FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU POIRIER, DM OLSON, CG WEAVER, JH AF POIRIER, DM OLSON, CG WEAVER, JH TI ELECTRONIC STATES AND STABILITY OF THE INSULATING RBC60 DIMER PHASE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID PHOTOEMISSION; FULLERIDE AB Photoelectron spectra for the quenched, metastable dimer phase of RbC60 show states derived from the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital of C-60 in an similar to 0.5-eV-wide feature centered similar to 1 eV below the Fermi level E(F) The onset of emission at similar to 0.6 eV establishes a minimum gap for defect-free material. Identification of a signature for the dimer state has implications for the interpretation of previous photoemission experiments. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT MAT SCI & CHEM ENGN,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. NR 23 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 11662 EP 11664 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600030 ER PT J AU SIGALAS, MM CHAN, CT HO, KM SOUKOULIS, CM AF SIGALAS, MM CHAN, CT HO, KM SOUKOULIS, CM TI METALLIC PHOTONIC BAND-GAP MATERIALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PERIODIC DIELECTRIC STRUCTURES; 2-DIMENSIONAL SQUARE; PROPAGATION; LATTICES; ARRAY AB We calculate the transmission and absorption of electromagnetic waves propagating in two-dimensional (2D) and 3D periodic metallic photonic band-gap (PBG) structures. For 2D systems, there is substantial difference between the s- and p-polarized waves. The p-polarized waves exhibit behavior similar to the dielectric PBG's. But, the s-polarized waves have a cutoff frequency below which there are no propagating modes. For 3D systems, the results are qualitatively the same for both polarizations but there are important differences related to the topology of the structure. For 3D structures with isolated metallic scatterers (cermet topology), the behavior is similar to that of the dielectric PBG's, while for 3D structures with the metal forming a continuous network (network topology), there is a cutoff frequency below which there are no propagating modes. The systems with the network topology may have some interesting applications for frequencies less than about 1 THz where the absorption can be neglected. We also study the role of the defects in the metallic structures. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP SIGALAS, MM (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 32 TC 248 Z9 266 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 11744 EP 11751 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.11744 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600041 ER PT J AU WU, CJ YANG, LH KLEPEIS, JE MAILHIOT, C AF WU, CJ YANG, LH KLEPEIS, JE MAILHIOT, C TI AB-INITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIAL CALCULATIONS OF THE ATOMIC AND ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF THE TA(100) AND TA(110) SURFACES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID PHOTOELECTRON DIFFRACTION; TRANSITION-METALS; FREE-ENERGIES; GROUND-STATE; TA(100); CONSTANTS; TANTALUM; ELEMENTS; TA(001); TA(011) AB We have performed ab initio pseudopotential plane-wave calculations of both the atomic and electronic structure of the Ta (100) and (110) surfaces. The atomic relaxation of Ta (110) is calculated while our results for the structure of Ta (100) agree well with previous experimental reports. We find that the topmost interlayer separations contract relative to their bulk values by (12+/-1)% and (2+/-1)% for Ta (100) and (110), respectively. The changes in the second and deeper interlayer separations differ in sign. The calculated surface formation and relaxation energies are 1.92 eV/atom and -0.17 eV/atom for the relaxed Ta (100) surface and 1.18 eV/atom and -0.03 eV/atom for the relaxed (110) surface. We have also calculated the work functions for both surfaces and find values of 4.0+/-0.1 eV for (100) and 4.9+/-0.1 eV for (110), which are both in good agreement with experiment. Our study of the respective surface states and their variation as a function of the relaxation indicates that, in contradiction to a previous report, the surface states do not provide the driving force for the relaxations. We report our calculation of the [110] zone boundary phonon frequencies for bulk Ta. Lastly, this work demonstrates that the pseudopotential method can be applied accurately and efficiently even in the case of a column V transition metal such as Ta. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 36 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 11784 EP 11792 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.11784 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600047 ER PT J AU MCCLUSKEY, MD HALLER, EE WALKER, J JOHNSON, NM AF MCCLUSKEY, MD HALLER, EE WALKER, J JOHNSON, NM TI VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY OF GROUP-II-ACCEPTOR HYDROGEN COMPLEXES IN GAP SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAAS AB Using infrared absorption spectroscopy, we have observed the local vibrational modes (LVM's) of group-II-acceptor-hydrogen complexes in GaP. In addition to the previously observed zinc-hydrogen complexes, we report modes corresponding to beryllium-hydrogen and cadmium-hydrogen complexes. In GaP:Be, we attribute the modes at 2292.2 and 1669.8 cm(-1) to phosphorus-hydrogen and phosphorus-deuterium bond-stretching modes of complexes adjacent to the beryllium accepters. In GaP:Cd, we attribute the modes at 2434.0 and 1768.3 cm(-1) to similar complexes adjacent to the cadmium accepters. The temperature-dependent shifts of the hydrogen LVM's in GaP:Be and GaP:Zn are shown to be proportional to the lattice thermal energy U(T), a consequence of the anharmonic coupling between the LVM's and the lattice phonons. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. XEROX CORP,PALO ALTO RES CTR,PALO ALTO,CA 94304. RP MCCLUSKEY, MD (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Schaff, William/B-5839-2009 NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 11859 EP 11864 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.11859 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600056 ER PT J AU LU, ZW ZUNGER, A DEUTSCH, M AF LU, ZW ZUNGER, A DEUTSCH, M TI ELECTRONIC CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION IN CRYSTALLINE GERMANIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-SCATTERING; POPULATION ANALYSIS; SILICON; DENSITY; DIAMOND AB We use a recently published set of high-accuracy structure factors, based on gamma-ray measurements [Dewey et al., Phys. Rev. B 50, 2800 (1994)] to derive the charge density distribution in crystalline germanium with a millielectron-level resolution. We use a multipole expansion model of the charge densities represented as a superposition of orbital-dependent, nonspherical atomic charge densities. We include in the model anharmonic and nonrigid atomic thermal motions, This model is then fit to the measured structure factors. We find (i) a considerable improvement in the fit residuals (especially for the low-order structure factors) relative to our previous analysis, based on earlier measurements; (ii) a factor-of-a improvement in the agreement between experiment and our earlier ab initio density-functional calculated structure factors; (iii) the evidence for the existence of nonrigid atomic thermal motion is marginal; (iv) a clear similar to 15% expansion of the valence orbital density relative to the free Ge atom; and (v) a twofold reduced upper limit on the anharmonic force constant. These bring the structure of germanium into better agreement with those of silicon and diamond. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. BAR ILAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, IL-52900 RAMAT GAN, ISRAEL. RP UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT PHYS, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 37 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 11904 EP 11911 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.11904 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600063 ER PT J AU WEI, SH ZUNGER, A AF WEI, SH ZUNGER, A TI INASSB/INAS - A TYPE-I A TYPE-II BAND ALIGNMENT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID STRAINED-LAYER SUPERLATTICES; MODEL-SOLID-THEORY; LONG-RANGE ORDER; ALLOYS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; SEMICONDUCTORS; EPITAXY; OFFSETS; SYSTEMS; GAPS AB Using first-principles band-structure calculations we have studied the valence-band alignment of InAs/InSb, deducing also the offset at the InAs1-xSbx/InAsl(1-y)Sb(y) heterostructure. We find the following: (i) Pure InAs/InSb has a ''type-II broken gap'' alignment both with and without strain. (ii) For Sb-rich InAs1-xSbx/InSb heterostructures, the unstrained band alignment is type II; both epitaxial strain and CuPt ordering enhance the type-II character in this Sb-rich limit. (iii) For As-rich InAs/InAs1-xSbx heterostructures the top of the valence band is always on the alloy layer while the conduction-band minimum can be localized either on the alloy layer (type-I) or on the InAs layer (type-II), depending on the balance between concentration, strain, and degree of ordering/phase separation. In this case, epitaxial strain enhances the type-II character, while ordering enhances the type-I character. Our results are compared with recent experimental observations. We find that the type-I behavior noted for some As-rich InAs/InAs1-xSbx interfaces and the type-II behavior noted in other such samples could be explained in terms of the dominance of ordering and strain effects, respectively. RP NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 33 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 20 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 12039 EP 12044 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.12039 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600080 ER PT J AU WATSON, GM GIBBS, D SONG, S SANDY, AR MOCHRIE, SGJ ZEHNER, DM AF WATSON, GM GIBBS, D SONG, S SANDY, AR MOCHRIE, SGJ ZEHNER, DM TI FACETING AND RECONSTRUCTION OF STEPPED AU(111) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VICINAL SI(111) SURFACES; X-RAY-SCATTERING; PHASE-SEPARATION; GOLD SURFACES; TRANSITIONS; MICROSCOPY; MORPHOLOGY; DOMAINS; ENERGY AB We present the results of an x-ray scattering study of the structure and morphology of a stepped Au(111) surface between 480 and 1225 K. At the highest temperatures studied, the surface phase separates to form three distinct orientational phases, each of which is reconstructed. These consist of (111) facets and two stepped phases, the latter differing in the polar and azimuthal orientations of their surface normal directions. The temperature-dependent reconstructions of the (111) facets are similar to those observed on the Au(111) surface. Specifically, the (111) facets exhibit a discommensuration-fluid phase above 700 K and a chevron phase, consisting of ordered discommensurations and kinks, below. The transformation from the discommensuration fluid phase to the chevron phase is remarkably slow, requiring on the order of tens of hours to complete. At the highest temperatures, the terraces of both stepped domains are uniaxially compressed, resulting in a series of well-ordered linear discommensurations. In one of the stepped phases the discommensurations intersect the step edges at 60 degrees, while in the other, they lie orthogonally to the step edges. On cooling, the latter stepped phase becomes unreconstructed below 985 K and vanishes below 775 K, resulting in a surface comprised of (111) facets in coexistence with a single reconstructed stepped phase. C1 MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WATSON, GM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 40 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 12329 EP 12344 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.12329 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600109 ER PT J AU FEIBELMAN, PJ AF FEIBELMAN, PJ TI SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY - ENERGETICS FROM STATISTICAL-ANALYSIS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Letter ID GROWTH; SI(001) AB The attraction between two Fe atoms adsorbed on Fe(100) should be much too weak to produce the 0.5-0.7-eV bond that has been deduced by analyzing scanning tunneling micrographs. The assumption that adatom diffusion proceeds by the same mechanism at high and low temperatures may be the source of the discrepancy. RP FEIBELMAN, PJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 23 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 16 BP 12444 EP 12446 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.12444 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB966 UT WOS:A1995TB96600125 ER PT J AU KNOX, L AF KNOX, L TI DETERMINATION OF INFLATIONARY OBSERVABLES BY COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND ANISOTROPY EXPERIMENTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MINIMAL ISOCURVATURE MODEL; RADIOMETER 1ST-YEAR MAPS; DEGREE ANGULAR SCALES; TENSOR PERTURBATIONS; GRAVITATIONAL-WAVES; RADIATION; UNIVERSE; COBE; FLUCTUATIONS; CONSTRAINTS AB Inflation produces nearly scale-invariant scalar and tenser perturbation spectra which lead to anisotropy in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). The amplitudes and shapes of these spectra can be parametrized by Q(S)(2), r = Q(T)(2)/Q(S)(2) n(S), and n(T) where Q(S)(2) and Q(T)(2) are the scalar and tenser contributions to the square of the CMB quadrupole and n(S) and n(T) are the power-law spectral indices. Even if we restrict ourselves to information from angles greater than one-third of a degree, three of these observables can be measured with some precision. The combination 105(1-n S)Q(S)(2) can be known to better than +/-0.3%. The scalar index ns can be determined to better than +/-0.02. The ratio r can be known to about +/-0.1 for n(S) similar or equal to 1 and slightly better for smaller n(S). The precision with which n(T) can be measured depends weakly on n(S) and strongly on r. For n(S) similar or equal to 1, n(T) can be determined with a precision of about +/-0.056(1.5 +/- r)/r. A full-sky experiment with a 20 are min beam using technology available today, similar to those being planned by several groups, can achieve the above precision. Good angular resolution is more important than high signal-to-noise ratio; for a given detector sensitivity and observing time a smaller beam provides more information than a larger beam. The uncertainties in ns and r are roughly proportional to the beam size. We briefly discuss the effects of uncertainty in the Hubble constant, baryon density, cosmological constant, and ionization history. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 82 TC 323 Z9 322 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP 4307 EP 4318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4307 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TA527 UT WOS:A1995TA52700007 ER PT J AU CAHILL, K AF CAHILL, K TI AN EFFECTIVE POTENTIAL THAT IS REAL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS SYMMETRY-BREAKING; PHI-4 FIELD-THEORY; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; FLUCTUATIONS; BEHAVIOR; UNIVERSE; GAUGE AB In theories with spontaneous symmetry breaking, the exact effective potential V(phi(c),T) is real, but its loop expansion can be complex. A. generalization of the effective potential is developed that is real and that can be computed perturbatively. For the theory with the classical potential V(phi) = (lambda/4)(phi(2) - sigma(2))(2), this real effective potential closely tracks the usual effective potential where the latter is real, \phi(c)\ greater than or equal to sigma/root 3, and at finite temperatures displays at phi(c) = 0 a local minimum, which may have astrophysical implications. The critical temperature at the one-loop level runs from T-c approximate to 1.81 sigma for lambda = 0.1 to T-c approximate to 1.74 sigma for lambda = 1. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CAHILL, K (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 45 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP 4704 EP 4717 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4704 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TA527 UT WOS:A1995TA52700043 ER PT J AU PHILLPOT, SR WOLF, D GLEITER, H AF PHILLPOT, SR WOLF, D GLEITER, H TI A STRUCTURAL MODEL FOR GRAIN-BOUNDARIES IN NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; SIMULATION; PALLADIUM C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE, D-76021 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. RP PHILLPOT, SR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Phillpot, Simon/J-9117-2012; OI Phillpot, Simon/0000-0002-7774-6535 NR 24 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1245 EP 1251 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)00350-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RV217 UT WOS:A1995RV21700008 ER PT J AU CHU, F HE, Y THOMA, DJ MITCHELL, TE AF CHU, F HE, Y THOMA, DJ MITCHELL, TE TI ELASTIC-CONSTANTS OF THE C15 LAVES PHASE COMPOUND NBCR2 SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article RP CHU, F (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,MS K-765,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1295 EP 1300 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)00357-2 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RV217 UT WOS:A1995RV21700016 ER PT J AU SOLOVIOFF, G ELIEZER, D DESCH, PB SCHWARZ, RB AF SOLOVIOFF, G ELIEZER, D DESCH, PB SCHWARZ, RB TI HYDROGEN-INDUCED CRACKING IN AN AL-AL3TI-AL4C3 ALLOY SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID ZN-MG ALLOYS; ALUMINUM-ALLOY; EMBRITTLEMENT C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR MAT SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SOLOVIOFF, G (reprint author), BEN GERIO UNIV NEGEV,BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD OCT 15 PY 1995 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1315 EP 1320 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)00360-8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RV217 UT WOS:A1995RV21700019 ER PT J AU DEBEER, E ZHAO, YX YOURSHAW, I NEUMARK, DM AF DEBEER, E ZHAO, YX YOURSHAW, I NEUMARK, DM TI STIMULATED RAMAN PUMPING OF C-2(-) PROBED VIA RESONANT 2-PHOTON DETACHMENT SO CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PHOTODETACHMENT SPECTROSCOPY; LASER SPECTROSCOPY; STATE AB We demonstrate for the first time that stimulated Raman pumping (SRP) can be used to vibrationally excite gas-phase negative ions. Results are presented for C-2(-), in which stimulated Raman pumping excites a rotationally resolved transition between the upsilon = 0 and upsilon = 1 levels of the ground (2) Sigma(g)(+) state; this excitation is monitored by resonant two-photon detachment through the excited B 2 Sigma(u)(+) state. At least 35% conversion to the upsilon = 1 level was achieved in this study. It is expected that this method is quite generally applicable and will provide an excellent tool for the study of the vibrational spectroscopy of negative ions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Neumark, Daniel/B-9551-2009 OI Neumark, Daniel/0000-0002-3762-9473 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2614 J9 CHEM PHYS LETT JI Chem. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 13 PY 1995 VL 244 IS 5-6 BP 400 EP 406 DI 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00967-9 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA RZ281 UT WOS:A1995RZ28100010 ER PT J AU CALLOW, MJ RUBIN, EM AF CALLOW, MJ RUBIN, EM TI SITE-SPECIFIC MUTAGENESIS DEMONSTRATES THAT CYSTEINE-4326 OF APOLIPOPROTEIN-B IS REQUIRED FOR COVALENT LINKAGE WITH APOLIPOPROTEIN(A) IN-VIVO SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Note ID EXPRESSING HUMAN APOLIPOPROTEIN(A); PHENOTYPIC SELECTION; LIPOPROTEIN(A); DNA; PLASMA; IDENTIFICATION; SEQUENCE AB In the formation of the lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) particle, apolipoprotein(a) (apo(a)) and apolipoprotein B (apoB) are covalently linked via a disulfide bond in both humans and human-apo(a)/apoB transgenic mice. Studies based upon fluorescent labeling of free cysteine residues have suggested that cysteine 3734 of the 4 carboxyl-terminal cysteines of apoB (Cys-3734, Cys-3890, Cys-4190, and Cys-4326) is the most likely candidate to form a disulfide bond with apo(a). However, other recent studies using truncated apoB molecules suggest that Cys-4326, the terminal cysteine of apoB, may be implicated in the binding to apo(a). In order to definitively show which of apoB's carboxyl-terminal cysteines is essential in interacting with apo(a) we have used RecA-assisted restriction enzyme digestion coupled with site-specific mutagenesis to convert Cys-3734 and Cys-4326 to serine within separate 90-kilobase pair apoB P1 phagemid clones. Transgenic mice containing the normal or mutated apoB transgenes were created, and the covalent association of mutated apoB with apo(a) was assessed in mice transgenic for both apoB and apo(a). Analysis by ultracentrifugation and immunoblotting revealed that Cys-4326, but not Cys-3734, was essential in the formation of the covalent bond between apo(a) and apoB in vivo. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-18574] NR 31 TC 56 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD OCT 13 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 41 BP 23914 EP 23917 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TA217 UT WOS:A1995TA21700009 PM 7592581 ER PT J AU GUIGO, R FICKETT, JW AF GUIGO, R FICKETT, JW TI DISTINCTIVE SEQUENCE FEATURES IN PROTEIN-CODING GENIC NONCODING, AND INTERGENIC HUMAN DNA SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INTERGENIC DNA; HUMAN GENOME STRUCTURE; GENE IDENTIFICATION; C + G CONTENT VARIATION; OPEN READING FRAMES ID CAENORHABDITIS-ELEGANS; HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES; PSEUDOGENES; GENES; TAGS AB We have studied the behavior of a number of sequence statistics, mostly indicative of protein coding function, in a large set of human clone sequences randomly selected in the course of genome mapping (randomly selected clone sequences), and compared this with the behavior in known sequences containing genes (which we term genic sequences). As expected, given the higher coding density of the genic sequences, the sequence statistics studied behave in a substantially different manner in the randomly selected clone sequences (mostly intergenic DNA) and in the genic sequences. Strong differences in behavior of a number of such statistics are also observed, however when the randomly selected clone sequences are compared with only the non-coding fraction of the genic sequences, suggesting that intergenic and genic non-coding DNA constitute two different classes of non-coding DNA. By studying the behavior of the sequence statistics in simulated DNA of different C + G content, we have observed that a number of them are strongly dependent on C + G content. Thus, most differences between intergenic and genic non-coding DNA can be explained by differences in C + G content. A + T-rich intergenic DNA appears to be at the compositional equilibrium expected under random mutation, while C + G richer non-coding genic DNA is far from this equilibrium. The results obtained in simulated DNA indicate, on the other hand, that a very large fraction of the variation in the coding statistics that underlie gene identification algorithms is due simply to C + G content, and is not directly related to protein coding function. It appears, thus, that the performance of gene-finding algorithms should be improved by carefully distinguishing the effects of protein coding function from those of mere base compositional variation on such coding statistics. (C) 1995 Academic Press Limited RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Gasull, Martina/A-6630-2013; Guigo, Roderic/D-1303-2010 OI Guigo, Roderic/0000-0002-5738-4477 NR 26 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 EI 1089-8638 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD OCT 13 PY 1995 VL 253 IS 1 BP 51 EP 60 DI 10.1006/jmbi.1995.0535 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA RZ240 UT WOS:A1995RZ24000006 PM 7473716 ER PT J AU BRICENO, G CHANG, HY SUN, XD SCHULTZ, PG XIANG, XD AF BRICENO, G CHANG, HY SUN, XD SCHULTZ, PG XIANG, XD TI A CLASS OF COBALT OXIDE MAGNETORESISTANCE MATERIALS DISCOVERED WITH COMBINATORIAL SYNTHESIS SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB The recent development of methods for generating libraries of solid-state compounds has made it possible to apply combinatorial approaches to the discovery of materials. A library of 128 members containing different compositions and stoichiometries of Ln(x)M(y)CoO(delta), where Ln = Y or La and M = Pb, Ca, Sr, or Ba, was synthesized by a combination of thin-film deposition and physical masking techniques. Large magnetoresistance has been found in La-x(Ba,Sr,Ca)(y)-CoOdelta samples, whereas Y-based samples exhibit much smaller magnetoresistive effects. The magnetoresistance of the Co-containing compounds increases as the size of the alkaline earth ion increases, in sharp contrast to Mn-containing compounds, in which the magnetoresistance effect increases as the size of the alkaline earth ion decreases. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, INST MOLEC DESIGN, HOWARD HUGHES MED INST, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Xiang, Xiaodong/A-9445-2012; Xiang, Xiaodong/A-5936-2017 NR 13 TC 451 Z9 473 U1 11 U2 68 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 13 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 5234 BP 273 EP 275 DI 10.1126/science.270.5234.273 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RZ342 UT WOS:A1995RZ34200030 ER PT J AU FISKE, PS NELLIS, WJ LIPP, M LORENZANA, H KIKUCHI, M SYONO, Y AF FISKE, PS NELLIS, WJ LIPP, M LORENZANA, H KIKUCHI, M SYONO, Y TI PSEUDOTACHYLITES GENERATED IN SHOCK EXPERIMENTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR IMPACT CRATERING PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VREDEFORT DOME; SOUTH-AFRICA; METAMORPHISM; TEMPERATURES; STISHOVITE; COESITE; QUARTZ AB Laboratory hypervelocity impact experiments in which quartz was shock-loaded from 42 to 56 gigapascals imply that type A pseudotachylites form by strain heating and contribute to the loss of strength of rocks in the central uplift of large impact structures. Shock impedance-matched aluminum sample containers, in contrast to steel containers, produced nearly single-wave pressure loading, and enhanced deformation, of silicate samples, Strain heating may act with shock heating to devolatilize planetary materials and destroy extraterrestrial organic material in an impact. C1 TOHOKU UNIV,INST MAT RES,AOBA KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. RP FISKE, PS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-413,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 23 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1333 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 13 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 5234 BP 281 EP 283 DI 10.1126/science.270.5234.281 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RZ342 UT WOS:A1995RZ34200033 ER PT J AU FINDIKOGLU, AT JIA, QX REAGOR, DW WU, XD AF FINDIKOGLU, AT JIA, QX REAGOR, DW WU, XD TI TUNABLE MICROWAVE MIXING IN NONLINEAR DIELECTRIC THIN-FILMS OF SRTIO3 AND SR0.5BA0.5TIO3 SO ELECTRONICS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE DIELECTRIC THIN FILMS; FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS; MICROWAVE DEVICES AB DC-voltage-tunable microwave mixing in coplanar waveguide devices made from Au/Sr0.5Ba0.5TiO3 and YBa2Cu3O7-x/SrTiO3 bilayers have been studied. The transmitted microwave power of a mixed signal at similar to 4GHz shows >40dB change when a 15V DC bias is applied between the centreline and groundplanes. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP FINDIKOGLU, AT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 4 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEE-INST ELEC ENG PI HERTS PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTS, ENGLAND SG1 2AY SN 0013-5194 J9 ELECTRON LETT JI Electron. Lett. PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 31 IS 21 BP 1814 EP 1815 DI 10.1049/el:19951247 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA TA920 UT WOS:A1995TA92000015 ER PT J AU STAVE, MS NICHOLAS, JB AF STAVE, MS NICHOLAS, JB TI DENSITY-FUNCTIONAL STUDIES OF ZEOLITES .2. STRUCTURE AND ACIDITY OF [T]-ZSM-5 MODELS (T=B, AL, GA, AND FE) SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-ORBITAL CALCULATIONS; PLANE-WAVE METHOD; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; PROTON AFFINITIES; HARTREE-FOCK; BASIS-SETS; ABINITIO; ZSM-5; FRAMEWORK; CATALYSTS AB We use local density functional theory to study the structure and acidity of a series of molecules that model a catalytic site within zeolite ZSM-5. We consider models of the form (X)(3)Si-O(H)-T(X)(3) where X = OH, OSiH3, and OSi(OH)(3) and T = Si, Al, B, Ga, or Fe. The theoretical predictions of the siliceous models agree well with the crystal structure of silicalite, the siliceous ZSM-5 analog. We show how increases in the size of the zeolite model affect the calculated results. In particular, internal coordinates converge quickly with. increases in model size, while deprotonation energies do not converge within the range of models tested. We also show the effects on structure and acidity caused by replacing Si with trivalent metals. The most accurate calculations predict acidity increases in the order [B]-ZSM-5 much less than [Fe]-ZSM-5 < [Ga]-ZSM-5 < [A]-ZSM-5, in agreement with experimental results. However, the correct prediction of the acidity trend requires both the largest models and extensive geometry relaxation. The calculations also elucidate the experimentally observed change from trigonal to tetrahedral coordination between the neutral and anionic forms of [B]-ZSM-5. This work demonstrates the great potential of density functional theory for the study zeolite structure, reactivity, and the substitution of transition metals within the zeolite framework. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 63 TC 88 Z9 91 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 41 BP 15046 EP 15061 DI 10.1021/j100041a021 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RZ373 UT WOS:A1995RZ37300021 ER PT J AU HENDERSON, MA AF HENDERSON, MA TI FORMIC-ACID DECOMPOSITION ON THE (110)-MICROFACETED SURFACE OF TIO2(100) - INSIGHTS DERIVED FROM 180-LABELING STUDIES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; SPECTROSCOPY; TIO2; ADSORPTION; REACTIVITY; CRYSTAL; HCOOH AB The decomposition of formic acid was examined on the (110)-microfaceted surface of TiO2(100) with temperature-programmed desorption(TPD), static secondary ion mass spectrometry (SSIMS), low-energy electron diffraction (LEED), and work function measurements. No ordered structures of formic acid, or of its main decomposition product formate, were observed. Formic acid decomposed on TiO2(100) to formate and a surface proton at temperatures below 250 K. The main TPD products were water, which desorbed below 450 K, and CO, which desorbed at 555 K. Formaldehyde was also observed as a TPD product at 540 K. CO and formaldehyde resulted from formate decomposition. TPD experiments performed on the O-18-enriched surface show that extensive isotopic oxygen incorporation occurred for the CO, water, and formaldehyde TPD products. The incorporation of lattice O-18 into the water product indicates that the acid proton, deposited during formic acid decomposition, was able to abstract oxygen from the surface. SSIMS measurements indicate that incorporation of lattice O-18 into the formate species did not occur until the onset of formate decomposition, implying that lattice oxygen atoms were involved in the formate decomposition process. Studies with coadsorbed (H2O)-O-18 indicate that water was a mild site blocker of formic acid adsorption and/or decomposition sites and that little or no isotopic oxygen exchange took place between the two adsorbed molecules. RP HENDERSON, MA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, MAT & INTERFACES GRP, POB 999,MS K2-12, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 30 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 41 BP 15253 EP 15261 DI 10.1021/j100041a048 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RZ373 UT WOS:A1995RZ37300048 ER PT J AU ALLENDORF, MD MELIUS, CF HO, P ZACHARIAH, MR AF ALLENDORF, MD MELIUS, CF HO, P ZACHARIAH, MR TI THEORETICAL-STUDY OF THE THERMOCHEMISTRY OF MOLECULES IN THE SI-O-H SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CONTAINING COMPOUNDS; ELECTRONEGATIVITY SCALE; ALKYLSILANE DERIVATIVES; DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; 2ND-ROW ELEMENTS; ORBITAL METHODS; HEATS; BONDS AB A self-consistent set of thermochemical parameters for 47 molecules in the Si-O-H system are obtained from a combination of ab initio electronic structure calculations and empirical corrections. Both stable and radical species are included in the study. Good agreement between the calculations and experimental data for the heat of formation of SiO is found, while the prediction for SiO2 suggests that accepted literature values for the heat of formation of this molecule are too low, in agreement with a recently reported experimental measurement. Results for other species in this system are also compared with the literature and are found to be in acceptable agreement. Polynomial fits of the predicted thermodynamic data over the 300-4000 K temperature range are included in the supporting information. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NIST, GAITHERSBURG, MD 20899 USA. RP ALLENDORF, MD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 969, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 41 TC 86 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 41 BP 15285 EP 15293 DI 10.1021/j100041a052 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RZ373 UT WOS:A1995RZ37300052 ER PT J AU EPSTEIN, RI BUCHWALD, MI EDWARDS, BC GOSNELL, TR MUNGAN, CE AF EPSTEIN, RI BUCHWALD, MI EDWARDS, BC GOSNELL, TR MUNGAN, CE TI OBSERVATION OF LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENT COOLING OF A SOLID SO NATURE LA English DT Article AB THE possibility that an object might cool through its interaction with radiation vas suggested as early as 1929 by Pringsheim(1) After Landau(2) established the basic thermodynamic consistency of such a process, certain aspects of fluorescent cooling were vigorously pursued(3-11). In particular, laser 'Doppler' cooling of gas-phase atoms and ions has today grown into a robust research area In contrast, attempts to cool solids with light have met with limited success; non-radiative heating effects tend to dominate, and fluorescent cooling has at best resulted in a reduction in overall heating rates(6). Here we report the experimental realization of net cooling of a solid with radiation. The cooling efficiencies achieved (up to 2%) are more than 10(4) times those observed in Doppler cooling of gases. By pumping a fluorescent cooling element with a high-efficiency diode laser, it may be possible to construct a compact, solid-state optical cryocooler, thereby allowing widespread deployment of cryogenic electronics and detectors in space and elsewhere(16). C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CONDENSED MATTER & THERMAL PHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP EPSTEIN, RI (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ASTROPHYS & RADIAT MEASUREMENT GRP,NIS-2,MAIL STOP D436,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 400 Z9 410 U1 9 U2 53 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 377 IS 6549 BP 500 EP 503 DI 10.1038/377500a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RZ336 UT WOS:A1995RZ33600052 ER PT J AU BRODSKY, SJ HOANG, AH KUHN, JH TEUBNER, T AF BRODSKY, SJ HOANG, AH KUHN, JH TEUBNER, T TI ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS OF MASSIVE QUARKS AND LEPTONS CLOSE TO THRESHOLD SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article AB Predictions for the angular distribution of massive quarks and leptons are presented, including QCD and QED corrections. Recent results for the fermionic part of the two-loop corrections to the electromagnetic form factors are combined with the BLM scale fixing prescription, Two distinctly different scales arise as arguments of alpha(s)(mu(2)) near threshold: the relative momentum of the quarks governing the soft gluon exchange responsible for the Coulomb potential, and a large momentum scale approximately equal to twice the quark mass for the corrections induced by transverse gluons. Numerical predictions for charmed, bottom, and top quarks are given. One obtains a direct determination of alpha(V)(Q(2)), the coupling in the heavy quark potential, which can be compared with lattice gauge theory predictions. The corresponding QED results for tau pair production allow for a measurement of the magnetic moment of the tau and could be tested at a future tau-charm factory. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP BRODSKY, SJ (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST THEORET TEILCHENPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 6 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3-4 BP 355 EP 361 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01070-7 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RZ314 UT WOS:A1995RZ31400018 ER PT J AU FRABETTI, PL CHEUNG, HWK CUMALAT, JP DALLAPICCOLA, C GINKEL, JF JOHNS, WE NEHRING, MS BUTLER, JN CIHANGIR, S GAINES, I GARBINCIUS, PH GARREN, L GOURLAY, SA HARDING, DJ KASPER, P KREYMER, A LEBRUN, P SHUKLA, S VITTONE, M BIANCO, S FABBRI, FL SARWAR, S ZALLO, A CULBERTSON, R GARDNER, RW GREENE, R WISS, J ALIMONTI, G BELLINI, G BOSCHINI, M BRAMBILLA, D CACCIANIGA, B CINQUINI, L DICORATO, M GIAMMARCHI, M INZANI, P LEVERARO, F MALVEZZI, S MENASCE, D MERONI, E MORONI, L PEDRINI, D PERASSO, L PRELZ, F SALA, A SALA, S TORRETTA, D BUCHHOLZ, D CLAES, D GOBBI, B OREILLY, B BISHOP, JM CASON, NM KENNEDY, CJ KIM, GN LIN, TF PUSELJIC, DL RUCHTI, RC SHEPHERD, WD SWIATEK, JA WU, ZY ARENA, V BOCA, G CASTOLDI, C GIANINI, G RATTI, SP RICCARDI, C VIOLA, L VITULO, P LOPEZ, A GRIM, GP PAOLONE, VS YAGER, PM WILSON, JR SHELDON, PD DAVENPORT, F BLACKETT, GR PISHARODY, M HANDLER, T CHEON, BG KANG, JS KIM, KY AF FRABETTI, PL CHEUNG, HWK CUMALAT, JP DALLAPICCOLA, C GINKEL, JF JOHNS, WE NEHRING, MS BUTLER, JN CIHANGIR, S GAINES, I GARBINCIUS, PH GARREN, L GOURLAY, SA HARDING, DJ KASPER, P KREYMER, A LEBRUN, P SHUKLA, S VITTONE, M BIANCO, S FABBRI, FL SARWAR, S ZALLO, A CULBERTSON, R GARDNER, RW GREENE, R WISS, J ALIMONTI, G BELLINI, G BOSCHINI, M BRAMBILLA, D CACCIANIGA, B CINQUINI, L DICORATO, M GIAMMARCHI, M INZANI, P LEVERARO, F MALVEZZI, S MENASCE, D MERONI, E MORONI, L PEDRINI, D PERASSO, L PRELZ, F SALA, A SALA, S TORRETTA, D BUCHHOLZ, D CLAES, D GOBBI, B OREILLY, B BISHOP, JM CASON, NM KENNEDY, CJ KIM, GN LIN, TF PUSELJIC, DL RUCHTI, RC SHEPHERD, WD SWIATEK, JA WU, ZY ARENA, V BOCA, G CASTOLDI, C GIANINI, G RATTI, SP RICCARDI, C VIOLA, L VITULO, P LOPEZ, A GRIM, GP PAOLONE, VS YAGER, PM WILSON, JR SHELDON, PD DAVENPORT, F BLACKETT, GR PISHARODY, M HANDLER, T CHEON, BG KANG, JS KIM, KY TI DOUBLY AND SINGLY CABIBBO SUPPRESSED CHARM DECAYS INTO THE K+PI(-)PI(+) FINAL-STATE SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E-PHYSICS; VERSION AB Branching ratios and upper limits at 90% confidence level for D+ and D-s(+) --> K+ pi(-) pi(+) decays collected in Fermilab photoproduction experiment E-687 are reported. The D+ results are: Gamma(D+ --> K+ )-pi(+))/Gamma(D+ --> K- pi(+)pi(+)) = (7.2 +/- 2.3 +/- 1.7) x 10(-3), Gamma(D+ --> K*(0)(892)pi(+))/Gamma(D+ --> K- pi(+)pi(+)) < 0.0021, and Gamma(D+ K(+)rho(0)(770))/Gamma(D+ --> K- pi(+)pi(+)) < 0.0067. The D-s(+) results are: Gamma(D-s(+) --> K(+)pi(-)pi(+))/Gamma(D-s(+) --> phi(1020)pi(+)) = 0.28 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.05, Gamma(D-s(+) -->K*(0) (892)pi(+))/Gamma(D-s(+) --> phi(1020)pi(+)) = 0.18 +/- 0.05 +/- 0.04, and Gamma(D-s(+) --> K+ rho(0)(770))/Gamma(D-s(+) --> phi(1020)pi(+)) < 0.08. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS NUCL & TEOR,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. UNIV PUERTO RICO,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00709. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV N CAROLINA,ASHEVILLE,NC 28804. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. RP FRABETTI, PL (reprint author), UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. RI Menasce, Dario Livio/A-2168-2016; Gianini, Gabriele/M-5195-2014; OI Menasce, Dario Livio/0000-0002-9918-1686; Gianini, Gabriele/0000-0001-5186-0199; bianco, stefano/0000-0002-8300-4124 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3-4 BP 403 EP 410 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01085-5 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RZ314 UT WOS:A1995RZ31400026 ER PT J AU ABREU, P ADAM, W ADYE, T AGASI, E AJINENKO, I ALEKSAN, R ALEKSEEV, GD ALLPORT, PP ALMEHED, S ALVSVAAG, SJ AMALDI, U AMATO, S ANDREAZZA, A ANDRIEUX, ML ANTILOGUS, P APEL, WD ARNOUD, Y ASMAN, B AUGUSTIN, JE AUGUSTINUS, A BAILLON, P BAMBADE, P BARAO, F BARATE, R BARBIELLINI, G BARDIN, DY BARKER, GJ BARONCELLI, A BARRING, O BARRIO, JA BARTL, W BATES, MJ BATTAGLIA, M BAUBILLIER, M BAUDOT, J BECKS, KH BEGALLI, M BEILLIERE, P BELOKOPYTOV, Y BENVENUTI, AC BERGGREN, M BERTRAND, D BIANCHI, F BIGI, M BILENKY, MS BILLOIR, P BLOCH, D BLUME, M BLYTH, S BOCCI, V BOLOGNESE, T BONESINI, M BONIVENTO, W BOOTH, PSL BORISOV, G BOSIO, C BOSWORTH, S BOTNER, O BOUDINOV, E BOUQUET, B BOURDARIOS, C BOWCOCK, TJV BOZZO, M BRNACHINI, P BRAND, KD BRENKE, T BRENNER, RA BRICMAN, C BRILLAULT, L BROWN, RCA BRUCKMAN, P BRUNET, JM BUGGE, L BURAN, T BURGSMUELLER, T BUSCHMANN, P BUYS, A CACCIA, M CALVI, M ROZAS, AJC CAMPORESI, T CANALE, V CANEPA, M CANKOCAK, K CAO, F CARENA, F CARRILHO, P CARROLL, L CASO, C GIMENEZ, MVC CATTAI, A CAVALLO, FR CERRITO, L CHABAUD, V CHAPKIN, M CHARPENTIER, P CHAUSSARD, L CHAUVEAU, J CHECCHIA, P CHELKOV, GA CHIERICI, R CHLIAPNIKOV, P CHOCHULA, P CHOROWICZ, V CINDRO, V COLLINS, P CONTRERAS, JL CONTRI, R CORTINA, E COSME, G COSSUTTI, F CRAWLEY, HB CRENNELL, D CROSETTI, G MAESTRO, JC CZELLAR, S DAHLJENSEN, E DAHM, J DALMAGNE, B DAM, M DAMGAARD, G DAUM, A DAUNCEY, PD DAVENPORT, M DASILVA, W DEFOIX, C DELLARICCA, G DELPIERRE, P DEMARIA, N DEANGELIS, A DEBOECK, H DEBOER, W DEBRABANDERE, S DECLERCQ, C DELAVAISSIERE, C DELOTTO, B DEMIN, A DEPAULA, L DESAINTJEAN, C DIJKSTRA, H DICIACCIO, L DJAMA, F DOLBEAU, J DONSZELMANN, M DOROBA, K DRACOS, M DREES, J DREES, KA DRIS, M DUFOUR, Y DUPONT, F EDSALL, D EHRET, R EIGEN, G EKELOF, T EKSPONG, G ELSING, M ENGEL, JP ERSHAIDAT, N ERZEN, B SANTO, ME FALK, E FASSOULIOTIS, D FEINDT, M FERRER, A FILIPPAS, TA FIRESTONE, A FISCHER, PA FOETH, H FOKITIS, E FONTANELLI, F FORMENTI, F FRANEK, B FRENKIEL, P FRIES, DC FRODESEN, AG FRUHWIRTH, R FULDAQUENZER, F FUSTER, J GALLONI, A GAMBA, D GANDELMAN, M GARCIA, C GARCIA, J GASPAR, C GASPARINI, U GAVILLET, P GAZIS, EN GELE, D GERBER, JP GIBBS, M GOKIELI, R GOLOB, B GOPAL, G GORN, L GORSKI, M GOUZ, Y GRACCO, Y GRAZIANI, E GROSDIDIER, G GUNNARSSON, P GUNTHER, M GUY, J HAEDINGER, U HAHN, F HAHN, M HAHN, S HAJDUK, Z HALLGREN, A HAMACHER, K HAO, W HARRIS, FJ HEDBERG, V HENRIQUES, R HERNANDEZ, JJ HERQUET, P HERR, H HESSING, TL HIGON, E HILKE, HJ HILL, TS HOLMGREN, SO HOLT, PJ HOLTHUIZEN, D HOULDEN, M HRUBEC, J HUET, K HULTQVIST, K IOANNOU, P JACKSON, JN JACOBSSON, R JALOCHA, P JANIK, R JARLSKOG, G JARRY, P JEANMARIE, B JOHANSSON, EK JONSSON, L JONSSON, P JORAM, C JUILLOT, P KAISER, M KAPUSTA, F KARLSSON, M KARVELAS, E KATSANEVAS, S KATSOUFIS, EC KERANEN, R KHOMENKO, BA KHOVANSKI, NN KING, B KJAER, NJ KLEIN, H KLOVNING, A KLUIT, P KOEHNE, JH KOENE, B KOKKINIAS, P KORATZINOS, M KOSTIOUKHINE, V KOURKOUMELIS, C KOUZNETSOV, O KRAMER, PH KRAMMER, M KREUTER, C KROLIKOWSKI, J KRONKVIST, I KRUMSTEIN, Z KRUPINSKI, W KUBINEC, P KUCEWICZ, W KURVINEN, K LACASTA, C LAKTINEH, I LAMBLOT, S LAMSA, JW LANCERI, L LANE, DW LANGEFELD, P LAPIN, V LAST, I LAUGIER, JP LAUHAKANGAS, R LEDROIT, F LEFEBURE, V LEGAN, CK LEITNER, R LEMOIGNE, Y LEMONNE, J LENZEN, G LEPELTIER, V LESIAK, T LIKO, D LINDNER, R LIPNIACKA, A LIPPI, I LOERSTAD, B LOKAJICEK, M LOKEN, JG LOPEZ, JM LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A AGUERA, MAL LOUKAS, D LUTZ, P LYONS, L MACNAUGHTON, J MAEHLUM, G MAIO, A MALYCHEV, V MANDL, F MARCO, J MARECHAL, B MARGONI, M MARIN, JC MARIOTTI, C MARKOU, A MARON, T MARTINEZRIVERO, C MARTINEZVIDAL, F GARCIA, SMI MARVIK, K MATORRAS, F MATTEUZZI, C MATTHIAE, G MAZZUCATO, M MCCUBBIN, M MCKAY, R MCNULTY, R MEDBO, J MERONI, C MEYER, WT MICHELOTTO, M MIGLIORE, E MIRABITO, L MITAROFF, WA MJOERNMARK, U MOA, T MOELLER, R MOENIG, K MONGE, MR MORETTINI, P MUELLER, H MUNDIM, LM MURRAY, WJ MURYN, B MYATT, G NARAGHI, F NAVARRIA, FL NAVAS, S NEGRI, P NEMECEK, S NEUMAN, W NEUMEISTER, N NICOLAIDOU, R NIELSEN, BS NIEUWENHUIZEN, M NIKOLAENKO, V NISS, P NOMEROTSKI, A NORMAND, A OBERSCHULTEBECKMANN, W OBRAZTSOV, V OLSHEVSKI, AG ORAVA, R OSTERBERG, K OURAOU, A PAGANINI, P PAGANONI, M PAGES, P PALKA, H PAPADOPOULOU, TD PAPE, L PARKES, C PARODI, F PASSERI, A PEGORARO, M PERALTA, L PERNEGGER, H PERNICKA, M PERROTTA, A PETRIDOU, C PETROLINI, A PHILLIPS, HT PIANA, G PIERRE, F PIMENTA, M PINDO, M PLASZCZYNSKI, S PODOBRIN, O POL, ME POLOK, G POROPAT, P POZDNIAKOV, V PREST, M PRIVITERA, P PUKHAEVA, N PULLIA, A RADOJICIC, D RAGAZZI, S RAHMANI, H RAMES, J RATOFF, PN READ, AL REALE, M REBECCHI, P REDAELLI, NG REGLER, M REID, D RENTON, PB RESVANIS, LK RICHARD, F RICHARDSON, J RIDKY, J RINAUDO, G RIPP, I ROMERO, A RONCAGLIOLO, I RONCHESE, P ROOS, L ROSENBERG, EI ROSSO, E ROUDEAU, P ROVELLI, T RUCKSTUHL, W RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V RUIZ, A RYBICKI, K SAARIKKO, H SACQUIN, Y SADOVSKY, A SAJOT, G SALT, J SANCHEZ, J SANNINO, M SCHNEIDER, H SCHYNS, MAE SCIOLLA, G SCURI, F SEDYKH, Y SEGAR, AM SEITZ, A SEKULIN, R SHELLARD, RC SICCAMA, I SIEGRIST, P SIMONETTI, S SIMONETTO, F SISAKIAN, AN SITAR, B SKAALI, TB SMADJA, G SMIRNOV, N SMIRNOVA, O SMITH, GR SOSNOWSKI, R SOUZASANTOS, D SPASSOV, T SPIRITI, E SPONHOLZ, P SQUARCIA, S STANESCU, C STAPNES, S STAVITSKI, I STEPANIAK, K STICHELBAUT, F STOCCHI, A STRAUSS, J STRUB, R STUGU, B SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M TABARELLI, T TAVERNET, JP TCHIKILEV, O TILQUIN, A TIMMERMANS, J TKATCHEV, LG TODOROV, T TOET, DZ TOMARADZE, A TOME, B TORTORA, L TRANSTROMER, G TREILLE, D TRISCHUK, W TRISTRAM, G TROMBINI, A TRONCON, C TSIROU, A TURLUER, ML TYAPKIN, IA TYNDEL, M TZAMARIAS, S UEBERSCHAER, B ULLALAND, O UVAROV, V VALENTI, G VALLAZZA, E VANDERVELDE, C VANAPELDOORN, GW VANDAM, P VANDONINCK, WK VANELDIK, J VASSILOPOULOS, N VEGNI, G VENTURA, L VENUS, W VERBEURE, F VERLATO, M VERTOGRADOV, LS VILANOVA, D VINCENT, P VITALE, L VLASOV, E VODOPYANOV, AS VRBA, V WAHLEN, H WALCK, C WEIERSTALL, M WEILHAMMER, P WETHERELL, AM WICKE, D WICKENS, JH WIELERS, M WILKINSON, GR WILLIAMS, WSC WINTER, M WITEK, M WOSCHNAGG, K YIP, K YUSHCHENKO, O ZACH, F ZACHARATOU, C ZAITSEV, A ZALEWSKA, A ZALEWSKI, P ZAVRTANIK, D ZEVGOLATAKOS, E ZIMIN, NI ZITO, M ZONTAR, D ZUBERI, R ZUCCHELLI, GC ZUMERLE, G AF ABREU, P ADAM, W ADYE, T AGASI, E AJINENKO, I ALEKSAN, R ALEKSEEV, GD ALLPORT, PP ALMEHED, S ALVSVAAG, SJ AMALDI, U AMATO, S ANDREAZZA, A ANDRIEUX, ML ANTILOGUS, P APEL, WD ARNOUD, Y ASMAN, B AUGUSTIN, JE AUGUSTINUS, A BAILLON, P BAMBADE, P BARAO, F BARATE, R BARBIELLINI, G BARDIN, DY BARKER, GJ BARONCELLI, A BARRING, O BARRIO, JA BARTL, W BATES, MJ BATTAGLIA, M BAUBILLIER, M BAUDOT, J BECKS, KH BEGALLI, M BEILLIERE, P BELOKOPYTOV, Y BENVENUTI, AC BERGGREN, M BERTRAND, D BIANCHI, F BIGI, M BILENKY, MS BILLOIR, P BLOCH, D BLUME, M BLYTH, S BOCCI, V BOLOGNESE, T BONESINI, M BONIVENTO, W BOOTH, PSL BORISOV, G BOSIO, C BOSWORTH, S BOTNER, O BOUDINOV, E BOUQUET, B BOURDARIOS, C BOWCOCK, TJV BOZZO, M BRNACHINI, P BRAND, KD BRENKE, T BRENNER, RA BRICMAN, C BRILLAULT, L BROWN, RCA BRUCKMAN, P BRUNET, JM BUGGE, L BURAN, T BURGSMUELLER, T BUSCHMANN, P BUYS, A CACCIA, M CALVI, M ROZAS, AJC CAMPORESI, T CANALE, V CANEPA, M CANKOCAK, K CAO, F CARENA, F CARRILHO, P CARROLL, L CASO, C GIMENEZ, MVC CATTAI, A CAVALLO, FR CERRITO, L CHABAUD, V CHAPKIN, M CHARPENTIER, P CHAUSSARD, L CHAUVEAU, J CHECCHIA, P CHELKOV, GA CHIERICI, R CHLIAPNIKOV, P CHOCHULA, P CHOROWICZ, V CINDRO, V COLLINS, P CONTRERAS, JL CONTRI, R CORTINA, E COSME, G COSSUTTI, F CRAWLEY, HB CRENNELL, D CROSETTI, G MAESTRO, JC CZELLAR, S DAHLJENSEN, E DAHM, J DALMAGNE, B DAM, M DAMGAARD, G DAUM, A DAUNCEY, PD DAVENPORT, M DASILVA, W DEFOIX, C DELLARICCA, G DELPIERRE, P DEMARIA, N DEANGELIS, A DEBOECK, H DEBOER, W DEBRABANDERE, S DECLERCQ, C DELAVAISSIERE, C DELOTTO, B DEMIN, A DEPAULA, L DESAINTJEAN, C DIJKSTRA, H DICIACCIO, L DJAMA, F DOLBEAU, J DONSZELMANN, M DOROBA, K DRACOS, M DREES, J DREES, KA DRIS, M DUFOUR, Y DUPONT, F EDSALL, D EHRET, R EIGEN, G EKELOF, T EKSPONG, G ELSING, M ENGEL, JP ERSHAIDAT, N ERZEN, B SANTO, ME FALK, E FASSOULIOTIS, D FEINDT, M FERRER, A FILIPPAS, TA FIRESTONE, A FISCHER, PA FOETH, H FOKITIS, E FONTANELLI, F FORMENTI, F FRANEK, B FRENKIEL, P FRIES, DC FRODESEN, AG FRUHWIRTH, R FULDAQUENZER, F FUSTER, J GALLONI, A GAMBA, D GANDELMAN, M GARCIA, C GARCIA, J GASPAR, C GASPARINI, U GAVILLET, P GAZIS, EN GELE, D GERBER, JP GIBBS, M GOKIELI, R GOLOB, B GOPAL, G GORN, L GORSKI, M GOUZ, Y GRACCO, Y GRAZIANI, E GROSDIDIER, G GUNNARSSON, P GUNTHER, M GUY, J HAEDINGER, U HAHN, F HAHN, M HAHN, S HAJDUK, Z HALLGREN, A HAMACHER, K HAO, W HARRIS, FJ HEDBERG, V HENRIQUES, R HERNANDEZ, JJ HERQUET, P HERR, H HESSING, TL HIGON, E HILKE, HJ HILL, TS HOLMGREN, SO HOLT, PJ HOLTHUIZEN, D HOULDEN, M HRUBEC, J HUET, K HULTQVIST, K IOANNOU, P JACKSON, JN JACOBSSON, R JALOCHA, P JANIK, R JARLSKOG, G JARRY, P JEANMARIE, B JOHANSSON, EK JONSSON, L JONSSON, P JORAM, C JUILLOT, P KAISER, M KAPUSTA, F KARLSSON, M KARVELAS, E KATSANEVAS, S KATSOUFIS, EC KERANEN, R KHOMENKO, BA KHOVANSKI, NN KING, B KJAER, NJ KLEIN, H KLOVNING, A KLUIT, P KOEHNE, JH KOENE, B KOKKINIAS, P KORATZINOS, M KOSTIOUKHINE, V KOURKOUMELIS, C KOUZNETSOV, O KRAMER, PH KRAMMER, M KREUTER, C KROLIKOWSKI, J KRONKVIST, I KRUMSTEIN, Z KRUPINSKI, W KUBINEC, P KUCEWICZ, W KURVINEN, K LACASTA, C LAKTINEH, I LAMBLOT, S LAMSA, JW LANCERI, L LANE, DW LANGEFELD, P LAPIN, V LAST, I LAUGIER, JP LAUHAKANGAS, R LEDROIT, F LEFEBURE, V LEGAN, CK LEITNER, R LEMOIGNE, Y LEMONNE, J LENZEN, G LEPELTIER, V LESIAK, T LIKO, D LINDNER, R LIPNIACKA, A LIPPI, I LOERSTAD, B LOKAJICEK, M LOKEN, JG LOPEZ, JM LOPEZFERNANDEZ, A AGUERA, MAL LOUKAS, D LUTZ, P LYONS, L MACNAUGHTON, J MAEHLUM, G MAIO, A MALYCHEV, V MANDL, F MARCO, J MARECHAL, B MARGONI, M MARIN, JC MARIOTTI, C MARKOU, A MARON, T MARTINEZRIVERO, C MARTINEZVIDAL, F GARCIA, SMI MARVIK, K MATORRAS, F MATTEUZZI, C MATTHIAE, G MAZZUCATO, M MCCUBBIN, M MCKAY, R MCNULTY, R MEDBO, J MERONI, C MEYER, WT MICHELOTTO, M MIGLIORE, E MIRABITO, L MITAROFF, WA MJOERNMARK, U MOA, T MOELLER, R MOENIG, K MONGE, MR MORETTINI, P MUELLER, H MUNDIM, LM MURRAY, WJ MURYN, B MYATT, G NARAGHI, F NAVARRIA, FL NAVAS, S NEGRI, P NEMECEK, S NEUMAN, W NEUMEISTER, N NICOLAIDOU, R NIELSEN, BS NIEUWENHUIZEN, M NIKOLAENKO, V NISS, P NOMEROTSKI, A NORMAND, A OBERSCHULTEBECKMANN, W OBRAZTSOV, V OLSHEVSKI, AG ORAVA, R OSTERBERG, K OURAOU, A PAGANINI, P PAGANONI, M PAGES, P PALKA, H PAPADOPOULOU, TD PAPE, L PARKES, C PARODI, F PASSERI, A PEGORARO, M PERALTA, L PERNEGGER, H PERNICKA, M PERROTTA, A PETRIDOU, C PETROLINI, A PHILLIPS, HT PIANA, G PIERRE, F PIMENTA, M PINDO, M PLASZCZYNSKI, S PODOBRIN, O POL, ME POLOK, G POROPAT, P POZDNIAKOV, V PREST, M PRIVITERA, P PUKHAEVA, N PULLIA, A RADOJICIC, D RAGAZZI, S RAHMANI, H RAMES, J RATOFF, PN READ, AL REALE, M REBECCHI, P REDAELLI, NG REGLER, M REID, D RENTON, PB RESVANIS, LK RICHARD, F RICHARDSON, J RIDKY, J RINAUDO, G RIPP, I ROMERO, A RONCAGLIOLO, I RONCHESE, P ROOS, L ROSENBERG, EI ROSSO, E ROUDEAU, P ROVELLI, T RUCKSTUHL, W RUHLMANNKLEIDER, V RUIZ, A RYBICKI, K SAARIKKO, H SACQUIN, Y SADOVSKY, A SAJOT, G SALT, J SANCHEZ, J SANNINO, M SCHNEIDER, H SCHYNS, MAE SCIOLLA, G SCURI, F SEDYKH, Y SEGAR, AM SEITZ, A SEKULIN, R SHELLARD, RC SICCAMA, I SIEGRIST, P SIMONETTI, S SIMONETTO, F SISAKIAN, AN SITAR, B SKAALI, TB SMADJA, G SMIRNOV, N SMIRNOVA, O SMITH, GR SOSNOWSKI, R SOUZASANTOS, D SPASSOV, T SPIRITI, E SPONHOLZ, P SQUARCIA, S STANESCU, C STAPNES, S STAVITSKI, I STEPANIAK, K STICHELBAUT, F STOCCHI, A STRAUSS, J STRUB, R STUGU, B SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M TABARELLI, T TAVERNET, JP TCHIKILEV, O TILQUIN, A TIMMERMANS, J TKATCHEV, LG TODOROV, T TOET, DZ TOMARADZE, A TOME, B TORTORA, L TRANSTROMER, G TREILLE, D TRISCHUK, W TRISTRAM, G TROMBINI, A TRONCON, C TSIROU, A TURLUER, ML TYAPKIN, IA TYNDEL, M TZAMARIAS, S UEBERSCHAER, B ULLALAND, O UVAROV, V VALENTI, G VALLAZZA, E VANDERVELDE, C VANAPELDOORN, GW VANDAM, P VANDONINCK, WK VANELDIK, J VASSILOPOULOS, N VEGNI, G VENTURA, L VENUS, W VERBEURE, F VERLATO, M VERTOGRADOV, LS VILANOVA, D VINCENT, P VITALE, L VLASOV, E VODOPYANOV, AS VRBA, V WAHLEN, H WALCK, C WEIERSTALL, M WEILHAMMER, P WETHERELL, AM WICKE, D WICKENS, JH WIELERS, M WILKINSON, GR WILLIAMS, WSC WINTER, M WITEK, M WOSCHNAGG, K YIP, K YUSHCHENKO, O ZACH, F ZACHARATOU, C ZAITSEV, A ZALEWSKA, A ZALEWSKI, P ZAVRTANIK, D ZEVGOLATAKOS, E ZIMIN, NI ZITO, M ZONTAR, D ZUBERI, R ZUCCHELLI, GC ZUMERLE, G TI UPPER LIMITS ON THE BRANCHING RATIOS TAU-]MU-GAMMA AND TAU-]E-GAMMA SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID DECAYS; LEPTON; SEARCH; MASS AB The DELPHI collaboration has searched for lepton flavour violating decays tau --> mu gamma and tau --> e gamma using a data sample of about 70 pb(-1) of integrated luminosity corresponding to 81 000 produced tau(+)tau(-) events. No candidates were found for either of the two modes. This yields branching ratio upper limits of B(tau --> e gamma) < 1.1 x 10(-4) and B(tau --> mu gamma) < 6.2 x 10(-5) at 90% confidence level. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV INSTELLING ANTWERP,DEPT PHYS,B-2610 WILRIJK,BELGIUM. ULB VUB,IIHE,B-1050 BRUSSELS,BELGIUM. UNIV ETAT MONS,FAC SCI,B-7000 MONS,BELGIUM. UNIV ATHENS,PHYS LAB,GR-10680 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV BERGEN,DEPT PHYS,N-5007 BERGEN,NORWAY. UNIV BOLOGNA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,BR-22290 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. PONTIFICIA UNIV CATOLICA RIO DE JANEIRO,DEPT FIS,BR-22453 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV ESTADUAL RIO DE JANEIRO,INST FIS,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. COMENIUS UNIV BRATISLAVA,DEPT MATH & PHYS,BRATISLAVA 84215,SLOVAKIA. COLL FRANCE,PHYS CORPUSCULAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75231 PARIS 05,FRANCE. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. UNIV STRASBOURG 1,CTR RECH NUCL,CNRS,IN2P3,F-67037 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. DEMOKRITOS NATL CTR SCI RES,INST NUCL PHYS,GR-15310 ATHENS,GREECE. ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL,INST PHYS,DIV HIGH ENERGY PHYS,FZU,CR-18040 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. UNIV GENOA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-16146 GENOA,ITALY. UNIV GRENOBLE 1,INST NUCL SCI,IN2P3,CNRS,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. SEFT,HIGH ENERGY PHYS RES INST,SF-00014 HELSINKI,FINLAND. JOINT INST NUCL RES DUBNA,MOSCOW 101000,RUSSIA. UNIV KARLSRUHE,INST EXPTL KERNPHYS,D-76128 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. INST NUCL PHYS,HIGH ENERGY PHYS LAB,PL-30055 KRAKOW 30,POLAND. UNIV PARIS 11,ACCELERATEUR LINEAIRE LAB,IN2P3,CNRS,F-91405 ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV LANCASTER,SCH PHYS & MAT,LANCASTER LA1 4YB,ENGLAND. UNIV LIVERPOOL,DEPT PHYS,LIVERPOOL L69 3BX,MERSEYSIDE,ENGLAND. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,IN2P3,CNRS,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT PHYS,S-22363 LUND,SWEDEN. UNIV LYON 1,IPNL,IN2P3,CNRS,F-69622 VILLEURBANNE,FRANCE. UNIV COMPLUTENSE MADRID,E-28040 MADRID,SPAIN. UNIV AIX MARSEILLE 2,CPP,CNRS,IN2P3,F-13288 MARSEILLE 09,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN 0,DENMARK. CHARLES UNIV,MFF,CTR NUCL,NC,CR-18000 PRAGUE 8,CZECH REPUBLIC. NIKHEF H,1009 DB AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. NATL TECH UNIV ATHENS,DEPT PHYS,GR-15773 ATHENS,GREECE. UNIV OSLO,DEPT PHYS,N-1000 OSLO 3,NORWAY. UNIV OVIEDO,DEPT FIS,E-33006 OVIEDO,SPAIN. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-00173 ROME,ITALY. CTR ETUD SACLAY,DSM,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,IST SUPER SANITA,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. UNIV CANTABRIA,CSIC,CEAFM,CICYT,E-39006 SANTANDER,SPAIN. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO,RUSSIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV STOCKHOLM,S-11385 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV TURIN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-10125 TURIN,ITALY. UNIV UDINE,IST FIS,I-33100 UDINE,ITALY. UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,ILHA FUNDAO,BR-21945970 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT RADIAT SCI,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. UNIV VALENCIA,DFAMN,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. UNIV VALENCIA,VALENCIA CSIC,IFIC,E-46100 BURJASSOT,SPAIN. OSTERR AKAD WISSENSCH,INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS,A-1050 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. INST NUCL STUDIES,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. UNIV WARSAW,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. BERG UNIV GESAMTHSCH WUPPERTAL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-42097 WUPPERTAL 1,GERMANY. RP ABREU, P (reprint author), FCUL,IST,LIP,AV ELIAS GARCIA 14-1O,P-1000 LISBON,PORTUGAL. RI Nomerotski, Andrei/A-5169-2010; Katsanevas, Stavros/A-4297-2011; Ruiz, Alberto/E-4473-2011; Hallgren, Allan/A-8963-2013; Krammer, Manfred/A-6508-2010; De Saint Jean, Cyrille/E-8853-2011; Shellard, Ronald/G-4825-2012; Petrolini, Alessandro/H-3782-2011; Fruhwirth, Rudolf/H-2529-2012; Andreazza, Attilio/E-5642-2011; Verlato, Marco/J-4604-2012; Dracos, Marcos/K-2335-2012; Botner, Olga/A-9110-2013; Michelotto, Michele/A-9571-2013; Mundim, Luiz/A-1291-2012; Zalewski, Piotr/H-7335-2013; Marti-Garcia, Salvador/F-3085-2011; Monge, Maria Roberta/G-9127-2012; Nemecek, Stanislav/G-5931-2014; Ridky, Jan/H-6184-2014; Tome, Bernardo/J-4410-2013; Fernandez, Ester/K-9734-2014; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/L-2341-2014; Pimenta, Mario/M-1741-2013; gandelman, miriam/N-3739-2014; Matorras, Francisco/I-4983-2015; Ferrer, Antonio/H-2942-2015; Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; Rovelli, Tiziano/K-4432-2015; Smirnova, Oxana/A-4401-2013; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/B-6826-2013; Olshevskiy, Alexander/I-1580-2016; Rames, Jiri/H-2450-2014; Paganoni, Marco/A-4235-2016; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/K-7255-2014; Abreu, Pedro/L-2220-2014; Barao, Fernando/O-2357-2016; Navas, Sergio/N-4649-2014; Barrio, Juan/L-3227-2014; Zaitsev, Alexandre/B-8989-2017 OI Ruiz, Alberto/0000-0002-3639-0368; Krammer, Manfred/0000-0003-2257-7751; Shellard, Ronald/0000-0002-2983-1815; Petrolini, Alessandro/0000-0003-0222-7594; Andreazza, Attilio/0000-0001-5161-5759; Verlato, Marco/0000-0003-1967-7655; Dracos, Marcos/0000-0003-0514-193X; Michelotto, Michele/0000-0001-6644-987X; Mundim, Luiz/0000-0001-9964-7805; Monge, Maria Roberta/0000-0003-1633-3195; Ridky, Jan/0000-0001-6697-1393; Tome, Bernardo/0000-0002-7564-8392; Espirito Santo, Maria Catarina/0000-0003-1286-7288; Pimenta, Mario/0000-0002-2590-0908; Matorras, Francisco/0000-0003-4295-5668; Ferrer, Antonio/0000-0003-0532-711X; Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; Rovelli, Tiziano/0000-0002-9746-4842; Smirnova, Oxana/0000-0003-2517-531X; Della Ricca, Giuseppe/0000-0003-2831-6982; Olshevskiy, Alexander/0000-0002-8902-1793; Paganoni, Marco/0000-0003-2461-275X; Contreras Gonzalez, Jose Luis/0000-0001-7282-2394; Abreu, Pedro/0000-0002-9973-7314; Barao, Fernando/0000-0002-8346-9941; Navas, Sergio/0000-0003-1688-5758; Barrio, Juan/0000-0002-0965-0259; Zaitsev, Alexandre/0000-0002-4961-8368 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 12 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 3-4 BP 411 EP 421 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01045-R PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RZ314 UT WOS:A1995RZ31400027 ER PT J AU HURLBURT, PK MILLER, RL ABNEY, KD FOREMAN, TM BUTCHER, RJ KINKEAD, SA AF HURLBURT, PK MILLER, RL ABNEY, KD FOREMAN, TM BUTCHER, RJ KINKEAD, SA TI NEW SYNTHETIC ROUTES TO B-HALOGENATED DERIVATIVES OF COBALT DICARBOLLIDE SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CARBORANE; CHEMISTRY; COMPLEXES; ANIONS; CESIUM AB The synthesis and characterization of the B(10),B(10')-dihalogenated metallocarboranes [Co(10-X-7,8-C2B9H10)(2)](-), where X = Cl or Br, are reported. The C-2h symmetry of these diamagnetic Co(III) compounds allows straightforward identification using B-11 and B-11{H-1} NMR. The compound [(CH3)(4)N][Co(7,8-C2B9H11)(2)] reacts in acidic NaOCl/HCl(aq) to form the dichlorinated derivative [(CH3)(4)N][Co(10-Cl-7,8-C2B9H10)(2)]. Reaction of [(CH3)(3)NH][Co(7,8-C2B9H11)(2)] with N-chlorosuccinimide or N-bromosuccinimide in THF affords the dihalogenated derivatives [(CH3)(3)NH][Co(10-Cl-7,8-C2B9H10)(2)] and [(CH3)(3)NH][Co(10-Br-7,8-C2B9H10)(2)], respectively. Reaction of [(CH3)(3)NH][Co(7,8-C2B9H11)(2)] with Cl-2/Fe or Br-2 in THF also gives the dihalogenated derivatives [(CH3)3-NH] [Co(10-Cl,7,8-C2B9H10)(2)] and [(CH3)3NH][Co(10-Br,7,8-C2B9H10)(2)], respectively. [PPN][Co(10-Cl,7,8-C2B9H10)(2)] (PPN = bis(triphenylphosphine)nitrogen(1+)) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, with a = 31.267(5) Angstrom, b = 9.0190(10) Angstrom, c = 18.706(3) Angstrom, beta = 116.970(0)degrees, V = 4701.8(15) Angstrom(3), Z = 4, and R = = 0.054. The structure was determined by X-ray crystallography using 6830 independent reflections. RP HURLBURT, PK (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chamberlin, Rebecca/A-1335-2011 OI Chamberlin, Rebecca/0000-0001-6468-7778 NR 29 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD OCT 11 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 21 BP 5215 EP 5219 DI 10.1021/ic00125a021 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA RZ398 UT WOS:A1995RZ39800021 ER PT J AU CHRISTIANSEN, J TITTSWORTH, RC HALES, BJ CRAMER, SP AF CHRISTIANSEN, J TITTSWORTH, RC HALES, BJ CRAMER, SP TI FE AND MO EXAFS OF AZOTOBACTER-VINELANDII NITROGENASE IN PARTIALLY OXIDIZED AND SINGLY REDUCED FORMS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; IRON-MOLYBDENUM COFACTOR; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE NITROGENASE; STEADY-STATE KINETICS; SYNTHETIC ANALOGS; ELECTRON-TRANSFER; EPR SPECTROSCOPY; ACTIVE-SITE; P-CLUSTERS; PROTEIN AB Fe and Mo K-edge EXAFS spectra of the nitrogenase MoFe protein in the indigo disulfonate (IDS) oxidized form and under slow turnover conditions have been recorded. The EXAFS of the one-electron reduced form E(1) was obtained as a difference spectrum between the slow turnover and resting (Eo) spectra. Average Fe-S, Fe-Fe, and Fe-Mo distances of 2.33, 2.60, and 2.66 Angstrom, respectively, along with a second Fe-Fe distance at 3.72 Angstrom were found for E(1). The IDS-oxidized MoFe protein contains partially oxidized ''P-clusters''. For this sample, average Fe-S, Fe-Fe, and Fe-Mo interactions at 2.31, 2.65, and 2.71 Angstrom, respectively, were found along with the long Fe-Fe interaction at 3.74 Angstrom. Combination of the current results with previous data on resting and thionin-oxidized nitrogenase shows a general trend--a significant number of the metal-metal distances tend to contract as the enzyme becomes more reduced. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 64 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 11 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 40 BP 10017 EP 10024 DI 10.1021/ja00145a012 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RZ838 UT WOS:A1995RZ83800012 ER PT J AU ZEMVA, B LUTAR, K CHACON, L FELEBEUERMANN, M ALLMAN, J SHEN, C BARTLETT, N AF ZEMVA, B LUTAR, K CHACON, L FELEBEUERMANN, M ALLMAN, J SHEN, C BARTLETT, N TI THERMODYNAMICALLY UNSTABLE FLUORIDES OF NICKEL - NIF4 AND NIF3 SYNTHESES AND SOME PROPERTIES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ORDERED MAGNETIC FRUSTRATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BINARY FLUORIDES; FORM; TRIFLUORIDE; FEF3 AB F- accepters (BF3, AsF5, SbF5, or BiF5) added to solutions of NiF62- salts in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride (aHF) below -65 degrees C precipitate the tan solid NiF4. This solid, preserved at less than or equal to-65 degrees C, is quantitatively converted, by 2 equiv of F- donor (XeF6 or KF) in aHF, to dissolved NiF62-. Dry NiF4 loses F-2 above -60 degrees C, the decomposition to nearly black NiF3 becoming rapid at similar to 0 degrees C. When the dry NiF4 is prepared from K2NiF6, inclusion of some K+ leads, on thermolysis at 0 degrees C, to a pyrochlore form of NiF3 (P-NiF3). P-NiF3 contains K+ in the open channels, with KxNiF3, x approximate to 0.1. The nearly cubic P-NiF3 unit cell is rhombohedral: a(0) = 9.933(3) Angstrom, alpha = 91.01(3)degrees, V = 980 Angstrom(3), z = 16, with absent reflections coincident with those of the cubic space group O-h(7)-Fd3m, appropriate for pyrochlore. Decomposition of NiF4 in aHF begins at -65 degrees C and is rapid at 0 degrees C, giving black rhombohedral NiF3 (R-NiF3) with a(0) = 5.168(2) Angstrom, alpha = 55.46(3)degrees, V = 87.3 Angstrom(3), z = 2. When the NiF4 is made and decomposed at similar to 20 degrees C, with Kf present, a hexagonal tungsten bronze form of NiF3 is precipated (H-NiF3), with a(0) = 7.074(6) Angstrom, c(0) = 7.193(6) Angstrom, V = 312 Angstrom(3), z = 6. R- and H-NiF3 can also be made by mixing solutions of Ni2+ salts [e.g., Ni(AsF6)(2)] With NiF62- salts (e.g. K2NiF6) in aHF. All forms of the trifluoride (R, H, and P) lose F-2 on warming (R > 39 degrees, H > 72 degrees and P > 138 degrees C) to yield NiF2, but an intermediate red-brown phase is observed for R-NiF3. R-NiF3 at similar to 20 degrees C, oxidizes Xe to Xe(VI), perfluoropropene, C3F6, to perfluoropropane, C3F8, and solid LiCl with incandescence. H-NiF3 and P-NiF3 interact similarly but less energetically. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61111,SLOVENIA. NR 47 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD OCT 11 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 40 BP 10025 EP 10034 DI 10.1021/ja00145a013 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RZ838 UT WOS:A1995RZ83800013 ER PT J AU MCATEER, K ELLIS, PD KENNEDY, MA AF MCATEER, K ELLIS, PD KENNEDY, MA TI THE EFFECTS OF SEQUENCE CONTEXT ON BASE DYNAMICS AT TPA STEPS IN DNA STUDIED BY NMR SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TRP OPERATOR; PRIBNOW BOX; CONFORMATIONAL TRANSITIONS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROMOTER; SITE; CONSTRAINTS; CURVATURE AB Base dynamics, heretofore observed only at TpA steps in DNA, were investigated as a function of sequence context by NMR spectroscopy, The large amplitude conformational dynamics have been previously observed in T(n)A(n) segments where n greater than or equal to 2. In order to determine whether the dynamic characteristics occur in more general sequence contexts, we examined four self-complementary DNA sequences, [d(CTTTA-NATNTAAAG)(2)] (where N=A, C, T, G and N=complement of N). The anomalous broadening of the TpA adenine H2 resonance which is indicative of large amplitude base motion was observed in all nine unique four nucleotide contexts. Furthermore, all the adenine H2 resonances experienced a linewidth maximum as a function of temperature, which is a characteristic of the dynamic process, Interestingly, the temperature of the linewidth maximum varied with sequence indicating that the thermodynamics of TpA base dynamics are also sequence dependent. In one example, neither a T preceding nor an A trailing the TpA step was required for base dynamics. These results show that base dynamics, heretofore observed in only a few isolated sequences, occurs at all TpA steps which are either preceded or followed by a thymine or adenine, respectively, and may be characteristic of all TpA steps in DNA notwithstanding sequence context. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB P755, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD OCT 11 PY 1995 VL 23 IS 19 BP 3962 EP 3966 DI 10.1093/nar/23.19.3962 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA TC240 UT WOS:A1995TC24000024 PM 7479043 ER PT J AU PALMER, EL GEWIESS, A HARP, JM YORK, MH BUNICK, GJ AF PALMER, EL GEWIESS, A HARP, JM YORK, MH BUNICK, GJ TI LARGE-SCALE PRODUCTION OF PALINDROME DNA FRAGMENTS SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE; BACTERIOPHAGE-LAMBDA; SUPERCOILED DNA; PLASMID PBR322; PROPAGATION; REPLICATION; SPECIFICITY; RESOLUTION; SEQUENCES; INVIVO AB Our structural studies of nucleosomes necessitated the production of over 100 mg of a 146-bp perfect palindrome DNA for use in the reconstitution of perfectly symmetrical nucleosome core particles for detailed Xray crystallographic analysis. The propagation of palindromic DNA sequences by bacterial culture is hindered by the instability of these sequences during bacterial replication and recombination. While the loss of some palindrome sequences can be eliminated by the use of sbcB or sbcC mutants of Escherichia coli, not all palindrome-containing plasmids are faithfully maintained by these strains. The production of large quantities of palindrome DNA can therefore be extremely difficult. After trying several approaches, we were able to develop a reliable procedure for production of large quantities of palindrome DNA that involves production of plasmid containing multiple copies of the repeating unit of the palindrome which are isolated by restriction digestion and ligated in vitro to form the palindrome DNA. The procedure has resulted in the production of over 20 mg of a 146-bp DNA fragment in 2 weeks. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV BIOL, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-29818] NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 EI 1096-0309 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 231 IS 1 BP 109 EP 114 DI 10.1006/abio.1995.1509 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA RZ602 UT WOS:A1995RZ60200015 PM 8678288 ER PT J AU JEDAMZIK, K FULLER, GM AF JEDAMZIK, K FULLER, GM TI NUCLEOSYNTHESIS IN THE PRESENCE OF PRIMORDIAL ISOCURVATURE BARYON FLUCTUATIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMOLOGY, THEORY; EARLY UNIVERSE; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE; NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES ID DARK-MATTER; MODEL; UNIVERSE; STARS; COSMOLOGY; EVOLUTION AB We study big bang nucleosynthesis in the presence of large mass scale, nonlinear entropy fluctuations. Overdense regions, with masses above the local baryon Jeans mass, are expected to collapse and form condensed objects. Surviving nucleosynthesis products therefore tend to originate from underdense regions. We compute expected survival light-element (H-2, He-3, He-4, and Li-7) abundance yields for a variety of stochastic fluctuation spectra. In general, we find that spectra with significant power in fluctuations on mass scales below that of the local baryon Jeans mass (similar to 10(5) M.) produce nucleosynthesis yields which are in conflict with observationally inferred primordial abundances. Only when this small-scale structure is absent or suppressed, and the collapse efficiency of overdense regions is high, can there exist a range of fluctuation spectral characteristics which concievably could meet all primordial abundance constraints. Even then, the primordial abundance of Li-7 would have to be larger than Li-7/H approximate to 3 x 10(-10). In such models, abundance constraints could be met even when the precollapse baryonic fraction of the closure density is Omega(b) approximate to 0.2 h(-2) (h is the Hubble parameter in units of 100 km s(-1) Mpc(-1)). Nucleosynthesis in these models is characterized by high H-2/H and low He-4 mass fraction relative to a homogeneous big bang at a given value of Omega(b) h(2). A potentially observable signature of these models is the production of intrinsic primordial abundance variations on baryon mass scales up to 10(10)-10(12) M.. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP JEDAMZIK, K (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 52 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 452 IS 1 BP 33 EP 61 DI 10.1086/176278 PN 1 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RX157 UT WOS:A1995RX15700004 ER PT J AU HAWKINS, GW SKINNER, CJ MEIXNER, MM JERNIGAN, JG ARENS, JF KETO, E GRAHAM, JR AF HAWKINS, GW SKINNER, CJ MEIXNER, MM JERNIGAN, JG ARENS, JF KETO, E GRAHAM, JR TI DISCOVERY OF AN EXTENDED NEBULA AROUND AFGL-2343 (HD-179821) AT 10 MICRONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE INFRARED, ISM, CONTINUUM; ISM, INDIVIDUAL (AFGL 2343); STARS, INDIVIDUAL (HD 179821); STARS, MASS LOSS; SUPERGIANTS ID MASS-LOSS; PLANETARY-NEBULAE; STARS; DUST; EMISSION; HD-161796; OBJECTS; GAS AB We present images at 8.5, 10.5, and 12.5 mu m which reveal that AFGL 2343 (HD 179821) is surrounded by a dusty nebula 4 ''-5 '' in diameter at 10.5 and 12.5 mu m. This G5 Ia supergiant has long been suspected of having a detached dusty envelope because of its optical brightness and large IR excess. The nebula is ringlike and slightly elongated, with bright patches or clumps to the northeast. An 8.5 mu m image is dominated by the photosphere of the central star, which also appears to a lesser extent in the 10.5 and 12.5 mu m images. A full radiative transfer model of the nebula correctly predicts the observed inner (1 ''.1) and outer (1 ''.9) radii of the shell and the spectral energy distribution of the shell. With the aid of this model, we find that AFGL 2343 is almost certainly an extremely massive star at a distance of about 6 kpc, which has recently undergone an enormous mass-loss event, during which M = 10(-2) M. yr(-1), while the current mass-loss rate is less than 2 x 10(-6) M. yr(-1). C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,EXPTL ASTROPHYS LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ASTRON,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HAWKINS, GW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANTARY PHYS,POB 808,L-413,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 26 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 452 IS 1 BP 314 EP 322 DI 10.1086/176303 PN 1 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RX157 UT WOS:A1995RX15700029 ER PT J AU SPIELMANN, HP DWYER, TJ HEARST, JE WEMMER, DE AF SPIELMANN, HP DWYER, TJ HEARST, JE WEMMER, DE TI SOLUTION STRUCTURES OF PSORALEN MONOADDUCTED AND CROSS-LINKED DNA OLIGOMERS BY NMR-SPECTROSCOPY AND RESTRAINED MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; ESTER BACKBONE FLEXIBILITY; NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION REPAIR; T7 RNA-POLYMERASE; (A)BC EXCINUCLEASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PHOTOCHEMICAL INACTIVATION; ELONGATION COMPLEXES; ACID PHOTOREACTION; PHOTOADDITION AB We have used two-dimensional H-1 NMR spectroscopy to determine the solution structures of the 4'-(hydroxymethyl)-4,5',8-trimethylpsoralen (HMT) furanside mono adducted (MAf) and the photoisomeric HMT interstrand cross-linked (XL) DNA oligonucleotide d(5'-GCGTACGC-3')(2). The determination of the structure was based on total relaxation matrix analysis of the NOESY cross-peak intensities using the program MARDIGRAS. Improved procedures to consider the experimental ''noise'' in NOESY spectra during these calculations have been employed. The NOE-derived distance restraints were applied in restrained molecular dynamics calculations. Twenty final structures each were generated for both the MAf and XL from both A-form and B-form dsDNA starting structures. The root-mean-square (rms) deviations of the coordinates for the 40 structures for the MAf and XL were 1.12 and 1.10 Angstrom, respectively. The rmsd of the MAf with respect to the XL is 2.20 Angstrom. The local DNA structure is distorted in both adducts, with the helix unwound by 34 degrees and 25 degrees for the MAf and XL, respectively, and an overall helical repeat of 11 base pairs, caused by intercalation of the HMT. The MAf is a photochemical intermediate on the path to interstrand XL. Considerable local structural distortion is induced by both adducts, but the DNA returns to B-form structure within three base pairs ofthe damage site. There is no significant bend in the helix axis of either the MAf or the XL. We have evaluated the accuracy of the two major methods of converting NOESY data into interproton distances, the isolated spin-pair approximation (ISPA) and the complete relaxation rate matrix analysis (RMA). Both methods were evaluated by comparing the resulting calculated interproton distances generated to known covalently fixed distances in the HMT. The overall structures were evaluated by checking their agreement with biophysical evidence from non-NMR techniques. Only the modified RMA method gave correct interproton distances. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-14966, GM-43219] NR 80 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 40 BP 12937 EP 12953 DI 10.1021/bi00040a004 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA RZ752 UT WOS:A1995RZ75200004 PM 7548052 ER PT J AU AKSOY, S BRANDRIFF, BF WARD, A LITTLE, PFR WEINSHILBOUM, RM AF AKSOY, S BRANDRIFF, BF WARD, A LITTLE, PFR WEINSHILBOUM, RM TI HUMAN NICOTINAMIDE N-METHYLTRANSFERASE GENE - MOLECULAR-CLONING, STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION AND CHROMOSOMAL LOCALIZATION SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; PHARMACOGENETICS; INHERITANCE AB Genomic DNA clones for nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT), an enzyme that catalyzes drug and xenobiotic metabolism, were isolated from a human chromosome 11-specific DNA library. Study of one of those clones, when combined with PCR-based experiments performed with human genomic DNA, made it possible to determine the structure of the human NNMT gene. The gene was approximately 16.5 kb in length and consisted of 3 exons and 2 introns. Transcription initiation for the NNMT gene occurred 105-109 nucleotides 5'-upstream from the cDNA translation initiation codon on the basis of the results of both primer extension and 5'-rapid amplification of cDNA ends. NNMT mapped to chromosome band 11q23.1 by fluorescence in situ hybridization. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN,MAYO MED SCH,DEPT PHARMACOL,ROCHESTER,MN 55905. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,DEPT BIOCHEM,LONDON SW7 2AZ,ENGLAND. RI Little, Peter. F.R./C-9971-2009 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM35720, R01 GM28157] NR 29 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 555 EP 561 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA TA966 UT WOS:A1995TA96600001 PM 8575745 ER PT J AU HOBSON, GM KRAHE, R GARCIA, E SICILIANO, MJ FUNANAGE, VL AF HOBSON, GM KRAHE, R GARCIA, E SICILIANO, MJ FUNANAGE, VL TI REGIONAL CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENTS FOR 4 MEMBERS OF THE MADS DOMAIN TRANSCRIPTION ENHANCER FACTOR-2 (MEF2) GENE FAMILY TO HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES 15Q26, 19P12, 5Q14 AND 1Q12-Q23 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID YEAST ARTIFICIAL CHROMOSOMES; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; SOMATIC-CELL HYBRIDS; BINDING FACTOR MEF-2; HUMAN GENOME; REGULATORY ELEMENTS; PROMOTER; BRAIN; DNA; IDENTIFICATION AB The MEF2 genes belong to the MADS box family of transcription factors and encode proteins that bind as homo- and heterodimers to a consensus CTA(T/A)(4)TAG/A sequence, which is present in the regulatory regions of numerous muscle-specific and growth in ducible genes. Sequence analysis of human MEF2 cDNA clones suggests that they arose from alternatively spliced transcripts of four different genes, termed MEF2A-D. We have mapped the MEF2 genes to human chromosomal regions by identifying unique sequences in the MEF2 cDNA clones and using these sequences as PCR primers on the DNA of human-ro dent hybrid clone panels that are informative for different regions of the human genome. PCR primers were also used to identify individual YAC clones for two of the genes, MEF2A and MEF2C, and a PCR product was used to identify cosmid clones for MEF2B. Genetic and physical mapping information available from genome databases on markers contained within YAC and cosmid clones provided independent assignments for those genes. Inter-Alu PCR painting probes of YAC clones were used as probes for high resolution chromosomal regional assignment by fluorescence in situ hybridization. The localization of MEF2A to chromosome 15q26, MEF2B to 19p12, MEF2C to 5q14, and MEF2D to 1q12-q23 verifies the existence of at least four distinct loci for members of this gene family. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT MOLEC GENET,HOUSTON,TX 77030. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP HOBSON, GM (reprint author), ALFRED I DUPONT INST,DEPT MED CELL BIOL,NEMOURS RES PROGRAMS,POB 269,WILMINGTON,DE 19899, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA34936] NR 37 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 29 IS 3 BP 704 EP 711 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA TA966 UT WOS:A1995TA96600019 PM 8575763 ER PT J AU VANKEKEN, PE GABLE, CW AF VANKEKEN, PE GABLE, CW TI THE INTERACTION OF A PLUME WITH A RHEOLOGICAL BOUNDARY - A COMPARISON BETWEEN 2-DIMENSIONAL AND 3-DIMENSIONAL MODELS SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID HARD-TURBULENT REGIME; MANTLE CONVECTION; DIAPIRIC FLOWS; CREEP LAWS; PLATES; DEPTH AB The discrete nature of volcanic hot spot chains, whose origin is believed to be related to mantle plumes, is suggestive that the plumes feeding them may be pulsating. A possible origin of the pulsations is the interaction of mantle plumes with a theological interface in the transition zone. We have studied the time-dependent, three-dimensional interaction of an upwelling mantle plume with a theological interface that separates a Newtonian lower mantle from a Newtonian upper mantle with rt,lower viscosity. Previous two-dimensional (2-D) work demonstrates that when a hot plume enters a non-Newtonian layer with lower viscosity, the hot material is carried from the interface in pulsating, diapiric events. A purely Newtonian analog to this model mimics this behavior in a qualitative manner if the viscosity contrast across the interface is larger than 2 orders of magnitude. In this work, we have used this Newtonian model to make three-dimensional (3-D) modeling feasible. A combined spectral/finite difference code has been employed to solve the 2-D and 3-D convection equations in Cartesian coordinates, We have varied the Rayleigh number (scaled to the constant viscosity of the lower mantle) between 10(4) and 10(5) and the viscosity contrast of the layers between 10 and 1000. In 2-D situations with low viscosity contrasts, a plume thins in a steady state fashion as it enters the upper layer. At moderate and higher viscosity contrasts (above 50), the plume shows a pulsating behavior. This transition fi om ''thinning'' to ''pulsating'' is found to be strongly dependent on viscosity contrast and only moderately dependent on Rayleigh number. The frequency of the pulsations is linearly dependent on Rayleigh number and viscosity contrast. In three dimensions, the plume thins less and is therefore less susceptible to disruption by shear and the plume moves through the upper layer in a steady state fashion. This disappearance of pulsating behavior in three dimensions indicates a case where conclusions about plume dynamics in two dimensions do not apply to 3-D situations. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP VANKEKEN, PE (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN, DEPT GEOL SCI, 2534 CC LITTLE BLDG, ANN ARBOR, MI 48109 USA. RI Gable, Carl/B-4689-2011 NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 100 IS B10 BP 20291 EP 20302 DI 10.1029/95JB01152 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RZ312 UT WOS:A1995RZ31200021 ER PT J AU WEILAND, CM STECK, LK DAWSON, PB KORNEEV, VA AF WEILAND, CM STECK, LK DAWSON, PB KORNEEV, VA TI NONLINEAR TELESEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY AT LONG VALLEY CALDERA, USING 3-DIMENSIONAL MINIMUM TRAVEL-TIME RAY-TRACING SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article ID COMPRESSIONAL WAVE VELOCITY; UPPER CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; EASTERN CALIFORNIA; ATTENUATION STRUCTURE; INVERSION; ANOMALIES; 3-D; OPTIMIZATION; LITHOSPHERE; REGION AB We explore the impact of three-dimensional minimum travel time ray tracing on nonlinear teleseismic inversion. This problem has particular significance when trying to image strongly contrasting low-velocity bodies, such as magma chambers, because strongly refracted and/or diffracted rays may precede the direct P wave arrival traditionally used in straight-ray seismic tomography. We use a simplex-based ray tracer to compute the three-dimensional, minimum travel time ray paths and employ an iterative inversion technique to cope with nonlinearity. Results from synthetic data show that our algorithm results in better model reconstructions compared with traditional straight-ray inversions, We reexamine the teleseismic data collected at Long Valley caldera by the U.S. Geological Survey. The most prominent feature of our result is a 25-30% low-velocity zone centered at 11.5 km depth beneath the northwestern quadrant of the caldera. Beneath this at a depth of 24.5 km is a more diffuse 15% low-velocity zone. In general, the low velocities tend to deepen to the south and east, We interpret the shallow feature to be the residual Long Valley caldera magma chamber, while the deeper feature may represent basaltic magmas ponded in the midcrust. The deeper position of the prominent low-velocity region in comparison to earlier tomographic images is a result of using three-dimensional rays rather than straight rays in our ray tracing. The magnitude of our low-velocity anomaly is a factor of similar to 3 times larger than earlier models from linear arrival time inversions and is consistent with models based on observations of ray bending at sites within the caldera. Our results imply the presence of anywhere from 7 to 100% partial melt beneath the caldera. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, GEOENGN GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA. US GEOL SURVEY, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP WEILAND, CM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT GEOL, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. NR 40 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 100 IS B10 BP 20379 EP 20390 DI 10.1029/95JB01147 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RZ312 UT WOS:A1995RZ31200028 ER PT J AU DRAKE, J FOSTER, I AF DRAKE, J FOSTER, I TI PARALLEL COMPUTING IN CLIMATE AND WEATHER MODELING SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP DRAKE, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Foster, Ian/A-1357-2007 OI Foster, Ian/0000-0003-2129-5269 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1537 EP 1537 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(95)00034-2 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TJ313 UT WOS:A1995TJ31300001 ER PT J AU DRAKE, J FOSTER, I AF DRAKE, J FOSTER, I TI PARALLEL COMPUTING IN CLIMATE AND WEATHER MODELING - INTRODUCTION SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE CLIMATE MODELING; WEATHER MODELING; GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL AB In this introduction to the special issue on 'Parallel computing in climate and weather modeling', we review the historical development of computer models of the weather and climate system, and the application of novel, high performance parallel computing technologies to the execution of these models. We also provide some context for the articles that follow by summarizing the structure of typical models and the numerical methods used to implement them. Finally, we describe the eight articles in the special issue, and outline challenges that must be addressed in future research. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP DRAKE, J (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,BLDG 6012,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Foster, Ian/A-1357-2007 OI Foster, Ian/0000-0003-2129-5269 NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1539 EP 1544 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(95)00035-4 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TJ313 UT WOS:A1995TJ31300002 ER PT J AU DRAKE, J FOSTER, I MICHALAKES, J TOONEN, B WORLEY, P AF DRAKE, J FOSTER, I MICHALAKES, J TOONEN, B WORLEY, P TI DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF A SCALABLE PARALLEL COMMUNITY CLIMATE MODEL SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELING; CLIMATE MODELING; MESSAGE PASSING; SPECTRAL TRANSFORM; SEMI-LAGRANGIAN TRANSPORT ID SPECTRAL TRANSFORM METHOD AB We describe the design of a parallel global atmospheric circulation model, PCCM2. This parallel model is functionally equivalent to the National Center for Atmospheric Research's Community Climate Model, CCM2, but is structured to exploit distributed memory multicomputers. PCCM2 incorporates parallel spectral transform, semi-Lagrangian transport, and load balancing algorithms. We present detailed performance results on the IBM SP2 and Intel Paragon. These results provide insights into the scalability of the individual parallel algorithms and of the parallel model as a whole. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 33 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1571 EP 1591 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(96)80001-9 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TJ313 UT WOS:A1995TJ31300004 ER PT J AU WEHNER, MF MIRIN, AA ELTGROTH, PG DANNEVIK, WP MECHOSO, CR FARRARA, KD SPAHR, JA AF WEHNER, MF MIRIN, AA ELTGROTH, PG DANNEVIK, WP MECHOSO, CR FARRARA, KD SPAHR, JA TI PERFORMANCE OF A DISTRIBUTED-MEMORY FINITE-DIFFERENCE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; MIMD PARALLEL COMPUTERS; DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION ID EQUATIONS AB A new version of the UCLA atmospheric general circulation model suitable for massively parallel computer architectures has been developed. This paper presents the principles for the code's design and examines performance on a variety of distributed memory computers. A two dimensional domain decomposition strategy is used to achieve parallelism and is implemented by message passing. This parallel algorithm is shown to scale favorably as the number of processors is increased. In the fastest configuration, performance roughly equivalent to that of multitasking vector supercomputers is achieved. C1 UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES, DEPT ATMOSPHER SCI, LOS ANGELES, CA 90024 USA. RP WEHNER, MF (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, CLIMATE SYST MODELING GRP, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 18 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1655 EP 1675 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(96)80003-2 PG 21 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TJ313 UT WOS:A1995TJ31300008 ER PT J AU JONES, PW KERR, CL HEMLER, RS AF JONES, PW KERR, CL HEMLER, RS TI PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS IN DEVELOPMENT OF A PARALLEL SKYHI GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; CLIMATE MODELING; SHARED-MEMORY PARALLEL COMPUTING; MESSAGE PASSING; SPECTRAL TRANSFORM AB We have developed a parallel version of the SKYHI atmospheric general circulation model. The new parallel model has been designed for shared and distributed memory machines that support data parallel, message passing or worksharing programming paradigms. The newly developed model has a framework that makes the code easier to understand, maintain, and modify, increasing the model's flexibility and scientific productivity. Numerous model changes are described (code design, programming models, language choice, data decomposition, communications, table lookups, memory management, and i/o) that were necessary to develop the model. The performance and verification of the model is described on several systems including a shared-memory machine with high-level worksharing and a distributed-memory system with a data parallel programming paradigm. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,NOAA,GEOPHYS FLUID DYNAM LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08542. RP JONES, PW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T-3 MS B216,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1677 EP 1694 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(96)80004-4 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TJ313 UT WOS:A1995TJ31300009 ER PT J AU BLECK, R DEAN, S OKEEFE, M SAWDEY, A AF BLECK, R DEAN, S OKEEFE, M SAWDEY, A TI A COMPARISON OF DATA-PARALLEL AND MESSAGE-PASSING VERSIONS OF THE MIAMI ISOPYCNIC COORDINATE OCEAN MODEL (MICOM) SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE OCEAN GENERAL CIRCULATION MODELING; CLIMATE MODELING; DATA PARALLELISM; MESSAGE PASSING AB A two-pronged effort to convert a recently developed ocean circulation model written in Fortran-77 for execution on massively parallel computers is described. A data-parallel version was developed for the CM-5 manufactured by Thinking Machines, Inc., while a message-passing version was developed for both the Gray T3D and the Silicon Graphics ONYX workstation. Since the time differentiation scheme in the ocean model is fully explicit and does not require solution of elliptic partial differential equations, adequate machine utilization has been achieved without major changes to the original algorithms. We developed a partitioning strategy for the message passing version that significantly reduces memory requirements and increases model speed. On a per-node basis (a T3D node is one Alpha processor, a CM-5 node is one Spare chip and four vector units), the T3D and CM-5 are found to execute our ''large'' model version consisting of 511 x 511 horizontal mesh points at roughly the same speed. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. RP BLECK, R (reprint author), UNIV MIAMI,ROSENSTIEL SCH MARINE & ATMOSPHER SCI,4600 RICKENBACKER CAUSEWAY,MIAMI,FL 33149, USA. NR 8 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1695 EP 1720 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(95)00043-3 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA TJ313 UT WOS:A1995TJ31300010 ER PT J AU FISHER, RA GORDON, JE REKLIS, SF WRIGHT, DA EMERSON, JP WOODFIELD, BF MCCARRON, EM PHILLIPS, NE AF FISHER, RA GORDON, JE REKLIS, SF WRIGHT, DA EMERSON, JP WOODFIELD, BF MCCARRON, EM PHILLIPS, NE TI MAGNETIC-FIELD DEPENDENCE OF THE LOW-TEMPERATURE SPECIFIC-HEAT OF SOME HIGH-T-C COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS - EVIDENCE FOR AN (HT)-T-1/2 CONTRIBUTION IN THE MIXED-STATE SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; VOLUME FRACTION; YBA2CU3O7; CAPACITY; TRANSITION; STANDARD; PHASES; VORTEX; ORIGIN; NODES AB Measurements of the magnetic-field dependence of the low-temperature specific heat of YBa2Cu3O7 and Ca and Sr doped La2CuO4 are reviewed, with an emphasis on recent measurements on a YBa2Cu3O7 sample in a number of applied magnetic fields (H) between 0 and 7 T at temperatures (T) between similar to 0.4 and 10 K. The major field-dependent components of the specific heat of that sample are a T proportional term and a contribution attributed to Cu2+ magnetic moments. In contrast with most earlier results, or their interpretation, the T proportional term is not linear in H. Within the experimental uncertainty it agrees with the (HT)-T-1/2 dependence predicted by Volovik for a superconductor with lines of nodes in the energy gap. In that respect, the results are similar to those obtained in a recent Stanford/University of British Columbia collaboration. However, there is no convincing evidence for the presence of the T-2 term in the zero-field specific heat that is also expected for lines of nodes in the gap. Possible reasons for this apparent discrepancy are discussed. Less detailed data on other samples are consistent with these findings. For H = 0, the contribution associated with the Cu2+ moments, the ''zero-field upturn'', is the high-temperature tail of a broad anomaly produced by internal interactions. With increasing H it evolves into a form more closely approximated by simple Schottky functions. The H dependence of this contribution to the specific heat is consistent with that expected for a low concentration of spin-1/2 moments with a distribution of internal fields that is progressively narrowed with increasing H. It is not consistent with the H proportional prefactor associated with the Schottky anomalies that has been reported elsewhere. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AMHERST COLL,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,AMHERST,MA 01002. AMHERST COLL,DEPT PHYS,AMHERST,MA 01002. DUPONT CO INC,CR&DD,EXPTL STN,WILMINGTON,DE 19880. NR 78 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 3-4 BP 237 EP 263 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00463-7 PG 27 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TA646 UT WOS:A1995TA64600004 ER PT J AU ROZEVELD, S MERKLE, KL CHAR, K AF ROZEVELD, S MERKLE, KL CHAR, K TI INTERFACE MICROSTRUCTURE AND COMPOSITION OF A YBA2CU3O7-X/N/YBA2CU3O7-X SNS EDGE JUNCTION WITH CARUO3 AS THE METALLIC BARRIER SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTIONS; SQUIDS; LINKS AB Superconductor-normal-superconductor (SNS) edge junctions consisting of YBa2Cu3O7/CaRuO3/YBa2Cu3O7 were fabricated on (001) LaAlO3 substrates using laser deposition. These devices display an excess resistance which may be related to the SN interface and normal layer structure or composition. High-resolution and conventional transmission electron microscopy were employed to investigate the SN interface structure to determine the degree of interface matching and possible interfacial defects. Energy-loss spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis were performed on the CaRuO3 film and near interface regions to determine the normal layer composition and to quantify the extent of interdiffusion between the CaRuO3 and YBCO films. Results are compared to recent investigations of SNS edge junctions consisting of YBa2Cu3O7-x/YBa2Cu2.79Co0.21O7-x/YBa2Cu3O7-x. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,TECHNOL CTR SUPERCOND,ARGONNE,IL 60439. CONDUCTUS INC,SUNNYVALE,CA 94086. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 3-4 BP 348 EP 360 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00481-5 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TA646 UT WOS:A1995TA64600016 ER PT J AU FANG, Y DANYLUK, S LANAGAN, MT YOUNGDAHL, CA XU, X NUMATA, K AF FANG, Y DANYLUK, S LANAGAN, MT YOUNGDAHL, CA XU, X NUMATA, K TI CHARACTERIZATION OF AG/BI2SR2CAN-1CUNO2N+4 INTERFACIAL RESISTIVITY SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; CONTACT RESISTANCE; TRACER DIFFUSION; BI2SR2CACU2OX; JUNCTIONS AB Silver contacts to single-crystal Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)Ox (Bi-2212) and polycrystalline (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3Ox (Bi-2223) were prepared by sputtering or sinter-forging techniques. The interfacial resistivity of Ag/Bi-2212, defined as interfacial resistance times contact area, decreased from 10(-4) to 10(-10) Ohm cm(2) at 77 K when the thermal annealing time increased from 1 to 14 h at 600 degrees C; it was also a function of the annealing temperature. The lowest interfacial resistivity of Ag/Bi-2223 that was sinter-forged at 840-845 degrees C for 1 h was 10(-9) Ohm cm(2) at 77 K. Experimental data are compared with intrinsic interfacial resistivity and resistivity values found in the literature. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. MITSUI MIN & SMELTING CO LTD,AGEO,SAITAMA,JAPAN. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,GEORGE W WOODRUFF SCH MECH ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 3-4 BP 389 EP 396 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00498-X PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA TA646 UT WOS:A1995TA64600020 ER PT J AU PERELSON, AS MACKEN, CA AF PERELSON, AS MACKEN, CA TI PROTEIN EVOLUTION ON PARTIALLY CORRELATED LANDSCAPES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE SEQUENCE SPACE; FITNESS LANDSCAPES; SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION; AFFINITY MATURATION; SPIN GLASSES ID IMMUNE-RESPONSE; SOMATIC HYPERMUTATION; FITNESS LANDSCAPES; RUGGED LANDSCAPES; BINDING-SPECIFICITY; ANTIBODY DIVERSITY; ANTIGEN-BINDING; MATURATION; MODEL; MUTATION AB We extend an earlier model of protein evolution on a rugged landscape to the case in which the landscape exhibits a variable degree of correlation (i.e., smoothness). Correlation is introduced by assuming that a protein is composed of a set of independent blocks or domains and that mutation in one block affects the contribution of that block alone to the overall fitness of the protein. We study the statistical structure of such landscapes and apply our theory to the evolution by somatic hypermutation of antibody molecules composed of framework and complementarity-determining regions. We predict the expected number of replacement mutations in each region. RP PERELSON, AS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 40 TC 70 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 21 BP 9657 EP 9661 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.21.9657 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RZ072 UT WOS:A1995RZ07200047 PM 7568192 ER PT J AU SUTHERLAND, BM BENNETT, PV AF SUTHERLAND, BM BENNETT, PV TI HUMAN WHITE BLOOD-CELLS CONTAIN CYCLOBUTYL PYRIMIDINE DIMER PHOTOLYASE SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID DNA PHOTOREACTIVATING ENZYME; HUMAN-SKIN; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; NONRADIOACTIVE DNA; CULTURE CONDITIONS; ACTION SPECTRUM; THYMINE DIMERS; QUANTITATION; REPAIR AB Although enzymatic photoreactivation of cyclobutyl pyrimidine dimers in DNA is present in almost all organisms, its presence in placental mammals is controversial. We tested human white blood cells for photolyase by using three defined DNAs (supercoiled pET-2, nonsupercoiled bacteriophage lambda, and a defined-sequence 287-bp oligonucleotide), two dimer-specific endonucleases (T4 endonuclease V and UV endonuclease from Micrococcus luteus), and three assay methods. We show that human white blood cells contain photolyase that can photorepair pyrimidine dimers in defined supercoiled and linear DNAs and in a 287-bp oligonucleotide and that human photolyase is active on genomic DNA in intact human cells. RP SUTHERLAND, BM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT BIOL, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 44 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 21 BP 9732 EP 9736 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.21.9732 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RZ072 UT WOS:A1995RZ07200062 PM 7568207 ER PT J AU STECHEL, EB BURNS, AR JENNISON, DR AF STECHEL, EB BURNS, AR JENNISON, DR TI ELECTRON-STIMULATED DISSOCIATION OF AMMONIA ON PT111 - OBSERVATION OF GAS-PHASE ATOMIC-HYDROGEN SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AMMONIA; ELECTRON STIMULATED DESORPTION (ESD); MOLECULAR DYNAMICS; PLATINUM; RESONANCE ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION MASS SPECTROSCOPY (REMPI/MS) ID RESOLVED ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; NEUTRAL PRODUCTS; DESORPTION; ADSORPTION; PT(111); NH3; SPECTROSCOPY; EXCITATION; IONIZATION; SURFACES AB We characterize the electron-stimulated dissociation of chemisorbed NH3 and ND3 on Pt(111) by time-of-night (TOF) laser detection of the neutral gas-phase H and D products, respectively. We detect ground-state atomic hydrogen via 2 + 1 resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) through the 2(2)S(1/2) level; we do not observe any nascent metastable (2(2)S(1/2)) hydrogen products. We assign the 14 eV threshold for ground-state hydrogen detection to excitation of a 1e adsorbate electron. Considering that the N-H bond axis is similar to 68 degrees off-normal for upright, N-down adsorbed ammonia, we find that the REMPI signal is surprisingly strong for hydrogen trajectories < 45 degrees off-normal. The presence of tilted adsorbates is expected to contribute to this signal; however, we argue that it will also arise from an appreciable contribution to the product momentum from zero-point bending motion. Thus some of the product momenta from untilted adsorbates will be closer to the surface normal than suggested by the bond directions. To this end, we develop a general theoretical analysis of relevant trajectories (momenta) in laser-detected TOF distributions. We find that theory is consistent with the distinctly non-Maxwellian experimental observations. In addition, we find that the observed H/D yield ratio can be attributed to two effects: (1) The difference in the time scales for H and D motion while building momentum in the repulsive excited state. (2) The difference in zero point bending momentum for the two isotopic molecules. RP STECHEL, EB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 1421,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Stechel, Ellen/B-1253-2012 NR 48 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 340 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 87 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00557-9 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RZ278 UT WOS:A1995RZ27800018 ER PT J AU LUCAS, CA MARKOVIC, NM ROSS, PN AF LUCAS, CA MARKOVIC, NM ROSS, PN TI OBSERVATION OF AN ORDERED BROMIDE MONOLAYER AT THE PT(111)-SOLUTION INTERFACE BY IN-SITU SURFACE X-RAY-SCATTERING SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Letter DE ELECTROCHEMICAL METHODS; HALIDES; PLATINUM; SOLID-LIQUID INTERFACES; X-RAY SCATTERING, DIFFRACTION AND REFLECTION ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; ELECTROLYTE INTERFACE; SILVER 111; DIFFRACTION; AU(111); COMPRESSIBILITY; RECONSTRUCTION; REFLECTIVITY; ADSORPTION; IODINE AB We present an in-situ surface X-ray scattering study of the formation of an ordered bromide monolayer at the Pt(111)-solution interface. Over a wide potential range, we observe a hexagonal, close-packed, bromide monolayer that is incommensurate, but aligned with the underlying platinum lattice, and undergoes compression as the potential is increased. The in-plane diffraction measurements are correlated with X-ray specular reflectivity results, to confirm the surface coverages and give information about the surface normal structure. The bromide results are also compared to the adsorption of chloride anions, where the substrate-adatom interaction is known to be significantly weaker. In this case, despite the inability to detect any in-plane ordered structure, interpretation of the specular reflectivity is also consistent with the presence of a close-packed chloride monolayer. RP LUCAS, CA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Lucas, Christopher/0000-0001-5743-3868 NR 24 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 340 IS 1-2 BP L949 EP L954 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00710-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RZ278 UT WOS:A1995RZ27800002 ER PT J AU TESAURO, MR UNDERWOOD, G KELLERMAN, BK CAMPION, A AF TESAURO, MR UNDERWOOD, G KELLERMAN, BK CAMPION, A TI TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED EVOLUTION OF LOW-ENERGY, RARE-GAS IONS IMPLANTED IN SI(100) (VOL 330, PG L633, 1995) SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Correction, Addition C1 UNIV TEXAS,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SYNTH GROWTH & ANAL ELECT MAT,AUSTIN,TX 78712. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD OCT 10 PY 1995 VL 340 IS 1-2 BP L997 EP L997 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00810-1 PG 1 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RZ278 UT WOS:A1995RZ27800011 ER PT J AU RAVI, J EROKHIN, Y ROZGONYI, GA WHITE, CW AF RAVI, J EROKHIN, Y ROZGONYI, GA WHITE, CW TI SUPPRESSION OF TRANSIENT ENHANCED DIFFUSION FOLLOWING IN-SITU PHOTOEXCITATION DURING BORON ION-IMPLANTATION SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SILICON; DAMAGE AB The effect of in situ photoexcitation during boron ion implantation on subsequent transient enhanced B diffusion in Si has been investigated. Photoexcitation using a mercury arc lamp was performed during B+ implantation at 35 keV for a dose of 5X10(14) cm(-2) at 177 K. A reduction in the electrical activation dip, i,e., reverse annealing effect, in the temperature range 550-700 degrees C was observed. Also, the transient enhanced diffusion of B, measured using SIMS following 800 degrees C, 30 min annealing, was suppressed. Both effects demonstrate that the creation of self-interstitials during the implantation process is significantly reduced. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 15 BP 2158 EP 2160 DI 10.1063/1.114752 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY398 UT WOS:A1995RY39800017 ER PT J AU LIN, SY WEI, HP TSUI, DC KLEM, JF AF LIN, SY WEI, HP TSUI, DC KLEM, JF TI CYCLOTRON MASS OF 2-DIMENSIONAL HOLES IN STRAINED-LAYER GAAS/IN0.20GA0.80AS/GAAS QUANTUM-WELL STRUCTURES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GAAS; HETEROSTRUCTURES; RESONANCE; LASERS AB We report a systematic study of the effective mass of two-dimensional (2D) holes in a series of ten p-type GaAs/In0.20Ga0.80As/GaAs quantum well structure samples. The 2D hole density and its effective mass (m*)are independently determined from Shubnikov-de Haas and cyclotron resonance measurements at 4.2 K. We find the m* increases from (0.123 +/- 0.005) m(e) to (0.191 +/- 0.015) m(e) as the 2D hole density is varied from 0.54 x 10(11)/cm(2) to 8.5 x 10(11)/cm(2). The experimental data are described quantitatively in terms of a two-band tight binding model using the valence band edge mass and strain-induced valence band splitting as parameters. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. RP LIN, SY (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 15 BP 2170 EP 2172 DI 10.1063/1.115092 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY398 UT WOS:A1995RY39800021 ER PT J AU PEHNT, M SCHULZ, DL CURTIS, CJ JONES, KM GINLEY, DS AF PEHNT, M SCHULZ, DL CURTIS, CJ JONES, KM GINLEY, DS TI NANOPARTICLE PRECURSOR ROUTE TO LOW-TEMPERATURE SPRAY DEPOSITION OF CDTE THIN-FILMS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; COLLOIDAL SEMICONDUCTORS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; MATERIALS SCIENCE; QUANTUM DOTS; PARTICLES; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; METAL; NANOCRYSTALS; CHEMISTRY AB In this letter we report a nanoparticle-derived route to CdTe thin films. CdTe nanoparticles 39 +/- 8 Angstrom in diameter, prepared by an organometallic route, were characterized by x-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. CdTe thin-film deposition was realized by spraying a nanoparticle/butanol colloid onto SnO2-coated glass substrates at variable susceptor temperatures. The resultant CdTe films were characterized by atomic force microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Smooth and dense CdTe thin films were obtained using growth temperatures similar to 200 degrees C less than conventional spray pyrolysis. A growth temperature dependence upon CdTe grain size formation and crystallinity was observed by atomic force microscopy and x-ray diffraction. UV-Vis characterization revealed a transformation in the optical properties of the CdTe thin films as a function of growth temperature. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 30 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 28 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 15 BP 2176 EP 2178 DI 10.1063/1.115094 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY398 UT WOS:A1995RY39800023 ER PT J AU KRISHNAN, KM AF KRISHNAN, KM TI ENHANCED SATURATION MAGNETIZATION, ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE, AND COMPOSITIONAL SEGREGATION IN EPITAXIALLY GROWN CO-CR THIN-FILMS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SHORT-RANGE ORDER; CU-PD; MICROSTRUCTURE; OCCUPANCY; ALLOYS AB We have used the recently established linear correlation between the total intensities of the L(3,2) ''white lines'' in electron energy-loss spectroscopy and the number of unoccupied 3d states to probe the local electronic structure in epitaxially grown Co-Cr thin films. The significant enhancement of saturation magnetization measured for these epitaxial films, when compared to homogenized bulk alloys, has been correlated directly to the unoccupied 3d states to the Co atoms in these materials. These measurements are the first direct electronic structure evidence that may support models associating the enhancement of saturation magnetization with intragranular segregation in Co-Cr thin films. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP KRISHNAN, KM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 15 BP 2238 EP 2240 DI 10.1063/1.115115 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY398 UT WOS:A1995RY39800044 ER PT J AU MATTHEWS, JN GU, P HAAS, P HOGAN, WP KIM, SK MYUNG, SS SCHNETZER, S SOMALWAR, SV THOMSON, GB ZOU, Y BARKER, AR BRIERE, RA CHEU, E HARRIS, DA MAKOFF, G MCFARLAND, KS ROODMAN, A SCHWINGENHEUER, B WAH, YW WINSTEIN, B WINSTON, R SWALLOW, EC BOCK, GJ COLEMAN, R CRISLER, M ENAGONIO, J FORD, R HSIUNG, YB JENSEN, DA RAMBERG, E TSCHIRHART, R YAMANAKA, T COLLINS, EM GOLLIN, GD AF MATTHEWS, JN GU, P HAAS, P HOGAN, WP KIM, SK MYUNG, SS SCHNETZER, S SOMALWAR, SV THOMSON, GB ZOU, Y BARKER, AR BRIERE, RA CHEU, E HARRIS, DA MAKOFF, G MCFARLAND, KS ROODMAN, A SCHWINGENHEUER, B WAH, YW WINSTEIN, B WINSTON, R SWALLOW, EC BOCK, GJ COLEMAN, R CRISLER, M ENAGONIO, J FORD, R HSIUNG, YB JENSEN, DA RAMBERG, E TSCHIRHART, R YAMANAKA, T COLLINS, EM GOLLIN, GD TI NEW MEASUREMENT OF THE CP VIOLATION PARAMETER ETA(+-GAMMA) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DECAYS; GAMMA AB We have measured the CP violation parameter eta(+-gamma) in a neutral kaon experiment, E773, at Fermilab. This parameter characterizes CP violation in the decay K-L --> pi(+) pi(-) gamma. Kaon decays into pi(+)pi(-) collected simultaneously were used for normalization. Our result is \eta(+-gamma)\ = [2.359 +/- 0.062(stat) +/- 0.040(syst)] x 10(-3) with a phase phi(+-gamma) = [43.8 +/- 3.5(stat) +/- 1.9(syst)]degrees. The prediction that eta(+-gamma) should be very close to eta(+-) is supported by our result. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. ELMHURST COLL,ELMHURST,IL 60126. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. RP MATTHEWS, JN (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855, USA. RI Briere, Roy/N-7819-2014; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015 OI Briere, Roy/0000-0001-5229-1039; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 15 BP 2803 EP 2806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2803 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY216 UT WOS:A1995RY21600005 ER PT J AU MARTIN, JE ODINEK, J AF MARTIN, JE ODINEK, J TI AGGREGATION, FRAGMENTATION, AND THE NONLINEAR DYNAMICS OF ELECTRORHEOLOGICAL FLUIDS IN OSCILLATORY SHEAR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID VISCOELASTIC RESPONSE; DEPENDENCE; RHEOLOGY AB We have conducted a time-resolved, two-dimensional light scattering study of the nonlinear dynamics of field-induced structures in an electrorheological fluid subjected to oscillatory shear. We have developed a theoretical description of the observed dynamics by considering the response of a fragmenting and aggregating particle chain to the prevailing hydrodynamic and electrostatic forces. This structural theory is then used to describe the nonlinear rheology of electrorheological fluids. RP MARTIN, JE (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV ADV MAT PHYS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 15 BP 2827 EP 2830 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2827 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY216 UT WOS:A1995RY21600011 ER PT J AU WANG, Y STOCKS, GM SHELTON, WA NICHOLSON, DMC SZOTEK, Z TEMMERMAN, WM AF WANG, Y STOCKS, GM SHELTON, WA NICHOLSON, DMC SZOTEK, Z TEMMERMAN, WM TI ORDER-N MULTIPLE-SCATTERING APPROACH TO ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM-SIZE; CU-ZN AB A new approach to the calculation of the electronic structure of large systems within the local density approximation is outlined. The electronic structure problem is formulated using real space multiple scattering theory. Employing a compute-node <-> atom equivalence, the method has been implemented on a massively parallel processing supercomputer. The method is naturally highly parallel and ideal order-N scaling is obtained. The convergence of the method is demonstrated by comparison with the result of conventional electronic structure calculation for elemental metals and through calculation of the ordering energy of beta brass. C1 SERC, DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. RP WANG, Y (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Stocks, George Malcollm/Q-1251-2016 OI Stocks, George Malcollm/0000-0002-9013-260X NR 27 TC 155 Z9 156 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 15 BP 2867 EP 2870 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2867 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY216 UT WOS:A1995RY21600021 ER PT J AU TRYGG, J JOHANSSON, B ERIKSSON, O WILLS, JM AF TRYGG, J JOHANSSON, B ERIKSSON, O WILLS, JM TI TOTAL-ENERGY CALCULATION OF THE MAGNETOCRYSTALLINE ANISOTROPY ENERGY IN THE FERROMAGNETIC 3D METALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; SYSTEMS; BAND; SPIN AB We demonstrate that total energy calculations based upon only the local density approximation of density functional theory in combination with an orbital polarization correction can be used to derive the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy (MAE) for the ferromagnetic metals, bcc Fe, hcp Co, fcc Co, and fcc Ni. In the case of bcc Fe, hcp Co, and fcc Co the calculations reproduce the experimental easy axis as well as the size of the MAE. However, for fcc Ni we obtain the wrong easy axis. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP TRYGG, J (reprint author), UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER THEORY GRP,BOX 530,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RI Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 21 TC 132 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 9 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 15 BP 2871 EP 2874 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2871 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY216 UT WOS:A1995RY21600022 ER PT J AU CURTISS, LA MCGRATH, MP BLAUDEAU, JP DAVIS, NE BINNING, RC RADOM, L AF CURTISS, LA MCGRATH, MP BLAUDEAU, JP DAVIS, NE BINNING, RC RADOM, L TI EXTENSION OF GAUSSIAN-2 THEORY TO MOLECULES CONTAINING 3RD-ROW ATOMS GA-KR SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; RELATIVISTIC EFFECTIVE POTENTIALS; SPIN-ORBIT OPERATORS; GTO BASIS-SETS; 2ND-ROW COMPOUNDS; 3RD-ROW ATOMS; ENERGIES; 1ST-ROW; GEHN; PHOTOIONIZATION AB Gaussian-2 (G2) theory has been extended to molecules containing the third-row nontransition elements Ga-Kr. Basis sets compatible with those used in G2 theory for molecules containing first- and second-row atoms have been derived. Spin-orbit corrections for atoms and molecules having spatially degenerate states (P-2, P-3 for atoms and (2) Pi for molecules in this work) are included explicitly in the G2 energies. The average absolute deviation from experiment for 40 test reactions is 1.37 kcal/mol. In contrast to the situation for first- and second-row molecules, inclusion of spin-orbit effects is very important in attaining accurate energies for molecules containing third-row atoms. Without spin-orbit effects, the average absolute deviation is 2.36 kcal/mol. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV, RES SCH CHEM, CANBERRA, ACT 0200, AUSTRALIA. RP CURTISS, LA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM TECHNOL MAT SCI, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 44 TC 632 Z9 635 U1 4 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 1995 VL 103 IS 14 BP 6104 EP 6113 DI 10.1063/1.470438 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA RY168 UT WOS:A1995RY16800023 ER PT J AU CHESKO, JD STRANGES, D SUITS, AG LEE, YT AF CHESKO, JD STRANGES, D SUITS, AG LEE, YT TI PYRAZINE - SUPERCOLLISIONS OR SIMPLE REACTIONS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Note ID COLLISIONAL VIBRATIONAL-RELAXATION; DIODE-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; HIGHLY EXCITED NO2; ENERGY-DEPENDENCE; T1 PYRAZINE; STATE; CO2; PHOTODISSOCIATION; EXCITATION; PYRIMIDINE AB Photodissociation of 1,4 diazine (pyrazine) following 248 nm (S-2<--S-0) and 308 nm (S-1<--S-0) excitation has been studied by photofragment translational spectroscopy. While the latter wavelength was inefficient at generating reactive products, the former wavelength afforded a rich variety of fragments, the most translationally energetic being HCN carrying up to 36 kcal/mol. The implications of this reactive mechanism toward interpretation of vibrational energy transfer experiments from hot ground state pyrazine are considered. The absolute quantum yields phi(248 nm, 27-A)=0.40+/-0.10, phi(248 nm, 27-B)=0.08+/-.02, phi(308 nm, 27-B')=0.003+/-.001 and the two corresponding translational energy distributions are presented. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CHESKO, JD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Lee, Yuan-Tseh/F-7914-2012; OI STRANGES, Domenico/0000-0002-7003-4519 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD OCT 8 PY 1995 VL 103 IS 14 BP 6290 EP 6292 DI 10.1063/1.470408 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA RY168 UT WOS:A1995RY16800044 ER PT J AU BRITT, PF BUCHANAN, AC MALCOLM, EA AF BRITT, PF BUCHANAN, AC MALCOLM, EA TI THERMOLYSIS OF PHENETHYL PHENYL ETHER - A MODEL FOR ETHER LINKAGES IN LIGNIN AND LOW-RANK COAL SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID ABSOLUTE RATE CONSTANTS; CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PYROLYSIS-GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY; RADICAL CHAIN DECOMPOSITION; NEOPHYL-LIKE REARRANGEMENT; LOW-PRESSURE PYROLYSIS; BETA-SCISSION; HYDROGEN-TRANSFER; DIBENZYL ETHER; LIQUEFACTION MODEL AB The thermolysis of phenethyl phenyl ether (PPE) was studied at 330-425 degrees C to resolve the discrepancies in the reported mechanisms of this important model of the beta-ether linkage found in lignin and low rank coal. Cracking of PPE proceeded by two competitive pathways that produced styrene plus phenol and two previously undetected products, benzaldehyde plus toluene. The ratio of these pathways, defined as the alpha/beta selectivity, was 3.1 +/- 0.3 at 375 degrees C and independent of the PPE concentration. The kinetic order over ca. 10(3) variation in the initial concentration from the neat liquid, in solutions with biphenyl, and in the gas phase was 1.29 +/- 0.02. The rate expression for the decomposition in the liquid phase was log (k/M(-0.29) s(-1)) = (11.4 +/- 0.1) - (46.4 +/- 1.0)/2.303RT. The reaction could be accelerated by the addition of a free-radical initiator or a hydrogen bonding solvent, such as p-phenylphenol, but the product composition was altered with the latter. Thermolysis of PPE in tetralin, a model hydrogen donor solvent, increased the alpha/beta selectivity to 7 and accelerated the formation of secondary products. All the data was consistent with a free-radical chain mechanism for the decomposition of PPE. Styrene and phenol are produced by hydrogen abstraction at the alpha-carbon, beta-scission to form styrene and the phenoxy radical, followed by hydrogen abstraction. Benzaldehyde and toluene are formed by hydrogen abstraction at the beta-carbon, 1,2-phenyl migration from oxygen to carbon, beta-scission to form benzaldehyde, and the benzyl radical, followed by hydrogen abstraction. Thermochemical kinetic estimates indicate that product formation is controlled by the relative rate of hydrogen abstraction at the alpha- and beta-carbons by the phenoxy radical (dominant) and benzyl radical (minor) since beta-scission and 1,2-phenyl migration are fast relative to hydrogen abstraction. The electrophilic phenoxy radical has an inherently lower alpha/beta selectivity than the nonpolar benzyl radical because it benefits from the polar effects of the alpha-oxygen at the beta-carbon. The rate of the 1,2-phenyl migration was much faster than interconversion of 1-phenoxy-2-phenyl-1-ethyl radical and 1-phenoxy-2-phenyl-2-ethyl radical, and an activation barrier of <18 kcal mol(-1) was estimated for the 1,2-phenyl migration. Thermolysis of PhCD(2)CH(2)OPh and PhCH(2)CD(2)OPh was consistent with the previous results, indicating that there was no significant contribution of a concerted retro-ene pathway to the thermolysis of PPE. RP BRITT, PF (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 135 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 44 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD OCT 6 PY 1995 VL 60 IS 20 BP 6523 EP 6536 DI 10.1021/jo00125a044 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RY934 UT WOS:A1995RY93400044 ER PT J AU ZARNSTORFF, MC AF ZARNSTORFF, MC TI HOT AT THE CENTER SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP ZARNSTORFF, MC (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1333 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD OCT 6 PY 1995 VL 270 IS 5233 BP 15 EP 15 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RY302 UT WOS:A1995RY30200009 ER PT J AU FELCHER, GP ADENWALLA, S DEHAAN, VO VANWELL, AA AF FELCHER, GP ADENWALLA, S DEHAAN, VO VANWELL, AA TI ZEEMAN SPLITTING OF SURFACE-SCATTERED NEUTRONS SO NATURE LA English DT Article AB IF a beam of slow neutrons impinges On a solid at grazing incidence, the neutrons reflected can be used to probe the composition and magnetization of the solid near its surface(1,2). In this process, the incident and reflected neutrons generally have identical kinetic energies. Here we report the results of an experiment in which subtle inelastic scattering processes are revealed as relatively large deviations in scattering angle. The neutrons are scattered from a ferromagnetic surface in the presence of a strong ambient magnetic field, and exhibit a small but significant variation in kinetic energy as a function of the reflection angle. This effect is attributable to the Zeeman splitting of the energies of the neutron spin states due to the ambient magnetic field: some neutrons flip their spins upon reflection from the magnetized surface, thereby exchanging kinetic energy for magnetic potential energy. The subtle effects of Zeeman splitting are amplified by the extreme sensitivity of grazing-angle neutron scattering, and might also provide a useful spectroscopic tool if significant practical obstacles (such as low interaction cross-sections) can be overcome. C1 DELFT UNIV TECHNOL,INTERFAC REACTOR INST,2629 JB DELFT,NETHERLANDS. RP FELCHER, GP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 8 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD OCT 5 PY 1995 VL 377 IS 6548 BP 409 EP 410 DI 10.1038/377409a0 PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RY190 UT WOS:A1995RY19000042 ER PT J AU BENHAR, O FABROCINI, A FANTONI, S PANDHARIPANDE, VR PIEPER, SC SICK, I AF BENHAR, O FABROCINI, A FANTONI, S PANDHARIPANDE, VR PIEPER, SC SICK, I TI HIGHER-ORDER EFFECTS IN INCLUSIVE ELECTRON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID MATTER; TRANSPARENCY AB Higher order corrections in the theory of inclusive scattering of high energy electrons by nuclear matter are studied. They involve at least three nucleons, and are due to: (i) the correlations among the spectator nucleons in matter, and (ii) the Pauli blocking of the scattering of the struck nucleon by a spectator nucleon. Their effect on the cross sections is found to be much smaller than those of the two-nucleon correlation hole and of colour transparency. C1 UNIV PISA,DEPT PHYS,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. INT CTR THEORET PHYS,SISSA,INTERDISCIPLINARY LAB,I-34014 TRIESTE,ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS,LOOMIS LAB PHYS,URBANA,IL 61801. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV BASEL,INST PHYS,CH-4056 BASEL,SWITZERLAND. RP BENHAR, O (reprint author), IST NAZL FIS NUCL,IST SUPER SANITA,PHYS LAB,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. RI Benhar, Omar/J-6044-2012 OI Benhar, Omar/0000-0001-6818-9215 NR 21 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 5 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 1-2 BP 8 EP 12 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01027-N PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RY674 UT WOS:A1995RY67400002 ER PT J AU ESBENSEN, H BERTSCH, GF AF ESBENSEN, H BERTSCH, GF TI INTERFERENCE EFFECTS IN THE COULOMB DISSOCIATION OF B-8 SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE HALO NUCLEI; B-8; PROJECTILE FRAGMENTATION; COULOMB EXCITATION; COULOMB DISSOCIATION; PROTON EMISSION AB The interference between E1 and E2 in the Coulomb breakup of B-8 strongly affects the angular distribution of the decay proton. Thus this measurement could provide empirical information on the magnitude of the E2 contribution, which has been the subject of recent controversy. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,INST NUCL THEORY,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT PHYS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP ESBENSEN, H (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 5 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 1-2 BP 13 EP 16 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01067-Z PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RY674 UT WOS:A1995RY67400003 ER PT J AU FRANK, MR MITCHELL, KL ROBERTS, CD TANDY, PC AF FRANK, MR MITCHELL, KL ROBERTS, CD TANDY, PC TI THE OFF-SHELL AXIAL ANOMALY VIA THE GAMMA-ASTERISK-PI(0)-]GAMMA TRANSITION SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article DE CHIRAL ANOMALY; NONPERTURBATIVE QCD; PION TRANSITION FORM FACTOR ID NON-PERTURBATIVE CALCULATION; GAUGE GLUON PROPAGATOR; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; INFRARED LIMIT; CONFINEMENT; MODEL; QCD AB The gamma*pi(0) --> gamma form factor, including the extension off the pion mass-shell, is obtained from a generalized impulse approximation within a QCD-based model field theory known to provide an excellent description of the pion charge form factor, This approach implements dressing of the vertices and propagators consistent: with dynamical chiral symmetry breaking, gauge invariance, quark confinement and perturbative QCD. Nonperturbative behavior at the real photon vertex is found to generate a logarithmic correction to the large spacelike-q(2) behavior. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,NUCL RES CTR,DEPT PHYS,KENT,OH 44242. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP FRANK, MR (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,INST NUCL THEORY,SEATTLE,WA 98195, USA. NR 30 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD OCT 5 PY 1995 VL 359 IS 1-2 BP 17 EP 22 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)01065-X PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RY674 UT WOS:A1995RY67400004 ER PT J AU STREITWIESER, A LYTTLE, MH WANG, HK BOUSSIE, T WEINLANDER, A SOLAR, JP AF STREITWIESER, A LYTTLE, MH WANG, HK BOUSSIE, T WEINLANDER, A SOLAR, JP TI 1,1'-DIMESITYLURANOCENE AND ITS UNUSUAL DYNAMIC NMR PHENOMENA SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE URANIUM; URANOCENE; DYNAMIC NMR SPECTROSCOPY; CYCLOOCTATETRAENE; ACTINIDE ID GRIGNARD-REAGENTS; ORGANIC HALIDES; NICKEL; DIBENZOURANOCENE AB 1,1'-Dimesityluranocene gives a H-1 NMR spectrum showing the mesityl groups in a locked position as expected with exo- and endo-ortho-methyl groups. The [8]annulene ring protons give four resonances at room temperature in a 2:2:2:1 ratio, but at low temperatures three of these resonances coalesce and reappear as six resonances at still lower temperatures. These results are interpreted in terms of two lowest energy enantiomeric structures in which the two mesityl groups are oriented close to each other, presumably held by van der Waals attraction. Separation with interconversion of the enantiomers involves a barrier of about 10 kcal mol(-1) but is rapid on the NMR time-scale at room temperature. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP STREITWIESER, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD OCT 4 PY 1995 VL 501 IS 1-2 BP 245 EP 249 DI 10.1016/0022-328X(95)05672-C PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RZ313 UT WOS:A1995RZ31300032 ER PT J AU SOFIELD, CD ANDERSEN, RA AF SOFIELD, CD ANDERSEN, RA TI A GENERAL-SYNTHESIS AND CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF [(ME(3)C)(2)C5H3]CE-3 SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CERIUM; TRIVALENT METALLOCENE; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ID MOLECULAR-STRUCTURES; GAS-PHASE; COMPLEXES; CERIUM; CHEMISTRY; LANTHANUM AB The preparation of [(Me(3)C)(2)C5H3]Ce-3 from Ce(OSO2CF3)(3) and [(Me(3)C)(2)C5H3]Mg-2 is described and compared to published routes to other Cp(3)Ln(Ln = lanthanide) compounds. The title compound is monomeric in the solid state with three eta(5)-bound cyclopentadienyl rings which show some unusual distortions while maintaining idealized C-3h symmetry. The crystals are monoclinic, in the space group P2(1)/n, with the unit cell a 10.803(3) b 19.493(6) c 17.946(5) Angstrom, beta 104.35(2)degrees, Z = 4. Anisotropic refinement of all heavy atoms with 361 parameters and 3420 reflections yielded R = 4.62%. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD OCT 4 PY 1995 VL 501 IS 1-2 BP 271 EP 276 DI 10.1016/0022-328X(95)98950-5 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RZ313 UT WOS:A1995RZ31300035 ER PT J AU MARK, BL TERWILLIGER, TC VAUGHAN, MR GRAY, DM AF MARK, BL TERWILLIGER, TC VAUGHAN, MR GRAY, DM TI CIRCULAR-DICHROISM SPECTROSCOPY OF 3 TYROSINE-TO-PHENYLALANINE SUBSTITUTIONS OF FD GENE-5-PROTEIN SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-STRANDED-DNA; FILAMENTOUS BACTERIOPHAGE IKE; AMINO-ACID SEQUENCE; V-PROTEIN; BINDING-PROTEIN; DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; II PROTEIN; H-1-NMR; REPLICATION AB Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to study mutants of phage fd gene 5 protein (Y26F, Y34F, and Y41F) in which three of the five tyrosines, Tyr-26, Tyr-34, and Tyr-41, were individually substituted with phenylalanine. The tyrosine 229 nm CD bands of the wild type, Y26F, and Y41F gene 5 proteins decreased in magnitude during complex formation with either fd ssDNA or poly[d(A)]. However, the Y34F gene 5 protein showed no decrease in the 229 nm band during titrations of these nucleic acids. This suggested that Tyr-34 of the wild type gene 5 protein dominated the 229 nm CD changes upon binding to single-stranded DNA. Titrations of poly[d(A)] or fd ssDNA with wild type, Y26F, Y34F, or Y41F gene 5 proteins resulted in perturbations of the nucleic acid near-UV CD bands, specific for the particular nucleic acid, but similar for all four proteins (in 2 mM sodium phosphate buffer, pH 7.0). For both nucleic acids, the addition of protein beyond a certain [protein monomer]/[nucleotide] ratio (0.25 for poly[d(A)] or 0.33 for fd ssDNA) resulted in a partial reversal of the CD change of the nucleic acid. These data are interpreted to mean that, in addition to the two well-known n = 4 and n 3 stoichiometric modes of binding, there is a third mode of binding in which the nucleic acid is in limited contact with the protein. As shown by salt dissociation studies of complexes with poly[d(A)], the binding affinites, K omega, of the proteins were in the order: wild type > Y26F >> Y34F greater than or equal to Y41F (for the n = 4 binding mode in 0.1-0.2 M NaCl). Our data indicate that Tyr-34 plays a more important role in forming a complex with ssDNA than is apparent in current models of the g5p . ssDNA complex. We suggest that the hydroxyl moieties of Tyr-34 and Tyr-41 are both somehow involved in stabilizing the interface of bound protein dimers. C1 UNIV TEXAS,PROGRAM MOLEC & CELL BIOL,RICHARDSON,TX 75083. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Terwilliger, Thomas/K-4109-2012 OI Terwilliger, Thomas/0000-0001-6384-0320 FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 19060, GM 38714] NR 64 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 3 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 39 BP 12854 EP 12865 DI 10.1021/bi00039a047 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA RY460 UT WOS:A1995RY46000047 PM 7548041 ER PT J AU LI, Z MAKI, AH EFTINK, MR MAUN, CJ MATTHEWS, CR AF LI, Z MAKI, AH EFTINK, MR MAUN, CJ MATTHEWS, CR TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE TRYPTOPHAN BINDING-SITE OF ESCHERICHIA-COLI TRYPTOPHAN HOLOREPRESSOR BY PHOSPHORESCENCE AND OPTICAL-DETECTION OF MAGNETIC-RESONANCE OF A TRYPTOPHAN-FREE MUTANT SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID TRP APOREPRESSOR; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; REPRESSOR; RESIDUES; SEQUENCE; PROTEINS AB The L-tryptophan binding site of the Escherichia coli tryptophan holorepressor (trpR) is characterized by low-temperature phosphorescence and optical detection of magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy. Measurements are made on a tryptophan-free mutant of trpR, W19/99F, in which both intrinsic tryptophan residues of apo-trpR have been replaced with phenylalanine. Thus, essentially all of the phosphorescence that is observed from trpR originates from the bound L-tryptophan corepressor. The phosphorescence and ODMR results for the bound corepressor agree quite well with those obtained previously for the corepressor site in both single tryptophan-containing mutants, W19F and W99F [Burns, L. E., & Maki, A. H. (1994) J. Fluorescence 4, 217-226]. A red shift of the L-tryptophan phosphorescence origin as well as a decrease in the D-E ODMR frequency result from an increase in the local polarizability upon binding at the corepressor binding site. A large decrease in the ODMR line widths signals a reduction of local heterogeneity upon binding. Subsequent binding of trpR to a self-complementary DNA sequence that mimics the trp operator, 5'-CGTACTAGTTAACTAGTACG-3', produces a further decrease in line widths and additional changes in the ODMR frequencies, attributable to an increase in both the D and E parameters. This result demonstrates that binding of holo-trpR to the operator affects the local environment of the bound corepressor. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,DEPT CHEM,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-02622] NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD OCT 3 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 39 BP 12866 EP 12870 DI 10.1021/bi00039a048 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA RY460 UT WOS:A1995RY46000048 PM 7548042 ER PT J AU ARCOT, SS SHAIKH, TH KIM, JY BENNETT, L ALEGRIAHARTMAN, M NELSON, DO DEININGER, PL BATZER, MA AF ARCOT, SS SHAIKH, TH KIM, JY BENNETT, L ALEGRIAHARTMAN, M NELSON, DO DEININGER, PL BATZER, MA TI SEQUENCE DIVERSITY AND CHROMOSOMAL DISTRIBUTION OF YOUNG ALU REPEATS SO GENE LA English DT Article DE REPETITIVE DNA; POLYMORPHISM HUMAN; SOMATIC CELL HYBRID; PRIMATE; MICROSATELLITE; DIRECT REPEATS; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION ID HUMAN GENOME; DNA-SEQUENCES; SUBFAMILY; EVOLUTION; GENE; FAMILY; REGION AB Members of the recently inserted human-specific (HS)/predicted variant (PV) subfamily of Alu elements were sequenced. A number of these Alu elements share greater than 98% sequence identity with the subfamily consensus sequence, and they are flanked by perfect 5' and 3' direct repeats ranging in size from 6 to 15 nucleotides (nt). Based on the low number of random mutations, the estimated average age of these elements was calculated to be 1.5 million years (Myr). All the young Alu subfamily members were restricted to the human genome, as judged by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of human and non-human primate DNA samples using the unique flanking sequences specific for each Alu element. The chromosomal locations of several Alu elements belonging to the young subfamilies, designated as HS/PV and Sb2, were determined by PCR amplification of DNA samples from human/rodent somatic cell hybrid panels. A statistical analysis of the chromosomal distribution pattern showed that the recently inserted Alu elements appear to integrate randomly in the human genome. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. ALTON OCHSNER MED FDN & OCHSNER CLIN,MOLEC GENET LAB,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70121. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,MED CTR,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70112. OI Deininger, Prescott/0000-0002-1067-3028 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG 00770] NR 25 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1119 J9 GENE JI Gene PD OCT 3 PY 1995 VL 163 IS 2 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1016/0378-1119(95)00317-Y PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RZ406 UT WOS:A1995RZ40600019 PM 7590280 ER PT J AU OZBAY, E TUTTLE, G MCCALMONT, JS SIGALAS, M BISWAS, R SOUKOULIS, CM HO, KM AF OZBAY, E TUTTLE, G MCCALMONT, JS SIGALAS, M BISWAS, R SOUKOULIS, CM HO, KM TI LASER-MICROMACHINED MILLIMETER-WAVE PHOTONIC BAND-GAP CAVITY STRUCTURES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MODES AB We have used laser-micromachined alumina substrates to build a three-dimensional photonic band-gap crystal, The rod-based structure has a three-dimensional full photonic band gap between 90 and 100 GHz. The high resistivity of alumina results in a typical attenuation rate of 15 dB per unit cell within the band gap. By removing material, we have built defects which can be used as millimeter-wave cavity structures. The resulting quality (Q) factors of the millimeter-wave cavity structures were as high as 1000 with a peak transmission of 10 dB below the incident signal. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,MICROELECTR RES CTR,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP OZBAY, E (reprint author), BILKENT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BILKENT 06533,TURKEY. RI Ozbay, Ekmel/B-9495-2008; Soukoulis, Costas/A-5295-2008 NR 22 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 14 BP 1969 EP 1971 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RX495 UT WOS:A1995RX49500005 ER PT J AU TOELLNER, TS ALP, EE STURHAHN, W MOONEY, TM ZHANG, X ANDO, M YODA, Y KIKUTA, S AF TOELLNER, TS ALP, EE STURHAHN, W MOONEY, TM ZHANG, X ANDO, M YODA, Y KIKUTA, S TI POLARIZER ANALYZER FILTER FOR NUCLEAR RESONANT SCATTERING OF SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A silicon (840) channel-cut crystal with a large asymmetry is used to linearly polarize synchrotron radiation generated by an undulator source at the 14.413 keV nuclear resonance of Fe-57. The resulting <(sigma)over cap>-polarized radiation is then scattered from an Fe-57 foil placed in a magnetic field that effects <(sigma)over cap>--><(pi)over cap> polarization conversion within the resonant bandwidth. A second crystal of the same type is placed in a crossed position to suppress the nonresonant radiation while transmitting the <(pi)over cap>-polarized resonant radiation. A polarization suppression factor of 6X10(-7) has been obtained. The suppression of the nonresonant radiation allowed monitoring the decay of the nuclear levels after 1 ns of their excitation. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PHOTON FACTORY,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO,FAC ENGN,DEPT APPL PHYS,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. RP TOELLNER, TS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 14 BP 1993 EP 1995 DI 10.1063/1.114764 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RX495 UT WOS:A1995RX49500013 ER PT J AU ATHANASSOPOULOS, C AUERBACH, LB BAUER, DA BOLTON, RD BOYD, B BURMAN, RL CALDWELL, DO COHEN, I DIETERLE, BD DONAHUE, JB EISNER, AM FAZELY, A FEDERSPIEL, FJ GARVEY, GT GRAY, M GUNASINGHA, RM HIGHLAND, V IMLAY, R JOHNSTON, K LOUIS, WC LU, A MARGULIES, J MCILHANY, K METCALF, W REEDER, RA SANDBERG, V SCHILLACI, M SMITH, D STANCU, I STROSSMAN, W SULLIVAN, MK VANDALEN, GJ VERNON, W WANG, YX WHITE, DH WHITEHOUSE, D WORKS, D XIAO, Y YELLIN, S AF ATHANASSOPOULOS, C AUERBACH, LB BAUER, DA BOLTON, RD BOYD, B BURMAN, RL CALDWELL, DO COHEN, I DIETERLE, BD DONAHUE, JB EISNER, AM FAZELY, A FEDERSPIEL, FJ GARVEY, GT GRAY, M GUNASINGHA, RM HIGHLAND, V IMLAY, R JOHNSTON, K LOUIS, WC LU, A MARGULIES, J MCILHANY, K METCALF, W REEDER, RA SANDBERG, V SCHILLACI, M SMITH, D STANCU, I STROSSMAN, W SULLIVAN, MK VANDALEN, GJ VERNON, W WANG, YX WHITE, DH WHITEHOUSE, D WORKS, D XIAO, Y YELLIN, S TI CANDIDATE EVENTS IN A SEARCH FOR (NU)OVER-BAR(MU)-](NU)OVER-BAR(E) OSCILLATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID BEAM AB A search for <(nu)over bar>(e)'s in excess of the number expected from conventional sources has been made using the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector, located 30 m behind the Los Alamos Meson Physics Facility beam stop. The <(nu)over bar>(e) are detected via <(nu)over bar>(e) p --> e(+) n with e(+) energy between 36 and 60 MeV, followed by a gamma ray from np --> d gamma (2.2 MeV). Using strict cuts to identify gamma rays correlated with e(+) yields 9 events with only 2.1 +/- 0.3 background expected. A likelihood fit to the entire e(+) sample results in a total excess of 16.4(-8.9)(+9.7) +/- 3.3 events. If attributed to <(nu)over bar>(mu) --> <(nu)over bar>(e) oscillations, this corresponds to an oscillation probability of (0.34(-0.18)(+0.20) +/- 0.07)%. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92501. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF INTERCAMPUS INST RES PARTICLE ACCELERA,STANFORD,CA 94309. EMBRY RIDDLE AERONAUT UNIV,PRESCOTT,AZ 86301. LINFIELD COLL,MCMINNVILLE,OR 97128. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. LOUISIANA TECH UNIV,RUSTON,LA 71272. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SO UNIV BATON ROUGE,BATON ROUGE,LA 70813. RP ATHANASSOPOULOS, C (reprint author), TEMPLE UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19122, USA. NR 12 TC 450 Z9 452 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 14 BP 2650 EP 2653 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2650 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX456 UT WOS:A1995RX45600005 ER PT J AU AHMAD, I AUSTIN, SM BACK, BB BETTS, RR CALAPRICE, FP CHAN, KC CHISHTI, A CHOWDHURY, P CONNER, C DUNFORD, RW FOX, JD FREEDMAN, SJ FREER, M GAZES, SB HALLIN, AL HAPP, T HENDERSON, D KALOSKAMIS, NI KASHY, E KUTSCHERA, W LAST, J LISTER, CJ LIU, M MAIER, MR MERCER, DJ MIKOLAS, D PERERA, PAA RHEIN, MD ROA, DE SCHIFFER, JP TRAINER, TA WILT, P WINFIELD, JS WOLANSKI, M WOLFS, FLH WUOSMAA, AH XU, G YOUNG, A YURKON, JE AF AHMAD, I AUSTIN, SM BACK, BB BETTS, RR CALAPRICE, FP CHAN, KC CHISHTI, A CHOWDHURY, P CONNER, C DUNFORD, RW FOX, JD FREEDMAN, SJ FREER, M GAZES, SB HALLIN, AL HAPP, T HENDERSON, D KALOSKAMIS, NI KASHY, E KUTSCHERA, W LAST, J LISTER, CJ LIU, M MAIER, MR MERCER, DJ MIKOLAS, D PERERA, PAA RHEIN, MD ROA, DE SCHIFFER, JP TRAINER, TA WILT, P WINFIELD, JS WOLANSKI, M WOLFS, FLH WUOSMAA, AH XU, G YOUNG, A YURKON, JE TI SEARCH FOR NARROW SUM-ENERGY LINES IN ELECTRON-POSITRON PAIR EMISSION FROM HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS NEAR THE COULOMB BARRIER SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID NEUTRAL RESONANCES; BHABHA SCATTERING; SENSITIVE SEARCH; TH COLLISIONS; SPECTRA; SYSTEMS; PEAKS AB The first results are presented from a new experiment, APEX, designed to study the previously reported sharp lines in sum-energy spectra of positrons and electrons produced in collisions of very heavy ions. Data were collected for U-238 + Ta-181 at 5.95, 6.10, and 6.30 MeV/u and U-238 + Th-232 at 5.95 MeV/u. In none of our analyses is any evidence found for sharp sum-energy lines. For the specific case of the isolated decay of a neutral particle of mass 1.4-2.1 MeV/c(2), the upper limits on cross sections obtained from the present data are significantly less than the previously reported cross sections. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. YALE UNIV,WRIGHT NUCL STRUCT LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06520. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV ROCHESTER,NUCL STRUCT RES LAB,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. QUEENS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KINGSTON,ON K7L 3N6,CANADA. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH MBH,D-64291 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. UNIV WASHINGTON,NUCL PHYS LAB,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP AHMAD, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Hallin, Aksel/H-5881-2011; Freer, Martin/F-9379-2013 NR 22 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 14 BP 2658 EP 2661 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2658 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX456 UT WOS:A1995RX45600007 ER PT J AU LISA, MA ALBERGO, S BIESER, F BRADY, FP CACCIA, Z CEBRA, DA CHACON, AD CHANCE, JL CHOI, Y COSTA, S ELLIOTT, JB GILKES, ML HAUGER, JA HIRSCH, AS HJORT, EL INSOLIA, A JUSTICE, M KEANE, D KINTNER, J MATIS, HS MCMAHAN, M MCPARLAND, C OLSON, DL PARTLAN, MD PORILE, NT POTENZA, R RAI, G RASMUSSEN, J RITTER, HG ROMANSKI, J ROMERO, JL RUSSO, GV SCHARENBERG, R SCOTT, A SHAO, Y SRIVASTAVA, BK SYMONS, TJM TINCKNELL, M TUVE, C WANG, S WARREN, P WESTFALL, GD WIEMAN, HH WOLF, K AF LISA, MA ALBERGO, S BIESER, F BRADY, FP CACCIA, Z CEBRA, DA CHACON, AD CHANCE, JL CHOI, Y COSTA, S ELLIOTT, JB GILKES, ML HAUGER, JA HIRSCH, AS HJORT, EL INSOLIA, A JUSTICE, M KEANE, D KINTNER, J MATIS, HS MCMAHAN, M MCPARLAND, C OLSON, DL PARTLAN, MD PORILE, NT POTENZA, R RAI, G RASMUSSEN, J RITTER, HG ROMANSKI, J ROMERO, JL RUSSO, GV SCHARENBERG, R SCOTT, A SHAO, Y SRIVASTAVA, BK SYMONS, TJM TINCKNELL, M TUVE, C WANG, S WARREN, P WESTFALL, GD WIEMAN, HH WOLF, K TI RADIAL FLOW IN AU+AU COLLISIONS AT E=(0.25-1.15)A GEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; RELATIVISTIC NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; COLLECTIVE FLOW; INTERMEDIATE; EQUATION; MATTER; STATE; EMISSION; SPECTRA; BLAST AB A systematic study of energy spectra for light particles emitted at midrapidity from Au + Au collisions at E = (0.25-1.15)A GeV reveals a significant nonthermal component consistent with a collective radial flow. This component is evaluated as a function of bombarding energy and event centrality. Comparisons to quantum molecular dynamics and Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck models are made for different equations of state. C1 KENT STATE UNIV,KENT,OH 44242. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. UNIV CATANIA,I-95129 CATANIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-95129 CATANIA,ITALY. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCONDUCTING CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP LISA, MA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Insolia, Antonio/M-3447-2015; TUVE', Cristina/P-3933-2015 OI Insolia, Antonio/0000-0002-9040-1566; TUVE', Cristina/0000-0003-0739-3153 NR 27 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 14 BP 2662 EP 2665 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2662 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX456 UT WOS:A1995RX45600008 ER PT J AU LAND, TA MALKIN, AJ KUZNETSOV, YG MCPHERSON, A DEYOREO, JJ AF LAND, TA MALKIN, AJ KUZNETSOV, YG MCPHERSON, A DEYOREO, JJ TI MECHANISMS OF PROTEIN CRYSTAL-GROWTH - AN ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY STUDY OF CANAVALIN CRYSTALLIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; DIFFUSION AB In situ atomic force microscopy has been used to investigate step dynamics and surface evolution during the growth of single crystals of canavalin, a protein with a well known structure. Growth occurs by step flow on complex dislocation hillocks, and involves the formation and incorporation of small, mobile molecular clusters. Defects in the form of hollow channels are observed and persist over growth times of several days. The results are used to establish a physical picture of the growth mechanism, and estimate the values of the free energy of the step edge, alpha, and the kinetic coefficient, beta. C1 UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT BIOCHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. RP LAND, TA (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 113 Z9 114 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 14 BP 2774 EP 2777 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2774 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX456 UT WOS:A1995RX45600036 ER PT J AU MALKIN, AJ LAND, TA KUZNETSOV, YG MCPHERSON, A DEYOREO, JJ AF MALKIN, AJ LAND, TA KUZNETSOV, YG MCPHERSON, A DEYOREO, JJ TI INVESTIGATION OF VIRUS CRYSTAL-GROWTH MECHANISMS BY IN-SITU ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; ACTIVATION-ENERGY; DIFFUSION; SI(001) AB For the first time, virus crystal growth dynamics and morphology have been investigated in real time on the nanometer scale. Individual monomers on the (111) face of cubic satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV) crystals were resolved and used to determine crystal packing. Growth of STMV proceeded by two- and three-dimensional nucleation to formed ''stacks'' of islands. No dislocations were observed. Small islands provided an estimate of critical radius size and the free energy of the step edge, alpha. Step advancement rates were used to determinate the kinetic coefficient beta. Images illustrate mechanisms for defect incorporation and suggest factors that limit growth rate and uniformity. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP MALKIN, AJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT BIOCHEM,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521, USA. NR 26 TC 114 Z9 115 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 14 BP 2778 EP 2781 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.2778 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX456 UT WOS:A1995RX45600037 ER PT J AU ALEMANY, PA BENAVRAHAM, D AF ALEMANY, PA BENAVRAHAM, D TI INTER-PARTICLE DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS FOR ONE-SPECIES DIFFUSION-LIMITED ANNIHILATION, A+A-]0 SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID NEAREST-NEIGHBOR DISTANCES; ONE DIMENSION; STATISTICAL PROPERTIES; REACTION-KINETICS; MOBILE TRAP; MODEL; SYSTEM; FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSITION; CROSSOVER AB Diffusion-limited annihilation, A + A --> 0, and coalescence, A + A --> A, may both be exactly analyzed in one dimension. While the concentrations of A particles in the two processes bear a simple relation, the inter-particle distribution functions (IPDF) exhibit remarkable differences. However, the IPDF is known exactly only for the coalescence process. We obtain the IPDF for the annihilation process, based on the Glauber spin approach and assuming that the distances between nearest-particle pairs are statistically independent, This assumption is supported by computer simulations. Our analysis sheds further light on the relationship between the annihilation and the coalescence models. C1 UNIV FREIBURG,D-79104 FREIBURG,GERMANY. CLARKSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,POTSDAM,NY 13699. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ALEMANY, PA (reprint author), CTR ATOM BARILOCHE,INST BALSEIRO,RA-8400 BARILOCHE,RIO NEGRO,ARGENTINA. NR 39 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 206 IS 1-2 BP 18 EP 25 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(95)00625-D PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX189 UT WOS:A1995RX18900004 ER PT J AU SULLIVAN, TS BROWN, WJ KERKEL, MD ECKE, RE AF SULLIVAN, TS BROWN, WJ KERKEL, MD ECKE, RE TI TURBULENT CONVECTION AND SURFACE PATTERNING IN SOLID DISSOLUTION SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID THERMAL TURBULENCE; HEAT-TRANSPORT; MASS-TRANSFER; NUMBER; FLOW AB We describe experiments in which single crystals of NaCl, KBr, and NCl are dissolved from below by aqueous solutions containing variable concentrations of the salts. The saturated solution near the solid-liquid interface is gravitationally unstable to turbulent hydrodynamic motion similar to thermal convection. The coupling of the fluid flow with the solid dissolution produces patterns at the solid-liquid interface with a distribution of horizontal and vertical length scales. The rate of mass transfer and the pattern length scales are compared with a turbulent boundary layer model. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SULLIVAN, TS (reprint author), KENYON COLL,DEPT PHYS,GAMBIER,OH 43022, USA. OI Ecke, Robert/0000-0001-7772-5876 NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 206 IS 1-2 BP 49 EP 53 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(95)00626-E PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX189 UT WOS:A1995RX18900008 ER PT J AU MAPLE, MB KRAMER, MJ MCCALLUM, RW AF MAPLE, MB KRAMER, MJ MCCALLUM, RW TI IMPLICATIONS OF ABRIKOSOV-GORKOV EXCHANGE SCATTERING FOR THEORIES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY - COMMENT SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article ID PAIR BREAKING; CU-O; SYSTEM; TC; DIAGRAMS; GD AB Experimental data do not support pair breaking as the primary mechanism for the depression of superconducting transition temperature in rare-earth barium copper oxides doped with magnetic rare-earth ions as asserted by Blackstead and Dow [Phys. Lett. A 206 (1995) 107]. Thus the case for locating mobile charges outside the copper oxide planes is not compelling. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,INST PURE & APPL PHYS SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP MAPLE, MB (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD OCT 2 PY 1995 VL 206 IS 1-2 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(95)00515-5 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX189 UT WOS:A1995RX18900018 ER PT J AU SWEENEY, JJ BRAUN, RL BURNHAM, AK TALUKDAR, S VALLEJOS, C AF SWEENEY, JJ BRAUN, RL BURNHAM, AK TALUKDAR, S VALLEJOS, C TI CHEMICAL KINETIC-MODEL OF HYDROCARBON GENERATION, EXPULSION, AND DESTRUCTION APPLIED TO THE MARACAIBO BASIN, VENEZUELA SO AAPG BULLETIN-AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF PETROLEUM GEOLOGISTS LA English DT Article ID OIL-SHALE; PETROLEUM GENERATION; PYROLYSIS KINETICS; GAS EVOLUTION; SOURCE ROCKS; CRACKING; CANADA; FIELD AB This paper describes the development and application of a compositional chemical model of hydrocarbon generation, expulsion, and destruction for the Cretaceous La Luna Formation source rock of the Maracaibo basin, Venezuela, Applications include both laboratory and geological settings, Laboratory pyrolysis experiments were used to study bulk oil generation, expulsion, and associated changes in composition of the kerogen, extractable organic matter, and expelled and unexpelled hydrocarbons. The laboratory experiments were also used to determine kinetic parameters to quantitatively describe organic reactions, via a computer model that also includes simulation of pressure-driven primary expulsion, over widely varying conditions, We show that the chemical model accurately simulates the experimental results, Thermal history models for wells in the Maracaibo basin were used to simulate hydrocarbon generation and pore pressure development in the La Luna Formation and expulsion into nearby Cretaceous reservoirs, Results of the modeling indicate that both compaction disequilibrium and organic maturation play important roles in the development of excess pore pressure in the La Luna Formation. The model simulation of the variation of indicators such as Rock-Eval parameters and extract and oil compositions shows generally good agreement with measurements from remaining kerogen, oils, and extracts recovered from the La Luna Formation and from nearby Cretaceous reservoirs. C1 DGSI,THE WOODLANDS,TX 77381. INTEVEP SA,LOS TEQUES,VENEZUELA. RP SWEENEY, JJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 37 TC 27 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSN PETROL GEOLOGISTS PI TULSA PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74101 SN 0149-1423 J9 AAPG BULL JI AAPG Bull.-Am. Assoc. Petr. Geol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 79 IS 10 BP 1515 EP 1532 PG 18 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RY628 UT WOS:A1995RY62800006 ER PT J AU GEISER, U SCHLUETER, JA WILLIAMS, JM NAUMANN, D ROY, T AF GEISER, U SCHLUETER, JA WILLIAMS, JM NAUMANN, D ROY, T TI ANION DISORDER IN THE 115-118 K STRUCTURES OF THE ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTORS KAPPA(L)-(BEDT-TTF)(2)CU(CF3)(4)(C2H3CL3) AND KAPPA(L)-(BEDT-TTF)(2)AG(CF3)(4)(C2H3CL3) [BEDT-TTF=3,4-3',4'-BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)-2,2',5,5'-TETRATHIAFULVALENE] SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID (TMTSF)2CLO4; SALTS; PERCHLORATE; TRANSITION; CRYSTAL AB The low-temperature structures of the isostructural organic superconductors kappa(L)-(BEDT-TTF)(2)-Cu(CF3)(4)TCE, 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-2,2'-bis{1,3-dithiolo-[4,5-b][1,4]dithiin}ylidene tetra(trifluoromethyl)copper trichloroethane (1) (transition temperature, T-c = 4K), and kappa(L)-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Ag(CF3)(4)TCE, 5,5',6,6'-tetrahydro-2,2'-bis{1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b][1,4]dithiin}ylidene tetra(trifluoromethyl)silver trichloroethane (2) (T-c = 2.6K), contain crystallographically disordered anions and 1,1,2-trichloroethane (TCE) solvent molecules. Each entity is described as a mirror-symmetric superposition of two asymmetric components. The extent of anion disorder is extraordinary for an organic superconductor. Crystal data: (1) 2C(10)H(8)S(8).CuC4F12.C2H3Cl3, M(r) = 1242.28, orthorhombic, T = 118K, a = 12.918(4), b = 37.899(7), c = 8.487(2)Angstrom, V = 4155.1(18)Angstrom(3), Pnma (D-2h(16), NO. 62), Z = 4, F(000) = 2486, D-x = 1.986 Mg m(-3), mu(Mo K alpha) = 15.74 cm(-1), R = 0.051, wR = 0.039 for 3572 independent reflections with I > 2 sigma(1); (2) 2C(10)H(8)S(8).AgC4F12.C2H3Cl3, M(r) 1286.61, orthorhombic, T = 115 K, a = 12.936(4), b = 37.976(8), c = 8.526(2)Angstrom V = 4188.4(18)Angstrom(3), Pnma (D-2h(16), NO. 62), Z = 4, F(000) = 2553, D-x = 2.040 Mg m(-3) mu(Mo K alpha)= 15.16 cm(-1), R = 0.050, wR = 0.048 for 4022 independent reflections with I > 2 sigma(I). C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV SCI MAT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV COLOGNE,INST ANORGAN CHEM,D-50939 COLOGNE,GERMANY. RP GEISER, U (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7681 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR B JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B-Struct. Commun. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 51 BP 789 EP 797 DI 10.1107/S0108768195000401 PN 5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA TD795 UT WOS:A1995TD79500018 ER PT J AU LESUER, DR SYN, CK SHERBY, OD AF LESUER, DR SYN, CK SHERBY, OD TI FRACTURE-BEHAVIOR OF SPHEROIDIZED HYPEREUTECTOID STEELS SO ACTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article AB A fracture model for spheroidized hypereutectoid steels is developed based on the concept that the stress in the ferrite matrix is the driving force for crack initiation at grain boundaries within the coarse carbides. The ferrite matrix fracture stress, sigma(f,ferr) is calculated by averaging the ferrite stress using upper and lower bound concepts, and by utilizing the fracture strength of the carbide. The analyses and results indicate that the fracture behavior follows a classical fracture mechanics relation in that the fracture strength is a unique function of the reciprocal of the square root of the carbide particle size with sigma(f,ferr) equal to zero at infinite carbide (crack) size. II is concluded that the fracture strength of the iron-iron carbide composite is enhanced by: (i) increasing the strength of grain boundaries within carbides; (ii) decreasing the average carbide size, and (iii) increasing the carbide volume fraction. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. STANFORD UNIV, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, STANFORD, CA 94305 USA. NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0956-7151 J9 ACTA METALL MATER JI Acta Metall. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 43 IS 10 BP 3827 EP 3835 DI 10.1016/0956-7151(95)90166-3 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RW129 UT WOS:A1995RW12900023 ER PT J AU JASINSKI, J KURPIEWSKI, A KORONA, K KAMINSKA, M PALCZEWSKA, M KROTKUS, A MARCINKIEVICIUS, S LILIENTALWEBER, Z TAN, HH JAGADISH, C AF JASINSKI, J KURPIEWSKI, A KORONA, K KAMINSKA, M PALCZEWSKA, M KROTKUS, A MARCINKIEVICIUS, S LILIENTALWEBER, Z TAN, HH JAGADISH, C TI ROLE OF ARSENIC ANTISITE DEFECT IN NONSTOICHIOMETRIC GALLIUM-ARSENIDE SO ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT XXIV International School on Physics of Semiconducting Compounds CY MAY 27-JUN 02, 1995 CL JASZOWIEC, POLAND SP Polish Acad Sci Warsaw, Inst Phys, Warsaw Univ, Fac Phys, Polish Acad Sci Warsaw, High Pressure Res Ctr ID GAAS AB Over the last few years there have been many studies of GaAs layers grown at low temperatures (180-300 degrees C), so called LT GaAs. The interest in LT GaAs was motivated by the potential application of 600 degrees C annealed LT GaAs in microwave and fast optoelectronic devices because of its short photocarrier lifetime, reasonable mobility and high resistivity. These properties are associated with the nonstoichiometry of LT GaAs. Recently, studies of comparable material, nonstoichiometric GaAs produced by arsenic ion implantation have been initiated. There is still a strong controversy as to whether the arsenic antisite (As-Ga) or arsenic precipitates are responsible for unique electrical properties of both materials. This paper presents the results of structural and electrical studies of high energy As implanted GaAs and comments on relationships between the structure and the resulting electrical properties. C1 INST ELECTR MAT TECHNOL,PL-01919 WARSAW,POLAND. INST SEMICOND PHYS,VILNIUS 2600,LITHUANIA. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,DEPT ELECTR MAT & ENGN,CANBERRA,ACT,AUSTRALIA. RP JASINSKI, J (reprint author), UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,HOZA 69,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Tan, Hark Hoe/M-1148-2015 OI Tan, Hark Hoe/0000-0002-7816-537X NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU POLISH ACAD SCIENCES INST PHYSICS PI WARSAW PA AL LOTNIKOW 32-46, 02-668 WARSAW, POLAND SN 0587-4246 J9 ACTA PHYS POL A JI Acta Phys. Pol. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 88 IS 4 BP 747 EP 750 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TG640 UT WOS:A1995TG64000033 ER PT J AU PIETRASS, T GAEDE, HC AF PIETRASS, T GAEDE, HC TI OPTICALLY POLARIZED XE-129 IN NMR-SPECTROSCOPY SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Review ID NUCLEAR-SPIN RELAXATION; ALKALI-METAL ATOMS; MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; SEMICONDUCTOR CLUSTERS; POROUS SILICON; CROSS-POLARIZATION; DENSITY DEPENDENCE; POLYMER SURFACE; ADSORBED XENON; GAS AB The usefulness of xenon as an NMR probe can be extended by using highly spin-polarized Xe-129. Techniques for its exploitation as a surface probe in NMR studies are discussed and examples given of materials that have been investigated, These range from mesoscopic structures such as nanocrystals and porous silicon to high surface area polymers. The Figure shows a Xe-129 NMR image of nested glass tubes (gaps between the tubes are dark). C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PIETRASS, T (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Gaede, Holly/B-7392-2015 OI Gaede, Holly/0000-0003-4444-4394 NR 106 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 4 U2 10 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 7 IS 10 BP 826 EP & DI 10.1002/adma.19950071003 PG 0 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA TB189 UT WOS:A1995TB18900002 ER PT J AU KNUTSON, EO AF KNUTSON, EO TI RANDOM AND SYSTEMATIC-ERRORS IN THE GRADED SCREEN TECHNIQUE FOR MEASURING THE DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENT OF RADON DECAY PRODUCTS SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BATTERY; NANOMETER; PARTICLES; AEROSOLS; WIRE AB Measurement data for the diffusion coefficient of radon progeny from a 1985 experiment was reexamined to give an updated report on the results of the experiment, and to identify and quantify random and systematic errors in the measurement method. The measurement technique used in the 1985 experiment was an early version of a sampler subsequently named the graded screen array (GSA). In this reexamination, the baseline value of the diffusion coefficient of Po-218 from repeated sampling with the GSA was found to be 0.0523 +/- 0.0086 [1 standard deviation (SD)] cm(2) s(-1). The SD was found to be consistent with the propagated random errors associated with adjusting the sampling flow rate, combined with those due to small-number statistics in measuring radioactivity. It was not possible to determine the width of the distribution; narrow distributions fit the data just as well as wide ones. Corrections were made to avoid systematic errors due to inlet losses and recoil losses. The former was significant but the latter was not. RP KNUTSON, EO (reprint author), US DOE,DIV RADIAT PHYS,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,376 HUDSON ST,NEW YORK,NY 10014, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 23 IS 3 BP 301 EP 310 DI 10.1080/02786829508965315 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RW118 UT WOS:A1995RW11800005 ER PT J AU LEONG, KH JONES, MR HOLDRIDGE, DJ IVEY, M AF LEONG, KH JONES, MR HOLDRIDGE, DJ IVEY, M TI DESIGN AND TEST OF A POLAR NEPHELOMETER SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AEROSOL AB This paper describes the design, calibration, and testing of a prototype polar nephelometer that uses a diode laser as the light source. The instrument continuously extracts a stream of aerosol into a sensing head. The scattering of an ensembles of aerosol particles illuminated by a laser beam is measured simultaneously at 15 polar angles from 23 degrees to 128 degrees. Absolute calibration of the nephelometer is obtained using Freon-12 as the scattering medium and the geometry of the sensing head. The prototype has been used successfully to retrieve particle size and refractive index from a monodisperse nonabsorbing aerosol and determine the angular scattering response of atmospheric aerosols with scattering coefficients to 10(-6) m(-1). Problems and limitations encountered with the prototype in long term unattended operation are discussed. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ENVIRONM MONITORING SYST 6612,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP LEONG, KH (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV TECHNOL DEV,ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 23 IS 3 BP 341 EP 356 DI 10.1080/02786829508965319 PG 16 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RW118 UT WOS:A1995RW11800009 ER PT J AU TANG, IN FUNG, KH IMRE, DG MUNKELWITZ, HR AF TANG, IN FUNG, KH IMRE, DG MUNKELWITZ, HR TI PHASE-TRANSFORMATION AND METASTABILITY OF HYGROSCOPIC MICROPARTICLES SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAMAN-SCATTERING; AEROSOL-PARTICLES; WATER ACTIVITY; SPECTROSCOPY; DROPLETS AB The hydration and crystallization of inorganic salt particles are investigated in an electrodynamic balance, in which a levitated single microparticle is undergoing phase transformation and growth under controlled humidity conditions. Laser Raman and Mie scattering techniques are used to probe the chemical and physical state of the microparticle before and after phase transformation. Here, we report first spectroscopic evidence that new metastable solid states form in hygroscopic aerosol particles. Because of the high degree of supersaturation at which a solution droplet solidifies, a metastable crystalline or amorphous state often results. The formation of such state is not predicted from bulk-phase thermodynamics and, in some cases, the resulting metastable state is entirely unknown heretofore. We also document new solid-solution and solid-solid phase transitions which occur exclusively in microparticles. Results are presented for particles composed of (NH4)(2)SO4, Na2SO4, LiClO4, Sr(NO3)(2), KHSO4, RbHSO4 or NH4HSO4, illustrating the common occurrence of metastable states in hygroscopic aerosol particles under ambient conditions. It is also shown that certain thermodynamic properties can be determined with good precision from the vapor solid equilibrium during particle growth. RP TANG, IN (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENVIRONM CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 35 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 23 IS 3 BP 443 EP 453 DI 10.1080/02786829508965327 PG 11 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RW118 UT WOS:A1995RW11800017 ER PT J AU FONTENOT, JD VANCOTT, TC PAREKH, BS PAU, CP GEORGE, JR BIRX, DL ZOLLAPAZNER, S GORNY, MK GATEWOOD, JM AF FONTENOT, JD VANCOTT, TC PAREKH, BS PAU, CP GEORGE, JR BIRX, DL ZOLLAPAZNER, S GORNY, MK GATEWOOD, JM TI PRESENTATION OF HIV V3 LOOP EPITOPES FOR ENHANCED ANTIGENICITY, IMMUNOGENICITY AND DIAGNOSTIC POTENTIAL SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HUMAN MUCIN MUC1; HIV-1; V3 LOOP; TANDEM REPEATS; IMMUNOGENICITY; ANTIGENS; SURFACE PLASMON RESONANCE ID HUMAN MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDE; TYPE-1; MUCIN; GP120; PROTEIN; DOMAIN; IMMUNOASSAY AB Objective: To evaluate the immunological properties of a panel of human mucin MUC1/HIV V3 loop chimeras. Design: The immunodominant epitope of MUC1 (APDTR) was found to be structurally isomorphous with the tip of the principle neutralizing determinant (PND) of HIV-1 (MN) (GPGRA). A panel of 120 residue, six tandem repeat (TR) and 60 residue, three TR chimeric antigens were constructed in which the repeating MUC1 epitope is replaced by HIV-1 PND. Each 20 residue TR contains one PND epitope. The PND of HIV-1 is presented in the native beta-turn conformation at the crest of each repeating knob structure of the mucin-like protein. Methods: The antigenicity of the chimeric antigens were compared using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and HIV-infected patient sera. Structural effects of antibody-antigen interactions were determined using surface plasmon resonance, with human monoclonal antibodies, chimeric antigens and the cyclic and linear V3 loops. Immunogenicity of three versus six TR was measured in mice. Results: Nine residues of the HIV PND substituted into the mucin backbone were equivalent to the 36 residue cyclic V3 loop in ELISA. The 120 residue antigens induced high titer, immunoglobulin (Ig)M and Igc, and HIV-specific antibodies in mice. Conclusions: MUC1/V3 chimeras efficiently detect HIV-specific antibodies in patient sera. Multivalent presentation of the PND is advantageous for higher affinity antibody-antigen interactions and for inducing HIV-specific IgM and IgG antibodies. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS & LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM. WALTER REED ARMY INST RES,DEPT RETROVIRAL RES,ROCKVILLE,MD. CTR DIS CONTROL & PREVENT,NATL CTR INFECT DIS,DIV HIV AIDS,ATLANTA,GA 30333. VET ADM MED CTR,NEW YORK,NY 10010. RP FONTENOT, JD (reprint author), POPULAT COUNCIL,1230 YORK AVE,NEW YORK,NY 10021, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI32891-01A2] NR 44 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 9 IS 10 BP 1121 EP 1129 DI 10.1097/00002030-199510000-00002 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA RW132 UT WOS:A1995RW13200002 PM 8519447 ER PT J AU JASHEMSKI, WF FOSS, JE LEWIS, RJ TIMPSON, ME LEE, SY AF JASHEMSKI, WF FOSS, JE LEWIS, RJ TIMPSON, ME LEE, SY TI ROMAN GARDENS IN TUNISIA - PRELIMINARY EXCAVATIONS IN THE HOUSE-OF-BACCHUS-AND-ARIADNE AND IN THE EAST-TEMPLE-AT-THUBURBO-MAIUS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 95th Annual Meeting of the Archaeological-Institute-of-America CY DEC 29, 1993 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Archaeol Inst Amer AB Tunisia furnishes a most promising field for the study of Roman gardens. A survey of the major sites in 1988 and 1990 showed that the court in some houses was paved with mosaics, but in the great majority of houses there was soil in the courts. Some gardens had been replanted, but in no case had the soil been examined for evidence of ancient plantings. Our preliminary excavations in 1990 at Thuburbo Maius discovered well-preserved evidence of plantings in both the peristyle garden and the courtyard garden of the luxurious House of Bacchus and Ariadne and in the East Temple. It was possible at the last occupation level to detect perfectly preserved outlines of the ancient roots. The soil formed when the roots decayed was of an entirely different texture and color from that of the surrounding soil, thus revealing the ancient planting pattern. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PLANT & SOIL SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37901. NO ARIZONA UNIV,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86011. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP JASHEMSKI, WF (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT HIST,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ARCHAEOLOGICAL INST PI NEW YORK PA 135 WILLIAM ST, NEW YORK, NY 10038-3805 SN 0002-9114 J9 AM J ARCHAEOL JI Am. J. Archaeol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 99 IS 4 BP 559 EP 576 DI 10.2307/506183 PG 18 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA RZ466 UT WOS:A1995RZ46600001 ER PT J AU LERNER, TJ KREMMIDIOTIS, G BOUSTANY, RMN ANDERSON, JW DARIGO, KL BUCKLER, AJ GUSELLA, JF TASCHNER, PEM DEVOS, N MEINCKE, LJ MITCHISON, HM ORAWE, A MUNROE, PB JARVELA, IE LENSINK, IL GARDINER, RM SUTHERLAND, GR CALLEN, DF DOGGETT, NA BREUNING, MH MOLE, SE HAINES, JL AF LERNER, TJ KREMMIDIOTIS, G BOUSTANY, RMN ANDERSON, JW DARIGO, KL BUCKLER, AJ GUSELLA, JF TASCHNER, PEM DEVOS, N MEINCKE, LJ MITCHISON, HM ORAWE, A MUNROE, PB JARVELA, IE LENSINK, IL GARDINER, RM SUTHERLAND, GR CALLEN, DF DOGGETT, NA BREUNING, MH MOLE, SE HAINES, JL TI BATTEN-DISEASE .1. ISOLATION OF A CANDIDATE GENE FOR CLN3 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MOLEC NEUROGENET UNIT, BOSTON, MA USA. HARVARD UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT NEUROL, BOSTON, MA 02115 USA. WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP, DEPT CYTOGENET & MOLEC GENET, ADELAIDE, SA, AUSTRALIA. DUKE UNIV, MED CTR, DURHAM, NC USA. HARVARD UNIV, SCH MED, DEPT GENET, BOSTON, MA USA. LEIDEN UNIV, DEPT HUMAN GENET, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA. UCL, SCH MED, DEPT PEDIAT, LONDON W1N 8AA, ENGLAND. RI Mole, Sara/C-2024-2008; Sutherland, Grant/D-2606-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700023 ER PT J AU DOGGETT, NA CALLEN, DF GOODWIN, LA TESMER, JG MEINCKE, LJ BRUCE, DC ALTHERR, MR FORD, AA TORNEY, DC SUTHERLAND, RD LOWENSTEIN, MG MUNDT, MO BRUNO, WJ KNILL, EH DEAVEN, LL SUTHERLAND, GR RICHARDS, RI MOYZIS, RK AF DOGGETT, NA CALLEN, DF GOODWIN, LA TESMER, JG MEINCKE, LJ BRUCE, DC ALTHERR, MR FORD, AA TORNEY, DC SUTHERLAND, RD LOWENSTEIN, MG MUNDT, MO BRUNO, WJ KNILL, EH DEAVEN, LL SUTHERLAND, GR RICHARDS, RI MOYZIS, RK TI A HIGHLY INTEGRATED MAP OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-16 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP,ADELAIDE,SA,AUSTRALIA. RI Sutherland, Grant/D-2606-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700072 ER PT J AU WEIER, HUG WANG, M GREULICH, KM ZHU, Y CHENG, JF GRAY, JW AF WEIER, HUG WANG, M GREULICH, KM ZHU, Y CHENG, JF GRAY, JW TI QUANTITATIVE DNA FIBER MAPPING - A RAPID TECHNIQUE FOR HIGH-RESOLUTION PHYSICAL MAP ASSEMBLY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR MOLEC CYTOGENET,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 74 EP 74 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700076 ER PT J AU EICHLER, EE LU, F ANTONACCI, R DOGGETT, NA MOYZIS, RK BALDINI, A GIBBS, RA NELSON, DL AF EICHLER, EE LU, F ANTONACCI, R DOGGETT, NA MOYZIS, RK BALDINI, A GIBBS, RA NELSON, DL TI TRANSPOSITION OF A GENE-CLUSTER FROM XQ28 TO 16P11.1 - A PERICENTROMERIC-DIRECTED MECHANISM FOR GENOME EVOLUTION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 CTR HUMAN GENOME,HOUSTON,TX. BAYLOR COLL MED,DEPT MOLEC & HUMAN GENET,HOUSTON,TX. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 86 EP 86 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700085 ER PT J AU AVRAHAM, KB HASSON, T STEEL, KP KINGSLEY, DM RUSSELL, LB MOOSEKER, MS COPELAND, NG JENKINS, NA AF AVRAHAM, KB HASSON, T STEEL, KP KINGSLEY, DM RUSSELL, LB MOOSEKER, MS COPELAND, NG JENKINS, NA TI POSITIONAL CLONING OF THE SNELLS WALTZER GENE - A MOUSE MODEL FOR HUMAN AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE DEAFNESS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NCI,FREDERICK CANC RES & DEV CTR,BIOL RESPONSE MODIFIERS PROGRAM,ABL,FREDERICK,MD 21702. YALE UNIV,DEPT BIOL,NEW HAVEN,CT. UNIV NOTTINGHAM,MRC,INST HEARING RES,NOTTINGHAM,ENGLAND. STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT DEV BIOL,STANFORD,CA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700139 ER PT J AU HECHT, JT NELSON, LD CROWDER, E WANG, Y ELDER, FFB HARRISON, WR FRANCOMONO, CA PRANGE, CK LENNON, GG DEERE, M LAWLER, J AF HECHT, JT NELSON, LD CROWDER, E WANG, Y ELDER, FFB HARRISON, WR FRANCOMONO, CA PRANGE, CK LENNON, GG DEERE, M LAWLER, J TI MUTATIONS IN CARTILAGE OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN (COMP) CAUSE PSEUDOACHONDROPLASIA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV TEXAS,HLTH SCI CTR,HOUSTON,TX. NIH,NATL CTR HUMAN GENOME RES,BETHESDA,MD 20892. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA. HARVARD UNIV,SCH MED,BOSTON,MA 02115. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 242 EP 242 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700242 ER PT J AU STRATHDEE, G JONSSON, JJ SATALOFF, RT YANGFENG, T GRADY, D OVERHAUSER, J AF STRATHDEE, G JONSSON, JJ SATALOFF, RT YANGFENG, T GRADY, D OVERHAUSER, J TI FURTHER DELINEATION OF THE CRITICAL CHROMOSOMAL REGION FOR THE 18Q-SYNDROME SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 250 EP 250 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700252 ER PT J AU STOTLER, CJ LAWRENCE, N RUTTER, M DEAVEN, L MCCORMICK, MK BUCKLER, AJ AF STOTLER, CJ LAWRENCE, N RUTTER, M DEAVEN, L MCCORMICK, MK BUCKLER, AJ TI TRANSCRIPTION AND PHYSICAL MAPPING OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-12 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP,MOLEC NEUROGENET UNIT,BOSTON,MA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 291 EP 291 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700291 ER PT J AU KWITEKBLACK, AW HAIDER, N CARMI, R DOGGETT, N CHARLAT, O NISHIMURA, DY STONE, EM SHEFFIELD, VC AF KWITEKBLACK, AW HAIDER, N CARMI, R DOGGETT, N CHARLAT, O NISHIMURA, DY STONE, EM SHEFFIELD, VC TI GENETIC AND PHYSICAL FINE-MAPPING OF THE HETEROGENEOUS BARDET-BIEDL SYNDROME SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV IOWA,DEPT PEDIAT,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV IOWA,DEPT OPHTHALMOL,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. HARVARD UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 294 EP 294 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700295 ER PT J AU BANGA, S KIM, S HUBBARD, K JHA, K KRAEMER, P OZER, H AF BANGA, S KIM, S HUBBARD, K JHA, K KRAEMER, P OZER, H TI MAPPING OF SEN6, A GENE INVOLVED IN IMMORTALIZATION OF HUMAN FIBROBLASTS, TO CHROMOSOMAL REGION 6Q26-27 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MED & DENT NEW JERSEY,NEW JERSEY MED SCH,DEPT MICROBIOL & MOLEC GENET,NEWARK,NJ 07103. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 309 EP 309 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700307 ER PT J AU COLLINS, C FROULA, J TANNER, M CHENG, JF GODFREY, T KOWBEL, D COCHRAN, J SHAER, A MARTIN, C PALAZZOLO, M HINTZ, M WEIER, U KUO, WL KALLIONIEMI, O GINGRICH, J ROMMENS, J PINKEL, D GRAY, J AF COLLINS, C FROULA, J TANNER, M CHENG, JF GODFREY, T KOWBEL, D COCHRAN, J SHAER, A MARTIN, C PALAZZOLO, M HINTZ, M WEIER, U KUO, WL KALLIONIEMI, O GINGRICH, J ROMMENS, J PINKEL, D GRAY, J TI IDENTIFICATION AND MOLECULAR-CLONING OF A 20Q13.2 AMPLICON IN BREAST-CARCINOMA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA. TAMPERE UNIV HOSP,TAMPERE,FINLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. HOSP SICK CHILDREN,TORONTO,ON M5G 1X8,CANADA. RI Kallioniemi, Olli/H-4738-2012; Kallioniemi, Olli/H-5111-2011 OI Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332; Kallioniemi, Olli/0000-0002-3231-0332 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 328 EP 328 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700328 ER PT J AU VANHUMMELEN, P LOWE, X MEISTRICH, ML WYROBEK, AJ AF VANHUMMELEN, P LOWE, X MEISTRICH, ML WYROBEK, AJ TI A NOVEL MULTIPROBE FISH PROCEDURE FOR THE SIMULTANEOUS DETECTION OF CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS, DISOMY AND DIPLOIDY IN SPERM OF HODGKIN PATIENTS RECEIVING CHEMOTHERAPY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIO BIOTECH RES PROG,LIVERMORE,CA. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,DEPT EXPTL RADIOTHERAPY,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 425 EP 425 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700425 ER PT J AU PATRIZIO, P VANHUMMELEN, P PANICO, E LOWE, X WYROBEK, AJ AF PATRIZIO, P VANHUMMELEN, P PANICO, E LOWE, X WYROBEK, AJ TI SPERM ANEUPLOIDY FREQUENCIES IN MEN WITH CONGENITAL ABSENCE OF THE VAS-DEFERENS (CAVD) WITH OR WITHOUT IDENTIFIED MUTATIONS IN THE CYSTIC-FIBROSIS GENE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,DIV REPROD ENDOCRINOL,IRVINE,CA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIO BIOTECH RES PROG,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 546 EP 546 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700545 ER PT J AU LOWE, X RUBES, J CASSEL, M WYROBEK, AJ AF LOWE, X RUBES, J CASSEL, M WYROBEK, AJ TI THE MAJORITY OF DIPLOID-CELLS IN HUMAN SEMEN ARE SPERM SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA. VET RES INST,BRNO,CZECH REPUBLIC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 667 EP 667 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700668 ER PT J AU WYROBEK, AJ RUBES, J CASSEL, M MOORE, D PERREAULT, S SLOTT, V EVENSON, D ZUDOVA, Z BORKOVEC, L SELEVAN, S LOWE, X AF WYROBEK, AJ RUBES, J CASSEL, M MOORE, D PERREAULT, S SLOTT, V EVENSON, D ZUDOVA, Z BORKOVEC, L SELEVAN, S LOWE, X TI SMOKERS PRODUCE MORE ANEUPLOID SPERM THAN NONSMOKERS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. VET RES INST,CS-62132 BRNO,CZECH REPUBLIC. US EPA,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. UNIV N CAROLINA,CHAPEL HILL,NC. S DAKOTA STATE UNIV,BROOKINGS,SD. INST HYG,BRNO,CZECH REPUBLIC. US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 737 EP 737 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700739 ER PT J AU BENGTSSON, U WINOKUR, ST WASMUTH, JJ ALTHERR, MR AF BENGTSSON, U WINOKUR, ST WASMUTH, JJ ALTHERR, MR TI INTERPHASE STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS OF THE FSHD REGION ON 4Q IN RELATIONSHIP TO THE NUCLEOLAR ORGANIZING REGIONS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 792 EP 792 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700793 ER PT J AU CHIANG, PW SONG, WJ STERNBERG, LR CHENG, JF ABEL, K MILLER, D GLOVER, T CAMPER, S BAKER, D PUETT, S CROMBEZ, E KORENBERG, JR CHEN, XN KURNIT, DM AF CHIANG, PW SONG, WJ STERNBERG, LR CHENG, JF ABEL, K MILLER, D GLOVER, T CAMPER, S BAKER, D PUETT, S CROMBEZ, E KORENBERG, JR CHEN, XN KURNIT, DM TI CLONING OF YEAST SPT6 AND C-ELEGANS EMB-5 HOMOLOG FROM HUMAN AND MOUSE - A GENE INVOLVED IN DEVELOPMENT AND POSSIBLE TUMORIGENESIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MICHIGAN,HOWARD HUGHES MED INST,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PEDIAT,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT HUMAN GENET,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 804 EP 804 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700805 ER PT J AU GARDINER, K PATTERSON, D CHENG, JF AF GARDINER, K PATTERSON, D CHENG, JF TI CANDIDATE GENES FOR CHROMOSOME-21 GENETICALLY LINKED DISEASE - CHARACTERIZATION OF A REGION ABSENT IN CEPH YAC CONTIG SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ELEANOR ROOSEVELT INST,DENVER,CO. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 810 EP 810 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700811 ER PT J AU LIU, N LAMERDIN, JE SICILIANO, MJ CARRANO, AV THOMPSON, LH AF LIU, N LAMERDIN, JE SICILIANO, MJ CARRANO, AV THOMPSON, LH TI MOLECULAR-CLONING OF THE XRCC2 HUMAN DNA-REPAIR GENE, WHICH IS SIMILAR TO RAD51 OF SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. UNIV TEXAS,MD ANDERSON CANC CTR,HOUSTON,TX. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 831 EP 831 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700831 ER PT J AU CROSBY, AH SCHERPBIERHEDDEMA, T WIJMENGA, C ALTHERR, MR MURRAY, JC BUETOW, KH DIXON, MJ AF CROSBY, AH SCHERPBIERHEDDEMA, T WIJMENGA, C ALTHERR, MR MURRAY, JC BUETOW, KH DIXON, MJ TI GENETIC-MAPPING OF THE DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA TYPE-II LOCUS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS LINKAGE ANALYSIS; HUMAN CHROMOSOME-4; LOCALIZATION; RECOMBINATION; GENOME; GC AB Dentinogenesis imperfecta type II (DGI-II) is an autosomal dominant disorder of dentin formation, which has previously been mapped to chromosome 4q12-21. In the current study, six novel short tandem-repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) have been isolated, five of which show significant evidence of linkage to DGI-II. To determine the order of the STRPs and define the genetic distance between them, nine loci (including polymorphisms for two known genes) were mapped through the CEPH reference pedigrees. The resulting genetic map encompasses 16.3 cM on the sex-averaged map. To combine this map with a physical map of the region, all of the STRPs were mapped through a somatic cell hybrid panel. The most likely location for the DGI-II locus within the fixed marker map is in the D4S2691-D4S2692 interval of 6.6 cM. The presence of a marker that shows no recombination with the DGI-II phenotype between the flanking markers provides an important anchor point for the creation of physical continuity across the DGI-II candidate region. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,SCH BIOL SCI,MANCHESTER M13 9PT,LANCS,ENGLAND. UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT DENT MED,MANCHESTER M13 9PT,LANCS,ENGLAND. UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT SURG,MANCHESTER M13 9PT,LANCS,ENGLAND. FOX CHASE CANC CTR,DIV POPULAT SCI,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19111. LEIDEN UNIV,DEPT HUMAN GENET,2300 RA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. UNIV IOWA HOSP & CLIN,DEPT PEDIAT & BIOL SCI,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. RI Wijmenga, Cisca/D-2173-2009; Crosby, Andrew/E-2218-2015; OI Wijmenga, Cisca/0000-0002-5635-1614 FU NHGRI NIH HHS [HG00835]; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE09170]; Wellcome Trust NR 24 TC 31 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 BP 832 EP 839 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RV793 UT WOS:A1995RV79300013 PM 7573043 ER PT J AU MITCHISON, HM MUNROE, PB ORAWE, AM TASCHNER, PEM KREMMIDIOTIS, G LENSINK, I MEINCKE, LI DARIGO, KL DEVOS, N GARDINER, RM CALLEN, DF BREUNING, MH LERNER, TI DOGGETT, NA MOLE, SE AF MITCHISON, HM MUNROE, PB ORAWE, AM TASCHNER, PEM KREMMIDIOTIS, G LENSINK, I MEINCKE, LI DARIGO, KL DEVOS, N GARDINER, RM CALLEN, DF BREUNING, MH LERNER, TI DOGGETT, NA MOLE, SE TI BATTEN-DISEASE .3. GENOMIC STRUCTURE OF A CANDIDATE FOR CLN3 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UCL, SCH MED, DEPT PAEDIAT, LONDON W1N 8AA, ENGLAND. LEIDEN UNIV, DEPT GENET, LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP, DEPT CYTOGENET & MOLEC GENET, ADELAIDE, SA, AUSTRALIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, MOLEC NEUROGENET UNIT, BOSTON, MA USA. RI Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 836 EP 836 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700836 ER PT J AU PEREZCASTRO, AV WILSON, J ALTHERR, MR AF PEREZCASTRO, AV WILSON, J ALTHERR, MR TI COMPARATIVE GENOMIC ORGANIZATION OF THE MOUSE AND HUMAN FIBROBLAST GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR-3 (FGFR-3) GENES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 852 EP 852 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700853 ER PT J AU TASSONE, F CHENE, JF LEE, CC GARDINER, K AF TASSONE, F CHENE, JF LEE, CC GARDINER, K TI COMPARISON OF NOVEL MOUSE AND HUMAN CDNA SEQUENCES - ASSISTANCE IN FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ELEANOR ROOSEVELT INST,DENVER,CO. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. BAYLOR COLL MED,HOUSTON,TX 77030. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 860 EP 860 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700860 ER PT J AU ZIETKIEWICZ, E YOTOVA, V KORABLASKOWSKA, M CARDINAL, G BATZER, M LABUDA, D AF ZIETKIEWICZ, E YOTOVA, V KORABLASKOWSKA, M CARDINAL, G BATZER, M LABUDA, D TI RECONSTRUCTING HUMAN-EVOLUTION BASED ON THE GENEALOGY OF A HAPLOTYPE CONSISTING OF NEUTRAL SUBSTITUTIONS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV MONTREAL,HOP ST JUSTINE,DEPT PEDIAT,CTR RECH,CTR CANCEROL CHARLES BRUNEAU,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 998 EP 998 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68700998 ER PT J AU MOHRENWEISER, H TSUJIMOTO, S SWARTZ, A OLSEN, A BRANDRIFF, B GORDON, L AF MOHRENWEISER, H TSUJIMOTO, S SWARTZ, A OLSEN, A BRANDRIFF, B GORDON, L TI INCORPORATION OF 150 GENETIC-MARKERS INTO THE METRIC PHYSICAL MAP OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-19 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1138 EP 1138 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701136 ER PT J AU OPHOFF, RA TERWINDT, GM VANEIJK, R VERGOUWE, M HOFKER, MH HAAN, J HOFFMAN, S MOHRENWEISER, H FERRARI, MD FRANTS, RR AF OPHOFF, RA TERWINDT, GM VANEIJK, R VERGOUWE, M HOFKER, MH HAAN, J HOFFMAN, S MOHRENWEISER, H FERRARI, MD FRANTS, RR TI GENE FOR FAMILIAL HEMIPLEGIC MIGRAINE ON CHROMOSOME 19P13 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LEIDEN UNIV,MGC,DEPT HUMAN GENET,LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. LEIDEN UNIV,DEPT NEUROL,LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1284 EP 1284 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701281 ER PT J AU TASCHNER, PEM MITCHISON, HM KREMMIDIOTIS, G ORAWE, A MUNROE, PB DEVOS, N BOUSTANY, RM LENSINK, I MEINCKE, LJ ANDERSON, JW DARIGO, KL JARVELA, IE BUCKLER, AJ GUSELLA, JF HAINES, JL GARDINER, RM SUTHERLAND, GR DOGGETT, NA CALLEN, DF MOLE, SE LERNER, TJ BREUNING, MH AF TASCHNER, PEM MITCHISON, HM KREMMIDIOTIS, G ORAWE, A MUNROE, PB DEVOS, N BOUSTANY, RM LENSINK, I MEINCKE, LJ ANDERSON, JW DARIGO, KL JARVELA, IE BUCKLER, AJ GUSELLA, JF HAINES, JL GARDINER, RM SUTHERLAND, GR DOGGETT, NA CALLEN, DF MOLE, SE LERNER, TJ BREUNING, MH TI BATTEN-DISEASE .2. GENOMIC ALTERATIONS IN CLN3 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LEIDEN UNIV, DEPT HUMAN GENET, 2300 RA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. UCL, SCH MED, DEPT PAEDIAT, LONDON W1N 8AA, ENGLAND. WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP, DEPT CYTOGENET & MOLEC GENET, ADELAIDE, SA, AUSTRALIA. MASSACHUSETTS GEN HOSP, MOLEC NEUROGENET UNIT, BOSTON, MA USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM USA. RI Mole, Sara/C-2024-2008; Sutherland, Grant/D-2606-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1328 EP 1328 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701327 ER PT J AU WRIGHT, TJ DENISON, K ALTHERR, MR AF WRIGHT, TJ DENISON, K ALTHERR, MR TI REDEFINITION AND MOLECULAR ANALYSIS OF THE CRITICAL REGION FOR THE WOLF-HIRSCHHORN SYNDROME LOCUS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1346 EP 1346 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701345 ER PT J AU AKSENTIJEVICH, I ALTHERR, M APOSTOLOU, S BALOW, JE BLAKE, T CALLEN, DF CENTOLA, M CHEN, X CHEN, X COLLINS, FS DOGGETT, NA FISCHELGHODSIAN, N GARDNER, D GUMUCIO, D KRIZMAN, DB LEVY, E LIU, P MARRONE, BL PRAS, E PRAS, M RICHARDS, RI ROTTER, JI SHELTON, D SHOHAT, M SOOD, R WOOD, G KASTNER, DL AF AKSENTIJEVICH, I ALTHERR, M APOSTOLOU, S BALOW, JE BLAKE, T CALLEN, DF CENTOLA, M CHEN, X CHEN, X COLLINS, FS DOGGETT, NA FISCHELGHODSIAN, N GARDNER, D GUMUCIO, D KRIZMAN, DB LEVY, E LIU, P MARRONE, BL PRAS, E PRAS, M RICHARDS, RI ROTTER, JI SHELTON, D SHOHAT, M SOOD, R WOOD, G KASTNER, DL TI PHYSICAL AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL MAP OF THE FMF CANDIDATE REGION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 NIAMS,ARB,BETHESDA,MD. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. WOMENS & CHILDRENS HOSP,ADELAIDE,SA,AUSTRALIA. NIH,NCHGR,LGT,BETHESDA,MD. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI. HELLER INST MED RES,TEL HASHOMER,ISRAEL. BEILINSON MED CTR,PETAH TIQWA,ISRAEL. RI Liu, Paul/A-7976-2012; Callen, David/G-1975-2012 OI Liu, Paul/0000-0002-6779-025X; NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1479 EP 1479 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701479 ER PT J AU FORD, AA NARANJO, C DOGGETT, NA LONGMIRE, JL DEAVEN, LL MOYZIS, RK ALTHERR, MR AF FORD, AA NARANJO, C DOGGETT, NA LONGMIRE, JL DEAVEN, LL MOYZIS, RK ALTHERR, MR TI AN EXPRESSED SEQUENCE MAP OF CHROMOSOME-16 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1481 EP 1481 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701480 ER PT J AU DEAVEN, LL BROWN, NC GRADY, DL CAMPBELL, EW CAMPBELL, ML FAWCETT, JJ JEWETT, P MOYZIS, RK LONGMIRE, JL AF DEAVEN, LL BROWN, NC GRADY, DL CAMPBELL, EW CAMPBELL, ML FAWCETT, JJ JEWETT, P MOYZIS, RK LONGMIRE, JL TI PROGRESS TOWARDS THE CONSTRUCTION OF PAC LIBRARIES FROM FLOW-SORTED HUMAN-CHROMOSOMES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1497 EP 1497 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701497 ER PT J AU GERSH, M GRADY, D ROTHSTEIN, J MOYZIS, R OVERHAUSER, J AF GERSH, M GRADY, D ROTHSTEIN, J MOYZIS, R OVERHAUSER, J TI PHYSICAL AND TRANSCRIPTIONAL MAPPING OF THE CAT-LIKE CRY CRITICAL REGION FOR THE CRI-DU-CHAT SYNDROME SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,DEPT OTOLARYNGOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19103. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1505 EP 1505 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701504 ER PT J AU LALIOTI, MD BOTTANI, A MORRIS, MA IOANNOU, P GINGRICH, JC ANTONARAKIS, SE AF LALIOTI, MD BOTTANI, A MORRIS, MA IOANNOU, P GINGRICH, JC ANTONARAKIS, SE TI PROGRESSIVE MYOCLONUS EPILEPSY (EPM1) - IDENTIFICATION OF A LARGE SWISS FAMILY AND PROGRESS TOWARDS THE TRANSCRIPTION MAP OF 21Q22.3 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV GENEVA,SCH MED,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. CANTONAL HOSP,GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. CYPRUS INST NEUROL & GENET,NICOSIA,CYPRUS. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RI Antonarakis, Stylianos/N-8866-2014 OI Antonarakis, Stylianos/0000-0001-8907-5823 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1523 EP 1523 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701522 ER PT J AU LI, QY LENNON, G BROOK, JD AF LI, QY LENNON, G BROOK, JD TI ISOLATION OF GENES FROM THE EDM1/PSACH REGION OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME 19P12-19P13.1 USING EXON AMPLIFICATION SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV NOTTINGHAM HOSP,QUEENS MED CTR,DEPT GENET,NOTTINGHAM NG7 2UH,ENGLAND. CITY HOSP,CTR GENET MED,NOTTINGHAM NG5 1PB,ENGLAND. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME MAPPING L452,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1525 EP 1525 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701526 ER PT J AU MUNDLOS, S KNOLL, JHM MUNDLOS, C HUANG, LF SELBY, P AYLSWORTH, A ALBRIGHT, S HENN, W MULLIKEN, JB OLSEN, BR AF MUNDLOS, S KNOLL, JHM MUNDLOS, C HUANG, LF SELBY, P AYLSWORTH, A ALBRIGHT, S HENN, W MULLIKEN, JB OLSEN, BR TI CLEIDOCRANIAL DYSPLASIA IN MICE AND MEN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 HARVARD UNIV,CHILDRENS HOSP,SCH MED,DIV GENET,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,CHILDRENS HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT CELL BIOL,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,CHILDRENS HOSP,SCH MED,DIV PLAST SURG,BOSTON,MA 02115. HARVARD UNIV,BETH ISRAEL HOSP,SCH MED,DEPT PATHOL,BOSTON,MA 02215. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. UNIV SAARLAND,DEPT GENET,HOMBURG,GERMANY. UNIV N CAROLINA,DEPT GENET,CHAPEL HILL,NC. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1540 EP 1540 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701537 ER PT J AU PETERSON, E ROBINSON, D CHASTEEN, L SUTHERLAND, R THOMPSON, L GERSH, M OVERHAUSER, J DEAVEN, L MOYZIS, R GRADY, D AF PETERSON, E ROBINSON, D CHASTEEN, L SUTHERLAND, R THOMPSON, L GERSH, M OVERHAUSER, J DEAVEN, L MOYZIS, R GRADY, D TI A MEGA-YAC CONTIG OF THE SHORT ARM OF HUMAN-CHROMOSOME-5 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIV,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1554 EP 1554 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701553 ER PT J AU SEMINA, EV MURRAY, JC LEYSENS, N YOSHIURA, K ALTHERR, M AF SEMINA, EV MURRAY, JC LEYSENS, N YOSHIURA, K ALTHERR, M TI PROGRESS IN POSITIONAL CLONING OF RIEGER GENE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 UNIV IOWA,COLL MED,IOWA CITY,IA. NAGASAKI UNIV,SCH MED,NAGASAKI 852,JAPAN. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1565 EP 1565 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701564 ER PT J AU WEIFFENBACH, B MANNING, S LIU, Z BUTLER, C MCDOUGALL, S UBERBACHER, E BORODOVSKY, M SMITH, DR AF WEIFFENBACH, B MANNING, S LIU, Z BUTLER, C MCDOUGALL, S UBERBACHER, E BORODOVSKY, M SMITH, DR TI UTILIZATION OF COSMID SEQUENCE IN THE FACIOSCAPULOHUMERAL MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY (FSHD) GENE REGION TO IDENTITY CANDIDATE GENES FOR FSHD SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 GENOME THERAPEUT CORP,WALTHAM,MA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1588 EP 1588 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701585 ER PT J AU ZINGG, BC WATANABE, M THELEN, MP MOHRENWEISER, HW AF ZINGG, BC WATANABE, M THELEN, MP MOHRENWEISER, HW TI CHARACTERIZATION OF POINT MUTATIONS AND DELETION MUTATIONS IN A SERIES OF NULL ALLELES AT THE TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE LOCUS IN HUMANS AND MICE SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. NIHS,TOKYO,JAPAN. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1944 EP 1944 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701945 ER PT J AU JOUTEL, A DUCROS, A ALAMOWITCH, S VAHEDI, K CHABRIAT, H DOMENGA, V RONI, V MACIAZEK, J PRIEUR, M MOHRENWEISER, H BOUSSER, MG TOURNIERLASSERVE, E AF JOUTEL, A DUCROS, A ALAMOWITCH, S VAHEDI, K CHABRIAT, H DOMENGA, V RONI, V MACIAZEK, J PRIEUR, M MOHRENWEISER, H BOUSSER, MG TOURNIERLASSERVE, E TI IDENTIFICATION OF EXPRESSED SEQUENCES FROM THE CADASIL REGION ON 19P SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 FAC MED NECKER ENFANTS MALAD,INSERM,U25,PARIS,FRANCE. HOP ST ANTOINE,PARIS,FRANCE. HOP NECKER ENFANTS MALAD,PARIS,FRANCE. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RI Chabriat, Hugues/G-5699-2010 OI Chabriat, Hugues/0000-0001-8436-6074 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0002-9297 J9 AM J HUM GENET JI Am. J. Hum. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 57 IS 4 SU S BP 1985 EP 1985 PG 1 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA RW687 UT WOS:A1995RW68701983 ER PT J AU SEIGEL, RA LORAINE, RK GIBBONS, JW AF SEIGEL, RA LORAINE, RK GIBBONS, JW TI REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLES AND TEMPORAL VARIATION IN FECUNDITY IN THE BLACK SWAMP SNAKE, SEMINATRIX PYGAEA SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST LA English DT Article ID PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; BODY-MASS; RATTLESNAKE; POPULATION; ECOLOGY AB We studied the reproductive ecology of female black swamp snakes (Seminatrix pygaea) at Ellenton Bay, South Carolina, from 1983-1987. Females followed a Type I reproductive cycle, with rapid follicular growth in the spring, ovulation in June, and parturition in early August. There was no evidence of multiple clutches but most females were reproductively active in all years. Mean brood size for 70 females was 8.0 (range = 4-15) offspring, and brood size was positively related to maternal body size. Variability in reproductive traits was low. Despite a severe decrease in food availability in the last year of the study, we found no significant variation in mean brood size or proportion of females gravid among years, in contrast to studies on most other species of snakes followed for more than 2 yr. However, the relationship between brood size and female size differed among years. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST PI NOTRE DAME PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 SN 0003-0031 J9 AM MIDL NAT JI Am. Midl. Nat. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 134 IS 2 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.2307/2426306 PG 7 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TA729 UT WOS:A1995TA72900016 ER PT J AU CHEN, DH PETERSON, MD BRUMLEY, RL GIDDINGS, MC BUXTON, EC WESTPHALL, M SMITH, L SMITH, LM AF CHEN, DH PETERSON, MD BRUMLEY, RL GIDDINGS, MC BUXTON, EC WESTPHALL, M SMITH, L SMITH, LM TI SIDE EXCITATION OF FLUORESCENCE IN ULTRATHIN SLAB GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DNA; OPTIMIZATION AB Recent work has demonstrated the advantages of ultrathin slab gel electrophoresis for fluorescence-based automated DNA sequence analysis. The increased heat transfer efficiency of the thin (typically 50-100 mu m) gels permits higher electric fields to be employed with concomitant increases in separation speed. Issues arise, however, in introducing the laser beam used for fluorescence excitation into the thin gels. This paper presents methods for bringing the excitation beam into the thin gels from the side. This permits a low-power air-cooled argon ion laser source to be utilized and produces much lower fluorescence and scattering background than alternative approaches. The beam is effectively trapped between the plates due to the high efficiency of reflection at the low-angle grazing incidence of the beam. A theoretical model describing beam throughput was developed which agrees web with experimental observations. In this model, attenuation of the beam intensity is attributed to four factors: aperturing at the entrance of the gel; reflective losses upon entrance into the gel; scattering during transmission through the gel; and reflective losses occurring upon successive ''bounces'' of the beam from the gel-glass interface during propagation of the beam. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM,MADISON,WI 53706. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 13 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 19 BP 3405 EP 3411 DI 10.1021/ac00115a007 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RX222 UT WOS:A1995RX22200011 ER PT J AU GORSHKOV, MV KOUZES, RT AF GORSHKOV, MV KOUZES, RT TI DATA REFLECTION ALGORITHM FOR SPECTRAL ENHANCEMENT IN FOURIER-TRANSFORM ICR AND NMR SPECTROSCOPIES SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CYCLOTRON RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY; RESOLUTION AB The use of a data reflection algorithm in which the signal acquired in real time is juxtaposed with the same signal reflected relatively to zero time axis through exact phase matching is considered. Because of the additional information provided by a knowledge of the exact initial phase of the signal, the resulting Fourier transform (FT) spectra have a higher resolution and signal-to-noise ratio. This algorithm was applied to ion cyclotron resonance and nuclear magnetic resonance time-domain signals. In both cases, the method improved the FT spectra compared with the original ones. It was found that artifacts may result from the time delay between the end of the excitation event and the beginning of the acquisition period, as web as from time-dependent excitation wave forms such as chirp excitation. Possible ways to decrease or eliminate the artifacts are considered. Comparison to other spectral enhancement techniques is made. RP GORSHKOV, MV (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, BATTELLE BLVD,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Gorshkov, Mikhail/E-8522-2010; Gorshkov, Mikhail/N-4984-2013 OI Gorshkov, Mikhail/0000-0001-9572-3452 NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 19 BP 3412 EP 3420 DI 10.1021/ac00115a008 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RX222 UT WOS:A1995RX22200012 ER PT J AU TANG, Q HARRATA, AK LEE, CS AF TANG, Q HARRATA, AK LEE, CS TI CAPILLARY ISOELECTRIC-FOCUSING ELECTROSPRAY MASS-SPECTROMETRY FOR PROTEIN-ANALYSIS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INDUCED CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; ON-COLUMN TRANSIENT; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; DETECTION LIMITS; ION SPRAY; IONIZATION; PERFORMANCE; PRECONCENTRATION; POLYPEPTIDES; IMPROVEMENT AB On-line combination of capillary isoelectric focusing (CIEF) with electrospray mass spectrometry (ESMS) as a two-dimensional separation system is demonstrated. Mixtures of model proteins including cytochrome c (horse heart), myoglobin (horse heart), and carbonic anhydrase II (bovine erythrocyte) are focused and cathodically mobilized in a polyacrylamide-coated capillary. At the end of CIEF capillary, the mobilized protein zones are analyzed by mass spectrometry coupled on-line to an electrospray interface with a coaxial sheath now configuration. The effects of carrier ampholyte concentration on the CIEF separation and the protein electrospray ionization mass spectra are presented and discussed. In this study, the focusing effect of CIEF permits analysis of very dilute protein samples. A typical concentration factor of 50-100 times is observed. The concentration detection limit of myoglobin for a full-scan CIEF-ESMS analysis is in the range of 10(-7) M, 2 orders of magnitude over that possible with normal capillary zone electrophoresis ESMS. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 35 TC 82 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 19 BP 3515 EP 3519 DI 10.1021/ac00115a021 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RX222 UT WOS:A1995RX22200025 ER PT J AU GRUNTHANER, FJ RICCO, AJ BUTLER, MA LANE, AL MCKAY, CP ZENT, AP QUINN, RC MURRAY, B KLEIN, HP LEVIN, GV TERHUNE, RW HOMER, ML KSENDZOV, A NIEDERMANN, P AF GRUNTHANER, FJ RICCO, AJ BUTLER, MA LANE, AL MCKAY, CP ZENT, AP QUINN, RC MURRAY, B KLEIN, HP LEVIN, GV TERHUNE, RW HOMER, ML KSENDZOV, A NIEDERMANN, P TI INVESTIGATING THE SURFACE-CHEMISTRY OF MARS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID FIBER OPTIC MICROMIRROR; FILMS; LIFE C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT MICROSENSOR RES & DEV,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,NANOTECHNOL & SCI GRP,PASADENA,CA. NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035. SANTA CLARA UNIV,SANTA CLARA,CA 95053. BIOSPHER INC,SAN DIEGO,CA. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,SEMICOND SENSOR TECHNOL GRP,TECH STAFF,PASADENA,CA. RI Ricco, Antonio/A-5273-2010 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-AC04-94AL85000] NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 19 BP A605 EP A610 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RX222 UT WOS:A1995RX22200004 PM 11536721 ER PT J AU MENEGHETTI, D AF MENEGHETTI, D TI COOLANT TEMPERATURE TRENDS IN EBR-II REFLECTOR SUBASSEMBLIES SO ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY LA English DT Article AB The radial-reflector subassemblies of the Experimental Breeder Reactor-II (EBR-II) are in the form of large hexagonal-shaped steel blocks inserted into a hexagonal-shaped steel duct with sodium coolant flowing upward in the thin space between the blocks and duct. This geometry combined with the small coolant flow rates and gamma energy deposition rates cause the coolant temperature distributions to be greatly affected by intersubassembly heat transfers. Reported are calculated trends of the coolant temperatures in the six facial intraduct gaps of radial reflector subassemblies surrounding a seven-rowed core and a six-rowed core. Effects of overall changes of reflector region hows and powers are also examined. RP MENEGHETTI, D (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0306-4549 J9 ANN NUCL ENERGY JI Ann. Nucl. Energy PD OCT PY 1995 VL 22 IS 10 BP 659 EP 670 DI 10.1016/0306-4549(94)00095-V PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RF817 UT WOS:A1995RF81700003 ER PT J AU LESLIE, SB ISRAELI, E LIGHTHART, B CROWE, JH CROWE, LM AF LESLIE, SB ISRAELI, E LIGHTHART, B CROWE, JH CROWE, LM TI TREHALOSE AND SUCROSE PROTECT BOTH MEMBRANES AND PROTEINS IN INTACT BACTERIA DURING DRYING SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; LIPID PHASE-TRANSITIONS; FREEZE-DRIED LIPOSOMES; STABILIZATION; POLLEN; SUGARS; PHOSPHOFRUCTOKINASE; PRESERVATION; DESICCATION; SPECTRA AB The microorganisms Escherichia coli DH5 alpha and Bacillus thuringiensis I-ID-I show an increased tolerance to freeze-drying when dried in the presence of the disaccharides trehalose and sucrose. When the bacteria were dried with 100 mM trehalose, 70% of the E. coli and 57% of the B. thuringiensis organisms survived, compared with 56 and 44%, respectively, when they were dried with sucrose. Only 8% of the E. coli and 14% of the B. thuringiensis organisms survived drying without the sugars, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to investigate the role of membrane phase transitions in the survival of the organisms during drying and rehydration. Both E. coli and B. thuringiensis showed an increase of 30 to 40 degrees C in the temperature of their phospholipid phase transition when dried without the sugars, while phase transition temperatures of those dried with the sugars remained near those of the hydrated cells. A Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy microscope made it possible to investigate the effects of drying on the protein structure in the intact cells. The amide II peak shifts from 1,543 cm(-1) in the hydrated cells to about 1,533 cm(-1) in the cells dried without sugar, There is no shift in the amide II peak when the cells are dried with trehalose or sucrose. We attribute the increased survival to the sugars' ability to lower the membrane phase transition temperature and to protect protein structure in the dry state. In addition to increasing the immediate survival of both species, the addition of trehalose protected the cells from the adverse effects of exposure to light and air while dry, E. coli dried with trehalose and exposed to light and air for 4 h had an increase in CFU of between 2,000 and 4,000 times the number obtained with E. coli dried without trehalose, B. thuringiensis showed an increase in CFU of 150% in samples dried with trehalose compared with samples dried without trehalose. The cells dried with sucrose did not show an increased tolerance to exposure following drying. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,MOLEC & CELLULAR BIOL SECT,DAVIS,CA 95616. ISRAEL INST BIOL RES,IL-74100 NESS ZIONA,ISRAEL. US EPA,ENVIRONM RES LAB,CORVALLIS,OR 97333. NR 37 TC 558 Z9 586 U1 7 U2 72 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 61 IS 10 BP 3592 EP 3597 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA RY071 UT WOS:A1995RY07100013 PM 7486995 ER PT J AU PADUKONE, N EVANS, KW MCMILLAN, JD WYMAN, CE AF PADUKONE, N EVANS, KW MCMILLAN, JD WYMAN, CE TI CHARACTERIZATION OF RECOMBINANT ESCHERICHIA-COLI ATCC-11303 (PLOI-297) IN THE CONVERSION OF CELLULOSE AND XYLOSE TO ETHANOL SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENGINEERED ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ZYMOMONAS-MOBILIS GENES; KLEBSIELLA-OXYTOCA; FERMENTATION; HARDWOOD; GLUCOSE AB This work describes the characterization of recombinant Escherichia coli ATCC 11303 (pLOI 297) in the production of ethanol from cellulose and xylose. We have examined the fermentation of glucose and xylose, both individually and in mixtures, and the selectivity of ethanol production under various conditions of operation. Xylose metabolism was strongly inhibited by the presence of glucose. Ethanol was a strong inhibitor of both glucose and xylose fermentations; the maximum ethanol levels achieved at 37 degrees C and 42 degrees C were about 50 g/l and 25 g/l respectively. Simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of cellulose with recombinant E. coli and exogenous cellulose showed a high ethanol yield (84% of theoretical) in the hydrolysis regime of pH 5.0 and 37 degrees C. The selectivity of organic acid formation relative to that of ethanol increased at extreme levels of initial glucose concentration; production of succinic and acetic acids increased at low levels of glucose (<1 g/l), and lactic acid production increased when initial glucose was higher than 100 g/l. RP PADUKONE, N (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,DIV ALTERNAT FUELS,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 28 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 43 IS 5 BP 850 EP 855 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TA336 UT WOS:A1995TA33600013 PM 7576551 ER PT J AU VANDERBERG, LA PERRY, JJ UNKEFER, PJ AF VANDERBERG, LA PERRY, JJ UNKEFER, PJ TI CATABOLISM OF 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE BY MYCOBACTERIUM-VACCAE SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIAL TRANSFORMATION; PSEUDOMONAS SP; BIODEGRADATION; NITROPHENOL AB Mycobacterium vaccae strain JOB-5 cometabolized 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in the presence of propane as a carbon and energy source. Two novel oxidized metabolites, as well as several known reduced products, were generated during catabolism of TNT by M. vaccae During the cometabolic process, there was transient production of a brown chromophore. This compound was identified as 4-amino-2,6-dinitrobenzoic acid. When M. vaccae was incubated with [C-14]TNT and propane, 50% of the added radiolabel was incorporated into the cellular lipid fraction. These results suggest that ring cleavage occurred prior to the incorporation of radiolabelled carbon into phosphatidyl-L-serine, phosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin, and other polar lipids. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT MICROBIOL,RALEIGH,NC 27695. NR 31 TC 30 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 43 IS 5 BP 937 EP 945 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TA336 UT WOS:A1995TA33600026 PM 7576561 ER PT J AU DASILVA, LB BARBEE, TW CAUBLE, R CELLIERS, P CIARLO, D MORENO, JC MROWKA, S TREBES, JE WAN, AS WEBER, F AF DASILVA, LB BARBEE, TW CAUBLE, R CELLIERS, P CIARLO, D MORENO, JC MROWKA, S TREBES, JE WAN, AS WEBER, F TI EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET INTERFEROMETRY AT 15.5 NM USING MULTILAYER OPTICS SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY INTERFEROMETRY; LASER AB The development of multilayer mirror technology capable of operating in the range of 3-30 nm and the construction of thin membranes with excellent uniformity and strength have made it possible to design and implement a Mach-Zehnder interferometer operating at 15.5 nm. We have tested this interferometer by using a soft x-ray laser as a source, and we show its use in probing high-density plasmas. RP DASILVA, LB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,M-SL-447,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 16 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 28 BP 6389 EP 6392 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA RW227 UT WOS:A1995RW22700010 PM 21060485 ER PT J AU SPALLAS, JP HOSTETLER, RE SOMMARGREN, GE KANIA, DR AF SPALLAS, JP HOSTETLER, RE SOMMARGREN, GE KANIA, DR TI FABRICATION OF EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET POINT-DIFFRACTION INTERFEROMETER APERTURE ARRAYS SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE POINT-DIFFRACTION INTERFEROMETER; EXTREME-ULTRAVIOLET LITHOGRAPHY; MEMBRANE; PINHOLE AB Interferometric testing at the design wavelength is required for accurately characterizing the wave front of an imaging system operating in the extreme ultraviolet. The fabrication of point-diffraction interferometer apertures for extreme ultraviolet wave-front aberration analysis is described. The apertures are formed in a 200-nm-thick low-pressure chemical-vapor-deposited Si3N4 film and vary in size from approximately 0.10 to 0.50 mu m to generate a reference wave front of varying numerical aperture. A graded absorber overcoat is used to control the intensity of the aberrated wave front. Optimal fringe contrast can be obtained when the aperture that provides the maximum uniformity and contrast in the interference plane is selected. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SPALLAS, JP (reprint author), RAY RASKIN ASSOCIATES,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 28 BP 6393 EP 6398 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA RW227 UT WOS:A1995RW22700011 PM 21060486 ER PT J AU SEELY, JF KOWALSKI, MP HUNTER, WR BARBEE, TW CRUDDACE, RG RIFE, JC AF SEELY, JF KOWALSKI, MP HUNTER, WR BARBEE, TW CRUDDACE, RG RIFE, JC TI NORMAL-INCIDENCE EFFICIENCIES IN THE 115-340-ANGSTROM WAVELENGTH REGION OF REPLICAS OF THE SKYLAB 3600-LINE/MM GRATING WITH MULTILAYER AND GOLD COATING SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL MONOCHROMATOR; PERFORMANCE AB Multilayer and gold coatings were applied to replicas of the 3600-line/mm ruled grating that was developed for the Naval Research Laboratory S082A spectroheliograph that was flown on the Skylab spacecraft. The Mo-Si multilayer coating had a peak normal-incidence reflectance of 50% at a wavelength of 136 Angstrom. The normal-incidence efficiency of the multilayer-coated grating was measured by the use of synchrotron radiation and was compared with the efficiency of the gold-coated replica grating in the 115-340-Angstrom wavelength region. The peak efficiency of the multilayer grating was 1.3% in the 133-137-Angstrom. region and was a factor of 65 higher than the efficiency of the gold grating. The multilayer and gold coated gratings, as well as an uncoated replica grating substrate, were characterized by the use of a scanning probe microscope. The rms microroughness of the uncoated and multilayer-coated gratings was 10 Angstrom, and the microroughness of the gold grating was 16 Angstrom. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. SFA INC,LANDOVER,MD 20785. RP SEELY, JF (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 28 BP 6453 EP 6458 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA RW227 UT WOS:A1995RW22700019 PM 21060494 ER PT J AU BIXLER, JV MAUCHE, CW HAILEY, CJ MADISON, L AF BIXLER, JV MAUCHE, CW HAILEY, CJ MADISON, L TI REFLECTIVITY AND SCATTERING MEASUREMENTS OF AN ADVANCED X-RAY ASTROPHYSICS FACILITY TEST COATING SAMPLE SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE MIRRORS; X RAYS AB Reflectivity and scattering profile measurements were made on a gold-coated witness sample produced to evaluate mirror coatings for the Advanced X-ray Astrophysics Facility program. Reflectivity measurements were made at Al K, Ti K, and Cu K energies as a function of incident graze angle, The results are fit to a model that includes the effects of roughness, particulate and organic contamination layers, and gold-coating density. Reflectivities are close to theoretical, with the difference being well accounted for by 4.1 Angstrom of roughness at spatial frequencies above 4 mu m(-1), a gold-coating density equal to 0.98 bulk, and a surface contaminant layer 27 Angstrom thick. Scattering measurements extending to +/- 35 arcmin of the line center were obtained by the use of Al K x rays and incidence angles from 0.75 degrees to 3 degrees. The scattering profiles imply a power spectral density of surface-scattering frequencies that follows a power law with an index of -1.0 and a total surface roughness for the spatial frequency band between 0.05 mu m(-1) and 4 mu m(-1) of 3.3 Angstrom. Combining the roughnesses derived from both the reflectivity and scattering measurements yields a total roughness of 5.3 Angstrom for scattering frequencies between 0.05 mu m(-1) and 15,000 mu m(-1). RP BIXLER, JV (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,EXPTL ASTROPHYS LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 28 BP 6542 EP 6551 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA RW227 UT WOS:A1995RW22700033 PM 21060508 ER PT J AU LI, QB YEUNG, ES AF LI, QB YEUNG, ES TI SIMPLE 2-COLOR BASE-CALLING SCHEMES FOR DNA-SEQUENCING BASED ON STANDARD 4-LABEL SANGER CHEMISTRY SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE DNA SEQUENCING; CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; BASE CALLING; SPECTROSCOPIC IMAGING ID CAPILLARY-ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS AB Two base-calling schemes for DNA sequencing are evaluated. Both are based on data collected from two broad-band emission channels derived from either one- or two-excitation channels. Standard four-dye Sanger reaction products are used in conjunction with capillary electrophoretic separation in a polymer matrix. Data acquisition is compatible with high light-throughput imaging and minimal data storage. In one scheme, commercial chromatographic software provides peak recognition and peak heights. The peak-height ratios from the two channels provide base-calling accuracies of 99.3% and 97.1% through 330 bp and 350 bp, respectively. In another scheme, ratiograms are derived from the two channels. The resulting step-like functions permit the calling of bases even when successive peaks are not resolved. The base-calling accuracy is 99% through 340 bp. Because of simplicity in implementation, either scheme should be readily applicable to high-speed, high-throughput DNA sequencing in capillary arrays. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA PO BOX 1438, FREDERICK, MD 21701 SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1528 EP 1533 DI 10.1366/0003702953965470 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA TD154 UT WOS:A1995TD15400021 ER PT J AU SCHULTZ, IR HAYTON, WL KEMMENOE, BH AF SCHULTZ, IR HAYTON, WL KEMMENOE, BH TI DISPOSITION AND TOXICOKINETICS OF DIQUAT IN CHANNEL CATFISH SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIQUAT; ICTALURUS PUNCTATUS; DISPOSITION; TOXICOKINETICS ID TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; OXIDATIVE STRESS; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; BLOOD-FLOW; PARAQUAT; RATS; PHARMACOKINETICS AB The disposition of the aquatic herbicide diquat was studied in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus)after water exposure to C-14-diquat dibromide concentrations of 5 and 20 mu g/ml for up to 6 days. An apparent steady-state plasma concentration of 0.6% of the exposure water concentration was achieved after 24 h, and steady-state tissue levels were reached by 72 h. The highest steady-state concentration of diquat occurred in the trunk kidney, which was about 100 times that observed in plasma. Diquat concentrations in white muscle were low and similar to plasma levels of diquat. Autoradiographs of sagittal sections of a catfish exposed to C-14-diquat dibromide also indicated that the highest concentration of residue present in the animal was located in the trunk kidney and that lower concentrations were associated with the liver and gills. The majority of liver residue, and especially that in the bile, was unidentified metabolites. After intravascular administration of 1 mg/kg, toxicokinetic analysis of the plasma concentration-time profile of diquat using a two-compartment model provided the following values: steady-state volume of distribution (V-ss) = 2920 +/- 740 ml kg(-1); total body clearance (Cl-b) = 87.8 +/- 27 ml h(-1) kg(-1) and elimination halflife (t(1/2 beta)) = 35.8 +/- 8.9 h. C1 OHIO STATE UNIV,COLL PHARM,COLUMBUS,OH 43210. RP SCHULTZ, IR (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-445X J9 AQUAT TOXICOL JI Aquat. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 33 IS 3-4 BP 297 EP 310 DI 10.1016/0166-445X(95)00018-Y PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA TA989 UT WOS:A1995TA98900008 ER PT J AU MCCALL, M TANG, JY BIELICKI, JK FORTE, TM AF MCCALL, M TANG, JY BIELICKI, JK FORTE, TM TI INHIBITION OF LECITHIN-CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE AND MODIFICATION OF HDL APOLIPOPROTEINS BY ALDEHYDES SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE LECITHIN-CHOLESTEROL ACYLTRANSFERASE; REVERSE CHOLESTEROL TRANSPORT; APOLIPOPROTEINS; A-I AND A-II; ALPHA,BETA-UNSATURATED ALDEHYDES; HDL ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; HERITABLE HYPERLIPIDEMIC RABBITS; HUMAN BLOOD-PLASMA; OXIDATIVE MODIFICATION; ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS; MONOCYTE-MACROPHAGES; CULTURED FIBROBLASTS; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; POTENTIAL ROLE; HEART-DISEASE AB Experimental evidence suggests that aldehydes generated as a consequence of lipid peroxidation may be involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. It is well documented that aldehydes modify LDL; however, less is known concerning the effects of aldehydes on other plasma and interstitial fluid components. In the present study, we investigated the effects of five physiologically relevant aldehydes (acetaldehyde, acrolein, hexanal, 4-hydroxynonenal [HNE], and malondialdehyde [MDA]) on two key constituents of the antiatherogenic reverse cholesterol transport pathway, lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and HDL. Human plasma was incubated for 3 hours at 37 degrees C with each one of the five aldehydes at concentrations ranging from 0.16 to 84 mmol/L. Dose-dependent decreases in LCAT activity were observed. The short-chain (acrolein) and long-chain (HNE) alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes were the most effective LCAT inhibitors. Micromolar concentrations of these unsaturated aldehydes resulted in significant reductions in plasma LCAT activity. The short- and longer-chain saturated aldehydes acetaldehyde and hexanal and the dialdehyde MDA were considerably less effective at inhibiting LCAT than were acrolein and HNE. In addition to inhibiting LCAT, aldehydes increased HDL electrophoretic mobility and cross-linked HDL apolipoproteins. Cross-linking of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II required higher aldehyde concentrations than inhibition of LCAT. The alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes acrolein and HNE were fourfold to eightfold more effective cross-linkers of apolipoproteins A-I and A-II than the other aldehydes studied. These data suggest that products of lipid peroxidation, especially unsaturated aldehydes, may interfere with normal HDL cholesterol transport by inhibiting LCAT and modifying HDL apolipoproteins. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT MOLEC & NUCL MED,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-18574] NR 48 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscl. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 15 IS 10 BP 1599 EP 1606 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA RZ865 UT WOS:A1995RZ86500010 PM 7583533 ER PT J AU WINTERS, JM FLEISCHER, AJ GAUGER, A SEDLMAYR, E AF WINTERS, JM FLEISCHER, AJ GAUGER, A SEDLMAYR, E TI CIRCUMSTELLAR DUST SHELLS AROUND LONG-PERIOD VARIABLES .4. BRIGHTNESS PROFILES AND SPATIAL SPECTRA OF C-STARS SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE HYDRODYNAMICS; RADIATIVE TRANSFER; STARS, CARBON; CIRCUMSTELLAR MATTER ID CARBON STARS; STELLAR WINDS; IRC +10216; MASS-LOSS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; IRC+10216; ATMOSPHERES; ENVELOPES; GRAINS AB Theoretical brightness profiles and spatial spectra of dynamical models for circumstellar dust shells of long-period variables are presented. Based on dynamical models of circumstellar dust shells, which include time-dependent hydrodynamics and a detailed treatment of the processes of formation, growth and evaporation of carbon grains, frequency-dependent radiative transfer calculations have been carried out which yield the synthetic brightness distributions and spatial spectra of these dust shell models. The brightness profiles show a pronounced time-dependent internal structure on a spatial scale of a few stellar radii, which reflects the discrete shell-like distribution of dust across the circumstellar shell. Internal structures are also present in the synthetic spatial spectra (or visibilities) calculated from these intensity profiles. Similar structures, which are present in the observed brightness profiles and spatial spectra of several long-period variable stars can be physically explained by the formation of discrete dust layers resulting from the model calculations presented here. We also find temporal variations of the synthetic spatial spectra which are in quantitative agreement with respective observations. Our model calculations indicate, that the instants of time, when the minimum and maximum value of the visibility is reached depend on wavelength. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, GRP T4, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP WINTERS, JM (reprint author), TECH UNIV BERLIN, INST ASTRON & ASTROPHYS, SEKR PN8-1, HARDENBERGSTR 36, D-10623 BERLIN, GERMANY. NR 64 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 302 IS 2 BP 483 EP 496 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TB187 UT WOS:A1995TB18700019 ER PT J AU SOLEM, JC AF SOLEM, JC TI COMETARY BREAKUP CALCULATIONS BASED ON A GRAVITATIONALLY-BOUND AGGLOMERATION MODEL - THE DENSITY AND SIZE OF SHOEMAKER-LEVY-9 SO ASTRONOMY & ASTROPHYSICS LA English DT Article DE COMETS, GENERAL; COMETS, SL-9 ID COLLISION; JUPITER AB By modeling Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 (1993e) as an agglomeration of identical spherical components, bound together only by gravitation, I obtain several qualitative and quantitative features of the comet's breakup during its close encounter with Jupiter. By comparing the size, number, and spatial distribution of the calculated cometary fragments with observations from the Hubble Space Telescope, I conclude that the density of components should be between 0.5 and 0.6 g cm(-3). The best qualitative agreement occurs at p = 0.55 g cm(-3), which corresponds to a comet average density of about 1/2 g cm(-3), assuming a face-centered cubic (FCC) initial packing for the components. A much less dense comet will break into fragments that do not gravitationally coalesce into anything resembling the observed string of objects. A much more dense comet may distort or even fracture near perijove, but will quickly coalesce into a single object. Between the limits above, the number of major coalescent fragments decreases rapidly with an increase in density, decreases only slightly with an increase in the assumed number of components, and is relatively insensitive to elasticity within the credible range of variation. The breakup is sensitive to initial rotation of the comet, but the essential results remain the same as for a nonrotating comet as long as the comet's angular velocity is less than 1/3 that required for centrifugal breakup in free space. The model exhibits a remarkable scaling relation that allows a single calculation of the geometric and energetic features to be applied to a comet of any size. Consequently the model can be used to estimate the size of the parent comet, which appears to be about 1.8 km in diameter, assuming an initial 321-component FCC bumpy sphere. This diameter is roughly consistent with recent calculations based on the observed plume heights from the fragments after impact. RP SOLEM, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, MAILSTOP B-210, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0004-6361 J9 ASTRON ASTROPHYS JI Astron. Astrophys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 302 IS 2 BP 596 EP 608 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA TB187 UT WOS:A1995TB18700031 ER PT J AU AMENDOLA, L GOTTLOBER, S MUCKET, JP MULLER, V AF AMENDOLA, L GOTTLOBER, S MUCKET, JP MULLER, V TI MATTER DISTRIBUTION FOR POWER SPECTRA WITH BROKEN SCALE-INVARIANCE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMOLOGY, THEORY; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE; METHODS, NUMERICAL ID DARK-MATTER; REDSHIFT SURVEY; GALAXIES; UNIVERSE; FLUCTUATIONS; SIMULATIONS; STATISTICS; SKEWNESS; MODELS; SPACE AB To test the primordial power spectra predicted by a double inflationary model with a break of amplitude Delta = 3 at a scale of 2 pi/k approximate to 10 h(-1) Mpc and cold dark matter (CDM) as dominant matter content, we perform particle-mesh simulations with 128(3) particles on a 256(3) grid. The broken scale invariance of the power spectra explains the extra power observed in the large-scale matter distribution. COBE-normalized spectra and a linear biasing with b approximate to 2 are shown to reproduce the reconstructed power spectra from the CfA catalog. By identifying galactic halos with a random selection of particles in overdensity regions of approximately 2 times the cell variance, we can fit the angular correlation function using both the Limber equation and creating an APM-like angular projection with the observed luminosity function. Finally, the higher order moments of the galaxy distribution are shown to fit reasonably well the observed values. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. ASTROPHYS INST POTSDAM,D-14482 POTSDAM,GERMANY. RP AMENDOLA, L (reprint author), OSSERV ASTRON ROMA,VIALE PARCO MELLINI 84,I-00136 ROME,ITALY. NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 451 IS 2 BP 444 EP 450 DI 10.1086/176233 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RV626 UT WOS:A1995RV62600004 ER PT J AU LIANG, EP FENIMORE, E AF LIANG, EP FENIMORE, E TI SYNCHROTRON SELF-ABSORPTION MODEL OF THE SOFT GAMMA-RAY REPEATER-1806-20 SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GAMMA RAYS, BURSTS; STARS, NEUTRON ID 5 MARCH; TRANSIENT AB The spectra of SGR 1806-20 measured by the ICE experiment show steep turnover below approximately 14 keV. We find that self-absorbed synchrotron emission from a cooling distribution of mildly relativistic electrons (or pairs) provides excellent fits to the spectral data. We then derive from first principles the synchrotron luminosity distance of the source modulo emission area, which is consistent with the radio and infrared distance estimates for a 10 km neutron star. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LIANG, EP (reprint author), RICE UNIV,DEPT SPACE PHYS & ASTRON,POB 1892,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 451 IS 2 BP L57 EP L60 DI 10.1086/309692 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RV627 UT WOS:A1995RV62700004 ER PT J AU SAYLOR, RD FORD, GD AF SAYLOR, RD FORD, GD TI ON THE COMPARISON OF NUMERICAL-METHODS FOR THE INTEGRATION OF KINETIC-EQUATIONS IN ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND TRANSPORT MODELS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY MODEL; ORDINARY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS; NUMERICAL INTEGRATION; AIR QUALITY MODEL ID CHEMICAL-KINETICS; ACID DEPOSITION; FORMULATION; SCHEMES AB The integration of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that arise in atmospheric photochemistry is of significant concern to tropospheric and stratospheric chemistry modelers. As a consequence of the stiff nature of these ODE systems, their solution requires a large fraction of the total computational effort in three-dimensional chemical model simulations. Several integration techniques have been proposed and utilized over the years in an attempt to provide computationally efficient, yet accurate, solutions to chemical kinetics ODEs. In this work, we present a comparison of some of these techniques and argue that valid comparisons of ODE solvers must take into account the trade-off between solution accuracy and computational efficiency. Misleading comparison results can be obtained by neglecting the fact that any ODE solution method can be made faster or slower by manipulation of the appropriate error tolerances or time steps. Comparisons among ODE solution techniques should therefore attempt to identify which technique can provide the most accurate solution with the least computational effort over the entire range of behavior of each technique. We present here a procedure by which ODE solver comparisons can achieve this goal. Using this methodology, we compare a variety of integration techniques, including methods proposed by Hesstvedt et al. (1978, Int. J. Chem. Kinet. 10, 971-994), Gong and Cho (1993, Atmospheric Environment 27A, 2147-2160), Young and Boris (1977, J. phys. Chem. 81, 2424-2427) and Hindmarsh (1983, In Scientific Computing (edited by Stepleman R. S. et al.), pp. 55-64. North-Holland, Amsterdam). We find that Gear-type solvers such as the Livermore Solver for ordinary differential equations (LSODE) and the sparse-matrix version of LSODE (LSODES) provide the most accurate solution of our test problems with the least computational effort. RP SAYLOR, RD (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Saylor, Rick/D-1252-2014 OI Saylor, Rick/0000-0003-4835-8290 NR 26 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 29 IS 19 BP 2585 EP 2593 DI 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00187-4 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RW918 UT WOS:A1995RW91800003 ER PT J AU GAVRILOV, VP KLEPIKOVA, NV TROYANOVA, NI RODEAN, HC AF GAVRILOV, VP KLEPIKOVA, NV TROYANOVA, NI RODEAN, HC TI STATIONARY MODEL FOR RESUSPENSION OF RADIONUCLIDES AND ASSESSMENTS OF CS-137 CONCENTRATION IN THE NEAR-SURFACE LAYER FOR THE CONTAMINATED AREAS IN THE BRYANSK REGION OF RUSSIA AND BYELARUS SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE CHERNOBYL; ATMOSPHERIC DISPERSION; MODELING; RESUSPENSION RATE; SURFACE CONTAMINATION AB After the surface contamination from the Chernobyl accident on 26 April 1986 had been formed, the radioactive contamination in the near-surface atmospheric boundary layer was dependent upon several processes including resuspension. A model for resuspension, dispersion, transport, and redeposition of radioactive materials is described. The model input parameters are discussed, with emphasis on the resuspension rate. Two applications of the model to the southwestern part of the Bryansk Region in Russia and the adjacent area in Belarus are described. The first consists of a series of numerical experiments that served as preparation for the second application: estimates of the resuspension rate in the area surrounding the town of Novozybkov in Russia. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV REG ATMOSPHER SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. INST EXPTL METEOROL,OBNINSK 249020,RUSSIA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 29 IS 19 BP 2633 EP 2650 DI 10.1016/1352-2310(95)00168-X PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RW918 UT WOS:A1995RW91800007 ER PT J AU HUD, NV AF HUD, NV TI DOUBLE-STRANDED DNA ORGANIZATION IN BACTERIOPHAGE HEADS - AN ALTERNATIVE TOROID-BASED MODEL SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PACKAGED DNA; ARRANGEMENT; CONDENSATION; PACKING; CAPSIDS; LAMBDA AB Studies of the organization of double-stranded DNA within bacteriophage heads during the past four decades have produced a wealth of data. However, despite the presentation of numerous models, the true organization of DNA within phage heads remains unresolved. The observations of toroidal DNA structures in electron micrographs of phage lysates have long been cited as support for the organization of DNA in a spool-like fashion. This particular model, like all other models, has not been found to be consistent will all available data. Recently we proposed that DNA within toroidal condensates produced in vitro is organized in a manner significantly different from that suggested by the spool model. This new toroid model has allowed the development of an alternative model for DNA organization within bacteriophage heads that is consistent with a wide range of biophysical data. Here we propose that bacteriophage DNA is packaged in a toroid that is folded into a highly compact structure. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 42 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 1355 EP 1362 PG 8 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA TJ021 UT WOS:A1995TJ02100014 PM 8534805 ER PT J AU KADAM, KL KEUTZER, WJ AF KADAM, KL KEUTZER, WJ TI ENHANCEMENT IN CELLULASE PRODUCTION BY TRICHODERMA-REESEI RUT-C30 DUE TO CITRIC-ACID SO BIOTECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article ID L-SORBOSE AB This report discusses enhancement in cellulase production by Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30. A combination of 75 mM citrate buffer and low operating pH values; e.g., 3.5, resulted in about 100% higher enzyme production in shake flasks. A similar extent of improvement was seen at lower citrate buffer concentrations such as 5 and 10 mM. It is suggested that the undissociated form of citric acid is responsible for this improvement; no such acid moiety has been previously reported to enhance cellulase production. RP KADAM, KL (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, DIV ALTERNAT FUELS, 1617 COLE BLVD, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-5492 EI 1573-6776 J9 BIOTECHNOL LETT JI Biotechnol. Lett. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1111 EP 1114 DI 10.1007/BF00143112 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TD208 UT WOS:A1995TD20800021 ER PT J AU HARTSE, HE PHILLIPS, WS FEHLER, MC HOUSE, LS AF HARTSE, HE PHILLIPS, WS FEHLER, MC HOUSE, LS TI SINGLE-STATION SPECTRAL DISCRIMINATION USING CODA WAVES SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES EARTHQUAKES; NTS EXPLOSIONS; REGIONAL DATA; QUARRY BLASTS; ATTENUATION; SEISMOGRAMS; SCATTERING AB Spectral discrimination methods applied at regional distances are based on the observation that there is a difference in the frequency content of the seismic waves radiated from the source region of earthquakes and explosions. We have investigated a spectral discrimination method that exploits the scattered energy contained in the event codas of seismograms to measure the relative source excitation of earthquakes and explosions as a function of frequency. Key strengths of the coda method include the following: (1) it is not affected by source radiation pattern because the scattering process averages the radiation over the focal sphere, (2) path corrections are not required with the coda method because coda waves are scattered throughout a common crustal volume, (3) it can be successfully applied using data from only a single station, and (4) it can be successfully applied using data with clipped direct arrivals. To implement the coda method, we first estimate a ''type curve,'' which represents the average shape of all the individual coda decay curves for a particular frequency band. The shape of the type curve (as well as the shape of all individual coda decay curves) is controlled by the scattering and attenuation properties of the crustal volume sampled by the coda waves (a common path effect). The amplitude of the type curve is not defined, and we arbitrarily adjust it to have a zero mean. The amplitude difference between an individual event coda decay curve and the type curve provides a relative measure of the event's source size within the particular frequency band. We define this amplitude difference as the ''relative source factor.'' Our approach exploits all of an event's usable coda for each spectral measurement, thus providing a more stable measure of relative source size than could be obtained from using a predefined, fixed-length time window. Analysis of 27 Nevada Test Site explosions and 15 southern Great Basin earthquakes (3.1 less than or equal to M less than or equal to 4.7), shows that the source factor difference between the 0.5- to 1- and 2- to 4-Hz bands plotted against the 1- to 2-Hz source factor is a stable event discriminant. The method reliably distinguishes small explosions from small earthquakes (3.0 < M < 3.5), even if the explosions are overburied. Because the coda method requires only one seismic station, we believe that it would be especially useful in identifying small, clandestine underground nuclear tests that occur far from established networks. RP HARTSE, HE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 23 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 85 IS 5 BP 1464 EP 1474 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TA774 UT WOS:A1995TA77400016 ER PT J AU Pinder, JE Golley, FB Lide, RF AF Pinder, JE Golley, FB Lide, RF TI Factors affecting limited reproduction by loblolly pine in a large old field SO BULLETIN OF THE TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB LA English DT Article DE secondary succession; loblolly pine; Pinus taeda; seed production; seed dispersal; survivorship; growth ID TREE ESTABLISHMENT; GROWTH; SURVIVAL; COLONIZATION; MECHANISMS; SUCCESSION AB Pines readily invade small old fields in the southeastern United States, but continuing observations on a large old field in South Carolina have indicated limited initial invasion and subsequently poor reproductive success by loblolly pines. To generate hypotheses concerning the poor reproductive success of pines, studies were conducted of seed production, seedling establishment, and seedling survival and growth. Production of viable seeds was similar to data for other loblolly pine sites, but seed dispersal distances were short with most seeds being deposited within 20 m of the parent. The rate of establishment of 1 yr old seedlings was less than or equal to 1 seedling per 3000 viable seeds, which was small compared to data for other loblolly pine sites. Most seedlings were established within 20 m of their parents. Once established, seedlings showed survivorship and growth that was typical for loblolly pines. These initial results suggest: 1) that the most important limitation to reproductive success may be the low rates of seedling establishment from seeds; but 2) that Limited seed dispersal distances may represent an important secondary limitation. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,INST ECOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP Pinder, JE (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU TORREY BOTANICAL CLUB PI BRONX PA NEW YORK BOTANICAL GARDEN, BRONX, NY 10458 SN 0040-9618 J9 B TORREY BOT CLUB JI Bull. Torrey Bot. Club PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 122 IS 4 BP 306 EP 311 DI 10.2307/2996322 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TP081 UT WOS:A1995TP08100005 ER PT J AU Nagle, RD Sels, RCV Congdon, JD AF Nagle, RD Sels, RCV Congdon, JD TI Observations of agonistic and mutualistic interactions between birds and non-avian vertebrates on the E.S. George Reserve, Michigan SO CANADIAN FIELD-NATURALIST LA English DT Article DE Blue Racer; Coluber constrictor; Catbird; Dumetalla carolinensis; cleaning behavior; interspecific encounter; mutualism; nest defense; Red-winged Blackbird; Agelaius phoeniceus; White-tailed Deer; Odocoileus virginianus AB Only two interactions between birds and non-avian vertebrates, other than direct acts of predation and mobbing behaviors, were observed during an 18-year turtle study on the University of Michigan's E. S. George Reserve. The first involved a pair of Gray Catbirds (Dumetella carolinensis) that attacked a Blue Racer (Coluber constrictor), and the second observation involved a White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) that appeared to solicit cleaning activities from a male Red-winged Blackbird (Agelaius phoeniceus). RP Nagle, RD (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU OTTAWA FIELD-NATURALISTS CLUB PI OTTAWA PA BOX 3264 POSTAL STATION C, OTTAWA ON K1Y 4J5, CANADA SN 0008-3550 J9 CAN FIELD NAT JI Can. Field-Nat. PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 109 IS 4 BP 464 EP 466 PG 3 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TY605 UT WOS:A1995TY60500020 ER PT J AU Jagoe, CH Welter, DA AF Jagoe, CH Welter, DA TI Quantitative comparisons of the morphology and ultrastructure of erythrocyte nuclei from seven freshwater fish species SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID CELLULAR DNA CONTENT; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; RAINBOW-TROUT; CIRCULATING ERYTHROCYTES; BROOK TROUT; MICRONUCLEI; POLYPLOIDY; RADIATION; RESERVOIR; SCRIPTA AB Chromosome number and genomic DNA content vary widely among fish species, and ploidy can vary within species. This suggests that the size,,shape, and morphological features of cell nuclei may also vary. Nucleated erythrocytes of fish are an easily sampled homogeneous population of differentiated cells ideal for inter- and intra-species comparisons. We collected blood samples from largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), chain pickerel (Esox niger), yellow perch (Perca flavescens), mosquitofish (Gambusia holbrooki), redeye bass (Micropterus coosae), and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and removed cytoplasm and nuclear membranes from blood cells. Individual nuclei were examined and measured using scanning electron microscopy and a computerized image analysis system, and inter- and intra-species differences evaluated by nested analysis of variance. Nuclear size and shape varied significantly among species. Isolated nuclei had conspicuous apertures or holes, and the number and size of these holes also varied significantly among species. Variations in nuclear size and structure within species were small compared with interspecies differences. Little is known of the ultrastructure of erythrocyte nuclei in lower vertebrates, but their structure differs considerably from that of other vertebrate non-erythroid cells, suggesting that the organization of their DNA and associated proteins may be different. C1 MED COLL GEORGIA,DEPT CELLULAR BIOL & ANAT,AUGUSTA,GA 30912. RP Jagoe, CH (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA PI OTTAWA PA RESEARCH JOURNALS, MONTREAL RD, OTTAWA ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4301 J9 CAN J ZOOL JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 73 IS 10 BP 1951 EP 1959 DI 10.1139/z95-229 PG 9 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA TK793 UT WOS:A1995TK79300020 ER PT J AU SUH, M ARIESE, F SMALL, GJ JANKOWIAK, RJ HEWER, A PHILLIPS, DH AF SUH, M ARIESE, F SMALL, GJ JANKOWIAK, RJ HEWER, A PHILLIPS, DH TI FORMATION AND PERSISTENCE OF BENZO[A]PYRENE DNA-ADDUCTS IN MOUSE EPIDERMIS IN-VIVO - IMPORTANCE OF ADDUCT CONFORMATION SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID P-32 POSTLABELING ANALYSIS; DIOL EPOXIDE; DNA-ADDUCTS; COVALENT BINDING; OPTICAL ENANTIOMERS; DIHYDRODIOL EPOXIDE; IDENTIFICATION; REPAIR; CELLS; SKIN AB The formation and repair of benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxide-N-2-deoxyguanosine adducts (BPDE-N-2-dG) in DNA isolated from the skin of mice treated topically with benzo[a]pyrene (BP) was studied by P-32-postlabeling and by low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy under low resolution and under high resolution fluorescence line narrowing (FLN) conditions. In agreement with earlier studies, total BP-DNA binding reached a maximum at 24 h after treatment (dose: 1 mu mol/mouse), then declined rapidly until 4 days after treatment and much more slowly thereafter. An HPLC method was developed which resolved the P-32-postlabeled (-)-trans- from (-)-cis-anti-BPDE-N-2-dG, and (+)-trans-from (+)-cis-anti-BPDE-N-2-dG. High performance liquid chromatography analysis of the major TLC adduct spot (containing >80% of the total adducts) obtained by postlabeling BP-modified mouse skin DNA showed that it consisted of a major component that coeluted with (-)-cis-/(+)-trans-anti-BPDE-N-2-dG and a minor component that coeluted with (-)-trans-/(+)-cis-anti-BPDE-N-2-dG and that the minor component was repaired at a slower rate than the major component, Low-temperature fluorescence spectroscopy of the intact DNA identified the major adduct as (+)-trans-anti-BPDE-N-2-dG and the minor adduct fraction consisted mainly of (+)-cis-anti-BPDE-N-2-dG. In agreement with the P-32-postlabeling results it was observed by fluorescence spectroscopy that the (+)-cis-adducts were repaired more slowly than most other adducts, Moreover, the (+)-trans-adducts exhibited a broad distribution of base-stacked, partially base-stacked and helix-external conformations, Mouse skin DNA samples obtained at early timepoints (2-8 h) after treatment with BP contained substantially more of the 'external' adducts, while samples at later timepoints (24-48 h) contained relatively more adducts in the base-stacked conformation, indicating also that the latter adducts are repaired less readily than the former, The possible biological significance of these novel observations of conformation-dependent rates of DNA adduct repair and their possible dependence on DNA sequence, are discussed. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. INST CANC RES,HADDOW LABS,SUTTON SM2 5NG,SURREY,ENGLAND. FU NCI NIH HHS [P0I CA 49210-05] NR 50 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD OCT PY 1995 VL 16 IS 10 BP 2561 EP 2569 DI 10.1093/carcin/16.10.2561 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA TA476 UT WOS:A1995TA47600044 PM 7586167 ER PT J AU AIZENBERG, J HANSON, J KOETZLE, TF LEISEROWITZ, L WEINER, S ADDADI, L AF AIZENBERG, J HANSON, J KOETZLE, TF LEISEROWITZ, L WEINER, S ADDADI, L TI BIOLOGICALLY INDUCED REDUCTION IN SYMMETRY - A STUDY OF CRYSTAL TEXTURE OF CALCITIC SPONGE SPICULES SO CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BIOMINERALIZATION; CALCITE; CRYSTAL MORPHOLOGY; MOSAIC STRUCTURE; SYMMETRY REDUCTION ID MAGNETOTACTIC BACTERIA; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; ASPARTIC-ACID; DIFFRACTION; MORPHOLOGY AB Organisms can exert a remarkable degree oi control over crystal growth. One way of achieving this is by the adsorption of specialized macromolecules on specific planes of the growing crystals. With continued growth of the crystal, the macromolecules are incorporated inside the crystal bulk. Their presence does not change the crystal structure, but creates discontinuities in the perfect lattice. Here we study in detail three unusual cases of reduction in symmetry at the level of crystal domain shapes, induced by this controlled intercalation. We examined sponge spicules, which are single crystals of Mg-bearing calcite, They were specifically chosen for this study, because their morphologies do not reflect the hexagonal symmetry of calcite. Their crystal textures (coherence lengths and angular spreads) were characterized by high-resolution Xray diffraction with well-collimated synchrotron radiation. The results are compared to analogous studies of synthetic calcite and Mg-bearing calcite. In all the selected spicules reduction in symmetry is observed in the coherence lengths among symmetry-related crystallographic directions. The reconstructed shapes of the domains of perfect structure closely match the specific spicule morphologies. The synthetic crystals show no such reduction in symmetry. Although the manner by which such exquisite control is achieved is not known, we envisage it involving a combination of oriented nucleation with either physical or stereochemically driven adsorption. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT MAT & INTERFACES,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP AIZENBERG, J (reprint author), WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT BIOL STRUCT,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RI Hanson, jonathan/E-3517-2010 NR 47 TC 80 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 16 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0947-6539 J9 CHEM-EUR J JI Chem.-Eur. J. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 1 IS 7 BP 414 EP 422 DI 10.1002/chem.19950010705 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA TC592 UT WOS:A1995TC59200002 ER PT J AU HARRISON, WTA PHILLIPS, MLF STUCKY, GD AF HARRISON, WTA PHILLIPS, MLF STUCKY, GD TI SUBSTITUTION CHEMISTRY OF GALLIUM FOR TITANIUM IN NONLINEAR-OPTICAL KTIOPO4 - SYNTHESES AND SINGLE-CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF KGAF1-DELTA(OH)(DELTA)PO4 (DELTA-APPROXIMATE-TO-0.3) AND KGA0.5GE0.5(F,OH)(0.5)O0.5PO4 SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ISOMORPHOUS SUBSTITUTION; POWDER DIFFRACTION; STRUCTURE FIELD; PHOSPHATE; KSNOPO4 AB The syntheses, single-crystal structures, and optical properties of KGaF1-delta(OH)(delta)PO4(delta approximate to 0.3) and KGa0.5Ge0.5(F,OH)(0.5)O0.5PO4, two structural analogues of potassium titanyl phosphate, KTiOPO4 (KTP), are described. Both phases crystallize in the typical noncentrosymmetric Pna2(1) space group adopted by KTP-type materials, but the powder second harmonic generation responses of KGaF1-delta(OH)(delta)PO4 and KGa0.5Ge0.5(F,OH)(0.5)O0.5PO4 are negligible compared to that of KTiOPO4. KGaF1-delta(OH)(delta)PO4 shows exclusive preferential substitution of fluoride ions into the octahedral-chain oxygen atom sites, and the resulting GaO4F2-delta(OH)(delta) octahedra do not show the typical octahedral distortion found in Ti-containing KTP phases. KGa0.5Ge0.5(F,OH)(0.5)O0.5PO4 shows no detectable Ga/Ge cation ordering, but an unusual, partial disordering of both the extraframework potassium cations occurs. Members of the KGaxTi1-x(F,OH)(x)O1-xPO4 solid solution series have been prepared as powders, and various trends across this series are reported. Crystal data: KGaF1-delta(OH)(delta)PO4: M(r) = similar to 222.79, orthorhombic, space group Pna2(1) (No. 33), a = 12.717(2) Angstrom, b = 6.3021(8) degrees, c = 10.431(2) Angstrom, V = 836(2) Angstrom(3), Z = 8, R(F) = 3.32% for 1479 observed reflections with I > 3 sigma(I). KGa0.5Ge0.5(F,OH)(0.5)O0.5PO4: M(r) = 222.73 orthorhombic space group Pna2(1) (No. 33), a = 12.756(2) Angstrom, b = 6.306(1) Angstrom, c = 10.413(2) Angstrom, V = 838(2) Angstrom(3), Z = 8, R(F) = 3.35% for 1332 observed reflections [I > 3 sigma(I)]. C1 UNIV HOUSTON, DEPT CHEM, HOUSTON, TX 77204 USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT 1846, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA, DEPT CHEM, SANTA BARBARA, CA 93106 USA. NR 42 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 EI 1520-5002 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 7 IS 10 BP 1849 EP 1856 DI 10.1021/cm00058a015 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TB561 UT WOS:A1995TB56100016 ER PT J AU MEYNE, J HIRAI, H IMAI, HT AF MEYNE, J HIRAI, H IMAI, HT TI FISH ANALYSIS OF THE TELOMERE SEQUENCES OF BULLDOG ANTS (MYRMECIA, FORMICIDAE) SO CHROMOSOMA LA English DT Article ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; KARYOTYPE EVOLUTION; DNA PROBES; (TTAGGG)N; CHROMOSOMES; PILOSULA AB Chromosomes from several species of ants from the genus Myrmecia were hybridized with deoxyoligomer probes of either (T(2)AG(2))(7), the putative insect telomere repeat sequence, or (T(2)AG(3))(7), the vertebrate telomere repeat sequence. While both sequences hybridized over a range of stringency conditions, (T(2)AG(2))(n) was clearly the predominant sequence at the termini of the Myrmecia chromosomes. No interstitial sites of either sequence were detected. The genus Myrmecia has a wide range of karyotypes, with chromosome numbers ranging from 2n=2-84. It has been hypothesized that the ancestral karyotype was 2n=4 and karyotype evolution proceeded with an increase in chromosome number. In the absence of detectable interstitial sites of telomere sequence, it is interesting to speculate on the origin of the new telomeres as the chromosome numbers increased. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. KYOTO UNIV,PRIMATE RES INST,AICHI 484,JAPAN. NATL INST GENET,SHIZUOKA 411,JAPAN. RP MEYNE, J (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 17 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0009-5915 J9 CHROMOSOMA JI Chromosoma PD OCT PY 1995 VL 104 IS 1 BP 14 EP 18 DI 10.1007/BF00352221 PG 5 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA TA795 UT WOS:A1995TA79500002 PM 7587589 ER PT J AU McKinley, JP Zachara, JM Smith, SC Turner, GD AF McKinley, JP Zachara, JM Smith, SC Turner, GD TI The influence of uranyl hydrolysis and multiple site-binding reactions on adsorption of U(VI) to montmorillonite SO CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS LA English DT Article DE montmorillonite; uranyl ID AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WATER INTERFACE; URANIUM; CLAY; COMPLEXATION; SILICA; COPPER; IONS AB Adsorption of uranyl to SWy-1 montmorillonite was evaluated experimentally and results were modeled to identify likely surface complexation reactions responsible for removal of uranyl from solution. Uranyl was contacted with SWy-1 montmorillonite in a NaClO4 electrolyte solution at three ionic strengths (I = 0.001, 0.01, 0.1), at pH 4 to 8.5, in a N-2(g) atmosphere. At low ionic strength, adsorption decreased from 95% at pH 4 to 75% at pH 6.8. At higher ionic strength, adsorption increased with pH from initial values less than 75%; adsorption edges for all ionic strengths coalesced above a pH of 7. A site-binding model was applied that treated SWy-1 as an aggregate of fixed-charge sites and edge sites analogous to gibbsite and silica. The concentration of fixed-charge sites was estimated as the cation exchange capacity, and non-preference exchange was assumed in calculating the contribution of fixed-charge sites to total uranyl adsorption. The concentration of edge sites was estimated by image analysis of transmission electron photomicrographs. Adsorption constants for uranyl binding to gibbsite and silica were determined by fitting to experimental data, and these adsorption constants were then used to simulate SWy-1 adsorption results. The best simulations were obtained with an ionization model in which AlOH2+ was the dominant aluminol surface species throughout the experimental range in pH. The pH-dependent aqueous speciation of uranyl was an important factor determining the magnitude of uranyl adsorption. At low ionic strength and low pH, adsorption by fixed-charge sites was predominant. The decrease in adsorption with increasing pH was caused by the formation of monovalent aqueous uranyl species, which were weakly bound to fixed-charge sites. At higher ionic strengths, competition with Na+ decreased the adsorption of UO22+ to fixed-charge sites. At higher pH, the most significant adsorption reactions were the binding of UO22+ to AlOH and of (UO2)(3)(OH)(5)(+) to SiOH edge sites. Near-saturation of AlOH sites by UO22+ allowed significant contributions of SiOH sites to uranyl adsorption. RP McKinley, JP (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, MSIN K3-61, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 41 TC 162 Z9 162 U1 2 U2 36 PU CLAY MINERALS SOCIETY PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 4416, BOULDER, CO 80306 SN 0009-8604 J9 CLAY CLAY MINER JI Clay Clay Min. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 43 IS 5 BP 586 EP 598 DI 10.1346/CCMN.1995.0430508 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy; Soil Science SC Chemistry; Geology; Mineralogy; Agriculture GA TV225 UT WOS:A1995TV22500008 ER PT J AU SHEPHERD, IG AF SHEPHERD, IG TI HEAT RELEASE AND INDUCED STRAIN IN PREMIXED FLAMES SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT FLAMES AB Numerical and experimental results are presented to demonstrate some effects of heat release in open premixed flames, especially the strain induced in the reactant flow field. A simple model represents the heat release by treating the flame front as a two-dimensional line source of volume. The velocity and strain rate induced in the flow field are determined and the numerical solution for the case of a laminar double kernel ignition is obtained. Of primary interest is the strain rate induced in the reactants between the expanding flame kernels and, for heat release rates typical of hydrocarbon flames, the strain rate at the plane of symmetry midway between the kernels up to 150 s(-1). The kernel size and shape, as well as density ratio across the flame front and the laminar burning velocity, were found to have a significant effect on the induced strain rates. For the case of turbulent combustion the velocity induced in the reactant stream is measured experimentally tangential to the mean dame zone and also in a plane parallel to the flame holder of methane/air open premixed turbulent v-shaped flames over a range of equivalence ratios. Divergent flow fields, with mean strain rates up to 50 s(-1), are induced by the heat release within the flame zone and the consequences of this for determining the turbulent burning velocity in this and similar systems, with special emphasis on the use of the double kernel technique in turbulent media, are discussed. RP SHEPHERD, IG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,COMBUST GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD OCT PY 1995 VL 103 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 10 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00077-J PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA RT840 UT WOS:A1995RT84000001 ER PT J AU BREWSTER, Q SON, SF AF BREWSTER, Q SON, SF TI QUASI-STEADY COMBUSTION MODELING OF HOMOGENEOUS SOLID-PROPELLANTS SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article AB Classical, linearized quasi-steady (QS) theory of unsteady combustion of homogeneous solid propellants (both pressure- and radiation-driven) is reexamined. Zeroth order, high activation energy (E/RT >> 1), decomposition is assumed. Many prevailing ideas about condensed-phase pyrolysis are challenged and several misconceptions are corrected. The results show the following: (1) the inadequacy of simple Arrhenius surface pyrolysis; (2) that the common assumption of zero Jacobian (delta or n(s)) parameter is physically unrealistic for pressure-driven combustion except perhaps in plateau regions; (3) that classical quasi-steady theory is not necessarily incompatible with observed pressure instability [Re{R(p)} > 0] in mesa propellants; (4) that measured steady-state combustion parameters (e.g., E(c)= 2E(s) = 40 kcal/mol for double base propellant) and quasi-steady theory can model T-burner data reasonably well; (5) that the preexponential parameters in the pyrolysis expression play a critical role in the dynamic response (particularly T-0 and Q(c)); (6) that thermal radiation also plays an important role through its effect on the steady state sensitivity parameters, particularly the k (or sigma(p)) parameter. An approach is outlined for modeling dynamic combustion response based on zeroth order pyrolysis which allows difficult parameters, such as r and delta (or A and n(s)) to be obtained from relatively easily measured ones, k and v (or B and n), E(c), Q(c) and T-s. An approach for determining these fundamental combustion parameters using radiation-driven unsteady burning tests is described. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BREWSTER, Q (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MECH & IND ENGN,1206 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. OI Son, Steven/0000-0001-7498-2922 NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD OCT PY 1995 VL 103 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 26 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00075-H PG 16 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA RT840 UT WOS:A1995RT84000002 ER PT J AU KOSTIUK, LW CHENG, RK AF KOSTIUK, LW CHENG, RK TI THE COUPLING OF CONICAL WRINKLED LAMINAR FLAMES WITH GRAVITY SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID PREMIXED TURBULENT COMBUSTION; GAS COMBUSTION AB This work explores the influences that gravity has on conical premixed laminar and mildly turbulent flames (i.e., wrinkled laminar flames). The approach is to compare overall flame characteristics in normal(+g), reverse (-g), and micro-gravity (mu g). Laser schlieren is the principal diagnostic for the mu g experiments. Laboratory investigation of +g and -g flames also include two components laser doppler anemometry. The results obtained in a wide range of flow, mixture and turbulence conditions show that gravity has a profound effect on the lean stabilization limits, features of the flowfield, and mean flame heights. In +g, buoyancy driven instability causes flame flickering. Without this unstable interaction, flames in -g and mu g do not flicker. Analysis of the flame flickering frequencies produces in an empirical relationship St(*2)/Ri = 0.0018 Re-2/3 (where St*, Ri, and Re are, respectively, the Strouhal number normalized by the heat release ratio, the Richardson number, and the Reynolds number). This correlation would be useful for theoretical prediction of buoyancy induced flame instabilities. Comparison of mean flame heights shows that +g, -g, and mu g flame properties do not converge with increased flow momentum. Velocity measurements in laminar flames show that in +g, the flow generated by the rising products plum is almost non-divergent, slightly turbulent and unstable. In -g, the how becomes divergent, but is stable and non-turbulent in the region surrounding the flame cone. The change from a nondivergent to divergent flow field seem to account for the differences in the observed mean flame heights. The schlieren images and the velocity measurements in +g and -g also provide some insight into the overall flowfield features of mu g flames. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,COMBUST GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 14 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD OCT PY 1995 VL 103 IS 1-2 BP 27 EP 40 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(95)00076-I PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA RT840 UT WOS:A1995RT84000003 ER PT J AU NIEPLOCHA, J SCHREIBER, WC AF NIEPLOCHA, J SCHREIBER, WC TI THE USE OF CONJUGATE GRADIENTS METHODS WITH A SEGREGATED FINITE-VOLUME PROCEDURE FOR SOLVING TRANSIENT, INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS SO COMMUNICATIONS IN NUMERICAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE CONJUGATE GRADIENT METHODS; INCOMPRESSIBLE NAVIER-STOKES EQUATIONS; SEGREGATED FINITE VOLUME PROCEDURE; STAGGERED GRID; VECTORIZATION AB PISO (pressure-implicit with splitting of operators) is an algorithm devised to solve the transient incompressible Navier-Stoke's and energy equations. In that it uses separate equations for each of two pressure corrections, velocity components and transported scalars, PISO is known as a segregated solution procedure. Preconditioned, generalized conjugate gradient (GCG) methods in combination with schemes for vectorization and storage minimization are described in the paper for the purpose of solving both the symmetric and non-symmetric algebraic equation systems that result from the PISO algorithm. Of particular interest in the paper is a comparison of the present procedure with a procedure described by Chin et al. (1992) in which preconditioned conjugate gradient methods are used to solve the Jacobian matrix used in the Newton iteration of the fully coupled non-linear equations. The two methods are similar in that both techniques are based on a discretization using staggered control volumes with the power-law method for modelling advection-diffusion transport. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV ALABAMA, DEPT MECH ENGN, TUSCALOOSA, AL 35487 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1069-8299 J9 COMMUN NUMER METH EN JI Commun. Numer. Methods Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 11 IS 10 BP 849 EP 856 DI 10.1002/cnm.1640111009 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA TA106 UT WOS:A1995TA10600008 ER PT J AU PANCAKE, CM CAMERON, LL CLINE, RE COX, B FLEMING, RT FRON, A GANNON, D MAIER, D NUGENT, AF STEVENS, RL TRIPATHI, A UNGAR, D VLISSIDES, J AF PANCAKE, CM CAMERON, LL CLINE, RE COX, B FLEMING, RT FRON, A GANNON, D MAIER, D NUGENT, AF STEVENS, RL TRIPATHI, A UNGAR, D VLISSIDES, J TI THE PROMISE AND THE COST OF OBJECT TECHNOLOGY - A 5-YEAR FORECAST - DISCUSSION SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Discussion AB This article summarizes the two-day discussion. It begins with a brief summary of the characteristics of OT that make it promising for widespread use in industry, followed by a discussion of the panelists' explanation of why OT has not yet been widely adopted in the business environment. The article concludes with an outline of the panel's ideas on where OT research efforts might best be allocated in order to maximize the benefits for future industrial users of OT. C1 JP MORGAN & CO,NEW YORK,NY 10260. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT DISTRIBUTED SYST RES & DEV,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CADRE TECHNOL INC,PROVIDENCE,RI 02903. INDIANA UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. OREGON GRAD INST SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT COMP SCI & ENGN,BEAVERTON,OR. XEROX CORP,GLOBAL PROC & INFORMAT MANAGEMENT ORG,STAMFORD,CT 06902. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT COMP SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP PANCAKE, CM (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036 SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD OCT PY 1995 VL 38 IS 10 BP 32 EP 49 DI 10.1145/226239.226247 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA RX748 UT WOS:A1995RX74800009 ER PT J AU CADY, C EVANS, AG PERRY, KE AF CADY, C EVANS, AG PERRY, KE TI STRESS REDISTRIBUTION AROUND MECHANICAL ATTACHMENTS IN CERAMIC-MATRIX COMPOSITES SO COMPOSITES LA English DT Article DE CERAMIC MATRIX COMPOSITES; PIN LOADING; STRESS REDISTRIBUTION; FAILURE MODE MAP; LOAD CAPACITY ID INTERFEROMETRY; FAILURE AB The load-bearing capacity of mechanical attachments for ceramic matrix composite (CMC) components is investigated, by using the pin-loaded sub-element. The emphasis is on the role of stress redistribution mechanisms. It is found that for a 0/90, SiC/calcium aluminosilicate composite, the inelastic strains are sufficient to eliminate stress concentrations around the hole, in all loading conditions. In consequence, it has been possible to specify a failure mode map plus actual failure loads, in terms of the ultimate strengths of the composite measured in tension, shear and compression. The crucial role of stress redistribution by matrix cracking (with interface debonding and sliding) in imparting excellent structural performance to CMCs is highlighted. C1 EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP CADY, C (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,COLL ENGN,DEPT MAT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 2 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0010-4361 J9 COMPOSITES JI Composites PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 683 EP 690 DI 10.1016/0010-4361(95)91134-Q PG 8 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA RT869 UT WOS:A1995RT86900001 ER PT J AU IITAKA, T CARJAN, N STROTTMAN, D AF IITAKA, T CARJAN, N STROTTMAN, D TI STABILITY OF THE SYMMETRICAL MULTISTEP METHODS FOR THE TIME-DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER-EQUATION SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE TIME-DEPENDENT SCHRODINGER EQUATION; NUMERICAL CALCULATION AB We study the stability of the explicit symmetric multistep scheme (ESM) as a numerical method of solving the time-dependent Schrodinger equation, We use the most general sets of the coefficients of ESM in order to find a set of coefficients that gives the widest range of stability. C1 CEN BORDEAUX GRADIGNAN,F-33175 GRADIGNAN,FRANCE. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP IITAKA, T (reprint author), RIKEN,FRONTIER RES PROGRAM,NANOELECTR MAT LAB,2-1 HIROSAWA,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 90 IS 2-3 BP 251 EP 259 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00085-T PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA TB566 UT WOS:A1995TB56600006 ER PT J AU LARSON, DJ HEWETT, DW LANGDON, AB AF LARSON, DJ HEWETT, DW LANGDON, AB TI CORRECTION FACTORS FOR PIC ACCUMULATION ON RADIAL GRIDS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article AB We show that use of linear weighting, the most common method of interpolating particle quantities to a spatial grid, produces errors in the accumulated particle quantities when applied on a radial grid for the uniform density case. An analysis of the error is given along with several strategies for correcting the erroneous results in order to produce the correct force at the particle locations. RP LARSON, DJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. OI Larson, David/0000-0003-0814-8555 NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 90 IS 2-3 BP 260 EP 266 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00104-N PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA TB566 UT WOS:A1995TB56600007 ER PT J AU ENICK, RM KLARA, SM MARANO, JJ AF ENICK, RM KLARA, SM MARANO, JJ TI A ROBUST ALGORITHM FOR HIGH-PRESSURE GAS HUMIDIFICATION SO COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB A robust computer model has been developed for the humidification of a high-pressure, hot, dry-air stream via contact with water in a countercurrent column. This algorithm was developed for use in the simulation of Humid Air Turbine power cycles. The solution technique is based on equation of state equilibrium calculations, mass and energy balances, and integrated mass and heat transfer expressions. Profiles of air temperature, air humidity and water temperature as a function of column height are provided for gas cooling or gas heating conditions. The algorithm also determines if the mass and heat transfer are rate-limited (unsaturated air) or equilibrium-limited (saturated air). The algorithm requires the specification of the input air and water streams to the column. A measure of the column's capacity to provide mass and heat transfer must also be provided in the form of either (a) an Approach To Wet Bulb (ATWB), which is used to determine the temperature of the water exiting the column, or (b) the column characteristic. If the user provides an unrealistic ATWB or does not specify an ATWB or column characteristic, the algorithm determines the lowest ATWB that can be realized in the column. The solution algorithm provides the effluent air humidity, effluent air temperature, and (a) the column characteristic required to attain the specified ATWB, or (b) the ATWB which corresponds to the specified column characteristic. C1 US DOE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. BURNS & ROE,PITTSBURGH ENERGY TECHNOL CTR,PITTSBURGH,PA 15236. RP ENICK, RM (reprint author), UNIV PITTSBURGH,DEPT CHEM & PETR ENGN,1249 BENEDUM HALL,PITTSBURGH,PA 15621, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0098-1354 J9 COMPUT CHEM ENG JI Comput. Chem. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 19 IS 10 BP 1051 EP 1061 DI 10.1016/0098-1354(94)00103-U PG 11 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Chemical SC Computer Science; Engineering GA RN179 UT WOS:A1995RN17900003 ER PT J AU CASTILLO, JE HYMAN, JM SHASHKOV, MJ STEINBERG, S AF CASTILLO, JE HYMAN, JM SHASHKOV, MJ STEINBERG, S TI THE SENSITIVITY AND ACCURACY OF 4TH-ORDER FINITE-DIFFERENCE SCHEMES ON NONUNIFORM GRIDS IN ONE-DIMENSION SO COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID TRUNCATION ERRORS; APPROXIMATIONS AB We construct local fourth-order finite difference approximations of first and second derivatives, on nonuniform grids, in one dimension. The approximations are required to satisfy symmetry relationships that come from the analogous higher-dimensional fundamental operators: the divergence, the gradient, and the Laplacian. For example, we require that the discrete divergence and gradient be negative adjoint of each other, DIV* = -GRAD, and the discrete Laplacian is defined as LAP = DIVGRAD. The adjointness requirement on the divergence and gradient guarantees that the Laplacian is a symmetric negative operator, The discrete approximations we derive are fourth-order on smooth grids, but the approach can be extended to create approximations of arbitrarily high order. We analyze the loss of accuracy in the approximations when the grid is not smooth and include a numerical example demonstrating the effectiveness of the higher order methods on nonuniform grids. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MATH,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP CASTILLO, JE (reprint author), SAN DIEGO STATE UNIV,DEPT MATH,SAN DIEGO,CA 92182, USA. NR 17 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0898-1221 J9 COMPUT MATH APPL JI Comput. Math. Appl. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 30 IS 8 BP 41 EP 55 DI 10.1016/0898-1221(95)00136-M PG 15 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA RW581 UT WOS:A1995RW58100006 ER PT J AU BRISBIN, IL AF BRISBIN, IL TI CONSERVATION OF THE WILD ANCESTORS OF DOMESTIC-ANIMALS SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Note RP BRISBIN, IL (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0888-8892 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 9 IS 5 BP 1327 EP 1328 DI 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1995.09051327.x PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TB449 UT WOS:A1995TB44900052 ER PT J AU NGUYEN, BT LAZZARI, K ABEBE, J MAC, I LIN, JB CHANG, A WYDNER, KL LAWRENCE, JB CRAM, LS WEIER, HU WEAVER, JC BRADLEY, DW AF NGUYEN, BT LAZZARI, K ABEBE, J MAC, I LIN, JB CHANG, A WYDNER, KL LAWRENCE, JB CRAM, LS WEIER, HU WEAVER, JC BRADLEY, DW TI IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION TO CHROMOSOMES STABILIZED IN GEL MICRODROPS SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE GMD; FLOW CYTOMETRY; MISH ID FLOW-CYTOMETRY; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; DNA LIBRARIES; DENATURATION; CONSTRUCTION; KINETICS AB Conventional chromosome in situ hybridization procedures rely on fixation to glass slides followed by microscopic evaluation. This report describes the development of a microdrop in situ hybridization (MISH) method which facilitates hybridization to chromosomes in suspension. Chromosomes encapsulated in gel microdrops (GMDs) composed of an agarose matrix withstood stringent hybridization and denaturation conditions. Because of the increased stability, hybridization to encapsulated chromosomes was detected by how cytometry as well as conventional microscopy. Thus, the MISH method offers a means for chromosome hybridization without slides and may enable identification and isolation of chromosomes using hybridization rather than nucleic acid binding dyes. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 ONE CELL SYST INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MED CTR,DEPT CELL BIOL,WORCESTER,MA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR MOLEC CYTOGENET,BERKELEY,CA. MIT,HARVARD MIT DIV HLTH SCI & TECHNOL,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. FU NHGRI NIH HHS [1R21HG00727-01] NR 36 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 2 BP 111 EP 119 DI 10.1002/cyto.990210202 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA TA353 UT WOS:A1995TA35300001 PM 8582230 ER PT J AU GOODWIN, PM AMBROSE, WP MARTIN, JC KELLER, RA AF GOODWIN, PM AMBROSE, WP MARTIN, JC KELLER, RA TI SPATIAL DEPENDENCE OF THE OPTICAL COLLECTION EFFICIENCY IN FLOW-CYTOMETRY SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE SENSITIVE FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; SINGLE MOLECULE DETECTION; MICROSCOPE OBJECTIVE; SPATIAL FILTER; SUBMICROMETER LIGHT SOURCE ID LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE; MOLECULES; ELECTROPHORESIS; RHODAMINE-6G; FRAGMENTS AB The sensitive flow cytometric detection of fluorescent species in liquid sample streams requires efficient collection of light from small [similar to 1 picoliter (p1)] sample volumes, This is often accomplished with high numerical aperture (NA) imaging collection optics used in combination with a spatial filter. A method to measure the spatial variation of the optical collection efficiency within the sample volume, using a submicrometer light source, is described, Measurements of the relative optical collection efficiency are presented for two optical collection systems used in our laboratory for single molecule detection, The measurements are in qualitative agreement with relative optical collection efficiency calculations using a simple geometrical optics model, Absolute measurements of the peak collection efficiencies for the two collection systems are also presented. These absolute collection efficiency measurements are in good quantitative agreement with ideal collection efficiencies calculated using measured transmissions and rated NAs of the collection optics. The utility of this information for the characterization and optimization of sensitive fluorescence detection apparatus is discussed. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc, C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP GOODWIN, PM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,POB 1663,MAIL STOP M888,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01315] NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 2 BP 133 EP 144 DI 10.1002/cyto.990210205 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA TA353 UT WOS:A1995TA35300004 PM 8582233 ER PT J AU ANDREWS, JC NOLAN, JP HAMMERSTEDT, RH BAVISTER, BD AF ANDREWS, JC NOLAN, JP HAMMERSTEDT, RH BAVISTER, BD TI CHARACTERIZATION OF N-(6-METHOXY-8-QUINOLYL)-P-TOLUENESULFONAMIDE FOR THE DETECTION OF ZINC IN LIVING SPERM CELLS SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Article DE FLOW CYTOMETRY; FLUOROMETRY; BINDING KINETICS; MEMBRANES; D-PENICILLAMINE; DITHIONITE; HAMSTER SPERM ID MOUSE OVA INVITRO; GOLDEN-HAMSTER; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; FERTILIZATION; CAPACITATION; SPERMATOZOA; INTEGRITY; IONS; ACID AB Zinc stabilizes membranes and DNA and inhibits respiration in somatic cells, It is present in high concentrations in the male reproductive tract and may stabilize spermatozoa prior to fertilization, Herein, we evaluate N-(6-methoxy-8-quinolyl)-p-toluenesulfonamide (TSQ) for analysis of Zn2+ in phosphatidylcholine (PC) vesicles and Living spermatozoa using spectrofluorometry and flow cytometry. TSQ:Zn fluorescence in decanol or PC vesicles was compared to that in aqueous buffer, Evaluation of cation specificity, kinetics of TSQ:Zn binding, quenching of TSQ by dithionite and Zn2+ chelation by D-penicillamine established that TSQ is more fluorescent in decanol or PC vesicles than in aqueous buffer, has a high affinity for lipid bilayers and is specific for Zn2+ compared to Mg2+ and Ca2+. fluorescence measurement of vesicles with and without pretreatment with Zn2+ indicated that, in the absence of Zn2+, 90% of the residual TSQ fluorescence was destroyed by dithionite but >50% was protected by the presence of Zn2+, When D-penicillamine was added the remaining fluorescence was quenched (T-1/2 = 10 s) indicating that TSQ remains in/on the membrane. These results established that TSQ can be used to effectively evaluate Zn2+ in artificial membranes and sperm cells, Additional experiments will be necessary to explain the dynamics of TSQ:Zn:membrane interactions. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI LS1,LOS ALAMOS,NM. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT ANIM HLTH & BIOMED SCI,MADISON,WI. RP ANDREWS, JC (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,BIOCHEM PROGRAM,ALTHOUSE LAB 406,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR01315]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD14235, HD13099] NR 34 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 21 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 DI 10.1002/cyto.990210207 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA TA353 UT WOS:A1995TA35300006 PM 8582235 ER PT J AU SINKOVITS, RS DEVORE, CR SHAMAMIAN, VA WESTBROOK, CK AF SINKOVITS, RS DEVORE, CR SHAMAMIAN, VA WESTBROOK, CK TI AN ANALYSIS OF GAS-PHASE ETHANOL-WATER CHEMISTRY FOR DIAMOND CVD SO DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE DIAMOND; CHEMICAL KINETICS; CHEMICAL VAPOR DEPOSITION; ETHANOL-WATER ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; HYDROGEN; GROWTH; MIXTURE; SURFACE; OXYGEN; FLAMES AB Chemical kinetics calculations were carried out on ethanol (EtOH)-water mixtures at a range of temperatures, pressures and EtOH-to-H2O ratios. The results show that the mole fractions of many chemical species depend very sensitively on the initial EtOH-to-H2O ratio and diverge sharply after an induction time which depends on both pressure and temperature. We explain this divergence primarily in terms of the stability of carbon monoxide and show that the rate-limiting steps that dictate the induction time are the molecular hydrogen dissociation reactions. Our calculations also predict the dependence of the concentrations of potential growth (C, CH3, C2H2) and etching (O, OH, O-2) species for diamond CVD on operating conditions. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP SINKOVITS, RS (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI DeVore, C/A-6067-2015 OI DeVore, C/0000-0002-4668-591X NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-9635 J9 DIAM RELAT MATER JI Diam. Relat. Mat. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 11 BP 1277 EP 1288 DI 10.1016/0925-9635(95)00304-5 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TJ750 UT WOS:A1995TJ75000007 ER PT J AU BRENAN, JM SHAW, HF RYERSON, FJ PHINNEY, DL AF BRENAN, JM SHAW, HF RYERSON, FJ PHINNEY, DL TI EXPERIMENTAL-DETERMINATION OF TRACE-ELEMENT PARTITIONING BETWEEN PARGASITE AND A SYNTHETIC HYDROUS ANDESITIC MELT SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PRESSURE; GARNET PERIDOTITE; OCEANIC BASALTS; ION-MICROPROBE; COEFFICIENTS; AMPHIBOLE; MANTLE; CLINOPYROXENE; LIQUID AB In order to more fully establish a basis for quantifying the role of amphibole in trace-element fractionation processes, we have measured pargasite/silicate melt partitioning of a variety of trace elements (Rb, Ba, Nb, Ta, i-If, Zr, Ce, Nd, Sm, Yb), including the first published values for U, Th and Pb. Experiments conducted at 1000 degrees C and 1.5 GPa yielded large crystals free of compositional zoning. Partition coefficients were found to be constant at total concentrations ranging from similar to 1 to >100 ppm, indicating Henry's Law is operative over this interval. Comparison of partition coefficients measured in this study with previous determinations yields good agreement for similar compositions at comparable pressure and temperature. The compatibility of U, Th and Pb in amphibole decreases in the order Pb > Th > U. Partial melting or fractional crystallization of amphibole-bearing assemblages will therefore result in the generation of excesses in U-238 activity relative to Th-230, Similar in magnitude to that produced by clinopyroxene. The compatibility of Pb in amphibole relative to U or Th indicates that melt generation in the presence of residual amphibole will result in the long-term enrichment in Pb relative to U or Th in the residue. This process is therefore incapable of producing the depletion in Pb relative to U or Th inferred from the Pb isotopic composition of MORE and OIB. Comparison of partition coefficients measured in this study with previous values for clinopyroxene allows some distinction to be made between expected trace-element fractionations produced during dry (cpx present) and wet (cpx + amphibole present) melting. Rb, Ba, Nb and Ta are dramatically less compatible in clinopyroxene than in amphibole, whereas Th, U, Hf and Zr have similar compatibilities in both phases. Interelement fractionations, such as D-Nb/D-Ba are also different for clinopyroxene and amphibole. Changes in certain ratios, such as Ba/Nb, Ba/Th, and Nb/Th within comagmatic suites may therefore offer a means to discern the loss of amphibole from the melting assemblage. Elastic strain theory is applied to the partitioning data after the approaches of Beattie and Blundy and Wood and is used to predict amphibole/melt partition coefficients at conditions of P, T and composition other than those employed in this study. Given values of D-Ca, D-Ti and D-K from previous partitioning studies, this approach yields amphibole/melt trace-element partition coefficients that reproduce measured values from the literature to within 40-45%. This degree of reproducibility is considered reasonable given that model parameters are derived from partitioning relations involving iron and potassium-free amphibole. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV NUCL CHEM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP BRENAN, JM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,L-202,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Shaw, Henry/B-6445-2012 OI Shaw, Henry/0000-0003-0681-5430 NR 42 TC 125 Z9 130 U1 1 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 135 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/0012-821X(95)00139-4 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TC786 UT WOS:A1995TC78600001 ER PT J AU MACEK, RW AUBERT, BH AF MACEK, RW AUBERT, BH TI A MASS PENALTY TECHNIQUE TO CONTROL THE CRITICAL TIME INCREMENT IN EXPLICIT DYNAMIC FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSES SO EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING & STRUCTURAL DYNAMICS LA English DT Article AB The applicability of explicit time integration in structural dynamics is often limited by a restrictively small solution time increment. This paper presents a mass penalty technique whereby the highest natural frequencies of a dynamic system can be preferentially lowered with only a minimal effect on the structural modes. Because the critical time increment is inversely proportional to the highest natural frequency, a dramatic increase in the solution time increment may be achieved. An expression is developed for the frequency shift and a number of useful properties of this technique are derived analytically for linear systems. Its utility in non-linear analyses is demonstrated with several examples. RP MACEK, RW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,ESA EA GRP,MS P946,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0098-8847 J9 EARTHQUAKE ENG STRUC JI Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1315 EP 1331 DI 10.1002/eqe.4290241003 PG 17 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA RZ494 UT WOS:A1995RZ49400002 ER PT J AU SANFORD, WE STEENHUIS, TS SURFACE, JM PEVERLY, JH AF SANFORD, WE STEENHUIS, TS SURFACE, JM PEVERLY, JH TI FLOW CHARACTERISTICS OF ROCK-REED FILTERS FOR TREATMENT OF LANDFILL LEACHATE SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS; PREFERENTIAL FLOW; HYDROLOGY; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; TRACERS ID ROOT-ZONE METHOD; WASTE-WATER; SCALE AB To characterize the flow patterns of wastewater through subsurface-flow rock-reed filters, a combination of tracer studies and specific conductance measurements were used. Neither the tracer study nor the specific conductance measurements alone provided the necessary information to understand the flow of wastewater through the system. However, the data taken together indicate that preferential flow occurred due to density effects and surface flow. In gravel substrates, dense wastewater flowed beneath the less dense rainwater and influent, resulting in a decrease in the residence time. Sand-and-gravel substrates, which experienced a great deal of surface flow as a result of clogging, were shown to have very little, if any, flow through the subsurface. The results of this study indicate that both preferential and overland flow should be taken into account for the proper design of rock-reed filters. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT AGR & BIOL ENGN,ITHACA,NY 14853. US GEOL SURVEY,DIV WATER RESOURCES,ITHACA,NY. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT SOIL CROP & ATMOSPHER SCI,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP SANFORD, WE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,MS-6352 BLDG,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Sanford, William/F-7380-2016 OI Sanford, William/0000-0001-9085-1367 NR 13 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 5 IS 1 BP 37 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0925-8574(95)00012-8 PG 14 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA TB359 UT WOS:A1995TB35900005 ER PT J AU ROMME, WH TURNER, MG WALLACE, LL WALKER, JS AF ROMME, WH TURNER, MG WALLACE, LL WALKER, JS TI ASPEN, ELK, AND FIRE IN NORTHERN YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ASPEN (POPULUS TREMULOIDES); ELK (CERVUS ELAPHUS); FIRE; HERBIVORY; YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK ID VEGETATION; SELECTION; BEAVERS AB Most stands of trembling aspen (Populus tremuloides) in northern Yellowstone National Park appear to have become established between 1870 and 1890, with little regeneration since 1900. There has been controversy throughout this century regarding the relative roles of browsing by elk (Cervus elaphus) and fire suppression in preventing aspen regeneration. Fires in 1988 burned 22% of the northern ungulate winter range in the park, and created an unusual opportunity to investigate interactions between fire, ungulate browsing, and aspen regeneration. We tested two hypotheses. (1) The fires would stimulate such prolific sprouting of new aspen stems in burned stands that many stems would escape ungulate browsing and regenerate a canopy of large aspen stems. (2) Browsing pressure would be so intense that it would inhibit aspen canopy regeneration in the burned stands, despite prolific sprouting, but increased forage production in the burned areas would attract elk so that they would not seek out remote aspen stands, and hence, aspen regeneration would occur in unburned aspen stands remote from the burned areas. We sampled aspen sprout density, height, growth form, and browsing intensity in six burned aspen stands, six unburned stands close (< 1 km) to the burned area, and six unburned stands remote (>4 km) from the burned area. Density of sprouts was generally greater in the burned stands than in the unburned stands in spring 1990 (2 yr after the fires), but was approaching the density of unburned stands by fall 1991. There were no significant differences in browsing intensity (percent of aspen sprouts browsed by ungulates) in 1990 or 1991 among burned, unburned close, or unburned remote stands, nor were there differences in relation to growth form (juvenile vs. adult sprouts). Unbrowsed sprouts generally were lower than the depth of the snowpack, suggesting that elk browsed nearly all sprouts that were accessible. The age distribution of 15 aspen stands across the northern winter range indicated that p regeneration of large canopy stems had been episodic even prior to the establishment of the park in 1872. The period 1870-1890, when the present-day aspen stands were generated, was historically unique: numbers of elk and other browsers were low, climate was relatively wolf, Canis lupus) were present. This combination of events has not recurred since 1900. The recent paucity of aspen regeneration in northern Yellowstone National Park cannot be explained by any single factor (e.g., excessive elk numbers or fire suppression) but involves a complex interaction among factors. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT BOT & MICROBIOL,NORMAN,OK 73019. AYA CONSULTING,BIG TIMBER,MT 59011. RP ROMME, WH (reprint author), FT LEWIS COLL,DEPT BIOL,DURANGO,CO 81301, USA. RI Turner, Monica/B-2099-2010; Romme, William/C-7317-2016 NR 55 TC 192 Z9 196 U1 7 U2 53 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI TEMPE PA ARIZONA STATE UNIV CENTER ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, TEMPE, AZ 85287 SN 0012-9658 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD OCT PY 1995 VL 76 IS 7 BP 2097 EP 2106 DI 10.2307/1941684 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RX362 UT WOS:A1995RX36200010 ER PT J AU PERSSON, B LEE, HS GORTON, L SKOTHEIM, T BARTLETT, P AF PERSSON, B LEE, HS GORTON, L SKOTHEIM, T BARTLETT, P TI REDOX POLYMERS FOR ELECTROCATALYTIC OXIDATION OF NADH - A RANDOM BLOCK METHYL-SILOXANE POLYMER CONTAINING MELDOLA BLUE SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE BIOSENSOR; NADH; MELDOLA BLUE; REDOX POLYMER ID CHEMICALLY MODIFIED ELECTRODES; NICOTINAMIDE COENZYMES; REGENERATION; ADSORPTION; FERROCENE; CATALYSIS; DOPAMINE; OXIDASE AB A water-insoluble modified methyl-siloxane polymer which held 9-dimethylaminobenzo[a]phenoxazine-7-ium (Meldola Blue) units, was synthesized, characterized, and used to drop-coat solid graphite electrodes. The electrocatalytic oxidation of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in the polymer could be described by the Michaelis-Menten type of kinetics as seen from steady-state measurements in 0.25 M phosphate buffer, pH 7, at 0 mV (vs. SCE). The electrocatalytic properties of the redox polymer was evaluated using the him thickness as a major variable. The theoretical model found to describe the NADH oxidation at the redox polymer modified electrode, is presented. A maximum NADH sensitivity of 40 mu A cm(-2) mM(-1) at a coverage of 0.5 mu g cm(-2) was indicated. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV SCI MAT,UPTON,NY 11973. MOLTECH CORP,TUCSON,AZ 85747. UNIV SOUTHAMPTON,DEPT CHEM,SOUTHAMPTON SO17 1BJ,HANTS,ENGLAND. RP PERSSON, B (reprint author), LUND UNIV,DEPT ANALYT CHEM,POB 124,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. RI Bartlett, Philip/C-4606-2008 OI Bartlett, Philip/0000-0002-7300-6900 NR 37 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 3 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD OCT PY 1995 VL 7 IS 10 BP 935 EP 940 DI 10.1002/elan.1140071005 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA TB200 UT WOS:A1995TB20000004 ER PT J AU SMOLANDER, M GORTON, L LEE, HS SKOTHEIM, T LAN, HL AF SMOLANDER, M GORTON, L LEE, HS SKOTHEIM, T LAN, HL TI FERROCENE-CONTAINING POLYMERS AS ELECTRON-TRANSFER MEDIATORS IN CARBON-PASTE ELECTRODES MODIFIED WITH PQQ-DEPENDENT ALDOSE DEHYDROGENASE SO ELECTROANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE BIOSENSOR; ALDOSE; FERROCENE; CARBON PASTE ELECTRODE ID GLUCOSE-OXIDASE; AMPEROMETRIC BIOSENSORS; SENSOR; XYLOSE; SYSTEM AB The aim of this work was to improve an aldose-detecting biosensor based on quinoprotein aldose dehydrogenase (ALDH). Polymer-bound ferrocene derivatives with four different structures were studied as electron transfer mediators between the coenzyme of ALDH, pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ), and the conducting electrode material. The ferrocene polymers were mixed into carbon paste, which was used for the preparation of aldose-detecting electrodes by immobilizing ALDH on the carbon paste surface by adsorption. The current responses of the ferrocene polymer modified electrodes were studied and the effect of the polymer structure on the response was examined. The electrodes modified with all four polymers showed maximum response at the working potential around 300 mV (vs. Ag/AgCl). The operational stability of the ferrocene polymer modified electrodes was better than that of corresponding dimethylferrocene modified electrodes. The ferrocene polymer modified electrodes seemed to be suitable for the measurement of real samples. C1 LUND UNIV,DEPT ANALYT CHEM,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV SCI MAT,UPTON,NY 11973. MOLTECH CORP,STONY BROOK,NY 11790. NATL YANG MING UNIV,INST BIOMED ENGN,TAIPEI 11221,TAIWAN. RP SMOLANDER, M (reprint author), VTT,BIOTECHNOL & FOOD RES,POB 1501,SF-02044 ESPOO,FINLAND. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 11 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 1040-0397 J9 ELECTROANAL JI Electroanalysis PD OCT PY 1995 VL 7 IS 10 BP 941 EP 946 DI 10.1002/elan.1140071006 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry GA TB200 UT WOS:A1995TB20000005 ER PT J AU MCBREEN, J YANG, XQ LEE, HS OKAMOTO, Y AF MCBREEN, J YANG, XQ LEE, HS OKAMOTO, Y TI EXAFS STUDIES OF MIXED SALT COBR2/LIBR-PEO COMPLEXES SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Polymer Electrolytes (ISPE4) CY JUN 21-25, 1994 CL NEWPORT, RI SP Ciba Geigy Japan Ltd, Cyprus Foote Mineral Co, Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd, Duracell Int Inc, Ever Ready Battery Co Inc, USN, Off Naval Res, Yuasa Corp DE X-RAY ABSORPTION; EXAFS; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; COBALT BROMIDE; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) ID X-RAY ABSORPTION; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; LI(I) AB X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Co K edge was used to study the Co coordination in CoBr2 (PEO)(16) and [0.45 CoBr2 + 0.55 LiBr](PEO)(16) at 25 degrees C. In CoBr2 (PEO)(16) the salt consists of mostly undissociated CoBr2 coordinated with six oxygens from the PEG. The respective Co-Br and Co-O bond lengths are 2.36 Angstrom, and 2.49 Angstrom. In [0.45 CoBr2 + 0.55 LiBr](PEO)(16) the Co is coordinated with three Br atoms with a bond distance of 2.40 Angstrom and between two and three O atoms with a bond distance of 2.27 Angstrom. On the addition of LiBr the Co coordination changes from a mixture of octahedral and tetrahedral species to exclusively tetrahedral coordination. The anomalous conductivity behaviour of the mixed salt CoBr2/LiBr-(PEO) complex is related to the formation of CoBr3- complexes and a reduction in crosslinking of the PEO by the CoBr2. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. RP MCBREEN, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1995 VL 40 IS 13-14 BP 2115 EP 2118 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00149-9 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA RU089 UT WOS:A1995RU08900013 ER PT J AU DOYLE, M NEWMAN, J AF DOYLE, M NEWMAN, J TI THE USE OF MATHEMATICAL-MODELING IN THE DESIGN OF LITHIUM POLYMER BATTERY SYSTEMS SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Polymer Electrolytes (ISPE4) CY JUN 21-25, 1994 CL NEWPORT, RI SP Ciba Geigy Japan Ltd, Cyprus Foote Mineral Co, Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd, Duracell Int Inc, Ever Ready Battery Co Inc, USN, Off Naval Res, Yuasa Corp DE LITHIUM; BATTERIES; POLYMER ELECTROLYTES; MODELING ID DIFFUSION AB The use of mathematical modeling and computer simulations in the understanding of lithium/polymer battery performance is discussed. A general model of these systems is reviewed, with particular attention to the assumptions involved in the analysis. The parameters required for the model are categorized according to whether they are transport, thermodynamic, or design-adjustable properties, and the experiments necessary to measure these data are described. The role of mathematical modeling in the design process is also considered. Dimensionless groups and simple correlations useful for characterizing the primary system limitations are given. A general approach to identifying optimum values of system parameters such as electrode thicknesses is reviewed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP DOYLE, M (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 21 TC 77 Z9 80 U1 6 U2 32 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1995 VL 40 IS 13-14 BP 2191 EP 2196 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00162-8 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA RU089 UT WOS:A1995RU08900026 ER PT J AU DOEFF, MM VISCO, SJ MA, YP PENG, M DING, L DEJONGHE, LC AF DOEFF, MM VISCO, SJ MA, YP PENG, M DING, L DEJONGHE, LC TI THIN-FILM SOLID-STATE SODIUM BATTERIES FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Polymer Electrolytes (ISPE4) CY JUN 21-25, 1994 CL NEWPORT, RI SP Ciba Geigy Japan Ltd, Cyprus Foote Mineral Co, Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd, Duracell Int Inc, Ever Ready Battery Co Inc, USN, Off Naval Res, Yuasa Corp DE BATTERY; SODIUM; SOLID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE; SODIUM COBALT OXIDE; MANGANESE OXIDE ID POLYMER ELECTROLYTE CELLS; X LESS; INSERTION; LITHIUM; OXIDES; PHASE; NA AB Research from this laboratory on the sodium/solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) battery is described. Recent results show a performance level that equals or exceeds that of the better-known lithium analogs in terms of rate capability, cycle life and specific power, but at a lower projected cost per kilowatt hour, making sodium/SPE systems attractive for applications such as electric vehicles. Optimization of electrolyte composition and cathodes, using solid redox polymerization electrodes, sodium cobalt oxide or a new manganese oxide, is discussed, and areas for further study are suggested. RP DOEFF, MM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Doeff, Marca/G-6722-2013 OI Doeff, Marca/0000-0002-2148-8047 NR 30 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 41 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1995 VL 40 IS 13-14 BP 2205 EP 2210 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00164-A PG 6 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA RU089 UT WOS:A1995RU08900028 ER PT J AU LEE, HS YANG, XQ MCBREEN, J OKAMOTO, Y CHOI, LS AF LEE, HS YANG, XQ MCBREEN, J OKAMOTO, Y CHOI, LS TI A NEW FAMILY OF ANION RECEPTORS AND THEIR EFFECT ON ION-PAIR DISSOCIATION AND CONDUCTIVITY OF LITHIUM-SALTS IN NONAQUEOUS SOLUTIONS SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Symposium on Polymer Electrolytes (ISPE4) CY JUN 21-25, 1994 CL NEWPORT, RI SP Ciba Geigy Japan Ltd, Cyprus Foote Mineral Co, Dai Ichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co Ltd, Duracell Int Inc, Ever Ready Battery Co Inc, USN, Off Naval Res, Yuasa Corp DE ANION RECEPTORS; ANION COMPLEXES; ELECTROLYTES; X-RAY ABSORPTION ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; COMPLEXES AB A new family of anion receptors based on aza-ether compounds have been synthesized. Since the anion complexation of these compounds is not based on either positively charged sites or hydrogen bonding, they have a potential to be used in lithium batteries as electrolyte additives. When these compounds are added to non-aqueous electrolytes with lithium salts, such as LiCl/THF or LiBr/THF, the ionic conductivity can be dramatically increased. Near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy studies show that Cl- anions are complexed with the nitrogen groups in these compounds. The increase in ionic conductivity and the degree of complexation, are both related to the number of R = CF3SO2 groups that are used to substitute the amine hydrogen atoms in these aza-ether compounds. C1 POLYTECH UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 11201. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP LEE, HS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 8 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1995 VL 40 IS 13-14 BP 2353 EP 2356 DI 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00192-H PG 4 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA RU089 UT WOS:A1995RU08900055 ER PT J AU GORODNITSKY, IF GEORGE, JS RAO, BD AF GORODNITSKY, IF GEORGE, JS RAO, BD TI NEUROMAGNETIC SOURCE IMAGING WITH FOCUSS - A RECURSIVE WEIGHTED MINIMUM NORM ALGORITHM SO ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY AND CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE RECURSIVE WEIGHTED MINIMUM NORM ALGORITHM; NEUROMAGNETIC SOURCE LOCALIZATION; EEG/MEG ID SINGULAR VALUE DECOMPOSITION; BIOMAGNETIC INVERSE PROBLEM; DIPOLE SOURCE LOCALIZATION; POTENTIALS; RECONSTRUCTION; EXTRAPOLATION; RESOLUTION; SIMULATION; IMAGES; EEG AB The paper describes a new algorithm for tomographic source reconstruction in neural electromagnetic inverse problems. Termed FOCUSS (FOCal Underdetermined System Solution), this algorithm combines the desired features of the two major approaches to electromagnetic inverse procedures. Like multiple current dipole modeling methods, FOCUSS produces high resolution solutions appropriate for the highly localized sources often encountered in electromagnetic imaging. Like linear estimation methods, FOCUSS allows current sources to assume arbitrary shapes and it preserves the generality and ease of application characteristic of this group of methods. It stands apart from standard signal processing techniques because, as an initialization-dependent algorithm, it accommodates the non-unique set of feasible solutions that arise from the neuroelectric source constraints. FOCUSS is based on recursive, weighted norm minimization. The consequence of the repeated weighting procedure is, in effect, to concentrate the solution in the minimal active regions that are essential for accurately reproducing the measurements. The FOCUSS algorithm is introduced and its properties are illustrated in the context of a number of simulations, first using exact measurements in 2- and 3-D problems, and then in the presence of noise and modeling errors. The results suggest that FOCUSS is a powerful algorithm with considerable utility for tomographic current estimation. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP GORODNITSKY, IF (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. FU NEI NIH HHS [EY08610] NR 55 TC 285 Z9 291 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI PUBL IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA CUSTOMER RELATIONS MANAGER, BAY 15, SHANNON INDUSTRIAL ESTATE CO, CLARE, IRELAND SN 0013-4694 J9 ELECTROEN CLIN NEURO JI Electroencephalogr. Clin. Neurophysiol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 95 IS 4 BP 231 EP 251 DI 10.1016/0013-4694(95)00107-A PG 21 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Clinical Neurology SC Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology GA TB368 UT WOS:A1995TB36800002 PM 8529554 ER PT J AU BREWER, LR DAVIDSON, JC BALCH, JW CARRANO, AV AF BREWER, LR DAVIDSON, JC BALCH, JW CARRANO, AV TI 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING OF DNA FRAGMENTS DURING ELECTROPHORESIS USING A CONFOCAL DETECTOR SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE 3-DIMENSIONAL IMAGING; ELECTROPHORESIS; DNA; CONFOCAL DETECTOR AB We have measured the three-dimensional distribution of DNA fragments within an electrophoretic band confined by a glass microchannel. The measurements were made using a confocal microscope and a photon-counting photomultiplier detector. A DNA sequencing standard was loaded into glass microchannel plates containing polyacrylamide gel. The measurements were made by scanning the plates in three dimensions using a mechanical stage under computer control, while electrophoresis was taking place. We found that the distribution of DNA was the same for all the bands measured in the sequencing ladder with an approximate Gaussian distribution along all three axes. These measurements are important to understand what physical forces shape electrophoretic bands confined by a channel and they also aid in the design of high throughput DNA sequencers. RP BREWER, LR (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,L222,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Brewer, Laurence/G-4056-2012 NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD OCT PY 1995 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1846 EP 1850 DI 10.1002/elps.11501601303 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA TF548 UT WOS:A1995TF54800005 PM 8586052 ER PT J AU HARP, JM PALMER, EL YORK, MH GEWIESS, A DAVIS, M BUNICK, GJ AF HARP, JM PALMER, EL YORK, MH GEWIESS, A DAVIS, M BUNICK, GJ TI PREPARATIVE SEPARATION OF NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLES CONTAINING DEFINED-SEQUENCE DNA IN MULTIPLE TRANSLATIONAL PHASES SO ELECTROPHORESIS LA English DT Article DE NUCLEOSOME CORE PARTICLE; PREPARATIVE ELECTROPHORESIS; NUCLEOPROTEIN COMPLEX; TRANSLATIONAL PHASE AB The nucleosome core particle is composed of an octamer of core histone proteins and about 146 bp of DNA. When reconstituted from purified histone octamer and defined-sequence, nucleosome positioning DNA fragments, the DNA will bind to the histone core in a number of translational phases with respect to the dyad symmetry axis of the histone octamer. Only one of these phases contains symmetrically bound DNA, and it is this species which is required for crystallization and X-ray diffraction studies. We have developed a technique for separating nucleosome core particles, containing defined-sequence 146 bp DNA, which differ only in translational phasing of the DNA with respect to the histone octamer core. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE GRAD SCH BIOMED SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM29818] NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0173-0835 J9 ELECTROPHORESIS JI Electrophoresis PD OCT PY 1995 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1861 EP 1864 DI 10.1002/elps.11501601305 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA TF548 UT WOS:A1995TF54800007 PM 8586054 ER PT J AU KAHN, E AF KAHN, E TI REGULATING REGIONAL POWER-SYSTEMS - CASE-STUDIES AND PERSPECTIVES ON EMERGING COMPETITION - ANDREWS,CJ SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Book Review C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,INST ENERGY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KAHN, E (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD OCT PY 1995 VL 23 IS 10 BP 923 EP 923 DI 10.1016/0301-4215(95)90002-0 PG 1 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TH004 UT WOS:A1995TH00400010 ER PT J AU WINEMILLER, KO KELSOWINEMILLER, LC BRENKERT, AL AF WINEMILLER, KO KELSOWINEMILLER, LC BRENKERT, AL TI ECOMORPHOLOGICAL DIVERSIFICATION AND CONVERGENCE IN FLUVIAL CICHLID FISHES SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE ADAPTIVE RADIATION; CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; COSTA RICA; DIET; PHYLOGENY; VENEZUELA; ZAMBIA ID CICHLASOMA-CITRINELLUM; RAINFOREST STREAMS; LAKE MALAWI; SPECIALIZATION; COMMUNITIES; TELEOSTEI; ASSEMBLAGES; SUNFISHES; EVOLUTION; HABITATS AB We compared ecological and morphological patterns among cichlid faunas from three different biotic regions: the Rio Tortuguero/Rio Sarapiqui in Costa Pica, the Rio Apure drainage in Venezuela, and the Upper Zambezi drainage in Zambia. Cichlids comprise 19 percent of the fish fauna in the Tortuguero and Upper Zambezi drainages and 6.5 percent in the Apure drainage. Cichlid faunas exhibited similar patterns of habitat and food resource utilization, although vegetation-dwelling is more common and detritivory and herbivory are rarer in the Apure fauna. We hypothesize that South American ostariophysan fishes were more preadapted than cichlids to exploit detritivore and herbivore niches. The Zambezi cichlid fauna shows less ecomorphological diversification than the other two faunas, even though the degree of dietary diversification is similar among faunas. Chaetobranchus flavescens from the Venezuelan fauna is the only species that specializes on zooplankton as an adult, and algae grazing (Neetroplus nematopus) and specialized fruit feeding ('Cichlasoma' tuba) were represented only in the Costa Rican fauna. Based on the most recent hypothesized phylogeny for the family Cichlidae, we identified numerous interfaunal ecomorphological and feeding niche convergences. Patterns of ecomorphological divergence in relation to cladogenesis indicate a faster rate of evolutionary niche diversification in Central American cichlids compared with the two other faunas. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WINEMILLER, KO (reprint author), TEXAS A&M UNIV,DEPT WILDLIFE & FISHERIES SCI,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843, USA. RI Langerhans, R./A-7205-2009; OI Winemiller, Kirk/0000-0003-0236-5129 NR 76 TC 104 Z9 112 U1 6 U2 20 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1909 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD OCT PY 1995 VL 44 IS 1-3 BP 235 EP 261 DI 10.1007/BF00005919 PG 27 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA TA167 UT WOS:A1995TA16700018 ER PT J AU Morgan, DL Shines, CJ Jeter, SP Wilson, RE Elwell, MP Price, HC Moskowitz, PD AF Morgan, DL Shines, CJ Jeter, SP Wilson, RE Elwell, MP Price, HC Moskowitz, PD TI Acute pulmonary toxicity of copper gallium diselenide, copper indium diselenide, and cadmium telluride intratracheally instilled into rats SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ARSENIDE AB Acute toxicity studies were conducted on copper gallium diselenide (CGS), copper indium diselenide (CIS), and cadmium telluride (CT), three novel compounds used in the photovoltaic and semiconductor industries. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (six rats/dose) were administered 0, 12, 25, 50, or 100 mg/kg body wt of CGS, CIS, or CT by intratracheal instillation. At 72 hr after treatment, body weight gain was significantly decreased in the 100 mg/kg CIS group and in all CT dose groups. Lung weights were increased in most chemical-treated rats, with CT causing the greatest increase. Total numbers of cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly increased in treated rats and were greatest in the 100 mg/kg CIS group. Differential cell counts of BALF demonstrated a marked decrease in the percentage of alveolar macrophages and an increase in the percentage of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in all dose groups of all three chemicals. Slight to moderate increases in lactate dehydrogenase activity were observed in BALF from CGS- and CIS-treated rats; marked increases were observed in CT-treated rats. BALF protein was significantly increased in rats treated with CIS and CT. Microscopic examination revealed lymphoid hyperplasia in lungs of rats treated with all three chemicals. CT caused necrosis of the terminal bronchiolar epithelium and epithelium of the alveolar duct region with inflammation, prominent fibrin exudates, and type II cell hyperplasia. CGS and CIS also caused intraalveolar inflammation and type II cell hyperplasia, but did not cause the necrosis and fibrin exudate observed in lungs of CT-treated rats. Based on changes in lung weight, BALF indices, and histopathology, CT was the most toxic for the lung; CIS had intermediate toxicity and CGS was the least toxic. The solubilities of CGS and CIS were relatively low and similar at both pH levels and do not readily explain the observed differences in pulmonary toxicity. The solubility of CdTe was considerably greater than that of CGS and CIS and likely contributed to the greater toxicity of this compound. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 MANTECH ENVIRONM TECHNOL INC,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 12401. RP Morgan, DL (reprint author), NIEHS,POB 12233,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709, USA. NR 14 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 71 IS 1 BP 16 EP 24 DI 10.1006/enrs.1995.1062 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA VC747 UT WOS:A1995VC74700003 PM 8757234 ER PT J AU Longtin, JP Tien, CL Kilgo, MM Russo, RE AF Longtin, JP Tien, CL Kilgo, MM Russo, RE TI Temperature measurement during high-intensity laser-liquid interactions SO EXPERIMENTAL HEAT TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID PHOTOTHERMAL DEFLECTION SPECTROSCOPY; SAMPLES AB The interaction of high-intensity, short-pulse laser radiation with liquids is fundamental to many contemporary technologies. Nonlinear phenomena can become important at high intensities, resulting in dramatic changes in the thermal response of the liquid to the incident radiation compared to classical model predictions. This work presents an experimental technique to measure the temperature rise during high-intensity laser-liquid interactions based on photothermal deflection of a laser probe beam. The technique is applicable for both weakly and strongly absorbing liquids, and for moderate and strong focusing of the heating laser beam. The experimental data are compared to theoretical predictions for two distinct high-intensity phenomena: saturable absorption and multiphoton ionization. lire agreement between experimental predictions and theoretical results is good. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENGN MECH,BERKELEY,CA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0891-6152 J9 EXP HEAT TRANSFER JI Exp. Heat Transf. PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 8 IS 4 BP 241 EP 255 PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA UA834 UT WOS:A1995UA83400001 ER PT J AU THIEBAUD, HP KNIZE, MG KUZMICKY, PA HSIEH, DP FELTON, JS AF THIEBAUD, HP KNIZE, MG KUZMICKY, PA HSIEH, DP FELTON, JS TI AIRBORNE MUTAGENS PRODUCED BY FRYING BEEF, PORK AND A SOY-BASED FOOD SO FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINO-ALPHA-CARBOLINES; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SUPERCRITICAL FLUID EXTRACTION; HETEROCYCLIC AROMATIC-AMINES; CIGARETTE-SMOKE CONDENSATE; COOKED GROUND-BEEF; CANCER MORTALITY; GAMMA-CARBOLINES; COOKING FUMES; TEMPERATURE AB Airborne cooking by-products from frying beef (hamburgers), pork (bacon strips) and soybean-based food (tempeh burgers) were collected, extracted, tested for mutagenicity and chemically analysed. The fumes generated by frying pork and beef were mutagenic, with 4900 and 1300 revertants/g of food cooked, respectively. No mutagenicity was detected in fumes from frying tempeh burgers. Bacon fried to a well-done but non-charred state was eight times more mutagenic in a microsuspension Ames/Salmonella test (TA98 with S-9) than hamburgers and about 350 times more mutagenic than tempeh burgers. Among food samples cooked to a well-done, non-charred state, bacon strips had almost 15-fold more mass (109.5 ng/g) than that of the beef, whereas no heterocyclic amine (HCA) was detected in the fried tempeh burgers. 2-Amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine (PhIP) was the most abundant HCA, followed by 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) and 2-amino-3,4,8-trimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (DiMeIQx). No 2-amino-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (A alpha C) was detected in the food samples fried at about 200 degrees C, although it was present in the collected airborne products. The total amounts of HCAs in the smoke condensates were 3 ng/g from fried bacon, 0.37 ng/g from fried beef and 0.177 ng/g from fried soy-based food. This study indicates that cooks are potentially exposed to relatively high levels of airborne mutagens and carcinogens and that long-term sampling inside restaurants and kitchens may be warranted in order to assess the potential risk of prolonged exposure. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP THIEBAUD, HP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT ENVIRONM TOXICOL,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA55861] NR 43 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0278-6915 J9 FOOD CHEM TOXICOL JI Food Chem. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 33 IS 10 BP 821 EP 828 DI 10.1016/0278-6915(95)00057-9 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology SC Food Science & Technology; Toxicology GA TF961 UT WOS:A1995TF96100003 PM 7590526 ER PT J AU BRANNAN, CJ CURTIS, CW CRONAUER, DC AF BRANNAN, CJ CURTIS, CW CRONAUER, DC TI THE EFFECT OF COAL BENEFICIATION AND SWELLING ON LIQUEFACTION BEHAVIOR OF BLACK-THUNDER COAL SO FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DIRECT LIQUEFACTION; SUBBITUMINOUS COAL; SOLVENT SWELLING OF COAL; SO2 BENEFICIATION; SLURRY PHASE CATALYSTS ID LOW-RANK COALS; SOLVENT AB Liquefaction experiments were undertaken using subbituminous Black Thunder mine coal to observe the effects of aqueous SO2 coal beneficiation and the introduction of various coal swelling solvents and catalyst precursors. Aqueous SO2 beneficiation of Black Thunder coal removed alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, increased the sulfur content and increased the catalytic liquefaction conversion to tetrahydrofuran (THF) solubles compared to untreated Black Thunder coal. The liquefaction solvent had varying effects on coal conversion, depending upon the type of solvent added. The hydrogen donor solvent, dihydroanthracene, was most effective, while a coal-derived Wilsonville solvent promoted more coal conversion than did relatively inert 1-methylnaphthalene. Swelling of coal with hydrogen bonding solvents tetrahydrofuran, isopropanol, and methanol, prior to reaction resulted in increased noncatalytic conversion of both untreated and SO2 treated Black Thunder coals, while dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), which was absorbed more into the coal than any other swelling solvent, was detrimental to coal conversion. Swelling of SO2 treated coal before liquefaction resulted in the highest coal conversions; however, the untreated coal showed the most improvements in catalytic reactions when swelled in either THF, isopropanol, or methanol prior to liquefaction. C1 AUBURN UNIV,DEPT CHEM ENGN,AUBURN,AL 36849. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 32 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3820 J9 FUEL PROCESS TECHNOL JI Fuel Process. Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 45 IS 1 BP 53 EP 67 DI 10.1016/0378-3820(95)00031-2 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Applied; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA RV843 UT WOS:A1995RV84300004 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, JL LAMARCHE, P AF ANDERSON, JL LAMARCHE, P TI TRITIUM ACTIVITIES IN THE UNITED-STATES SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB There have been many significant changes in the status of tritium activities in the US since the 4th Tritium Conference in October, 1991. The Replacement Tritium Facility (RTF) at Savannah River Site and the Weapons Engineering Tritium Facility (WETF) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory are now operational with tritium. The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) has initiated a highly successful experimental campaign studying DT plasmas, and has produced more than 10 Megawatts (MW) of fusion power in a DT plasma. Sandia National Laboratory has ceased tritium operations at the Tritium Research Laboratory (TRL) and many of the activities previously performed there have been transferred to Los Alamos and Savannah River. The tritium laboratory at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory has reduced the tritium inventory to <5 grams. The Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos continues to be at the forefront of tritium technology and safety development for the fusion energy program. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP ANDERSON, JL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MS H813,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 21 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 479 EP 490 PN 1 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400007 ER PT J AU BIRDSELL, SA WILLMS, RS AF BIRDSELL, SA WILLMS, RS TI MODELING AND DATA-ANALYSIS OF A PALLADIUM MEMBRANE REACTOR FOR TRITIATED IMPURITIES CLEANUP SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID METHANE AB A model was developed to explore the use of a palladium membrane reactor for fusion fuel processing. The model was benchmarked to tritium-containing experiments that simulated the expected plasma exhaust of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor. This modeling effort has greatly improved our understanding of the processes occuring in the reactor. RP BIRDSELL, SA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP C-348,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 530 EP 537 PN 1 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400015 ER PT J AU BOGGS, BL STEINHOFF, RL AF BOGGS, BL STEINHOFF, RL TI AN APPROACH TO TRITIUM PRODUCTION USING A LINEAR PROTON ACCELERATOR SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB With the end of the Cold War and the signing of strategic arms agreements between the U.S. and Russia, the need for a large nuclear stockpile has dramatically decreased. However due to the natural decay (5.5%/year) of tritium, it is still necessary to produce tritium to maintain the much smaller nuclear stockpile. Since the shutdown of the K-Reactor at the Savannah River Site, the U.S. has not had a tritium producing facility in operation, thus a new production facility is needed. One option for producing tritium employs the use of a linear proton accelerator. RP BOGGS, BL (reprint author), US DOE,1000 INDEPENDENCE AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 538 EP 543 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400016 ER PT J AU CLARK, EA DAUCHESS, DA HEUNG, LK RABUN, RL MOTYKA, T AF CLARK, EA DAUCHESS, DA HEUNG, LK RABUN, RL MOTYKA, T TI EXPERIENCE WITH PALLADIUM DIFFUSERS IN TRITIUM PROCESSING SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Hydrogen isotopes are separated from other gases by permeation through palladium and palladium-silver alloy diffusers, or permeators, in the Tritium Facilities at the US Department of Energy Savannah River Site (SRS). Diffusers have provided effective service for almost 40 years. This paper is an overview of the operational experience with the various diffuser types that have been employed at SRS. Alternative technologies being developed at SRS for purifying hydrogen isotopes are also discussed. RP CLARK, EA (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 566 EP 572 PN 1 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400021 ER PT J AU FISHER, PW GOUGE, MJ AF FISHER, PW GOUGE, MJ TI TRITIUM PROOF-OF-PRINCIPLE PELLET INJECTOR - PHASE-II SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID JOINT EUROPEAN TORUS; SYSTEM AB As part of the International Thermonuclear Engineering Reactor (ITER) plasma fueling development program, Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) has fabricated a pellet injection system to test the mechanical and thermal properties of extruded tritium. This repeating, single-stage, pneumatic injector, called the Tritium-Proof-of-Principle Phase II (TPOP-II) Pellet Injector, has a piston-driven mechanical extruder and is designed to extrude hydrogenic pellets sized for the ITER device. The TPOP-II program has the following development goals: evaluate the feasibility of extruding tritium and deuterium-tritium (D-T) mixtures for use in future pellet injection systems; determine the mechanical and thermal properties of tritium and D-T extrusions; integrate, test, and evaluate the extruder in a repeating, single-stage light gas Sun that is sized for the ITER application (pellet diameter similar to 7 to 8 mm); evaluate options for recycling propellant and extruder exhaust gas; evaluate operability and reliability of ITER prototypical fueling systems in an environment of significant tritium inventory that requires secondary and room containment systems. In initial tests with deuterium feed at ORNL, up to 13 pellets have been extruded at rates up to 1 Hz and accelerated to speeds of 1.0 to 1.1 km/s, using hydrogen propellant gas at a supply pressure of 65 bar. The pellets, typically 7.4 mm in diameter and up to 11 mm in length, are the largest cryogenic pellets produced by the fusion program to date. These pellets: represent about a 11% density perturbation to ITER. Hydrogenic pellets will be used in ITER to sustain the fusion power in the plasma core and may be crucial in reducing first-wall tritium inventories by a process called isotopic fueling in which tritium-rich pellets fuel the burning plasma core and deuterium gas fuels the edge. RP FISHER, PW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 603 EP 607 PN 1 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400027 ER PT J AU GIERSZEWSKI, P RAMAN, R HWANG, D AF GIERSZEWSKI, P RAMAN, R HWANG, D TI COMPACT TOROID FUELING FOR ITER SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID COMPRESSION; TORUS AB Experimental and theoretical work indicates that deep fueling of ITER may be possible by Compact Toroid (CT) injection. CT velocities sufficient for center fueling of a reactor have been demonstrated in the RACE device. CT injections into the TdeV tokamak have achieved central penetration at 1.4 T, and have increased the particle inventory by more than 30% without disruption. Tests on the MARAUDER device have achieved CT mass-densities suitable for injection into 5 T tokamaks. Techniques for producing multiple-shot CT's with passive electric switching are being tested on CTIX. The advantages of deep fueling by CT injection include profile peaking to reach ignition, profile control, low tritium inventory and others. In this paper, the CT experimental results are summarized, a conceptual design of a CT fueler for ITER is presented, and the implications on ITER operation and fuel cycle are discussed. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP GIERSZEWSKI, P (reprint author), CFFTP,2700 LAKESHORE RD W,MISSISSAUGA,ON L5J 1K3,CANADA. NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 619 EP 624 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400030 ER PT J AU KUAN, W ABDOU, MA WILLMS, RS AF KUAN, W ABDOU, MA WILLMS, RS TI DYNAMIC SIMULATION OF A PROPOSED ITER TRITIUM PROCESSING SYSTEM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Dynamically simulating the fuel cycle in a fusion reactor is crucial to developing a better understanding of the safe and reliable operation of this complex system. In this work, we propose a tritium processing system for ITER's plasma exhaust. The dynamic simulation of this proposed system is then performed with the TRUFFLES (TRitiUm Fusion Fuel cycLE dynamic Simulation) model. The fuel management, storage, and fueling operations are developed and coupled with previous cryopump and fuel cleanup unit subsystems to fully realize the complete torus exhaust flow cycle. Results show that tritium inventories will vary widely depending upon reactor operation, individual subsystem and unit operation designs. A diverse collection of batch-controlled subsystems with changes in their processing parameters are simulated in this work. In particular, the effects from the fuel management subsystem's fuel reserve and tank switching times are quantified using sensitivity studies. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KUAN, W (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 664 EP 671 PN 1 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400038 ER PT J AU LATGE, C SHERMAN, RS SEREPEYRIGAIN, P AF LATGE, C SHERMAN, RS SEREPEYRIGAIN, P TI STEADY-STATE SIMULATION OF A TSTA COLUMN BY MEANS OF A MASS-TRANSFER MODEL SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID DISTILLATION AB The simulation of the units for hydrogen isotope separation by cryogenic distillation with packed columns can be carried out with a very efficient tool, based on a non equilibrium model [1]. This new approach enables a better representation of the physical phenomena involved in the columns to be obtained and consequently, better accuracy for the tritium inventory in the whole process. At the TSTA facility, one of main systems is the Isotope Separation System (ISS), fitted with an on-line laser Raman spectroscopy system : it allows to obtain very accurate composition profiles in the columns, rapidly and safely. Using experimental data, provided by TSTA, CEA, associated with PROSIM S.A., have carried out calculations on column 1. This study clearly demonstrates: the high efficiency of the experimental device. the good accuracy of the results in comparison with experimental data (composition profiles). the powerful of the method for design activities. C1 PROSIM SA,F-31078 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TSTA,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LATGE, C (reprint author), CEN CADARACHE,FRENCH ATOM ENERGY COMMISS,BP 1,F-13108 ST PAUL DURANCE,FRANCE. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 687 EP 692 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400042 ER PT J AU SCOGIN, JH POORE, AS AF SCOGIN, JH POORE, AS TI STARTUP AND OPERATION OF A METAL HYDRIDE BASED ISOTOPE-SEPARATION PROCESS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Production scale separation of tritium from other hydrogen isotopes at the Savannah River Site (SRS) in Aiken, SC, USA, has been accomplished by several methods. These methods include thermal diffusion (1957-1986), fractional absorption (1964-1968), and cryogenic distillation (1967-present). Most recently, the Thermal Cycling Absorption Process (TCAP), a metal hydride based hydrogen isotope separation system, began production in the Replacement Tritium Facility (RTF) on April 9, 1994. TCAP has been in development at the Savannah River Technology Center since 1980. The production startup of this semi-continuous gas chromatographic separation process is a significant accomplishment for the Savannah River Site and was achieved after years of design, development, and testing. RP SCOGIN, JH (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 2 TC 7 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 736 EP 741 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400050 ER PT J AU WILLMS, RS BIRDSELL, SA WILHELM, RC AF WILLMS, RS BIRDSELL, SA WILHELM, RC TI RECENT PALLADIUM MEMBRANE REACTOR DEVELOPMENT AT THE TRITIUM SYSTEMS TEST ASSEMBLY SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The palladium membrane reactor (PMR) is being investigated as a means for recovering hydrogen isotopes (including tritium) from compounds such as water and methane. Previous work with protiated water and methane showed that this device can be used to obtain high hydrogen recovery efficiencies using a single processing pass and with essentially no waste production. With these successful proof-of-principle results completed, recent work has focused on PMR development. This included studies of various geometries and testing with tritium. The results, which are reported here, have led to a better understanding of the PMR and will lead to the ultimate goal of building a production PMR and puting it into practical tritium processing service. RP WILLMS, RS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP C-348,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 3 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 772 EP 777 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400056 ER PT J AU WILLMS, RS SHERMAN, RH RIGGS, JB OKUNO, K AF WILLMS, RS SHERMAN, RH RIGGS, JB OKUNO, K TI DEMONSTRATION OF REGULATORY PROCESS-CONTROLS ON THE TSTA CRYOGENIC DISTILLATION SYSTEM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID MODEL AB Fusion fuel processing systems are expected to rely on multi-column, cryogenic distillation systems for separating hydrogen isotopes. These systems will run continuously and need to respond to feeds varying considerably in both composition and flowrate. These systems will also need to operate with minimal inventories due to the value and safety concerns associated with tritium. These factors result in a clear need for a system of automatic control to maintain the isotope separation system operating properly. Such a system of regulatory (or material balance) controls have been added to the four-column ISS at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly. These controls have been tuned and tested individually. Then the overall system was demonstrated to work successfully. The results of this work is reported in this paper. C1 TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RP WILLMS, RS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP C-348,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 778 EP 784 PN 1 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400057 ER PT J AU HEUNG, LK AF HEUNG, LK TI STRIPPER SYSTEM PERFORMANCE IN THE REPLACEMENT TRITIUM FACILITY SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID SAVANNAH RIVER SITE AB In the new Replacement Tritium Facility (RTF) at the Savannah River Site, gloveboxes and stripper systems are used to minimize tritium release to the environment. The RTF was built to handle kilogram levels of tritium. It was started up and has been in operation since January 1994. The glovebox-stripper system has performed well in confining tritium leaks from the process. The tritium level in the gloveboxes has been maintained at below 0.1 Ci/m(3) under normal conditions. During a large leak of tritium gas from the process to a glovebox, the tritium concentration in the glovebox shot up to about 4000 Ci/m(3) However, there was no significant release of tritium to the environment. The tritium reading in the glovebox decreased to a 10 Ci/m(3) level after 6 days of stripping. The performance of the gIovebox-stripper system during this tritium leak and the possible factors for the long and slow decay of the tritium concentration in the glovebox are discussed in this paper. RP HEUNG, LK (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,773-A,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 859 EP 864 PN 1 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400070 ER PT J AU RULE, K GILBERT, J ASCIONE, G BIRCKBICHLER, D ELWOOD, S FLOURNOY, R STENCEL, J TILSON, C AF RULE, K GILBERT, J ASCIONE, G BIRCKBICHLER, D ELWOOD, S FLOURNOY, R STENCEL, J TILSON, C TI TFTR D-T EXPERIENCE WITH TRITIUM RADIOACTIVITY DURING MAINTENANCE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) facility began operations with trace tritium in July 1993. These operations consist of the delivery, storage, injection, and subsequent processing of tritium gas in support of the D-T fusion program. The tritium is transferred throughout the facility using vacuum pumping systems and expansion volumes. These systems have manipulated and processed 14.4 PBq (388,983 Ci) of tritium from July 1993 through December 1994. This paper discusses the operational health physics program with regard to the performance of maintenance on tritium contaminated systems. Data and findings are provided from maintenance situations ranging from work on small volume piping to large volume neutral beam systems. Results and comparisons of tritium contamination levels, airborne radioactivity levels, and oil concentrations are presented for these systems. Descriptions of the maintenance tasks are provided for the entire scope of work and include general information toward conceptual understanding of the maintenance conduct of operations. General procedural requirements, job planning, pre-job briefing topics, control mechanisms, techniques to reduce exposure, and lessons learned are discussed. A complete description of various types of tritium monitoring and sampling equipment is also discussed. Several types of air monitoring equipment were used during these tasks to identify the most consistent and reliable methods for detection and radiological assessments. The results of radiological measurements are described in relation to the differentiation of elemental tritium to tritium oxide in worker's breathing zones and the associated general work area. A comparison is provided to process system monitoring, system moist air purges, system contamination levels and subsequent stack emission sampling for both elemental and oxide tritium. A summary is provided to describe the relationship between elemental and oxide tritium as a result of properly planned and performed maintenance on tritium process systems. RP RULE, K (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 946 EP 950 PN 1 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ844 UT WOS:A1995RZ84400085 ER PT J AU KLEIN, JE AF KLEIN, JE TI IN-BED ACCOUNTABILITY OF TRITIUM IN PRODUCTION SCALE METAL HYDRIDE STORAGE BEDS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB An ''in-bed accountability'' (IBA) flowing gas calorimetric measurement method has been developed and implemented to eliminate the need to remove tritium from production scale metal hydride storage beds for inventory measurement purposes. Six-point tritium IBA calibration curves have been completed for two, 390 gram tritium metal hydride storage beds. The calibration curves for the two tritium beds are similar to those obtained from the ''cold'' test program. Tritium inventory errors at the 95 percent confidence level ranged from +/- 7.3 to 8.6 grams for the cold test results compared to +/- 4.2 to 7.5 grams obtained for the two tritium calibrated beds. RP KLEIN, JE (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 5 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1026 EP 1032 PN 2 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500005 ER PT J AU NASISE, JE WALTHERS, CR BASINGER, RW AF NASISE, JE WALTHERS, CR BASINGER, RW TI A SELF-ASSAYING TRITIUM STORAGE BED FOR ITER SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB A safe metal-hydride ''self-assaying'' tritium storage bed, featuring accurate tritium assaying measurements is being designed, built, and tested at the Tritium Systems Test Assembly (TSTA) at the Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) program. Time consuming inventory operations can be shortened by utilizing ''self-assaying'' tritium storage beds. Design considerations, calculations, problems, and construction details of the bed are presented. Sensitivity, predictability, and simplicity are optimized in this design by utilizing thermal radiation as the primary mode of heat transfer. Thermal analysis calculations have shown that the design may provide 15 times the ITER required sensitivity at full capacity of 150 gT. RP NASISE, JE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,MS C348,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1055 EP 1060 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500010 ER PT J AU SAVILLE, C ASCIONE, G ELWOOD, S NAGY, A RAFTOPOULOS, S ROSSMASSLER, R STENCEL, J VOORHEES, D TILSON, C AF SAVILLE, C ASCIONE, G ELWOOD, S NAGY, A RAFTOPOULOS, S ROSSMASSLER, R STENCEL, J VOORHEES, D TILSON, C TI TFTR TRITIUM INVENTORY ACCOUNTABILITY SYSTEM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) requires control and accountability of nuclear materials for all DOE-owned nuclear materials at licensed and licensed-exempt facilities. Through a series of DOE orders (5633.3 and associated referenced series), the DOE has set forth minimum requirements and procedures for control and accountability of nuclear materials. The TFTR has been in deuterium-tritium (D-T) operations since November 1993 utilizing DOE-owned tritium for fueling the plasma reaction. As a result of the current D-T experiments at TFTR, 30 grams of tritium have been shipped to PPPL, tracked through the tritium storage and delivery systems, processed as scrap or waste, and shipped back to other DOE-owned facilities for disposal or reprocessing. Under the guidance of the DOE control and accountability orders, PPPL is required to implement and maintain a program that includes the establishment of nuclear material balance areas, material surveillance, calibration and verification of measurement devices, graded safeguards for protection of tritium inventories, computerized tracking of measurement control points, material balance reports, shipper/receiver evaluations, and extensive DOE reporting requirements. This paper discusses the program (PPPL Material Control and Accountability Plan) that has been implemented to track DOE-owned tritium and all other accountable source material. Specifically, this paper details the methods used to measure tritium in various systems at TFTR, resolve inventory differences, perform inventory by difference inside the Tokamak, process and measure plasma exhaust and other effluent gas streams, process, measure and ship scrap or waste tritium on molecular sieve beds, and detail the organizational structure of the Material Control and Accountability (MC&A) group. In addition, this paper describes a Unix(TM) based computerized software system developed at PPPL to account for all tritium movements throughout the facility. RP SAVILLE, C (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1078 EP 1082 PN 2 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500014 ER PT J AU VOORHEES, DR ROSSMASSLER, RL ZIMMER, G AF VOORHEES, DR ROSSMASSLER, RL ZIMMER, G TI TRITIUM ANALYSIS AT TFTR SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The tritium analytical system at TFTR is used to determine the purity of tritium bearing gas streams in order to provide inventory and accountability measurements. The system includes a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) and beta scintillator originally configured at Monsanto Mound Research Laboratory. The system was commissioned and tested in 1992 and is used daily for analysis of calibration standards, incoming tritium shipments, gases evolved from uranium storage beds and effluent gases from the tokamak. The instruments are controlled by a personal computer with customized software written with a graphical programming system designed for data acquisition and control. A discussion of the instrumentation, control systems, system parameters, procedural methods, algorithms, and operational issues will be presented. Measurements of gas holding tanks and tritiated water waste streams using ion chamber instrumentation are discussed elsewhere. (1,2) RP VOORHEES, DR (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1083 EP 1089 PN 2 PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500015 ER PT J AU ANDERL, RA BAKER, JD BOURNE, GL PAWELKO, RJ AF ANDERL, RA BAKER, JD BOURNE, GL PAWELKO, RJ TI TRITIUM AND HELIUM RELEASE FROM IRRADIATED BERYLLIUM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Tritium and helium release behavior have been measured for Be specimens irradiated at 75 degrees C in the Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) to a fast neutron fluence of 5x10(22) n/cm(2). Stepped-isothermal anneal experiments were conducted from room temperature to above the melting point of Be, with the temperature steps varied from one experiment to the other. In-line ion chambers and quadrupole mass spectrometers were used to measure the gases released to an Ar process gas stream flowing across a heated specimen. Gases released from the specimens included H-2, He-3, He-4, and tritium as HT and T-2. Release of the hydrogenic and tritium gases were observed to be concurrent with the release of helium, providing direct evidence of these gases in microscopic helium bubbles in the irradiated Be. Tritium and helium release kinetics were dependent on the magnitude of the temperature steps between 600 degrees C and 800 degrees C. RP ANDERL, RA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,LOCKHEED MARTIN IDAHO TECHNOL,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1114 EP 1119 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500020 ER PT J AU CAUSEY, RA BUCHENAUER, D TAYLOR, D HARBIN, W ANDERL, B AF CAUSEY, RA BUCHENAUER, D TAYLOR, D HARBIN, W ANDERL, B TI STATUS AND FUTURE OF THE TRITIUM PLASMA-EXPERIMENT SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The Tritium Plasma Experiment (TPE) has been recently upgraded and relocated at the Tritium System Test Assembly (TSTA) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. The first tritium plasma in the upgraded system was achieved on May 11, 1995. TPE is a unique facility devoted to experiments on the migration and retention of tritium in fusion reactor materials. This facility is now capable of delivering 100 to 200 eV tritons at a level of 1 A/cm(2) to a 5 mm diameter sample, similar to that expected for the divertor of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor(ITER). An aggressive research plan has been established, and experiments are expected to begin in June of 1995. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP CAUSEY, RA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1144 EP 1147 PN 2 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500025 ER PT J AU LONGHURST, GR ANDERL, RA DOLAN, TJ MULOCK, MJ AF LONGHURST, GR ANDERL, RA DOLAN, TJ MULOCK, MJ TI MODELING TRITIUM PROCESSES IN PLASMA-FACING BERYLLIUM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID DEUTERIUM; DESORPTION AB In this paper we present techniques and recommended parameters for modeling tritium implantation, trapping and release, and permeation, in beryllium-clad structures adjacent to the plasma. Among the features that should be considered are the effects of surface films, the mobility of beryllium through those films, damage caused by ion implantation, especially in regions where pitting may be expected, and bubble formation. Tritium transport parameters recommended are based on fits with experimental data and available theory. Estimates of inventories in ITER using these parameters are also given. RP LONGHURST, GR (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1217 EP 1222 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500039 ER PT J AU OHIRA, S NAKAMURA, H OKUNO, K TAYLOR, DJ SHERMAN, RH AF OHIRA, S NAKAMURA, H OKUNO, K TAYLOR, DJ SHERMAN, RH TI BETA-DECAY INDUCED REACTION STUDIES OF TRITIUM BY LASER RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY - T-2-CO SYSTEM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID MIXED GASES; HYDROGEN; TSTA; H-2; HD; HT; DT AB The dynamic measurement of the reaction in T-2-CO 1:1 mixed gas was carried out using laser Raman spectroscopy. A catastrophic change was observed in the Raman spectra due to appearance of fine particles floating in the quartz Raman cell at about 100 min after mixing. Assignment of the new peaks on the spectra due to appearance of the particles was not successful. An attempt to specify the solid reaction product by mass spectroscopic analysis of the gas phase constituent showed the elemental formula of the product was about C-1.4:T-3.0:O-1.0. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,TRITIUM SCI & TECHNOL GRP,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP OHIRA, S (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TRITIUM ENGN LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1239 EP 1243 PN 2 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500043 ER PT J AU GENTILE, CA ANDERSON, JL LAMARCHE, PH AF GENTILE, CA ANDERSON, JL LAMARCHE, PH TI THE OPERATION OF THE TOKAMAK FUSION TEST REACTOR TRITIUM FACILITY SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The TFTR tritium operations staff has successfully received, stored, handled, and processed over five hundred thousand curies of tritium for the purpose of supporting D-T (Deuterium-Tritium) operations at TFTR. Tritium operations personnel nominally provide continuous round the clock coverage (24 hours/day, 7 days/week) in shift complements consisting of 1 supervisor and 3 operators. Tritium Shift Supervisors and operators are required to have 5 years of operational experience in either the nuclear or chemical industry and to become certified for their positions. The certification program provides formal instruction, as well as on the job training. The certification process requires 4 to 6 months to complete, which includes an oral board lasting up to 4 hours at which time the candidate is tested on their knowledge of Tritium Technology and TFTR Tritium systems. Once an operator is certified, the training process continues with scheduled training weeks occurring once every 5 weeks. During D-T operations at TFTR the operators must evacuate the tritium area due to direct radiation from TFTR D-T pulses. During this time operators maintain cognizance over tritium systems via a real time TV camera system. Operators are able to gain access to the Tritium area between TFTR D-T pulses, but have been excluded from the tritium area during D-T pulsing for periods up to 30 minutes. Tritium operators are responsible for delivering tritium gas to TFTR as well as processing plasma exhaust gases which lead to the deposition of tritium oxide on disposable molecular sieve beds (DMSB). Once a DMSB is loaded, the operations staff remove the expended DMSB, and replace it with a new DMSB container. The TFTR tritium system is operated via detailed procedures which require operator sign off for system manipulation. There are >300 procedures controlling the operation of the tritium systems. In addition detailed procedures are employed to maintain configuration control over the Tritium facility. All maintenance activities in the Tritium area are controlled via a work permit system which requires that the Tritium Shift Supervisor sign the permit and be cognizant of work in the area. All manipulation of tritium systems during maintenance activities are performed under the direct supervision of the Tritium Shift Supervisor. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP GENTILE, CA (reprint author), PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1327 EP 1329 PN 2 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500059 ER PT J AU METZLER, J LE, T AF METZLER, J LE, T TI TRITIUM RECYCLING (PROCESSING) FACILITY DESIGN SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The maintenance of a nuclear weapons capability requires the periodic replacement of tritium contained in each of the weapons in the nuclear weapons stockpile because the radioactive decay of tritium reduces its quantity by about 5.5 percent per year The Tritium Recycling Plant (TRP) performs the activities necessary to recover, purify, and recycle tritium returned from the field. Tritium is contained in vessels called reservoirs. The TRP also has the capability to conduct environmental tests to ensure the reliability and quality of the reservoirs. Currently, the U.S. has no source of new tritium. The proposed new TRP is an option the U.S. Department of Energy (U.S. DOE) is considering that could be collocated with the new Tritium Supply Plant if it is built at Oak Ridge, Pantex, Nevada Test Site, or Idaho National Engineering Laboratory(1). It will comply with applicable environment, safety and health, (ES&H) regulations and orders. If the new Tritium Supply Plant is built at the Savannah River Site, the existing TRP would be upgraded, as necessary. C1 FLUOR DANIEL INC,IRVINE,CA 92730. RP METZLER, J (reprint author), US DOE,1000 INDEPENDENCE AVE SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1359 EP 1364 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500065 ER PT J AU WEAVER, WW AF WEAVER, WW TI A REGULATORS PERSPECTIVE ON TRITIUM HANDLING SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Tritium handling will continue throughout the foreseeable future within the U.S. Department of Energy complex. Changes are occurring that emphasize greater care in tritium handling. Technological improvements (e.g. ''hardware'' advances) are only part of the solution. The other area of improvement concerns the support or ''software'' side. Improved programs and procedures affecting operations, maintenance, surveillance, and emergency response are being implemented. The heightened emphasis on worker safety issues is the discussion of the two major assessments and their lessons learned. RP WEAVER, WW (reprint author), US DOE,GTN,EH 34,19901 GERMANTOWN RD,GERMANTOWN,MD 20874, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1371 EP 1375 PN 2 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500067 ER PT J AU HEUNG, LK AF HEUNG, LK TI TRITIUM TRANSPORT VESSEL USING DEPLETED URANIUM SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB A tritium transport vessel using depleted uranium was tested in the laboratory using deuterium and protium. The vessel contains 0.5 kg of depleted uranium and can hold up to 18 grams of tritium. The conditions for activation, tritium loading and tritium unloading were defined. The safety aspects that included air-ingress, tritium diffusion, temperature and pressure potentials were evaluated. Air ingress did not cause any temperature surge when the uranium was fully hydrided, but created a temperature peak of 200 degrees C when the uranium was dehydrided. Accumulation of non-reactive gases such as argon and moisture in the air blocked further air ingress. Only a flow-through type of air ingress could damage the vessel. RP HEUNG, LK (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,773-A,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 6 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1385 EP 1390 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500069 ER PT J AU DUNN, DL AF DUNN, DL TI CONSOLIDATED INCINERATION FACILITY TRITIUM EMISSIONS MONITORING SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB The Savannah River Technology Center (SRTC), a research and development facility at the U. S. Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS), provides environmental and regulatory compliance support to onsite operations. A new Consolidated Incinerator Facility (CIF) at SRS is being built to treat hazardous and a combination of hazardous and radioactive (mixed) wastes. RP DUNN, DL (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1469 EP 1471 PN 2 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500083 ER PT J AU HOFSTETTER, KJ AF HOFSTETTER, KJ TI CONTINUOUS AQUEOUS TRITIUM MONITORING SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Continuous monitoring for tritium in the aqueous effluents of selected Savannah River Site (SRS) facilities is performed using a unique system that includes an automated water purification system and a flow-through radiation detection system optimized for tritium. Beads of plastic scintillator coupled with coincidence electronics provide adequate sensitivity (similar to 25KBq/L) for tritium breakthrough detection in the aqueous discharge stream from these facilities. The tritium effluent water monitors (TEWMs) at SRS provide early warning (within 30 minutes) of an unanticipated release of tritium, supplement the routine sampling surveillances, and mitigate the impact of aqueous plant discharges of tritium to the environment. RP HOFSTETTER, KJ (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1527 EP 1531 PN 2 PG 5 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500093 ER PT J AU KLEIN, JE WERMER, JR AF KLEIN, JE WERMER, JR TI TRITIUM STRIPPING IN A NITROGEN GLOVE BOX USING PALLADIUM ZEOLITE AND SAES ST 198(TM) SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB Glove box clean-up experiments were conducted in a nitrogen glove box using palladium deposited on zeolite (Pd/z) and a SAES St 198TM getter as tritium stripping materials. Protium/deuterium samples spiked with tritium were released into a 620 liter glove box to simulate tritium releases in a 10,500 liter glove box. The Pd/z and the SAES St 198TM stripper beds produced a reduction in tritium activity of approximately two to three orders of magnitude and glove box clean-up was limited by a persistent background tritium activity level. Attempts to significantly reduce the glove box activity to lower levels without purging were unsuccessful. RP KLEIN, JE (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER SITE,AIKEN,SC 29808, USA. NR 3 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1532 EP 1539 PN 2 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500094 ER PT J AU NOBILE, A BIENIEWSKI, T FRAME, K LITTLE, R FISHER, K AF NOBILE, A BIENIEWSKI, T FRAME, K LITTLE, R FISHER, K TI DESIGN OPTIMIZATION OF METAL GETTER REACTORS FOR REMOVING TRITIUM FROM FLOWING GAS STREAMS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY ID CLEANUP SYSTEM; PURIFICATION; BEDS AB A reaction engineering approach was used to design a SAES St 198 metal getter reactor for a glovebox detritiation system. The detritiation system will be used to decontaminate and decommission an Li(D,T)-contaminated glovebox previously used in the U.S. nuclear weapons program. The approach involved development of a model that calculates reactor breakthrough curves as a function of various reactor physical parameters. Experiments involving flow of deuterium in nitrogen through a small metal getter reactor validated the model. The model was then used to investigate the effects of temperature, getter pellet size, reactor diameter, and reactor volume on the reactor performance. The resulting design was a 7 cm diam. by 40 cm long cylindrical reactor that operates at 250 degrees C, and is filled with 5 kg of as-received SAES St 198 getter pellets. The reactor handles a now rate of 100 L/min. An St 909 getter reactor was used upstream of the St 198 reactor for impurity removal and water decomposition. The glovebox cleanup system design and getter reactor mechanical design are discussed. RP NOBILE, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1558 EP 1565 PN 2 PG 8 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500098 ER PT J AU SPEED, DL STENCEL, JR GILBERT, JD LEUENBERGER, RL CHIRUVOLU, M CISLO, RJ SCHROEDER, LR AF SPEED, DL STENCEL, JR GILBERT, JD LEUENBERGER, RL CHIRUVOLU, M CISLO, RJ SCHROEDER, LR TI TRITIUM WASTE MANAGEMENT FOR TFTR D-T OPERATIONS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Topical Meeting on Tritium Technology in Fission, Fusion, and Isotopic Applications CY MAY 28-JUN 03, 1995 CL BELGIRATE, ITALY AB This paper describes the low level radioactive and mixed wastes generated at the Princeton Plasma Physics Laboratory (PPPL) by the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) operations. The D-T operations are in progress and will continue through most of 1995. The data presented is for the wastes generated at the TFTR facility in calendar year (CY) 1994. RP SPEED, DL (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 1566 EP 1571 PN 2 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RZ845 UT WOS:A1995RZ84500099 ER PT J AU Kim, UJ Shizuya, H Chen, XN Deaven, L Speicher, S Solomon, J Korenberg, J Simon, MI AF Kim, UJ Shizuya, H Chen, XN Deaven, L Speicher, S Solomon, J Korenberg, J Simon, MI TI Characterization of a human chromosome 22 enriched bacterial artificial chromosome sublibrary SO GENETIC ANALYSIS-BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sublibrary; chromosome 22; fluorescence in situ hybridization; genomic library ID FACTOR-BASED VECTOR; DNA LIBRARIES; GENOME; CONSTRUCTION; YEAST AB Selection of chromosomal sublibraries from total human genomic libraries is critical for chromosome-based physical mapping approaches. We have previously reported a method of screening total human genomic library using flow sorted chromosomal DNA as a hybridization probe and selection of a human chromosome 22-enriched sublibrary from a total human bacterial artificial chromosome (BAG) library (Nucleic Acids Res 1995; 23: 1838-39). We describe here further details of the method of construction as well as characterization of the chromosome 22-enriched sublibrary thus constructed, Nearly 40% of the BAC clones that have been mapped by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis were localized to chromosome 22. By screening the sublibrary using chromosome 22-specific hybridization probes, we estimated that the sublibrary represents at least 2.5 x coverage of chromosome 22. This is in good agreement with the results from FISH mapping experiments, FISH map data also indicate that chromosome 22-specific BACs in the sublibrary represent all the subregions of chromosome 22. C1 CALTECH,BECKMANN INST,PASADENA,CA 91125. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP Kim, UJ (reprint author), CALTECH,DIV BIOL,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1050-3862 J9 GENET ANAL-BIOMOL E JI Genet. Anal.-Biomol. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 12 IS 2 BP 73 EP 79 DI 10.1016/1050-3862(95)00121-2 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA TY153 UT WOS:A1995TY15300002 PM 8574897 ER PT J AU Kim, UJ Shizuya, H Sainz, J Garnes, J Pulst, SM deJong, P Simon, MI AF Kim, UJ Shizuya, H Sainz, J Garnes, J Pulst, SM deJong, P Simon, MI TI Construction and utility of a human chromosome 22-specific Fosmid library SO GENETIC ANALYSIS-BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Fosmid library; human chromosome 22; contig map; YAC clone ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; FACTOR-BASED VECTOR; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; HUMAN DNA; GENOME; CLONES AB We have previously demonstrated the capability of the Fosmid vector based on Escherichia coli F-Factor replicon to stably propagate cosmid-sized human genomic DNA fragments. Using the Fosmid vector, we have constructed and arrayed a 10x human chromosome 22-specific library, partly by picking human positive clones from a total Fosmid library constructed using DNA from human-hamster hybrid cell line containing human chromosome 22, and partly by using flow-sorted chromosomal DNA. The clones and physical contig maps of the clones in the library will serve as a valuable resource for detailed analysis of the chromosome by somal regions of interest spanning several hundred kilobases to a megabase, it is necessary to rapidly identify subsets of the Fosmid clones from the library that cover such regions. In this report, we describe a method of using random amplification products derived from YAC clones to rapidly identify a subset of Fosmid clones that cover a specific genomic subregion. C1 CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,NEUROGENET LAB,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME L 452,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP Kim, UJ (reprint author), CALTECH,DIV BIOL 147 75,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1050-3862 J9 GENET ANAL-BIOMOL E JI Genet. Anal.-Biomol. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 12 IS 2 BP 81 EP 84 DI 10.1016/1050-3862(95)00122-0 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA TY153 UT WOS:A1995TY15300003 PM 8574898 ER PT J AU JARDINE, PM TAYLOR, DL AF JARDINE, PM TAYLOR, DL TI KINETICS AND MECHANISMS OF CO(II)EDTA OXIDATION BY PYROLUSITE SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID MIGRATION; BIRNESSITE; TRANSPORT; SORPTION; TRENCH; MN(II); CARBON; OXIDES AB Monitoring and restoration activities at low-level radioactive waste disposal sites have identified complicated mixtures of inorganic and organic contaminants in soil and groundwater. Metallic contaminants are generally complexed with various chelating agents and organic acids which alter the geochemical behavior of the contaminants in subsurface media. The objective of this study was to provide an improved understanding of the geochemical processes controlling the subsurface transport of radioactive Co-60 complexed with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). Specifically, we investigated the kinetics and mechanisms of Co(II)EDTA(2-) oxidation to Co(III)EDTA(-) by the soil mineral pyrolusite (beta-MnO2). A column displacement technique was utilized to investigate Co(II)EDTA(2-) reactivity and oxidation rates through packed beds of pyrolusite-coated SiO2. The interaction of Co(II)EDTA(2-) with the porous media was characterized by a MnO2-induced oxidation of the Co(II)EDTA(2-) to Co(II)EDTA(-). The oxidation of Co(II)EDTA(2-) appeared to involve the reduction of Mn(IV) to both an aqueous Mn2+ species and a theorized Mn(III)-oxide solid phase. The redox reaction was catalytic since the reduction products were gradually reoxidized in the presence of dissolved O-2 to form a Mn(IV)-oxide phase. Oxidation of surface-bound Mn2+ and the theorized Mn(III)-oxide was slow relative to Co(II)EDTA(2-) oxidation, and a reversible loss in the oxidative ability of the beta-MnO2 occurred when exposed to Co(II)EDTAZ-.The reduction in catalytic activity of the MnO2 was not the result of direct surface poisoning by Mn2+, but rather was believed to result from the formation of an intermediate Mn(III)-oxide solid phase whose oxidative potential was significantly less than MnO2. Thus, the kinetics of Co(II)EDTA(2-) oxidation to Co(III)EDTA(-) by MnO2 was dependent on the rate of MnO2 surface regeneration. The environmental implications of this redox reaction are pronounced, since any Co(III)EDTA(-) produced is extremely stable,and this enhances the persistence and transport of Co-60 in subsurface environments. RP JARDINE, PM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 54 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1995 VL 59 IS 20 BP 4193 EP 4203 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00295-B PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TC228 UT WOS:A1995TC22800006 ER PT J AU BREARLEY, AJ BAJT, S SUTTON, SR AF BREARLEY, AJ BAJT, S SUTTON, SR TI DISTRIBUTION OF MODERATELY VOLATILE TRACE-ELEMENTS IN FINE-GRAINED CHONDRULE RIMS IN THE UNEQUILIBRATED CO3 CHONDRITE, ALH A77307 SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID CARBONACEOUS CHONDRITE; METEORITES; MATRIX; COMPONENTS AB The concentrations of Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, and Se in five, fine-grained chondrule rims in the highly unequilibrated CO3 chondrite ALH A77307 (3.0) have been determined for the first time by synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) microprobe at Brookhaven National Laboratory. These elements are especially useful for tracing the role of condensation and evaporation processes which occurred at moderate temperatures in the solar nebula. Understanding the distribution of moderately volatile elements between matrix and chondrules is extremely important for evaluating the different models for the volatile depletions in chondritic meteorites. The data show that the trace element chemistry of rims on different chondrules is remarkably similar, consistent with data obtained for the major and minor elements by electron microprobe. These results support the idea that rims are not genetically related to individual chondrules, but all sampled the same reservoir of homogeneously mixed dust. Of the trace elements analyzed, Zn and Ga show depletions relative to CI chondrite values, but in comparison with bulk CO chondrites all the elements are enriched by similar to 1.5 to 3.5 X CO. The abundance patterns for moderately volatile elements in ALH A77307 chondrule rims closely mimic those observed in the bulk chondrite, indicating that matrix is the major reservoir for these elements. The close matching of the patterns for the volatile depleted bulb chondrite and enriched matrix is especially striking for Na, which is anomalously depleted in ALH A77307 in comparison with average CO chondrite abundances. The depletion in Na is probably attributable to the effects of leaching in Antarctica. With the exception of Na, the volatile elements show a relatively smooth decrease in abundance as a function of condensation temperature, indicating that their behavior is largely controlled by their volatility. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT GEOPHYS SCI,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP BREARLEY, AJ (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,INST METEORIT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. RI Bajt, Sasa/G-2228-2010 NR 25 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD OCT PY 1995 VL 59 IS 20 BP 4307 EP 4316 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00249-Y PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA TC228 UT WOS:A1995TC22800016 PM 11539372 ER PT J AU Story, SP Amy, PS Bishop, CW Colwell, FS AF Story, SP Amy, PS Bishop, CW Colwell, FS TI Bacterial transport in volcanic tuff cores under saturated flow conditions SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE bacteria; cores; sandstone; subsurface; transport; volcanic tuff ID ENHANCED OIL-RECOVERY; DEEP SUBSURFACE; BEREA SANDSTONE; SAND COLUMNS; SOIL; WATER; MICROORGANISMS; GROUNDWATER; SEDIMENTS; MOVEMENT AB An antibiotic-resistant bacterium was rested for transport through volcanic tuff and sandstone cores. Tuff Scores were representative of the geology of Rainier Mesa located on the Nevada Test Sire (NTS). Rapid bacterial transport occurred in some of the tuff cores and all sandstone cores under the hydraulic heads used (5-500 cm). Hydraulic conductivity of the tuff cores ranged widely, 9.6 x 10(-5) to 1.2 x 10(-3) cm h(-1). A much narrower range was observed for sandstone cores, 1.6 x 10(-2) to 5.9 x 10(-2) cm h(-1), which served as experimental controls. The percentage of the initial bacterial inoculum recovered within 3 pore volumes from tuff and sandstone cores ranged from 9.4 to 54.7% and 0.20 to 2.9%, respectively. Bacterial recovery appeared to be controlled by the structure of the flow paths in rock cores and not by overall hydraulic conductivity. Saturated clay-infiltrated and unfractured zeolitized tuff cores were impermeable to wave flow, and therefore bacterial transport was not detected. Three routes of bacterial transport were discerned in permeable rock cores by comparison of the breakthrough patterns of bacteria and tracer solution (chloride ions) in cores of differing lithologies. In sandstone cores, where water flowed evenly through the matrix, bacteria were transported in a dispersed manner throughout the sandstone, whereas bacteria were transported primarily along preferred flow paths (fractures or macropores) in permeable tuff cores. C1 UNIV NEVADA,DEPT BIOL SCI,LAS VEGAS,NV 89154. EG&G IDAHO INC,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,BIOTECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 43 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS PI BRISTOL PA 1900 FROST ROAD, SUITE 101, BRISTOL, PA 19007-1598 SN 0149-0451 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 13 IS 4 BP 249 EP 264 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA VA522 UT WOS:A1995VA52200003 ER PT J AU VASCO, DW AF VASCO, DW TI A TRANSFORMATIONAL APPROACH TO GEOPHYSICAL INVERSE PROBLEMS SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE INVERSE PROBLEM; SEISMIC VELOCITIES; TOMOGRAPHY ID POWER-TRANSFORMATIONS; MODELS; REGRESSION; EXISTENCE; SYMMETRY AB A set of coordinate transformations is used to linearize a general geophysical inverse problem. Statistical and analytic techniques are employed to estimate the parameters of such linearization transformations. In the transformed space, techniques from linear inverse theory may be utilized. Consequently, important concepts, such as model parameter covariance, model parameter resolution and averaging kernels, may be carried over to non-linear inverse problems. I apply the approach to a set of seismic cross-borehole traveltimes gathered at the Conoco Borehole Test Facility. The seismic survey was conducted within the Fort Riley formation, a limestone with thin interbedded shales. Between the boreholes, the velocity structure of the Fort Riley formation consists of a high-velocity region overlying a section of lower velocity. It is found that model parameter resolution is poorest and spatial averaging lengths are greatest in the underlying low-velocity region. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, SEISMOG STN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 53 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 123 IS 1 BP 183 EP 212 DI 10.1111/j.1365-246X.1995.tb06670.x PG 30 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RX977 UT WOS:A1995RX97700013 ER PT J AU ALUMBAUGH, DL MORRISON, HF AF ALUMBAUGH, DL MORRISON, HF TI MONITORING SUBSURFACE CHANGES OVER TIME WITH CROSS-WELL ELECTROMAGNETIC TOMOGRAPHY SO GEOPHYSICAL PROSPECTING LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTION TOMOGRAPHY; INVERSION; CONDUCTIVITY AB A fast imaging technique is developed to deduce the spatial conductivity distribution in the earth from low-frequency(<1 MHz) cross-well electromagnetic measurements. A sinusoidally oscillating, vertically orientated, magnetic dipole is employed as a source, and it is assumed that the scattering bodies are azimuthally symmetric about the source dipole axis. The use of this model geometry reduces the 3D vector problem to a more manageable 2D scalar form. Additional efficiency is obtained by using the Born series approximation which is derived from non-linear integral equations that account for the scattered magnetic fields generated by inhomogeneities embedded in a layered earth. Stabilization of the inversion problem is accomplished through the use of bounding constraints and a regularization method which results in a smooth model that fits the data to the desired noise level. The applicability of cross-well electromagnetics for imaging and monitoring changes caused by subsurface processes has been tested by simulating plumes of conductive fluid with 2D models. The images that result from inverting these synthetic data indicate that the vertical resolution of the method is better than the horizontal, increasing the noise decreases the image resolution, and incorporating a priori knowledge in the form of positivity constraints improves the results. Although higher operating frequencies are usually associated with better resolution, frequencies as low as 100 Hz can produce acceptable images in simulated oilfield environments. The imaging scheme has been applied to data collected during a salt-water injection experiment at the Richmond Field Station test site in Richmond, California. Both the data and the resulting images clearly reveal the presence of the plume and that it is migrating towards the north-northwest rather than spreading symmetrically about the injection well. Applying the imaging code to synthetic data generated by a 3D sheet model verifies the interpretation of these results. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ALUMBAUGH, DL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,MS 0750,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 42 TC 18 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0016-8025 J9 GEOPHYS PROSPECT JI Geophys. Prospect. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 43 IS 7 BP 873 EP 902 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2478.1995.tb00286.x PG 30 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RZ244 UT WOS:A1995RZ24400002 ER PT J AU JONGEN, M JONES, MB HEBEISEN, T BLUM, H HENDREY, G AF JONGEN, M JONES, MB HEBEISEN, T BLUM, H HENDREY, G TI THE EFFECTS OF ELEVATED CO2 CONCENTRATIONS ON THE ROOT-GROWTH OF LOLIUM-PERENNE AND TRIFOLIUM-REPENS GROWN IN A FACE SYSTEM SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ELEVATED CO2; FACE; LOLIUM PERENNE; MESH BAGS; ROOT INGROWTH; TRIFOLIUM REPENS ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; INSECT HERBIVORE; CO-2 ENRICHMENT; DRY-MATTER; NITROGEN; PLANT; RESPONSES; ALLOCATION; PHOSPHORUS AB Lolium perenne and Trifolium repens were grown in a Free Air CO2 Enrichment (FACE) system at elevated (600 mu mol mol(-1)) and ambient (340 mu mol mol(-1)) carbon dioxide concentrations during a whole growing season. Using a root ingrowth bag technique the extent to which CO2 enrichment influenced the growth of L. perenne and T. repens roots under two contrasting nutrient regimes was examined. Root ingrowth bags were inserted for a fixed time into the soil in order to trap roots. It was also possible to follow the mortality of roots in bags inserted for different time intervals. Root ingrowth of both L. perenne and T. repens increased under elevated CO2 conditions. In L. perenne, root ingrowth decreased with increasing nutrient fertilizer level, but for T. repens the root ingrowth was not affected by the nutrient application rate. Besides biomass measurements, root length estimates were made for T. repens. These showed an increase under elevated CO2 concentrations. Root decomposition appeared to decrease under elevated CO2 concentrations. A possible explanation for this effect is the observed changes in tissue composition, such as the increase in the carbon:nitrogen ratio in roots of L. perenne at elevated CO2 concentrations. C1 ETH ZURICH,INST PLANT SCI,CH-8092 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP JONGEN, M (reprint author), UNIV DUBLIN TRINITY COLL,DEPT BOT,DUBLIN 2,IRELAND. OI Jongen, Marjan/0000-0003-1026-6622 NR 52 TC 72 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 15 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOB CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 1 IS 5 BP 361 EP 371 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00034.x PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TH601 UT WOS:A1995TH60100005 ER PT J AU WEST, CM WATKINS, JP TANKERSLEY, WG PAYNE, DD AF WEST, CM WATKINS, JP TANKERSLEY, WG PAYNE, DD TI LUNG DOSE ESTIMATES FROM AIR SAMPLING AND BIOASSAY DATA - A COMPARISON SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE AIR SAMPLING; EXCRETION, URINARY; URANIUM; STATISTICS AB Occupational monitoring data are typically in the form of air samples or biological samples. Air samples are more frequently available and often have been used to characterize personnel exposure in epidemiological studies. Air samples that are not specific to individual employees are easier and cheaper to procure than biological samples such as urinalyses. However, the correlation between concurrent air samples and urinalyses has not always been found to be strong. The purpose of this paper is to compare internal radiation doses for uranium workers estimated from air sample results with those estimated from urine sample results. The comparison was made on results associated with individuals who worked in a uranium processing and fabrication facility between 1950 and 1956. Independent lung dose estimates were made for individuals for whom both types of data were available for periods of 300-365 d. Plots of the data and statistical analyses failed to show evidence of correlation of any practical significance between the data generated by the two methods. A number of unquantifiable variables were enumerated for both types of estimates. It is concluded that within this study (1) only minimal correlation was demonstrable between lung doses based on air monitoring and doses based on urinalysis data because of the number of such variables affecting the measurements; and (2) general air data would not be the most useful measure of exposure upon which to base lung dose estimates. RP WEST, CM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE INST SCI & EDUC, CTR EPIDEMIOL RES, POB 117, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 481 EP 486 DI 10.1097/00004032-199510000-00005 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RX491 UT WOS:A1995RX49100006 PM 7558837 ER PT J AU GALLEGOS, G AF GALLEGOS, G TI SURVEILLANCE MONITORING OF SOILS FOR RADIOACTIVITY - LAWRENCE-LIVERMORE-NATIONAL-LABORATORY 1976 TO 1992 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE SOIL; PLUTONIUM; FALLOUT; CS-137 AB Environmental monitoring of soils at the U.S. Department of Energy's Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in California has been conducted for more than 20 years. The purposes of the program are to determine the effects, if any, of LLNL's operations on the surrounding areas near its two separate sites and to determine if there are any long-term trends. Data from 1976 to 1992 were analyzed to determine their appropriate statistical distribution, and differences among locations and changes with time were evaluated. The data generally followed lognormal distributions, and results for Pu-239+240 and Cs-137 data were consistent with previously reported values for world-wide fallout. Although all values for Pu-239+240 were small, Pu-239+240 data for locations downwind from the Livermore site were found to be statistically significantly higher than for upwind locations. Results for U-238 at Site 300 locations near where U-238 is used were significantly higher than background locations. Results for Cs-137 and K-40 were not significantly different between sites, whereas results for Th-232 were significantly higher for Site 300 than for the Livermore site. Doses for all radionuclides were below acceptable levels, and doses for most radionuclides were negligible. Evaluation of trends with time yielded small or statistically insignificant changes for all radionuclides. RP GALLEGOS, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, ENVIRONM MONITORING SECT, POB 808, L-629, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 487 EP 493 DI 10.1097/00004032-199510000-00006 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RX491 UT WOS:A1995RX49100007 PM 7558838 ER PT J AU DUDNEY, CS WILSON, DL BERTINI, H GAMMAGE, RB OTTEN, JA AF DUDNEY, CS WILSON, DL BERTINI, H GAMMAGE, RB OTTEN, JA TI ON THE REDUCTION OF ERROR IN ALPHA-TRACK DETECTOR MEASUREMENTS OF INDOOR RN-222 SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RADON; RN-222, INDOOR; DETECTOR, ALPHA-TRACK; RADON PROGENY ID RADON AB Small plastic chambers containing alpha track detectors are often used for measuring indoor concentrations of Rn-222. This paper reports an experimental assessment of sources of error in measurements made with alpha track detector-containing chambers. The results demonstrate the feasibility of a nondestructive test for the identification of alpha track detector-containing chambers that are packaged in a way that does not effectively prevent ambient Rn-222 from inducing tracks prior to field exposure. Results also indicate that there is statistically significant variation among manufacturing lots and among chemical processing batches. Error from these sources can be avoided or compensated if appropriate control measures are implemented as part of a quality assurance program during any survey using alpha track detector-containing chambers. C1 LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYST, ENVIRONM RESTORAT & WASTE MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP DUDNEY, CS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV HLTH SCI RES, LOCKHEED MARTIN ENERGY SYST, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 501 EP 507 DI 10.1097/00004032-199510000-00008 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RX491 UT WOS:A1995RX49100009 PM 7558840 ER PT J AU BERGER, CD GUPTA, VP HUDSON, CG PRYOR, KH STEVENSON, DA YODER, RC AF BERGER, CD GUPTA, VP HUDSON, CG PRYOR, KH STEVENSON, DA YODER, RC TI CRITERIA FOR PERFORMING MULTIPLE DOSIMETRY SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE DOSE ASSESSMENT; EFFECTIVE DOSE; RADIATION PROTECTION; DOSIMETRY AB When radiation fields vary spatially as a result of job- or location-specific conditions, the use of more than one dosimeter may be necessary for a variety of radiation protection purposes, This paper contains a methodology for when and how to use multiple dosimeters under conditions incident to routine activities in the presence of ionizing radiation, It also describes a methodology for determining the effective dose equivalent when the use of multiple dosimeters has been deemed necessary by radiation protection professionals, The methodology is based upon application of compartments and compartment factors. Included herein are examples demonstrating when multiple dosimeters should be used and how effective dose equivalent should be calculated using the compartment factors. C1 EG&G ROCKY FLATS PLANT, GOLDEN, CO 80402 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO, SAVANNAH RIVER LAB, AIKEN, SC 29808 USA. LANDAUER, GLENWOOD, IL 60425 USA. RP BERGER, CD (reprint author), INTEGRATED ENVIRONM MANAGEMENT INC, 1680 E GUDE DR, SUITE 305, ROCKVILLE, MD 20850 USA. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 570 EP 576 DI 10.1097/00004032-199510000-00020 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RX491 UT WOS:A1995RX49100021 PM 7558852 ER PT J AU PRICE, P AF PRICE, P TI TEST OF THE LINEAR NO-THRESHOLD THEORY SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP PRICE, P (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 2 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 577 EP 578 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RX491 UT WOS:A1995RX49100022 PM 7558853 ER PT J AU CUMMINGS, R AF CUMMINGS, R TI SENSITIVITY OF A MIXED FIELD DOSIMETRY ALGORITHM TO UNCERTAINTIES IN THERMOLUMINESCENT ELEMENT READINGS SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Letter RP CUMMINGS, R (reprint author), US DOE, IDAHO OPERAT OFF, 850 ENERGY PL, IDAHO FALLS, ID USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 69 IS 4 BP 579 EP 579 PG 1 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RX491 UT WOS:A1995RX49100024 PM 7558854 ER PT J AU WEIER, HUG WANG, M MULLIKIN, JC ZHU, Y CHENG, JF GREULICH, KM BENSIMON, A GRAY, JW AF WEIER, HUG WANG, M MULLIKIN, JC ZHU, Y CHENG, JF GREULICH, KM BENSIMON, A GRAY, JW TI QUANTITATIVE DNA FIBER MAPPING SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; LIBRARIES; SUPPORTS; MAPS; ALU AB The assembly of sequence ready, high-resolution physical maps and construction of minimally overlapping contigs for the human as well as model genomes requires accurate determination of the extent of overlap between adjacent clones as well as their relative orientation, This is presently done by procedures such as clone fingerprinting, Southern blot analysis or clone end sequencing, We present a complementary analytical technique to map directly cloned DNA sequences on to individual stretched DNA molecules, This approach uses the hydrodynamic force of a receding meniscus to prepare straight high molecular weight DNA molecules that provide a linear template of similar to 2.3 kb/mu m on to which the cloned probes can be mapped by in situ hybridization, This technique has numerous advantages such as a very high density of mapping templates, reproducible stretching of the mapping template providing a linear genomic scale, determination of clone orientation and direct visualization of DNA repeats, The utility and accuracy of quantitative DNA fiber mapping are illustrated through three examples: (i) mapping of lambda DNA restriction fragments along linearized similar to 49 kb long lambda phage DNA molecules with similar to 1 kb precision; (ii) localization of the overlap between a cosmid and a colinear P1 clone; and (iii) mapping of P1 clones along a similar to 490 kb yeast artificial chromosome (YAC) with similar to 5 kb precision and estimation of the similar to 25 kb gap between them. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INST PASTEUR,ADN,BIOPHYS LAB,F-75015 PARIS,FRANCE. RP WEIER, HUG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR MOLEC CYTOGENET,MS 74-157,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 58207] NR 36 TC 88 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0964-6906 J9 HUM MOL GENET JI Hum. Mol. Genet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 10 BP 1903 EP 1910 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA RZ885 UT WOS:A1995RZ88500013 PM 8595414 ER PT J AU TENCATE, JA MUIR, TG CAITI, A KRISTENSEN, A MANNING, JF SHOOTER, JA KOCH, RA MICHELOZZI, E AF TENCATE, JA MUIR, TG CAITI, A KRISTENSEN, A MANNING, JF SHOOTER, JA KOCH, RA MICHELOZZI, E TI BEAMFORMING ON SEISMIC INTERFACE WAVES WITH AN ARRAY OF GEOPHONES ON THE SHALLOW SEA-FLOOR SO IEEE JOURNAL OF OCEANIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID BOTTOM AB The problem of locating very low frequency sound sources in shallow water is made difficult by the interaction of propagating acoustic waves with the sea door, It is known that low frequency sound waves enter the bottom and are converted to a variety of compressional and shear wave types, including seismic interface waves, One of the latter is the Scholte wave, which travels in an elliptical orbit along the sediment-water interface. Scholte waves, although dispersive, often have speeds very much,slower than the speed of sound in water, Slow wave speeds and the attendant short wavelengths suggest that low frequency beamforming and source localization with sea floor geophones can be accomplished with relatively small arrays when compared with hydrophone arrays in the water column, To test the feasibility of this approach, experiments were carried out in the shallow water of the Malta Channel of the Straits of Sicily where the Scholte wave speed was some 10 to 20 times slower that the speed of sound in water, A linear array of ten vertically gimballed geophones was deployed and measurements were made on propagating seismic wave fields generated by explosive shots, The spatial coherence of the dispersive Scholte waves across the 40-m array was found to be above 0.9 for all shots, while the spatial coherence of the noise fell to 0.5 over a distance of 18 m along the array, indicating good prospects for array beamforming and noise rejection, Frequency dependent group velocities were obtained from the dataset and used to obtain phase velocities needed to implement an algorithm for dispersive beamforming, Since the phase velocities were quite low (130-200 m/s), narrow beams were formed at very low frequencies with this small array; half-power widths of 22 degrees at 7 Hz and 16 degrees at 11 Hz were obtained, The resulting directivities, beam patterns, and sidelobe characteristics are in excellent agreement with array theory, which suggests that coherent processing is a viable technique on which to base new applications for seismic arrays on the sea floor, Supporting material on the geophysics of Scholte waves is also presented, as are calculations of the wave field at the site, made possible by inversion of the velocity dispersion curves. C1 UNIV TEXAS,APPL RES LABS,AUSTIN,TX 78713. UNIV GENOA,FAC ENGN,DEPT INFORMAT SYST & TELEMETRY,I-16145 GENOA,ITALY. STATOIL RES & DEV CTR,DEPT GEOPHYS,N-7004 TRONDHEIM,NORWAY. SACLANT UNDERSEA RES CTR,I-19026 LA SPEZIA,ITALY. RP TENCATE, JA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Caiti, Andrea/0000-0002-5780-3299 NR 29 TC 2 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0364-9059 J9 IEEE J OCEANIC ENG JI IEEE J. Ocean. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 20 IS 4 BP 300 EP 310 DI 10.1109/48.468245 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Oceanography SC Engineering; Oceanography GA RZ860 UT WOS:A1995RZ86000007 ER PT J AU RAYMOND, TD SMITH, AV AF RAYMOND, TD SMITH, AV TI 2-FREQUENCY INJECTION-SEEDED ND-YAG LASER SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID AXIAL-MODE-OPERATION; OSCILLATOR AB Dual longitudinal mode (DLM) operation of a Nd:YAG laser is achieved by simultaneously injection seeding with two seed frequencies. We show that the relative energy in the two frequency components can be adjusted by varying the relative seed power, and that they have excellent spatial, angular, and temporal overlap. The result is a deeply modulated 1.06-mu m pulse with a modulation frequency that can be tuned from 185 MHz to at least 17 GHz in 185 MHz increments. In addition to the two seeded frequencies, weak sidebands are also observed in the output spectra. Their energy content is typically less than 1% of that of the seeded modes. We discuss mechanisms which might cause them. RP RAYMOND, TD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT LASERS OPT & REMOTE SENSING,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 5 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1734 EP 1737 DI 10.1109/3.466046 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA RW043 UT WOS:A1995RW04300003 ER PT J AU CARLSTEN, BE AF CARLSTEN, BE TI AXIAL FREE-ELECTRON LASER INTERACTION BETWEEN AN ANNULAR ELECTRON-BEAM AND AN AXISYMMETRICAL TM MODE SO IEEE JOURNAL OF QUANTUM ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; GUIDE AB Free-electron lasers (FEL's) operating with helical wiggler fields and axial guide fields are subject to orbit instability which causes additional particle loss as saturation is reached. A new type of FEL interaction possible between an annular electron beam and a TM(om) mode is described here. This interaction is between the axial electron motion and an RF mode that is radially ''wiggled'' a in periodically rippled waveguide. The net transverse force integrated over a wiggle period on each of the particles in this type of device can be made to vanish by choosing the proper waveguide radius. The resulting particle orbits are more stable than those in conventional FEL's with helical wiggler fields. RP CARLSTEN, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9197 J9 IEEE J QUANTUM ELECT JI IEEE J. Quantum Electron. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 31 IS 10 BP 1753 EP 1763 DI 10.1109/3.466049 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA RW043 UT WOS:A1995RW04300007 ER PT J AU DUNHAM, ME LIGHT, M HOLDEN, DN AF DUNHAM, ME LIGHT, M HOLDEN, DN TI BROAD-BAND PULSE PERFORMANCE OF SHORT HELICES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article AB Helical antennas are popular and well characterized for CW frequency domain performance, Renewed interest in time-domain applications of electromagnetics, such as impulse radar, makes accurate time domain data on broad-band antennas desirable, Although the principal endfire helix radiation mode has been extensively studied in the frequency domain, other modes important in pulse operation are poorly characterized, making a total fourier transform approach difficult. We have performed impulse tests on helices with two to five turns, establishing novel features of the response and confirming some aspects of frequency domain data, Quick comparisons to time and frequency-domain modeling codes indicate good correspondence of gross features, Successful octave band-pulse operation was achieved, and a few features of helix pulse response invite further investigation. RP DUNHAM, ME (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NONPROLIFERAT & INT SECUR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 43 IS 10 BP 1017 EP 1021 DI 10.1109/8.467636 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA RZ863 UT WOS:A1995RZ86300001 ER PT J AU RAO, NSV MALY, KJ OLARIU, S DHARANIKOTA, S ZHANG, LP GAME, DE AF RAO, NSV MALY, KJ OLARIU, S DHARANIKOTA, S ZHANG, LP GAME, DE TI AVERAGE WAITING TIME PROFILES OF UNIFORM DISTRIBUTED QUEUE DUAL BUS SYSTEM MODEL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE NETWORK PROTOCOLS; DQDB; WORKING WINDOW; DISTRIBUTED QUEUE; PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ID DQDB NETWORK; PROTOCOL AB The Distributed Queue Dual Bus (DQDB) system consists of a linear arrangement of N nodes that communicate with each other using two contra-flowing buses, The nodes use an extremely simple protocol to send messages on these buses. This simple, but elegant, system has been found to be very challenging to analyze. We consider a simple and uniform abstraction of this model to highlight the fairness issues in terms of average waiting time. We introduce a new approximation method to analyze the performance of DQDB system in terms of the average waiting time of a node expressed as a function of its position. Our approach abstracts the intimate relationship between the load of the system and its fairness characteristics, and explains all basic behavior profiles of DQDB observed in previous simulation. For the uniform DQDB with equal distance between adjacent nodes, we show that the system operates under three basic behavior profiles and a finite number of their combinations that depend on the load of the network, Consequently, the system is not fair at any load in terms of the average waiting times. We also show that the main theme of the analysis carries over to the general (nonuniform) DQDB, By suitably choosing the inter-node distances, the DQDB can be made fair around some loads, but such system will become unfair as the load changes, In the vicinity of a critical toad, the uniform network runs into a state of instability, where its behavior fluctuates from one extreme to the other with small load variations, Our analysis is supported by simulation results. C1 OLD DOMINION UNIV, DEPT COMP SCI, NORFOLK, VA 23529 USA. COMP TECHNOL ASSOCIATED INC, ROCKVILLE, MD 20852 USA. CHRISTOPHER NEWPORT UNIV, DEPT PHYS & COMP SCI, NEWPORT NEWS, VA 23606 USA. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, CTR ENGN SYST ADV RES, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OI Rao, Nageswara/0000-0002-3408-5941 NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1045-9219 EI 1558-2183 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 6 IS 10 BP 1068 EP 1084 DI 10.1109/71.473516 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA TD616 UT WOS:A1995TD61600007 ER PT J AU NHAN, PT GRAHAM, AL ALTOBELLI, SA ABBOTT, JR MONDY, LA AF NHAN, PT GRAHAM, AL ALTOBELLI, SA ABBOTT, JR MONDY, LA TI HYDRODYNAMIC PARTICLE MIGRATION IN A CONCENTRATED SUSPENSION UNDERGOING FLOW BETWEEN ROTATING ECCENTRIC CYLINDERS SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COUETTE-FLOW; DIFFUSION; SPHERES; MESH AB We report on experimental measurements and numerical predictions of shear-induced migration of particles in concentrated suspensions subjected to flow in the wide gap between a rotating inner cylinder placed eccentrically within a fixed outer cylinder (a cylindrical bearing). The suspensions consist of large noncolloidal spherical particles suspended in a viscous Newtonian liquid. Nuclear magnetic resonance imaging is used to measure the time evolution of concentration and velocity profiles as the flow induces particle migration from the initial well-mixed state. The experimental results are compared against numerical predictions for the concentration and velocity profiles. The coupled equations of motion and particle migration are solved numerically for a generalized Newtonian fluid with concentration-dependent viscosity with an explicit pseudotransient finite volume code. While not all of the qualitative features of the flow field are reproduced by the model, there is acceptable overall agreement with the experimental data. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOVELACE INST,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87108. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV SYDNEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,SYDNEY,NSW 2006,AUSTRALIA. NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 3187 EP 3194 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RZ225 UT WOS:A1995RZ22500004 ER PT J AU NEWMAN, J AF NEWMAN, J TI THERMOELECTRIC EFFECTS IN ELECTROCHEMICAL SYSTEMS SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB Fundamental multicomponent transport equations, including thermal diffusion and the Dufour energy flux density, are applied to electrolytic solutions and the electrode interface to clarify the quantitative description of heat generation at an interface and its relationship to the temperature dependence of the open-circuit potential of thermogalvanic cells. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP NEWMAN, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 3 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 5 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 3208 EP 3216 DI 10.1021/ie00037a005 PG 9 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RZ225 UT WOS:A1995RZ22500007 ER PT J AU DAVID, C DENN, MM BELL, AT AF DAVID, C DENN, MM BELL, AT TI DYNAMICS OF FLOW-INDUCED SURFACE EXCHANGE SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ORGANIZED MOLECULAR ASSEMBLIES; OXIDIZED ALUMINUM SURFACE; NORMAL-ALKANOIC ACIDS; LIQUID-MIXTURES; ADSORPTION; INTERFACES AB The influence of functional groups on the dynamics of exchange between a flowing bulk melt and the channel wall was studied for oligomeric polyolefins (up to C-16) using attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Surface transport is dominated by adsorbed layers whose structure is determined by functional groups and chain length. There are two distinct time scales for surface transport, both of order minutes and surprisingly long for molecules of this size. The longer time scale, which is observed only with chain functionalities that are likely to interact directly with the surface, appears to be caused by removal of an adsorbed mono- or bilayer. The shorter time scale, which was reported previously by Dietsche et al. (1995) for the hexadecane/hexadecene system, appears to be caused by depletion of a more loosely-structured layer, but one in which the packing is still sufficiently different from that of the bulk to retard the dynamics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. OI Bell, Alexis/0000-0002-5738-4645 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 3336 EP 3341 DI 10.1021/ie00037a020 PG 6 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RZ225 UT WOS:A1995RZ22500022 ER PT J AU BASARAN, OA PATZEK, TW BENNER, RE SCRIVEN, LE AF BASARAN, OA PATZEK, TW BENNER, RE SCRIVEN, LE TI NONLINEAR OSCILLATIONS AND BREAKUP OF CONDUCTING, INVISCID DROPS IN AN EXTERNALLY APPLIED ELECTRIC-FIELD SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ELECTROSTATICALLY LEVITATED DROPS; STABILITY; DROPLETS; ENVIRONMENT; PENDANT; GRAVITY; SHAPES AB The equilibrium shapes of a conducting drop in a uniform electric field E(infinity) are virtually prolate spheroids and are stable with respect to all infinitesimal-amplitude disturbances. Inviscid oscillations about these states are analyzed by solving numerically Bernoulli's equation for drop shape and Laplace's equation for the velocity potential inside and the electrostatic potential outside the drop. The drops are impulsively set into motion by either a step change in electric field strength from E(infinity)((1)) for time t < 0 to E(infinity)((2)) for t greater than or equal to 0 or subjecting them at t = 0 to an impulse of magnitude phi(2) in velocity potential proportional to the second spherical harmonic. For initially spherical drops that are set into oscillation by impulsively changing the field strength, the oscillation frequency computed for small field strengths accords with domain perturbation results. When the field strength E(infinity)((2)) is sufficiently large, the drops do not oscillate but become unstable by issuing jets from their tips, which are computed here for the first time. Whereas drops set into motion by a step change in field strength do evolve in time through a succession of virtually spheroidal shapes as surmised by previous spheroidal approximations, ones set into motion by an initial velocity potential disturbance exhibit radically different dynamics. Moreover, such drops go unstable by issuing jets from their conical tips when phi(2) is large but fission when phi(2) is small. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT CHEM ENGN & MAT SCI,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. NR 37 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 3454 EP 3465 DI 10.1021/ie00037a034 PG 12 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RZ225 UT WOS:A1995RZ22500036 ER PT J AU STRIEBEL, KA MCLARNON, FR CAIRNS, EJ AF STRIEBEL, KA MCLARNON, FR CAIRNS, EJ TI STEADY-STATE MODEL FOR AN OXYGEN FUEL-CELL ELECTRODE WITH AN AQUEOUS CARBONATE ELECTROLYTE SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID K2CO3; KOH AB A mathematical model has been developed to describe the steady-state constant-current operation of an oxygen cathode in aqueous carbonate electrolyte, as might be used as a component of a direct-methanol fuel cell. The diffusion and reaction of oxygen in PTFE-bonded Pt-catalyzed porous gas diffusion electrode agglomerates as well as Ohmic and migration effects over the catalyst layer were taken into account. The model accurately predicts the shape and the oxygen pressure dependence of cathode polarization data for 2 and 4 M K2CO3 electrolyte, using no adjustable parameters. Transport of OH- ions out of the catalyst layer is shown to be a limiting factor in the operation of these modern fuel cell cathodes, which have been generally optimized for maximum oxygen transport in the electrolyte. The model. indicates that higher catalyst layer porosities and thinner electrodes would yield better cathode performance in this electrolyte. RP STRIEBEL, KA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Cairns, Elton/E-8873-2012 OI Cairns, Elton/0000-0002-1179-7591 NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 3632 EP 3639 DI 10.1021/ie00037a052 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA RZ225 UT WOS:A1995RZ22500054 ER PT J AU MARINOV, NM MALTE, PC AF MARINOV, NM MALTE, PC TI ETHYLENE OXIDATION IN A WELL-STIRRED REACTOR SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Review ID RATE-CONSTANT MEASUREMENTS; HIGH-TEMPERATURE PYROLYSIS; BOND-DISSOCIATION ENERGIES; METHYL RADICAL REACTIONS; ABSOLUTE RATE-CONSTANT; SHOCK-TUBE TECHNIQUE; MOLECULAR-OXYGEN; GAS-PHASE; VINYL RADICALS; ATOMIC OXYGEN AB The detailed ethylene oxidation data set of Thornton [1], obtained for a well-stirred reactor operated fuel-lean at atmospheric pressure and for temperatures of 1003 K to 1253 K, is used as a basis for the comparison of chemical kinetic mechanisms reported in the literature and for the development of a new ethylene oxidation mechanism. The mechanisms examined are those of Westbrook and Pitz [2] and Dagaut et al. [3]. These mechanisms indicated that unusually large rates for the vinyl decomposition reaction are required to obtain agreement with the Thornton data set. A new ethylene oxidation mechanism is developed in order to overcome some of the drawbacks of the previous mechanisms. The new mechanism closely simulates the overall rate of loss of ethylene, and the concentration of CO, CO2, H-2, CH2O, C2H2, CH3OH, CH4, and C2H6 measured for the stirred reactor. Predictions by this mechanism are dependent on a new high temperature vinyl oxidation route, C2H3 + O-2 = CH2CHO + O with a k(C2H3+O2=CH2CHO+C)/k(C2H3+O2=CH2O+HCO) branching ratio of 1.4 at 1053 K to 2.05 at 1253 K. The branching ratio values were dependent upon the extent of fall-off for the C2H3 + O-2 = CH2O + HCO reaction. (C) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MECH ENGN,COMBUST LABS,SEATTLE,WA 98195. RP MARINOV, NM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 143 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 9 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 27 IS 10 BP 957 EP 986 DI 10.1002/kin.550271003 PG 30 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RW020 UT WOS:A1995RW02000002 ER PT J AU FORRESTAL, MJ TZOU, DY ASKARI, E LONGCOPE, DB AF FORRESTAL, MJ TZOU, DY ASKARI, E LONGCOPE, DB TI PENETRATION INTO DUCTILE METAL TARGETS WITH RIGID SPHERICAL-NOSE RODS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF IMPACT ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID LONG AB We developed penetration equations for rigid spherical-nose rods that penetrate ductile metal targets. The spherical cavity-expansion approximation and incompressible and compressible elastic-perfectly plastic constitutive idealizations simplified the target analyses, so we obtained closed-form penetration equations. We compared predictions from our models with previously published penetration data and results from Lagrangian and Eulerian wavecodes. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT MECH ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP FORRESTAL, MJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 59 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0734-743X J9 INT J IMPACT ENG JI Int. J. Impact Eng. PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 16 IS 5-6 BP 699 EP 710 DI 10.1016/0734-743X(95)00005-U PG 12 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA RV735 UT WOS:A1995RV73500001 ER PT J AU Ahmed, FE AF Ahmed, FE TI Molecular biology as a mechanistic tool in occupational, diagnostic, and forensic medicine SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE DNA repair; DNA typing; genetic engineering; site-directed mutagenesis ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; URACIL DNA GLYCOSYLASE; CELL-LINES; MUTAGENESIS; PROTEIN; METHYLTRANSFERASE; O-6-METHYLGUANINE; O-6-ALKYLGUANINE; CARCINOGENESIS; LYMPHOCYTES AB The techniques of molecular biology have revolutionized the fields of biology, medicine, and toxicology. We are now able to define structural-functional relationships in living systems; understand mechanisms of disease development, and diagnose a variety of diseases, resulting in early detection, and thereby increasing the chances for good prognosis. These techniques call be used in occupational settings to identify individuals with low DNA-repair capacity; and in forensic science, to help identify suspects in criminal and civil cases. They facilitate predicting the structure of enzymes and production of new material that have new functions for industrial or medical application. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 55 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PRINCETON SCIENTIFIC PUBL INC PI PRINCETON PA PO BOX 2155, PRINCETON, NJ 08543 SN 1054-044X J9 INT J OCCUP MED TOX JI Int. J. Occup. Med. Toxicol. PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 4 IS 4 BP 433 EP 452 PG 20 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA TW127 UT WOS:A1995TW12700003 ER PT J AU HEUZE, FE SWIFT, RP HILL, LR BARRETT, WH AF HEUZE, FE SWIFT, RP HILL, LR BARRETT, WH TI BEHAVIOR OF A STEEL LINER-AND-BOLTS SYSTEM UNDER VERY HIGH THERMAL AND MECHANICAL LOADING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROCK MECHANICS AND MINING SCIENCES & GEOMECHANICS ABSTRACTS LA English DT Article ID IGNEOUS ROCKS AB This paper describes the execution of the CONVEX Liner Add-On to the DIAMOND FORTUNE low-yield cavity test of the Defense Nuclear Agency (DNA) CONVEX stands for COntained Nuclear Vessel EXperiment. It is a joint concept to three Department of Energy Laboratories (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratories) and the DNA, It concerns the design of underground chambers where repeated low-yield nuclear explosions could be conducted. The approach proposed by the first author in the early 1980s was to engineer a steel-lined rock cavern where the steel liner would be pre-stressed against the rock by tendons and/or bolts, These would daylight in tunnels surrounding the main cavity. From there, they could be initially tensioned, and retensioned if needed, after each test, The CONVEX Liner Add-On to DIAMOND FORTUNE consisted of anchoring a 1.4 m square, 2.5 cm thick steel plate to the wall of the cavity, using a 5.08 cm dia center bolt and four 2.54 cm dia corner bolts, The bolts daylighted in a ''run-around'' drift surrounding the cavity, and separated from it by a 9 m thick rock pillar. The liner plate, the bolts and the rock pillar were equipped with 23 gages to describe the thermal and mechanical response of the system during pretensioning, during the dynamic loading phase, and post-test. Particular emphasis was given to obtaining the response both upon loading and during the rebound of the system, in order to determine whether the plate ever separated from the rock. So, the main operational objectives of this project were to acquire response data of the system under nuclear loading and to ascertain the status of contact between the steel plate and the rock, as shown by plate-rock contact pressure data and bolt tension data. The instrumentation and data acquisition system performed extremely well, Data were recorded during the dynamic phase; plate temperature teas monitored for several hours after the test; and the remaining tension was obtained for several bolts move than 3 months after the test, upon re-entry in the run-around drift, The test data indicated that the operational objectives had been met and that the concept of a steel-lined rock cavity could provide for reusable test beds for repeated low yield nuclear events, The results of this experiment can be used to guide the design of liner systems subjected to very high mechanical and thermal loads. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HEUZE, FE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0148-9062 J9 INT J ROCK MECH MIN JI Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 32 IS 7 BP 643 EP 672 DI 10.1016/0148-9062(95)00023-A PG 30 WC Engineering, Geological; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Engineering; Mining & Mineral Processing GA TC027 UT WOS:A1995TC02700002 ER PT J AU KATSEVICH, AI RAMM, AG AF KATSEVICH, AI RAMM, AG TI NEW METHODS FOR FINDING VALUES OF THE JUMPS OF A FUNCTION FROM ITS LOCAL TOMOGRAPHIC DATAX SO INVERSE PROBLEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting on Mathematical Methods in Tomography CY SEP 25-OCT 01, 1994 CL MATH RES INST, OBERWOLFACH, GERMANY HO MATH RES INST AB Let (f) over cap(theta, p) denote the Radon transform of f(x), x is an element of R(2), where f is a piecewise-smooth function with discontinuity curve S. Fix any x(0) is an element of S. The problem is to find the size of the jump of f across S at a point x(0) from local tomographic data, that is, from the knowledge of (f) over cap(theta, p) for theta, p in the region \theta . x(0) - p\ less than or equal to d, where d > 0 is a given small number. Two groups of methods for solving this problem are proposed. One group is based on local tomography (LT) and on the investigation of the behaviour of the LT function in a neighbourhood of S. The second group is based on a new family of pseudolocal tomography (PLT) functions and the relation between LT and PLT functions, which is established in the paper. Results of testing the algorithms are presented. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP KATSEVICH, AI (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS B-265,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0266-5611 J9 INVERSE PROBL JI Inverse Probl. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 11 IS 5 BP 1005 EP 1023 DI 10.1088/0266-5611/11/5/005 PG 19 WC Mathematics, Applied; Physics, Mathematical SC Mathematics; Physics GA RZ586 UT WOS:A1995RZ58600006 ER PT J AU CONRY, MJ AF CONRY, MJ TI COMPARISON OF EARLY, NORMAL AND LATE SOWING AT 3 RATES OF NITROGEN ON THE YIELD, GRAIN NITROGEN AND SCREENINGS CONTENT OF BLENHEIM SPRING MALTING BARLEY IN IRELAND SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FERTILIZER AB Nine experiments were carried out on three different soil types in the south-east of Ireland over three years (1989, 1992 and 1993) to test the effect of early, normal and late sowing at three rates of fertilizer nitrogen (100, 125, 150 kg/ha) on the yield and grain quality ex-farm of spring malting barley (cv. Blenheim). Early sowing (January or February) was not possible in 1990 and 1991 due to wet weather. Sowing date had a pronounced effect on grain yield and grain N content in all three years. In 1989 and 1992, the earliest-sown barley (January or February) gave significantly greater yields than later-sown crops (March and April) in five of the six experiments. The earliest-sown barley gave the lowest grain N in all six experiments and there was a gradual and significant increase in grain N content as sowing date was delayed. In 1993 the earliest-sown barley (February) gave significantly lower yield and greater grain N than the March-sown crop in all three experiments. The lower yield of the February-sown barley in 1993 was due to the significantly reduced number of grains/ear. The April-sown barley gave significantly lower yield and greater grain N than the earlier-sown crops in eight out of the nine experiments. In 1989 and 1992 only one of the six experiments, Ferns 1992, gave a significant yield response to increased rate of N (125 kg/ha). But in 1993, 125 kg N/ha significantly increased grain yield in all three experiments and 150 kg N/ha gave a further significant increase in yield in two of the experiments. Increasing increments of fertilizer N significantly increased grain N in all nine experiments. RP CONRY, MJ (reprint author), OAK PK RES CTR,CARLOW,IRELAND. NR 16 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0021-8596 J9 J AGR SCI JI J. Agric. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 125 BP 183 EP 188 PN 2 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA RZ711 UT WOS:A1995RZ71100002 ER PT J AU STEVENS, RJ OBRIC, CJ CARTON, OT AF STEVENS, RJ OBRIC, CJ CARTON, OT TI ESTIMATING NUTRIENT CONTENT OF ANIMAL SLURRIES USING ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID NITROGEN; MANURE AB Electrical conductivity was evaluated for estimating the nutrient content of cattle and pig slurries. Slurry samples were collected in 1991 from the storage tanks of 48 cattle and 10 pig units on commercial farms in Ireland. Samples were analysed for NH4+ and total concentrations of Na, K, Ca, Mg and P. Electrical conductivity (EC) was measured on raw slurries (EC(raw)) and on slurries diluted by 10 with water (EC(dilute)). Relationships between EC and nutrient content were examined by correlation and linear regression analyses. In both slurry types, NH4+ was the dominant cation with K+ second in importance on a molar basis. Within each slurry type, the concentration of each of these cations was significantly correlated with EC. Using EC(dilute) gave more accurate predictions of concentrations than EC(raw), but even EC(raw) was a better predictor than dry matter (DM) content. The linear relationships between NH4+ or K+ and EC(dilute) explained > 82 % of the variance within each slurry type. The P content in slurries was related better to DM than to EC. Since EC measurement could be by cheap, robust meters, its potential for on-farm use deserves further investigation. C1 QUEENS UNIV BELFAST,DEPT AGR & ENVIRONM SCI,BELFAST BT9 5PX,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND. TEAGASC,AGR & FOOD DEV AUTHOR,JOHNSTOWN CASTLE RES & DEV CTR,WEXFORD,IRELAND. RP STEVENS, RJ (reprint author), DEPT AGR NO IRELAND,DIV AGR & ENVIRONM SCI,NEWFORGE LANE,BELFAST BT9 5PX,ANTRIM,NORTH IRELAND. NR 15 TC 45 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0021-8596 J9 J AGR SCI JI J. Agric. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 125 BP 233 EP 238 PN 2 PG 6 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA RZ711 UT WOS:A1995RZ71100008 ER PT J AU CHEN, XS HOUK, RS AF CHEN, XS HOUK, RS TI POLYATOMIC IONS AS INTERNAL STANDARDS FOR MATRIX CORRECTIONS IN INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE INDUCTIVELY COUPLED PLASMA MASS SPECTROMETRY; POLYATOMIC IONS; INTERNAL STANDARD; MATRIX CORRECTION ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; ICP-MS; GEOLOGICAL-MATERIALS; BIOLOGICAL SAMPLES; TRACE-ELEMENTS; ARGON PLASMA; INTERFERENCES; PROGRESS; OXIDE AB Several strong polyatomic ion signals common in inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry can be used as internal standards to correct for matrix interferences. Signals for most of the polyatomic ions, including metal oxides, are suppressed by a Cs matrix to the same extent as analyte ion signals at nearby m/z values. Examples include N-14(2)+ and Mg-24(+), (ClO+)-Cl-35-O-16 and Mn-55(+), (ArO+)-Ar-40-O-16 and Co-59(+), (SO+)-S-32-O-16 and Sc-45(+), Ar-40(2)+ and As-75(+), and (YO+)-Y-89-O-16 and Rh-103(+). The count rates for these polyatomic ions are often measured anyway to determine interference corrections for spectral overlap, so these signals should reduce the number of added elements necessary to correct for matrix interferences. C1 US DOE, AMES LAB, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. NR 47 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0267-9477 EI 1364-5544 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 10 IS 10 BP 837 EP 841 DI 10.1039/ja9951000837 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA TB755 UT WOS:A1995TB75500022 ER PT J AU WARNER, JK CHEETHAM, AK COX, DE AF WARNER, JK CHEETHAM, AK COX, DE TI DETERMINATION OF THE CATION DISTRIBUTION IN NIFE2(PO4)(2) USING RESONANT X-RAY AND NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID ANOMALOUS SCATTERING; VALENCE-CONTRAST; SARCOPSIDE; PHOSPHATE; FE3(PO4)2 AB The distribution of divalent iron and nickel over two metal sites of differing coordination geometry in NiFe2(PO4)(2), sarcopside, has been investigated by resonant X-ray and time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction. To assess the reproducibility of the X-ray technique, data have been collected from instruments X7A at Brookhaven National Laboratory and 8.3 at the Synchrotron Radiation Source, Daresbury Laboratory, England, using wavelengths lambda(X1) 1.7437 (3) Angstrom and lambda(X2) = 1.7434 (1) Angstrom, respectively, close to the Fe2+ K edge determined by X-ray absorption near-edge structure. The real part of the anomalous-scattering correction for iron at each energy, f'(Fe)(X1) = - 7.81 (9) and f'(Fe)(X2) = -10.16 (6), was determined experimentally by diffraction from Fe-3(PO4)2 under identical conditions. Occupancies obtained for iron at the M(1) site were found to be M(1)(X1) = 0.366 (6) and M(1)(X2) = 0.376 (3), compared with M(1)(N) = 0.26 (15) from time-of-flight neutron powder diffraction. C1 UNIV OXFORD,CHEM CRYSTALLOG LAB,OXFORD OX1 3PD,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT MAT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 28 BP 494 EP 502 DI 10.1107/S0021889894012628 PN 5 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA TD662 UT WOS:A1995TD66200003 ER PT J AU KNOTT, RB CAPEL, M HANSEN, S HANDSCHUMACHER, RE AF KNOTT, RB CAPEL, M HANSEN, S HANDSCHUMACHER, RE TI A SMALL-ANGLE X-RAY-SCATTERING STUDY OF THE BINDING OF CYCLOSPORINE-A TO CYCLOPHILIN SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID PRELIMINARY STRUCTURAL CHARACTERIZATION; CIS-TRANS ISOMERASE; PEPTIDE CONFORMATIONS; BOVINE CYCLOPHILIN; CRYSTAL COMPLEX; PROTEIN; NMR; RESOLUTION; H-1-NMR AB The small-angle X-ray scattering (SA;YS) technique was used to investigate structural characteristics of the protein cyclophilin in solution and to attempt to detect major changes induced by the binding of the immunosuppressant drug cyclosporin A. Maximum-entropy methods were used to analyse the experimental SAXS data. The measured radius of gyration, R(g), for cyclophilin is 16.3 (5) Angstrom. This is equivalent to a compact sphere of radius 21.0 Angstrom. There is qualitative agreement between the experimental SAXS profiles and the derived distance-distribution function, p(r), for cyclophilin, and similar profiles calculated from the crystallographic structure. The notable discrepancy is the difference of approximately 1.5 Angstrom in the estimated radius of the equivalent sphere. On binding cyclosporin A, the main structure-related change in cyclophilin observed under these experimental conditions is an increased propensity to form oligomers. Meaningful estimates of R(g) for the monomeric complex are not possible because of the presence of a significant population of aggregates. In a second series of experiments, both native cyclophilin and the cyclophilin/cyclosporin A complex readily formed aggregates under the prevailing experimental conditions. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. ROYAL VET & AGR UNIV,DEPT MATH & PHYS,DK-1871 FREDERIKSBERG C,DENMARK. YALE UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PHARMACOL,NEW HAVEN,CT 06510. RP KNOTT, RB (reprint author), AUSTRALIAN NUCL SCI & TECHNOL ORG,ANP PROGRAM,MENAI,NSW 2234,AUSTRALIA. RI Hansen, Steen/P-6241-2015 OI Hansen, Steen/0000-0002-4725-8709 NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 28 BP 546 EP 552 DI 10.1107/S0021889895003268 PN 5 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA TD662 UT WOS:A1995TD66200012 ER PT J AU LIN, XW MALTEZ, R BEHAR, M LILIENTALWEBER, Z WASHBURN, J AF LIN, XW MALTEZ, R BEHAR, M LILIENTALWEBER, Z WASHBURN, J TI SEQUENTIAL PHASE-FORMATION BY ION-INDUCED EPITAXY IN FE-IMPLANTED SI(001) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BEAM SYNTHESIS; AMORPHOUS SI; CUBIC FESI2; SEGREGATION; ALPHA-FESI2 AB Ion-beam-induced epitaxial crystallization (IBIEC) of Fe-implanted Si(001) was studied by transmission electron microscopy and Rutherford backscattering spectrometry. For sufficiently high Fe doses, it was found that IBIEC at 320 degrees C results in sequential epitaxy of Fe silicide phases in Si, with a sequence of gamma-FeSi2, alpha-FeSi2, and beta-FeSi2 with increasing Fe concentration along the implantation profile. The critical concentrations for the gamma-alpha and alpha-beta phase transitions were determined as approximate to 11 and 21 at. % Fe, respectively. The observed sequential phase formation can be correlated to the degree of lattice mismatch with the Si matrix and the stoichiometry of the silicide phases. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UFRGS,INST FIS,BR-91501 PORTO ALEGRE,RS,BRAZIL. RP LIN, XW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Liliental-Weber, Zuzanna/H-8006-2012; Maltez, Rogerio/K-1173-2016 OI Maltez, Rogerio/0000-0002-8653-6118 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 7 BP 4382 EP 4385 DI 10.1063/1.359842 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RW892 UT WOS:A1995RW89200010 ER PT J AU ZHU, JG WHITE, CW BUDAI, JD WITHROW, SP CHEN, Y AF ZHU, JG WHITE, CW BUDAI, JD WITHROW, SP CHEN, Y TI GROWTH OF GE, SI, AND SIGE NANOCRYSTALS IN SIO2 MATRICES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID VISIBLE PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MICROCRYSTALS AB Nanocrystals of group-IV semiconductor materials (Si, Ge, and SiGe) have been fabricated in SiO2 by ion implantation and subsequent thermal annealing. The microstructure of these nanocrystals has been studied by transmission electron microscopy. Critical influences of the annealing temperatures and implantation doses on the nanocrystal size distributions are demonstrated with the Ge-implanted systems. Significant roughening of the nanocrystals occurs when the annealing temperature is raised above the melting temperature of the implanted semiconductor material. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP ZHU, JG (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Budai, John/R-9276-2016 OI Budai, John/0000-0002-7444-1306 NR 18 TC 164 Z9 168 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 7 BP 4386 EP 4389 DI 10.1063/1.359843 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RW892 UT WOS:A1995RW89200011 ER PT J AU FUKUMOTO, Y WIESMANN, HJ GARBER, M SUENAGA, M HALDAR, P AF FUKUMOTO, Y WIESMANN, HJ GARBER, M SUENAGA, M HALDAR, P TI ALTERNATING-CURRENT LOSSES IN MONOCORED AND MULTICORED SILVER-SHEATHED (BI,PB)(2)SR2CA2CU3O10 TAPES AT T=27 K IN DIRECT-CURRENT MAGNETIC-FIELDS SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AC LOSSES; SUPERCONDUCTORS AB Alternating current (ac) losses in silver sheathed mono- and multicored (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10 superconducting tapes were investigated at liquid neon temperature (27 K) under various direct current (dc) background magnetic fields. The loss behavior was well accounted for by the Bean critical state model with the inclusion of eddy current loss in the silver sheath. The interfilamentary coupling loss was found to be negligibly small for the present orientation of the tape. In addition, a severe distortion of the loss signal and the B-H hysteresis curve was observed at 27 K when a high de magnetic field was applied simultaneously with ac fields. The losses of the tapes were also measured at 77 K and compared with the 27 K values. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 INTERMAGNET GEN CORP,LATHAM,NY 12110. RP FUKUMOTO, Y (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 23 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 7 BP 4584 EP 4590 DI 10.1063/1.359803 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RW892 UT WOS:A1995RW89200042 ER PT J AU GUO, J LEWIS, JA GORETTA, KC SCHWARTZ, J AF GUO, J LEWIS, JA GORETTA, KC SCHWARTZ, J TI PROPERTIES AND CHEMICAL-STABILITY OF HOT-ROLLED AG(7 AT PERCENT CU)-SHEATHED BI2SR2CA0.64CU1.64OX POWDER-IN-TUBE TAPES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CA-CU-O; CRITICAL CURRENT-DENSITY; SUPERCONDUCTORS; FABRICATION; BSCCO AB Bi2Sr2Ca0.64Cu1.64Ox (nominally Bi2212) powders were fabricated into powder-in-tube Ag- and Ag(7 at.% Cu)-sheathed tapes by cold and hot rolling to investigate the effects of sheath composition and rolling conditions on their microstructural development and superconducting properties. Bi2212 tapes with Ag(Cu) sheaths exhibited improved grain alignment and interfacial uniformity, as well as enhanced formation of the Bi-free phase (approximate to Sr7.5Ca6.5Cu14Ox), relative to the Ag-sheathed specimens. The hat-rolled Ag(Cu)-sheathed tapes displayed superior critical current densities (J(c)), where magnetization J(cm) = 1.5 x 10(6) (H\\c) and 3.6 x 10(5) A/cm(2) (H perpendicular to c) at T = 5 K, H = 1 T. Correspondingly, these specimens had transport critical current densities (J(ct)) of 6.7 x 10(4) A/cm(2) (H\\c) and 5.4 x 10(4) A/cm(2) (H perpendicular to c) at T = 4.2 K, H = 0 T and 2.2 x 10(4) A/cm(2) (H\\c) and 3.0 x 10(4) A/cm(2) (H perpendicular to c) at T = 4.2 K, H = 14 T. The chemical stability of the Ag(Cu) sheath regions during the partial melting process was also studied. Rapid oxidation of copper produced Cu2O precipitates in the sheath at 885 degrees C, and subsequently a Cu2O-free zone developed near the core/sheath interface. A theoretical analysis of Cu2O precipitate formation and decomposition during thermal processing is presented. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,NSF SCI & TECHNOL CTR,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,NATL HIGH MAGNET FIELD LAB,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32316. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,COLL ENGN,FSU,FAMU,DEPT MECH ENGN,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32316. RP GUO, J (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,1304 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Schwartz, Justin/D-4124-2009 OI Schwartz, Justin/0000-0002-7590-240X NR 29 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 7 BP 4596 EP 4607 DI 10.1063/1.359805 PG 12 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RW892 UT WOS:A1995RW89200044 ER PT J AU FONTENOT, JD MARIAPPAN, SVS CATASTI, P DOMENECH, N FINN, OJ GUPTA, G AF FONTENOT, JD MARIAPPAN, SVS CATASTI, P DOMENECH, N FINN, OJ GUPTA, G TI STRUCTURE OF A TUMOR-ASSOCIATED ANTIGEN CONTAINING A TANDEMLY REPEATED IMMUNODOMINANT EPITOPE SO JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMORPHIC EPITHELIAL MUCIN; IMMORTALIZED B-CELLS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MOLECULAR-CLONING; PROTEIN CORE; T-CELLS; ADENOCARCINOMA RECOGNIZE; COMPLEMENTARY-DNA; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; BREAST-CANCER AB Human mucins are T or S glycosylated tandem repeat proteins. In breast cancer, mucins become under or unglycosylated Two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance experiments are performed on chemically synthesized mucin tandem repeat polypeptides, (PDTRPAPGSTAPPAHGVTSA)n in the unglycosylated form for n = 1,3 where (APDTR) constitutes the antigenic sites for the antibodies isolated from the tumors in the breast cancer patients. These studies demonstrate how the tandem repeats assemble in space giving rise to the overall tertiary structure, and the local structure and presentation of the antigenic site (APDTR) at the junction of two neighboring repeats. The NMR data reveal repeating knob-like structures connected by extended spacers. The knobs protrude away from the long-axis of Muc-1 and the predominant antigenic site (APDTR) forms the accessible tip of the knob. Multiple tandem repeats enhance the rigidity and presentation of the knob-like structures. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV PITTSBURGH,SCH MED,DEPT MOLEC GENET & BIOCHEM,PITTSBURGH,PA 15216. NR 48 TC 65 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 2 PU ADENINE PRESS INC PI GUILDERLAND PA PO BOX 355/340, GUILDERLAND, NY 12084 SN 0739-1102 J9 J BIOMOL STRUCT DYN JI J. Biomol. Struct. Dyn. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 13 IS 2 BP 245 EP 260 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA TB324 UT WOS:A1995TB32400005 PM 8579785 ER PT J AU LANE, NE THOMPSON, JM STREWLER, GJ KINNEY, JH AF LANE, NE THOMPSON, JM STREWLER, GJ KINNEY, JH TI INTERMITTENT TREATMENT WITH HUMAN PARATHYROID-HORMONE (HPTH[1-34]) INCREASED TRABECULAR BONE VOLUME BUT NOT CONNECTIVITY IN OSTEOPENIC RATS SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID POSTMENOPAUSAL OSTEOPOROSIS; OVARIECTOMIZED RATS; MASS; RESTORATION; ESTROGEN; TRIAL AB Previous studies have determined that intermittent parathyroid hormone (PTH) therapy increases bone mass and improves biomechanical strength in osteopenic animal models. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if intermittent human parathyroid hormone (hPTH[1-34]) therapy increased trabecular bone volume and connectivity in a rat model of established osteopenia using three-dimensional (3D) ex vivo in situ morphometry by X-ray tomographic methods (XTM), Six-month-old retired Sprague-Dawley breeder rats were used, Thirty animals were ovariectomized (OVX) and six were Sham operated, On day 56, post-OVX, a prePTH-treatment OVX group was sacrificed, The remaining OVX animals were randomized into four groups of six animals each, given injections 5 out of every 7 days for 28 days of either vehicle or hPTH(1-34) at 4, 40, or 400 mu g/kg of body weight (BW)/day and were sacrificed on day 84 post-OVX. At sacrifice, the left proximal tibias were harvested for XTM scans, hPTH(1-34) at medium and high doses significantly increased trabecular bone volume and trabecular thickness compared with ovariectomized animals treated with vehicle (p < 0.05), The trabecular bone volume was equal to or greater than the Sham-operated animals in both hPTH(1-34) 40 and 400 mu g/kg of BW treatment groups. Trabecular bone connectivity decreased by nearly 50% compared to the Sham-operated group at day 84 post-OVX and did not increase with any of the hPTH(1-34) treatments, Intermittent hPTH(1-34) treatment in osteopenic OVX rats increased trabecular bone volume to control levels or higher by thickening existing trabeculae. Human PTH(1-34) did not re-establish connectivity when therapy was started after 50% of the trabecular connectivity was lost, We hypothesize that to re-establish trabecular connectivity, a therapeutic intervention would have to be given before a significant distance between trabeculae has developed. Further studies will need to be done to refute or confirm our hypothesis. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP LANE, NE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT MED,DIV RHEUMATOL,SFGH 1001 POTRERO,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94110, USA. NR 32 TC 72 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 10 IS 10 BP 1470 EP 1477 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RX780 UT WOS:A1995RX78000006 PM 8686502 ER PT J AU SHROFF, MD KALAKKAD, DS COULTER, KE KOHLER, SD HARRINGTON, MS JACKSON, NB SAULT, AG DATYE, AK AF SHROFF, MD KALAKKAD, DS COULTER, KE KOHLER, SD HARRINGTON, MS JACKSON, NB SAULT, AG DATYE, AK TI ACTIVATION OF PRECIPITATED IRON FISCHER-TROPSCH SYNTHESIS CATALYSTS SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; HYDROGEN; BEHAVIOR AB The effect of activation and reaction treatments on the resulting phase transformations in a commercial, precipitated, and spray-dried Fe2O3-CuO-K2O Fischer-Tropsch catalyst has been studied. The catalyst was activated in flowing H-2, CO, and a H-2/CO = 0.7/1.0 mixture. The pretreatment method caused these catalysts to exhibit significant differences in their catalytic activity for CO hydrogenation. The microstructure of these catalysts was studied by electron microscopy and other bulk and surface characterization techniques to understand the phenomena responsible for these differences. We observe that magnetite transforms into carbide as the catalyst is activated, causing the crystals of magnetite to break down into smaller crystallites of the carbide phase. Deposition of carbon on the carbide surface causes the carbide crystallites to further separate from each other. Our results suggest that magnetite has negligible catalytic activity for FT synthesis whereas carbide formation is necessary before the catalyst becomes active. The extent of transformation into carbide correlates well with catalyst activity during the activation step. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM & NUCL ENGN,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV NEW MEXICO,NSF,CTR MICROENGINEERED CERAM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT PROC RES,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. OI Datye, Abhaya/0000-0002-7126-8659 NR 28 TC 213 Z9 232 U1 7 U2 74 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 156 IS 2 BP 185 EP 207 DI 10.1006/jcat.1995.1247 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA RZ093 UT WOS:A1995RZ09300001 ER PT J AU Bott, SG Marchand, AP Kumar, KA Vidyanand, D Xing, DX Watson, WH Kashyap, RP Sachleben, RA AF Bott, SG Marchand, AP Kumar, KA Vidyanand, D Xing, DX Watson, WH Kashyap, RP Sachleben, RA TI Nucleophilic additions of primary and secondary amines to pentacyclo[5.4,0.0(2,6).0(3,10).0(5,9)]undecane-8,11-dione SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE amines; crystal structure; pentacycloundecane-8,11-dione ID X-RAY; CAGE AB The crystal structures of three compounds formed via nucleophilic attack of a heterocyclic secondary amine on PCU-8,11-dione, with the concomitant intramolecular attack of one keto oxygen on the carbon of the other ketone, are presented. In all three compounds, the bridging oxygen contains substantial p-character, and the bonds to the ''attacking'' nitrogen are significantly shorter than would be expected. C1 TEXAS CHRISTIAN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FT WORTH,TX 76129. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Bott, SG (reprint author), UNIV N TEXAS,DEPT CHEM,DENTON,TX 76203, USA. RI G, Neela/H-3016-2014; Bott, Simon/C-2226-2017 OI Bott, Simon/0000-0001-7204-4561 NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 1074-1542 J9 J CHEM CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Chem. Crystallogr. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 25 IS 10 BP 633 EP 640 DI 10.1007/BF01665969 PG 8 WC Crystallography; Spectroscopy SC Crystallography; Spectroscopy GA TL437 UT WOS:A1995TL43700004 ER PT J AU HAYEK, T MASUCCIMAGOULAS, L JIANG, X WALSH, A RUBIN, E BRESLOW, JL TALL, AR AF HAYEK, T MASUCCIMAGOULAS, L JIANG, X WALSH, A RUBIN, E BRESLOW, JL TALL, AR TI DECREASED EARLY ATHEROSCLEROTIC LESIONS IN HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIC MICE EXPRESSING CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN TRANSGENE SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE HIGH DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; CHOLESTERYL ESTER TRANSFER PROTEIN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; TRANSGENIC MOUSE; HYPERTRIGLYCERIDEMIA ID HIGH-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; LIPID TRANSFER PROTEINS; HEART-DISEASE; APO-CIII; PLASMA; GENE; SUBCLASSES AB The human cholesteryl ester transfer protein(CETP) facilitates the transfer of cholesteryl ester from HDL to triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The activity of CETP results in a reduction in HDL cholesterol levels, but CETP may also promote reverse cholesterol transport. Thus, the net impact of CETP expression on atherogenesis is uncertain. The influence of hypertriglyceridemia and CETP on the development of atherosclerotic lesions in the proximal aorta was assessed by feeding transgenic mice a high cholesterol diet for 16 wk, 13 out of 14 (93%) hypertriglyceridemic human apo CIII (HuCIII) transgenic (Tg) mice developed atherosclerotic lesions, compared to 18 out of 29 (62%) controls. In HuCIII/CETPTg, human apo AI/CIITTg and HuAI/CIII/CETPTg mice, 7 of 13 (54%), 5 of 10 (50%), and 5 of 13 (38%), respectively, developed lesions in the proximal aorta (P < .05 compared to HuCIIITg). The average number of aortic lesions per mouse in HuCIIITg and controls was 3.4+/-0.8 and 2.7+/-0,6, respectively; in HuCIII/CETPTg, HuAI/CIIITg, and HuAI/CIII/CETPTg mice, the number of lesions was significantly lower than in HuCIIITg and control mice: 0.9+/-0.4, 1.5+/-0.5, and 0.9+/-0.4, respectively. There were parallel reductions in mean lesion area. In a separate study, we found an increased susceptibility to dietary atherosclerosis in nonhypertriglyceridemic CETP transgenic mice compared to controls. We conclude that CETP expression inhibits the development of early atherosclerotic lesions but only in hypertriglyceridemic mice. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT MED,DIV MOLEC MED,NEW YORK,NY 10032. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,BIOCHEM GENET & METAB LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10021. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Breslow, Jan/B-7544-2008 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-33714, HL-22682, HL-45095] NR 31 TC 213 Z9 219 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 96 IS 4 BP 2071 EP 2074 DI 10.1172/JCI118255 PG 4 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA RY954 UT WOS:A1995RY95400044 PM 7560101 ER PT J AU WONG, AT HARRISON, RJ AF WONG, AT HARRISON, RJ TI APPROACHES TO LARGE-SCALE PARALLEL SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD CALCULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DIRECT-SCF; CONVERGENCE ACCELERATION; DIAGONALIZATION; OPTIMIZATION AB The availability of massively parallel computers with high computation rates but limited memory and input/output bandwidth prompts the reevaluation of appropriate solution schemes for the self-consistent field (SCF) equations. Several algorithms are considered which exhibit between linear and quadratic convergence using various approximations to the orbital Hessian. A prototype is developed to understand the computational expense of each approach. The optimal choice is found to be a conjugate-gradient method preconditioned with a level-shifted approximation to the orbital Hessian. This is a compromise between efficiency, stability, and low memory usage. Sample benchmarks on two parallel supercomputers are also reported. (C) 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 6 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1291 EP 1300 DI 10.1002/jcc.540161010 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RV382 UT WOS:A1995RV38200009 ER PT J AU NIELSEN, IMB SEIDL, ET AF NIELSEN, IMB SEIDL, ET TI PARALLEL DIRECT IMPLEMENTATIONS OF 2ND-ORDER PERTURBATION THEORIES SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID 4-INDEX TRANSFORMATION; CORRELATION-ENERGY; DIFFERENT FORMS; MP2 ENERGY; ALGORITHMS; MOLECULES; GRADIENT AB Two algorithms are presented for parallel direct computation of energies with second-order perturbation theory. Closed-shell MP2 theory as well as the open-shell perturbation theories OPT2(2) and ZAPT2 have been implemented. The algorithms are designed for distributed memory parallel computers. The first algorithm exhibits an excellent load balance and scales well when relatively few processors are used, but a large communication overhead reduces the efficiency for larger numbers of processors. The other algorithm employs very little interprocessor communication and scales well for large systems. Ln both implementations the memory requirement has been reduced by allowing the two-electron integral transformation to be performed in multiple passes and by distributing the (partially) transformed integrals between processors. Results are presented for systems with up to 327 basis functions. (C) 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP NIELSEN, IMB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 9214,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 30 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0192-8651 J9 J COMPUT CHEM JI J. Comput. Chem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1301 EP 1313 DI 10.1002/jcc.540161011 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RV382 UT WOS:A1995RV38200010 ER PT J AU PEROT, JB AF PEROT, JB TI FRACTIONAL STEP METHOD - COMMENT SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID EQUATIONS RP PEROT, JB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T-3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 6 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 121 IS 1 BP 190 EP 191 DI 10.1006/jcph.1995.1189 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RW886 UT WOS:A1995RW88600014 ER PT J AU REYNOLDS, HL MORRIS, JW AF REYNOLDS, HL MORRIS, JW TI THE ROLE OF CU-SN INTERMETALLICS IN WETTABILITY DEGRADATION SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE CU-SN INTERMETALLICS; OXIDATION; SOLDER; WETTABILITY ID COMPOUND GROWTH; SOLDERABILITY; TIN AB Wettability of pretinned Cu decreases after long aging times. This work provides insight into the role Cu-Sn intermetallics play in wettability degradation. This study investigates the effects of aging in air and argon at 170 degrees C on Cu coupons which were pretinned with 75Sn-25Pb solder. Coating was applied using an electroplating technique. The coating thickness was controlled between 3 to 30 mu m and the specimens were aged for 0, 2, 24 h, and two weeks. Wetting balance tests were used to evaluate the wettability of the test specimens. Microstructural development was evaluated using x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive x-ray, and Auger spectroscopy, as well as optical and scanning electron microscopy. Results indicate that Cu-Sn intermetallics protected from oxidation do not contribute to a decrease in wettability. Oxidized intermetallics, however, significantly decrease the wettability of aged pretinned samples. The extent of degradation is determined by the type of oxide formed on the surface of the intermetallic. This study shows that a predominantly Cu oxide forms on Cu3Sn, while a Sn oxide forms on Cu6Sn5. No evidence of internal oxidation was found. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP REYNOLDS, HL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1429 EP 1434 DI 10.1007/BF02655460 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA RZ081 UT WOS:A1995RZ08100016 ER PT J AU GESSERT, TA MASON, AR REEDY, RC MATSON, R COUTTS, TJ SHELDON, P AF GESSERT, TA MASON, AR REEDY, RC MATSON, R COUTTS, TJ SHELDON, P TI DEVELOPMENT OF RF-SPUTTERED, CU-DOPED ZNTE FOR USE AS A CONTACT INTERFACE LAYER TO P-CDTE SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE CONTACT INTERFACE LAYER; CU-DOPED ZNTE; RF-MAGNETRON SPUTTERING AB Cu-doped ZnTe films deposited by rf-magnetron sputtering have been analyzed with the intention to use this material as a contact interface in CdS/CdTe thin-film photovoltaic solar-cell devices. It is observed that unless careful attention is made to the pre-deposition conditioning of the ZnTe target, the electrical resistivity of thin films (similar to 70 nm) will be significantly higher than that measured on thicker films (similar to 1.0 mu m). It is determined that N contamination of the target during substrate loading is likely responsible for the increased film resistivity. The effect of film composition on the electrical properties is further studied by analyzing films sputtered from targets containing various Cu concentrations. It is determined that, for targets fabricated from stoichiometric ZnTe and metallic Cu, the extent of Zn deficiency in the film is dependent on both sputtering conditions and the amount of metallic Cu in the target. It is observed that the carrier concentration of the film reaches a maximum value of similar to 3 x 10(20) cm(-3) when the concentrations of Te and (Zn+Cu) are nearly equal. For the conditions used, this optimum film stoichiometry results when the concentration of metallic Cu in the target is similar to 6 at.%. RP GESSERT, TA (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 6 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1443 EP 1449 DI 10.1007/BF02655462 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA RZ081 UT WOS:A1995RZ08100018 ER PT J AU VIANCO, PT KILGO, AC GRANT, R AF VIANCO, PT KILGO, AC GRANT, R TI INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND LAYER GROWTH BY SOLID-STATE REACTIONS BETWEEN 58BI-42SN SOLDER AND COPPER SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE BI-SN SOLDER; COPPER/TIN-BISMUTH DIFFUSION; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND FORMATION; INTERMETALLIC GROWTH KINETICS ID SN AB Solid state intermetallic compound layer growth was examined following thermal aging of the 58Bi-42Sn/Cu couple for a temperature range of 55 to 120 degrees C and time periods of from 1 to 400 days. The intermetallic compound layer was comprised of sublayers that included the traditional Cu6Sn5 stoichiometry as well as one or more complex Cu-Sn-Bi chemistries. The number of sublayers increased with aging temperature and time. Time-dependent layer thickness computations based upon the empirical expression, At-n + B, revealed a time exponent, n, that decreased with increasing temperature from a maximum of 0.551 at 70 degrees C to 0.417 at 120 degrees C. The apparent activation energy for growth (at 100 days) was 55 +/- 7 kJ/mol. The Bi-Sn/Cu data, together with that from the other solder/copper systems, suggested that at a given homologous temperature, the quantity of Sn in the solder field determines the intermetallic compound layer thickness as a function of time. RP VIANCO, PT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR SOLDER SCI & TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 62 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 24 IS 10 BP 1493 EP 1505 DI 10.1007/BF02655468 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA RZ081 UT WOS:A1995RZ08100024 ER PT J AU CLINE, SR REED, BE AF CLINE, SR REED, BE TI LEAD REMOVAL FROM SOILS VIA BENCH-SCALE SOIL WASHING TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION AB The retention and release of lead from eight different soils collected from the eastern United States were investigated. After characterization using well-established test procedures, the study soils were artificially contaminated with lead. Upon contamination, the lead-retention capacity of the study soils was statistically correlated with their physical and chemical properties. Lead capacity of the eight study soils was best correlated with the parameters of soil pH and the organic soil fraction. The efficiencies of six washing solutions in removing lead from the contaminated soils were then investigated via batch washing experiments. Unlike conventional field-scale soil washing, all particle size fractions were washed and recovered in these bench-scale experiments. HCl and EDTA obtained the best Pb-removal efficiencies. Removals tended to be independent of soil type and washing solution concentration. In addition to the physical/chemical properties of the washing solutions and of the study soils, the effects of the initial lead contamination level and washing solution concentration upon lead removals were examined. Lead-retention and release kinetic studies were performed to confirm equilibration between the aqueous and solid phases. Kinetics of both lead retention and release were very rapid for most study soils. C1 W VIRGINIA UNIV,DEPT CIVIL & ENVIRONM ENGN,MORGANTOWN,WV 26506. RP CLINE, SR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 7 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1995 VL 121 IS 10 BP 700 EP 705 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1995)121:10(700) PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RV791 UT WOS:A1995RV79100004 ER PT J AU CONROY, LM PRODANS, RS LACHMAN, M YU, XM WADDEN, RA FRANKE, JE SCHEFF, PA AF CONROY, LM PRODANS, RS LACHMAN, M YU, XM WADDEN, RA FRANKE, JE SCHEFF, PA TI HOOD EFFICIENCIES OF VAPOR DEGREASERS UNDER OPERATING-CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID EMISSION FACTORS; OZONE AB The objective of this research was to measure capture efficiency of local exhaust hoods used to control vapor degreasing tanks during normal operations and to compare the observed capture efficiencies to the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) design criteria. Solvent emission rates and local exhaust hood capture efficiencies were measured at 15 vapor degreasers. The degreasers were located in 12 private industrial settings and studied under normal operating conditions. Where possible, hourly concentration data were collected during two 8-h shifts for each degreaser. Site-average fugitive emissions to the workspace (mean = 0.173 g/m(2)/s, range = 0.001-1.08 g/m(2)/s) were in excellent agreement with previously reported tests for vapor degreasers under operating conditions. The ACGIH recommended flow of 0.25 m(3)/s/m(2) s/m(2) (50 cu ft/min/sq ft) of tank surface appears to be adequate for some conditions but inadequate for other conditions. An increase in flow, above design recommendations, did not necessarily improve hood performance. Hood capture efficiency was slightly correlated with hood face velocity, although there is significant variability in the data. Emissions of solvent to the workspace were only slightly correlated with duct emissions. This suggests that fugitive emissions are as strongly related to work practices as they are to control device design. C1 NAT LOSS CONTROL SERV CORP,LONG GROVE,IL 60049. US DOE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP CONROY, LM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,SCH PUBL HLTH,2121 W TAYLOR,CHICAGO,IL 60612, USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD OCT PY 1995 VL 121 IS 10 BP 736 EP 741 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1995)121:10(736) PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RV791 UT WOS:A1995RV79100010 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, RJ RUNION, GB PRIOR, SA ROGERS, HH AMTHOR, JS HENNING, FP AF MITCHELL, RJ RUNION, GB PRIOR, SA ROGERS, HH AMTHOR, JS HENNING, FP TI EFFECTS OF NITROGEN ON PINUS-PALUSTRIS FOLIAR RESPIRATORY RESPONSES TO ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2 CONCENTRATION SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY LA English DT Article DE PINUS PALUSTRIS; ELEVATED CO2; NITROGEN; FOLIAR RESPIRATION ID CASTANEA-SATIVA MILL; CARBON-DIOXIDE; DARK RESPIRATION; CARBOHYDRATE STATUS; CONSTRUCTION COST; PLANT RESPIRATION; LEAF RESPIRATION; TREE SEEDLINGS; CLIMATE CHANGE; GROWTH AB Indirect effects of atmospheric CO2 concentration [CO2], on longleaf pine (Pinus palustris Mill.) foliage respiration were studied by growing trees in a factorial arrangement of low and high [CO2] (369 and 729 mu mol CO2 mol(-1)) and low and high N (40 and 400 kg ha(-1) yr(-1)). Direct effects of [CO2] on leaf respiration were tested by measuring respiration rates of foliage from all treatments at two CO2 levels (360 and 720 mu mol CO2 mol(-1)) at the time of measurement. Elevated CO2 did not directly or indirectly affect leaf respiration when expressed on a leaf area or mass basis, but a significant increase in respiration per unit leaf N was observed in trees grown in elevated [CO2] (indirect response to elevated [CO2]). The lack of a [CO2] effect on respiration, when analysed on an area or mass basis, may have resulted from combined effects of [CO2] on factors that increase respiration (e.g. greater availability of non-structural carbohydrates stimulating growth and carbon export from leaves) and on factors that decrease respiration (e.g. lower N concentration leading to lower construction costs and maintenance requirements). Thus, [CO2] affected factors that influence respiration, but in opposing ways. C1 AUBURN UNIV, SCH FORESTRY, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA. USDA ARS, NATL SOIL DYNAM LAB, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV GLOBAL CLIMATE RES, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. AUBURN UNIV, DEPT AGRON, AUBURN, AL 36849 USA. RP MITCHELL, RJ (reprint author), JONES ECOL RES CTR, RR2, BOX 2324, NEWTON, GA 31770 USA. RI Amthor, Jeffrey/F-2696-2016 OI Amthor, Jeffrey/0000-0002-1410-6100 NR 56 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-0957 J9 J EXP BOT JI J. Exp. Bot. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 46 IS 291 BP 1561 EP 1567 DI 10.1093/jxb/46.10.1561 PG 7 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TC057 UT WOS:A1995TC05700011 ER PT J AU LUI, ATY ELPHINSTONE, RD MURPHREE, JS HENDERSON, MG VO, HB COGGER, LL LUHR, H OHTANI, S NEWELL, PT REEVES, GD AF LUI, ATY ELPHINSTONE, RD MURPHREE, JS HENDERSON, MG VO, HB COGGER, LL LUHR, H OHTANI, S NEWELL, PT REEVES, GD TI SPECIAL FEATURES OF A SUBSTORM DURING HIGH SOLAR-WIND DYNAMIC PRESSURE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID AURORAL DISTRIBUTION; CORONAL STREAMERS; VIKING; OVAL; SATELLITE; IMAGER; PERIOD; SECTOR; SHEET; IMF AB A substorm on July 24, 1986, exhibiting a rather unusual auroral morphology is analyzed with data from 10 spacecraft (Viking; DMSP F6 and F7; GOES 5 and 6; three LANL geosynchronous satellites; CCE; and IMP 8). This substorm occurred during high solar wind dynamic pressure (>5 nPa). Several notable features for this substorm are (1) the substorm onset activity was preceded by prominent auroral activations in the morning sector with spatial separations between adjacent bright regions ranging from similar to 160 to 640 km, and their intensity was modulated at similar to 3.2-min intervals; (2) the initial substorm activity was concentrated in the morning sector, followed by a sudden activation in the dusk sector, leaving the midnight sector relatively undisturbed, in sharp contrast to the traditional substorm development in which the major activity occurs in the midnight sector; (3) while a substorm injection was observed at a geocentric distance of similar to 8.4 R(E) by CCE in association with the substorm onset, particle injections (detectable with three LANL geosynchronous satellites) and dipolarization signatures (detectable the two GOES satellites) were not observed until subsequent intensifications; (4) timing subsequent substorm intensifications from injections at the geosynchronous altitude differed from timing intensifications based on Viking auroral images by as much as similar to 3 min even when the auroral activity occurred in the same magnetic local time sector as the geosynchronous satellite; (5) the polar cap boundary was at a significantly higher latitude than the poleward boundary delineated by detectable auroral luminosity in the auroral oval, supporting the previous result that auroral activity at substorm onset occurs substantially equatorward of the boundary between open and closed magnetic field lines. Detailed timing analysis suggests the substorm onset to be associated with southward interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), possibly with the crossing of an IMF sector boundary (interplanetary current sheet). The dimming of auroral luminosity in the midnight region was associated with a sudden northward turning of the IMF during high solar wind dynamic pressure condition. C1 UNIV CALGARY,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CALGARY,AB T2N 1N4,CANADA. TECH UNIV CAROLO WILHELMINA BRAUNSCHWEIG,INST GEOPHYS & METEOROL,D-38106 BRAUNSCHWEIG,GERMANY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LUI, ATY (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,APPL PHYS LAB,JOHNS HOPKINS RD,LAUREL,MD 20723, USA. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011; Ohtani, Shinichi/E-3914-2016; Henderson, Michael/A-3948-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098; Ohtani, Shinichi/0000-0002-9565-6840; Henderson, Michael/0000-0003-4975-9029 NR 36 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19095 EP 19107 DI 10.1029/95JA01181 PG 13 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400003 ER PT J AU BIRN, J GARY, SP HESSE, M AF BIRN, J GARY, SP HESSE, M TI MICROSCALE ANISOTROPY REDUCTION AND MACROSCALE DYNAMICS OF THE MAGNETOTAIL SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA SHEET; NEUTRAL SHEET; TEARING INSTABILITY; TAIL; MECHANISM; PRESSURE AB Anisotropic magnetofluid simulations are used to investigate the influence of several models of anisotropy reduction on the dynamic evolution of the magnetotail. Two distinct magnetotail dynamic models are studied: a nonresistive simulation driven by an external electric field as a representation of the substorm growth phase, and a resistive simulation with a uniform enhanced resistivity as a representation of the substorm expansive phase. The plasma models include one which is fully isotropic, the double adiabatic model in which pressures parallel and perpendicular to the background magnetic field are completely uncoupled, and a model in which small-scale instabilities impose an upper bound on the anisotropy. In this last model, anisotropies that exceed this bound are reduced on a short Alfvenic timescale. To investigate the transition to the fully isotropic model, a fourth plasma model is studied in which any anisotropy is reduced on the same short timescale. The growth phase magnetotail model is characterized by a localised increase in current density and by a reduction in the magnitude of B-z in the near-Earth neutral sheet; both of these effects are more pronounced for the more isotropic plasma models, For the expansive phase magnetotail model the development of a generalized tearing instability occurs faster and the substorm wedge currents grow stronger when the plasma model is closer to isotropy. In both magnetotail models the plasma anisotropy model strongly influences the spatial variation of B-z in the neutral sheet and hence the location where reconnection occurs and a neutral line forms. Both the driven and the unstable anisotropic models develop mirror-type anisotropies (p perpendicular to > p parallel to) in the (low beta or low current density) boundary regions of the plasma sheet and the adjacent lobes, while the (high beta or high current density) center region of the plasma/current sheet remains close to isotropy. C1 NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, ELECTRODYNAM BRANCH, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP, MS D466, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Hesse, Michael/D-2031-2012 NR 28 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9380 EI 2169-9402 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SPACE JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19211 EP 19220 DI 10.1029/95JA01401 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400012 ER PT J AU ENGEBRETSON, MJ HUGHES, WJ ALFORD, JL ZESTA, E CAHILL, LJ ARNOLDY, RL REEVES, GD AF ENGEBRETSON, MJ HUGHES, WJ ALFORD, JL ZESTA, E CAHILL, LJ ARNOLDY, RL REEVES, GD TI MAGNETOMETER ARRAY FOR CUSP AND CLEFT STUDIES OBSERVATIONS OF THE SPATIAL EXTENT OF BROAD-BAND ULF MAGNETIC PULSATIONS AT CUSP/CLEFT LATITUDES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND PARAMETERS; DAYSIDE MAGNETOSPHERE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; DISTRIBUTIONS; MAGNETOSHEATH; FLUCTUATIONS; POWER; FIELD AB We have used magnetometer data from 10 locations in Arctic Canada and Greenland, covering over 5 hours in magnetic local,time at magnetic latitudes from 75 degrees to 79 degrees, to characterize the dayside patterns of enhanced long-period ULF (10- to 600-s period) wave power at cusp/cleft latitudes, We conclude the following: (1) in agreement with earlier single-station studies, we find that the most common wave type is broadband noise (Pi 1-2). Distinct Pc 3-4 activity and more sustained monochromatic Pc 5 activity are most apparent when this broadband noise is weak, (2) Multistation observations also make clear that strong, broadband Pi 1-2 signals are both temporally and Spatially structured: Although their amplitude is somewhat larger near local noon and neat nominal cusp latitudes, they often occur simultaneously (to within a few minutes) at all stations. They are thus not local signals, and cannot be interpreted as evidence of passage of an auroral region or boundary over an individual magnetic observatory, In particular, we have found no evidence for a distinctive ''cusp'' signature in broadband ULF waves in this frequency range. (3) The occurrence of strong broadband Pi 1-2 signals at these latitudes appears to be controlled largely by Solar wind velocity, We found: good correlations between the occurrence of strong Pi 1-2 signals and high solar wind velocity, and we also noted some dependence on the cone angle of the interplanetary magnetic field for moderate to low solar wind velocities, We speculate that there may be an additional dependence on enhanced levels of trapped plasma in regions topologically connected to the very high latitude dayside ionosphere, such as the entry layer, high-latitude dayside field minimum regions, or plasma mantle, Available satellite data on the level bf trapped energetic electron fluxes at geosynchronous orbit showed that broadband power levels appeared to correlate with enhanced flux levels on the time scale of days, but not on shorter time scales, suggesting that any such dependence is not directly related to substorm injections. C1 UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DURHAM,NH 03824. UNIV MINNESOTA,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. BOSTON UNIV,CTR SPACE PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ENGEBRETSON, MJ (reprint author), AUGSBURG COLL,DEPT PHYS,2211 RIVERSIDE AVE,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55454, USA. RI Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 31 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19371 EP 19386 DI 10.1029/95JA00768 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400027 ER PT J AU THOMAS, VA AF THOMAS, VA TI 3-DIMENSIONAL KINETIC SIMULATION OF THE KELVIN-HELMHOLTZ INSTABILITY SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MACH NUMBER; DEPENDENCE; BOUNDARY; PLASMA AB Three dimensional hybrid simulations with particle ions and fluid electrons are used;to calculate the kinetic evolution of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability for the simplest configuration, that of plasma with uniform density imbedded in a uniform magnetic field. The relative angle of the magnetic field and the velocity vector is varied, and for some simulations the magnetic field undergoes a rotation at the velocity shear layer. The results from the three-dimensional simulations are generally consistent with two-dimensional simulations, providing that the appropriate geometry is simulated in the two-dimensional cases. The simulations suggest that even modest rotation of the magnetic field across the boundary layer strongly reduces the nonlinear development of the instability so that its possible occurrence at the dayside magnetopause is greatly inhibited. RP THOMAS, VA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,MS F645,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19429 EP 19433 DI 10.1029/95JA01130 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400032 ER PT J AU MAKSIMOVIC, M HOANG, S MEYERVERNET, N MONCUQUET, M BOUGERET, JL PHILLIPS, JL CANU, P AF MAKSIMOVIC, M HOANG, S MEYERVERNET, N MONCUQUET, M BOUGERET, JL PHILLIPS, JL CANU, P TI SOLAR-WIND ELECTRON PARAMETERS FROM QUASI-THERMAL NOISE SPECTROSCOPY AND COMPARISON WITH OTHER MEASUREMENTS ON ULYSSES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PLASMA; ISEE-3 AB Plasma thermal noise spectroscopy was used for the first time on a large scale on the Ulysses radio receiver data to measure the solar wind electron density and temperature in the ecliptic plane. The validity and Limitations of the results obtained with this method are discussed. Nearly simultaneous measurements of the electron density and temperature from the radio receiver, the sounder, and the electron analyzer on Ulysses are intercompared. The thermal noise measurements are found to compare quite well with the other measurements, apart from some discrepancies, which are discussed. The uncertainties on the core temperature, derived from a least squares model fitting of the radio data, are shown to be statistically consistent and significant. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV NONPROLIFERAT & INT SECUR,NIS GRP 1,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CTR ETUD ENVIRONNEMENTS TERR & PLANETAIRES,CNRS,UMR 118,F-78140 VELIZY VILLACOUBL,FRANCE. RP MAKSIMOVIC, M (reprint author), OBSERV PARIS,CNRS,URA 264,DEPT RECH SPATIALE,F-92195 MEUDON,FRANCE. NR 21 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19881 EP 19891 DI 10.1029/95JA01550 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400071 ER PT J AU MCCOMAS, DJ BARRACLOUGH, BL GOSLING, JT HAMMOND, CM PHILLIPS, JL NEUGEBAUER, M BALOGH, A FORSYTH, RJ AF MCCOMAS, DJ BARRACLOUGH, BL GOSLING, JT HAMMOND, CM PHILLIPS, JL NEUGEBAUER, M BALOGH, A FORSYTH, RJ TI STRUCTURES IN THE POLAR SOLAR-WIND - PLASMA AND FIELD OBSERVATIONS FROM ULYSSES SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Ulysses has frequently observed solar wind structures lasting from several hours to several days since it passed into the region of solar wind emanating from the southern polar coronal hole at similar to 36 degrees S. In addition to previously reported Alfven waves and coronal mass ejections, two other sorts of structures are routinely evident. This paper provides the first report of these structures in the high-latitude solar wind: (1) small-scale compressional structures and (2) pressure balance structures. The compressional structures are driven by faster solar wind overtaking slower solar wind ahead of it and exhibit the plasma and field properties expected for compressions. Unlike large-scale stream interaction regions observed in and near the ecliptic plane, these structures are much smaller scale and are nonrecurring from one rotation to the next. These smaller-scale compressional structures appear to arise preferentially from a limited (similar to 120 degrees of heliolongitude) region in the southern polar coronal hole. The pressure balance structures, on the other hand, are indicated by roughly equal increases in the plasma pressure and decreases in the magnetic field pressure, These structures, which are several degrees across, are more dense and have higher plasma pressures and betas than the surrounding solar wind. These pressure balance structures may be the interplanetary manifestations of ''polar plumes.'' C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL,BLACKETT LAB,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. CALTECH,JET PROP LAB,PASADENA,CA 91109. RP MCCOMAS, DJ (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,POB 1663,MS D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 23 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19893 EP 19902 DI 10.1029/95JA01634 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400072 ER PT J AU MOLDWIN, MB PHILLIPS, JL GOSLING, JT SCIME, EE MCCOMAS, DJ BALOGH, A FORSYTH, RJ AF MOLDWIN, MB PHILLIPS, JL GOSLING, JT SCIME, EE MCCOMAS, DJ BALOGH, A FORSYTH, RJ TI ULYSSES OBSERVATION OF A NONCORONAL MASS EJECTION FLUX ROPE - EVIDENCE OF INTERPLANETARY MAGNETIC RECONNECTION SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SOLAR-WIND; HEAVY-IONS; SHOCK; EVENTS; LOOP; PLASMOIDS; DROPOUTS; CLOUDS; FIELDS AB A well-defined, small-scale (approximate to 0.05 AU) magnetic flux rope was observed by Ulysses at about 5 AU in close proximity to a heat flux dropout (HFD) at the heliospheric current sheet (HCS). This magnetic flux rope is characterized by a rotation of the field in the plane approximately perpendicular to the ecliptic (and containing the Sun and the spacecraft) and with a magnetic field maximum centered near the inflection point of the bipolar signature. The edges of the flux rope are well defined by diamagnetic field minima. A bidirectional electron heat flux signature is coincident with the magnetic flux rope structure. The event occurred during a time of slightly increasing solar wind speed, suggesting that the field and plasma were locally compressed. Unlike most coronal mass ejections/magnetic clouds, this event is characterized by high proton temperatures and densities, high plasma beta, no significant alpha particle abundance increase, and a small radial size. We interpret these observations in terms of multiple magnetic reconnection of previously open field lines in interplanetary space at the HCS. Such reconnection produces a U-shaped structure entirely disconnected from the Sun (which we associate with the HFD), a closed magnetic flux rope (which we associate with the counterstreaming electron event), and a closed magnetic loop or tongue connected back to the Sun at both ends. These observations suggest that magnetic reconnection, and its changes to magnetic field topology, can occur well beyond the solar corona in interplanetary space. C1 UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI TECHNOL & MED,LONDON SW7 2BZ,ENGLAND. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SPACE & ATMOSPHER SCI GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RI Moldwin, Mark/F-8785-2011 OI Moldwin, Mark/0000-0003-0954-1770 NR 42 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A10 BP 19903 EP 19910 DI 10.1029/95JA01123 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RY274 UT WOS:A1995RY27400073 ER PT J AU POSNER, RG SUBRAMANIAN, K GOLDSTEIN, B THOMAS, J FEDER, T HOLOWKA, D BAIRD, B AF POSNER, RG SUBRAMANIAN, K GOLDSTEIN, B THOMAS, J FEDER, T HOLOWKA, D BAIRD, B TI SIMULTANEOUS CROSS-LINKING BY 2 NONTRIGGERING BIVALENT LIGANDS CAUSES SYNERGISTIC SIGNALING OF IGE FC-EPSILON-RI COMPLEXES SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BASOPHILIC LEUKEMIA-CELLS; BOUND IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; HISTAMINE-RELEASE; RECEPTOR COMPLEXES; MAST-CELLS; DIVALENT HAPTENS; CLASS ANTIBODIES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; DISSOCIATION KINETICS; DIMERIZATION KINETICS AB We have used two bivalent ligands that bind IgE to study the relationship between the aggregation of receptors with high affinity for IgE (Fc epsilon RI) and the responses (receptor immobilization, Ca2+ influx, and degranulation) of rat basophilic leukemia (RBL-2H3) cells. One of these is a symmetric bivalent ligand, N,N'-bis[[epsilon-[(2,4-dinitrophenyl)amino]caproyl]-L-tyrosyl]-L-cystine ((DCT)(2)-cys), which binds specifically to the combining sites of a mAb anti-DNP IgE and efficiently cross-links cell surface IgE, but does not trigger significant degranulation or increases in intracellular Ca2+. Several lines of evidence, including lateral mobility measurements, indicate that this ligand preferentially forms stable cyclic complexes containing two (DCT)(2)-cys and two IgE. The second ligand is a mAb anti-IgE, B1E3, which causes lateral mobility changes consistent with dimerized IgE-Fc epsilon RI and also does not trigger increases in intracellular Ca2+ or degranulation. The two ligands together trigger robust responses. In the presence of B1E3, (DCT)(2)-cys causes immobilization of IgE-Fc epsilon RI in a broad concentration range; in a more narrow concentration range, it is a potent stimulant of changes in both degranulation and Ca2+. We have compared the dose-response curves for cellular activation to simulated IgE aggregation curves, i.e., curves that predict the equilibrium IgE aggregate size distribution as a function of the (DCT)(2)-cys concentration. Our results indicate that maximal cellular activation occurs at a much higher (DCT)(2)-cys concentration than maximal IgE aggregation. When IgE aggregation is maximal, almost all aggregated IgE is in cyclic dimers. Thus, cyclic dimers appear to be functionally ineffective, even after they have been cross-linked by B1E3. Aggregated IgE-Fc epsilon RI that is effective in stimulating a cellular response may have particular structural or dynamic properties that allow critical interactions for initiating the signaling cascade. C1 CORNELL UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ITHACA,NY 14853. CORNELL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ITHACA,NY 14853. NO ARIZONA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86011. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-35997, AI-22449]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM-35556] NR 49 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 155 IS 7 BP 3601 EP 3609 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA RV939 UT WOS:A1995RV93900042 PM 7561059 ER PT J AU NIVENS, DE PALMER, RJ WHITE, DC AF NIVENS, DE PALMER, RJ WHITE, DC TI CONTINUOUS NONDESTRUCTIVE MONITORING OF MICROBIAL BIOFILMS - A REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE BIOFILM; ONLINE MONITORING; NONDESTRUCTIVE MONITORING; MICROSCOPY; FOURIER-TRANSFORM INFRARED SPECTROMETRY; BIOLUMINESCENCE; MICROELECTRODE; QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE ID QUARTZ CRYSTAL MICROBALANCE; MICROBIOLOGICALLY INFLUENCED CORROSION; MICROCOSM ARTIFICIAL MOUTH; CONFOCAL LASER MICROSCOPY; PSEUDOMONAS-FLUORESCENS; INFRARED SPECTROMETRY; ONLINE DETECTION; BACTERIAL-CELLS; SOLID-SURFACES; IMAGE-ANALYSIS AB A fundamental requirement for the understanding and control of biofilms is the continuous nondestructive monitoring of biofilm processes. This paper reviews research analytical techniques that monitor biofilm processes in a continuous nondestructive manner and that could also be modified for industrial applications. To be considered 'continuous' and 'nondestructive' for the purpose of this review a technique must: (a) function in an aqueous system; (b) not require sample removal; (c) minimize signal from organisms or contaminants in the bulk phase; and (d) provide real-time data. Various microscopic, spectrochemical, electrochemical, and piezoelectrical analysis methods fulfill these criteria. These techniques monitor the formation of biofilms, the physiology of the microorganisms within biofilms, and/or the interaction of the biofilms with their environment. It is hoped that this review will stimulate development and use of biofilm monitoring techniques in industrial and environmental settings. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MICROBIOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP NIVENS, DE (reprint author), MICROBIAL INSIGHTS INC,201 CTR PK DR,SUITE 1140,KNOXVILLE,TN 37922, USA. NR 140 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 40 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL JI J. Indust. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 263 EP 276 DI 10.1007/BF01569979 PG 14 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TF817 UT WOS:A1995TF81700003 ER PT J AU ARRAGE, AA VASISHTHA, N SUNDBERG, D BAUSCH, G VINCENT, HL WHITE, DC AF ARRAGE, AA VASISHTHA, N SUNDBERG, D BAUSCH, G VINCENT, HL WHITE, DC TI ONLINE MONITORING OF ANTIFOULING AND FOULING-RELEASE SURFACES USING BIOLUMINESCENCE AND FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS DURING LAMINAR-FLOW SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ANTIFOULING; BIOFILMS; BIOLUMINESCENCE; SEA-NINE-211; FLUORESCENCE; POLYDIMETHYLSILOXANE; VIBRIO HARVEYI; ONLINE MONITORING ID ONLINE DETECTION; BACTERIAL AB A laminar flow biofilm-monitoring system was used to determine the efficacies of three antifouling (AF) coatings and five fouling-release (FR) coatings against Vibrio harveyi attachment. On-line measurements of tryptophan fluorescence and bioluminescence from each coating, normalized to an upstream stainless steel coupon, were used to determine the effects of AF and FR surfaces on biofilm formation. The AF coatings consisted of 5, 10, and 35 wt% Sea Nine 211 (C9211) incorporated into a vinyl copolymer. Both the 10 and 35 wt% coatings significantly inhibited biofilm biomass development measured by tryptophan fluorescence compared to the stainless steel control. V. harveyi bioluminescence was significantly greater than tryptophan fluorescence in cells attached to these coatings, suggesting that bioluminescence expression may be a marker for cellular stress or toxicity in biofilms. Five different polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) FR coatings did not inhibit biofilm formation under low flow conditions. However, four PDMS coatings demonstrated decreased biomass levels compared to stainless steel after exposure to a shear stress of 330 dynes cm(-2). There was no toxic additive in these coatings; bioluminescence and tryptophan fluorescence were proportional. C1 UNIV NEW HAMPSHIRE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,POLYMER RES GRP,DURHAM,NH 03824. DOW CORNING CORP,MIDLAND,MI 48686. HV ENTERPRISES,MIDLAND,MI 48640. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ARRAGE, AA (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,10515 RES DR,STE 300,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932, USA. NR 19 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 6 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL JI J. Indust. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 277 EP 282 DI 10.1007/BF01569980 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TF817 UT WOS:A1995TF81700004 ER PT J AU ANGELL, P WHITE, DC AF ANGELL, P WHITE, DC TI IS METABOLIC-ACTIVITY BY BIOFILMS WITH SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIAL CONSORTIA ESSENTIAL FOR LONG-TERM PROPAGATION OF PITTING CORROSION OF STAINLESS-STEEL SO JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE SULFATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; MICROBIAL CORROSION; INHIBITORS; METABOLISM; PITTING; 304 STAINLESS STEEL AB Concentric electrodes have been fabricated from 304 stainless steel in which a small anode (0.031 cm(2)) and large cathode (4.87 cm(2)) are induced by the application of a current density of 11 mu A cm(-2) at the anode. It has previously been shown that reproducible pitting and maintenance of a galvanic current occurs only in the presence of a censortium of bacteria containing sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Actively corroding systems that had maintained a galvanic current for at least 24 h after the applied current was removed were treated with inhibitors of the SRB. The only inhibitor tested which had any marked effect on the galvanic current was sodium molybdate which is a known inhibitor of corrosion as well as SRB. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,ESD,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS SN 0169-4146 J9 J IND MICROBIOL JI J. Indust. Microbiol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 15 IS 4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1007/BF01569987 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA TF817 UT WOS:A1995TF81700011 ER PT J AU SILKS, LA DUNKLE, E UNKEFER, CJ SUDMEIER, JL BUTLER, M BACHOVCHIN, WW AF SILKS, LA DUNKLE, E UNKEFER, CJ SUDMEIER, JL BUTLER, M BACHOVCHIN, WW TI A REINVESTIGATION OF THE SYNTHESIS OF [N-15(2)]HYDROXYMETHYLIMIDAZOLE - USEFUL IN AN IMPROVED SYNTHESIS OF (D,L)-[TAU,PI-N-15(2)]HISTIDINE SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE [N-15(2)]HYDROXYLMETHYLIMIDAZOLE; (D,L)-[TAU,PI-N-15(2)]HISTIDINE ID SPECTROSCOPY AB We have reinvestigated the synthesis of [N-15(2)]hydroxymethyl imidazole from dihydroxyacetone, formaldehyde, and labelled ammonia in an attempt to optimize the yield from the isotope. Conversion of the hydroxymethyl imidazole to histidine was accomplished in good yield without the need for picric acid as an ion pairing agent. C1 TUFTS UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,BOSTON,MA 02111. RP SILKS, LA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,NATL STABLE ISOTOPES RESOURCES,CST GRP 4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 36 IS 10 BP 947 EP 951 DI 10.1002/jlcr.2580361006 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA RW911 UT WOS:A1995RW91100005 ER PT J AU HAMMEL, PC ZHANG, Z MOORE, GJ ROUKES, ML AF HAMMEL, PC ZHANG, Z MOORE, GJ ROUKES, ML TI SUBSURFACE IMAGING WITH THE MAGNETIC-RESONANCE FORCE MICROSCOPE SO JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Quantum Fluids and Solids CY JUN 13-18, 1995 CL CORNELL UNIV, ITHACA, NY HO CORNELL UNIV ID MECHANICAL DETECTION AB The magnetic resonance force microscope (MXFM) is based on mechanical defection of magnetic resonance signals. The force between the field gradient due to a small permanent magnet and the spin magnetization in the sample is used to drive the oscillation of a high Q, low spring-constant micro-mechanical resonator (e.g. atomic force microscope cantilever). This same field gradient also enables microscopic magnetic resonance imaging. We will discuss the characteristics and capabilities of the electron spin MRFM we have fabricated. Our MXFM has a sensitivity of 3x10(11) electron spins at room temperature in an applied field of 253 Gauss. Its vertical resolution is similar to 1 micron. One- and two-dimensional scans of a particle beneath the silicon cantilever have been performed which demonstrate the sub-surface spatial imaging capabilities. We also discuss recent advances in the miniaturization of two crucial MXFM components: the micromechanical resonator and the micromagnetic tip. C1 CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. RP HAMMEL, PC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Moore, Gregory/E-7184-2010; Roukes, Michael/E-9787-2010; Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Moore, Gregory/0000-0001-8541-3194; Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 10 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-2291 J9 J LOW TEMP PHYS JI J. Low Temp. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 101 IS 1-2 BP 59 EP 69 DI 10.1007/BF00754562 PG 11 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TD430 UT WOS:A1995TD43000008 ER PT J AU KIM, YW EARL, WL NORBERG, RE AF KIM, YW EARL, WL NORBERG, RE TI CRYOGENIC PROBE WITH LOW-LOSS TRANSMISSION-LINE FOR NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES A LA English DT Article ID NMR AB In the design and construction of NMR probes, it is frequently useful to have the tuning elements remote from the NMR coil and sample space, In such cases, a transmission line is an integral part of the resonance circuit. The characteristics of transmission lines are considered and a design for a low-loss transmission line probe is given, The impedance transformation characteristics of low-loss transmission lines are used in several cryogenic probes including singly and doubly tuned probes, Although a low-loss transmission line improves the efficiency of the probe, it may not be the dominant factor in maximizing energy transfer to the NMR coil. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ST LOUIS,MO 63130. RP KIM, YW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 2 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1858 J9 J MAGN RESON SER A JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 116 IS 2 BP 139 EP 144 PG 6 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA RZ079 UT WOS:A1995RZ07900001 ER PT J AU HSU, EW SCHOENIGER, JS BOWTELL, R AIKEN, NR HORSMAN, A BLACKBAND, SJ AF HSU, EW SCHOENIGER, JS BOWTELL, R AIKEN, NR HORSMAN, A BLACKBAND, SJ TI A MODIFIED IMAGING SEQUENCE FOR ACCURATE T-2 MEASUREMENTS USING NMR MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B LA English DT Article AB A modified spin-echo pulse sequence is described that enables accurate T-2 measurements to be made in NMR microimaging experiments. The modified sequence eliminates cumulative diffusion losses that lead to an underestimation of the T-2 relaxation time using conventional spin-echo pulse sequences. The approach is theoretically justified and confirmed in comparative experiments on phantoms. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,DEPT RADIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA. UNIV NOTTINGHAM,CTR MR,NOTTINGHAM NG7 2RD,ENGLAND. FOX CHASE CANC CTR,DEPT NMR,PHILADELPHIA,PA. UNIV HULL,DEPT MED PHYS,KINGSTON HULL HU6 7RX,N HUMBERSIDE,ENGLAND. RP HSU, EW (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV HOSP,DEPT BIOMED ENGN,1830 E MONUMENT ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. OI Bowtell, Richard/0000-0001-8656-412X FU NCI NIH HHS [CA09630] NR 7 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1866 J9 J MAGN RESON SER B JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B PD OCT PY 1995 VL 109 IS 1 BP 66 EP 69 DI 10.1006/jmrb.1995.1147 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA RX486 UT WOS:A1995RX48600008 PM 8581310 ER PT J AU STEIN, PC JACOBSEN, JP SPIELMANN, HP AF STEIN, PC JACOBSEN, JP SPIELMANN, HP TI DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A SIMPLE SHAPED-NOTCH FILTER SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE SERIES B LA English DT Note ID TAILORED EXCITATION; SIGNAL SUPPRESSION; WATER SUPPRESSION; MATRIX ANALYSIS; NMR-SPECTRA; SPECTROSCOPY; RELAXATION C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP STEIN, PC (reprint author), ODENSE UNIV,INST KEM,CAMPUSVEJ 55,DK-5230 ODENSE M,DENMARK. RI Stein, Paul/M-9044-2015 OI Stein, Paul/0000-0002-7723-1419 NR 16 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 1064-1866 J9 J MAGN RESON SER B JI J. Magn. Reson. Ser. B PD OCT PY 1995 VL 109 IS 1 BP 93 EP 96 DI 10.1006/jmrb.1995.1152 PG 4 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Physics GA RX486 UT WOS:A1995RX48600013 ER PT J AU KINI, AM GEISER, U WANG, HH LYKKE, KR WILLIAMS, JM CAMPANA, CF AF KINI, AM GEISER, U WANG, HH LYKKE, KR WILLIAMS, JM CAMPANA, CF TI ALTERNATIVE SYNTHESIS OF (Z),(Z)-4,5-4',5'-BIS(1,4-DIOXANEDIYL-2,3-DITHIO)TETRATHIAFULVALENE (CIS,CIS-BDDT-TTF), AND THE PREPARATION, EPR PROPERTIES AND STRUCTURE OF THE RADICAL-CATION SALT (CIS,CIS-BDDT-TTF)(2)I-3 SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID PRESSURE ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR; CRYSTAL; TTF AB An alternative synthesis of the title compound (a derivative of BEDT-TTF or ET) via the cis-thione 1, which was unexpectedly obtained while attempting to prepare the trans isomer in the reaction between (E)-2,3-dichloro-1,4-dioxane and bis(4,5-dimercapto-1,3-dithiole-2-thione)zincate, is presented. The radical cation salt (cis,cis-BDDT-TTF)(2)/(3) was prepared by electrochemical methods, and its structure, as determined by X-ray diffraction, consists of a columnar packing of the donor molecules with the triiodide anions residing between the columns. This structure is distinctly different from the layered structure, donor layers alternating with anion layers, of organic conductors and superconductors based on ET and related electron-donor molecules. The salt was found to exhibit a large EPR linewidth (130 G, g=2.0045), which is much larger than those found in other organic conductors and superconductors. The large EPR linewidth may be a reflection of the three-dimensional (3D) electron delocalization, a consequence of the columnar structure of the salt. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. SIEMENS IND AUTOMAT INC,MADISON,WI 53719. RP KINI, AM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012; OI Campana, Charles/0000-0002-0495-0922 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1647 EP 1652 DI 10.1039/jm9950501647 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TA706 UT WOS:A1995TA70600023 ER PT J AU BURGIN, T MIEBACH, T HUFFMAN, JC MONTGOMERY, LK PARADIS, JA ROVIRA, C WHANGBO, MH MAGONOV, SN KHAN, SI STROUSE, CE OVERMYER, DL SCHIRBER, JE AF BURGIN, T MIEBACH, T HUFFMAN, JC MONTGOMERY, LK PARADIS, JA ROVIRA, C WHANGBO, MH MAGONOV, SN KHAN, SI STROUSE, CE OVERMYER, DL SCHIRBER, JE TI 20 K CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE, ELECTRICAL-TRANSPORT, ELECTRONIC BAND-STRUCTURE, SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY AND PRESSURE-RF IMPEDANCE STUDIES ON THE ORGANIC CONDUCTING SALT KAPPA-(BEDT-TSF)(2)CU[N(CN)(2)]BR SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID KAPPA-(ET)2X SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRANSITION-TEMPERATURE; X-RAY; ISOTOPE; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CUBR; RESISTIVITY; PHASE; BIS(ETHYLENEDITHIO)TETRASELENAFULVALENE; SUBSTITUTION; SEARCH AB The electrochemical synthesis of kappa-(BEDT-TSF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br, which is virtually isostructural (Pnma) with the 12.5 K ambient pressure superconductor kappa-(BEDT-TTF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br, has been systematically investigated. The electrical resistivity of kappa-(BEDT-TSF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br was measured in the a [rho(300) = 2(1) x 10(-2) Omega cm] and b [rho(300) = 1.7(0.7) x 10(1) Omega cm] crystallographic directions. The resistivity decreased monotonically from 300 to 4 K following a T-2 relationship, but a superconducting state was never achieved. Tight-binding band calculations showed that the Fermi surface of kappa-(BEDT-TSF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br is indistinguishable from the BEDT-TTF analogue. STM images were obtained of both the radical cation and the polymeric anion layers. The images were in agreement with partial electron density plots. A 20 K X-ray structure of K-(BEDT-TSF)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br was obtained and is discussed in detail. One of the BEDT-TSF ethylenedithio groups was still disordered at 20 K; this may have been responsible for the failure to observe superconductivity. Isotropic pressures up to 5 kbar did not induce superconductivity. C1 INDIANA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,RALEIGH,NC 27695. UNIV FREIBURG,MAT RES CTR,D-79104 FREIBURG,GERMANY. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RI Rovira, Carme/K-5195-2014 OI Rovira, Carme/0000-0003-1477-5010 NR 58 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0959-9428 J9 J MATER CHEM JI J. Mater. Chem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 5 IS 10 BP 1659 EP 1669 DI 10.1039/jm9950501659 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TA706 UT WOS:A1995TA70600025 ER PT J AU KIM, ST BERGE, PM VERHOEVEN, JD AF KIM, ST BERGE, PM VERHOEVEN, JD TI DEFORMATION-PROCESSED COPPER-CHROMIUM ALLOYS - OPTIMIZING STRENGTH AND CONDUCTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE COPPER-CHROMIUM ALLOYS; DEFORMATION PROCESSING; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AB A developmental research program has been carried out to produce deformation-processed copper-chromium wires with optimum combinations of ultimate strength and electrical conductivity. Properties are improved by use of deformation to assist in the precipitation of chromium from solid solution. Various combinations of deformation, solution heat treatment plus quenching, and aging have been studied and an optimum processing scheme determined. Using this processing scheme, it is shown that deformation-processed Cu-7 vol% Cr wires have strength's on the order of 50% higher than commercial copper alloys available in the same conductivity range of 75 to 90 % IACS. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 5 BP 573 EP 580 DI 10.1007/BF02649589 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TF748 UT WOS:A1995TF74800008 ER PT J AU ELLIS, TW KIM, ST VERHOEVEN, JD AF ELLIS, TW KIM, ST VERHOEVEN, JD TI DEFORMATION-PROCESSED COPPER-CHROMIUM ALLOYS - ROLE OF AGE-HARDENING SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article DE AGE HARDENING; COPPER-CHROMIUM ALLOYS; DEFORMATION PROCESSING; ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY ID MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITE; STRENGTH AB A processing technique was developed previously to optimize strength and electrical conductivity in deformation-processed copper-chromium wires. It consists of deformation treatments alternated with a solution plus quench treatment and then with an aging treatment. In the present study, samples were examined by transmission electron microscopy at each stage of the optimized process to follow the evolution of microstructure. It was shown that this type of processing develops maximum reduction in size of the chromium dendrite phase without breakage and that the deformation produces a strong precipitation of the chromium from solid solution. The aging treatment does not produce an age-hardening effect. Rather, it produces precipitation of chromium on the existing chromium filaments and relieves the strain in them so that additional reduction by deformation is possible. Additional experiments on copper-niobium alloys, which are not expected to show age hardening, also support these conclusions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP ELLIS, TW (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 19 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASM INTERNATIONAL PI MATERIALS PARK PA SUBSCRIPTIONS SPECIALIST CUSTOMER SERVICE, MATERIALS PARK, OH 44073-0002 SN 1059-9495 J9 J MATER ENG PERFORM JI J. Mater. Eng. Perform. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 5 BP 581 EP 586 DI 10.1007/BF02649590 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA TF748 UT WOS:A1995TF74800009 ER PT J AU JIA, QX SONG, SG FOLTYN, SR WU, XD AF JIA, QX SONG, SG FOLTYN, SR WU, XD TI DEPOSITION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF CRYSTALLINE CONDUCTIVE RUO2 THIN-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; RUTHENIUM DIOXIDE; FATIGUE AB Highly conductive metal-oxide RuO2 thin films have been successfully grown on yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates by pulsed laser deposition. Epitaxial growth of RuO2 thin films on YSZ and the atomically sharp interface between the RuO2 and the YSZ substrate are clearly evident from cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy, A diagonal-type epitaxy of RuO2 on YSZ is confirmed from x-ray diffraction measurements. The crystalline RuO2 thin films, deposited at temperatures in the range of 500 degrees C to 700 degrees C, have a room-temperature resistivity of 35 +/- 2 mu Omega-cm, and the residual resistance ratio (R(300) (K)/R(4.2) (K)) is around 5 for the crystalline RuO2 thin films. RP JIA, QX (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 17 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 10 IS 10 BP 2401 EP 2403 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.2401 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RV891 UT WOS:A1995RV89100001 ER PT J AU CHUNG, BW BROSHA, EL GARZON, FH RAISTRICK, ID HOULTON, RJ HAWLEY, ME AF CHUNG, BW BROSHA, EL GARZON, FH RAISTRICK, ID HOULTON, RJ HAWLEY, ME TI GROWTH OF HIGHLY ORIENTED LA0.84SR0.16MNO3 PEROVSKITE FILMS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; INSITU AB We have grown thin films of La0.84Sr0.16MnO3 on SrTiO3 (100), MgO (100), CeO2 (100)/Al2O3, and (100) oriented yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates by using a 90 degrees off-axis RF magnetron sputtering deposition. X-ray diffraction analysis and ion beam channeling experiments reveal that the deposited films grow epitaxially on SrTiO3, biaxially textured on MgO, and highly textured on YSZ. Scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that the thin films possess extremely smooth surfaces. RP CHUNG, BW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chung, Brandon/G-2929-2012 NR 9 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 10 IS 10 BP 2518 EP 2522 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.2518 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RV891 UT WOS:A1995RV89100020 ER PT J AU HSUEH, CH AF HSUEH, CH TI MATRIX CRACKING WITH FRICTIONAL BRIDGING FIBERS IN CONTINUOUS FIBER CERAMIC COMPOSITES .2. CRACKING DUE TO RESIDUAL-STRESSES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID FIBER-REINFORCED COMPOSITES; MECHANICS AB Interfacial debonding and matrix cracking due to residual axial stresses have been analysed for unidirectional fibre-reinforced ceramic composites. The analytical solutions for the crack-opening displacement, the axial displacement of the composite due to interfacial debonding, and the critical residual axial stress for matrix cracking have been obtained. The solutions were then compared with those for tensile loading in the fibre direction. Three issues related to Part I, i.e. the effective fracture toughness of the composite, the critical loading stress for matrix cracking in the presence of residual stresses, and the debonded fibre length due to loading, were also addressed in the present study. RP HSUEH, CH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 19 BP 4793 EP 4800 DI 10.1007/BF01154487 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RY260 UT WOS:A1995RY26000006 ER PT J AU VIANCO, PT KILGO, AC GRANT, R AF VIANCO, PT KILGO, AC GRANT, R TI SOLID-STATE INTERMETALLIC COMPOUND LAYER GROWTH BETWEEN COPPER AND HOT DIPPED INDIUM COATINGS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB Solid state growth of intermetallic compound layers that form between hot dipped indium coatings and copper was investigated in diffusion couples aged at temperatures of 70, 100 and 135 degrees C and time periods of up to 300 days. At an annealing temperature of 70 degrees C, the metastable composition, Cu36In64, was observed at the interface. Ageing at 100 degrees C caused a dual layer structure with the Cu36In64 layer joined by a copper-rich intermetallic compound, Cu11In9, that is noted in the equilibrium phase diagram. An annealing temperature of 135 degrees C caused the eventual development of a single copper-rich intermetallic layer, Cu57In43, at the interface. Total intermetallic layer thickness was documented as a function of ageing time and temperature, exhibiting a t(1/2) dependence with an apparent activation energy of 20 kJ mol(-1). RP VIANCO, PT (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR SOLDER SCI & TECHNOL,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 19 BP 4871 EP 4878 DI 10.1007/BF01154497 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RY260 UT WOS:A1995RY26000016 ER PT J AU MOREHEAD, JJ AF MOREHEAD, JJ TI ASYMPTOTICS OF RADIAL WAVE-EQUATIONS SO JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID APPROXIMATIONS AB The Langer modification is an improvement in the WKB analysis of the radial Schrodinger equation. We derive a generalization of the Langer modification to any radial operator. For differential operators we write the modified classical symbols explicitly and show that the WKB wavefunctions with the modification have the exact limiting behavior for small radius. Unlike in the Schrodinger case, generally the modified radial analysis is not equivalent to the WKB analysis of the full problem before reduction by the spherical symmetry. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP MOREHEAD, JJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 15 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0022-2488 J9 J MATH PHYS JI J. Math. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 36 IS 10 BP 5431 EP 5452 DI 10.1063/1.531270 PG 22 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RY622 UT WOS:A1995RY62200014 ER PT J AU VOLKL, E ALLARD, LF FROST, B AF VOLKL, E ALLARD, LF FROST, B TI A SOFTWARE PACKAGE FOR THE PROCESSING AND RECONSTRUCTION OF ELECTRON HOLOGRAMS SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Conference on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science CY JUN 21-24, 1994 CL OAKLAND, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Dept, Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Argonne Natl Lab, Div Educ Programs, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temperature Mat Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, UOP Res Ctr, TMS, NO Calif Sect, TMS, Chicago Sect DE ELECTRON HOLOGRAPHY; HOLOWORKS; EFT; EXTENDED FOURIER ALGORITHM; RECONSTRUCTION; DIGITALMICROGRAPH ID RESOLUTION AB Electron holography is leaving its state of infancy and is rapidly becoming a tool for everyday use, This is due to the increasing availability of field-emission electron microscopes as well as the increasing use of slow-scan CCD cameras, which provide the linear image recording so essential to electron holography, At the same time, the continuing boost in performance of desktop computers both in hardware and in software has facilitated the handling of many of the complex reconstruction and processing tasks of electron holography, We describe here the software package 'HoloWorks(C)', recently developed at Oak Ridge National Laboratories. This package is designed for the processing of electron holograms stressing easy-to-use functions and is a plug-in module for Gatan's software DigitalMicrograph(R). RP VOLKL, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,1 BETHEL VALLEY RD,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.-Oxf. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 180 BP 39 EP 50 PN 1 PG 12 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA TB908 UT WOS:A1995TB90800006 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, AJ PACIORNIK, S KILAAS, R TANNER, LE AF SCHWARTZ, AJ PACIORNIK, S KILAAS, R TANNER, LE TI QUANTIFICATION OF THE MODULATED STRUCTURES IN TIPDCR ALLOYS SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Conference on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science CY JUN 21-24, 1994 CL OAKLAND, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Dept, Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Argonne Natl Lab, Div Educ Programs, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temperature Mat Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, UOP Res Ctr, TMS, NO Calif Sect, TMS, Chicago Sect DE ATOMIC DISPLACEMENTS; DISPLACEMENT WAVES; PEAK FINDING; MODULATIONS; MODULATED PHASES; COMMENSURATE WAVE; INCOMMENSURATE WAVE AB Ti50Pd((50-x))Cr-x beta(2) alloys (B2, CsCl-type crystal structure) have been investigated as part of an overall study of the systematics of phase transformation behaviour and also for the commercial applicability of the shape memory effect at elevated temperatures. The phase transformations are unique in the sense that electron diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of Ti50Pd(50-x)Cr-x alloys with x between 6 and 10 at.% reveal {110}(B2) modulated structures with periodicities between 3 and 4.5 planes that vary linearly with composition. Satellites along certain [110]* lying at incommensurate positions are observed in electron diffraction patterns and are consistent with transverse lattice displacements, High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) imaging usually reveals sinusoidal displacements; however, a few images appear 'banded' at three- and four-plane intervals suggesting the possibility that three- and four-plane commensurate packets combine to give the overall incommensurate satellite spacing, With the use of a newly developed technique for quantifying atomic displacements from HRTEM images, modulated phases in Ti50Pd43Cr7 and Ti50Pd42Cr8 alloys, where atoms are shifted from the cubic lattice sites by a transverse lattice displacement wave, have been studied. The real space displacements of the modulated structures were determined and compared to truly incommensurate and varying three- and four-plane wave packet combinations by examination of the goodness of lit as assessed by the correlation coefficient for a least-squares fit. In the cases of the Ti50Pd43Cr7 and Ti50Pd42Cr8 alloys, the incommensurate sine wave exhibited much better matching than the commensurate packets, indicating that these modulations are probably incommensurate. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SCHWARTZ, AJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Paciornik, Sidnei/E-4939-2012 OI Paciornik, Sidnei/0000-0001-6520-2007 NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.-Oxf. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 180 BP 51 EP 60 PN 1 PG 10 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA TB908 UT WOS:A1995TB90800007 ER PT J AU XIAO, SQ JOHNSON, E HINDERBERGER, S JOHANSEN, A BOURDELLE, KK DAHMEN, U AF XIAO, SQ JOHNSON, E HINDERBERGER, S JOHANSEN, A BOURDELLE, KK DAHMEN, U TI IN-SITU HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY OBSERVATIONS OF NANOMETER-SIZED PB INCLUSIONS IN AL NEAR THEIR MELTING-POINT SO JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY-OXFORD LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th Conference on Frontiers of Electron Microscopy in Materials Science CY JUN 21-24, 1994 CL OAKLAND, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Chem & Mat Sci Dept, Argonne Natl Lab, Mat Sci Div, Electron Microscopy Ctr, Argonne Natl Lab, Div Educ Programs, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, High Temperature Mat Lab, Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Natl Ctr Electron Microscopy, UOP Res Ctr, TMS, NO Calif Sect, TMS, Chicago Sect DE NANOMETER-SIZED PB INCLUSIONS IN AL; IN-SITU HREM OBSERVATION; MELTING SOLIDIFICATION; SHAPE CHANGE ID ALUMINUM; SOLIDIFICATION; BEHAVIOR; KRYPTON; GROWTH; MATRIX C1 NIELS BOHR INST,OERSTED LAB,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP XIAO, SQ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 17 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0022-2720 J9 J MICROSC-OXFORD JI J. Microsc.-Oxf. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 180 BP 61 EP 69 PN 1 PG 9 WC Microscopy SC Microscopy GA TB908 UT WOS:A1995TB90800008 ER PT J AU MILONNI, PW AF MILONNI, PW TI FIELD QUANTIZATION AND RADIATIVE PROCESSES IN DISPERSIVE DIELECTRIC MEDIA SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SPONTANEOUS EMISSION AB The electromagnetic field in a dispersive dielectric medium is quantized in a straightforward manner based on the classical expression for the field energy away from absorption resonances. Results for spontaneous and stimulated radiative rates, and absorption and gain coefficients, are obtained and compared with other expressions in the literature. Local field corrections, when they exist, are included. A level shift for an atom in a host dielectric medium is obtained and interpreted as the van der Waals interaction between that atom and its neighbours in the host medium. RP MILONNI, PW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 33 TC 95 Z9 97 U1 1 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 42 IS 10 BP 1991 EP 2004 DI 10.1080/09500349514551741 PG 14 WC Optics SC Optics GA RX120 UT WOS:A1995RX12000005 ER PT J AU CHANG, BC SEARS, TJ AF CHANG, BC SEARS, TJ TI ROTATIONALLY RESOLVED NEAR-INFRARED SPECTRUM OF THE HCCL (A)OVER-TILDE(1) A''[-X(1)A' TRANSITION SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID LASER EXCITATION SPECTROSCOPY; HCF AB Near-infrared spectra of the HCCl ($) over tilde A(1) ($) over tilde A ''(0,1,0) <-- ($) over tilde X(1)A'(0,0,0) and ($) over tilde A(1)A ''(0,0,1) <-- ($) over tilde X(1)A'(0,0,0) transitions between 13 100 and 13 330 cm(-1) were obtained at Doppler-limited resolution using a combination of frequency-modulation (FM) and transient absorption techniques. For the ($) over tilde A(0,1,0) <-- ($) over tilde X(0,0,0) vibronic band, we have rotationally resolved and assigned five subbands (K-a = 0 <-- 1, 1 <-- 0, 1 <-- 2, 2 <-- 1, and 2 <-- 3) of (HCCl)-Cl-35 and the K-a = 0 <-- 1 subband of (HCCl)-Cl-37. The rotational structure of the ($) over tilde A(0,1,0) level shows strong perturbations. Both random perturbations and anomalous K-type doublings were observed. A detailed analysis qualitatively reveals the roles of the Renner-Teller effect and spin-orbit interaction in perturbation mechanisms. In addition, the ($) over tilde A(0,0,1) <-- ($) over tilde X(0,0,0) transition was observed for the first time. The determined C-Cl stretching frequency in the A state indicates an increase of 20% on electronic excitation and is consistent with the determined C-Cl bond shortening. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP CHANG, BC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154 NR 13 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 173 IS 2 BP 391 EP 403 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1995.1243 PG 13 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA RY595 UT WOS:A1995RY59500006 ER PT J AU XU, SL MCDOWELL, RS SHARPE, SW KROHN, BJ AF XU, SL MCDOWELL, RS SHARPE, SW KROHN, BJ TI ROVIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY OF (CCL4)-CL-35 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID DIODE-LASER SPECTROSCOPY; SPHERICAL-TOP MOLECULES; HIGH-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY; NU-2 + NU-4; FORCE-FIELD; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; INFRARED BANDS; RAMAN-SPECTRA; 2-NU-4 BANDS; CONSTANTS AB High-resolution rotationally resolved infrared spectra of the spherical-top rotor (CCl4)-Cl-35 (in samples of natural isotopic composition) were obtained both in static cells by FTIR spectroscopy (nu(4), upsilon(1) + nu(4)) and in a supersonically cooled expansion with tunable diode lasers (nu(3)). For the nu(3) fundamental at 799 cm(-1), quantum assignments were made for individual transitions from P(20) to R(24), and the partially resolved Q branch was matched with synthesized spectra. The bands nu(4) (316 cm(-1)) and nu(1) + nu(4) (774 cm(-1)) exhibit much reduced manifold splitting, and scalar fits were made to the R(24)-R(70) and P(38)-R(56) frequencies, respectively. The nu(3)/(nu lambda(1) + nu(4)) Fermi dyad yields Coriolis constants zeta(3) = 0.621 and zeta(4) = -0.145 that satisfy the harmonic sum rule, but are perturbed by the Fermi resonance and are inconsistent with intramolecular force fields previously reported based on isotope shifts in matrix spectra. The true bending-mode Coriolis constant zeta(4) = -0.414, obtained from analysis of the isolated and unperturbed nu(4) band, agrees well with the isotope shifts. CCl4 and other tetrahedral XY(4) molecules are shown to vibrate according to a simple vector-displacement normal-mode model for which zeta(3) approximate to 4/[3(m(x)/m(y)) + 4]. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP XU, SL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 173 IS 2 BP 431 EP 441 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1995.1246 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA RY595 UT WOS:A1995RY59500009 ER PT J AU JIN, P WANG, H OATIS, S HALL, GE SEARS, TJ AF JIN, P WANG, H OATIS, S HALL, GE SEARS, TJ TI VERY-LOW-TEMPERATURE INFRARED-LASER ABSORPTION-SPECTROSCOPY OF N2O, NO, AND NO2 SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID FREQUENCY-MODULATION; DIODE-LASER; CO-HE; SPECTRUM; CELL AB We have constructed an absorption cell which is cooled to close to liquid helium temperature by an open cycle refrigerator. Infrared spectra of gaseous N2O, NO, and NO2 cooled by collisions with helium buffer gas nearly to the cell wall temperature of approximately 5 K at pressures near 50 m Torr have been recorded by diode laser absorption. In the present design, the probe laser beam makes four passes through the cold sample. The enhancement of absorption line intensities is consistent with our expectations, as is the decrease in Doppler-broadened linewidths. The sample rotational temperatures were estimated by measuring relative intensities of low-J transitions. The increased resolution resulting from the linewidth reduction allows routine measurement of fine and hyperfine splittings masked at the Doppler width of an ambient temperature sample. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. RP JIN, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sears, Trevor/B-5990-2013; Hall, Gregory/D-4883-2013 OI Sears, Trevor/0000-0002-5559-0154; Hall, Gregory/0000-0002-8534-9783 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 173 IS 2 BP 442 EP 451 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1995.1247 PG 10 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA RY595 UT WOS:A1995RY59500010 ER PT J AU HECK, AJR HUO, WM ZARE, RN CHANDLER, DW AF HECK, AJR HUO, WM ZARE, RN CHANDLER, DW TI D(2)E,F-1-SIGMA(+)(G)(V'=0 AND 1)-X(1)SIGMA(+)(G)(V''=0-5) TRANSITION ENERGIES FOR J'=J''=0-26 - COMPARISON OF EXPERIMENT AND THEORY SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID ENHANCED MULTIPHOTON IONIZATION; PRODUCT ROTATIONAL DISTRIBUTIONS; INTERNAL-STATE DISTRIBUTIONS; DOUBLE-MINIMUM STATE; MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; H+D2 REACTION; GROUND-STATE; SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; INDISTINGUISHABLE NUCLEI AB The bimolecular gas-phase reaction between suprathermal atomic deuterium atoms and jet-cooled deuterium iodide, D + DI --> D-2 + I, was used to generate a wide range of rovibrationally excited deuterium molecules, D-2. Using (2 + 1) resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization spectroscopy, we measured many previously unreported E, F (1) Sigma(g)(+) (upsilon(E)' = 0 and 1, J' = J '')-X (1) Sigma(g)(+) (upsilon '' = 0-5, J '') two-photon transition energies, for rotational levels that range from J '' = 0 to 26. Experimental observation of many transitions corresponding to high rotational levels allowed the testing of higher-order molecular constants for the X(1) Sigma(g)(+) ground state as well as for the E, F (1) Sigma(g)(+) excited electronic state. Significant discrepancies were found between observed transition energies and those calculated from known molecular constants (i.e., more than a few hundred cm-(1)) for the higher rotational levels. Separately, rovibrational term values of the X(1) Sigma(g)(+) ground state and E, F Sigma(g)(+) state were calculated using ab initio methods, to provide calculated transition energies. Excellent agreement is observed between the experimental and ab initio calculated transition energies, which confirms the accuracy of the theoretical potentials. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP HECK, AJR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Zare, Richard/A-8410-2009; Heck, Albert/D-7098-2011 OI Heck, Albert/0000-0002-2405-4404 NR 47 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-2852 J9 J MOL SPECTROSC JI J. Mol. Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 173 IS 2 BP 452 EP 462 DI 10.1006/jmsp.1995.1248 PG 11 WC Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Spectroscopy SC Physics; Spectroscopy GA RY595 UT WOS:A1995RY59500011 ER PT J AU CRANDALL, RS CARLEN, MW AF CRANDALL, RS CARLEN, MW TI CONNECTION BETWEEN DANGLING-BOND RELAXATION AND METASTABILITY IN P-TYPE HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID SI-H; DEFECTS; EQUILIBRIUM AB Transient capacitance experiments on p-type hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) that show a connection between dangling bond relaxation and metastability are described. The data suggest that neutral dangling bonds are reversibly converted into metastable positive charged dangling bonds by hole trapping. These metastable positive dangling bonds reconvert to neutral dangling bonds upon annealing at elevated temperature. The annealing kinetics for this process are the same as those observed for annealing of quenched-in conductivity changes in p-type a-Si:H. RP CRANDALL, RS (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 133 EP 141 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00266-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RV917 UT WOS:A1995RV91700017 ER PT J AU FEDDERS, PA BRANZ, HM AF FEDDERS, PA BRANZ, HM TI STRUCTURAL MEMORY AND DEFECT RELAXATION SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON; DANGLING-BOND; SI; DISTRIBUTIONS AB To explain the unusual temperature- and sample-independent kinetics of transient capacitance carrier emission, a model of structural memory in a-Si:H is proposed. The rate-limiting step to carrier emission is an effectively one-dimensional random walk in configuration space where the final, activated, step of emission is very rapid. The model naturally explains the power-law emission decays as well as the scaling law that equates emission time to pulse time for a wide variety of samples and experimental conditions. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. RP FEDDERS, PA (reprint author), WASHINGTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOX 1105,1 BROOKINGS DR,ST LOUIS,MO 63130, USA. NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 142 EP 150 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00267-7 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RV917 UT WOS:A1995RV91700018 ER PT J AU VANECEK, M MAHAN, AH AF VANECEK, M MAHAN, AH TI THERMALLY-INDUCED METASTABLE DEFECT STUDIES ON HYDROGENATED AMORPHOUS-SILICON FILMS WITH DIFFERENT HYDROGEN CONTENTS SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID A-SI-H; EQUILIBRATION AB The increase in the metastable defect density in a series of a-Si:H samples deposited by the hot wire technique and which contain different bonded H contents has been examined. The equilibration temperature is found to be independent of the H content within the film, a fact which cannot be explained by a simple hydrogen glass model in which all the H within the sample is necessary for defect equilibration. When selected samples were annealed to above their deposition temperatures, they then displayed a significantly increased metastable defect density compared with their minimal as-grown values, suggesting that some type of model involving H motion may still be applicable if only a fraction of the bonded H is necessary for defect equilibration. The experimentally observed correlation between the reduced excess defect density as measured after light soaking and the reduced excess defect density as measured after thermal quenching for selected samples, which indicates that the thermally-induced and the light-induced metastable defects may have the same microscopic origin, is also noted. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RP VANECEK, M (reprint author), ACAD SCI CZECH REPUBL, INST PHYS, CUKROVARNICKA 10, CR-16200 PRAGUE 6, CZECH REPUBLIC. RI Vanecek, Milan/H-1995-2014 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 EI 1873-4812 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00270-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RV917 UT WOS:A1995RV91700021 ER PT J AU PRAKASH, SS BRINKER, CJ HURD, AJ AF PRAKASH, SS BRINKER, CJ HURD, AJ TI SILICA AEROGEL FILMS AT AMBIENT-PRESSURE SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article AB Silica films with refractive indices in the range of 1.006-1.036 (equivalent porosity 98.5-91%) have been prepared at ambient pressure by a process wherein organo-siloxane polymers are deposited on a silicon substrate by conventional dip-coating at 25 degrees C and 0.85 bar (atmospheric pressure in Albuquerque) and heating to 450 degrees C. The film thicknesses (from scanning electron microscopy) vary from 0.1 to 3.5 mu m, depending upon the dip-coating rate (0.05-1.9 cm/s) and concentration of the sol. The process was optimized by varying the dilution, aging, organic modification, heat treatment and dip-coating conditions, allowing control of film porosity in the range similar to 30-99%. Imaging ellipsometry has been used to study the evolution of film porosity and thickness in situ. It is observed that the high porosity in these films is mainly attributable to dilation or 'springback' of the film during the final stage of drying. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT CERAM SYNTH & INORGAN CHEM 1846,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT CERAM PROC SCI 1841,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RI Prakash, Sai/A-3459-2010 NR 14 TC 112 Z9 122 U1 9 U2 49 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 190 IS 3 BP 264 EP 275 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00024-0 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RX734 UT WOS:A1995RX73400011 ER PT J AU BRANZ, H FRITZSCHE, H AF BRANZ, H FRITZSCHE, H TI DEDICATION TO SILVER,MARVIN SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Item About an Individual C1 UNIV CHICAGO,JAMES FRANCK INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP BRANZ, H (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 190 IS 1-2 BP R7 EP R7 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)80031-X PG 1 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RV917 UT WOS:A1995RV91700001 ER PT J AU FINK, JK LEIBOWITZ, L AF FINK, JK LEIBOWITZ, L TI THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF ZIRCONIUM SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article AB A correlation for the thermal conductivity of zirconium as a function of temperature has been developed from a statistical analysis of zirconium thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity measurements from 1951 to present. The recommended equation for the thermal conductivity of zirconium in W m(-1) K-1 from 298 through 2000 K is: k = 8.8527 + 7.0820 x 10(-3)T + 2.5329 x 10(-6)T(2) + 2.9918 X 10(3)T(-1). One standard deviation uncertainties of this fit to the data range from 5 to 9.5%, depending on temperature. RP FINK, JK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 226 IS 1-2 BP 44 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00110-7 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TB304 UT WOS:A1995TB30400006 ER PT J AU SNEAD, LL WHITE, DP ZINKLE, SJ AF SNEAD, LL WHITE, DP ZINKLE, SJ TI INVESTIGATION OF RADIATION-INDUCED ELECTRICAL DEGRADATION IN ALUMINA UNDER ITER-RELEVANT CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID INDUCED CONDUCTIVITY; FUSION INSULATORS; IRRADIATION; BREAKDOWN; AL2O3; REACTOR AB An in-situ experiment investigating the radiation induced electrical degradation (RIED) effect in polycrystalline alumina is described. A Wesgo AL-995 polycrystalline alumina sample has been irradiated with fission neutrons to 1.4 displacements per atom (dpa) at 340-365 degrees C with no evidence of RIED. The implications of these and previous results are discussed in terms of their impact on the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER), with the conclusion that RIED will be of no consequence during the basic performance phase of the machines operation. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV MET & CERAM, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. OI Zinkle, Steven/0000-0003-2890-6915 NR 32 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 226 IS 1-2 BP 58 EP 66 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00109-3 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TB304 UT WOS:A1995TB30400008 ER PT J AU CASTRO, RG STANEK, PW ELLIOTT, KE COTTON, JD WATSON, RD AF CASTRO, RG STANEK, PW ELLIOTT, KE COTTON, JD WATSON, RD TI OPTIMIZING THE THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF VACUUM PLASMA-SPRAYED BERYLLIUM FOR FUSION APPLICATIONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID DIVERTOR; COATINGS AB Plasma-spraying of beryllium is under investigation as a potential method for coating the first wall blanket surface of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) and as a technique for regenerating damaged beryllium surfaces as a result of normal and off-normal operating events. Methods to optimize the thermal conductivity of vacuum plasma-sprayed (VPS) beryllium are currently under investigation at the Los Alamos National Laboratory's Beryllium Atomization and Thermal Spray Facility (BATSF). Studies are being conducted to evaluate the effect of the starting beryllium feedstock powder, processing parameters and resulting microstructures on the thermal conductivity of VPS beryllium. The characteristic layered microstructure, typical of plasma-sprayed deposits, contains regions of incomplete bonding between individual splat layers which can decrease the thermal conductivity through the thickness of the deposit. Impurities present in the starting beryllium feedstock powder can also influence the thermal conductivity of VPS beryllium by causing impurity striations throughout the thickness of the deposit. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DIV FUS TECHNOL, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 226 IS 1-2 BP 170 EP 177 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00095-X PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TB304 UT WOS:A1995TB30400017 ER PT J AU MILLER, GK AF MILLER, GK TI CONSIDERATIONS OF IRRADIATION-INDUCED TRANSIENT CREEP IN FUEL PARTICLE MODELING SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NP-MHTGR REACTOR; PYROCARBON; SILICON CARBIDE; TRISO COATED FUEL PARTICLES; TRANSIENT CREEP; STEADY STATE CREEP; SWELLING; MONTE CARLO METHOD; FUEL; ABAQUS; FAILURE PROBABILITY; VISCOELASTIC; FAST NEUTRON FLUENCE; WEIBULL DISTRIBUTION; GAUSS DISTRIBUTION AB An analytical assessment is made of the potential effects of irradiation-induced transient creep on the behavior of the TRISO-coated fuel particles of the New Production Modular High Temperature Gas-Cooled Reactor (NP-MHTGR). An analytical solution is presented for the three-layer particles, which includes transient creep in addition to steady-state creep behavior. The solution allows for evaluating the effects that transient creep has on individual particle stresses and for determining failure probabilities for particle batches using the Monte Carlo approach. Because experimental data needed to determine parameters for a transient component in a creep model for the pyrocarbons is not available, a range of possible parameter values were considered in the assessments. It was shown that transient creep measurably affects particle stresses early in the irradiation life of the particle. At that time, the hoop stress in the primary load bearing layer of the particle is in compression and the particle is not vulnerable to pressure vessel failure. Later in irradiation, the effects of transient creep were typically shown to be less significant. Thus, transient creep had less than an order of magnitude effect on batch failure probabilities for prototypical NP-MHTGR fuel particles and was much less significant than steady-state creep. Whether the presence of transient creep increased or decreased the particle failure probability was dependent on the specific values used for the transient creep material properties. RP MILLER, GK (reprint author), LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ATOMIC ENERGY SOC JAPAN PI TOKYO PA 1-1-13 SHIMBASHI MINATO-KU, TOKYO 105, JAPAN SN 0022-3131 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 32 IS 10 BP 989 EP 1000 PG 12 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA TF379 UT WOS:A1995TF37900005 ER PT J AU WOODWARD, PM SLEIGHT, AW VOGT, T AF WOODWARD, PM SLEIGHT, AW VOGT, T TI STRUCTURE REFINEMENT OF TRICLINIC TUNGSTEN TRIOXIDE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE OXIDES; NEUTRON SCATTERING; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; PHASE TRANSITIONS ID RIETVELD REFINEMENTS AB The thermodynamically stable form of WO3 at room temperature is triclinic. The structure of this form of WO3 was for the first time refined from neutron diffraction data. The data were obtained on a new high resolution powder diffractometer. The structure obtained appears to be somewhat more accurate than that obtained from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. Rietveld approach was used to refine the neutron powder diffraction data. Results using the software packages GSAS, Rietan and PROFIL are compared. Using GSAS, an R(wp) of 7.97 and an R(p) of 5.87 were obtained. Neutron diffraction data were also collected and analysed on a sample which was a mixture of the monoclinic and triclinic forms of WO3; Rietveld refinements of this data were stable and yielded reasonable results. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP WOODWARD, PM (reprint author), OREGON STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,GILBERT HALL 153,CORVALLIS,OR 97331, USA. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 18 TC 129 Z9 129 U1 5 U2 50 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1305 EP 1315 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00063-1 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RR956 UT WOS:A1995RR95600004 ER PT J AU HRILJAC, JA TORARDI, CC VOGT, T AF HRILJAC, JA TORARDI, CC VOGT, T TI A HIGH-RESOLUTION POWDER NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDY OF THE NOVEL LAYERED OXIDE BIMO2O7OD-CENTER-DOT-2D(2)O SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE OXIDES; NEUTRON SCATTERING; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE ID SELECTIVE OXIDATION CATALYST; SYNCHROTRON X-RAY; BISMUTH MOLYBDATE; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB High resolution powder neutron diffraction data have been collected on the deuterated analog of the layered oxide BiMo2O7OH . 2H(2)O. Analysis using the Rietveld method has provided the locations of the deuterium atoms and led to an excellent structural refinement in space group P2(1)/m with a = 6.3594(1) Angstrom, b=11.5976(1)Angstrom, c = 5.7962(1)Angstrom, and beta = 113.434(1)degrees. The model refined to give R(wp) = 6.69%, R(I) = 7.30%, and chi(2) = 2.75 for 55 variables (47 structural) and 475 reflections. The location of the deuterium atoms confirms the prediction made in a previous synchrotron X-ray study but the details are more complex than expected. A full description of the deuterium bonding is provided. C1 DUPONT CO INC, CENT RES & DEV, WILMINGTON, DE 19880 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RP HRILJAC, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3697 EI 1879-2553 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1339 EP 1343 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00067-4 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RR956 UT WOS:A1995RR95600008 ER PT J AU FISCHER, JE BENDELE, G DINNEBIER, R STEPHENS, PW LIN, CL BYKOVETZ, N ZHU, Q AF FISCHER, JE BENDELE, G DINNEBIER, R STEPHENS, PW LIN, CL BYKOVETZ, N ZHU, Q TI STRUCTURAL-ANALYSIS OF FULLERENE AND FULLERIDE SOLIDS FROM SYNCHROTRON X-RAY-POWDER DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE FULLERENES; X-RAY DIFFRACTION; CRYSTAL STRUCTURE; PHASE TRANSITIONS; SUPER CONDUCTIVITY ID C-60; C60; TRANSITION; INTERCALATION; LATTICE; RB3C60; RB-87; M3C60; NMR AB Synchrotron-based X-ray powder diffraction has proved indispensable in the study of fullerene solids, their alkali metal intercalation compounds and chemical derivatives. Here we review some recent developments to which David E. Cox has made important material and intellectual contributions, not only in advancing the held of fullerenes but in helping to train a new generation of young scientists. Topics covered include finite vacancy concentrations in superconducting phases, estimates of the vacancy formation energies from temperature-dependent phase analysis, and the effects of alkali metal intercalation on orientational states, order-disorder transitions and superconductivity. C1 UNIV PENN,RES STRUCT MATTER LAB,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT PHYS,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. TEMPLE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19122. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP FISCHER, JE (reprint author), UNIV PENN,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,3231 WALNUT ST,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104, USA. RI Dinnebier, Robert/B-5642-2015 OI Dinnebier, Robert/0000-0003-2778-2113 NR 49 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 13 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1445 EP 1457 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00082-8 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RR956 UT WOS:A1995RR95600023 ER PT J AU CRAWFORD, MK HARLOW, RL MCCARRON, EM HERRON, N FARNETH, WE DONAHUE, WJ PARKINSON, BA SCHIRBER, J AF CRAWFORD, MK HARLOW, RL MCCARRON, EM HERRON, N FARNETH, WE DONAHUE, WJ PARKINSON, BA SCHIRBER, J TI SYNCHROTRON X-RAY-POWDER DIFFRACTION STUDY OF ELECTROCHEMICALLY OXIDIZED LA2CUO4+DELTA AND LA2-XNDXCUO4+DELTA SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE SUPERCONDUCTORS; OXIDES; X-RAY DIFFRACTION; PHASE TRANSITIONS; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY ID PHASE-SEPARATION; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; OXYGEN-PRESSURE; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; OXIDATION; TEMPERATURE; LATTICE AB We report the results of synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction studies of a series of electrochemically oxidized samples of La2CuO4+delta. These materials exhibit several structural phases depending upon the value of delta, including one with a superconducting transition temperature (T-c) of 32 K, and two others with T(c)s near 45 K. The observation of two phases with such high T(c)s, which has not previously been reported, is made possible in this study by the high resolution of synchrotron X-ray diffraction. We have also made preliminary observations of several phases of composition La2-xNdxCuO4+delta, and find these materials to be single phase for large values of delta. It may be that the random potential introduced by Nd3+ substitution for La3+ serves to pin the interstitial oxygen ions and prevents the formation of ordered superstructures for high values of delta. C1 COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP CRAWFORD, MK (reprint author), DUPONT CO INC,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. NR 24 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD OCT PY 1995 VL 56 IS 10 BP 1459 EP 1469 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00083-6 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RR956 UT WOS:A1995RR95600024 ER PT J AU ZHU, SJ HAMILTON, JH LU, QH RAMAYYA, AV WANG, MG BABU, BRS GINTER, TN MA, WC DENG, JK SHI, D KORMICKI, J COLE, JD ARYAEINEJAD, R DARDENNE, YX DRIGERT, MW JOHNSON, NR LEE, IY MCGOWAN, FK TERAKOPIAN, GM OGANESSIAN, YT RASMUSSEN, JO STOYER, MA CHU, SY GREGORICH, KE MOHAR, MF PRUSSIN, S AF ZHU, SJ HAMILTON, JH LU, QH RAMAYYA, AV WANG, MG BABU, BRS GINTER, TN MA, WC DENG, JK SHI, D KORMICKI, J COLE, JD ARYAEINEJAD, R DARDENNE, YX DRIGERT, MW JOHNSON, NR LEE, IY MCGOWAN, FK TERAKOPIAN, GM OGANESSIAN, YT RASMUSSEN, JO STOYER, MA CHU, SY GREGORICH, KE MOHAR, MF PRUSSIN, S TI IDENTIFICATION OF CE-152 AND UNEXPECTED VARIATIONS IN MOMENTS OF INERTIA WITH NEUTRON NUMBER AND SPIN IN BA-142-148, CE-144-152 AND ND-146-156 SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS G-NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS LA English DT Letter ID OCTUPOLE DEFORMATION; NUCLEI AB Levels in Ce-152 are identified for the first time along with new high spin states in Ba-142-148, Ce-144-150 and Nd-150-156 from x-x, gamma-x and gamma-gamma-gamma-ray coincidence measurement in spontaneous fission of Cf-252, and Pu-242. The N = 88, 90 Ba nuclei have very nearly identical J(1) for the yrast bands (2(+) to 10(+)) and for the octupole bands (3(-) to 15(-)). The N = 92, 94 Nd nuclei have essentially identical yrast J(1) (0(+) to 16(+)). C1 TSING HUA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BEIJING 100084,PEOPLES R CHINA. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA 141980,RUSSIA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ORISE,UNISOR,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ZHU, SJ (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. NR 9 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0954-3899 J9 J PHYS G NUCL PARTIC JI J. Phys. G-Nucl. Part. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 21 IS 10 BP L75 EP L81 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA RZ576 UT WOS:A1995RZ57600001 ER PT J AU KIM, Y REE, M CHANG, T HA, CS NUNES, TL LIN, JS AF KIM, Y REE, M CHANG, T HA, CS NUNES, TL LIN, JS TI RODLIKE FLEXIBLE POLYIMIDE COMPOSITE FILMS PREPARED FROM SOLUBLE POLY(AMIC DIETHYL ESTER) PRECURSORS - MISCIBILITY, STRUCTURE, AND PROPERTIES SO JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE PART B-POLYMER PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE RODLIKE POLYIMIDE; FLEXIBLE POLYIMIDE; POLY(AMIC DIETHYL ESTER) PRECURSOR; PRECURSOR BLEND; POLYIMIDE COMPOSITE; MISCIBILITY; PHASE SEPARATION; THERMAL IMIDIZATION; IN SITU ROD-CHAIN FORMATION; MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ID PHASE-SEPARATION; VINYL ETHER); MIXTURES; POLYSTYRENE; BLENDS; EQUILIBRIUM; BEHAVIOR AB Homogeneous precursor/precursor solutions with various compositions were obtained with appreciably high solid contents in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone from soluble poly(amic diethyl ester) precursors of rodlike poly(p-phenylene biphenyltetracarboximide) (BPDA-PDA) and flexible poly(4,4'-oxydiphenylene biphenyltetracarboximide) (BPDA-ODA), which are hy drolytically more stable as well as more soluble than the corresponding poly(amic acid)s being equilibrated with the constituent monomers. Both optical microscopic and light scattering measurements showed that the dried precursor blend films and resultant polyimide composite films were optically transparent, regardless of compositions and process conditions. The composite films showed a single T-g behavior. However, for the composite of 30 wt% BPDA-PDA dispersed in the matrix of 70 wt% BPDA-ODA, a smectic crystalline-like aggregation of the BPDA-PDA component was detected on wide-angle x-ray diffraction patterns, indicative of microscopic phase separation between the two components. This phase separation was not detected on the optical microscopy, light scattering, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis because of their resolution limits: Optical microscopy has a resolution of submicrometers, whereas dynamic mechanical thermal analysis and light scattering have a resolution of ca. 50 Angstrom. Therefore, it is speculated that in the composite films BPDA-PDA and BPDA-ODA polyimide molecules have demixed on the scale of a few nanometers. The mean long periodicity, which was estimated from the small-angle x-ray scattering pattern, varied from 134 to 170 Angstrom as the content of BPDA-ODA component increased. In addition, mechanical properties of the composite films were characterized. (C) 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. C1 POHANG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,KYONGBUK 790784,SOUTH KOREA. PUSAN NATL UNIV,DEPT POLYMER SCI & ENGN,KEUMJUNG GU,PUSAN 609735,SOUTH KOREA. IBM CORP,HOPEWELL JCT,NY 12533. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Chang, Taihyun/F-5725-2013; Ree, Moonhor/F-5347-2013 NR 33 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 3 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0887-6266 J9 J POLYM SCI POL PHYS JI J. Polym. Sci. Pt. B-Polym. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 33 IS 14 BP 2075 EP 2082 DI 10.1002/polb.1995.090331409 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RV360 UT WOS:A1995RV36000009 ER PT J AU WOODALL, WH CROWDER, SV WADE, MR AF WOODALL, WH CROWDER, SV WADE, MR TI UNTITLED - DISCUSSION SO JOURNAL OF QUALITY TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Discussion ID SPC-Q-CHARTS; LONG RUNS C1 UNIV ALABAMA,APPL STAT PROGRAM,TUSCALOOSA,AL 35487. SANDIA NATL LABS,DIV STAT COMP & HUMAN FACTORS,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87122. RP WOODALL, WH (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,DEPT MANAGEMENT SCI & STAT,TUSCALOOSA,AL 35487, USA. RI Woodall, William/A-8094-2009 NR 47 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC QUALITY CONTROL-ASQC PI MILWAUKEE PA ASQC MEMBERSHIP MANAGER 611 E. WISCONSIN AVENUE, MILWAUKEE, WI 53202 SN 0022-4065 J9 J QUAL TECHNOL JI J. Qual. Technol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 27 IS 4 BP 328 EP 332 PG 5 WC Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science; Statistics & Probability SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science; Mathematics GA TB751 UT WOS:A1995TB75100008 ER PT J AU SEABORG, GT AF SEABORG, GT TI PROCEEDINGS OF THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE ON LOW-LEVEL MEASUREMENTS OF ACTINIDES AND LONG-LIVED RADIONUCLIDES IN BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES - AOMORI-CITY, JAPAN, JULY 10-15, 1994 .1. MESSAGE TO THE PARTICIPANTS OF THE CONFERENCE SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Editorial Material RP SEABORG, GT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 197 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1007/BF02040216 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TG862 UT WOS:A1995TG86200003 ER PT J AU KREY, PW KLUSEK, CS AF KREY, PW KLUSEK, CS TI SOIL SAMPLING IN COMPLEX TERRAIN SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-ARTICLES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on Low-Level Measurements of Actinides and Long-Lived Radionuclides in Biological and Environmental Samples CY JUL 10-15, 1994 CL AOMORI, JAPAN SP US DOE, Sci & Technol Agcy, Japan, Minist Int Trade & Ind, Agcy Nat Resources & Energy, Japan, Aomori Prefectural Govt, Japan AB A procedure is described for recovering a representative soil sample from complex terrain for the purpose of determining the integrated radionuclide inventory deposited in the area. The precision of the inventory estimates is shown to be +/- 10% or less for Cs-137 and Pu-239+240, and there is no statistically significant bias in the inventory estimates for the sampling location compared to the estimates made by other techniques. In complex terrains, the radiochemical composition of the soil beneath the unvegetated surfaces (desert pavement), grass, bush, and trees is shown to vary. These variations are interpreted to be due to changes in the translocation efficiency of panicles of different size from the desert pavement to the soil beneath the vegetated covers. RP KREY, PW (reprint author), US DOE,ENVIRONM MEASUREMENTS LAB,NEW YORK,NY 10014, USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH AR JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Artic. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 197 IS 1 BP 79 EP 98 DI 10.1007/BF02040223 PG 20 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TG862 UT WOS:A1995TG86200010 ER PT J AU DAI, S BEGUN, GM YOUNG, JP MAMANTOV, G AF DAI, S BEGUN, GM YOUNG, JP MAMANTOV, G TI APPLICATION OF CHEMOMETRIC METHODS IN RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPIC STUDIES OF MOLTEN-SALT SYSTEM CONTAINING MGCL2-KCL - EXPERIMENTAL-EVIDENCE FOR EXISTENCE OF MG2CL73- DIMER AND ITS RAMAN-SPECTRUM SO JOURNAL OF RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article ID RESOLUTION; MELTS AB Investigation of the Raman spectra of the molten MgCl2-KCl system by the use of factor analysis indicates that the melt is a two-component system involving equilibrium between MgCl42- and Mg2Cl73-. The pure Raman spectra corresponding to these two species are recovered from the broad features via a self-modeling method. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP DAI, S (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dai, Sheng/K-8411-2015 OI Dai, Sheng/0000-0002-8046-3931 NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0377-0486 J9 J RAMAN SPECTROSC JI J. Raman Spectrosc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 929 EP 932 DI 10.1002/jrs.1250261002 PG 4 WC Spectroscopy SC Spectroscopy GA TA099 UT WOS:A1995TA09900001 ER PT J AU Miller, DG AF Miller, DG TI The connection between Young's rule for apparent molar volumes and a Young's rule for density SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Young's rule; density; apparent volumes; binary mixing approximations; binary evaluation strategies ID MUTUAL DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; MIXED-ELECTROLYTE-SOLUTIONS; THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES; RAYLEIGH INTERFEROMETRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; UNIFIED APPROACH; 25-DEGREES-C; PREDICTION; ALGORITHM; MIXTURES AB It is shown that the Young's rule approximation for apparent molar volumes is equivalent to a Young's rule approximation for density, provided that volumetric concentrations are wed. If the densities of the constituent binary solutions are evaluated at the molar ionic strength S of the ternary solution, for example, then d(S) = y(1)d(1)(S) + y(2)d(2)(S) where the y(i) are ionic strength fractions. However if the binary solution densities d(i) are evaluated at the same total equivalent concentration E of the ternary solution, then the coefficients of d(i) become equivalent fractions, etc. A small correction term can be included to improve agreement with experiment, and the results are easily extended to multicomponent systems. This form of the density rule does not follow from Young's rule if the various quantities are in molality or other mass units. Relations among various types of apparent volumes are clarified. Three binary evaluation strategies are considered for both volume and mass units, based on evaluating binary solution densities at constant molarity, constant equivalents, and constant ionic strength. Some binary approximation examples are given for aqueous solutions. RP Miller, DG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 24 IS 10 BP 967 EP 987 DI 10.1007/BF00973516 PG 21 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA TR936 UT WOS:A1995TR93600001 ER PT J AU ZOU, QS HOU, SL CHEN, SY DOOLEN, GD AF ZOU, QS HOU, SL CHEN, SY DOOLEN, GD TI AN IMPROVED INCOMPRESSIBLE LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL FOR TIME-INDEPENDENT FLOWS SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lattice Gas 94 Meeting/5th International Conference on Discrete Models for Fluid Mechanics CY JUN 27-29, 1994 CL PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON UNIV DE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD; INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOWS; STEADY FLOWS ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION; BGK MODELS AB It is well known that the lattice Boltzmann equation method (LBE) can model the incompressible Navier-Stokes (NS) equations in the limit where density goes to a constant. In a LBE simulation, however, the density cannot be constant because pressure is equal to density times the square of sound speed, hence a compressibility error seems inevitable for the LBE to model incompressible flows. This work uses a modified equilibrium distribution and a modified velocity to construct an LBE which models time-independent (steady) incompressible flows with significantly reduced compressibility error. Computational results in 2D cavity flow and in a 2D flow with an exact solution are reported. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH ENGN,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. IBM CORP,DIV RES,TJ WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP ZOU, QS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 14 TC 105 Z9 107 U1 1 U2 15 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 48 DI 10.1007/BF02179966 PG 14 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TD432 UT WOS:A1995TD43200004 ER PT J AU NADIGA, BT AF NADIGA, BT TI AN EULER SOLVER BASED ON LOCALLY ADAPTIVE DISCRETE VELOCITIES SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE ADAPTIVE DISCRETE VELOCITIES; EULER EQUATION; KINETIC-FLUX SPLITTING; TOTAL-VARIATION DIMINUTION ID HYPERBOLIC CONSERVATION-LAWS; HYDRODYNAMICS; SCHEMES AB A new discrete-velocity model is presented to solve the three-dimensional Euler equations. The velocities in the model are of an adaptive nature-both the origin of the discrete-velocity space and the magnitudes of the discrete velocities are dependent on the local flow-and are used in a finite-volume context. The numerical implementation of the model follows the near-equilibrium flow method of Nadiga and Pullin and results in a scheme which is second order in space (in the smooth regions and between first and second order at discontinuities) and second order in time. (The three-dimensional code is included.) For one choice of the scaling between the magnitude of the discrete velocities and the local internal energy of the flow, the method reduces to a flux-splitting scheme based on characteristics. As a preliminary exercise, the result of the Sod shock-tube simulation is compared to the exact solution. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, CNLS, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 23 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-4715 EI 1572-9613 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1-2 BP 129 EP 146 DI 10.1007/BF02179972 PG 18 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TD432 UT WOS:A1995TD43200010 ER PT J AU CHEN, SY LOOKMAN, T AF CHEN, SY LOOKMAN, T TI GROWTH-KINETICS IN MULTICOMPONENT FLUIDS SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lattice Gas 94 Meeting/5th International Conference on Discrete Models for Fluid Mechanics CY JUN 27-29, 1994 CL PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON UNIV DE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHOD; GROWTH KINETICS; MULTICOMPONENT FLUIDS ID LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODEL; SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; PHASE-SEPARATION; BINARY FLUIDS; SIMULATION; MIXTURES; EQUATION; DYNAMICS AB The hydrodynamic effects on the late-stage kinetics in spinodal decomposition of multicomponent fluids are examined using a lattice Boltzmann scheme with stochastic fluctuations in the fluid and at the interface. In two dimensions, the three- and four-component immiscible fluid mixture (with a 1024(2) lattice) behaves like an off-critical binary fluid with an estimated domain growth of t(0.4+/-0.03) rather than t(1/3) as previously estimated, showing the significant influence of hydrodynamics. In three dimensions (with a 256(3) lattice), we estimate the growth as t(0.96+/-0.05) for both critical and off-critical quenches, in agreement with phenomenological theory. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV WESTERN ONTARIO,DEPT MATH APPL,LONDON,ON N6A 5B7,CANADA. RP CHEN, SY (reprint author), IBM CORP,DIV RES,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598, USA. RI Chen, Shiyi/A-3234-2010 NR 35 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1-2 BP 223 EP 235 DI 10.1007/BF02179977 PG 13 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TD432 UT WOS:A1995TD43200015 ER PT J AU ZOU, QS HOU, SL DOOLEN, GD AF ZOU, QS HOU, SL DOOLEN, GD TI ANALYTICAL SOLUTIONS OF THE LATTICE BOLTZMANN BGK MODEL SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lattice Gas 94 Meeting/5th International Conference on Discrete Models for Fluid Mechanics CY JUN 27-29, 1994 CL PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON UNIV DE LATTICE BOLTZMANN METHODS; ANALYTICAL SOLUTION; CHANNEL; FLOW; COUETTE FLOW ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION; SIMULATION; AUTOMATA AB Analytical solutions of the two-dimensional triangular and square lattice Boltzmann BGK models have been obtained for the plane Poiseuille flow and the plane Couette flow. The analytical solutions are written in terms of the characteristic velocity of the flow, the single relaxation time tau, and the lattice spacing. The analytic solutions are the exact representation of these two flows without any approximation. Using the analytical solution, it is shown that in Poiseuille flow the bounce-back boundary condition introduces an error of first order in the lattice spacing. The boundary condition used by Kadanoff et nl. in lattice gas automata to simulate Poiseuille flow is also considered for the triangular lattice Boltzmann BGK model. An analytical solution is obtained and used to show that the boundary condition introduces an error of second order in the lattice spacing. C1 KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT MATH,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. KANSAS STATE UNIV AGR & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH ENGN,MANHATTAN,KS 66506. RP ZOU, QS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 7 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1-2 BP 319 EP 334 DI 10.1007/BF02179981 PG 16 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TD432 UT WOS:A1995TD43200019 ER PT J AU SHAN, XW DOOLEN, G AF SHAN, XW DOOLEN, G TI MULTICOMPONENT LATTICE-BOLTZMANN MODEL WITH INTERPARTICLE INTERACTION SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lattice Gas 94 Meeting/5th International Conference on Discrete Models for Fluid Mechanics CY JUN 27-29, 1994 CL PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON UNIV DE LATTICE-BOLTZMANN; MULTIPHASE FLOW; DIFFUSION ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION; MISCIBLE FLUIDS; GAS AUTOMATA AB A lattice Boltzmann model for simulating fluids with multiple components and interparticle forces proposed by Shan and Chen is described in detail. Macroscopic equations governing the motion of each component are derived by using the Chapman-Enskog method. The mutual diffusivity in a binary mixture is calculated analytically and confirmed by numerical simulation. The diffusivity is generally a function of the concentrations of the two components but independent of the fluid velocity, so that the diffusion is Galilean invariant. The analytically calculated shear kinematic viscosity of this model is also confirmed numerically. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SHAN, XW (reprint author), USAF,PHILLIPS LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01731, USA. RI Shan, Xiaowen/H-2836-2013 OI Shan, Xiaowen/0000-0002-6350-9248 NR 20 TC 281 Z9 304 U1 7 U2 49 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1-2 BP 379 EP 393 DI 10.1007/BF02179985 PG 15 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TD432 UT WOS:A1995TD43200023 ER PT J AU MCNAMARA, GR GARCIA, AL ALDER, BJ AF MCNAMARA, GR GARCIA, AL ALDER, BJ TI STABILIZATION OF THERMAL LATTICE BOLTZMANN MODELS SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Lattice Gas 94 Meeting/5th International Conference on Discrete Models for Fluid Mechanics CY JUN 27-29, 1994 CL PRINCETON UNIV, PRINCETON, NJ HO PRINCETON UNIV DE LATTICE-BOLTZMANN EQUATION; HYDRODYNAMICS; BOUNDARY CONDITIONS; COMPRESSIBLE CONVECTION ID NAVIER-STOKES EQUATION; GAS AUTOMATA; SIMULATIONS; THERMOHYDRODYNAMICS; CONVECTION; DYNAMICS AB A three-dimensional thermal lattice-Boltzmann model with two relaxation times to separately control viscosity and thermal diffusion is developed. Numerical stability of the model is significantly improved using Lax-Wendroff advection to provide an adjustable time step. Good agreement with a conventional finite-difference Navier-Stokes solver is obtained in modeling compressible Rayleigh-Benard convection when boundary conditions are treated similarly. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST SCI COMP RES L416,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. SAN JOSE STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SAN JOSE,CA 95192. RP MCNAMARA, GR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 138 Z9 139 U1 3 U2 15 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 81 IS 1-2 BP 395 EP 408 DI 10.1007/BF02179986 PG 14 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TD432 UT WOS:A1995TD43200024 ER PT J AU OVCHINNIKOV, YN KRESIN, VZ AF OVCHINNIKOV, YN KRESIN, VZ TI CRITICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD IN LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT University-of-Miami Workshop on High-Temperature Superconductivity - Physical Properties and Mechanisms CY JAN 05-11, 1995 CL CORAL GABLES, FL SP USN, Off Naval Res, Univ Miami DE GAPLESSNESS; MAGNETIC IMPURITIES; H-C2 AB The nature of the dependence H-c2(T) is greatly affected by the presence of magnetic impurities and their ordering at low temperatures. The scattering leads to a change in the sign of the curvature, and consequently to an increase in the value H-c2. The theory allows one to explain recent experimental data with the overdoped cuprates which exhibits behavior that is drastically different from the conventional picture. The calculations are in excellent agreement with the data. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP OVCHINNIKOV, YN (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, KOSYGIN 2, MOSCOW 11733V, RUSSIA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 8 IS 5 BP 601 EP 602 DI 10.1007/BF00727436 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RX141 UT WOS:A1995RX14100018 ER PT J AU ZWEIG, G SHERA, CA AF ZWEIG, G SHERA, CA TI THE ORIGIN OF PERIODICITY IN THE SPECTRUM OF EVOKED OTOACOUSTIC EMISSIONS SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED ACOUSTIC EMISSIONS; BASILAR-MEMBRANE; MOSSBAUER TECHNIQUE; DISTORTION PRODUCT; NONHUMAN PRIMATE; HEARING SUBJECTS; TRAVELING WAVES; INPUT IMPEDANCE; FINE-STRUCTURE; HUMAN EAR AB Current models of evoked otoacoustic emissions explain the striking periodicity in their frequency spectra by suggesting that it originates through the reflection of forward-traveling waves by a corresponding spatial corrugation in the mechanics of the cochlea. Although measurements of primate cochlear anatomy fmd no such corrugation, they do indicate a considerable irregularity in the arrangement of outer hair cells. It is suggested that evoked emissions originate through a novel reflection mechanism, representing an analogue of Bragg scattering in nonuniform, disordered media. Forward-traveling waves reflect off random irregularities in the micromechanics of the organ of Corti. The tall, broad peak of the traveling wave defines a localized region of coherent reflection that sweeps along the organ of Corti as the frequency is varied monotonically. Coherent scattering occurs off irregularities within the peak with spatial period equal to half the wavelength of the traveling wave. The phase of the net reflected wave rotates uniformly with frequency at a rate determined by the wavelength of the traveling wave in the legion of its peak. Interference between the backward-traveling wave and the stimulus tone creates the observed spectral periodicity. Ear-canal measurements are related to cochlear mechanics by assuming that the transfer characteristics of the middle ear vary slowly with frequency compared to oscillations in the emission spectrum The relationship between cochlear mechanics at low sound levels and the frequency dependence of evoked emissions is made precise for one-dimensional models of cochlear mechanics. Measurements of basilar-membrane motion in the squirrel monkey are used to predict the spectral characteristics of their emissions. And conversely, noninvasive measurements of evoked otoacoustic emissions are used to predict the width and wavelength of the peak of the traveling wave in humans. (C) 1995 Acoustical Society of America. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP SIGNIT INC, HEARING RES LAB, POB 1020, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. FU NIDCD NIH HHS [F32 DC000108, F32-DC00108] NR 83 TC 279 Z9 286 U1 0 U2 8 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 EI 1520-8524 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 98 IS 4 BP 2018 EP 2047 DI 10.1121/1.413320 PG 30 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA RY394 UT WOS:A1995RY39400025 PM 7593924 ER PT J AU BALDWIN, DP ZAMZOW, DS DSILVA, AP AF BALDWIN, DP ZAMZOW, DS DSILVA, AP TI DETECTION LIMITS FOR HAZARDOUS AND RADIOACTIVE ELEMENTS IN AIRBORNE AEROSOLS USING INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED AIR PLASMA-ATOMIC EMISSION-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLES AB This research presents investigations into the use of inductively coupled air plasma - atomic emission spectrometry (air-plasma ICPAES) to determine the presence of inorganic contaminants in airborne aerosols. Limits of detection (LOD) in the ppm to ppb range for 19 hazardous metals and radionuclides were determined for aerosols of solutions nebulized into the air plasma. For many elements, the determined LOD surpass the threshold limit values established by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists by one to three orders of magnitude. The potential of air-plasma ICPAES for continuous on-line monitoring of airborne contaminants is discussed. RP BALDWIN, DP (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 2 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA PO BOX 2861, PITTSBURGH, PA 15230 SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 45 IS 10 BP 789 EP 791 PG 3 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA TB416 UT WOS:A1995TB41600005 ER PT J AU BREDER, K AF BREDER, K TI TIME-DEPENDENT STRENGTH DEGRADATION OF A SILICONIZED SILICON-CARBIDE DETERMINED BY DYNAMIC FATIGUE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DAMAGE-ENHANCED CREEP; PHENOMENOLOGY; BEHAVIOR; FRACTURE; ALUMINA AB Both fast-fracture strength and strength as a function of stressing rate at room temperature, 1100 degrees, and 1400 degrees C were measured for a siliconized SiC, The fast-fracture strength increased slightly from 386 MPa at room temperature to 424 MPa at 1100 degrees C and then dropped to 308 MPa at 1400 degrees C, The Weibull moduli at room temperature and 1100 degrees C were 10.8 and 7.8, respectively, whereas, at 1400 degrees C, the Weibull modulus was 2.8, The, very low Weibull modulus at 1400 degrees C was due to the existence of two exclusive flaw populations with very different characteristic strengths, The data were reanalyzed using two exclusive flaw populations, The ceramic showed no slow crack growth (SCG), as measured by dynamic fatigue at 1100 degrees C, but, at 1400 degrees C, an SCG parameter, n, of 15.5 was measured, Fractography showed SCG zones consisting of cracks grown out from silicon-rich areas. Time-to-failure predictions at given levels of failure probabilities were performed. RP BREDER, K (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 78 IS 10 BP 2680 EP 2684 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08040.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ791 UT WOS:A1995TJ79100014 ER PT J AU READEY, MJ MCCALLEN, CL AF READEY, MJ MCCALLEN, CL TI MICROSTRUCTURE, FLAW TOLERANCE, AND RELIABILITY OF CE-TZP AND Y-TZP CERAMICS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID R-CURVE BEHAVIOR; TRANSFORMATION-TOUGHENED ZIRCONIA; GRAIN-SIZE; STRENGTH VARIABILITY; FRACTURE; POLYCRYSTALS; STABILITY; TOUGHNESS; WEIBULL AB Ce-TZP and Y-TZP ceramics were heat-treated for various times and temperatures in order to vary the microstructure. Flaw tolerance was investigated using the indentation-strength test, Reliability was quantified using conventional two-parameter Weibull statistics, Some Ce-TZP specimens mere indented at slightly elevated temperatures where no transformation was observed, Results indicated that the Ce-TZP specimens were extremely ham tolerant, and showed a relatively high Weibull modulus that scaled with both R-curve behavior and ham tolerance, Y-TZP, on the other hand, with very little if any R-curve behavior or flaw tolerance, had a low Weibull modulus, The results also show that flaw history, i,e,, whether or not a transformation zone exists along the make of the crack, has a significant influence on strength, Strength was much less dependent on initial crack size when the crack had an associated transformation zone, whereas strength was highly dependent on cracks typical of natural processing defects, It is argued that the improvement in reliability, flaw tolerance, and dependence on ham history are all ramifications of pronounced R-curve behavior. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP READEY, MJ (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,GLASS & ELECTR CERAM,MS 0333,ORG 1845,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 78 IS 10 BP 2769 EP 2776 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08053.x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ791 UT WOS:A1995TJ79100027 ER PT J AU LUO, JS MERCHANT, N MARONI, VA DORRIS, SE LANAGAN, MT TANI, BS AF LUO, JS MERCHANT, N MARONI, VA DORRIS, SE LANAGAN, MT TANI, BS TI EFFECT OF LEAD LOSS AND SHEATH STRUCTURE ON PHASE-FORMATION AND ALIGNMENT IN (BI,PB)(2)SR2CA2CU3O10+DELTA/AG COMPOSITE CONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SILVER; WIRES; TAPES; SUPERCONDUCTORS; BISMUTH; FILMS AB The effects of metallic constituent evaporation and sheath structure on grain growth and alignment in silver-sheathed (Bi,Pb)(2)Sr2Ca2Cu3O10+delta (Bi-2223)/Ag composites have been investigated by inductively coupled plasma/atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP/AES), X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Specimens of Bi-2223/Ag composites fabricated by the oxide-powder-in-tube technique mere peeled (opened) lengthwise to expose the ceramic powder core, and then heat-treated in 0.075 atm of oxygen for selected temperatures and times, The results were compared with those for as-processed samples with closed silver sheaths treated under identical conditions, ICP/AES analysis indicated that lead was the only metallic element to undergo substantial evaporation during annealing of opened samples, The lead-release process in parallel with the Bi-2223 formation reaction had an activation energy of similar to 25 kJ/mol, Lead loss from the opened samples resulted in incomplete conversion to Bi-2223, The combined results show that the silver sheath effectively prevents evaporative lead loss, preserves and promotes densification, and induces texturing of the layered phases. RP LUO, JS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 22 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 78 IS 10 BP 2785 EP 2789 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08055.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ791 UT WOS:A1995TJ79100029 ER PT J AU BREDER, K TENNERY, VJ STROBEL, TM HURLEY, JP HOLOWCZAK, JE AF BREDER, K TENNERY, VJ STROBEL, TM HURLEY, JP HOLOWCZAK, JE TI STRENGTH MEASUREMENTS OF MONOLITHIC SIC AND AL2O3/SIC COMPOSITES AFTER EXPOSURE TO COAL SLAG SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID HEAT-EXCHANGER MATERIALS; OIL-MIXTURE COMBUSTION; BEHAVIOR; ASH AB Four Si-based ceramics-siliconized SIC (SiSiC), sintered alpha-SiC, and two grades of SiC-particulate-reinforced Al2O3-were exposed to a typical western coal ash with high calcium content (Wyodak) and a typical eastern coal ash rich in iron (Illinois #6) at two temperatures for 300 h in a muffle furnace, After exposure, the coupons mere cut into flexure bars and remaining strength was measured in four-point flexure at room temperature, The residual strength mas compared to the as-received strength, and the fracture originating flaws mere identified. The standard grade of the particulate-reinforced Al2O3 showed no corrosive attack under any of the exposure conditions, and a slight strength reduction mas attributed to aging effects, The three other materials showed varying degrees of strength reduction, with corresponding fracture-initiating hams being pits produced during the exposure, A general trend mas that the eastern coal seemed to cause more corrosion than the western, and that 1260 degrees C was a harsher exposure condition than 1093 degrees C. C1 UNIV N DAKOTA,ENERGY & ENVIRONM RES CTR,GRAND FORKS,ND 58202. UNITED TECHNOL RES CTR,HARTFORD,CT 06108. RP BREDER, K (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 78 IS 10 BP 2837 EP 2840 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08063.x PG 4 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ791 UT WOS:A1995TJ79100037 ER PT J AU PALS, CR NEWMAN, J AF PALS, CR NEWMAN, J TI THERMAL MODELING OF THE LITHIUM/POLYMER BATTERY .1. DISCHARGE BEHAVIOR OF A SINGLE-CELL SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLYTES AB Two models are presented to predict the thermal behavior of the lithium/polymer battery. Part I presents the one-cell model, a one-dimensional model for predicting the thermal behavior of the lithium negative electrode/solid polymer separator/insertion positive electrode cell. Part II presents the cell-stack model, a one-dimensional model that uses variable heat-generation rates calculated by the one-cell model to predict temperature profiles in cell stacks. The one-cell model, presented in Part I, is based on the model of Doyle et al.(1) with the addition of an energy balance in the form given by Bernardi et al.(2) Physical properties are allowed to vary with temperature. The model is general and can be used to simulate a wide range of polymeric separator materials, lithium salts, and composite insertion electrodes. Simulation results for the Li\PEO(15)-LiCF3SO3\TiS2 system are presented for isothermal operation at several temperatures and adiabatic operation at several discharge rates. Heat transfer to the surroundings is considered by defining a position-dependent heat-transfer coefficient for various cells in a cell stack. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PALS, CR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 19 TC 137 Z9 144 U1 5 U2 66 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3274 EP 3281 DI 10.1149/1.2049974 PG 8 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800021 ER PT J AU PALS, CR NEWMAN, J AF PALS, CR NEWMAN, J TI THERMAL MODELING OF THE LITHIUM/POLYMER BATTERY .2. TEMPERATURE PROFILES IN A CELL STACK SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB In Part I of this paper a one-dimensional model was presented that predicted the heat-generation rate, cell potential, and temperature of a cell as a function of time and state of charge for galvanostatic discharge. A position-dependent per-cell heat-transfer coefficient was introduced to predict the temperature variation within cell stacks. In Part II we present a one-dimensional model for predicting the temperature profile in a cell stack using heat-generation rates calculated by isothermal discharges of the one-cell model given in Part I. The accuracy of using heat-generation rates from isothermal discharges to estimate heat-generation rates during nonisothermal discharge is assessed. Calculations for heat-transfer to the surroundings and temperature profiles for cell stacks calculated by the cell-stack model are presented and compared to results of the one-cell model presented in Part I. Simulation results for the Li\PEO(15)-LiCF3SO3\TiS2 system are presented for discharge at the 3 h rate applicable to electric vehicle applications. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP PALS, CR (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 6 TC 91 Z9 95 U1 3 U2 40 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3282 EP 3288 DI 10.1149/1.2049975 PG 7 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800022 ER PT J AU TRAN, TD FEIKERT, JH SONG, X KINOSHITA, K AF TRAN, TD FEIKERT, JH SONG, X KINOSHITA, K TI COMMERCIAL CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS AS LITHIUM INTERCALATION ANODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GRAPHITE OXIDATION; CARBONS; INHIBITION; PHOSPHORUS AB Commercial carbonaceous materials were examined as lithium intercalation anodes in propylene carbonate (carbons) and ethylene carbonate/dimethyl carbonate (graphites) electrolytes. The reversible capacity (180-355 mAh/g) and the irreversible capacity loss (15-200% based on reversible capacity) depend on the type of binder, carbon type, morphology, and phosphorus doping concentration. A carbon-based binder was chosen for electrode fabrication, producing mechanically and chemically stable electrodes and reproducible results. Several types of graphites had capacity approaching LiC6. Petroleum fuel green cokes doped with phosphorous gave more than a 20% increase in capacity compared to undoped samples. Electrochemical characteristics are related to scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, and Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller method measurements. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP TRAN, TD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 26 TC 134 Z9 144 U1 2 U2 22 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3297 EP 3302 DI 10.1149/1.2049977 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800024 ER PT J AU ALDYKIEWICZ, AJ ISAACS, HS DAVENPORT, AJ AF ALDYKIEWICZ, AJ ISAACS, HS DAVENPORT, AJ TI THE INVESTIGATION OF CERIUM AS A CATHODIC INHIBITOR FOR ALUMINUM-COPPER ALLOYS SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PITTING CORROSION; AL; BREAKDOWN; PROBE AB In situ current density mapping, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy were used to study the effects of cerium as a corrosion inhibitor for an aluminum copper alloy (Al 2024-T4) in chloride containing solutions. It was found that cerium inhibits corrosion of this alloy by reducing the rate of the cathodic reaction. This was due to the formation of cerium-rich films over copper containing intermetallics which act as local cathodic sites. Results from tests carried out on an aluminum/copper galvanic couple, which was used to simulate the electrochemical behavior of the copper containing intermetallics, showed that corrosion inhibition was associated with the formation of a Ce-rich film over the copper in agreement with that observed for the alloy. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Davenport, Alison/J-6089-2013 OI Davenport, Alison/0000-0003-0853-515X NR 31 TC 203 Z9 212 U1 2 U2 29 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3342 EP 3350 DI 10.1149/1.2049985 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800032 ER PT J AU MCBREEN, J MUKERJEE, S AF MCBREEN, J MUKERJEE, S TI IN-SITU X-RAY-ABSORPTION STUDIES OF A PT-RU ELECTROCATALYST SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DIRECT OXIDATION; METHANOL; PLATINUM; ELECTROOXIDATION; ELECTRODES; CLUSTERS; EXAFS AB X-ray absorption studies (XAS) were done on a carbon supported Pt-Ru electrocatalyst in 1 MClO(4). Results at the Pt L(3) and L(2) edges confirmed that the Pt was alloyed with Ru and that the Ru content was about 25 atomic percent. There was a large excess of unalloyed Ru, with only about 10% of the Ru alloyed with the Pt. The Pt XAS indicated that the Ru increased the Pt d band vacancies and decreased the Pt-Pt bond distances from 2.77 Angstrom to values between 2.71 and 2.73 Angstrom. The bifunctional mechanism for methanol oxidation on Pt-Ru electrocatalysts needs to be modified to account for the effect of these electronic changes on the adsorption of H and CO residues from methanol decomposition. There are significant changes in the Pt.XAS in going from the reversible hydrogen potential to 0.24 V. This may be due to the onset of the formation of RuOH species on the alloy. Further fine tuning of the electronic structure and the electrocatalysis may be possible through the use of ternary alloys. RP MCBREEN, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT APPL SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 33 TC 196 Z9 199 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 65 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 USA SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3399 EP 3404 DI 10.1149/1.2049993 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800041 ER PT J AU GE, JS JOHNSON, DC AF GE, JS JOHNSON, DC TI ELECTROCATALYSIS OF ANODIC OXYGEN-TRANSFER REACTIONS - OXIDATION OF AMMONIA AT ANODIZED AG-PB EUTECTIC ALLOY ELECTRODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Ammonia (NH3) in alkaline media is oxidized to NO3- at anodized Ag-Pb eutectic alloy electrodes (2.4% Ag by weight). The anodic signal is diminished for pH < ca. 8, and this attenuation is attributed to the protonation of NH3 to form NP4+. Protonation of NH3 is concluded to prevent adsorption of the NH3 at silver sites in the electrode surface as the initial step in the electrocatalytic oxidation mechanism. For pH > ca. 10, the anodic signal decreases with time because of the loss of NH3 by volatilization. The heterogeneous rate constant for oxidation of NH3 to NO3- is significantly smaller than that for oxidation of ethylamine (EA) to acetaldehyde and NH3 (k(app,NH3)/k(app,EA) = similar to 0.2). Hence, NH3 is concluded to be a product of ethylamine oxidation at a rotated disk electrode whereas acetaldehyde and NO3- are the final products of the exhaustive acetald electrolysis of ethylamine. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP GE, JS (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 10 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3420 EP 3423 DI 10.1149/1.2049997 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800045 ER PT J AU KUMAR, MPS ZHANG, WL PETROV, K ROSTAMI, AA SRINIVASAN, S ADZIC, GD JOHNSON, JR REILLY, JJ LIM, HS AF KUMAR, MPS ZHANG, WL PETROV, K ROSTAMI, AA SRINIVASAN, S ADZIC, GD JOHNSON, JR REILLY, JJ LIM, HS TI EFFECT OF CE, CO, AND SN SUBSTITUTION ON GAS-PHASE AND ELECTROCHEMICAL HYDRIDING DEHYDRIDING PROPERTIES OF LANI5 SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ALUMINUM-ALLOY; CORROSION; DEGRADATION AB A number of LaNi3-based intermetallics with Ce, Sn, and Co substitutions were prepared by the are-melting technique and tested as electrodes in Ni/MH(x) batteries. Sn and Co substitution expand the unit cell and lower the plateau pressures whereas the introduction of Ce results in the reverse effects. Ce and Co substitutions result in a decrease in the storage capacity of the intermetallics. Most of the Sn substituted compounds exhibit high hydriding capacities, though they widely differ in their electrochemical behavior, viz., cycle life and rate capabilities. Two such intermetallic compounds, with different amounts of substitution, show promise with high capacities (over 300 mAh/g), even at high rates of discharge. Intermetallics with Ce, Sn, and Co retain the high capacity upon long-term cycling. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR ELECTROCHEM SYST & HYDROGEN RES,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. HUGHES AIRCRAFT CO,DIV ELECTRODYNAM,TORRANCE,CA 90505. NR 16 TC 28 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3424 EP 3428 DI 10.1149/1.2049998 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800046 ER PT J AU ADZIC, GD JOHNSON, JR REILLY, JJ MCBREEN, J MUKERJEE, S KUMAR, MPS ZHANG, W SRINIVASAN, S AF ADZIC, GD JOHNSON, JR REILLY, JJ MCBREEN, J MUKERJEE, S KUMAR, MPS ZHANG, W SRINIVASAN, S TI CERIUM CONTENT AND CYCLE LIFE OF MULTICOMPONENT AB(5) HYDRIDE ELECTRODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INHIBITORS; CORROSION; ALUMINUM AB Multicomponent AB(5) hydrides are attractive replacements for the cadmium electrode in nickel-cadmium batteries. The archetype compound of the AB(5) alloy class is LaNi5, but in a typical battery electrode mischmetal is substituted for La and Ni is substituted in part by various metals. While the effects of Ni substitution have been widely studied, relatively little effort has been focused on the effect of La substitution. Cerium is the predominant rare earth in normal mischmetal, and this paper deals with the effect on cycle life and storage capacity due to the increasing presence of Ce in the alloy series La1-xCexNi3.55Co0.75Mn0.4Al0.3. Alloys were characterized by the determination of pressure-composition relationships, molar volume of H in the hydride phase and electrode cycle life. The effects due to lattice expansion are taken into account. It was concluded that the rate of loss of electrochemical capacity per charge-discharge cycle due to electrode corrosion was significantly decreased by the presence of Ce. C1 TEXAS A&M UNIV,CTR ELECTROCHEM SYST & HYDROGEN RES,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP ADZIC, GD (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 12 TC 89 Z9 92 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3429 EP 3433 DI 10.1149/1.2049999 PG 5 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800047 ER PT J AU DOYLE, M NEWMAN, J AF DOYLE, M NEWMAN, J TI ANALYSIS OF TRANSFERENCE NUMBER MEASUREMENTS BASED ON THE POTENTIOSTATIC POLARIZATION OF SOLID POLYMER ELECTROLYTES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID STEADY-STATE CURRENT; TRANSPORT; CONDUCTIVITY; IMPEDANCE; CELLS AB Various methods developed to measure the lithium ion transference number in solid polymer electrolytes have given widely varying results. This may be explained by invalid assumptions made in the analyses of the transport experiments, such as the assumption of an ideal, dilute solution. One popular method, referred to as the steady-state current method, and based on the potentiostatic polarization of a symmetric cell, is analyzed here for a binary electrolyte under concentrated solution theory. The ratio of steady state to initial currents after the imposition of a potential step is shown to involve all the transport properties as well as the mean molar activity coefficient of the salt. This method is compared to other methods that utilize the current/voltage response of a symmetric cell, and underlying similarities in the methods are revealed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Newman, John/B-8650-2008 OI Newman, John/0000-0002-9267-4525 NR 24 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 2 U2 28 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3465 EP 3468 DI 10.1149/1.2050005 PG 4 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800053 ER PT J AU GIBBONS, DW PILLAY, G AF GIBBONS, DW PILLAY, G TI REPORT OF THE ELECTROLYTIC INDUSTRIES FOR THE YEAR 1994 SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Review C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP GIBBONS, DW (reprint author), ELTECH RES CORP, 625 EAST ST, FAIRPORT HARBOR, OH 44077 USA. NR 299 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 142 IS 10 BP 3596 EP 3611 DI 10.1149/1.2050029 PG 16 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RZ328 UT WOS:A1995RZ32800077 ER PT J AU FITTINHOFF, DN DELONG, KW TREBINO, R LADERA, CL AF FITTINHOFF, DN DELONG, KW TREBINO, R LADERA, CL TI NOISE SENSITIVITY IN FREQUENCY-RESOLVED OPTICAL-GATING MEASUREMENTS OF ULTRASHORT PULSES SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID PHASE RETRIEVAL; RECONSTRUCTION; INTENSITY AB Frequency-resolved optical gating(FROG), a technique for measuring ultrashort laser pulses, involves producing a spectrogram of the pulse and then retrieving the pulse intensity and phase with an iterative algorithm. We study how several types of noise-multiplicative, additive, and quantization--affect pulse retrieval. We define a convergence criterion and find that the algorithm converges to a reasonable pulse held, even in the presence of 10% noise. Specifically, with appropriate filtering, 1% rms retrieval error is achieved for 10% multiplicative noise, 10% additive noise, and as few as 8 bits of resolution. For additive and multiplicative noise the retrieval errors decrease roughly as the square root of the amount of noise. In addition, the background induced in the wings of the pulse by additive noise is equal to the amount of additive noise on the trace. Thus the dynamic range of the measured intensity and phase is Limited by a noise floor equal to the amount of additive noise on the trace. We also find that, for best results, a region of zero intensity should surround the nonzero region of the trace. Consequently, in the presence of additive noise, baseline subtraction is important. We also find that Fourier low-pass filtering improves pulse retrieval without introducing significant distortion, especially in high-noise cases. We show that the field errors in the temporal and the spectral domains are equal. Overall, the algorithm performs tell because the measured trace contains N-2 data points for a pulse that has only 2N degrees of freedom; FROG has built in redundancy. (C) 1995 Optical Society of America C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV SIMON BOLIVAR,DEPT FIS,CARACAS 1080A,VENEZUELA. NR 24 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 4 U2 11 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1955 EP 1967 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.12.001955 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA RZ091 UT WOS:A1995RZ09100022 ER PT J AU BIBEAU, C PAYNE, SA POWELL, HT AF BIBEAU, C PAYNE, SA POWELL, HT TI DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF THE TERMINAL LASER LEVEL LIFETIME IN NEODYMIUM-DOPED CRYSTALS AND GLASSES SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH IONS; MULTIPHONON RELAXATION; ENERGY TRANSFER; EXCITED-STATES; ND-YAG; ND-3+ AB We have measured the terminal level lifetime (tau 11/2) for the 1-mu m neodymium transition in several laser media, using a novel pump (2.41-mu m) and probe (1.06-mu m) technique. This method allows us to populate the (4)I13/2 level directly and subsequently to monitor the terminal level (4)I11/2 population as a function of time by observing the change in integrated fluoresence of the 0.88-mu m emission for each time delay between the pump and the probe pulses. We developed a computer model to analyze the data and determined the upper and lower limits for the tau 11/2 lifetime. The results for some of the materials investigated are 115-225 ps for Nd:Y3Al5O12, 250-450 ps for Nd:LG-750 (phosphate glass), 535-740 ps for Nd:LG-660 (silicate glass), 896-1900 ps for Nd:YAlO3, and 10.5-20 ns for Nd:YLiF4. In addition, we found the lifetimes to be independent of the neodymium doping concentration for the phosphate and silicate glass samples investigated. (C) 1995 Optical Society of America RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 50 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 13 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0740-3224 EI 1520-8540 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 12 IS 10 BP 1981 EP 1992 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.12.001981 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA RZ091 UT WOS:A1995RZ09100024 ER PT J AU RHODES, OE BUFORD, DJ MILLER, MS LUTZ, RS AF RHODES, OE BUFORD, DJ MILLER, MS LUTZ, RS TI GENETIC-STRUCTURE OF REINTRODUCED RIO-GRANDE WILD TURKEYS IN KANSAS SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE ELECTROPHORESIS; GENETICS; KANSAS; MELEAGRIS GALLOPAVO INTERMEDIA; REINTRODUCTION; RIO GRANDE WILD TURKEY ID POPULATIONS; DIVERSITY; BIRDS; FLOW AB We investigated genetic structure within and among wintering necks of Rio Grande wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo intermedia) to assess the importance of local individual necks to managing and conserving genetic diversity of the wild turkey. We documented genetic differences among 4 local necks of female turkeys reintroduced in south-central Kansas. We estimated that greater than or equal to 2% (P < 0.001) of the total genetic variation observed is partitioned among the 4 wintering necks sampled. Analysis of a wintering nock sampled in 1991 and 1992 indicated no change in gene frequencies between years (P = 0.65). Spatial genetic differentiation of Rio Grande turkeys may be the result of breeding tactics and occurrence of family groups on wintering areas. In this study genetic variation appeared to be conserved within necks of Rio Grande wild turkeys. C1 TEXAS TECH UNIV,DEPT RANGE & WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. RP RHODES, OE (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29801, USA. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 59 IS 4 BP 771 EP 775 DI 10.2307/3801955 PG 5 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA RY589 UT WOS:A1995RY58900018 ER PT J AU DELEHANTY, DJ TYBIE, RA DITSWORTH, MJ HOELZER, GA ORING, LW LONGMIRE, JL AF DELEHANTY, DJ TYBIE, RA DITSWORTH, MJ HOELZER, GA ORING, LW LONGMIRE, JL TI GENETIC AND MORPHOLOGICAL METHODS FOR GENDER IDENTIFICATION OF MOUNTAIN QUAIL SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE DIMORPHISM; DNA; MOUNTAIN QUAIL; OREORTYX PICTUS; PLUMAGE; SEX IDENTIFICATION ID DNA AB Mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus) breeding biology is poorly understood in part because sexes of birds cannot be readily identified. We demonstrated that presence or absence of high-molecular-weight microsatellite DNA of the repeated sequence thymine-cytosine-cytosine ([TCC],) accurately indicates mountain quail gender. Genetic methods correctly identified the sex of all 18 (12 F, 6 M) mountain quail tested. Additionally, for 30 of 31 captive mountain quail, we evaluated such morphological characteristics as plumage color of the neck, hypothesized to be associated with mountain quail gender. No single morphological characteristic (i.e., wing, tarsus, claw, and head plume length, body mass, and head width) consistently indicated gender. Despite controlling for age, stage of molt, and environmental factors among captive quail, presence or absence of olive feathers on key areas of the neck and upper breast failed to indicate gender for individuals within each sex. Three of 18 females resembled males in lacking olive feathers laterally on the upper neck. Three of 12 males resembled females in exhibiting olive feathers laterally on the lower neck. Using presence of olive feathers at the junction of pectoral and sternal feather tracts as a female-specific characteristic incorrectly indicated the gender of 3 of 30 (10.0%) quail (1 F, 2 M). C1 KINGS ROW PET HOSP,RENO,NV 89503. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,GENOM & STRUCT BIOL GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEVADA,DEPT BIOL,RENO,NV 89557. UNIV NEVADA,DEPT ENVIRONM & RESOURCE SCI,RENO,NV 89557. RP DELEHANTY, DJ (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,ECOL EVOLUT & CONSERVAT BIOL PROGRAM,1000 VALLEY RD,RENO,NV 89512, USA. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILDLIFE SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2197 SN 0022-541X J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 59 IS 4 BP 785 EP 789 DI 10.2307/3801957 PG 5 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA RY589 UT WOS:A1995RY58900020 ER PT J AU MALAGA, CA WELLER, RE BUSCHBOM, RL RAGAN, HA AF MALAGA, CA WELLER, RE BUSCHBOM, RL RAGAN, HA TI HEMATOLOGIC VALUES OF THE WILD-CAUGHT KARYOTYPE-V OWL-MONKEY (AOTUS VOCIFERANS) SO LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; TRIVIRGATUS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; INFECTION; NANCYMAI; CEBIDAE; TRIALS; VIVAX; PERU AB Blood samples from 35 wild-caught owl monkeys (Aotus vociferans, karyotype V) were analyzed to estimate reference intervals of hematologic variables for the species. Findings indicated that distributions were abnormal for leukocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes. Statistically significant sex differences, too small to be of clinical importance, were found in values for mean cell hemoglobin concentration, leukocytes, and basophils. Reference intervals for the hematologic variables were calculated by the nonparametric percentile estimation method. Comparison of hematologic reference values for wild-caught A. vociferans with those of A. nancymae revealed statistically significant differences for packed cell. volume, mean cell volume, leukocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and platelets. These differences also appeared too small to be of clinical significance. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MALAGA, CA (reprint author), UNIV PUERTO RICO, CTR ANIM RESOURCES, SAN JUAN, PR 00936 USA. NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI CORDOVA PA 70 TIMBERCREEK DR, SUITE 5, CORDOVA, TN 38018 SN 0023-6764 J9 LAB ANIM SCI JI Lab. Anim. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 45 IS 5 BP 574 EP 577 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA TB765 UT WOS:A1995TB76500019 PM 8569160 ER PT J AU MARKOVIC, NM GASTEIGER, HA ROSS, PN AF MARKOVIC, NM GASTEIGER, HA ROSS, PN TI COPPER ELECTRODEPOSITION ON PT(111) IN THE PRESENCE OF CHLORIDE AND (BI)SULFATE - ROTATING-RING PT(111) DISK ELECTRODE STUDIES SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; UNDERPOTENTIAL DEPOSITION; PLATINUM-ELECTRODES; SURFACES; ADSORPTION; CU; ELECTROSORPTION; THERMODYNAMICS; SPECTROSCOPY; COADSORPTION AB Measurements of the kinetics and the flux of copper ions to an electrode surface by means of a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE) are employed for the first time in a study of the underpotential (UPD) and overpotential (OPD) deposition of copper on a Pt(111) disk electrode. The RRD(Pt(111))E measurements presented here show definitively that, in the presence of chloride, Cu UPD is a two-stage process, both of them involving Cu deposition. The coverage of Cu and Cl after the first stage of UPD is ca. 0.58 ML (ML = monolayer). There is little or no additional adsorption of chloride ion during the initial stage of Cu UPD. The second stage of Cu UPD is primarily related to the deposition of Cu forming an essentially complete monolayer (approximate to 0.9 ML), accompanied by desorption of approximately 0.1 ML of Cl-. In pure perchloric acid, Cu electrodeposition is a slow, kinetically controlled process. The presence of either (bi)sulfate and/or chloride in the electrolyte significantly enhances the kinetics of Cu deposition. This enhancement is suggested to be related to the tendency of large anions to perturb the solvation shell of strongly hydrated Cu2+ ions. In electrolyte with 10(-2) M Cl-, Cu2+ is partially reduced to Cu+ in the vicinity of the OPD potential region due to its complexation with Cl-. The observed potential regions of stability for Cu2+, Cu+, and Cu-0 were confirmed by a thermodynamic analysis. RP MARKOVIC, NM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 37 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 1 U2 25 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD OCT PY 1995 VL 11 IS 10 BP 4098 EP 4108 DI 10.1021/la00010a075 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA TC040 UT WOS:A1995TC04000075 ER PT J AU EICHINGER, W COLLINS, N SEFECKA, R KRAYE, H AF EICHINGER, W COLLINS, N SEFECKA, R KRAYE, H TI PROGRAM INTEGRATES LIDAR DATA FOR DISPLAY SO LASER FOCUS WORLD LA English DT Article C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,HAWTHORNE,NY 10532. SANTA FE TECHNOL,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP EICHINGER, W (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,EES-5,M-S C300,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PENNWELL PUBL CO PI NASHUA PA 5TH FLOOR TEN TARA BOULEVARD, NASHUA, NH 03062-2801 SN 0740-2511 J9 LASER FOCUS WORLD JI Laser Focus World PD OCT PY 1995 VL 31 IS 10 BP S15 EP S17 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA RZ189 UT WOS:A1995RZ18900031 ER PT J AU RIEKER, TP AF RIEKER, TP TI ORGANIC LYOTROPIC LAMELLAR LIQUID-CRYSTALS SO LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article ID LAYER; FILMS AB X-ray diffraction experiments on smectic A and C forming thermotropic liquid crystals reveal that the smectic layer spacing increases with the addition of organic solvents to the host material. The rate of this increase indicates the formation of an organic lyotropic lamellar liquid crystal phase in which the solvent is intercalated between the smectic layers of the host liquid crystal. RP RIEKER, TP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0267-8292 J9 LIQ CRYST JI Liq. Cryst. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 19 IS 4 BP 497 EP 500 DI 10.1080/02678299508032011 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA TC090 UT WOS:A1995TC09000013 ER PT J AU PARSONS, RJ FORREST, S BURKS, C AF PARSONS, RJ FORREST, S BURKS, C TI GENETIC ALGORITHMS, OPERATORS, AND DNA FRAGMENT ASSEMBLY SO MACHINE LEARNING LA English DT Article DE GENETIC ALGORITHMS; DNA FRAGMENT ASSEMBLY; HUMAN GENOME PROJECT; ORDERING PROBLEMS; EDGE-RECOMBINATION CROSSOVER; BUILDING BLOCKS ID LARGE-SCALE; SEQUENCE AB We study different genetic algorithm operators for one permutation problem associated with the Human Genome Project-the assembly of DNA sequence fragments from a parent clone whose sequence is unknown into a consensus sequence corresponding to the parent sequence. The sorted-order representation, which does not require specialized operators, is compared with a more traditional permutation representation, which does require specialized operators. The two representations and their associated operators are compared on problems ranging from 2K to 34K base pairs (KB). Edge-recombination crossover used in conjunction with several specialized operators is found to perform best in these experiments; these operators solved a 10KB sequence, consisting of 177 fragments, with no manual intervention. Natural building blocks in the problem are exploited at progressively higher levels through ''macro-operators.'' This significantly improves performance. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,THEORET BIOL & BIOPHYS GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT COMP SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. NR 32 TC 42 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0885-6125 J9 MACH LEARN JI Mach. Learn. PD OCT-NOV PY 1995 VL 21 IS 1-2 BP 11 EP 33 DI 10.1023/A:1022613513712 PG 23 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA TG739 UT WOS:A1995TG73900002 ER PT J AU MILOSAVLJEVIC, A AF MILOSAVLJEVIC, A TI DISCOVERING DEPENDENCIES VIA ALGORITHMIC MUTUAL INFORMATION - A CASE-STUDY IN DNA-SEQUENCE COMPARISONS SO MACHINE LEARNING LA English DT Article DE MINIMAL LENGTH ENCODING; DNA SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; MACHINE DISCOVERY; ALGORITHMIC MUTUAL INFORMATION; ALGORITHMIC SIGNIFICANCE AB Algorithmic mutual information is a central concept in algorithmic information theory and may be measured as the difference between independent and joint minimal encoding lengths of objects; it is also a central concept in Chaitin's fascinating mathematical definition of life. We explore applicability of algorithmic mutual information as a tool for discovering dependencies in biology. In order to determine significance of discovered dependencies, we extend the newly proposed algorithmic significance method. The main theorem of the extended method states that d bits of algorithmic mutual information imply dependency at the significance level 2(-d+O(1)). We apply a heuristic version of the method to one of the main problems in DNA and protein sequence comparisons: the problem of deciding whether observed similarity between sequences should be explained by their relatedness or by the mere presence of some shared internal structure, e.g., shared internal repetitive patterns. We take advantage of the fact that mutual information factors out sequence similarity that is due to shared internal structure and thus enables discovery of truly related sequences. In addition to providing a general framework for sequence comparisons, we also propose an efficient way to compare sequences based on their subword composition that does not require any a priori assumptions about k-tuple length. RP MILOSAVLJEVIC, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,GENOME STRUCT GRP,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0885-6125 J9 MACH LEARN JI Mach. Learn. PD OCT-NOV PY 1995 VL 21 IS 1-2 BP 35 EP 50 DI 10.1007/BF00993378 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA TG739 UT WOS:A1995TG73900003 ER PT J AU LAPEDES, AS STEEG, EW FARBER, RM AF LAPEDES, AS STEEG, EW FARBER, RM TI USE OF ADAPTIVE NETWORKS TO DEFINE HIGHLY PREDICTABLE PROTEIN SECONDARY-STRUCTURE CLASSES SO MACHINE LEARNING LA English DT Article DE PREDICTABLE CLASSES; ADAPTIVE SYSTEMS; CORRELATION; MUTUAL INFORMATION; COUPLED NETWORKS; PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; CLUSTERING ID NEURAL NETWORK; CLASSIFICATION AB We present an adaptive, neural network method that determines new classes of protein secondary structure that are significantly more predictable from local amino-acid sequence than conventional classifications. Accurate prediction of the conventional secondary-structure classes, alpha-helix, beta-strand, and coil, from primary sequence has long been an important problem in computational molecular biology, with many ramifications, including multiple-sequence alignment, prediction of functionally important regions of proteins, and prediction of tertiary structure from primary sequence. The algorithm presented here uses adaptive networks to simultaneously examine both sequence and structure data, as available from, for example, the Brookhaven Protein Database, and to determine new secondary-structure classes that can be predicted from sequence with high accuracy. These new classes have both similarities to, and differences from, conventional secondary-structure classes. They represent a new, nontrivial classification of protein secondary structure that is predictable from primary sequence. C1 SANTA FE INST,SANTA FE,NM 87501. UNIV TORONTO,DEPT COMP SCI,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A4,CANADA. RP LAPEDES, AS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,COMPLEX SYST GRP,T13,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL PI DORDRECHT PA SPUIBOULEVARD 50, PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0885-6125 J9 MACH LEARN JI Mach. Learn. PD OCT-NOV PY 1995 VL 21 IS 1-2 BP 103 EP 124 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA TG739 UT WOS:A1995TG73900006 ER PT J AU BERNARDI, RT MARTZ, H AF BERNARDI, RT MARTZ, H TI NUCLEAR WASTE DRUM CHARACTERIZATION WITH 2MEV X-RAY AND GAMMA-RAY TOMOGRAPHY SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,NDE SECT L333,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BERNARDI, RT (reprint author), BIOIMAGING RES INC,425 BARCLAY BLVD,LINCOLNSHIRE,IL 60069, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 53 IS 10 BP 1121 EP & PG 0 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA RY481 UT WOS:A1995RY48100005 ER PT J AU PAWEL, SJ AF PAWEL, SJ TI EVALUATING COATING SYSTEMS FOR LONG-TERM IMMERSION SERVICE SO MATERIALS PERFORMANCE LA English DT Article AB The static immersion of coated steel panels in various media representative of chemical and waste processes around the Oak Ridge Y-12 Plant was terminated after 16 months' exposure to evaluate coating performance and to compare with observations collected during 1-, 6-, and 11-month exposures. In each environment, coating performance varied widely, some proving unsuitable for use in the test environment (despite the recommendation of the vendor). Further, coating performance as a function of time suggests a test duration of at least several months is required to fully assess performance. The performance of many coatings, particularly in the most alkaline environment, was adversely affected by cathodic protection. RP PAWEL, SJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE Y-12 PLANT,POB 2009,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ASSN CORROSION ENG PI HOUSTON PA 1440 SOUTH CREEK DRIVE, HOUSTON, TX 77084-4906 SN 0094-1492 J9 MATER PERFORMANCE JI Mater. Perform. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 37 EP 42 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA RZ549 UT WOS:A1995RZ54900011 ER PT J AU PARANTHAMAN, M HEATHERLY, DE MARTIN, PM AF PARANTHAMAN, M HEATHERLY, DE MARTIN, PM TI PHASE EVOLUTION STUDIES OF (TLPB)(SR1.6BA0.4)CA2CU3OY SUPERCONDUCTORS SO MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN LA English DT Article DE BULK SYNTHESIS; OPTIMUM COMPOSITIONS; X-RAY ANALYSIS ID PINNING CENTERS; BULK; (TL; PB AB Optimum compositions that lead to (Tl1-xPbx)(Sr1.6Ba0.4)Ca2Cu3Ag0.4Oy (referred to as Tl,Pb-1223) phase evolution have been identified. The Tl-free precursor powders with the composition Sr1.6Ba0.4Ca2Cu3Ag0.4O7 were prepared in an aerosol flow reactor. These precursor-powders were then mixed with appropriate amounts of Tl2O3 and PbO, pressed and wrapped in a gold foil, and introduced into a furnace kept at 920 degrees C where they were held at 920 degrees C for 2 hours before being slow cooled to room temperature in 4-5 hours under flowing oxygen. X-ray data showed that single-phase Tl,Pb-1223 can be obtained in the range x = 0.3-0.5. All the samples studied were found to be superconducting. The T-c (diamagnetic onset) for Tl,Pb-1223 single phase varies from 105 K to 116 K for the as-synthesized samples. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP PARANTHAMAN, M (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0025-5408 J9 MATER RES BULL JI Mater. Res. Bull. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 30 IS 10 BP 1243 EP 1248 DI 10.1016/0025-5408(95)00115-8 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RT788 UT WOS:A1995RT78800008 ER PT J AU OLSSON, WA AF OLSSON, WA TI DEVELOPMENT OF ANISOTROPY IN THE INCREMENTAL SHEAR MODULI FOR ROCK UNDERGOING INELASTIC DEFORMATION SO MECHANICS OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE EXPERIMENTAL; LOCALIZATION; INELASTIC; ROCK; SHEAR MODULUS; CONSTITUTIVE PARAMETER; MARBLE ID SENSITIVE CIRCULAR-CYLINDER; PLANE-STRAIN TENSION; AXISYMMETRICAL TENSION; BIFURCATION PHENOMENA; COMPRESSION; MARBLE AB New experimental data on the evolution of two incremental shear moduli have been obtained for rock undergoing inelastic deformation. Changes in the incremental shear moduli during increasing axial straining probably reflect the development of a deformation-induced, anisotropic fabric resulting from accumulation of oriented damage. These incremental moduli occupy a prominent position in a constitutive equation for the plane deformation of inelastic solids that has evolved over nearly 30 years to include pressure-sensitivity, compressibility and plastic non-normality. This equation is often used in analyses of strain localization. One of the moduli, G, governs shearing parallel to the coordinate axes, and the other one, G*, governs shearing at 45 degrees to the coordinate axes. They both were measured on the loading branch of the constitutive equation. The modulus for shearing at 45 degrees was also measured on the unloading branch, where it is called G*. Though the predicted onset of strain localization for this type of constitutive model is a strong function of G*/G, there appears to have been no such data collected for rock. Experiments to obtain estimates of these incremental moduli were conducted on solid cylinders and thin-walled tubes of Tennessee marble during axisymmetric compression under fluid confining pressures of 60 MPa. All three moduli were equal to the isotropic elastic value of E/2(1 + nu) approximate to 30 GPa in the elastic range of axisymmetric compression, but then the moduli decreased with increasing axial strain up to 0.01, always with G* less than or equal to G* less than or equal to G, and the ratio G*/G decreased markedly. The decreased ratio, G*/G, allows strain localization to occur earlier in a program of axial straining than would be predicted for a similar material that did not exhibit such a change in moduli. RP OLSSON, WA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT GEOMECH,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 30 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6636 J9 MECH MATER JI Mech. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 21 IS 3 BP 231 EP 242 DI 10.1016/0167-6636(95)00012-7 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics SC Materials Science; Mechanics GA RX359 UT WOS:A1995RX35900004 ER PT J AU GRAY, GT MEYERS, MA THADHANI, NN AF GRAY, GT MEYERS, MA THADHANI, NN TI DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF MATERIALS - PROCEEDINGS OF THE SYMPOSIUM HELD DURING MATERIALS WEEK - OCTOBER 2-6, 1994 ROSEMONT, ILLINOIS .1. FOREWORD SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA. RP GRAY, GT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. RI Meyers, Marc/A-2970-2016 OI Meyers, Marc/0000-0003-1698-5396 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2492 EP 2492 DI 10.1007/BF02669406 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300001 ER PT J AU FREIM, J MCKITTRICK, J NELLIS, WJ AF FREIM, J MCKITTRICK, J NELLIS, WJ TI DENSIFICATION BEHAVIOR OF DYNAMICALLY SHOCK COMPACTED AL2O3/ZRO2 POWDERS SYNTHESIZED THROUGH RAPID SOLIDIFICATION SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Dynamic Behavior of Materials, held during Materials Week CY OCT 02-06, 1994 CL ROSEMONT, IL SP ASM MSD, Flow & Fracture Comm, TMS, Mech Met Comm ID ZRO2; TRANSFORMATION; ZIRCONIA; ALUMINA; PHASE AB The rapidly solidified alumina-zirconia eutectic contains high volume fractions of nanocrystalline t-ZrO2, which makes the material a promising precursor for the manufacturer of fracture-resistant ceramic specimens. Unfortunately, conventional powder processing and sintering techniques are inadequate for the fabrication of dense specimens using this material. We have used dynamic shock compaction to facilitate the achievement of high density specimens which retain the unique microstructure of the precursor material. In an attempt to quantify the dynamics of the microstructural evolution which occurs during the compaction process, we have investigated the effect of various particle size distributions on the densification behavior of the material during the shock compaction and postcompaction sintering cycles. The shock compaction process produced high densities (similar to 73 to 78 pet of single-crystal theoretical) by inducing a highly efficient packing of the particles. A bimodal powder distribution was also compacted and this specimen exhibited a relative density of 86.2 pet, approximately 10 pet higher that those of the unimodal compositions. In this compact, the small particles efficiently filled the interstices between the larger particles. The high density of the bimodal compact did not translate to a high sintered density, however. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,MAT SCI PROGRAM,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV H,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP FREIM, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2503 EP 2509 DI 10.1007/BF02669408 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300003 ER PT J AU VECCHIO, KS GRAY, GT AF VECCHIO, KS GRAY, GT TI SHOCK-LOADING RESPONSE OF 6061-T6 ALUMINUM METAL-MATRIX COMPOSITES SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Dynamic Behavior of Materials, held during Materials Week CY OCT 02-06, 1994 CL ROSEMONT, IL SP ASM MSD, Flow & Fracture Comm, TMS, Mech Met Comm ID PERCENT SIC COMPOSITE AB The purpose of this research was to systematically study the influence of peak-shock pressure and second-phase reinforcement on the structure/property response of shock-loaded 6061-T6 Al-alumina composites. The reload stress-strain response of monolithic 6061-T6 Al, used as a baseline for comparison, showed no increased shock hardening compared to the unshocked material deformed to an equivalent strain. The reload stress-strain response of the shock-loaded 6061-T6 Al-alumina composites exhibited a lower reload yield strength than the flow stress of the starting composites. The degree of strength loss was found to increase with increasing shock pressure. Wavespeed measurements of shock-prestrained specimens showed no degradation compared to unshocked specimens, indicating that particle cracking had not occurred under shock. This result was supported by optical metallography, which did not reveal cracked particles or particle decohesion in the shock-prestrained samples. The reload stress-strain response of the shock-prestrained composites, after resolutionizing and T6 reaging, showed that the composites recovered their full as-received preshock stress-strain responses. This result supports the finding that degradation in reload strength was attributable to matrix microstructural changes resulting from the shock. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination of the shock-loaded microstructures revealed that the matrix regions adjacent to the particle/matrix interface had undergone significant recovery and partial recrystallization resulting from the shock. This type of near-interface substructure is in stark contrast to the heavily dislocated near-interface dislocation substructure of the as-received composites. The loss of dislocation density (i.e., strain hardening) in the near-interface matrix region, resulting from the shock, highlights the importance of the thermally introduced dislocation substructure changes in establishing the strength of metal-matrix composites (MMCs). C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DEPT MAT RES & PROC SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP VECCHIO, KS (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,MAT SCI GRP,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. RI Vecchio, Kenneth/F-6300-2011 OI Vecchio, Kenneth/0000-0003-0217-6803 NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2545 EP 2553 DI 10.1007/BF02669412 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300007 ER PT J AU GRAY, GT VECCHIO, KS AF GRAY, GT VECCHIO, KS TI INFLUENCE OF PEAK PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RESPONSE OF SHOCK-LOADED TA AND TA-10W SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Dynamic Behavior of Materials, held during Materials Week CY OCT 02-06, 1994 CL ROSEMONT, IL SP ASM MSD, Flow & Fracture Comm, TMS, Mech Met Comm ID TANTALUM; DEFORMATION; COPPER AB The deformation behavior and substructure evolution of unalloyed-Ta and Ta-1OW under quasistatic conditions have been compared to their respective responses when shock prestrained to 20 GPa at 25 degrees C as well as to unalloyed-Ta shocked to 7 GPa at 25 degrees C, 200 degrees C, and 400 degrees C. The reload yield behavior of shock-prestrained Ta and Ta-1OW did not exhibit enhanced shock hardening when compared to their respective quasistatic stress-strain response at an equivalent strain level. In addition, the reload yield behavior of Ta shock prestrained to 7 GPa at 200 degrees C or 400 degrees C was found to exhibit increased hardening compared to the shock prestraining at 25 degrees C. The quasistatic substructure evolution and shock-hardening responses of Ta and Ta-10W were investigated via transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The dislocation substructures in both materials and at each strain rate condition and temperature were similar and consisted primarily of long, straight, (a/2) [111] type screw dislocations. The propensity for long, straight screw dislocations, irrespective of the loading condition, supports the theory of strong Peierls stress control on defect generation and defect storage. The substructure evolution and mechanical behavior of Ta and Ta-10W are discussed in terms of defect storage mechanisms and compared to the mechanisms operative in face-centered cubic (fcc) metals. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT APPL MECH & ENGN SCI,MAT SCI GRP,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP GRAY, GT (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Vecchio, Kenneth/F-6300-2011 OI Vecchio, Kenneth/0000-0003-0217-6803 NR 46 TC 73 Z9 74 U1 1 U2 9 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2555 EP 2563 DI 10.1007/BF02669413 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300008 ER PT J AU KORTH, GE WILLIAMSON, RL AF KORTH, GE WILLIAMSON, RL TI DYNAMIC CONSOLIDATION OF METASTABLE NANOCRYSTALLINE POWDERS SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Dynamic Behavior of Materials, held during Materials Week CY OCT 02-06, 1994 CL ROSEMONT, IL SP ASM MSD, Flow & Fracture Comm, TMS, Mech Met Comm AB Nanocrystalline metal powders synthesized by mechanical alloying in a ball mill resulted in micron-sized powder particles with a nanosized (5 to 25 nm) substructure. Conventional consolidation methods resulted in considerable coarsening of the metastable nanometer crystallites, but dynamic consolidation of these powders using explosive techniques produced fully dense monoliths while retaining the 5- to 25-nm substructure. Numerical modeling, used to guide the experimental phase, revealed that the compression wave necessary for suitable consolidation was of the order of 10 GPa for a few tenths of a microsecond. The consolidation process is described, and the retention of the metastable nanostructure is illustrated. RP KORTH, GE (reprint author), LOCKHEAD IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. OI Williamson, Richard/0000-0001-7734-3632 NR 21 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2571 EP 2578 DI 10.1007/BF02669415 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300010 ER PT J AU SONG, SG GRAY, GT AF SONG, SG GRAY, GT TI INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE AND STRAIN-RATE ON SLIP AND TWINNING BEHAVIOR OF ZR SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; ZIRCONIUM AB The stress-strain behavior of pure Zr was studied systematically at various temperatures and strain rates. At 76 K, Zr deforms predominantly by twinning, whereas above room temperature (RT), slip is the controlling deformation mode. A transition in the rate-controlling deformation mode from slip to twinning has been observed to occur at intermediate temperatures during the course of plastic deformation. Above 373 K, slip dominates the entire course of deformation. The transition from slip to twinning in the stress-strain behavior is linked to differing strain-hardening rates and temperature sensitivities of the two deformation modes. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MAT RES & PROC SCI GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 27 TC 114 Z9 119 U1 2 U2 32 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1073-5623 EI 1543-1940 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2665 EP 2675 DI 10.1007/BF02669423 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300018 ER PT J AU ALMAN, DE DOGAN, CP AF ALMAN, DE DOGAN, CP TI INTERMETALLIC SHEETS SYNTHESIZED FROM ELEMENTAL TI, AL, AND NB FOILS SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Note RP ALMAN, DE (reprint author), US BUR MINES,ALBANY RES CTR,DIV MAT SCI,ALBANY,OR 97321, USA. NR 11 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 26 IS 10 BP 2759 EP 2762 DI 10.1007/BF02669433 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RY683 UT WOS:A1995RY68300028 ER PT J AU Pozzi, G Bonevich, JE Harada, K Kasai, H Matsuda, T Yoshida, T Tonomura, A AF Pozzi, G Bonevich, JE Harada, K Kasai, H Matsuda, T Yoshida, T Tonomura, A TI Application of one-dimensional analytical models for the interpretation of observations of superconducting fluxons SO MICROSCOPY MICROANALYSIS MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Microstructural and Microanalytical Techniques in Materials Science CY FEB 23-24, 1995 CL LECCE, ITALY SP Italian Soc Electron Microscopy ID ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; VORTEX LATTICES AB In order to extract quantitative information from the two-dimensional images of superconducting fluxons observed in thin tilted specimens by means of holographic or out-of-focus methods, one-dimensional line scans are taken and compared with the theoretical predictions. In particular, the trend of the reconstructed phase across the fluxon core, or the intensity distribution of its out-of-focus image have a strong similarity with those calculated by means of previous one-dimensional models, where the fluxon was considered lying perpendicular to the electron beam. This work exploits this analogy showing that, in spite of the different geometry, suitably modified one-dimensional models can be usefully applied for the interpretation of the experimental results and the analysis of the experimental conditions as well as for the assessment of new methods, like f.i. the one proposed for discriminating between London and Clem models. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS MAT,I-40127 BOLOGNA,ITALY. HITACHI LTD,ADV RES LAB,HATOYAMA,SAITAMA 35003,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP Pozzi, G (reprint author), UNIV BOLOGNA,DEPT PHYS,VIALE B PICHAT 6,I-40127 BOLOGNA,ITALY. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1154-2799 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL M JI Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. PD OCT-DEC PY 1995 VL 6 IS 5-6 BP 559 EP 572 DI 10.1051/mmm:1995148 PG 14 WC Microscopy; Spectroscopy SC Microscopy; Spectroscopy GA TN746 UT WOS:A1995TN74600016 ER PT J AU JAMES, GH CARNE, TG LAUFFER, JP AF JAMES, GH CARNE, TG LAUFFER, JP TI THE NATURAL EXCITATION TECHNIQUE (NEXT) FOR MODAL PARAMETER EXTRACTION FROM OPERATING STRUCTURES SO MODAL ANALYSIS-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MODAL ANALYSIS LA English DT Article ID MODEL AB The Natural Excitation Technique (NExT) is a method of modal testing that allows structures to be tested in their ambient environments. This paper contains developments and results since 1990, and a new theoretical derivation of NExT, as well as a verification using analytically generated data. In addition, results from NExT are compared with conventional modal testing for a parked, vertical-axis wind turbine. Also, for a rotating turbine, NExT is used to calculate the modal parameters as functions of the rotation speed, since substantial damping is derived from the aeroelastic interactions during operation. Finally, experimental results calculated using NExT are compared with analytical predictions of damping using aeroelastic theory. RP JAMES, GH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT EXPTL STRUCT DYNAM,TECH STAFF,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 37 TC 179 Z9 189 U1 7 U2 40 PU SOC EXPERIMENTAL MECHANICS PI BETHEL PA 7 SCHOOL STREET, BETHEL, CT 06801 SN 1066-0763 J9 MODAL ANAL JI Modal Anal.-Int. J. Analyt. Exp. Modal Anal. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 10 IS 4 BP 260 EP 277 PG 18 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA TH935 UT WOS:A1995TH93500004 ER PT J AU SEIDLER, RJ FREDRICKSON, JK AF SEIDLER, RJ FREDRICKSON, JK TI INTRODUCTION TO THE SPECIAL ISSUE ON MOLECULAR MICROBIAL ECOLOGY SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP SEIDLER, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, 200 SW 35TH ST, CORVALLIS, OR 97333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 5 BP 533 EP 534 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00253.x PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA TC430 UT WOS:A1995TC43000001 ER PT J AU BROCKMAN, FJ AF BROCKMAN, FJ TI NUCLEIC-ACID-BASED METHODS FOR MONITORING THE PERFORMANCE OF IN-SITU BIOREMEDIATION SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE BIOREMEDIATION; DNA; ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY; HYBRIDIZATION; PCR; RNA ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; 2,4-DICHLOROPHENOXYACETIC ACID; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; GENE PROBE; DNA; SOIL; BACTERIA; AMPLIFICATION; POPULATIONS; 2-HYDROXYBENZOATE AB Over the last decade, major advancements have occurred in the application of nucleic acid-based methods to detect and determine the levels of catabolic genes in environmental samples. Studies have focused on validating methods in microcosms, studying changes in the structure and expression of microbial communities in response to contaminants, and improving the sensitivity of the methods. Only in the last few years have these methods transitioned from development and validation to efforts to apply these methods for monitoring in situ bioremediation. Methods that analyse nucleic acids extracted from environmental samples are of value to bioremediation because they allow analysis independent of the artefacts that can arise from laboratory biodegradative potential assays and laboratory culture-based enumerations and from the inability to culture a large proportion of the micro-organisms in the environment. In theory, these methods enable a more comprehensive perspective, and a more defensible interpretation, of the microbial community response to intrinsic and engineered bioremediation processes. Results from the first studies applying nucleic-acid-based methods to intrinsic or engineered bioremediation indicate that these methods have both potential and limitations. The rapidly increasing number of cloned and sequenced catabolic genes, methodological advancements such as the ability to track specific micro-organisms without prior sequence data, and the potential use of bioaugmentation in the field suggest that the utility of these methods for in situ bioremediation will increase in the coming years. RP BROCKMAN, FJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MICROBIOL GRP, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 5 BP 567 EP 578 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00257.x PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA TC430 UT WOS:A1995TC43000005 ER PT J AU FREDRICKSON, JK MCKINLEY, JP NIERZWICKIBAUER, SA WHITE, DC RINGELBERG, DB RAWSON, SA LI, SM BROCKMAN, FJ BJORNSTAD, BN AF FREDRICKSON, JK MCKINLEY, JP NIERZWICKIBAUER, SA WHITE, DC RINGELBERG, DB RAWSON, SA LI, SM BROCKMAN, FJ BJORNSTAD, BN TI MICROBIAL COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND BIOGEOCHEMISTRY OF MIOCENE SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS - IMPLICATIONS FOR LONG-TERM MICROBIAL SURVIVAL SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; FE(III)-REDUCING; IN SITU HYBRIDIZATION; LIPIDS; SUBSURFACE; SULFATE-REDUCING ID ORGANIC-CARBON; COASTAL-PLAIN; DEEP; BACTERIA; REDUCTION; PROBES; MICROORGANISM; GEOCHEMISTRY; GROUNDWATERS; METABOLISM AB Thirty closely spaced cores were obtained from Miocene-aged fluvial, lacustrine and palaeosol subsurface sediments ranging in depth from 173 to 197 m at a site in southcentral Washington to investigate the size and composition of the microbial community in relation to sediment geochemical and geophysical properties. Total phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis indicated that the greatest concentrations of microbial biomass were in low-permeability lacustrine sediments that also contained high concentrations of organic carbon. Community structure, based on lipid analyses and on in situ hybridization of bacterial cells with 16S RNA-directed DNA probes, also revealed the presence of metabolically active bacteria that respire sulphate and/or Fe(III) in the lacustrine sediments. Concentrations of pore water sulphate were low (4-8 mg/L) and HCl-extractable Fe was predominantly Fe(II) in the same samples where total biomass and organic carbon were highest. The low hydraulic conductivity (10(-6) to < 10(-9) cm/s) of these sediments has likely contributed to the long term maintenance of both bacteria and organic carbon by limiting the supply of soluble electron accepters for microbial respiration. These results suggest that the current subsurface microbial population was derived from organisms that were present during lake sedimentation approximate to 6-8 million years ago. C1 RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST, DEPT BIOL, TROY, NY 12180 USA. UNIV TENNESSEE, CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL, KNOXVILLE, TN 37932 USA. RP FREDRICKSON, JK (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 10 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 0EL SN 0962-1083 J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 5 BP 619 EP 626 DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.1995.tb00262.x PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA TC430 UT WOS:A1995TC43000010 ER PT J AU KRISHNA, CR KLEIN, RC JONES, KW CLESCERI, NL STERN, EA AF KRISHNA, CR KLEIN, RC JONES, KW CLESCERI, NL STERN, EA TI HUMAN EXPOSURE TO TOXIC MATERIALS - THE NEW-YORK NEW-JERSEY METROPOLITAN REGION SO MOUNT SINAI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,BROOKHAVEN RENSSELAER ENVIRONM PARTNERSHIP,UPTON,NY 11973. BROOKHAVEN RENSSELAER ENVIRONM PARTNERSHIP,TROY,NY. US EPA,REG 2,NEW YORK,NY. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOUNT SINAI HOSPITAL PI NEW YORK PA BOX 1094 ONE GUSTAVE L LEVY PLACE ATTN: CIRCULATION ASST, NEW YORK, NY 10029-6574 SN 0027-2507 J9 MT SINAI J MED JI Mt. Sinai J. Med. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 62 IS 5 BP 375 EP 379 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TD103 UT WOS:A1995TD10300008 PM 7500968 ER PT J AU ROBERTO, JB AF ROBERTO, JB TI YERGIN PANEL ASSESSMENT ONENERGY R-AND-D - GOOD-NEWS FOR MATERIALS RESEARCH SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Editorial Material RP ROBERTO, JB (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 20 IS 10 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA TA140 UT WOS:A1995TA14000004 ER PT J AU KRISHNAN, KM AF KRISHNAN, KM TI MAGNETISM ON A MICROSCOPIC SCALE SO MRS BULLETIN LA English DT Article RP KRISHNAN, KM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 0 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0883-7694 J9 MRS BULL JI MRS Bull. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 20 IS 10 BP 24 EP 28 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA TA140 UT WOS:A1995TA14000006 ER PT J AU LOWE, X COLLINS, B ALLEN, J TITENKOHOLLAND, N BRENEMAN, J VANBEEK, M BISHOP, J WYROBEK, AJ AF LOWE, X COLLINS, B ALLEN, J TITENKOHOLLAND, N BRENEMAN, J VANBEEK, M BISHOP, J WYROBEK, AJ TI ANEUPLOIDIES AND MICRONUCLEI IN THE GERM-CELLS OF MALE-MICE OF ADVANCED AGE SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNAGING GENETIC INSTABILITY AND AGING LA English DT Article DE AGED MOUSE; SPERM; FISH; ANEUPLOIDY; MICRONUCLEUS; KINETOCHORE ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; MATERNAL AGE; FEMALE MICE; CHROMOSOME; FREQUENCY; MOUSE; DNA; MEN; LYMPHOCYTES; SPERMATOZOA AB The objective of this research was to determine whether the frequencies of chromosomally defective germ cells increased with age in male laboratory mice. Two types of chromosomal abnormalities were characterized: (1) testicular spermatid aneuploidy (TSA) as measured by a new method of multi-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with DNA probes specific for mouse chromosomes X, Y and 8, and (2) spermatid micronucleus (SMN) analyses using anti-kinetochore antibodies. B6C3F1 mice (aged 22.5 to 30.5 months, heavier than controls but otherwise in good health) showed significant similar to 2.0 fold increases in the aneuploidy phenotypes X-X-8, Y-Y-8, 8-8-X and 8-8-Y with the greatest effects appearing in animals aged greater than 28 months. No age effect was observed, however, in X-Y-8 hyperhaploidy. Major age-related increases were seen in Y-Y-8 and X-X-8 hyperhaploidies suggesting that advanced paternal age is associated primarily with meiosis II rather than meiosis I disjunction errors. A similar to 5 fold increase was also found in the frequency of micronucleated spermatids in aged mice when compared with young controls. All micronuclei detected in the aged animals lacked kinetochore labeling, suggesting that they either did not contain intact chromosomes or the chromosomes lacked detectable kinetochores. The findings of the TSA and SMN assays are consistent with meiotic or premeiotic effects of advanced age on germ cell chromosomes, but there were differences in the age dependencies of aneuploidy and micronuclei. In summary, advanced paternal age may be a risk factor for chromosomal abnormalities (both aneuploidy and structural abnormalities) in male germ cells. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. US EPA,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SCH PUBL HLTH,BERKELEY,CA. NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. FU NIEHS NIH HHS [YO1-ES-10203-00] NR 60 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8734 J9 MUTAT RES-DNAGING G JI Mutat. Res. DNAging Genet. Instabil. Aging PD OCT PY 1995 VL 338 IS 1-6 BP 59 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(95)00012-U PG 18 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RX779 UT WOS:A1995RX77900009 PM 7565883 ER PT J AU RAMSEY, MJ MOORE, DH BRINER, JF LEE, DA OLSEN, LA SENFT, JR TUCKER, JD AF RAMSEY, MJ MOORE, DH BRINER, JF LEE, DA OLSEN, LA SENFT, JR TUCKER, JD TI THE EFFECTS OF AGE AND LIFE-STYLE FACTORS ON THE ACCUMULATION OF CYTOGENETIC DAMAGE AS MEASURED BY CHROMOSOME PAINTING SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNAGING GENETIC INSTABILITY AND AGING LA English DT Article DE AGING; CHROMOSOME ABERRATION; CHROMOSOME PAINTING; CONTROL POPULATION ID FLUORESCENCE INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD LYMPHOCYTES; CHROMATID EXCHANGE FREQUENCIES; HUMAN-POPULATION SAMPLE; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; DNA PROBES; CULTURED LYMPHOCYTES; IONIZING-RADIATION; X-IRRADIATION; DONOR AGE AB Individual responses to the aging process are variable and are affected by genetic as well as environmental factors. Fluorescent in situ hybridization with whole chromosome probes ('chromosome painting') provides an efficient approach for detecting structural chromosome aberrations in human lymphocytes. This rapid and sensitive technique is an effective tool for quantifying chronic exposure to environmental agents which may result in an accumulation of cytogenetic damage with age. We have applied this technology to a normal, putatively unexposed, population to document the relationship between age and the accumulation of cytogenetic damage, as well as to establish a baseline frequency of stable aberrations. Using probes for chromosomes 1, 2 and 4 simultaneously, the equivalent of 1000 metaphases was scored for stable and unstable aberrations from each of 91 subjects ranging in age from newborns (umbilical cord bloods; n = 14) to adults aged 19 to 79 years. Each subject (or one parent of each newborn) completed an extensive questionnaire to identify possible lifestyle factors that may influence the frequency of cytogenetic damage. Our findings show a significant increase in stable aberrations (translocations and insertions) with age (p < 0.0001). We also observed age-related increases with dicentrics (p < 0.0001) and acentric fragments (p < 0.0001). Relative to the frequencies observed in cord bloods, the frequencies of stable aberrations, dicentrics, and acentric fragments in adults aged 50 and over were elevated 10.6-fold, 3.3-fold, and 2.9-fold, respectively. Nine variables other than age are significantly associated with the frequency of stable aberrations; these are: smoking (two variables), consumption of diet drinks and/or diet sweeteners (4 variables), exposure to asbestos or coal products (1 variable each), and having a previous major illness (1 variable). Newborns whose mothers smoked during pregnancy had a 1.5-fold increase in stable aberrations (p = 0.029). Repeat samples from a subset of the adults indicate that for most subjects there is little change in individual translocation frequencies over a period of two to three years. These results support the hypothesis that stable chromosome aberrations show a greater accumulation with age than do unstable aberrations and suggest that lifestyle factors contribute to the accumulation of cytogenetic damage. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 62 TC 219 Z9 224 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8734 J9 MUTAT RES-DNAGING G JI Mutat. Res. DNAging Genet. Instabil. Aging PD OCT PY 1995 VL 338 IS 1-6 BP 95 EP 106 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(95)00015-X PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RX779 UT WOS:A1995RX77900012 PM 7565886 ER PT J AU JONES, IM THOMAS, CB TUCKER, B THOMPSON, CL PLESHANOV, P VOROBTSOVA, I MOORE, DH AF JONES, IM THOMAS, CB TUCKER, B THOMPSON, CL PLESHANOV, P VOROBTSOVA, I MOORE, DH TI IMPACT OF AGE AND ENVIRONMENT ON SOMATIC MUTATION AT THE HPRT GENE OF T-LYMPHOCYTES IN HUMANS SO MUTATION RESEARCH-DNAGING GENETIC INSTABILITY AND AGING LA English DT Article DE SOMATIC MUTATION; AGE; HPRT; HUMAN T-LYMPHOCYTE ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MUTANT FREQUENCY; MOLECULAR ANALYSES; CLONING ASSAY; HUMAN-CELLS; INVIVO; POPULATIONS; DELETIONS; QUANTIFY; SUBSETS AB Analysis of two human populations for dependence of somatic mutation on age has revealed both similarities and differences. The studies performed employed peripheral blood lymphocytes and measured the efficiency with which these cells form clones in vitro (cloning efficiency, CE) and the frequency of cells with inactivating mutations of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (mutant frequency, MF). The people studied were between 19 and 64 years of age. In one population, composed of 78 never smokers and 140 current smokers from the United States (US), both CE and MF were dependent on age: CE declined with age(p = 0.005); MF increased 0.15 per 10(6) cells per year of age for nonsmokers (p < 0.001) and at 1.3 times that rate for smokers (p = 0.01). In the second population, 80 people of unknown smoking status from Russia, the increase in MF per year was even greater, 2.5 times that of the US nonsmokers (p = 0.001) but the dependence of CE on age was the same as for the US population (p = 0.043). Because the increase of MF of the Russians with age is 2-fold greater than that of the US smokers, the intensity of smoking and/or other environmental exposures, or the susceptibility to these exposures, must account for the difference in age dependent MF increase, not the proportion of Russians that are smokers. Differences in the lymphocyte subpopulations that survived the longer transit from Russia may have contributed to the observed differences in MF. However, overall, the mutant frequency results suggest that the Russians were chronically exposed to higher levels of agents that induce somatic mutation and that, on an age adjusted basis, the Russia population studied is at increased risk for health consequences from accumulated genetic damage. C1 NIEHS,DIV BIOMETRY & RISK ASSESSMENT,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. MOSCOW BIOL ACT SUBST INST,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. CENT INST ROENTGENOL & RADIOBIOL,ST PETERSBURG,RUSSIA. CALIF PACIFIC MED CTR,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94110. RP JONES, IM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,L-452,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA 59431]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Y01-ES-80171] NR 43 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8734 J9 MUTAT RES-DNAGING G JI Mutat. Res. DNAging Genet. Instabil. Aging PD OCT PY 1995 VL 338 IS 1-6 BP 129 EP 139 DI 10.1016/0921-8734(95)00018-2 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RX779 UT WOS:A1995RX77900015 PM 7565868 ER PT J AU JACOBSON, BS MORGAN, TL AF JACOBSON, BS MORGAN, TL TI GROWTH-RATES OF HPRT AND TK MUTANT CHO CELL-LINES SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Note DE HPRT; TK; GROWTH RATE; MUTATION; DNA DELETION; CHINESE HAMSTER OVARY ID THIOGUANINE-RESISTANT MUTANTS; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; GENE MUTATION; GAMMA-RAYS; RADIATION; LOCUS AB The growth rates of 31 X-ray-induced hypoxanthine phosphoribosyl transferase (hprt) deficient mutants of CHO-KI cells were measured. Mutants had been classified as (1) full-deletion, (2) partial deletion or rearrangement, or (3) unchanged by Southern blot analyses. No relationship between growth rate and deletion type was observed. Even where all hprt-specific bands were missing, proliferation rates in culture were normal. Additionally, in CHO-AT3-2 cells, which are heterozygous at the tk locus, no difference in growth rates between a spontaneous hprt mutant and its parent was observed, although double hprt-tk-/- mutants brew more slowly. RP JACOBSON, BS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT BIOL & CHEM, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Morgan, Thomas/J-5020-2015 OI Morgan, Thomas/0000-0003-1988-5067 NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-1218 J9 MUTAT RES-GENET TOX JI Mutat. Res.-Genet. Toxicol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 344 IS 3-4 BP 141 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0165-1218(95)90002-0 PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA TG507 UT WOS:A1995TG50700007 PM 7491132 ER PT J AU HEDDLE, JA TAO, KS SWIGER, RR TUCKER, JD AF HEDDLE, JA TAO, KS SWIGER, RR TUCKER, JD TI THE TRANSMISSION RATE OF THE LACI TRANSGENE FROM THE BIG BLUE(TM) MOUSE SO MUTATION RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE LACZ; MEIOSIS ID MICE; MUTATION; GENE AB Since transgenic mice are being used to analyze somatic and germinal mutation rates in vivo, it is of interest to know to what extent these mice are normal or abnormal in any way. During experiments designed to compare the mutational response of the transgene and an endogenous gene, Big Blue(TM) mice hemizygous for the transgene were bred to create a hybrid mouse in which the comparisons could be made. The fraction of these mice that inherited the transgene was 37% rather than the Mendelian expectation of 50%. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP HEDDLE, JA (reprint author), YORK UNIV,DEPT BIOL,TORONTO,ON M3J 1P3,CANADA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7992 J9 MUTAT RES LETT JI Mutat. Res. Lett. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 348 IS 2 BP 63 EP 66 DI 10.1016/0165-7992(95)00047-X PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA TD980 UT WOS:A1995TD98000002 PM 7477053 ER PT J AU RAMSEY, JM JACOBSON, SC KNAPP, MR AF RAMSEY, JM JACOBSON, SC KNAPP, MR TI MICROFABRICATED CHEMICAL MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS SO NATURE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID ELECTROPHORESIS; GOLD C1 CALIPER TECHNOL CORP,LA JOLLA,CA 92037. RP RAMSEY, JM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 25 TC 104 Z9 107 U1 0 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1078-8956 J9 NAT MED JI Nat. Med. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 1 IS 10 BP 1093 EP 1096 DI 10.1038/nm1095-1093 PG 4 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA RX951 UT WOS:A1995RX95100053 PM 7489369 ER PT J AU FRAUENFELDER, H AF FRAUENFELDER, H TI COMPLEXITY IN PROTEINS SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID MYOGLOBIN; DYNAMICS AB Low-temperature laser experiments provide insight into the rough energy landscape of myoglobin, strengthen the evidence for a hierarchical organization of the protein, and allow tantalizing glimpses Into the dynamics of proteins. RP FRAUENFELDER, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,MS B258,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 12 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 821 EP 823 DI 10.1038/nsb1095-821 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TD293 UT WOS:A1995TD29300004 PM 7552700 ER PT J AU TSCHAPLINSKI, TJ STEWART, DB NORBY, RJ AF TSCHAPLINSKI, TJ STEWART, DB NORBY, RJ TI INTERACTIONS BETWEEN DROUGHT AND ELEVATED CO2 ON OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT AND SOLUTE CONCENTRATIONS OF TREE SEEDLINGS SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE ACER SACCHARUM (SUGAR MAPLE), LIQUIDAMBAR STYRACIFLUA (SWEETGUM), PLATANUS OCCIDENTALIS (AMERICAN SYCAMORE), DROUGHT AND ELEVATED CO2 OSMOTIC ADJUSTMENT ID ROTATION SYCAMORE PLANTATION; ATMOSPHERIC CARBON-DIOXIDE; WATER RELATIONS; PHYSIOLOGICAL INDICATORS; NITROGEN RESPONSE; ENRICHMENT; FORESTS; STRESS AB Although drought tolerance of tree species is a critical determinant of forest composition, how elevated CO2 affects drought tolerance is uncertain. Interactions between elevated CO2 and drought on osmotic potential and osmotic adjustment of American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.), sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua L.), and sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) were investigated using l-yr-old seedlings, planted in 81 pots and grown in four open-top chambers, containing either ambient air or ambient air enriched with 300 mu mol mol(-1) CO2. A well-watered treatment with plants watered daily and a droughted treatment in which plants were subjected to a series of drought cycles were included within each chamber. Sugar maple and sweetgum seedlings completed a total of seven drying cycles, whereas sycamore seedlings, because of their greater leaf area and plant size, completed 11 cycles. The mean soil water potential at re-watering for droughted seedlings in ambient CO2 was -0.5, -0.7, and -1.8 MPa for sugar maple, sweetgum and sycamore, respectively, compared with -0.2, -0.7, and -1.2 MPa, respectively, under elevated CO2. By contrast, all well-watered plants were maintained at soil water potential >-0.1 MPa. Drought under ambient CO2 reduced osmotic potential at saturation for leaves of sycamore and sweetgum by 0.30 MPa and 0.61 MPa, respectively, but leaves of sugar maple did not display osmotic adjustment to drought. Elevated CO2 increased osmotic potential at turgor loss for leaves of sugar maple by 0.33 MPa under well-watered conditions, and 0.48 MPa under drought. This response was not evident in the other species and might be related to the rapid growth of sugar maple causing a depletion of solutes. Whereas drought reduced the total solute concentration in roots of sugar maple, primarily the result of a reduction in K, elevated CO2 did not alter the concentration of total solutes in roots of any of the three species. Elevated CO2 has differing effects on drought tolerance among tree species, and thus might alter the competitive relations between species. C1 STANFORD UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT PLANT BIOCHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP TSCHAPLINSKI, TJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Norby, Richard/C-1773-2012; OI Norby, Richard/0000-0002-0238-9828; Tschaplinski, Timothy/0000-0002-9540-6622 NR 26 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0028-646X J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 131 IS 2 BP 169 EP 177 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.1995.tb05718.x PG 9 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA TD089 UT WOS:A1995TD08900003 ER PT J AU BrownVanHoozer, SA AF BrownVanHoozer, SA TI Visual imagery and the user model applied to fuel handling at EBR-II SO NUCLEAR ENERGY-JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH NUCLEAR ENERGY SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The material presented in this paper is based on two studies involving visual display designs and the user's perspective model of a system. The studies involved a methodology known as neuro-linguistic programming (NLP), and its use in expanding design choices which included the 'comfort parameters' and 'perspective reality' of the user's model of the world. RP BrownVanHoozer, SA (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH NUCLEAR ENERGY SOC PI WESTMINSTER, LONDON PA 1-7 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINSTER, LONDON, ENGLAND SW1P 3AA SN 0140-4067 J9 NUCL ENERG-J BR NUCL JI Nucl. Energy-J. Br. Nucl. Energy Soc. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 5 BP 311 EP 314 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA VP120 UT WOS:A1995VP12000015 ER PT J AU OWENDOFF, JM AF OWENDOFF, JM TI HOW THE US DOE IS ABSORBING ER BUDGET CUTS SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article RP OWENDOFF, JM (reprint author), US DOE,OFF ENVIRONM RESTORAT,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU REED BUSINESS PUBLISHING LTD PI SUTTON PA QUADRANT HOUSE THE QUADRANT, SUTTON, SURREY, ENGLAND SM2 5AS SN 0029-5507 J9 NUCL ENG INT JI Nucl. Eng. Int. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 40 IS 495 BP 14 EP 16 PG 3 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RX059 UT WOS:A1995RX05900002 ER PT J AU REDI, MH ZARNSTORFF, MC WHITE, RB BUDNY, RV JANOS, AC OWENS, DK SCHIVELL, JF SCOTT, SD ZWEBEN, SJ AF REDI, MH ZARNSTORFF, MC WHITE, RB BUDNY, RV JANOS, AC OWENS, DK SCHIVELL, JF SCOTT, SD ZWEBEN, SJ TI COLLISIONAL STOCHASTIC RIPPLE DIFFUSION OF ALPHA-PARTICLES AND BEAM IONS ON TFTR SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID TOROIDAL FIELD RIPPLE; TOKAMAK REACTOR; CROSS-SECTION; CONFINEMENT; TRANSPORT; PLASMAS; ENERGY AB Predictions for ripple loss of fast ions from TFTR are investigated with a guiding centre code including both collisional and ripple effects. A synergistic enhancement of fast ion diffusion is found for toroidal field ripple with collisions. The total loss is calculated to be roughly twice the sum of ripple and collisional losses calculated separately. Discrepancies between measurements and calculations of plasma beta at low current and large major radius are resolved when both effects are included for neutral beam ions. A 20 to 30% reduction in alpha particle heating is predicted for q(a) = 6-14, R = 2.6 m DT plasmas on TFTR owing to first orbit and collisional stochastic ripple diffusion. RP REDI, MH (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 51 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 1995 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1191 EP 1211 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/10/I04 PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TE276 UT WOS:A1995TE27600004 ER PT J AU MOLVIK, AW AF MOLVIK, AW TI IMPURITY RADIATION FROM A BEAM-PLASMA NEUTRON SOURCE SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATION; TANDEM MIRROR; FUSION; FIELD; BETA; TMX AB Impurity radiation, in a worst case evaluation for a beam-plasma neutron source (BPNS), does not limit performance. Impurities originate from four sources: (a) sputtering from walls by charge exchange or alpha particle bombardment, (b) sputtering from limiters, (c) plasma desorption of gas from walls and (d) injection with neutral beams. Sources (c) and (d) are negligible; adsorbed gas on the walls of the confinement chamber and the neutral beam sources is removed by the steady state discharge. Source (b) is negligible for impinging ion energies below the sputtering threshold (T-i less than or equal to 0.025 keV on tungsten) and for power densities to the limiter within the capabilities of water cooling (30-40 MW/m(2)); both conditions can be satisfied in the BPNS. Source (a) radiates 0.025 MW/m(2) to the neutron irradiation samples, compared with 5 to 10 MW/m(2) of neutrons; and radiates a total of 0.08 MW from the plasma column, compared with 60 MW of injected power. The particle bombardment that yields source (a) deposits an average of 2.7 MW/m(2) on the samples, within the capabilities of helium gas cooling (10 MW/m(2)). An additional worst case for source (d) is evaluated for present day 2 to 5 s pulsed neutral beams with 0.1% impurity density and is benchmarked against 2XIIB. The total radiation would increase a factor of 1.5 to less than or equal to 0.12 MW, supporting the conclusion that impurities will not have a significant impact on a BPN RP MOLVIK, AW (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 65 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD OCT PY 1995 VL 35 IS 10 BP 1247 EP 1263 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/10/I08 PG 17 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TE276 UT WOS:A1995TE27600008 ER PT J AU LI, D BALL, M BRABSON, B BUDNICK, J CAUSSYN, DD CHAO, AW DERENCHUK, V DUTT, S EAST, G ELLISON, M FRIESEL, D HAMILTON, B HUANG, H JONES, WP LEE, SY LIU, JY MINTY, MG NG, KY PEI, X RIABKO, A SLOAN, T SYPHERS, M WANG, Y YAN, Y ZHANG, PL AF LI, D BALL, M BRABSON, B BUDNICK, J CAUSSYN, DD CHAO, AW DERENCHUK, V DUTT, S EAST, G ELLISON, M FRIESEL, D HAMILTON, B HUANG, H JONES, WP LEE, SY LIU, JY MINTY, MG NG, KY PEI, X RIABKO, A SLOAN, T SYPHERS, M WANG, Y YAN, Y ZHANG, PL TI EFFECTS OF RF VOLTAGE MODULATION ON PARTICLE MOTION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON; BEAM AB The effects of rf voltage modulation on synchrotron motion were studied experimentally. The experimental data revealed the resonance islands generated by the rf voltage modulation, With electron cooling, beam particles were observed to damp to the basins of these resonance islands or attractors, which were observed to rotate about the origin of the phase space at a half of the modulation frequency. The measured amplitude of the attractors as a function of the modulation frequency agreed very well with the theoretical prediction. The Poincare maps in the resonance rotating frame were obtained from the experimental data and compared with tori of the Hamiltonian flow. Based on our theoretical formulation, slow beam extraction using rf voltage modulation and a bent crystal are also studied. C1 INDIANA UNIV,IUCF,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. SSC LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. NR 16 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 205 EP 223 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00440-8 PG 19 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100002 ER PT J AU ZIMMERMANN, F AF ZIMMERMANN, F TI MAGNET ALIGNMENT TOLERANCES IN THE SLC FINAL FOCUS SYSTEM DETERMINED BY LIE-ALGEBRA TECHNIQUES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Using Lie algebra techniques, static alignment tolerances are derived for all quadrupole and sextupole magnets in the 1994 SLC final focus. Three different effects are identified which limit the tolerable quadrupole misalignment. The largest amplitude of an offset-compensating closed orbit bump and the maximum allowed displacement between beam orbit and magnet center are evaluated for each sextupole. Multiparticle tracking supplements and confirms the analytical results. RP ZIMMERMANN, F (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 231 EP 238 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00293-6 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100004 ER PT J AU SENCHISHIN, VG MARKLEY, F LEBEDEV, VN KOVTUN, VE KOBA, VS KUZNICHENKO, AV TIZKAJA, VD BUDAGOV, JA BELLETTINI, G SEMINOZHENKO, VP ZALUBOVSKY, II CHIRIKOVZORIN, IE AF SENCHISHIN, VG MARKLEY, F LEBEDEV, VN KOVTUN, VE KOBA, VS KUZNICHENKO, AV TIZKAJA, VD BUDAGOV, JA BELLETTINI, G SEMINOZHENKO, VP ZALUBOVSKY, II CHIRIKOVZORIN, IE TI A NEW RADIATION STABLE PLASTIC SCINTILLATOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB The influence of various components of a plastic scintillator (high concentrations of primary dopant, secondary fluor, diffusion enhancer and stabilizer) on its radiation hardness has been experimentally determined, The diffusion enhancing technique was shown to be the most powerful tool for improving radiation hardness. A new polystyrene scintillator that decreases its light output by only 4% after 2.8 Mrad irradiation has been produced. C1 KHARKOV AM GORKII STATE UNIV,KHARKOV 310077,UKRAINE. INST MONOCRYSTALS,KHARKOV 310001,UKRAINE. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. JOINT INST NUCL RES,DUBNA,RUSSIA. UNIV PISA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,PISA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,PISA,ITALY. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 253 EP 257 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00470-X PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100007 ER PT J AU AMBROSE, DA BACHMAN, MG COFFEY, WP GLASS, G MCNAUGHTON, KH RILEY, PJ ADAMS, DL GAUSSIRAN, TL HUNGERFORD, EV LAN, KA JOHNSTON, K MCNAUGHTON, MW PENTTILA, SI SUPEK, I AF AMBROSE, DA BACHMAN, MG COFFEY, WP GLASS, G MCNAUGHTON, KH RILEY, PJ ADAMS, DL GAUSSIRAN, TL HUNGERFORD, EV LAN, KA JOHNSTON, K MCNAUGHTON, MW PENTTILA, SI SUPEK, I TI A LARGE ACCEPTANCE CYLINDRICAL DRIFT CHAMBER DETECTOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB This paper describes a large acceptance cylindrical drift chamber detector designed and built for the study of the np-->pp pi(-) reaction at neutron beam energies in the range 500-800 MeV. Details of construction, electronics, testing, and detection efficiencies and resolutions are presented. C1 UNIV TEXAS,AUSTIN,TX 78712. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV HOUSTON,HOUSTON,TX 77204. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. OI Gaussiran, Thomas/0000-0002-5442-7507 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 265 EP 278 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00391-6 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100009 ER PT J AU GINGRICH, DM GREENIAUS, G KITCHING, P OLSEN, B PINFOLD, JL RODNING, NL BOOS, E ZHAUTYKOV, BO AUBERT, B BAZAN, A BEAUGIRAUD, B BONIFACE, J COLAS, J JEZEQUEL, S LEFLOUR, T MAIRE, M RIVAL, F STIPCEVIC, M THION, J VANDENPLAS, D WINGERTERSEEZ, I ZITOUN, R ZOLNIEROWSKI, YP CHMEISSANI, M FERNANDEZ, E GARRIDO, L MARTINEZ, M PADILLA, C GORDON, HA RADEKA, V RAHM, D STEPHANI, D BAISIN, L BERSET, JC CHEVALLEY, JL GIANOTTI, F GILDEMEISTER, O MARIN, CP NESSI, M POGGIOLI, L RICHTER, W VUILLEMIN, V BAZE, JM GOSSET, L LAVOCAT, P LOTTIN, JP MANSOULIE, B MEYER, JP RENARDY, JF SCHWINDLING, J TEIGER, J COLLOT, J DESAINTIGNON, P DZAHINI, D HOSTACHY, JY LABORIE, G MAHOUT, G MERCHEZ, E POUXE, J HERVAS, L CHEKHTMAN, A COUSINOU, MC DARGENT, P DINKESPILLER, B ETIENNE, F FASSNACHT, P FOUCHEZ, D MARTIN, L MIOTTO, A MONNIER, E NAGY, E OLIVETTO, C TISSERANT, S BATTISTONI, G CAMIN, DV CAVALLI, D COSTA, G COZZI, L CRAVERO, A FEDYAKIN, N FERRARI, A MANDELLI, L MAZZANTI, M PERINI, L SALA, P AZUELOS, G BEAUDOIN, G DEPOMMIER, P LEONFLORIAN, E LEROY, C ROY, P SEMAN, M AUGE, E CHASE, R CHOLLET, JC DELATAILLE, C FAYARD, L FOURNIER, D HRISOHO, A MERKEL, B NOPPE, JM PARROUR, G PETROFF, P SCHAFFER, A SEGUINMOREAU, N SERIN, L TISSERAND, V VICHOU, I CANTON, B DAVID, J GENAT, JF IMBAULT, D LEDORTZ, O SAVOYNAVARRO, A SCHWEMLING, P EEK, LO LUNDJENSEN, B SODERQVIST, J LEFEBVRE, M ROBERTSON, S WHITE, J AF GINGRICH, DM GREENIAUS, G KITCHING, P OLSEN, B PINFOLD, JL RODNING, NL BOOS, E ZHAUTYKOV, BO AUBERT, B BAZAN, A BEAUGIRAUD, B BONIFACE, J COLAS, J JEZEQUEL, S LEFLOUR, T MAIRE, M RIVAL, F STIPCEVIC, M THION, J VANDENPLAS, D WINGERTERSEEZ, I ZITOUN, R ZOLNIEROWSKI, YP CHMEISSANI, M FERNANDEZ, E GARRIDO, L MARTINEZ, M PADILLA, C GORDON, HA RADEKA, V RAHM, D STEPHANI, D BAISIN, L BERSET, JC CHEVALLEY, JL GIANOTTI, F GILDEMEISTER, O MARIN, CP NESSI, M POGGIOLI, L RICHTER, W VUILLEMIN, V BAZE, JM GOSSET, L LAVOCAT, P LOTTIN, JP MANSOULIE, B MEYER, JP RENARDY, JF SCHWINDLING, J TEIGER, J COLLOT, J DESAINTIGNON, P DZAHINI, D HOSTACHY, JY LABORIE, G MAHOUT, G MERCHEZ, E POUXE, J HERVAS, L CHEKHTMAN, A COUSINOU, MC DARGENT, P DINKESPILLER, B ETIENNE, F FASSNACHT, P FOUCHEZ, D MARTIN, L MIOTTO, A MONNIER, E NAGY, E OLIVETTO, C TISSERANT, S BATTISTONI, G CAMIN, DV CAVALLI, D COSTA, G COZZI, L CRAVERO, A FEDYAKIN, N FERRARI, A MANDELLI, L MAZZANTI, M PERINI, L SALA, P AZUELOS, G BEAUDOIN, G DEPOMMIER, P LEONFLORIAN, E LEROY, C ROY, P SEMAN, M AUGE, E CHASE, R CHOLLET, JC DELATAILLE, C FAYARD, L FOURNIER, D HRISOHO, A MERKEL, B NOPPE, JM PARROUR, G PETROFF, P SCHAFFER, A SEGUINMOREAU, N SERIN, L TISSERAND, V VICHOU, I CANTON, B DAVID, J GENAT, JF IMBAULT, D LEDORTZ, O SAVOYNAVARRO, A SCHWEMLING, P EEK, LO LUNDJENSEN, B SODERQVIST, J LEFEBVRE, M ROBERTSON, S WHITE, J TI PERFORMANCE OF A LARGE-SCALE PROTOTYPE OF THE ATLAS ACCORDION ELECTROMAGNETIC CALORIMETER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID FRONT-END; LIQUID AB A 2 m long prototype of a lead-liquid argon electromagnetic calorimeter with accordion-shaped electrodes, conceived as a sector of the barrel calorimeter of the future ATLAS experiment at the LHC, has been tested with electron and pion beams in the energy range 10 to 287 GeV. A sampling term of 10%/root E(GeV) was obtained for electrons in the rapidity range 0 < eta < 1, while the constant term measured over an area of about 1 m(2) is 0.69%. With a cell size of 2.7 cm the position resolution is. about 4 mm/root E(GeV). C1 CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA,SWITZERLAND. UNIV ALBERTA,EDMONTON,AB,CANADA. HEPI,ALMA ATA,KAZAKHSTAN. LAPP,ANNECY,FRANCE. UNIV AUTONOMA BARCELONA,BARCELONA,SPAIN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY. CENS,CEA,DSM,DAPNIA,SPP,GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. ISN,GRENOBLE,FRANCE. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID,MADRID,SPAIN. CPP,MARSEILLE,FRANCE. LAL,ORSAY,FRANCE. UNIV MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,MILAN,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,MILAN,ITALY. UNIV MONTREAL,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEVIS LABS,IRVINGTON,NY. UNIV PARIS 06,LPNHE,PARIS,FRANCE. UNIV PARIS 07,PARIS,FRANCE. ROYAL INST TECHNOL,STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. UNIV VICTORIA,VICTORIA,BC,CANADA. RI Boos, Eduard/D-9748-2012; sala, paola/E-2868-2013; Chmeissani, Mokhtar/G-4346-2015; Fernandez, Enrique/L-5387-2014; OI sala, paola/0000-0001-9859-5564; Chmeissani, Mokhtar/0000-0002-2287-4791; Fernandez, Enrique/0000-0002-6405-9488; Garrido Beltran, Lluis/0000-0001-8883-6539 NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 290 EP 306 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00406-8 PG 17 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100012 ER PT J AU HEATON, RK LEE, HW ROBERTSON, BC NORMAN, EB LESKO, KT SUR, B AF HEATON, RK LEE, HW ROBERTSON, BC NORMAN, EB LESKO, KT SUR, B TI ALPHA-PARTICLE INDUCED HIGH-ENERGY GAMMA-RAY YIELDS FROM LIGHT-ELEMENTS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID CROSS-SECTIONS RELEVANT; NUCLEI; ASTRONOMY AB Alpha-induced thick-target gamma-ray yields from light elements have been measured in the energy range 5.6 MeV less than or equal to E(alpha) less than or equal to 10 MeV. The gamma-ray yields above 2 MeV from thick targets of beryllium, boron nitride, sodium fluoride, magnesium, and aluminum were measured, and the results of this experiment were used to construct tables suitable for calculating the alpha-induced direct production gamma-ray intensity distributions from materials. These results show a significant reduction compared with previous estimates of the distribution. C1 QUEENS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,KINGSTON,ON K7L 3N6,CANADA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 317 EP 327 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00220-0 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100015 ER PT J AU ULLRICH, JB HUANG, KG OWENS, SM ALOISI, DC HOFMANN, FA GAO, N KLOTZKO, IL GIBSON, WM AF ULLRICH, JB HUANG, KG OWENS, SM ALOISI, DC HOFMANN, FA GAO, N KLOTZKO, IL GIBSON, WM TI CONCENTRATION OF SYNCHROTRON BEAMS BY MEANS OF MONOLITHIC POLYCAPILLARY X-RAY OPTICS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Capillary optics are valuable tools for concentrating synchrotron radiation [D.J. Tiel, A.E. Stern, D.H. Bilderback and A. Lewis, Physica B 158 (1989) 314]. Single tapered capillaries are used at several facilities. However, most of these optics collect only over a small area. This can be overcome by using larger capillary structures. Polycapillary optics can deflect X-rays by larger angles than other X-ray optics that use only one or two reflections. Conventional X-ray optics that achieve similar deflections are much more energy selective than capillaries. Therefore, capillaries can achieve very short focal distances for a wide range of energies. The measurements shown here represent first tests performed with polycapillaries with large collection area. The performance with respect to transmission efficiency and spot size was evaluated for a set of four very different prototypes. It is shown that for these prototypes a significant gain may be achieved if a spot size of the order of 0.1 mm is required. Further, some characteristics of the different optics are discussed. C1 SUNY ALBANY,CTR XRAY OPT,ALBANY,NY 12222. XRAY OPT SYST INC,ALBANY,NY 12205. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 362 EP 367 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00478-5 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100022 ER PT J AU DUFRESNE, E BRUNING, R SUTTON, M RODRICKS, B STEPHENSON, GB AF DUFRESNE, E BRUNING, R SUTTON, M RODRICKS, B STEPHENSON, GB TI A STATISTICAL TECHNIQUE FOR CHARACTERIZING X-RAY POSITION-SENSITIVE DETECTORS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON RADIATION AB We present a technique for characterizing X-ray sensitive photodiode arrays and charge-coupled device (CCD) arrays. The technique uses simple statistical estimators (means, variances and correlation functions) to determine the response, noise, resolution and detective quantum efficiency of a position-sensitive detector. We apply this technique by characterizing a linear diode array and a CCD array exposed to direct illumination by X-rays. Correlations between neighboring pixels were important, and they are included in the calculation of the detective quantum efficiency and noise of the detector. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IBM CORP,DIV RES,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP DUFRESNE, E (reprint author), MCGILL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CTR PHYS MAT,3600 UNIV ST,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. NR 20 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 380 EP 393 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00335-5 PG 14 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100025 ER PT J AU DRIGERT, MW COLE, JD REBER, EL AF DRIGERT, MW COLE, JD REBER, EL TI FISSION ASSAY TOMOGRAPHY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID DISCRIMINATION AB The determination of the number of nuclear warheads deployed on a missile delivery system is important for verification of present and future arms control treaties. A system has been developed which makes use of the gamma-ray time-of-flight to image and count the number of nuclear warheads on a missile. The main advantages of the present system is that it is non-intrusive and will not reveal sensitive design information. In addition it can be used with limited operational impact on the missile system. RP DRIGERT, MW (reprint author), LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. RI Reber, Edward/B-4742-2017 OI Reber, Edward/0000-0001-8959-5570 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 364 IS 2 BP 394 EP 400 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00334-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RV611 UT WOS:A1995RV61100026 ER PT J AU GATLEY, SJ AF GATLEY, SJ TI IODINE-123-LABELED GLUCOSE ANALOGS - PROSPECTS FOR A SINGLE-PHOTON-EMITTING ANALOG OF FLUORINE-18-LABELED DEOXYGLUCOSE SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID F-18 FLUORODEOXYGLUCOSE; METABOLIC-RATE; BRAIN; TRANSPORTER; HEXOKINASE; HEART; 3-O-METHYL-D-GLUCOSE; DERIVATIVES; HUMANS RP GATLEY, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 22 IS 7 BP 829 EP 835 DI 10.1016/0969-8051(95)00034-U PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TA649 UT WOS:A1995TA64900001 PM 8547880 ER PT J AU ALEXOFF, DL SHEA, C FOWLER, JS KING, P GATLEY, SJ SCHLYER, DJ WOLF, AP AF ALEXOFF, DL SHEA, C FOWLER, JS KING, P GATLEY, SJ SCHLYER, DJ WOLF, AP TI PLASMA INPUT FUNCTION DETERMINATION FOR PET USING A COMMERCIAL LABORATORY ROBOT SO NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; HUMAN-BRAIN; N-METHYLSPIROPERIDOL; DOPAMINE RECEPTOR; BINDING; BLOOD; RACLOPRIDE; INVIVO AB A commercial laboratory robot system (Zymate PyTechnology II Laboratory Automation System) was interfaced to standard and custom laboratory equipment and programmed to perform rapid radiochemical assays necessary for plasma input function determination in quantitative PET studies in humans and baboons. A Zymark XP robot arm was used to carry out two assays: (1) the determination of total plasma radioactivity concentrations in a series of small-volume whole blood samples and (2) the determination of unchanged (parent) radiotracer in plasma using only solid phase extraction methods. Steady state robotic throughput for determination of total plasma radioactivity in whole blood samples (0.350 mt) is 14.3 samples/h, which includes automated centrifugation, pipetting, weighing and radioactivity counting. Robotic throughput for the assay of parent radiotracer in plasma is 4-6 samples/h depending on the radiotracer. Percents of total radioactivities present as parent radiotracers at 60 min. postinjection of 25 +/- 5.0 (N = 25), 26 +/- 6.8 (N = 68), 13 +/- 4.4 (N = 30), 32 +/- 7.2 (N = 18), 16 +/- 4.9 (N = 20), were obtained for carbon-ii labeled benztropine, raclopride, methylphenidate, SR 46349B (trans, 4-[(3Z)3-(2-dimethylamino-ethyl) oxyimino-3 (2-fluorophenyl)propen-1-yl]phenol), and cocaine respectively in baboon plasma and 84 +/- 6.4 (N = 9), 18 +/- 11 (N = 10), 74 +/- 5.7 (N = 118) and 16 +/- 3.7 (N = 18) for carbon-11 labeled benztropine, deprenyl, raclopride, and methylphenidate respectively in human plasma. The automated system has been used for more than 4 years for all plasma analyses for 7 different C-ll labeled compounds used routinely in our laboratory. The robotic radiotracer assay runs unattended and includes automated cleanup procedures that eliminates all human contact with plasma-contaminated containers. RP ALEXOFF, DL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-15380, NS-15638] NR 34 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0883-2897 J9 NUCL MED BIOL JI Nucl. Med. Biol. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 22 IS 7 BP 893 EP 904 DI 10.1016/0969-8051(95)00042-V PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA TA649 UT WOS:A1995TA64900008 PM 8547887 ER PT J AU Mihalczo, JT Valentine, TE AF Mihalczo, JT Valentine, TE TI Calculational verification and process control applications utilizing the high sensitivity of noise measurement parameters to fissile system configuration SO NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SPECTRAL DENSITY-MEASUREMENTS; PU-U NITRATE; SUBCRITICALITY MEASUREMENTS; URANIUM METAL; CF-252; TANK; REACTOR AB The Cf-252-source-driven noise analysis method has been used in measurements for subcritical configurations of fissile systems for a variety of applications, including a dynamic measurement that was the first step in applying this method to monitor nuclear fuel processing plants. Previous measurements have shown large changes in noise-measured parameters such as the coherences and ratio of spectral densities for small changes in the measured configuration of fissile material, for small changes in k, or for changes in other system variables. Direct calculation of the experimental observables by the Monte Carlo method allows the benchmarking of calculational methods and cross sections with a higher sensitivity to changes than calculations of the neutron multiplication factor itself. Measurements and sensitivity studies with the KENO-NR Monte Carlo neutron transport code showed that this measurement method has the potential to monitor many dynamic situations in processing plants such as in casting facilities, in a continuous dissolver, or in batch dissolvers either to be used as a signature to verify that various processes are occurring in a repeatable or bounded way or to obtain the neutron multiplication factor k. This verification of normal operation would be by comparing noise analysis signatures for the process with reference signatures. Abnormal operation could be ascertained if the signature deviates by some specified amount from the reference signatures from normal operation. The deviations from normal could be specified by measurements or by Monte Carlo neutron transport theory methods directly calculating the measured parameters for the processing plant applications. Measurements with enriched uranyl nitrate solutions are presented as an example to demonstrate the high measured sensitivity of noise-measured parameters. To evaluate this high sensitivity, KENO-NR was used to investigate changes in the noise-measured parameters to variation in fissile system parameters using neutron transport calculations for three aqueous solutions, uranyl nitrate, uranyl fluoride, and plutonium nitrate, and also for an array of light water reactor spent fuel. This high sensitivity has also allowed this measurement method to be used to identify nuclear weapons and/or weapons components in shipping containers by comparing with reference signatures obtained from measurements or calculations and for nondestructive assay of special nuclear materials. RP Mihalczo, JT (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV INSTRUMENTAT & CONTROLS,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Valentine, Timothy/0000-0001-7495-7348 NR 28 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5639 J9 NUCL SCI ENG JI Nucl. Sci. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 121 IS 2 BP 286 EP 300 PG 15 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA TW110 UT WOS:A1995TW11000009 ER PT J AU Solem, JC Baldwin, GC AF Solem, JC Baldwin, GC TI Time dependence in stimulated gamma-ray emission: Implications for GRASERs. SO NUOVO CIMENTO DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI FISICA D-CONDENSED MATTER ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND CHEMICAL PHYSICS FLUIDS PLASMAS BIOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RADIATION; LASERS AB We discuss the limitations of the cross-section concept in estimating the performance of a GRASER and the implications of this for evaluating conceptual systems and for experimental detection of stimulated gamma-radiation. We derive the time-dependent cross-section for stimulating emission of gamma-radiation from a nucleus and show, not only that the asymptotic cross-section is extremely small for transitions from a long-lived isomeric state to a shorter-lived excited lower state, but also that, for any transition from a long-lived state, the cross-section remains small compared with its asymptotic value for a time of the order of the reciprocal linewidth. RP Solem, JC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU EDITRICE COMPOSITORI BOLOGNA PI BOLOGNA PA VIA STALINGRADO 97/2, I-40128 BOLOGNA, ITALY SN 0392-6737 J9 NUOVO CIMENTO D JI Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis. D-Condens. Matter At. Mol. Chem. Phys. Fluids Plasmas Biophys. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 17 IS 10 BP 1131 EP 1138 DI 10.1007/BF02454127 PG 8 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TM364 UT WOS:A1995TM36400005 ER PT J AU BRODKIN, CA DANIELL, W CHECKOWAY, H ECHEVERRIA, D JOHNSON, J WANG, K SOHAEY, R GREEN, D REDLICH, C GRETCH, D ROSENSTOCK, L AF BRODKIN, CA DANIELL, W CHECKOWAY, H ECHEVERRIA, D JOHNSON, J WANG, K SOHAEY, R GREEN, D REDLICH, C GRETCH, D ROSENSTOCK, L TI HEPATIC ULTRASONIC CHANGES IN WORKERS EXPOSED TO PERCHLOROETHYLENE SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HEPATOTOXICITY; ULTRASONIC IMAGING; AMINOTRANSFERASES; PERCHLOROETHYLENE ID OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; LIVER; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE AB Objective-To determine if subclinical hepatotoxicity is associated with exposure to perchloroethylene at concentrations commonly experienced in the workplace, and whether surveillance with serum hepatic transaminase activity underestimates such effects. Methods-Hepatic parenchymal echogenicity on ultrasonography and serum hepatic transaminase activity were compared in 29 community based dry cleaning operators exposed to perchloroethylene, and a control group of 29 non-exposed laundry workers. Perchloroethylene exposure was assessed by work history and air monitoring. Results-Mean hepatic transaminase activities were minimally increased in dry cleaners compared with laundry workers. Increased alanine aminotransferase activities, between 1.0 and 1.5 times the normal Limits, were found in Radiology five of 27 (19%) dry cleaners compared with one of 26 (4%) laundry workers. In contrast, diffuse parenchymal changes in echogenicity, as determined by hepatic ultrasonography, were increased nearly twofold in dry cleaners, occurring in 18 of 27 (67%) dry cleaners compared with 10 of 26 (39%) laundry workers (P < 0.05), and were most strongly associated with increased perchloroethylene exposure in older dry to dry or wet transfer operations (odds ratio 4.2, 95% confidence interval 1.1-15.3). Mean eight hour time weighted average perchloroethylene exposure for dry cleaners was 16 ppm, which is less than the permissible exposure limit of 100 ppm in the United States. Conclusions-It was concluded that mild to moderate hepatic parenchymal changes occur more frequently in workers exposed to perchloroethylene than in populations not exposed to chemical solvents, and that these effects are underestimated by serum hepatic transaminase activity. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH,SEATTLE,WA 98104. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT RADIOL,SEATTLE,WA 98104. UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT LAB MED,SEATTLE,WA 98104. BATTELLE SEATTLE RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA. SWEDISH MED CTR,DEPT RADIOL,SEATTLE,WA. UNIV UTAH,DEPT RADIOL,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84132. YALE UNIV,DEPT MED,NEW HAVEN,CT. NIOSH,WASHINGTON,DC. RP BRODKIN, CA (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON,DEPT MED,OCCUPAT & ENVIRONM MED PROGRAM,ZA-66,325 9TH AVE,SEATTLE,WA 98104, USA. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRITISH MED JOURNAL PUBL GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1H 9JR SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 10 BP 679 EP 685 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA RX063 UT WOS:A1995RX06300009 PM 7489059 ER PT J AU ELLSWORTH, DS OREN, R HUANG, C PHILLIPS, N HENDREY, GR AF ELLSWORTH, DS OREN, R HUANG, C PHILLIPS, N HENDREY, GR TI LEAF AND CANOPY RESPONSES TO ELEVATED CO2 IN A PINE FOREST UNDER FREE-AIR CO2 ENRICHMENT SO OECOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ELEVATED CO2; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PINUS TAEDA; STOMATA ID CARBON-DIOXIDE ENRICHMENT; GAS-EXCHANGE; WATER-STRESS; RISING CO2; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; SEEDLINGS; GROWTH; TREES; CONDUCTANCE; AREA AB Physiological responses to elevated CO2 at the leaf and canopy-level were studied in an intact pine (Pinus taeda) forest ecosystem exposed to elevated CO2 using a free-air CO2 enrichment (FACE) technique. Normalized canopy water-use of trees exposed to elevated CO2 over an 8-day exposure period was similar to that of trees exposed to current ambient CO2 under sunny conditions. During a portion of the exposure period when sky conditions were cloudy, CO2-exposed trees showed minor (less than or equal to 7%) but significant reductions in relative sap flux density compared to trees under ambient CO2 conditions. Short-term (minutes) direct stomatal responses to elevated CO2 were also relatively weak (approximate to 5% reduction in stomatal aperture in response to high CO2 concentrations). We observed no evidence of adjustment in stomatal conductance in foliage grown under elevated CO2 for nearly 80 days compared to foliage grown under current ambient CO2 so intrinsic leaf water-use efficiency at elevated CO2 was enhanced primarily by direct responses of photosynthesis to CO2. We did not detect statistical differences in parameters from photosynthetic responses to intercellular CO2 (A(net)-C-i curves) for Pinus taeda foliage grown under elevated CO2 (550 mu mol mol(-1)) for 50-80 days compared to those for foliage grown under current ambient CO2 from similar-sized reference trees nearby. In both cases, leaf net photosynthetic rate at 550 mu mol mol(-1) CO2 was enhanced by approximately 65% compared to the rate at ambient CO2 (350 mu mol mol(-1)). A similar level of enhancement under elevated CO2 was observed for daily photosynthesis under field conditions on a sunny day. While enhancement of photosynthesis by elevated CO2 during the study period appears to be primarily attributable to direct photosynthetic responses to CO2 in the pine forest, longer-term CO2 responses and feedbacks remain to be evaluated. C1 DUKE UNIV,SCH ENVIRONM,DURHAM,NC 27708. RP ELLSWORTH, DS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV BIOSYST & PROC SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Ellsworth, David/0000-0002-9699-2272 NR 41 TC 131 Z9 133 U1 3 U2 16 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0029-8549 J9 OECOLOGIA JI Oecologia PD OCT PY 1995 VL 104 IS 2 BP 139 EP 146 DI 10.1007/BF00328578 PG 8 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TB688 UT WOS:A1995TB68800002 PM 28307350 ER PT J AU PECHERSKY, MJ MILLER, RF VIKRAM, CS AF PECHERSKY, MJ MILLER, RF VIKRAM, CS TI RESIDUAL-STRESS MEASUREMENTS WITH LASER SPECKLE CORRELATION INTERFEROMETRY AND LOCAL HEAT-TREATING SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE RESIDUAL STRESS; ELECTRONIC SPECKLE PATTERN INTERFEROMETRY; SPOT HEATING; FINITE-ELEMENT ANALYSIS; NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION AB A new experimental technique has been devised to measure residual stresses in ductile materials with a combination of laser speckle pattern interferometry and spot heating. The speckle pattern interferometer measures in-plane deformations while the heating provides for very localized stress relief. The residual stresses are determined by the amount of strain that is measured subsequent to the heating and cool-down of the region being interrogated. A simple lumped-parameter model is presented to provide a description of the method. This description is followed by presentation of the results of finite-element analyses and experimental results with uniaxial test specimens. Excellent agreement between the experiments and the computer analyses was obtained, C1 UNIV ALABAMA,CTR APPL OPT,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35899. RP PECHERSKY, MJ (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE SAVANNAH RIVER CO,SAVANNAH RIVER TECHNOL CTR,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 9 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC PHOTO-OPT INSTRUM ENG PI BELLINGHAM PA PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2964 EP 2971 DI 10.1117/12.210762 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA RZ708 UT WOS:A1995RZ70800018 ER PT J AU Pan, Z Morgan, SH Henderson, DO Park, SY Weeks, RA Magruder, RH Zuhr, RA AF Pan, Z Morgan, SH Henderson, DO Park, SY Weeks, RA Magruder, RH Zuhr, RA TI Linear and nonlinear optical response of bismuth and antimony implanted fused silica: Annealing effects SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID ENHANCEMENT; ABSORPTION; COMPOSITE; PARTICLES; GLASSES; SIZE AB We report the linear and nonlinear optical response of bismuth and antimony implanted fused silica with doses of 6 x 10(16) ions/cm(2). The nonlinear refractive index, n(2), was measured using a Z-scan technique with a mode locked Ti:sapphire laser operating in 140 fs pulse duration at 770 nm wavelength. It is found that the nonlinear refractive index n(2) of as-implanted samples is large, in the order of 10(-10) cm(2)/W and the n(2) value of Bi as-implanted sample is about 2.4 times lager than that of Sb as-implanted sample. The large n(2) response is attributed to the presence of nanosized metal particles in the implanted layer observed by transmission electron microscopy. We also report the changes of Linear and nonlinear optical response when implanted samples were subsequently annealed at temperatures from 500 to 1000 C in argon and oxygen atmospheres. The annealing effect on optical properties is found to be strongly dependent on the annealing atmospheres. Our results indicate that annealing treatment in O-2 affects the local environment of the implanted metal ions and hence the linear and nonlinear optical properties of the metal-dielectric composite. We suggest that a new phase of metal-oxygen-silicate was formed during annealing in O-2 atmosphere. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL & ENGN SCI,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP Pan, Z (reprint author), FISK UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37208, USA. NR 34 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 6 BP 675 EP 684 DI 10.1016/0925-3467(95)00019-4 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA TM357 UT WOS:A1995TM35700003 ER PT J AU Liu, HM Reeves, RJ Powell, RC Boatner, LA AF Liu, HM Reeves, RJ Powell, RC Boatner, LA TI Effect of KTa1-xNbxO3 crystal orientation on the nonlinear optical response in the picoseconds degenerate-four-wave mixing SO OPTICAL MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID RELAXATION MODES; KNBO3 AB Nonlinear optical response signals on picosecond and nanosecond time scales have been studied in the mixed-crystal system KTa1-xNbxO3 using transient degenerate-four-wave mixing (DFWM). The two distinct signal components, denoted as an instantaneous response (IR) and slow response (SR) in previous studies, changed intensity as the relative arriving time between two write pulses varied. The dependence of these signals on the crystal orientation was characterized. The results were consistent with a lattice relaxation model based on the laser-induced dynamic displacement of the Nb ion. In this model the signal variations result from the competition between the dynamic displacement and the intrinsic distortion associated with the spontaneous polarization along the optic axis. C1 OKLAHOMA STATE UNIV,CTR LASER RES,STILLWATER,OK 74078. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37830. UNIV CANTERBURY,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CHRISTCHURCH 1,NEW ZEALAND. UNIV ARIZONA,CTR OPT SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. RP Liu, HM (reprint author), UNIV PUERTO RICO,MAT RES CTR,DEPT PHYS,MAYAGUEZ,PR 00680, USA. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-3467 J9 OPT MATER JI Opt. Mater. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 4 IS 6 BP 691 EP 699 DI 10.1016/0925-3467(95)00007-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA TM357 UT WOS:A1995TM35700005 ER PT J AU SICK, V BUIPHAM, MN FARROW, RL AF SICK, V BUIPHAM, MN FARROW, RL TI DETECTION OF METHYL RADICALS IN A FLAT FLAME BY DEGENERATE 4-WAVE-MIXING SO OPTICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SPECTROSCOPY; LASER; BAND AB We report the spatially resolved detection of methyl radicals in a methane-air flat flame, using degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM). A frequency-tripled dye laser pumped with a frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser was used to access the Herzberg beta(1) band of methyl near 216 nm. Using a nearly phase-conjugate geometry, we detected methyl with high spatial resolution [0.2 mm (0.3 mm) vertical (horizontal) and similar to 6 mm longitudinal] and with good signal-to-noise ratio in a rich (phi = 1.55) flame. Compared with laser absorption spectra, DFWM spectra were much less influenced by a broad featureless background. From the absorption data, we measured the peak methyl concentration to be 650 parts in 10(6), resulting in an estimated DFWM detection limit of 65 parts in 10(6). (C) 1995 Optical Society of America C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RI Sick, Volker/A-3987-2008 OI Sick, Volker/0000-0001-5756-9714 NR 21 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0146-9592 J9 OPT LETT JI Opt. Lett. PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 19 BP 2036 EP 2038 DI 10.1364/OL.20.002036 PG 3 WC Optics SC Optics GA RW114 UT WOS:A1995RW11400036 PM 19862242 ER PT J AU Burnham, AK Schmidt, BJ Braun, RL AF Burnham, AK Schmidt, BJ Braun, RL TI A test of the parallel reaction model using kinetic measurements on hydrous pyrolysis residues SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE kinetics; kerogen; coal; activation energy distributions; parallel reaction model; hydrous pyrolysis ID COALS; GENERATION; MATURATION; CRACKING; OIL AB Open-system kinetics are measured on extracted residues from hydrous pyrolysis to test aspects of the parallel reaction model and the assumption of a single frequency factor for all energies. The absolute rates of the residues form a series supporting the concept that hydrous pyrolysis removes primarily the more reactive components at lower temperature. The parallel reaction model works well for the marine kerogen, except for the small amount of refractory material in the highest temperature residue that is not represented adequately in kinetics from the initial sample because of measurement limitations. The kinetic parameters derived from the unreacted coal do not work as well and predict too much remaining reactive material. The discrepancy may be caused by a weakness in the parallel reaction model, or due to the fact that the open-system kinetics are not intended to predict the generation and subsequent removal of extractable organic matter. That the parallel reaction model works less well for coal confirms earlier concerns about the complexity of oxygen-related reactions. The constant frequency factor approximation works fairly well for the kerogen but marginally well for the coal. The frequency factor shifts about ten-fold over the activation energy range in the kerogen and about 100-fold over the activation energy range in the coals. C1 STATOIL,N-4035 STAVANGER,NORWAY. RP Burnham, AK (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 19 TC 35 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 23 IS 10 BP 931 EP 939 DI 10.1016/0146-6380(95)00069-0 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UC318 UT WOS:A1995UC31800006 ER PT J AU Jackson, KJ Burnham, AK Braun, RL Knauss, KG AF Jackson, KJ Burnham, AK Braun, RL Knauss, KG TI Temperature and pressure dependence of n-hexadecane cracking SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE hexadecane; cracking; oil stability; kinetics; activation energy; high pressure ID EXPERIMENTAL SIMULATION; PETROLEUM GENERATION; HYDROUS PYROLYSIS; HEXANE PYROLYSIS; CONFINED SYSTEM; GAS GENERATION; OIL CRACKING; STABILITY; KINETICS; HYDROCARBONS AB The rates and product compositions of hexadecane cracking are reported for temperatures ranging from 300 to 370 degrees C and pressures of 150 to 600 bar. The overall apparent activation energy at an intermediate pressure of 300-350 bar is about 74 kcal/mol. This is higher than the overall 60 kcal/mol energy consistent with higher temperature measurements, even though the rates from our highest temperatures overlap with those from earlier reports. The product composition is consistent with a free radical mechanism in which alkene intermediates react with primary and secondary radicals to form branched and normal liquid products both smaller and larger than the starting material. Pressure has a retarding effect on the rate of reaction, but the dependence is not measured precisely enough to say more than that the survival of oil is likely to vary by a factor of two or so under typical geologic conditions. A simple kinetic model having five first-order reactions is presented that predicts the lumped kinetic species of C-1, C-2-C-4, C-5-C-9, C-10-C-15, C-16, and C-16+. The gas is depleted in methane compared to most natural gas. RP Jackson, KJ (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI knauss, kevin/K-2827-2012; jackson, Kenneth/E-2236-2013 OI jackson, Kenneth/0000-0003-4231-3809 NR 49 TC 65 Z9 78 U1 4 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0146-6380 J9 ORG GEOCHEM JI Org. Geochem. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 23 IS 10 BP 941 EP 953 DI 10.1016/0146-6380(95)00068-2 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA UC318 UT WOS:A1995UC31800007 ER PT J AU STEFFEY, BD CURTIS, CJ DUBOIS, DL AF STEFFEY, BD CURTIS, CJ DUBOIS, DL TI ELECTROCHEMICAL REDUCTION OF CO2 CATALYZED BY A DINUCLEAR PALLADIUM COMPLEX CONTAINING A BRIDGING HEXAPHOSPHINE LIGAND - EVIDENCE FOR COOPERATIVITY SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID HOMOGENEOUS ELECTRON-TRANSFER; CARBON-DIOXIDE INSERTION; ELECTROCATALYTIC REDUCTION; CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY; REDOX CATALYSIS; METAL CATIONS; CRYSTAL; MACROCYCLES; DERIVATIVES; COMPETITION AB The complexes [Pd-2(CH3CN)(2)(eHTP)](BF4)(4) and [Pd-2(PEt(3))(2)(eHTP)](BF4)(4) (where eHTP is bis(bis((diethylphosphino)ethyl)phosphino))methane (Et(2)PCH(2)CH(2))(2)PCH2P(CH(2)CH(2)PEt(2))(2)) were prepared and characterized. [Pd-2(CH3CN)(2)(eHTP)](BF4)(4) catalyzes the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO in acidic dimethylformamide solutions. The rate of this reaction exhibits a biphasic dependence on acid, with a first-order dependence at low acid concentrations and zero-order dependence at acid concentrations greater than 0.06 M. At high acid concentrations the rate-limiting step is first order in catalyst and first order in CO2. When compared to the kinetic properties of previously studied mononuclear complexes, these data suggest both palladium atoms are involved in CO2 reduction. The closely related complex [Pd-2(PEt(3))(2)(eHTP)](BF4)(4) undergoes two reversible two-electron reductions. The mixed-valence intermediate resulting from the first two-electron reduction is unstable and undergoes rapid decomposition. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401. NR 54 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD OCT PY 1995 VL 14 IS 10 BP 4937 EP 4943 DI 10.1021/om00010a066 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RY971 UT WOS:A1995RY97100066 ER PT J AU XIAO, SQ MALOY, SA HEUER, AH DAHMEN, U AF XIAO, SQ MALOY, SA HEUER, AH DAHMEN, U TI MORPHOLOGY AND INTERFACE STRUCTURE OF MO5SI3 PRECIPITATES IN MOSI2 SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE A-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STRUCTURE DEFECTS AND MECHANICAL PROPERTIES LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; BOUNDARIES AB Two distinctly different morphologies of Mo5Si3 precipitates have been observed in a single crystal MoSi2. Both precipitates are laths elongated along the [1 (1) over bar 0] direction common to the matrix and the precipitate but differ in their cross-sectional shape and lattice orientation. Type I precipitates exhibit a rectangular cross-section, with interfaces parallel to low-index planes (110)(m) parallel to(002)(p) and (00 (2) over bar)(m) parallel to(220)(p), while type II precipitates are parallelograms, with their major interface at 13 degrees to the low-index planes (00 (2) over bar)(m) parallel to(220)(p) (the subscripts m and p denote the MoSi2 matrix and Mo5Si3 precipitate, respectively). The orientation relationships corresponding to the two characteristic morphologies differ by a 1.8 degrees rotation around the lath axis. A periodic array of dislocation loops and associated ledges enveloping the precipitates were revealed by high-resolution electron microscopy and selected area electron diffraction. The Burgers vector of these dislocations was determined unambiguously from high-resolution images in orthogonal viewing directions. The differences between the two characteristic morphologies and their orientation relationships are due to a difference in the stacking sequence of ledges. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP XIAO, SQ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,MSD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Maloy, Stuart/A-8672-2009 OI Maloy, Stuart/0000-0001-8037-1319 NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8610 J9 PHILOS MAG A JI Philos. Mag. A-Phys. Condens. Matter Struct. Defect Mech. Prop. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 997 EP 1013 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA TE283 UT WOS:A1995TE28300013 ER PT J AU JIA, QX EBIHARA, K IKEGAMI, T AF JIA, QX EBIHARA, K IKEGAMI, T TI ANALYTICAL SOLUTION FOR SOLAR-CELL MODEL PARAMETERS FROM ILLUMINATED CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE B-PHYSICS OF CONDENSED MATTER STATISTICAL MECHANICS ELECTRONIC OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC PROPERTIES LA English DT Article AB An improved analytical approach is introduced to calculate the solar cell parameters based on the lumped single exponential model. The main feature of this approach is that the diode junction ideality factor has been considered as an output characteristic dependent parameter under illuminated conditions. By using the experimental data of Charles, Abdelkrim, Muoy and Mialhe and Chan and Phang for five solar cells, the parameters are calculated and compared with the results of the analytical methods suggested either by Phang, Chan and Phillips or Kishore. The meaningless negative series resistance, caused by the assumption of a constant diode ideality factor along the entire current-voltage curve, can be avoided by the present analytical method. C1 KUMAMOTO UNIV,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,KUMAMOTO 860,JAPAN. RP JIA, QX (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCOND TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD LONDON PI LONDON PA ONE GUNDPOWDER SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND EC4A 3DE SN 0141-8637 J9 PHILOS MAG B JI Philos. Mag. B-Phys. Condens. Matter Stat. Mech. Electron. Opt. Magn. Prop. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 72 IS 4 BP 375 EP 382 DI 10.1080/13642819508239092 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA TF454 UT WOS:A1995TF45400001 ER PT J AU RIEMANN, J SCHLANGES, M DEWITT, HE KRAEFT, WD AF RIEMANN, J SCHLANGES, M DEWITT, HE KRAEFT, WD TI EQUATION OF STATE OF THE WEAKLY DEGENERATE ONE-COMPONENT PLASMA SO PHYSICA A LA English DT Article ID SOLAR AB Starting from a general quantum statistical formula for the pressure in terms of thermodynamic Green's functions, different contributions to the equation of state (EOS) for the one component plasma (OCP) are given analytically and by numerical calculations. Exact results for the EOS of a quantum electron gas are presented in the shape of a low density expansion up to the order (ne(2))(5/2) including ladder type contributions and ''beyond Montroll-Ward'' terms. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP RIEMANN, J (reprint author), UNIV GREIFSWALD,FACHBEREICH PHYS,D-17487 GREIFSWALD,GERMANY. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4371 J9 PHYSICA A JI Physica A PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 219 IS 3-4 BP 423 EP 435 DI 10.1016/0378-4371(95)00179-B PG 13 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX896 UT WOS:A1995RX89600012 ER PT J AU SHIRANE, G AF SHIRANE, G TI MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS IN YBA2CU3O6+X AND CR SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Magnetism and Superconductivity - Symposium in Memory of Jean-Rossat-Mignod CY JUL 04, 1994 CL GRENOBLE, FRANCE SP CEA, CNRS ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; SPIN DYNAMICS; CHROMIUM; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SYSTEM AB A brief sketch is given of the inelastic neutron scattering technique with triple axis spectrometers. Then we discuss in some detail the magnetic excitations in YBa2CuO6+x, Rossat-Mignod's speciality, and those in Cr. These two antiferromagnets are common only in the special aspect of their magnetic interaction, namely, a very steep magnon dispersion slope of nearly 1000 meV. We demonstrate how the scattering technique developed in one held (high T-c) helped in understanding the entirely different type of magnetism in Cr. RP SHIRANE, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD OCT PY 1995 VL 215 IS 1 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00020-A PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TB076 UT WOS:A1995TB07600002 ER PT J AU VOGT, T STASSIS, C GOLDMAN, A CANFIELD, PC CHO, B AF VOGT, T STASSIS, C GOLDMAN, A CANFIELD, PC CHO, B TI INCOMMENSURATE MODULATIONS IN THE MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE OF THE MAGNETIC SUPERCONDUCTOR HONI2B2C A HIGH-RESOLUTION NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION STUDY SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article AB Neutron diffraction techniques have been used to study the magnetic structure of powder samples of the superconducting HoNi2B2C. In addition to the modulation of the moments along c* reported previously, we observe in the vicinity of 5 K, where the compound exhibits reentrant behavior, a modulation of the moments along a*. We demonstrate that all presently available experimental data on single crystals as well as powder samples contain unambiguous evidence for a modulation of the moments along a* with a wave vector, q(a), of approximately 0.585a*. We conclude that this modulation of the moments along a* is characteristic of the magnetic structure of HoNi2B2C. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787; NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD OCT PY 1995 VL 215 IS 2-3 BP 159 EP 163 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00396-Q PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TC177 UT WOS:A1995TC17700003 ER PT J AU ZHU, YM SUENAGA, M AF ZHU, YM SUENAGA, M TI NANO-SCALE ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY OF THE OXYGEN K-EDGE IN BI2SR2CA1CU2O8+DELTA SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; GRAIN-BOUNDARY; OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; STOICHIOMETRY; SYMMETRY; DENSITY; HOLES; PLANE; BA AB We demonstrate, for the first time, that even in highly anisotropic, quasi-two-dimensional Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8+delta, electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) performed in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) is a very valuable technique for understanding local changes in the oxygen-hole density on a nanometer scale. After optimizing both the scattering angle of the incident beam and the collection angle of the spectrometer for a particular crystal orientation, a TEM-EELS experiment is capable of documenting local (similar to several nm) variations in strength of the pre-peak of oxygen absorption K edge spectrum. This investigation reveals the hole-concentration profile across grain boundaries, and hence, furthers understanding of the superconducting behavior of the grain boundary in this technologically important material. RP ZHU, YM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 124 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00442-4 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY317 UT WOS:A1995RY31700014 ER PT J AU WANG, ZL LOWNDES, DH CHRISTEN, DK KROEGER, DM KLABUNDE, CE NORTON, DP AF WANG, ZL LOWNDES, DH CHRISTEN, DK KROEGER, DM KLABUNDE, CE NORTON, DP TI GROWTH-INDUCED COLUMNAR DEFECTS IN YBA2CU3O7-X THIN-FILMS GROWN ON MISCUT MOSAIC LAALO3(001) SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CRYSTALS AB Measurements of the critical current density in YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) thin films grown on deliberately miscut (1.6 degrees) LaAlO3 {001} substrates that also contain a small mosaic spread of subgrain orientations have shown an anomalous angular dependence of J(c), A strong, magnetic field-dependent peak in J(c) is observed when the magnetic field is oriented between the c-axis (the film normal direction) and the a-b-plane; in this orientation flux pinning is normally not strong. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to determine the defects which are responsible for the flux pinning related to the anomalous J(c) peak. [001] columnar defects have been observed to penetrate right through the YBCO films. The diameters of the columnar defect regions are similar to 3-5 nm, which is near ideal for producing the observed anomalous pinning and high J(c). Numerous stacking faults involving excess Cu-O layers have also been observed; these can also serve as effective flux pinners. Small-angle planar boundaries perpendicular to the substrate are rarely seen. Images of the YBCO-substrate interface reveal that some of the columnar growth defects initiate at substrate steps/dislocations. The YBCO unit cells grown on the upper and lower terraces of a substrate step have a relative shift of c/3[001]; thus, the Cu-O planes are broken within a region less than 10 nm from the substrate, presumably reducing the superconducting order parameter in this region and leading to pinned vortices situated on these sites. Thus, the columnar defects initiated from the interface and the stacking faults are useful for pinning flux through the entire film thickness. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WANG, ZL (reprint author), GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,SCH MAT SCI & ENGN,ATLANTA,GA 30332, USA. RI Wang, Zhong Lin/E-2176-2011 OI Wang, Zhong Lin/0000-0002-5530-0380 NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 1-2 BP 125 EP 137 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00428-9 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY317 UT WOS:A1995RY31700015 ER PT J AU WANG, ZR JOHNSTON, DC YAO, XQ FRANZEN, HF AF WANG, ZR JOHNSTON, DC YAO, XQ FRANZEN, HF TI SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE TRANSITION METAL-RICH LAYERED COMPOUND NBXTA5-XS2 (X=1.72) SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID SYSTEM AB Superconductivity below 4 K is reported for the layered compound NbxTa5-xS2 (x = 1.72), which contains metal-bonded Nb-Ta sheets bordered by sulfur layers, where the sulfur-metal-sulfur layer blocks are weakly van der Waals bonded to adjacent ones. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 1-2 BP 138 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00461-0 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY317 UT WOS:A1995RY31700016 ER PT J AU WAHLBECK, PG MYERS, DL SALAZAR, KV AF WAHLBECK, PG MYERS, DL SALAZAR, KV TI BISMUTH ACTIVITIES IN A LEAD-DOPED BISMUTH-2223 SUPERCONDUCTOR SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID CA-CU-O; COPPER COMPONENTS; VAPOR-PRESSURES; BI; SYSTEM; CERAMICS; TAPES; WIRES AB Observations are reported on the thermal decomposition of a Pb doped Bi2Sr2Ca2Cu3Oy (Bi-2223) sample. Experimental methods include differential thermal analysis (DTA), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) using a vacuum balance, and vapor-pressure measurements by Knudsen effusion using (1) mass spectrometry, (2) a vacuum balance, and (3) an external balance for mass transport detection, DTA performed under N-2 showed endothermic peaks at 722 degrees C and 864 degrees C. TGA under vacuum showed mass loss beginning at 700 degrees C with a peak at 750 degrees C. Mass spectrometry showed that O-2(g) was lost from the sample at temperatures between ca. 650 degrees C and 675 degrees C. It was concluded that the DTA peak at 722 degrees C, the mass loss in TGA, and the O-2 loss by mass spectrometry were all associated with a change in oxidation state of Cu from +2 to +1. Vapor pressures of Bi(g) from the Bi-2223 superconductor samples yielded the activity of Bi in the Bi-2223 phase as 0.073 +/- 0.016 and the relative chemical potential of Bi in the Bi-2223 phase of - 17.4 +/- 1.4 kT/mol at 800 K. C1 WICHITA STATE UNIV,NATL INST AVIAT RES,WICHITA,KS 67208. E CENT UNIV,DEPT CHEM,ADA,OH. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP WAHLBECK, PG (reprint author), WICHITA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,WICHITA,KS 67208, USA. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 252 IS 1-2 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00403-3 PG 8 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RY317 UT WOS:A1995RY31700018 ER PT J AU SHLYAPTSEVA, AS NILSEN, J BRUCH, R KANTSYREV, VL AKULINICHEV, VV PIVINSKY, EG AF SHLYAPTSEVA, AS NILSEN, J BRUCH, R KANTSYREV, VL AKULINICHEV, VV PIVINSKY, EG TI THE STUDY OF NA-LIKE MULTIPLY-CHARGED ION X-RAY-SPECTRA EXCITED BY A PULSED-LASER PLASMA SOURCE SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID ISOELECTRONIC-SEQUENCES; SATELLITE SPECTRA; TI-XII; NE; CLASSIFICATION; CONFIGURATIONS; TRANSITIONS; ELEMENTS; CHLORINE AB A study of Na-like satellite structure to Ne-like resonance lines was made in detail for Co, Ni, Cu, Zn ions having intermediate nuclear charge. To record the X-ray spectra, a pulsed laser plasma source was used with various duration and pulse shapes. More than 20 experimental spectral lines were identified belonging to the 2p-3s, 2p-3d, 2s-3p transitions based on comparison with YODA code calculations. To decrease the overlapping of the spectra with lower charge state ions such as O-like ions, the duration and shape of the laser pulse was varied. C1 UNIV NEVADA,RENO,NV 89557. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,INST ANALYT INSTRUMENTAT,ST PETERSBURG 198103,RUSSIA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 377 EP 385 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/52/4/006 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TA031 UT WOS:A1995TA03100006 ER PT J AU KINSEY, J SINGER, C COX, D BATEMAN, G AF KINSEY, J SINGER, C COX, D BATEMAN, G TI SYSTEMATIC COMPARISON OF A THEORY-BASED TRANSPORT MODEL WITH A MULTI-TOKAMAK PROFILE DATABASE SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Transport in Fusion Plasmas CY JUN 13-16, 1994 CL ASPENAS, SWEDEN ID GRADIENT-DRIVEN TURBULENCE; NEUTRAL-BEAM INJECTION; PLASMA; SIMULATIONS; DENSITY; REGIME; CODE AB A theoretical model of flux-surface-averaged radial transport in tokamaks has been tested and calibrated against a well-documented set of temperature and density profiles from a pre-defined set of discharges from seven tokamaks. The transport theory includes neoclassical, drift/(eta 1), circulating electron mode, kinetic ballooning, neoclassical MHD, and resistive ballooning effects. Allowing for no explicitly adjustable free parameters, the nominal theory results are compared with experimental density and temperature profiles from the reference set of discharges from Alcator-C, ASDEX, ISX-B, TFTR, DIII-D, and JET. Profile results are also given for an additional set of six discharges including Alcator-C, ASDEX, DIII-D, TFTR, JET, and JFT-2M in addition to five TFTR discharges as part of a rho* and beta scan [1] Employed is a statistical model of calibration/modeling and measurement variances allowing detailed analysis of results and further calibration of the model along with a well defined procedure for setting the time dependent boundary conditions at an appropriate location just inside the inner-most ''closed'' magnetic flux surface. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT STAT,HOUSTON,TX 77251. PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP KINSEY, J (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 49 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 428 EP 443 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/52/4/014 PG 16 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TA031 UT WOS:A1995TA03100015 ER PT J AU ONGENA, J MESSIAEN, AM TOKAR, M SAMM, U UNTERBERG, B SCHOON, N DUMORTIER, P ESSER, HG DURODIE, F EURINGER, H FUCHS, G HINTZ, E HOENEN, F KOCH, R KONEN, L KRAMERFLECKEN, A POSPIESZCZYK, A SCHWEER, B SOLTWISCH, H TELESCA, G VANDENPLAS, PE VANNIEUWENHOVE, R VANOOST, G VANWASSENHOVE, G WEYNANTS, RR WAIDMANN, G WINTER, J WOLF, GH AF ONGENA, J MESSIAEN, AM TOKAR, M SAMM, U UNTERBERG, B SCHOON, N DUMORTIER, P ESSER, HG DURODIE, F EURINGER, H FUCHS, G HINTZ, E HOENEN, F KOCH, R KONEN, L KRAMERFLECKEN, A POSPIESZCZYK, A SCHWEER, B SOLTWISCH, H TELESCA, G VANDENPLAS, PE VANNIEUWENHOVE, R VANOOST, G VANWASSENHOVE, G WEYNANTS, RR WAIDMANN, G WINTER, J WOLF, GH TI RESULTS AND MODELING OF HIGH-POWER EDGE RADIATION COOLING IN TEXTOR SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Transport in Fusion Plasmas CY JUN 13-16, 1994 CL ASPENAS, SWEDEN ID CONFINEMENT; TOKAMAKS; PLASMAS AB It has been shown recently on TEXTOR that it is possible to obtain stable discharges with good thermal confinement under quasi-stationary conditions with a cold radiative boundary, by injecting the impurities Ne and/or Si. In the first part the main experimental results are summarized. In the second part a first attempt is presented for the modelling of the basic transport processes in these discharges. This is done by using the codes TRANSP for interpretative simulations and RITM for predictive simulations. We find that the bulk confinement is favorably influenced by the application of edge cooling and a satisfactory agreement is obtained between the predictions of RITM and the experimental results. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST PLASMAPHYS, ASSOC EURATOM KFA, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. STATE UNIV GHENT, NATUURKUNDE LAB, B-9000 GHENT, BELGIUM. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, INST HIGH TEMP, MOSCOW 127412, RUSSIA. RP ONGENA, J (reprint author), ECOLE ROYALE MIL, KONINKLIJKE MIL SCH, ASSOC EURATOM BELG STAAT, ASSOC EURATOM ETAT BELGE, B-1040 BRUSSELS, BELGIUM. OI Tokar, Mikhail/0000-0002-9536-9841; Unterberg, Bernhard/0000-0003-0866-957X NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0031-8949 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 449 EP 457 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/52/4/016 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA TA031 UT WOS:A1995TA03100017 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, SR BEIERSDORFER, P MACGOWAN, BJ NILSEN, J AF ELLIOTT, SR BEIERSDORFER, P MACGOWAN, BJ NILSEN, J TI MEASUREMENTS OF LINE OVERLAP FOR RESONANT SPOILING OF X-RAY LASING TRANSITIONS IN NICKEL-LIKE TUNGSTEN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS; SPECTRA; ATOMS; IONS AB High-precision measurements are presented of line pairs that are candidates for resonant spoiling of x-ray lasing transitions in the nickel-like tungsten W46+ x-ray laser. Our measurements were carried out with a high-resolution crystal spectrometer, and a typical precision of 20-50 ppm was achieved. This precision is a factor of 15 better than a previous measurement of the W 4p(1/2)-->3d(3/2) line. Most resonances appear insufficient for effective spoiling. The closest overlap is found for the 4p(1/2)-->3d(3/2) transition in nickel-like W46+ With the 2p(3/2)-->1s(1/2) transition in hydrogenic Al12+, which differ by 2.4+/-0.3 m Angstrom or 335 ppm, providing a marginal overlap. However, because the W line lies between the two finestructure components of the Al Ly-alpha line, any relative Doppler shift between the two ion species due to bulk ion motion will improve the overlap and satisfy the resonance condition. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 22 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2689 EP 2692 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.2689 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400032 ER PT J AU BEIERSDORFER, P OSTERHELD, A ELLIOTT, SR CHEN, MH KNAPP, D REED, K AF BEIERSDORFER, P OSTERHELD, A ELLIOTT, SR CHEN, MH KNAPP, D REED, K TI STRUCTURE AND LAMB SHIFT OF 2S(1/2)-2P(3/2) LEVELS IN LITHIUM-LIKE TH87+ THROUGH NEON-LIKE TH80+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID PERTURBATION-THEORY CALCULATIONS; BEAM ION-TRAP; STRONG COULOMB FIELD; CU-LIKE IONS; SELF-ENERGY; ELECTRON-BEAM; HELIUM-LIKE; ISOELECTRONIC SEQUENCE; TRANSITION ENERGIES; QED CORRECTIONS AB We report the measurement of thirteen 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) dipole-allowed transitions in the highly ionized tho ions Th80+ through Ths(87+). Th, transitions have been measured with a high-resolution crystal spectrometer on the Livermore electron beam ion trap in which highly charged thorium ions were produced and excited in the interaction with a 100-keV electron beam. The observed 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) transitions are readily identified from a qualitative analysis of the dipole-allowed radiative decay channels. The identifications are confirmed by detailed modeling calculations of the line excitation processes, which account for all radiative processes, including radiative cascades among levels in the n=2 and n=3 shells, and all electron-impact excitation processes. The transition energies have been determined with an overall accuracy of 35 ppm. A detailed discussion of the measurement uncertainties is given, including the effects of beam-induced polarization on the hydrogenic reference transitions used for calibration. Measurements of the 1s(2)-1snp (n less than or equal to 10) transitions in heliumlike Ar16+, which fall into the same wavelength region as the 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) transitions in thorium, are presented that validate the estimate of our experimental uncertainties. These measurements achieved twice the accuracy of previous measurements of the Ar16+ lines. A value of 4025.23 +/- 0.14 eV is found for the 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) transition in lithiumlike Th87+. The value is sensitive to the effect of nuclear polarization and tests predictions of the 36-eV contribution from quantum electrodynamics to within 0.39%. A similar test of quantum electrodynamics calculations is given by the twelve 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) transitions measured in the neighboring charge states. A comparison of the measured energies of the 2s(1/2)-2p(3/2) transitions in berylliumlike Th86+ through neonlike Th80+ with theoretical predictions from multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock calculations demonstrates the need for a better treatment of the electron-correlation terms in these highly charged multielectron ions. The measurements thus provide benchmarks for the development of theoretical approaches, such as relativistic many-body perturbation theory and large-scale configuration-interaction calculations, that attempt to account for electron correlations in very highly charged ions. RP BEIERSDORFER, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 70 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2693 EP 2706 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.2693 PG 14 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400033 ER PT J AU BASTUG, T SEPP, WD FRICKE, B JOHNSON, E BARSHICK, CM AF BASTUG, T SEPP, WD FRICKE, B JOHNSON, E BARSHICK, CM TI ALL-ELECTRON RELATIVISTIC DIRAC-FOCK-SLATER SELF-CONSISTENT-FIELD CALCULATIONS OF THE SINGLY CHARGED DIATOMIC TRANSITION-METAL-(FE,CO,NI,CU,ZN) ARGON MOLECULES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CLUSTERS; MODEL AB The spectroscopic constants of the singly charged diatomic transition-metal-(Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) argon adduct ions are calculated within the relativistic Dirac-Fock-Slater (DFS) self-consistent-field method. Numerical solutions of the atomic Dirac-Fock-Slater equations are taken as basis functions. A variationally consistent potential approximation has been used to obtain potential-energy curves. The comparison of our results and other theoretical results with experimental values shows that the DFS method is quite suitable for calculations on such systems. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP BASTUG, T (reprint author), UNIV KASSEL,FACHBEREICH PHYS,HEINRICH PLETT STR 40,D-34109 KASSEL,GERMANY. NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2734 EP 2736 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.2734 PG 3 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400036 ER PT J AU SAGURTON, M BARTLETT, RJ SAMSON, JAR HE, ZX MORGAN, D AF SAGURTON, M BARTLETT, RJ SAMSON, JAR HE, ZX MORGAN, D TI EFFECT OF COMPTON-SCATTERING ON THE DOUBLE-TO-SINGLE PHOTOIONIZATION RATIO IN HELIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID SYNCHROTRON-RADIATION; BOUND ELECTRONS; X-RAYS AB The effect of Compton scattering on the ratio of double-to-single ionization from photon impact in helium has been measured for 2.1 less than or equal to h nu less than or equal to 5.5 keV using a time-of-flight ion spectrometer with a high relative collection efficiency for Compton ions. Single ionization from Compton scattering is found to contribute measurably to a reduction in the ionization ratio for h nu greater than or similar to 3.5 keV. Our measurements are compared with predictions based on recent calculations of the single and double ionization cross sections for photoabsorption and Compton scattering by Hino et al. [Phys. Rev. A 48, 1271 (1993), Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 1620 (1994)]. Andersson et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 50 (1993)], and Suric et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 790 (1994)]. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV NEBRASKA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,LINCOLN,NE 68588. RP SAGURTON, M (reprint author), SFA INC,1401 MCCORMICK DR,LANDOVER,MD 20785, USA. NR 23 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2829 EP 2834 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.2829 PG 6 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400047 ER PT J AU CHEN, MH REED, KJ MCWILLIAMS, DM AF CHEN, MH REED, KJ MCWILLIAMS, DM TI RESONANT EFFECTS ON ELECTRON-IMPACT IONIZATION OF SODIUM-LIKE SELENIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID EXCITATION-DOUBLE-AUTOIONIZATION; LITHIUM-LIKE IONS; CROSS-SECTIONS; FE-15+; AUGER; EMISSION; RATES AB We have calculated the resonant-excitation-double-autoionization (REDA) cross sections for sodiumlike selenium. The REDA process is treated as a three-step process (i.e., resonant electron capture followed by sequential double Auger emission). The necessary atomic data are computed using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Fock model. The effects of radiative damping can reduce the calculated REDA cross sections by a factor of 6, and the loss channels can further reduce these cross sections by a factor of 2. The REDA processes produce many strong narrow resonances and contribute 10-20 % to the average total ionization cross sections. RP CHEN, MH (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 25 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2881 EP 2884 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.2881 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400054 ER PT J AU DATZ, S LARSSON, M STROMHOLM, C SUNDSTROM, G ZENGIN, V DANARED, H KALLBERG, A AFUGGLAS, M AF DATZ, S LARSSON, M STROMHOLM, C SUNDSTROM, G ZENGIN, V DANARED, H KALLBERG, A AFUGGLAS, M TI DISSOCIATIVE RECOMBINATION OF H2D+ - CROSS-SECTIONS, BRANCHING FRACTIONS, AND ISOTOPE EFFECTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID STORAGE-RING; H-3+; H-3(+) AB We have used the CRYRING heavy-ion storage ring at the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory in Stockholm to store and cool beams of H2D+. These beams circulate with energies of MeV per amu and are merged with an electron beam traveling at nearly the same velocity. In this way, relative energies from a fraction of a meV to tens of an eV are achieved. When dissociative recombination (DR) takes place, the neutral fragments exit the ring and strike a detector, enabling the measurement of total DR cross sections. Using this technique, coupled with a ''translucent barrier'' in which some particles pass directly through holes and others pass through a thin solid and lose part of their energy before striking the detector, we are able to measure the total cross section for DR in H-3(+) and the branching into the three-body (H+H+H) channel and the two-body (H-2+H) channel. Coupling this method with the use of energy absorbers, we are able to measure these quantities for H2D+ and the separate two-body channels HD+H and H-2+D. An isotope effect is observed favoring the formation of HD. C1 ROYAL INST TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS 1, S-10044 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. UNIV STOCKHOLM, MANNE SIEGBAHN LAB, S-10405 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 24 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2901 EP 2909 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.2901 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400056 ER PT J AU SOBEHART, JR FARENGO, R AF SOBEHART, JR FARENGO, R TI NOISE-INDUCED FLUCTUATIONS IN 2-ION SYSTEMS DRIVEN BY LIGHT-BEAMS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID TRAPPED-PARTICLES; LASER; CHAOS; ORDER; LIMIT AB The dynamics of a system composed of two strongly coupled ions trapped in a time-dependent potential well and cooled by a laser beam is studied. In the present classical treatment the photon-ion interaction is simulated with an effective noise acting on the ions, which produces a stochastic transfer of momentum. The existence of noise-induced fluctuations in the regime where previous analysis indicated that the two-ion system dynamics was stable is discussed. C1 COMIS NACL ENERGIA ATOM,GERENCIA DESARROLLO,RA-1429 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. RP SOBEHART, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,MS B-258,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 3022 EP 3026 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.3022 PG 5 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400070 ER PT J AU BERMAN, GP BULGAKOV, EN HOLM, DD AF BERMAN, GP BULGAKOV, EN HOLM, DD TI NONLINEAR RESONANCE AND DYNAMICAL CHAOS IN A DIATOMIC MOLECULE DRIVEN BY A RESONANT IR FIELD SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID INTENSE LASER FIELD; RYDBERG STATES; QUANTUM-MECHANICS; CLASSICAL CHAOS; UNIVERSAL; HF AB We consider the transition from regular motion to dynamical chaos in a classical model of a diatomic molecule which is driven by a circularly polarized resonant ir field. Under the conditions of a nearly two-dimensional case, the Hamiltonian reduces to that for the nonintegrable motion of a charged particle in an electromagnetic wave [A. J. Lichtenberg and M. A. Lieberman, Regular and Stochastic Motion (Springer-Verlag, City, 1983)]. In the general case, the transition to chaos is connected with the overlapping of vibrational-rotational nonlinear resonances and appears even at rather low radiation held intensity, S greater than or similar to 1 GW/cm(2). We also discuss the possibility of experimentally observing this transition. C1 LV KIRENSKII INST PHYS,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. KRASNOYARSK TECH UNIV,RES & EDUC CTR NONLINEAR PROC,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. KRASNOYARSK STATE UNIV,DEPT THEORET,KRASNOYARSK 660036,RUSSIA. RP BERMAN, GP (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T-13,MS-B213,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Holm, Darryl D/0000-0001-6362-9912 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 3074 EP 3081 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.3074 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400075 ER PT J AU BOLDA, EL CHIAO, RY GARRISON, JC AF BOLDA, EL CHIAO, RY GARRISON, JC TI SUPERFLUORESCENCE IN A CONTINUOUSLY PUMPED MEDIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article AB Numerical simulations of an extended sample of three-level atoms with slow dipole dephasing exhibit a superfluorescent pulse shortly after incoherent pumping begins. The operator Maxwell-Bloch equations are simulated by classical Langevin equations. The counterpropagating fields are solved for in the (one-dimensional) limit of the Fresnel number near unity, with open-end boundary conditions. An initial, ''quiet'' buildup of the inversion is followed by superfluorescence. Oscillation of the populations, coherences, and fields is observed. The superfluorescence delay time is compared with analytical predictions made in the linear regime. A transition to amplified spontaneous emission is found as the pump rate is decreased. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP BOLDA, EL (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 3308 EP 3315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.3308 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA TA424 UT WOS:A1995TA42400098 ER PT J AU JIA, YX LU, L KHAZENI, K CRESPI, VH ZETTL, A COHEN, ML AF JIA, YX LU, L KHAZENI, K CRESPI, VH ZETTL, A COHEN, ML TI MAGNETOTRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF LA0.6PB0.4MNO3-DELTA AND ND-0.6(SR0.7PB0.3)(0.4)MNO3-DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID MAGNETORESISTANCE AB Magnetotransport measurements of high-quality single crystals of La0.6Pb0.4MnO3-delta and Nd-0.6(Sr0.7Pb0.3)(0.4)MnO3-delta show a close relationship between giant magnetoresistance and the ferromagnetic ordering transition in these materials. In contrast to results for thin film and polycrystalline materials, magnetoresistance of these single crystals vanishes as T-->0. A two-component polaron model provides a possible framework for the interpretation of the previously unexplained variation in the functional form of rho(H) above and below the Curie temperature. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP JIA, YX (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016; OI Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X; Crespi, Vincent/0000-0003-3846-3193 NR 20 TC 84 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9147 EP 9150 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9147 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500012 ER PT J AU BULAEVSKII, LN LARKIN, AI MALEY, MP VINOKUR, VM AF BULAEVSKII, LN LARKIN, AI MALEY, MP VINOKUR, VM TI QUANTUM DEPINNING IN LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS WITH DEFECTS PRODUCED BY IRRADIATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID COLUMNAR DEFECTS; COLLECTIVE CREEP; VORTICES; CRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE; FILMS; MODEL; LINES AB We consider Magnus force vortex dynamics in superclean superconductors and calculate the quantum tunneling rate of the pancake vortex creep from the pinning cites in the nondissipative limit. The consideration is based on the exact representation of the one-particle wave functions in the magnetic and electric fields. The obtained results are compared to the experimental data and the possibility of the observation of the discrete structure of the pinned pancake energy levels is discussed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP BULAEVSKII, LN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 31 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9205 EP 9208 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9205 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500027 ER PT J AU HEARNE, GR PASTERNAK, MP TAYLOR, RD AF HEARNE, GR PASTERNAK, MP TAYLOR, RD TI MOSSBAUER STUDIES OF PRESSURE-INDUCED AMORPHIZATION IN THE MOLECULAR-CRYSTAL SNBR4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SNI4; PHASE AB Properties of the molecular structure and the Sn(IV) valence of the pressure-amorphized SnBr4 molecular crystal were investigated by Sn-119 Mossbauer spectroscopy. Studies were conducted at 80 K with pressures to 25 GPa, far beyond the amorphization onset at P-c=7-9 GPa as determined by previous Raman studies. No valence change in the Sn(IV) central ion takes place as deduced from the isomer shift (IS) variation with pressure, in contrast to the analogous molecular crystal SnI4 which undergoes amorphization and metallization under pressure. The IS value of 1.15(5) mm/s, with respect to a CaSnO3 source at 300 K, remains practically constant over the whole pressure range, suggesting little variation in both the Sn-Br intramolecular distances and covalency within the amorphous and/or insulator pressure regime. A single line spectrum is characteristic of the Mossbauer data obtained in the 0-5 GPa range, indicating the preservation of fourfold symmetry of the SnBr4 molecule in the crystal. Above 5 GPa, near P-c, a quadruple interaction takes place concurrent with a dramatic increase in the recoil-free fraction (f). The value of the quadrupole splitting reaches a maximum of 0.9 mm/s at P similar to 15 GPa and remains constant thereafter. By similar to 9 GPa the absorption area, which is proportional to f, increases by 30-40 % over the lowest pressure value and then remains constant at higher pressure. These results are consistent with the formation of a molecular species, e.g., a (SnBr4)(2) dimer, lacking the T-d symmetry at the original Sn4+ site and having optical phonons hard enough not to be excited by the nuclear recoil process. Molecular association into (SnBr4)(2) dimers, the building block of the high-pressure disordered state, also explains many of the experimental features of the Raman data. Upon decompression, Mossbauer (and Raman) data suggest that these dimers dissociate into monomers at similar to 5 GPa; however, a disordered structure of SnBr4 persists as pressure is decreased further. Crystallization is fully recovered below 1 GPa. The nature of the pressure-induced amorphization of the insulator SnBr4 is discussed in terms of the structural and valence properties of the analogous metallic SnI4. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP HEARNE, GR (reprint author), TEL AVIV UNIV,SCH PHYS,IL-69978 TEL AVIV,ISRAEL. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9209 EP 9213 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9209 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500028 ER PT J AU PARKS, JE ARAKAWA, ET AF PARKS, JE ARAKAWA, ET TI EVALUATION OF SOFT-X-RAY YIELD OF AL FROM 27.557-MEV NEUTRAL PARTICLES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONS; IMPACT AB Extreme ultraviolet (XUV) emission from Al bombarded by 50-MeV H-0 particles has been reported by James, Sauers, and Arakawa. However, the contribution to the observed signal from scattered electrons has not been evaluated, and the origin of XUV light was not determined since only broadband filters were used. We have therefore measured the XUV emission for 15 keV electrons incident on an Al target using a grazing incidence spectrometer. We find the emission is composed primarily of Al L(23) soft x rays and determine a yield of 0.021 photons/electron. This value is large compared with previous work with high-Z materials, and our yield values are 100 times higher than standard theories which do not consider secondary electrons. We show that L-shell emission in low-Z materials is due primarily to ionizations from secondary electrons created near the surface. Since the number of secondary electrons created by an energetic particle is roughly proportional to the energy deposited by the particle, relative x-ray yields from energetic protons and electrons can be determined from a knowledge of stopping powers. Using stopping power calculations, we estimate that the Al L(23) soft x-ray yield from 27.542-MeV proton bombardment is 0.027 photons/proton. A 27.557-MeV H-0 particle is essentially equivalent to a 27.542-MeV proton and a 15-keV electron; thus, the yield of Al L(23) soft x rays from 27.557-MeV H-0 particle bombardment is 0.048 photons/particle. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP PARKS, JE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9242 EP 9247 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9242 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500032 ER PT J AU NELSON, JS STECHEL, EB WRIGHT, AF PLIMPTON, SJ SCHULTZ, PA SEARS, MP AF NELSON, JS STECHEL, EB WRIGHT, AF PLIMPTON, SJ SCHULTZ, PA SEARS, MP TI BASIS-SET CONVERGENCE OF HIGHLY DEFECTED SITES IN AMORPHOUS-CARBON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NORM-CONSERVING PSEUDOPOTENTIALS; DIAMOND-LIKE CARBON; TOTAL-ENERGY; SYSTEMS; MODEL; DYNAMICS; SURFACES; SOLIDS AB A systematic first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave and linear combination of atomic orbitals basis-set convergence study has been performed for a 64-atom amorphous ''tetrahedral'' carbon network (Drabold et al.). Converged results of the two methods are consistent with each other and indicate that when large, site-dependent bond-angle and bond-length distortions are present, variational freedom within a basis-set representation is crucial for an accurate representation of atomic forces. Minimal basis-set/non-self-consistent methods are not adequate for these systems, but are more applicable to systems with minimal site-dependent, electron-density distortions. RP SANDIA NATL LABS, ORG 1113, MS-0601, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RI Stechel, Ellen/B-1253-2012 NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9354 EP 9359 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9354 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500045 ER PT J AU HELGESEN, G HILL, JP THURSTON, TR GIBBS, D AF HELGESEN, G HILL, JP THURSTON, TR GIBBS, D TI X-RAY-SCATTERING STUDY OF HIGHER HARMONIC SATELLITES NEAR THE ANTIFERROMAGNETIC PHASE-TRANSITIONS IN RARE-EARTH-METALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE EXCHANGE SCATTERING; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION; MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE; HOLMIUM; ERBIUM; POLARIZATION; THULIUM; SYSTEMS; HO AB We present resonant x-ray magnetic scattering studies of the temperature dependence of the magnetic order parameters of Dy, Ho, Er, and Tm single crystals near their antiferromagnetic phase transitions. The experimentally determined values of the critical exponent beta of Er and Tm, which have c-axis modulated structures, are nearly equal and consistent with the mean-field value (beta=0.47+/-0.05 and beta=0.49+/-0.06, respectively). The measured values of Dy and Ho, which have spiral magnetic structures, are lower (beta=0.36+/-0.04 and beta=0.41+/-0.04, respectively). In addition to the primary magnetic order parameters, we have measured the temperature dependence of the intensities of up to four higher harmonics. The exponents of the higher harmonic satellites of Er and Tm exhibit mean-field-like scaling, while those of Ho do not. We discuss these results within the context of simple corrections to mean-field scaling, based on the three-dimensional XY model. We also report measurements of the temperature dependence of the c-axis lattice constants and magnetic wave vectors of all four metals. It is found that the magnetic correlation lengths are reduced near transitions to ferrimagnetic and ferromagnetic phases. C1 INST ENERGY TECHNOL,N-2007 KJELLER,NORWAY. RP HELGESEN, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hill, John/F-6549-2011 NR 49 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9446 EP 9454 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9446 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500057 ER PT J AU EHRENBERG, H WLTSCHEK, G WEITZEL, H TROUW, F BUETTNER, JH KROENER, T FUESS, H AF EHRENBERG, H WLTSCHEK, G WEITZEL, H TROUW, F BUETTNER, JH KROENER, T FUESS, H TI FERRIMAGNETISM IN NI4NB2O9 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AB For the Pbcn form of nickel diniobate Ni4Nb2O9 ferrimagnetic ordering is observed below Tc = 76.1(1) K. Two models for the magnetic structure result in calculated intensities for the magnetic reflections, which are in satisfying agreement to the data observed in neutron powder diffraction. In both cases the magnetic structure consists of two ferromagnetic sublattices according to the two Ni sites, which are antiparallel to each other. One model belongs to the magnetic symmetry group Pb'cn' with the moments aligned parallel [010] and the other one to Pbc'n' with the moments parallel [100]. The absolute values of the magnetic moments, constrained to the same value for both sites, are determined to \mu\ = 1.35(5)mu(B) (60 K) and 1.65(5)mu(B) (1.5 K) for both models; A compensation temperature of T-comp = 33 K is observed, and the magnetic properties can be explained by the competition between antiferromagnetic intrasite and intersite couplings using mean held approximation. In the paramagnetic region an averaged magnetic moment of 3.54(5)mu(B) is derived from the Curie-Weiss constant. These values are in good agreement with the predictions by Hund's rules for Ni2+. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. KERNFORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE GMBH,INST TECH PHYS,FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM KARLSRUHE,D-76021 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. RP EHRENBERG, H (reprint author), TH DARMSTADT,FACHBEREICH MAT WISSENSCH,FACHGEBIET STRUKTURFORSCH,D-64287 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. RI Ehrenberg, Helmut/M-7090-2013 OI Ehrenberg, Helmut/0000-0002-5134-7130 NR 3 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9595 EP 9600 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9595 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500074 ER PT J AU LIU, SH KLEMM, RA AF LIU, SH KLEMM, RA TI SURFACE-STATE EFFECTS IN HIGH-T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COPPER-OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; ENERGY-GAP STRUCTURE; FERMI-SURFACE; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS; TUNNELING SPECTROSCOPY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; BAND-STRUCTURE; BI2SR2CACU2O8; ANISOTROPY AB All copper oxide based high-T-c superconductors share the common property that the c-axis coherence length is shorter than the lattice repeat distance in the same direction. In a semi-infinite system whose top surface is an ab plane, the superconducting properties near the surface may be drastically affected. We report in this paper detailed analyses of the surface properties of model layered superconductors with one and two layers in a unit cell. We have found that for the one-layer model the change in surface electronic structure has no effect on the critical temperature T-c and the order parameter Delta. For a two-layer model with one superconducting (S) layer and one normal (N) layer, the order parameter of the tap S layer is generally larger that that of the bulk. The enhancement effect is particularly large when a band of surface state exists on the top S layer. In this event, the energy gap structure measured by the point-contact tunneling technique is expected to be very different from that measured by the junction tunneling technique. Such differences have been reported for Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8-delta and YBa2Cu3O7-delta. The existence of a surface band also adds complications to the interpretation of the photoemission measurements of the superconducting energy gap, to the extent that the observed gap anisotropy may actually reflect the uneven distribution of the spectral weight of the surface state on the top layer. How to extend these findings to systems with three and more layers in a unit cell will also be discussed. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LIU, SH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 65 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9657 EP 9673 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9657 PG 17 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500082 ER PT J AU STAUB, U SODERHOLM, L SKANTHAKUMAR, S ANTONIO, MR AF STAUB, U SODERHOLM, L SKANTHAKUMAR, S ANTONIO, MR TI OXIDATION-STATE AND MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF PB2SR2TB1-XYXCU3O8 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC-NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CRYSTAL-FIELD EXCITATIONS; X-RAY ABSORPTION; HO3+ IONS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; HOBA2CU3O7; SPECTRA; ND; PR; TB AB L(3)-edge x-ray absorption, inelastic neutron scattering (INS), and magnetic susceptibility experiments are used to characterize the electronic properties of Tb in Pb2Sr2TbCu3O8. The x-ray absorption results indicate that Tb is trivalent and show no evidence for strong hybridization between Tb and the CuO2 bands. The observation of three peaks of magnetic origin in the INS experiments is also a clear indication of the trivalent state of Tb. These peaks are assigned to crystalline electric-field (CEF) transitions, and their energies and intensities are consistent with the CEF potential expected for a trivalent rare earth in the Pb(2)Sr(2)RCu(3)O(8) lattice. The low-energy response in the INS spectra at low temperatures is described using the mean-held approximation. Single crystal and polycrystalline susceptibilities show deviations from calculations and differ from magnetically diluted samples. These deviations are observed for temperatures less than 120 K and we interpret this as the onset temperature of the magnetic Tb-Tb short-range correlations. This interpretation is supported by the temperature dependence of the magnetic INS intensities at low energies. The onset temperature, estimated at 120 K, is more than an order of magnitude higher than seen in any related system, as well as much higher than the two-dimensional long-range ordering temperature at T=5.5 K. This unusual behavior is understood in terms of the highly two-dimensional nature of the lattice combined with the strongly Ising-like magnetic properties. In addition to the Tb-Tb correlations, the susceptibility experiments on a magnetically dilute sample indicate a weak rare-earth Cu exchange interaction. RP STAUB, U (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Staub, Urs/C-4914-2015 NR 45 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9736 EP 9745 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9736 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500092 ER PT J AU LIU, DJ EINSTEIN, TL STERNE, PA WILLE, LT AF LIU, DJ EINSTEIN, TL STERNE, PA WILLE, LT TI PHASE-DIAGRAM OF A 2-DIMENSIONAL LATTICE-GAS MODEL OF OXYGEN ORDERING IN YBA2CU3OZ WITH REALISTIC INTERACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID LOW-TEMPERATURE BEHAVIOR; BASAL-PLANE; MONTE-CARLO; TRANSFORMATIONS; TRANSITIONS; DIFFRACTION AB We have determined a first-principles temperature-composition phase diagram describing the ordering of oxygen atoms in the ''chain'' layers of YBa2Cu3Oz. The calculations are based on a transfer-matrix finite-size-scaling study of a two-dimensional lattice-gas Hamiltonian (the asymmetric next-nearest-neighbor Ising [ASYNNNI] model). The interaction parameters are obtained from ab initio electronic structure calculations. The resulting phase diagram compares favorably with experiment. We analyze its sensitivity to the relative size of the interactions. We also show that the addition of a third-neighbor interaction has a minimal effect on the phase boundaries. Based on these results, we assess the applicability of the ASYNNNI model to YBa2Cu3Oz. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT PHYS, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. FLORIDA ATLANTIC UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BOCA RATON, FL 33431 USA. RP LIU, DJ (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND, DEPT PHYS, COLLEGE PK, MD 20742 USA. OI Einstein, Theodore L./0000-0001-6031-4923 NR 48 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 EI 1550-235X J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 13 BP 9784 EP 9792 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.9784 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RY425 UT WOS:A1995RY42500096 ER PT J AU LIPKIN, HJ AF LIPKIN, HJ TI MOSSBAUER SUM-RULES FOR USE WITH SYNCHROTRON SOURCES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR BRAGG SCATTERING; RADIATION AB The availability of tunable synchrotron radiation sources with millivolt resolution has opened prospects for exploring dynamics of complex systems with Mossbauer spectroscopy. Early Mossbauer treatments and moment sum rules are extended to treat inelastic excitations measured in synchrotron experiments, with emphasis on the unique conditions absent in neutron scattering and arising in resonance scattering: prompt absorption, delayed emission, recoilfree transitions, and coherent forward scattering. The first moment sum rule normalizes the inelastic spectrum. Sum rules obtained for higher moments include the third moment proportional to the second derivative of the potential acting on the Mossbauer nucleus and independent of temperature in the harmonic approximation. Interesting information may be obtained on the behavior of the potential acting on this nucleus in samples not easily investigated with neutron scattering, e.g., small samples, thin films, time-dependent structures, and amorphous-metallic high pressure phases. C1 WEIZMANN INST SCI,DEPT PARTICLE PHYS,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. RP LIPKIN, HJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ADV PHOTON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 28 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP 10073 EP 10079 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.10073 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700041 ER PT J AU PLATZMAN, PM LENOSKY, T AF PLATZMAN, PM LENOSKY, T TI POSSIBILITIES FOR SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN 2-DIMENSIONAL GAAS BILAYERS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-GAS AB We show that Coulomb; coupled bilayers of the type which can be fabricated in GaAs systems can have a ''conventional'' BCS superconducting instability at reasonable temperatures, i.e., 0.1 K < T-c less than or similar to 1 K. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP PLATZMAN, PM (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP 10327 EP 10329 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.10327 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700070 ER PT J AU DESOTO, SM SLICHTER, CP KINI, AM WANG, HH GEISER, U WILLIAMS, JM AF DESOTO, SM SLICHTER, CP KINI, AM WANG, HH GEISER, U WILLIAMS, JM TI C-13 NMR-STUDIES OF THE NORMAL AND SUPERCONDUCTING STATES OF THE ORGANIC SUPERCONDUCTOR KAPPA-(ET)(2)CU[N(CN)(2)]BR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPIN-LATTICE RELAXATION; KAPPA-(BEDT-TTF)2CUBR; YBA2CU3O7; TC AB The authors report C-13 NMR spin-lattice relaxation rates 1/T-1 and Knight shifts K-S in the quasi-two-dimensional organic superconductor kappa-(ET)(2)Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br (T-c=11.6 K), for an aligned single crystal. The normal-state behavior is reminiscent of the high-T-c cuprates, in which antiferromagnetic fluctuations and spin-gap behavior dominate. In the superconducting state, the data rule out the BCS electron-phonon mechanism as the source of the superconductivity, but support an unconventional pairing state with possible nodes in the gap function. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,MAT RES LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP DESOTO, SM (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. RI Kini, Aravinda/F-4467-2012 NR 29 TC 183 Z9 184 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP 10364 EP 10368 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.10364 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700075 ER PT J AU DERVENAGAS, P BULLOCK, M ZARESTKY, J CANFIELD, PC CHO, BK HARMON, B GOLDMAN, AI STASSIS, C AF DERVENAGAS, P BULLOCK, M ZARESTKY, J CANFIELD, PC CHO, BK HARMON, B GOLDMAN, AI STASSIS, C TI SOFT PHONONS IN SUPERCONDUCTING LUNI2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note AB Inelastic-neutron-scattering techniques have been used to measure the low-lying phonon-dispersion curves of superconducting LuNi2B2C along the[xi 00] and [00 xi] symmetry directions. The most important result of this experiment is that the phonon frequencies of the acoustic and first optical Delta(4) [xi 00] branches in the vicinity of the zone-boundary point G(1) decrease with decreasing temperature. Actually these two branches exhibit pronounced dips at low temperatures, close to G(1). This shows that the electron-phonon interaction is quite strong and causes an incipient lattice instability, a behavior typical of strongly coupled conventional superconductors. Furthermore, the phonon anomalies occur at wave vectors close to those of the incommensurate magnetically ordered structures observed in the magnetic compounds of this family, which suggests that both the magnetic ordering and the incipient lattice instabilities are influenced by common nesting features of the Fermi surfaces of the rare-earth nickel boride carbides. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RP DERVENAGAS, P (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 25 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP R9839 EP R9842 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700007 ER PT J AU FLIPPEN, RB ASKEW, TR FENDRICH, JA VANDERBEEK, CJ AF FLIPPEN, RB ASKEW, TR FENDRICH, JA VANDERBEEK, CJ TI SURFACE FLUX-PINNING IN YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; CU-O CRYSTAL; CRITICAL-FIELD; IRREVERSIBILITY AB We report on the temperature and field dependence of the ac susceptibility and magnetic hysteresis of a number of YBa2CU3O7-delta Single crystals with very low twin boundary densities and with defects added in a controlled manner to the crystal surfaces. It is shown that surface damage is by far the most important source of flux pinning, and that substantial shifts in the irreversibility line can be controlled by the number and type of defects added to the surface. C1 KALAMAZOO COLL,DEPT PHYS,KALAMAZOO,MI 49006. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ECOLE POLYTECH FED LAUSANNE,DEPT PHYS,INST GENIE ATOM,CH-1015 LAUSANNE,SWITZERLAND. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP FLIPPEN, RB (reprint author), DUPONT CO INC,EXPTL STN,WILMINGTON,DE 19880, USA. NR 16 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP R9882 EP R9885 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700018 ER PT J AU SAFAR, H COULTER, JY MALEY, MP FOLTYN, S ARENDT, P WU, XD WILLIS, JO AF SAFAR, H COULTER, JY MALEY, MP FOLTYN, S ARENDT, P WU, XD WILLIS, JO TI ANISOTROPY AND LORENTZ-FORCE DEPENDENCE OF THE CRITICAL CURRENTS IN YBA2CU3O7-DELTA THICK-FILMS DEPOSITED ON NICKEL-ALLOY SUBSTRATES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; BOSON LOCALIZATION; TEMPERATURE AB We investigate the angular dependence of the critical currents in YBa(2)Cn(3)O(7-delta) thick films deposited on metallic nickel-alloy substrates, with the aid of an yttria-stabilized zirconia buffer layer. Overall, the critical current shows a clear Lorentz-force dependence and two distinctive peaks, one for fields parallel to the ab plane, due to bulk intrinsic pinning by the layered structure of the superconductor, and the other for fields parallel to the c axis, which we attribute to twin-boundary c-axis correlated pinning, as suggested by its Lorentz-force dependence. RP SAFAR, H (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR SUPERCONDUCT TECHNOL,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 22 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP R9875 EP R9878 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700016 ER PT J AU SHIMIZU, T MACLAUGHLIN, DE HAMMEL, PC THOMPSON, JD CHEONG, SW AF SHIMIZU, T MACLAUGHLIN, DE HAMMEL, PC THOMPSON, JD CHEONG, SW TI SPIN SUSCEPTIBILITY AND LOW-LYING EXCITATIONS IN THE HALDANE-GAP COMPOUND Y2BANIO5 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID S = 1; FIELD-THEORY; CHAIN; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; RELAXATION; SYSTEM; SHIFTS; STATE; NENP; NMR AB (89)NMR frequency shifts K and spin-lattice relaxation rates 1/T-1 have been measured in the chain nickelate Y2BaNiO5. Between 40 and 300 K the anisotropic shift is proportional to the isotropic shift K-iso, which is incompatible with existing theory of the spin susceptibility in Haldane-gap antiferromagnets. In addition, different energy gaps are obtained from shift and spin-lattice relaxation data: E(g) (K-iso)=80+/-5 K, whereas E(g)(1/T-1) = 122+/-8 K. This is also unexpected, and indicates that the dynamic susceptibility chi(q,omega) is more strongly gapped for large q than for q = 0. C1 NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP SHIMIZU, T (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Hammel, P Chris/O-4845-2014 OI Hammel, P Chris/0000-0002-4138-4798 NR 26 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP R9835 EP R9838 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700006 ER PT J AU VOGT, T BUTTREY, DJ AF VOGT, T BUTTREY, DJ TI LOW-TEMPERATURE STRUCTURAL BEHAVIOR OF SR2RUO4 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note AB Using high-resolution neutron powder diffraction we have shown that in Sr2RuO4 the onset of superconductivity is not accompanied by long-range structural distortions. This is in marked contrast to the isostructural copper-containing layered perovskites and points toward a more conventional superconducting mechanism. We have observed a structural response to the metal-to-insulator phase transition near 100 K. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEWARK,DE 19716. RP VOGT, T (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Vogt, Thomas /A-1562-2011 OI Vogt, Thomas /0000-0002-4731-2787 NR 7 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 14 BP R9843 EP R9846 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA TA427 UT WOS:A1995TA42700008 ER PT J AU METLAY, MP JOHNSON, JL CANTERBURY, JD COTTLE, PD NESTOR, CW RAMAN, S ZELEVINSKY, VG AF METLAY, MP JOHNSON, JL CANTERBURY, JD COTTLE, PD NESTOR, CW RAMAN, S ZELEVINSKY, VG TI ARE OCTUPOLE VIBRATIONS HARMONIC SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC ALPHA-SCATTERING; EVEN-EVEN NUCLEI; STRENGTH DISTRIBUTIONS; ZR-96; EXCITATIONS; COLLECTIVITY; ISOTOPES AB The anharmonicity of octupole vibrations is deduced over a wide range of Z and A through the examination of summed B(E3)up arrow values for all 3(-) states in a given nuclide versus the centroid energy for those states. Data obtained with the (p,p'), (d,d'), and (alpha,alpha') reactions are used, as opposed to an earlier study based on Coulomb excitation and lifetime data. Results of the new analysis support earlier observations of significant anharmonicity, but leave open the possibility of greater harmonicity than was previously supposed. Fits to the experimental data are discussed within the framework of the hydrodynamical model and possible mechanisms for the observed behavior are suggested. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,E LANSING,MI 48824. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCOND CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. RP METLAY, MP (reprint author), FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306, USA. NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1801 EP 1806 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1801 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000017 ER PT J AU BATCHELDER, JC TOTH, KS MOLTZ, DM OGNIBENE, TJ ROWE, MW BINGHAM, CR ZGANJAR, EF ZIMMERMAN, BE AF BATCHELDER, JC TOTH, KS MOLTZ, DM OGNIBENE, TJ ROWE, MW BINGHAM, CR ZGANJAR, EF ZIMMERMAN, BE TI EXCITATION-ENERGY OF THE PI-S(1/2) INTRUDER STATE IN BI-189 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID MASS NUCLEI; ALPHA-DECAY; COEXISTENCE; ISOTOPES AB In a series of Ti-48 bombardments of Sm-144 the decay energy of the Bi-189(m) (pi s(1/2)) alpha transition that proceeds to the (pi s(1/2)) ground state of Tl-185 was measured to be 7.30(4) MeV. This result establishes the excitation energy of Bi-189(m) as 190(40) keV rather than the adopted 92(10)-keV value. Our data indicate a leveling off in excitation energy at N approximate to 106 for the s(1/2) intruder state in the odd-A Bi isotopes rather than a continued drop at that neutron number as inferred by Coenen et al. in their discussion of intruder state systematics in the Pb region. Consequences of this discrepancy for the adopted excitation energy of the pi s(1/2) isomer in Bi-187 are discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP BATCHELDER, JC (reprint author), LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803, USA. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1807 EP 1809 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1807 PG 3 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000018 ER PT J AU LLOPE, WJ BAUER, W CRAIG, D GUALTIERI, EE HANNUSCHKE, S LACEY, RA LAURET, J LI, T MADER, CM NADASEN, A NORBECK, E PAK, R PEILERT, G STONE, NTB VANDERMOLEN, AM WESTFALL, GD YEE, Y AF LLOPE, WJ BAUER, W CRAIG, D GUALTIERI, EE HANNUSCHKE, S LACEY, RA LAURET, J LI, T MADER, CM NADASEN, A NORBECK, E PAK, R PEILERT, G STONE, NTB VANDERMOLEN, AM WESTFALL, GD YEE, Y TI THE SPHERICITY OF CENTRAL HEAVY-ION REACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; EVENT-SHAPE-ANALYSIS; STATISTICAL MULTIFRAGMENTATION; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS; HOT NUCLEI; FRAGMENT PRODUCTION; PHASE-TRANSITION; DECAY; EMISSION; FISSION AB We have experimentally studied small impact parameter heavy-ion collisions in the (nearly) symmetry entrance channels C-12+C-12, Ne-20+Al-27, Ar-40+Sc-45, Kr-84+Nb-93, and Xe-129+La-139, each at many intermediate beam energies. The results from a number of analyses based on a projection of the ''shapes'' of the experimental events called the sphericity are presented. Comparisons of the relative efficiencies of various experimental methods for the selection of central events are made, The importance of autocorrelations between the sphericity and the various impact-parameter-dependent variables is evaluated. Searches for beam energy-dependent transitions from sequential binary disassembly to multifragmentation in the central events are described. Comparisons to dynamic and hybrid model code calculations will be discussed. The average sphericities of the intermediate mass fragments (IMF's, for which 3 less than or equal to Z less than or similar to 20), are presented. The possibility that the IMF emission occurs following the formation of transient toroidal or disk-like geometries in the central events is explored. Increases in the average sphericities of the central events for increasing beam energies are observed which is attributed to transitions from sequential binary disassembly to multifragmentation. The transitional beam energies for the central Ar-40+Sc-35, Kr-84+Nb-93, and Xe-129+La-139 reactions are near similar to 50, similar to 40, and similar to 40 MeV/nucleon, respectively. C1 MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,NATL SUPERCOND CYCLOTRON LAB,E LANSING,MI 48824. SUNY STONY BROOK,DEPT CHEM,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT PHYS,DEARBORN,MI 48128. TEXAS A&M UNIV,INST CYCLOTRON,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. HOPE COLL,DEPT PHYS,HOLLAND,MI 49423. RP LLOPE, WJ (reprint author), RICE UNIV,TW BONNER NUCL LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77251, USA. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1900 EP 1914 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1900 PG 15 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000029 ER PT J AU CHINN, CR ELSTER, C THALER, RM WEPPNER, SP AF CHINN, CR ELSTER, C THALER, RM WEPPNER, SP TI PROPAGATOR MODIFICATIONS IN ELASTIC NUCLEON-NUCLEUS SCATTERING WITHIN THE SPECTATOR EXPANSION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; PROTON-SCATTERING; POLARIZED PROTONS; DEPENDENCE; CA-40 AB The theory of the elastic scattering of a nucleon from a nucleus is presented in the form of a spectator expansion of the optical potential. Particular attention is paid to the treatment of the free projectile-nucleus propagator when the coupling of the struck target nucleon to the residual target must be taken into consideration. First order calculations within this framework are shown for neutron total cross sections and for proton scattering for a number of target nuclides at a variety of energies. The calculated values of these observables are in very good agreement with measurement. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR COMUTAT INTENS PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OHIO UNIV,INST NUCL & PARTICLE PHYS,ATHENS,OH 45701. OHIO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,ATHENS,OH 45701. CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CLEVELAND,OH 44106. RP CHINN, CR (reprint author), VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235, USA. RI Elster, Charlotte/N-9845-2015 NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1992 EP 2003 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1992 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000040 ER PT J AU BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, T DAVID, G DEE, J DIEBOLD, GE DIETZSCH, O GERMANI, JV GILBERT, S GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MARK, SK MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PRUNEAU, C ROSATI, M ROTONDO, FS DASILVA, NC SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM WANG, G WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C AF BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE CORMIER, T DAVID, G DEE, J DIEBOLD, GE DIETZSCH, O GERMANI, JV GILBERT, S GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MAJKA, R MARK, SK MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PRUNEAU, C ROSATI, M ROTONDO, FS DASILVA, NC SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAI, H TAKAGUI, EM WANG, G WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C TI TRANSVERSE ENERGY AND CHARGED-PARTICLE MULTIPLICITY IN P-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS AT 14.6-GEV/C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID SAMPLING CALORIMETER; DISTRIBUTIONS AB We present the transverse energy distributions, d sigma/dE(T) and dE(T)/d eta, and the charged particle multiplicity distributions, d sigma/dN(c) and dN(c)/d eta, produced in p+Al and p+Pb collisions at 14.6 GeV/c. The data exhibit a weak correlation between these global variables. While a significant increase of the mean multiplicity with the mass of the target is observed, the transverse energy distributions show little target dependence. The dE(T)/d eta distribution shifts backward as the mass of the target increases, indicating the presence of rescattering. The data are compared to the predictions of the relativistic quantum molecular dynamic model (RQMD) and Fritiof event generators. RQMD reproduces well the main features of the data while Fritiof predicts too forward peaked transverse energy and particle multiplicity pseudorapidity distributions. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2B2,CANADA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUNY STONY BROOK,NEW YORK,NY 11794. UNIV SAO PAULO,BR-05508 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP BARRETTE, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sonnadara, Upul/E-6359-2010; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012 OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2028 EP 2036 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.2028 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000044 ER PT J AU ENGEL, J RESSELL, MT TOWNER, IS ORMAND, WE AF ENGEL, J RESSELL, MT TOWNER, IS ORMAND, WE TI RESPONSE OF MICA TO WEAKLY INTERACTING MASSIVE PARTICLES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID DARK MATTER; MATRIX-ELEMENTS; CROSS-SECTIONS; NUCLEI; SCATTERING; MODEL; M1 AB We calculate spin-dependent cross sections for the scattering from mica of hypothetical weakly interacting dark-matter particles such as neutralinos. The most abundant odd-A isotopes in mica, Al-27 and K-39, require different shell-model treatments. The calculated cross sections will allow the interpretation of ongoing experiments that look for tracks due to the interaction of dark-matter particles with nuclei in ancient mica. C1 CALTECH, WK KELLOGG RADIAT LAB, PASADENA, CA 91125 USA. AECL, CHALK RIVER LABS, CHALK RIVER, ON K0J 1J0, CANADA. UNIV TENNESSEE, DEPT PHYS, KNOXVILLE, TN 37996 USA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV PHYS, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RP ENGEL, J (reprint author), UNIV N CAROLINA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, CHAPEL HILL, NC 27599 USA. NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 EI 1089-490X J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2216 EP 2221 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.2216 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000062 ER PT J AU HILD, T SCHMIDTOTT, WD KUNZE, V MEISSNER, F SALEWSKI, H TOTH, KS MICHAELSEN, R AF HILD, T SCHMIDTOTT, WD KUNZE, V MEISSNER, F SALEWSKI, H TOTH, KS MICHAELSEN, R TI DECAYS OF HF-160-162 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID ALPHA-DECAY; ISOTOPES; HF; TA AB The alpha and beta decays of Hf-160-162 were measured following their productions in Ba-135(S-32,xn) reactions. For the first time gamma transitions following Hf-160 beta decay were observed. Partial beta-decay schemes of Hf-161,Hf-162 are presented and the alpha decay rates of Hf-160 and Hf-162 are discussed within the systematics of 0(+)-->0(+) alpha reduced widths. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,D-14109 BERLIN,GERMANY. RP HILD, T (reprint author), UNIV GOTTINGEN,INST PHYS 2,D-37073 GOTTINGEN,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2236 EP 2239 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.2236 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000065 ER PT J AU AHMAD, I REHM, KE KANTER, EP KUTSCHERA, W PHILLIPS, WR BARNETT, AR AF AHMAD, I REHM, KE KANTER, EP KUTSCHERA, W PHILLIPS, WR BARNETT, AR TI HALF-LIVES OF ISOMERIC STATES IN FE-57 AND KR-83 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note AB The half-lives of the 14.4 keV isomeric state in Fe-57 and the 9.4 keV isomeric state in Kr-83 have been accurately measured using electronic timing. The two isomers were populated in the electron capture decays of Co-57 and Rb-83, and the time distributions between gamma-gamma cascades proceeding via the isomers were determined. Results are 99.2(4) and 155.1(12) ns for the Fe-57 and Kr-83 states respectively. C1 UNIV MANCHESTER,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,MANCHESTER M13 9PL,LANCS,ENGLAND. RP AHMAD, I (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2240 EP 2241 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.2240 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000066 ER PT J AU GLENDENNING, NK PEI, S AF GLENDENNING, NK PEI, S TI CRYSTALLINE-STRUCTURE OF THE MIXED CONFINED-DECONFINED PHASE IN NEUTRON-STARS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID QUARK MATTER; HYPERNUCLEI; STATE AB We calculate that the geometrical structure of the crystalline solid mixed phase of confined-deconfined hadronic matter in neutron stars-its form, size, spacing, and location in the star-is highly individualistic according to small changes in the stellar mass. This suggests a possible connection with the wide range of glitch behavior observed in different pulsars, since glitches are almost certainly associated with solid regions. C1 BEIJING NORMAL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BEIJING 100875,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP GLENDENNING, NK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 21 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2250 EP 2253 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.2250 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000069 ER PT J AU YOUNES, W CIZEWSKI, JA JIN, HQ BERNSTEIN, LA MCNABB, DP DAVIDS, CN JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL LISTER, CJ BLUMENTHAL, DJ CARPENTER, MP HENDERSON, D HENRY, RG LAURITSEN, T NISIUS, DT PENTTILA, HT DRIGERT, MW AF YOUNES, W CIZEWSKI, JA JIN, HQ BERNSTEIN, LA MCNABB, DP DAVIDS, CN JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL LISTER, CJ BLUMENTHAL, DJ CARPENTER, MP HENDERSON, D HENRY, RG LAURITSEN, T NISIUS, DT PENTTILA, HT DRIGERT, MW TI SPECTROSCOPY OF PO-194 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID NUCLEI AB Prompt, in-beam gamma rays following the reaction Yb-170 + 142 MeV Si-28 were measured at the ATLAS facility using 10 Compton-suppressed Ge detectors and the Fragment Mass Analyzer. Transitions in Po-194 were identified and placed using gamma-ray singles and coincidence data gated on the mass of the evaporation residues. A level spectrum up to J approximate to 10 (h) over bar was established. The structure of Po-194 is more collective than that observed in the heavier polonium isotopes and indicates that the structure has started to evolve toward the more collective nature expected for deformed nuclei. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. IDAHO NUCL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP YOUNES, W (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ, USA. RI Penttila, Heikki/A-4420-2013; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 11 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP R1723 EP R1726 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA TB020 UT WOS:A1995TB02000001 ER PT J AU Morelos, A Albuquerque, LF Bondar, NF Carrigan, R Chen, D Cooper, PS Lisheng, D Denisov, AS Dobrovolsky, AV Dubbs, T Endler, AMF Escobar, CO Foucher, M Golovtsov, VL Gottschalk, H Gouffon, P Grachev, VT Khanzadeev, AV Kubantsev, MA Kuropatkin, NP Lach, J Pengfei, L Lebedenko, VN Chengze, L Yunshan, L Luksys, M Mahon, JRP McCliment, E Newsom, C Maia, MCP Samsonov, VM Schegelsky, VA Huanzhang, S Smith, VJ Fukun, T Terentyev, NK Timm, S Tkatch, II Uvarov, LN Vorolyov, AA Jie, Y Wenheng, Z Shuchen, Z Yuanyuan, Z AF Morelos, A Albuquerque, LF Bondar, NF Carrigan, R Chen, D Cooper, PS Lisheng, D Denisov, AS Dobrovolsky, AV Dubbs, T Endler, AMF Escobar, CO Foucher, M Golovtsov, VL Gottschalk, H Gouffon, P Grachev, VT Khanzadeev, AV Kubantsev, MA Kuropatkin, NP Lach, J Pengfei, L Lebedenko, VN Chengze, L Yunshan, L Luksys, M Mahon, JRP McCliment, E Newsom, C Maia, MCP Samsonov, VM Schegelsky, VA Huanzhang, S Smith, VJ Fukun, T Terentyev, NK Timm, S Tkatch, II Uvarov, LN Vorolyov, AA Jie, Y Wenheng, Z Shuchen, Z Yuanyuan, Z TI P-t and x(F) dependence of the polarization of Sigma(+) hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID 800-GEV/C PROTONS AB We utilize the angle and momentum resolution of our apparatus to study the polarization of 375 GeV/c Sigma(+) hyperons produced by 800 GeV/c protons incident on a Cu target. By examining in detail two of our high statistics data samples, we find evidence for structure in the p(t) dependence of Sigma(+) polarization and are able to extract the x(F) dependence of the Sigma(+) polarization and compare it with x(F) behavior in the Lambda(0) and Xi(-) systems. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,BEIJING 100039,PEOPLES R CHINA. ST PETERSBURG NUCL PHYS INST,GATCHINA,RUSSIA. INST THEORET & EXPTL PHYS,MOSCOW 117259,RUSSIA. UNIV IOWA,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV SAO PAULO,BR-05508 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. YALE UNIV,JW GIBBS LAB,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. CNPQ,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. SUNY ALBANY,ALBANY,NY 12222. UNIV BRISTOL,HH WILLS PHYS LAB,BRISTOL BS8 1TL,AVON,ENGLAND. CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. UNIV PARAIBA,PARAIBA,BRAZIL. RI Gouffon, Philippe/I-4549-2012 OI Gouffon, Philippe/0000-0001-7511-4115 NR 12 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3777 EP 3780 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.3777 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200004 ER PT J AU Bai, JZ Bardon, O Blum, I Breakstone, A Burnett, T Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, J Chen, SJ Chen, SM Chen, Y Chen, YB Chen, YQ Cheng, BS Cowan, RF Cui, HC Cui, XZ Ding, HL Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fan, XL Fang, J Fero, M Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gao, WX Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Gu, YF Guo, YN Han, SW Han, Y Harris, FA Hatanaka, M He, J He, KR He, M Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, HB Hu, T Hu, XQ Huang, DQ Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jia, QP Jiang, CH Jin, Y Jones, L Kang, SH Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Lai, YF Lan, HB Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, F Li, J Li, PQ Li, Q Li, RB Li, W Li, WD Li, WG Li, X Li, XN Lin, SZ Liu, HM Liu, JH Liu, Q Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZA Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, JG Ma, AM Ma, EC Ma, JM Mao, HS Mao, ZP Malchow, R Mandelkern, M Meng, XC Ni, HL Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Prabhakar, E Qi, ND Que, YK Quigley, J Rong, G Schernau, M Schmid, B Schultz, J Shao, YY Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, HZ Shi, XR Smith, A Soderstrom, E Song, XF Standifird, J Stoker, D Sun, F Sun, HS Sun, SJ Synodinos, J Tan, YP Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Torrence, E Wang, F Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, TJ Wang, W Wang, YY Whittaker, S Wilson, R Wisniewski, WJ Xi, DM Xia, XM Xie, PP Xu, DZ Xu, RS Xu, ZQ Xue, ST Yamamoto, R Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, CM Yang, CY Yang, W Yao, HB Ye, MH Ye, SZ Yu, CS Yu, CX Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, LS Zhang, SQ Zhang, Y Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, PD Zhao, WR Zhao, WX Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhou, GP Zhou, HS Zhou, L Zhou, XF Zhou, YH Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhuang, BA Zioulas, G AF Bai, JZ Bardon, O Blum, I Breakstone, A Burnett, T Chen, GP Chen, HF Chen, J Chen, SJ Chen, SM Chen, Y Chen, YB Chen, YQ Cheng, BS Cowan, RF Cui, HC Cui, XZ Ding, HL Du, ZZ Dunwoodie, W Fan, XL Fang, J Fero, M Gao, CS Gao, ML Gao, SQ Gao, WX Gratton, P Gu, JH Gu, SD Gu, WX Gu, YF Guo, YN Han, SW Han, Y Harris, FA Hatanaka, M He, J He, KR He, M Hitlin, DG Hu, GY Hu, HB Hu, T Hu, XQ Huang, DQ Huang, YZ Izen, JM Jia, QP Jiang, CH Jin, Y Jones, L Kang, SH Kelsey, MH Kim, BK Lai, YF Lan, HB Lang, PF Lankford, A Li, F Li, J Li, PQ Li, Q Li, RB Li, W Li, WD Li, WG Li, X Li, XN Lin, SZ Liu, HM Liu, JH Liu, Q Liu, RG Liu, Y Liu, ZA Lou, XC Lowery, B Lu, JG Ma, AM Ma, EC Ma, JM Mao, HS Mao, ZP Malchow, R Mandelkern, M Meng, XC Ni, HL Nie, J Olsen, SL Oyang, J Paluselli, D Pan, LJ Panetta, J Porter, F Prabhakar, E Qi, ND Que, YK Quigley, J Rong, G Schernau, M Schmid, B Schultz, J Shao, YY Shen, DL Shen, H Shen, XY Sheng, HY Shi, HZ Shi, XR Smith, A Soderstrom, E Song, XF Standifird, J Stoker, D Sun, F Sun, HS Sun, SJ Synodinos, J Tan, YP Tang, SQ Toki, W Tong, GL Torrence, E Wang, F Wang, LS Wang, LZ Wang, M Wang, P Wang, PL Wang, SM Wang, TJ Wang, W Wang, YY Whittaker, S Wilson, R Wisniewski, WJ Xi, DM Xia, XM Xie, PP Xu, DZ Xu, RS Xu, ZQ Xue, ST Yamamoto, R Yan, J Yan, WG Yang, CM Yang, CY Yang, W Yao, HB Ye, MH Ye, SZ Yu, CS Yu, CX Yu, ZQ Yuan, CZ Zhang, BY Zhang, CC Zhang, DH Zhang, HL Zhang, J Zhang, JW Zhang, LS Zhang, SQ Zhang, Y Zhang, YY Zhao, DX Zhao, JW Zhao, M Zhao, PD Zhao, WR Zhao, WX Zheng, JP Zheng, LS Zheng, ZP Zhou, GP Zhou, HS Zhou, L Zhou, XF Zhou, YH Zhu, QM Zhu, YC Zhu, YS Zhuang, BA Zioulas, G TI Direct measurement of the D-3 branching fraction to phi pi SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB The Beijing Spectrometer (BES) Collaboration has observed exclusive pair production of D-s mesons at the Beijing Electron-Positron Collider (BEPC) at a center-of-mass energy of 4.03 GeV. The D-s mesons are detected in the phi pi(+), (K) over bar*K-0(+), and (K) over bar(0)K(+) decay modes; two fully reconstructed events yield the value (3.9 (-1.9 -1.1) (+5.1 +1.8))% for the D-s branching fraction to phi pi. This is the first direct, model-independent measurement of this quantity. C1 BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV SCI & TECHNOL CHINA,HEFEI 230026,PEOPLES R CHINA. COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. SHANDONG UNIV,JINAN 250100,PEOPLES R CHINA. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV TEXAS,RICHARDSON,TX 75083. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. RP Bai, JZ (reprint author), INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,BEIJING 100039,PEOPLES R CHINA. RI Chen, Yu/E-3788-2012 NR 13 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3781 EP 3784 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.3781 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200005 ER PT J AU Aharonov, Y Avignone, FT Brodzinski, RL Collar, JI Garcia, E Miley, HS Morales, A Morales, J Nussinov, S deSolorzano, AO Puimedon, J Reeves, JH Saenz, C Salinas, A Sarsa, ML Villar, JA AF Aharonov, Y Avignone, FT Brodzinski, RL Collar, JI Garcia, E Miley, HS Morales, A Morales, J Nussinov, S deSolorzano, AO Puimedon, J Reeves, JH Saenz, C Salinas, A Sarsa, ML Villar, JA TI New laboratory bounds on the stability of the electron SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EXPERIMENTAL LIMIT; CHARGE CONSERVATION; DARK MATTER; DECAY; MASS AB A set of two natural abundance Ge detectors of 1.1 kg each, located in the Homestake mine, and one small, 0.253 kg, Ge detector operating in the Canfranc railway tunnel in Spain, have been used to obtain bounds on the stability of the electron against the decay modes e(-) --> gamma nu(e) and e(-) --> nu(e) nu(e) nu(e). The bounds on the mean lives are tau(gamma nu(e)) > 3.7(2.1) X 10(25) yr 68%(90%) C.L. and tau(nu(e) nu(e) nu(e)) > 4.3(2.6) X 10(23) yr, 68%(90%) C.L., which are at present the most stringent laboratory limits for these decays. The theoretical controversy concerning the relevance of such data to fundamental tests of charge conservation is also considered. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV ZARAGOZA, FIS NUCL LAB, E-50009 ZARAGOZA, SPAIN. TEL AVIV UNIV, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. RP UNIV S CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. RI Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/K-6108-2014; Villar, Jose Angel/K-6630-2014; OI Sarsa Sarsa, Maria Luisa/0000-0002-7552-1228; Villar, Jose Angel/0000-0003-0228-7589; Garcia Abancens, Eduardo/0000-0002-9827-2332 NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3785 EP 3792 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.3785 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200006 ER PT J AU Greco, M Rolli, S AF Greco, M Rolli, S TI Light meson production at the Fermilab tevatron to next-to-leading order SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PARTON-PARTON SCATTERING; = 1.8 TEV; CROSS-SECTION; QCD CORRECTIONS; COLLISIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATION; PHOTON AB Inclusive production of light mesons (pi(o), eta, pi(+/-), K-+/-) at the Fermilab Tevatron is considered in QCD to next-to-leading order in the formalism of fragmentation functions. We present various distributions of phenomenological interest, along with a new set of K meson fragmentation functions. The fragmentation properties of jets in charged and neutral pions are also considered. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. UNIV PAVIA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS NUCL & TEOR,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PAVIA,I-27100 PAVIA,ITALY. NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,FERMILAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP Greco, M (reprint author), UNIV AQUILA,DIPARTIMENTO FIS,LAQUILA,ITALY. NR 24 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3853 EP 3861 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.3853 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200014 ER PT J AU Herczeg, P AF Herczeg, P TI A note on limits on new interactions from the pi->e nu/pi->mu nu branching ratio SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGGS BOSONS; LEPTOQUARKS; DECAYS; NEUTRINO; SEARCH; CONSTRAINTS; VIOLATION; PHYSICS; MASSES; BOUNDS AB We investigate the constraints on pseudoscalar-type <(d)over bar u> --> e nu(e) interactions from the pi --> e nu/pi --> mu nu branching ratio. We point out that for some important cases the usual assumption that the contributions of these interactions to pi --> e nu/pi --> mu nu are small relative to the standard model contribution is not justified. We give an exact treatment of the constraints from pi --> e nu/pi --> mu nu and investigate the implications for tree-level sources of pseudoscalar-type pi --> e nu(e) interactions. One of the results is that, contrary to previous belief, the bounds on the masses of some of the leptoquarks which couple to both left-handed and right-handed quarks are not considerably stronger than the bounds on the masses of chiral leptoquarks even for equal strength for the left-handed and right-handed couplings. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 3949 EP 3957 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.3949 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200023 ER PT J AU Greub, C Wyler, D Brodsky, SJ Munger, CT AF Greub, C Wyler, D Brodsky, SJ Munger, CT TI Atomic alchemy: Weak decays of muonic and pionic atoms into other atoms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION AB The rates of weak transitions between electromagnetic bound states, for example, (pi(+) e(-)) --> (mu(+) e(-))nu(mu), and the exclusive weak decay of a muonic atom into an electronic atom, (Z mu(-)) --> (Ze(-))nu(mu)<(nu)over bar>(e), are calculated. For Z = 80, relativistic effects are shown to increase the latter rate by a factor of 50 compared to the results of a nonrelativistic calculation. It is argued that the conditions for producing the muonic decay in neon gas (Z = 10), where the branching ratio for the decay per captured muon is 1.7 x 10(-9) can be realized using cyclotron traps, though the prospect for a practical experiment seems remote. In lead the same ratio would be approximately similar to 1 x 10(-6) In addition to providing detailed information on the high momentum tail of the wave functions in atomic physics, these decays of QED bound states provide a simple toy model for investigating kinematically analogous situations in exclusive heavy hadronic decays in quantum chromodynamics, such as B --> K*gamma or B --> pi e nu. C1 STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP Greub, C (reprint author), UNIV ZURICH,INST THEORET PHYS,SCHONBERGGASSE 9,CH-8001 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4028 EP 4037 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4028 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200031 ER PT J AU Friedberg, R Lee, TD Pang, Y Ren, HC AF Friedberg, R Lee, TD Pang, Y Ren, HC TI Noncompact lattice formulation of gauge theories SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID MONTE-CARLO; SIMULATION; QCD AB We expand the gauge held in terms of a suitably constructed complete set of Bloch wave functions, each labeled by a band designation n and a wave number (K) over right arrow restricted to the Brillouin zone. A noncompact formulation of lattice QCD (or QED) can be derived by restricting the expansion only to the zeroth-band (n = 0) functions, which are simple continuum interpolations of discrete values associated with sites or links on a lattice. The exact continuum theory can be reached through the inclusion of all n = 0 and n not equal 0 bands, without requiring the lattice size l --> 0. This makes it possible, at a nonzero l, for the lattice coupling g(l) to act as the renormalized continuum coupling. All physical results in the continuum are, of course, independent of l. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. ROCKEFELLER UNIV, NEW YORK, NY 10021 USA. RP COLUMBIA UNIV, NEW YORK, NY 10027 USA. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4053 EP 4081 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4053 PG 29 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200034 ER PT J AU Carone, CD Murayama, H AF Carone, CD Murayama, H TI Third-family flavor physics in an SU(3)(3)xSU(2)(L)xU(1)(Y) model SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE-FIELD-THEORY; GENERATION NONUNIVERSALITY; TOP QUARK; HEAVY; DECAY AB We consider a model in which each family transforms under a different SU(3) color group. The low-energy effective theory is an extension of the standard model, with additional color octet gauge bosons G(H) with mass M that couple preferentially to the third-family quarks. We show that there are two distinct regions of the model's parameter space in which we can simultaneously evade all the current experimental constraints: one with M approximate to 250 GeV and the other with M greater than or similar to 600 GeV. Within each allowed region, we can obtain a correction to the Zb(b) over bar vertex that is consistent with the slightly high value of R(b) observed at CERN LEP. We show that there are Delta B = 1 operators in our model that can suppress the B-meson semileptonic branching ratio B-sl and the charm multiplicity per decay n(c) by enough to reconcile the spectator parton model predictions with the experimental data. In the nonsupersymmetric version of our model we can only obtain the desired corrections to R(b), B-sl, and n(c) in different regions of the allowed parameter space, while in the supersymmetric version we can obtain all three corrections simultaneously. We also discuss a strong-coupling limit of our model in which the third-family quarks become composite. RP Carone, CD (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4159 EP 4168 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4159 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200043 ER PT J AU Abe, K Abt, I Ahn, CJ Akagi, T Allen, NJ Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Baranko, G Bardon, O Barklow, T Bazarko, AO BenDavid, R Benvenuti, AC Bienz, T Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolton, T Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Busza, W Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A CavilliSforza, M Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG DOliveira, A Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M DeSangro, R DeSimone, P DellOrso, R Dima, M Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Elia, R Falciai, D Fan, C Fero, MJ Frey, R Furuno, K Gillman, T Gladding, G Golzalez, S Hallewell, GD Hart, EL Hasegawa, Y Hedges, S Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Hwang, H Iwasaki, Y Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, J Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kendall, HW Kim, Y King, ME King, R Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Labs, JF Langston, M Lath, A Lauber, JA Leith, DWG Liu, X Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Massetti, R Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Mours, B Muller, G Muller, D Nagamine, T Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Ohnishi, Y Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rothberg, JE Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schneekloth, U Schumm, BA Seiden, A Sen, S Serbo, VV Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Shapiro, SL Sherden, DJ Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Snyder, JA Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Torrence, E Turk, JD Usher, T Vavra, J Vannini, C Vella, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Waite, AP Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, E Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, DA Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Woods, M Word, GB Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zeitlin, C Zhang, Z Zhou, J AF Abe, K Abt, I Ahn, CJ Akagi, T Allen, NJ Ash, WW Aston, D Baird, KG Baltay, C Band, HR Barakat, MB Baranko, G Bardon, O Barklow, T Bazarko, AO BenDavid, R Benvenuti, AC Bienz, T Bilei, GM Bisello, D Blaylock, G Bogart, JR Bolton, T Bower, GR Brau, JE Breidenbach, M Bugg, WM Burke, D Burnett, TH Burrows, PN Busza, W Calcaterra, A Caldwell, DO Calloway, D Camanzi, B Carpinelli, M Cassell, R Castaldi, R Castro, A CavilliSforza, M Church, E Cohn, HO Coller, JA Cook, V Cotton, R Cowan, RF Coyne, DG DOliveira, A Damerell, CJS Daoudi, M DeSangro, R DeSimone, P DellOrso, R Dima, M Du, PYC Dubois, R Eisenstein, BI Elia, R Falciai, D Fan, C Fero, MJ Frey, R Furuno, K Gillman, T Gladding, G Golzalez, S Hallewell, GD Hart, EL Hasegawa, Y Hedges, S Hertzbach, SS Hildreth, MD Huber, J Huffer, ME Hughes, EW Hwang, H Iwasaki, Y Jackson, DJ Jacques, P Jaros, J Johnson, AS Johnson, JR Johnson, RA Junk, T Kajikawa, R Kalelkar, M Karliner, I Kawahara, H Kendall, HW Kim, Y King, ME King, R Kofler, RR Krishna, NM Kroeger, RS Labs, JF Langston, M Lath, A Lauber, JA Leith, DWG Liu, X Loreti, M Lu, A Lynch, HL Ma, J Mancinelli, G Manly, S Mantovani, G Markiewicz, TW Maruyama, T Massetti, R Masuda, H Mazzucato, E McKemey, AK Meadows, BT Messner, R Mockett, PM Moffeit, KC Mours, B Muller, G Muller, D Nagamine, T Nauenberg, U Neal, H Nussbaum, M Ohnishi, Y Osborne, LS Panvini, RS Park, H Pavel, TJ Peruzzi, I Piccolo, M Piemontese, L Pieroni, E Pitts, KT Plano, RJ Prepost, R Prescott, CY Punkar, GD Quigley, J Ratcliff, BN Reeves, TW Rensing, PE Rochester, LS Rothberg, JE Rowson, PC Russell, JJ Saxton, OH Schalk, T Schindler, RH Schneekloth, U Schumm, BA Seiden, A Sen, S Serbo, VV Shaevitz, MH Shank, JT Shapiro, G Shapiro, SL Sherden, DJ Simopoulos, C Sinev, NB Smith, SR Snyder, JA Stamer, P Steiner, H Steiner, R Strauss, MG Su, D Suekane, F Sugiyama, A Suzuki, S Swartz, M Szumilo, A Takahashi, T Taylor, FE Torrence, E Turk, JD Usher, T Vavra, J Vannini, C Vella, E Venuti, JP Verdier, R Verdini, PG Wagner, SR Waite, AP Watts, SJ Weidemann, AW Weiss, E Whitaker, JS White, SL Wickens, FJ Williams, DA Williams, DC Williams, SH Willocq, S Wilson, RJ Wisniewski, WJ Woods, M Word, GB Wyss, J Yamamoto, RK Yamartino, JM Yang, X Yellin, SJ Young, CC Yuta, H Zapalac, G Zdarko, RW Zeitlin, C Zhang, Z Zhou, J TI Comparison of a new calculation of energy-energy correlations with e(+)e(-)-> hadrons data at the Z(0) resonance SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID ELECTRON-POSITRON ANNIHILATION; FREE PERTURBATION-THEORY; QUANTUM CHROMODYNAMICS; E+E ANNIHILATION; MONTE-CARLO; ALPHA-S; ORDER AB We have compared a new QCD calculation by Clay and Ellis of energy-energy correlations (EEC's) and their asymmetry (AEEC's) in e(+)e(-) annihilation into hadrons with data collected by the SLD experiment at SLAG. From fits of the new calculation, complete at O(alpha(s)(2)), we obtained alpha(s)(M(Z)(2)) = 0.1184 +/- 0.0031 (expt) +/- 0.0129 (theory) (EEC) and alpha(s)(M(Z)(2)) = 0.1120 +/- 0.0034 (expt) +/- 0.0036 (theory) (AEEC). The EEC result is significantly lower than that obtained from comparable fits using the O(alpha(s)(2)) calculation of Kunszt and Nason. C1 ADELPHI UNIV,GARDEN CITY,NY 11530. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ BOLOGNA,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BOSTON UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02215. BRUNEL UNIV,UXBRIDGE UB8 3PH,MIDDX,ENGLAND. CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. UNIV CINCINNATI,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. COLORADO STATE UNIV,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV COLORADO,BOULDER,CO 80309. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ FERRARA,I-44100 FERRARA,ITALY. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,AMHERST,MA 01003. UNIV MISSISSIPPI,UNIVERSITY,MS 38677. NAGOYA UNIV,CHIKUSA KU,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. UNIV OREGON,EUGENE,OR 97403. UNIV PADUA,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PADOVA,I-35100 PADUA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. UNIV PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB,DIDCOT OX11 0QX,OXON,ENGLAND. SOGANG UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA. UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV WASHINGTON,SEATTLE,WA 98195. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RI de Sangro, Riccardo/J-2901-2012; de Simone, Patrizia/J-3549-2012; Frey, Raymond/E-2830-2016; Calcaterra, Alessandro/P-5260-2015 OI pieroni, enrico/0000-0002-4246-6963; Wyss, Jeffery/0000-0002-8277-4012; Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103; de Sangro, Riccardo/0000-0002-3808-5455; Frey, Raymond/0000-0003-0341-2636; Calcaterra, Alessandro/0000-0003-2670-4826 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4240 EP 4244 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4240 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200049 ER PT J AU Leitch, MJ Brown, CN Carey, TA Childers, R Cooper, WE Darden, CW Gidal, G Gounder, KN Isenhower, LD Jansen, DM Jeppesen, RG Kaplan, DM Kapustinsky, JS Kowitt, MS Lane, DW Lederman, LM Lillberg, JW Luk, KB Martin, VM McGaughey, PL Mishra, CS Moss, JM Peng, JC Preston, RS Sa, J Sadler, ME Schnathorst, R Schub, MH Tanikella, V Teng, PK AF Leitch, MJ Brown, CN Carey, TA Childers, R Cooper, WE Darden, CW Gidal, G Gounder, KN Isenhower, LD Jansen, DM Jeppesen, RG Kaplan, DM Kapustinsky, JS Kowitt, MS Lane, DW Lederman, LM Lillberg, JW Luk, KB Martin, VM McGaughey, PL Mishra, CS Moss, JM Peng, JC Preston, RS Sa, J Sadler, ME Schnathorst, R Schub, MH Tanikella, V Teng, PK TI Nuclear dependence of J/psi production by 800 GeV/e protons near x(F)=0 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID J-PSI SUPPRESSION; CROSS-SECTIONS; DIMUON PRODUCTION; COLLISIONS; SYSTEMATICS AB The nuclear dependence for 800 GeV/c proton production of J/psi's has been measured near x(F) = 0. J/psi's produced from beryllium, carbon, and tungsten targets were detected with the Fermilab E789 pair spectrometer. These data extend the results from E772 down to the range x(F) = -0.1 to 0.1 and indicate a gradually increasing suppression as x(F) falls below zero. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. UNIV S CAROLINA, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. ABILENE CHRISTIAN UNIV, ABILENE, TX 79699 USA. NO ILLINOIS UNIV, DE KALB, IL 60115 USA. UNIV CHICAGO, CHICAGO, IL 60637 USA. ACAD SINICA, INST PHYS, TAIPEI, TAIWAN. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 24 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4251 EP 4253 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.4251 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200052 ER PT J AU Pisarski, RD AF Pisarski, RD TI Where does the rho go? Chirally symmetric vector mesons in the quark-gluon plasma SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID QCD SUM-RULES; HOT HADRONIC MATTER; FINITE-TEMPERATURE; RESTORATION; LAGRANGIANS; TRANSITION; SPECTRUM; MODEL AB If the phase transition of QCD at nonzero temperature is dominated by the (approximate) restoration of chiral symmetry, then the transition might be characterized using a gauged linear sigma model. Assuming that vector meson dominance holds, such sigma models predict that at the temperature of chiral restoration, the pole mass of the thermal rho meson is greater than that at zero temperature; in the chiral limit and in weak coupling this mass is similar to 962 MeV. The width of the thermal rho-alpha(1) peak is estimated to be about 200-250 MeV. RP BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, POB 5000, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. NR 46 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2470-0010 EI 2470-0029 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD OCT 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP R3773 EP R3776 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA TL182 UT WOS:A1995TL18200003 ER PT J AU MANN, JA ROMERO, L RYE, RR YOST, FG AF MANN, JA ROMERO, L RYE, RR YOST, FG TI FLOW OF SIMPLE LIQUIDS DOWN NARROW-V GROOVES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB The dynamics of spreading of simple liquids down straight, narrow V grooves open at the top were captured by real-time video imaging. Groove depths in polished copper ranged between 40 and 100 mu m and extended approximately 2 cm with V angles of 30 degrees, 60 degrees, and 90 degrees. The surface tension to viscosity ratios ranged from 46 to 970 cm/sec and the capillary number was small, Ca <<1 in all cases. The length of the spreading liquid scaled with root t accurately for every case examined; the dynamics were well represented by two numbers, the location of the front in reduced coordinates and a diffusion coefficient. A simple theory is presented for the dynamics of the advancing front that requires no adjustable parameters and fits well the experimental data collected with six alcohols. Unlike drop spreading, the ad hoc slip boundary condition of that theory is not invoked for the open groove problem; only the static advancing contact angle is used. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP MANN, JA (reprint author), CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIV,CLEVELAND,OH 44106, USA. NR 9 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 3967 EP 3972 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.3967 PN B PG 6 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TA525 UT WOS:A1995TA52500006 ER PT J AU LENG, Y GOLDHAR, J GRIEM, HR LEE, RW AF LENG, Y GOLDHAR, J GRIEM, HR LEE, RW TI C-VI LYMAN LINE-PROFILES FROM 10-PS KRF-LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID X-RAY RESPONSE; DENSE-PLASMAS; PHOTOGRAPHIC FILMS; STAR LASER; SYSTEM; ENERGY; SHIFTS; SPECTROSCOPY; TRANSITIONS; EQUILIBRIUM AB Plasmas with densities less than or similar to 10(22) cm(-3) and electron temperatures T-e less than or similar to 200 eV were produced near solid graphite targets that were laser irradiated at approximately 10(15) W/cm(2), with a similar to 10(11) W/cm(2) prepulse from amplified spontaneous emission. Photographic spectra taken nearly side-on within 0.1 mm from the target surface show strong H-like lines corresponding to n = 2, 3, and 4 to n = 1 transitions and weaker He-like lines with full width at half maximum widths less than or similar to 4 eV. The Lyman-alpha line is optically thick. A five-layer model with high-electron-density and electron-temperature core layers and less dense and cooler outer layers was used for simulation. Central layers with high T-e contribute most of the emission while outside cooler layers cause an absorption dip in the central part of the Lyman-alpha line. Asymmetrical self-reversal is interpreted by radial expansion. A plasma-induced line shift was evident in some of the experimental line profiles, especially for the asymmetrical and strongly shifted Lyman-gamma Line of C VI ions. Time-dependent rate equations were solved for checking the assumed local-thermodynamic-equilibrium condition for plasmas with adiabatic expansion cooling. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,INST PLASMA RES,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 53 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 4328 EP 4337 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.4328 PN B PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TA525 UT WOS:A1995TA52500041 ER PT J AU KURENNOY, SS GLUCKSTERN, RL STUPAKOV, GV AF KURENNOY, SS GLUCKSTERN, RL STUPAKOV, GV TI COUPLING IMPEDANCES OF SMALL DISCONTINUITIES - A GENERAL-APPROACH SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID BEAM PIPE AB A general theory of the beam interaction with small discontinuities of the vacuum chamber of an accelerator is developed taking into account the reaction of radiated waves back on the discontinuity. The reactive impedance calculated earlier is reproduced as the first order and the resistive one as the second order of a perturbation theory based on this general approach. The theory also gives, in an easy and natural way, the analytical results for the frequencies and coupling impedances of the trapped modes due to small discontinuities on the vacuum chamber of a general cross section. Formulas for two important particular cases-a circular and a rectangular chamber-are presented. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP KURENNOY, SS (reprint author), UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT PHYS,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742, USA. OI Kurennoy, Sergey/0000-0003-2854-9647 NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 4354 EP 4360 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.4354 PN B PG 7 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TA525 UT WOS:A1995TA52500044 ER PT J AU MITCHELL, DW SMITH, RD AF MITCHELL, DW SMITH, RD TI CYCLOTRON MOTION OF 2 COULOMBICALLY INTERACTING ION CLOUDS WITH IMPLICATIONS TO FOURIER-TRANSFORM ION-CYCLOTRON RESONANCE MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID LASER DESORPTION IONIZATION; PENNING TRAP; ELECTROSPRAY IONIZATION; SPECTROSCOPY; CHARGE; FREQUENCY; CELL; APPROXIMATION; PRINCIPLES; RESOLUTION AB This work investigates the cyclotron motion of two Coulombically interacting ion clouds with different mass-to-charge ratios. Trap geometry as well as the shape of each ion cloud determines the maximum number of ions that can be confined in a Penning-like ion trap. We consider the two important cases of either spherically or cylindrically shaped ion clouds. These models exhibit the most important space charge effects in Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry including frequency shifts, amplitude and phase modulation, and phase locking. Both positive and negative frequency shifts are possible for spherical ion clouds when their cyclotron radii differ. Due to the Coulombic ineraction between ion clouds, both cyclotron-radius and phase modulation occur. This modulation increases inversely to the cyclotron frequency difference. Cyclotron phase locking results when two ion clouds have similar mass-to-charge ratios and a sufficiently large ion population, at which point a mass spectrum shows only a single peak. Spherical ion clouds are usually more likely to phase lock than cylindrically shaped clouds. The phase-locking threshold sets limits on the maximum resolution, mass accuracy, and dynamic range achievable by mass spectrometry. Phase locking is treated in detail and our results are compared to previously published experimental data. The present model quantitatively describes the onset of phase locking as well as the general trends in frequency shifts and measured abundances just before phase locking. RP MITCHELL, DW (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, POB 999,MAIL STOP P8-19, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 66 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 4366 EP 4386 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.4366 PN B PG 21 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TA525 UT WOS:A1995TA52500046 ER PT J AU DABOUL, J NIETO, MM AF DABOUL, J NIETO, MM TI EXACT, E=0, CLASSICAL-SOLUTIONS FOR GENERAL POWER-LAW POTENTIALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB For aero energy, E = 0, we derive exact, classical solutions for all power-law potentials, V(r) = -gamma/r(nu) with gamma > 0 and -infinity < nu < infinity. When the angular momentum is nonzero, these solutions lead to the orbits rho(t) = (cos{mu[phi(t)-phi(0)(t)]})(1/mu), for all mu = nu/2 - 1 not equal 0. When nu > 2, the orbits are bound and go through the origin. This leads to discrete discontinuities in the functional dependence Of phi(t) and phi(0)(t), as functions of t, as the orbits pass through the origin. We describe a procedure to connect different analytic solutions for successive orbits at the origin. We calculate the periods and precessions of these bound orbits, and graph a number of specific examples. In addition to the special nu = 2 case, the unbound trajectories are also discussed in detail. This includes the unusual trajectories which have finite travel times to infinity. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DABOUL, J (reprint author), BEN GURION UNIV NEGEV,DEPT PHYS,IL-84105 BEER SHEVA,ISRAEL. NR 21 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD OCT PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 4430 EP 4441 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.4430 PN B PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA TA525 UT WOS:A1995TA52500053 ER PT J AU DIAMOND, PH HAHM, TS AF DIAMOND, PH HAHM, TS TI ON THE DYNAMICS OF TURBULENT TRANSPORT NEAR MARGINAL STABILITY SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID DRIFT INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAKS; CONFINEMENT; PLASMAS; MODE AB A general methodology for describing the dynamics of transport near marginal stability is formulated. Marginal stability is a special case of the more general phenomenon of self-organized criticality. Simple, one field models of the dynamics of tokamak plasma self-organized criticality have been constructed, and include relevant features such as sheared mean flow and transport bifurcations. In such models, slow mode (i.e., large-scale, low-frequency transport events) correlation times determine the behavior of transport dynamics near marginal stability. To illustrate this, impulse response scaling exponents (z) and turbulent diffusivities (D) have been calculated for the minimal (Burgers') and sheared flow models. For the minimal model, z = 1 (indicating ballistic propagation) and D similar to(S-0(2))(1/3), where S-0(2) is the noise strength. With an identically structured noise spectrum and flow with shearing rate exceeding the ambient decorrelation rate for the largest-scale transport events, diffusion is recovered with z = 2 and D similar to(S-0(2))(3/5). This indicates a qualitative change in the dynamics, as well as a reduction in losses. These results are consistent with recent findings from dimensionless scaling studies. Several tokamak transport experiments are suggested. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92186. RP DIAMOND, PH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,9500 GILMAN DR,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 26 TC 282 Z9 282 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3640 EP 3649 DI 10.1063/1.871063 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400012 ER PT J AU DIAMOND, PH LEBEDEV, VB NEWMAN, DE CARRERAS, BA AF DIAMOND, PH LEBEDEV, VB NEWMAN, DE CARRERAS, BA TI DYNAMICS OF SPATIOTEMPORALLY PROPAGATING TRANSPORT BARRIERS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID CONFINEMENT; TURBULENCE; ROTATION; TOKAMAK; REGIME AB A simple dynamic model of spatiotemporally propagating transport barriers and transition fronts from low (L) to high (H) confinement regimes is presented. The model introduces spatial coupling (via transport) into the coupled evolution equations for flow shear and fluctuation intensity, thus coupling the supercritical L to H bifurcation instability to turbulent transport. Hence; fast spatiotemporal front propagation and evolutionary behavior result. The theory yields expressions for the propagation velocity and termination point of an L-H transition front and transport barrier When the evolution of the pressure gradient, del P-i, and the contribution of del P-i to sheared electric field, E'(r), is included, the ambient pretransition pressure gradient acts as a local source term that drives the evolution of the poloidal velocity shear. The transition may then evolve either as a spatiotemporally propagating front or as a uniform (i.e., nonlocal) fluctuation reduction or quench. The precise route to transition adopted depends on the relative magnitudes of the front transit time, tau(T), and the fluctuation reduction time, tau(f), respectively. The relevance of spatiotemporally propagating L-H transition fronts to the very high confinement regime (VH mode) evolution in DIII-D [R. I. Pinsker and the DIII-D;Team, Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1992 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1993), Vol, 1, p. 683] and in the Joint European Torus (JET) [Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1990 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1991), Vol. 1, p. 27] is discussed. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA. RP DIAMOND, PH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093, USA. NR 21 TC 73 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3685 EP 3695 DI 10.1063/1.871068 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400017 ER PT J AU FINN, JM AF FINN, JM TI STABILIZATION OF IDEAL PLASMA RESISTIVE WALL MODES IN CYLINDRICAL GEOMETRY - THE EFFECT OF RESISTIVE LAYERS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID INSTABILITIES; TOKAMAKS AB A cylindrical model with finite beta having an external resonant ideal magnetohydrodynamic instability has been constructed. This resonant mode has a mode rational surface, where the safety factor q equals m/n, within the plasma. In this model, the perturbed radial magnetic field for the ideal mode is nonzero between the mode rational surface and the wall, even though it must vanish at the mode rational surface. This property of the mode is in common with the toroidal external kink. Results are presented showing that in the parameter range for which this ideal mode is stable with a conducting wall but unstable with the wall at infinity, a resistive wall mode persists. However, in the presence of plasma resistivity in a resistive layer about the mode rational surface, this resistive wall mode can be stabilized by a plasma rotation frequency of order a nominal resistive instability growth rate. Furthermore, the stabilization occurs in a large gap in wall position or beta. It is also shown that for the ideal resonant mode, as well as resistive plasma modes and nonresonant ideal plasma modes, there is a maximum value of plasma rotation above which there is no stability gap. Discussions are presented suggesting that these properties may hold for the toroidal external kink. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP FINN, JM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,T-15,MS K717,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 24 TC 61 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3782 EP 3791 DI 10.1063/1.871078 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400028 ER PT J AU BATHA, SH PROCASSINI, RJ HAMMEL, BA SHEPARD, TD DRAKE, RP BRADLEY, KS ESTABROOK, K HSIEH, EJ KEANE, CJ MONTGOMERY, DS PHILLION, DW AF BATHA, SH PROCASSINI, RJ HAMMEL, BA SHEPARD, TD DRAKE, RP BRADLEY, KS ESTABROOK, K HSIEH, EJ KEANE, CJ MONTGOMERY, DS PHILLION, DW TI CHARACTERIZATION OF TITANIUM LASER-PRODUCED PLASMAS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID LONG-SCALE-LENGTH; STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; PARAMETRIC-INSTABILITIES; K-SHELL; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECTRA; LIGHT AB The development of a plasma environment that is appropriate for the study of laser-plasma processes in laser-fusion plasma is reported. A material (titanium) with medium atomic number (Z) was used to provide x-ray measurements of radial and axial plasma symmetry as well as electron temperature. The electron density evolution was measured using stimulated scattering processes and odd half-harmonic generation from probe lasers of different wavelengths. The plasmas were created by two-sided irradiation of thin foils with 24 kJ of 351 nm laser light. When the peak electron density had decayed to about 4X10(20)cm(-3), the density profile was estimated to have a full width at half-maximum of 2 mm and the electron temperature was measured to be about 3 keV using K-shell spectroscopy. Two-dimensional computer simulations were found to reproduce some features of both electron density and temperature evolution. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, PLASMA PHYS RES INST, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Drake, R Paul/I-9218-2012; OI Drake, R Paul/0000-0002-5450-9844; Montgomery, David/0000-0002-2355-6242 NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3792 EP 3803 DI 10.1063/1.871079 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400029 ER PT J AU NEVINS, WM AF NEVINS, WM TI CAN INERTIAL ELECTROSTATIC CONFINEMENT WORK BEYOND THE ION-ION COLLISIONAL TIME-SCALE SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID FUSION; PLASMA; MIRROR; FOCUS; TRAP AB Inertial electrostatic confinement (IEC) systems are predicated on a nonequilibrium ion distribution function. Coulomb collisions between ions cause this distribution to relax to a Maxwellian on the ion-ion collisional time scale. The power required to prevent this relaxation and maintain the IEC configuration for times beyond the ion-ion collisional time scale is shown to be greater than the fusion power produced. It is concluded that IEC systems show little promise as a basis for the development of commercial electric power plants. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP NEVINS, WM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 29 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3804 EP 3819 DI 10.1063/1.871080 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400030 ER PT J AU KOCH, JA ESTABROOK, KG BAUER, JD BACK, CA KLEIN, L RUBENCHIK, AM HSIEH, EJ COOK, RC MACGOWAN, BJ MOODY, JD MORENO, JC KALANTAR, D LEE, RW AF KOCH, JA ESTABROOK, KG BAUER, JD BACK, CA KLEIN, L RUBENCHIK, AM HSIEH, EJ COOK, RC MACGOWAN, BJ MOODY, JD MORENO, JC KALANTAR, D LEE, RW TI TIME-RESOLVED X-RAY-IMAGING OF HIGH-POWER LASER-IRRADIATED UNDERDENSE SILICA AEROGELS AND AGAR FOAMS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID 0.35 MU-M; 2-PLASMON DECAY; INSTABILITY SUPPRESSION; INERTIAL CONFINEMENT; RAMAN-SCATTERING; PLASMAS; BEAM; FUSION; WAVELENGTH; CONDUCTION AB This article presents the results of experiments in which a high-power laser was used to irradiate low density (4-9 mg/cm(3)) silica aerogel and agar foam targets. The laser-solid interaction and energy transport through the material were monitored with time-resolved imaging diagnostics, and the data show the production and propagation of an x-ray emission front in the plasma. The emission-front trajectory data are found to be in significant disagreement with detailed simulations, which predict a much more rapid heating of the cold material, and the data suggest that this discrepancy is not explainable by target inhomogeneities. Evidence suggests that energy transport into the cold material may be dominated by thermal conduction; however, no completely satisfactory explanation for the discrepancies is identified, and further experimental and theoretical research is necessary in order to resolve this important problem in laser-plasma interaction physics. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. HOWARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CTR STUDY TERR & EXTRATERR ATMOSPHERES,WASHINGTON,DC 20059. NR 40 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3820 EP 3831 DI 10.1063/1.871081 PG 12 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400031 ER PT J AU CARLSTEN, BE AF CARLSTEN, BE TI ENHANCED PHASE-STABILITY FOR A RAMAN FREE-ELECTRON LASER-AMPLIFIER IN THE EXPONENTIAL-GROWTH REGIME SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID ACCELERATION; EMISSION AB The wave propagation number for the growing wave of a free-electron laser in the exponential growth regime is a complicated function of electron beam current and voltage. As a result if the electron beam voltage drifts the imaginary part of the propagation number in general will change too, leading to a change in the radio-frequency phase of the output power. For typical gains, the two largest contributions to the shift in the imaginary component of the propagation constant are due to the change in the beam's reduced plasma wave number and the change in the detuning from resonance. This paper demonstrates that these changes can be made to cancel each other with the correct selection of plasma reduction factor and initial detuning from resonance if the interaction strength is weakly dependent on beam velocity, leading to a device that is first-order phase and gain stable under voltage fluctuations. The analysis is performed for the axial free-electron laser interaction and the results also apply for transverse-coupling free-electron lasers. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP CARLSTEN, BE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD OCT PY 1995 VL 2 IS 10 BP 3880 EP 3892 DI 10.1063/1.871087 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RY424 UT WOS:A1995RY42400038 ER PT J AU NORMAN, EB HARVEY, BG SEABORG, GT AF NORMAN, EB HARVEY, BG SEABORG, GT TI PU BREEDERS IN THE SKY NOT A BURNING ISSUE AFTER ALL SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP NORMAN, EB (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA, USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1995 VL 48 IS 10 BP 15 EP & DI 10.1063/1.2808197 PG 0 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY678 UT WOS:A1995RY67800002 ER PT J AU LOWENSTEIN, D OZAKI, S AF LOWENSTEIN, D OZAKI, S TI FOELSCHE,HORST,W.J. - OBITUARY SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Item About an Individual RP LOWENSTEIN, D (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1995 VL 48 IS 10 BP 90 EP 90 DI 10.1063/1.2808225 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY678 UT WOS:A1995RY67800017 ER PT J AU GABBARD, A AF GABBARD, A TI PU BREEDERS IN THE SKY NOT A BURNING ISSUE AFTER ALL - REPLY SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter RP GABBARD, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1995 VL 48 IS 10 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY678 UT WOS:A1995RY67800022 ER PT J AU LINDL, JD CRAY, M AF LINDL, JD CRAY, M TI LABS COLLABORATE ON ICF RESEARCH SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Letter C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. RP LINDL, JD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD OCT PY 1995 VL 48 IS 10 BP 104 EP 104 DI 10.1063/1.2808231 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RY678 UT WOS:A1995RY67800030 ER PT J AU SCHNEIDER, JC LIVNE, A SUKENIK, A ROESSLER, PG AF SCHNEIDER, JC LIVNE, A SUKENIK, A ROESSLER, PG TI A MUTANT OF NANNOCHLOROPSIS DEFICIENT IN EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID PRODUCTION SO PHYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE NANNOCHLOROPSIS; EUSTIGMATOPHYCEAE; BIOSYNTHESIS; LIPIDS; FATTY ACIDS; ARACHIDONIC ACID; EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACID; MUTANT; GAMMA RAY MUTAGENESIS; OMEGA-3 DESATURASE ID DESATURATION; LIPIDS; FUNGUS AB The most abundant fatty acids found in Nannochloropsis are 16:0, 16:1 (n-7) and 20:5 (n-3). By analysing the fatty acid composition of mutagenized cells by gas chromatography, we discovered a mutant strain of Nannochloropsis that is completely devoid of 5,8,11,14,17-cis-eicosapentaenoic acid [20:5 (n-3)]. An analysis of total fatty acids from whole cells showed that the loss of 20:5 (n-3) in mutant cells was accompanied by a concomitant increase in the relative amount of 20:4 (n-6). However, the increase in 20:4 (n-6) was not proportional to the loss of 20:5 (n-3) within individual lipid classes. The percentage of 20:4 (n-6) in monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol (PG) in the mutant strain was lower than the wild type levels of 20:5 (n-3) in these lipids. Conversely, the percentage of 20:4 (n-6) in phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol in the mutant cells was higher than the wild type levels of 20:5 (n-3). Molecular species analysis of MGDG showed that, compared to the wild type strain, the mutant strain contained more 16:1/16:0 MGDG, and less of the MGDG species containing C-20 fatty acids. Relatively low levels of 20:4/20:4 MGDG were found in the mutant, although 20:5/20:5 MGDG was abundant in wild type cells. Relative membrane lipid levels were altered in the mutant compared to the wild type strain, particularly PG, which showed a fourfold decrease. The mutant cells grow more slowly than the wild type cells on both solid and in liquid media. Electron micrographs showed that the mutant strain had fewer thylakoid stacks per chloroplast, and fewer thylakoids per stack than wild type cells. We concluded that the mutation affects an extrachloroplastic (n-3) desaturase that is required for the synthesis of 20:5 (n-3), which is found in both chloroplast and extrachloroplast lipids. C1 ISRAEL OCEANOG & LIMNOL RES,NATL INST OCEANOG,IL-31080 HAIFA,ISRAEL. RP SCHNEIDER, JC (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,1617 COLE BLVD,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 23 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0031-9422 J9 PHYTOCHEMISTRY JI Phytochemistry PD OCT PY 1995 VL 40 IS 3 BP 807 EP 814 DI 10.1016/0031-9422(95)00365-E PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Plant Sciences GA RZ909 UT WOS:A1995RZ90900029 ER EF