FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU EREMIN, V LI, Z AF EREMIN, V LI, Z TI CARRIER DRIFT MOBILITY STUDY IN NEUTRON-IRRADIATED HIGH-PURITY SILICON SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Carrier drift mobility, drift velocity and its saturation value have been studied for silicon p-n junction detectors irradiated to neutron fluence range specific for experiments in the future large colliders. The transient current technique (TCT), which monitors the drift current of externally generated free carriers, has been applied for direct measurements of electron and hole drift velocities in fully depleted p-n junction detectors with resistivity ranging from 300 to 5000 Omega cm. It has been found that neutron radiation up to fluences of about 5 X 10(13) n/cm(2) has little effect on the carrier transport properties, including carrier drift mobilities for both carriers and their saturation velocities, at room temperature and at lower temperatures all the way down to 110 K at which the phonon scattering is sufficiently suppressed. This fact has been discussed in terms of efficiency of scattering by radiation induced defects and disorder regions as compared with that by phonon. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,AF IOFFE PHYSICOTECH INST,ST PETERSBURG 196140,RUSSIA. NR 13 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 2-3 BP 338 EP 343 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00381-9 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RP777 UT WOS:A1995RP77700015 ER PT J AU ICHIGE, M BEN, S CRAWFORD, HJ DOKE, T ENGELAGE, JM FLORES, I GREINER, L HAYASHI, T KASHIWAGI, T KIKUCHI, J KOBAYASHI, M MASUDA, K MOZUMDER, A MITCHELL, JW SHIBAMURA, E TAKASHIMA, T TULL, CE AF ICHIGE, M BEN, S CRAWFORD, HJ DOKE, T ENGELAGE, JM FLORES, I GREINER, L HAYASHI, T KASHIWAGI, T KIKUCHI, J KOBAYASHI, M MASUDA, K MOZUMDER, A MITCHELL, JW SHIBAMURA, E TAKASHIMA, T TULL, CE TI ANALYSIS OF DATA OBTAINED WITH AU IONS OF 700 MEV/N ENERGY IN AN ALLENE-DOPED LIQUID AR HOMOGENEOUS CALORIMETER SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID ARGON CALORIMETER; HEAVY-IONS; SCINTILLATION; IONIZATION; RESOLUTION; PARTICLES AB A new allene-doped liquid argon homogeneous calorimeter has been constructed for measurement of energies of relativistic heavy ions, its electrode system consists of thin multi-parallel plates and it has been tested for relativistic Au ions from Bevalac at LBL. The results are compared with those obtained by simulation, including ''quenching factor'', ''positive ion effect'' and ''electron attachment to electronegative impurities''. The pattern shown in Delta E-E scatter plots, obtained from the multi-parallel plate electrode calorimeter, is in good agreement with those obtained by simulation, but the energy resolution for An ions is three times or more worse than that of the simulation. At present the reason for the difference is not clear By simulation, it is shown that the identification of adjacent charges or isotopes is possible for relativistic Na, Fe and La ions stopped in the calorimeter, using signals both from the cell. in which ions stopped and from the preceding cell. C1 SAITAMA COLL HLTH,URAWA,SAITAMA 338,JAPAN. WASEDA UNIV,ADV RES CTR SCI & ENGN,SHINJUKU KU,TOKYO 169,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,SPACE SCI LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. KANAGAWA UNIV,FAC ENGN,KANAGAWA KU,YOKOHAMA,KANAGAWA 221,JAPAN. UNIV NOTRE DAME,RADIAT LAB,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,HIGH ENERGY ASTROPHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 2-3 BP 506 EP 516 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00317-7 PG 11 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RP777 UT WOS:A1995RP77700032 ER PT J AU FELDMAN, WC BYRD, RC BARRACLOUGH, BL NORDHOLT, JE FUNSTEN, HO BOYNTON, WV BAILEY, SH MOERSCH, J AF FELDMAN, WC BYRD, RC BARRACLOUGH, BL NORDHOLT, JE FUNSTEN, HO BOYNTON, WV BAILEY, SH MOERSCH, J TI CALIBRATION OF A SPACE THERMAL EPITHERMAL NEUTRON DETECTOR - THE MARS OBSERVER GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETER ANTICOINCIDENCE SHIELD SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article AB Procedures used for, and results of, a calibration of the combined anticoincidence shield and neutron detector (A/C-N subsystem) of the Mars Observer Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (MOGRS) are reported. Pulsed energy-dispersed neutrons were generated by directing a chopped deuterium beam from the Los Alamos Van De Graaff accelerator onto a thick Be target enclosed within a specially designed neutron moderating assembly. Absolute energy and angle-dependent detection efficiencies were determined for energies in the range between 0.05 eV and 2 keV and for incident angles between 0 degrees and 150 degrees. A Li-6 glass detector and a uranium ion chamber were used as calibrated references for the absolute efficiency determination, which was checked at 0.05 eV using neutrons provided by a large graphite neutron pile, also at Los Alamos. The results are found to be close to those calculated using a Monte Carlo Neutral Particle transport code for an isolated plate of BC454 scintillator (the active sensor of the A/C-N subsystem) with two notable exceptions. First, the measured efficiency below about 0.5 eV is less than the simulated one; second, the measured efficiency decreases more slowly with increasing energy than does the simulated efficiency. Although the actual detector is too complicated to be simulated accurately, we speculate that the relative reduction in efficiency below 0.5 eV may be caused in part by (i) reduced neutron transmission through the material of the sensor head assembly outside of the BC454 pyramid, (ii) reduced effective sensor area because of poor light-collection efficiency around the perimeter of each of the trapezoid plates, and (iii) molecular binding effects of hydrogen in both the BC454 scintillator and in its 1-mm carbon-epoxy cover. We also speculate that the increase in efficiency at about 0.5 eV and the general enhancement of detection efficiency at all higher epithermal energies may be due to the multiple scattering of incident neutrons in materials present in the MOGRS sensor head. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT PLANETARY SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. CORNELL UNIV,CTR RADIOPHYS & SPACE RES,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP FELDMAN, WC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS-466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Moersch, Jeffrey/F-7189-2010; Funsten, Herbert/A-5702-2015 OI Funsten, Herbert/0000-0002-6817-1039 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 2-3 BP 561 EP 573 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00298-7 PG 13 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RP777 UT WOS:A1995RP77700041 ER PT J AU QUINTANA, JP KUSHNIR, VI ROSENBAUM, G AF QUINTANA, JP KUSHNIR, VI ROSENBAUM, G TI SYNCHROTRON EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS ON AN UNRIBBED SAGITTALLY FOCUSING CRYSTAL MONOCHROMATOR SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article ID RADIATION AB Results are reported on the performance of a novel sagittally focussing crystal monochromator design that minimizes the anticlastic bending without the use of ribs. With a demagnification factor of 357, 2.2 mrad of the radiation from an NSLS bending magnet are focussed to a spot size with a FWHM of 363 mu m which is 12% larger than the ideal focus size with a beam intensity 2.0 X 10(9) photons s(-1) mA(-1) at 8 keV. The beam intensity changes by 5% when changing the sagittal bend radius from 1.81 to 4.09 m thereby demonstrating that the anticlastic curvature effect is negligible. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV EXPTL FACIL,APS,XFD,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL,CTR STRUCT BIOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP QUINTANA, JP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,SYNCHROTRON RES CTR,CAT,DND,APS ANL SECTOR 5,BLDG 400,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 2-3 BP 592 EP 594 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00283-9 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RP777 UT WOS:A1995RP77700045 ER PT J AU SHORE, BB AF SHORE, BB TI A REPORT ON THE 7TH ROCHESTER CONFERENCE ON COHERENCE AND QUANTUM OPTICS - 7-10 JUNE 1995 SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Editorial Material RP SHORE, BB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 119 IS 1-2 BP U9 EP U12 PG 4 WC Optics SC Optics GA RP774 UT WOS:A1995RP77400044 ER PT J AU KERCHNER, HR SUN, YR THOMPSON, JR KHAN, HR THOMSON, JO CHRISTEN, DK AF KERCHNER, HR SUN, YR THOMPSON, JR KHAN, HR THOMSON, JO CHRISTEN, DK TI MAGNETIZATION STUDY OF POLYCRYSTALLINE YBA2ALXCU(3-X)O-7-DELTA (X=0.05, 0.10 AND 0.20) COMPOUNDS SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; BA-CU-O; ALUMINUM SUBSTITUTION; CURRENT-DENSITY; CRITICAL-STATE; FLUX-CREEP; DEPENDENCE; BA2YCU3O7 AB Superconductivity in polycrystalline YBa2AlxCu(3-x)O-7-delta materials was characterized by dynamic AC and quasistatic DC magnetometry. Intragranular persistent current density and low-loss intergranular critical current density were deduced using DC and AC techniques, respectively. Addition of aluminum produced modest increases in the intragranular persistent current for x < 0.2, but drastically reduced the intergranular critical current density for x = 0.2. The critical temperature T-c for superconductivity decreased only 4% for Al content up to x = 0.2. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. FORSCHUNGSINST EDELMET & MET CHEM,D-73525 SCHWABISCH GMUND,GERMANY. RP KERCHNER, HR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 250 IS 3-4 BP 331 EP 339 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00300-2 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RR710 UT WOS:A1995RR71000016 ER PT J AU JIA, JJ CALLCOTT, TA ASFAW, A CARLISLE, JA TERMINELLO, LJ EDERER, DL HIMPSEL, FJ PERERA, RCC AF JIA, JJ CALLCOTT, TA ASFAW, A CARLISLE, JA TERMINELLO, LJ EDERER, DL HIMPSEL, FJ PERERA, RCC TI OCCUPIED ELECTRONIC STATES OF CASI2 AND CASI - SOFT-X-RAY FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CALCIUM SILICIDES; EMISSION; PHOTOEMISSION; RADIATION AB The CaL(2,3) and SiL(2,3) fluorescence spectra for CaSi2 and CaSi are studied. These spectra provide s and d partial density-of-states (PDOS) information for the Ca and Si atoms. The measured PDOS's are in good agreement with available calculations. Using monochromatized x rays to excite core electrons to localized Ca d states near threshold produces resonant recombination fluorescence peaks for the L(3) and L(2) edges of Ca in both compounds. In CaSi, with resonant excitation, inelastic Raman peaks are also observed. The energy position of the inelastic peaks indicates that the creation of the core hole shifts the Ca d states by several eV. The intensity of the resonance peaks indicates the degree of localization of the Ca d states, which is reduced by their participation in the bonding of the silicides. The empty Ca d states are found to be quite localized in CaSi, and less so in CaSi2. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. TULANE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW ORLEANS,LA 70118. IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP JIA, JJ (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 16 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4904 EP 4909 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4904 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200055 ER PT J AU SCHUPPLER, S FRIEDMAN, SL MARCUS, MA ADLER, DL XIE, YH ROSS, FM CHABAL, YJ HARRIS, TD BRUS, LE BROWN, WL CHABAN, EE SZAJOWSKI, PF CHRISTMAN, SB CITRIN, PH AF SCHUPPLER, S FRIEDMAN, SL MARCUS, MA ADLER, DL XIE, YH ROSS, FM CHABAL, YJ HARRIS, TD BRUS, LE BROWN, WL CHABAN, EE SZAJOWSKI, PF CHRISTMAN, SB CITRIN, PH TI SIZE, SHAPE, AND COMPOSITION OF LUMINESCENT SPECIES IN OXIDIZED SI NANOCRYSTALS AND H-PASSIVATED POROUS SI SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VISIBLE-LIGHT EMISSION; SILICON QUANTUM WIRES; TRANSMISSION ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; AMORPHOUS-SILICON; SI1-XGEX ALLOYS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MICROSTRUCTURE AB Near-edge and extended x-ray-absorption fine-structure measurements from a wide variety of oxidized Si nanocrystals and H-passivated porous Si samples, combined with electron microscopy, ir absorption, forward recoil scattering, and luminescence emission data, provide a consistent structural picture of the species responsible for the luminescence observed in these systems. For porous Si samples whose luminescence wavelengths peak in the visible region, i.e., at <700 nn, their mass-weighted-average structures are determined here to be particles (not wires) whose short-range character is crystalline and whose dimensions-typically <15 Angstrom-are significantly smaller than previously reported or proposed. Results are also presented which demonstrate that the observed visible luminescence is not related to either a photo-oxidized Si species in porous Si or an interfacial suboxide species in the Si nanocrystals. The structural and compositional findings reported here depend only on sample luminescence behavior, not on how the luminescent particles are produced, and thus have general implications in assigning quantum confinement as the mechanism responsible for the visible luminescence observed in both nanocrystalline and porous silicon. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL CTR ELECTRON MICROSCOPY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RI Chabal, Yves/A-5998-2011 OI Chabal, Yves/0000-0002-6435-0347 NR 96 TC 306 Z9 310 U1 3 U2 33 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4910 EP 4925 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4910 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200056 ER PT J AU MANDRUS, D MIGLIORI, A DARLING, TW HUNDLEY, MF PETERSON, EJ THOMPSON, JD AF MANDRUS, D MIGLIORI, A DARLING, TW HUNDLEY, MF PETERSON, EJ THOMPSON, JD TI ELECTRONIC TRANSPORT IN LIGHTLY DOPED COSB3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID COBALT AB We report resistivity, Hall coefficient, and Seebeck coefficient measurements on a very lightly doped (1/R(H)e = 7.0 X 10(16) holes/cm(3)) single crystal of CoSb3. The low-temperature resistivity is semiconducting, with a gap E(g) = 580 K ( approximate to 50 meV). At high temperatures another energy scale is apparent, with a characteristic energy E(g) = 3650 K ( approximate to 0.31 eV). The presence of two energies is consistent with a recent band-structure calculation performed by Singh and Pickett. The Hall coefficient is large and positive, as expected for a lightly doped p-type semiconductor. Below 200 K, the Hall mobility R(H) sigma varies as T-3/2 indicating that ionized impurity scattering is the dominant scattering mechanism. The Hall mobility peaks at 250 K at value of 1940 cm(2) V-1 sec(-1). The Seebeck coefficient is small at low temperature, and increases smoothly until it attains a value of 225 mu V/K at 300 K; its temperature dependence is also consistent with ionized impurity scattering. A detailed structural refinement on our crystals gives a lattice parameter of 9.03573(3) Angstrom, with evidence for little or no site disorder. RP MANDRUS, D (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Mandrus, David/H-3090-2014 NR 20 TC 134 Z9 138 U1 7 U2 22 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4926 EP 4931 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4926 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200057 ER PT J AU GLUTSCH, S SIEGNER, U CHEMLA, DS AF GLUTSCH, S SIEGNER, U CHEMLA, DS TI SPATIOTEMPORAL DYNAMICS OF PHOTON-ECHOES FROM CONTINUUM STATES IN SEMICONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE QUANTUM-WELLS; 4-WAVE-MIXING SIGNALS; COHERENT DYNAMICS; MIXED-CRYSTALS; GAAS; POLARIZATION; RELAXATION; EXCITON; DECAY; LIGHT AB We study the dynamics of coherent emission of a semiconductor within the framework of the semiconductor Bloch equations, both in the time domain and in real space for various excitation conditions. We find that the spatial properties of the four-wave-mixing (FWM) response reflect the well-known temporal dynamics. For excitation high above the band edge, the FWM signal is emitted as a photon echo. This photon echo from continuum states of a semiconductor has the same dynamical properties as a photon echo from inhomogeneously broadened uncoupled two-level systems. However, unlike the case of two-level atoms, the polarization of the photon echo from the semiconductor continuum extends over macroscopic distances in real space. The implications of the large spatial extent of the photon echo polarization are discussed. In particular, we show that, in spite of the macroscopic size of the photon echo polarization, the wavelength of the exciting light can still be neglected. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ETH ZURICH,INST QUANTUM ELECTR,CH-8093 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. RP GLUTSCH, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 4941 EP 4950 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4941 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200059 ER PT J AU BOUCHARD, AM LUBAN, M AF BOUCHARD, AM LUBAN, M TI BLOCH OSCILLATIONS AND OTHER DYNAMICAL PHENOMENA OF ELECTRONS IN SEMICONDUCTOR SUPERLATTICES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SUBMILLIMETER-WAVE EMISSION; WANNIER-STARK LOCALIZATION; TIME EVOLUTION; EXISTENCE; FIELD; LADDER; STATES AB We solve the time-dependent Schrodinger equation based on the complete Hamiltonian for independent electrons in ideal GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs superlattices, described by the conventional one-dimensional Bat-band picture, subject to a uniform electric field F. Our approach consists of using high-accuracy numerical methods, thereby enabling us to avoid truncating the Hamiltonian or adopting other uncontrolled approximations. In suitable circumstances the electrons exhibit long-lived, time-periodic Bloch oscillations, in the form of either sinusoidal center-of-mass oscillations or a coherent breathing mode. Depending on the miniband structure of the superlattice, the value of F, and the form of the initial wave function, other dynamical phenomena can coexist with or even totally mask the Bloch oscillations. These are unbounded acceleration of a portion of the electron wave packet antiparallel to the electric field and intrawell oscillations. We provide the conditions under which each of these three basic dynamical elements occurs. We summarize the major results of our systematic investigation of the dependence of the electron dynamics on the entire parameter. space of periodic potentials, field strengths, and initial wave functions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. NR 64 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 5105 EP 5123 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.5105 PG 19 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200075 ER PT J AU TOWLER, MD HARRISON, NM MCCARTHY, MI AF TOWLER, MD HARRISON, NM MCCARTHY, MI TI AB-INITIO STUDY OF THE SURFACE AND INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES OF A LAYERED MGO/NIO FILM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE-PROGRAMMED DESORPTION; ENERGY LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; ABINITIO HARTREE-FOCK; MGO(001) SURFACE; IONIC-CRYSTAL; IMAGE INTERACTIONS; MGO(100) SURFACE; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; 001 SURFACE; MGO AB The equilibrium surface geometries of MgO rind NiO, and the surface/interface geometry of layered composite thin films of these two oxides, are computed from first-principles periodic calculations within the unrestricted Hartree-Fock approximation. Calculated binding-energy shifts of the Ni 2p core levels caused by geometric perturbations in the layered films are of the correct order of magnitude to account for published x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy results. Recent spectroscopic data may thus be interpreted in terms of an ioniclike model with modest surface relaxation. C1 COUNCIL CENT LAB RES COUNCILS, DARESBURY LAB, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP TOWLER, MD (reprint author), UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO INORGAN PHYS & MAT CHEM, THEORET CHEM GRP, VIA P GIURIA 5, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. RI Harrison, Nicholas/H-3198-2013 OI Harrison, Nicholas/0000-0001-7498-8144 NR 50 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 5375 EP 5384 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.5375 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200109 ER PT J AU SANCHEZ, A BISHOP, AR CAI, D GRONBECHJENSEN, N AF SANCHEZ, A BISHOP, AR CAI, D GRONBECHJENSEN, N TI SMOOTHING OF ROUGH SURFACES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID JOSEPHSON-JUNCTION ARRAYS; DYNAMICS; TRANSITION; GROWTH AB Simulations of surface smoothing (healing) by Langevin dynamics in large systems are reported. The surface model is described by a two-dimsionsional discrete sine-Gordon (solid-on-solid) equation. We study how initially circular terraces decay in time for both zero and finite temperatures and we compare the results of our simulations with various analytical predictions. We then apply this knowledge to the smoothing of a rough surface obtained by heating an initially flat surface above the roughening temperature and then quenching it. We identify three regimes in terms of their time evolution, which we are able to associate with the resulting terrace morphology. The regimes consists of a short initial stage, during which small scale fluctuations disappear; an intermediate, longer time interval, when evolution can be understood in terms of terraces and their interaction; and a final situation in which almost all terraces have been suppressed. We discuss the implications of our results for modeling rough surfaces. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CARLOS III,ESCUELA POLITECN SUPER,DEPT MATEMAT,E-29811 LEGANES,SPAIN. RP SANCHEZ, A (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Sanchez, Angel/A-9229-2008 OI Sanchez, Angel/0000-0003-1874-2881 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 7 BP 5433 EP 5444 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.5433 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR502 UT WOS:A1995RR50200116 ER PT J AU LEFEBVRE, P CHRISTOL, P MATHIEU, H GLUTSCH, S AF LEFEBVRE, P CHRISTOL, P MATHIEU, H GLUTSCH, S TI CONFINED EXCITONS IN SEMICONDUCTORS - CORRELATION BETWEEN BINDING-ENERGY AND SPECTRAL ABSORPTION SHAPE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM-WELL; WIRES AB We calculate excitonic absorption spectra in several types of semiconductor nanostructures by using an original formalism involving fractional-dimensional spaces. This compact, analytical formulation predicts a surprising one-to-one mapping between the enhanced exciton Rydberg and the shape of the spectrum, whatever the physical origin of the confinement. by all-numerical calculation of the optical susceptibility we check that different systems with identical exciton Rydbergs exhibit nearly identical spectra, strikingly close to those given by the fractional-dimensional approach. C1 LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP UNIV MONTPELLIER 2, CNRS, ETUD SEMICOND GRP, CASE COURRIER 074, F-34095 MONTPELLIER 5, FRANCE. RI LEFEBVRE, Pierre/B-3225-2008 OI LEFEBVRE, Pierre/0000-0001-8513-5489 NR 12 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP 5756 EP 5759 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.5756 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800051 ER PT J AU ZHU, XJ LOUIE, SG AF ZHU, XJ LOUIE, SG TI VARIATIONAL QUANTUM MONTE-CARLO STUDY OF 2-DIMENSIONAL WIGNER CRYSTALS - EXCHANGE, CORRELATION, AND MAGNETIC-FIELD EFFECTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Review ID CHARGE-DENSITY-WAVE; COOPERATIVE-RING-EXCHANGE; REENTRANT INSULATING PHASE; LONG-RANGE ORDER; LANDAU-LEVEL; GROUND-STATE; ELECTRON-GAS; HALL LIQUID; 2-DIMENSIONAL ELECTRONS; COLLECTIVE EXCITATIONS AB The two-dimensional Wigner crystals are studied with the variational quantum Monte Carlo method. The close relationship between the ground-state wave function and the collective excitations in the system is illustrated, and used to guide the construction of the ground-state wave function of the strongly correlated solid. Exchange, correlation, and magnetic-field effects all give rise to distinct physical phenomena. In the absence of any external magnetic field, interesting spin orderings are observed in the ground state of the electron crystal in various two-dimensional lattices. In particular, two-dimensional bipartite lattices are shown not to lead necessarily to an antiferromagnetic ground state. In the quantum Hall effect regime, a strong magnetic field introduces energy and length scales. The magnetic field quenches the kinetic energy and poses constraints on how the electrons may correlate with each other. Care is taken to ensure the appropriate translational properties of the wave function when the system is in a uniform magnetic field. We have examined the exchange, intra-landau-level correlation as well as Landau-level mixing effects with various variational wave functions. We also determine their dependences on the experimental parameters such as the carrier effective mass at a modulation-doped semiconductor heterojunction. Our results, when combined with some recent calculations for the energy of the fractional quantum Hall liquid including Landau-level mixing, show quantitatively that in going from n doping to p doping in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs heterojunction systems, the crossover filling factor from the fractional quantum Hall liquid to the Wigner crystal changes from filling factor nu similar to 1/5 to nu similar to 1/3. This lends strong support to the claim that the observed reentrant insulating phases around nu = 1/5 for n-doped and around nu = 1/3 for p-doped high-mobility samples are primarily caused by electron-electron interaction effects. We discuss the possible implications of our theoretical results for some recent experiments carried out in the quantum Hall regime in search of the electron solid. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP ZHU, XJ (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, POB 849, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA. NR 115 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP 5863 EP 5884 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.5863 PG 22 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800066 ER PT J AU CHIN, RP HUANG, JY SHEN, YR CHUANG, TJ SEKI, H AF CHIN, RP HUANG, JY SHEN, YR CHUANG, TJ SEKI, H TI INTERACTION OF ATOMIC-HYDROGEN WITH THE DIAMOND C(111) SURFACE STUDIED BY INFRARED-VISIBLE SUM-FREQUENCY-GENERATION SPECTROSCOPY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BONDED CHAIN MODEL; DESORPTION-KINETICS; VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; MONOHYDRIDE PHASE; DIPOLE ACTIVITY; 111 SURFACE; PHONONS; RECONSTRUCTION; SI(111)2X1; 2X1 AB Atomic hydrogen (deuterium) adsorbed onto the diamond C(111) surface has been studied by infrared-visible sum-frequency-generation spectroscopy. Monohydride termination of H/C(111) is confirmed by the observation of sharp CH stretch (2838 cm(-1)) and CH bend (1331 cm(-1)) modes in the spectrum. Deuterium on the surface gives a CD stretch frequency of 2115 cm(-1). The rate of hydrogen adsorption is measured in comparison with the rate of deuterium abstraction by hydrogen. Measurement of thermal desorption of hydrogen from C(111) suggests a near first-order desorption kinetics with an activation energy of 4.0+/-0.4 eV and a preexponential factor of 10(15+/-2) s(-1). On the bare reconstructed C(111) surface, distinct CC surface phonon features characteristic of the (2X1)-reconstructed surface are seen, which seem to support the modified Pandey model of Bechstedt and Reichardt. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. ACAD SINICA,INST ATOM & MOLEC SCI,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. IBM CORP,ALMADEN RES CTR,SAN JOSE,CA 95120. RP CHIN, RP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 63 TC 93 Z9 93 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP 5985 EP 5995 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.5985 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800079 ER PT J AU ROSENCRANCE, SW BURNHAM, JS SANDERS, DE HE, C GARRISON, BJ WINOGRAD, N POSTAWA, Z DEPRISTO, AE AF ROSENCRANCE, SW BURNHAM, JS SANDERS, DE HE, C GARRISON, BJ WINOGRAD, N POSTAWA, Z DEPRISTO, AE TI MECHANISTIC STUDY OF ATOMIC DESORPTION RESULTING FROM THE KEV-ION BOMBARDMENT OF FCC(001) SINGLE-CRYSTAL METALS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ANGULAR-DISTRIBUTIONS; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; SURFACES; ENERGY; RH; CLUSTERS; EJECTION AB Energy-resolved angular distributions of Ni and Rh atoms desorbed by keV Ar+ ion bombardment have been measured using multiphoton resonance ionization detection. The experimental spectra were simulated using molecular-dynamics calculations which are based on the molecular-dynamics/Monte Carlo corrected effective-medium interaction potential. Important collision events were identified using a recently developed graphical utility which allows easy visualization of atomic motions subsequent to bombardment. Three major microscopic ejection mechanisms were determined, each of which is categorized into three additional interactions. The features which make up the polar angle spectra are assigned to one of these mechanisms. We find that the majority of particles eject due to a collision with an atom from one layer below (Delta(1) mechanism). A mechanism involving a collision due to an atom from the same layer, however, is responsible for a shift in peak position with energy. This investigation strongly reinforces the view that the inherent registry of the atoms in the crystal lattice is the crucial factor in determining the dominant microscopic sequences of events which lead to ejection as well as the macroscopically observable quantities. C1 JAGIELLONIAN UNIV,INST PHYS,PL-30059 KRAKOW,POLAND. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. HORIZON SYST,STAMFORD,CT 06903. RP ROSENCRANCE, SW (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. OI Winograd, Nicholas/0000-0002-2690-7714 NR 43 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP 6006 EP 6014 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.6006 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800081 ER PT J AU FRANKLIN, GE TANG, S WOICIK, JC BEDZYK, MJ FREEMAN, AJ GOLOVCHENKO, JA AF FRANKLIN, GE TANG, S WOICIK, JC BEDZYK, MJ FREEMAN, AJ GOLOVCHENKO, JA TI HIGH-RESOLUTION STRUCTURAL STUDY OF BI ON SI(001) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPY; SI(100) SURFACE; SYNCHROTRON PHOTOEMISSION; SB; TRANSITIONS; DIMERS; GROWTH AB X-ray standing-wave measurements, along with first-principles local-density molecular-cluster calculations, have determined the Bi-dimer orientation, location, and bond length for the Si(001)-(1X2):Bi surface. The results for Bi directly scale with the covalent radii and with adsorption characteristics of other group-V elements (As and Sb) on Si(001). C1 HARVARD UNIV,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,EVANSTON,IL 60208. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,MAT RES CTR,EVANSTON,IL 60208. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ROWLAND INST SCI INC,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02142. RI Bedzyk, Michael/B-7503-2009; Bedzyk, Michael/K-6903-2013 NR 27 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP R5515 EP R5518 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800015 ER PT J AU HARTMANN, C ZIGONE, M MARTINEZ, G SHIRLEY, EL BENEDICT, LX LOUIE, SG FUHRER, MS ZETTL, A AF HARTMANN, C ZIGONE, M MARTINEZ, G SHIRLEY, EL BENEDICT, LX LOUIE, SG FUHRER, MS ZETTL, A TI INVESTIGATION OF THE ABSORPTION-EDGE OF C-60 FULLERITE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID FAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; LATTICE PHONON MODES; SOLID C-60; INVERSE PHOTOEMISSION; ELECTRONIC-SPECTRA; C60; GAP; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; PRESSURE; STATES AB Absorption measurements on single crystals of C-60 fullerite have been performed as a function of temperature, hydrostatic pressure, and magnetic field in the optical visible range. Various structures observed in the fundamental absorption edge are assigned to excitonic transitions based on comparison with calculations, including many-electron and electron-hole interaction effects. The strength of the electron-phonon interaction is discussed in view of these results. C1 CNRS, F-38042 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV MAT SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RP MAX PLANCK INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, HIGH FIELD MAGNET LAB, BOITE POSTALE 166, F-38042 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. RI Fuhrer, Michael/E-7634-2010; Zettl, Alex/O-4925-2016 OI Fuhrer, Michael/0000-0001-6183-2773; Zettl, Alex/0000-0001-6330-136X NR 41 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP R5550 EP R5553 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800024 ER PT J AU LAVIOLETTE, RA GODIN, TJ SWITENDICK, AC AF LAVIOLETTE, RA GODIN, TJ SWITENDICK, AC TI FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION OF THE ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE OF CONDENSED SPIN-POLARIZED EXCITED TRIPLET-STATE HELIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID ENERGY AB The excited triplet-state (1s2s,S-3) helium atom (He*) is long-lived (2.5 h) in isolation. We have investigated the properties of a hypothetical condensed phase of spin-polarized He* on the bcc and fcc lattices using density-functional theory and the full-potential linear-augmented-plane-wave method. We found that each lattice provides over 1 eV of binding as a metallic s-p ferromagnet with a 1-eV indirect gap, and a 4-eV direct gap, between the occupied spin-up and the unoccupied spin-down bands. The surprising existence of such a gap suggests that condensed He* might also be metastable. RP LAVIOLETTE, RA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 8 BP R5487 EP R5490 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RR288 UT WOS:A1995RR28800008 ER PT J AU COPELAND, EJ GLEISER, M MULLER, HR AF COPELAND, EJ GLEISER, M MULLER, HR TI OSCILLONS - RESONANT CONFIGURATIONS DURING BUBBLE COLLAPSE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID ELECTROWEAK PHASE-TRANSITION; SUBCRITICAL BUBBLES; FALSE VACUUM; NONTOPOLOGICAL SOLITONS; WAVE-EQUATIONS; DIMENSIONS; DYNAMICS; PULSONS; KINK; FATE AB Oscillons are localized, nonsingular, time-dependent, spherically symmetric solutions of nonlinear scalar field theories which, although unstable, are extremely long lived. We show that they naturally appear during the collapse of subcritical bubbles in models with symmetric and asymmetric double-well potentials. By a combination of analytical and numerical work we explain several of their properties, including the conditions for their existence, their longevity, and their final demise. We discuss several contexts in which we expect oscillons to be relevant. In particular, their nucleation during cosmological phase transitions may have wide-ranging consequences. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. DARTMOUTH COLL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HANOVER,NH 03755. RP COPELAND, EJ (reprint author), UNIV SUSSEX,SCH MATH & PHYS SCI,BRIGHTON BN1 9QH,E SUSSEX,ENGLAND. NR 39 TC 107 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 1920 EP 1933 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.1920 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RQ554 UT WOS:A1995RQ55400015 ER PT J AU ANGLIN, JR LAFLAMME, R ZUREK, WH PAZ, JP AF ANGLIN, JR LAFLAMME, R ZUREK, WH PAZ, JP TI DECOHERENCE AND RECOHERENCE IN AN ANALOG OF THE BLACK-HOLE INFORMATION PARADOX SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM BROWNIAN-MOTION; WAVE PACKET; ENVIRONMENT; OSCILLATOR; REDUCTION; COLLAPSE AB We analyze a system consisting of an oscillator coupled to a field. With the field traced out as an environment, the oscillator loses coherence on a very short decoherence time scale; but, on a much longer relaxation time scale, it evolves predictably into a unique, pure (ground) state. This example of recoherence has interesting implications both for the interpretation of quantum theory and for the loss of information during black hole evaporation - the so-called black hole information paradox. We examine these implications by investigating the intermediate and final states of the quantum field, treated as an open system coupled to an unobserved oscillator. C1 UNIV BUENOS AIRES,FAC CIENCIAS EXACTAS & NAT,DEPT FIS,RA-1428 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. RP ANGLIN, JR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,T-6,MAIL STOP B288,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Paz, Juan/C-5947-2008 NR 26 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2221 EP 2231 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2221 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RQ554 UT WOS:A1995RQ55400042 ER PT J AU KAWAI, T STAPP, HP AF KAWAI, T STAPP, HP TI QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS AT LARGE DISTANCES .1. EXTRACTING THE CORRESPONDENCE-PRINCIPLE PART SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL CHARGED SECTORS AB In quantum electrodynamics a classical or correspondence-principle part of the S matrix is normally factored out in order to obtain a remainder that can be treated perturbatively without the occurrence of infrared divergences. However, this separation, as usually performed, introduces spurious large-distance effects that produce an apparent breakdown of the important correspondence between stable particles and poles of the S matrix, and, in fact, lead to violations of the correspondence principle and to incorrect results for computations in the mesoscopic domain lying between the atomic and classical regimes. A computational technique is developed here that allows valid results to be calculated in this domain. It is shown in this article, and in paper II, in the context of a special example, how to extract a distinguished part of the S matrix that meets the requirements of the correspondence principle, of the pole-particle correspondence, and of infrared finiteness. In paper III the terms of the perturbatively treated remainder are shown to vanish, relative to this distinguished part, in the appropriate macroscopic limits. Thus this work provides both a needed computational technique and a confirmation in quantum electrodynamics of the validity of the correspondence principle and of the pole-particle correspondence, at least in the special case treated here in detail. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KAWAI, T (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV,MATH SCI RES INST,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2484 EP 2504 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2484 PG 21 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RQ554 UT WOS:A1995RQ55400066 ER PT J AU KAWAI, T STAPP, HP AF KAWAI, T STAPP, HP TI QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS AT LARGE DISTANCES .2. NATURE OF THE DOMINANT SINGULARITIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB Accurate calculations of macroscopic and mesoscopic properties in quantum electrodynamics require careful treatment of infrared divergences: Standard treatments introduce spurious large-distances effects. A method for computing these properties was developed in paper I. That method depends upon a result obtained here about the nature of the singularities that produce the dominant large-distance behavior. If all particles in quantum field theory have a nonzero mass then the Landau-Nakanishi diagrams give strong conditions on the singularities of the scattering functions. I These conditions are severely weakened in quantum electrodynamics by the effects of points where photon momenta vanish. A new kind of Landau-Nakanishi diagram is developed here. It is geared specifically to the pole-decomposition functions that dominate the macroscopic behavior in quantum electrodynamics, and leads to strong results for these functions at points where photon momenta vanish. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KAWAI, T (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV,MATH SCI RES INST,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. NR 16 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2505 EP 2516 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2505 PG 12 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RQ554 UT WOS:A1995RQ55400067 ER PT J AU KAWAI, T STAPP, HP AF KAWAI, T STAPP, HP TI QUANTUM ELECTRODYNAMICS AT LARGE DISTANCES .3. VERIFICATION OF POLE FACTORIZATION AND THE CORRESPONDENCE PRINCIPLE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article AB In papers I and II it was shown how to separate out from a scattering function in quantum electrodynamics a distinguished part that meets the correspondence-principle and pole-factorization requirements. The integrals that define the terms of the remainder are here shown to have singularities on the pertinent Landau singularity surface that are weaker than those of the distinguished part. These remainder terms therefore vanish, relative to the distinguished term, in the appropriate macroscopic limits. This shows, in each order of the perturbative expansion, that quantum electrodynamics does indeed satisfy the pole-factorization and correspondence-principle requirements in the case treated here. It also demonstrates the efficacy of the computational techniques developed here to calculate the consequences of the principles of quantum electrodynamics in the macroscopic and mesoscopic regimes. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP KAWAI, T (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV,MATH SCI RES INST,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP 2517 EP 2532 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.2517 PG 16 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RQ554 UT WOS:A1995RQ55400068 ER PT J AU KOSOWSKY, A TURNER, MS AF KOSOWSKY, A TURNER, MS TI CBR ANISOTROPY AND THE RUNNING OF THE SCALAR SPECTRAL INDEX SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID INFLATIONARY UNIVERSE; PERTURBATIONS AB Accurate (less than or equal to 1%) predictions for the anisotropy of the cosmic background radiation (CBR) are essential for using future high-resolution (less than or equal to 1 degrees) CBR maps to test cosmological models. In many inflationary models the variation (''running'') of the spectral index of the spectrum of density perturbations is a significant effect and leads to changes of around 1-10% in the CBR power spectrum. We propose a general method for taking running into account which uses the derivative of the spectral index (dn/dlnk). Conversely, high-resolution CBR maps may be able to determine dn/dlnk, giving important information about the inflationary potential. C1 HARVARD UNIV,LYMAN LAB PHYS,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT PHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,NASA,FERMILAB ASTROPHYS CTR,BATAVIA,IL 60510. RP KOSOWSKY, A (reprint author), HARVARD SMITHSONIAN CTR ASTROPHYS,60 GARDEN ST,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138, USA. NR 27 TC 188 Z9 188 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 4 BP R1739 EP R1743 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.R1739 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RQ554 UT WOS:A1995RQ55400001 ER PT J AU WEBER, S OHMES, E THURNAUER, MC NORRIS, JR KOTHE, G AF WEBER, S OHMES, E THURNAUER, MC NORRIS, JR KOTHE, G TI LIGHT-GENERATED NUCLEAR QUANTUM BEATS - A SIGNATURE OF PHOTOSYNTHESIS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-ECHO; CORRELATED RADICAL PAIRS; RHODOBACTER-SPHAEROIDES R-26; PLANT PHOTOSYSTEM-I; REACTION CENTERS; PARAMAGNETIC-RESONANCE; TRANSIENT EPR; ENVELOPE MODULATION; POLARIZATION; CHLOROPHYLL AB Light-induced radical pairs in deuterated and deuterated plus N-15-substituted Synechococcus lividus cyanobacteria have been studied by transient EPR following pulsed laser excitation. Nuclear quantum beats are observed in the transverse electron magnetization at lower temperatures. Model calculations for the time profiles, evaluated at the high-field emissive maximum of the spectrum, indicate assignment of these coherences to nitrogen nuclei in the primary donor. Thorough investigation of the nuclear modulation patterns can provide detailed information on the electronic structure of the primary donor, providing insight into the mechanism of the primary events of plant photosynthesis. C1 UNIV STUTTGART,DEPT PHYS CHEM,D-70569 STUTTGART,GERMANY. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Weber, Stefan/G-6164-2010 NR 50 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 6 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 92 IS 17 BP 7789 EP 7793 DI 10.1073/pnas.92.17.7789 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RP748 UT WOS:A1995RP74800039 PM 11607572 ER PT J AU WANG, JN NIEH, TG AF WANG, JN NIEH, TG TI INCORPORATION OF PEIERLS STRESS INTO DEFORMATION MECHANISM MAPS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID HARPER-DORN CREEP RP WANG, JN (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-370,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Nieh, Tai-Gang/G-5912-2011 OI Nieh, Tai-Gang/0000-0002-2814-3746 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 33 IS 4 BP 633 EP 638 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)00230-S PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RK976 UT WOS:A1995RK97600019 ER PT J AU SUNWOO, A LUM, R AF SUNWOO, A LUM, R TI SUPERPLASTIC DEFORMATION ENHANCED DIFFUSION BONDING OF ALUMINUM-ALLOY-7475 SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; MICROSTRUCTURE; AA-7475 RP SUNWOO, A (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 33 IS 4 BP 639 EP 644 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)00224-J PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RK976 UT WOS:A1995RK97600020 ER PT J AU LI, JCM LIU, CT AF LI, JCM LIU, CT TI KINETIC AND EQUILIBRIUM EFFECTS IN THE ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT OF ORDERED INTERMETALLICS SO SCRIPTA METALLURGICA ET MATERIALIA LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-BOUNDARY FRACTURE; BORON-DOPED NI3AL; HYDROGEN EMBRITTLEMENT; TEMPERATURE DUCTILITY; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAJOR CAUSE; ALLOYS; ALUMINIDES; CO3TI; FEAL C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 36 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0956-716X J9 SCRIPTA METALL MATER JI Scr. Metall. Materialia PD AUG 15 PY 1995 VL 33 IS 4 BP 661 EP 668 DI 10.1016/0956-716X(95)00271-V PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RK976 UT WOS:A1995RK97600024 ER PT J AU YU, N SIMPSON, TW MCINTYRE, PC NASTASI, M MITCHELL, IV AF YU, N SIMPSON, TW MCINTYRE, PC NASTASI, M MITCHELL, IV TI DOPING EFFECTS ON THE KINETICS OF SOLID-PHASE EPITAXIAL-GROWTH OF AMORPHOUS ALUMINA THIN-FILMS ON SAPPHIRE SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-AL2O3 AB The effects of doping on the kinetics of solid-phase epitaxial growth of amorphous alumina have been studied. Amorphous alumina (Al2O3) thin films, 200-265 mm thick, were deposited on to (0001) sapphire substrates by electron-beam evaporation. Iron or chromium atoms were uniformly doped into the films during deposition to cation concentrations below 5 cationic %. The kinetics of the epitaxial growth were studied at 800-1050 degrees C in flowing oxygen gas by in situ time-resolved reflectivity techniques as well as by ion backscattering and channeling techniques. A phase transformation sequence from amorphous through gamma to alpha alumina has been observed in all the undoped and doped films. The transformation from gamma to alpha alumina is a thermally activated process with an activation energy of 5.0+/-0.2 eV, independent of the presence of dopants. However, the presence of dopants affects the overall transformation rate. Fe enhances while Cr slows the growth rate relative to the undoped case. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP YU, N (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 924 EP 926 DI 10.1063/1.114696 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500016 ER PT J AU DUXSTAD, KJ HALLER, EE YU, KM BOURRET, ED WALKER, JM LIN, XW WASHBURN, J AF DUXSTAD, KJ HALLER, EE YU, KM BOURRET, ED WALKER, JM LIN, XW WASHBURN, J TI SOLID-STATE REACTION IN PD/ZNSE THIN-FILM CONTACTS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID OHMIC CONTACT; LASER-DIODES; PD; SYSTEM; ZNSE AB We report on solid-state reactions in Pd thin film contacts on ZnSe at temperatures below 500 degrees C. We found that a solid-state reaction was initiated at the Pd/ZnSe interface by thermal annealing at 200 degrees C. A tetragonal ternary phase, Pd5+xZnSe, consisting of highly oriented grains was formed as a result of this reaction. This phase is found to be stable up to an annealing temperature of 400 degrees C. The crystallography and morphology of this ternary Pd-ZnSe phase was studied by x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy and has similarities to the analogous ternary Pd-GaAs phase formed in the Pd/GaAs contact structure. The Pd/ZnSe interface is found to be thermally more stable than the corresponding Pd/GaAs and Pd/Si structures. Comparisons are made between the systematics of Pd/semiconductor interfacial phenomena on the three semiconductors. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP DUXSTAD, KJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 947 EP 949 DI 10.1063/1.114704 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500024 ER PT J AU PARK, J BARNES, PA LOVEJOY, ML AF PARK, J BARNES, PA LOVEJOY, ML TI GERMANIUM-DOPED AND TELLURIUM-DOPED GAAS FOR NONALLOYED P-TYPE AND N-TYPE OHMIC CONTACTS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY AB Epitaxial ohmic contacts to GaAs were grown by liquid phase epitaxy. Heavily Ge-doped GaAs was grown to prepare ohmic contacts to p-GaAs while Te was used for the n-type contacts. Hall measurements were carried out for the samples grown from melts in which the mole fraction of Ge was varied between 1.55 atomic % and 52.2 atomic %, while the Te mole fractions varied between 0.03% and 0.5%. Specific contact resistance, r(c), as low as r(cp) = 2.9 X 10(-6) ohm-cm(2) for Ge doping of p = (N-a-N-d) = 6.0 x 10(19) holes/cm(3) was measured for p-contracts and r(cn) = 9.6 x 10(-5) ohm-cm(2) was measured for Te doping of n = (N-d-N-a) = 8.9 x 10(18) electrons/cm(3) for GaAs metallized with non-alloyed contacts of Ti/Al. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP PARK, J (reprint author), AUBURN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,AUBURN,AL 36849, USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 968 EP 970 DI 10.1063/1.114961 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500031 ER PT J AU WARREN, WL SHANEYFELT, MR FLEETWOOD, DM WINOKUR, PS AF WARREN, WL SHANEYFELT, MR FLEETWOOD, DM WINOKUR, PS TI NATURE OF DEFECT CENTERS IN B-DOPED AND P-DOPED SIO2 THIN-FILMS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; PHOSPHORUS; INTERFACE AB An electron paramagnetic resonance study has been carried out on B- and P-doped oxide films on Si. The principal defects are the boron-oxygen-hole-center (BOHC) and phosphorus-oxygen-hole-center (POHC), which are unpaired electrons on oxygen atoms with B or P in the near vicinity. Our results demonstrate that the centers are activated by hole capture. We find that holes are trapped very efficiently in both B- and P-doped dielectrics; however, electrons are more efficiently trapped in the B-doped dielectrics. We find that the electrical data can be explained by assuming that the precursor to the BOHC is negatively charged and the precursor to the POHC is electrically neutral. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP WARREN, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 17 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 995 EP 997 DI 10.1063/1.114970 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500040 ER PT J AU THOMPSON, JR PAUL, D WANG, ZL KROEGER, DM CHRISTEN, DK AF THOMPSON, JR PAUL, D WANG, ZL KROEGER, DM CHRISTEN, DK TI THERMAL-STABILITY AND ANNEALING OF COLUMNAR DEFECTS IN BI2SR2CA1CU2O8/AG SUPERCONDUCTOR SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION IRRADIATION; HIGH FIELDS; CRYSTALS; IRREVERSIBILITY; FILMS; LINE AB This work establishes the stability at elevated temperatures of columnar defects, artificially formed in the Bi-based cupric oxide superconductor Bi2Sr2Ca1Cu2O8 for enhanced vortex pinning. Isochronal anneals, conducted in air, led to losses of critical current density in two stages. The defects were relatively stable up to similar to 550 degrees C, where second stage annealing began; above this, the pinning diminished rapidly. The recrystallization and loss of columnar defects were corroborated by transmission electron microscopy. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP THOMPSON, JR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Wang, Zhong Lin/E-2176-2011 OI Wang, Zhong Lin/0000-0002-5530-0380 NR 17 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 1007 EP 1009 DI 10.1063/1.114712 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500044 ER PT J AU VUCHIC, BV MERKLE, KL DEAN, KA BUCHHOLZ, DB CHANG, RPH MARKS, LD AF VUCHIC, BV MERKLE, KL DEAN, KA BUCHHOLZ, DB CHANG, RPH MARKS, LD TI INTEGRATED MULTILAYER SPUTTER-INDUCED 45-DEGREES YBA2CU3O7-X GRAIN-BOUNDARY JUNCTIONS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAK LINKS; THIN-FILMS; BICRYSTALS; SQUIDS; MGO AB A versatile multilayer technique has been developed to form 45 degrees YBa2Cu3O7-x [001] tilt grain boundary junctions on LaAlO3 substrates. An epitaxial MgO layer is initially deposited on a (100) LaAlO3 substrate using pulsed organometallic beam epitaxy (POMBE). After a pregrowth sputter treatment, an YBa2Cu3O7-x thin film is then grown using POMBE. The resultant film is c-axis oriented with a cube-on-cube orientation over the unsputtered portion of the MgO, and rotated by 45 degrees about the [001] axis on the sputtered region of the substrate. The resulting grain boundary junction shows weak-link behavior. The advantage of this technique is the ability to place the grain boundary anywhere on the substrate in any configuration, and the potential to use any substrate upon which MgO can be epitaxially grown. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP VUCHIC, BV (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Marks, Laurence/B-7527-2009; Chang, R.P.H/B-7505-2009 NR 17 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 1013 EP 1015 DI 10.1063/1.114714 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500046 ER PT J AU PINNADUWAGE, LA AF PINNADUWAGE, LA TI EFFECT OF ELECTRON-TEMPERATURE ON NEGATIVE HYDROGEN-ION PRODUCTION IN A LOW-PRESSURE AR DISCHARGE PLASMA WITH METHANE - COMMENT SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Note ID STATES; ATOMS C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP PINNADUWAGE, LA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 7 BP 1034 EP 1034 DI 10.1063/1.114721 PG 1 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN575 UT WOS:A1995RN57500053 ER PT J AU DEBROUCKERE, G FELLER, D AF DEBROUCKERE, G FELLER, D TI CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION CALCULATIONS ON THE P-2 MOLECULE .3. SPECTROSCOPIC PROPERTIES OF THE A (1)PI(G) STATE, THE A(1)PI(G)-X(1)SIGMA(+)(G) TRANSITION BANDS AND A COMPARISON WITH THE RESULTS FOR THE X(1)SIGMA(+)(G), A(3)SIGMA(+)(U) AND B(3)PI(2,G) STATES AND RELATED TRANSITION BANDS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB Extended basis set, multireference configuration interaction calculations were performed on the A (1) Pi(g) excited state of P-2. Excellent agreement with experiment was obtained for a variety of spectroscopic properties, including R(e), omega(e), omega(e)x(e), B-e, alpha(e), T-e and vibrational transition energies for the A (1) Pi(g) --> X (1) Sigma(g)(+) band system. Several assignments of vibrational transitions based on the theoretically derived Franck-Condon spectrum differ from previous experimental assignments. The theoretical results suggest that these transitions should be attributed to the C (1) Sigma(u)(+) --> X (1) Sigma(g)(+) bands whose emission spectrum lies in the same region as the former band system. Pure rotational excitations within the A (1) Pi(g) state are found to be in good agreement with their 'experimental' counterparts. First order properties, such as the quadrupole moments, have been calculated for the A (1) Pi(g) state and compared to their corresponding values in lower-lying states. A detailed comparison is also made between the present results and earlier spectroscopic properties derived for the X (1) Sigma(g)(+), a (3) Sigma(u)(+) and b (3) Pi(2,g) states and related transition bands. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP UNIV AMSTERDAM, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, VALCKENIERSTR 65, 1018 XE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 15 BP 3135 EP 3146 PG 12 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RP918 UT WOS:A1995RP91800008 ER PT J AU SPARROW, RA OLSON, RE SCHNEIDER, D AF SPARROW, RA OLSON, RE SCHNEIDER, D TI ELECTRON-EMISSION FROM FOILS INDUCED BY HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS B-ATOMIC MOLECULAR AND OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID IONIZATION; TRANSPORT; IMPACT; ATOMS AB Absolute double differential yield per ion has been calculated for forward and backward electron emission produced by collisions of highly charged uranium ions with carbon foils of varying thicknesses. A Monte Carlo method has been developed which employs multiple ionization of the carbon and subsequent energy and angular straggling of freed electrons through the foil. A comparison with experimental double differential electron emission yields shows general agreement. Calculated total electron emission is in agreement With experiment at 44 mu g cm(-2) as well as the results of Rothard et al. In addition, the radial distribution of energy deposited by the electrons as they pass through the foil has been calculated. Comparison with the radial dose data of Toburen et al shows qualitative agreement. The radial dose calculations were also performed for two different cases having the same stopping power (1 MeV/u U23+ and 21 MeV/u U67+) in order to test the supposition that the radial dose distribution is inversely related to the square of the radial distance (Kellerer). C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV HIGH TEMP PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP UNIV MISSOURI, DEPT PHYS, ATOM & MOLEC RES LAB, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA. NR 20 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0953-4075 EI 1361-6455 J9 J PHYS B-AT MOL OPT JI J. Phys. B-At. Mol. Opt. Phys. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 15 BP 3427 EP 3439 DI 10.1088/0953-4075/28/15/028 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RP918 UT WOS:A1995RP91800028 ER PT J AU JILES, DC AF JILES, DC TI THEORY OF THE MAGNETOMECHANICAL EFFECT SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FERROMAGNETIC HYSTERESIS; MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES; STRESS AB This study investigated a model theory of the changes in magnetization that a ferromagnetic material undergoes when subjected to an applied uniaxial stress. The description of these effects is shown to be totally different from the description of the changes in the hysteresis curve under a series of constant applied stresses. The main mechanism in the proposed model theory is the unpinning of domain walls by the application of stress, which allows the walls to move and causes a change in the magnetization, This change in magnetization reduces the displacement from the anhysteretic magnetization. In addition, the anhysteretic magnetization itself is changed by the application of stress via the magnetoelastic coupling. It is shown that the effect can be described by an equation in which the rate of change of magnetization with elastic energy is proportional to the displacement of the magnetization from the anhysteretic magnetization. This is termed the 'law of approach'. This law seems to apply when the starting condition of the material is on a major hysteresis loop. RP JILES, DC (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Jiles, David/H-9548-2012 NR 31 TC 329 Z9 369 U1 6 U2 55 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TECHNO HOUSE, REDCLIFFE WAY, BRISTOL, ENGLAND BS1 6NX SN 0022-3727 J9 J PHYS D APPL PHYS JI J. Phys. D-Appl. Phys. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 8 BP 1537 EP 1546 DI 10.1088/0022-3727/28/8/001 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RT014 UT WOS:A1995RT01400001 ER PT J AU HINO, T SONG, YH PRAUSNITZ, JM AF HINO, T SONG, YH PRAUSNITZ, JM TI EQUATION-OF-STATE ANALYSIS OF BINARY COPOLYMER SYSTEMS .1. SCREENING EFFECT SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE DISTRIBUTION; POLYMER BLENDS; POLY(2,6-DIMETHYL-1,4-PHENYLENE OXIDE); PHASE-BEHAVIOR; MISCIBILITY; POLYSTYRENE; MIXTURES AB The screening effect is introduced into the recently presented perturbed hard-sphere-chain (PHSC) equation of state for copolymer systems. Using reactivity ratios of copolymerization kinetics, the model first computes the number of specific monomer sequences in the copolymer consisting of monomers A and B. Some of the AB and BA monomer sequences (i.e., diads) are then replaced by BE sequences to represent the screening effect of segment B on segment A in AB and BA sequences. The essential characteristic of the screening effect is the assumption that the solution properties of a copolymer correspond to those of another copolymer whose composition differs from that of the true copolymer. The screening effect theory is used to calculate miscibility maps for several poly(styrene-co-methyl methacrylate) random copolymers that exhibit lower critical solution temperature behavior and significant deviation from the classical Flory-Huggins model. For a fixed temperature, there is good agreement between the theoretical miscibility map and experiment. To represent the temperature dependence of the miscibility map with temperature-independent parameters, it is necessary to consider diad interactions by modeling the copolymer consisting of monomers A and B as a terpolymer consisting of monomers A, B, and C that represent AA, BE, and AB and BA diads, respectively, of the copolymer. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 17 BP 5709 EP 5716 DI 10.1021/ma00121a004 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RR095 UT WOS:A1995RR09500004 ER PT J AU HINO, T SONG, YH PRAUSNITZ, JM AF HINO, T SONG, YH PRAUSNITZ, JM TI EQUATION-OF-STATE ANALYSIS OF BINARY COPOLYMER SYSTEMS .2. HOMOPOLYMER AND COPOLYMER MIXTURES SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID BISPHENOL-A POLYCARBONATE; MULTICOMPONENT POLYMER SYSTEMS; LIQUID-PHASE-SEPARATION; POLYVINYL METHYL-ETHER); INTERACTION PARAMETERS; POLY(2,6-DIMETHYL-1,4-PHENYLENE OXIDE); POLY(STYRENE-CO-MALEIC ANHYDRIDE); POLY(VINYL METHYL-ETHER); BLENDS; MISCIBILITY AB The perturbed hard-sphere-chain (PHSC) equation of state for copolymer systems is applied to binary homopolymer blends and to mixtures of homopolymer and copolymer. Theoretical results for the effect of copolymer composition on lower critical solution temperature (LCST) are compared with experiment for homopolymer/copolymer mixtures containing poly(methyyl methacrylate-co-styrene) (MMAco-S) and poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene) (AN-co-S) random copolymers. The intersegmental parameters for the MMA-S and AN-S pairs are obtained from the miscibility maps containing MMA-co-S and AN-co-S random copolymers, respectively, differing in copolymer compositions. The homopolymer/copolymer systems studied in this work exhibit LCSTs in the experimentally accessible temperature range as the copolymer approaches 100% polystyrene. The PHSC equation of state predicts that the LCST of a homopolymer/copolymer system exhibits a maximum as the copolymer composition varies. Unique values are assigned to the intersegmental parameters for a given pair of segments. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 49 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 17 BP 5717 EP 5724 DI 10.1021/ma00121a005 PG 8 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RR095 UT WOS:A1995RR09500005 ER PT J AU HINO, T SONG, YH PRAUSNITZ, JM AF HINO, T SONG, YH PRAUSNITZ, JM TI EQUATION-OF-STATE ANALYSIS OF BINARY COPOLYMER SYSTEMS .3. MISCIBILITY MAPS SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article ID METHYL-METHACRYLATE; PHASE-BEHAVIOR; POLY(2,6-DIMETHYL-1,4-PHENYLENE OXIDE); POLYMER BLENDS; POLY(STYRENE-CO-ACRYLONITRILE); ACRYLONITRILE; STYRENE; POLY(STYRENE-STAT-ACRYLONITRILE); POLYSTYRENE AB The perturbed hard-sphere-chain (PHSC) equation of state for copolymer systems is applied to binary polymer mixtures containing random copolymers. Intersegmental parameters are obtained for several pairs of segments, and theoretical miscibility maps are compared with experiment for systems containing two, three, and four kinds of segments. The PHSC equation of state is able to represent immiscibility caused by lower critical solution temperature (LCST) phase behavior as well as that caused by upper critical solution temperature phase behavior. For the system poly(methyl methacrylate)/poly-(acrylonitrile-co-styrene), theory represents the miscibility window caused by LCST behavior where miscibility changes from immiscible --> miscible --> immiscible as the composition of poly(acrylonitrile-co-styrene) random copolymer becomes rich in acrylonitrile. Using the same set of intersegmental parameters, theoretical miscibility maps and experiment show good agreement for systems containing styrene, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, and cyclohexyl methacrylate. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 17 BP 5725 EP 5733 DI 10.1021/ma00121a006 PG 9 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RR095 UT WOS:A1995RR09500006 ER PT J AU LOY, DA ASSINK, RA JAMISON, GM MCNAMARA, WF PRABAKAR, S SCHNEIDER, DA AF LOY, DA ASSINK, RA JAMISON, GM MCNAMARA, WF PRABAKAR, S SCHNEIDER, DA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF POLY(XYLYLENES) WITH SOLID-STATE C-13 NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article AB Poly(xylylenes) are an important class of thermoplastics that are readily prepared by thermolysis of [2.2]paracyclophane or xylene precursors to afford xylylene monomers that condense and polymerize on solid surfaces to give polymer films. As most poly(xylylenes) are insoluble due to a high degree of crystallinity, characterization by solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopic techniques is necessary. In this paper we describe the preparation of poly(xylylene) (P1), poly(2-ethylxylylene) (P2), poly(2-chloroxylylene) (P3), poly(2,3-dichloroxylylene) (P4), and poly(alpha,alpha,alpha',alpha'-tetrafluoroxylylene) (P5) and their characterization using solid-state C-13 cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (CP MAS NMR) spectroscopy. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP LOY, DA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Loy, Douglas/D-4847-2009 OI Loy, Douglas/0000-0001-7635-9958 NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 17 BP 5799 EP 5803 DI 10.1021/ma00121a016 PG 5 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RR095 UT WOS:A1995RR09500016 ER PT J AU ADOLF, D AF ADOLF, D TI BULK RELAXATIONS SO MACROMOLECULES LA English DT Article RP ADOLF, D (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS, POB 5800, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0024-9297 J9 MACROMOLECULES JI Macromolecules PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 17 BP 5978 EP 5980 DI 10.1021/ma00121a043 PG 3 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RR095 UT WOS:A1995RR09500043 ER PT J AU VIRTANEN, A JOHNSON, NR MCGOWAN, FK LEE, IY BAKTASH, C RILEY, MA WELLS, JC DUDEK, J AF VIRTANEN, A JOHNSON, NR MCGOWAN, FK LEE, IY BAKTASH, C RILEY, MA WELLS, JC DUDEK, J TI TRANSITION QUADRUPOLE-MOMENTS OF HIGH-SPIN STATES IN OS-172 SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS A LA English DT Article DE NUCLEAR REACTIONS ND-144(S-32, 4N), E=162 MEV; MEASURED GAMMA-GAMMA-COIN, DOPPLER-SHIFT RECOIL-DISTANCE; OS-172 LEVELS DEDUCED T-1/2, TRANSITION QUADRUPOLE MOMENT FOR YRAST NEGATIVE-PARITY BANDS, B(E1); CRANKED HFB CALCULATIONS, BAND-MIXING MODEL ID BAND CROSSINGS; SHAPE; YRAST; ALIGNMENT; ISOTOPES; YB-160 AB Lifetimes of states in Os-172 have been measured by the Doppler-shift recoil-distance method. These states were populated by the reaction Nd-144(S-32, 4n) 172Os at a bombarding energy of 162 MeV from the HHIRF tandem accelerator at ORNL. The data were collected in the gamma gamma-coincidence mode in order to reduce the complexities of the gamma-ray spectra and to avoid some of the problems associated with side feeding to excited states. The experimental transition quadrupole moments, Q(t), do not cluster about a constant value as a function of rotational frequency up through HBAR omega = 0.27 MeV as predicted by cranked Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) calculations around N = 96 for the yrast band. A striking feature in the experimental data for the yrast band is an abrupt increase of the Q(t) values for the 6(+) and 8(+) states where the first anomaly in the behavior of the moment of inertia occurs. A recent proposal of band-mixing between the yrast band and a quasi-beta band to account for this anomaly in the moment of inertia also seems to provide a logical interpretation of the Q(t) values at low rotational frequencies. The large collectivity inferred for the quasi-beta band from our Q(t) values for the 6(+) and 8(+) states is an indirect, but plausible, argument that the quasi-beta band corresponds to the non-yrast band in the band-mixing model. The E1 transition probabilities for decay of states in the (pi, alpha) = (-, 1) band to states in the ground-state band range between 1.4 X 10(-5) to 3.1 X 10(-4) W.u. The B(E1, I --> 1 + 1) is an order of magnitude larger than the B(E1, I --> I - 1). The origin of these effects can probably be understood in terms of a predominant admixture of the Coriolis-coupled octupole vibrational-state wave function in the(-, 1) band of Os-172 at low spin. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. TENNESSEE TECHNOL UNIV,COOKEVILLE,TN 38505. JOINT INST HEAVY ION RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI DUDEK, Jerzy/A-3584-2013; OI DUDEK, Jerzy/0000-0001-5864-6339; Virtanen, Ari/0000-0002-6591-6787 NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9474 J9 NUCL PHYS A JI Nucl. Phys. A PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 591 IS 1 BP 145 EP 160 DI 10.1016/0375-9474(95)00132-K PG 16 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RR935 UT WOS:A1995RR93500008 ER PT J AU AGAKICHIEV, G BAUR, R BRESKIN, A CHECHIK, R DREES, A JACOB, C FASCHINGBAUER, U FISCHER, P FRAENKEL, Z FUCHS, C GATTI, E GLASSEL, P GUNZEL, T HEROS, CPD HESS, F IRMSCHER, D LENKEIT, B OLSEN, LH PANEBRATTSEV, Y PFEIFFER, A RAVINOVICH, I REHAK, P SCHON, A SCHUKRAFT, J SAMPIETRO, M SHIMANSKY, S SHOR, A SPECHT, HJ STEINER, V TAPPROGGE, S TELZUR, G TSERRUYA, I ULLRICH, T WURM, JP YUREVICH, V AF AGAKICHIEV, G BAUR, R BRESKIN, A CHECHIK, R DREES, A JACOB, C FASCHINGBAUER, U FISCHER, P FRAENKEL, Z FUCHS, C GATTI, E GLASSEL, P GUNZEL, T HEROS, CPD HESS, F IRMSCHER, D LENKEIT, B OLSEN, LH PANEBRATTSEV, Y PFEIFFER, A RAVINOVICH, I REHAK, P SCHON, A SCHUKRAFT, J SAMPIETRO, M SHIMANSKY, S SHOR, A SPECHT, HJ STEINER, V TAPPROGGE, S TELZUR, G TSERRUYA, I ULLRICH, T WURM, JP YUREVICH, V TI ENHANCED PRODUCTION OF LOW-MASS ELECTRON PAIRS IN 200-GEV/NUCLEON S-AU COLLISIONS AT THE CERN SUPER PROTON SYNCHROTRON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS AB We report on measurements of low-mass electron pairs in 450 GeV p-Be, p-Au, and 200 GeV/nucleon S-Au collisions at central rapidities. For the proton induced interactions, the low-mass spectra are, within the systematic errors, satisfactorily explained by electron pairs from hadron decays, whereas in the S-Au system an enhancement over the hadronic contributions by a factor of 5.0 +/- 0.7(stat) +/- 2.0(syst) in the invariant mass range 0.2 < m < 1.5 GeV/c(2) is observed. The properties of the excess suggest that it arises from two-pion annihilation pi pi --> e(+)e(-). C1 UNIV HEIDELBERG,INST PHYS,D-69120 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. WEIZMANN INST SCI,IL-76100 REHOVOT,ISRAEL. POLITECN MILAN,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. CERN,CH-1211 GENEVA 23,SWITZERLAND. RP AGAKICHIEV, G (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST KERNPHYS,D-69117 HEIDELBERG,GERMANY. RI BRESKIN, AMOS/K-1549-2012; Sampietro, Marco/A-3732-2016; OI Sampietro, Marco/0000-0003-4825-9612; Perez de los Heros, Carlos/0000-0002-2084-5866 NR 21 TC 496 Z9 501 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1272 EP 1275 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1272 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN463 UT WOS:A1995RN46300009 ER PT J AU DOSSING, T KHOO, TL LAURITSEN, T AHMAD, I BLUMENTHAL, D CARPENTER, MP CROWELL, B GASSMANN, D HENRY, RG JANSSENS, RVF NISIUS, D AF DOSSING, T KHOO, TL LAURITSEN, T AHMAD, I BLUMENTHAL, D CARPENTER, MP CROWELL, B GASSMANN, D HENRY, RG JANSSENS, RVF NISIUS, D TI EFFECTS OF PAIR CORRELATIONS IN STATISTICAL GAMMA-DECAY SPECTRA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LEVEL DENSITY AB Statistical gamma-decay spectra from excited nuclear states are calculated. The spectra reflect the perturbation of the level density by pair correlations and, hence, the stepwise weakening of the pair correlations with increasing quasiparticle number. The level density is obtained by counting many-quasiparticle states from a self-consistent BCS calculation or from a diagonalization of particle number-projected states. The calculated spectra resemble measured spectra from the decay out of superdeformed bands, but have only similar to 70% of the measured intensity. C1 UNIV COPENHAGEN,NIELS BOHR INST,DK-2100 COPENHAGEN,DENMARK. RP DOSSING, T (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 24 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1276 EP 1279 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1276 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN463 UT WOS:A1995RN46300010 ER PT J AU ZAMFIR, NV CASTEN, RF AF ZAMFIR, NV CASTEN, RF TI ANHARMONIC VIBRATOR DESCRIPTION OF YRAST STATES OF ROTATIONAL AND VIBRATIONAL NUCLEI SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB It is shown that the anharmonic vibrator reproduces the ground band energies and B(E2) values, not only of vibrational and transitional nuclei, but of good rotor nuclei, at least as well as other models, including those designed specifically for rotational nuclei. C1 CLARK UNIV,WORCESTER,MA 01610. INST ATOM PHYS,R-76900 BUCHAREST,ROMANIA. RP ZAMFIR, NV (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Zamfir, Nicolae Victor/F-2544-2011 NR 19 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1280 EP 1283 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1280 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN463 UT WOS:A1995RN46300011 ER PT J AU LU, ZW KLEIN, BM ZUNGER, A AF LU, ZW KLEIN, BM ZUNGER, A TI SPIN-POLARIZATION-INDUCED STRUCTURAL SELECTIVITY IN PD(3)X AND PT(3)X (X=3D) COMPOUNDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL ALLOYS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; ORDERED STRUCTURES; SPECIAL POINTS; GROUND-STATE; STABILITY; TRIALUMINIDES; SYSTEMS; ZRAL3; NBAL3 AB Spin polarization is known to lead to important magnetic and optical effects in open-shell atoms and elemental solids, but has rarely been implicated in controlling structural selectivity in compounds and alloys. Here we show that spin-polarized electronic structure calculations are crucial for predicting the correct T = 0 crystal structures for Pd(3)X and Pt(3)X compounds. Spin polarization leads to (i) stabilization of the L1(2) structure over the D0(22) structure in Pt3Cr, Pd3Cr, and Pd3Mn, (ii) stabilization of the D0(22) structure over the L1(2) structure in Pd3Co, and (iii) ordering (rather than phase separation) in Pt3Co and Pd3Cr. The results are analyzed in terms of first-principles local spin density calculations. C1 NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB, GOLDEN, CO 80401 USA. RP UNIV CALIF DAVIS, DEPT PHYS, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. RI Zunger, Alex/A-6733-2013 NR 22 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1320 EP 1323 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1320 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN463 UT WOS:A1995RN46300021 ER PT J AU WU, XZ OCKO, BM TANG, H SIROTA, EB SINHA, SK DEUTSCH, M AF WU, XZ OCKO, BM TANG, H SIROTA, EB SINHA, SK DEUTSCH, M TI SURFACE FREEZING IN BINARY-MIXTURES OF ALKANES - NEW PHASES AND PHASE-TRANSITIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LIQUID NORMAL-ALKANES AB Surface freezing of a crystalline monolayer has been observed at the free surface of liquid binary mixtures of normal alkanes by x-ray and surface tension measurements. Two dramatically different behaviors are found for the monolayer properties depending on Delta n, the difference in the components' carbon numbers. For small Delta n, the variation with temperature and concentration is continuous. For large Delta n, the variation is discontinuous, exhibiting surface segregation and 2D structural phase transitions. A theory based on competition between entropic mixing and a repulsive interaction due to chain length mismatch accounts well for the observed phenomena. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. EXXON RES & ENGN CO,ANNANDALE,NJ 08801. BAR ILAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,IL-52900 RAMAT GAN,ISRAEL. RP WU, XZ (reprint author), NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DE KALB,IL 60115, USA. RI Sirota, Eric/A-7633-2009 NR 27 TC 62 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1332 EP 1335 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1332 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN463 UT WOS:A1995RN46300024 ER PT J AU MOSTROM, MA KWAN, TJT AF MOSTROM, MA KWAN, TJT TI RADIAL ELECTRON-BEAM-BREAKUP TRANSIT-TIME OSCILLATOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A new radially driven electron-beam-breakup transit-time oscillator was investigated analytically and through computer simulation as a compact low-impedance high-power microwave generator. In a 1 MV, 50 kA device 35 cm in radius and 15 cm long, with no external magnetic field, 5 GW of extracted power and a growth rate of 0.26/ns were observed. Theoretical maximum efficiencies are several times higher. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP MOSTROM, MA (reprint author), MISSION RES CORP,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106, USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 7 BP 1411 EP 1414 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1411 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN463 UT WOS:A1995RN46300044 ER PT J AU HOOVER, WG AF HOOVER, WG TI TEMPERATURE, LEAST ACTION, AND LAGRANGIAN MECHANICS SO PHYSICS LETTERS A LA English DT Article DE LEAST ACTION PRINCIPLE; NONEQUILIBRIUM; LAGRANGIAN MECHANICS ID EQUILIBRIUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AB Temperature is considered from two different mechanical standpoints. The more general approach uses Hamilton's least action principle. From it we derive thermostatting forces identical to those found using Gauss' Principle. This approach applies to equilibrium and nonequilibrium systems. The Lagrangian approach is different, and less useful, applying only at equilibrium. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP HOOVER, WG (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0375-9601 J9 PHYS LETT A JI Phys. Lett. A PD AUG 14 PY 1995 VL 204 IS 2 BP 133 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0375-9601(95)00464-E PG 3 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RQ294 UT WOS:A1995RQ29400010 ER PT J AU ANDREWS, A AF ANDREWS, A TI SPACE CLIPPER COMES OF AGE SO NEW SCIENTIST LA English DT Article RP ANDREWS, A (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEW SCIENTIST PUBL EXPEDITING INC PI ELMONT PA 200 MEACHAM AVE, ELMONT, NY 11003 SN 0262-4079 J9 NEW SCI JI New Sci. PD AUG 12 PY 1995 VL 147 IS 1990 BP 27 EP 29 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RP619 UT WOS:A1995RP61900034 ER PT J AU ALNAJJAR, MS ZHANG, XM FRANZ, JA BORDWELL, FG AF ALNAJJAR, MS ZHANG, XM FRANZ, JA BORDWELL, FG TI STEREOELECTRONIC EFFECTS OF DIVALENT SULFUR FUNCTIONS ON RADICAL STABILITIES SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID BOND-DISSOCIATION-ENERGIES; DIMETHYL-SULFOXIDE SOLUTION; STABILIZATION ENERGIES; EQUILIBRIUM ACIDITIES; SEMIEMPIRICAL METHODS; HOMOLYSIS ENERGIES; METHYL RADICALS; OPTIMIZATION; HETEROLYSIS; PARAMETERS C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV, DEPT CHEM, EVANSTON, IL 60208 USA. RP ALNAJJAR, MS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3263 J9 J ORG CHEM JI J. Org. Chem. PD AUG 11 PY 1995 VL 60 IS 16 BP 4976 EP 4977 DI 10.1021/jo00121a009 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RP558 UT WOS:A1995RP55800009 ER PT J AU MOLINARO, M TINOCO, I AF MOLINARO, M TINOCO, I TI USE OF ULTRA-STABLE UNCG TETRALOOP HAIRPINS TO FOLD RNA STRUCTURES - THERMODYNAMIC AND SPECTROSCOPIC APPLICATIONS SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SECONDARY STRUCTURES; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CONFORMATION; LOOP AB RNA molecules of >20 nucleotides have been the focus of numerous recent NMR structural studies, Several investigators have used the UNCG family of hairpins to ensure proper folding. We show that the UUCG hairpin has a minimum requirement of a two base-pair stem, Hairpins with a CG loop closing base pair and an initial 5'CG or 5'GC base pair have a melting temperature similar to 55 degrees C in 10 mM sodium phosphate, The high stability of even such small hairpins suggests that the hairpin can serve as a nucleation site for folding, For high resolution NMR work, the UNCG loop family (UACG in particular) provides excellent spectroscopic markers in one-dimensional exchangeable spectra, in two-dimensional COSY spectra and in NOESY spectra that clearly define it as forming a hairpin, This allows straightforward initiation of chemical shift assignments. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 10840] NR 26 TC 70 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0305-1048 J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES JI Nucleic Acids Res. PD AUG 11 PY 1995 VL 23 IS 15 BP 3056 EP 3063 DI 10.1093/nar/23.15.3056 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA RR361 UT WOS:A1995RR36100036 PM 7544890 ER PT J AU GAINES, L WANG, M AF GAINES, L WANG, M TI ELECTRIC CARS AND LEAD SO SCIENCE LA English DT Letter RP GAINES, L (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY SYST,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC ADVAN SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1333 H ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 11 PY 1995 VL 269 IS 5225 BP 742 EP 743 DI 10.1126/science.269.5225.742-a PG 2 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RN650 UT WOS:A1995RN65000005 PM 17778723 ER PT J AU ALCOCK, C ALLSMAN, RA AXELROD, TS BENNETT, DP COOK, KH EVANS, NW FREEMAN, KC GRIEST, K JIJINA, J LEHNER, M MARSHALL, SL PERLMUTTER, S PETERSON, BA PRATT, MR QUINN, PJ RODGERS, AW STUBBS, CW SUTHERLAND, W AF ALCOCK, C ALLSMAN, RA AXELROD, TS BENNETT, DP COOK, KH EVANS, NW FREEMAN, KC GRIEST, K JIJINA, J LEHNER, M MARSHALL, SL PERLMUTTER, S PETERSON, BA PRATT, MR QUINN, PJ RODGERS, AW STUBBS, CW SUTHERLAND, W TI THEORY OF EXPLORING THE DARK HALO WITH MICROLENSING .1. POWER-LAW MODELS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE DARK MATTER; GALAXIES, HALOS; GALAXY, STRUCTURE; GRAVITATIONAL LENSING ID LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD; ROTATION CURVE; GALACTIC HALO; MILKY-WAY; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; MATTER; GALAXY; STARS; BULGE; DISK AB If microlensing of stars by dark matter has been detected, then the way is open for the development of new methods in galactic astronomy. This series of papers investigates what microlensing can teach us about the structure and shape of the dark halo. In this paper we present formulae for the microlensing rate, optical depth, and event duration distributions for a simple set of axisymmetric disk-halo models. The halos are based on the ''power-law models'' of Evans which have simple velocity distributions. Using these models, we show that there is a large uncertainty in the predicted microlensing rate because of uncertainty in the halo parameters. For example, models which reproduce the measured galactic observables to within their errors still differ in microlensing rate toward the Magellanic Clouds by more than a factor of 10. We find that while the more easily computed optical depth correlates well with microlensing rate, the ratio of optical depth to rate can vary by a factor of 2 (or greater if the disk is maximal). Comparison of microlensing rates toward the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC) and M31 can be used to aid determinations of the halo flattening and rotation curve slope. For example, the ratio of microlensing rates toward the LMC and SMC is similar to 0.7-0.8 for EO halos and similar to 1.0-1.2 for E7 halos. Once the flattening has been established, the ratio of microlensing rates toward M31 and the LMC may help to distinguish between models with rising, flat, or falling rotation curves. Comparison of rates along LMC and galactic bulge lines of sight gives useful information on the halo core radius, although this may not be so easy to extract in practice. Maximal disk models provide substantially smaller halo optical depths, shorter event durations, and even larger model uncertainties. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,MT STROMLO & SIDING SPRING OBSERV,WESTON,ACT 2611,AUSTRALIA. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3NP,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV OXFORD,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD OX1 3RH,ENGLAND. RP ALCOCK, C (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Stubbs, Christopher/C-2829-2012; Quinn, Peter/B-3638-2013; Bennett, David/O-2136-2013; Perlmutter, Saul/I-3505-2015 OI Stubbs, Christopher/0000-0003-0347-1724; Bennett, David/0000-0001-8043-8413; Perlmutter, Saul/0000-0002-4436-4661 NR 53 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 449 IS 1 BP 28 EP 41 DI 10.1086/176028 PN 1 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RM555 UT WOS:A1995RM55500004 ER PT J AU TIMMES, FX WOOSLEY, SE HARTMANN, DH HOFFMAN, RD WEAVER, TA MATTEUCCI, F AF TIMMES, FX WOOSLEY, SE HARTMANN, DH HOFFMAN, RD WEAVER, TA MATTEUCCI, F TI AL-26 AND FE-60 FROM SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GAMMA RAYS, THEORY; NUCLEAR REACTIONS; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; ABUNDANCES; SUPERNOVA, GENERAL ID GAMMA-RAY LINE; EARLY SOLAR-SYSTEM; INTERSTELLAR-MEDIUM; NEUTRINO TRANSPORT; I SUPERNOVAE; STARS; EMISSION; NA-22; NUCLEOSYNTHESIS; SIMULATIONS AB Using recently calculated yields for Type II supernovae, along with models for chemical evolution and the distribution of mass in the interstellar medium, the current abundances and spatial distributions of two key gamma-ray radioactivities, Al-26 and Fe-60, are determined. The estimated steady state production rates are 2.0 +/- 1.0 M. Myr(-1) for Al-26 and 0.75 +/- 0.4 M. Myr(-1) for Fe-60. This corresponds to 2.2 +/- 1.1 M. of Al-26 and 1.7 +/- 0.9 M. of Fe-60 in the present interstellar medium. Sources of uncertainty are discussed, one of the more important being the current rate of core collapse supernovae in the Galaxy. Our simple model gives three per century, but reasonable changes in the star formation rate could easily accommodate a core collapse rate one-half as large, and thus one-half the yields. When these stellar and chemical evolution results are mapped into a three-dimensional model of the Galaxy, the calculated 1809 keV gamma-ray flux map is consistent with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory observations of a steep decline in the flux outside a longitude of +/-50 degrees from the Galactic center, and the slight flux enhancements observed in the vicinity of spiral arms. Other potential stellar sources of Al-26 and Fe-60 are mentioned, especially the possibility of Fe-60 synthesis in Type Ia supernovae. Predictions for the Fe-60 mass distribution, total mass, and flux map are given. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,DEPT ASTRON,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV GEN STUDIES,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CLEMSON UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CLEMSON,SC 29634. EUROPEAN SO OBSERV,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP TIMMES, FX (reprint author), UNIV CHICAGO,LASR,CHICAGO,IL 60637, USA. NR 74 TC 101 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 449 IS 1 BP 204 EP 210 DI 10.1086/176046 PN 1 PG 7 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RM555 UT WOS:A1995RM55500022 ER PT J AU MAGERL, A LISS, KD HASTINGS, JB SIDDONS, DP NEUMANN, HB POULSEN, HF RUTT, U SCHNEIDER Jr MADAR, R AF MAGERL, A LISS, KD HASTINGS, JB SIDDONS, DP NEUMANN, HB POULSEN, HF RUTT, U SCHNEIDER, JR MADAR, R TI THE LOCAL PERFECTION OF MASSIVE GRADIENT CRYSTALS STUDIED BY HIGH-ENERGY X-RAY-DIFFRACTION SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIFFRACTOMETER; LAYERS AB Structural parameters of bulk crystalline materials can be accessed in a damage-free manner by high-energy X-ray diffraction. Specific parts of the sample can be characterized if they are distinguished by the lattice spacings. This technique is applied for the first time to massive Si1-xGex crystals with locally varying concentrations x. The data reveal e.g. an unusual lattice distortion with an in-plane expansion and an out-of-plane contraction if the samples are deposited at high temperature (1350 K). This is opposite to a distortion inferred from the difference in the lattice constants of Si and Ge. C1 FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. DESY, HASYLAB, D-22603 HAMBURG, GERMANY. ECOLE NATL SUPER PHYS GRENOBLE, INPG, CNRS, URA 1109, F-38402 ST MARTIN DHERES, FRANCE. RP MAGERL, A (reprint author), INST MAX VON LAUE PAUL LANGEVIN, BP 156X, F-38042 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. RI Poulsen, Henning/A-4131-2012; Liss, Klaus-Dieter/E-8548-2011; Magerl, Andreas/E-1797-2013 OI Liss, Klaus-Dieter/0000-0003-4323-0343; NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 31 IS 5-6 BP 329 EP 334 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/31/5-6/014 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RQ766 UT WOS:A1995RQ76600014 ER PT J AU KNOWLTON, RG CEKLENIAK, JA COHN, DH BRIGGS, MD HOFFMAN, SMG BRANDRIFF, BF OLSEN, AS AF KNOWLTON, RG CEKLENIAK, JA COHN, DH BRIGGS, MD HOFFMAN, SMG BRANDRIFF, BF OLSEN, AS TI HIGH-RESOLUTION GENETIC AND PHYSICAL MAPPING OF MULTIPLE EPIPHYSEAL DYSPLASIA AND PSEUDOACHONDROPLASIA MUTATIONS AT CHROMOSOME 19P13.1-P12 SO GENOMICS LA English DT Article AB Multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED) and pseudoachondroplasia (PSACH) are autosomal dominant chondrodysplasias that have similar phenotypes at both clinical and cytological levels. With the recent mapping of PSACH and one form of MED (EDM1) to the pericentromeric region of chromosome 19, it is likely that the disease mutations are allelic. D19S212 and D19S215, genetic markers flanking the EDM1/PSACH locus, have been localized in a chromosome 19 physical map consisting of cosmid contigs ordered by high-resolution FISH. These two markers define an interval of approximately 3.1 Mb at the 19p13.1-p12 boundary. With as many as five informative crossovers within the D19S212-D19S215 interval in one family with EDM1 and one family with a mild form of PSACH, recombination mapping at greater resolution was undertaken. From cosmid contigs physically mapped within the D19S212-D19S215 interval, four new dinucleotide repeat polymorphisms have been identified. Analysis of recombinant haplotypes in the two families has narrowed the possible location of the EDM1/PSACH gene to an interval of approximately 600 kb. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 JEFFERSON MED COLL,DEPT BIOCHEM & MOLEC BIOL,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19107. CEDARS SINAI MED CTR,DIV MED GENET,LOS ANGELES,CA 90048. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR39740]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD22657] NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 513 EP 519 DI 10.1006/geno.1995.1183 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RQ989 UT WOS:A1995RQ98900021 PM 7490089 ER PT J AU GHISO, NS EVELETH, GG LIEUALLEN, K LENNON, GG AF GHISO, NS EVELETH, GG LIEUALLEN, K LENNON, GG TI CHROMOSOMAL ASSIGNMENT OF 20 CDNAS USING FLOW-SORTED SPOT-BLOT STAMPS SO GENOMICS LA English DT Note ID RESOLUTION; GENE; CYTOMETRY; SUBUNIT; DISEASE AB Using a high-speed flow cytometer/sorter, we constructed spot-blot ''stamps'' measuring 3.5 x 2.0 cm containing 21 separate human chromosome fractions. Through hybridization to these stamps, 20 randomly selected cDNAs were assigned to specific chromosomes. Sequencing and BLAST database screening confirmed the location of one gene (UCHL1) and allowed the assignment of two other previously identified genes (LRP130 and cDNA IB871.) (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0888-7543 J9 GENOMICS JI Genomics PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 28 IS 3 BP 570 EP 572 DI 10.1006/geno.1995.1190 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA RQ989 UT WOS:A1995RQ98900028 PM 7490096 ER PT J AU LITVIN, AL SAMUELSON, LA CHARYCH, DH SPEVAK, W KAPLAN, DL AF LITVIN, AL SAMUELSON, LA CHARYCH, DH SPEVAK, W KAPLAN, DL TI INFLUENCE OF SUPRAMOLECULAR TEMPLATE ORGANIZATION ON MINERALIZATION SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Letter ID STEARIC-ACID MONOLAYERS; STRUCTURAL ASPECTS; RECOGNITION; INTERFACES; CRYSTALS AB The influence of supramolecular diacetylenic template structures on spacial location and morphology of CaCO3 crystals grown under the template has been demonstrated. The periodic modulations in supramolecular template textures (global geometry; millimeter scale) influence crystal location, whereas the local density of the template (local geometry; nanometer scale) influences the polymorph selectivity. For various anionic functional groups under specific experimental conditions, it was found that the binding of Ca ions to the organic template results in an increase of similar to 4.5-5 Angstrom(2)/molecule to the molecular area based on pressure-area isotherms. C1 USA,NATICK RES DEV & ENGN CTR,DIV BIOTECHNOL,NATICK,MA 01760. GEOCENTERS INC,NATICK,MA 01760. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 29 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 32 BP 12065 EP 12068 DI 10.1021/j100032a001 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RN706 UT WOS:A1995RN70600001 ER PT J AU PALMER, BJ ANCHELL, JL AF PALMER, BJ ANCHELL, JL TI MOLECULAR MECHANICS PARAMETERS FOR FLUORINE-SUBSTITUTED METHANES FROM AB-INITIO QUANTUM CALCULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID WATER; TEMPERATURE; SIMULATIONS AB Molecular mechanics parameters for the homologous series of fluorine-substituted methanes, CHxF4-x, are derived from ab initio Hartree-Fock surfaces. Ab initio intermolecular potential energy surfaces are calculated using a 6-31+G* basis set and include correlation using second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory. A least squares fit of the ab initio surface to a standard molecular mechanics potential function, including Lennard-Jones interactions plus partial charges, is then performed. The thermodynamic properties of the resulting molecular mechanics potential are calculated using conventional molecular dynamics simulations and compared to experimental results. Additional fine-tuning of the molecular mechanics potential is then performed to optimize the agreement with experimental results. The effect of including high-energy configurations in the fit is systematically investigated. RP PALMER, BJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 32 BP 12239 EP 12248 DI 10.1021/j100032a029 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RN706 UT WOS:A1995RN70600029 ER PT J AU GRANDINETTI, PJ BALTISBERGER, JH FARNAN, I STEBBINS, JF WERNER, U PINES, A AF GRANDINETTI, PJ BALTISBERGER, JH FARNAN, I STEBBINS, JF WERNER, U PINES, A TI SOLID-STATE O-17 MAGIC-ANGLE AND DYNAMIC-ANGLE SPINNING NMR-STUDY OF THE SIO2 POLYMORPH COESITE SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; RAY-DIFFRACTION DATA; ABINITIO CALCULATIONS; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; SILICATES; PARAMETERS; MOLECULES; MODELS; OXYGEN AB Five distinctly resolved O-17 solid-state NMR resonances in room temperature coesite, an SiO2 polymorph, have been observed and assigned using dynamic-angle spinning (DAS) at 11.7 T along with magic-angle spinning (MAS) spectra at 9.4 and 11.7 T. The O-17 quadrupolar parameters for each of the five oxygen environments in coesite are correlated with the Si-O-Si bridging bond angles determined by diffraction experiments. The sign of e(2)qQ/h along with the orientation of the electric field gradient for oxygen in the Si-O-Si linkage were determined from a Townes-Dailey analysis of the data. C1 BEREA COLL,DEPT CHEM,BEREA,KY 40404. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT GEOL & ENVIRONM SCI,STANFORD,CA 94305. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV SCI MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GRANDINETTI, PJ (reprint author), OHIO STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,120 W 18TH AVE,COLUMBUS,OH 43210, USA. RI Grandinetti, Philip/F-1084-2010 OI Grandinetti, Philip/0000-0003-0102-316X NR 41 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 32 BP 12341 EP 12348 DI 10.1021/j100032a045 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RN706 UT WOS:A1995RN70600045 ER PT J AU DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MIKUNAS, D MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL ZHANG, H AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CONTIN, A CORRADI, M GIALAS, I GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F POLINI, A SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T ECKERT, M FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GROTHE, M HARTMANN, H HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF MARI, SM MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E PFEIFFER, M REMBSER, C SCHRAMM, D STAMM, J WEDEMEYER, R CAMPBELLROBSON, S CASSIDY, A DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS NORMAN, DJP OMARA, JA TAPPER, R WILSON, SS YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M CAPUA, M GARFAGNINI, A IANNOTTI, L SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A CARTIGLIA, N PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S ZHU, Q BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BEIER, H BIENLEIN, JK COLDEWEY, C DEPPE, O DESLER, K DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M GILKINSON, DJ GLASMAN, C GOTTLICHER, P GROSSEKNETTER, J GUTJAHR, B HAAS, T HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H IGA, Y JOHNSON, K JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MAINUSCH, J MANCZAK, O MONTEIRO, T NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROCO, M ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHULZ, D SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E SURROW, B VOSS, T WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C ZEUNER, W ZHOU, JF GRABOSCH, HJ KHARCHILAVA, A LEICH, A MATTINGLY, MCK MEYER, A SCHLENSTEDT, S WULFF, N BARBAGLI, G PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G MACCARRONE, G DEPASQUALE, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A EISENHARDT, S FREIDHOF, A SOLDNERREMBOLD, S SCHROEDER, J TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FLECK, JI SAXON, DH UTLEY, ML WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD HAGGE, L LOHRMANN, E MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BRUEMMER, N BUTTERWORTH, I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL HUNG, VL LONG, KR MILLER, DB MORAWITZ, PPO PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK WHITFIELD, AF MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E WANG, MZ WANG, SM WU, JT CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEILL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G FERNANDEZ, JP GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L MARTINEZ, M DELPESO, J PUGA, J TERRON, J DETROCONIZ, JF SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG LAURENT, MS ULLMANN, R ZACEK, G BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KORZHAVINA, IA KUZMIN, VA LUKINA, OY PROSKURYAKOV, AS SAVIN, AA SHCHEGLOVA, LM SOLOMIN, AN ZOTOV, NP BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, DS BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N LANCASTER, M LINDEMANN, L MCFALL, JD NATH, C NOYES, VA QUADT, A TICKNER, JR UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WATERS, DS WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FEILD, RG OH, BY WHITMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G MARINI, G NIGRO, A TASSI, E HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E DUBBS, T HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M LOCKMAN, W RAHN, JT SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A WILLIAMS, DC BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ SCHWARZER, O WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H BRISKIN, G DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAKAMITSU, Y YAMAUCHI, K CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARBO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF JOO, KK LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS POLENZ, S SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ CATTERALL, CD JONES, TW KAZIEWICZ, PB LANE, JB SAUNDERS, RL SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y KARSHON, U REVEL, D ZERZION, D ALI, I BADGETT, WF BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH VAICIULIS, A WODARCZYK, M TSURUGAI, T BHADRA, S CARDY, ML FAGERSTROEM, CP FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM KHAKZAD, M SCHMIDKE, WB AF DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MIKUNAS, D MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL ZHANG, H AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CONTIN, A CORRADI, M GIALAS, I GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F POLINI, A SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T ECKERT, M FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GROTHE, M HARTMANN, H HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF MARI, SM MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E PFEIFFER, M REMBSER, C SCHRAMM, D STAMM, J WEDEMEYER, R CAMPBELLROBSON, S CASSIDY, A DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS NORMAN, DJP OMARA, JA TAPPER, R WILSON, SS YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M CAPUA, M GARFAGNINI, A IANNOTTI, L SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A CARTIGLIA, N PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S ZHU, Q BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BEIER, H BIENLEIN, JK COLDEWEY, C DEPPE, O DESLER, K DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M GILKINSON, DJ GLASMAN, C GOTTLICHER, P GROSSEKNETTER, J GUTJAHR, B HAAS, T HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H IGA, Y JOHNSON, K JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MAINUSCH, J MANCZAK, O MONTEIRO, T NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROCO, M ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHULZ, D SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E SURROW, B VOSS, T WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C ZEUNER, W ZHOU, JF GRABOSCH, HJ KHARCHILAVA, A LEICH, A MATTINGLY, MCK MEYER, A SCHLENSTEDT, S WULFF, N BARBAGLI, G PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G MACCARRONE, G DEPASQUALE, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A EISENHARDT, S FREIDHOF, A SOLDNERREMBOLD, S SCHROEDER, J TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FLECK, JI SAXON, DH UTLEY, ML WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD HAGGE, L LOHRMANN, E MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, M PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BRUEMMER, N BUTTERWORTH, I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL HUNG, VL LONG, KR MILLER, DB MORAWITZ, PPO PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK WHITFIELD, AF MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E WANG, MZ WANG, SM WU, JT CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEILL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G FERNANDEZ, JP GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L MARTINEZ, M DELPESO, J PUGA, J TERRON, J DETROCONIZ, JF SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LE STAIRS, DG LAURENT, MS ULLMANN, R ZACEK, G BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A BASHINDZHAGYAN, GL ERMOLOV, PF GLADILIN, LK GOLUBKOV, YA KOBRIN, VD KORZHAVINA, IA KUZMIN, VA LUKINA, OY PROSKURYAKOV, AS SAVIN, AA SHCHEGLOVA, LM SOLOMIN, AN ZOTOV, NP BOTJE, M CHLEBANA, F DAKE, A ENGELEN, J DEKAMPS, M KOOIJMAN, P KRUSE, A TIECKE, H VERKERKE, W VREESWIJK, M WIGGERS, L DEWOLF, E VANWOUDENBERG, R ACOSTA, D BYLSMA, B DURKIN, LS HONSCHEID, K LI, C LING, TY MCLEAN, KW MURRAY, WN PARK, IH ROMANOWSKI, TA SEIDLEIN, R BAILEY, DS BYRNE, A CASHMORE, RJ COOPERSARKAR, AM DEVENISH, RCE HARNEW, N LANCASTER, M LINDEMANN, L MCFALL, JD NATH, C NOYES, VA QUADT, A TICKNER, JR UIJTERWAAL, H WALCZAK, R WATERS, DS WILSON, FF YIP, T ABBIENDI, G BERTOLIN, A BRUGNERA, R CARLIN, R DALCORSO, F DEGIORGI, M DOSSELLI, U LIMENTANI, S MORANDIN, M POSOCCO, M STANCO, L STROILI, R VOCI, C BULMAHN, J BUTTERWORTH, JM FEILD, RG OH, BY WHITMORE, JJ DAGOSTINI, G MARINI, G NIGRO, A TASSI, E HART, JC MCCUBBIN, NA PRYTZ, K SHAH, TP SHORT, TL BARBERIS, E DUBBS, T HEUSCH, C VANHOOK, M LOCKMAN, W RAHN, JT SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A WILLIAMS, DC BILTZINGER, J SEIFERT, RJ SCHWARZER, O WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H BRISKIN, G DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAKAMITSU, Y YAMAUCHI, K CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARBO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF JOO, KK LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS POLENZ, S SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ CATTERALL, CD JONES, TW KAZIEWICZ, PB LANE, JB SAUNDERS, RL SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y KARSHON, U REVEL, D ZERZION, D ALI, I BADGETT, WF BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH VAICIULIS, A WODARCZYK, M TSURUGAI, T BHADRA, S CARDY, ML FAGERSTROEM, CP FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM KHAKZAD, M SCHMIDKE, WB TI DIFFRACTIVE HARD PHOTOPRODUCTION AT HERA AND EVIDENCE FOR THE GLUON CONTENT OF THE POMERON SO PHYSICS LETTERS B LA English DT Article ID LUND MONTE-CARLO; PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS; QUARK INTERACTIONS; JET FRAGMENTATION; E+E-PHYSICS; SCATTERING; EVENTS; DISSOCIATION; CALORIMETER; ZEUS AB Inclusive jet cross sections for events with a large rapidity gap with respect to the proton direction from the reaction ep --> jet + X with quasi-real photons have been measured with the ZEUS detector. The cross sections refer to jets with transverse energies E(T)(jet) > 8 GeV, The data show the characteristics of a diffractive process mediated by pomeron exchange. Assuming that the events are due to the exchange of a pomeron with partonic structure, the quark and gluon content of the pomeron is probed at a scale similar to (E(T)(jet))(2). A comparison of the measurements with model predictions based on QCD plus Regge phenomenology requires a contribution of partons with a hard momentum density in the pomeron. A combined analysis of the jet cross sections and recent ZEUS measurements of the diffractive structure function in deep inelastic scattering gives the first experimental evidence for the gluon content of the pomeron in diffractive hard scattering processes. The data indicate that between 30% and 80% of the momentum of the pomeron carried by partons is due to hard gluons. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. COLUMBIA UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LABS, NEW YORK, NY USA. ACAD MINING & MET KRAKOW, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECH, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, DEUTSCHES ELEKTRONEN SYNCHROTRON, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. DESY, INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, I-00044 FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV FREIBURG, FAK PHYS, W-7800 FREIBURG, GERMANY. UNIV GLASGOW, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, GLASGOW, LANARK, SCOTLAND. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 1, HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV HAMBURG, INST EXPTL PHYS 2, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. UNIV LONDON IMPERIAL COLL SCI & TECHNOL, HIGH ENERGY NUCL PHYS GRP, LONDON, ENGLAND. UNIV IOWA, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, IOWA CITY, IA 52242 USA. FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, INST KERNPHYS, JULICH, GERMANY. KOREA UNIV, SEOUL 136701, SOUTH KOREA. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, BATON ROUGE, LA 70803 USA. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID, DEPT FIS TEOR, MADRID, SPAIN. UNIV MANITOBA, DEPT PHYS, WINNIPEG, MB R3T 2N2, CANADA. MCGILL UNIV, DEPT PHYS, MONTREAL, PQ, CANADA. MOSCOW ENGN PHYS INST, MOSCOW 115409, RUSSIA. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV, INST NUCL PHYS, MOSCOW, RUSSIA. NIKHEF, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. UNIV AMSTERDAM, AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS. OHIO STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBUS, OH 43210 USA. UNIV OXFORD, DEPT PHYS, OXFORD, ENGLAND. UNIV PADUA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, PADUA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, PADUA, ITALY. PENN STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, UNIVERSITY PK, PA 16802 USA. UNIV ROMA LA SAPIENZA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00185 ROME, ITALY. RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, DIDCOT OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. UNIV GESAMTHSCH SIEGEN, FACHBEREICH PHYS, W-5900 SIEGEN, GERMANY. TEL AVIV UNIV, SCH PHYS, IL-69978 TEL AVIV, ISRAEL. UNIV TOKYO, INST NUCL STUDY, TOKYO, JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, TOKYO, JAPAN. UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS SPERIMENTALE, TURIN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. UNIV TURIN, FAC SCI 2, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ALESSANDRIA, ITALY. UCL, DEPT PHYS & ASTRON, TORONTO, ON, CANADA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. WARSAW UNIV, INST PHYS EXPTL, WARSAW, POLAND. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-00681 WARSAW, POLAND. WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. IROE FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. RP ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Solomin, Anatoly/C-3072-2016; Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/I-5152-2016; Capua, Marcella/A-8549-2015; Morandin, Mauro/A-3308-2016; Bashkirov, Vladimir/A-4818-2008; De Pasquale, Salvatore/B-9165-2008; Lancaster, Mark/C-1693-2008; Doyle, Anthony/C-5889-2009; Golubkov, Yury/E-1643-2012; Proskuryakov, Alexander/J-6166-2012; Katz, Uli/E-1925-2013; Wiggers, Leo/B-5218-2015; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/H-9127-2015; Tassi, Enrico/K-3958-2015; Gladilin, Leonid/B-5226-2011 OI Graciani Diaz, Ricardo/0000-0001-7166-5198; Anzivino, Giuseppina/0000-0002-5967-0952; Castellini, Guido/0000-0002-0177-0643; Capua, Marcella/0000-0002-2443-6525; Lancaster, Mark/0000-0002-8872-7292; Utley, Martin/0000-0001-9928-1516; Morandin, Mauro/0000-0003-4708-4240; De Pasquale, Salvatore/0000-0001-9236-0748; Doyle, Anthony/0000-0001-6322-6195; Katz, Uli/0000-0002-7063-4418; Wiggers, Leo/0000-0003-1060-0520; Hernandez Calama, Jose Maria/0000-0001-6436-7547; Gladilin, Leonid/0000-0001-9422-8636 NR 54 TC 70 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0370-2693 EI 1873-2445 J9 PHYS LETT B JI Phys. Lett. B PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 356 IS 1 BP 129 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00803-S PG 18 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RP417 UT WOS:A1995RP41700019 ER PT J AU NADA, R HESS, AC PISANI, C AF NADA, R HESS, AC PISANI, C TI TOPOLOGICAL DEFECTS AT THE (001) SURFACE OF MGO - ENERGETICS AND REACTIVITY SO SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE AB-INITIO QUANTUM CHEMICAL METHODS AND CALCULATIONS; COMPUTER SIMULATIONS; GREENS FUNCTION METHODS; MAGNESIUM OXIDES; SURFACE ENERGY; SURFACE RELAXATION AND RECONSTRUCTION; SURFACE STRUCTURE, MORPHOLOGY, ROUGHNESS, AND TOPOGRAPHY ID ABINITIO HARTREE-FOCK; MGO(001) SURFACE; MAGNESIUM-OXIDE; SIMULATION; SITES; LEED AB We present the results of a theoretical study in which we investigated the properties of topological defects on the (001) MgO surface. We employed a recently developed method that provides an accurate description of local properties near a defect while taking into account the interactions between the defect and the surrounding crystal. We report calculated formation energies for steps and islands of various sizes on this surface and compare those energies to the formation of similar islands in vacuum. In addition, we evaluated the energetic contribution of various low-coordination sites to the total crystal energy. By combining these data and extrapolating the results, we were able to determine the average size of the islands. These results, in conjunction with calculations that evaluated the electronic properties of different defect sites, allowed us to conclude that there is little interaction between low-coordinated sites in a block of adatoms and the ions that comprise the ''surface'' below. The electrostatic potential acting on low-coordinated sites in a given island is mainly generated by the other co-planar ions in the island. The chemistry of these steps and islands differs considerably from that of the perfect (001) surface. In part, we attribute the enhanced reactivity of the low-coordinated sites to anisotropy in the electrostatic potential. In particular, we note the presence of ''lobes'' in the surface electrostatic potential that are oriented approximately 45 degrees off the surface normal (this region of space is also associated with the largest electric field magnitude). This finding suggests that the adsorption of small polarizable molecules would preferentially take place at about 45 degrees from the surface normal in the vicinity of certain topological defects. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, MOLEC SCI RES CTR, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP NADA, R (reprint author), UNIV TURIN, DIPARTIMENTO CHIM INORGAN FIS & MAT, V GIURIA 5, I-10125 TURIN, ITALY. NR 26 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-6028 J9 SURF SCI JI Surf. Sci. PD AUG 10 PY 1995 VL 336 IS 3 BP 353 EP 361 DI 10.1016/0039-6028(95)00499-8 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RQ630 UT WOS:A1995RQ63000016 ER PT J AU LI, M SELVIN, PR AF LI, M SELVIN, PR TI LUMINESCENT POLYAMINOCARBOXYLATE CHELATES OF TERBIUM AND EUROPIUM - THE EFFECT OF CHELATE STRUCTURE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TIME-RESOLVED FLUORESCENCE; ENERGY-TRANSFER; COMPLEX; LABEL; ACID; HYBRIDIZATION; EXCITATION; PROTEIN; PROBES; LIGAND AB We have synthesized and spectrally characterized a series of new luminescent lanthanide complexes based on linear and macrocycle polyaminocarboxylate chelates, covalently joined to an organic sensitizer 7-amino-4-methyl-2(1H)-quinolinone (carbostyril 124). These complexes are luminescent with both terbium and europium and have millisecond lifetime, sharply-spiked emission spectra (<10 mm fwhm), large Stokes shifts (> 150 nm), excellent solubility, moderate absorption (12 000 M(-1) cm(-1) at 327 mm), and high quantum yields for lanthanide emission. These characteristics make them useful alternatives to radioactive probes, to fluorescent dyes, and as donors in energy transfer experiments. A comparison of luminescence, intensity, spectra, lifetime, and number of coordinated waters is made. Net charge varies from -2 to neutral and water coordination number from 0.2 to 1.2. By comparison of lanthanide emission lifetimes with lanthanide, chelates without sensitizer, it is shown that the sensitizer does not lead to nonradiative de-excitation and that the quantum yield for lanthanide emission is likely close to unity. Emission of terbium in all chelates is similar. With europium, the macrocycle chelates have enhanced far-red emission (700 nm) and one linear polyaminocarboxylate chelate, triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid, has 60% of its emission with europium in a sharply-spiked band around 617 nn with a full width at half-maximum of 3.3 nm. These chelates are the most efficient energy transfer donors yet synthesized. In imaging, they may make possible two-color detection with no spectral overlap and a single excitation wavelength, as well as the ability to discriminate against short-lived autofluorescence background. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 41 TC 226 Z9 228 U1 4 U2 47 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 9 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 31 BP 8132 EP 8138 DI 10.1021/ja00136a010 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RN621 UT WOS:A1995RN62100010 ER PT J AU JENSEN, JH GORDON, MS AF JENSEN, JH GORDON, MS TI ON THE NUMBER OF WATER-MOLECULES NECESSARY TO STABILIZE THE GLYCINE ZWITTERION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LOCALIZED CHARGE-DISTRIBUTIONS; MILLIMETER WAVE SPECTRUM; BASIS-SETS; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GASEOUS GLYCINE; 1ST-ROW ATOMS; GAS-PHASE; ENERGY; SIMULATION; CONFORMER AB A thorough ab initio study of how the addition of successive water molecules shifts the gas phase zwitterion-neutral equilibrium of the amino acid glycine toward that of the solution phase is presented. Of particular interest is the number of water molecules necessary to stabilize the zwitterion, and how the solvent effects conformational preference. It is found that two water molecules can stabilize the glycine zwitterion, that is, give rise to a potential energy minimum with at least one vibrational level. The results are analyzed and explained using localized charge distributions. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT CHEM, AMES, IA 50011 USA. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, US DOE, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Jensen, Jan/G-4338-2010 OI Jensen, Jan/0000-0002-1465-1010 NR 65 TC 368 Z9 374 U1 3 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 9 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 31 BP 8159 EP 8170 DI 10.1021/ja00136a013 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RN621 UT WOS:A1995RN62100013 ER PT J AU BURK, MJ FENG, SG GROSS, MF TUMAS, W AF BURK, MJ FENG, SG GROSS, MF TUMAS, W TI ASYMMETRIC CATALYTIC-HYDROGENATION REACTIONS IN SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID C2-SYMMETRICAL BIS(PHOSPHOLANES); FLUIDS; ETHANE C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BURK, MJ (reprint author), DUKE UNIV,DEPT CHEM,PM GROSS CHEM LABS,DURHAM,NC 27706, USA. NR 31 TC 213 Z9 225 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 9 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 31 BP 8277 EP 8278 DI 10.1021/ja00136a029 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RN621 UT WOS:A1995RN62100029 ER PT J AU MELNICHENKO, YB SCHULLER, J RICHERT, R EWEN, B LOONG, CK AF MELNICHENKO, YB SCHULLER, J RICHERT, R EWEN, B LOONG, CK TI DYNAMICS OF HYDROGEN-BONDED LIQUIDS CONFINED TO MESOPORES - A DIELECTRIC AND NEUTRON SPECTROSCOPY STUDY SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GLASS-TRANSITION; MOLECULAR LIQUIDS; SOLID-SURFACES; CALORIMETRIC RELAXATION; RESTRICTED GEOMETRIES; DEUTERON RELAXATION; FORCE MEASUREMENTS; SELF-DIFFUSION; POLYMER MELTS; POROUS SILICA AB In this paper we present and discuss experimental results on molecular mobility in propylene glycol and its three oligomers confined to the similar to 100 Angstrom pores of a controlled porous glass. The objective is to elucidate the finite size effects on the dynamics of hydrogen-bonded liquids of different molecular weights but identical chemical composition. The methods of dielectric and neutron spectroscopy have been employed to investigate both the low- and high-frequency features as a function of temperature. We find that all fluids in pores separate into two distinct liquid phases. (i) molecules physisorbed at the surface which exhibit a dramatic frustration of their mobility related to a substantial positive shift of the glass transition temperature T-g by up to Delta T-g approximate to+47 K; and (ii) relatively ''free'' molecules in the inner pore space subject to only moderate retardation of the ct and normal mode relaxation and substantial broadening of the distribution of relaxation times. The shift in T-g for the alpha process with Delta T-g approximate to+5 K is maximal for the monomer liquid and gradually diminishes with increasing molecular weight or decreasing intermolecular hydrogen bonding. The inelastic neutron spectrum of confined propylene glycol shows the boson peak as expected in bulk strong and intermediate glass formers in the vicinity of T-g. This effect can be attributed to the finite-size induced crossover from long wave vibrations characteristic of a continuous medium to localized vibrations in a confined geometry. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP MELNICHENKO, YB (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST POLYMER RES,ACKERMANNWEG 10,D-55128 MAINZ,GERMANY. RI Richert, Ranko/M-8942-2015 OI Richert, Ranko/0000-0001-8503-3175 NR 87 TC 144 Z9 144 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 1995 VL 103 IS 6 BP 2016 EP 2024 DI 10.1063/1.469728 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA RM539 UT WOS:A1995RM53900003 ER PT J AU YETHIRAJ, A CURRO, JG RAJASEKARAN, JJ AF YETHIRAJ, A CURRO, JG RAJASEKARAN, JJ TI THERMODYNAMICS AND LOCAL-STRUCTURE OF VINYL POLYMER MELTS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTEGRAL-EQUATION THEORY; LIQUIDS; SIMULATIONS; FLUIDS; DENSE AB Monte Carlo simulation results are reported for the site-site pair correlations and equation of state of model vinyl polymer melts. The molecules are freely jointed hard chains with a hard sphere side-group attached to every other backbone bead. The local structure and pressure are investigated as a function of the diameter of the side group for melt-like densities. The intramolecular correlation functions are well represented by a single chain model where excluded volume interactions are included for beads separated by four bonds or less and neglected otherwise. The intermolecular correlation functions show interesting packing effects. The side group shields the backbone beads from approaching each other, to a degree that increases with increasing diameter of the side group. The polymer reference interaction site model integral equation theory is in good agreement with the simulation results for the pair correlation functions. At fixed volume fraction, the pressure is found to be a non-monotonic function of the size of the side group. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT CHEM,MADISON,WI 53706. SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ADV MAT LAB,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP YETHIRAJ, A (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,INST THEORET CHEM,MADISON,WI 53706, USA. OI Yethiraj, Arun/0000-0002-8579-449X NR 19 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 1995 VL 103 IS 6 BP 2229 EP 2236 DI 10.1063/1.469698 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA RM539 UT WOS:A1995RM53900025 ER PT J AU KENT, MS LEE, LT FACTOR, BJ RONDELEZ, F SMITH, GS AF KENT, MS LEE, LT FACTOR, BJ RONDELEZ, F SMITH, GS TI TETHERED CHAINS IN GOOD SOLVENT CONDITIONS - AN EXPERIMENTAL-STUDY INVOLVING LANGMUIR DIBLOCK COPOLYMER MONOLAYERS SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID GRAFTED POLYMER BRUSH; BLOCK COPOLYMERS; NEUTRON REFLECTIVITY; DENSITY PROFILE; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ADSORPTION; SURFACE; INTERFACE; LAYERS; MICA AB We have employed Langmuir monolayers of polydimethylsiloxane-polystyrene diblock copolymers as a model system for examining layers of tethered chains under good solvent conditions. The range of surface density accessible with this system coincides with the ranges reported in the literature for chains tethered onto solid substrates from dilute solution in good solvents. We have varied both the surface density (sigma) and the molecular weight (M) of the submerged polystyrene block independently, covering over a decade in each variable. Both the form of the segmental concentration profile and the variation of the layer height with sigma and M are in good agreement with numerical self-consistent-held (SCF) calculations. On the other hand, we do not observe precise agreement with the scaling predictions for strongly stretched chains, in contrast to some previous reports. Through measurements of the surface pressure (II), we present the first direct comparison between anchoring energies and differential chain energies in tethered layers. We fmd these to be of equal magnitude at the desorption transition. However, the chain energies reach values roughly an order of magnitude larger than can be accounted for by the osmotic interaction of the polystyrene segments in the good solvent. In addition, the dependence of II on sigma is more consistent with a model of soft spheres with hard cores than that of a semidilute polymer mesh. The hard core areas seem to be loosely related to R(g). We attribute these observations to a steric effect which limits lateral interpenetration of the submerged blocks. The sharp rise in II with sigma is of great practical importance as it limits the maximum surface coverage in this system, and may also do so for other systems. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 CENS,LAB LEON BRILLOUIN,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. INST CURIE,PSI LAB,PHYS & CHIM SECT,F-75005 PARIS,FRANCE. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANCSE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP KENT, MS (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 1815,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 49 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD AUG 8 PY 1995 VL 103 IS 6 BP 2320 EP 2342 DI 10.1063/1.469707 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA RM539 UT WOS:A1995RM53900034 ER PT J AU CHOW, WW KNORR, A KOCH, SW AF CHOW, WW KNORR, A KOCH, SW TI THEORY OF LASER GAIN IN GROUP-III NITRIDES SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SEMICONDUCTORS AB A many-body calculation of the nonlinear optical response of bulk group-III nitrides is presented. For the example of GaN it is shown that the Coulomb effects contribute significantly to the magnitude and spectral extension, as well as the temperature and carrier density dependences of the optical gain and absorption. (C) 1995 America Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MARBURG,DEPT PHYS,D-35032 MARBURG,GERMANY. UNIV MARBURG,CTR MAT SCI,D-35032 MARBURG,GERMANY. RP CHOW, WW (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 15 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 6 BP 754 EP 756 DI 10.1063/1.115215 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN017 UT WOS:A1995RN01700008 ER PT J AU HEGEDUS, SS KAMPAS, F XI, JP AF HEGEDUS, SS KAMPAS, F XI, JP TI CURRENT TRANSPORT IN AMORPHOUS-SILICON N/P JUNCTIONS AND THEIR APPLICATION AS TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS IN TANDEM SOLAR-CELLS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Current transport in a-Si based n/p (''tunnel'') junctions is investigated using current-voltage-temperature and quantum efficiency measurements. Currents are nearly ohmic and temperature independent under typical solar cell operating conditions. Incorporating a thin a-Si(B) p(+) layer between the n and p layers and replacing either a-Si layer with a microcrystalline layer improves the device by reducing the resistance and increasing the recombination. Light soaking improves the devices slightly, These results are consistent with a recently proposed recombination-tunneling model. Incorporating improved interconnect junctions in tandem solar cell devices improved the initial and stabilized performance. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 ADV PHOTOVOLTA SYST,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP HEGEDUS, SS (reprint author), UNIV DELAWARE,US DOE,UNIV CTR EXCELLENCE PHOTOVOLTA RES & EDUC,NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,NEWARK,DE 19716, USA. NR 14 TC 25 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 6 BP 813 EP 815 DI 10.1063/1.115452 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN017 UT WOS:A1995RN01700028 ER PT J AU KUNCHUR, MN CHRISTEN, DK KLABUNDE, CE SALAMA, K AF KUNCHUR, MN CHRISTEN, DK KLABUNDE, CE SALAMA, K TI EXPLORING THE DISSIPATIVE REGIME OF SUPERCONDUCTORS FOR PRACTICAL CURRENT-LEAD APPLICATIONS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article AB A pulsed-current technique was used to measure the extended I-V characteristics of a wide variety of prototype high-temperature-superconductor (HTS) leads. It was found that the average resistivity rises with J(>J(c)) more gradually than in conventional superconductors-often remaining very small compared to silver, for values of J(much greater than J(c)) that are high enough to be practically useful This observation, combined with the low thermal conductivity (similar to 50 times smaller than Ag), should extend the utility of HTS leads to the dissipative regime where J/J(c) much greater than 1. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV HOUSTON, TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT, HOUSTON, TX 77204 USA. UNIV HOUSTON, DEPT MECH ENGN, HOUSTON, TX 77204 USA. RP OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 10 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 6 BP 848 EP 850 DI 10.1063/1.115525 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN017 UT WOS:A1995RN01700040 ER PT J AU CHO, S YAO, YT KETTERSON, JB TELSCHOW, KL AF CHO, S YAO, YT KETTERSON, JB TELSCHOW, KL TI J(C) ENHANCEMENT OF ELECTROPHORETICALLY DEPOSITED YBA2CU3O7-DELTA SUPERCONDUCTING WIRE BY BAF2 ADDITION SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FILMS; FABRICATION AB We have prepared YBa2Cu3O7-delta (YBCO) superconducting wires by electrophoretic deposition. Ag wire was used as a substrate. Adding a small amount of BaF2 tends to remove cracks in the YBCO layer which develop during the heating process. The suppression of cracks produced a dramatic improvement in the critical current density (J(c)). At 77 K, J(c) increased from 18 A/cm(2) for BaF2-free YBCO wire to 646 A/cm(2) for a critical concentration of 2.7 wt% BaF2 after which it decreased monotonically with increasing BaF2 content. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP CHO, S (reprint author), NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EVANSTON,IL 60208, USA. RI Ketterson, John/B-7234-2009 NR 15 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 6 BP 851 EP 853 DI 10.1063/1.115526 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN017 UT WOS:A1995RN01700041 ER PT J AU HUNDLEY, MF HAWLEY, M HEFFNER, RH JIA, QX NEUMEIER, JJ TESMER, J THOMPSON, JD WU, XD AF HUNDLEY, MF HAWLEY, M HEFFNER, RH JIA, QX NEUMEIER, JJ TESMER, J THOMPSON, JD WU, XD TI TRANSPORT-MAGNETISM CORRELATIONS IN THE FERROMAGNETIC OXIDE LA0.7CA0.3MNO3 SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETORESISTANCE; ND0.5PB0.5MNO3 AB We present results of temperature and magnetic field dependent resistivity rho(H,T) and bulk magnetization M(H,T) measurements on post-annealed La0.7Ca0.3MnO3 thin films that were grown via pulsed-laser deposition. Both the resistivity and the anomalously large negative magnetoresistance peak near the ferromagnetic ordering temperature (T-c=250 K), with Delta rho/rho(0)=-85% at 50 kOe. A clear correlation is found between rho and M that is described by the phenomenological expression rho(H,T)(proportional to)exp[-M(H,T)/M(0)]. This correlation reflects the important interplay between transport and magnetism in this system, and suggests that the transport below T-c involves polaron hopping. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RI Jia, Q. X./C-5194-2008 NR 23 TC 288 Z9 296 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 EI 1077-3118 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 6 BP 860 EP 862 DI 10.1063/1.115529 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN017 UT WOS:A1995RN01700044 ER PT J AU WARREN, WL DIMOS, D PIKE, GE TUTTLE, BA RAYMOND, MV RAMESH, R EVANS, JT AF WARREN, WL DIMOS, D PIKE, GE TUTTLE, BA RAYMOND, MV RAMESH, R EVANS, JT TI VOLTAGE SHIFTS AND IMPRINT IN FERROELECTRIC CAPACITORS SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL BIAS; MEMORIES; CERAMICS; BATIO3 AB Voltage offsets in the polarization-voltage characteristics of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 capacitors can be induced by either thermal or optical processes. The thermally (optically) induced voltage shift occurs by heating (illuminating) the sample under remanence or a saturating bias. Generally speaking, the thermally induced voltage shifts are greater than those obtained optically; this is attributed to the role of oxygen vacancy-related defect dipoles throughout the film. We find that the inclusion of a dopant element that occupies a portion of the Ti(Zr) sites and has an oxidation state greater than +4 reduces the thermally induced voltage shifts observed in the capacitors. This may result because these particular dopants reduce the oxygen vacancy density and, hence, the defect-dipole contribution to the voltage shift. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV MARYLAND,DEPT MAT & NUCL ENGN,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. RADIANT TECHNOL INC,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87106. RP WARREN, WL (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 19 TC 156 Z9 157 U1 3 U2 42 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 6 BP 866 EP 868 DI 10.1063/1.115531 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN017 UT WOS:A1995RN01700046 ER PT J AU BURFORD, DR DUONG, HD FLYNN, JM GOUGH, BJ HAZEL, NM NIEVES, J SHANAHAN, HP AF BURFORD, DR DUONG, HD FLYNN, JM GOUGH, BJ HAZEL, NM NIEVES, J SHANAHAN, HP TI FORM-FACTORS FOR B-]PI-L(V)OVER-BAR(L) AND B-]K-ASTERISK-GAMMA DECAYS ON THE LATTICE SO NUCLEAR PHYSICS B LA English DT Article ID SEMILEPTONIC DECAYS; QCD; IMPROVEMENT; MESONS AB We present a unified method for analysing form factors in B --> pi l ($) over bar nu(l) and B --> K*gamma decays. The analysis provides consistency checks on the q(2) and 1/M extrapolations necessary to obtain the physical decay rates. For the first time the q(2) dependence of the form factors is obtained at the B scale. In the B --> pi l ($) over bar nu(l) case, we show that pole fits to f(+) may not be consistent with the q(2) behaviour of f(0), leading to a possible factor of two uncertainty in the decay rate and hence in the value of /V-ub/(2) deduced from it. For B --> K*gamma, from the combined analysis of form factors T-1 and T-2, we find the hadronisation ratio R(K)* of the exclusive B --> K*gamma to the inclusive b --> s gamma rates is of order 35% or 15% for constant and pole-type behaviour of T-2, respectively. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV EDINBURGH,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,EDINBURGH EH9 3JZ,MIDLOTHIAN,SCOTLAND. UNIV GLASGOW,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,GLASGOW G12 8QQ,LANARK,SCOTLAND. RP BURFORD, DR (reprint author), UNIV SOUTHAMPTON,DEPT PHYS,SOUTHAMPTON SO17 1BJ,HANTS,ENGLAND. RI Nieves, Juan/K-2115-2014 OI Nieves, Juan/0000-0002-2518-4606 NR 27 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0550-3213 J9 NUCL PHYS B JI Nucl. Phys. B PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 447 IS 2-3 BP 425 EP 437 DI 10.1016/0550-3213(95)00223-F PG 13 WC Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA RP131 UT WOS:A1995RP13100012 ER PT J AU BAKER, GA KAWASHIMA, N AF BAKER, GA KAWASHIMA, N TI RENORMALIZED COUPLING-CONSTANT FOR THE 3-DIMENSIONAL ISING-MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE FIELD-THEORY; MONTE-CARLO; PERTURBATION-THEORY; CRITICAL-BEHAVIOR; CRITICAL-DYNAMICS; LARGE ORDER; PERCOLATION AB Monte Carlo calculations of the renormalized coupling constant for the three-dimensional Ising model are reported. Improved estimators both for the second partial of the susceptibility with respect to the magnetic field and for the correlation length are developed. These estimators show greatly improved convergence properties, and allow us to compute for system sizes and temperature rather more relevant to the thermodynamic limit than previously. Our results indicate strongly that hyperscaling holds for this model. RP BAKER, GA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV THEORET, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 994 EP 997 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100003 ER PT J AU DERRICK, M KRAKAUER, D MAGILL, S MIKUNAS, D MUSGRAVE, B REPOND, J STANEK, R TALAGA, RL ZHANG, H AYAD, R BARI, G BASILE, M BELLAGAMBA, L BOSCHERINI, D BRUNI, A BRUNI, G BRUNI, P ROMEO, GC CASTELLINI, G CHIARINI, M CIFARELLI, L CINDOLO, F CONTIN, A CORRADI, M GIALAS, I GIUSTI, P IACOBUCCI, G LAURENTI, G LEVI, G MARGOTTI, A MASSAM, T NANIA, R NEMOZ, C PALMONARI, F POLINI, A SARTORELLI, G TIMELLINI, R GARCIA, YZ ZICHICHI, A BARGENDE, A CRITTENDEN, J DESCH, K DIEKMANN, B DOEKER, T ECKERT, M FELD, L FREY, A GEERTS, M GEITZ, G GROTHE, M HAAS, T HARTMANN, H HAUN, D HEINLOTH, K HILGER, E JAKOB, HP KATZ, UF MARI, SM MASS, A MENGEL, S MOLLEN, J PAUL, E REMBSER, C SCHATTEVOY, R SCHRAMM, D STAMM, J WEDEMEYER, R CAMPBELLROBSON, S CASSIDY, A DYCE, N FOSTER, B GEORGE, S GILMORE, R HEATH, GP HEATH, HF LLEWELLYN, TJ MORGADO, CJS NORMAN, DJP OMARA, JA TAPPER, RJ WILSON, S YOSHIDA, R RAU, RR ARNEODO, M IANNOTTI, L SCHIOPPA, M SUSINNO, G BERNSTEIN, A CALDWELL, A CARTIGLIA, N PARSONS, JA RITZ, S SCIULLI, F STRAUB, PB WAI, L YANG, S ZHU, Q BORZEMSKI, P CHWASTOWSKI, J ESKREYS, A PIOTRZKOWSKI, K ZACHARA, M ZAWIEJSKI, L ADAMCZYK, L BEDNAREK, B JELEN, K KISIELEWSKA, D KOWALSKI, T RULIKOWSKAZAREBSKA, E SUSZYCKI, L ZAJAC, J KOTANSKI, A PRZYBYCIEN, M BAUERDICK, LAT BEHRENS, U BEIER, H BIENLEIN, JK COLDEWEY, C DEPPE, O DESLER, K DREWS, G FLASINSKI, M GILKINSON, DJ GLASMAN, C GOTTLICHER, P GROSSEKNETTER, J GUTJAHR, B HAIN, W HASELL, D HESSLING, H HULTSCHIG, H IGA, Y JOOS, P KASEMANN, M KLANNER, R KOCH, W KOPKE, L KOTZ, U KOWALSKI, H LABS, J LADAGE, A LOHR, B LOWE, M LUKE, D MANCZAK, O NG, JST NICKEL, S NOTZ, D OHRENBERG, K ROCO, M ROHDE, M ROLDAN, J SCHNEEKLOTH, U SCHULZ, W SELONKE, F STILIARIS, E SURROW, B VOSS, T WESTPHAL, D WOLF, G YOUNGMAN, C ZHOU, JF GRABOSCH, HJ KHARCHILAVA, A LEICH, A MATTINGLY, M MEYER, A SCHLENSTEDT, S WULFF, N BARBAGLI, G PELFER, P ANZIVINO, G MACCARONE, G DEPASQUALE, S VOTANO, L BAMBERGER, A EISENHARDT, S FREIDHOF, A SOLDNERREMBOLD, S SCHROEDER, J TREFZGER, T BROOK, NH BUSSEY, PJ DOYLE, AT FLECK, JI SAXON, DH UTLEY, ML WILSON, AS DANNEMANN, A HOLM, U HORSTMANN, D NEUMANN, T SINKUS, R WICK, K BADURA, E BUROW, BD HAGGE, L LOHRMANN, E MAINUSCH, J MILEWSKI, J NAKAHATA, N PAVEL, N POELZ, G SCHOTT, W ZETSCHE, F BACON, TC BUTTERWORTH, I GALLO, E HARRIS, VL HUNG, BYH LONG, KR MILLER, DB MORAWITZ, PPO PRINIAS, A SEDGBEER, JK WHITFIELD, AF MALLIK, U MCCLIMENT, E WANG, MZ WANG, SM WU, JT ZHANG, Y CLOTH, P FILGES, D AN, SH HONG, SM NAM, SW PARK, SK SUH, MH YON, SH IMLAY, R KARTIK, S KIM, HJ MCNEIL, RR METCALF, W NADENDLA, VK BARREIRO, F CASES, G GRACIANI, R HERNANDEZ, JM HERVAS, L LABARGA, L DELPESO, J PUGA, J TERRON, J DETROCONIZ, JF SMITH, GR CORRIVEAU, F HANNA, DS HARTMANN, J HUNG, LW LIM, JN MATTHEWS, CG PATEL, PM SINCLAIR, LKE STAIRS, DG STLAURENT, M ULLMANN, R ZACEK, G BASHKIROV, V DOLGOSHEIN, BA STIFUTKIN, A 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HFW SEIDEN, A BILTZINGER, J SCHWARZER, O SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H BRISKIN, G DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAKAMITSU, Y YAMAUCHI, K CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF JOO, KK LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ CATTERALL, CD JONES, TW KAZIEWICZ, PB LANE, JB SAUNDERS, RL SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K KOCHOCKI, J LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y KARSHON, U REVEL, D ZERZION, D ALI, I BADGETT, WF BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD 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SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A BILTZINGER, J SCHWARZER, O SEIFERT, RJ WALENTA, AH ZECH, G ABRAMOWICZ, H BRISKIN, G DAGAN, S LEVY, A HASEGAWA, T HAZUMI, M ISHII, T KUZE, M MINE, S NAGASAWA, Y NAKAO, M SUZUKI, I TOKUSHUKU, K YAMADA, S YAMAZAKI, Y CHIBA, M HAMATSU, R HIROSE, T HOMMA, K KITAMURA, S NAKAMITSU, Y YAMAUCHI, K CIRIO, R COSTA, M FERRERO, MI LAMBERTI, L MASELLI, S PERONI, C SACCHI, R SOLANO, A STAIANO, A DARDO, M BAILEY, DC BANDYOPADHYAY, D BENARD, F BRKIC, M CROMBIE, MB GINGRICH, DM HARTNER, GF JOO, KK LEVMAN, GM MARTIN, JF ORR, RS SAMPSON, CR TEUSCHER, RJ CATTERALL, CD JONES, TW KAZIEWICZ, PB LANE, JB SAUNDERS, RL SHULMAN, J BLANKENSHIP, K KOCHOCKI, J LU, B MO, LW BOGUSZ, W CHARCHULA, K CIBOROWSKI, J GAJEWSKI, J GRZELAK, G KASPRZAK, M KRZYZANOWSKI, M MUCHOROWSKI, K NOWAK, RJ PAWLAK, JM TYMIENIECKA, T WROBLEWSKI, AK ZAKRZEWSKI, JA ZARNECKI, AF ADAMUS, M EISENBERG, Y KARSHON, U REVEL, D ZERZION, D ALI, I BADGETT, WF BEHRENS, B DASU, S FORDHAM, C FOUDAS, C GOUSSIOU, A LOVELESS, RJ REEDER, DD SILVERSTEIN, S SMITH, WH VAICIULIS, A WODARCZYK, M TSURUGAI, T BHADRA, S CARDY, ML FAGERSTROEM, CP FRISKEN, WR FURUTANI, KM KHAKZAD, M SCHMIDKE, WB TI MEASUREMENT OF CHARGED AND NEUTRAL-CURRENT E(-)P DEEP-INELASTIC SCATTERING CROSS-SECTIONS AT HIGH Q(2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID PARTON DISTRIBUTIONS AB Deep inelastic e-p scattering has been studied in both the charged current (CC) and neutral current (NC) reactions at momentum transfers squared Q(2) above 400 GeV2 using the ZEUS detector at the HERA ep collider. The CC and NC total cross sections, the NC to CC cross section ratio, and the differential cross sections d sigma/dQ(2) are presented. From the Q(2) dependence of the CC cross section, the mass term in the CC propagator is determined to be M(W) = 76 +/- 16 +/- 13 GeV. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA, BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. UNIV BONN, INST PHYS, W-5300 BONN, GERMANY. UNIV BRISTOL, HH WILLS PHYS LAB, BRISTOL BS8 1TL, AVON, ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. UNIV CALABRIA, DEPT PHYS, I-87036 COSENZA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, COSENZA, ITALY. COLUMBIA UNIV, NEVIS LAB, IRVINGTON, NY 10533 USA. INST NUCL PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. ACAD MINING & MET, FAC PHYS & NUCL TECH, KRAKOW, POLAND. JAGIELLONIAN UNIV, DEPT PHYS, KRAKOW, POLAND. DESY, W-2000 HAMBURG, GERMANY. INST HOCHENERGIEPHYS, DESY, ZEUTHEN, GERMANY. UNIV FLORENCE, FLORENCE, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-50125 FLORENCE, ITALY. NAZL FRASCATI LAB, FRASCATI, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, FRASCATI, ITALY. 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WEIZMANN INST SCI, DEPT NUCL PHYS, IL-76100 REHOVOT, ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT PHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. MEIJI GAKUIN UNIV, FAC GEN EDUC, YOKOHAMA, KANAGAWA, JAPAN. YORK UNIV, DEPT PHYS, N YORK, ON M3J 1P3, CANADA. RP DERRICK, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. 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TOLLEFSON, K TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRINK, SC VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M VUCINIC, D WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, C WANG, CH WANG, G WANG, J WANG, MJ WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WEI, C WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WICKLUND, E WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YEH, P YIN, M YOH, J YOSEF, C YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, L ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S AF ABE, F ALBROW, MG AMENDOLIA, SR AMIDEI, D ANTOS, J ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H ATAC, M AUCHINCLOSS, P AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, G BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENLLOCH, J BENSINGER, J BENTON, D BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOKHARI, W BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BROMBERG, C BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMMERATA, J CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, HI CANER, A CARITHERS, N CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAO, HY CHAPMAN, J CHENG, MT CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CHIOU, CN CHRISTOFEK, L CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, K CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUYOUMTZELIS, C CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DITTMANN, JR DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALEOTTI, S GALLINARO, M GARFINKEL, AF GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GLENZINSKI, D GOLD, M GONZALEZ, J GORDON, A GOSHAW, AT GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GREWAL, A GROER, L GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HAMILTON, P HANDLER, R HANS, RM HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUGER, SA HAUSER, J HAWK, C HEINRICH, J CRONINHENNESSY, D HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HOLSCHER, A HONG, S HOUK, G HU, P HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, R HURST, P HUSTON, J HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INCANDELA, J ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAJFASZ, E KAMON, T KANEKO, T KARDELIS, DA KASHA, H KATO, Y KEEBLE, L KENNEDY, RD KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KESTENBAUM, D KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KEYVAN, F KIM, DH KIM, HS KIM, SB KIM, SH KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KOEHN, P KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOPP, S KORDAS, K KOSKA, W KOVACS, E KOWALD, W KRASBERG, M KROLL, J KRUSE, M KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LABANCA, N LAMMEL, S LAMOUREUX, JI LECOMPTE, T LEONE, S LEWIS, JD LIMON, P LINDGREN, M LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LOOMIS, C LONG, O LORETI, M LOW, EH LU, J LUCCHESI, D LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P LYS, J MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MAGHAKIAN, A MAKSIMOVIC, P MANGANO, M MANSOUR, J MARIOTTI, M MARRINER, JP MARTIN, A MATTHEWS, JAJ MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MELESE, P MENZIONE, A MESCHI, E MICHAIL, G MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MILLER, R MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MITSUSHIO, H MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A MULLER, T MUSGRAVE, P NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEUBERGER, D NEWMANHOLMES, C NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S OH, SH OHL, KE OISHI, R OKUSAWA, T PAGLIARONE, C PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PAULINI, M PESCARA, L PETERS, MD PHILLIPS, TJ PIACENTINO, G PILLAI, M PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PRODUIT, N PROUDFOOT, J PTOHOS, F PUNZI, G RAGAN, K RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L ROACHBELLINO, M ROBERTSON, WJ RODRIGO, T ROMANO, J ROSENSON, L SAKUMOTO, WK SALTZBERG, D SANSONI, A SCARPINE, V SCHINDLER, A SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHMIDT, MP SCHNEIDER, O SCIACCA, GF SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIDEL, S SEIYA, Y SGANOS, G SGOLACCHIA, A SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEN, Q SHEPARD, PF SHIMOJIMA, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SILL, A SINERVO, P SINGH, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SONG, T SPALDING, J SPIEGEL, L SPHICAS, P SPIES, A STANCO, L STEELE, J STEFANINI, A STRAHL, K STRAIT, J STUART, D SULLIVAN, G SUMOROK, K SWARTZ, RL TAKAHASHI, T TAKIKAWA, K TARTARELLI, F TAYLOR, W TENG, PK TERAMOTO, Y TETHER, S THERIOT, D THOMAS, J THOMAS, TL THUN, R TIMKO, M TIPTON, P TITOV, A TKACZYK, S TOLLEFSON, K TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRINK, SC VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M VUCINIC, D WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, C WANG, CH WANG, G WANG, J WANG, MJ WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WEI, C WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WICKLUND, E WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YEH, P YIN, M YOH, J YOSEF, C YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, L ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S TI SEARCH FOR 2ND-GENERATION LEPTOQUARKS IN P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S=1.8 TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HADRON COLLIDERS; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; MODELS; LIMITS; BOSON; LEP AB We present the results of a search for second generation leptoquarks S-2 using 19.3 pb(-1) of data collected at the Collider Detector at Fermilab (CDF) in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV during the 1992-93 collider run. We have searched for S-2 (S) over bar(2) pairs assuming that each leptoquark decays to a muon + quark with a branching ratio beta. We find two candidate events, consistent with an expected background of 1.11 +/- 0.48. We obtain upper limits on sigma(pp --> S-2 (S) over bar(2))beta(2) as a function of M(S2). Using a Monte Carlo prediction for S-2 (S) over bar(2) pair production, we exclude M(S2) < 131 GeV/c(2) for beta = 1 and M(S2) < 95 GeV/c(2) for beta = 0.5 at 95% C.L. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PADUA,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP ABE, F (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014 OI Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787 NR 28 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1012 EP 1016 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1012 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100007 ER PT J AU ABE, F ALBROW, MG AMENDOLIA, SR AMIDEI, D ANTOS, J ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H ATAC, M AUCHINCLOSS, P AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, C BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENLLOCH, J BENSINGER, J BENTON, D BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOKHARI, W BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BROMBERG, C BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMMERATA, J CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANER, A CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAO, HY CHAPMAN, J CHENG, MT CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CHIOU, CN CHRISTOFEK, L CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUYOUMTZELIS, C CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DITTMANN, JR DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALEOTTI, S GALLINARO, M GARFINKEL, AF GEER, S GERDES, DW GIANNETTI, P GIOKARIS, N GIROMINI, P GLADNEY, L GLENZINSKI, D GOLD, M GONZALEZ, J GORDON, A GOSHAW, AT GOULIANOS, K GRASSMANN, H GREWAL, A GROER, L GROSSOPILCHER, C HABER, C HAHN, SR HAMILTON, R HANDLER, R HANS, RM HARA, K HARRAL, B HARRIS, RM HAUGER, SA HAUSER, J HAWK, C HEINRICH, J CRONINHENNESSY, D HOLLEBEEK, R HOLLOWAY, L HOLSCHER, A HONG, S HOUK, G HU, P HUFFMAN, BT HUGHES, HR HURST, P HUSTON, J HUTH, J HYLEN, J INCAGLI, M INCANDELA, J ISO, H JENSEN, H JESSOP, CP JOSHI, U KADEL, RW KAJFASZ, E KAMON, T KANEKO, T KARDELIS, DA KASHA, H KATO, Y KEEBLE, L KENNEDY, RD KEPHART, R KESTEN, P KESTENBAUM, D KEUP, RM KEUTELIAN, H KEYVAN, F KIM, DH KIM, HS KIM, SB KIM, SH KIM, YK KIRSCH, L KOEHN, P KONDO, K KONIGSBERG, J KOPP, S KORDAS, K KOSKA, W KOVACS, E KOWALD, W KRASBERG, M KROLL, J KRUSE, M KUHLMANN, SE KUNS, E LAASANEN, AT LABANCA, N LAMMEL, S LAMOUREUX, JI LECOMPTE, T LEONE, S LEWIS, JD LIMON, P LINDGREN, M LISS, TM LOCKYER, N LOOMIS, C LONG, O LORETI, M LOW, EH LU, J LUCCHESI, D LUCHINI, CB LUKENS, P LYS, J MAAS, P MAESHIMA, K MAGHAKIAN, A MAKSIMOVIC, P MANGANO, M MANSOUR, J MARIOTTI, M MARRINER, JP MARTIN, A MATTHEWS, JAJ MATTINGLY, R MCINTYRE, P MELESE, P MENZIONE, A MESCHI, E MICHAIL, G MIKAMO, S MILLER, M MILLER, R MIMASHI, T MISCETTI, S MISHINA, M MITSUSHIO, H MIYASHITA, S MORITA, Y MOULDING, S MUELLER, J MUKHERJEE, A MULLER, T MUSGRAVE, P NAKAE, LF NAKANO, I NELSON, C NEUBERGER, D NEWMANHOLMES, C NODULMAN, L OGAWA, S OH, SH OHL, KE OISHI, R OKUSAWA, T PAGLIARONE, C PAOLETTI, R PAPADIMITRIOU, V PARK, S PATRICK, J PAULETTA, G PAULINI, M PESCARA, L PETERS, MD PHILLIPS, TJ PIACENTINO, G PILLAI, M PLUNKETT, R PONDROM, L PRODUIT, N PROUDFOOT, J PTOHOS, F PUNZI, G RAGAN, K RIMONDI, F RISTORI, L ROACHBELLINO, M ROBERTSON, WJ RODRIGO, T ROMANO, J ROSENSON, L SAKUMOTO, WK SALTZBERG, D SANSONI, A SCARPINE, V SCHINDLER, A SCHLABACH, P SCHMIDT, EE SCHMIDT, MP SCHNEIDER, O SCIACCA, GF SCRIBANO, A SEGLER, S SEIDEL, S SEIYA, Y SGANOS, G SGOLACCHIA, A SHAPIRO, M SHAW, NM SHEN, Q SHEPARD, PF SHIMOJIMA, M SHOCHET, M SIEGRIST, J SILL, A SINERVO, P SINGH, P SKARHA, J SLIWA, K SMITH, DA SNIDER, FD SONG, L SONG, T SPALDING, J SPIEGEL, L SPHICAS, P SPIES, A STANCO, L STEELE, J STEFANINI, A STRAHL, K STRAIT, J STUART, D SULLIVAN, G SUMOROK, K SWARTZ, RL TAKAHASHI, T TAKIKAWA, K TARTARELLI, F TAYLOR, W TENG, PK TERAMOTO, Y TETHER, S THERIOT, D THOMAS, J THOMAS, TL THUN, R TIMKO, M TIPTON, P TITOV, A TKACZYK, S TOLLEFSON, K TOLLESTRUP, A TONNISON, J DETROCONIZ, JF TSENG, J TURCOTTE, M TURINI, N UEMURA, N UKEGAWA, F UNAL, G VANDENBRINK, SC VEJCIK, S VIDAL, R VONDRACEK, M VUCINIC, D WAGNER, RG WAGNER, RL WAINER, N WALKER, RC WANG, C WANG, CH WANG, G WANG, J WANG, MJ WANG, QF WARBURTON, A WATTS, G WATTS, T WEBB, R WEI, C WENDT, C WENZEL, H WESTER, WC WESTHUSING, T WICKLUND, AB WICKLUND, E WILKINSON, R WILLIAMS, HH WILSON, P WINER, BL WOLINSKI, J WU, DY WU, X WYSS, J YAGIL, A YAO, W YASUOKA, K YE, Y YEH, GP YEH, P YIN, M YOH, J YOSEF, C YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, L ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S AF ABE, F ALBROW, MG AMENDOLIA, SR AMIDEI, D ANTOS, J ANWAYWIESE, C APOLLINARI, G ARETI, H ATAC, M AUCHINCLOSS, P AZFAR, F AZZI, P BACCHETTA, N BADGETT, W BAILEY, MW BAO, J DEBARBARO, P BARBAROGALTIERI, A BARNES, VE BARNETT, BA BARTALINI, P BAUER, G BAUMANN, T BEDESCHI, F BEHRENDS, S BELFORTE, S BELLETTINI, C BELLINGER, J BENJAMIN, D BENLLOCH, J BENSINGER, J BENTON, D BERETVAS, A BERGE, JP BERTOLUCCI, S BHATTI, A BIERY, K BINKLEY, M BIRD, F BISELLO, D BLAIR, RE BLOCKER, C BODEK, A BOKHARI, W BOLOGNESI, V BORTOLETTO, D BOSWELL, C BOULOS, T BRANDENBURG, G BROMBERG, C BUCKLEYGEER, E BUDD, HS BURKETT, K BUSETTO, G BYONWAGNER, A BYRUM, KL CAMMERATA, J CAMPAGNARI, C CAMPBELL, M CANER, A CARITHERS, W CARLSMITH, D CASTRO, A CEN, Y CERVELLI, F CHAO, HY CHAPMAN, J CHENG, MT CHIARELLI, G CHIKAMATSU, T CHIOU, CN CHRISTOFEK, L CIHANGIR, S CLARK, AG COBAL, M CONTRERAS, M CONWAY, J COOPER, J CORDELLI, M COUYOUMTZELIS, C CRANE, D CUNNINGHAM, JD DANIELS, T DEJONGH, F DELCHAMPS, S DELLAGNELLO, S DELLORSO, M DEMORTIER, L DENBY, B DENINNO, M DERWENT, PF DEVLIN, T DICKSON, M DITTMANN, JR DONATI, S DRUCKER, RB DUNN, A EINSWEILER, K ELIAS, JE ELY, R ENGELS, E ENO, S ERREDE, D ERREDE, S FAN, Q FARHAT, B FIORI, I FLAUGHER, B FOSTER, GW FRANKLIN, M FRAUTSCHI, M FREEMAN, J FRIEDMAN, J FRISCH, H FRY, A FUESS, TA FUKUI, Y FUNAKI, S GAGLIARDI, G GALEOTTI, S GALLINARO, M 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YOSEF, C YOSHIDA, T YOVANOVITCH, D YU, I YUN, JC ZANETTI, A ZETTI, F ZHANG, L ZHANG, S ZHANG, W ZUCCHELLI, S TI LIMITS ON WWZ AND WW-GAMMA COUPLINGS FROM WW AND WZ PRODUCTION IN P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S=1.8 TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID ALPHA-S CALCULATION; PAIR PRODUCTION; PBARP COLLISIONS; BOSON VERTICES; W+/; JETS; PP AB Direct limits are set on WWZ and WW gamma three-boson couplings in a search for WW and WZ production with high transverse momentum in pp collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV, using the Collider Detector at Fermilab. The results are in agreement with the SU(2) X U(1) model of electroweak interactions. Assuming standard model WW gamma couplings, the limits are interpreted as direct evidence for a nonzero WWZ coupling at subprocess energies near 500 GeV. Alternatively, assuming identical WWZ and WW gamma couplings, bounds -0.11 < kappa < 2.27 and -0.81 < lambda < 0.84 are obtained at 95% C.L. for a form factor scale 1000 GeV. C1 UNIV BOLOGNA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-40126 BOLOGNA,ITALY. BRANDEIS UNIV,WALTHAM,MA 02254. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC 27708. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,LAB NAZL FRASCATI,I-00044 FRASCATI,ITALY. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. UNIV ILLINOIS,URBANA,IL 61801. MCGILL UNIV,INST PARTICLE PHYS,MONTREAL,PQ H3A 2T8,CANADA. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A7,CANADA. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. OSAKA CITY UNIV,OSAKA 588,JAPAN. UNIV PADUA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PADOVA,I-35131 PADUA,ITALY. UNIV PENN,PHILADELPHIA,PA 19104. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. UNIV PISA,IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. SCUOLA NORMALE SUPER PISA,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV ROCHESTER,NEW YORK,NY 14627. ROCKEFELLER UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10021. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08854. ACAD SINICA,TAIPEI 11529,TAIWAN. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. TEXAS TECH UNIV,LUBBOCK,TX 79409. UNIV TSUKUBA,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TUFTS UNIV,MEDFORD,MA 02155. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP ABE, F (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Vucinic, Dejan/C-2406-2008; Chiarelli, Giorgio/E-8953-2012; Azzi, Patrizia/H-5404-2012; Punzi, Giovanni/J-4947-2012; Warburton, Andreas/N-8028-2013; Kim, Soo-Bong/B-7061-2014; Paulini, Manfred/N-7794-2014 OI Chiarelli, Giorgio/0000-0001-9851-4816; Azzi, Patrizia/0000-0002-3129-828X; Punzi, Giovanni/0000-0002-8346-9052; Warburton, Andreas/0000-0002-2298-7315; Paulini, Manfred/0000-0002-6714-5787 NR 28 TC 61 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. 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N GRANNIS, PD GREEN, DR GREEN, J GREENLEE, H GRIFFIN, G GROSSMAN, N GRUDBERG, P GRUNENDAHL, S GUIDA, JA GUIDA, JM GURYN, W GURZHIEV, SN GUTNIKOV, YE HADLEY, NJ HAGGERTY, H HAGOPIAN, S HAGOPIAN, V HAHN, KS HALL, RE HANSEN, S HATCHER, R HAUPTMAN, JM HEDIN, D HEINSON, AP HEINTZ, U HERNANDEZMONTOYA, R HEURING, T HIROSKY, R HOBBS, JD HOENEISEN, B HOFTUN, JS HSIEH, F HU, T HU, T HUEHN, T IGARASHI, S ITO, AS JAMES, E JAQUES, J JERGER, SA JIANG, JZY JOFFEMINOR, T JOHARI, H JOHNS, K JOHNSON, M JOHNSTAD, H JONCKHEERE, A JONES, M JOSTLEIN, H JUN, SY JUNG, CK KAHN, S KANG, JS KEHOE, R KELLY, M KERNAN, A KERTH, L KIM, CL KIM, SK KLATCHKO, A KLIMA, B KLOCHKOV, BI KLOPFENSTEIN, C KLYUKHIN, VI KOCHETKOV, VI KOHLI, JM KOLTICK, D KOSTRITSKIY, AV KOTCHER, J KOURLAS, J KOZELOV, AV KOZLOVSKI, EA KRISHNASWAMY, MR KRZYWDZINSKI, S KUNORI, S LAMI, S LANDSBERG, G LANOU, RE LEBRAT, JF LEFLAT, A LI, H LI, J LI, YK LIDEMARTEAU, QZ LIMA, JGR LINCOLN, D LINN, SL LINNEMANN, J LIPTON, R LIU, YC LOBKOWICZ, F LOKEN, SC LOKOS, S LUEKING, L LYON, AL MACIEL, AKA MADARAS, RJ MADDEN, R MANDRICHENKO, IV MANGEOT, P MANI, S MANSOULIE, B MAO, HS MARGULIES, S MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, L MARSHALL, T MARTIN, MI MARX, M MAY, B MAYOROV, AA MCCARTHY, R MCKIBBEN, T MCKINLEY, J MELANSON, HL DEMELLONETO, JRT MERRITT, KW MIETTINEN, H MILDER, A MILNER, C MINCER, A DEMIRANDA, JM MISHRA, CS MOHAMMADIBAARMAND, M MOKHOV, N MONDAL, NK MONTGOMERY, HE MOONEY, P MUDAN, M MURPHY, C MURPHY, CT NANG, F NARAIN, M NARASIMHAM, VS NARAYANAN, A NEAL, HA NEGRET, JP NEIS, E NEMETHY, P NESIC, D NORMAN, D OESCH, L OGURI, V OLTMAN, E OSHIMA, N OWEN, D PADLEY, P PANG, M PARA, A PARK, CH PARK, YM PARTRIDGE, R PARUA, N PATERNO, M PERKINS, J PERYSHKIN, A PETERS, M PIEKARZ, H PISCHALNIKOV, Y PLUQUET, A PODSTAVKOV, VM POPE, BG PROSPER, HB PROTOPOPESCU, S PUSELJIC, D QIAN, J QUINTAS, PZ RAJA, R RAJAGOPALAN, S RAMIREZ, O RAO, MVS RAPIDIS, PA RASMUSSEN, L READ, AL REUCROFT, S RIJSSENBEEK, M ROCKWELL, T ROE, NA ROLDAN, JMR RUBINOV, P RUCHTI, R RUSIN, S RUTHERFOORD, J SANTORO, A SAWYER, L SCHAMBERGER, RD SCHELLMAN, H SCHMID, D SCULLI, J SHABALINA, E SHAFFER, C SHANKAR, HC SHIVPURI, RK SHUPE, M SINGH, JB SIROTENKO, V SMART, W SMITH, A SMITH, RP SNIHUR, R SNOW, GR SNYDER, S SOLOMON, J SOOD, PM SOSEBEE, M SOUZA, M SPADAFORA, AL STEPHENS, RW STEVENSON, ML STEWART, D STOCKER, F STOIANOVA, DA STOKER, D STREETS, K STROVINK, M TAKETANI, A TAMBURELLO, P TARAZI, J TARTAGLIA, M TAYLOR, TL TEIGER, J THOMPSON, J TRIPPE, TG TUTS, PM VARELAS, N VARNES, EW VIRADOR, PRG VITITOE, D VOLKOV, AA VOROBIEV, AP WAHL, HD WANG, J WANG, LZ WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WEERTS, H WENZEL, WA WHITE, A WHITE, JT WIGHTMAN, JA WILCOX, J WILLIS, S WIMPENNY, SJ WIRJAWAN, JVD WOLF, Z WOMERSLEY, J WON, E WOOD, DR XU, H YAMADA, R YAMIN, P YANAGISAWA, C YANG, J YASUDA, T YOSHIKAWA, C YOUSSEF, S YU, J YU, Y ZHANG, Y ZHOU, YH ZHU, Q ZHU, YS ZHU, ZH ZIEMINSKA, D ZIEMINSKI, A ZINCHENKO, A ZYLBERSTEJN, A TI SEARCH FOR W-BOSON PAIR PRODUCTION IN P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S=1.8 TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB The results of a search for W boson pair production in p (p) over bar collisions at root s = 1.8 TeV with subsequent decay to dilepton (e mu, ee, and mu mu) channels are presented. One event is observed with an expected background of 0.56 +/- 0.13 events with an integrated luminosity of approximately 14 pb(-1). Assuming equal strengths for the WWZ and WW gamma gauge boson coupling parameters kappa and lambda, limits on the CP-conserving anomalous coupling constants are -2.6 < Delta kappa < 2.8 and -2.1 < lambda < 2.1 at the 95% confidence level. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BROWN UNIV,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,LAFEX,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CTR INVEST & ESTUDIOS AVANZADOS,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV DELHI,DELHI 110007,INDIA. UNIV LOS ANDES,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL 136701,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSUNG UNIV,PUSAN,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE 68588. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PUNJABI UNIV,CHANDIGARH 160014,INDIA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. CE SACLAY,CEA,DEPT ASTROPHYS,PHYS NUCL & INSTRUMENTAT ASSOCIEE SERV PHYS PARTI,GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SSC LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV TEXAS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP ABACHI, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013 OI Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; NR 16 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1023 EP 1027 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1023 PG 5 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100009 ER PT J AU ABACHI, S ABBOTT, B ABOLINS, M ACHARYA, BS ADAM, I ADAMS, DL ADAMS, M AHN, S AIHARA, H ALITTI, J ALVAREZ, G ALVES, GA AMIDI, E AMOS, N ANDERSON, EW ARONSON, SH ASTUR, R AVERY, RE BADEN, A BALAMURALI, V BALDERSTON, J BALDIN, B BANTLY, J BARTLETT, JF BAZIZI, K BENDICH, J BERI, SB BERTRAM, I BEZZUBOV, VA BHAT, PC BHATNAGAR, V BHATTACHARJEE, M BISCHOFF, A BISWAS, N BLAZEY, G BLESSING, S BOEHNLEIN, A BOJKO, NI BORCHERDING, F BORDERS, J BOSWELL, C BRANDT, A BROCK, R BROSS, A BUCHHOLZ, D BURTOVOI, VS BUTLER, JM CASEY, D CASTILLAVALDEZ, H CHAKRABORTY, D CHANG, SM CHEKULAEV, SV CHEN, LP CHEN, W CHEVALIER, L CHOPRA, S CHOUDHARY, BC CHRISTENSON, JH CHUNG, M CLAES, D CLARK, AR COBAU, WG COCHRAN, J COOPER, WE CRETSINGER, C CULLENVIDAL, D CUMMINGS, M CUTTS, D DAHL, OI DE, K DEMARTEAU, M DEMINA, R DENISENKO, K DENISENKO, N DENISOV, D DENISOV, SP DHARMARATNA, W DIEHL, HT DIESBURG, M DILORETO, G DIXON, R DRAPER, P DRINKARD, J DUCROS, Y DUGAD, SR DURSTONJOHNSON, S EDMUNDS, D EFIMOV, AO ELLISON, J ELVIRA, VD ENGELMANN, R ENO, S EPPLEY, G ERMOLOV, P EROSHIN, OV EVDOKIMOV, VN FAHEY, S FAHLAND, T FATYGA, M FATYGA, MK FEATHERLY, J FEHER, S FEIN, D FERBEL, T FINOCCHIARO, G FISK, HE FISYAK, Y FLATTUM, E FORDEN, GE FORTNER, M FRAME, KC FRANZINI, P FREDRIKSEN, S FUESS, S GALJAEV, AN GALLAS, E GAO, CS GAO, S GELD, TL GENIK, RJ GENSER, K GERBER, CE GIBBARD, B GLEBOV, V GLENN, S GOBBI, B GOFORTH, M GOLDSCHMIDT, A GOMEZ, B GONCHAROV, PI GORDON, H GOSS, LT GRAF, N GRANNIS, PD GREEN, DR GREEN, J GREENLEE, H GRIFFIN, G GROSSMAN, N GRUDBERG, P GRUNENDAHL, S GUIDA, JA GUIDA, JM GURYN, W GURZHIEV, SN GUTNIKOV, YE HADLEY, NJ HAGGERTY, H HAGOPIAN, S HAGOPIAN, V HAHN, KS HALL, RE HANSEN, S HATCHER, R HAUPTMAN, JM HEDIN, D HEINSON, AP HEINTZ, U HERNANDEZMONTOYA, R HEURING, T HIROSKY, R HOBBS, JD HOENEISEN, B HOFTUN, JS HSIEH, F HU, T HU, T HUEHN, T IGARASHI, S ITO, AS JAMES, E JAQUES, J JERGER, SA JIANG, JZY JOFFEMINOR, T JOHARI, H JOHNS, K JOHNSON, M JOHNSTAD, H JONCKHEERE, A JONES, M JOSTLEIN, H JUN, SY JUNG, CK KAHN, S KANG, JS KEHOE, R KELLY, M KERNAN, A KERTH, L KIM, CL KIM, SK KLATCHKO, A KLIMA, B KLOCHKOV, BI KLOPFENSTEIN, C KLYUKHIN, VI KOCHETKOV, VI KOHLI, JM KOLTICK, D KOSTRITSKIY, AV KOTCHER, J KOURLAS, J KOZELOV, AV KOZLOVSKI, EA KRISHNASWAMY, MR KRZYWDZINSKI, S KUNORI, S LAMI, S LANDSBERG, G LANOU, RE LEBRAT, JF LEFLAT, A LI, H LI, J LI, YK LIDEMARTEAU, QZ LIMA, JGR LINCOLN, D LINN, SL LINNEMANN, J LIPTON, R LIU, YC LOBKOWICZ, F LOKEN, SC LOKOS, S LUEKING, L LYON, AL MACIEL, AKA MADARAS, RJ MADDEN, R MANDRICHENKO, IV MANGEOT, P MANI, S MANSOULIE, B MAO, HS MARGULIES, S MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, L MARSHALL, T MARTIN, MI MARX, M MAY, B MAYOROV, AA MCCARTHY, R MCKIBBEN, T MCKINLEY, J MELANSON, HL DEMELLONETO, JRT MERRITT, KW MIETTINEN, H MILDER, A MILNER, C MINCER, A DEMIRANDA, JM MISHRA, CS MOHAMMADIBAARMAND, M MOKHOV, N MONDAL, NK MONTGOMERY, HE MOONEY, P MUDAN, M MURPHY, C MURPHY, CT NANG, F NARAIN, M NARASIMHAM, VS NARAYANAN, A NEAL, HA NEGRET, JP NEIS, E NEMETHY, P NESIC, D NORMAN, D OESCH, L OGURI, V OLTMAN, E OSHIMA, N OWEN, D PADLEY, P PANG, M PARA, A PARK, CH PARK, YM PARTRIDGE, R PARUA, N PATERNO, M PERKINS, J PERYSHKIN, A PETERS, M PIEKARZ, H PISCHALNIKOV, Y PLUQUET, A PODSTAVKOV, VM POPE, BG PROSPER, HB PROTOPOPESCU, S PUSELJIC, D QIAN, J QUINTAS, PZ RAJA, R RAJAGOPALAN, S RAMIREZ, O RAO, MVS RAPIDIS, PA RASMUSSEN, L READ, AL REUCROFT, S RIJSSENBEEK, M ROCKWELL, T ROE, NA ROLDAN, JMR RUBINOV, P RUCHTI, R RUSIN, S RUTHERFOORD, J SANTORO, A SAWYER, L SCHAMBERGER, RD SCHELLMAN, H SCHMID, D SCULLI, J SHABALINA, E SHAFFER, C SHANKAR, HC SHIVPURI, RK SHUPE, M SINGH, JB SIROTENKO, V SMART, W SMITH, A SMITH, RP SNIHUR, R SNOW, GR SNYDER, S SOLOMON, J SOOD, PM SOSEBEE, M SOUZA, M SPADAFORA, AL STEPHENS, RW STEVENSON, ML STEWART, D STOCKER, F STOIANOVA, DA STOKER, D STREETS, K STROVINK, M TAKETANI, A TAMBURELLO, P TARAZI, J TARTAGLIA, M TAYLOR, TL TEIGER, J THOMPSON, J TRIPPE, TG TUTS, PM VARELAS, N VARNES, EW VIRADOR, PRG VITITOE, D VOLKOV, AA VOROBIEV, AP WAHL, HD WANG, J WANG, LZ WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WEERTS, H WENZEL, WA WHITE, A WHITE, JT WIGHTMAN, JA WILCOX, J WILLIS, S WIMPENNY, S WIRJAWAN, JVD WOLF, Z WOMERSLEY, J WON, E WOOD, DR XU, H YAMADA, R YAMIN, P YANAGISAWA, C YANG, J YASUDA, T YEPES, P YOSHIKAWA, C YOUSSEF, S YU, J YU, Y ZHANG, Y ZHOU, YH ZHU, Q ZHU, YS ZHU, ZH ZIEMINSKA, D ZIEMINSKI, A ZINCHENKO, A ZYLBERSTEJN, A AF ABACHI, S ABBOTT, B ABOLINS, M ACHARYA, BS ADAM, I ADAMS, DL ADAMS, M AHN, S AIHARA, H ALITTI, J ALVAREZ, G ALVES, GA AMIDI, E AMOS, N ANDERSON, EW ARONSON, SH ASTUR, R AVERY, RE BADEN, A BALAMURALI, V BALDERSTON, J BALDIN, B BANTLY, J BARTLETT, JF BAZIZI, K BENDICH, J BERI, SB BERTRAM, I BEZZUBOV, VA BHAT, PC BHATNAGAR, V BHATTACHARJEE, M BISCHOFF, A BISWAS, N BLAZEY, G BLESSING, S BOEHNLEIN, A BOJKO, NI BORCHERDING, F BORDERS, J BOSWELL, C BRANDT, A BROCK, R BROSS, A BUCHHOLZ, D BURTOVOI, VS BUTLER, JM CASEY, D CASTILLAVALDEZ, H CHAKRABORTY, D CHANG, SM CHEKULAEV, SV CHEN, LP CHEN, W CHEVALIER, L CHOPRA, S CHOUDHARY, BC CHRISTENSON, JH CHUNG, M CLAES, D CLARK, AR COBAU, WG COCHRAN, J COOPER, WE CRETSINGER, C CULLENVIDAL, D CUMMINGS, M CUTTS, D DAHL, OI DE, K DEMARTEAU, M DEMINA, R DENISENKO, K DENISENKO, N DENISOV, D DENISOV, SP DHARMARATNA, W DIEHL, HT DIESBURG, M DILORETO, G DIXON, R DRAPER, P DRINKARD, J DUCROS, Y DUGAD, SR DURSTONJOHNSON, S EDMUNDS, D EFIMOV, AO ELLISON, J ELVIRA, VD ENGELMANN, R ENO, S EPPLEY, G ERMOLOV, P EROSHIN, OV EVDOKIMOV, VN FAHEY, S FAHLAND, T FATYGA, M FATYGA, MK FEATHERLY, J FEHER, S FEIN, D FERBEL, T FINOCCHIARO, G FISK, HE FISYAK, Y FLATTUM, E FORDEN, GE FORTNER, M FRAME, KC FRANZINI, P FREDRIKSEN, S FUESS, S GALJAEV, AN GALLAS, E GAO, CS GAO, S GELD, TL GENIK, RJ GENSER, K GERBER, CE GIBBARD, B GLEBOV, V GLENN, S GOBBI, B GOFORTH, M GOLDSCHMIDT, A GOMEZ, B GONCHAROV, PI GORDON, H GOSS, LT GRAF, N GRANNIS, PD GREEN, DR GREEN, J GREENLEE, H GRIFFIN, G GROSSMAN, N GRUDBERG, P GRUNENDAHL, S GUIDA, JA GUIDA, JM GURYN, W GURZHIEV, SN GUTNIKOV, YE HADLEY, NJ HAGGERTY, H HAGOPIAN, S HAGOPIAN, V HAHN, KS HALL, RE HANSEN, S HATCHER, R HAUPTMAN, JM HEDIN, D HEINSON, AP HEINTZ, U HERNANDEZMONTOYA, R HEURING, T HIROSKY, R HOBBS, JD HOENEISEN, B HOFTUN, JS HSIEH, F HU, T HU, T HUEHN, T IGARASHI, S ITO, AS JAMES, E JAQUES, J JERGER, SA JIANG, JZY JOFFEMINOR, T JOHARI, H JOHNS, K JOHNSON, M JOHNSTAD, H JONCKHEERE, A JONES, M JOSTLEIN, H JUN, SY JUNG, CK KAHN, S KANG, JS KEHOE, R KELLY, M KERNAN, A KERTH, L KIM, CL KIM, SK KLATCHKO, A KLIMA, B KLOCHKOV, BI KLOPFENSTEIN, C KLYUKHIN, VI KOCHETKOV, VI KOHLI, JM KOLTICK, D KOSTRITSKIY, AV KOTCHER, J KOURLAS, J KOZELOV, AV KOZLOVSKI, EA KRISHNASWAMY, MR KRZYWDZINSKI, S KUNORI, S LAMI, S LANDSBERG, G LANOU, RE LEBRAT, JF LEFLAT, A LI, H LI, J LI, YK LIDEMARTEAU, QZ LIMA, JGR LINCOLN, D LINN, SL LINNEMANN, J LIPTON, R LIU, YC LOBKOWICZ, F LOKEN, SC LOKOS, S LUEKING, L LYON, AL MACIEL, AKA MADARAS, RJ MADDEN, R MANDRICHENKO, IV MANGEOT, P MANI, S MANSOULIE, B MAO, HS MARGULIES, S MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, L MARSHALL, T MARTIN, MI MARX, M MAY, B MAYOROV, AA MCCARTHY, R MCKIBBEN, T MCKINLEY, J MELANSON, HL DEMELLONETO, JRT MERRITT, KW MIETTINEN, H MILDER, A MILNER, C MINCER, A DEMIRANDA, JM MISHRA, CS MOHAMMADIBAARMAND, M MOKHOV, N MONDAL, NK MONTGOMERY, HE MOONEY, P MUDAN, M MURPHY, C MURPHY, CT NANG, F NARAIN, M NARASIMHAM, VS NARAYANAN, A NEAL, HA NEGRET, JP NEIS, E NEMETHY, P NESIC, D NORMAN, D OESCH, L OGURI, V OLTMAN, E OSHIMA, N OWEN, D PADLEY, P PANG, M PARA, A PARK, CH PARK, YM PARTRIDGE, R PARUA, N PATERNO, M PERKINS, J PERYSHKIN, A PETERS, M PIEKARZ, H PISCHALNIKOV, Y PLUQUET, A PODSTAVKOV, VM POPE, BG PROSPER, HB PROTOPOPESCU, S PUSELJIC, D QIAN, J QUINTAS, PZ RAJA, R RAJAGOPALAN, S RAMIREZ, O RAO, MVS RAPIDIS, PA RASMUSSEN, L READ, AL REUCROFT, S RIJSSENBEEK, M ROCKWELL, T ROE, NA ROLDAN, JMR RUBINOV, P RUCHTI, R RUSIN, S RUTHERFOORD, J SANTORO, A SAWYER, L SCHAMBERGER, RD SCHELLMAN, H SCHMID, D SCULLI, J SHABALINA, E SHAFFER, C SHANKAR, HC SHIVPURI, RK SHUPE, M SINGH, JB SIROTENKO, V SMART, W SMITH, A SMITH, RP SNIHUR, R SNOW, GR SNYDER, S SOLOMON, J SOOD, PM SOSEBEE, M SOUZA, M SPADAFORA, AL STEPHENS, RW STEVENSON, ML STEWART, D STOCKER, F STOIANOVA, DA STOKER, D STREETS, K STROVINK, M TAKETANI, A TAMBURELLO, P TARAZI, J TARTAGLIA, M TAYLOR, TL TEIGER, J THOMPSON, J TRIPPE, TG TUTS, PM VARELAS, N VARNES, EW VIRADOR, PRG VITITOE, D VOLKOV, AA VOROBIEV, AP WAHL, HD WANG, J WANG, LZ WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WEERTS, H WENZEL, WA WHITE, A WHITE, JT WIGHTMAN, JA WILCOX, J WILLIS, S WIMPENNY, S WIRJAWAN, JVD WOLF, Z WOMERSLEY, J WON, E WOOD, DR XU, H YAMADA, R YAMIN, P YANAGISAWA, C YANG, J YASUDA, T YEPES, P YOSHIKAWA, C YOUSSEF, S YU, J YU, Y ZHANG, Y ZHOU, YH ZHU, Q ZHU, YS ZHU, ZH ZIEMINSKA, D ZIEMINSKI, A ZINCHENKO, A ZYLBERSTEJN, A TI LIMITS ON THE ANOMALOUS ZZ-GAMMA AND Z-GAMMA-GAMMA COUPLINGS IN P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S=1.8 TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID WEAK-BOSON SECTOR; CALORIMETER AB We performed a direct search for the anomalous ZZ gamma and Z gamma gamma couplings by studying p (p) over bar --> ll gamma + X (l = e, mu) events at root s = 1.8 TeV with the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. A fit to the transverse energy spectrum of the photon in the signal events, based on the data set corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 14.3 pb(-1) (13.7 pb(-1)) for the electron (muon) channel, yields the following 95% confidence level limits on the anomalous CP-conserving ZZ gamma couplings: \h(30)(Z)\ < 1.8 (h(40)(Z) = 0) and \h(40)(Z)\ < 0.5 (h(30)(Z) = 0), for a form-factor scale Lambda = 500 GeV. Limits for the Z gamma gamma couplings and CP-violating couplings are also discussed. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BROWN UNIV,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,LAFEX,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CINVESTAV IPN,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV DELHI,DELHI 110007,INDIA. UNIV LOS ANDES,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSUNG UNIV,PUSAN,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE 68588. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PUNJABI UNIV,CHANDIGARH 160014,INDIA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. CENS,CEA,DAPNIA,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV TEXAS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP ABACHI, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 NR 17 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1028 EP 1033 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1028 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100010 ER PT J AU ABACHI, S ABBOTT, B ABOLINS, M ACHARYA, BS ADAM, I ADAMS, DL ADAMS, M AHN, S AIHARA, H ALITTI, J ALVAREZ, G ALVES, GA AMIDI, E AMOS, N ANDERSON, WE ARONSON, SH ASTUR, R AVERY, RE BADEN, A BALAMURALI, V BALDERSTON, J BALDIN, B BANTLY, J BARTLETT, JF BAZIZI, K BENDICH, J BERI, SB BERTRAM, I BEZZUBOV, VA BHAT, PC BHATNAGAR, V BHATTACHARJEE, M BISCHOFF, A BISWAS, N BLAZEY, G BLESSING, S BLOOM, P BOEHNLEIN, A BOJKO, NI BORCHERDING, F BORDERS, J BOSWELL, C BRANDT, A BROCK, R BROSS, A BUCHHOLZ, D BURTOVOI, VS BUTLER, JM CASEY, D CASTILLAVALDEZ, H CHAKRABORTY, D CHANG, SM CHEKULAEV, SV CHEN, LP CHEN, W CHEVALIER, L CHOPRA, S CHOUDHARY, BC CHRISTENSON, JH CHUNG, M CLAES, D CLARK, AR COBAU, WG COCHRAN, J COOPER, WE CRETSINGER, C CULLENVIDAL, D CUMMINGS, MAC CUTTS, D DAHL, OI DE, K DEMARTEAU, M DEMINA, R DENISENKO, K DENISENKO, N DENISOV, D DENISOV, SP DHARMARATNA, W DIEHL, HT DIESBURG, M DILORETO, G DIXON, R DRAPER, P DRINKARD, J DUCROS, Y DUGAD, SR DURSTONJOHNSON, S EDMUNDS, D ELLISON, J ELVIRA, VD ENGELMANN, R ENO, S EPPLEY, G ENNOLOV, P EROSHIN, OV EVDOKIMOV, VN FAHEY, S FAHLAND, T FATYGA, M FATYGA, MK FEATHERLY, J FEHER, S FEIN, D FERBEL, T FINOCCHIARO, G FISK, HE FISYAK, Y FLATTUM, E FORDEN, GE FORTNER, M FRAME, KC FRANZINI, P FUESS, S GALJAEV, AN GALLAS, E GAO, CS GAO, S GELD, TL GENIK, RJ GENSER, K GERBER, CE GIBBARD, B GLEBOV, V GLENN, S GOBBI, B GOFORTH, M GOLDSCHMIDT, A GOMEZ, B GONCHAROV, PI GORDON, H GOSS, LT GRAF, N GRANNIS, PD GREEN, DR GREEN, J GREENLEE, H GRIFFIN, G GROSSMAN, N GRUDBERG, P GRUNENDAHL, S GU, W GUIDA, JA GUIDA, JM GURYN, W GURZHIEV, SN GUTNIKOV, YE HADLEY, NJ HAGGERTY, H HAGOPIAN, S HAGOPIAN, V HAN, KS HALL, RE HANSEN, S HATCHER, R HAUPTMAN, JM HEDIN, D HEINSON, AP HEINTZ, U HERNANDEZMONTOYA, R HEURING, T HIROSKY, R HOBBS, JD HOENEISEN, B HOFTUN, JS HSIEH, F HU, T HU, T HUEHN, T IGARASHI, S ITO, AS JAMES, E JAQUES, J JERGER, SA JIANG, JZY JOFFEMINOR, T JOHARI, H JOHNS, K JOHNSON, M JOHNSTAD, H JONCKHEERE, A JONES, M JOSTLEIN, H JUN, SY JUNG, CK KAHN, S KANG, JS KEHOE, R KELLY, ML KERNAN, A KERTH, L KIM, CL KIM, SK KLATCHKO, A KLIMA, B KLOCHKOV, BI KLOPFENSTEIN, C KLYUKHIN, VI KOCHETKOV, VI KOHLI, JM KOLTICK, D KOSTRITSKIY, AV KOTCHER, J KOURLAS, J KOZELOV, AV KOZLOVSKI, EA KRISHNASWAMY, MR KRZYWDZINSKI, S KUNORI, S LAMI, S LANDSBERG, G LANOU, RE LEBRAT, JF LEFLAT, A LI, H LI, J LI, YK LIDEMARTEAU, QZ LIMA, JGR LINCOLN, D LINN, SL LINNEMANN, J LIPTON, R LIU, YC LOBKOWICZ, F LOKEN, SC LOKOS, S LUEKING, L LYON, AL MACIEL, AKA MADARAS, RJ MADDEN, R MANDRICHENKO, IV MANGEOT, P MANI, S MANSOULIE, B MAO, HS MARGULIES, S MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, L MARSHALL, T MARTIN, MI MARX, M MAY, B MAYOROV, AA MCCARTHY, R MCKIBBEN, T MCKINLEY, J MELANSON, HL DEMELLONETO, JRT MERRITT, KW MIETTINEN, H MILDER, A MINCER, A DEMIRANDA, JM MISHRA, CS MOHAMMADIBAARMAND, M MOKHOV, N MONDAL, NK MONTGOMERY, HE MOONEY, P MUDAN, M MURPHY, C MURPHY, CT NANG, F NARAIN, M NARASIMHAM, VS NARAYANAN, A NEAL, HA NEGRET, JP NEIS, E NEMETHY, P NESIC, D NORMAN, D OESCH, L OGURI, V OLTMAN, E OSHIMA, N OWEN, D PADLEY, P PANG, M PARA, A PARK, CH PARK, YM PARTRIDGE, R PARUA, N PATERNO, M PERKINS, J PERYSHKIN, A PETERS, M PIEKARZ, H PISCHALNIKOV, Y PLUQUET, A PODSTAVKOV, VM POPE, BG PROSPER, HB PROTOPOPESCU, S PUSELJIC, D QIAN, J QUINTAS, PZ RAJA, R RAJAGOPALAN, S RAMIREZ, O RAO, MVS RAPIDIS, PA RASMUSSEN, L READ, AL REUCROFT, S RIJSSENBEEK, M ROCKWELL, T ROE, NA RUBINOV, P RUCHTI, R RUSIN, S RUTHERFOORD, J SANTORO, A SAWYER, L SCHAMBERGER, RD SCHELLMAN, H SCULLI, J SHABALINA, E SHAFFER, C SHANKAR, HC SHIVPURI, RK SHUPE, M SINGH, JB SIROTENKO, V SMART, W SMITH, A SMITH, RP SNIHUR, R SNOW, GR SNYDER, S SOLOMON, J SOOD, PM SOSEBEE, M SOUZA, M SPADAFORA, AL STEPHENS, RW STEVENSON, ML STEWART, D STOIANOVA, DA STOKER, D STREETS, K STROVINK, M TAKETANI, A TAMBURELLO, P TARAZI, J TARTAGLIA, M TAYLOR, TL TEIGER, J THOMPSON, J TRIPPE, TG TUTS, PM VARELAS, N VARNES, EW VIRADOR, PRG VITITOE, D VOLKOV, AA VOROBIEV, AP WAHL, HD WANG, J WANG, LZ WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WEERTS, H WENZEL, WA WHITE, A WHITE, JT WIGHTMAN, JA WILCOX, J WILLIS, S WIMPENNY, SJ WIRJAWAN, JVD WOMERSLEY, J WON, E WOOD, DR XU, H YAMADA, R YAMIN, P YANAGISAWA, C YANG, J YASUDA, T YEPES, P YOSHIKAWA, C YOUSSEF, S YU, J YU, Y ZHANG, Y ZHOU, YH ZHU, Q ZHU, YS ZHU, ZH ZIEMINSKA, D ZIEMINSKI, A ZYLBERSTEJN, A AF ABACHI, S ABBOTT, B ABOLINS, M ACHARYA, BS ADAM, I ADAMS, DL ADAMS, M AHN, S AIHARA, H ALITTI, J ALVAREZ, G ALVES, GA AMIDI, E AMOS, N ANDERSON, WE ARONSON, SH ASTUR, R AVERY, RE BADEN, A BALAMURALI, V BALDERSTON, J BALDIN, B BANTLY, J BARTLETT, JF BAZIZI, K BENDICH, J BERI, SB BERTRAM, I BEZZUBOV, VA BHAT, PC BHATNAGAR, V BHATTACHARJEE, M BISCHOFF, A BISWAS, N BLAZEY, G BLESSING, S BLOOM, P BOEHNLEIN, A BOJKO, NI BORCHERDING, F BORDERS, J BOSWELL, C BRANDT, A BROCK, R BROSS, A BUCHHOLZ, D BURTOVOI, VS BUTLER, JM CASEY, D CASTILLAVALDEZ, H CHAKRABORTY, D CHANG, SM CHEKULAEV, SV CHEN, LP CHEN, W CHEVALIER, L CHOPRA, S CHOUDHARY, BC CHRISTENSON, JH CHUNG, M CLAES, D CLARK, AR COBAU, WG COCHRAN, J COOPER, WE CRETSINGER, C CULLENVIDAL, D CUMMINGS, MAC CUTTS, D DAHL, OI DE, K DEMARTEAU, M DEMINA, R DENISENKO, K DENISENKO, N DENISOV, D DENISOV, SP DHARMARATNA, W DIEHL, HT DIESBURG, M DILORETO, G DIXON, R DRAPER, P DRINKARD, J DUCROS, Y DUGAD, SR DURSTONJOHNSON, S EDMUNDS, D ELLISON, J ELVIRA, VD ENGELMANN, R ENO, S EPPLEY, G ENNOLOV, P EROSHIN, OV EVDOKIMOV, VN FAHEY, S FAHLAND, T FATYGA, M FATYGA, MK FEATHERLY, J FEHER, S FEIN, D FERBEL, T FINOCCHIARO, G FISK, HE FISYAK, Y FLATTUM, E FORDEN, GE FORTNER, M FRAME, KC FRANZINI, P FUESS, S GALJAEV, AN GALLAS, E GAO, CS GAO, S GELD, TL GENIK, RJ GENSER, K GERBER, CE GIBBARD, B GLEBOV, V GLENN, S GOBBI, B GOFORTH, M GOLDSCHMIDT, A GOMEZ, B GONCHAROV, PI GORDON, H GOSS, LT GRAF, N GRANNIS, PD GREEN, DR GREEN, J GREENLEE, H GRIFFIN, G GROSSMAN, N GRUDBERG, P GRUNENDAHL, S GU, W GUIDA, JA GUIDA, JM GURYN, W GURZHIEV, SN GUTNIKOV, YE HADLEY, NJ HAGGERTY, H HAGOPIAN, S HAGOPIAN, V HAN, KS HALL, RE HANSEN, S HATCHER, R HAUPTMAN, JM HEDIN, D HEINSON, AP HEINTZ, U HERNANDEZMONTOYA, R HEURING, T HIROSKY, R HOBBS, JD HOENEISEN, B HOFTUN, JS HSIEH, F HU, T HU, T HUEHN, T IGARASHI, S ITO, AS JAMES, E JAQUES, J JERGER, SA JIANG, JZY JOFFEMINOR, T JOHARI, H JOHNS, K JOHNSON, M JOHNSTAD, H JONCKHEERE, A JONES, M JOSTLEIN, H JUN, SY JUNG, CK KAHN, S KANG, JS KEHOE, R KELLY, ML KERNAN, A KERTH, L KIM, CL KIM, SK KLATCHKO, A KLIMA, B KLOCHKOV, BI KLOPFENSTEIN, C KLYUKHIN, VI KOCHETKOV, VI KOHLI, JM KOLTICK, D KOSTRITSKIY, AV KOTCHER, J KOURLAS, J KOZELOV, AV KOZLOVSKI, EA KRISHNASWAMY, MR KRZYWDZINSKI, S KUNORI, S LAMI, S LANDSBERG, G LANOU, RE LEBRAT, JF LEFLAT, A LI, H LI, J LI, YK LIDEMARTEAU, QZ LIMA, JGR LINCOLN, D LINN, SL LINNEMANN, J LIPTON, R LIU, YC LOBKOWICZ, F LOKEN, SC LOKOS, S LUEKING, L LYON, AL MACIEL, AKA MADARAS, RJ MADDEN, R MANDRICHENKO, IV MANGEOT, P MANI, S MANSOULIE, B MAO, HS MARGULIES, S MARKELOFF, R MARKOSKY, L MARSHALL, T MARTIN, MI MARX, M MAY, B MAYOROV, AA MCCARTHY, R MCKIBBEN, T MCKINLEY, J MELANSON, HL DEMELLONETO, JRT MERRITT, KW MIETTINEN, H MILDER, A MINCER, A DEMIRANDA, JM MISHRA, CS MOHAMMADIBAARMAND, M MOKHOV, N MONDAL, NK MONTGOMERY, HE MOONEY, P MUDAN, M MURPHY, C MURPHY, CT NANG, F NARAIN, M NARASIMHAM, VS NARAYANAN, A NEAL, HA NEGRET, JP NEIS, E NEMETHY, P NESIC, D NORMAN, D OESCH, L OGURI, V OLTMAN, E OSHIMA, N OWEN, D PADLEY, P PANG, M PARA, A PARK, CH PARK, YM PARTRIDGE, R PARUA, N PATERNO, M PERKINS, J PERYSHKIN, A PETERS, M PIEKARZ, H PISCHALNIKOV, Y PLUQUET, A PODSTAVKOV, VM POPE, BG PROSPER, HB PROTOPOPESCU, S PUSELJIC, D QIAN, J QUINTAS, PZ RAJA, R RAJAGOPALAN, S RAMIREZ, O RAO, MVS RAPIDIS, PA RASMUSSEN, L READ, AL REUCROFT, S RIJSSENBEEK, M ROCKWELL, T ROE, NA RUBINOV, P RUCHTI, R RUSIN, S RUTHERFOORD, J SANTORO, A SAWYER, L SCHAMBERGER, RD SCHELLMAN, H SCULLI, J SHABALINA, E SHAFFER, C SHANKAR, HC SHIVPURI, RK SHUPE, M SINGH, JB SIROTENKO, V SMART, W SMITH, A SMITH, RP SNIHUR, R SNOW, GR SNYDER, S SOLOMON, J SOOD, PM SOSEBEE, M SOUZA, M SPADAFORA, AL STEPHENS, RW STEVENSON, ML STEWART, D STOIANOVA, DA STOKER, D STREETS, K STROVINK, M TAKETANI, A TAMBURELLO, P TARAZI, J TARTAGLIA, M TAYLOR, TL TEIGER, J THOMPSON, J TRIPPE, TG TUTS, PM VARELAS, N VARNES, EW VIRADOR, PRG VITITOE, D VOLKOV, AA VOROBIEV, AP WAHL, HD WANG, J WANG, LZ WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WEERTS, H WENZEL, WA WHITE, A WHITE, JT WIGHTMAN, JA WILCOX, J WILLIS, S WIMPENNY, SJ WIRJAWAN, JVD WOMERSLEY, J WON, E WOOD, DR XU, H YAMADA, R YAMIN, P YANAGISAWA, C YANG, J YASUDA, T YEPES, P YOSHIKAWA, C YOUSSEF, S YU, J YU, Y ZHANG, Y ZHOU, YH ZHU, Q ZHU, YS ZHU, ZH ZIEMINSKA, D ZIEMINSKI, A ZYLBERSTEJN, A TI MEASUREMENT OF THE WW-GAMMA GAUGE BOSON COUPLINGS IN P(P)OVER-BAR COLLISIONS AT ROOT-S=1.8 TEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID HADRON COLLIDERS; CALORIMETER; SECTOR; VERTEX AB The WW gamma gauge boson couplings were measured using p (p) over bar --> l nu gamma + X (l = e, mu) events at root s = 1.8 TeV observed with the DO detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. The signal, obtained from the data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 13.8 pb(-1), agrees well with the standard model prediction. A fit to the photon transverse energy spectrum yields limits at the 95% confidence level on the CP-conserving anomalous coupling parameters of -1.6 < Delta kappa < 1.8 (lambda = 0) and -0.6 < lambda < 0.6 (Delta kappa = 0). Similar limits are obtained for the CP-violating coupling parameters. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,TUCSON,AZ 85721. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. BROWN UNIV,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. UNIV CALIF IRVINE,IRVINE,CA 92717. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. CTR BRASILEIRO PESQUISAS FIS,LAFEX,RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. CINVESTAV IPN,MEXICO CITY,DF,MEXICO. COLUMBIA UNIV,NEW YORK,NY 10027. UNIV DELHI,DELHI 110007,INDIA. UNIV LOS ANDES,BOGOTA,COLOMBIA. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. UNIV HAWAII,HONOLULU,HI 96822. UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60607. INDIANA UNIV,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. KYUNGSUNG UNIV,PUSAN,SOUTH KOREA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MARYLAND,COLLEGE PK,MD 20742. UNIV MICHIGAN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. MOSCOW MV LOMONOSOV STATE UNIV,MOSCOW,RUSSIA. UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE 68588. NYU,NEW YORK,NY 10003. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA 02115. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PUNJABI UNIV,CHANDIGARH 160014,INDIA. INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS,PROTVINO 142284,RUSSIA. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX 77251. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. CENS,CEA,DAPNIA,SERV PHYS PARTICULES,GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. SUPERCONDUCTING SUPER COLLIDER LAB,DALLAS,TX 75237. TATA INST FUNDAMENTAL RES,BOMBAY 400005,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. UNIV TEXAS,ARLINGTON,TX 76019. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. RP ABACHI, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Oguri, Vitor/B-5403-2013; Alves, Gilvan/C-4007-2013; Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015; Chekulaev, Sergey/O-1145-2015; Aihara, Hiroaki/F-3854-2010; Shivpuri, R K/A-5848-2010; Leflat, Alexander/D-7284-2012; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/D-6850-2012; De, Kaushik/N-1953-2013; de Mello Neto, Joao/C-5822-2013; Taketani, Atsushi/E-1803-2017 OI Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775; Aihara, Hiroaki/0000-0002-1907-5964; Klyukhin, Vyacheslav/0000-0002-8577-6531; De, Kaushik/0000-0002-5647-4489; de Mello Neto, Joao/0000-0002-3234-6634; Taketani, Atsushi/0000-0002-4776-2315 NR 21 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1034 EP 1039 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1034 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100011 ER PT J AU BERGER, RL LASINSKI, BF LANGDON, AB KAISER, TB AFEYAN, BB COHEN, BI STILL, CH WILLIAMS, EA AF BERGER, RL LASINSKI, BF LANGDON, AB KAISER, TB AFEYAN, BB COHEN, BI STILL, CH WILLIAMS, EA TI INFLUENCE OF SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL LASER-BEAM SMOOTHING ON STIMULATED BRILLOUIN-SCATTERING IN FILAMENTARY LASER-LIGHT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SCALE-LENGTH PLASMAS; INSTABILITIES AB Three-dimensional simulations are presented which calculate the time-dependent, self-consistent evolution of filamentation and stimulated Brillouin backscatter (SBBS) in nonuniform laser beams with intense hot spots. The simulations show significant reflectivity (>1%) for modest average-intensity gain exponents (5-10). Many hot spots cooperate to produce a total SBBS amplification that increases with the plasma length as well as hot-spot length. Temporal beam smoothing with bandwidth comparable to the SBBS growth rate substantially reduces the nonuniform-laser-beam reflectivity. RP BERGER, RL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1078 EP 1081 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1078 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100022 ER PT J AU YOUNG, PE FOORD, ME HAMMER, JH KRUER, WL TABAK, M WILKS, SC AF YOUNG, PE FOORD, ME HAMMER, JH KRUER, WL TABAK, M WILKS, SC TI TIME-DEPENDENT CHANNEL FORMATION IN A LASER-PRODUCED PLASMA SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STIMULATED RAMAN-SCATTERING; FILAMENTATION; LIGHT; BEAM AB The formation of density channels in an underdense plasma is studied as a function of the laser pulse length, For pulse lengths of less than 300 ps, the channels have a finite axial length and end short of the peak density. As the pulse length is increased beyond 300 ps, the channel lengthens to the opposite side of the density profile and a situation can be obtained in which most of the beam propagates through the plasma within the vacuum propagation cone. The process of channel formation is successfully modeled by two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. RP YOUNG, PE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5508,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 22 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1082 EP 1085 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1082 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100023 ER PT J AU JI, H YAGI, Y HATTORI, K ALMAGRI, AF PRAGER, SC HIRANO, Y SARFF, JS SHIMADA, T MAEJIMA, Y HAYASE, K AF JI, H YAGI, Y HATTORI, K ALMAGRI, AF PRAGER, SC HIRANO, Y SARFF, JS SHIMADA, T MAEJIMA, Y HAYASE, K TI EFFECT OF COLLISIONALITY AND DIAMAGNETISM ON THE PLASMA DYNAMO SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID REVERSED-FIELD PINCH; MADISON SYMMETRICAL TORUS; MAGNETIC-FIELD; EDGE; FLUCTUATIONS; TRANSPORT AB Fluctuation-induced dynamo electric fields are measured over a wide range of electron collisionality in the edge of TPE-1RM20 reversed-field pinch (RFP). In the collisionless region the magnetohydrodynamic dynamo alone can sustain the parallel current, while in the collisional region a new dynamo mechanism resulting from the fluctuations in the electron diamagnetic drift becomes dominant. A comprehensive picture of the RFP dynamo emerges by combining with earlier results from MST and REPUTE RFPs. C1 ELECTROTECH LAB,PLASMA SECT,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV WISCONSIN,DEPT PHYS,MADISON,WI 53706. RP JI, H (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1086 EP 1089 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1086 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100024 ER PT J AU MILLONAS, MM RAY, C AF MILLONAS, MM RAY, C TI RELAXATION KINETICS OF NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS COUPLED TO A NONEQUILIBRIUM BATH SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DETAILED BALANCE; ESCAPE; NOISE AB The nonexponential decay of a correlation function in physical, chemical, or biomolecular complex systems is often taken as explicit evidence for disorder, Here we show that even without disorder, nonexponential relaxation can arise through a coupling of the primary relaxations to the ''invisible'' relaxations of the rest of the system. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,COMPLEX SYST GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT PHYS,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 23 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1110 EP 1113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1110 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100030 ER PT J AU CHAN, DK SEIDMAN, DN MERKLE, KL AF CHAN, DK SEIDMAN, DN MERKLE, KL TI CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURE OF CDO/AG(222) HETEROPHASE INTERFACES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METAL-OXIDE INTERFACE; ELECTRON-MICROSCOPY; HYDROGEN; GROWTH; PROBE AB The atomic scale structure and chemistry of the terminating polar plane of CdO, at atomically clean CdO/Ag{222} interfaces, produced by internal oxidation of a Ag(Cd) alloy, is studied via high-resolution electron (HREM) and atom-probe microscopies. It is demonstrated that this {222} plane can be either O or Cd with equal probability. The HREM and atom-probe results provide evidence for atomic-height steps at the CdO/Ag{222} interface. The results are explained in terms of precipitate coarsening during the internal oxidation process used to prepare the interfaces. C1 NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,EVANSTON,IL 60208. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RI Seidman, David/B-6697-2009 NR 29 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1118 EP 1121 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1118 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100032 ER PT J AU ISAACS, ED ZSCHACK, P BROHOLM, CL BURNS, C AEPPLI, G RAMIREZ, AP PALSTRA, TTM ERWIN, RW STUCHELI, N BUCHER, E AF ISAACS, ED ZSCHACK, P BROHOLM, CL BURNS, C AEPPLI, G RAMIREZ, AP PALSTRA, TTM ERWIN, RW STUCHELI, N BUCHER, E TI ANTIFERROMAGNETISM AND ITS RELATION TO THE SUPERCONDUCTING PHASES OF UPT3 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD; ORDER; SCATTERING; ANISOTROPY; URU2SI2; TRANSITION; DIAGRAM; STATES AB Using magnetic x-ray and neutron diffraction in UPt3, we find that a suppression of the antiferromagnetic scattering intensity in the superconducting phase is due to a reduction in the magnitude of the staggered moment with no change in symmetry. The existence of the suppression as well as the magnetic correlation lengths are not affected by the presence or absence of a visible splitting in the superconducting transition. The simplest models wherein antiferromagnetic order provides the symmetry-breaking field for the splitting do not provide a compete explanation of our results. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,ORISE,UPTON,NY 11973. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,BALTIMORE,MD 21218. WESTERN MICHIGAN UNIV,KALAMAZOO,MI 49008. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RISO NATL LAB,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. UNIV KONSTANZ,W-7750 CONSTANCE,GERMANY. RP ISAACS, ED (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,600 MT AVE,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. RI Broholm, Collin/E-8228-2011; Palstra, Thomas/K-1961-2013 OI Broholm, Collin/0000-0002-1569-9892; Palstra, Thomas/0000-0001-5239-3115 NR 35 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1178 EP 1181 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1178 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100047 ER PT J AU ROBINSON, RA KOHGI, M OSAKABE, T TROUW, F LYNN, JW CANFIELD, PC THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z BEYERMANN, WP AF ROBINSON, RA KOHGI, M OSAKABE, T TROUW, F LYNN, JW CANFIELD, PC THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z BEYERMANN, WP TI LOW-ENERGY EXCITATIONS AND THE ELECTRONIC SPECIFIC-HEAT OF YBBIPT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article AB Neutron scattering data from the cubic heavy-fermion compound YbBiPt are presented, along with an interpretation in terms of strongly broadened crystal-field levels. To first order, the ground state is sixfold degenerate, consisting of a doublet (Gamma>(7)) and quartet (Gamma(8)). Integration over these levels reproduces the observed linear specific-heat coefficient gamma of 8 J mol(-1) K-2 to within +/-20%. At the lowest temperatures an extra symmetry-forbidden splitting is observed. C1 NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NIST,DIV REACTOR RADIAT,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,SAN DIEGO,CA 92093. RP ROBINSON, RA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Lujan Center, LANL/G-4896-2012; Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1194 EP 1197 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1194 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100051 ER PT J AU BIRGENEAU, RJ FENG, Q HARRIS, QJ HILL, JP RAMIREZ, AP THURSTON, TR AF BIRGENEAU, RJ FENG, Q HARRIS, QJ HILL, JP RAMIREZ, AP THURSTON, TR TI X-RAY AND NEUTRON-SCATTERING, MAGNETIZATION, AND HEAT-CAPACITY STUDY OF THE 3D RANDOM-FIELD ISING-MODEL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SYSTEMS; ANTIFERROMAGNET; FE0.46ZN0.54F2; BIREFRINGENCE; FEXZN1-XF2; BEHAVIOR; DYNAMICS; ORDER AB Magnetic x-ray and neutron scattering, SQUID magnetometry, and heat capacity measurements of Fe0.5Zn0.5F2 in a field are presented. The zero field cooled (ZFC) x-ray results exhibit no true phase transition. Discordantly, the temperature derivative of the uniform magnetization (M) displays a peak, which has previously been interpreted as reflecting random field Ising model critical heat capacity. We demonstrate that the ZFC dM/dT peak, in common with other indirect heat capacity measurements, instead reflects the effects of nonequilibrium ZFC long range order. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. RP BIRGENEAU, RJ (reprint author), MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139, USA. RI Hill, John/F-6549-2011 NR 24 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1198 EP 1201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1198 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100052 ER PT J AU DAI, P MOOK, HA SEAMAN, CL MAPLE, MB KOSTER, JP AF DAI, P MOOK, HA SEAMAN, CL MAPLE, MB KOSTER, JP TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDIES OF Y1-XUXPD3 COMPOUNDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID FERMI-LIQUID BEHAVIOR; KONDO; SYSTEMS; SUPERCONDUCTORS AB We have performed neutron scattering measurements on two alloys of Y1-xUxPd3 (x = 0.2, 0.45). Our results indicate that the x = 0.45 compound orders antiferromagnetically with a moment of 0.7 mu(B) per U atom and a Neel temperature (T-N) of 21 K Although the x = 0.2 compound does not order above 0.2 K, critical fluctuations associated with antiferromagnetic ordering were observed on cooling from 77 to 0.2 K. The magnetic spectra for both compounds, obtained by polarized inelastic neutron scattering, were dominated by a quasielastic response close to 0 meV, suggesting a magnetic ground state. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO, DEPT PHYS, LA JOLLA, CA 92093 USA. UNIV FLORIDA, DEPT PHYS, GAINESVILLE, FL 32611 USA. RP DAI, P (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170 NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1202 EP 1205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1202 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100053 ER PT J AU LYKKE, KR AF LYKKE, KR TI DIRECT OBSERVATION OF TRANSITION FROM DELAYED IONIZATION TO DIRECT IONIZATION FOR FREE C-60 AND C-70 - THERMIONIC EMISSION - COMMENT SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Note ID MULTIPHOTON C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LYKKE, KR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 4 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD AUG 7 PY 1995 VL 75 IS 6 BP 1234 EP 1234 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.75.1234 PG 1 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN001 UT WOS:A1995RN00100061 ER PT J AU PRESS, OW EARY, JF APPELBAUM, FR MARTIN, PJ NELP, WB GLENN, S FISHER, DR PORTER, B MATTHEWS, DC GOOLEY, T BERNSTEIN, ID AF PRESS, OW EARY, JF APPELBAUM, FR MARTIN, PJ NELP, WB GLENN, S FISHER, DR PORTER, B MATTHEWS, DC GOOLEY, T BERNSTEIN, ID TI PHASE-II TRIAL OF I-131 B1 (ANTI-CD20) ANTIBODY THERAPY WITH AUTOLOGOUS STEM-CELL TRANSPLANTATION FOR RELAPSED B-CELL LYMPHOMAS SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; RADIOLABELED MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; DISEASE; RADIOIMMUNOTHERAPY; DOSIMETRY; TOXICITY; OKB7 AB 25 patients with relapsed B-cell lymphomas were evaluated with trace-labelled doses (2.5 mg/kg, 185-370 MBq [5-10 mCi]) of I-131-labelled anti-CD20 (B1) antibody in a phase II trial. 22 patients achieved I-131-B1 biodistributions delivering higher doses of radiation to tumour sites than to normal organs and 21 of these were treated with therapeutic infusions of I-131-B1 (12.765-29.045 GBq) followed by autologous haemopoietic stem cell reinfusion. 18 of the 21 treated patients had objective responses, including 16 complete remissions. One patient died of progressive lymphoma and one died of sepsis. Analysis of our phase I and II trials with I-131-labelled B1 reveal a progression-free survival of 62% and an overall survival of 93% with a median follow-up of 2 years. I-131-anti-CD20 (B1) antibody therapy produces complete responses of long duration in most patients with relapsed B-cell lymphomas when given at maximally tolerated doses with autologous stem cell rescue. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT PEDIAT, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT RADIOL, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOL STRUCT, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOSTAT, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. FRED HUTCHINSON CANC RES CTR, SEATTLE, WA USA. COULTER CORP, SEATTLE, WA USA. FIRST HILL DIAGNOST IMAGING, SEATTLE, WA USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP PRESS, OW (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON, CTR CANC, DEPT MED, MAILSTOP RC08, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [P01CA44991] NR 35 TC 386 Z9 391 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 42 BEDFORD SQUARE, LONDON, ENGLAND WC1B 3SL SN 0099-5355 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD AUG 5 PY 1995 VL 346 IS 8971 BP 336 EP 340 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(95)92225-3 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA RM713 UT WOS:A1995RM71300008 PM 7623531 ER PT J AU GATLEY, SJ DING, YS VOLKOW, ND CHEN, RY SUGANO, Y FOWLER, JS AF GATLEY, SJ DING, YS VOLKOW, ND CHEN, RY SUGANO, Y FOWLER, JS TI BINDING OF D-THREO-[C-11]METHYLPHENIDATE TO THE DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER IN-VIVO - INSENSITIVITY TO SYNAPTIC DOPAMINE SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE METHYLPHENIDATE; D-THREO-METHYLPHENIDATE; WIN 35,428; DOPAMINE; DOPAMINE TRANSPORTER; PET (POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY); (BABOON); (MOUSE) ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; COCAINE RECEPTORS; ENDOGENOUS DOPAMINE; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; C-11 RACLOPRIDE; BETA-CIT; INVIVO; PET; METHYLPHENIDATE; SITES AB The regional distribution of [C-11] d-threo-methylphenidate in mouse brain was very similar to that of [H-3]WIN 35,428 ((-)-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane), and the two radioligands were displaced from striatum similarly after administration of the potent cocaine analog RTI-55 ((-)-2 beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane). However, while striatal [H-3]WIN 35,428 increased between 5 and 30 min, striatal [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate halved. Thus [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate binds similarly to but more reversibly than [H-3]WIN 35,428. The methyl ester of L-DOPA (L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine; 200 mg/kg) plus benserazide plus clorgyline, which markedly elevates rat striatal extracellular dopamine (Wachtel and Abercrombie, 1994, J. Neurochem. 63, 108), decreased the mouse striatum-to-cerebellum ratio for [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate at 30 min by 13% (P < 0.05). In positron emission tomographic (PET) baboon studies [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate binding was insensitive to drugs expected to lower endogenous dopamine. These experiments suggest that normal synaptic dopamine does not compete for binding with [C-11]d-threo-methylphenidate, and will not affect PET measures of dopamine transporter availability. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. RP GATLEY, SJ (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT MED,490 BELL AVE,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA06278] NR 42 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2999 J9 EUR J PHARMACOL JI Eur. J. Pharmacol. PD AUG 4 PY 1995 VL 281 IS 2 BP 141 EP 149 DI 10.1016/0014-2999(95)00233-B PG 9 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA RN827 UT WOS:A1995RN82700004 PM 7589201 ER PT J AU MANK, AJG YEUNG, ES AF MANK, AJG YEUNG, ES TI DIODE LASER-INDUCED FLUORESCENCE DETECTION IN CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS AFTER PRECOLUMN DERIVATIZATION OF AMINO-ACIDS AND SMALL PEPTIDES SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS; PRECOLUMN DERIVATIZATION; OPIOID-PEPTIDES; NAPHTHALENE-2,3-DICARBOXALDEHYDE; TYRAMINE; ION AB The use of diode laser-induced fluorescence (DIO-LIF) detection in the field of capillary electrophoresis (CE) is examined. A simple but sensitive detection system was constructed. The performance of the system was evaluated with respect to design factors and its sensitivity was compared with the theoretically achievable sensitivity. To enhance the applicability of direct DIO-LIF detection in CE, a derivatization method for amines was developed. A red-absorbing label, consisting of a dicarbocyanine fluorophore with a succinimidyl ester functionality, was synthesized for this purpose. After derivatization of 1 x 10(-6) M glycine, a detection limit of 0.1 amol was observed for the labeled glycine. Similar detection limits were observed for other amino acids. To show that derivatization preserves the separation efficiency of CE for the analytes examined, 18 amino acids and tyramine were separated with micellar electrokinetic chromatography after labeling. In addition, even labeled peptides, including structurally related enkephalin-type compounds, were separated from each other with zone electrophoresis. To test the applicability of the derivatization method to biological samples, tyramine was determined in urine before and after the consumption of cheese. C1 FREE UNIV AMSTERDAM,DEPT GEN & ANALYT CHEM,1081 HV AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 25 TC 64 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD AUG 4 PY 1995 VL 708 IS 2 BP 309 EP 321 DI 10.1016/0021-9673(95)00418-M PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA RN724 UT WOS:A1995RN72400015 PM 7647927 ER PT J AU GURLEY, LR UMBARGER, KO KIM, JM BRADBURY, EM LEHNERT, BE AF GURLEY, LR UMBARGER, KO KIM, JM BRADBURY, EM LEHNERT, BE TI DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHIC METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF STAUROSPORINE SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article ID HISTONE PHOSPHORYLATION; CELL-CYCLE; CHROMOSOME CONDENSATION; PROTEIN-KINASE; X-IRRADIATION; MITOSIS; PHASE; FLUID AB Staurosporine (Stsp), a protein kinase inhibitor, has been found to have a differential effect on the proliferation of normal and transformed cells in vitro. Hence, Stsp might be used in cancer therapy to arrest normal proliferating cells in G1, while permitting tumor cells to continue proliferation. The patient could then be treated with a therapeutic agent of maximum toxicity for actively proliferating tumor cells. To facilitate investigations of Stsp in vivo, we have developed an HPLC method for measuring the levels of Stsp in blood. Using a rat model, plasma containing Stsp is treated with acetone to precipitate proteins and extract the Stsp. The acetone extract is then subjected to reversed-phase HPLC on a mu Bondapak C-18 column. Using a linear elution gradient of acetonitrile containing trifluoroacetic acid, Stsp elutes as a sharp peak at ca. 35 min which can be detected by UV absorption at 292 nm. No blood or reagent components interfere with its quantification. The calibration curve, ranging from 0.1 to 2.0 mu g Stsp, demonstrated a linear response to Stsp concentration having a correlation coefficient (r(2)) of 0.990. Precision analysis demonstrated that the method will yield results that are +/-11.6% from the mean 95% (two standard deviations) of the time. This method was used to measure Stsp levels in plasma after administering an injection of 0.2 mg Stsp into the jugular vein of rats. No Stsp could be detected in the plasma 5 min after injection, even though enough Stsp was administered to be easily detectable if it was simply contained in the plasma. Thus, it is concluded that some compartment other than the plasma must adsorb the Stsp from the plasma and sequester it in vivo. RP GURLEY, LR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,MAIL STOP M-880,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 28 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-4347 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B-Biomed. Appl. PD AUG 4 PY 1995 VL 670 IS 1 BP 125 EP 138 DI 10.1016/0378-4347(95)00140-E PG 14 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA RP585 UT WOS:A1995RP58500014 PM 7493070 ER PT J AU PANDYA, KI RUSSELL, AE MCBREEN, J OGRADY, WE AF PANDYA, KI RUSSELL, AE MCBREEN, J OGRADY, WE TI EXAFS INVESTIGATIONS OF ZN(II) IN CONCENTRATED AQUEOUS HYDROXIDE SOLUTIONS SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FINE-STRUCTURE SPECTROSCOPY; SCATTERING; RAMAN; ORDER; IONS; XAFS AB The structure of the Zn2+ species in concentrated aqueous solutions of NaOH, KOH, RbOH, and CsOH was investigated with extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. The results show that the Zn2+ species exist in a tetrahedral configuration with a Zn-O bond distance of 1.96 +/- 0.01 Angstrom, independent of the cation of the hydroxide electrolyte. No evidence for higher Zn-H2O coordination shells, aggregation of the Zn(OH)(4)(2-) tetrahedra, or Zn-Zn interactions were found. The necessity of including the multiple-scattering contributions to obtain a complete and correct EXAFS analysis is clearly shown. C1 USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,RALEIGH,NC 27695. UNIV NEWCASTLE UPON TYNE,DEPT CHEM,NEWCASTLE TYNE NE1 7RU,TYNE & WEAR,ENGLAND. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,UPTON,NY 11973. RI Russell, Andrea/B-8114-2009; Russell, Andrea/A-9625-2012 NR 34 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD AUG 3 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 31 BP 11967 EP 11973 DI 10.1021/j100031a026 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RM901 UT WOS:A1995RM90100026 ER PT J AU LONG, HW LUZAR, M GAEDE, HC LARSEN, RG KRITZENBERGER, J PINES, A CRAWFORD, GP AF LONG, HW LUZAR, M GAEDE, HC LARSEN, RG KRITZENBERGER, J PINES, A CRAWFORD, GP TI XENON NMR-STUDY OF A NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL CONFINED TO CYLINDRICAL SUBMICRON CAVITIES SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD GRADIENTS; INDUCED ORIENTATIONAL ORDER; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; XE-129 NMR; CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; ISOTROPIC-PHASE; GAS; SPECTROSCOPY; MEMBRANES; MIXTURES AB NMR studies of xenon gas dissolved in the liquid crystal ZLI 1132 confined to submicron cylindrical cavities are reported. Spectra taken as a function of temperature yield a clear indication of the nematic to isotropic phase transition of the confined liquid crystals. In the nematic phase at 21 degrees C, the resonance line of dissolved Xe-129 exhibits a chemical shift anisotropy of 15 ppm due to a random distribution of director axes in the plane perpendicular to the long axis of the cylinder. The anisotropy and temperature dependence of the confined system are compared to control experiments that use the bulk liquid crystal. The quadrupolar splitting observed in the Xe-131 NMR spectrum of the confined liquid crystalline solution of xenon gas is slightly greater than that found in the bulk. Two-dimensional exchange NMR demonstrates that the xenon atoms probe different average liquid crystal directors within a single cavity on a 20 ms time scale and that interpore exchange occurs on a time scale of 400 ms. The exchange data indicate that changes in the orientation of the director within individual cavities occur on a length scale of about 2 mu m. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. KENT STATE UNIV,INST LIQUID CRYSTAL,KENT,OH 44242. UNIV LJUBLJANA,DEPT PHYS,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. UNIV LJUBLJANA,JOZEF STEFAN INST,LJUBLJANA 61000,SLOVENIA. RI larsen, russell/H-3443-2013; Gaede, Holly/B-7392-2015 OI Gaede, Holly/0000-0003-4444-4394 NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0022-3654 J9 J PHYS CHEM-US JI J. Phys. Chem. PD AUG 3 PY 1995 VL 99 IS 31 BP 11989 EP 11993 DI 10.1021/j100031a029 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RM901 UT WOS:A1995RM90100029 ER PT J AU GREENBAUM, E LEE, JW TEVAULT, CV BLANKINSHIP, SL METS, LJ AF GREENBAUM, E LEE, JW TEVAULT, CV BLANKINSHIP, SL METS, LJ TI CO2 FIXATION AND PHOTOEVOLUTION OF H-2 AND O-2 IN A MUTANT OF CHLAMYDOMONAS LACKING PHOTOSYSTEM-I SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID REACTION CENTERS; PHEOPHYTIN; PHOTOREDUCTION; CHLOROPLAST; REDUCTION; LIGHT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; REQUIREMENT; EVOLUTION; NADP+ AB Although mutant B4 of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii lacks photosystem I (PS I), it is capable of photoautotrophic assimilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide and sustained simultaneous photo-evolution of molecular oxygen and hydrogen. Here we report that at saturating light intensities, carbon dioxide reduction is stable under anaerobiosis but unstable in air. At lower light intensities, carbon dioxide reduction is stable in both atmospheres. The data indicate that OS I is not necessary for autotrophic photosynthesis. One interpretation of these results is that oxygenic photosynthesis developed as a single-light-reaction process, presumably from a bacterium with a phaeophytin-quinone reaction centre, but became unstable as oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere accumulated. PS I was the seconde light reaction, added to confer stability in oxygen-containing atmospheres. Viewed from this perspective, the well-known Z scheme of modern photosynthesis is seen as a specialized adaptation for performing low-potential reductive photochemistry in oxygen-containing atmospheres, but is not an irreducible necessity for satisfying the thermodynamic and mechanistic requirements of carbon dioxide photoreduction using water as the source of reductant. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MOLEC GENET & CELL BIOL,CHICAGO,IL 60637. RP GREENBAUM, E (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 20 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 5 U2 22 PU MACMILLAN MAGAZINES LTD PI LONDON PA 4 LITTLE ESSEX STREET, LONDON, ENGLAND WC2R 3LF SN 0028-0836 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD AUG 3 PY 1995 VL 376 IS 6539 BP 438 EP 441 DI 10.1038/376438a0 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA RM639 UT WOS:A1995RM63900056 ER PT J AU WANG, WD BAKAC, A ESPENSON, JH AF WANG, WD BAKAC, A ESPENSON, JH TI OXIDATION AND REDUCTION REACTIONS OF HYDROPEROXOCOBALT MACROCYCLES SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID COORDINATED SULFENIC ACIDS; TERT-BUTYL HYDROPEROXIDE; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; ORGANOCOBALT COMPLEXES; ALKYL HYDROPEROXIDES; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; FENTON REAGENTS; KINETICS; MECHANISM; REACTIVITY AB The reduction of LCoOOH(2+) (L = L(1) = [14]aneN(4) and L(2) = Me(6)[14]aneN(4)) by Cr2+, Fe2+, VO2+, V2+, Ti3+, and Co(tim)(2+) has been studied in acidic aqueous solution. The L(1)CoOOH(2+)/Fe2+ reaction takes place with a second-order rate constant 4.8 L mol(-1) s(-1) at 25 degrees C and 0.10 M H3O+. It is accompanied by a large negative entropy of activation, -122 J mol(-1) K-1. In the presence of a large excess of Fe2+, this reaction proceeds with a 1:2 stoichiometry and produces L(1)Co(3+) and Fe3+. A Fenton mechanism is proposed for this and other reduction reactions of LCoOOH(2+). The oxidation of LCoOOH(2+) by RU(bipy)(3)(3+), Fe(phen)(3)(3+), IrCl62-, VO2+, and Fe3+ has also been investigated. The outer-sphere electron transfer reactions with Ru(bipy)(3)(3+), Fe(phen)(3)(3+), and IrCl(6)(2-)proceed with a 1:2 stoichiometry. The reaction of L(1)CoOOH(2+) with Fe3+ produces O-2 With a second-order rate constant 2.74 L mol(-1) s(-1) at 25 degrees C and 0.10 M H3O+. Unlike the reduction reactions, the kinetics of the oxidation of L(1)CoOOH(2+) are acid-dependent. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. NR 76 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 2 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 16 BP 4049 EP 4056 DI 10.1021/ic00120a007 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA RM889 UT WOS:A1995RM88900007 ER PT J AU BARNHART, DM BURNS, CJ SAUER, NN WATKIN, JG AF BARNHART, DM BURNS, CJ SAUER, NN WATKIN, JG TI SYNTHESIS OF NEUTRAL AND ANIONIC URANYL ARYLOXIDE COMPLEXES FROM URANYL AMIDE PRECURSORS - X-RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES OF UO2(O-2,6-I-PR2C6H3)(2)(PY)(3) AND [NA(THF)(3)](2)[UO2(O-2,6-ME(2)C(6)H(3))(4)] SO INORGANIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALKOXIDE CHEMISTRY; URANIUM(IV); REACTIVITY; SOLVATE; BASES AB Reaction of anhydrous UO2Cl2 With 2 equiv of KN(SiMe(3))2 in THF leads to formation of the neutral bis(amido) complex UO2[N(SiMe(3))(2)](2)(THF)(2) (1), whereas the use of 2, 3, or 4 equiv of NaN(SiMe(3))(2) in an analogous reaction produces the tetrakis(amido) salt [Na(THF)(2)](2){UO2[N(SiMe(3))(2)](4)} (2) Alcoholysis of 1 with 2 equiv of HO-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3 in the presence of pyridine gives the bis(aryloxide) complex UO2(O-2,6-i-Pr2C6H3)2(PY)3 (3) (PY C5H5N), whereas alcoholysis of 2 with 4 equiv of HO-2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3) in THF produces the tetrakis(aryloxide) salt [Na(THF)(3)](2)[UO2(O-2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3))(4)] (4) The molecular structures of 3 and 4 have been determined by means of single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies. Compound 3 exhibits pentagonal bipyramidal geometry, with the uranyl oxygen atoms occupying the axial positions and the aryloxide and pyridine ligands lying in the equatorial plane. U-O bond lengths average 1.789(5) Angstrom for the uranyl oxygen atoms and 2.197(9) Angstrom for the aryloxide ligands, while U-N distances to the pyridine ligands average 2.616(7) Angstrom. Compound 4 is comprised of a uranium metal center coordinated in a pseudo-octahedral fashion by six oxygen atoms, with two sodium cations each coordinated to one uranyl oxygen atom and one oxygen atom of an aryloxide ligand. U-O bond distances to the uranyl oxygens average 1.814(5) Angstrom, while distances to the aryloxide ligands average 2,204(8) Angstrom for the two aryloxide ligands not involved in coordination to the sodium cations and 2.288(5) Angstrom for the aryloxide ligands forming U-O-Na interactions. Crystal data for 3 (at -70 degrees C): Monoclinic, space group P2(1), a = 11.582(2) Angstrom, b = 13.975(3) Angstrom, c = 12.322(2) Angstrom, beta = 103.67(3)degrees, V = 1937.9(6) Angstrom(3), Z = 2, D-calc =1.477 g cm(-3). Crystal data for 4 (at -70 degrees C): Triclinic, space group P ($) over bar 1, alpha = 12.830(2),Angstrom, b = 13.574(2) Angstrom, c = 18.382(3)Angstrom, alpha = 93.401(1)degrees, beta = 98.12(1)degrees, gamma = 106.21(1)degrees, V= 3027(2) Angstrom(3), Z= 2, D-calc = 1.35 g cm-3. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,WASTE TREATMENT & MINIMIZAT SCI & TECHNOL GRP CST,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 40 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0020-1669 J9 INORG CHEM JI Inorg. Chem. PD AUG 2 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 16 BP 4079 EP 4084 DI 10.1021/ic00120a011 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA RM889 UT WOS:A1995RM88900011 ER PT J AU HASHARONI, K LEVANON, H GREENFIELD, SR GOSZTOLA, DJ SVEC, WA WASIELEWSKI, MR AF HASHARONI, K LEVANON, H GREENFIELD, SR GOSZTOLA, DJ SVEC, WA WASIELEWSKI, MR TI MIMICRY OF THE RADICAL PAIR AND TRIPLET-STATES IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC REACTION CENTERS WITH A SYNTHETIC MODEL SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID ELECTRON-PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE; LIQUID-CRYSTALS C1 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,DEPT PHYS CHEM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,FARKAS CTR LIGHT INDUCED PROC,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,DEPT CHEM,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RI Gosztola, David/D-9320-2011 OI Gosztola, David/0000-0003-2674-1379 NR 14 TC 96 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0002-7863 J9 J AM CHEM SOC JI J. Am. Chem. Soc. PD AUG 2 PY 1995 VL 117 IS 30 BP 8055 EP 8056 DI 10.1021/ja00135a040 PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA RM700 UT WOS:A1995RM70000040 ER PT J AU SOMORJAI, GA VANHOVE, MA AF SOMORJAI, GA VANHOVE, MA TI RESTRUCTURING OF METAL-SURFACES AND ADSORBED MONOLAYERS DURING CHEMISORPTION AND CATALYTIC REACTION SO ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION B-STRUCTURAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on New Trends in Small Moiety Crystallography, at the 1994 ACA Meeting CY JUN 26-JUL 01, 1994 CL ATLANTA, GA SP Amer Crystallog Assoc ID ENERGY-ELECTRON-DIFFRACTION; ADSORPTION; MULTILAYER AB The adsorption of atoms and molecules on crystalline metal surfaces frequently leads to restructuring of the metal surface. Such restructuring occurs during chemical reactions and is likely to profoundly modify the reactions. An overview of adsorbate-induced restructuring is presented, stressing the atomic-scale structural knowledge obtained on model single-crystal surfaces in ultrahigh vacuum with techniques such as low-energy electron diffraction etc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SOMORJAI, GA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Van Hove, Michel/A-9862-2008 OI Van Hove, Michel/0000-0002-8898-6921 NR 33 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0108-7681 J9 ACTA CRYSTALLOGR B JI Acta Crystallogr. Sect. B-Struct. Commun. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 51 BP 502 EP 512 DI 10.1107/S0108768195001078 PN 4 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA RP961 UT WOS:A1995RP96100012 ER PT J AU MOORE, LW SPRINGER, KN SHI, JX YANG, XG SWANSON, BI LI, DQ AF MOORE, LW SPRINGER, KN SHI, JX YANG, XG SWANSON, BI LI, DQ TI SURFACE-ACOUSTIC-WAVE CHEMICAL MICROSENSORS BASED ON COVALENTLY BOUND SELF-ASSEMBLED HOST MONOLAYERS SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Note ID VAPOR SENSORS; CYCLODEXTRIN; ELECTRODES; MEMBRANES; CHEMISTRY; RESPONSES; DEVICES; FILMS AB Communication: Novel asymmetric cyclodextrin derivatives have been synthesized. The materials form self-assembled host monolayer thin films under the action of silane coupling reagents. Ultrasensitive (low-ppm) sensors for volatile organic compounds have been developed based on these and related materials, and it is suggested that pattern recognition with an array of such sensors could be a feasible approach to the identification of a particular organic material. RP MOORE, LW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL CST4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 30 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 9 PU VCH PUBLISHERS INC PI DEERFIELD BEACH PA 303 NW 12TH AVE, DEERFIELD BEACH, FL 33442-1788 SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 7 IS 8 BP 729 EP 731 DI 10.1002/adma.19950070810 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA RQ532 UT WOS:A1995RQ53200009 ER PT J AU REDMOND, J PARKER, GG HINNERICHS, TD AF REDMOND, J PARKER, GG HINNERICHS, TD TI OPTIMAL LOAD LIMITING PARACHUTE INFLATION CONTROL SO AERONAUTICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Excessive deceleration forces experienced during high speed deployment of parachute systems can cause damage to the payload and the canopy fabric. Conventional reefing lines offer limited relief by temporarily restricting canopy inflation and limiting the peak deceleration load. However, the open-loop control provided by existing reefing devices restricts their use to a specific set of deployment conditions. The sensing, processing, and actuation which are characteristic of adaptive structures form the basis of three concepts for active control of parachute inflation. These active control concepts are incorporated into a computer simulation of parachute inflation. Initial investigations indicate that these concepts promise enhanced performance as compared to conventional techniques for a nominal release. Furthermore, the ability of each controller to adapt to off-nominal release conditions is examined. RP REDMOND, J (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL AERONAUTICAL SOC PI LONDON PA 4 HAMILTON PL, LONDON, ENGLAND W1V OBQ SN 0001-9240 J9 AERONAUT J JI Aeronaut. J. PD AUG-SEP PY 1995 VL 99 IS 987 BP 306 EP 312 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA RX706 UT WOS:A1995RX70600005 ER PT J AU WOOD, GO AF WOOD, GO TI CHARACTERIZATION OF GAS MIXING IN AN EXHAUST STACK SO AMERICAN INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOCIATION JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB A typical ventilation exhaust stack has been studied for gas mixing and uniformity of flow. A rest gas, sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), was introduced into a rectangular duct entering the 30.5-cm (12 inch) interior diameter stack at 45 degrees. Cross sectional air samples were drawn through a multipoint sampling probe from two perpendicular directions at three stack levels. A photoacoustic infrared spectrometer measured SF, concentrations. Gas distributions were quite nonuniform at 1.5 stack diameters from the last disturbance. When introduced at duct center, the gas,vas well mixed (relative standard deviation less than or equal to 0.05) by 10 stack diameters from the last disturbance. This agrees with Environmental Protection Agency and American National Standards Institute ''rules of thumb.'' Comparisons with another experimental study using SF6 indicate that the angle of entry of the air into a stack or duct determines the distance required for mixing. Miring was reduced at off-center injection, bur apparently unchanged at halved airflow. RP WOOD, GO (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MAIL STOP K-486,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE ASSOC PI FAIRFAX PA 2700 PROSPERITY AVE #250, FAIRFAX, VA 22031-4307 SN 0002-8894 J9 AM IND HYG ASSOC J JI Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 56 IS 8 BP 788 EP 793 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA RN314 UT WOS:A1995RN31400007 ER PT J AU KRAUSS, RM DREON, DM AF KRAUSS, RM DREON, DM TI LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN SUBCLASSES AND RESPONSE TO A LOW-FAT DIET IN HEALTHY-MEN SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Genetic Influences on Lipoprotein Response to Dietary Fat and Cholesterol CY APR 26, 1994 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Natl Dairy Council, Amer Inst Nutr DE LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; LIPOPROTEINS; LDL SUBCLASSES; VLDL; HDL; DIETARY FAT ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PLASMA TRIGLYCERIDE CONCENTRATION; SERUM-CHOLESTEROL RESPONSE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; LDL PARTICLE-SIZE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; HIGH-CARBOHYDRATE; SATURATED-FAT; WOMEN AB Lipid and lipoprotein responses to reduced dietary fat intake were investigated in relation to differences in distribution of low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) subclasses among 105 healthy men consuming high-fat (46% fat) and low-fat (24% fat) diets in random order for 6 wk each. With high-fat diets, 87 subjects had predominantly large, buoyant LDL (pattern A), whereas the remainder had primarily smaller, denser LDL (pattern B). With low-fat diets, 36 men changed from pattern A to B. Compared with the 51 men with pattern A with both diets (stable A group), men in the stable B group (n = 18) had significantly greater reductions in plasma LDL cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and mass of mid-sized (LDL II) and small (LDL III) LDL subfractions. In both the stable A and change groups, there was a shift in LDL particle mass from larger, lipid-enriched (LDL I and II) to smaller, lipid-depleted (LDL III and IV) subfractions, suggestive of change in LDL composition with minimal change in particle number, and consistent with the observation of reduced plasma LDL cholesterol without reduced apolipoprotein B. Stable B subjects had significantly greater increases in the largest very-low-density-lipoprotein subfraction with the low-fat diet than the stable A group, and also had greater decreases in the high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) subclass HDL(3) but smaller reductions in HDL(2). Genetic and environmental factors influencing LDL subclass distributions thus may also contribute substantially to interindividual variation in plasma lipoprotein response to a low-fat diet. RP KRAUSS, RM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DONNER LAB, ROOM 465, 1 CYCLOTRON RD, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL 18574] NR 62 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 EI 1938-3207 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 62 IS 2 BP 478S EP 487S PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA RM147 UT WOS:A1995RM14700035 PM 7625363 ER PT J AU WHITE, RF PROCTOR, SP ECHEVERRIA, D SCHWEIKERT, J FELDMAN, RG AF WHITE, RF PROCTOR, SP ECHEVERRIA, D SCHWEIKERT, J FELDMAN, RG TI NEUROBEHAVIORAL EFFECTS OF ACUTE AND CHRONIC MIXED-SOLVENT EXPOSURE IN THE SCREEN PRINTING INDUSTRY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; SOLVENTS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; PRINTING INDUSTRY ID PSYCHOLOGICAL FUNCTION CHANGES; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; CONSTRUCTION PAINTERS; HOUSE PAINTERS; PERFORMANCE; MIXTURES; TOLUENE; LEAD AB This 2-year prospective study examined the neurobehavioral effects of acute and chronic exposure to mixed solvents in workers in a screen printing business. A total of 30 subjects participated in the study in two field testings over a 12 month period. Each subject completed a detailed medical and occupational questionnaire, had a neurological examination, and underwent a battery of neuropsychological tests. Industrial hygiene investigation identified the following chemical exposures as present: toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, mineral spirits, beta-ether, methylene chloride, and acetic acid. Different departments and jobs had varying degrees of exposure to these chemicals, the highest exposures being in the ink mix area and the screen washroom area. However, all exposure levels were below recommended threshold limit values. Persons categorized as having higher acute exposure demonstrated significantly impaired test performance on tasks involving manual dexterity, visual memory, and mood. Those with higher chronic exposure demonstrated significantly poorer performance on visual memory tasks and mood. Results suggest that the mixed solvents used in the screen printing industy have an effect on central. nervous system functioning in the absence of obvious clinical disease. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 BOSTON UNIV,SCH PUBL HLTH,DEPT ENVIRONM HLTH,BOSTON,MA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,NEUROPSYCHOL SERV,BOSTON,MA. BATTELLE SEATTLE RES CTR,SEATTLE,WA. DEPT VET AFFAIRS MED CTR,DEPT NEUROL,BOSTON,MA. RP WHITE, RF (reprint author), BOSTON UNIV,SCH MED,DEPT NEUROL,80 E CONCORD ST,BOSTON,MA 02118, USA. FU NIOSH CDC HHS [K01OH0028] NR 31 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 28 IS 2 BP 221 EP 231 DI 10.1002/ajim.4700280207 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA RL996 UT WOS:A1995RL99600006 PM 8585519 ER PT J AU COOK, RJ FEARN, H MILONNI, PW AF COOK, RJ FEARN, H MILONNI, PW TI FIZEAUS EXPERIMENT AND THE AHARONOV-BOHM EFFECT SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB The electromagnetic wave equations in a moving medium may be approximated by a form similar to that of the Schrodinger equation for a particle in an electromagnetic field, with the velocity v of the medium and the vorticity del xv playing the roles of the vector potential and magnetic field, respectively. A purely classical optical analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm effect follows by consideration of the interference pattern produced by two beams, each of which propagates in a region with zero vorticity, but such that the flux of the vorticity through the closed loop defined by the optical paths does not vanish. Fizeau's experiment (1851) on the velocity of light in moving media may be regarded as an example of such a situation. (C) 1995 American Association of Physics Teachers. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET T-4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP COOK, RJ (reprint author), USAF ACAD,DEPT PHYS,COLORADO SPRINGS,CO 80840, USA. NR 28 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 63 IS 8 BP 705 EP 710 DI 10.1119/1.17840 PG 6 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA RM558 UT WOS:A1995RM55800004 ER PT J AU STAPP, HP AF STAPP, HP TI ANSWERS TO SHIMONYS QUERIES SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS LA English DT Note RP STAPP, HP (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0002-9505 J9 AM J PHYS JI Am. J. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 63 IS 8 BP 757 EP 758 DI 10.1119/1.17852 PG 2 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Physics GA RM558 UT WOS:A1995RM55800014 ER PT J AU JOHNSTON, RG SCHRODER, SD MALLAWAARATCHY, AR AF JOHNSTON, RG SCHRODER, SD MALLAWAARATCHY, AR TI STATISTICAL ARTIFACTS IN THE RATIO OF DISCRETE QUANTITIES SO AMERICAN STATISTICIAN LA English DT Article DE ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION; BINNING ERRORS; DIGITIZATION; HISTOGRAM, RATIO; STATISTICAL ARTIFACTS AB The ratio is a familiar statistic, but it is often misused. One frequently overlooked problem occurs when ratioing two discrete (digitized) variables. Fine structure appears in the histogram of the ratio that can be very subtle, or can sometimes even dominate the histogram. It disappears when the numerator and/or denominator become continuous. This statistical artifact is not a binning error, nor is it removed by taking more data. It is important to be aware of the artifact in order to avoid misinterpretation of ratio data. We provide examples of the statistical artifact (including one from baseball) and discuss ways to avoid or minimize the problems it can cause. C1 EASTERN NEW MEXICO UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,PORTALES,NM 88130. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ELECT ENGN,AMES,IA 50012. RP JOHNSTON, RG (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 9 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER STATIST ASSN PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 SN 0003-1305 J9 AM STAT JI Am. Stat. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 49 IS 3 BP 285 EP 291 DI 10.2307/2684202 PG 7 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA RQ962 UT WOS:A1995RQ96200009 ER PT J AU TAN, WH PARPURA, V HAYDON, PG YEUNG, ES AF TAN, WH PARPURA, V HAYDON, PG YEUNG, ES TI NEUROTRANSMITTER IMAGING IN LIVING CELLS BASED ON NATIVE FLUORESCENCE DETECTION SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS; PROTEINS AB A UV laser-based optical microscope and CCD detection system with high sensitivity has been developed to image neurotransmitters in living cells. We demonstrate the detection of serotonin that has been taken up into individual living glial cells (astrocytes) based on its native fluorescence. We found that the fluorescence intensity of astrocytes increased by up to 10 times after serotonin uptake. The temporal resolution of this detection system at 10(-4) M serotonin is as fast as 50 ms, and the spatial resolution is diffraction limited. This UV laser microscope imaging system shows promise for studies of spatial-temporal dynamics of neurotransmitter levels in living neurons and glia. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,US DOE,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT ZOOL & GENET,CELLULAR SIGNALING LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RI Tan, Weihong/A-5412-2008; Parpura, Vladimir/A-1242-2010 OI Tan, Weihong/0000-0002-8066-1524; Parpura, Vladimir/0000-0002-4643-2197 FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS26650] NR 18 TC 49 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 15 BP 2575 EP 2579 DI 10.1021/ac00111a013 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RL978 UT WOS:A1995RL97800018 PM 8849024 ER PT J AU ROCKWOOD, AL VANORDEN, SL SMITH, RD AF ROCKWOOD, AL VANORDEN, SL SMITH, RD TI RAPID CALCULATION OF ISOTOPE DISTRIBUTIONS SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB A new method is presented for calculating isotope distributions starting from a molecular formula and elemental isotopic abundances. The algorithm uses Fourier transform methods to do the multiple convolutions required to calculate molecular isotope distributions, In contrast to ''infinite resolution'' methods based on expansion of a polynomial expression, the present method produces peak profiles of finite resolution, and the peak profile function can be adjusted to match that of an experimental apparatus, The method is very fast, accurate, and economical in its use of computer memory and can be applied to extremely large molecules, In a sample calculation applied to a DNA oligomer of molecular mass > 123 kDa, the calculation completed in < 1 s at a resolution of similar to 400 000 while an array size of only 4096 double precision points was used. Calculation of the moments of the resulting distribution showed that the average molecular weight of the distribution was accurate to 0.013 parts per million and the standard deviation was accurate to 0.15 parts per million. RP ROCKWOOD, AL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,BATTELLE BLVD, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 10 TC 96 Z9 97 U1 4 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 67 IS 15 BP 2699 EP 2704 DI 10.1021/ac00111a031 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA RL978 UT WOS:A1995RL97800036 ER PT J AU BABU, GRV WOLFRAM, JH MARIAN, JM CHAPATWALA, KD AF BABU, GRV WOLFRAM, JH MARIAN, JM CHAPATWALA, KD TI PSEUDOMONAS MARGINALIS - ITS DEGRADATIVE CAPABILITY ON ORGANIC NITRILES AND AMIDES SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALIPHATIC NITRILES; PURIFICATION AB Pseudomonas marginalis, capable of utilizing acetonitrile as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen, was isolated from an industrial waste site. P. marginalis metabolized acetonitrile into ammonia and acetate. The minimal inhibitory concentration values of different nitriles and amides for P. marginalis were in the range 5-300 mM. The bacterium was able to transform high-molecular-mass nitrile compounds and their respective amides into ammonia. The data from substrate-dependent kinetics showed that the K-m and V-max values of P. marginalis for acetonitrile were 33 mM and 67 nmol oxygen consumed min(-1) (ml cell suspension)(-1) respectively. The study with [C-14]acetonitrile indicated that nearly 66% of the carbon was released as (CO2)-C-14 and 12% was associated with the biomass. The enzyme system involved in the hydrolysis of acetonitrile was shown to be intracellular and inducible. The specific activities of the enzymes nitrile aminohydrolase and amidase were determined in the cell-free extracts of P. marginalis. Both the enzymes could hydrolyze a wide range of nitriles and amides. The present study suggests that the biodegradation of organic nitriles and the bioproduction of organic acids may be achieved with the cells of P. marginalis. C1 SELMA UNIV,DIV NAT SCI,SELMA,AL 36701. LOCKHEED IDAHO TECHNOL CO,BIOTECHNOL,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR08169] NR 19 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD AUG-SEP PY 1995 VL 43 IS 4 BP 739 EP 745 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA RT232 UT WOS:A1995RT23200026 PM 7546612 ER PT J AU GULLIKSON, EM GRAMSCH, E SZAWLOWSKI, M AF GULLIKSON, EM GRAMSCH, E SZAWLOWSKI, M TI LARGE-AREA AVALANCHE PHOTODIODES FOR THE DETECTION OF SOFT X-RAYS SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article AB The charge-collection efficiency of beveled-edge-type silicon avalanche photodiodes has been determined for soft x rays in the 50-300-eV range. An efficiency of greater than 80% is measured for energies below the Si L absorption edge. The measured efficiency is well described by a model that accounts for absorption in an oxide overlayer and recombination at the front surface of the diode. The avalanche photodiodes are shown to be significantly more sensitive compared with other detectors for pulsed sources such as a laser-produced plasma source. These results are also very encouraging for soft-x-ray/extreme-UV applications involving synchrotron radiation. C1 ADV PHOTONIX INC,CAMARILLO,CA 93012. RP GULLIKSON, EM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,CTR XRAY OPT,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Gramsch, Ernesto/0000-0002-6787-7355 NR 20 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 22 BP 4662 EP 4668 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA RL484 UT WOS:A1995RL48400005 PM 21052299 ER PT J AU BOCK, JJ PARIKH, MK FISCHER, ML LANGE, AE AF BOCK, JJ PARIKH, MK FISCHER, ML LANGE, AE TI EMISSIVITY MEASUREMENTS OF REFLECTIVE SURFACES AT NEAR-MILLIMETER WAVELENGTHS SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE EMISSIVITY; REFLECTANCE; MILLIMETER; INFRARED; MIRRORS ID FILTERS; GLASS AB We have developed an instrument for directly measuring the emissivity of reflective surfaces at near-millimeter wavelengths. The thermal emission of a test sample is compared with that of a reference surface, allowing the emissivity of the sample to be determined without heating. The emissivity of the reference surface is determined by one's heating the reference surface and measuring the increase in emission. The instrument has an absolute accuracy of Delta epsilon = 5 x 10(-4) and can reproducibly measure a difference in emissivity as small as Delta epsilon = 10(-4) between flat reflective samples. We have used the instrument to measure the emissivity of metal films evaporated on glass and carbon fiber-reinforced plastic composite surfaces. We measure an emissivity of (2.15 +/- 0.4) x 10(-3) for gold evaporated on glass and (2.65 +/- 0.5) x 10(-3) for aluminum evaporated on carbon fiber-reinforced plastic composite. C1 PRINCETON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PRINCETON,NJ 08544. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INDOOR ENVIRONM PROGRAM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP BOCK, JJ (reprint author), CALTECH,DIV PHYS MATH & ASTRON,MAIL CODE 424-47,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 12 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 22 BP 4812 EP 4816 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA RL484 UT WOS:A1995RL48400026 PM 21052320 ER PT J AU JOCHUM, L MEYERILSE, W AF JOCHUM, L MEYERILSE, W TI PARTIALLY COHERENT IMAGE-FORMATION WITH X-RAY MICROSCOPES SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article DE IMAGE FORMATION; PARTIALLY COHERENT IMAGING; X-RAY MICROSCOPY; RESOLUTION LIMIT ID TRANSMISSION AB Image formation with partially coherent radiation is evaluated with the Hopkins formula and then applied to x-ray microscopy. Image characteristics expected from instruments with circular and annular pupils in partially coherent conditions are considered for two-point objects and a knife-edge object. The theoretically expected values for image characteristics that are easy accessible by an experiment, such as the width of a knife edge, are given for various x-ray microscopes. RP JOCHUM, L (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR XRAY OPT,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0003-6935 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 34 IS 22 BP 4944 EP 4950 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA RL484 UT WOS:A1995RL48400043 PM 21052337 ER PT J AU ALLEN, TM KELLY, PB ANDERSON, JE TAYLOR, TN NOGAR, NS AF ALLEN, TM KELLY, PB ANDERSON, JE TAYLOR, TN NOGAR, NS TI DEPTH PROFILING OF COPPER THIN-FILMS BY RESONANT LASER-ABLATION SO APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING LA English DT Note ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PERIODIC SURFACE-STRUCTURE; SEMICONDUCTORS; GAAS AB In Resonant Laser Ablation (RLA), material is ablated and selectively ionized by a low-energy pulse from a tunable laser. The selectivity and efficiency allow detection and quantitation at very low concentrations. We demonstrate that RLA has potential use in profiling thin layer and multilayer structures. Quantitative results are reported on the analysis of 20 and 100 Angstrom copper thin films on Si(110) surfaces. Removal rates range from 10(-3) to 10(-2) Angstrom/shot. Prospects for interrogation of dopants and impurities are also evaluated. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP ALLEN, TM (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT CHEM,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0721-7250 J9 APPL PHYS A-MATER JI Appl. Phys. A-Mater. Sci. Process. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 61 IS 2 BP 221 EP 225 DI 10.1007/BF01538394 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA RM566 UT WOS:A1995RM56600023 ER PT J AU SMITH, SV DIBARTOLO, N MIRZADEH, S LAMBRECHT, RM KNAPP, FFR HETHERINGTON, EL AF SMITH, SV DIBARTOLO, N MIRZADEH, S LAMBRECHT, RM KNAPP, FFR HETHERINGTON, EL TI [DY-166]DYSPROSIUM/[HO-166]HOLMIUM IN-VIVO GENERATOR SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article AB A novel approach for the delivery of Ho-166 (t1/2 = 26.6 h) to tissue is via the in vivo decay of its 81.5 h parent, Dy-166-an in vivo generator system. A critical question for the in vivo Dy-166/Ho-166 generator system is whether translocation of the daughter nucleus occurs. The in vitro and in vivo integrity of the [Dy-166]Dy/Ho-166-DTPA complex was investigated and results indicated that no translocation of the daughter nucleus occurs subsequent to beta(-) decay of Dy-166. Biodistribution studies of [Dy-166]Dy-DTPA showed that the ratio of Dy-166/Ho-166 in bone remains constant (+/-7%) over a 20 h period, indicating no significant in vivo loss of Ho-166 from the complex. Increasing the in vivo residence time of [Dy-166]Dy-DTPA complex attached to HSA gave similar results. C1 AUSTRALIAN NUCL SCI & TECHNOL ORG,BIOMED & HLTH PROGRAM,MENAI,NSW 2234,AUSTRALIA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,NUCL MED GRP,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV WOLLONGONG,DEPT CHEM,WOLLONGONG,NSW 2522,AUSTRALIA. NR 19 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 46 IS 8 BP 759 EP 764 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(94)00149-T PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RJ966 UT WOS:A1995RJ96600004 PM 7633391 ER PT J AU URENANUNEZ, F FLORES, J ZUAZUA, MP SECKER, DA COOGAN, JJ ROSOCHA, LA AF URENANUNEZ, F FLORES, J ZUAZUA, MP SECKER, DA COOGAN, JJ ROSOCHA, LA TI USE OF ALANINE-SILICONE PELLETS FOR ELECTRON DOSIMETRY - DETERMINATION OF A 3-DIMENSIONAL DOSE PROFILE OF AN IRRADIATION CHAMBER SO APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES LA English DT Article AB Alanine-silicone pellets are used jointly with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy to evaluate their dosimetric properties for electrons. The system has previously been shown to be useful for gamma-ray dosimetry (Flores and Galindo, Radiat. Res. 125, 335, 1991). A 1-MV tandem Van de Graaff accelerator was used to perform electron irradiations in the absorbed dose range 10-10(5) Gy and a calibration curve was established. Intercomparisons with radiochromic films were accomplished whenever it was applicable. For immediate use, this dosimetric system was used to determine a 3-D dose profile for an irradiation chamber of a pulsed electron accelerator currently used to test electron irradiation effects on waste waters. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV CHEM SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP URENANUNEZ, F (reprint author), INST NACL INVEST NUCL,APARTADO POSTAL 18-1027,MEXICO CITY 11801,DF,MEXICO. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0969-8043 J9 APPL RADIAT ISOTOPES JI Appl. Radiat. Isot. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 46 IS 8 BP 813 EP 818 DI 10.1016/0969-8043(95)00017-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RJ966 UT WOS:A1995RJ96600012 ER PT J AU RUCKMAN, MW QIU, SL STRONGIN, M AF RUCKMAN, MW QIU, SL STRONGIN, M TI A PHOTOELECTRON STUDY OF THE OXIDATION OF TA(110) AND THIN ALUMINUM LAYERS ON TA(110) SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CORE-LEVEL SHIFTS; ELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; NB; JUNCTIONS; STABILITY; TA AB Photoelectron spectra were used to characterize the oxidation of thin aluminum films on Ta(110). The exposure of bare Ta(110) to langmuir amounts of O-2 generates Ta4f spectral components related to chemisorbed atomic oxygen and a thin oxide layer. For a Ta-supported Al monolayer, the Al oxidizes first and forms small oxide clusters on the Ta substrate. Once the Al begins to cluster, the uncovered Ta(110) surface oxidizes like the bare Ta(110) surface. When the aluminum layer is made two atomic layers thick, the surface and sub-surface sites of the Al film are filled by atomic oxygen, then oxygen goes into the tantalum substrate and causes the A12p core level to shift similar to 0.5 eV to lower binding energy. The oxidation behavior of the thickest(similar to 5 ML) Al layers on Ta(110) is the same as that reported for similar Al layers on polycrystalline Nb films where the presence of unreacted aluminum at the interface acts to inhibit the entry of oxygen into the substrate. RP RUCKMAN, MW (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 89 IS 4 BP 401 EP 409 DI 10.1016/0169-4332(95)00039-9 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA RM370 UT WOS:A1995RM37000009 ER PT J AU LEEPER, DA PORTER, KG AF LEEPER, DA PORTER, KG TI TOXICITY OF THE MIXOTROPHIC CHRYSOPHYTE POTERIOOCHROMONAS-MALHAMENSIS TO THE CLADOCERAN DAPHNIA-AMBIGUA SO ARCHIV FUR HYDROBIOLOGIE LA English DT Article ID ZOOPLANKTON-CYANOBACTERIA INTERACTIONS; PHYTOPLANKTON; LAKE; RESPIRATION; INGESTION; COMMUNITY; PATTERNS; MAGNA; PULEX; PH AB The toxicity of the mixotrophic chrysophyte Poterioochromonas malhamensis to the common cladoceran Daphnia ambigua was investigated with laboratory survivorship experiments and observations of feeding behavior. When cultured autotrophically in an inorganic medium, P. malhamensis provided sufficient nutrition for survival and reproduction by D. ambigua. However, P. malhamensis grown heterotrophically on an organic medium (osmotrophically) in the dark or light was toxic to D. ambigua, killing all experimental animals within five days. Toxicity was not caused by the organic medium since daphnids fed the autotroph Chlamydomonas reinhardi that was grown in the organic medium had high survivorship. Changes in feeding behavior supported the results from the survival studies. Daphnids feeding in suspensions of heterotrophically cultured P. malhamensis exhibited significantly greater food rejection rates than animals fed autotrophically cultured P. malhamensis or C. reinhardi. Differences in the growth rate or biochemical pathways of heterotrophically versus autotrophically grown P. malhamensis likely influenced toxin production. Poterioochromonas may affect zooplankton feeding and behavior in nature if heterotrophic toxin production is comparable between phagotrophic acid osmotrophic nutritional modes. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,INST ECOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP LEEPER, DA (reprint author), SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 42 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU E SCHWEIZERBART'SCHE VERLAGS PI STUTTGART PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0003-9136 J9 ARCH HYDROBIOL JI Arch. Hydrobiol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 134 IS 2 BP 207 EP 222 PG 16 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA RP220 UT WOS:A1995RP22000005 ER PT J AU KONONOV, E WHITE, GJ WIERSMA, GB YEGOROV, V AF KONONOV, E WHITE, GJ WIERSMA, GB YEGOROV, V TI INTERNATIONAL CROSS COMPARISON AND CALIBRATION OF SAMPLING AND ANALYTICAL PROCEDURES IN SUPPORT OF GLOBAL BASE-LINE MONITORING SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NOTHOFAGUS FOREST SITE; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; SOUTHERN CHILE AB dddA joint US-Russian cross calibration study was undertaken in 1989 and 1990. Side-by-side air samples were collected, along with samples of soil, vegetation, and forest litter. These samples were analyzed for a variety of elements in laboratories in the two countries. The results of these cross check analyses are presented in this paper, as well as internal quality assurance results for the laboratories involved. The results indicate that future cooperative international studies will require careful and continuous attention to chemical analyses performed on environmental samples to assure that results are comparable. C1 INST GLOBAL CLIMATE & ECOL,MOSCOW 107258,RUSSIA. IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,CTR ENVIRONM MONITORING & ASSESSMENT,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. UNIV MAINE,COLL NAT RESOURCES FORESTRY & AGR,ORONO,ME 04469. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER VERLAG PI NEW YORK PA 175 FIFTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0090-4341 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 29 IS 2 BP 254 EP 259 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA RG149 UT WOS:A1995RG14900014 ER PT J AU CAMPOS, H ROEDERER, GO LUSSIERCACAN, S DAVIGNON, J KRAUSS, RM AF CAMPOS, H ROEDERER, GO LUSSIERCACAN, S DAVIGNON, J KRAUSS, RM TI PREDOMINANCE OF LARGE LDL AND REDUCED HDL(2) CHOLESTEROL IN NORMOLIPIDEMIC MEN WITH CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE SO ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE; LDL SUBCLASSES; LDL SIZE; VLDL CHOLESTEROL; HDL ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; PARTICLE-SIZE; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; RISK-FACTORS; SUBCLASS PATTERNS; APOLIPOPROTEINS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; HYPERAPOBETALIPOPROTEINEMIA; ASSOCIATION; FRAMINGHAM AB Previous studies have indicated that a predominance of small, dense LDL particles is associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) risk. In the present study we examined the LDL peak particle diameter (determined by lipid-stained 2% to 16% gradient,eel electrophoresis) in 92 normolipidemic men with CAD (total cholesterol < 200 mg/dL and triglyceride < 250 mg/dL) and 92 matched healthy controls. Plasma triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, and apo B levels were similar in subjects with CAD and in control subjects, whereas subjects with CAD had decreased HDL(2) cholesterol levels (mean+/-SEM, 10+/-0.7 compared with 15+/-0.7 mg/dL in control subjects; P < .0002). Mean LDL particle diameter (+/-SEM) was increased in the subjects with CAD compared with control subjects (26.8+/-0.08 and 26.4+/-0.08 nm, respectively; P < .001). The association between large LDL size and CAD was significant (P < .0001) after adjustments were made for age, body mass index, HDL cholesterol levels, and VLDL cholesterol levels. An LDL particle size distribution characterized by a predominance of the largest of three classes of LDL particles (> 26.8 nm) was more prevalent among subjects with CAD (43%) than among control subjects (25%) (P < .002). Among subjects with this LDL size profile, subjects with CAD had significantly higher (P < .05) VLDL triglyceride, VLDL cholesterol, and VLDL apo B levels and significantly lower (P < .0001) HDL(2) cholesterol levels than controls. Thus, in this normolipidemic population with CAD, a predominance of very large rather than small LDL particles was associated with increased VLDL and reduced HDL(2) cholesterol levels and with increased CAD risk, independent of other plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,DONNER LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. CLIN RES INST MONTREAL,HYPERLIPIDEMIA & ATHEROSCLEROSIS RES GRP,MONTREAL,PQ H2W 1R7,CANADA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-33577, HL-18574] NR 39 TC 80 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER HEART ASSOC PI DALLAS PA 7272 GREENVILLE AVENUE, DALLAS, TX 75231-4596 SN 1079-5642 J9 ARTERIOSCL THROM VAS JI Arterioscl. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1043 EP 1048 PG 6 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA RN901 UT WOS:A1995RN90100007 PM 7627694 ER PT J AU DEOLIVEIRACOSTA, A SMOOT, GF AF DEOLIVEIRACOSTA, A SMOOT, GF TI CONSTRAINTS ON THE TOPOLOGY OF THE UNIVERSE FROM THE 2-YEAR COBE DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND; COSMOLOGY, THEORY; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE ID BACKGROUND TEMPERATURE; FLUCTUATIONS; RADIATION AB The cosmic microwave background (CMB) is a unique probe of cosmological parameters and conditions. There is a connection between anisotropy in the CMB and the topology of the universe. Adopting a universe with the topology of a three-torus, or a universe where only harmonics of the fundamental mode are allowed, and using 2 years of COBE/DMR data, we obtain constraints on the topology of the universe. Previous work constrained the topology using the slope information and the correlation function of the CMB. We obtain more accurate results by using all multipole moments, avoiding approximations by computing their full covariance matrix. We obtain the best fit for a cubic toroidal universe of scale 7200 h(-1) Mpc for n = 1. The data set a lower limit on the cell size of 4320 h(-1) Mpc at 95% confidence and 5880 h(-1) Mpc at 68% confidence. These results show that the most probable cell size would be similar to 1.2 times larger than the horizon Scale, implying that the three-torus topology is no longer an interesting cosmological model. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. INST NACL PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS,DIV ASTROPHYS,BR-12227010 S JOSE CAMPOS,SP,BRAZIL. RP DEOLIVEIRACOSTA, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,SPACE SCI LAB,BLDG 50-205,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 22 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 448 IS 2 BP 477 EP 481 DI 10.1086/175977 PN 1 PG 5 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RK722 UT WOS:A1995RK72200001 ER PT J AU LINEWEAVER, CH HANCOCK, S SMOOT, GF LASENBY, AN DAVIES, RD BANDAY, AJ DELACRUZ, CMG WATSON, RA REBOLO, R AF LINEWEAVER, CH HANCOCK, S SMOOT, GF LASENBY, AN DAVIES, RD BANDAY, AJ DELACRUZ, CMG WATSON, RA REBOLO, R TI COMPARISON OF THE COBE DMR AND TENERIFE DATA SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND; COSMOLOGY, OBSERVATIONS; DIFFUSE RADIATION; LARGE-SCALE STRUCTURE OF UNIVERSE ID DIFFERENTIAL MICROWAVE RADIOMETER; 1ST-YEAR MAPS; SKY SURVEY AB We have compared the Tenerife data with the COBE Differential Microwave Radiometer (DMR) 2 year data in the declination +40 degrees region of the sky observed by the Tenerife experiment. Using the Galactic plane signal at similar to 30 GHz we show that the two data sets are cross-calibrated to within 5%. The high Galactic latitude data were investigated for the presence of common structures with the properties of cosmic microwave background (CMB) fluctuations. The most prominent feature in the Tenerife data (Delta T similar to 80 mu K) appears to be present in both the 53 and 90 GHz DMR maps and has the Planckian spectrum expected for CMB anisotropy. The cross-correlation function of the Tenerife and DMR scans is indicative of common structure and at zero lag has the value C(0)(1/2) = 34(-15)(+13) mu K. The combination of the spatial and spectral information from the two data sets is consistent with the presence of cosmic microwave background anisotropies common to both. The probability that noise could produce the observed agreement is less than 5%. C1 MULLARD RADIO ASTRON OBSERV,CAVEVDISH LAB,CAMBRIDGE CB3 0HE,ENGLAND. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR SPACE SCI,CTR PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV MANCHESTER,NUFFIELD RADIO ASTRON LABS,MACCLESFIELD SK11 9DL,CHESHIRE,ENGLAND. NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,GREENBELT,MD 20771. INST ASTROFIS CANARIAS,E-38200 LA LAGUNA,SPAIN. RP LINEWEAVER, CH (reprint author), UNIV STRASBOURG 1,OBSERV ASTRON STRASBOURG,11 RUE UNIV,F-67000 STRASBOURG,FRANCE. NR 15 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 448 IS 2 BP 482 EP 487 DI 10.1086/175978 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RK722 UT WOS:A1995RK72200002 ER PT J AU GLENDENNING, NK AF GLENDENNING, NK TI PROMPT SUBSIDENCE OF A PROTO-NEUTRON STAR INTO A BLACK-HOLE SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE BLACK HOLE PHYSICS; ELEMENTARY PARTICLES; EQUATION OF STATE; STARS, EVOLUTION; STARS, NEUTRON ID QUARK MATTER; SUPERNOVA; CONSEQUENCES; HYPERNUCLEI; ACCRETION; SN-1987A; PULSAR; MASSES; LIMIT AB A newly formed proto-neutron star, prior to the loss of neutrinos, will consist of a charge-neutral mixture of neutrons, protons, electrons, muons, and trapped neutrinos in the lowest energy state available under these circumstances. However, in a few seconds, the neutrino will escape, enabling the interior of the star to find a lower energy. We study two possibilities: (1) A significant number of baryons will, through the weak interaction, convert to hyperons. (2) Hadronic matter may convert to quark matter in the interior where the pressure is high. In either case, the resulting softer equation of state will not support as large a range of stars in either gravitational mass or baryon number. Therefore, beyond the baryon number of either of the above equilibrated sequences there is a significant range of proto-neutron stars that possess no hydrostatically stable configurations after neutrino loss. They will subside into a black hole on the timescale of neutrino loss, similar to 10 s and after the processed material of the presupernova star has been ejected. The uncertainty as to which of the two possibilities for the ground state actually holds is due mainly to the imperfect description available for the quark matter phase of cold charge-neutral baryonic matter. We discuss these mechanisms in connection with the apparent absence of a neutron star in SN 1987A and the possible deficit of neutron star-supernova associations. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,INST NUCL & PARTICLE ASTROPHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP GLENDENNING, NK (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 37 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 448 IS 2 BP 797 EP 802 DI 10.1086/176007 PN 1 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RK722 UT WOS:A1995RK72200031 ER PT J AU POLITANO, M STARRFIELD, S TRURAN, JW WEISS, A SPARKS, WM AF POLITANO, M STARRFIELD, S TRURAN, JW WEISS, A SPARKS, WM TI HYDRODYNAMIC STUDIES OF ACCRETION ONTO MASSIVE WHITE-DWARFS - ONEMG-ENRICHED NOVA OUTBURSTS .1. DEPENDENCE ON WHITE-DWARF MASS SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE ACCRETION, ACCRETION DISKS; HYDRODYNAMICS; NOVAE, CATACLYSMIC VARIABLES; NUCLEAR REACTIONS, NUCLEOSYNTHESIS, ABUNDANCES; WHITE DWARFS ID ULTRAVIOLET SPECTRAL EVOLUTION; ROSSELAND OPACITY TABLES; HEAVY ELEMENT ABUNDANCES; CNO ABUNDANCES; ENHANCED CARBON; RECURRENT NOVAE; HERCULIS 1991; M. MODELS; OXYGEN; POPULATION AB Hydrodynamic studies have been performed of accretion onto 1.00 M., 1.25 M., and 1.35 M. oxygen-neon-magnesium (ONeMg) white dwarfs at a rate of 10(17) g s(-1). The material from the companion star is expected to be of solar composition but is assumed to be mixed with material from the underlying white dwarf during accretion, such that the accumulating envelope material is enriched in oxygen, neon, and magnesium to fifty percent by mass. A new, expanded nuclear reaction network, utilizing up-to-date reaction rates and including 78 nuclei up to Ca-40, has been used in combination with the hydrodynamics for the first time in this study. We again find that the outbursts become more violent as the assumed white dwarf mass is increased. Burning temperatures, nuclear energy generation rates, and ejecta velocities all increase significantly with mass. A peak burning temperature of 356 x 10(6) K is reached in the 1.35 M. sequence, allowing significant nucleosynthesis of intermediate-mass elements to occur. We find that as we increase the white dwarf mass, the abundance of Al-26 decreases (by about a factor of 3 for our range of white dwarf masses), and the abundances of Na-22 and the majority of nuclei in the Si-Ca range increase significantly (by 2 orders of magnitude or greater). Our simulations indicate that nova outbursts which occur on ONeMg white dwarfs having a mass of 1.25 M. or greater produce sufficient amounts of Na-22 such that gamma-rays from the decay of Na-22 should be detectable with the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory, if the nova is nearby (D similar to 1 kpc). Our simulations also confirm that nova outbursts occurring on ONeMg white dwarfs are an important source of Al-26 nuclei in the Galaxy. We further examine whether such outbursts can fully account for the reported similar to 3 M. of Al-26 needed to explain the Galactic 1.809 MeV gamma-ray line emissions. We estimate that a minimum mass of 1.2 M. for ONeMg white dwarfs in binaries is needed in order for nova outbursts to be able to produce the observed similar to 3 M. of Al-26 over the mean lifetime of this nucleus. However, this estimate is based on the particular initial conditions we have chosen for the sequence of models presented in this paper, and on the assumption that the production of cataclysmic variables with ONeMg white dwarfs is not significantly less than that assumed for CO white dwarfs in the same mass range. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT ASTRON & ASTROPHYS,CHICAGO,IL 60637. UNIV CHICAGO,ENRICO FERMI INST,CHICAGO,IL 60637. MAX PLANCK INST PHYS & ASTROPHYS,INST ASTROPHYS,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP POLITANO, M (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. RI Weiss, Achim/C-4870-2013 OI Weiss, Achim/0000-0002-3843-1653 NR 71 TC 118 Z9 118 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 448 IS 2 BP 807 EP 821 DI 10.1086/176009 PN 1 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RK722 UT WOS:A1995RK72200033 ER PT J AU GUZIK, JA COX, AN AF GUZIK, JA COX, AN TI EARLY SOLAR MASS-LOSS, ELEMENT DIFFUSION, AND SOLAR OSCILLATION FREQUENCIES SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE SOLAR WIND; SUN, ABUNDANCES; SUN, EVOLUTION; SUN, INTERIOR; SUN, OSCILLATIONS ID STELLAR ENVELOPES; CONVECTION ZONE; COMPOSITION GRADIENTS; HELIUM DIFFUSION; OPACITY TABLES; MODELS; EQUATION; STATE; SUN; HELIOSEISMOLOGY AB Swenson and Faulkner and Boothroyd, Sackmann, and Fowler investigated the possibility that early main-sequence mass loss via a stronger early solar wind could be responsible for the observed solar lithium and beryllium depletion. This depletion requires a total mass loss of similar to 0.1 M., nearly independent of the mass loss timescale. We calculate the evolution and oscillation frequencies of solar models including diffusion of helium and other elements, with such early solar mass loss. We show that extreme mass loss of 1 M. is easily ruled out by the low-degree p-modes that probe the solar center and sense the steeper molecular weight gradient produced by the early phase of more rapid hydrogen burning. The effects on central structure are much smaller for models with an initial mass of 1.1 M., and exponentially decreasing mass-loss rate with e-folding timescale 0.45 Gyr. While such mass loss slightly worsens the agreement between observed and calculated low-degree modes, the observational uncertainties of several tenths of a microhertz weaken this conclusion. Surprisingly, the intermediate-degree modes with much smaller observational uncertainties that probe the convection zone bottom prove to be the key to discriminating between models: The early mass-loss phase decreases the total amount of helium and heavier elements diffused from the convection zone, and the extent of the diffusion-produced composition gradient just below the convection zone. These changes in the solar composition result in a marked deterioration in the agreement with observed frequencies for the intermediate-degree modes. Mass loss on a timescale substantially longer than 0.2 Gyr appears to be incompatible with observed solar oscillation frequencies. It is significant that this discrimination between models with and without mass loss is possible only when element diffusion is incorporated in the modeling. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET PHYS,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP GUZIK, JA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV APPL THEORET PHYS,X-2 MS B220,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 5720 S WOODLAWN AVE, CHICAGO, IL 60637 SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 448 IS 2 BP 905 EP 914 DI 10.1086/176019 PN 1 PG 10 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RK722 UT WOS:A1995RK72200043 ER PT J AU FENIMORE, EE INTZAND, JJM NORRIS, JP BONNELL, JT NEMIROFF, RJ AF FENIMORE, EE INTZAND, JJM NORRIS, JP BONNELL, JT NEMIROFF, RJ TI GAMMA-RAY BURST PEAK DURATION AS A FUNCTION OF ENERGY SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE GAMMA RAYS, BURSTS AB Gamma-ray burst time histories often consist of many peaks. These peaks tend to be narrower at higher energy. If gamma-ray bursts are cosmological, the energy dependence of gamma-ray burst timescales must be understood in order to correct the timescale dependence due to the expansion of the universe. By using the average autocorrelation function and the average pulse width, we show that the narrowing with energy follows, quite well, a power law. The power-law index is similar to-0.4. This is the first quantitative relationship between temporal and spectral structure in gamma-ray bursts. It is unclear what physics causes this relationship. The average autocorrelation has a universal shape such that one energy range scales linearly with time into all other energy ranges. This shape is approximately the sum of two exponentials. C1 NASA, GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR, GREENBELT, MD 20771 USA. RP FENIMORE, EE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, MS D436, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. OI Nemiroff, Robert/0000-0002-4505-6599 NR 9 TC 190 Z9 195 U1 0 U2 1 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 0004-637X J9 ASTROPHYS J JI Astrophys. J. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 448 IS 2 BP L101 EP L104 PN 2 PG 4 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RK720 UT WOS:A1995RK72000010 ER PT J AU HOFFMAN, FO THIESSEN, KM RAEL, RM AF HOFFMAN, FO THIESSEN, KM RAEL, RM TI COMPARISON OF INTERCEPTION AND INITIAL RETENTION OF WET-DEPOSITED CONTAMINANTS ON LEAVES OF DIFFERENT VEGETATION TYPES SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; INTERCEPTION; RADIOACTIVITY; RAIN; RETENTION; VEGETATION AB Simulated rain containing both soluble radionuclides and insoluble particles labeled with a radionuclide was manually applied to several kinds of vegetation, including a conifer, a broad-leafed tree, and several herbaceous species. The fraction of each radioactive material intercepted and initially retained by the vegetation was determined for each plant type. This fraction was determined both as the mass interception factor, r/Y, and the leaf area interception fraction, LAIF. Mean values of r/Y ranged from 0.16 to 2.9 m(2) kg(-1) and of the LAIF, from 0.011 to 0.16. There was a greater range in mean retention values among radionuclide types than among plant species; the range among plant types tended to be less with the LAIF than the r/Y. Significantly less interception and initial retention was measured for anions than for cations or the insoluble particles. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 4 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 1352-2310 J9 ATMOS ENVIRON JI Atmos. Environ. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 29 IS 15 BP 1771 EP 1775 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RM005 UT WOS:A1995RM00500002 ER PT J AU GOLDBERG, JH SCHRYVER, JC AF GOLDBERG, JH SCHRYVER, JC TI EYE-GAZE-CONTINGENT CONTROL OF THE COMPUTER-INTERFACE - METHODOLOGY AND EXAMPLE FOR ZOOM DETECTION SO BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS INSTRUMENTS & COMPUTERS LA English DT Article ID MOVEMENTS AB Discrimination of user intent at the computer interface solely from eye gaze can provide a powerful tool, benefiting many applications. An exploratory methodology for discriminating zoom-in, zoom-out, and no-zoom intent was developed for such applications as telerobotics, disability aids, weapons systems, and process control interfaces. Using an eye-tracking system, real-time eye-gaze locations on a display are collected. Using off-line procedures, these data are clustered, using minimum spanning tree representations, and then characterized. The cluster characteristics are fed into a multiple linear discriminant analysis, which attempts to discriminate the zoom-in, zoom-out, and no-zoom conditions. The methodologies, algorithms, and experimental data collection procedure are described, followed by example output from the analysis programs. Although developed specifically for the discrimination of zoom conditions, the methodology has broader potential for discrimination of user intent in other interface operations. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP GOLDBERG, JH (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,DEPT IND & MFG ENGN,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 24 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PSYCHONOMIC SOC INC PI AUSTIN PA 1710 FORTVIEW RD, AUSTIN, TX 78704 SN 0743-3808 J9 BEHAV RES METH INSTR JI Behav. Res. Methods Instr. Comput. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 27 IS 3 BP 338 EP 350 DI 10.3758/BF03200428 PG 13 WC Psychology, Mathematical; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology GA RM660 UT WOS:A1995RM66000006 ER PT J AU SAXTON, MJ AF SAXTON, MJ TI SINGLE-PARTICLE TRACKING - EFFECTS OF CORRALS SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID LATTICE-COVERING TIME; LATERAL DIFFUSION; CYTOSKELETAL INTERACTIONS; ERYTHROCYTE-MEMBRANE; NANOVID MICROSCOPY; RANDOM-WALK; MOBILITY; PROTEINS; ASSOCIATION; MOVEMENTS AB Structural proteins of the membrane skeleton are thought to form ''corrals'' at the membrane surface, and these corrals may restrict lateral diffusion of membrane proteins. Recent experimental developments in single-particle tracking and laser trapping make it possible to examine the corral model in detail. Techniques to interpret these experiments are presented. First, escape times for a diffusing particle in a corral are obtained from Monte Carlo calculations and analytical solutions for various corral sizes, shapes, and escape probabilities, and reduced to a common curve. Second, the identification of corrals in tracking experiments is considered. The simplest way to identify corrals is by sight. If the walls are impermeable enough, a trajectory fills the corral before the diffusing particle escapes. The fraction of distinct sites visited before escape is calculated for corrals of various sizes, shapes, and escape probabilities, and reduced to a common curve. This fraction is also a measure of the probability that the diffusing species will react with another species in the corral before escaping. Finally, the effect of the sampling interval on the measurement of the short-range diffusion coefficient is examined. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CHEM BIODYNAM LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP SAXTON, MJ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF DAVIS,INST THEORET DYNAM,DAVIS,CA 95616, USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM38133] NR 54 TC 137 Z9 140 U1 0 U2 11 PU BIOPHYSICAL SOCIETY PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 SN 0006-3495 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 69 IS 2 BP 389 EP 398 PG 10 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA RX251 UT WOS:A1995RX25100010 PM 8527652 ER PT J AU LEE, JW LEE, I LAIBLE, PD OWENS, TG GREENBAUM, E AF LEE, JW LEE, I LAIBLE, PD OWENS, TG GREENBAUM, E TI CHEMICAL PLATINIZATION AND ITS EFFECT ON EXCITATION TRANSFER DYNAMICS AND P700 PHOTOOXIDATION KINETICS IN ISOLATED PHOTOSYSTEM-I SO BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIUM SYNECHOCOCCUS SP; PHOTOELECTROCHEMICAL CELL; PHOTOCATALYTIC MATERIAL; CHARGE SEPARATION; ENERGY-TRANSFER; CORE ANTENNA; CHLOROPLASTS; FLUORESCENCE; CRYSTALLIZATION; DEPENDENCE AB Isolated photosystem I (PSI) reaction center/core antenna complexes (PSI-40) were platinized by reduction of [PtCl6](2-) at 20 degrees C and neutral pH. PSI particles were visualized directly on a gold surface by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) before and after platinization. STM results showed that PSI particles were monomeric and roughly ellipsoidal with major and minor axes of 6 and 5 nm, respectively. Platinization deposited similar to 1000 platinum atoms on each PSI particle and made the average size significantly larger (9 x 7 nm). In addition to direct STM visualization, the presence of metallic platinum on the PSI complexes was detected by its effect of actinic shading and electrostatic shielding on P700 photooxidation and P700(+) reduction. The reaction centers (P700) in both platinized and nonplatinized PSI-40 were photooxidized by light and reduced by ascorbate repeatedly, although at somewhat slower rates in platinized PSI because of the presence of platinum. The effect of platinization on excitation transfer and trapping dynamics was examined by measuring picosecond fluorescence decay kinetics in PSI-40. The fluorescence decay kinetics in both platinized and control samples can be described as a sum of three exponential components. The dominant (amplitude 0.98) and photochemically limited excitation lifetime remained the same (16 ps) before and after platinization. The excitation transfer and trapping in platinized PSI-40 was essentially as efficient as that in the control (without platinization) PSI. The platinization also did not affect the intermediate-lifetime (400-600 ps) and long-lifetime (>2500 ps) components, which likely are related to intrinsic electron transport and to functionally uncoupled chlorophylls, respectively. The amplitudes of these two components were exceptionally small in both of the samples. These results provide direct evidence that although platinization dramatically alters the photocatalytic properties of PSI, it does not alter the intrinsic excitation dynamics and initial electron transfer reactions in PSI. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. CORNELL UNIV, PLANT BIOL SECT, ITHACA, NY 14853 USA. NR 38 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 3 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 0006-3495 EI 1542-0086 J9 BIOPHYS J JI Biophys. J. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 69 IS 2 BP 652 EP 659 PG 8 WC Biophysics SC Biophysics GA RX251 UT WOS:A1995RX25100037 PM 8527679 ER PT J AU RAMSHAW, HS RAO, SS CRITTENDEN, RB PETERS, SO WEIER, HU QUESENBERRY, PJ AF RAMSHAW, HS RAO, SS CRITTENDEN, RB PETERS, SO WEIER, HU QUESENBERRY, PJ TI ENGRAFTMENT OF BONE-MARROW CELLS INTO NORMAL UNPREPARED HOSTS - EFFECTS OF 5-FLUOROURACIL AND CELL-CYCLE STATUS SO BLOOD LA English DT Article ID HEMATOPOIETIC STEM-CELLS; GENE-TRANSFER; MOUSE; MICE; REPOPULATION; EFFICIENCY; RECOVERY; INVIVO AB Bone marrow from animals treated with 5-fluorouracil (5FU) competes equally with normal marrow when assessed in vivo in an irradiated mouse, but shows markedly defective engraftment when transplanted into noncytoablated hosts. Using Southern Blot analysis and a Y-chromosome specific probe, we determined the level of engraftment of male donor cells in the bone marrow, spleen, and thymus of unprepared female hosts. We have confirmed the defective engraftment of marrow harvested 6 days after 5FU (FU-6) and transplanted into unprepared hosts and shown that this defect is transient; by 35 days after 5FU (FU-35), engraftment has returned to levels seen with normal marrow. FU-6 marrow represents an actively cycling population of stem cells, and we hypothesize that the cycle status of the stem cell may relate to its capacity to engraft in the nonirradiated host, Accordingly, we have evaluated the cycle status of engrafting normal and FU-6 marrow into normal hosts using an in vivo hydroxyurea technique. We have shown that those cells engrafting from normal marrow and over 70% of the cells engrafting from FU-6 marrow were quiescent, demonstrating no killing with hydroxyurea. We have also used fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with a Y-chromosome probe and demonstrated that normal and post-5FU engraftment patterns in peripheral blood were similar to those seen in bone marrow, spleen, and thymus. Altogether these data indicate that cells engrafting in normal, unprepared hosts are dormant, and the defect that occurs after 5FU is concomitant with the induction of these cells to transit the cell cycle. (C) 1995 by The American Society of Hematology. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA,DEPT HEMATOL ONCOL,CHARLOTTESVILLE,VA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RAMSHAW, HS (reprint author), UNIV MASSACHUSETTS,MED CTR,CTR CANC,373 PLANTAT ST,SUITE 207,WORCESTER,MA 01605, USA. RI Ramshaw, Hayley/F-3828-2013 FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA27466] NR 42 TC 77 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 86 IS 3 BP 924 EP 929 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA RM450 UT WOS:A1995RM45000011 PM 7620185 ER PT J AU WALTER, WR MAYEDA, KM PATTON, HJ AF WALTER, WR MAYEDA, KM PATTON, HJ TI PHASE AND SPECTRAL RATIO DISCRIMINATION BETWEEN NTS EARTHQUAKES AND EXPLOSIONS .1. EMPIRICAL OBSERVATIONS SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; NEVADA TEST SITE; REGIONAL DISCRIMINATION; SINGLE STATION; MAGNITUDE; ARRAY; YIELD; MB; MS AB Seismic discrimination of small-magnitude (m(b) < 4) nuclear explosions from earthquakes requires short-period (f > 0.5 Hz) regional measurements. In this study we evaluate the most promising short-period discriminants, P-wave to S-wave phase-amplitude ratios and low- to high-frequency spectral-amplitude ratios, for a data set from the Nevada Test Site. The data consist of 130 underground nuclear explosions, one very large chemical explosion, and 50 earthquakes, ranging from magnitude 2 to 6, recorded at two broadband digital seismic stations operated by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. In contrast with much previous discrimination work in the western United States, the common stations and paths for all the events in this study allow the discriminants to be evaluated without applying propagation corrections, and differences between events can be ascribed to very near source effects. The source effects found to have the most influence on the discriminants in this study are depth for the earthquakes, and the source medium properties of gas porosity, density, and velocity for the explosions. The phase-amplitude ratio discriminants tested are P-n/L(g) and P-g/L(g). Both show little dependence on magnitude and work better at higher frequencies and when averaged over the two stations. At 6 to 8 Hz, P-n/L(g) discriminates all except the shallowest earthquakes, while P-g/L(g) discriminates all but the high gas-porosity explosions. Low- to high-frequency spectral-amplitude ratio discriminants were tested in each of the phases P-n, P-g, L(g), and L(g) coda. The explosions show significant dependence on source material properties such as gas porosity. All the spectral ratios show dependence on magnitude and for (1-2 Hz)/(6-8 Hz), none performs well below magnitude 3.5. Of the spectral ratios, L(g)-coda performs the best, at least in part because of its extremely small interstation variability, discriminating all but the low gas-porosity explosions. The best discriminant performance is given by combining phase and spectral ratios, A sum of the logarithmic values of P-n/L(g), P-g/L(g), and the L(g) coda discriminates all but two of the shallowest earthquakes. The source medium dependence of the discriminants suggests that discrimination performance differences between the western United States and other regions of the world may be due more to source property differences than differences in the regional path. Simply put, western United States discriminant studies differ from those in the rest of the world because of the lack of explosions in very high gas-porosity-low velocity materials outside of the Nevada Test Site. RP WALTER, WR (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,L-205,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Walter, William/C-2351-2013 OI Walter, William/0000-0002-0331-0616 NR 39 TC 91 Z9 99 U1 0 U2 7 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 1050 EP 1067 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RT431 UT WOS:A1995RT43100006 ER PT J AU CHAEL, EP LEAHY, PJ CARTER, JA BARSTOW, N POMEROY, PW AF CHAEL, EP LEAHY, PJ CARTER, JA BARSTOW, N POMEROY, PW TI PROPAGATION OF HIGH-FREQUENCY (4- TO 50-HZ) P-WAVES IN THE NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Note ID DISCRIMINATION; NOISE AB We have measured the decay rate of high-frequency (4- to 50-Hz) P waves in the northeastern United States. We analyzed signals from 28 explosions of a 1988 USGS/AFGL/GSC refraction survey recorded at distances between 30 and 400 km. Over this range, the decay rate steadily increases from Delta(-2) at 10 Hz to Delta(-4), 45 Hz. If one assumes geometric spreading of Delta(-13), then the remaining decay is consistent with a nearly frequency-independent Q of about 1000. The results provide a useful parameterization for predicting P-wave spectra at near-regional ranges. C1 SAIC,ARLINGTON,VA 22209. COLUMBIA UNIV,LAMONT DOHERTY EARTH OBSERV,PALISADES,NY 10964. RP CHAEL, EP (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,MS 0655,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI EL CERRITO PA PLAZA PROFESSIONAL BLDG, SUITE 201, EL CERRITO, CA 94530 SN 0037-1106 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 85 IS 4 BP 1244 EP 1248 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RT431 UT WOS:A1995RT43100021 ER PT J AU HARVAT, BL WHARTON, W AF HARVAT, BL WHARTON, W TI SERUM RESPONSE ELEMENT AND FLANKING SEQUENCES MEDIATE THE SYNERGISTIC TRANSCRIPTIONAL ACTIVATION OF C-FOS BY 12-O-TETRADECANOYLPHORBOL-13-ACETATE AND CHOLERA-TOXIN IN AKR-2B CELLS SO CELL GROWTH & DIFFERENTIATION LA English DT Article ID EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR; MESSENGER-RNA DEGRADATION; TERNARY COMPLEX-FORMATION; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; CYCLIC-AMP; POSTTRANSCRIPTIONAL REGULATION; FIREFLY LUCIFERASE; CALCIUM IONOPHORE; ANTISENSE RNA; GENE PROMOTER AB 12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and cholera toxin have been shown previously to act synergistically to stimulate traverse of G(0)-G(1) and entry into S phase in quiescent mouse fibroblasts. These agents also have a synergistic effect on the induction of the endogenous c-fos gene, as well as a transfected reporter construct containing the mouse fos promoter/enhancer region from -397 to +1 cloned upstream of luciferase. A detailed mutational analysis of the c-fos-regulatory region revealed that the synergy between TPA and cholera toxin requires multiple discrete elements, including the binding sites for the serum response factor (-308 to -299), p62/Elk-1 (-316 to -309), bn the 5' side of the serum response element, and a CCAAT or E box-binding protein(s) on the 3'-flanking side of the serum response element (-303 to -295 or -297 to -292, respectively). The putative cyclic AMP response element (-65 to -58), shown to be activated in a number of cell types after increases in cyclic AMP levels, mediated an induction by TPA but not by cholera toxin in AKR-28 cells, and was not required for the synergistic transactivation induced by the combination of TPA and cholera toxin. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. UNIV NEW MEXICO, SCH MED, DEPT PATHOL, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. NR 64 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1044-9523 J9 CELL GROWTH DIFFER JI Cell Growth Differ. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 6 IS 8 BP 955 EP 964 PG 10 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA RN567 UT WOS:A1995RN56700006 PM 8547224 ER PT J AU ALLAN, ML AF ALLAN, ML TI PROBABILITY OF CORROSION INDUCED CRACKING IN REINFORCED-CONCRETE SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID QUASI-BRITTLE STRUCTURES; MODEL AB A probabilistic approach to corrosion induced cracking in reinforced concrete was investigated. Hydraulic pressurization at the reinforcement/concrete interface was used to simulate corrosion of reinforcement and cause fracture. The failure pressure data was analysed statistically and found to have right hand skew. Correlation between failure pressure and visual observations of fracture surfaces suggested a possible change in failure mechanism depending on the presence of voids near the reinforcement. The failure pressure distributions were analysed to determine whether Weibull statistics could provide an adequate description. The effects of variables such as toughness, flaw size, corrosion products and corrosion rate on the shape of failure probability-time relationships were predicted. RP ALLAN, ML (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVAT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Berndt, Marita/D-1901-2014 OI Berndt, Marita/0000-0002-6622-0597 NR 25 TC 15 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1179 EP 1190 DI 10.1016/0008-8846(95)00110-X PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA RL934 UT WOS:A1995RL93400005 ER PT J AU SUGAMA, T CARCIELLO, NR NAYBERG, TM BROTHERS, LE AF SUGAMA, T CARCIELLO, NR NAYBERG, TM BROTHERS, LE TI MULLITE MICROSPHERE-FILLED LIGHTWEIGHT CALCIUM-PHOSPHATE CEMENT SLURRIES FOR GEOTHERMAL WELLS - SETTING AND PROPERTIES SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article AB The chemical factors affecting the setting properties of microsphere-filled lightweight calcium phosphate cement (LCPC) slurries, ranging in density from 1.32 to 1.12 g/cc, at high hydrothermal temperature were investigated. The LCPC slurries consisted of calcium aluminate cement (CAC) as the base reactant, a -(-NaPO3-)-(n) solution as the acid reactant, and mullite-shelled hollow microspheres as the lightweight additive. Two major aspects were studied; one was the importance of the chemical constituents of CAC, and the other was the rate of the hydrothermal reaction between the mullite shell and the Na ions dissociated from -(-NaPO3-)-(n). For the former, the use of CAC having C(2)AS and CA phases as the major chemical components shortened the thickening time of LCPC slurries, whereas CACs with CA, CA(2), and alpha-Al2O3 phase components extended the thickening time. For the hydrothermal reaction, an excess of zeolite X type formed by the uptake of Na by mullite microspheres reduced the thickening time. C1 PROD & DEV TECHNOL,DIV ENERGY RESOURCE,BREA,CA 92621. CTR TECHNOL,HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERV,DUNCAN,OK 73536. RP SUGAMA, T (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT APPL SCI,DIV ENERGY EFFICIENCY & CONSERVAT,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 25 IS 6 BP 1305 EP 1310 DI 10.1016/0008-8846(95)00123-T PG 6 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA RL934 UT WOS:A1995RL93400018 ER PT J AU CHINN, D DUBOW, J LIESS, M JOSOWICZ, M JANATA, J AF CHINN, D DUBOW, J LIESS, M JOSOWICZ, M JANATA, J TI COMPARISON OF CHEMICALLY AND ELECTROCHEMICALLY PREPARED POLYANILINE FILMS .1. ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TO-METAL TRANSITION; ELECTROACTIVE POLYANILINE; NONAQUEOUS SOLUTION; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; HYDROGEN-CYANIDE; RELAXATION; SOLVENT; STATE AB Thin films (< 200 nm) of chemically prepared polyarniline cast from solutions of formic acid and electrochemically prepared polyaniline films grown on top of the chemical films are characterized electrochemically, by work function changes and by conductivity measurements, The oxidized and reduced films exhibit complex relaxation phenomena over time periods ranging from 1 to 900 h. Water is seen to play a key role in relaxation. An explanation of the relaxation phenomenon is suggested as being a change in the ratio of fully doped conducting material to nonconducting material based on a granular morphology. It is shown that the two polymers are nearly identical chemically and in their behavior with differences being mainly morphological. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV UTAH, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA. NR 35 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1504 EP 1509 DI 10.1021/cm00056a016 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA RQ109 UT WOS:A1995RQ10900016 ER PT J AU CHINN, D DUBOW, J LI, J JANATA, J JOSOWICZ, M AF CHINN, D DUBOW, J LI, J JANATA, J JOSOWICZ, M TI COMPARISON OF CHEMICALLY AND ELECTROCHEMICALLY PREPARED POLYANILINE FILMS .2. OPTICAL-PROPERTIES SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL-SPECTRA; EMERALDINE BASE; PROTONATION; STATE; TRANSITION; OXIDATION; SPECTROSCOPY; METAL AB Relaxation phenomena in thin polyaniline films synthesized chemically and electrochemically are investigated by UV-vis and IR spectroscopy. It is shown that the relaxation process carried out from the electrochemically oxidized or electrochemically reduced states of the polyaniline always proceeds toward the emeraldine state. The relaxation process in acid is governed by disproportionation and formation of semiquinone radicals. The changes in the population density of the polaronic states within the polaronic band allows determination of the change in the oxidation state and consequently the change in the position of the Fermi energy level. The formation of polaronic states is ascertained by diffusion of ions from or into the polyaniline matrix in solution and within the polymer in air. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, CTR MAT & CHEM SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV UTAH, DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN, SALT LAKE CITY, UT 84112 USA. NR 39 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1510 EP 1518 DI 10.1021/cm00056a017 PG 9 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA RQ109 UT WOS:A1995RQ10900017 ER PT J AU YOW, JL AINES, RD NEWMARK, RL AF YOW, JL AINES, RD NEWMARK, RL TI DEMOLISHING NAPLS SO CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB In its first field test, dynamic underground stripping succeeded in remediating a large-scale underground gasoline leak at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, Calif. The method, which combines a mix of thermally enhanced extraction method's, could provide a quick, cost-effective way to clean up soil contaminated with non-aqueous-phase liquids. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY ENVIRONM RESTORAT CTR,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP YOW, JL (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,ENVIRONM TECHNOL PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. RI Aines, Roger/A-2013-2013 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0885-7024 J9 CIVIL ENG JI Civil Eng. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 65 IS 8 BP 57 EP 59 PG 3 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA RM835 UT WOS:A1995RM83500027 ER PT J AU CLEMENS, NT PAUL, PH AF CLEMENS, NT PAUL, PH TI EFFECTS OF HEAT RELEASE ON THE NEAR-FIELD FLOW STRUCTURE OF HYDROGEN JET DIFFUSION FLAMES SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID TURBULENT MIXING LAYERS; SHEAR-LAYER; CHEMICAL-REACTION; INSTABILITY; COMBUSTION AB An experimental investigation was conducted on the effects of heat release on the near field flow structure of co-flowing hydrogen/inert gas turbulent jet diffusion flames. The reaction zones were imaged using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) of the OH radical, while the jet fluid was visualized using LIF of acetone vapor seeded into the fuel stream. Both reacting and nonreacting conditions were studied at jet Reynolds numbers ranging from 2,500 to 50,000. The fuel jet was diluted with nitrogen or helium in order to study the effect of diluent mass fraction and jet/co-flow density ratio. In agreement with previous investigations, organized vortical structures were observed in the near held of the jet for both the reacting and nonreacting conditions. For all of the Reynolds numbers and dilution levels considered, the flame was characterized by a thin reaction zone which was located outside of the turbulent regions and was not severely perturbed by the vortical structures. The proximity of the reaction zone to the turbulence varied depending on the diluent fraction and diluent molecular weight. Evidence is provided that the well documented lengthening of the potential core under reacting conditions is primarily due to the density ratio which reduces the growth rate of the jet shear layer. Furthermore, the best indicator of the degree of shear layer/flame interaction was found to be the density ratio, not the stoichiometric mixture fraction. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, COMBUST RES FACIL, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP CLEMENS, NT (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS, DEPT AEROSP ENGN & ENGN MECH, AUSTIN, TX 78712 USA. NR 39 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 3 BP 271 EP 284 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(94)00277-Y PG 14 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA RM136 UT WOS:A1995RM13600004 ER PT J AU MAHALINGAM, S CHEN, JH VERVISCH, L AF MAHALINGAM, S CHEN, JH VERVISCH, L TI FINITE-RATE CHEMISTRY AND TRANSIENT EFFECTS IN DIRECT NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF TURBULENT NONPREMIXED FLAMES SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article ID COUNTERFLOW DIFFUSION FLAMES; DILUTED METHANE; EXTINCTION; AIR AB Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) of turbulent nonpremixed flames including finite-rate chemistry and heat release effects were performed. Two chemical reaction models were considered: (1) a single-step global reaction model in which the heat release and activation energy parameters are typical of combustion applications, and (2) a two-step reaction model to simulate radical production and consumption and to compare against the single-step model. The model problem consists of the interaction between an initially unstrained laminar diffusion flame and a three-dimensional held of homogeneous turbulence. Conditions ranging from fast chemistry to the pure mixing limit were studied by varying a global Damkohler number. Results suggest that turbulence-induced mixing acting along the stoichiometric line leads to a strong modification of the inner structure of the turbulent flame compared with a laminar strained flame, resulting in intermediate species concentrations well above the laminar prediction. This result is consistent with experimental observations. Comparison of the response of the turbulent flame structure due to changes in the scalar dissipation rate with a steady strained laminar flame reveals that unsteady strain rates experienced by the turbulent flame may be responsible for the observed high concentrations of reaction intermediates. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV COLORADO,CTR COMBUST RES,DEPT MECH ENGN,BOULDER,CO 80309. INSA,CORIA,MECAN FLUIDES NUMER LAB,CNRS,URA 230,ROUEN,FRANCE. OI Mahalingam, Shankar/0000-0002-4543-7201 NR 25 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE PUBL CO INC PI NEW YORK PA 655 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10010 SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 3 BP 285 EP 297 DI 10.1016/0010-2180(94)00281-V PG 13 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA RM136 UT WOS:A1995RM13600005 ER PT J AU CHEN, AM LUCAS, JN HILL, FS BRENNER, DJ SACHS, RK AF CHEN, AM LUCAS, JN HILL, FS BRENNER, DJ SACHS, RK TI CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS PRODUCED BY IONIZING-RADIATION - MONTE-CARLO SIMULATIONS AND CHROMOSOME PAINTING DATA SO COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN THE BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; HUMAN FIBROBLASTS; HUMAN-LYMPHOCYTES; DNA DAMAGE; TRANSLOCATIONS; DICENTRICS; METAPHASE; LIBRARIES; FREQUENCY AB Monte Carlo simulations are used to analyze the reshuffling of chromosome segments which occurs when DNA is damaged by ionizing radiation. Programs are based on either Sax's classic breakage-and-reunion model or Revell's exchange model for chromosome aberrations. The simulations quantify the predictions of the two models in complete detail, using only one adjustable parameter which corresponds to total radiation dose. While testing subroutines, new analytic results on the chromosome/arm/break method of classifying aberrations were obtained. The model predictions were tested by using three-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) 'chromosome painting' on human lymphocyte cells irradiated with gamma-rays. Some of the per-cell aberration frequencies were observed to be intermediate between the predictions of the two models. This result indicates proximity 'effects', due to localization of chromosome interactions in space and time. Predictions based on chromosome arm lengths were found to be in good agreement with experiment. Monte Carlo simulations are a powerful, flexible way to compare models of chromosome aberration production with experiments quantitatively, using a minimum of theoretical presumptions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. COLUMBIA UNIV,CTR RADIOL RES,NEW YORK,NY 10032. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0266-7061 J9 COMPUT APPL BIOSCI JI Comput. Appl. Biosci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 11 IS 4 BP 389 EP 397 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA RT934 UT WOS:A1995RT93400006 PM 8521048 ER PT J AU ERMOLAEVA, OD WAGNER, MC AF ERMOLAEVA, OD WAGNER, MC TI SUBTRACT - A COMPUTER-PROGRAM FOR MODELING THE PROCESS OF SUBTRACTIVE HYBRIDIZATION SO COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN THE BIOSCIENCES LA English DT Article AB We report on a new software tool, SUBTRACT, which allows the analysis of the possible strategies for an experiment based on a mathematical model of subtractive hybridization. The program helps the experimenter choose the optimal strategy and conditions for performing the reaction. The program allows the modeling of cDNA and genomic subtraction for different types of target DNA. SUBTRACT offers a friendly interface for the investigation of the dynamics of the process of subtractive hybridization, and for modifying different parameters and initial conditions. SUBTRACT allows the user to plot the values of interesting quantities as a function of the reaction time. The program runs under the Unix operating system on Sun-compatible computers. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ERMOLAEVA, OD (reprint author), RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,SHEMYAKIN OVCHINNIKOV INST BIOORGAN CHEM,16-10 MIKLUKHO MAKLAYA,MOSCOW 117871,RUSSIA. NR 7 TC 6 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS UNITED KINGDOM PI OXFORD PA WALTON ST JOURNALS DEPT, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX2 6DP SN 0266-7061 J9 COMPUT APPL BIOSCI JI Comput. Appl. Biosci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 11 IS 4 BP 457 EP 461 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA RT934 UT WOS:A1995RT93400014 PM 8521056 ER PT J AU KOTSCHENREUTHER, M REWOLDT, G TANG, WM AF KOTSCHENREUTHER, M REWOLDT, G TANG, WM TI COMPARISON OF INITIAL-VALUE AND EIGENVALUE CODES FOR KINETIC TOROIDAL PLASMA INSTABILITIES SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID BALLOONING MODES AB In plasma physics, linear instability calculations can be implemented either as initial value calculations or as eigenvalue calculations. Here, comparisons between comprehensive linear gyrokinetic calculations employing the ballooning formalism for high-n (toroidal mode number) toroidal instabilities are described. One code implements an initial value calculation on a grid using a Lorentz collision operator and the other implements an eigenvalue calculation with basis functions using a Krook collision operator. An electrostatic test case with artificial parameters for the toroidal drift mode destabilized by the combined effects of trapped particles and an ion temperature gradient has been carefully analyzed both in the collisionless limit and with varying collisionality. Good agreement is found. Results from applied studies using parameters from the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) experiment are also compared. C1 UNIV TEXAS,INST FUS STUDIES,AUSTIN,TX 78712. PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. NR 10 TC 366 Z9 366 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 128 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00035-E PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RN420 UT WOS:A1995RN42000003 ER PT J AU KNOLL, DA MCHUGH, PR AF KNOLL, DA MCHUGH, PR TI NEWTON-KRYLOV METHODS APPLIED TO A SYSTEM OF CONVECTION-DIFFUSION-REACTION EQUATIONS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID NONSYMMETRIC LINEAR-SYSTEMS; FULLY IMPLICIT; FLUID CODE; PLASMAS AB We study the application of Newton-Krylov methods for the steady-state solution of the tokamak edge plasma fluid equations. This highly nonlinear system of two-dimensional convection-difusion-reaction partial differential equations describes the boundary layer of a tokamak fusion reactor, These equations are characterized by multiple time and spatial scales. We use Newton's method to linearize the nonlinear system of equations resulting from the implicit, finite volume discretization of the governing partial differential equations. The resulting linear systems are neither symmetric nor positive definite, and are poorly conditioned. A variety of preconditioned Krylov iterative techniques are employed to solve these linear systems, and we investigate both standard and matrix-free implementations. A number of pseudo-transient continuation methods are investigated to increase the radius of convergence. While this system of equations describes a specific application, the general algorithm should benefit other applications requiring the solution of general reacting flow type equations. RP KNOLL, DA (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 141 EP 160 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00062-K PG 20 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RN420 UT WOS:A1995RN42000004 ER PT J AU STECKLER, R HU, WP LIU, YP LYNCH, GC GARRETT, BC ISAACSON, AD MELISSAS, VS LU, DH TRUONG, TN SACHCHIDA, NR HANCOCK, GC LAUDERDALE, JG JOSEPH, T TRUHLAR, DG AF STECKLER, R HU, WP LIU, YP LYNCH, GC GARRETT, BC ISAACSON, AD MELISSAS, VS LU, DH TRUONG, TN SACHCHIDA, NR HANCOCK, GC LAUDERDALE, JG JOSEPH, T TRUHLAR, DG TI POLYRATE-6.5 - A NEW VERSION OF A COMPUTER-PROGRAM FOR THE CALCULATION OF CHEMICAL-REACTION RATES FOR POLYATOMICS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE CHEMICAL REACTION RATES; ACTIVATION ENERGY; STATIONARY-POINT ANALYSIS; REACTION PATH; VARIATIONAL TRANSITION STATE THEORY; SMALL-CURVATURE TUNNELING; LARGE-CURVATURE TUNNELING; KINETICS; SURFACE SCIENCE AB POLYRATE is a computer program for the calculation of chemical reaction rates of polyatomic species (and also atoms and diatoms as special cases), Version 1.1 was submitted to the CPC Program Library in 1987, and version 4.0.1 was submitted in 1992, Since that time many new capabilities have been added, old ones have been improved, and the code has been made more portable and user-friendly, resulting in the present improved version 6.5. The methods used are variational or conventional transition state theory and multidimensional semiclassical adiabatic and large-curvature approximations for tunneling and nonclassical reflection, Rate constants may be calculated for canonical or microcanonical ensembles or for specific vibrational states of selected modes with translational, rotational, and other vibrational modes treated thermally. Bimolecular and unimolecular reactions and gas-phase, solid-state, and gas-solid interface reactions are all included, Potential energy surfaces may be global analytic functions or implicit functions defined by interpolation from input energies, gradients, and force constants (Hessian matrices) at selected points on a reaction path. The data needed for the dynamics calculations may also be calculated from a global potential energy surface with more accurate calculations at stationary points. The program calculates reaction paths by the Euler, Euler stabilization, or Page-McIver methods. Variational transition states are optimized from among a one-parameter sequence of generalized transition states orthogonal to the reaction path. Tunneling probabilities are calculated by numerical quadrature, using either the centrifugal-dominant-small-curvature approximation, the large-curvature-version-3 approximation, and/or optimized multidimensional tunneling approximations. In the large-curvature case the tunneling probabilities may be summed over final vibrational states for exoergic reactions or initial vibrational states for endoergic reactions. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CHEM, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. UNIV MINNESOTA, INST SUPERCOMP, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. MIAMI UNIV, DEPT CHEM, OXFORD, OH 45056 USA. RP STECKLER, R (reprint author), SAN DIEGO SUPERCOMP CTR, POB 85608, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Truhlar, Donald/G-7076-2015 OI Truhlar, Donald/0000-0002-7742-7294 NR 7 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 341 EP 343 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00037-G PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RN420 UT WOS:A1995RN42000017 ER PT J AU HU, WP LYNCH, GC LIU, YP ROSSI, I STEWART, JJP STECKLER, R GARRETT, BC ISAACSON, AD LU, DH MELISSAS, VS TRUHLAR, DG AF HU, WP LYNCH, GC LIU, YP ROSSI, I STEWART, JJP STECKLER, R GARRETT, BC ISAACSON, AD LU, DH MELISSAS, VS TRUHLAR, DG TI MORATE-6.5 - A NEW VERSION OF A COMPUTER-PROGRAM FOR DIRECT DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS OF CHEMICAL-REACTION RATE CONSTANTS SO COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE CHEMICAL REACTION RATES; ACTIVATION ENERGY; STATIONARY POINT ANALYSIS; REACTION PATH; TRANSITION STATE THEORY; TUNNELING; KINETICS; DIRECT DYNAMICS; MOLECULAR ORBITAL THEORY ID TRANSITION-STATE THEORY; GROUND-STATES; PARAMETERS; MOLECULES AB MORATE (Molecular Orbital RATE calculations) is a computer program for direct dynamics calculations of unimolecular and bimolecular rate constants of gas-phase chemical reactions involving atoms, diatoms, or polyatomic species. The dynamical methods used are conventional or variational transition state theory and multidimensional semiclassical approximations for tunneling and nonclassical reflection. Variational transition states are found by a one-dimensional search of generalized-transition-state dividing surfaces perpendicular to the minimum-energy path, and tunneling probabilities are evaluated by multidimensional semiclassical algorithms, including the small-curvature and large-curvature tunneling approximations and the microcanonical optimized multidimensional tunneling approximation, The computer program is a conveniently interfaced package consisting of the POLYRATE program, version 6.5, for dynamical rate constant calculations, and the MOPAC program, version 5.05mn, for semiempirical electronic structure computations. In single-level mode, the potential energies, gradients, and higher derivatives of the potential are computed whenever needed by electronic structure calculations employing semiempirical molecular orbital theory without the intermediary of a global or semiglobal fit. All semiempirical methods available in MOPAC, in particular MIND0/3, MNDO, AM1, and PM3, can be called on to calculate the potential, gradient, or Hessian, as required at various steps of the dynamics calculations, and, in addition, the code has flexible options for electronic structure calculations with neglect of diatomic differential overlap and specific reaction parameters (NDDO-SRP). In dual-level mode, MIND0/3, MNDO, AMI, PM3, or NDDO-SRP is used as a lower level to calculate the reaction path, and interpolated corrections to energies and frequencies are added; these corrections are based on higher-level data read from an external file. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA, INST SUPERCOMP, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. STEWART COMPUTAT CHEM, COLORADO SPRINGS, CO 80921 USA. SAN DIEGO SUPERCOMP CTR, SAN DIEGO, CA 92186 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. MIAMI UNIV, DEPT CHEM, OXFORD, OH 45056 USA. RP HU, WP (reprint author), UNIV MINNESOTA, DEPT CHEM, MINNEAPOLIS, MN 55455 USA. RI Garrett, Bruce/F-8516-2011; Truhlar, Donald/G-7076-2015 OI Truhlar, Donald/0000-0002-7742-7294 NR 12 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0010-4655 J9 COMPUT PHYS COMMUN JI Comput. Phys. Commun. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 344 EP 346 DI 10.1016/0010-4655(95)00038-H PG 3 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RN420 UT WOS:A1995RN42000018 ER PT J AU LEE, CY BASTACKY, J AF LEE, CY BASTACKY, J TI COMPARATIVE MATHEMATICAL ANALYSES OF FREEZING IN LUNG AND SOLID TISSUE SO CRYOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRYOSURGERY; MECHANISM AB In contrast to most organs of the body, the lung is composed 80% of air and 20% of tissue. Because freezing of the lung is fundamental to cryomicroscopy, cryopreservation, and cryosurgery, mathematical analyses of freezing in lung and solid tissue were performed to determine differences in freezing behavior resulting from differences in tissue composition. A comparison of the cooling rates of these tissues is presented. At the microscopic level ultrarapid solidification is more rapid in the subpleural region of the lung than in the same region of solid tissue. In this region, the air insulates the lung tissue and prevents transfer of heat from surrounding regions. Cooling rates on the order of 10(6) K/s can be achieved in the pleura and outermost alveolar wall because their aggregate thickness is less than 5 mu m in the rat. At the macroscopic level and after steady-state freezing has occurred, one-dimensional analyses show that freezing front propagation in the lung and solid tissue differs by less than 10%. This occurs even though the lung is less conductive than solid tissue; however, by having less heat storage capacity, the thermal diffusive property of lung is similar to that of solid tissue. (C) 1995 Academic Press,Inc. RP LEE, CY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL52161, HL45021] NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0011-2240 J9 CRYOBIOLOGY JI Cryobiology PD AUG PY 1995 VL 32 IS 4 BP 299 EP 305 DI 10.1006/cryo.1995.1029 PG 7 WC Biology; Physiology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Physiology GA RL366 UT WOS:A1995RL36600001 PM 7656563 ER PT J AU KRAUSS, RM KESANIEMI, YA AF KRAUSS, RM KESANIEMI, YA TI DYSLIPIDEMIC SYNDROMES AND ATHEROSCLEROSIS - RECENT ADVANCES AND CHALLENGES FOR THE FUTURE SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; MEN C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT MOLEC & NUCL MED,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV OULU,DEPT INTERNAL MED,SF-90220 OULU,FINLAND. UNIV OULU,BIOCTR,OULU,FINLAND. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0957-9672 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD AUG PY 1995 VL 6 IS 4 BP 187 EP 189 PG 3 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA RF937 UT WOS:A1995RF93700001 ER PT J AU TRIBBLE, DL AF TRIBBLE, DL TI LIPOPROTEIN OXIDATION IN DYSLIPIDEMIA - INSIGHTS INTO GENERAL MECHANISMS AFFECTING LIPOPROTEIN OXIDATIVE BEHAVIOR SO CURRENT OPINION IN LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review ID LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; VITAMIN-E; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; INVITRO OXIDATION; CHOLESTERYL ESTER; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIC PATIENTS; UNESTERIFIED CHOLESTEROL; ENHANCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; INDEPENDENT OXIDATION AB Atherosclerosis susceptibility associated with elevations in specific populations of apolipoprotein-B-containing particles may involve increased oxidation of lipoproteins and associated changes in their biological properties. Lipoprotein oxidation may be potentiated by the greater mass of oxidizable lipoprotein substrates, as well as by a greater intrinsic susceptibility of the specific forms of lipoproteins that arise in these disorders. The atherogenic consequences of increased lipoprotein oxidation may be further enhanced by a greater relative potency or toxicity of the oxidized products of these lipoprotein subpopulations. This review addresses these facets of lipoprotein oxidation in several forms of dyslipidemia, and in view of both differences between and commonalities among these disorders, proposes that lipoprotein oxidative behavior is determined by a complex array of physical, chemical, and metabolic factors. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT MOLEC & NUCL MED,DIV LIFE SCI,BERKELEY,CA. NR 100 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU RAPID SCIENCE PUBLISHERS PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8NH SN 0957-9672 J9 CURR OPIN LIPIDOL JI Curr. Opin. Lipidology PD AUG PY 1995 VL 6 IS 4 BP 196 EP 208 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA RF937 UT WOS:A1995RF93700003 PM 7670748 ER PT J AU SZOLLOSI, J LOCKETT, SJ BALAZS, M WALDMAN, FM AF SZOLLOSI, J LOCKETT, SJ BALAZS, M WALDMAN, FM TI AUTOFLUORESCENCE CORRECTION FOR FLUORESCENCE IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION SO CYTOMETRY LA English DT Note DE AUTOFLUORESCENCE; CENTROMERIC PROBES; ERBB-2; IMAGE ANALYSIS ID BACKGROUND AUTOFLUORESCENCE; CELL AUTOFLUORESCENCE; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; CANCER; AMPLIFICATION; LASER AB Optimal sensitivity of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) requires bright signals and low background fluorescence. Use of locus-specific probes is especially dependent on high sensitivity. Some tissue preparations show high autofluorescence, masking small or dim signals. We have developed a new method for subtracting autofluorescence from digital images on a pixel-by-pixel basis. It is based on the observation that fluorescent labels for FISH have narrower excitation and emission spectra than the chemical components responsible for autofluorescence. Our new approach uses calculation of the ratio of autofluorescence between multiple color images for correction of autofluorescence in each individual image. By subtracting autofluorescence components, we were able to enhance centromeric signals and make previously indistinguishable cosmid signals clearly visible. This image-processing approach to autofluorescence correction may widen the applicability of gene-specific probes in FISH analysis of tumor material. (C) 1995 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO,DEPT LAB MED,DIV MOLEC CYTOMETRY,SAN FRANCISCO,CA 94143. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-44768, CA-47537, CA-49056] NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI NEW YORK PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0196-4763 J9 CYTOMETRY JI Cytometry PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 20 IS 4 BP 356 EP 361 DI 10.1002/cyto.990200412 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA RM540 UT WOS:A1995RM54000011 PM 7587724 ER PT J AU PEARSON, SM TURNER, MG WALLACE, LL ROMME, WH AF PEARSON, SM TURNER, MG WALLACE, LL ROMME, WH TI WINTER HABITAT USE BY LARGE UNGULATES FOLLOWING FIRE IN NORTHERN YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE BISON BISON; CERVUS ELAPHUS; FIRE; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; NORTHERN ROCKY MOUNTAINS; SCALE; WINTER FORAGING; YELLOWSTONE NATIONAL PARK ID ROCKY-MOUNTAIN ELK; LARGE MAMMALS; BISON; ECOLOGY; SELECTION; PATTERNS; FOREST; DIETS AB The effect of fire and habitat heterogeneity on winter foraging by ungulates was studied in northern Yellowstone National Park (YNP). Grazing was monitored at 15 study sites for 14 wk during the winters of 1991 and 1992. The location and intensity of grazing activity within each site were recorded on topographic maps and digitized into a geographic information system. Maps of grazing intensity were compared to map layers of grassland habitat type, elevation, slope, aspect, annual precipitation, and the spatial pattern of fires that occurred in 1988. Burned areas were used by ungulates more often than expected based on their availability, especially during mid- to late winter, but the spatial pattern of burned areas (i.e., fragmented or clumped) was not related to grazing intensity. Ungulate grazing, as measured by minimum cumulative grazing intensity (MCGI), was greatest at low-elevation drier sites across the northern range and on steep southerly slopes. The influence of environmental characteristics on MCGI was evaluated at four spatial scales (1, 9, 81, and 255 ha). Grazing intensity was best predicted by environmental heterogeneity, especially the presence of burned areas, and topography (slope and aspect), at broader scales (81 and 255 ha) rather than on a per-hectare basis. The explanatory power of broad-scale features suggests that wintering ungulates in YNP respond strongly to coarse-grained variation in these landscapes. Interpreting or predicting ungulate grazing at a specific location requires understanding of environmental heterogeneity in the surrounding landscape. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV OKLAHOMA,DEPT BOT & MICROBIOL,NORMAN,OK 73019. FT LEWIS COLL,DEPT BIOL,DURANGO,CO 81301. RI Turner, Monica/B-2099-2010; Romme, William/C-7317-2016 NR 61 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 3 U2 28 PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI TEMPE PA ARIZONA STATE UNIV CENTER ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES, TEMPE, AZ 85287 SN 1051-0761 J9 ECOL APPL JI Ecol. Appl. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 5 IS 3 BP 744 EP 755 DI 10.2307/1941982 PG 12 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RM902 UT WOS:A1995RM90200018 ER PT J AU BINGHAM, G BISHOP, R BRODY, M BROMLEY, D CLARK, E COOPER, W COSTANZA, R HALE, T HAYDEN, G KELLERT, S NORGAARD, R NORTON, B PAYNE, J RUSSELL, C SUTER, G AF BINGHAM, G BISHOP, R BRODY, M BROMLEY, D CLARK, E COOPER, W COSTANZA, R HALE, T HAYDEN, G KELLERT, S NORGAARD, R NORTON, B PAYNE, J RUSSELL, C SUTER, G TI ISSUES IN ECOSYSTEM VALUATION - IMPROVING INFORMATION FOR DECISION-MAKING SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Article DE ECOSYSTEM VALUATION; DECISION MAKERS AB In Spring 1991, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency convened an expert group of ecologists, economists and other social scientists for the purpose of advancing the stare of the art of ecosystem valuation methods. This Ecosystem Valuation Forum was organized as a dialogue because it has been clear from the outset that agreement even on the meaning of the term ''ecosystem valuation'' could not be taken for granted, Individuals from diverse disciplines, and from industry, environmental groups and government agencies disagree about what information about ecosystem services is needed, how it should be used and, therefore, what would constitute an advance in the methods that analysts should employ. The Forum discussed the varied ways in which experts from different disciplines approach valuation, what ecosystem attributes or services are important to value, and the factors that complicate the task of assigning values to ecosystem attributes. The Forum placed particular importance on approaching the problem of ecosystem valuation from the perspective of decision makers. Therefore, members discussed the variety of decision makers who might need valuation information, the controversy over where balancing decisions about costs and benefits should be made, and the implications for what information is needed within different institutional constraints. In addition, agency decision makers operate under real time and resource constraints. Thus, the Forum discussed the need to develop protocols that would guide analysts in a search for decisive information. The Forum concluded that the time is ripe for making new progress in solving some of these problems, while acknowledging that it may not be possible to develop a single unifying definition of value, Instead, the goal would be to understand how various concepts of value are structured, how they relate to each other, and how they can guide us toward a more integrated valuation process. The Forum recommended that next steps in addressing these issues be organized around case studies, particularly those that would enable researchers to improve linkages between ecological and economic methods and to develop improved protocols for valuation studies. C1 US EPA,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. RESOLVE,WASHINGTON,DC. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI. DELAWARE DEPT NAT RESOURCES,DOVER,DE. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV,E LANSING,MI 48824. UNIV MARYLAND,SOLOMONS,MD. UNIV NEBRASKA,LINCOLN,NE. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,BERKELEY,CA 94720. GEORGIA INST TECHNOL,ATLANTA,GA 30332. DUKE UNIV,DURHAM,NC. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN. RI Costanza, Robert/A-4912-2008 OI Costanza, Robert/0000-0001-6348-8734 NR 5 TC 93 Z9 118 U1 5 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 14 IS 2 BP 73 EP 90 DI 10.1016/0921-8009(95)00021-Z PG 18 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA RV909 UT WOS:A1995RV90900002 ER PT J AU SUTER, GW AF SUTER, GW TI ADAPTING ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM VALUATION SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS LA English DT Editorial Material DE ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT; ECOSYSTEM VALUATION AB The quality of ecosystem valuations is only as good as the estimates of the changes in ecosystem condition generated by the ecological assessment. In general, predictive ecological assessments have produced vague qualitative results or have not addressed sufficient spatial or temporal scales to allow economists to assign monetary values to the predicted effects. The development of ecological risk assessment promises to address that problem. In the interim, ecologists and economists should avoid the problem of not being able to precisely predict ecological effects by using retrospective assessments to develop the interface between their sciences. By attempting to assign monetary values to the measurable changes in the condition of ecosystems that have been exposed to contamination or disturbance, they can focus on the conceptual issues of assigning an economic metric to properties for which there is no market, but which clearly have value. RP SUTER, GW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8009 J9 ECOL ECON JI Ecol. Econ. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 14 IS 2 BP 137 EP 141 DI 10.1016/0921-8009(95)00025-5 PG 5 WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics GA RV909 UT WOS:A1995RV90900007 ER PT J AU BROWN, MA BERRY, LG AF BROWN, MA BERRY, LG TI DETERMINANTS OF PROGRAM EFFECTIVENESS - RESULTS OF THE NATIONAL WEATHERIZATION EVALUATION SO ENERGY LA English DT Article AB The findings of a national evaluation of the U.S. Department of Energy's low-income Weatherization Assistance Program (''Program'') are used to explain variations in Program effectiveness. Overall, the Program was found to be a cost-effective federal investment. However, local weatherization agencies vary greatly in the effectiveness of their operations, and the energy saved by individual dwellings ranges widely. By applying four different analytic approaches, we identify several determinants of high energy savings, including the following: weatherizing high energy users; installing attic, wall, and floor insulation; insulating water heaters, installing low-flow showerheads, and reducing hot water temperatures; curing distribution system problems; and replacing inefficient heating systems. The installation of storm windows and doors, on the other hand, generally is associated with inferior savings. This paper demonstrates the value of using alternative but complementary qualitative and quantitative methods to identify determinants of Program effectiveness. RP BROWN, MA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 8 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0360-5442 J9 ENERGY JI Energy PD AUG PY 1995 VL 20 IS 8 BP 729 EP 743 DI 10.1016/0360-5442(95)00027-E PG 15 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels GA RK363 UT WOS:A1995RK36300004 ER PT J AU SCOTT, MJ DAGLE, JE GAUSTAD, KL PLACET, M ROOP, JM SCHIENBEIN, LA ULIBARRI, CA AF SCOTT, MJ DAGLE, JE GAUSTAD, KL PLACET, M ROOP, JM SCHIENBEIN, LA ULIBARRI, CA TI DARK AFTER CHERNOBYL - CLOSING FORMER SOVIET POWER-REACTORS SO ENERGY POLICY LA English DT Article DE ELECTRICITY DEMAND AND SUPPLY; FORMER SOVIET UNION; NUCLEAR POWER AB International pressure to close some of the old nuclear reactors built by the former Soviet Union (FSU) has accelerated in the period since that country's dissolution, This pressure has been countered, however, by the argument that resulting electricity shortfalls would hasten ongoing social and economic dislocations. Under feasible economic scenarios, this paper identifies which regions would likely experience electricity supply shortfalls, outlines what adjustments in electricity transfers between regions could offset the shortfalls, and estimates the implied costs and schedules of related power plant and transmission construction projects, Costs of closure range from less than US$1 billion to as much as US$16 billion. RP SCOTT, MJ (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999,MAIL STOP K8-03, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BUTTERWORTH-HEINEMANN LTD PI OXFORD PA LINACRE HOUSE JORDAN HILL, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND OX2 8DP SN 0301-4215 J9 ENERG POLICY JI Energy Policy PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 8 BP 703 EP 717 DI 10.1016/0301-4215(95)00052-K PG 15 WC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TA625 UT WOS:A1995TA62500007 ER PT J AU TSCHANTZ, MF BOWMAN, JP DONALDSON, TL BIENKOWSKI, PR STRONGGUNDERSON, JM PALUMBO, AV HERBES, SE SAYLER, GS AF TSCHANTZ, MF BOWMAN, JP DONALDSON, TL BIENKOWSKI, PR STRONGGUNDERSON, JM PALUMBO, AV HERBES, SE SAYLER, GS TI METHANOTROPHIC TCE BIODEGRADATION IN A MULTISTAGE BIOREACTOR SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METHYLOSINUS-TRICHOSPORIUM OB3B; SOLUBLE METHANE MONOOXYGENASE; CHLORINATED SOLVENTS; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; DEGRADATION; COPPER; COMETABOLISM; CULTURES; MUTANTS AB A two-stage biorector system was continuously fed a solution of TCE (concentrations ranging between 0.2 and 20 mg L(-1)) at 2 mL min(-1); the system utilized a mutant (PP358) of the methane oxidizing bacterium Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b for the fortuitous cooxidation of TCE by the enzyme-soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO). A methane-free environment was maintained in the TCE treatment portion of the reactor (plug-flow columns), minimizing the effects of competitive inhibition between TCE and methane for the sMMO. The reactor was operated in two separate flow configurations, single-pass and crossflow, with TCE removal percentages exceeding 78% (for a TCE feed concentration of 20 mg L(-1)) and 93% (for a TCE feed concentration of 10 mg L(-1)), respectively. A r(max) of 109.4 mg of TCE (g of VS)(-1) d(-1) for a TCE feed concentration of 20 mg L(-1) was obtained, suggesting that high rates of degradation occurred within the reactor. CE-induced toxicity effects occurred at TCE feed concentrations of 10 mg L(-1) and greater, resulting in declines of the biomass concentrations and the enzyme activities. However, the extent of this decline was alleviated by the addition of 0.2 M sodium formate. A model describing the rate of TCE degradation in the plug-flow columns was proposed by Alvarez-Cohen et al. and was modified to incorporate the suboptimal activities of sMMO. The model was adjusted to the data, and an apparent rate constant, K, of 0.041 (dimensionless) was obtained. The effect of the finite transformation capacity term, T-c, in the model was noticeable only at high TCE feed concentrations. The model suggested that cross-flow operation was kinetically favored over single-pass operation due to enhanced TCE to biomass ratios. The model may be used to predict the extent of TCE degradation for a system and may serve as a useful tool for the optimization of flow rates. The optimization may include maximizing the rate of TCE degradation or minimizing the necessary residence time in a methane-starved environment. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,DEPT CHEM ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT MICROBIOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. UNIV TENNESSEE,GRAD PROGRAM ECOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Palumbo, Anthony/A-4764-2011; Bowman, John/C-2414-2014 OI Palumbo, Anthony/0000-0002-1102-3975; Bowman, John/0000-0002-4528-9333 NR 29 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 29 IS 8 BP 2073 EP 2082 DI 10.1021/es00008a029 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RL829 UT WOS:A1995RL82900051 PM 22191358 ER PT J AU GROENEWOLD, GS INGRAM, JC APPELHANS, AD DELMORE, JE DAHL, DA AF GROENEWOLD, GS INGRAM, JC APPELHANS, AD DELMORE, JE DAHL, DA TI DETECTION OF 2-CHLOROETHYL ETHYL SULFIDE END SULFONIUM ION DEGRADATION PRODUCTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL SURFACES DOING STATIC SIMS SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IONIZATION; BEAMS AB 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) is a simultant for the chemical warfare agent bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide (also known as HD or mustard), and both molecules undergo hydrolysis and subsequent condensation in aqueous solution to form stable sulfonium ions. The sulfonium ions derived from CEES are directly detected on quartzic surfaces using static SIMS instrumentation, which employs a molecular ReO4- (250 D) primary ion and pulsed secondary ion extraction. Pulsed extraction mitigates surface charging, and the ReO4- primary particle is efficient at sputtering molecular surface species into the gas phase. CEES eliminates Cl- to form an ethyl thiiranium intermediate, which is susceptible to nucleophilic attack by water and methanol to form 2-hydroxyethyl ethyl sulfide and 2-methoxyethyl ethyl sulfide. These two products and unhydrolyzed CEES also function as nucleophiles that condense with the ethyl thiiranium intermediate, resulting in the formation of sulfonium ion aggregates that are observable using SIMS. The previously unreported methoxy-substituted sulfonium ion suggests that a variety of derivatives are possible if different nucleophiles are present in the vicinity of the ethyl thiiranium intermediate. This work demonstrates that the sulfonium ion aggregates are stable on mineral surfaces and also demonstrates the potential value of SIMS for the detection of unanticipated ionic species in monitoring applications where mustard and its degradation products are suspected. RP GROENEWOLD, GS (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 20 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 29 IS 8 BP 2107 EP 2111 DI 10.1021/es00008a033 PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RL829 UT WOS:A1995RL82900055 PM 22191362 ER PT J AU LOTTS, JW STEWART, AJ AF LOTTS, JW STEWART, AJ TI MINNOWS CAN ACCLIMATE TO TOTAL RESIDUAL CHLORINE SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ACCLIMATION; TOTAL RESIDUAL CHLORINE; RESISTANCE; MINNOWS; TOXICITY ID SALMO-GAIRDNERI RICHARDSON; RAINBOW-TROUT; TOXICITY; TOLERANCE; ZINC AB Observations in a chlorine-contaminated stream in eastern Tennessee revealed several species of fish in areas where total residual chlorine (TRC) concentrations were often great enough to be lethal, based on the results of other studies. We used in situ and laboratory experiments to test the hypothesis that minnows could acclimate to TRC. Acclimation was assessed by time-to-death for fish exposed to a single lethal regime of TRC. In in situ experiments, striped shiner and central stoneroller minnows collected from East Fork Poplar Creek at a TRC-contaminated site and a site farther downstream, where TRC was below detection, were caged at sites in the stream where TRC concentrations were either nil or great enough to be lethal. At the cage with high TRC, minnows collected from the ''TRC-contaminated'' site survived two to four times longer (15.8 h vs. 6.1 h) than the same species from the ''TRC-free'' site. In laboratory experiments, golden shiner minnows were exposed to TRC in a stepwise increasing concentration regime (0.04 mg/L during week 1, 0.08 mg/L during week 2, and 0.12 mg/L during week 3) before being challenge-tested with a lethal concentration of TRC. Minnows that had been previously exposed to TRC survived longer than controls in each test, and the magnitude of the mean time to death increased as the TRC concentration and duration of exposure increased (1.2-, 2.5-, and 3.9-fold increases for weeks 1, 2, and 3, respectively). Another experiment with golden shiner minnows showed that a 21-d exposure to TRC at a low concentration (0.04 mg/L) only slightly increased their tolerance to TRC. Thus, several minnow species apparently can acclimate, fairly rapidly, to TRC. This study may help explain why fish kills are less common than expected in TRC-contaminated streams. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OI stewart, arthur/0000-0003-1968-5997 NR 39 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1365 EP 1374 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1995)14[1365:MCATTR]2.0.CO;2 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA RK786 UT WOS:A1995RK78600012 ER PT J AU MULVEY, M NEWMAN, MC CHAZAL, A KEKLAK, MM HEAGLER, MG HALES, LS AF MULVEY, M NEWMAN, MC CHAZAL, A KEKLAK, MM HEAGLER, MG HALES, LS TI GENETIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC RESPONSES OF MOSQUITOFISH (GAMBUSIA-HOLBROOKI GIRARD 1859) POPULATIONS STRESSED BY MERCURY SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE GAMBUSIA HOLBROOKI; FISH; MERCURY; GENETICS; DEMOGRAPHY ID KREBS CYCLE METABOLITES; ALLOZYME GENOTYPE; INORGANIC MERCURY; AFFINIS BAIRD; FISH; METALLOTHIONEIN; RESISTANCE; EXPOSURE; CHLORIDE; TIME AB Genetic and demographic changes in mosquitofish populations are reported after chronic (111 d) exposure to mercury. Sex ratios, normally female-biased in field populations, were also female-biased in control mesocosms. However, the sex ratio was male-biased in the mercury treatments. Frequencies of glucosephosphate isomerase-2 (Gpi-2) allozymes for fish exposed to mercury differed from initial frequencies and from those of control fish. In a selection-component analysis, female sexual selection was statistically significant for the mercury-treated fish; the proportion of females that were gravid differed among Gpi-2 genotypes. The number of developing embryos per female also differed among Gpi-2 genotypes. Mercury had genotype-specific effects on mosquitofish reproduction in addition to genotype-specific effects on mortality reported earlier. These effects may reflect metabolic qualities of the Gpi-2 genotypes or loci closely linked to the Gpi-2 locus. C1 UNIV GEORGIA,DEPT ZOOL,ATHENS,GA 30602. RP MULVEY, M (reprint author), UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,PO DRAWER E,AIKEN,SC 29802, USA. NR 39 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU SETAC PRESS PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3370 SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1411 EP 1418 DI 10.1897/1552-8618(1995)14[1411:GADROM]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA RK786 UT WOS:A1995RK78600018 ER PT J AU LOONG, CK VASHISHTA, P KALIA, RK EBBSJO, I AF LOONG, CK VASHISHTA, P KALIA, RK EBBSJO, I TI CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE AND PHONON DENSITY-OF-STATES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE CERAMIC SILICON-NITRIDE SO EUROPHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID LATTICE-DYNAMICS; BETA-SI3N4 AB The crystal structure of Si3N4 powder is determined by neutron diffraction technique and the phonon density of states is investigated by a joint study of inelastic neutron scattering and molecular-dynamics simulations. C1 LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,CONCURRENT COMP LAB MAT SIMULAT,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. LOUISIANA STATE UNIV,DEPT COMP SCI,CONCURRENT COMP LAB MAT SIMULAT,BATON ROUGE,LA 70803. UPPSALA UNIV,STUDSVIK NEUTRON RES LAB,S-61182 NYKOPING,SWEDEN. RP LOONG, CK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 27 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 10 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 0295-5075 J9 EUROPHYS LETT JI Europhys. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 31 IS 4 BP 201 EP 206 DI 10.1209/0295-5075/31/4/003 PG 6 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RN552 UT WOS:A1995RN55200003 ER PT J AU SHEN, LX CAI, ZP TINOCO, I AF SHEN, LX CAI, ZP TINOCO, I TI RNA STRUCTURE AT HIGH-RESOLUTION SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Review DE RNA; STRUCTURE; NMR ID INFECTIOUS-ANEMIA VIRUS; HIV-1 TAR ELEMENT; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; LOOP; CONFORMATION; HAIRPIN; BASE; FEATURES; RESONANCES; SEQUENCE AB Studies of RNA structural motifs at high resolution by NMR and X-ray crystallographic methods have provided many insights into the fundamental forces that give rise to the unique structural characteristics of RNA. Non-Watson-Crick purine-pyrimidine, purine-purine, and pyrimidine-pyrimidine base pairing, as well as base-phosphate and base-ribose hydrogen bonding, are important forces for folding and stabilizing RNA structures. Base stacking is as important in determining RNA conformations as hydrogen bonding interactions. With the noncanonical interactions, many single-stranded loop regions such as hairpin loops, bulge loops, and internal loops fold into well-defined secondary structures. Loop-loop and loop-helix interactions can produce tertiary structures such as pseudoknots. Also, single strands adjacent to helical regions can form tertiary contacts with base-paired nucleotides of the helices. As we learn more about the structures of the important motifs we can ask more specific questions about the mechanisms of RNA-mediated functions. Conformational flexibility rather than a specific shape of the RNA may be important for some biological reactions, However, knowledge of the structures and the ease of conformational change of the molecules involved in any process are essential for understanding and eventually controlling the process. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT CHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV BIOL STRUCT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NIGMS NIH HHS [GM 10840] NR 57 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 EI 1530-6860 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 9 IS 11 BP 1023 EP 1033 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA RP996 UT WOS:A1995RP99600006 PM 7544309 ER PT J AU BIEDENHARN, LC SOLEM, JC AF BIEDENHARN, LC SOLEM, JC TI A QUANTUM-MECHANICAL TREATMENT OF SZILARDS ENGINE - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ENTROPY OF INFORMATION SO FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB We present a quantum-mechanical analysis of Szilard's famous single-molecule engine, showing that it is analogous to the double-slit experiment. We further show that the energy derived from the engine's operation is provided by the act of observing the molecule's location. The engine can be operated with no increase in physical entropy, and the second law of thermodynamics does not compel us to relate physical entropy to informational entropy. We conclude that information per se is a subjective, idealised, concept separated from tire physical realm. Physical entropy depends on physical objects and physical interactions, and any entropy change owing to observations is entirely a result of the entropy created in the physical apparatus by the process of observation. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BIEDENHARN, LC (reprint author), UNIV TEXAS,DEPT PHYS,CTR PARTICLE PHYS,AUSTIN,TX 78712, USA. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0015-9018 J9 FOUND PHYS JI Found. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1221 EP 1229 DI 10.1007/BF02055259 PG 9 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RX012 UT WOS:A1995RX01200005 ER PT J AU PACKER, L WITT, EH TRITSCHLER, HJ AF PACKER, L WITT, EH TRITSCHLER, HJ TI ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID AS A BIOLOGICAL ANTIOXIDANT SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE ANTIOXIDANT; DIHYDROLIPOATE; DIHYDROLIPOIC ACID; ALPHA-LIPOATE; ALPHA-LIPOIC ACID; OXIDATIVE STRESS; REDOX REGULATION; REVIEW; THIOCTIC ACID; FREE RADICALS ID MICROSOMAL LIPID-PEROXIDATION; LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEINS; VITAMIN-E CONSUMPTION; FERRITIN-BOUND IRON; HUMAN SERUM-ALBUMIN; DIHYDROLIPOIC ACID; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; THIOCTIC ACID; KAPPA-B; OXIDATIVE STRESS AB alpha-Lipoic acid, which plays an essential role in mitochondrial dehydrogenase reactions, has recently gained considerable attention as an antioxidant. Lipoate, or its reduced form, dihydrolipoate, reacts with reactive oxygen species such as superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, hypochlorous acid, peroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen. It also protects membranes by interacting with vitamin C and glutathione, which may in turn recycle vitamin E. In addition to its antioxidant activities, dihydrolipoate may exert prooxidant actions through reduction of iron. alpha-Lipoic acid administration has been shown to be beneficial in a number of oxidative stress models such as ischemia-reperfusion injury, diabetes (both alpha-lipoic acid and dihydrolipoic acid exhibit hydrophobic binding to proteins such as albumin, which can prevent glycation reactions), cataract formation, HIV activation, neurodegeneration, and radiation injury. Furthermore, lipoate can function as a redox regulator of proteins such as myoglobin, prolactin, thioredoxin and NF-kappa B transcription factor. We review the properties of lipoate in terms of (1) reactions with reactive oxygen species; (2) interactions with other antioxidants; (3) beneficial effects in oxidative stress models or clinical conditions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT MOLEC & CELL BIOL, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. ASTA MEDICA, FRANKFURT, GERMANY. RP PACKER, L (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, MEMBRANE BIOENERGET GRP, 251 LIFE SCI ADDIT, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. FU NCI NIH HHS [CA47597] NR 156 TC 1171 Z9 1222 U1 6 U2 76 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 EI 1873-4596 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 19 IS 2 BP 227 EP 250 DI 10.1016/0891-5849(95)00017-R PG 24 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RE719 UT WOS:A1995RE71900011 PM 7649494 ER PT J AU ABDOU, MA MAEKAWA, H OYAMA, Y YOUSSEF, M IKEDA, Y KUMAR, A KONNO, C MAEKAWA, F KOSAKO, K NAKAMURA, T BENNETT, E AF ABDOU, MA MAEKAWA, H OYAMA, Y YOUSSEF, M IKEDA, Y KUMAR, A KONNO, C MAEKAWA, F KOSAKO, K NAKAMURA, T BENNETT, E TI JAPAN ATOMIC-ENERGY RESEARCH-INSTITUTE UNITED-STATES INTEGRAL NEUTRONICS EXPERIMENTS AND ANALYSES FOR TRITIUM BREEDING, NUCLEAR HEATING, AND INDUCED RADIOACTIVITY SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE INTEGRAL NEUTRONICS EXPERIMENTS; TRITIUM BREEDING; NUCLEAR HEARING ID USDOE COLLABORATIVE PROGRAM; FUSION BLANKET NEUTRONICS; REACTORS AB A large number of integral experiments for fusion blanket neutronics were performed using deuterium-tritium (D-T) neutrons at the Fusion Neutronics Source facility as part of a 10-yr collaborative program between the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute and the United States. A series of experiments was conducted using blanket assemblies that contained Li2O, beryllium, steel, and water-coolant channels with a point neutron source in a closed geometry that simulated well the neutron spectra in fusion systems. Another series of experiments was conducted using a novel approach in which the point source simulated a pseudo-line source inside a movable annular blanket test assembly, thus providing a better simulation of the angular flux distribution of the 14-MeV neutrons incident on the first wall of a tokamak system. A number of measurement techniques were developed for tritium production, induced radioactivity, and nuclear heating. Transport calculations were performed using three-dimensional Monte Carlo and two-dimensional discrete ordinates codes and the latest nuclear data libraries in Japan and the United States. Significant differences among measurement techniques and calculation methods were found. To assure a 90% confidence level for tritium breeding calculations not to exceed measurements, designers should use a safety factor > 1.1 to 1.2, depending on the calculation method. Such a safety factor may not be affordable with most candidate blanket designs. Therefore, demonstration of tritium self-sufficiency is recommended as a high priority for testing in near-term fusion facilities such as the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The radioactivity measurements were performed for > 20 materials with the focus on gamma emitters with half-lives < 5 yr. The ratio of the calculated-to-experimental (C/E) values ranged between 0.5 and 1.5, but it deviated greatly from unity for some materials with some cases exceeding 5 and others falling below 0.1. Most discrepancies were attributed directly to deficiencies in the activation libraries, particularly errors in cross sections for certain reactions, A microcalorimetric technique was vastly improved, and it allowed measurements of the total nuclear heating with a temperature rise as low as 1 mu K/s. The C/E ratio for nuclear heating deviated from 1 by as much as 70% for some materials but by only a few percent for others. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,INTENSE NEUTRON SOURCE LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,FUS NEUTRON LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP ABDOU, MA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095, USA. NR 80 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 5 EP 38 PG 34 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT112 UT WOS:A1995RT11200003 ER PT J AU NAKAGAWA, M MORI, T KOSAKO, K OYAMA, Y IKEDA, Y KONNO, C MAEKAWA, H NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF YOUSSEF, MZ YULE, T AF NAKAGAWA, M MORI, T KOSAKO, K OYAMA, Y IKEDA, Y KONNO, C MAEKAWA, H NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF YOUSSEF, MZ YULE, T TI CHARACTERISTICS OF A DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM FUSION SOURCE ON A ROTATING TARGET USED IN SIMULATED FUSION BLANKET EXPERIMENTS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE FUSION BLANKET NEUTRONICS; DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM SOURCE; SOURCE CHARACTERIZATION AB The neutron source characteristics of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)/U.S. Department of Energy collaborative program on fusion neutronics Phase-IIA and -IIB experiments are determined by measuring neutron spectra and various activation rates in the cavity and on the inner surface of the enclosure and the test regions. The analyses are performed by both JAERI and the United Stares using individual nuclear data and transport codes. The neutron spectra are generally well predicted by both Monte Carlo and S-n calculations in the energy range of 15 MeV to a few kilo-electron-volts, except for energies 10 to 1 MeV. The discrepancies between the measured and the calculated activation rates are within +/-10% when recently evaluated nuclear data are used. Through the present investigation, the characteristics of incident neutrons in the test region can be satisfactorily predicted. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,INTENSE NEUTRON SOURCE LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,DIV TECHNOL DEV,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP NAKAGAWA, M (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI RES ESTAB,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,FUS NEUTRON LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 39 EP 55 PG 17 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT112 UT WOS:A1995RT11200004 ER PT J AU OYAMA, Y KONNO, C IKEDA, Y MAEKAWA, F MAEKAWA, H YAMAGUCHI, S TSUDA, K NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF MATTAS, RF PORGES, KG YOUSSEF, MZ AF OYAMA, Y KONNO, C IKEDA, Y MAEKAWA, F MAEKAWA, H YAMAGUCHI, S TSUDA, K NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF MATTAS, RF PORGES, KG YOUSSEF, MZ TI DESIGN AND TECHNIQUES FOR FUSION BLANKET NEUTRONICS EXPERIMENTS USING AN ACCELERATOR-BASED DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM NEUTRON SOURCE SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-GLASS SCINTILLATORS; COLLABORATIVE PROGRAM AB The experiments performed in the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute/U.S. Department of Energy collaborative program on fusion blanket neutronics are designed with consideration of geometrical and material configurations. The general guide that is used to design the engineering-oriented neutronics experiment, which uses an accelerator-based 14-MeV neutron source, is discussed and compared with neutronics characteristics of the reactor models. Preparation of the experimental assembly, blanket materials, and the neutron source is described. A variety of techniques for measuring the nuclear parameters such as the tritium production rate are developed or introduced through the collaboration as a basis of the neutronics experiments. The features of these techniques are discussed with the experimental error and compared with each other. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,INTENSE NEUTRON SOURCE LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP OYAMA, Y (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI RES ESTAB,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,FUS NEUTRON LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 30 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 56 EP 73 PG 18 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT112 UT WOS:A1995RT11200005 ER PT J AU OYAMA, Y KONNO, C IKEDA, Y YAMAGUCHI, S TSUDA, K KOSAKO, K MAEKAWA, H NAKAGAWA, M MORI, T NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF KUMAR, A YOUSSEF, MZ PORGES, KG AF OYAMA, Y KONNO, C IKEDA, Y YAMAGUCHI, S TSUDA, K KOSAKO, K MAEKAWA, H NAKAGAWA, M MORI, T NAKAMURA, T ABDOU, MA BENNETT, EF KUMAR, A YOUSSEF, MZ PORGES, KG TI NEUTRONICS INTEGRAL EXPERIMENTS OF LITHIUM-OXIDE FUSION BLANKET WITH HETEROGENEOUS CONFIGURATIONS USING DEUTERIUM-TRITIUM NEUTRONS SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHASE-I EXPERIMENTS AB Neutronics experiments for two types of heterogeneous blankets are performed in the Phase-IIC experiments of the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute/U.S. Department of Energy collaborative program on fusion blanket neutronics. The experimental system uses the same geometry as the previous Phase-IIA series, which was a closed geometry that used a neutron source enclosure of lithium carbonate. The heterogeneities selected for testing are the beryllium edge-on and the water coolant channel assemblies that appear in typical blankets. In the former, the beryllium and the lithium-oxide (Li2O) layers are piled up alternately in the front part of the test blanket. In the latter, the two simulated water cooling channels are emplaced vertically in the Li2O blanket. These channels produce a steep gradient of neutron flux and a significant spectrum change around the material boundary. The calculation accuracy and measurement method for these transient regions are key areas of interest in the experiments. The measurements are performed for the tritium production rate and the other nuclear parameters as well as the previous experiments. The void effect is found to not be negligible around the heterogeneous region for the detector with a low-energy response. At the same time, enhancements of tritium production are seen near the beryllium and hydrogenous material. However, the current Monte Carlo calculation shows good agreement with the experiment even in such a boundary. C1 JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,INTENSE NEUTRON SOURCE LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,REACTOR SYST LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,SCH ENGN & APPL SCI,DEPT MECH AEROSP & NUCL ENGN,LOS ANGELES,CA 90095. ARGONNE NATL LAB,FUS POWER PROGRAM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP OYAMA, Y (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI RES ESTAB,DEPT REACTOR ENGN,FUS NEUTRON LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 216 EP 235 PG 20 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT112 UT WOS:A1995RT11200010 ER PT J AU LOGAN, BG PERKINS, LJ MOIR, RW RYUTOV, DD AF LOGAN, BG PERKINS, LJ MOIR, RW RYUTOV, DD TI THE NEED FOR RESEARCH-AND-DEVELOPMENT IN FUSION - ECONOMICAL ENERGY FOR A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE WITH LOW ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT SO FUSION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Letter RP LOGAN, BG (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,POB 5511,MAIL STOP L-637,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0748-1896 J9 FUSION TECHNOL JI Fusion Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 28 IS 1 BP 236 EP 239 PG 4 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT112 UT WOS:A1995RT11200011 ER PT J AU LISCHKA, H DACHSEL, H SHEPARD, R HARRISON, RJ AF LISCHKA, H DACHSEL, H SHEPARD, R HARRISON, RJ TI PARALLEL COMPUTING IN QUANTUM-CHEMISTRY - MESSAGE-PASSING AND BEYOND FOR A GENERAL AB-INITIO PROGRAM SYSTEM SO FUTURE GENERATION COMPUTER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Europe Conference on High Performance Computing and Networking (HPCN Europe 94) CY 1994 CL MUNICH, GERMANY DE PARALLEL COMPUTING; QUANTUM CHEMISTRY; MESSAGE PASSING; GLOBAL ARRAYS ID LINEAR ALGEBRA SUBPROGRAMS; DIRECT SCF; IMPLEMENTATION; COMPUTATION; ALGORITHM; CLUSTERS; ENERGY; SET AB The parallelization of the diagonalization step of the COLUMBUS MRSDCI program system is reported. A coarse grain algorithm has been developed by means of a segmentation of the trial and resulting update vectors of the iterative Davidson scheme. Message passing based on the TCGMSG toolkit and the global array (GA) tools are used. The latter program system allows an asynchronous access to data structures in the spirit of shared memory. The importance of portable facilities like GA going beyond message passing is stressed for quantum chemical methods and benchmark result for the Intel Touchstone Delta are given. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP LISCHKA, H (reprint author), UNIV VIENNA, INST THEORET CHEM & STRAHLENCHEM, WAHRINGERSTR 38, A-1090 VIENNA, AUSTRIA. RI Lischka, Hans/A-8802-2015 NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-739X J9 FUTURE GENER COMP SY JI Futur. Gener. Comp. Syst. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 11 IS 4-5 BP 445 EP 450 DI 10.1016/0167-739X(95)00014-J PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA RV458 UT WOS:A1995RV45800011 ER PT J AU HERSMAN, L LLOYD, T SPOSITO, G AF HERSMAN, L LLOYD, T SPOSITO, G TI SIDEROPHORE-PROMOTED DISSOLUTION OF HEMATITE SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID COORDINATION CHEMISTRY; IRON; KINETICS; FE(III); OXIDES AB Siderophores are highly Fe(III)-specific bidentate ligands excreted by aerobic and facultative anaerobic microorganisms to facilitate Fe uptake in oxic environments. These compounds are thought to influence mineral weathering and the biogeochemical cycling of Fe, but quantitative information concerning this possible influence is nonexistent. Preparative quantities of a soil bacterium siderophore were extracted and purified for use in batch dissolution experiments performed with synthetic hematite particles suspended in 1 mmol dm(-3) NaNO3 at pH 3 under exclusion of light. The initial siderophore concentration used, 0.24 mmol dm(-3), was representative of microniche environments. Soluble Fe per unit mass of hematite was linear with time over an observational period between 2 and 24 h, leading to an area-based dissolution rate of 10(-8) mol m(-2) h(-1). Comparative dissolution experiments, performed with oxalate and ascorbate ligands at the 2-3 mmol dm(-3) initial concentration typical of soil environments (otherwise identical conditions to the siderophore experiments),led to dissolution rates of 5 x 10(-8) mol m(-2) h(-1), in agreement with literature values. The comparability of dissolution rates for a soil bacterium siderophore and two terrestrial organic ligands, despite an order-of-magnitude difference in their initial concentrations, suggests that siderophores may indeed figure significantly in Fe(III)-mineral weathering reactions under natural conditions. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENVIRONM SCI POLICY & MANAGEMENT,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HERSMAN, L (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 19 TC 121 Z9 123 U1 5 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 1995 VL 59 IS 16 BP 3327 EP 3330 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00221-K PG 4 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RQ725 UT WOS:A1995RQ72500004 ER PT J AU BRENAN, JM SHAW, HF RYERSON, FJ PHINNEY, DL AF BRENAN, JM SHAW, HF RYERSON, FJ PHINNEY, DL TI MINERAL-AQUEOUS FLUID PARTITIONING OF TRACE-ELEMENTS AT 900-DEGREES-C AND 2.0 GPA - CONSTRAINTS ON THE TRACE-ELEMENT CHEMISTRY OF MANTLE AND DEEP-CRUSTAL FLUIDS SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID RARE-EARTH ELEMENTS; OCEANIC UPPER MANTLE; ISLAND-ARC BASALTS; HIGH-PRESSURE; ION-MICROPROBE; PERIDOTITE MINERALS; GARNET PERIDOTITE; VOLCANIC-ROCKS; MAGMAS; METASOMATISM AB To constrain the trace element composition of aqueous fluids in the deep crust and upper mantle, mineral-aqueous fluid partition coefficients (D-min/fluid) for U, Th, pb, Nb, Ba, and Sr have been measured for clinopyroxene, garnet, amphibole, and olivine in experiments at 2.0 GPa and 900 degrees C. Clinopyroxene-and garnet-fluid partition coefficients are similar for Nb (0.01-0.7) and Bat(similar to 10(-4)-10(-5)), whereas values of D-epx/fluid for Sr (0.5-3), Th (0.6-9), and Pb (0.04-0.09) are similar to 10x (Th, Pb) to similar to 1000x (Sr) higher than D-garnet/fluid. At the same fO(2) (FMQ + 1), garnet-fluid partition coefficients for U are similar to 10x higher than those for clinopyroxene. Amphibole-fluid partition coefficients are uniformly high (similar to 1) for all elements studied, and, with the exception of Ba, interelement fractionations are similar to clinopyroxene. The olivine-fluid partition coefficient for Nb is similar to values measured for the other silicates, whereas D-olivine/fluid for U, Th, Pb, Sr, and Ba are significantly lower. Clinopyroxene and garnet partition coefficients follow Henry's Law up to similar to 300 ppm of either Ba, ph, or Sr in the fluid. Both the major-element chemistry of clinopyroxene and fluid have some influence on partitioning, with the magnitude of these effects varying according to element type. Although clinopyroxene concentrations of Pb, Ba, and Sr were found to be homogeneous, core-to-rim decreases in wt% Al2O3 were found to correlate with reductions in the concentrations of Nb, U and Th, and hence D-epx/fluid. Both increases in solute content and the addition of NaCl to fluids lower Be measured partition coefficients. A decrease in experiment fO(2) reduces D-Th/D-U for clinopyroxene, which is consistent with the compatibility of U4+ relative to U6+ in the clinopyroxene structure. Comparison of mineral/fluid partition coefficients with mineral/basaltic melt values from the literature reveal notable distinctions in partitioning behavior for fluids vs. melts. Mineral-melt and mineral-fluid partitioning for elements such as Ba, Pb, and Sr are similar, but in contrast, U, Th, and Nb are more strongly partitioned into silicate melts than aqueous fluids. Such differences may provide a means of discerning the products of melt- vs. fluid-mediated metasomatism. Bulk eclogite- and Iherzolite-aqueous fluid partition coefficients, calculated from mineral/aqueous fluid values, are used to illustrate how partitioning data can constrain (1) the trace element composition of fluids that may be a product of dehydration of basaltic oceanic crust and (2) the effect of the subarc mantle on trace element fractionation processes. The silicate assemblage produced during basalt dehydration (garnet + cpx +/- amphibole) does not selectively deplete the coexisting fluid in Nb relative to the other elements studied, nor is Nh preferentially withdrawn from the fluid by passage through an amphibole Iherzolite mantle. Results, therefore, reaffirm the notion that residual rutile is necessary to selectively deplete slab-derived fluids in high field strength elements. Calculations also indicate that fluids with excess [U-238] relative to [Th-230] may be produced during dehydration of basaltic oceanic crust, and such excesses are retained or enhanced during transit through the mantle wedge, provided that mildly oxidizing conditions prevail. Slab-derived fluids can therefore produce the requisite low ratios of high-field-strength/large-ion-lithophile elements (such as Nb/Th) and [U-238]/[U-238] > 1 in the source regions of island are basalts by metasomatism of the mantle wedge. In addition to constraints on the composition of the fluid liberated during slab dehydration, our data allow us to estimate the trace element composition of the material returned to the deep mantle during subduction. Calculations indicate that, following dehydration, the U/Pb ratio in basaltic crust is increased and Rb/Sr is likely to be dramatically reduced. Subduction and prolonged aging of this material produces an isotopic reservoir with the characteristics of the HIMU component sampled by some oceanic island basalts. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, INST GEOPHYS & PLANETARY PHYS, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV NUCL CHEM, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RP BRENAN, JM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, POB 808, L-202, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. RI Shaw, Henry/B-6445-2012 OI Shaw, Henry/0000-0003-0681-5430 NR 86 TC 438 Z9 455 U1 0 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD AUG PY 1995 VL 59 IS 16 BP 3331 EP 3350 DI 10.1016/0016-7037(95)00215-L PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RQ725 UT WOS:A1995RQ72500005 ER PT J AU WINSKE, D GARY, SP JONES, ME ROSENBERG, M CHOW, VW MENDIS, DA AF WINSKE, D GARY, SP JONES, ME ROSENBERG, M CHOW, VW MENDIS, DA TI ION HEATING IN A DUSTY PLASMA DUE TO THE DUST ION-ACOUSTIC INSTABILITY SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SATURNS MAGNETOSPHERE; ELECTROSTATIC-WAVES; MODEL AB The drift of plasma ions relative to charged grains in a dusty plasma can give rise to a dust/ion acoustic instability. We investigate the linear properties of the instability by numerically solving an appropriate linear dispersion equation and examine the nonlinear behavior through one-dimensional electrostatic particle simulations, in which the plasma and dust ions are treated as discrete particles and the electrons are modeled as a Boltzmann fluid. The instability saturates by trapping some of the plasma ions. The instability is slightly weaker when the dust particles have a range of sizes, and corresponding range of charges and masses. It is argued that due to dust particles that comprise planetary rings, this process can contribute to ion heating and diffusion observed in the inner magnetosphere of Saturn. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP WINSKE, D (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,XPA,MAIL STOP B259,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 14 TC 89 Z9 90 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 22 IS 15 BP 2069 EP 2072 DI 10.1029/95GL01983 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RM649 UT WOS:A1995RM64900034 ER PT J AU ROMERO, AE MCEVILLY, TV MAJER, EL VASCO, D AF ROMERO, AE MCEVILLY, TV MAJER, EL VASCO, D TI CHARACTERIZATION OF THE GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM BENEATH THE NORTHWEST-GEYSERS STEAM FIELD, CALIFORNIA, FROM SEISMICITY AND VELOCITY PATTERNS SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE CRUSTAL IMAGING; SEISMIC VELOCITY; MICROEARTHQUAKES; GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR; THE GEYSERS ID HIGH-PRESSURE; P-WAVE; ROCKS; HYPOCENTERS; INVERSION; TEMPERATURE; AREA AB A high-resolution seismic network at the Coldwater Creek Steam Field (CCSF) in the Northwest Geysers region has provided data with which to estimate three-dimensional P- and S-wave velocity models and to relocate hypocenters. The seismicity distribution and resulting seismic velocity structure, coupled with the known geology, are used to characterize the geothermal reservoir. The velocity structure is estimated using the progressive inversion technique of Thurber [J. geophys. Res. 88, 8226-8236 (1983)]. Hypocenters within the CCSF lie between depths of 1.5 and 2.5 km and appear to be associated with the steam production zone. A deeper cluster of events is located beneath an injection well. High-velocity near-surface anomalies correspond to mapped sections of Franciscan metagraywacke and greenstone. Low-velocity anomalies at depth appear to represent sections of Franciscan melange. High Vp/Vs anomalies at depth suggest a recharge region or a condensation zone. The steam producing zone is marked by low Vp/Vs values, suggesting partial liquid saturation of the reservoir rocks. RP ROMERO, AE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR COMPUTAT SEISMOL,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Vasco, Donald/I-3167-2016 OI Vasco, Donald/0000-0003-1210-8628 NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD AUG PY 1995 VL 24 IS 4 BP 471 EP 487 DI 10.1016/0375-6505(95)00003-9 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA RR650 UT WOS:A1995RR65000001 ER PT J AU SHOOK, GM AF SHOOK, GM TI DEVELOPMENT OF A VAPOR-DOMINATED RESERVOIR WITH A HIGH-TEMPERATURE COMPONENT SO GEOTHERMICS LA English DT Article DE HIGH-TEMPERATURE RESERVOIR; VAPOR-DOMINATED; VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING AB A conceptual model of The Geysers ''High-Temperature Reservoir'' (HTR) has been developed that incorporates existing field measurements and observations, including fluid inclusion salinities, core and cutting analyses, and the non-uniform depth to the top of the HTR. A numerical model based on the conceptual model successfully reproduces observed HTR characteristics. Results of the numerical model indicate that the HTR may be a long-lived feature of the ''normal'' vapor-dominated reservoir. Formation of the HTR is dependent on a spatial variation in petrophysical properties, a relatively rapid venting of a significant fraction of the mass in place, and the presence of a saline reservoir fluid. RP SHOOK, GM (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0375-6505 J9 GEOTHERMICS JI Geothermics PD AUG PY 1995 VL 24 IS 4 BP 489 EP 505 PG 17 WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Energy & Fuels; Geology GA RR650 UT WOS:A1995RR65000002 ER PT J AU AMTHOR, JS AF AMTHOR, JS TI TERRESTRIAL HIGHER-PLANT RESPONSE TO INCREASING ATMOSPHERIC [CO2] IN RELATION TO THE GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2); GLOBAL CARBON CYCLE; GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PLANTS; RESPIRATION ID RIBULOSE-1,5-BISPHOSPHATE CARBOXYLASE-OXYGENASE; VOSTOK ICE-CORE; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; PAST 2 CENTURIES; ELEVATED CO2; DIOXIDE CONCENTRATION; STOMATAL DENSITY; PARTIAL-PRESSURE; GAS-EXCHANGE; PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACCLIMATION AB Terrestrial higher plants exchange large amounts of CO2 with the atmosphere each year; c. 15% of the atmospheric pool of C is assimilated in terrestrial-plant photosynthesis each year, with an about equal amount returned to the atmosphere as CO2 in plant respiration and the decomposition of soil organic matter and plant litter. Any global change in plant C metabolism can potentially affect atmospheric CO2 content during the course of years to decades. In particular, plant responses to the presently increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration might influence the rate of atmospheric CO2 increase through various biotic feedbacks. Climatic changes caused by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may modulate plant and ecosystem responses to CO2 concentration. Climatic changes and increases in pollution associated with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration may be as significant to plant and ecosystem C balance as CO2 concentration itself. Moreover, human activities such as deforestation and livestock grazing can have impacts on the C balance and structure of individual terrestrial ecosystems that far outweigh effects of increasing CO2 concentration and climatic change. In short-term experiments, which in this case means on the order of 10 years or less, elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration affects terrestrial higher plants in several ways. Elevated CO2 can stimulate photosynthesis, but plants may acclimate and (or) adapt to a change in atmospheric CO2 concentration. Acclimation and adaptation of photosynthesis to increasing CO2 concentration is unlikely to be complete, however. Plant water-use efficiency is positively related to CO2 concentration, implying the potential for more plant growth per unit of precipitation or soil moisture with increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration. Plant respiration may be inhibited by elevated CO2 concentration, and although a naive C balance perspective would count this as a benefit to a plant, because respiration is essential for plant growth and health, an inhibition of respiration can be detrimental. The net effect on terrestrial plants of elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration is generally an increase in growth and C accumulation in phytomass. Published estimations, and speculations about, the magnitude of global terrestrial-plant growth responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration range from negligible to fantastic. Well-reasoned analyses point to moderate global plant responses to CO2 concentration. Transfer of C from plants to soils is likely to increase with elevated CO2 concentrations because of greater plant growth, but quantitative effects of those increased inputs to soils on soil C pool sizes are unknown. Whether increases in leaf-level photosynthesis and short-term plant growth stimulations caused by elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration will have, by themselves, significant long-term (tens to hundreds of years) effects on ecosystem C storage and atmospheric CO2 concentration is a matter for speculation, not firm conclusion. Longterm field studies of plant responses to elevated atmospheric CO2 are needed. These will be expensive, difficult, and by definition, results will not be forthcoming for at least decades. Analyses of plants and ecosystems surrounding natural geological CO2 degassing vents may provide the best surrogates for long-term controlled experiments, and therefore the most relevant information pertaining to long-term terrestrial-plant responses to elevated CO2 concentration, but pollutants associated with the vents are a concern in some cases, and quantitative knowledge of the history of atmospheric CO2 concentrations near vents is limited. On the whole, terrestrial higher-plant responses to increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration probably act as negative feedbacks on atmospheric CO2 concentration increases, but they cannot by themselves stop the fossil-fuel-oxidation-driven increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration. And, in the very long-term, atmospheric CO2 concentration is controlled by atmosphere-ocean C equilibrium rather than by terrestrial plant and ecosystem responses to atmospheric CO2 concentration. RP AMTHOR, JS (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, L-256, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RI 张, 灏/D-3114-2011; Amthor, Jeffrey/F-2696-2016 OI Amthor, Jeffrey/0000-0002-1410-6100 NR 288 TC 237 Z9 257 U1 6 U2 83 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 1 IS 4 BP 243 EP 274 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.1995.tb00025.x PG 32 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA TF592 UT WOS:A1995TF59200001 ER PT J AU LEGGETT, RW WILLIAMS, LR AF LEGGETT, RW WILLIAMS, LR TI A PROPOSED BLOOD-CIRCULATION MODEL FOR REFERENCE MAN SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE BLOOD; BIOKINETICS; NUCLEAR MEDICINE; DOSE, INTERNAL ID REFERENCE VALUES; FLOW; PULMONARY; VOLUME; BONE AB As part of the revision of the Reference Man model of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), we have reviewed and reanalyzed available data on blood flow and in previous publications have proposed reference values for total and regional blood volumes, total cardiac output, and the distribution of cardiac output, In this paper we unify these proposed features of the revised Reference Man within the framework of a dynamic blood circulation model and show how the model can he used to predict the distribution of decays of short-lived radionuclides after injection or absorption into blood, The total blood volume is partitioned into the blood contents of 24 separate organs or tissues, right heart chambers, left heart chambers, pulmonary circulation, arterial outflow to the systemic tissues (aorta and large arteries), and venous return from the systemic tissues (large veins), As a compromise between physical reality and computational simplicity, the circulation of blood is viewed as a system of first-order transfers between blood pools, but outflow from any given pool is delayed during the first pass of material through the circulation with the delay time depending on the mean transit time across the pool, The model can be used to predict the movement and gradual dispersal of a bolus of material in the circulation after intravascular injection, In contrast to the treatment of the circulation in ICRP Publication 53, Radiation Dose to Patients from Radiopharmaceuticals, the present model allows consideration of incomplete, tissue-dependent extraction of material during passage through the circulation and return of material from tissues to plasma. C1 INDIANA UNIV, DIV LIBERAL ARTS & SCI, S BEND, IN 46634 USA. RP LEGGETT, RW (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV HLTH SCI RES, DOSIMETRY RES GRP, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 57 TC 58 Z9 59 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 69 IS 2 BP 187 EP 201 DI 10.1097/00004032-199508000-00003 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RK291 UT WOS:A1995RK29100004 PM 7622365 ER PT J AU FAHR, A MONKS, PS STIEF, LJ LAUFER, AH AF FAHR, A MONKS, PS STIEF, LJ LAUFER, AH TI EXPERIMENTAL-DETERMINATION OF THE RATE-CONSTANT FOR THE REACTION OF C2H3 WITH H-2 AND IMPLICATIONS FOR THE PARTITIONING OF HYDROCARBONS IN ATMOSPHERES OF THE OUTER PLANETS SO ICARUS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED OBSERVATIONS; VINYL RADICALS; JOVIAN SYSTEM; PHOTOCHEMISTRY; ACETYLENE; NEPTUNE; ABUNDANCES; JUPITER; METHANE; ETHANE AB The reaction between C2H3 and H-2, has been suggested to be potentially important in accounting for observational data on the abundance of low-molecular weight hydrocarbons in the atmospheres of the giant planets, especially the ratio of [C2H6]/[C2H2] in the jovian stratosphere. Previous values of the rate constant for this reaction have depended on or are derived from either calculated estimates or very indirect measurements in complex reaction systems, Further, reported values, both measured and calculated, for the rate constant k (C2H3 + H-2) at T = 298 K have ranged from 2.5 x 10(-17) to 9 x 10(-20) cm(3) molecule(-1) sec(-1). In this work the room temperature rate constant for the reaction of the vinyl radical with molecular hydrogen has been determined by employing laser photolysis coupled to a kinetic-absorption spectroscopic technique and separately via a gas chromatographic product analysis technique. In one set of experiments the vinyl radicals were generated through the lambda = 193 mm photolysis of divinyl mercury using an ArF excimer laser. The time history of vinyl radicals in the presence of hydrogen was monitored using the 1,3-butadiene (vinyl radical combination product) absorption at lambda = 215 nm. By employing kinetic modeling procedures a rate constant of (3 +/- 2) x 10(-20) cm(3) molecule(-1) sec(-1) was derived. Independently, the lambda = 193 mm photolysis of methyl vinyl ketone was used to generate nearly identical concentrations of methyl and vinyl radicals. Gas chromatographic analysis of the reaction products of the methylvinyl mixed radical system in the presence of H-2 result in a rate constant of the order of 1 x 10(-20) cm(3) molecule(-1) sec(-1). The planetary implications of the rate determinations are briefly discussed. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,EXTRATERR PHYS LAB,GREENBELT,MD 20771. US DOE,OFF BASIC ENERGY SCI,WASHINGTON,DC 20545. RP FAHR, A (reprint author), NIST,DIV CHEM KINET & THERMODYNAM,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899, USA. RI Monks, Paul/H-6468-2016 OI Monks, Paul/0000-0001-9984-4390 NR 31 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0019-1035 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD AUG PY 1995 VL 116 IS 2 BP 415 EP 422 DI 10.1006/icar.1995.1134 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RP804 UT WOS:A1995RP80400013 ER PT J AU FLOYD, S JACOBSON, V AF FLOYD, S JACOBSON, V TI LINK-SHARING AND RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT MODELS FOR PACKET NETWORKS SO IEEE-ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING LA English DT Article AB This paper discusses the use of link-sharing mechanisms in packet networks and presents algorithms for hierarchical link-sharing. Hierarchical link-searing allows multiple agencies, protocol families, or traffic types to share the bandwidth on a link in a controlled fashion. Link-sharing and real-time services both require resource management mechanisms at the gateway, Rather than requiring a gateway to implement separate mechanisms for link-sharing and real-time services, the approach in this paper is to view link-sharing and real-time service requirements as simultaneous, and in some respect complementary, constraints at a gateway that can be implemented with a unified set of mechanisms. While it is not possible to completely predict the requirements that might evolve in the Internet over the next decade, we argue that controlled link-sharing is an essential component that can provide gateways with the flexibility to accommodate emerging applications and network protocols. RP FLOYD, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NETWORK RES GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 21 TC 395 Z9 415 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1063-6692 J9 IEEE ACM T NETWORK JI IEEE-ACM Trans. Netw. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 3 IS 4 BP 365 EP 386 DI 10.1109/90.413212 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA RR699 UT WOS:A1995RR69900001 ER PT J AU DOWGIALLO, EJ HARDIN, JE AF DOWGIALLO, EJ HARDIN, JE TI PERSPECTIVE ON ULTRACAPACITORS FOR ELECTRIC VEHICLES SO IEEE AEROSPACE AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS MAGAZINE LA English DT Article C1 IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8985 J9 IEEE AERO EL SYS MAG JI IEEE Aerosp. Electron. Syst. Mag. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 8 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1109/62.406820 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA RQ308 UT WOS:A1995RQ30800008 ER PT J AU FRANKEL, Y HERZBERG, A KARGER, PA KRAWCZYK, H KUNZINGER, CA YUNG, MT AF FRANKEL, Y HERZBERG, A KARGER, PA KRAWCZYK, H KUNZINGER, CA YUNG, MT TI SECURITY ISSUES IN A CDPD WIRELESS NETWORK SO IEEE PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID AUTHENTICATION PROTOCOLS; SYSTEMATIC DESIGN C1 IBM CORP,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,CRYPTOG & NETWORK SECUR GRP,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598. RP FRANKEL, Y (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT ALGORITHMS & DISCRETE MATH,TECH STAFF,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 20 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1070-9916 J9 IEEE PERS COMMUN JI IEEE Pers. Commun. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 4 BP 16 EP 27 DI 10.1109/98.403454 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA RN875 UT WOS:A1995RN87500004 ER PT J AU LUKE, PN AF LUKE, PN TI UNIPOLAR CHARGE SENSING WITH COPLANAR ELECTRODES - APPLICATION TO SEMICONDUCTOR-DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB A novel method to perform preferential sensing of single-polarity charge carriers in ionization detectors is presented. It achieves the same function as Frisch grids commonly employed in gas ion chambers but uses a coplanar electrode configuration suitable for semiconductor detectors. Through the use of this method, good energy resolution can be obtained from room-temperature compound semiconductor detectors despite their poor hole-collection characteristics. Experiments using a CdZnTe detector demonstrate the effectiveness of this technique. Schemes to correct for electron trapping and to obtain position information are also described. RP LUKE, PN (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 9 TC 239 Z9 247 U1 3 U2 24 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 207 EP 213 DI 10.1109/23.467848 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900003 ER PT J AU WANG, NW KRIEGER, B KROFCHECK, D LEWAK, D NAUDET, CJ ODONNELL, R ODYNIEC, G PARTLAN, M RUDOLPH, HW WALTON, JT WILSON, WK AF WANG, NW KRIEGER, B KROFCHECK, D LEWAK, D NAUDET, CJ ODONNELL, R ODYNIEC, G PARTLAN, M RUDOLPH, HW WALTON, JT WILSON, WK TI P-TYPE SILICON DRIFT DETECTORS - FIRST RESULTS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We have fabricated a 4 cm x 4 cm, position-sensitive silicon drift detector using high purity, p-type silicon as the substrate. In this paper, we describe the double-sided planar process used to fabricate the detectors and the strategy used to suppress surface carrier inversion due to the presence of fixed positive charge at the Si/SiO2 interface. The key issue in optimizing the fabrication process has been to minimize leakage currents and prevent breakdown at low voltages. Tests show that a drift signal can be measured across the entire length of the detector and that the transit time of the holes varies linearly with the position of the induced charge signal. RP WANG, NW (reprint author), LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 214 EP 218 DI 10.1109/23.467847 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900004 ER PT J AU LI, Z CHEN, W DOU, L EREMIN, V KRANER, HW LI, CJ LINDSTROEM, G SPIRITI, E AF LI, Z CHEN, W DOU, L EREMIN, V KRANER, HW LI, CJ LINDSTROEM, G SPIRITI, E TI STUDY OF THE LONG-TERM STABILITY OF THE EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATION OF IONIZED SPACE CHARGES (N-EFF) OF NEUTRON-IRRADIATED SILICON DETECTORS FABRICATED BY VARIOUS THERMAL-OXIDATION PROCESSES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID RADIATION-DAMAGE AB Experimental study of the reverse annealing of the effective concentration of ionized space charges (N-eff, also called effective doping or impurity concentration) of neutron irradiated high resistivity silicon detectors fabricated on wafers with various thermal oxides has been conducted at room temperature (RT) and elevated temperature (ET). Various thermal oxidations with temperatures ranging from 975 degrees C to 1200 degrees C with and without trichlorethane (TCA), which result in different concentrations of oxygen and carbon impurities, have been used. It has been found that, the RT annealing of the N-eff is hindered initially (t < 42 days after the radiation) for detectors made on the oxides with high carbon concentrations, and there was no carbon effect on the long term (t > 42 days after the radiation) N-eff reverse annealing. No apparent effect of oxygen on the stability of N-eff has been observed at RT. At elevated temperature (80 degrees C), no significant difference in annealing behavior has been found for detectors fabricated on silicon wafers with various thermal oxides. It is apparent that for the initial stages (first and/or second) of N-eff reverse annealing, there may tie no dependence on the oxygen and carbon concentrations in the ranges studied. C1 WAYNE STATE UNIV,DETROIT,MI 48202. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI,AF IOFFE PHYSICOTECH INST,ST PETERSBURG 196140,RUSSIA. INST SEMICOND,BEIJING,PEOPLES R CHINA. UNIV HAMBURG,W-2000 HAMBURG,GERMANY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ SANITA,I-00161 ROME,ITALY. RP LI, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 13 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 219 EP 223 DI 10.1109/23.467846 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900005 ER PT J AU LI, Z AF LI, Z TI EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISONS AMONG VARIOUS MODELS FOR THE REVERSE ANNEALING OF THE EFFECTIVE CONCENTRATION OF IONIZED SPACE CHARGES (N-EFF) OF NEUTRON-IRRADIATED SILICON DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID RADIATION-DAMAGE AB Experimental data of the reverse annealing of the effective concentration of ionized space charges (N-eff, also called effective doping or impurity concentration) of neutron irradiated high resistivity silicon detectors has been compared with various models. The models include the compensation model (first order), the cluster model of the first order, the neutral to acceptor model (first order), and the cluster model of the second order. Detectors irradiated to various neutron fluences have been annealed at 80 degrees C for up to 17 hours to reach the saturation of the first apparent stage of the N-eff reverse anneal, which is equivalent of about one year of room temperature (RT) anneal. The annealing time constant, defined as the time at half saturation tau 1/2 has been found to be virtually a constant (similar to 140 minutes+/-14%) for detectors irradiated to fluences ranging from 8.2x10(12) n/cm(2) to 3.2x10(13) n/cm(2), which is the distinguishing characteristic of the first order process. The least square fit of the data to the first order models has shown a time constant of 221.7 minutes with a 14% error and that to the second order model has shown a k constant of 7.3x10(-5) s(-1) with a 37% error. The best fit, however, is a first order dt with two time constants: a short one (similar to 44 minutes+/-2.5%) with a small amplitude and a longer one (similar to 290 minutes+/-l2%) with an almost five times larger amplitude, suggesting that even for the apparent first stage of the N-eff reverse anneal, there may be two stages. There is also evidence that even after the apparent first stage anneal, there is at least another stage which is showing up in higher temperature annealing (150 degrees C). RP LI, Z (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 15 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 224 EP 234 DI 10.1109/23.467845 PN 1 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900006 ER PT J AU HONG, WS MIRESHGHI, A DREWERY, JS JING, T KITSUNO, Y LEE, H KAPLAN, SN PEREZMENDEZ, V AF HONG, WS MIRESHGHI, A DREWERY, JS JING, T KITSUNO, Y LEE, H KAPLAN, SN PEREZMENDEZ, V TI CHARGED-PARTICLE DETECTORS BASED ON HIGH AND QUALITY AMORPHOUS-SILICON DEPOSITED WITH HYDROGEN OR HELIUM DILUTION OF SILANE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID A-SI-H AB Electrical transport properties of our PECVD a-Si:H material has been improved by using hydrogen and/or helium dilution of silane and lower substrate temperature for deposition. For hydrogen-diluted material we have measured electron and hole mobilities similar to 4 times larger, and mu tau values 2-3 times higher than for our standard a-Si:H. The density of ionized dangling bonds (N-D*) also showed a factor of 5-10 improvement. Due to its higher conductivity, the improved a-Si:H material is more suitable than conventional a-Si:H ibr TFT applications. However, it is difficult to make thick layers by H-dilution because of high internal stress, On the other hand, thick detectors can be made at a faster rate and lower stress by low temperature deposition with He-dilution and subsequent annealing. The internal stress, which causes substrate bending and delamination, was reduced by a factor of 4 to similar to 90 MPa, while the electronic quality was kept as good as that of the standard material. By this technique 35 mu m-thick n-i-p diodes were made without significant substrate bending, and the electronic properties, such as electron mobility and ionized dangling bond density, were suitable for detecting minimum ionizing particles. C1 SHARIF UNIV TECHNOL, TEHRAN, IRAN. SHOWA DENKO CO LTD, CHEM RES LAB, KAWASAKI, KANAGAWA 210, JAPAN. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV PHYS, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 240 EP 246 DI 10.1109/23.467843 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900008 ER PT J AU EGGER, AE PUTNAM, MH HELMER, RG CAFFREY, AJ GREENWOOD, RC AF EGGER, AE PUTNAM, MH HELMER, RG CAFFREY, AJ GREENWOOD, RC TI GAUSS .9. AN INTERACTIVE PROGRAM FOR THE ANALYSIS OF GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA FROM GE SEMICONDUCTOR-DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB The newest member of a series of computer programs developed at the INEL for analysis of gamma-ray spectra from Ge semiconductor detectors is GAUSS IX. This program makes use of the computational routines of GAUSS VII in an interactive structure. The interactive features are implemented with OSF/Motif and the X Window System. This interactive version can dramatically decrease the turnaround time for spectral analyses, especially when the user needs to refit some of the peaks with specially-chosen fitting parameters. The graphic features increase the opportunity for detecting pat terns and anomalies in the spectral analyses. The user of this program can set up the analysis parameters (i.e., peaks, peak regions, etc.) interactively via window dialogs. The user can interactively display and review the results, selectively re-fit peaks, and save or purge the results, as appropriate. The spectral displays can include the spectral data, peak locations, peak fitting regions, fit curves, and background curves; and the display is completely zoomable, scrollable, and resizable. RP EGGER, AE (reprint author), IDAHO NATL ENGN LAB,POB 1625,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415, USA. RI Caffrey, Augustine/C-2005-2009 NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 267 EP 271 DI 10.1109/23.467838 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900013 ER PT J AU MOSES, WW DERENZO, SE FYODOROV, A KORZHIK, M GEKTIN, A MINKOV, B ASLANOV, V AF MOSES, WW DERENZO, SE FYODOROV, A KORZHIK, M GEKTIN, A MINKOV, B ASLANOV, V TI LUALO3-CE - A HIGH-DENSITY, HIGH-SPEED SCINTILLATOR FOR GAMMA-DETECTION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID INORGANIC SCINTILLATORS; PROSPECTS AB We present measurements of the scintillation properties of cerium doped lutetium aluminum perovskite, LuAlO3:Ce, a new dense (p=8.34 g/cm(3)) inorganic scintillator. This material has a 511 keV interaction length and photoelectric fraction of 1.1 cm and 32% respectively, which are well suited to gamma ray detection. In powdered form with 0.5% cerium concentration, the scintillation light output is estimated to be 9,600 photons/MeV of deposited energy, the emission spectrum is a single peak centered at 390 nm, and the fluorescence lifetime is described by the sum of 3 exponential terms, with 60% of the light being emitted with a 11 ns decay time, 26% with a 28 ns decay time, and 13% with a 835 ns decay time. Single crystals contaminated with approximate to 10% lutetium aluminum garnet (Lu3Al5O12) have significantly altered scintillation properties. The light output is 26,000 photons/MeV (3.2 times that of EGO), but the decay time increases significantly (1% of the light is emitted with a 10 ns decay time, 15% with a 245 ns decay time, and 85% with a 2010 ns decay time) and the emission spectrum is dominated by a peak centered at 315 nm with a secondary peak centered at 500 nm. The short decay lifetime, high density, and reasonable light output of LuAlO3:Ce (the perovskite phase) suggest that it is useful for applications where high counting rates, good stopping power, good energy resolution, and fast timing are important. However, it is necessary to grow single crystals that are uncontaminated by the garnet phase to realize these properties. C1 MINSK NUCL PROBLEMS INST, MINSK, BYELARUS. KHARKOV SINGLE CRYSTALS INST, KHARKOV 310141, UKRAINE. SCITEC, RI&NC, MINSK, BYELARUS. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI korzhik, Mikhail/E-9505-2014 NR 13 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 275 EP 279 DI 10.1109/23.467837 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900014 ER PT J AU MEISNER, JE NICAISE, WF STROMSWOLD, DC AF MEISNER, JE NICAISE, WF STROMSWOLD, DC TI CSI(TI) WITH PHOTODIODES FOR IDENTIFYING SUBSURFACE RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID READOUT AB A cylindrical (15 x 61 mm) CsI(Tl) scintillation detector with two side-mounted photodiodes has been developed to collect spectral gamma-ray data in subsurface contaminated formations at the U,S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site. It operates inside small-diameter, thick-wall steel pipes pushed into the ground to depths up to 20 m by a cone penetrometer system. The detector provides a rugged, efficient, magnetic-field-insensitive means for identifying gamma-ray-emitting contaminants (mainly (CS)-C-137 and Co-60). Mounting two 3 x 30-mm photodiodes end-to-end on a flat area along the detector's side provides efficient light collection over the length of the detector. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MEISNER, JE (reprint author), WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, POB 1970, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 288 EP 291 DI 10.1109/23.467834 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900017 ER PT J AU WOODY, CL STOLL, SP FRANK, JS AF WOODY, CL STOLL, SP FRANK, JS TI READOUT OF UNDOPED CSI AND CEF3 CRYSTALS USING SCINTILLATING FIBERS AND BARS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB An investigation has been made of a readout technique for undoped cesium iodide and cerium fluoride crystals using scintillating fibers and bars. The method uses the fluors in the scintillator as wavelength shifters to absorb the primary UV scintillation light from the crystals and reemit it at a longer wavelength which can be more easily propagated over large distances. A study was made for various types of fibers (BCF-10, BCF-12 and BCF-20), giving the dependence of the light output on fluor type, fiber diameter and the spacing between fibers. Similar studies are made for several types of bars (BC-404 and BC-408) which compare the light output for various bar thicknesses, flour concentrations and geometrical configurations.` An initial investigation also stowed that this technique can be used to read out CeF3 crystals. RP WOODY, CL (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 292 EP 297 DI 10.1109/23.467833 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900018 ER PT J AU DAVID, G KISTENEV, E STOLL, S WHITE, SN WOODY, CL AF DAVID, G KISTENEV, E STOLL, S WHITE, SN WOODY, CL TI PERFORMANCE STUDIES OF A NEW RUSSIAN FEU115M PHOTOTUBE SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We report on the results of tests of FEU115M one inch phototubes manufactured in Russia. The tubes are 12-stage, fast devices with high gain and low dark current. These photomultiplier tubes were developed for the PHENIX EMCal project by members of the PHENIX group at IHEP, Protvino (Russia). We report on investigations of the gain, quantum efficiency, linearity, photocathode uniformity and long-term behavior of these tubes. RP DAVID, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.1109/23.467831 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900020 ER PT J AU EREMIN, V IVANOV, A VERBITSKAYA, E LI, Z KRANER, HW AF EREMIN, V IVANOV, A VERBITSKAYA, E LI, Z KRANER, HW TI ELEVATED-TEMPERATURE ANNEALING OF THE NEUTRON-INDUCED REVERSE CURRENT AND CORRESPONDING DEFECT LEVELS IN LOW AND HIGH-RESISTIVITY SILICON DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID IRRADIATED SILICON; RADIATION-DAMAGE; LEAKAGE CURRENT; ELECTRON AB A new aspect of degradation phenomena of neutron irradiated silicon detectors has been revealed which consists in the significant influence of carbon related defect transformation on the detector reverse current (I-rev). The annealing of the reverse current at elevated temperatures and the corresponding changes of the deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) spectra of defects for fast neutron irradiated silicon detectors, fabricated on high (4-6) k Omega-cm, moderate (0.5-1.0 k Omega-cm) and low ( < 100 Omega-cm) resistivity silicon;material have been investigated. For al resistivity silicon detectors studied in this work, three annealing stages of the defects with deep levels in the energy band gap have been observed: 1) the transformation of carbon related defects in the temperature range of 20-72 degrees C; 2) decrease of the peak E(c) - 0.4 eV at 150 degrees C, and 3) complete annealing of the peak E(c) - 0.4 eV at 350 degrees C. The transformation of carbon related defects consisted in the annealing of interstitial carbon (C-i) and simultaneous generation of C-i-O-i complex and was accompanied by a significant reduction of the reverse current. The decrease of the peak E(c) - 0.4 eV was observed in the temperature range of 72-350 degrees C and was affected by both the annealing of the E-center (V-P complex) and single minus charge state of divacancy (VV-) and by the changes in the filling of the deep levels in high or moderate resistivity Si. The results show the comparable role of the V-P complex and VV- center in formation of E(c) - 0.4 eV defect in high and moderate resistivity silicon. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP EREMIN, V (reprint author), AF IOFFE PHYS TECH INST,POLITEKHNICHESKAYA 26,ST PETERSBURG 194021,RUSSIA. RI Verbitskaya, Elena/D-1521-2014; Ivanov, Alexander/E-3993-2014 NR 13 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 387 EP 393 DI 10.1109/23.467814 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900037 ER PT J AU CHIANG, IH GARBER, E INAGAKI, T INO, K KABE, S KETTELL, S KOBAYASHI, M KOMATSUBARA, TK KUNO, Y LI, KK LITTENBERG, LS MORIMOTO, T NAKANO, T OMATA, K SATO, T SHINKAWA, T SUGIMOTO, S TAUCHI, K YAMASHITA, A YOSHIMURA, Y AF CHIANG, IH GARBER, E INAGAKI, T INO, K KABE, S KETTELL, S KOBAYASHI, M KOMATSUBARA, TK KUNO, Y LI, KK LITTENBERG, LS MORIMOTO, T NAKANO, T OMATA, K SATO, T SHINKAWA, T SUGIMOTO, S TAUCHI, K YAMASHITA, A YOSHIMURA, Y TI CSI ENDCAP PHOTON DETECTOR FOR A K+-]PI(+)V(V)OVER-BAR EXPERIMENT AT BNL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID UNDOPED CSI; RADIATION-DAMAGE; SEARCH; CRYSTALS; K+->PI+NU(NU)OVER-BAR AB We have constructed an endcap photon detector with undoped Cesium Iodide (CsI) crystals for K+ --> pi(+) nu ($) over bar nu experiment E787 at Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). To reject backgrounds it is essential to have a photon detection system with high efficiency, Good resolution for timing and energy is critical for reducing accidental vetoes in a high-counting-rate environment. The endcap detector is located in a 1 T magnetic field. Fine-mesh photomultiplier tubes are attached directly to the crystals for efficient light collection, and the fast-decay component of the CsI light output is selected by optical filters. The tube gains are monitored with the light from a xenon flash lamp and from light pulsers. The pulse shapes are recorded by transient digitizers based on charged coupled devices (CCDs), which enables precise determination of timing of endcap signals, The construction and performance of the detector are described. C1 KEK NAT LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. UNIV TOKYO,INST NUCL STUDY,TOKYO 188,JAPAN. OSAKA UNIV,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. RP CHIANG, IH (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 18 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 394 EP 400 DI 10.1109/23.467813 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900038 ER PT J AU ADAMS, D ADAMS, M BAUMBAUGH, B BERTRAM, I BROSS, A CASEY, D CHANG, S CHUNG, M COOPER, C CRETSINGER, C DEMINA, R FANOURAKIS, G FERBEL, T GRUNENDAHL, S HINSON, J HOWELL, B JOHARI, H KANG, JS KIM, CL KIM, SK KOLTICK, D LOBKOWICZ, F MARGULIES, S MOROMISATO, J NARAIN, M PARK, CH PARK, YM REUCROFT, S RUCHTI, R SOLOMON, J VONGOELER, E WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WON, E YU, YS AF ADAMS, D ADAMS, M BAUMBAUGH, B BERTRAM, I BROSS, A CASEY, D CHANG, S CHUNG, M COOPER, C CRETSINGER, C DEMINA, R FANOURAKIS, G FERBEL, T GRUNENDAHL, S HINSON, J HOWELL, B JOHARI, H KANG, JS KIM, CL KIM, SK KOLTICK, D LOBKOWICZ, F MARGULIES, S MOROMISATO, J NARAIN, M PARK, CH PARK, YM REUCROFT, S RUCHTI, R SOLOMON, J VONGOELER, E WARCHOL, J WAYNE, M WON, E YU, YS TI PERFORMANCE OF A LARGE-SCALE SCINTILLATING-FIBER TRACKER USING VLPC READOUT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB A large scale scintillating fiber tracker using visible light photon counter (VLPC) readout was built as a prototype for the upgraded D phi central tracker. This prototype has been under test at Fermilab for six months using cosmic rays. A description of the components of the tracker including the photodetector, fibers, lightguides, ribbons, and DAQ is given. Preliminary results on detected photon yield, position resolution, efficiency and VLPC performance are presented. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. KOREA UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. NORTHEASTERN UNIV,BOSTON,MA. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN. RICE UNIV,HOUSTON,TX. UNIV ROCHESTER,ROCHESTER,NY 14627. SEOUL NATL UNIV,SEOUL,SOUTH KOREA. RP ADAMS, D (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,CHICAGO,IL 60680, USA. RI Kim, Sun Kee/G-2042-2015 OI Kim, Sun Kee/0000-0002-0013-0775 NR 7 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 401 EP 406 DI 10.1109/23.467812 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900039 ER PT J AU KWAN, S ANDERSON, DF ZIMMERMAN, J SBARRA, C SALOMON, M AF KWAN, S ANDERSON, DF ZIMMERMAN, J SBARRA, C SALOMON, M TI TEST BEAM RESULTS OF A LOW-PRESSURE MICRO-STRIP GAS CHAMBER WITH A SECONDARY-ELECTRON EMITTER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID DIAMOND; DETECTORS; EMISSION; CSI AB We present recent results, from a beam test, on the angular dependence of the efficiency and the distribution of the signals on the anode strips of a low-pressure microstrip gas chamber with a thick CsI layer as a secondary-electron emitter. New results of CVD diamond films as secondary-electron emitters are discussed. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,I-56100 PISA,ITALY. TRIUMF,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 2A3,CANADA. RP KWAN, S (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,PARTICLE DETECTOR GRP,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 419 EP 422 DI 10.1109/23.467809 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900042 ER PT J AU HOLLAND, S AF HOLLAND, S TI AN OXIDE-NITRIDE-OXIDE CAPACITOR DIELECTRIC FILM FOR SILICON STRIP DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID FABRICATION; BREAKDOWN AB Silicon strip detectors with integrated coupling capacitors were fabricated on the same wafer with capacitor test structures and dielectric breakdown characteristics were evaluated. The standard silicon dioxide (oxide) dielectric was compared to a stacked film of silicon dioxide-silicon nitride-silicon dioxide (ONO). The thicknesses for the stacked film were chosen to give approximately the same value of capacitance per unit area as for the oxide. Since the dielectric constant of silicon nitride is approximately twice that of silicon dioxide, the ONO film can be made thicker than the corresponding oxide for the same capacitance. As a result the ONO film has a significantly higher breakdown voltage than that of an oxide film with equivalent capacitance. RP HOLLAND, S (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Holland, Stephen/H-7890-2013 NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 423 EP 427 DI 10.1109/23.467808 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900043 ER PT J AU HUBBARD, GS MCMURRAY, RE KELLER, RG WERCINSKI, PF WALTON, JT AF HUBBARD, GS MCMURRAY, RE KELLER, RG WERCINSKI, PF WALTON, JT TI MULTI-LINE GAMMA-RAY SPECTROMETER PERFORMANCE OF A SI(LI) DETECTOR STACK SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB Experimental data is presented which for the first time displays multi-line spectrometer performance of a Si(Li) detector stack at elevated temperature. The stack consists of four elements, each with a 2 cm diameter active area. Ba-133 and Ag-110m spectra are obtained using various techniques to enhance the peak-to-background ratio. Spectral data are shown as a function of temperature (94 K less than or equal to T less than or equal to 230 K) using optimized peak shaping. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP HUBBARD, GS (reprint author), NASA,AMES RES CTR,MOFFETT FIELD,CA 94035, USA. RI Chang, Yong/B-3541-2009 NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 441 EP 444 DI 10.1109/23.467804 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900047 ER PT J AU DEWITT, J DORFAN, D DUBBS, T GRILLO, A HUBBARD, B KASHIGIN, S NOBLE, K PULLIAM, T RAHN, J ROWE, WA SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A SPENCER, E WEBSTER, A WILDER, M WILLIAMS, DC CIOCIO, A COLLINS, T KIPNIS, I SPIELER, H IWASAKI, H KOHRIKI, T KONDO, T TERADA, S UNNO, Y IWATA, Y OHMOTO, T OHSUGI, T YOSHIKAWA, M TAKASHIMA, R MAEOHMICHI, H TAKAHATA, M TAMURA, N AF DEWITT, J DORFAN, D DUBBS, T GRILLO, A HUBBARD, B KASHIGIN, S NOBLE, K PULLIAM, T RAHN, J ROWE, WA SADROZINSKI, HFW SEIDEN, A SPENCER, E WEBSTER, A WILDER, M WILLIAMS, DC CIOCIO, A COLLINS, T KIPNIS, I SPIELER, H IWASAKI, H KOHRIKI, T KONDO, T TERADA, S UNNO, Y IWATA, Y OHMOTO, T OHSUGI, T YOSHIKAWA, M TAKASHIMA, R MAEOHMICHI, H TAKAHATA, M TAMURA, N TI SIGNAL-TO-NOISE IN SILICON MICROSTRIP DETECTORS WITH BINARY READOUT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We report the results of a beam test at KEK using double-sided AC-coupled silicon microstrip detectors with binary readout, i.e., a readout where the signals are discriminated in the front-end electronics and only the hit location as kept. For strip pitch between 50 mu and 200 mu, we determine the efficiency and the noise background as function of threshold setting. This allows us to reconstruct the Landau pulse height spectrum and determine the signal/noise ratio. In addition, the threshold/noise ratio necessary for operation with low occupancy is determined. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,KEK,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. HIROSHIMA UNIV,HIROSHIMA,JAPAN. KYOTO UNIV,KYOTO,JAPAN. OKAYAMA UNIV,OKAYAMA 700,JAPAN. RP DEWITT, J (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SCIPP,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064, USA. NR 6 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 445 EP 450 DI 10.1109/23.467803 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900048 ER PT J AU HILDRETH, MD JUNK, TR MARKIEWICZ, TW MASUDA, H MOURS, B NEAL, HA PRESCOTT, CY ROCHESTER, LS SUGIYAMA, A TAKAHASHI, T USHER, T YOUNG, CC SHYPIT, R FERO, MJ WILLIAMS, DC MASSETTI, R VENUTI, J HONMA, A AF HILDRETH, MD JUNK, TR MARKIEWICZ, TW MASUDA, H MOURS, B NEAL, HA PRESCOTT, CY ROCHESTER, LS SUGIYAMA, A TAKAHASHI, T USHER, T YOUNG, CC SHYPIT, R FERO, MJ WILLIAMS, DC MASSETTI, R VENUTI, J HONMA, A TI PERFORMANCE OF THE SLD CENTRAL DRIFT CHAMBER SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID STANFORD LARGE DETECTOR; SIGNAL-PROCESSING ELECTRONICS; ANALOG MEMORY UNIT; MICROSTORE AB We report for the first time on the performance of the Central Drift Chamber (CDC) of the Stanford Linear Collider Large Detector (SLD), which has been recording data since 1992. The low mass of the chamber and the use of a gas characterized by both a low drift velocity and low diffusion constant help to minimize the drift-distance measurement errors. We describe some of the calibrations and corrections applied to the data, and report on the resolutions achieved thus far. We measure an intrinsic drift resolution of 55-110 mu m in the region of uniform field. Analysis of the full drift-pulse waveform allows for efficient double-hit resolution of about 1 mm. Momentum resolution is characterized by the formula (dp(t)/p(t)(2))(2) = 0.0050(2) + (0.010/p(t))(2), where p(t) is expressed in units of GeV/c. Used in conjunction with the SLD vertex detector, the CDC permits' measurements of impact parameters of high-momentum tracks to the level of 10 mu m in the r-phi plane rind 36 mu m in the r-z plane. A resolution of 6.4% is achieved in the measurement of dE/dx for the electrons in Bhabha scattering events. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 1Z1,CANADA. MIT,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. IST NAZL FIS NUCL,SEZ PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. UNIV PERUGIA,I-06100 PERUGIA,ITALY. VANDERBILT UNIV,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. UNIV VICTORIA,VICTORIA,BC V8W 3P6,CANADA. RP HILDRETH, MD (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1109/23.467802 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900049 ER PT J AU CHAN, A CRAWLEY, HB EDSALL, DM FIRESTONE, A GORBICS, MS GORN, L LAMSA, JW MCKAY, R MEYER, WT ROSENBERG, EI THOMAS, WD WAYNE, MR BODINI, M CAVALLO, F GIORDANO, V MASELLI, L NAVARRIA, FL PERROTTA, A ROSSI, U VALENTI, G BASTIE, C BELL, W BURMEISTER, H CAMPORESI, T CATTAI, A FEINDT, M FURSTENAU, H GILLESPIE, D MARTIN, J SCHAEL, S CONTRI, R CROSETTI, G MEOLA, G MORELLI, A MORETTINI, P PIANA, G SANNINO, M SQUARCIA, S TRASPEDINI, L ALGERI, A BOHMER, R DEBOER, W KOHLER, W KONIG, B KREUTER, C PODOBRIN, O SEITZ, A WIELERS, M BONIVENTO, W CALVI, M CHIGNOLI, F DEMIN, A LEONI, R MAZZA, R NEGRI, P RAGAZZI, S TABARELLI DE FATIS, T TONAZZO, A CERRITO, L COLILLI, S GRAZIANI, E PASSERI, A PRIVITERA, P SORRENTINO, S SPIRITI, E STANESCU, C TORTORA, L CANKOCAK, K HOLMGREN, SO HULTQVIST, K JACOBSSON, R JOHANSSON, E KARLSSON, M MALGREN, T MOA, T THOLLANDER, L DOROBA, K KROLIKOWSKI, J LEWANDOWSKI, M MARSZAL, T SOSNOWSKI, R SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M SZYMANSKI, P AF CHAN, A CRAWLEY, HB EDSALL, DM FIRESTONE, A GORBICS, MS GORN, L LAMSA, JW MCKAY, R MEYER, WT ROSENBERG, EI THOMAS, WD WAYNE, MR BODINI, M CAVALLO, F GIORDANO, V MASELLI, L NAVARRIA, FL PERROTTA, A ROSSI, U VALENTI, G BASTIE, C BELL, W BURMEISTER, H CAMPORESI, T CATTAI, A FEINDT, M FURSTENAU, H GILLESPIE, D MARTIN, J SCHAEL, S CONTRI, R CROSETTI, G MEOLA, G MORELLI, A MORETTINI, P PIANA, G SANNINO, M SQUARCIA, S TRASPEDINI, L ALGERI, A BOHMER, R DEBOER, W KOHLER, W KONIG, B KREUTER, C PODOBRIN, O SEITZ, A WIELERS, M BONIVENTO, W CALVI, M CHIGNOLI, F DEMIN, A LEONI, R MAZZA, R NEGRI, P RAGAZZI, S TABARELLI DE FATIS, T TONAZZO, A CERRITO, L COLILLI, S GRAZIANI, E PASSERI, A PRIVITERA, P SORRENTINO, S SPIRITI, E STANESCU, C TORTORA, L CANKOCAK, K HOLMGREN, SO HULTQVIST, K JACOBSSON, R JOHANSSON, E KARLSSON, M MALGREN, T MOA, T THOLLANDER, L DOROBA, K KROLIKOWSKI, J LEWANDOWSKI, M MARSZAL, T SOSNOWSKI, R SZCZEKOWSKI, M SZEPTYCKA, M SZYMANSKI, P TI PERFORMANCE OF THE HPC CALORIMETER IN DELPHI SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB The performance of the High-density Projection Chamber (HPC), the barrel electromagnetic calorimeter of the DELPHI experiment, is described. The detector adopts the time projection technique in order to obtain exceptionally fine spatial granularity in the three coordinates (similar to 2 X 20 mrad(2) in theta x phi with nine samplings along the shower axes), using a limited number of readout channels (18,432). Among the various topics concerning the HPC construction and operation, major emphasis is given to the aspects related to the calibration in energy of the calorimeter, based mainly on the analysis of the detector response to (83)mKr decays, and to the treatment of ageing in the readout proportional counters. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT PHYS, AMES, IA 50011 USA. UNIV BOLOGNA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-40126 BOLOGNA, ITALY. CERN, CH-1211 GENEVA 23, SWITZERLAND. UNIV GENOA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-16146 GENOA, ITALY. UNIV HELSINKI, INST HIGH ENERGY PHYS, SF-00170 HELSINKI 17, FINLAND. UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST EXPTL KERNPHYS, W-7500 KARLSRUHE 1, GERMANY. UNIV MILAN, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-20133 MILAN, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, IST SUPER SANITA, I-00161 ROME, ITALY. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA, DIPARTIMENTO FIS, I-00173 ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, I-00173 ROME, ITALY. UNIV STOCKHOLM, INST PHYS, S-11346 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. INST NUCL STUDIES, PL-99681 WARSAW, POLAND. UNIV WARSAW, PL-99681 WARSAW, POLAND. RP IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL, AMES LAB, AMES, IA 50011 USA. RI Ragazzi, Stefano/D-2463-2009; OI Ragazzi, Stefano/0000-0001-8219-2074; DE MIN, ALBERTO/0000-0002-8130-9389; Sannino, Mario/0000-0001-7700-8383 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-9499 EI 1558-1578 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 491 EP 498 DI 10.1109/23.467923 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900055 ER PT J AU DEBARBARO, P BODEK, A BUDD, HS FAN, Q KIM, BJ MICHAUD, K OLSSON, M PILLAI, M SAKUMOTO, WK ALBROW, M BOSSERT, R DELCHAMPS, S EWALD, K FREEMAN, J KERBY, J KOSKA, W LIMON, PJ NOBREGA, F STRAIT, J BROMBERG, C HUSTON, J MANSOUR, JP MILLER, R RICHARDS, R YOSEF, C BARNES, V FAHLING, M LAASANEN, A ROSS, J SHEN, Q UCHIDA, T SUZUKI, J IWAI, J AF DEBARBARO, P BODEK, A BUDD, HS FAN, Q KIM, BJ MICHAUD, K OLSSON, M PILLAI, M SAKUMOTO, WK ALBROW, M BOSSERT, R DELCHAMPS, S EWALD, K FREEMAN, J KERBY, J KOSKA, W LIMON, PJ NOBREGA, F STRAIT, J BROMBERG, C HUSTON, J MANSOUR, JP MILLER, R RICHARDS, R YOSEF, C BARNES, V FAHLING, M LAASANEN, A ROSS, J SHEN, Q UCHIDA, T SUZUKI, J IWAI, J TI CDF END PLUG HADRON CALORIMETER UPGRADE - DESIGN, PRODUCTION AND QUALITY-CONTROL RESULTS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID MAGNETIC-FIELDS AB We present an overview of the CDF End Plug Upgrade Project. The structure of the upgraded calorimeter and the design of the optical readout system is discussed. We describe the production of scintillating tile/fiber multi-tile assemblies (megatiles) and present the quality control results of megatiles produced for the CDF End Plug Upgrade Hadron Calorimeter. The sample of megatiles presented in this analysis corresponds to approximately 16,500 individual tile/fiber assemblies. We discuss the quality control requirements and present the distributions of the quantities measured during the QC process. The various contributions to the tile-to-tile light yield variations are isolated and discussed. C1 FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB, BATAVIA, IL 60510 USA. MICHIGAN STATE UNIV, E LANSING, MI 48824 USA. PURDUE UNIV, W LAFAYETTE, IN 47907 USA. UNIV TSUKUBA, IBARAKI, OSAKA, JAPAN. RP DEBARBARO, P (reprint author), UNIV ROCHESTER, 601 ELMWOOD AVE, ROCHESTER, NY 14627 USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 510 EP 517 DI 10.1109/23.467920 PN 1 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900058 ER PT J AU ABE, K ANTILOGUS, P ASTON, D BAIRD, K BALTAY, C BEAN, A BENDAVID, R BIENZ, T BIRD, F CALDWELL, DO CAVALLISFORZA, M COLLER, J COYLE, P COYNE, D DIMA, M DOLINSKY, S DOLIVEIRA, A DUBOSCQ, J DUNWOODIE, W HALLEWELL, G HASEGAWA, K HASEGAWA, Y HUBER, J IWASAKI, Y JACQUES, P JOHNSON, RA KALELKAR, M KAWAHARA, H KWON, Y LEITH, DWGS LIU, X LU, A MANLY, S MARTINEZ, J MATHYS, L MCHUGH, S MEADOWS, B MULLER, G MULLER, D NAGAMINE, T NUSSBAUM, M PAVEL, TJ PLANO, R RATCLIFF, B RENSING, P SANTHA, AKS SCHULTZ, D SEN, S SHANK, JT SHAPIRO, S SIMOPOULOS, C SNYDER, J SOKOLOFF, MD SOLODOV, E STAMER, P STOCKDALE, I SUEKANE, F TOGE, N TURK, J VAVRA, J WEBER, T WHITAKER, JS WILLIAMS, DA WILLIAMS, SH WILLOCQ, S WILSON, RJ WORD, G YELLIN, S YUTA, H AF ABE, K ANTILOGUS, P ASTON, D BAIRD, K BALTAY, C BEAN, A BENDAVID, R BIENZ, T BIRD, F CALDWELL, DO CAVALLISFORZA, M COLLER, J COYLE, P COYNE, D DIMA, M DOLINSKY, S DOLIVEIRA, A DUBOSCQ, J DUNWOODIE, W HALLEWELL, G HASEGAWA, K HASEGAWA, Y HUBER, J IWASAKI, Y JACQUES, P JOHNSON, RA KALELKAR, M KAWAHARA, H KWON, Y LEITH, DWGS LIU, X LU, A MANLY, S MARTINEZ, J MATHYS, L MCHUGH, S MEADOWS, B MULLER, G MULLER, D NAGAMINE, T NUSSBAUM, M PAVEL, TJ PLANO, R RATCLIFF, B RENSING, P SANTHA, AKS SCHULTZ, D SEN, S SHANK, JT SHAPIRO, S SIMOPOULOS, C SNYDER, J SOKOLOFF, MD SOLODOV, E STAMER, P STOCKDALE, I SUEKANE, F TOGE, N TURK, J VAVRA, J WEBER, T WHITAKER, JS WILLIAMS, DA WILLIAMS, SH WILLOCQ, S WILSON, RJ WORD, G YELLIN, S YUTA, H TI THE ENDCAP CHERENKOV RING IMAGING DETECTOR AT SLD SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We present the Cherenkov Ring Imaging Detector in the endcap regions of the SLD detector and report initial performance. The endcap GRID was completed and commissioned in 1993 and is fully operational for the 1994 run. First Cherenkov rings have been observed. The endcap GRID detectors and fluid systems are described and initial operational experience is discussed. C1 STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,SERIN PHYS LAB,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. YALE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ,SANTA CRUZ INST PARTICLE PHYS,SANTA CRUZ,CA 95064. BOSTON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BOSTON,MA 02215. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. RP ABE, K (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. RI Cavalli-Sforza, Matteo/H-7102-2015; OI Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103 NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 518 EP 523 DI 10.1109/23.467919 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900059 ER PT J AU BOREL, H GRENIER, P LEMEUR, J LOMBARD, R LUGOL, JC MARRONCLE, J MORGENSTERN, J MOULY, JP PAUL, B STALEY, F TERRIEN, Y BRETON, V COMPTOUR, C CROUAU, M FONVIEILLE, H ROBLIN, Y SAVINEL, G GEARHART, R AF BOREL, H GRENIER, P LEMEUR, J LOMBARD, R LUGOL, JC MARRONCLE, J MORGENSTERN, J MOULY, JP PAUL, B STALEY, F TERRIEN, Y BRETON, V COMPTOUR, C CROUAU, M FONVIEILLE, H ROBLIN, Y SAVINEL, G GEARHART, R TI SHOWER COUNTERS FOR SLAG EXPERIMENTS E142/E143 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We briefly describe the two electromagnetic calorimeters each made of 200 lead glass blocks used at SLAG to discriminate between electrons and pions and to measure electron energies. Procedures to reconstruct electron showers and to calibrate calorimeters are treated as well as the calorimeter performance. C1 UNIV CLERMONT FERRAND,LPC,IN2P3,CNRS,F-63170 CLERMONT FERRAND,FRANCE. STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309. RP BOREL, H (reprint author), CE SACLAY,CEA,SPHN,DAPNIA,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 529 EP 533 DI 10.1109/23.467917 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900061 ER PT J AU ASTON, D HEARTY, C KADYK, J KAWAHARA, H LU, A LYNCH, G MCSHURLEY, D MEADOWS, B MULLER, D OXOBY, G POPE, W PRIPSTEIN, M RATCLIFF, B REIF, R SIMOPOULOS, C SMY, M STAENGLE, H STILES, P WANG, MZ WARNER, D WENZEL, W WILSON, RJ YELLIN, S ZHU, Y AF ASTON, D HEARTY, C KADYK, J KAWAHARA, H LU, A LYNCH, G MCSHURLEY, D MEADOWS, B MULLER, D OXOBY, G POPE, W PRIPSTEIN, M RATCLIFF, B REIF, R SIMOPOULOS, C SMY, M STAENGLE, H STILES, P WANG, MZ WARNER, D WENZEL, W WILSON, RJ YELLIN, S ZHU, Y TI TEST OF A CONCEPTUAL PROTOTYPE OF THE TOTAL INTERNAL-REFLECTION CHERENKOV IMAGING DETECTOR (DIRC) WITH COSMIC MUONS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB The DIRC is a totally internally reflecting Cherenkov imaging detector proposed for particle identification at the asymmetric e(+)e(-) B factories. First test results from a conceptual prototype using cosmic muons are reported. The photo-electron yield and the single Cherenkov photon resolution at various track dip angles and positions along the radiator bar have been measured. The results are consistent with estimates and Monte-Carlo simulations. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA,DEPT PHYS,VANCOUVER,BC V6T 2A6,CANADA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT PHYS,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106. COLORADO STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,FT COLLINS,CO 80523. UNIV IOWA,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,IOWA CITY,IA 52242. UNIV CINCINNATI,DEPT PHYS,CINCINNATI,OH 45221. RP ASTON, D (reprint author), STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. OI Wilson, Robert/0000-0002-8184-4103 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 534 EP 538 DI 10.1109/23.467916 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900062 ER PT J AU SMITH, GC YU, B AF SMITH, GC YU, B TI THE LINEARITY PERFORMANCE OF A 2-DIMENSIONAL, X-RAY PROPORTIONAL CHAMBER WITH 0.58MM ANODE WIRE SPACING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID HIGH-RESOLUTION; DETECTORS; AVALANCHE; COUNTERS AB A method of construction of multiwire chambers has been developed which yields x-ray images with very small non-linearity, in particular that due to anode wire modulation. The technique requires an absorption region in the detector, with the anode and upper cathode wires, which are parallel to one another, in registration with each other. Studies show that the strength of the electric field in the drift region determines the degree of anode wire modulation and, under specific conditions, modulation is halved in period and significantly reduced in amplitude. New interpolating cathodes have been developed to read out position in the other axis, along the anode wire direction. Position resolution in both axes between 100-150 mu m FWHM has been achieved. Two-dimensional images of small objects have been taken which show unprecedented linearity. RP SMITH, GC (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 541 EP 547 DI 10.1109/23.467915 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900063 ER PT J AU PATT, BE IWANCZYK, JS SZCZEBIOT, R MACULEWICZ, G WANG, M WANG, YJ HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO COX, AD AF PATT, BE IWANCZYK, JS SZCZEBIOT, R MACULEWICZ, G WANG, M WANG, YJ HEDMAN, B HODGSON, KO COX, AD TI THE MULTIELEMENT MERCURIC IODIDE DETECTOR ARRAY WITH COMPUTER-CONTROLLED MINIATURIZED ELECTRONICS FOR EXAFS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID X-RAY-ABSORPTION; FINE-STRUCTURE EXAFS; PROCESSING ELECTRONICS; PROJECT AB Construction of a 100-element HgI2 detector array, with miniaturized electronics, and software developed for synchrotron applications in the 5 keV to 35 keV region has been completed. Recently, extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) data on dilute (similar to 1mM) metallo-protein samples were obtained with up to seventy-five elements of the system installed. The data quality obtained is excellent and shows that the detector is quite competitive as compared to commercially available systems. The system represents the largest detector array ever developed for high resolution, high count rate x-ray synchrotron applications. It also represents the first development and demonstration of high-density miniaturized spectroscopy electronics with this high level of performance. Lastly, the integration of the whole system into an automated Computer-controlled environment represents a major advancement in the user interface for XAS measurements. These experiments clearly demonstrate that the HgI2 system, with the miniaturized electronics and associated computer control functions well. In addition it shows that the new system provides superior ease of use and functionality, and that data quality is as good as or better than with state-of-the-art cryogenically cooled Ge systems. C1 STANFORD SYNCHROTRON RADIAT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94309. STANFORD UNIV,DEPT CHEM,STANFORD,CA 94305. RP PATT, BE (reprint author), XSIRIUS INC,1220 AVE ACASO,CAMARILLO,CA 93012, USA. NR 25 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 558 EP 564 DI 10.1109/23.467914 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900066 ER PT J AU PULLIA, A KRANER, HW SIDDONS, DP FURENLID, LR BERTUCCIO, G AF PULLIA, A KRANER, HW SIDDONS, DP FURENLID, LR BERTUCCIO, G TI SILICON DETECTOR SYSTEM FOR HIGH-RATE EXAFS APPLICATIONS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID CHARGE AB A multichannel silicon pad detector for EXAFS (Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure) applications has been designed and built. The X-ray spectroscopic measurements demonstrate that an adequate energy resolution of 230 eV FWHM (corresponding to 27 rms electrons in silicon) can be achieved reliably at -35 degrees C. A resolution of 190 eV FWHM (corresponding to 22 rms electrons) has been obtained from individual pads at -35 degrees C. At room temperature (25 degrees C) an average energy resolution of 380 eV FWHM is achieved and a resolution of 350 eV FWHM (41 rms electrons) is the best performance. A simple cooling system constituted of Pettier cells is sufficient to reduce the reverse currents of the pads and their related shot noise contribution, in order to achieve resolutions better than 300 eV FWHM which is adequate for the EXAFS applications. C1 POLITECN MILAN,DIPARTIMENTO ELETTRON & INFORMAZ,I-20133 MILAN,ITALY. RP PULLIA, A (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. OI Pullia, Alberto/0000-0002-6393-747X FU NIBIB NIH HHS [P41 EB002035] NR 6 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 585 EP 589 DI 10.1109/23.467909 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900071 PM 26538683 ER PT J AU MOSES, WW DERENZO, SE MELCHER, CL MANENTE, RA AF MOSES, WW DERENZO, SE MELCHER, CL MANENTE, RA TI GAMMA-RAY SPECTROSCOPY AND TIMING USING LSO AND PIN PHOTODIODES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID DOPED LUTETIUM OXYORTHOSILICATE; DETECTORS AB The high density, highlight output, and short decay time of LSO (lutetium orthosilicate, Lu2SiO5:Ce) make it an attractive scintillator for gamma ray spectroscopy. The low cost, small size, high quantum efficiency, and ruggedness of silicon photodiodes make them attractive photodetectors for this same application, although their high noise (compared to a photomultiplier tube) reduces their appeal. In this work we measure the gamma ray energy resolution, timing accuracy, and conversion factor from gamma energy to number of electron-hole pairs produced with a 3x3x22 mm(3) LSO scintillator crystal read out with a 3x3 mm(2) silicon PIN photodiode. When the detector is excited with 511 keV photons, a photopeak centered at 1940 e(-) with 149 keV fwhm is observed and a timing signal with 35 ns fwhm jitter is produced. When the detector is excited with 1275 keV photons, a photopeak centered at 4910 e(-) with 149 keV fwhm I is observed acid a timing signal with 25 ns fwhm jitter is produced. While these performance measures are inferior to those obtained with photomultiplier tubes, they are acceptable for some applications. C1 SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RES CTR,RIDGEFIELD,CT 06877. RP MOSES, WW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Melcher, Charles/E-9818-2012 OI Melcher, Charles/0000-0002-4586-4764 NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 597 EP 600 DI 10.1109/23.467907 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900073 ER PT J AU LAVIETES, AD MCQUAID, JH RUHTER, WD PAULUS, TJ AF LAVIETES, AD MCQUAID, JH RUHTER, WD PAULUS, TJ TI DEVELOPMENT OF A PORTABLE AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE RADIOMETRIC ASSAYING INSTRUMENT SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID NUCLEAR AB There is a strong need for portable radiometric instrumentation that can accurately confirm the presence of nuclear materials and allow isotopic analysis of radionuclides in the field. To fulfill this need we are developing a hand-held, non-cryogenic, low-power gamma and X-ray measurement and analysis instrument that can both search and then accurately verify the presence of nuclear materials. We will report on the use of cadmium zinc telluride detectors, signal processing electronics, and the new field-portable instrument based on the MicroNOMAD Multichannel Analyzer from EG&G ORTEC. We will also describe the isotopic analysis that allows uranium enrichment measurements to be made accurately in the field. C1 EG&G IDAHO INC,ORTEC,IDAHO FALLS,ID 83415. RP LAVIETES, AD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 634 EP 638 DI 10.1109/23.467900 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900080 ER PT J AU BLISS, M CRAIG, RA REEDER, PL SUNBERG, DS AF BLISS, M CRAIG, RA REEDER, PL SUNBERG, DS TI REAL-TIME DOSIMETRY FOR BORON NEUTRON-CAPTURE THERAPY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID SCINTILLATING GLASS AB Epithermal/thermal boron neutron-capture therapy (BNCT) is a promising treatment method for malignant tumors. Because the doses and dose rates for medical therapeutic radiation are very close to the normal tissue tolerance, small errors in radiation delivery can result in harmful overdoses. A substantial need exists for a device that will monitor, in real time, the radiation dose being delivered to a patient. Pacific Northwest Laboratory (PNL) has developed a scintillating glass optical fiber that is sensitive to thermal neutrons. The small size of the fibers offers the possibility of in vivo dose monitoring at several points within the radiation field. The count rate of such detectors may approach 10 MHz because the lifetime of the cerium activator is fast. Fluxes typical of those in BNCT (i.e., 10(9) n/cm(2)/sec) may be measured with a single fiber because of this potentially high count rate and the small diameter of the fiber. RP BLISS, M (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RI Bliss, Mary/G-2240-2012 OI Bliss, Mary/0000-0002-7565-4813 NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 639 EP 643 DI 10.1109/23.467899 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900081 ER PT J AU EISSLER, EE LYNN, KG AF EISSLER, EE LYNN, KG TI PROPERTIES OF MELT-GROWN ZNSE SOLID-STATE RADIATION DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) crystals grown using the High Pressure Bridgman (HPB) technique were used to fabricate solid-state radiation detectors measuring 10 x 10 x 2 mm(3). Sputtered platinum and gold contacts were applied to polished detector blanks. Voltage versus current characteristics were determined for the devices at 25 degrees C. Pulse height spectra were obtained using Am-241 and Cd-109 at both 25 degrees C and 150 degrees C with applied bias of 9000 V/cm. Current versus temperature was measured over the temperature range of 30 degrees C to 150 degrees C. Performance was measured at energies of 22.1 and 59.5 keV over a temperature range of -70 degrees C to 170 degrees C. Current versus dose rate was measured with 662 keV gamma irradiation. A value of the Mobility-Lifetime product (mu tau) for electrons was estimated. Time and temperature dependence of photo-peak position using Pulse Height Analysis (PHA) was studied. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP EISSLER, EE (reprint author), EV PROD,375 SAXONBURG BLVD,SAXONBURG,PA 16056, USA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 663 EP 667 DI 10.1109/23.467894 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900086 ER PT J AU UNNO, Y UJIIE, N HINODE, F KOHRIKI, T KONDO, T IWASAKI, H TERADA, S OHMOTO, T YOSHIKAWA, M OHYAMA, H HANDA, T IWATA, Y OHSUGI, T OSHAUGHNESSY, K ROWE, B WEBSTER, A WILDER, M PALOUNEK, A ZIOCK, H PAL, T FRAUTSCHI, M COUPAL, D TAMURA, N KOBAYASHI, S MURAKAMI, A TAKASHIMA, R DAIGO, M HIGUCHI, M AF UNNO, Y UJIIE, N HINODE, F KOHRIKI, T KONDO, T IWASAKI, H TERADA, S OHMOTO, T YOSHIKAWA, M OHYAMA, H HANDA, T IWATA, Y OHSUGI, T OSHAUGHNESSY, K ROWE, B WEBSTER, A WILDER, M PALOUNEK, A ZIOCK, H PAL, T FRAUTSCHI, M COUPAL, D TAMURA, N KOBAYASHI, S MURAKAMI, A TAKASHIMA, R DAIGO, M HIGUCHI, M TI PROTON IRRADIATION ON AC-COUPLED SILICON MICROSTRIP DETECTORS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB To test the radiation tolerance of full-size detectors, four large-area AC-coupled single-sided silicon microstrip detectors were fabricated. The detectors had a size of 6 cm x 3.4 cm and were made out of a 300 mu m thick, high-resistivity, n-type silicon, simulating the p-side of the double-sided silicon microstrip detectors being developed. The AC coupling layer had either a single layer of SiO2 or double layers of SiO2 and Si3N4, in combination with the surface passivation of SiO2 or Si3N4. The detectors were irradiated at room temperature by 500 MeV protons at TRIUMF to a fluence of 5.7 x 10(13) protons/cm(2), promptly stored at 0 degrees C after irradiation, and periodically measured over the following year. The full depletion voltages showed a substantial annealing and a gradual anti-annealing. The result was compared with the predictions of existing damage parameterization. Time variation of other characteristics, such as leakage current, interstrip; and coupling capacitances, and strip-edge micro-discharges was also followed. C1 UNIV CALIF SANTA CRUZ, SANTA CRUZ, CA 95064 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87544 USA. UNIV NEW MEXICO, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87131 USA. OKAYAMA UNIV, OKAYAMA 700, JAPAN. SAGA UNIV, SAGA 840, JAPAN. KYOTO EDUC UNIV, KYOTO, JAPAN. WAKAYAMA MED COLL, WAKAYAMA 640, JAPAN. TOHOKU GAKUIN UNIV, SENDAI, MIYAGI, JAPAN. RP UNNO, Y (reprint author), HIROSHIMA UNIV, HIROSHIMA, JAPAN. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 675 EP 679 DI 10.1109/23.467878 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900088 ER PT J AU KELLER, PE KANGAS, LJ TROYER, GL HASHEM, S KOUZES, RT AF KELLER, PE KANGAS, LJ TROYER, GL HASHEM, S KOUZES, RT TI NUCLEAR SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS VIA ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS FOR WASTE HANDLING SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB In this paper two applications of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in nuclear spectroscopy analysis are discussed. In the first application an ANN assigns quality coefficients to alpha particle energy spectra. These spectra are used to detect plutonium contamination in the work environment. The quality coefficients represent the levels of spectral degradation caused by miscalibration and foreign matter affecting the instruments. A set of spectra was labeled with quality coefficients by an expert and used to train the ANN expert system. pur investigation shows that the expert knowledge of spectral quality can be transferred to an ANN system. The second application combines a portable gamma-ray spectrometer with an ANN to automatically identify radioactive isotopes in real-time. Two neural network paradigms are examined and compared: the linear perceptron and the optimal linear associative memory (OLAM). Both networks have a linear response and are useful in determining the composition of an unknown sample when the spectrum of the unknown is a linear superposition of known spectra. One feature of this technique is that it uses the whole spectrum in the identification process instead of only the individual photo-peaks. This approach has been successfully tested with data generated by Monte Carlo simulations and with field data from both sodium iodide and germanium detectors. C1 WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KELLER, PE (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, ENVIRONM MOLEC SCI LAB, K1-87,POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 16 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 709 EP 715 DI 10.1109/23.467888 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900094 ER PT J AU ERICSON, MN SIMPSON, ML BRITTON, CL ALLEN, MD KROEGER, RA INDERHEES, SE AF ERICSON, MN SIMPSON, ML BRITTON, CL ALLEN, MD KROEGER, RA INDERHEES, SE TI A LOW-POWER, CMOS PEAK DETECT AND HOLD CIRCUIT FOR NUCLEAR PULSE SPECTROSCOPY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB A low-power CMOS peak detecting track and hold circuit optimized for nuclear pulse spectroscopy is presented. The circuit topology eliminates the need for a rectifying diode, reducing the effect of charge injection into the hold capacitor, incorporates a linear gate at the input to prevent pulse pileup, and uses dynamic bias control that minimizes both pedestal and droop. Both positive-going and negative-going pulses are accommodated using a complementary set of track and hold circuits. Full characterization of the design fabricated in 1.2 mu m CMOS including dynamic range, integral nonlinearity, droop rate, pedestal, and power measurements is presented. The circuit operates with only 250 mu w for input pulses with 7 mu s peaking time. Power consumption was increased to 750 mu w for driving off-chip and test system capacitances. Analysis and design approaches for optimization of operational characteristics are also discussed. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375. RP ERICSON, MN (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 4 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 724 EP 728 DI 10.1109/23.467886 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900096 ER PT J AU BALDIN, B GREEN, D HAGGERTY, H HANSEN, S AF BALDIN, B GREEN, D HAGGERTY, H HANSEN, S TI D0 UPGRADE MUON ELECTRONICS DESIGN SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB The planned luminosity for the TEVATRON upgrade is ten times higher than at present (pound similar to 10(32) cm(-2) s(-1)) and involves a time between collisions as small as 132 ns. To operate the DO muon system in this environment, completely new electronics is required for its 17,500 proportional drift tubes. These electronics include a deadtimeless readout, a digital TDC with about 1 ns binning for the wire signals, fast charge integrators and pipelined ADCs for digitizing the pad electrode signals, a new wire signal triggering scheme and its associated trigger logic, and high level DSP processing. Some test results of measurements performed on prototype channels and a comparison with the existing electronics are presented. RP BALDIN, B (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 736 EP 742 DI 10.1109/23.467800 PN 1 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900098 ER PT J AU SIMPSON, ML BRITTON, CL WINTENBERG, AL YOUNG, GR AF SIMPSON, ML BRITTON, CL WINTENBERG, AL YOUNG, GR TI AN INTEGRATED, CMOS, CONSTANT-FRACTION TIMING DISCRIMINATOR FOR MULTICHANNEL DETECTOR SYSTEMS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE ID TIME AB An integrated, CMOS, constant-fraction timing discriminator (CFD) designed to accommodate the special requirements of large, multichannel detector systems is described. This CFD features on-chip, zero-crossing shaping and an automatic walk setting to limit the number of user adjustments. The circuit is realized in the Orbit 1.2 micron, N-well, CMOS process and operates with a 5 V power supply. The time walk in a 100:1 dynamic range (-15 mV to -1.5 V) is less than +/- 250 ps for a 10 ns rise time/10 ns fall time signal, yet the power dissipation is about 2 mW/channel. The discriminator has a 170 micron pitch, is 800 microns long, and is structured for arraying multiple channels on a single die. RP SIMPSON, ML (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457 NR 7 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 762 EP 766 DI 10.1109/23.467795 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900103 ER PT J AU ZIMMERMAN, T SARRAJ, M YAREMA, R KIPNIS, I KLEINFELDER, S LUO, L MILGROME, O AF ZIMMERMAN, T SARRAJ, M YAREMA, R KIPNIS, I KLEINFELDER, S LUO, L MILGROME, O TI THE SVX2 READOUT CHIP SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB A new readout chip called SVX2 is being designed for silicon detector systems at Fermilab. SVX2 is essentially an upgrade of the presently used SVX chip and contains extensive performance and feature enhancements. SVX2 is designed to accommodate much shorter beam crossing times (132 ns to 400 ns) with minimal increase in noise and power. Analog signal delay is formed by a double correlated sampling pipeline in order to allow time for trigger formation. Signal digitization of up to eight bits is performed on the chip with an A/D converter per channel. This allows threshold setting, sparsification, and readout to be purely digital, Design philosophy will be discussed and test results presented. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ZIMMERMAN, T (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 4 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 803 EP 807 DI 10.1109/23.467787 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900111 ER PT J AU OCONNOR, P AF OCONNOR, P TI LOW-NOISE CMOS SIGNAL-PROCESSING IC FOR INTERPOLATING CATHODE STRIP CHAMBERS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB A CMOS circuit for obtaining precision amplitude and timing information from the cathodes of a proportional chamber with interpolating cathode strips has been developed. The chip performs charge amplification, shaping, analog storage and multiplexing, and generates a prompt timing pulse which can be used for trigger purposes. Novel features of the IC include: preamplifier optimized for large (40-250pF) detector capacitance, digitally programmable gain and bandwidth of the fourth-order shaper, and an array of on-chip capacitors and switches for injecting charge for calibration. Noise is less than 1500 r.m.s. electrons with an input capacitance of 100 pF using bipolar 550 nsec shaping. Linearity is better than 0.8% over a dynamic range of 1500:1. The constant fraction discriminator has a time walk of +/- 2.5 nsec over the range 10-500 fC. Power dissipation is 50 mW per channel. RP OCONNOR, P (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,POB 5000,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 824 EP 829 DI 10.1109/23.467785 PN 1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900115 ER PT J AU SASAKI, O ANDRESEN, J GONZALEZ, H NOMACHI, M BARSOTTI, E AF SASAKI, O ANDRESEN, J GONZALEZ, H NOMACHI, M BARSOTTI, E TI TESTING OF THE HP G-LINK CHIP SET FOR AN EVENT BUILDER APPLICATION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB The Hewlett Packard HDMP-1000 G-Link transmitter and receiver chip set was tested for an event builder application. The re-lock time of the serial link when a data path is changed is less than 30 mu s provided fill frames are transmitted. With a 1 Wt data path switching rate, this results in less than a 3% data rate inefficiency due to re-synchronization, which makes the HP G-Link chip set effective for use in a large event builder for a hadron collider experiment. RP SASAKI, O (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 882 EP 886 DI 10.1109/23.467775 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900125 ER PT J AU KROEGER, RA JOHNSON, WN KINZER, RL KURFESS, JD INDERHEES, S ALLEN, MD ALLEY, GT BRITTON, CL CLONTS, LC ERICSON, MN SIMPSON, ML AF KROEGER, RA JOHNSON, WN KINZER, RL KURFESS, JD INDERHEES, S ALLEN, MD ALLEY, GT BRITTON, CL CLONTS, LC ERICSON, MN SIMPSON, ML TI CHARGE SENSITIVE PREAMPLIFIER AND PULSE SHAPER USING CMOS PROCESS FOR GERMANIUM SPECTROSCOPY SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We have developed a low noise, low power charge sensitive amplifier and pulse shaping circuit. Our application is for a double-sided germanium strip detector, nominally providing 50 independent spectroscopy channels. An array of these detectors would provide significant improvements in imaging, spectroscopy and sensitivity for space-based gamma-ray astronomy. The key features of these electronics are low noise, very low power, and a small footprint per channel. Performance of our first circuit is in good agreement with simulations, with similar to 205e noise rms (0 pF), and 3 mW/channel power consumption. Dynamic range is 0-3.3 MeV (germanium) with a linearity of +/- 0.6%. Performance of this prototype device will be discussed. C1 UNIV SPACE RES ASSOC,WASHINGTON,DC 20024. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KROEGER, RA (reprint author), USN,RES LAB,WASHINGTON,DC 20375, USA. RI Simpson, Michael/A-8410-2011; Johnson, Neil/G-3309-2014 OI Simpson, Michael/0000-0002-3933-3457; NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 921 EP 924 DI 10.1109/23.467881 PN 1 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900132 ER PT J AU ZITVOGEL, EP AF ZITVOGEL, EP TI A SAFETY SYSTEM FOR PERSONNEL AND EQUIPMENT PROTECTION AT THE AGS AND RHIC SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB Brookhaven's Booster and AGS accelerators will soon be operating in a mode whereby different particle species and intensities are alternately accelerated within the same machine during different machine cycles. This will allow the AGS to feed the experimental program and act as a RHIC injector when needed. Along with this great flexibility comes the burden of ensuring the safety of AGS and RHIC personnel and equipment by preventing the inadvertent acceleration of high intensity beam during a period intended for low intensity beam. The Co-injection monitoring system, under development now at BNL, will meet this need. This safety system will sense the intensity of the beam by integrating the beam current signal from a transformer and trip off the accelerator if the intensity exceeds a preset level. The system is dual redundant and contains self-test circuitry to ensure its functionality. This paper describes the Co-injection system. Where available, results of the initial operation will be presented. RP ZITVOGEL, EP (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 967 EP 971 DI 10.1109/23.467764 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900138 ER PT J AU MOSES, WW DERENZO, SE MELCHER, CL MANENTE, RA AF MOSES, WW DERENZO, SE MELCHER, CL MANENTE, RA TI ROOM-TEMPERATURE LSO PIN PHOTODIODE PET DETECTOR MODULE THAT MEASURES DEPTH OF INTERACTION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NUCLEAR SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1994 Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC) CY OCT 30-NOV 05, 1994 CL NORFOLK, VA SP IEEE AB We present measurements of a 4 element PET detector module that uses a 2x2 array of 3 mm square PIN photodiodes to both measure the depth of interaction (DOI) and identify the crystal of interaction. Each photodiode is coupled to one end of a 3x3x25 mm LSO crystal, with the opposite ends of all 4 crystals attached to a single PMT that provides a timing signal and initial energy discrimination. Each LSO crystal is coated with a ''lossy'' reflector, so the ratio of light detected in the photodiode and PMT depends on the position of interaction in the crystal, and is used to determine this position on an event by event basis, This module is operated at +25 degrees C with a photodiode amplifier peaking time of 2 mu s. When excited by a collimated beam of 511 keV photons at the photodiode end of the module (i.e. closest to the patient), the DOI resolution is 4 mm fwhm and the crystal of interaction is identified correctly 95% of the time. When excited at the opposite end of the module, the DOI resolution is 13 mm fwhm and the crystal of interaction is identified correctly 73% of the time. The channel to channel variations in performance are minimal. C1 SCHLUMBERGER DOLL RES CTR,RIDGEFIELD,CT 06877. RP MOSES, WW (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Melcher, Charles/E-9818-2012 OI Melcher, Charles/0000-0002-4586-4764 NR 10 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0018-9499 J9 IEEE T NUCL SCI JI IEEE Trans. Nucl. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 42 IS 4 BP 1085 EP 1089 DI 10.1109/23.467744 PN 1 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Engineering; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RP819 UT WOS:A1995RP81900158 ER PT J AU CHANDY, KM FOSTER, I AF CHANDY, KM FOSTER, I TI A NOTATION FOR DETERMINISTIC COOPERATING PROCESSES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PARALLEL AND DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE PARALLEL PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES; DETERMINISM; FUNCTIONAL PROGRAMMING; MULTICOMPUTERS; DEBUGGING AB This paper proposes extensions of sequential programming languages for parallel programming that have the following features: 1) Dynamic Structures: The process structure is dynamic, Processes and variables can be created and deleted. 2) Paradigm Integration: The programming notation supports shared memory and message passing models. 3) Determinism: Demonstrating that a program is deterministic-all executions with the same input produce the same output-is straightforward. Programs can be written so that compilers can verify that the programs are deterministic. Nondeterministic constructs can be introduced in a sequence of refinement steps to obtain greater efficiency if required. The ideas have been incorporated in an extension of Fortran, but the underlying sequential imperative language is not central to the ideas described here. A compiler for the Fortran extension, called Fortran M, is available by anonymous ftp from Argonne National Laboratory. Fortran M has been used for a variety of parallel applications. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MATH & COMP SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP CHANDY, KM (reprint author), CALTECH,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1045-9219 J9 IEEE T PARALL DISTR JI IEEE Trans. Parallel Distrib. Syst. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 6 IS 8 BP 863 EP 871 DI 10.1109/71.406962 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA RR696 UT WOS:A1995RR69600008 ER PT J AU PARVIN, BA PENG, C JOHNSTON, W MAESTRE, FM AF PARVIN, BA PENG, C JOHNSTON, W MAESTRE, FM TI TRACKING OF TUBULAR MOLECULES FOR SCIENTIFIC APPLICATIONS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PATTERN ANALYSIS AND MACHINE INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Letter ID FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY; DYNAMICS; MODEL AB In this paper, we present a system for detection and tracking of tubular molecules in images. The automatic detection and characterization of the shape, location, and motion of these molecules can enable new laboratory protocols in several scientific disciplines. The uniqueness of the proposed system is twofold: At the macro level, the novelty of the system lies in the integration of object localization and tracking using geometric properties; at the micro level, in the use of high and low level constraints to model the detection and tracking subsystem. The underlying philosophy for object detection is to extract perceptually significant features from the pixel level image, and then use these high level cues to refine the precise boundaries. In the case of tubular molecules, the perceptually significant features are antiparallel line segments or, equivalently, their axis of symmetries. The axis of symmetry infers a coarse description of the object in terms of a bounding polygon. The polygon then provides the necessary boundary condition for the refine ment process, which is based on dynamic programming. For tracking the object in a time sequence of images, the refined contour is then projected onto each consecutive frame. RP UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV INFORMAT & COMP SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 0162-8828 EI 1939-3539 J9 IEEE T PATTERN ANAL JI IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 17 IS 8 BP 800 EP 805 DI 10.1109/34.400570 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA RL035 UT WOS:A1995RL03500006 ER PT J AU MEEKS, E SHON, JW AF MEEKS, E SHON, JW TI MODELING OF PLASMA-ETCH PROCESSES USING WELL STIRRED REACTOR APPROXIMATIONS AND INCLUDING COMPLEX GAS-PHASE AND SURFACE-REACTIONS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RF GLOW-DISCHARGES; CHLORINE DISCHARGE; DENSITY AB A 0-D or well stirred reactor model determines spatially and time-averaged species composition in plasma-etch reactors, through solution of species, mass, and electron-energy balance equations. The use of well stirred reactor approximations reduces the computational expense of detailed kinetics calculations and allows investigation of the dependence of plasma chemistry on etch-process parameters. The reactor is characterized by a chamber volume, surface area, net mass flow or residence time, pressure, energy loss to surroundings, power deposition, and inlet-gas composition. The electron-energy equation includes a detailed power balance with losses to ions and electrons through the sheath, as well as inelastic and elastic collision losses. The model employs reaction rate coefficients for electron-impact reactions, which require an assumption of the electron energy distribution function (EEDF). We compare model results using Maxwellian EEDF's, as well as reaction-rate coefficients determined as a function of average electron energy through solution of the Boltzmann equation, for chlorine chemistry. The Boltzmann rates are determined by time-lagging the equilibration of electrons with applied electric fields. The Maxwellian reaction rates give higher ionization fractions than the Boltzmann rates, affecting the predicted electronegativity and positive ion composition for chlorine plasmas. The model also shows a strong sensitivity of the plasma composition to the assumed surface-recombination probability of atomic chlorine. RP MEEKS, E (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 44 TC 66 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 539 EP 549 DI 10.1109/27.467973 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300004 ER PT J AU DIPESO, G ROGNLIEN, TD VAHEDI, V HEWETT, DW AF DIPESO, G ROGNLIEN, TD VAHEDI, V HEWETT, DW TI EQUILIBRIUM PROFILES FOR RF-PLASMA SOURCES WITH PONDEROMOTIVE FORCES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID RADIOFREQUENCY INDUCTION PLASMA AB An analysis is given of the influence of the electron ponderomotive force on the equilibrium plasma profiles of partially ionized, radio frequency discharge sources. The ponderomotive force can be written as a gradient of a potential varying with the square of the RF field in the plasma and is largest for electrons. The impact of this electron ponderomotive force on density and electrostatic potential profiles is demonstrated using a one-dimensional analytic model with supporting numerical solutions and a two dimensional fluid simulation. For nearly collisionless plasmas, the ponderomotive force is valid when omega(ce)(h)/omega < 1 where omega(ce)(h) is the electron cyclotron frequency due to the RF magnetic field and omega is the RF driving frequency. In processing plasmas with parameters that satisfy this validity criteria, the equilibrium density profiles are weakly modified, For nearly collisionless processing plasmas with parameters such that omega(ce)(h)/omega > 1, the ponderomotive force, is modified by other nonlinear force terms that need to be evaluated. RP DIPESO, G (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 550 EP 557 DI 10.1109/27.467974 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300005 ER PT J AU ECONOMOU, DJ BARTEL, TJ WISE, RS LYMBEROPOULOS, DP AF ECONOMOU, DJ BARTEL, TJ WISE, RS LYMBEROPOULOS, DP TI 2-DIMENSIONAL DIRECT SIMULATION MONTE-CARLO (DSMC) OF REACTIVE NEUTRAL AND ION FLOW IN A HIGH-DENSITY PLASMA REACTOR SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ATOM TRANSPORT AB We present a two-dimensional direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) study of the rarefied reactive flow of neutrals and ions in a low pressure inductively coupled plasma reactor. The spatially-dependent rate coefficients of electron impact reactions and the electrostatic field were obtained from a fluid plasma simulation. Neutral and ion etching of polysilicon with chlorine gas was studied with emphasis on the reaction uniformity along the wafer. Substantial gradients in total gas density were observed across the reactor invalidating the commonly made assumption of constant gas density. The flow was nonequilibrium with differences in the species translational temperatures, and 100 K temperature jumps near the walls. When etching was limited by ions the etch rate was highest at the wafer center. When etching was limited by neutrals, the etch rate was highest at the wafer edge. In such case, the etch uniformity changed significantly depending on the reactivity of the ring surrounding the wafer. The ion angular distribution was several degrees off normal and it was different at the wafer edge compared to the rest of the wafer. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP ECONOMOU, DJ (reprint author), UNIV HOUSTON,DEPT CHEM ENGN,PLASMA PROC LAB,HOUSTON,TX 77204, USA. NR 26 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 6 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 581 EP 590 DI 10.1109/27.467978 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300009 ER PT J AU PENETRANTE, BM HSIAO, MC MERRITT, BT VOGTLIN, GE WALLMAN, PH AF PENETRANTE, BM HSIAO, MC MERRITT, BT VOGTLIN, GE WALLMAN, PH TI TECHNIQUES FOR NONTHERMAL PLASMA PROCESSING OF NO IN N-2 SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-IMPACT; NITROGEN; DISSOCIATION AB This paper presents a comparative assessment of three types of electrical discharge reactors: 1) pulsed corona, 2) dielectric-barrier discharge, and 3) dielectric-pellet bed reactor, The emphasis is on the efficiency for electron-impact dissociation of N-2 (e + N-2 --> e + N + N) and the subsequent chemical reduction of NO by nitrogen atoms (N + NO --> N-2 + O), By measuring the concentration of NO as a function of input energy density in dilute mixtures of NO in N-2, it is possible to determine the specific energy cost for the dissociation of N-2, Our experimental results show that the specific energy consumption (eV per NO molecule reduced) of different types of electrical discharge reactors are all similar, These results imply that, during radical production in electrical discharge reactors, the electric field experienced by the plasma is space charge shielded to approximately the same value. The specific energy consumption for the dissociation of N-2 using electrical discharge processing is measured to be around 240 eV per nitrogen atom produced, In the NO-N-2 mixture, this corresponds to a specific energy consumption of around 240 eV per NO molecule reduced. RP PENETRANTE, BM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 26 TC 180 Z9 191 U1 1 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 679 EP 687 DI 10.1109/27.467990 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300021 ER PT J AU VEERASINGAM, R CAMPBELL, RB MCGRATH, RT AF VEERASINGAM, R CAMPBELL, RB MCGRATH, RT TI ONE-DIMENSIONAL FLUID AND CIRCUIT SIMULATION OF AN AC PLASMA DISPLAY CELL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB A one dimensional multispecies model of a helium filled ac plasma display cell is described, The model includes a continuity equation for each species, Poisson's equation and a circuit equation, The fill gas is helium for which the cross sections for ionization and excitation for the various atomic states are well known, The reaction rates for the different species were parametrized as functions of E/N using a zero-dimensional spatial and two velocity multispecies Boltzmann kinetic code, Calculations are performed using address and sustain voltages operating at a frequency of 50 kHz to model the pulse behavior of a dielectric barrier discharge which occurs over a time scale on the order of 200 ns or less, The code simulates multipulse behavior and shows reasonably good agreement with experimental data The simulations show that the circuit filters out the discharge dynamics end that the pulse width of the discharge current depends on the circuit RC time constant. Using a 123 V sustain voltage, the calculated discharge current is 0.4 A with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 28 ns. Experimental values using a 120 V sustain voltage are 0.32 A discharge current and 42 ns FWHM. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP VEERASINGAM, R (reprint author), PENN STATE UNIV,UNIVERSITY PK,PA 16802, USA. NR 19 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 688 EP 697 DI 10.1109/27.467991 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300022 ER PT J AU CAMPBELL, RB VEERASINGAM, R MCGRATH, RT AF CAMPBELL, RB VEERASINGAM, R MCGRATH, RT TI A 2-DIMENSIONAL MULTISPECIES FLUID MODEL OF THE PLASMA IN AN AC PLASMA DISPLAY PANEL SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB A time dependent, two-dimensional model for simulating the plasma evolution in an AC plasma display panel (AC-PDP) is described, Reaction-convection (mobility)-diffusion equations for charged particles and excited heavy neutral species are solved along with Poisson's equation, a radiation transport equation, a surface charge buildup equation, and an external L-R-C circuit equation using a fully implicit numerical method. Electron-driven rate coefficients are computed with a O-D Boltzmann solver in the local held approximation. For studying the particle dynamics in pure helium, we consider a reduced model in which radiation transport is ignored and the excited species manifold is collapsed to composite metastable and excited states, The model predictions of breakdown voltage are quite sensitive to the value of the secondary electron emission coefficient assumed and the uncertainties in the electron-driven reaction rates. An initial comparison between the model predictions and I-V measurements from a specially constructed helium-filled panel if made with qualitatively similar behavior. The lack of quantitative agreement can be explained by a combination of uncertainties in the model input data and uncertainty in the initial surface charge state in the experiments. RP CAMPBELL, RB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 19 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 698 EP 708 DI 10.1109/27.467992 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300023 ER PT J AU LAPENTA, G IINOYA, F BRACKBILL, JU AF LAPENTA, G IINOYA, F BRACKBILL, JU TI PARTICLE-IN-CELL SIMULATION OF GLOW-DISCHARGES IN COMPLEX GEOMETRIES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID PARTICULATE CONTAMINATION CONTROL; 2 DIMENSIONS; FREQUENCY; FLUID; IMPLICIT; PHYSICS; MODEL; TOOL; FLIP; FLOW AB We present a general numerical framework for modeling plasma processing devices, Based on the particle-in-cell method, in which any material can be represented by particles, we model plasmas, fluids, dust particles and structures, and their interactions, We define classes of particles, each of which represents a different material, and each of which is hosted by an independent code module, For example, an object module represents structures and imposes boundary conditions corresponding to complex geometries on to the plasma and fluid particles, We describe the formulation of PIC for a drift-diffusion model, calculate the interaction with dielectrics and conductors, compare the results of the code with calculations of DC discharges, and present an example that illustrates the geometric complexity that can be modeled. RP LAPENTA, G (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,FLUID DYNAM GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. OI Lapenta, Giovanni/0000-0002-3123-4024 NR 29 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 4 BP 769 EP 779 DI 10.1109/27.467999 PG 11 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RW963 UT WOS:A1995RW96300030 ER PT J AU RAU, NS ADELMAN, ST AF RAU, NS ADELMAN, ST TI OPERATING STRATEGIES UNDER EMISSION CONSTRAINTS SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1995 IEEE/PES Winter Meeting CY JAN 29-FEB 02, 1995 CL NEW YORK, NY SP IEEE, Power Engn Soc AB The emission-constrained dispatch problem is formulated as a nonlinear constrained minimization problem. Consequently, the solution to the problem gives a continuous relationship between cost and annual emission for SO2. It is shown that the power system should be operated at the same value of the Lagrangian multiplier, eta, in every hour where eta is defined as partial derivative(production cost)/partial derivative(hourly emission). The addition of eta as a proxy cost of emission in the economical dispatch procedure achieves this goal. It is shown that the emission-eta relationship obtained by NLCM procedure can be used to make operating decisions, in particular, the trading of allowances. RP RAU, NS (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0885-8950 J9 IEEE T POWER SYST JI IEEE Trans. Power Syst. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1585 EP 1591 DI 10.1109/59.466484 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA RR795 UT WOS:A1995RR79500060 ER PT J AU PERKINS, RH RILEY, TJ GYURCSIK, RS AF PERKINS, RH RILEY, TJ GYURCSIK, RS TI THERMAL UNIFORMITY AND STRESS MINIMIZATION DURING RAPID THERMAL-PROCESSES SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SEMICONDUCTOR MANUFACTURING LA English DT Article AB The practical development and implementation of rapid thermal processes will significantly influence the semiconductor fabrication industry. With the capability to perform heat cycles quickly and with low thermal budgets, rapid thermal processors have the potential to supplant conventional thermal systems in the years to come, Currently, rapid thermal processors are unable to match the thermal process uniformity produced in conventional convective-based systems. Using a thermal model to approximate the heating characteristics of silicon wafers, it is possible to determine the effects of time-varying intensity profiles on a wafer during a rapid thermal process, Interpretation of this model shows idealized intensity profiles can maintain thermal uniformity at steady-state temperatures, During thermal transients a dynamic continuously changing profile is required to maintain thermal uniformity, As a predictive tool, this analysis can be used to determine and evaluate dynamic uniformity producing intensity profiles before thermal transients occur within a process, This approach can reduce the accumulation of error during high temperature steps not only by providing thermal uniformity at steady states, but by reducing the initial nonuniformities produced by transitions. This paper will review the wafer model, show the results of an idealized profile for steady-state and transient temperatures, and explain the dynamic profiles required for continuous uniformity. C1 N CAROLINA STATE UNIV,DEPT ELECT & COMP ENGN,RALEIGH,NC 27695. SEMATECH,AUSTIN,TX 78741. RP PERKINS, RH (reprint author), US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585, USA. NR 13 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 0894-6507 J9 IEEE T SEMICONDUCT M JI IEEE Trans. Semicond. Manuf. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 8 IS 3 BP 272 EP 279 DI 10.1109/66.401001 PG 8 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA RM524 UT WOS:A1995RM52400006 ER PT J AU STEARNS, SD AF STEARNS, SD TI ARITHMETIC CODING IN LOSSLESS WAVE-FORM COMPRESSION SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article AB A method for applying arithmetic coding to lossless waveform compression is discussed, Arithmetic coding has been used widely in lossless text compression and is known to produce compression ratios that are nearly optimal when the symbol table consists of an ordinary alphabet, In lossless compression of digitized waveform data, however, if each possible sample value is viewed as a ''symbol,'' the symbol table would be typically very large and impractical, We therefore define a symbol to be a certain range of possible waveform values, rather than a single value, and develop a coding scheme on this basis. The coding scheme consists of two compression stages, The first stage is lossless linear prediction, which removes coherent components from a digitized waveform and produces a residue sequence that is assumed to have a white spectrum and a Gaussian amplitude distribution, The prediction is lossless in the sense that the original digitized waveform can be recovered by processing the residue sequence, The second stage, which is the subject of this paper, is arithmetic coding used as just described, A formula for selecting ranges of waveform values is provided, Experiments with seismic and speech waveforms that produce near-optimal results are included. RP STEARNS, SD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2394 SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1874 EP 1879 DI 10.1109/78.403346 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA RN882 UT WOS:A1995RN88200012 ER PT J AU FEILJENKINS, JF NASH, KL ROGERS, RD AF FEILJENKINS, JF NASH, KL ROGERS, RD TI LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES WITH TETRAHYDROFURAN-2,3,4,5-TETRACARBOXYLIC ACID - THE EFFECT OF LIGAND RIGIDITY ON CATION SIZE-SELECTIVITY SO INORGANICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE CRYSTAL STRUCTURES; LANTHANIDE COMPLEXES; POLYDENTATE LIGAND COMPLEXES; CARBOXYLATE COMPLEXES ID EUROPIUM(III) COMPLEXES; STABILITY AB The stoichiometry and stability of lanthanide complexes with tetrahydrofuran-2,3,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid (THFTCA) have been investigated by potentiometric titration. X-ray crystallographic analysis of the monohydrate has confirmed identification of the THFTCA as the trans-cis-trans geometric isomer, having the 2,5 and 3,4 carboxylate groups on opposite sides of the THF ring. THFTCA . H2O crystallizes in the centric space group P ($) over bar 1 with a = 7.594(2), b = 8.137(3), c = 9.404(4) Angstrom, alpha = 107.08(3), beta = 101.48(3), gamma = 101.30(2) degrees and D-calc = 1.70 g cm(-3) for Z = 2. A variety of protonated complexes having M:L stoichiometries of 1:1 and 1:2 are proposed to describe the results of titrations with lanthanum(III), neodymium(III), europium(III), dysprosium(III) and thulium(III) (at 25.0 degrees C and I = 0.1 M). The 1:1 complexes increase in strength from La to Dy, but Dy complexes are of similar strength to Tm species (except at pH > 7). Stepwise stability constants for the 1:2 complexes suggest a size selectivity for Nd, but the overall stability of the 1:2 lanthanide complexes demonstrates no trend with the cation size. The complexes are significantly stronger than the structurally analogous lanthanide complexes with oxydiacetic acid. The increased stability and size selectivity reflects the influence of the favorable preorientation of the cation binding groups in THFTCA. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT CHEM,DE KALB,IL 60115. RI Rogers, Robin/C-8265-2013 OI Rogers, Robin/0000-0001-9843-7494 NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0020-1693 J9 INORG CHIM ACTA JI Inorg. Chim. Acta PD AUG PY 1995 VL 236 IS 1-2 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04606-A PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA RV745 UT WOS:A1995RV74500011 ER PT J AU CONNICK, RE ZHANG, YX AF CONNICK, RE ZHANG, YX TI ON THE APPLICATION OF AN OXYGEN PROBE IN CHEMICAL-KINETICS - THE INFLUENCE OF THE PROBE RESPONSE ON KINETIC MEASUREMENTS SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL KINETICS LA English DT Article AB Membrane covered oxygen probes are frequently used to monitor the progress of chemical reactions involving dissolved oxygen. For reactions that are comparable in rate to the response of the oxygen probe it is difficult to obtain the correct kinetic constants directly from the probe signal with traditional kinetic data manipulation methods. In this article, we apply the method of impulse response function to describe the probe signal of an oxygen probe for three different types of simple chemical reactions. The impulse response function is obtained experimentally. Using the impulse response function we have obtained the relationships between the probe signal and the kinetic parameters of these reactions. The slow response of the probe has two effects on the kinetic curves of the reaction studied: a time-lag and distortion of the shape of the kinetic curve throughout the reaction. The latter effect becomes significant when the reaction is fast. Procedures to obtain the correct kinetic information from the oxygen probe signal are described. (C) 1995 John Wiley and Sons, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CONNICK, RE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 605 THIRD AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10158-0012 SN 0538-8066 J9 INT J CHEM KINET JI Int. J. Chem. Kinet. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 27 IS 8 BP 829 EP 842 DI 10.1002/kin.550270809 PG 14 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RH712 UT WOS:A1995RH71200008 ER PT J AU LAURELL, H GROBER, J HOLST, LS HOLM, C MOHRENWEISER, HW LANGIN, D AF LAURELL, H GROBER, J HOLST, LS HOLM, C MOHRENWEISER, HW LANGIN, D TI THE HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE (LIPE) GENE LOCATED ON CHROMOSOME 19Q13.1-]13.2 IS NOT DUPLICATED ON 19P13.3 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY LA English DT Note DE HUMAN HORMONE-SENSITIVE LIPASE; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; CHROMOSOME 19; ADIPOSE TISSUE; LIPOLYSIS ID FAT-CELLS; SEQUENCE AB The existence of a DNA polymorphism at the hormone-sensitive lipase locus could be of great interest for genetic analysis of obesity and related disorders since hormone-sensitive lipase is the rate-limiting enzyme of adipose tissue lipolysis and therefore plays a key role in energy metabolism. The polymorphic dinucleotide repeat D19S120 was identified within a human genomic clone selected with a rat hormone-sensitive lipase cDNA, This marker was subsequently localized to the short arm of chromosome 19 (p13.3) whereas human hormone-sensitive lipase (LIFE) had been mapped to the long arm of chromosome 19 (q13.1 --> 13.2). A duplication of the hormone-sensitive lipase gene or the presence of a pseudogene could explain the discrepancy, Cosmids from the two regions were analyzed in Southern blot experiments, A human adipose tissue hormone-sensitive lipase full-length cDNA probe hybridized only to cosmids from the 19q13.1 --> 13.2 region whereas the D19S120 amplicon probe hybridized only to cosmids from the p13.3 region, These data show that the occurrence of gene duplication or the presence of a pseudogene on the short arm of chromosome 19 is very unlikely and that D19S120 is unrelated to the hormone-sensitive lipase gene. C1 CHU RANGUEIL,INST LOUIS BUGNARD,INSERM,U317,F-31054 TOULOUSE,FRANCE. LUND UNIV,DEPT CELL & MOLEC BIOL,MOLEC SIGNALLING SECT,S-22100 LUND,SWEDEN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR HUMAN GENOME,BIOL & BIOTECHNOL RES PROGRAM,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU STOCKTON PRESS PI BASINGSTOKE PA HOUNDMILLS, BASINGSTOKE, HANTS, ENGLAND RG21 2XS SN 0307-0565 J9 INT J OBESITY JI Int. J. Obes. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 19 IS 8 BP 590 EP 592 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA RM683 UT WOS:A1995RM68300012 PM 7489032 ER PT J AU WILSON, RH KAVRAKI, L LATOMBE, JC LOZANOPEREZ, T AF WILSON, RH KAVRAKI, L LATOMBE, JC LOZANOPEREZ, T TI 2-HANDED ASSEMBLY SEQUENCING SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBOTICS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GENERATION; ALGORITHM AB This article considers the computational complexity of automatically determining assembly sequences for mechanical products. Specifically we address the partitioning problem: given an assembly of rigid parts, identify a proper subassembly that can be removed as a rigid object without disturbing the rest of the assembly. We examine the complexity of the partitioning problem under various types of relative motions allowed for the subassemblies. We show that when arbitrary motions are allowed to separate the two subassemblies, partitioning is NP-complete. We then describe a general framework for reasoning about assembly motions called the interference diagram. in its most general form the interference diagram yields an exponential rime algorithm to partition an assembly. However two special cases of the interference diagram studied in this article yield polynomial-time sequencing algorithms. The first case occurs when assembly motions are restricted to single translations. The second case considers infinitesimal rigid motions in translation and rotation and yields a superset of all feasible partitionings. These two algorithms have important practical applications in assembly planning. C1 STANFORD UNIV,COMP SCI ROBOT LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305. MIT,ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LAB,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. RP WILSON, RH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,CTR INTELLIGENT SYST & ROBOT,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. RI Lozano-Perez, Tomas/J-9374-2012 OI Lozano-Perez, Tomas/0000-0002-8657-2450 NR 33 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 1 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 55 HAYWARD ST JOURNALS DEPT, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0278-3649 J9 INT J ROBOT RES JI Int. J. Robot Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 14 IS 4 BP 335 EP 350 DI 10.1177/027836499501400403 PG 16 WC Robotics SC Robotics GA RJ850 UT WOS:A1995RJ85000003 ER PT J AU CHUNG, I WEITSMAN, Y AF CHUNG, I WEITSMAN, Y TI ON THE BUCKLING KINKING COMPRESSIVE FAILURE OF FIBROUS COMPOSITES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID FIBER; CARBON AB In this paper, it is demonstrated that the compressive response of unidirectionally reinforced composites may initiate in a micro-buckling mode and subsequently switch to a micro-kinked configuration. The foregoing possibility derives from a mechanics model that considers initial fiber misalignments, a non-linear shear response of the matrix, shear deformable fibers, and stochastic fiber spacings. The last-mentioned non-uniformity in fiber spacings plays a major role in the generation of fiber kinks. Various features of the compressive deformation and failure process are exhibited by computational examples. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ENGN TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN. RP CHUNG, I (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT ENGN SCI & MECH,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0020-7683 J9 INT J SOLIDS STRUCT JI Int. J. Solids Struct. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 32 IS 16 BP 2329 EP 2344 DI 10.1016/0020-7683(94)00252-R PG 16 WC Mechanics SC Mechanics GA RG931 UT WOS:A1995RG93100004 ER PT J AU MADIGAN, D YORK, J AF MADIGAN, D YORK, J TI BAYESIAN GRAPHICAL MODELS FOR DISCRETE-DATA SO INTERNATIONAL STATISTICAL REVIEW LA English DT Article DE BAYESIAN GRAPHICAL MODELS; DECOMPOSABLE MODELS; DIRECTED ACYCLIC GRAPHS; MARKOV CHAIN MONTE CARLO; MODEL AVERAGING; LOG LINEAR MODELS; CLOSED POPULATION ESTIMATION; DOUBLE SAMPLING ID CONTINGENCY-TABLES; EXPERT-SYSTEMS; PROBABILITIES; SELECTION; NETWORKS; CENSUS AB For more than half a century, data analysts have used graphs to represent statistical models, Pn particular, graphical ''conditional independence'' models have emerged as a useful class of models, Applications of such models to probabilistic expert systems, image analysis, and pedigree analysis have motivated much of this work, and several expository texts are now available. Rather less well known is the development of a Bayesian framework for such models, Expert system applications have motivated this work, where the promise of a model that can update itself as data become available, has generated intense interest from the artificial intelligence community, However, the application to a broader range of data problems has been largely overlooked. The purpose of this article is to show how Bayesian graphical models unify and simplify many standard discrete data problems such as Bayesian log linear modeling with either complete or incomplete data, closed population estimation, and double sampling, Since conventional model selection fails in these applications, we construct posterior distributions for quantities of interest by averaging across models, Specifically we introduce Markov chain Monte Carlo model composition, a Monte Carlo method for Bayesian model averaging. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MADIGAN, D (reprint author), UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT STAT, GN-22, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. NR 43 TC 356 Z9 363 U1 1 U2 16 PU INT STATISTICAL INST PI VOORBURG PA 428 PRINSES BEATRIXLAAN, 2270 AZ VOORBURG, NETHERLANDS SN 0306-7734 J9 INT STAT REV JI Int. Stat. Rev. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 63 IS 2 BP 215 EP 232 DI 10.2307/1403615 PG 18 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA RP513 UT WOS:A1995RP51300007 ER PT J AU TSUBOI, K NOSE, T OKINAKA, RT CHEN, DJ AF TSUBOI, K NOSE, T OKINAKA, RT CHEN, DJ TI NONRADIOACTIVE MISMATCH ANALYSIS TO DETECT SMALL MUTATIONS IN HUMAN HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYL TRANSFERASE CDNA SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE & BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE BASE SUBSTITUTIONS; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; REPLICATION ERRORS; OSMIUM-TETROXIDE; POINT MUTATIONS; DNA; CLEAVAGE; AMPLIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; HYDROXYLAMINE AB We have combined a cDNA-driven PCR technique and a nonradioactive chemical-cleavage mismatch method, followed by a direct sequencing for detecting small mutations in the human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (HPRT) gene. HPRT cDNA was synthesized by RT-PCR from 1,000 wild-type or HPRT(-) mutant cells. Wild-type cDNA was hybridized with mutant cDNA to form heteroduplexes. The resultant mismatched bases were modified and cleaved by base-specific chemicals, followed by analysis by denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Cleaved fragments were detected without using radioactive materials. Finally, direct sequencing of the PCR products was performed with a focus on a small limited region indicated by the mismatch analysis (focused sequencing). In this study, three small mutations in exon-3 of HPRT cDNA were detected and characterized completely with this system. As compared with the radioactive method, this system was shown to be very simple and efficient. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV LIFE SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP TSUBOI, K (reprint author), UNIV TSUKUBA,INST CLIN MED,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST HEALTH PI TOKYO PA 2 CHOME KAMIOSAKI, TOKYO TOKYO 141, JAPAN SN 0021-5112 J9 JPN J MED SCI BIOL JI Jpn. J. Med. Sci. Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 48 IS 4 BP 163 EP 175 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA TA392 UT WOS:A1995TA39200001 PM 8569042 ER PT J AU GOYAL, A AF GOYAL, A TI PROGRESS TOWARD BULK APPLICATION OF HIGH-T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material RP GOYAL, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 47 IS 8 BP 55 EP 55 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA RM658 UT WOS:A1995RM65800011 ER PT J AU HAWSEY, R DALEY, J AF HAWSEY, R DALEY, J TI DOES PROGRAM ON THE APPLICATION OF HIGH-T-C WIRE SO JOM-JOURNAL OF THE MINERALS METALS & MATERIALS SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB The U.S. Department of Energy's Superconductivity Program for Electric Power Systems is engaged in activities to develop high-critical-temprature superconducting wire technology. The major thrust toward applications is done through the Superconductivity Partnership Initiative, which features four industrial consortia developing precommercial power technology. The success of the program depends on wire performance and cost-meeting application requirements when commercialization activities begin between 1998 and 2000. C1 US DOE,SUPERCOND SYST PROGRAM,WASHINGTON,DC. RP HAWSEY, R (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,SUPERCOND PROGRAM,POB 200B,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-J MIN MET MAT S JI JOM-J. Miner. Met. Mater. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 47 IS 8 BP 56 EP 58 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA RM658 UT WOS:A1995RM65800012 ER PT J AU MOROSIN, B KWEI, GH LAWSON, AC ASELAGE, TL EMIN, D AF MOROSIN, B KWEI, GH LAWSON, AC ASELAGE, TL EMIN, D TI NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION REFINEMENT OF BORON CARBIDES - NATURE OF INTERICOSAHEDRAL CHAINS SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE BORON CARBIDES; CBC CHAINS; NEUTRON REFINEMENT AB Our Rietveld structure refinements of neutron powder diffraction data of boron carbides with 10, 13, 16, and 20 at.% carbon indicate 15-25% vacancies at the central position of the intericosahedral chains. In addition, we find a comparable number of interstitials residing off the intericosahedral chains. However, X-ray diffraction studies on unirradiated boron carbide single crystals do not generally find these defects. This discrepancy may indicate that the observed defects are the remnants of defect cascades created by the energetic fission products of B-10 during the neutron diffraction measurements. The tendency to form vacancies in the center of the intericosahedral chain is consistent with the weak and soft binding of chain-center atoms that we previously inferred from other measurements. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 29 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 3 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 EI 1873-4669 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 226 IS 1-2 BP 121 EP 125 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(95)01585-X PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RT393 UT WOS:A1995RT39300022 ER PT J AU FORT, D PECHARSKY, VK GSCHNEIDNER, KA AF FORT, D PECHARSKY, VK GSCHNEIDNER, KA TI SOLID-STATE ELECTROTRANSPORT PURIFICATION OF DYSPROSIUM SO JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS LA English DT Article DE DYSPROSIUM; SOLID STATE ELECTROTRANSPORT; PURIFICATION; RARE EARTHS ID RARE-EARTH-METALS; CRYSTAL-GROWTH AB Solid state electrotransport has been used to refine polycrystalline dysprosium metal to a purity of 99.96 at.%, which is believed to be the highest purity ever reported for this metal. The relatively high vapour pressure of dysprosium at solid state electrotransport processing temperatures necessitated the use of an inert gas environment, as well as lower than ideal processing temperatures or reduced processing times, to restrict volatilization losses. The comparative advantages of high temperature, short-time versus low temperature, long-time electrotransport programmes were investigated. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,AMES,IA 50011. RP FORT, D (reprint author), UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SCH MET & MAT,POB 363,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. NR 10 TC 8 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-8388 J9 J ALLOY COMPD JI J. Alloy. Compd. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 226 IS 1-2 BP 190 EP 196 DI 10.1016/0925-8388(95)01592-2 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RT393 UT WOS:A1995RT39300037 ER PT J AU BROWN, GN STYRIS, DL HINDS, MW AF BROWN, GN STYRIS, DL HINDS, MW TI MECHANISMS CONTROLLING DIRECT SOLID SAMPLING OF SILICON FROM GOLD SAMPLES BY ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC-ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY .2. ATOMIZATION FROM AQUEOUS AND SOLID SAMPLES SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article DE GRAPHITE FURNACE ATOMIZER; MASS SPECTROMETRY; ELECTROTHERMAL ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROMETRY; SOLID SAMPLE ANALYSIS; SILICON; ATOMIZATION MECHANISM AB The mechanisms that control atomization of silicon from aqueous solutions and from solid-gold samples were investigated, in vacuo and in real-time, by mass spectrometry to explain recently observed correlations of free Si evolution from aqueous and from solid-gold samples. The results from monitoring gaseous silicon species that evolved from these two types of samples indicate that atomization mechanisms differ substantially. Free Si and SiO vaporized from both sample types, but SiC2(g) and Si-2(g) were unique to the aqueous and to the solid-gold samples, respectively. These observations imply that atomization occurs via dissociative adsorption processes during heating of the aqueous samples. For the solid-gold samples, the Si impurities are carried by convection to the surface of the molten gold where they vaporize. It is speculated that the correlations in free Si formation at atmospheric pressure are because of gas-phase collisions. These collisions can enhance dissociation of the Si-2(g) that forms only during heating of the solid samples. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. ROYAL CANADIAN MINT, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0G8, CANADA. NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE SCIENCE PARK MILTON ROAD, CAMBRIDGE, CAMBS, ENGLAND CB4 4WF SN 0267-9477 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 8 BP 527 EP 531 DI 10.1039/ja9951000527 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA RQ831 UT WOS:A1995RQ83100004 ER PT J AU RODRIGUEZ, MA SNYDER, RL SIMMINS, JJ GUO, YM CONDRATE, RA ROTELLA, FJ JORGENSEN, JD AF RODRIGUEZ, MA SNYDER, RL SIMMINS, JJ GUO, YM CONDRATE, RA ROTELLA, FJ JORGENSEN, JD TI STRUCTURE OF THE YBA4CU2(CO3)O-5.5+/-DELTA OXYCARBONATE SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED CRYSTALLOGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID POWDER DIFFRACTION PATTERNS; PHASE; PEROVSKITE AB The crystal structure of the YBa4Cu2(CO3)O-5.5+/-delta ((142') oxycarbonate has been investigated by X-ray and neutron powder diffraction techniques, X-ray diffraction patterns indexed as a tetragonal P4/m unit cell with lattice parameters a = 8.1973 (4) and c = 8.0360(5) Angstrom. Rietveld refinements of powder neutron diffraction data indicated a distorted cubic perovskite cell in which yttrium and copper are arranged to yield a superlattice double that of the typical perovskite unit. Refinements indicate CO32- ions substituted on two of the four Cu sites in the proposed cell. Infrared spectroscopy results were consistent with neutron structural analysis, giving strong supporting evidence to the presence of two unique carbonate sites in the unit cell. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV INTENSE PULSED NEUTRON SOURCE,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP RODRIGUEZ, MA (reprint author), ALFRED UNIV,NEW YORK STATE COLL CERAM,INST CERAM SUPERCONDUCT,ALFRED,NY 14802, USA. NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU MUNKSGAARD INT PUBL LTD PI COPENHAGEN PA 35 NORRE SOGADE, PO BOX 2148, DK-1016 COPENHAGEN, DENMARK SN 0021-8898 J9 J APPL CRYSTALLOGR JI J. Appl. Crystallogr. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 28 BP 429 EP 435 DI 10.1107/S002188989401143X PN 4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography SC Chemistry; Crystallography GA RP454 UT WOS:A1995RP45400009 ER PT J AU VAHEDI, V LIEBERMAN, MA DIPESO, G ROGNLIEN, TD HEWETT, D AF VAHEDI, V LIEBERMAN, MA DIPESO, G ROGNLIEN, TD HEWETT, D TI ANALYTIC MODEL OF POWER DEPOSITION IN INDUCTIVELY-COUPLED PLASMA SOURCES SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A simple analytic model valid for all collisionality regimes is developed to describe the power deposition in a cylindrical inductively coupled plasma source with a planar coil. The heating is ohmic at high pressures and remains finite at low pressures. The low-pressure collisionless heating is due to kinetic nonlocal effects. The model is in good agreement with other calculations of collisionless heating. A diffusion model is then used to determine the plasma density profile and the electron temperature in terms of the gas pressure and the source geometry. The heating and diffusion models are used to determine the scaling of the inductive electric field with applied frequency and input power, and the results are compared with published experimental data to verify the scaling. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ELECT ENGN & COMP SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP VAHEDI, V (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 21 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 1446 EP 1458 DI 10.1063/1.360723 PG 13 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RK576 UT WOS:A1995RK57600009 ER PT J AU CHEN, GY WARMACK, RJ HUANG, A THUNDAT, T AF CHEN, GY WARMACK, RJ HUANG, A THUNDAT, T TI HARMONIC RESPONSE OF NEAR-CONTACT SCANNING FORCE MICROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ATOMIC-FORCE; SURFACES; DNA AB One-dimensional harmonic oscillator theory was used to model tapping-mode atomic force microscope (TMAFM) operation in the near-contact region in the presence of gases and liquids. The force derivative of the tip-sample interaction changes the vibration amplitude and frequency at maximum amplitude of the cantilever. Additionally, the interaction is hydrodynamically damped by fluid motion around,the tip and between the tip and the surface. Good agreement was found between theoretical and experimental amplitude as a function of height. For a sample-driven TMAFM operating in fluids, the cantilever can be very soft (spring constant much less than 1 N/m) and operated at frequencies well above the fundamental. Under these conditions the cantilever and sample appear to act with a high spring constant, much like that used in a gaseous operation. The tip-sample interaction in the fluid is still mediated through the force derivative of the sample. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. RP CHEN, GY (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH SCI RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 26 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 1465 EP 1469 DI 10.1063/1.360304 PG 5 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RK576 UT WOS:A1995RK57600011 ER PT J AU RANKIN, J MCCALLUM, JC BOATNER, LA AF RANKIN, J MCCALLUM, JC BOATNER, LA TI ANNEALING-ENVIRONMENT EFFECTS IN THE EPITAXIAL REGROWTH OF ION-BEAM-AMORPHIZED LAYERS ON CATIO3 SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID RECRYSTALLIZATION; SAPPHIRE; SRTIO3 AB The effects of water-vapor ambients on the solid-state epitaxial regrowth of ion-beam-amorphized, near-surface layers on single-crystal CaTiO3 have been investigated using Rutherford backscattering-channeling spectroscopy, time-resolved reflectivity, and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The presence of water vapor in the annealing atmosphere increases the thermally induced epitaxial regrowth rate and, within the temperature range studied (400-550 degrees C), decreases the activation energy for this process. TEM micrographs from samples which were partially regrown in high-H2O-concentration atmospheres revealed uneven amorphous/crystalline interfaces with fluctuations on the order of 5-10 nm. Samples annealed in water-vapor-deficient atmospheres exhibited very flat interfaces after partial epitaxial regrowth. The morphologies of these interfaces are explained in terms of a segregation of hydrogen ahead of the regrowth interface. Additionally, it has been determined that the absence of oxygen does not affect the regrowth rate. Samples annealed in oxygen concentrations as low as 10(-21) atm exhibit growth rates that are identical to those measured for air-annealed CaTiO3 samples. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 ROYAL MELBOURNE INST TECHNOL,CTR MICROELECTR & MAT TECHNOL,MELBOURNE,VIC 3001,AUSTRALIA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP RANKIN, J (reprint author), BROWN UNIV,DIV ENGN,BOX D,PROVIDENCE,RI 02912, USA. RI Boatner, Lynn/I-6428-2013 OI Boatner, Lynn/0000-0002-0235-7594 NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 1519 EP 1527 DI 10.1063/1.360244 PG 9 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RK576 UT WOS:A1995RK57600022 ER PT J AU YANG, ZJ HULL, JR MULCAHY, TM ROSSING, TD AF YANG, ZJ HULL, JR MULCAHY, TM ROSSING, TD TI AMPLITUDE AND FREQUENCY-DEPENDENCE OF HYSTERESIS LOSS IN A MAGNET-SUPERCONDUCTOR LEVITATION-SYSTEM SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID BULK Y1BA2CU3O7-DELTA SUPERCONDUCTOR; PENDULUM; MOTION AB Using an electromagnetically controlled mechanical pendulum, we measured the energy loss for different amplitudes in a magnetic levitation system that contained high temperature superconductors (HTSs). Two procedures were followed to measure losses at 77 K for frequencies of 93.8 mHz to 80 Hz. In the first procedure, the distance between the permanent magnet and the HTS levitator was the same as that during (field) cooling. In the second procedure, the magnet was towered (after cooling) closer to the HTS levitator before the measurements were performed. The experimental data show that these two procedures give essentially the same results at the same distance despite different cooling (and magnetization) histories for melt-textured YBaCuO levitators, and the frequency-independent energy loss is a power-law function of amplitude. We attribute the energy loss to magnetic hysteresis in the superconductor. C1 NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DEPT PHYS,DE KALB,IL 60115. RP YANG, ZJ (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 15 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 78 IS 3 BP 2097 EP 2100 DI 10.1063/1.360187 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RK576 UT WOS:A1995RK57600111 ER PT J AU STILLWELL, LC THURSTON, SJ SCHNEIDER, RP ROMINE, MF FREDRICKSON, JK SAFFER, JD AF STILLWELL, LC THURSTON, SJ SCHNEIDER, RP ROMINE, MF FREDRICKSON, JK SAFFER, JD TI PHYSICAL MAPPING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A CATABOLIC PLASMID FROM THE DEEP-SUBSURFACE BACTERIUM SPHINGOMONAS SP STRAIN F199 SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Note ID CATECHOL 2,3-OXYGENASE GENES; GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; GENUS SPHINGOMONAS; TOL PLASMID; PSEUDOMONAS; DIOXIN; DNA; DEGRADATION; NAPHTHALENE; DIOXYGENASE AB A supercoiled 180-kb plasmid, pNL1, has been isolated from the deep-subsurface, chemoheterotrophic Sphingomonas sp. strain F199, and a physical map was generated. Analysis of a pNL1-derived cosmid library indicated that catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activity was linked to two distinct regions of the plasmid. Thus, the genes for aromatic catabolism in this Sphingomonas strain are, at least in part, plasmid encoded. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 28 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 177 IS 15 BP 4537 EP 4539 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA RL828 UT WOS:A1995RL82800048 PM 7635838 ER PT J AU FREEMAN, S KING, JC VIEIRA, NE WOODHOUSE, L YERGEY, AL AF FREEMAN, S KING, JC VIEIRA, NE WOODHOUSE, L YERGEY, AL TI INTRODUCTION OF A LIFETIME MEASURABLE DOSE OF CA-41 INTO BONE AND MEASUREMENT OF TURNOVER SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT NUTR SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NICHHD,BETHESDA,MD 20892. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 SU 1 BP S476 EP S476 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RN484 UT WOS:A1995RN48401349 ER PT J AU RYABY, JT MAGEE, FP HAUPT, DL KINNEY, JH FITZSIMMONS, RJ BAYLINK, DJ AF RYABY, JT MAGEE, FP HAUPT, DL KINNEY, JH FITZSIMMONS, RJ BAYLINK, DJ TI COMBINED TREATMENT WITH MAGNETIC-FIELDS AND PARATHYROID-HORMONE REVERSE OSTEOPENIA IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ORTHOLOG CORP,PHOENIX,AZ. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. JERRY L PETTIS MEM VET ADM MED CTR,LOMA LINDA,CA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 SU 1 BP S455 EP S455 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RN484 UT WOS:A1995RN48401266 ER PT J AU WILSON, AK BHATTACHARYYA, MH AF WILSON, AK BHATTACHARYYA, MH TI CADMIUM STIMULATION OF OSTEOCLAST ACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECH BIOL & BIOTECHNOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL INC CAMBRIDGE PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN ST, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 SN 0884-0431 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 SU 1 BP S326 EP S326 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA RN484 UT WOS:A1995RN48400750 ER PT J AU DISCHER, DE WINARDI, R SCHISCHMANOFF, PO PARRA, M CONBOY, JG MOHANDAS, N AF DISCHER, DE WINARDI, R SCHISCHMANOFF, PO PARRA, M CONBOY, JG MOHANDAS, N TI MECHANOCHEMISTRY OF PROTEIN 4.1S SPECTRIN-ACTIN-BINDING DOMAIN - TERNARY COMPLEX INTERACTIONS, MEMBRANE-BINDING, NETWORK INTEGRATION, STRUCTURAL STRENGTHENING SO JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RED BLOOD-CELLS; HUMAN-ERYTHROCYTE; BAND 4.1; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOSPHORYLATION; IDENTIFICATION; PURIFICATION; SKELETON; ELLIPTOCYTOSIS; MOLECULES AB Mechanical strength of the red cell membrane is dependent on ternary interactions among the skeletal proteins, spectrin, actin, and protein 4.1. Protein 4.1's spectrin-actin-binding (SAB) domain is specified by an alternatively spliced exon encoding 21 amino acid (aa) and a constitutive exon encoding 59 aa. A series of truncated SAB peptides were engineered to define the sequences involved in spectrin-actin interactions, and also membrane strength. Analysis of in vitro supramolecular assemblies showed that gelation activity of SAB peptides correlates with their ability to recruit a critical amount of spectrin into the complex to cross-link actin filaments. Also, several SAB peptides appeared to exhibit a weak, cooperative actin-binding activity which mapped to the first 26 residues of the constitutive 59 aa. Fluorescence-imaged microdeformation was used to show SAB peptide integration into the elastic skeletal network of spectrin, actin, and protein 4.1. In situ membrane-binding and membrane-strengthening abilities of the SAB peptides correlated with their in vitro gelation activity. The findings imply that sites for strong spectrin binding include both the alternative 21-aa cassette and a conserved region near the middle of the 59 aa. However, it is shown that only weak SAB affinity is necessary for physiologically relevant action. Alternatively spliced exons can thus translate into strong modulation of specific protein interactions, economizing protein function in the cell without, in and of themselves, imparting unique function. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV LIFE SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, JOINT GRAD GRP BIOENGN, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV CALIF SAN FRANCISCO, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94143 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK 26263, DK 32094] NR 52 TC 86 Z9 87 U1 0 U2 5 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 950 THIRD AVE, 2ND FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA SN 0021-9525 EI 1540-8140 J9 J CELL BIOL JI J. Cell Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 130 IS 4 BP 897 EP 907 DI 10.1083/jcb.130.4.897 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA RQ219 UT WOS:A1995RQ21900012 PM 7642705 ER PT J AU KRESGE, L HYDE, KE PALMER, DA AF KRESGE, L HYDE, KE PALMER, DA TI CONSTRUCTION AND TESTING OF A VARIABLE-TEMPERATURE POTENTIOMETRY CELL FOR STUDENT USE SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article ID ELECTRODE; CHEMISTRY C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KRESGE, L (reprint author), SUNY COLL OSWEGO,OSWEGO,NY 13126, USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0021-9584 J9 J CHEM EDUC JI J. Chem. Educ. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 72 IS 8 BP 756 EP 759 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Education, Scientific Disciplines SC Chemistry; Education & Educational Research GA TF087 UT WOS:A1995TF08700041 ER PT J AU DORAN, JC ZHONG, S AF DORAN, JC ZHONG, S TI VARIATIONS IN MIXED-LAYER DEPTHS ARISING FROM INHOMOGENEOUS SURFACE CONDITIONS SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE LA English DT Article ID MODELS; HETEROGENEITY; FLUXES AB Current approaches to parameterizations of sub-grid-scale variability in surface sensible heat fluxes in general circulation models normally neglect the associated variability in mixed-layer depths. Observations and a numerical mesoscale model are used to show that the magnitude of such variability can be significant. Over a domain of (41 km)(2), the standard deviation of simulated mixed-layer depths was found to be 21%-24% of the mean noontime values on three days, and the mean depths were not simply related to the mean sensible heat fluxes. Results obtained with two-dimensional simulations over idealized distributions of warm, dry and cool, or moist surfaces show that as the characteristic sizes of individual patches increase, the distributions of mixed-layer depths tend to assume a bimodal nature. Under these conditions, the mean mixed-layer depth may have little physical relevance: Finally, the use of domain-averaged values of wind and temperature to compute surface fluxes is shown to be another potential source of error in flux parameterizations. RP PACIFIC NW LAB, BLMTG, EESC, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 17 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0894-8755 EI 1520-0442 J9 J CLIMATE JI J. Clim. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 8 IS 8 BP 1965 EP 1973 DI 10.1175/1520-0442(1995)008<1965:VIMLDA>2.0.CO;2 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA RN694 UT WOS:A1995RN69400004 ER PT J AU MOSESSON, MW SIEBENLIST, KR DIORIO, JP MATSUDA, M HAINFELD, JF WALL, JS AF MOSESSON, MW SIEBENLIST, KR DIORIO, JP MATSUDA, M HAINFELD, JF WALL, JS TI THE ROLE OF FIBRINOGEN-D DOMAIN INTERMOLECULAR ASSOCIATION SITES IN THE POLYMERIZATION OF FIBRIN AND FIBRINOGEN TOKYO-II (GAMMA-275 ARG-]CYS) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE FIBRINOGEN; DYSFIBRINOGENEMIA; FIBRIN; FACTOR XIII; POLYMERIZATION ID ABNORMAL FIBRINOGEN; FIBRINOPEPTIDE-B; CROSSLINKING; MOLECULES; CLOTS AB Intermolecular end-to-middle domain pairing between a thrombin-exposed 'A' polymerization site in the central 'E' domain of fibrin, and a constitutive complementary 'a' site in each outer 'D' domain ('D:E'), is necessary but not alone sufficient for normal fibrin assembly, as judged from previous studies of a congenital dysfibrinogen, Tokyo II (gamma 275 arg --> cys), which showed defective fibrin clot assembly and a normal D:E interaction (Matsuda, M., M. Baba, K. Morimoto, and C. Nakamikawa, 1983, J, Clin, Invest. 72:1034-1041), In addition to the 'a' polymerization site, two other constitutive intermolecular association sites on fibrinogen D domains have been defined: between gamma chain regions containing the carboxy-terminal factor XIIIa crosslinking site ('gamma XL:gamma XL'); and between sites located at the outer ends of each molecule ('D:D') (Mosesson, M, W., K, R, Siebenlist, J, F, Hainfeld, and J, S, Wall, manuscript submitted for publication), We evaluated the function of these sites in Tokyo II fibrinogen, and confirmed that there was a normal fibrin D:E interaction, as determined from a normal fibrin crosslinking rate in the presence of factor XIIIa, We also found a normal gamma XL:gamma XL interaction, as assessed by a normal fibrinogen cross!inking rate, Judging from electron microscopic images factor XIIIa-crosslinked Tokyo II fibrinogen failed to form elongated double-stranded fibrils like normal fibrinogen, Instead, it formed aggregated disordered collections of molecules, with occasional short fibrillar segments, In addition, Tokyo II fibrin formed an abnormal, extensively branched clot network containing many tapered terminating fibers. These findings indicate that the Tokyo II fibrinogen defect results in a functionally abnormal D:D self-association site, and that a normal D:D site interaction is required, in addition to D:E, for normal fibrin or fibrinogen assembly. C1 BAXTER HLTHCARE CORP,ROUND LAKE,IL 60073. JICHI MED SCH,MINAMI KAWACHI,TOCHIGI 32904,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP MOSESSON, MW (reprint author), UNIV WISCONSIN,SINAI SAMARITAN MED CTR,SCH MED,MILWAUKEE CLIN CAMPUS,945 N 12TH ST,MILWAUKEE,WI 53233, USA. FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-47000]; PHS HHS [R01-11777] NR 31 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROCKEFELLER UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 222 E 70TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10021 SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 96 IS 2 BP 1053 EP 1058 DI 10.1172/JCI118091 PG 6 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA RM466 UT WOS:A1995RM46600048 PM 7635941 ER PT J AU ADALSTEINSSON, D SETHIAN, JA AF ADALSTEINSSON, D SETHIAN, JA TI A LEVEL SET APPROACH TO A UNIFIED MODEL FOR ETCHING, DEPOSITION, AND LITHOGRAPHY .1. ALGORITHMS AND 2-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATIONS SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HAMILTON-JACOBI EQUATIONS; MEAN-CURVATURE; EVOLUTION; MOTION; FRONTS; FLOW AB We apply a level set formulation to the problem of surface advancement in a two-dimensional topography simulation of deposition, etching, and lithography processes in integrated circuit fabrication. The level set formulation is based on solving a Hamilton-Jacobi type equation for a propagating level set function, using techniques borrowed from hyperbolic conservation laws. Topological changes, corner a nd cusp development, a nd accurate determination of geometric properties such as curvature and normal direction are naturally obtained in this setting. The equations of motion of a unified model, including the effects of isotropic and unidirectional deposition and etching, visibility, surface diffusion, reflection, and material dependent etch/deposition rates are presented and adapted to a level set formulation. The development of this model and algorithm naturally extends to three dimensions in a straightforward manner and is described in part II of this paper (in press). (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ADALSTEINSSON, D (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MATH,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 37 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 1 U2 12 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0021-9991 J9 J COMPUT PHYS JI J. Comput. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 120 IS 1 BP 128 EP 144 DI 10.1006/jcph.1995.1153 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical SC Computer Science; Physics GA RM121 UT WOS:A1995RM12100009 ER PT J AU GELLER, JT MYER, LR AF GELLER, JT MYER, LR TI ULTRASONIC-IMAGING OF ORGANIC LIQUID CONTAMINANTS IN UNCONSOLIDATED POROUS-MEDIA SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VELOCITIES; MIXTURES; ROCKS; SCALE; OIL AB Laboratory experiments were conducted to measure the change in the ultrasonic wave signature as a function of the fraction of nonaqueous-phase liquid (NAPL) contaminants in initially water-saturated sand samples. This represents a fundamental step in the application of high-frequency seismic measurements to detect and delineate NAPL contamination in groundwater. The NAPL's used are n-dodecane, iso-octane and Freon 113(R). P-wave velocity changes almost linearly as a function of the fraction of pore space occupied by NAPL. At a given NAPL fraction, the velocities rank with the bulk moduli of the NAPL's. The percent change in velocity at residual water saturation relative to the water-saturated medium ranges from 15% for n-dodecane to 31% for Freon 113(R). Velocity changes are significant relative to the ability of seismic methods to detect changes on the order of 5%. These data are described by a model previously derived by G.T. Kuster and M.N. Toksaz of P-wave transmission through a fluid matrix with spherical inclusions that is modified to account for a two-fluid-phase matrix. Amplitude data as a function of NAPL fraction are described by assuming the distribution of NAPL in the column and using attenuation coefficients for the water-saturated and residual-water medium. Amplitudes are shown to be sensitive to both the fraction of NAPL and its distribution, whereas velocity is only a function of NAPL fraction. RP GELLER, JT (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 19 IS 2 BP 85 EP 104 DI 10.1016/0169-7722(95)00014-M PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA RH872 UT WOS:A1995RH87200001 ER PT J AU CHEN, KH HUBER, JT SIMAS, J THEURER, CB YU, P CHAN, SC SANTOS, F WU, Z SWINGLE, RS DEPETERS, EJ AF CHEN, KH HUBER, JT SIMAS, J THEURER, CB YU, P CHAN, SC SANTOS, F WU, Z SWINGLE, RS DEPETERS, EJ TI EFFECT OF ENZYME TREATMENT OR STEAM-FLAKING OF SORGHUM GRAIN ON LACTATION AND DIGESTION IN DAIRY-COWS SO JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE STEAM-NAKED SORGHUM GRAIN; FUNGAL ENZYME; LACTATING COWS ID RUMINAL STARCH DEGRADABILITY; HOLSTEIN COWS; FIBER SOURCE; DEGRADATION; RUMEN; DIETS AB Effects of addition of a fungal enzyme (reported to have amylolytic and proteolytic activities) to dry-rolled or steam-flaked sorghum grain (40% of dietary DM) were tested for 70 d with 36 lactating Holstein cows in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Compared with dry-rolling, steam-flaking resulted in increased yield of milk, milk protein, and 3.5% FCM; percentage of milk protein; and efficiency of feed utilization (FCM/DMI). Milk casein (as a percentage of milk N) was not altered, but milk urea N was lower, for cows fed steam-flaked sorghum. With steam-flaking, milk fat percentage decreased, short-chain fatty acids (C-8 to C-14) increased, but long-chain fatty acids (C-16 to C-18) were not affected. No yield parameters were altered by enzyme addition, except that the percentage of lactose in milk increased (5.02 vs. 4.96%). Steam-flaking of sorghum grain increased digestibilities of DM, OM, and starch (63 vs. 57%; 66 vs. 59%; and 98 vs. 83%, respectively) compared with dry-rolling. Enzyme addition did not affect starch digestibility, but digestibilities of DM, OM, CP, and NDF were greater when flaked grain was treated with enzyme, resulting in significant interaction effects. This study demonstrated higher milk and milk protein yields for cows fed steam-flaked sorghum than for cows fed dry-rolled sorghum, but addition of a sorghum-specific enzyme had no significant effect. C1 UNIV ARIZONA,DEPT ANIM SCI,TUCSON,AZ 85721. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ANIM SCI,DAVIS,CA 95616. NR 28 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DAIRY SCIENCE ASSN PI CHAMPAIGN PA 309 W CLARK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820 SN 0022-0302 J9 J DAIRY SCI JI J. Dairy Sci PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 1721 EP 1727 PG 7 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Food Science & Technology SC Agriculture; Food Science & Technology GA RY238 UT WOS:A1995RY23800009 PM 8786256 ER PT J AU GHANI, T HOYT, JL MCCARTHY, AM GIBBONS, JF AF GHANI, T HOYT, JL MCCARTHY, AM GIBBONS, JF TI CONTROL OF IMPLANT-DAMAGE-ENHANCED BORON-DIFFUSION IN EPITAXIALLY GROWN N-SI/P-SI1-XGEX/N-SI HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR-TRANSISTORS SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE BORON DIFFUSION IN SI; HETEROJUNCTION BIPOLAR TRANSISTOR (HBT); IMPLANT DAMAGE ENHANCED DIFFUSION; PULSED LASER ANNEALING; SIGE ID LAYERS; OXYGEN AB Boron out-diffusion in epitaxially grown n-Si/p(+)-Si1-xGex/n-Si heterojunction bipolar transistors is significantly enhanced during 850 degrees C, 10 s rapid thermal annealing following arsenic emitter contact implantation. In this paper, we introduce three techniques which dramatically reduce boron out-diffusion during implant activation. Limiting the post-implant processing to 600 degrees C for 2 min results in minimal diffusion giving acceptable device performance. A second technique involves pulsed laser annealing of the As implant, which removes residual defects and eliminates enhanced diffusion during subsequent thermal processing. Finally, we show that high bulk concentrations of oxygen in the Si1-xGex (similar to 10(20) cm(-3)) dramatically reduce the implant-damage-enhanced boron diffusion. In addition to the depth profiles, electrical measurements performed on heterojunction bipolar transistors, incorporating these fabrication techniques, show ideal collector current characteristics and confirm the absence of deleterious boron out-diffusion effects. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP GHANI, T (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,SOLID STATE ELECTR LAB,STANFORD,CA 94305, USA. NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 24 IS 8 BP 999 EP 1002 DI 10.1007/BF02652973 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA RN054 UT WOS:A1995RN05400013 ER PT J AU BUETTNER, HM DAILY, WD AF BUETTNER, HM DAILY, WD TI CLEANING CONTAMINATED SOIL USING ELECTRICAL HEATING AND AIR STRIPPING SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article ID HYDROCARBON AB In the summer of 1992, a proof-of-concept demonstration of direct electrical heating and air stripping was conducted for enhancing the removal of a volatile organic contaminant, trichloroethylene (TCE), from soil. Six electrodes were buried in shallow boreholes so that a target region 6.1 m in diameter and 3.05 m in height was heated by ohmic dissipation of power-line-frequency electrical currents supplied by a diesel generator. Air stripping of TCE contamination from the same region was accomplished from a single well at the center of the heated volume. The electrical energy used during the demonstration was 3.46 x 10(10) J (9,600 kW . h), and the temperature of the extracted air rose from 16 degrees C to 38 degrees C. An energy balance shows that the input energy is consistent with the temperature rise in the target volume and the amount of water vaporized at the electrodes. Prior to heating, the TCE concentration in the vapor decreased from about 80 parts per million by volume (ppm(v)) to around 60 ppm(v). As soon as electrical heating started, TCE concentrations began to increase. Some concentration data were lost shortly after electrical heating began. After the system was repaired, the TCE concentration fell rapidly from about 140 ppm(v) to 5 ppm(v) over a period of about 25 days. A simple two-dimensional model for calculation of hearing rates is also presented and verified experimentally. Finally some of the operational and safety issues associated with electrical heating are discussed. RP BUETTNER, HM (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT ELECTR ENGN,L-156,7000 EAST AVE,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD AUG PY 1995 VL 121 IS 8 BP 580 EP 589 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(1995)121:8(580) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA RK485 UT WOS:A1995RK48500006 ER PT J AU BELK, MC AF BELK, MC TI VARIATION IN GROWTH AND AGE AT MATURITY IN BLUEGILL SUNFISH - GENETIC OR ENVIRONMENTAL-EFFECTS SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE GROWTH; PREDATION; AGE SIZE AT MATURITY; LEPOMIS MACROCHIRUS; COMMON-GARDEN EXPERIMENTS; PLASTICITY ID LIFE-HISTORY SHIFTS; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; LEPOMIS-MACROCHIRUS; LONGEAR SUNFISH; FEMALE MIMICRY; REPRODUCTION; CONSEQUENCES; EVOLUTION; FISH; POPULATIONS AB Populations of bluegill sunfish Lepomis macrochirus, experiencing heavy juvenile predation, showed increased growth rates and increased age and size at maturity relative to populations experiencing decreased predation on juveniles but increased predation on adults. This study examined bluegills experimentally from both types of populations and a cross between them in a common environment to determine if variation in growth and age at maturity is generically or environmentally induced. Two factorial experiments, varying strain of bluegills and resource availability, were used to evaluate differences in growth rate. One experiment, varying strain of bluegills, was used to assess differences in age at maturity. Growth was strongly influenced by resource level, but growth rate did not vary among populations. Nearly all bluegills in each population matured at 1 year of age in a common environment. Thus, variation observed in source populations must be mostly attributable to differences in the environment between populations. At least three factors could potentially cause differences in growth and age at maturity: (1) variation in resource availability; (2) variation in demographic structure; and (3) variation in size-specific mortality rates caused by differences in predator abundance between populations. Observed patterns of variation between populations are best explained by effects of differences in predator populations. (C) 1995 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles C1 UNIV GEORGIA,SAVANNAH RIVER ECOL LAB,AIKEN,SC 29802. NR 35 TC 37 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS (LONDON) LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON, ENGLAND NW1 7DX SN 0022-1112 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 47 IS 2 BP 237 EP 247 DI 10.1111/j.1095-8649.1995.tb01891.x PG 11 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA RP439 UT WOS:A1995RP43900005 ER PT J AU ABNEY, KD ELLER, PG EASTMAN, MP PACE, CF KINKEAD, SA KISSANE, RJ WOODRUFF, WH AF ABNEY, KD ELLER, PG EASTMAN, MP PACE, CF KINKEAD, SA KISSANE, RJ WOODRUFF, WH TI THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS OF GASEOUS DIOXYGEN DIFLUORIDE AND DIOXYGEN FLUORIDE AT AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE THERMAL DECOMPOSITION REACTIONS; DIOXYGEN DIFLUORIDE; DIOXYGEN FLUORIDE; IR SPECTROSCOPY; EPR SPECTROSCOPY ID VIBRATIONAL INTENSITY; PHOTOLYSIS AB The decomposition of gaseous dioxygen difluoride (FOOF) and dioxygen fluoride (FOG) to F-2 and O-2 at ambient temperature has been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and transient gas pressure measurements. The formation of oxygen in FOOF/FOO gas mixtures, as demonstrated by stopped-flow EPR, was first-order under low-pressure conditions (1-10 Torr) with rate constants in the range of 0.1-0.2 s(-1), depending upon wall materials. EPR spectroscopy detected neither F atoms nor FOO radicals as intermediates despite the presence of FOO radicals shown by complementary FT-IR experiments. The FT-IR spectra of gaseous FOOF undergoing decomposition at ambient temperature showed prominent, isolated bands near 1210 cm(-1) (FOOF) and near 1490 cm(-1) (FOG). Overlapping bands attributable to both species were seen near 650 cm(-1), and weak features appeared elsewhere. At nominal initial FOOF/FOO pressures of 4-20 Torr, results from stopped-flow FT-IR kinetics analysis using these bands generally agreed with the EPR results and yielded first-order rate constants of 0.12 +/- 0.01 s(-1) and 0.22 +/- 0.03 s(-1), respectively, for FOO and FOOF disappearance. Oxygen-carrier FT-IR experiments strongly suggested that a reversible reaction between FOOF and O-2 forms FOO (K-eq approximate to 0.018), and that this reaction was rapid relative to FOOF/FOO decomposition. Analysis of the stopped-flow FT-IR results yielded infrared peak absorptivities for FOOF absorption at 1205 cm(-1) of 1.8 +/- 0.4 X 10(-3) (Torr cm)(-1) and for FOO absorption at 1486 cm(-1) of 3.5 +/- 1 X 10(-3) (Torr cm)(-1). The observed kinetics are discussed in terms of the possible decomposition reaction mechanisms. C1 NO ARIZONA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,FLAGSTAFF,AZ 86011. RP ABNEY, KD (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV ISOTOPE & NUCL CHEM,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Eastman, Michael /C-2621-2011 NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 73 IS 2 BP 137 EP 146 DI 10.1016/0022-1139(95)03230-B PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RR620 UT WOS:A1995RR62000003 ER PT J AU FELDMAN, WC HONES, EW BARRACLOUGH, BL REEVES, GD BELIAN, RD CAYTON, TE LEE, P LEPPING, RP TROMBKA, JI STARR, R MOERSCH, J SQUYRES, SW RICH, FJ AF FELDMAN, WC HONES, EW BARRACLOUGH, BL REEVES, GD BELIAN, RD CAYTON, TE LEE, P LEPPING, RP TROMBKA, JI STARR, R MOERSCH, J SQUYRES, SW RICH, FJ TI POSSIBLE CONJUGATE RECONNECTION AT THE HIGH-LATITUDE MAGNETOPAUSE SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-PRECIPITATION; MAGNETIC-FIELD; BOUNDARY-LAYER; RELATIVISTIC ELECTRONS; MAGNETOSPHERE; INTERPLANETARY; TRANSMITTER; RADIATION; EMISSIONS; MODEL AB Coordinated analysis of data sets from X ray, energetic electron, ionospheric convection velocity, interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), and solar wind plasma experiments yields a comprehensive picture of the stimulated precipitation of trapped relativistic electrons simultaneously onto both polar caps in response to a sharp northward-dawnward turning of the IMF after initiation of a substorm at about 1200 UT on December 17, 1992. Although several explanations are possible, these observations are consistent with the occurrence of conjugate magnetic reconnection tailward of both geomagnetic cusps caused by the draping of northward and dawnward directed IMF over the dayside magnetopause. C1 NASA,GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CTR,GREENBELT,MD 20771. CORNELL UNIV,CTR RADIOPHYS & SPACE RES,ITHACA,NY 14853. PHILLIPS LAB,BEDFORD,MA 01731. CATHOLIC UNIV AMER,WASHINGTON,DC 20064. RP FELDMAN, WC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,MS-D466,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Moersch, Jeffrey/F-7189-2010; Reeves, Geoffrey/E-8101-2011 OI Reeves, Geoffrey/0000-0002-7985-8098 NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 SN 0148-0227 J9 J GEOPHYS RES JI J. Geophys. Res-Space Phys. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 100 IS A8 BP 14913 EP 14923 DI 10.1029/95JA01217 PG 11 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA RN064 UT WOS:A1995RN06400037 ER PT J AU SADASIVAN, P UNAL, C NELSON, R AF SADASIVAN, P UNAL, C NELSON, R TI PERSPECTIVE - ISSUES IN CHF MODELING - THE NEED FOR NEW EXPERIMENTS SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE BOILING; MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES ID CRITICAL HEAT-FLUX; NUCLEATION SITE DENSITY; POOL; SURFACE; MECHANISMS; CONTACT; LIQUID AB Nucleate boiling and critical-heat-flux (CHF) phenomena have been studied extensively for several decades. However, a satisfactory mechanistic description remains elusive. Although the influences of some system parameters such as heater geometry, body forces, etc., have been elucidated, the influences of several others remain in dispute. In this paper we present our perspective on the current state of CHF modeling. We list possible parameters that are relevant in the process and discuss the interactions among these parameters. The consequences of such interactions are also discussed. We focus on the simplest configuration-saturated pool boiling on flat heaters. Additional complexities such as orientation effects, flow effects, enhanced surfaces, etc., are not addressed. We highlight specific areas on which we believe experimental efforts should focus to obtain improved mechanistic models of CHF. Experimental techniques used in previous studies are evaluated, and recommendations for new or modified techniques are discussed. We believe CHF must be looked al in the boiling plane (q and Delta T) rather than merely as a single heat-flux point. Mechanistically, this leads us to view CHF as the limiting point of the nucleate boiling region rather than as an independent entity. Experimentally, this means that issues related to the high-heat-flux region must be studied and their effects on CHF investigated. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV TECHNOL & SAFETY ASSESSMENT, ADV REACTOR SAFETY GRP, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV TECHNOL & SAFETY ASSESSMENT, ENGN & SAFETY ANAL GRP, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 55 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME PI NEW YORK PA TWO PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0022-1481 EI 1528-8943 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 558 EP 567 DI 10.1115/1.2822614 PG 10 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RX547 UT WOS:A1995RX54700001 ER PT J AU LI, W EBADIAN, MA WHITE, TL FOSTER, D AF LI, W EBADIAN, MA WHITE, TL FOSTER, D TI HEAT-TRANSFER WITHIN A STEEL-REINFORCED POROUS CONCRETE SLAB SUBJECTED TO MICROWAVE-HEATING SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE AUGMENTATION AND ENHANCEMENT; CONDENSATION; POROUS MEDIA ID WATER-LADEN SANDSTONE; MASS-TRANSFER AB The concrete decontamination and decommissioning (D&D) process using microwave technology is investigated theoretically in this paper. A one-dimensional uniform plane wave is assumed for the microwave propagation and the microwave field and the power dissipation within the concrete. Also, by considering the effects of the microwave frequencies, a one-dimensional model of unsteady heat and mass transport in the concrete is developed to evaluate variations of the temperature and pressure distributions with the heating time. The effects of the microwave frequency (f), microwave power intensity (Q(O,avg)), the thermal boundary conditions on the front wall, and the concrete porosity (phi) on the microwave power dissipation (Q(d,avg)), temperature (T), pressure (P), and evaporation rate (Delta m) distributions are all investigated in the present model. Finally, the effects of the presence of a steel reinforcement and its location on the microwave power dissipation, and the temperature and inner steam pressure distributions are discussed accordingly. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV FUS ENERGY,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LI, W (reprint author), FLORIDA INT UNIV,DEPT MECH ENGN,MIAMI,FL 33199, USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 582 EP 589 DI 10.1115/1.2822617 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RX547 UT WOS:A1995RX54700004 ER PT J AU XU, X GRIGOROPOULOS, CP RUSSO, RE AF XU, X GRIGOROPOULOS, CP RUSSO, RE TI HEAT-TRANSFER IN EXCIMER-LASER MELTING OF THIN POLYSILICON LAYERS SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article DE LASER PROCESSING; MATERIALS PROCESSING AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES; RADIATION ID RESOLVED REFLECTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; SOLIDIFICATION; SILICON; FILMS; SI AB A pulsed KrF excimer laser with nanosecond pulse duration is used for surface melting of thin polycrystalline silicon films. The velocity of the moving phase boundary during melting and solidification, the maximum melting depth, as well as the melting duration are experimentally determined by combined optical and electrical methods. A melting interface tracking model is used to calculate the melt front propagation and the transient temperature field in the semiconductor. A phase-change model, which allows the occurrence of melting and solidification at temperatures other than the equilibrium melting temperature, is employed in the numerical calculation. The effect of interfacial superheating/undercooling is discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MECH ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENERGY & ENVIRONM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 708 EP 715 DI 10.1115/1.2822634 PG 8 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RX547 UT WOS:A1995RX54700021 ER PT J AU DELMAS, A ARQUIS, E AF DELMAS, A ARQUIS, E TI EARLY INITIATION OF NATURAL-CONVECTION IN AN OPEN POROUS LAYER DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF SOLID CONDUCTIVE INCLUSIONS SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article AB The effects of solid conductive blocks an the initiation of convection in a porous medium are reported in this paper. A two-dimensional convective code was used to determine the temperature field, the structure of the motion, and the global heat transfer through a composite medium consisting of permeable and impermeable areas. Influence of the size of impermeable regions on convection as well as the effect of the distance between these solid blocks was studied in terms bf Nusselt number and maximum of the stream function. The predicted heat transfer in this type of composite medium, obtained with the code, was compared with experimental results where the porous medium is a low-density insulating material in which some wood joists are included. This configuration corresponds to the layer of insulation on the poor of a residential attic. C1 UNIV BORDEAUX 1,ECOLE NATL SUPER CHIM & PHYS BORDEAUX,MASTER LAB,F-33405 TALENCE,FRANCE. RP DELMAS, A (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 733 EP 739 DI 10.1115/1.2822637 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RX547 UT WOS:A1995RX54700024 ER PT J AU ZENG, SQ HUNT, A GREIF, R AF ZENG, SQ HUNT, A GREIF, R TI MEAN FREE-PATH AND APPARENT THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF A GAS IN A POROUS-MEDIUM SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Note C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENGN MECH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ZENG, SQ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 5 TC 27 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 9 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 758 EP 761 DI 10.1115/1.2822642 PG 4 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RX547 UT WOS:A1995RX54700029 ER PT J AU ZENG, SQ HUNT, AJ GREIF, R CAO, W AF ZENG, SQ HUNT, AJ GREIF, R CAO, W TI APPROXIMATE FORMULATION FOR COUPLED CONDUCTION AND RADIATION THROUGH A MEDIUM WITH ARBITRARY OPTICAL-THICKNESS SO JOURNAL OF HEAT TRANSFER-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Note C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT ENGN MECH,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP ZENG, SQ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0022-1481 J9 J HEAT TRANS-T ASME JI J. Heat Transf.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 797 EP 799 DI 10.1115/1.2822655 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA RX547 UT WOS:A1995RX54700042 ER PT J AU TAN, PZ FOWLER, JS DING, YS SCHLYER, DJ AF TAN, PZ FOWLER, JS DING, YS SCHLYER, DJ TI RAPID SYNTHESIS OF [F-18] SR46349B, A POTENT AND SELECTIVE 5-HT2 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE SEROTONIN; RECEPTOR; PET; F-18; SR46349B; ISOTOPE LABELING; 5-HT2 ID POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; C-11-LABELED KETANSERIN; SEROTONIN RECEPTORS; BINDING-SITES; F-18 FLUORIDE; INVIVO; BRAIN; RADIOLIGAND; BEHAVIOR; LIGAND AB F-18 labeled SR46349B, a highly potent and selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonist, was synthesized as a potential radioligand for PET studies of brain 5-HT2 receptors. Nucleophilic aromatic substitution of trans-1-(2-nitrophenyl)-3-(4-methoxymethoxyphenyl)-2-propenone (10) with NCA [F-18]fluoride in the presence of potassium carbonate and kryptofix-222, followed by HCl hydrolysis, gave F-18 labeled 12, which was purified by a novel combination of C-18 Sep-Pak and silica column chromatography. Subsequent condensation of [F-18]ketone 12 with Me(2)NCH(2)CH(2)ONH(2) gave a mixture of [F-18]SR46349B and its geometric isomer, which was separated by high performance liquid chromatography. The three step hot synthesis of [F-18]SR46349B required 170 min. and gave a specific activity of 1140 Ci/mmol, 5% radiochemical yield (EOB) and 96% radiochemical purity. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,UPTON,NY 11973. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 36 IS 8 BP 719 EP 728 DI 10.1002/jlcr.2580360803 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA RL880 UT WOS:A1995RL88000002 ER PT J AU DISCHINO, DD COMBRINK, KD DOWEYKO, L MORIMOTO, H PEARCE, BC WILLIAMS, PG YEVICH, JP AF DISCHINO, DD COMBRINK, KD DOWEYKO, L MORIMOTO, H PEARCE, BC WILLIAMS, PG YEVICH, JP TI SYNTHESIS OF H-3 LABELED 5-FLUORO-3-[3-[4-(5-METHOXY-4-PYRIMIDINYL)-1-PIPERAZINYL]PROPYL]-1H-INDO LE, A SEROTONERGIC AGENT WITH POTENTIAL ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF LABELLED COMPOUNDS & RADIOPHARMACEUTICALS LA English DT Article DE LITHIUM ALUMINUM TRITIDE; SEROTONERGIC ACTIVITY; POTENTIAL ANTIDEPRESSANT AB The title compound was prepared by the LiAlT4 reduction of 5-fluoro-3-[3-[4-(5-methoxy-4-pyrimidinyl)- 1-piperazinyl]-3-oxopropyl]-1H-indole. The radiochemical purity of the product was 98.9% and the specific activity was calculated as 53.0 Ci/mmol from HPLC analyses and 55.6 Ci/mmol from H-3 NMR measurements. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,NATL TRITIUM LABELLING FACIL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV STRUCT BIOL,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP DISCHINO, DD (reprint author), BRISTOL MYERS SQUIBB CO,PHARMACEUT RES INST,5 RES PKWY,WALLINGFORD,CT 06492, USA. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 0362-4803 J9 J LABELLED COMPD RAD JI J. Label. Compd. Radiopharm. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 36 IS 8 BP 789 EP 794 DI 10.1002/jlcr.2580360810 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA RL880 UT WOS:A1995RL88000009 ER PT J AU SCHWARTZ, BL GALE, DC SMITH, RD CHILKOTI, A STAYTON, PS AF SCHWARTZ, BL GALE, DC SMITH, RD CHILKOTI, A STAYTON, PS TI INVESTIGATION OF NONCOVALENT LIGAND-BINDING TO THE INTACT STREPTAVIDIN TETRAMER BY ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID AVIDIN-BIOTIN COMPLEX; NONCOVALENT INTERACTIONS; PROTEIN; PROBES; DISSOCIATION; SUBSTRATE; MYOGLOBIN; IONS; DNA AB The relative non-covalent binding behavior of two small molecule ligands to the tetrameric protein streptavidin was investigated by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS). An extended mit range quadrupole mass spectrometer was employed to observe the intact multimeric form of the protein and to probe the relative stabilities of the tetrameric protein- ligand complexes in the gas phase. Various protein:ligand molar ratio concentrations and incubation times were studied for the ligands biortin (K-d approximate to 10(-15) M) and iminobiotin (K-d approximate to 10(-7) M), in combination with the adjustment of variables in the ESI atmosphere-vacuum interface region. Positive-ion ESI-MS of a 1:7 molar ratio streptavidin-biotin sample produced peaks corresponding to the intact tetrameric complex (16+ to 14+ charge states) with four ligands binding to the active form of the protein. Only the expected specific non-covalent complexes of four ligand molecules binding to the protein tetramer were detected, consistent with known solution behavior and without the appearance of any random aggregation. However, under identical interface conditions, complete iminobiotin binding to the protein was not observed, even when higher ligand concentrations, longer complexation times and gentler interface conditions were employed. The thermally induced dissociation (TID) of the non-covalent complexes was studied by applying more severe conditions in the ESI interface region. In addition, observation of an intact streptavidin-biotinylated oligonucleotide non-covalent complex (17- to 14- tetrameric charge states) by negative-ion ESI-MS at m/z 4500-5000 is presented. The results show that the complexes observed in the mass spectrometer are representative of those that exist in solution, under the ESI conditions employed, and that the ability to observe such complexes is at least qualitatively related to stability in solution. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT CHEM SCI, CHEM METHODS & SEPARAT GRP, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. UNIV WASHINGTON, CTR BIOENGN, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. RI Smith, Richard/J-3664-2012 OI Smith, Richard/0000-0002-2381-2349 NR 39 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI W SUSSEX PA BAFFINS LANE CHICHESTER, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND PO19 1UD SN 1076-5174 J9 J MASS SPECTROM JI J. Mass Spectrom. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1095 EP 1102 DI 10.1002/jms.1190300806 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Chemistry, Organic; Spectroscopy SC Biophysics; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA RN313 UT WOS:A1995RN31300005 ER PT J AU JERVIS, TR HIRVONEN, JP NASTASI, M KUNG, H AF JERVIS, TR HIRVONEN, JP NASTASI, M KUNG, H TI TRIBOLOGY AND MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES OF EXCIMER LASER-PROCESSED TI-SI3N4 SURFACES SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Note ID CERAMICS; HARDNESS; LAYERS; WEAR AB Titanium films were mixed, using excimer laser radiation, into the surface of bulk Si3N4 materials, The tribological and mechanical properties of these surfaces were then evaluated using pin-on-disk and nanoindenter techniques, respectively. Reduced friction and a change in the wear mechanism that resulted in a more benign failure mode were observed. These results are interpreted as resulting from the establishment of a transfer film, changes in the compliance of the surface which reduces instantaneous stresses in the surface, and toughening of the surface, all results of the laser process. C1 VTT MFG TECHNOL,SF-02044 ESPOO,FINLAND. RP JERVIS, TR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 8 BP 1857 EP 1860 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.1857 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RM481 UT WOS:A1995RM48100001 ER PT J AU DANDY, DS COLTRIN, ME AF DANDY, DS COLTRIN, ME TI A SIMPLIFIED ANALYTICAL MODEL OF DIAMOND GROWTH IN DIRECT-CURRENT ARCJET REACTORS SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; METHYL AB A simplified model of a direct current arcjet-assisted diamond chemical vapor deposition reactor is presented. The model is based upon detailed theoretical analysis of the transport and chemical processes occurring during diamond deposition, and is formulated to yield closed-form solutions for diamond growth rate, defect density, and heat flux to the substrate. In a direct current arcjet reactor there is a natural division of the physical system into four characteristic domains: plasma torch, free stream, boundary layer, and surface, leading to the development of simplified thermodynamic, transport, and chemical kinetic models for each of the four regions. The models for these four regions are linked to form a single unified model. For a relatively wide range of reactor operating conditions, this simplified model yields results that are in good quantitative agreement with stagnation flow models containing detailed multicomponent transport and chemical kinetics. However, in contrast to the detailed reactor models, the model presented here executes in near real-time on a computer of modest size, and can therefore be readily incorporated into process control models or global dynamic loop simulations. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, DEPT CHEM PROC SCI, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP DANDY, DS (reprint author), COLORADO STATE UNIV, DEPT CHEM ENGN, FT COLLINS, CO 80523 USA. RI Dandy, David/G-6984-2012 OI Dandy, David/0000-0003-3254-0717 NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 8 BP 1993 EP 2010 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.1993 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RM481 UT WOS:A1995RM48100020 ER PT J AU LINCE, JR HILTON, MR BOMMANNAVAR, AS AF LINCE, JR HILTON, MR BOMMANNAVAR, AS TI METAL INCORPORATION IN SPUTTER-DEPOSITED MOS2 FILMS STUDIED BY EXTENDED X-RAY-ABSORPTION FINE-STRUCTURE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SOLID LUBRICANT FILMS; THIN-FILMS; MORPHOLOGICAL PROPERTIES; MOLYBDENUM-DISULFIDE; TEM AB Solid lubricant films produced by cosputtering metals with MoS2 and by forming metal/MoS2 multilayers are being planned for use in the next generation of solid lubricated devices on spacecraft, including gimbal and sensor bearings, actuators, and sliding electrical contacts. The films exhibit increased densities and wear lives compared to films without additives, but the mechanism of density enhancement is not well understood. The extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) technique is ideal for elucidating the structure of these poorly crystalline films. We analyzed MoS2 films cosputtered with 0, 2, and 10% Ni, as well as Ni/MoS2 and Au(Pd)/MoS2 multilayer films. The results obtained at the Mo-K absorption edge showed that the metal-containing films comprised predominantly the same nanocrystalline phases present in similar films without added metals: pure MoS2 and a MoS2-xOx phase. MoS2-xOx is isostructural with MoS2, with O atoms substituting for S atoms in the MoS2 crystal lattice. For all Ni-containing films, EXAFS data obtained at the Ni-K absorption edge showed that the Ni had not chemically reacted with the MoS2-xOx and MoS2, but formed a disordered NiOx phase. However, Ni-cosputtered films showed decreasing Mo-Mo bond lengths in the MoS2-xOx phase with increasing Ni content, probably due to preferential oxidation of Ni compared to MoS2. EXAFS of these Ni-cosputtered films showed only a small decrease in short-range order with Ni content, while x-ray diffraction showed a concurrent large decrease in long-range order. The results indicate that film densification in Ni-cosputtered films is caused by NiOx formation at the edges of nucleating MoS2-xOx/MoS2 crystallites, limiting the crystallite size attainable within the films. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,EXXON RES & ENGN CO,EXXON PRT,UPTON,NY 11973. RP LINCE, JR (reprint author), AEROSP CORP,CTR MECH & MAT TECHNOL,2350 E EL SEGUNDO BLVD,EL SEGUNDO,CA 90245, USA. RI Lince, Jeffrey/N-1437-2013 OI Lince, Jeffrey/0000-0002-6545-6346 NR 32 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 30 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 8 BP 2091 EP 2105 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.2091 PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RM481 UT WOS:A1995RM48100030 ER PT J AU SMITH, PA VIENNA, JD HRMA, P AF SMITH, PA VIENNA, JD HRMA, P TI THE EFFECTS OF MELTING REACTIONS ON LABORATORY-SCALE WASTE VITRIFICATION SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID COMPLEX FEED COMPOSITIONS; ELECTRIC MELTERS; REDOX CONTROL; GLASS AB At the U.S. Department of Energy's Hanford Site, processes are being developed to vitrify waste generated during nuclear materials processing. One of the wastes slated for vitrification is known as neutralized current acid waste (NCAW). The batch chemistry of simulated NCAW was varied with oxidants and reductants. Untreated, formated, nitrated, or sugar-added samples were combined with frit to produce melter feed. Offgas measurements of the formated melter feed showed that formates decomposed at temperatures too low for participation in melt redox reactions. Sugar pyrolyzed and produced CO and H-2 at temperatures exceeding 665 degrees C. For the sugar-added samples, the glass quenched from 1200 degrees C produced an Fe2+/Sigma Fe of 0.79. The measured iron redox ratios from the glasses made from untreated, formated, and nitrated wastes were essentially indistinguishable (0.0024 at 1000 degrees C and 0.032 at 1200 degrees C). However, the batch chemistry affected volume expansion and the reaction paths. RP SMITH, PA (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, BOX 999,MS P7-14, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 35 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 6 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOCIETY PI PITTSBURGH PA 9800 MC KNIGHT ROAD SUITE 327, PITTSBURGH, PA 15237 SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 10 IS 8 BP 2137 EP 2149 DI 10.1557/JMR.1995.2137 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RM481 UT WOS:A1995RM48100035 ER PT J AU RAO, GR LEE, EH YAO, X BROWN, IG AF RAO, GR LEE, EH YAO, X BROWN, IG TI EFFECTS OF METAL-ION IMPLANTATION ON WEAR PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERS AB Polypropylene was implanted with 100 keV titanium and silver ions to fluences of 1, 10 and 50 x 10(19) ions m(-2) using a vacuum are metal-ion source. The implanted specimens were tested for sliding reciprocating wear properties using a nylon counterface, 1 N normal load, 3 mm stroke length and 10 000 sliding cycles. The results of the wear tests showed that there was a dramatic improvement in wear properties for the 50 x 10(19) ions m(-2) titanium-implanted specimen, to the point that no wear damage was visibly evident after 10 000 cycles. A similar wear, improvement was not obtained for the lower fluences for titanium implantation or for the silver-implanted specimens. The improvement in wear properties was related to the mechanisms of linear energy transfer from the incident ions to the polypropylene substrate, and consequent effects on cross-linking, which is responsible for changes in properties. The linear energy transfer was quantified using Monte Carlo calculations. In addition, friction coefficient values were also correlated with the wear test results. The significance of high fluences for wear improvements by ion implantation was demonstrated in this study. The investigation showed that metal-ion implantation can be effective in significantly improving wear properties of polymers with a judicious choice of ion type and ion fluence. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP RAO, GR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU CHAPMAN HALL LTD PI LONDON PA 2-6 BOUNDARY ROW, LONDON, ENGLAND SE1 8HN SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 30 IS 15 BP 3903 EP 3908 DI 10.1007/BF01153954 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RN664 UT WOS:A1995RN66400025 ER PT J AU HIRSCH, P ECKHARDT, FEW PALMER, RJ AF HIRSCH, P ECKHARDT, FEW PALMER, RJ TI METHODS FOR THE STUDY OF ROCK-INHABITING MICROORGANISMS - A MINI REVIEW SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Review DE WEATHERING; ROCK; MONUMENT; NONDESTRUCTIVE STUDY METHOD ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA; CRYPTOENDOLITHIC MICROBIOTA; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE PROBES; SUBSURFACE SEDIMENTS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; ANTARCTIC DESERT; BIOMASS; SOIL; ACIDS AB The breakdown ('weathering') of rocks is a well-known phenomenon which is not only caused by weather factors such as temperature changes, wind erosion, freezing and thawing, extraction by rain and snow melt water, but also by chemical pollution (acid rain) and microbial activities. Microorganisms are found on the rock surfaces, in cracks and in some cases even within the pore space of sandstone or granite. The present review discusses methods for the study of microbial diversity, frequency, physiological activity, and contributions to rock deterioration. Many different rock types are affected: sandstone, granite, gneiss, amphibolite, limestone, basalt, dolerite, or even bricks and their glazes. Microbial rock degradation is not dependent on climate or location nor on annual seasons. It has been observed in hot and cold deserts, in subtropical and tropical climates, in the mediterranean region, in Europa, America and Asia. Recent research has focussed on the deterioration of building stones, monuments, and especially churches in densely populated areas. Most research has been descriptive inasmuch as effects and the microorganisms involved were studied. Little is known about the weathering mechanisms, and exact data on weathering rates are missing. This review describes non-destructive methods for the study of monuments and other valuable structures. Also discussed are more destructive methods that can be employed where rock samples can be collected. While some of the methods and techniques have already been published, others were specifically developed and successfully tried out by the authors. Non-destructive would be the washing, scraping, or printing off of rock surface microorganisms for cultivation and identification purposes. Non-destructive would also be the demonstration of in situ physiological activity of surface microcolonies by applying fluorogenic substrate analogues. The local intensity of microbial outfall from the air has been studied by exposing agar media. For destructive studies the rock samples have to be collected aseptically and fragmented to release the microorganisms. Rock-coring is described as a possible method for sampling. Enrichment and cultivation of rock microorganisms are more successful with oligotrophic media and in dim light to allow photosynthetic primary producers to excrete organic substances which are favoured by the heterotrophs. Cell counting after release of the rock microflora can be achieved by staining all DNA-containing cells with fluorescent dyes such as DAPI or acridine orange. Viable cell counts will be lower than total counts because media or incubation conditions are selective for the different microorganisms present. Microbial biomass can be estimated by determining, in extracts, phospholipid phosphate. Finally, methods are described for studying exudates produced by microbial growth on or in rock samples. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,CTR ENVIRONM BIOTECHNOL,KNOXVILLE,TN 37932. RP HIRSCH, P (reprint author), CHRISTIAN ALBRECHTS UNIV KIEL,INST ALLGEMEINE MIKROBIOL,BOTAN GARTEN 1-9,D-24118 KIEL,GERMANY. NR 71 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD AUG PY 1995 VL 23 IS 2 BP 143 EP 167 DI 10.1016/0167-7012(95)00017-F PG 25 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA RP035 UT WOS:A1995RP03500001 ER PT J AU DING, YS FOWLER, JS GATLEY, SJ LOGAN, J VOLKOW, ND SHEA, C AF DING, YS FOWLER, JS GATLEY, SJ LOGAN, J VOLKOW, ND SHEA, C TI MECHANISTIC POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY STUDIES OF 6-[F-18] FLUORODOPAMINE IN LIVING BABOON HEART - SELECTIVE IMAGING AND CONTROL OF RADIOTRACER METABOLISM USING THE DEUTERIUM-ISOTOPE EFFECT SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE POSITRON EMISSION TOMOGRAPHY; 6-[F-18]FLUORODOPAMINE; (-)-6-F-18]FLUORONOREPINEPHRINE; DEUTERIUM ISOTOPE EFFECT; BABOON HEART; MONOAMINE OXIDASE; DOPAMINE BETA-HYDROXYLASE ID OXIDATIVE DEAMINATION; SYMPATHETIC INNERVATION; DOPAMINE; 6-FLUORODOPAMINE; (+)-6-FLUORONOREPINEPHRINE; HYDROXYLATION; SUBSTITUTION; SYSTEM AB Mechanistic positron emission tomography (PET) studies using the deuterium isotope effect and specific pharmacological intervention were undertaken to examine the behavior of 6-[F-18]fluorodopamine (6-[F-18]-FDA; 1) and (-)-6-[F-18]fluoronorepinephrine {(-)-6-[F-18] FNE; (2) under bar} in the baboon heart. Two regiospecifically deuterated derivatives of 6-[F-18] FDA [(alpha,alpha-D-2 ((3) under bar) and beta,beta- D-2 ((4) under bar) were used to assess the contributions of monoamine oxidase (MAO) and dopamine beta-hydroxylase, respectively, to the clearance kinetics of 6-[F-18] FDA. Compound (3) under bar showed a reduced rate of clearance, consistent with MAO-catalyzed cleavage of the alpha C-D bond, whereas compound (4) under bar showed no change, indicating that cleavage of the beta C-D bond is not a rate-limiting step, Pretreatment with pargyline, an MAO inhibitor, also decreased the rate of clearance. Desipramine and tomoxetine [norepinephrine (NE) uptake inhibitors], but not GBR-12909 (a dopamine uptake inhibitor), blocked the uptake of both (-)-6-F-18] FNE and 6-[F-18] FDA, with (-)-6-[F-18]FNE showing a higher degree of blockade. Chiral HPLC demonstrated that 6-[F-18]FDA is stereoselectively converted to (-)-6-[F-18]FNE in vivo in the rat heart. These studies demonstrate that (a) the more rapid clearance of 6-[F-18]FDA relative to (-)-6-[F-18]FNE can be largely accounted for by metabolism by MAO; (b) selective deuterium substitution can be used to protect a radiotracer from metabolism in vivo and to favor a particular pathway; (c) 6-[F-18]FDA and (-)-6-[F-18]FNE share the NE transporter; (d) 6-[F-18] FDA is stereoselectively converted to (-)-6-[F-18]FNE in vivo; and (e) the profile of radioactivity in the heart for 6-[F-18] FDA is complex, probably including labeled metabolites as well as neuronal and nonneuronal uptake. RP DING, YS (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM,BLDG 555,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS-15380] NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT-RAVEN PUBL PI PHILADELPHIA PA 227 EAST WASHINGTON SQ, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 65 IS 2 BP 682 EP 690 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA RJ657 UT WOS:A1995RJ65700026 PM 7616224 ER PT J AU ISOBE, T PARK, SY WEEKS, RA ZUHR, RA AF ISOBE, T PARK, SY WEEKS, RA ZUHR, RA TI THE OPTICAL AND MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF NI+-IMPLANTED SILICA SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METAL IONS; STRUCTURAL DEFECTS; SIO2 GLASSES; ABSORPTION; NICKEL; RESONANCE; PARTICLES; COPPER AB Fused silica plates were implanted with Ni-58(+) at room temperature to a dose of 6 x 10(16) ions cm(-2) under the condition of 160 keV and 3 mu A cm(-2). The changes in the optical and magnetic properties of Ni+-implanted silica by annealing at 800 degrees C for 4 h in air, N-2 and Ar with 4% H-2 were measured to determine the chemical state of implanted nickel species. The absence of change in the depth distribution of Ni after annealing under these conditions indicates that nickel species did not dissolve in silica. The absorption band due to the surface plasmon resonance of Ni particles at similar to 3.6 eV decreased and increased on annealing in air and Ar with 4% H-2, respectively. The intensity of the ferromagnetic resonance signal measured at - 196 degrees C was larger than that at room temperature, both increasing with heat treatment. The resonance field depended on the angle between the implanted surface and the applied magnetic field. It is concluded that Ni particles embedded in silica by ion-implantation were magnetized in the plane normal to the ion beam and that super-paramagnetic Ni changed to ferromagnetic Ni during the thermal treatment. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT APPL & ENGN SCI,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 36 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG PY 1995 VL 189 IS 1-2 BP 173 EP 180 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00230-8 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RR673 UT WOS:A1995RR67300021 ER PT J AU LU, X CAPS, R FRICKE, J ALVISO, CT PEKALA, RW AF LU, X CAPS, R FRICKE, J ALVISO, CT PEKALA, RW TI CORRELATION BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY OF ORGANIC AEROGELS SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article AB Organic aerogels are derived from the sol-gel polymerization of resorcinol with formaldehyde. While these materials are usually produced as monoliths, this paper describes a new method for the production of organic aerogel microsphere powders. supercritical drying provides highly porous aerogels which have an open-cell structure consisting of interconnected solid particles with typical diameters of 10 nm. The structure is controlled by the sol-gel polymerization conditions. This paper addresses the correlation between structure and thermal conductivity of these novel materials. Thermal conductivity measurements have been performed on both monoliths and powders using a hot-wire device. The measurements under variation of gas pressure as well as spectral infrared transmission measurements allow the determination of the solid, gaseous and radiative thermal conductivity as a function of density and catalyst concentration. The results show that the thermal conductivity components are clearly correlated with the aerogel structure: porosity and connectivity between the particles determine the solid conductivity, while the pore size influences the gaseous conductivity and radiative transport depends on the mass specific infrared absorption of the building units. C1 UNIV WURZBURG,BAYER ZENTRUM ANGEW ENERGIEFORSCH,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. UNIV WURZBURG,INST PHYS,D-97074 WURZBURG,GERMANY. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RI Latif, Eshrar/M-2960-2014 NR 19 TC 127 Z9 137 U1 1 U2 53 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD AUG PY 1995 VL 188 IS 3 BP 226 EP 234 DI 10.1016/0022-3093(95)00191-3 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA RM294 UT WOS:A1995RM29400004 ER PT J AU COLE, JI BRUEMMER, SM AF COLE, JI BRUEMMER, SM TI POSTIRRADIATION DEFORMATION CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAVY-ION IRRADIATED 304L SS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID STEELS AB Post-irradiation deformation behavior in Ni-ion-irradiated 304L stainless steel (SS) is examined as a function of radiation dose and deformation temperature. For similar strain levels, specimens exhibit a transition from dislocation slip to deformation-induced twinning at 25 degrees C with increasing radiation dose. At 288 degrees C twinning is no longer observed and highly localized slip occurs by the formation of narrow ''channels'' containing a reduced defect density. The observations are discussed in terms of radiation-induced defect character and expected deformation mechanisms. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP COLE, JI (reprint author), WASHINGTON STATE UNIV, DEPT MECH & MAT ENGN, PULLMAN, WA 99163 USA. OI Cole, James/0000-0003-1178-5846 NR 29 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 53 EP 58 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00672-5 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300009 ER PT J AU WANG, CA GROSSBECK, ML CHIN, BA AF WANG, CA GROSSBECK, ML CHIN, BA TI THRESHOLD HELIUM CONCENTRATION REQUIRED TO INITIATE CRACKING DURING WELDING OF IRRADIATED STAINLESS-STEEL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID GROWTH AB Results of this study show that severe HAZ cracking occurs in type 316 stainless steel containing 1.5, 5.2 and 10 appm He. Macrocracks, visible to the naked eye, were found to occur in 3 to 66% of total weld length. Fusion zone cracking was also observed in steels with He concentrations as low as 2.5 appm. No cracking was found in either the fusion zone or HAZ in the welds with 0.7 appm helium. Studies were also conducted to develop repair welding techniques which minimize the effects of helium-induced cracking in the heat-affected zone. The most promising of these repair welding techniques uses the application of a compressive stress during welding to overcome heat-affected zone cracking. The application of a compressive stress during welding was found to suppress the previously observed catastrophic cracking. The results of this work suggest that stress modified welding techniques may be used to suppress and control helium-induced cracking during repair welding of irradiated materials. C1 AUBURN UNIV,AUBURN,AL 36849. RP WANG, CA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 59 EP 68 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00014-3 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300010 ER PT J AU WATANABE, H GARNER, FA MUROGA, T YOSHIDA, N AF WATANABE, H GARNER, FA MUROGA, T YOSHIDA, N TI THE INFLUENCE OF SILICON AND PHOSPHORUS ADDITIONS ON NEUTRON-INDUCED MICROSTRUCTURAL EVOLUTION OF FE-CR-NI TERNARY ALLOYS AT 646-703 K SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID SI AB The influence of silicon and phosphorus additions on void swelling in austenitic stainless steels under fast neutron irradiation has been investigated. A series of silicon containing alloys (Fe-15Cr-20Ni-Si) and two series of phosphorus containing alloys (Fe-15Cr-25Ni-P and Fe-16Cr-17Ni-P) were irradiated in the temperature range of 646-703 K and 2 to 36 dpa. Fast neutron irradiation was performed in both FFTF and JOYO. Non-monotonic swelling in response to the solute level was observed in alloys with higher nickel content and at the solute levels where precipitation was not prominent. The enhanced void swelling observed at relatively low solute levels was mirrored by an enhanced void density. The results suggest that the enhancement of swelling by solute addition occurs when void nucleation was initially difficult. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP WATANABE, H (reprint author), KYUSHU UNIV, APPL MECH RES INST, KASUGA, FUKUOKA, JAPAN. RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 76 EP 84 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00442-0 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300012 ER PT J AU SIMONEN, EP CHARLOT, LA BRUEMMER, SM AF SIMONEN, EP CHARLOT, LA BRUEMMER, SM TI QUANTIFICATION OF DEFECT SOLUTE COUPLING FROM INVERSE-KIRKENDALL SEGREGATION SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID ALLOYS AB A method has been adopted for quantifying and validating inverse-Kirkendall segregation during irradiation of an Fe-Cr-Ni stainless steel. Model predictions of calculated chromium depletion compared with calculated nickel enrichment were in accord with several hundred composition measurements. Compositions were measured at and near grain boundaries in a nickel-ion irradiated stainless steel. The method allows assessment of relative defect-solute coupling efficiencies independent of kinetic opportunity for segregation. The alloy had approximately 21 at % Cr and 20 at % Ni. The analysis of relative composition changes established that the Fe diffusivity is 2.0 times faster than the Ni diffusivity and the Cr diffusivity is 2.55 times faster than Ni diffusivity in the temperature range of 230 to 550 degrees C. The relative rates are consistent with unirradiated ternary diffusion rates at higher temperatures reported in the literature. RP SIMONEN, EP (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 117 EP 122 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00063-1 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300016 ER PT J AU ZINKLE, SJ SNEAD, LL AF ZINKLE, SJ SNEAD, LL TI MICROSTRUCTURE OF COPPER AND NICKEL IRRADIATED WITH FISSION NEUTRONS NEAR 230-DEGREES-C SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID ENERGETIC DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; DEFECT ACCUMULATION; METALS; ALLOYS; SIMULATION; TRANSIENT; ELECTRONS; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; FUSION AB The microstructures of pure copper and nickel specimens were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following irradiation at similar to 230 degrees C in a mixed spectrum fission reactor to damage levels between 0.01 and 0.25 displacements per atom (dpa). A high density of small stacking fault tetrahedra (SFT) and dislocation loops was observed in both materials, and a moderate density of small voids was observed in the irradiated copper specimens. From a comparison with published studies, the proportion of SFTs and dislocation loops in copper was observed to be nearly constant over a wide range of damage levels at temperatures between 200 and 250 degrees C. This suggests that nucleation and growth of interstitial loops to visible sizes is rather difficult in copper in this temperature regime. On the other hand, the loop size and density in nickel increased steadily with increasing dose. The defect clusters in nickel formed a {001} planar wall pattern which became visible after damage levels of similar to 0.1 dpa. Defect cluster patterning was not observed in the irradiated copper specimens. RP ZINKLE, SJ (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 36 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 123 EP 131 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00670-9 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300017 ER PT J AU MUROGA, T WATANABE, H YOSHIDA, N KURISHITA, H HAMILTON, ML AF MUROGA, T WATANABE, H YOSHIDA, N KURISHITA, H HAMILTON, ML TI MICROSTRUCTURE AND TENSILE PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-IRRADIATED CU AND CU-SNI CONTAINING ISOTOPICALLY CONTROLLED BORON SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID COPPER-ALLOYS; STRESS; FFTF AB Cu and Cu-5Ni doped with either natural boron (20% B-10) or isotopically enriched boron (91% B-10) were irradiated in FFTF/MOTA at 646 K to 6.3 dpa and 683 K to 4.9 dpa. The He/dpa ratio varied from 0.1 to 224. The dependence of irradiation-induced microstructures and mechanical properties (yield stress change and uniform elongation) on the helium level was examined. In pure Cu, the void size distribution changed from unimodal to bimodal with the increase of He/dpa ratio. The swelling peak occurred at a He/dpa ratio of 5 to 10. In Cu-SNi, the swelling rapidly decreased with He/dpa ratio. The yield stress change was well correlated with microstructural-based calculations describing contributions to hardening by voids and dislocations. Cavity formation and growth at grain boundaries resulted in enhanced grain boundary fracture and significant loss of elongation in the case of high He/dpa ratio. This effect, however, was small at fusion-relevant He/dpa ratio. C1 KYUSHU UNIV, APPL MECH RES INST, KASUGA, FUKUOKA 816, JAPAN. TOHOKU UNIV, INST MAT RES, OARAI BRANCH, OARAI, IBARAKI 31113, JAPAN. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP MUROGA, T (reprint author), NATL INST FUS SCI, CHIKUSA KU, FURO CHO, NAGOYA, AICHI 46401, JAPAN. RI U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015 NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 137 EP 145 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00027-5 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300019 ER PT J AU KATOH, Y KOHYAMA, A GELLES, DS AF KATOH, Y KOHYAMA, A GELLES, DS TI SWELLING AND DISLOCATION EVOLUTION IN SIMPLE FERRITIC ALLOYS IRRADIATED TO HIGH FLUENCE IN FFTF/MOTA SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat AB Microstructures of a series of Fe-Cr binary ferritic alloys were examined following neutron irradiation to 140 dpa at 698 K in FFTF/MOTA. The chromium concentration ranged from 3 to 18% in 3% increments and the irradiation temperature corresponded to the peak swelling condition for this alloy class. The swelling varied from 0.4 to 2.9% depending on chromium concentration, and the highest swelling was found in the Fe-9Cr alloy. The cavity microstructures corresponded to transient to early steady-state swelling regime. Dislocations were composed of networks with both alpha[100] and (alpha/2)[111] Burgers vector and alpha[100] type interstitial loops. The dislocation density was negatively correlated with swelling. Explanation for the observed chromium concentration dependence of microstructural development and low swelling in the ferritic alloys will be studied in connection with the dislocation bias efficiency and the theory of sink strength ratio. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KATOH, Y (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO, DEPT MAT SCI, BUNKYO KU, 7-3-1 HONGO, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. OI Katoh, Yutai/0000-0001-9494-5862 NR 21 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 154 EP 162 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00669-5 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300021 ER PT J AU GELLES, DS AF GELLES, DS TI VOID SWELLING IN BINARY FE-CR ALLOYS AT 200 DPA SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID STEELS AB Microstructural examinations have been performed on a series of binary Fe-Cr alloys irradiated in the FFTF/MOTA at 425 degrees C to 200 dpa. The data represent the highest swelling levels reported to date in neutron-irradiated ferritic alloys. The alloy compositions ranged from 3 to 18% Cr in 3% Cr increments and the irradiation temperature corresponded to the peak swelling condition for this alloy class. Density measurements showed swelling levels as high as 7.4%, with the highest swelling found in the Fe-9Cr and -6Cr alloys. Microstructural examinations revealed that the highest swelling conditions contained well-developed voids, often as large as 100 nm, and a dislocation network comprised of both a/2[111] and a[100] Burgers vectors. Swelling was lower in the other alloys, and the swelling reduction could be correlated with increased precipitation. These results are considered in light of the current theories for low swelling in ferritic alloys, but no theory is found to completely explain the results. RP GELLES, DS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 18 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 163 EP 174 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00053-4 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300022 ER PT J AU KLUEH, RL KAI, JJ ALEXANDER, DJ AF KLUEH, RL KAI, JJ ALEXANDER, DJ TI MICROSTRUCTURE MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES CORRELATION OF IRRADIATED CONVENTIONAL AND REDUCED-ACTIVATION MARTENSITIC STEELS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID CR-W STEELS; FERRITIC STEELS; IMPACT BEHAVIOR; HEAT-TREATMENT AB Tensile, Charpy, and transmission electron microscopy specimen of two conventional steels, modified 9Cr-1Mo (9Cr-1MoVNb) and Sandvik HT9 (12Cr-1MoVW), and two reduced-activation steels, Fe-9Cr-2W-0.25V-0.1C (9Cr-2WV) and Fe-9Cr-2W-0.25V-0.07Ta-0.1C (9Cr-2WVTa), were irradiated in the Fast Flux Test Facility. Before irradiation, M(23)C(6) was the primary precipitate in all four steels, which also contained some MC. Neutron irradiation did not substantially alter the M(23)C(6) and MC. No new phases formed during irradiation of the 9Cr-2WV and 9Cr-2WVTa, but chi-phase precipitated in the 9Cr-1MoVNb and chi-phase and alpha' precipitated in the 12Cr-1MoVW. Irradiation-produced dislocation loops formed in the 9Cr-2WV, 9Cr-2WVTa, and 12Cr-1MoVW. The microstructural changes caused the steels to harden, as measured by the change in yield stress. Hardening was correlated with a change in the Charpy impact properties of the 9Cr-1MoVNb, 12Cr-1MoVW, and 9Cr-2WV. Although irradiation caused a yield stress increase in 9Cr-2WVTa similar to that for the 9Cr-2WV and 9Cr-1MoVNb, the change in Charpy properties was considerably less for the 9Cr-2WVTa. This difference in Charpy behavior of the 9Cr-2WVTa with that of the 9Cr-2WV and 9Cr-1MoVNb was attributed to differences in the fracture stress-temperature relationship and/or the flow stress-temperature relationship between the 9Cr-2WVTa and the other two 9Cr steels. C1 NATL TSING HUA UNIV,DEPT NUCL ENGN,HSINCHU 300,TAIWAN. RP KLUEH, RL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI KAI, Ji-jung/0000-0001-7848-8753 NR 17 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 175 EP 186 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00061-5 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300023 ER PT J AU MILLER, MK JAYARAM, R RUSSELL, KF AF MILLER, MK JAYARAM, R RUSSELL, KF TI CHARACTERIZATION OF PHOSPHORUS SEGREGATION IN NEUTRON-IRRADIATED RUSSIAN PRESSURE-VESSEL STEEL WELD SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID FIELD-ION MICROSCOPY; ATOM PROBE; SCALE AB An atom probe field ion microscopy characterization of three Russian pressure vessel steels has been performed. Field ion micrographs of several lath boundaries have indicated that they are decorated with a semicontinuous film of discrete brightly-imaging precipitates that were identified as molybdenum carbonitrides. In addition, extremely high phosphorus levels were measured at the lath boundaries. The phosphorus was found to be confined to an extremely narrow region indicative of monolayer type segregation. The phosphorus coverage determined from the atom probe results of the unirradiated materials agree with predictions based on McLean's equilibrium model of grain boundary segregation. The boundary phosphorus coverage of a neutron-irradiated weld material was significantly higher than in the unirradiated material. Ultrafine darkly-imaging copper- and phosphorus-enriched precipitates were also observed in the matrix of the neutron-irradiated material. RP MILLER, MK (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 215 EP 224 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00667-9 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300027 ER PT J AU SCHUBERT, LE KUMAR, AS ROSINSKI, ST HAMILTON, ML AF SCHUBERT, LE KUMAR, AS ROSINSKI, ST HAMILTON, ML TI EFFECT OF SPECIMEN SIZE ON THE IMPACT PROPERTIES OF NEUTRON-IRRADIATED A533B STEEL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat AB A new methodology is proposed to correlate the upper shelf energy (USE) of full-size and subsize Charpy specimens of a nuclear reactor pressure vessel plate material. The methodology appears to be more satisfactory than those methodologies proposed earlier. The USE was normalized by a normalization factor involving the dimensions of the Charpy specimen, the elastic stress concentration factor, and the plastic constraint at the notch root. The normalized values of the USE were found to be invariant with specimen size. In addition, it was also found that the ratio of the USE of unirradiated to that of irradiated materials was approximately the same for full-, half-, and third-size specimens. The ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) increased due to irradiation at 150 degrees C to a nominal fluence of 1.0 x 10(19) n/cm(2) (E > 1 MeV) by 78, 83, and 70 degrees C for full-, half-, and third-size specimens, respectively. These shifts in DBTT appeared to be independent of specimen size and notch geometry. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP SCHUBERT, LE (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI, DEPT NUCL ENGN, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA. NR 17 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 231 EP 237 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00052-6 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300029 ER PT J AU KUMAR, AS SCHUBERT, LE HAMILTON, ML CANNON, NS AF KUMAR, AS SCHUBERT, LE HAMILTON, ML CANNON, NS TI SIZE EFFECTS ON THE UPPER SHELF ENERGY OF A NEUTRON-IRRADIATED PRESSURE-VESSEL WELD METAL SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID SPECIMEN SIZE AB The methodologies published earlier for predicting the upper shelf energy (USE) of full size Charpy specimens based on subsize test data appear to work satisfactorily for either highly ductile materials (USE > 200 J) or relatively brittle materials (USE << 100 J). A methodology is proposed here that works well for pressure vessel weld materials in both unirradiated and irradiated conditions having USE in the intermediate region (100 J < USE < 200 J). The methodology uses partitioning of the USE into two components, USE(p) and Delta USE (= USE - USE(p)). USE(p) is the absorbed energy for a specimen fatigue-precracked to half the width. The predicted value of the USE of full-size specimens is a sum of two terms. The first term is equal to the product of the normalized Delta USE of the subsize specimen and the full-size normalization factor for Delta USE. The second term is equal to the product of the normalized USE(p) of the subsize specimen and the fracture volume of the full-size precracked specimen. The predicted values were within about 10% of the measured values for both unirradiated and irradiated materials. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. WESTINGHOUSE HANFORD CO, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP KUMAR, AS (reprint author), UNIV MISSOURI, DEPT NUCL ENGN, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA. NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 238 EP 244 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00050-X PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300030 ER PT J AU REST, J AF REST, J TI A MECHANISTIC MODEL FOR RADIATION-INDUCED CRYSTALLIZATION AND AMORPHIZATION IN U3SI SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat ID ION AB Of concern for the proposed Advanced Neutron Source and Research Reactors, which would use intermetallic fuels, are potential radiation-induced phenomena that could affect the physical and mechanical properties of intermetallic aluminum dispersion fuels. For this reason and because of observations of radiation-induced amorphization of U3Si during ion irradiation, the phenomenology of radiation-induced amorphization is assessed. A rate theory model is formulated wherein amorphous clusters are formed by the damage event. These clusters are considered centers of expansion (CE), or excess-free-volume zones. Simultaneously, centers of compression (CC) are created in the material. In general, many more CCs are created per ion than CEs. The CCs are local regions of increased density that travel through the material as an elastic (e.g., acoustic) shock wave. The CEs can be annihilated upon contact with a sufficient number of CCs, forming either a crystallized region indistinguishable from the host material, or a region with a slight disorientation (recrystallized grain). Recrystallized grains grow by the accumulation of additional CCs. Full amorphization is calculated on the basis of achieving a volume fraction consistent with the close packing of spherical entities. Amorphization of a recrystallized grain is hindered by the presence of the grain boundary. Preirradiation of U3Si above the critical temperature for amorphization results in the observed formation of nanometer-size grains. In addition, the subsequent reirradiation of these samples in the same ion flux at temperatures below the critical temperature shows that the material has developed a resistance to radiation-induced amorphization (i.e., a higher dose is needed to amorphize the preirradiated samples than for those that have not been preirradiated). In the model, it is assumed that grain boundaries act as effective defect sinks, and that enhanced defect annihilation is responsible for retarding amorphization below the critical temperature. The calculations have been validated against data from ion-irradiation experiments with U3Si. The model has also been applied to the ion-induced motion of the interface between crystalline and amorphous phases of U3Si. The results of this analysis are compared to data and results of calculations for ion bombardment of Si. RP REST, J (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 EI 1873-4820 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 308 EP 313 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(94)00668-7 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300036 ER PT J AU BORDES, N SICKAFUS, KE COOPER, EA EWING, RC AF BORDES, N SICKAFUS, KE COOPER, EA EWING, RC TI STRUCTURAL DAMAGE IN SPINEL AFTER ION IRRADIATION SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Symposium on the Effects of Radiation on Materials CY JUN 20-23, 1994 CL SUN VALLEY, ID SP Amer Soc Testing & Mat, Comm E 10 Nucl Technol & Applicat AB Monocrystalline MgAl2O4 spinel crystals were irradiated at 100 K with overlapping ion implantations: an initial implantation of 185 keV He+ ions to 1.7 X 10(15) ions/cm(2), followed by a second implantation of 50 keV Ne+ ions to 5 x 10(12) ions/cm(2). An additional set of spinel crystals was exposed only to the He implantation. Each irradiated sample was characterized by ion channeling and cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy. Defect clusters and dislocation loops were observed in each irradiated sample. The size of microstructural defects in the doubly ion-implanted sample was not increased compared to the He only ion implantation, and the density of defects in the doubly implanted sample actually decreased. These observations indicate that preexisting irradiation-induced interstitial defect clusters and Frank dislocation loops do not serve as effective sinks for interstitial point defects in spinel. Vacancy clusters (if they exist) probably are effective sinks for interstitials and to some extent, are erased by interstitials created during the second irradiation. These observations have important implications for understanding the role of defects in determining the properties of irradiated spinel. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP BORDES, N (reprint author), UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EARTH & PLANETARY SCI,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131, USA. NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP 318 EP 323 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00049-6 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300038 ER PT J AU GELLES, DS NANSTAD, RK KUMAR, AS LITTLE, EA AF GELLES, DS NANSTAD, RK KUMAR, AS LITTLE, EA TI EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON MATERIALS - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH INTERNATIONAL-SYMPOSIUM ON THE EFFECTS OF RADIATION ON MATERIALS, SUN-VALLEY, IDAHO, USA, JUNE 20-23, 1994 - PREFACE SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. UNIV MISSOURI, ROLLA, MO 65401 USA. UNIV COLL SWANSEA, SWANSEA SA2 8PP, W GLAM, WALES. RP GELLES, DS (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 225 BP R7 EP R7 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)80017-4 PG 1 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RT873 UT WOS:A1995RT87300001 ER PT J AU SINGH, BN HORSEWELL, A TOFT, P EDWARDS, DJ AF SINGH, BN HORSEWELL, A TOFT, P EDWARDS, DJ TI TEMPERATURE AND DOSE DEPENDENCIES OF MICROSTRUCTURE AND HARDNESS OF NEUTRON-IRRADIATED OFHC COPPER SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CASCADE DAMAGE CONDITIONS; DEFECT ACCUMULATION; TRANSIENT REGIME AB Tensile specimens of pure oxygen free high conductivity (OFHC) copper were irradiated with fission neutrons between 320 and 723 K to fluences in the range 5 x 10(21) to 1.5 x 10(24)n/m(2) (E > 1 MeV) with a flux of 2.5 x 10(17) n/m(2) s. Irradiated specimens were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and quantitative determinations were made of defect clusters and cavities. The dose dependence of tensile properties of specimens irradiated at 320 K was determined at 295 K. Hardness measurements were made at 295 K on specimens irradiated at different temperatures and doses. Microstructures of tensile tested specimens were also investigated by TEM. Results show that the increase in cluster density and hardening nearly saturate at a dose of similar to 0.3 dpa. Irradiations at 320 K cause a drastic decrease in the uniform elongation already at similar or equal to 0.1 dpa. It is suggested that the irradiation-induced increase in the initial yield stress and a drastic decrease in the ability of copper to deform plastically in a homogeneous fashion are caused by a substantial reduction in the ability of grown-in dislocations to act as efficient dislocation sources. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP SINGH, BN (reprint author), RISO NATL LAB, DEPT MAT, DK-4000 ROSKILDE, DENMARK. OI Horsewell, Andy/0000-0003-4297-2564 NR 21 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3115 J9 J NUCL MATER JI J. Nucl. Mater. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 224 IS 2 BP 131 EP 140 DI 10.1016/0022-3115(95)00054-2 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Materials Science; Nuclear Science & Technology GA RL335 UT WOS:A1995RL33500003 ER PT J AU ALOIA, JF VASWANI, A MA, RM FLASTER, E AF ALOIA, JF VASWANI, A MA, RM FLASTER, E TI COMPARATIVE-STUDY OF BODY-COMPOSITION BY DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE BODY COMPOSITION; DUAL-ENERGY X-RAY ABSORPTIOMETRY ID PHOTON-ABSORPTIOMETRY; FAT; HEMODIALYSIS; MODELS; INVIVO; WATER; MASS AB Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) is a readily available technique that has recently been applied to measurement of body composition. In order to validate this technique, results from DEXA were compared with fat-free mass (FFM) and fat mass (FM) measured by total body levels of potassium (TBK), nitrogen (TBN), water (TBW) and carbon (TBC). Methods: A healthy population of 127 white women and 38 black women with a body mass index of 18-30 were recruited. Results: Compared with each of the other methods, DEXA overestimated FM and underestimated FFM. The slopes of the FM by DEXA versus the FM from each of the four methods were approximately the same, with a s.e.e. ranging from 2.4 to 3.0 units. The slopes of DMA in comparison to FFM, however, ranged from 0.61 to 0.74 and were significantly less than unity, with a s.e.e. of 1.6 to 2.4 units. Conclusion: These findings suggest that at high values of FFM, DEXA is measuring something different from the FFM measured by TBW, TBN and TBK. The program for separating bone and soft tissue and for separating soft tissue into fat and lean at higher values in the DEXA method may need to be adjusted. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ALOIA, JF (reprint author), WINTHROP UNIV HOSP,DEPT MED,259 1ST ST,MINEOLA,NY 11501, USA. FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R01-AR37520-05]; NIDDK NIH HHS [P01-DK42618] NR 24 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1392 EP 1397 PG 6 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RM461 UT WOS:A1995RM46100015 PM 7629583 ER PT J AU PROHOVNIK, I METZ, CD ATKINS, HL AF PROHOVNIK, I METZ, CD ATKINS, HL TI RADIATION EXPOSURE TO HUMAN TRACHEA FROM XE-133 PROCEDURES SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE RADIATION EXPOSURE; DOSIMETRY; XE-133; REGIONAL CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AB The general dosimetry of Xe-133 for human studies is well documented, but the resultant radiation exposure to tracheal tissue is poorly known. This organ is of central relevance because the tracer is primarily eliminated through exhalation. Methods: We report actual Xe-133 concentrations in respiratory air during measurement of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), when the tracer is administered both by inhalation and intravenous injection. Data were collected from 102 patients, with equal gender representation and an age range of 18-82 yr. Most of the patients had subarachnoid hemorrhage or Alzheimer's disease or were normal control subjects. Average administered doses were 18 +/- 4 mCi by inhalation and 15 +/- 3 intravenously. Results: We found average respiratory concentrations of about 1.80 mCi/liter METHODS during 1-min inhalation and 0.74 mCi/liter following intravenous Subjects injection of standard doses. These activities drop rapidly: average respiratory concentrations during the second minute are 0.70 mCi/liter for inhalation and 0,19 mCi/liter for intravenous injection and reach negligible levels thereafter. We calculate that the tracheal absorbed dose from Xe-133 procedures is approximately 28 mrad following inhalation and about 11 mrad following intravenous injection. These values reflect the full 11-min exposure, but most of the activity is only present initially. Conclusion: These values will agree with previous estimates and indicate an excellent safety margin. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LABS,DEPT MED,UPTON,NY. COLUMBIA UNIV,COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT PSYCHIAT,NEW YORK,NY. COLUMBIA UNIV,COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT NEUROL,NEW YORK,NY. COLUMBIA UNIV,COLL PHYS & SURG,DEPT RADIOL,NEW YORK,NY. RP PROHOVNIK, I (reprint author), NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIAT INST & HOSP,DEPT BRAIN IMAGING,722 W 168TH ST,BOX 64,NEW YORK,NY 10032, USA. FU NIA NIH HHS [AG05433]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS27325] NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 22090-5316 SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1458 EP 1461 PG 4 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA RM461 UT WOS:A1995RM46100030 PM 7629595 ER PT J AU FUKUMOTO, KI KINOSHITA, C GARNER, FA AF FUKUMOTO, KI KINOSHITA, C GARNER, FA TI VOID FORMATION IN MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE SPINEL HEAVILY IRRADIATED WITH FAST-NEUTRONS SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE VOID FORMATION; MAGNESIUM ALUMINATE SPINEL; SINGLE CRYSTAL; NEUTRON IRRADIATION; SWELLING; CAVITY; DISLOCATION LOOP; STACKING FAULT; CERAMICS; RADIATION RESISTANCE; RADIATION DAMAGE; MEV RANGE 0.1-10; TEMPERATURE RANGE 500-1500K ID DAMAGE; CERAMICS; MGAL2O4; AL2O3 AB Single crystals of magnesium aluminate spinel (MgAl2O4) were heavily irradiated to fission neutron fluences from similar to 1X10(26) to similar to 2X10(27) n/m(2) (E>0.1 MeV) at 658 and 1,023 K in FFTF (Fast Flux Test Facility) to investigate their microstructural evolution under heavy neutron irradiation and to confirm their previously observed resistance to void swelling. At 658 K no voids were observed up to 2.29 x 10(27) n/m(2), but 1/4[110] interstitial loops were formed. These loops changed their habit planes from (111) to (110) with increasing neutron fluence. At 1,023 K the 1/4[110]; type of interstitial loops grew to form stacking fault networks composed of stacking faults on each of the six equivalent {110} planes. Tiny voids were also observed to form preferentially on or near stacking faults after 1.37X10(27) n/m(2). A limited number of very small cavities, contributing to a volumetric swelling of only 0.07%, were also observed in the crystal matrix after 2.17x10(27) n/m(2). The possible mechanisms of suppression of void formation in MgAl2O4 are discussed. C1 KYUSHU UNIV, DEPT NUCL ENGN, HIGASHI KU, FUKUOKA 81281, JAPAN. PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. RP TOHOKU UNIV, INST MAT RES, AOBA KU, SENDAI, MIYAGI 98077, JAPAN. NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3131 EI 1881-1248 J9 J NUCL SCI TECHNOL JI J. Nucl. Sci. Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 32 IS 8 BP 773 EP 778 DI 10.1080/18811248.1995.9731772 PG 6 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RV903 UT WOS:A1995RV90300007 ER PT J AU LASSITER, JC DEPAOLO, DJ MAHONEY, JJ AF LASSITER, JC DEPAOLO, DJ MAHONEY, JJ TI GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE WRANGELLIA FLOOD-BASALT PROVINCE - IMPLICATIONS FOR THE ROLE OF CONTINENTAL AND OCEANIC LITHOSPHERE IN FLOOD-BASALT GENESIS SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY LA English DT Article DE OCEANIC FLOOD BASALTS; WRANGELLIA TERRANE; PETROGENESIS; SR-ND-PB ISOTOPES ID STRONTIUM-ISOTOPE GEOCHEMISTRY; BASIN IGNEOUS COMPLEX; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; NAURU BASIN; CHEMICAL EVIDENCE; VOLCANIC-ROCKS; TRACE-ELEMENT; LEAD-ISOTOPE; RIDGE BASALT AB The Wrangellia terrane of North America contains a large volume of Middle to Late Triassic oceanic flood basalts which were emplaced on top of a preexisting island are. Nd-, Sr-, and Pb-isotopic compositions reflect derivation from a plume source with epsilon(Nd)(T) similar to +6 to +7, Sr-87/Si-86 similar to 0.7034, and Pb-206/Pb-204(i) similar to 19.0. Major and trace element compositions suggest the Wrangellia flood basalts (WFB) formed through relatively small degrees of partial melting at greater depths than estimated for other oceanic plateaux such as Ontong Fava. It appears that the WFB did not form in a rifting environment, and that preexisting are lithosphere limited the ascent and decompression melting of the source plume. Rocks from the preexisting are are strongly depleted in high field strength elements (HFSEs) relative to large ion lithophile elements (LILEs), but the WFB are not. Assimilation of arc lithospheric mantle or crust was therefore generally minor However, some contamination by are components is evident, particularly in basalts erupted in the early stages of volcanism. Minor isotopic shifts, to lower epsilon(Nd)(T) and Pb-206/Pb-204(i) and higher Sr-87/Sr-86(i), are accompanied by shifts in trace element ratios towards more arclike signatures, e.g. low Nb/Th and Nb/La. Are contamination is greatest in the most evolved basalts, indicating that assimilation was coupled with fractional crystallization. A comparison of the WFB with other continental and oceanic flood basalts reveals that continental flood basalts generally form through smaller degrees of melting than oceanic flood basalts and that the contribution of material from the crust and lithospheric mantle is significantly greater. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, DIV EARTH SCI, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. UNIV HAWAII, SCH OCEAN & EARTH SCI & TECHNOL, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA. RP LASSITER, JC (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, BERKLEY CTR ISOTOPE GEOCHEM, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Lassiter, John/P-1892-2015 OI Lassiter, John/0000-0001-5249-168X NR 71 TC 73 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-3530 EI 1460-2415 J9 J PETROL JI J. Petrol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 36 IS 4 BP 983 EP 1009 PG 27 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA RU637 UT WOS:A1995RU63700005 ER PT J AU EDWARDS, LA READ, LC NISHIO, SJ WEIR, AJ HULL, W BARRY, S STYNE, D WHITSETT, JA TARANTAL, AF GEORGENASCIMENTO, C PLOPPER, CG AF EDWARDS, LA READ, LC NISHIO, SJ WEIR, AJ HULL, W BARRY, S STYNE, D WHITSETT, JA TARANTAL, AF GEORGENASCIMENTO, C PLOPPER, CG TI COMPARISON OF THE DISTINCT EFFECTS OF EPIDERMAL GROWTH-FACTOR AND BETAMETHASONE ON THE MORPHOGENESIS OF THE GAS-EXCHANGE REGION AND DIFFERENTIATION OF ALVEOLAR TYPE-II CELLS IN LUNGS OF FETAL RHESUS-MONKEYS SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY-DISTRESS SYNDROME; RAT LUNG; FACTOR RECEPTOR; IMMUNOCYTOCHEMICAL LOCALIZATION; FACTOR EXPRESSION; PRETERM INFANTS; AMNIOTIC-FLUID; RABBIT LUNG; SP-A; SP-B AB To compare the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and betamethasone on the morphogenesis of the gas exchange region and the differentiation of the alveolar type II cell during fetal lung development, fetal rhesus monkeys (78% gestation) were treated in utero with EGF (5.33 mg/kg total dose), betamethasone (2.6 mg/kg total dose) or the carrier, saline (control), every other day for 7 days. EGF-treated monkeys had significantly increased body and adrenal weights. Betamethasone-treated monkeys had significantly decreased body and adrenal weights. Exogenous EGF reduced cytoplasmic glycogen and increased the cytoplasmic organelle and SF-A content within alveolar type II cells. In contrast, exogenous betamethasone did not alter alveolar type II cell cytodifferentiation. Neither EGF nor betamethasone treatment significantly altered the structure of the gas exchange region as shown by a lack of change from controls in alveolar airspace size or in the fraction of the gas exchange region that was potential airspace. We conclude that at clinically relevant doses, EGF greatly accelerates the maturation of alveolar type II cells, whereas betamethasone does not. Exogenous EGF may act directly on alveolar type II cells because these cells contain EGF receptor. Neither EGF nor betamethasone had dramatic effects on the morphogenesis of the gas exchange region. C1 UNIV CALIF DAVIS, SCH VET MED, DEPT ANAT PHYSIOL & CELL BIOL, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. UNIV CALIF DAVIS, SCH MED, DEPT PEDIAT, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, CALIF REG PRIMATE RES CTR, DAVIS, CA 95616 USA. CHIRON CORP, EMERYVILLE, CA 94608 USA. CHILD HLTH RES INST, ADELAIDE, SA, AUSTRALIA. UNIV CINCINNATI, CHILDRENS HOSP, COLL MED, MED CTR, DIV PULM, CINCINNATI, OH 45229 USA. FU NCRR NIH HHS [RROO169]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL28623]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD24959] NR 53 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI BALTIMORE PA 351 WEST CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 274 IS 2 BP 1025 EP 1032 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA RN983 UT WOS:A1995RN98300059 PM 7636717 ER PT J AU LAROCHE, J MURRAY, H ORELLANA, M NEWTON, J AF LAROCHE, J MURRAY, H ORELLANA, M NEWTON, J TI FLAVODOXIN EXPRESSION AS AN INDICATOR OF IRON LIMITATION IN MARINE DIATOMS SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BACILLARIOPHYCEAE; FLAVODOXIN; IMMUNOCHEMISTRY; IRON STRESS; PHAEODACTYLUM TRICORNUTUM ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS; PHYTOPLANKTON; GROWTH; TRANSPORT; PACIFIC; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; FERREDOXIN; NUTRIENT; SEQUENCE; PCC7942 AB We have previously shown that a marine chlorophyte expressed flavodoxin under iron limitation but not under other nutrient stress conditions. Here we use polyclonal antiserum raised against the diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Bohlin to show that a similar response is observed in this species. Using our antibody, western blotting techniques, and standard colorimetric detection (4-chloro-1-naphthol), we can detect at least a 25-50-fold increase in flavodoxin in iron-depleted compared to iron-replete cells. In iron-limited batch cultures of P. tricornutum, flavodoxin accumulation was inversely proportional to growth rate and was not detectable in cultures containing initially more than 750 nM of iron. We demonstrated that the accumulation of flavodoxin under iron stress is wide spread among marine diatoms and that it may be possible to use the presence or absence of flavodoxin in natural marine diatom assemblages to detect iron limitation. However, our polyclonal antisera appears to be specific for diatoms and did not cross-react with Synechococcus sp., Micromonas pusilla (Butcher) Manton et Parke, Dunaliella tertiolecta Butcher, Chlorella sp., Emiliania huxleii (Lohm.) Hay et Parke, or Isochrysis galbana Parke. A reverse bioassay experiment was conducted with natural phytoplankton assemblages containing mainly diatoms from Long Island Sound and in shelf waters near Cape Hatteras, two areas not suspected to be iron-limited. Although flavodoxin was not detected in situ in these areas, natural populations of diatoms driven into iron limitation expressed flavodoxin. Flavodoxin was detected in mats of the diatom Rhizosolenia castrecanei Cleve collected from the Equatorial Pacific during a JGOFS cruise in 1992, consistent with the hypothesis that iron may be limiting in this high-nutrient, low-chlorophyll region. C1 UNIV WASHINGTON, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA. WASHINGTON DEPT ECOL, OLYMPIA, WA 98504 USA. RP LAROCHE, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI LaRoche, Julie/A-1109-2010 NR 57 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-3646 J9 J PHYCOL JI J. Phycol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 31 IS 4 BP 520 EP 530 PG 11 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA RR626 UT WOS:A1995RR62600004 ER PT J AU CHEN, G HAIRE, RG PETERSON, JR AF CHEN, G HAIRE, RG PETERSON, JR TI EFFECT OF PRESSURE ON AMORPHOUS EU(OH)3 - A LUMINESCENCE STUDY SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE AMORPHOUS MATERIALS; INORGANIC COMPOUNDS; HIGH PRESSURE; CRYSTAL FIELDS; LUMINESCENCE ID INDUCED PHASE-TRANSITION; OXIDE GLASSES; SIO2 GLASS; FLUORESCENCE; EUROPIUM(III); SPECTROSCOPY; ABSORPTION; SPECTRUM; EU-3+ AB Luminescence from the D-5(0) --> F-7(0,1,2,4) transitions in the Eu3+ ion in amorphous Eu(OH)(3) was investigated as a function of pressure up to 8 GPa. The spectral characteristics were correlated with various aspects of the ''structure'' of amorphous Eu(OH)(3) and used to discuss the effect of pressure on this material. It was found that pressure induced a decrease in the covalency of the Eu-O bond, a decrease in the Eu-O bond distance, and an increase in the number of non-equivalent Eu3+ ion sites. Discontinuities in the shift of peak positions, the width of the luminescence peak from the D-5(0) --> F-7(0) transition, the intensity ratios, and the crystal-field parameters between 4 and 5 GPa suggested that a phase transition occurred within this pressure range. Compression of amorphous Eu(OH)(3) results in both the shortening of the Eu-O bond distance and an increase in the number of non-equivalent Eu3+ ion sites, which leads to greater non-uniformity in amorphous Eu(OH)(3) under pressure. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT CHEM,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. JILIN UNIV,DEPT MAT SCI,CHANGCHUN 130023,PEOPLES R CHINA. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,TRANSURANIUM RES LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0022-3697 J9 J PHYS CHEM SOLIDS JI J. Phys. Chem. Solids PD AUG PY 1995 VL 56 IS 8 BP 1095 EP 1100 DI 10.1016/0022-3697(95)00017-8 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Physics GA RF331 UT WOS:A1995RF33100013 ER PT J AU MONTGOMERY, D SHAN, XW AF MONTGOMERY, D SHAN, XW TI MICROSCOPIC ORIGINS AND MACROSCOPIC USES OF PLASMA ROTATION SO JOURNAL OF PLASMA PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID HARTMANN-NUMBER; STATES AB We consider the microscopic sources of toroidal and poloidal flow in confined magnetoplasmas and the effects of such flows on macroscopic stability, The central difficulty is satisfactory modelling of kinetic theory effects so as to permit their robust introduction into magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) codes. It is tentatively concluded that poloidal rotation, but not toroidal, is responsible for the computed stabilization and return to axisymmetry. RP MONTGOMERY, D (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES & T-13,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Shan, Xiaowen/H-2836-2013 OI Shan, Xiaowen/0000-0002-6350-9248 NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 SN 0022-3778 J9 J PLASMA PHYS JI J. Plasma Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 54 BP 1 EP 10 PN 1 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA TG214 UT WOS:A1995TG21400001 ER PT J AU CHEN, SS ZHU, S CAI, Y AF CHEN, SS ZHU, S CAI, Y TI EXPERIMENT OF CHAOTIC VIBRATION OF LOOSELY SUPPORTED TUBE ROWS IN CROSS-FLOW SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference CY JUN 19-23, 1994 CL MINNEAPOLIS, MN AB A tube array supported by baffle plates in cross-flow may be subjected to fluidelastic instability in the tube-support-plate-inactive mode. An experimental study is presented to characterize the tube motion. Three series of tests were performed to measure tube displacements as a function of flow velocity for differing clearances. The motion was examined by root-mean-square values of tube displacements, power spectral densities, phase planes, Poincare maps, and Lyapunov exponents. The experimental data agree reasonably well with an analytical model based on the unsteady flow theory. RP CHEN, SS (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 3 BP 204 EP 212 DI 10.1115/1.2842113 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA RV566 UT WOS:A1995RV56600002 ER PT J AU LYON, WS AF LYON, WS TI ENCORE AND MORE SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY-LETTERS LA English DT Article RP LYON, WS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AKADEMIAI KIADO PI BUDAPEST PA PO BOX 245, H-1519 BUDAPEST, HUNGARY SN 0236-5731 J9 J RADIOAN NUCL CH LE JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.-Lett. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 200 IS 6 BP 471 EP 474 DI 10.1007/BF02162495 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA TA039 UT WOS:A1995TA03900001 ER PT J AU ZHANG, J VONDREELE, RB EYRING, L AF ZHANG, J VONDREELE, RB EYRING, L TI STRUCTURES IN THE OXYGEN-DEFICIENT FLUORITE-RELATED R(N)O(2N-2) HOMOLOGOUS SERIES - PR9O16 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID X-RAY; OXIDES AB The crystal structure of the lower-temperature polymorph of the n = 9 member of the homologous series PrnO2n-2, Pr9O16 (zeta), was determined utilizing Rietveld analysis of neutron time-of-flight powder diffraction data. The refined structure (P (1) over bar, a = 6.7396(8) Angstrom, b = 8.711(1) Angstrom, c = 6.6726(8) Angstrom, alpha = 97.424(1)degrees, beta = 99.973(1)degrees, gamma = 75.301(1)degrees, V = 371.7(1) Angstrom(3); Z = 1; R(p) = 3.29%, and wR(p) = 4.64%) is in agreement with the model proposed on the basis of high-resolution electron microscopy. This structure is a superstructure of fluorite (F). The structural element is a pair of vacant oxygen sites separated by 1/2[111](F) across a metal atom. These units are further apart from each other than those in the more reduced member of the series, Pr7O12. The existence of a higher-temperature form of PT9O16 was not confirmed. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CTR SOLID STATE SCI,TEMPE,AZ 85287. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANSCE,MANUEL LUJAN JR NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 118 IS 1 BP 133 EP 140 DI 10.1006/jssc.1995.1321 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RN492 UT WOS:A1995RN49200020 ER PT J AU ZHANG, J VONDREELE, RB EYRING, L AF ZHANG, J VONDREELE, RB EYRING, L TI STRUCTURES IN THE OXYGEN-DEFICIENT FLUORITE-RELATED R(N)O(2N-2) HOMOLOGOUS SERIES - PR10O18 SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID OXIDES; PR24O44 AB The crystal structure of Pr10O18 was determined utilizing Rietveld analysis of neutron time-of-flight (TOF) powder diffraction data. Despite the large size of the unit cell and the complexity of the structure, the refinement was successful (P2(1)/c, a = 6.7304(5) Angstrom, b = 19.390(1) Angstrom, c = 12.794(1) Angstrom, beta = 100.213(1)degrees, V = 1643.2(4) Angstrom(3), and Z = 4; 150 total variables, R(p) = 2.93%, wR(p) = 4.30%). The basic structural element is a pair of vacant oxygen sites separated by a 1/2[111](F) vector across a metal atom, similar to those observed in the more reduced members of the PrnO2n-2 series, Pr7O12 and Pr9O16. However, the arrangement of the vacancy pairs is different than the models previously proposed on the basis of high-resolution electron microscopy. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT CHEM & BIOCHEM,TEMPE,AZ 85287. ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CTR SOLID STATE SCI,TEMPE,AZ 85287. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANSCE,MANUEL LUJAN JR NEUTRON SCATTERING CTR,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 17 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 118 IS 1 BP 141 EP 147 DI 10.1006/jssc.1995.1322 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RN492 UT WOS:A1995RN49200021 ER PT J AU LAPLACA, SJ BRINGLEY, JF SCOTT, BA AF LAPLACA, SJ BRINGLEY, JF SCOTT, BA TI STRUCTURE OF LA5CU5O13.35 BY HIGH-RESOLUTION SYNCHROTRON X-RAY-DIFFRACTION SO JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LACUO3-DELTA AB The structure of La5Cu5O13.35 was refined from high-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction data using the Rietveld method. The unit cell is monoclinic, space group P2/m-C(1)2h (No. 10), with a = 8.62884(5) Angstrom, b = 3.83076(2) Angstrom, c = 8.65148(5) Angstrom, beta = 90.2166(4)degrees, V = 285.973(4) Angstrom(3), Z = 1, D-x = 7.085 g/cm(3) at T = 300 K. 265 independent reflections were included in the refinement and a reasonably good fit was obtained with final R values R(I) = 9.28%, R(p) 14.51%, R(wp) = 19.60%, and goodness-of-fit S-wp = 1.573. The structure is of the oxygen-defect Perovskite type and is composed of one distorted CuO6 octahedron and four distorted CuO5 square pyramids per crystallographic unit cell. The polyhedra of La5Cu5O13+delta display a three-dimensional connectivity with a unique oxygen ordering which creates one-dimensional channels of vacancies along the b-axis. (C) 1995 Academic Press, Inc. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP LAPLACA, SJ (reprint author), IBM CORP,DIV RES,THOMAS J WATSON RES CTR,YORKTOWN HTS,NY 10598, USA. NR 13 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC JNL-COMP SUBSCRIPTIONS PI SAN DIEGO PA 525B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 SN 0022-4596 J9 J SOLID STATE CHEM JI J. Solid State Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 118 IS 1 BP 170 EP 175 DI 10.1006/jssc.1995.1327 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RN492 UT WOS:A1995RN49200026 ER PT J AU RAI, D FELMY, AR MOORE, DA AF RAI, D FELMY, AR MOORE, DA TI THE SOLUBILITY PRODUCT OF CRYSTALLINE FERRIC SELENITE HEXAHYDRATE AND THE COMPLEXATION CONSTANT OF FESEO3+ SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE SOLUBILITY; EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS; SOLUBILITY PRODUCT; FE-2(SEO3)(3)CENTER-DOT-6H(2)O(C); FERRIC SELENITE; SELENITE ID HYDROUS OXIDE; SOILS; MODEL AB The aqueous solubility of Fe-2(SeO3)(3) . 6H(2)O(c) was studied in deionized water adjusted to a range in pH values from 0.77 to 5.1 and in Na2SeO3 solutions ranging in concentrations from 0.0002 To 0.02 mol-dm(-3). The studies were conducted from both the undersaturation and oversaturation directions, with equilibration periods ranging from 7 to 1725 days. Stoichiometric dissolution of the solid war observed in solutions with pH values up to nearly 4. in general, concentrations of both Se and Fe decreased as pH increased from 1 to 4. Analyses of the equilibrated suspensions confirmed the equilibrium solid to be Fe-2(SeO3)(3) . 6H(2)O(c) and the aqueous Se to be selenite. Fitter's ion-interaction model was used with selected ion pairs to interpret the solubility data. The logarithm of the solubility product of ferric selenite Fe-2(SeO3)(3) . 6H(2)O(c) reversible arrow 2Fe(3+) + 3SeO(3)(2-) + 6H(2)O was found to be -4158 +/- 0.11. This value is less than any reported in the literature for a ferric selenite by more than 10 orders of magnitude. The solubility data and calculations show an extremely strong interaction between aqueous Fe3+ and SeO32-; interpretation of these data requires the inclusion of FeSeO3+ i.e. Fe3+ + SeO32- reversible arrow FeSeO3+, log K = 11.15+/-0.11. RP RAI, D (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 25 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 6 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 24 IS 8 BP 735 EP 752 DI 10.1007/BF01131042 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RU775 UT WOS:A1995RU77500001 ER PT J AU HO, PC PALMER, DA AF HO, PC PALMER, DA TI ELECTRICAL CONDUCTANCES OF AQUEOUS SODIUM TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE FROM 0 TO 450-DEGREES-C AND PRESSURES TO 250 MPA SO JOURNAL OF SOLUTION CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE CONDUCTIVITY; SODIUM TRIFLUOROMETHANESULFONATE; ION ASSOCIATION; TEMPERATURE; PRESSURE ID HIGH-TEMPERATURES; 0-DEGREES-C; WATER AB The electrical conductances of dilute (0.001 To 0.1 mol-kg(-1)) aqueous sodium trifluoromethanesulfonate (NaCF3SO3) solutions have been measured from 0 to 450 degrees C and pressures to 250 MPa. The limiting molar conductance Lambda(o) increases with increasing temperature from 0 to 300 degrees C and decreasing density from 0.8 to 0.3 g-cm(-3). Above 300 degrees C, Lambda(o) is nearly temperature independent, but increases linearly with decreasing density. The logarithm of the molal association constant of NaCF3SO3 calculated at temperatures from 372 to 450 degrees C is represented as a function of temperature (Kelvin) and density of water (g-cm(-3)) by log K-m = 0.888 = 330.4/T - (12.83 - 5349/T)log rho(w) The relative strengths of NaCF3SO3 and NaCl are similar within the accuracy of the current measurements over the limited range of temperature and pressure that could be investigated here. RP HO, PC (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 16 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 1 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0095-9782 J9 J SOLUTION CHEM JI J. Solut. Chem. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 24 IS 8 BP 753 EP 769 DI 10.1007/BF01131043 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA RU775 UT WOS:A1995RU77500002 ER PT J AU BERCOVICI, H CONSTANTIN, P FOIAS, C MANLEY, OP AF BERCOVICI, H CONSTANTIN, P FOIAS, C MANLEY, OP TI EXPONENTIAL DECAY OF THE POWER SPECTRUM OF TURBULENCE SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE TURBULENCE; TEMPORAL VELOCITY FLUCTUATIONS; STATISTICAL POWER SPECTRA; ANALYTICITY; ERGODICITY; INVARIANT PROBABILITY MEASURE AB The analyticity on a strip of the solutions of Navier-Stokes equations in 2D is shown to explain the observed fast decay of the frequency power spectrum of the turbulent velocity field. Some subtleties in the application of the Wiener-Khinchine method to turbulence are resolved by showing that the frequency power spectrum of turbulent velocities is in fact a measure exponentially decaying for frequency --> +/- infinity. Our approach also shows that the conventional procedures used in analyzing data in turbulence experiments are valid even in the absence of the ergodic property in the flow. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,DEPT MATH,CHICAGO,IL 60637. US DOE,WASHINGTON,DC 20585. RP BERCOVICI, H (reprint author), INDIANA UNIV,DEPT MATH,BLOOMINGTON,IN 47405, USA. NR 11 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 2 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0022-4715 J9 J STAT PHYS JI J. Stat. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 80 IS 3-4 BP 579 EP 602 DI 10.1007/BF02178549 PG 24 WC Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RM270 UT WOS:A1995RM27000005 ER PT J AU KRESIN, VZ WOLF, SA ADRIAN, SD REEVES, ME OVCHINNIKOV, YN AF KRESIN, VZ WOLF, SA ADRIAN, SD REEVES, ME OVCHINNIKOV, YN TI ENERGY-SPECTRUM IN THE HIGH T-C OXIDES SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT University-of-Miami Workshop on High-Temperature Superconductivity - Physical Properties and Mechanisms CY JAN 05-11, 1995 CL CORAL GABLES, FL SP USN, Off Naval Res, Univ Miami DE GAPLESSNESS; MAGNETIC IMPURITIES; PENETRATION DEPTH; H-C2 ID PENETRATION DEPTH MEASUREMENTS; THIN-FILMS; SUPERCONDUCTORS; YBA2CU3O7-DELTA; PARAMETERS AB The energy gap structure of the cuprates depends strongly on levels of doping. The stoichiometric compound YBa2Cu3O7 displays a peculiar two-gap structure. Oxygen depletion is accompanied by the transition to the gapless state, and this is manifested in various transport, electromagnetic, etc. properties of the material. The temperature dependence of the penetration depth correlates with oxygen content and is characterized by various power laws in an oxygen depleted sample. In other cuprates, overdoping leads to gaplessness and a peculiar dependence of H-c2. C1 USN, RES LAB, WASHINGTON, DC 20375 USA. LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733, RUSSIA. RP KRESIN, VZ (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RI Wolf, Stuart/A-7513-2009 NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 8 IS 4 BP 441 EP 444 DI 10.1007/BF00722825 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU785 UT WOS:A1995RU78500013 ER PT J AU EMIN, D AF EMIN, D TI LARGE BIPOLARONS AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT University-of-Miami Workshop on High-Temperature Superconductivity - Physical Properties and Mechanisms CY JAN 05-11, 1995 CL CORAL GABLES, FL SP USN, Off Naval Res, Univ Miami DE BIPOLARONS; INFRARED ABSORPTION; MOBILITY; LIQUID; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY ID TEMPERATURE AB Superconductivity has long been speculated to result from charge carriers paired as mobile charged bosons. Although the pairing of carriers as small (single-site) bipolarons is known, small bipolarons readily localize. By contrast, large (multi-site) bipolarons, in analogy with large polarons, should be mobile. It is shown that large bipolarons can form in solids with very displaceable ions, e.g., many oxides. Large-polaronic (but not small-polaronic) carriers produce absorption spectra like the carrier-induced absorptions observed in cuprates. Redistribution of the self-trapped carriers of large bipolarons among sites of carriers' molecular orbitals in response to atomic motions lowers phonon frequencies. The dependence of the phonon zero-point energy on the spatial distribution of large bipolarons produces a phonon-mediated attraction between them. This dynamic quantum-mechanical attraction fosters the condensation of large bipolarons into a liquid. Superconductivity can result when the large-bipolarons' groundstate remains liquid rather than solidifying. RP EMIN, D (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 8 IS 4 BP 523 EP 526 DI 10.1007/BF00722846 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU785 UT WOS:A1995RU78500034 ER PT J AU BISHOP, AR GAMMEL, JT SALKOLA, MI AF BISHOP, AR GAMMEL, JT SALKOLA, MI TI LOCAL POLARIZABILITY, STRUCTURE, AND CHARGE-TRANSFER IN HIGH-T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS SO JOURNAL OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT University-of-Miami Workshop on High-Temperature Superconductivity - Physical Properties and Mechanisms CY JAN 05-11, 1995 CL CORAL GABLES, FL SP USN, Off Naval Res, Univ Miami DE POLARIZABILITY; POLARONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER ID PEIERLS-HUBBARD MODEL; OXIDE SUPERCONDUCTORS; TRANSFER EXCITATIONS; GROUND-STATES; TRANSITION; YBA2CU3O7; CHAINS; PLANES AB Using 2-band Peierls-Hubbard cluster and chain models, we illustrate the importance of polarizability and coupled charge-lattice-spin effects in complex electronic materials. RP BISHOP, AR (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0896-1107 J9 J SUPERCOND JI J. Supercond. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 8 IS 4 BP 527 EP 530 DI 10.1007/BF00722847 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU785 UT WOS:A1995RU78500035 ER PT J AU SINCLAIR, MB DIMOS, D POTTER, BG SCHWARTZ, RW AF SINCLAIR, MB DIMOS, D POTTER, BG SCHWARTZ, RW TI ANGULARLY AND SPECTRALLY RESOLVED LIGHT-SCATTERING FROM LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE THIN-FILMS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL MULTILAYERS; BULK SCATTERING; MICROSTRUCTURE; SURFACES AB The results of light-scattering measurements of a series of Pb(Zr,Ti)O-3 thin films prepared by a sol-gel method are presented and analyzed. The films differed due to the addition of different concentrations of acetylacetone to the precursor solution immediately prior to film fabrication. Visual inspection of the films indicated improvements in optical quality with the addition of acetylacetone. To quantify these improvements, two types of light-scattering measurements were performed: angularly resolved light scattering and spectrally resolved light scattering. Surprisingly, only slight differences between the films were observed using angularly resolved light scattering at 633 nm. In contrast, the spectrally resolved scattering revealed large differences between the films, with the films prepared using the largest concentrations of acetylacetone exhibiting the lowest scattering. The apparent contradiction between these findings is resolved using a theoretical model for light scattering due to fluctuations in the dielectric constant occurring within the volume of the thin film and by noting that slight thickness differences exist between the films in the series. Analysis of the light scattering from the best sample yields estimates for the amplitude (xi(0) = 0.08) and the characteristic size (tau(0) = 110 nm) of the dielectric constant fluctuations. These estimates are consistent with the variations of the dielectric constant expected due to the birefringent, polycrystalline nature of these films. RP SINCLAIR, MB (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2027 EP 2032 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08614.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900005 ER PT J AU WERESZCZAK, AA FERBER, MK KIRKLAND, TP MORE, KL FOLEY, MR YECKLEY, RL AF WERESZCZAK, AA FERBER, MK KIRKLAND, TP MORE, KL FOLEY, MR YECKLEY, RL TI EVOLUTION OF STRESS FAILURE RESULTING FROM HIGH-TEMPERATURE STRESS-CORROSION CRACKING IN A HOT ISOSTATICALLY PRESSED SILICON-NITRIDE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID OXIDATION; BEHAVIOR; PHASE; SYSTEM AB Stress-corrosion cracking in a commercially available, hot isostatically pressed (HIPed), yttria-fluxed, silicon nitride was the prevalent mode of failure in specimens creep-ruptured at 1370 degrees C. High-temperature diffusional processes associated with oxygen were responsible for the creation of an advancing stress-corrosion front that had formed at the specimen surface and advanced radially inward. The volume of material in the wake of the stress-corrosion front possessed a high concentration of lenticular cavities at two-grain boundaries, a high concentration of multigrain junction cavities, and large amorphous ''pockets'' in other multigrain junctions that were abnormally rich in oxygen and yttrium. The combination of tensile stress and the high concentration of cavities in the nearsurface volume of the material resulted in microcrack coalescence or the formation of a planar, stress-corrosion crack. The concurrent growth of the stress-corrosion front and crack during the tensile creep-rupture tests ultimately led to stress-induced failure. C1 ST GOBAIN NORTON IND CERAM CORP,NORTHBORO RES & DEV CTR,NORTHBOROUGH,MA 01532. RP WERESZCZAK, AA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,HIGH TEMP MAT LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI More, Karren/A-8097-2016; Wereszczak, Andrew/I-7310-2016 OI More, Karren/0000-0001-5223-9097; Wereszczak, Andrew/0000-0002-8344-092X NR 32 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2129 EP 2140 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08625.x PG 12 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900016 ER PT J AU CONZONE, SD BLUMENTHAL, WR VARNER, JR AF CONZONE, SD BLUMENTHAL, WR VARNER, JR TI FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS OF TIB2 AND B4C USING THE SINGLE-EDGE PRECRACKED BEAM, INDENTATION STRENGTH, CHEVRON-NOTCHED BEAM, AND INDENTATION STRENGTH METHODS SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SPECIMENS; EQUATIONS; CRACK; LOAD AB The mode I fracture toughness (K-Ic) of boron carbide (B4C) and titanium diboride (TIB2) was determined using four competing techniques. The indentation strength (IS), chevron notched beam (CNB), and indentation fracture (IF) methods are common techniques that were compared to the recently standardized single-edge precrack beam (SEPB) method. The SEPB method was more difficult to apply, but it represents the most rigorous method for K-Ic determination, because it uses few assumptions and requires a direct measurement of crack length. The IS method was an expeditious and economical alternative when low indentation loads were used. CNB K-Ic values were virtually rate-independent when displacement rates less than or equal to 0.5 mm/min were used. The IF method was the least satisfactory technique, because of high variability in K-c values and because of the low differentiation between the two materials studied. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP CONZONE, SD (reprint author), ALFRED UNIV,NEW YORK STATE COLL CERAM,ALFRED,NY 14802, USA. NR 20 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2187 EP 2192 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08634.x PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900025 ER PT J AU SERGO, V WANG, XL CLARKE, DR BECHER, PE AF SERGO, V WANG, XL CLARKE, DR BECHER, PE TI RESIDUAL-STRESSES IN ALUMINA/CERIA-STABILIZED ZIRCONIA COMPOSITES SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Note AB Measurements of the residual stresses in Al2O3/Ce-TZP (12 mol% CeO2) sintered composites, containing 10, 20, and 40 vol% zirconia, obtained by neutron diffraction and by piezospectroscopy using optical fluorescence and Raman are compared. The techniques give essentially the same values for the spatial average of the hydrostatic residual stresses in the two phases despite the difference in the parameters measured in the two techniques. The measured stresses are also in accord with those predicted from a stochastic stress analysis for materials cooling from a stress-free temperature of similar to 1180 degrees C. Over the range of volume fraction investigated the hydrostatic stress in the alumina phase varies linearly with zirconia content, corresponding most closely to the upper Hashin bound. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP SERGO, V (reprint author), UNIV CALIF SANTA BARBARA,DEPT MAT,SANTA BARBARA,CA 93106, USA. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Clarke, David/D-2616-2009; Albe, Karsten/F-1139-2011 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; NR 15 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2213 EP 2214 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08639.x PG 2 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900030 ER PT J AU XU, ZK DAI, XH VIEHLAND, D PAYNE, DA LI, Z JIANG, YD AF XU, ZK DAI, XH VIEHLAND, D PAYNE, DA LI, Z JIANG, YD TI FERROELECTRIC DOMAINS AND INCOMMENSURATION IN THE INTERMEDIATE PHASE REGION OF LEAD ZIRCONATE SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID TRANSITIONS; DIFFRACTION; PBZRO3 AB Electron microscopy of lead zirconate (PbZrO3) identified the presence of an intermediate region between the high-temperature cubic state and the low-temperature antiferroelectric state. Ferroelectric domains were found to occur between 200 degrees and 230 degrees C on cooling. Convergent-beam electron diffraction studies identified rhombohedral symmetry for the ferroelectric phase. Selected area electron diffraction patterns determined 1/23{110} superlattice reflections in the ferroelectric state. The reflections were associated with a softening of an M-type oxygen octahedral rotation mode. In addition, 1/x{110} incommensurate superlattice reflections were detected within a narrow temperature range for PbZrO3 between the intermediate ferroelectric and low-temperature antiferroelectric states. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,SEITZ MAT RES LAB,URBANA,IL 61801. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP XU, ZK (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,1304 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. OI XU, Zhengkui/0000-0002-7465-8513 NR 23 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2220 EP 2224 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08641.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900032 ER PT J AU HSUEH, CH BECHER, PE AF HSUEH, CH BECHER, PE TI DETERMINATION OF THE R-CURVE FROM THE STRENGTH-INDENTATION LOAD RELATION SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Note ID TOUGHNESS CURVES; CRACK-GROWTH; CERAMICS; RESISTANCE; BEHAVIOR; ALUMINA; FLAWS AB Strength as a function of indentation load has been measured to evaluate toughness versus crack size curves (i,e., R-curves) of ceramics. In the past, this evaluation is achieved by generating a family of global stress intensity versus crack size curves (i,e., K-curves) at each indentation load and its corresponding strength, and then fitting an envelope of tangency points to these curves. This envelope yields the R-curve. A methodology is proposed in the present study to define the point in the K-curve at which the R-curve intersects. This methodology complements the conventional ''tangency condition'' approach in determining the R-curve from the experimental strength-indentation load relation. RP HSUEH, CH (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Hsueh, Chun-Hway/G-1345-2011 NR 13 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2237 EP 2239 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08645.x PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900036 ER PT J AU REIMANIS, IE HAWLEY, ME MITCHELL, TE ZHOU, DS AF REIMANIS, IE HAWLEY, ME MITCHELL, TE ZHOU, DS TI FRACTURE CHARACTERISTICS OF CZOCHRALSKI-GROWN Y3AL5O12 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Note AB The fracture surfaces of single-crystal Y3Al5O12 (YAG) have been examined in detail using differential interference microscopy and atomic force microscopy. In YAG crystals grown in 1977 by the Czochralski method strikingly regular undulations of microscopic and submicroscopic dimensions (4-20 nm in amplitude, 1-20 mu m in wavelength) are observed on every fracture surface. The undulations do not exhibit typical characteristics of Wallner lines; furthermore, they are not observed in identical fracture tests for YAG crystals grown in 1990 by the Czochralski method. Transmission electron microscopy reveals that the crystals grown in 1977 exhibit a periodic fluctuation of the ratio of the concentrations of aluminum to yttrium, suggesting that the fracture surface features are caused by periodic astoichiometry. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP REIMANIS, IE (reprint author), COLORADO SCH MINES,DEPT MET & MAT ENGN,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC 735 CERAMIC PLACE PI WESTERVILLE PA PO BOX 6136, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-6136 SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 78 IS 8 BP 2282 EP 2286 DI 10.1111/j.1151-2916.1995.tb08658.x PG 5 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA TJ789 UT WOS:A1995TJ78900049 ER PT J AU THACKERAY, MM AF THACKERAY, MM TI STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS OF LAYERED AND SPINEL LITHIATED OXIDES FOR LITHIUM ION BATTERIES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ELECTROCHEMISTRY; TRANSFORMATION; ELECTRODES; CHEMISTRY; INSERTION; CATHODE; LIMN2O4; SYSTEM; CELLS AB Rechargeable lithium batteries that can be assembled in the discharged state with lithiated metal oxide cathodes and carbon anodes are being developed to minimize the safety hazards associated with batteries that use pure metallic lithium anodes. This paper reviews crystallographic aspects of insertion electrodes with layered (Li(x)MO(2)) and spinel (Li(x)M(2)O(4)) structures (M = Co, Ni, Mn, V). The use of Li4Ti5O12 (spinel) instead of Lithiated carbon (LiC6) as the anode is briefly discussed. Emphasis is placed on the structural properties of insertion electrodes that control their stability during electrochemical cycling. RP THACKERAY, MM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM TECHNOL,ELECTROCHEM TECHNOL PROGRAM,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 37 TC 356 Z9 362 U1 19 U2 215 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 142 IS 8 BP 2558 EP 2563 DI 10.1149/1.2050053 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RN053 UT WOS:A1995RN05300012 ER PT J AU FENG, JR JOHNSON, DC LOWERY, SN AF FENG, JR JOHNSON, DC LOWERY, SN TI OXIDATION OF THIOSULFATE TO SULFATE AT GLASSY-CARBON ELECTRODES SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article AB Thiosulfate (S2O32-) can be quantitatively oxidized to sulfate (SO42-) without production of elemental sulfur (S-o) by a two-step anodic process at glassy carbon electrodes in 1.0M NaOAc/1.0M HOAc buffer (pH 5). The first step, at 1.0 V vs. SCE, converts S2O32- to tetrathionate (S4O62-). The second step, at 1.6 V vs. SCE, converts S4O62- to S4O2-. Addition of bromide (Br-) to S2O32- solutions expedites the desired conversion, presumably because of homogeneous oxidations by bromine (Br-2) generated by anodic oxidation of Br-. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. EASTMAN KODAK CO,CORP HLTH & ENVIRONM LABS,ENVIRONM SCI SECT,ROCHESTER,NY 14650. RP FENG, JR (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT CHEM,AMES,IA 50011, USA. NR 5 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 142 IS 8 BP 2618 EP 2620 DI 10.1149/1.2050063 PG 3 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RN053 UT WOS:A1995RN05300022 ER PT J AU KOCHA, SS TURNER, JA AF KOCHA, SS TURNER, JA TI DISPLACEMENT OF THE BANDEDGES OF GALNP(2) IN AQUEOUS-ELECTROLYTES INDUCED BY SURFACE MODIFICATION SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INP SURFACE; PASSIVATION; INTERFACES AB The surface of epi layer p-GaInP2 electrodes was treated using 8-quinolinol, cupferron, and ferrocyanide, producing a modified surface directed at varying the Helmholtz layer charge. Mott-Schottky and photocurrent-voltage measurements were carried out to determine if there was any shift in the flatband potential or change in the onset of photocurrent due to the altered surface charge. Treatments with 8-quinolinol and cupferron were found to shift the flatband to more positive potentials; treatments with ferrocyanide produced a negative shift. The quinolate-modified interface had flatband potentials that were pH independent in the range 5 through 8. Photoluminescence studies on electrodes that were etched, treated with 8-quinolinol, and exposed to air for long periods showed no degradation of the luminescence intensity or photoluminescence decay time, in contrast to untreated electrodes. RP KOCHA, SS (reprint author), NATL RENEWABLE ENERGY LAB,PHOTOCONVERS BRANCH,GOLDEN,CO 80401, USA. RI Kocha, Shyam/E-4347-2010 NR 33 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 142 IS 8 BP 2625 EP 2630 DI 10.1149/1.2050065 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RN053 UT WOS:A1995RN05300024 ER PT J AU STALLARD, BR ESPINOZA, LH ROWE, RK GARCIA, MJ NIEMCZYK, TM AF STALLARD, BR ESPINOZA, LH ROWE, RK GARCIA, MJ NIEMCZYK, TM TI TRACE WATER-VAPOR DETECTION IN NITROGEN AND CORROSIVE-GASES BY FTIR SPECTROSCOPY SO JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID QUANTITATIVE SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; LEAST-SQUARES METHODS; MOISTURE; HCL AB A commercial Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (modified to improve the purge) and a long-path gas cell were used to demonstrate a detection limit of about 10 ppb for water in N-2, HCl, and HBr. This technology is being developed as an in-line monitor to extend the life of gas delivery systems and improve wafer yields in the semiconductor industry. The reported detection limit includes an improvement of about a factor of three achieved by applying quantitative multivariate calibration to the problem. Methods are discussed to compensate for background moisture in the beam path. Also, discussed are the choice of operating parameters to optimize the instrumental performance. Surprisingly, resolving the narrow water absorption bands (FWHM approximate to 0.20 cm(-1)) is not necessary to achieve optimal sensitivity In fact optimal sensitivity is achieved at 2 to 4 cm(-1) resolution, allowing the use of an inexpensive interferometer in the final instrument. A calibration over the range of 40 to 2000 ppb of water in N, has been performed and found to be in good agreement with published spectral data. Finally, an improved instrument design is discussed which is projected to have a lower detection limit and a shorter collection time. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT CHEM,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP STALLARD, BR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 16 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELECTROCHEMICAL SOC INC PI PENNINGTON PA 10 SOUTH MAIN STREET, PENNINGTON, NJ 08534 SN 0013-4651 J9 J ELECTROCHEM SOC JI J. Electrochem. Soc. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 142 IS 8 BP 2777 EP 2782 DI 10.1149/1.2050091 PG 6 WC Electrochemistry; Materials Science, Coatings & Films SC Electrochemistry; Materials Science GA RN053 UT WOS:A1995RN05300050 ER PT J AU GOUDONNET, JP BOURILLOT, E ADAM, PM DEFORNEL, F SALOMON, L VINCENT, P NEVIERE, M FERRELL, TL AF GOUDONNET, JP BOURILLOT, E ADAM, PM DEFORNEL, F SALOMON, L VINCENT, P NEVIERE, M FERRELL, TL TI IMAGING OF TEST QUARTZ GRATINGS WITH A PHOTON SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE - EXPERIMENT AND THEORY SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL MICROSCOPY AB We use the differential formalism of the electromagnetic theory of gratings to interpret the images of test sinusoidal or lamellar quartz gratings obtained with a photon scanning tunneling microscope. The period of the grating is 0.5 mu m, and the height of the rule is 0.2 mu m. It is shown that the images depend strongly on several parameters, such as polarization or angle of incidence, with respect to the ruling direction. A systematic study of the isointensity lines above the gratings as a function of polarization is presented, and it is shown that the image contrast can be increased or decreased depending on the sample-probe distance. To model the interaction of the fiber probe with the electromagnetic field, we consider a second grating facing the grating under study, and by varying the periodicity of the second grating we calculate the intensity of the collected light and compare it with the experimental results. C1 FAC SCI & TECH ST JEROME,CTR ST JEROME,OPT ELECTROMAGNET LAB,F-13397 MARSEILLE 13,FRANCE. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV HLTH & SAFETY RES,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP GOUDONNET, JP (reprint author), UNIV BOURGOGNE,FAC SCI MIRANDE,PHYS LAB,URA 1796,EQUIPE OPT SUBMICRON,BP 138,F-21004 DIJON,FRANCE. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3232 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 12 IS 8 BP 1749 EP 1764 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.12.001749 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA RK710 UT WOS:A1995RK71000017 ER PT J AU YOUNG, JP SHAW, RW AF YOUNG, JP SHAW, RW TI SELECTIVE ISOTOPE DETERMINATION OF LANTHANUM BY DIODE-LASER-INITIATED RESONANCE-IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA B-OPTICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A diode-laser step has been incorporated into a resonance-ionization mass spectrometry optical excitation process to enhance the isotopic selectivity of the technique. Lanthanum isotope ratio enhancements as high as 10(3) were achieved by use of a single-frequency cw diode laser tuned to excite the first step of a three-step excitation-ionization optical process; the subsequent steps were excited by use of a pulsed dye laser. Applying the same optical technique, we measured atomic hyperfine constants for the high-lying even-parity D-4(5/2) State of lanthanum at 30 354 cm(-1) The general utility of this spectral approach is discussed. RP YOUNG, JP (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 7 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 SN 0740-3224 J9 J OPT SOC AM B JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. B-Opt. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 12 IS 8 BP 1398 EP 1402 DI 10.1364/JOSAB.12.001398 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA RN059 UT WOS:A1995RN05900002 ER PT J AU YU, XF WANG, Z BEYRER, C CELENTANO, DD KHAMBOONRUANG, C ALLEN, E NELSON, K AF YU, XF WANG, Z BEYRER, C CELENTANO, DD KHAMBOONRUANG, C ALLEN, E NELSON, K TI PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1 FROM PATIENTS WITH AIDS IN NORTHERN THAILAND SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SYNCYTIUM-INDUCING PHENOTYPE; BIOLOGICAL PHENOTYPE; ENVELOPE PROTEIN; HIV-1 INFECTION; V3 DOMAIN; VARIANTS; PROGRESSION; CAPACITY; RISK; INDIVIDUALS AB Primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates were obtained from 22 patients with AIDS from northern Thailand, where HIV-1 is transmitted primarily through the heterosexual route. Viral sequences were determined for the 22 patients with AIDS, and all were subtype E HIV-1 on the basis of sequence analysis of a region from the envelope protein gp120. Syncytium-inducing (SI) viruses were detected for 16 of 22 patients with AIDS by using MT-2 cells. Characteristics of amino acid sequences in V3 which have not been reported previously for subtype B SI HIV-1 were associated with the subtype E HIV-1 SI phenotype. The SI viruses from our study population contain predominantly a GPGR or GPGH motif at the tip of the V3 loop, in contrast to the previously described subtype E HIV-1 from Thailand which contained predominantly GPGQ. All the SI viruses lost a potential N-linked glycosylation site in V3 which is highly conserved among previously described subtype E HIV-1 isolates from asymptomatic patients from Thailand. HIV-1 envelope sequences including V3 from some patients with AIDS were significantly more divergent than viruses from asymptomatic patients in Thailand characterized 2 years ago or earlier. These results suggest that emergence of subtype E SI HIV-1 variants is associated with the development of AIDS, as it is for subtype B HIV-1. The divergence of subtype E HIV-1 in patients with AIDS as the disease progresses, and the divergence of subtype E HIV-1 in the infected population as the epidemic continues in Thailand, may have important implications for vaccine development. C1 JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT EPIDEMIOL,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT HLTH POLICY & MANAGEMENT,BALTIMORE,MD 21205. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM. CHIANG MAI UNIV,CHIANG MAI 50000,THAILAND. RP YU, XF (reprint author), JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV,SCH HYG & PUBL HLTH,DEPT MOLEC MICROBIOL & IMMUNOL,615 N WOLFE ST,BALTIMORE,MD 21205, USA. FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI 33862] NR 41 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1325 MASSACHUSETTS AVENUE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005-4171 SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 69 IS 8 BP 4649 EP 4655 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA RH854 UT WOS:A1995RH85400008 PM 7609029 ER PT J AU RICIPUTI, LR JOHNSON, CM SAWYER, DA LIPMAN, PW AF RICIPUTI, LR JOHNSON, CM SAWYER, DA LIPMAN, PW TI CRUSTAL AND MAGMATIC EVOLUTION IN A LARGE MULTICYCLIC CALDERA COMPLEX - ISOTOPIC EVIDENCE FROM THE CENTRAL SAN-JUAN VOLCANIC FIELD SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID OASIS-VALLEY CALDERA; RIO-GRANDE RIFT; ASH-FLOW TUFFS; SOUTHWESTERN COLORADO; CONTINENTAL-CRUST; TIMBER MOUNTAIN; GRANITIC MAGMAS; NORTH-AMERICA; LAACHER-SEE; ND AB The Sr, Nd and Pb isotope compositions of ash-flow tuffs and lavas from the central caldera cluster of the San Juan volcanic field, Colorado, suggest that the silicic magmas were derived by fractional crystallization of mantle-derived basalts, coupled with extensive assimilation of both lower-and upper-crustal components, Temporal trends of increasing epsilon(Nd) values and decreasing Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios of the ash-flow tuffs suggest that extensive crustal hybridization of both upper-and lower-crustal reservoirs occurred as a result of magmatism. Mantle-derived basalts are envisioned to have initially crystallized and significantly interacted with crust near the crust-mantle boundary, creating a hybrid crust that is a mixture of mantle and lower-crustal components. Evolved magmas ascended into the upper crust, where they continued to assimilate and crystallize, modifying the bulk upper-crustal composition through transfer of both lower-crustal and mantle components into the upper crust, strongly affecting the isotopic compositions of the lower and upper crust, Lower-crustal epsilon(Nd) values and Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios are calculated to have shifted > 30-40% toward mantle compositions during these processes, although Pb isotope compositions of the lower crust are not as strongly affected (< 30% shift to mantle compositions). Depending on the extent of upper crust-lower crust recycling, upper-crustal epsilon(Nd) values shift 15-30% toward mantle compositions, Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios shift 20-55% toward lower-crustal and mantle ratios and Pb-206/Pb-204 ratios decrease 15-25% toward lower-crustal ratios. Crustal hybridization during evolution of the central caldera cluster was intense, although hybridization in the upper crust was localized to the region immediately underlying the calderas. Two distinct isotopic cycles are recognized in the ash-flow tuffs, one from 27.8 to 26.9 Ma (first caldera cycle) and the second from 26.4 to 26.1 Ma (San Luis caldera cycle),The break between the two cycles may be due to a shift in the locus of magmatism to the northwest, into an area of relatively unhybridized, original Proterozoic crust, Isotopic compositions of the caldera-related lavas are variable, and unlike the ash-flow tuffs, there are no distinctive temporal trends. The lavas are believed to undergo late-stage evolution in smaller magma chambers surrounding the caldera cluster, where the crust has not been as intensely hybridized. The comparatively large isotopic variability of the lavas reflects the high susceptibility of small magma chambers to isotopic modification during interaction with heterogeneous crust, In contrast, ash-flow magmas evolve in much larger magma chambers which tend to average isotopic heterogeneity of crust and mantle end-members, and the isotopic compositions of the tuffs serve as a better monitor of changes in the average composition of the magmatic system and the crustal column. C1 UNIV WISCONSIN, DEPT GEOL & GEOPHYS, MADISON, WI 53706 USA. US GEOL SURVEY, DENVER FED CTR, DENVER, CO 80225 USA. US GEOL SURVEY, MENLO PK, CA 94025 USA. RP RICIPUTI, LR (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI, POB 2008, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. NR 48 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP 1 EP 28 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(94)00097-Z PG 28 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000002 ER PT J AU TOYODA, S GOFF, F IKEDA, S IKEYA, M AF TOYODA, S GOFF, F IKEDA, S IKEYA, M TI ESR DATING OF QUARTZ PHENOCRYSTS IN THE EL-CAJETE AND BATTLESHIP-ROCK MEMBERS OF VALLES RHYOLITE, VALLES CALDERA, NEW-MEXICO SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; JEMEZ VOLCANIC FIELD; PROGRAM CORE HOLE; EVOLUTION; MOUNTAINS; HISTORY; CENTERS; VC-1; THERMOLUMINESCENCE; SYSTEM AB The electron spin resonance (ESR) dating method was employed on quartz phenocrysts separated from pumice of the El Cajete and Battleship Rock Members of the Valles Rhyolite in the Valles caldera, New Mexico. The results of heating experiments indicate that Ti impurity centers have two components; a thermally stable one and a less stable, temperature sensitive one. ESR dates using the stable Ti center yield eruption ages of 59 +/- 6 ka for the Battleship Rock Member and 53 +/- 6 ka for the El Cajete Member while recent C-14 dates (S. Reneau and J. Gardner, unpub. data) from carbonized logs in the El Cajete pumice indicate that its age is older than 50 ka. Our results indicate that volcanism in the Valles caldera is much younger than previously thought (greater than or equal to 130 ka) and that recent revisions to the post-0.5 Ma stratigraphy of Valles caldera are probably in error. The results suggest that ESR dating of quartz may be a useful method for obtaining ages of units in other Quaternary volcanic areas. C1 OSAKA UNIV,FAC SCI,DEPT EARTH & SPACE SCI,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 46 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP 29 EP 40 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(94)00093-V PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000003 ER PT J AU ROBERTS, PM AKI, K FEHLER, MC AF ROBERTS, PM AKI, K FEHLER, MC TI A SHALLOW ATTENUATING ANOMALY INSIDE THE RING FRACTURE OF THE VALLES CALDERA, NEW-MEXICO SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEDIMENT-FILLED VALLEYS; SEISMIC RESPONSE; SH-WAVES; FIELD AB Spectral ratios of teleseismic direct and scattered P waves observed in the Valles Caldera, New Mexico, show a systematic pattern of low amplitudes at sites inside the caldera relative to sites on or outside the ring fracture. Waveforms recorded at caldera stations are considerably more complex than those recorded outside the caldera. The data used in this study were collected during a passive seismic monitoring experiment conducted in 1987. Twenty-four teleseismic events were recorded on two linear arrays spanning the caldera. To first order, the pattern of low amplitudes did not vary with source incidence angle or azimuth of approach, and could not be explained by anomalous amplification at the ring fracture. This observation suggests the presence of a shallow, attenuating zone associated with the caldera fill material inside of the ring fracture. We estimated the general features of the caldera's near-surface structure for the two-dimensional vertical cross section beneath the array, using a modification of the Aki-Lamer discrete-wavenumber method to forward model the observed amplitude variations. Our results indicate that the caldera fill material must be subdivided into at least two distinct zones: a strongly attenuating lower zone, extending to depths in excess of 4 km, and a mildly attenuating surface layer. To fit the data we had to assign an unrealistically low value to seismic Q in the deeper attenuating anomaly. We attribute this to the inability of the Aki-Lamer method to account for strong re-direction of energy away from the caldera due to local heterogeneity that we could not include within the low-Q anomaly. This interpretation is consistent with the pervasive, fractured hydrothermal system that is known to exist in the caldera fill material. C1 UNIV SO CALIF,DEPT GEOL SCI,LOS ANGELES,CA 90089. RP ROBERTS, PM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,GEOENGN GRP EES4,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP 79 EP 99 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(94)00100-U PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000006 ER PT J AU SASADA, M GOFF, F AF SASADA, M GOFF, F TI FLUID INCLUSION EVIDENCE FOR RAPID FORMATION OF THE VAPOR-DOMINATED ZONE AT SULFUR-SPRINGS, VALLES CALDERA, NEW-MEXICO, USA SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID JEMEZ VOLCANIC FIELD; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS; SULFUR SPRINGS; EVOLUTION; DEPOSITION; MOUNTAINS; CO2 AB Microthermometric measurements were obtained for 618 fluid inclusions in hydrothermal quartz, fluorite and calcite and magmatic quartz phenocrysts in intracaldera tuffs from the VC-2A core hole in order to study evolutionary processes of the Sulphur Springs hydrothermal system in the Valles caldera. Relatively high T-h values in samples from shallow depths indicate erosion of about 200 m of caldera fill since deposition of hydrothermal minerals at shallow depths in the Sulphur Springs hydrothermal system, accompanied by a descent in the water table of the liquid-dominated reservoir. For samples collected below the current water level of the well, the minimum values of homogenization temperature (T-h) fit the present thermal profile, whereas minimum T-h values of samples from above the water level are several tens of degrees higher than the present thermal profile and fit a paleo-thermal profile following the boiling point curve for pure water, as adjusted to 92 degrees C at 20 m below the present land surface. This is attributed to development of an evolving vapor zone that formed subsequent to a sudden drop in the water table of the liquid-dominated reservoir. We suggest that these events were caused by the drainage of an intracaldera lake when the southwestern wall of the caldera was breached about 0.5 Ma. This model indicates that vapor zones above major liquid-dominated geothermal reservoirs can be formed due to dramatic changes in geohydrology and not just from simple boiling. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV EARTH & ENVIRONM SCI,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SASADA, M (reprint author), GEOL SURVEY JAPAN,GEOTHERMAL RES DEPT,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP 161 EP 169 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(94)00101-L PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000010 ER PT J AU WOLLENBERG, HA FLEXSER, S SMITH, AR AF WOLLENBERG, HA FLEXSER, S SMITH, AR TI MOBILITY AND DEPOSITIONAL CONTROLS OF RADIOELEMENTS IN HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEMS AT THE LONG-VALLEY AND VALLES CALDERAS SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PROGRAM CORE HOLE; NEW-MEXICO; CALIFORNIA; URANIUM; VC-1; AGE AB The loci and abundance of U and Th were examined in tuffaceous rocks encompassing hydrothermal systems at the Long Valley caldera, California and the Valles caldera, New Mexico. Aspects of these systems may be analogous to conditions expected in a potential site for a high-level waste repository in welded tuff. Examination of radioelements in core from scientific drill holes at these sites was accomplished by gamma-ray spectrometry and fission-track radiography. In the lateral-flowing hydrothermal system at the Long Valley caldera, where temperatures range from 140 to 200 degrees C, U is concentrated to 20 ppm in Fe-rich zones of varved tuff and to 50 ppm with Fe-rich mineral phases in tuff fragments of a calcite-cemented breccia. U-series disequilibrium in some of these samples suggests mobilization/deposition of parent U and/or its daughters. In the vapor zone of the Valles caldera's hydrothermal system (temperature similar to 100 degrees C), the concordance of high U, low Th/U and decreasing whole-rock O-isotope ratios suggests that U was concentrated in response to hydrothermal circulation when the system was formerly liquid-dominated. In the underlying present-day liquid-dominated zone (temperature to 210 degrees C), U, up to several tens of parts per million, occurs with pyrite and Fe-oxide minerals, and in concentrations to several percents with a Ti-Nb-Y-rare earth mineral. In the Valles system's outflow zone, U is also concentrated in Fe-rich zones as well as in carbonaceous-rich zones in the Paleozoic sedimentary rocks that underlie the Quaternary tuff. Th, associated with accessory minerals, predominates in breccia zones and in a mineralized fault zone near the base of the Paleozoic sedimentary sequence. Relatively high concentrations of U occur in springs representative of water recharging the Valles caldera's hydrothermal system. In contrast, considerably lower U concentrations occur in hot waters (> 220 degrees C) and in the system's outflow plume, suggesting that U is concentrating in the hotter part of the system. The Long Valley and Valles observations indicate that U and Ra are locally mobile under hydrothermal conditions, and that reducing conditions associated with Fe-rich minerals and carbonaceous material are important factors in the adsorption of U, and thus can retard its transport in water at elevated temperature. RP WOLLENBERG, HA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV EARTH SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP 171 EP 186 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(94)00103-N PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000011 ER PT J AU SHEVENELL, L GOFF, F AF SHEVENELL, L GOFF, F TI THE USE OF TRITIUM IN GROUNDWATER TO DETERMINE FLUID MEAN RESIDENCE TIMES OF VALLES CALDERA HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS, NEW-MEXICO, USA SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID GEOTHERMAL RESERVOIR; AGGREGATED OXISOL; JEMEZ MOUNTAINS; MASS-TRANSFER; SYSTEM; RECHARGE; DISPERSION; INDICATOR; WATERS; FIELD AB Naturally and artificially produced H-3 in precipitation is used to place limits on mean residence times of fluids associated with the Valles caldera geothermal reservoir. The H-3 concentrations in precipitation are used to calculate fluid mean residence times using two end-member cases: piston-flow and well-mixed reservoirs. These simplified models using H-3 yield relative fluid mean residence times in different portions of the system. In-situ 3H production in the reservoir through neutron interaction with Li-6 is considered, and only very low levels of H-3 (less than or equal to 0.01 T.U) are contributed to the waters by this process. Calculations using the end-member cases at Valles caldera indicate that mean residence times of geothermal waters in the reservoir are between 3000 and 10,000 years. The results also show that the two distinct subsystems of the main reservoir are associated with different fluid mean residence times. Waters in the Redondo Creek subsystem are older (similar to 4300 to > 10,000 years) than waters in the Sulphur Springs subsystem (similar to 2000-4400 years). Comparison of the results of the end-member cases with those obtained using more sophisticated methods indicates that the two end-member cases, with the use of H-3, can provide acceptable limits (order of magnitude) on a fluid's mean residence time and volumes within a reservoir. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP SHEVENELL, L (reprint author), UNIV NEVADA,NEVADA BUR MINES & GEOL,MS 178,RENO,NV 89557, USA. NR 56 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP 187 EP 205 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(94)00102-M PG 19 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000012 ER PT J AU GARDNER, JN HULEN, JB AF GARDNER, JN HULEN, JB TI SCIENTIFIC DRILLING AND CALDERA PROCESSES - INTRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 INST EARTH SCI & RESOURCES,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84108. RP GARDNER, JN (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 67 IS 1-3 BP R7 EP R7 DI 10.1016/0377-0273(95)93231-Q PG 1 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA RV910 UT WOS:A1995RV91000001 ER PT J AU BURTON, HD AF BURTON, HD TI DARK SUN - THE MAKING OF THE HYDROGEN-BOMB - RHODES,R SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review RP BURTON, HD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 120 IS 13 BP 112 EP 112 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA RN627 UT WOS:A1995RN62700266 ER PT J AU PATNAIK, SS PLIMPTON, SJ PACHTER, R ADAMS, WW AF PATNAIK, SS PLIMPTON, SJ PACHTER, R ADAMS, WW TI MODELING A NEMATIC LIQUID-CRYSTAL SO LIQUID CRYSTALS LA English DT Article ID SIMULATION; PHASES AB The bulk phase liquid crystalline behaviour of a cyclic siloxane with a pentamethylcyclosiloxane core and biphenyl-4-allyloxybenzoate mesogens (BCS) was studied using molecular dynamics (MD) and wide angle X-ray analysis. This material exhibits partial crystallinity at room temperature and liquid crystalline behaviour above 120 degrees C. For the MD simulations an ensemble of 27 molecules with 135 mesogenic units was simulated and a molecular mechanics force field was used to model the structural anisotropy of the siloxane molecules. Simulations were carried out both at room temperature and at an elevated temperature (425 K). Room temperature simulations showed that, contrary to our initial assumptions, the low energy molecular conformations were not cylindrical but splayed in shape. During the simulation a smectic-like, tilted layer structure was found to evolve for the cluster when full atom potentials were used, while no such development was observed when electrostatic interactions were neglected. The presence of a tilted layered structure was also suggested by the X-ray data. These results indicate that long range electrostatic interactions are significant for the molecular system under study. In order to calculate the orientational order parameter, the orientation of the molecular axis had to be determined. This was achieved by describing the mesogen shapes to be ellipsoidal and defining the principal axis of the ellipsoids to be the molecular directors. By sampling over 200 ps of simulation at 425 K, the time averaged order parameter (S) was calculated. The calculated S of 0 . 36 was comparable to the value of 0 . 4-0 . 45 found from the experimental data. Apart from providing insight into the relative importance of the various competing forces in the formation of the liquid crystalline phase, these simulations are also expected to be useful in predicting the mesophase behaviour of liquid crystalline systems. C1 UNIV VIRGINIA, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA USA. SANDIA NATL LABS, ALBUQUERQUE, NM 87185 USA. RP PATNAIK, SS (reprint author), USAF, WRIGHT LAB,MAT DIRECTORATE,MLPJ,BLDG 651, 3005 P ST, STE 1, WRIGHT PATTERSON AFB, OH 45433 USA. RI Adams, Wade/A-7305-2010 NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0267-8292 J9 LIQ CRYST JI Liq. Cryst. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 19 IS 2 BP 213 EP 220 DI 10.1080/02678299508031971 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science GA RQ492 UT WOS:A1995RQ49200009 ER PT J AU ERDEMIR, A AF ERDEMIR, A TI STLE-2000 OVERVIEW - RESPONSE SO LUBRICATION ENGINEERING LA English DT Letter RP ERDEMIR, A (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENERGY TECHNOL,TRIBOL SECT,ARGONNE,IL, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC TRIBOLOGISTS & LUBRICATION ENGINEERS PI PARK RIDGE PA 838 BUSSE HIGHWAY, PARK RIDGE, IL 60068 SN 0024-7154 J9 LUBR ENG JI Lubric. Eng. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 51 IS 8 BP 623 EP 623 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA RN330 UT WOS:A1995RN33000001 ER PT J AU ZHENG, WY WANG, RH LEVON, K RONG, ZY TAKA, T PAN, W AF ZHENG, WY WANG, RH LEVON, K RONG, ZY TAKA, T PAN, W TI SELF-ASSEMBLY OF THE ELECTROACTIVE COMPLEXES OF POLYANILINE AND SURFACTANT SO MACROMOLECULAR CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTING POLYANILINE; LAYERED STRUCTURE; POLYMERS; BEHAVIOR AB An electroactive material with remarkable solubility, processibility as well as mechanical properties has been developed by complexation (thermal doping) of polyaniline (PANi) emeraldine base with dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid (DBSA) in the solid state. Isothermal treatment of such a mixture was found to promote the complex formation. Optimum conditions of complexation were established with respect to the formation of layered structure, electrical conductivity and solubility. The optimal temperature for the doping process was found to be in a range of 100-120 degrees C while the best ratio of DBSA to PANi was between 3:1 and 4:1 by weight, a nearly stoichiometric equivalence of aniline repeat units and DBSA molecules. The time of isothermal treatment should be controlled within 30 min. Thermal doping induced orientation to polymer chains in a layered structure, whereby the hydrophobic tails of the surfactants function as spacers between parallel stacks of the main chains. This anisotropy was achieved by the self-assembly during the thermal doping rather than ordinary drawing or stretching of the polymers. A unique liquid crystalline mesophase with a smectic-like optical texture was observed for the soluble portions of some specimens. The excess DBSA in the samples is considered to function as a solvent and to give rise to the liquid crystalline fluidity of the phase. The scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) image 5000 x 5000 Angstrom on a submicrometer scale obtained from a PANi/DBSA thin film exhibits a surface morphology with a granular size of 200-300 Angstrom. The image of 150 x 150 Angstrom on a molecular scale obtained from multilayer PANi/DBSA deposited on a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface provides a direct observation of a self-assembled structure and close layer packing of the polymer backbone with dimensions in accord with the results found by X-ray diffraction. Our results indicate that the thermal doping process of polyaniline by DBSA offers new possibilities to obtain optimal structures through a self-assembly. C1 POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,DEPT CHEM,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. POLYTECH INST NEW YORK,HERMAN F MARK POLYMER RES INST,BROOKLYN,NY 11201. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. NESTE OY,CORP RES & DEV,SF-06810 KULJU,FINLAND. COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT CHEM,NEW YORK,NY 10027. RI Levon, Kalle/H-7990-2016 OI Levon, Kalle/0000-0001-6833-6254 NR 28 TC 86 Z9 89 U1 3 U2 16 PU HUTHIG & WEPF VERLAG PI BASEL PA AUF DEM WOLF 4 FX#001-41-61-317-94-11, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1022-1352 J9 MACROMOL CHEM PHYSIC JI Macromol. Chem. Phys. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 196 IS 8 BP 2443 EP 2462 DI 10.1002/macp.1995.021960803 PG 20 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA RP581 UT WOS:A1995RP58100003 ER PT J AU BERGES, JA COCHLAN, WP HARRISON, PJ AF BERGES, JA COCHLAN, WP HARRISON, PJ TI LABORATORY AND FIELD RESPONSES OF ALGAL NITRATE REDUCTASE TO DIEL PERIODICITY IN IRRADIANCE, NITRATE EXHAUSTION, AND THE PRESENCE OF AMMONIUM SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES LA English DT Article DE NITRATE REDUCTASE; ENZYME ACTIVITY; NITRATE INCORPORATION; MARINE PHYTOPLANKTON; THALASSIOSIRA PSEUDONANA; DIEL PERIODICITY; NUTRIENT EXHAUSTION; AMMONIUM INHIBITION ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC NITROGEN; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; SKELETONEMA-COSTATUM; UPWELLING REGION; CHESAPEAKE BAY; ASSIMILATION; METABOLISM; GROWTH; CARBON; BACILLARIOPHYCEAE AB Use of nitrate reductase (NR) activity as an index of rates of nitrate incorporation in marine phytoplankton has been complicated by inadequate assays, and the high degree of regulation of the enzyme under different non-steady-slate conditions. The relationship between NR activity and rates of nitrate incorporation was examined using a modified NR assay (which included bovine serum albumin) under diel periodicity in irradiance, following exhaustion of nitrate, and in the presence of ammonium. Laboratory experiments using the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana showed that on a 14:10 h light: dark cycle, NR activity had 2 distinct peaks within 1 cycle, one in the middle of the light period, and the other towards the end of the dark period. Each of these peaks has been noted in previous work, both in culture and in natural populations, but this is the first description of both in 1 cycle. Throughout the diel cycle, NR activity closely matched rates of nitrate incorporation calculated from increases in particulate nitrogen in the cultures. As nitrate was exhausted in the cultures, NR activity declined in step with nitrate incorporation rates (estimated from nitrate depletion, increases in particulate nitrogen, or the product of cell growth rate and cell nitrogen content). In cultures where nitrate was substituted by ammonium, no NR activity was detected, but when ammonium was exhausted, background contamination of the medium with nitrate (approximately 1 mu M) was sufficient to cause the appearance of NR activity and the uptake of nitrate. Daily additions of 2 mu M ammonium to cultures growing on nitrate had no effect on the relationship between NR activity and nitrate incorporation rate. The NR assay was used in a preliminary study of natural assemblages of phytoplankton in Monterey Bay, California, USA, during a post-upwelling diatom bloom. Diel periodicity in NR activity was observed that was virtually identical to that found in laboratory cultures. Ammonium inhibition on a time scale similar to that seen in culture was also recorded. These preliminary results are promising for the use of NR activity to estimate rates of nitrate incorporation in field population of phytoplankton. C1 UNIV BRITISH COLUMBIA, DEPT OCEANOG, VANCOUVER, BC V6T 1Z4, CANADA. UNIV SO CALIF, HANCOCK INST MARINE STUDIES, LOS ANGELES, CA 90089 USA. RP BERGES, JA (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DIV OCEANOG & ATMOSPHER SCI, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. RI Berges, John /D-9520-2012 OI Berges, John /0000-0002-3124-4783 NR 58 TC 49 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 9 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0171-8630 J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 124 IS 1-3 BP 259 EP 269 DI 10.3354/meps124259 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA RW867 UT WOS:A1995RW86700022 ER PT J AU SMITH, C WALTER, PL AF SMITH, C WALTER, PL TI REVISITING THE AGING-AIRCRAFT-NONDESTRUCTIVE-INSPECTION-VALIDATION-CENTER - A RESOURCE FOR THE FAA AND INDUSTRY SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP SMITH, C (reprint author), FAATC,CTR TECH,ACD-220,ATLANTIC CITY,NJ 08405, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 53 IS 8 BP 900 EP 902 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA RN242 UT WOS:A1995RN24200005 ER PT J AU LANGNER, GC LUCERO, JP LAUX, M AF LANGNER, GC LUCERO, JP LAUX, M TI EVALUATION OF A REUSABLE PHOSPHOR X-RAY-DETECTOR SO MATERIALS EVALUATION LA English DT Article DE IMAGE ANALYSIS; NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION; PHOSPHOR; RADIOGRAPHIC SENSITIVITY; X-RADIOGRAPHY ID LASER STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE AB The images from a reusable storage phosphor X-ray detector are compared to those of a film-lead-screen combination at X-ray energies of similar to 24 MeV, similar to 2.5 MeV, Co-60, similar to 300 kV, similar to 150 kV, and similar to 75 kV, which span industrial X-ray inspection energies. The signal of the latent image stored on the phosphor is proportional to the X-ray dose received and is extracted by stimulating the phosphor with a secondary source (HeNe laser). Blue light emitted by the phosphor is collected and detected by a photomultiplier tube, converted to a digital signal, and stored on 8 mm video tape or on a hard disk to be digitally enhanced. Background levels on the phosphor are virtually nonexistent, but the screens must be properly erased before each use to remove latent images from previous exposures. After the latent image has been extracted, the phosphor is erased and stabilized using lamps that emit light at 589 nm. It is then ready to record another image. Usually, the phosphor was exposed to 0.01 to 0.5 the dose received by the film. The reusable phosphor detects at the 3.3 percent level using a steel cylinder and steel image quality indicators, and at the 1.5 percent level using an inert, mock high-explosive cylinder with an aluminium quality indicator. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,FABRICAT & ASSEMBLY GRP WX3,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,BUTLER SERV GRP,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP LANGNER, GC (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,HYDRODYNAM GRP M4,MS P940,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC NON-DESTRUCTIVE TEST PI COLUMBUS PA 1711 ARLINGATE LANE PO BOX 28518, COLUMBUS, OH 43228-0518 SN 0025-5327 J9 MATER EVAL JI Mater. Eval. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 53 IS 8 BP 930 EP 935 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA RN242 UT WOS:A1995RN24200007 ER PT J AU MISHIMA, Y LEE, EH LIU, CT AF MISHIMA, Y LEE, EH LIU, CT TI MICROSTRUCTURE, PHASE CONSTITUTION AND TENSILE PROPERTIES OF CO-NI-TI-AL BASE MULTIPHASE INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS SO MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS JIM LA English DT Article DE COBALT-NICKEL-TITANIUM-ALUMINUM SYSTEM; INTERMETALLICS; MULTIPHASE ALLOY; DUCTILITY; ALLOY DESIGN; MICROSTRUCTURE; FRACTURE MODE ID ENVIRONMENTAL EMBRITTLEMENT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; MAJOR CAUSE; NI3AL; DUCTILITY; FRACTURE AB Three multi-phase alloys were selected in the Co-Ni-Ti-Al system with microstructures consisting of combinations of such intermetallic phases as the B2, L1(2) and L2(1) (Heusler), and the primary solid solution denoted as (Go, Ni). They were hot fabricated after drop casting and were heat treated to obtain the multi-phase structures. Optical metallography and electron microprobe analyses revealed that the alloys contained B2/L1(2), L1(2)/L2(1) and B2/L1(2)/(Co, Ni) phases after annealing at 1273 K. It was found that limited tensile ductility can be achieved in the B2/L1(2) and B2/L1(2)/(Co, Ni) alloys but not in the L1(2)/L2(1) alloy. Fracture analyses on the former two alloys showed that the causes for the brittle fracture include: (1) cleavage fracture in the B2 phase, (2) intergranular fracture of the polycrystalline L1(2) phase, (3) separation of B2/L1(2) interfaces, and (4) environmental effect. Based on such analyses, a new alloy was designed to minimize the above factors for ductility improvement. The alloy consisting of L1(2)/B2/(Co, Ni) three phases was found to exhibit over 20% room temperature ductility, with a yield strength of over 600 MPa. RP MISHIMA, Y (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Liu, Chain Tsuan/0000-0001-7888-9725 NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU JAPAN INST METALS PI SENDAI PA AOBA ARAMAKI, SENDAI 980, JAPAN SN 0916-1821 J9 MATER T JIM JI Mater. Trans. JIM PD AUG PY 1995 VL 36 IS 8 BP 1031 EP 1040 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RW937 UT WOS:A1995RW93700006 ER PT J AU BYRNE, RH ABDALLAH, CT AF BYRNE, RH ABDALLAH, CT TI DESIGN OF A MODEL-REFERENCE ADAPTIVE CONTROLLER FOR VEHICLE ROAD FOLLOWING SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE ADAPTIVE CONTROL; IVHS; VEHICLE CONTROL AB The design of a model reference adaptive controller (MRAC) for vehicle road following is discussed. There are many factors which make automatic lateral control of vehicles difficult. These include changing vehicle parameters, changing road conditions,:as well as disturbances caused by wind and other factors. Traditional controllers have difficulty guaranteeing performance and stability over a wide range of parameter changes. Model. reference adaptive controllers on the other hand, can guarantee both stability and performance over a wide range of slowly varying parameter changes as long as several conditions are met. Difficulties with model reference adaptive controllers (as well as other controllers) arise when saturation appears on the input or states. For vehicle applications, the steering angle is limited. Therefore, the adaptation gains for the MRAC designed in this paper were chosen so that the steering command remained reasonable, even during adaptation. We finally show that there is a tradeoff regarding input amplitude and input frequency during adaptation. C1 UNIV NEW MEXICO,DEPT EECE,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. RP BYRNE, RH (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 9616,MS 1125,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD AUG-OCT PY 1995 VL 22 IS 4-7 BP 343 EP 354 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(95)00143-P PG 12 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA RU241 UT WOS:A1995RU24100019 ER PT J AU HEERMANN, PD CASKEY, DL AF HEERMANN, PD CASKEY, DL TI INTELLIGENT VEHICLE-HIGHWAY SYSTEM - ADVANCED PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE APTS; ISTEA; IVHS; TRANSIT; TRANSPORTATION AB A major program of the Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 [1] is the Intelligent Vehicle-Highway System (IVHS). This program seeks technological methods to increase the capacity of the existing transportation infrastructure. Although private automobiles are the major focus of the IVHS program, it also seeks improvements in the public transportation system. This paper addresses the public transportation component, known as the Advanced Public Transportation System (APTS). A future vision of an Advanced Public Transportation System is presented, providing a unifying framework for the proposed enhancements to user services. A ''bus hub'' structure is presented that increases the quality and attractiveness of the system for users, operators, and traffic managers. Also, the importance of APTS to the goals of the IVHS program are discussed. C1 SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 9604,ADV TRANSPORTAT PROGRAMS,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185. RP HEERMANN, PD (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT 9616,ADV VEHICLE DEV,POB 5800,MS 1125,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD, ENGLAND OX5 1GB SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD AUG-OCT PY 1995 VL 22 IS 4-7 BP 445 EP 453 DI 10.1016/0895-7177(95)00150-Z PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA RU241 UT WOS:A1995RU24100026 ER PT J AU VITEK, JM VITEK, SA DAVID, SA AF VITEK, JM VITEK, SA DAVID, SA TI NUMERICAL MODELING OF DIFFUSION-CONTROLLED PHASE-TRANSFORMATIONS IN TERNARY-SYSTEMS AND APPLICATION TO THE FERRITE AUSTENITE TRANSFORMATION IN THE FE-CR-NI SYSTEM SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STAINLESS-STEEL; ALPHA-PHASE; DISSOLUTION; TYPE-308; COUPLES AB An implicit finite-difference analysis has been used to model the diffusion process in a two-phase ternary system. The system was of finite length, and the interface between the two phases, alpha and gamma, was allowed to move as the alpha phase grew or dissolved. Equilibrium at the interface was assumed. For simplicity, the diffusion coefficients were assumed to be independent of composition, and the cross-coefficient diffusion terms were assumed to be negligible. The details of the computational process are described. The accuracy of the approach and the major sources of error are examined in detail. The numerical results are in excellent agreement with analytical predictions under the limited conditions for which analytical solutions are available. The computational model was applied to the detailed study of ferrite growth/dissolution in the iron-chromium-nickel ternary system to examine ferrite stability in austenitic stainless steel welds. The starting compositions of the ferrite and austenite were typical of these phases in the as-welded condition, and the isothermal equilibration was followed at 700 degrees C to 1300 degrees C. It was found that the transformation to the equilibrium state could be divided into two major stages: the first corresponded to rapid diffusion in the ferrite phase, and the second was due to the more sluggish diffusion within the austenite. The path toward equilibrium was often indirect; sometimes the ferrite grew first before eventually shrinking to the final equilibrium size, whereas at other temperatures the ferrite initially dissolved before growing at a later stage. The results are compared to the limited available experimental data, and behavior that was found experimentally was accurately reproduced by the computations. The results provide hitherto unavailable data on the kinetics of the equilibration process at elevated temperatures near the solidus temperature and also provide insight into details of the transformation behavior. RP VITEK, JM (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2007 EP 2025 DI 10.1007/BF02670673 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RL362 UT WOS:A1995RL36200011 ER PT J AU MEI, Z KRENN, CR MORRIS, JW AF MEI, Z KRENN, CR MORRIS, JW TI INITIATION AND GROWTH OF SMALL FATIGUE CRACKS IN A NI-BASE SUPERALLOY SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STRESS-INTENSITY; HSLA STEEL; FE-SI; CLOSURE; BEHAVIOR; PROPAGATION; THRESHOLD; STRENGTH; ALLOYS; NOTCH AB This article reports research on the initiation and growth of small fatigue cracks in a nickel-base superalloy (produced commercially by INCO as INCOLOY* 908) at 298 and 77 K. The experimental samples were square-bar specimens with polished surfaces, loaded in four-point bending. The crack initiation sites, crack growth rates, and microstructural crack paths were determined, as was the large-crack growth behavior, both at constant load ratio (R) and at constant maximum stress intensity (K-max). Small surface cracks initiated predominantly at (Nb, Ti)(x)C-y inclusion particles, and, less frequently, at grain boundaries. Small cracks grew predominantly along {111} planes in individual grains and were perturbed or arrested at grain boundaries. For values of Delta K above the large-crack threshold, Delta K-th, the average rate of small-crack growth was reasonably close to that of large cracks tested under closure-free conditions. However, short-crack growth rates varied widely, reflecting the local heterogeneity of the microstructure. The threshold cyclic stress (Delta sigma(th)) and the threshold cyclic stress intensity (Delta K-th) for small surface cracks were measured as functions of the crack size, 2c. The results suggest that a combination of the fatigue endurance limit and the threshold stress intensity for closure-free growth of large cracks can be used to define a fatigue-safe load regime. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,CTR ADV MAT,BERKELEY,CA 94304. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2063 EP 2073 DI 10.1007/BF02670678 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RL362 UT WOS:A1995RL36200016 ER PT J AU RADHAKRISHNAN, B ZACHARIA, T AF RADHAKRISHNAN, B ZACHARIA, T TI MONTE-CARLO SIMULATION OF GRAIN-BOUNDARY PINNING IN THE WELD HEAT-AFFECTED ZONE SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER-SIMULATION; 2 DIMENSIONS; 3 DIMENSIONS; GROWTH; KINETICS; MODEL AB A methodology for obtaining a one-to-one correlation between Monte Carlo (MC) and real parameters of grain size and time is described. Using the methodology, and the MC grain growth algorithm, the grain structure in the weld heat-affected zone (HAZ) of a 0.5 Mo-Cr-V steel has been simulated. The simulations clearly show that the kinetics of grain growth can be retarded by the presence of steep temperature gradients in the weld HAZ. Additional pinning due to the formation of grain boundary liquid near the solidus temperature has also been simulated. It is shown that in order to accurately predict the observed grain size in the weld HAZ of the 0.5Cr-Mo-V steel, the retardation in growth kinetics due to temperature gradients as well as liquid pinning should be considered. RP RADHAKRISHNAN, B (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. OI Zacharia, Thomas/0000-0001-6463-5425 NR 28 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 420 COMMONWEALTH DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 26 IS 8 BP 2123 EP 2130 DI 10.1007/BF02670683 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RL362 UT WOS:A1995RL36200021 ER PT J AU REZ, P WEISS, JK MEDLIN, DL HOWITT, DG AF REZ, P WEISS, JK MEDLIN, DL HOWITT, DG TI DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF THE RADIOLYTIC TRANSFORMATION OF THIN-FILMS OF TITANIUM-DIOXIDE USING EELS SO MICROSCOPY MICROANALYSIS MICROSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-LOSS SPECTROSCOPY; METAL OXIDE SURFACES; ELECTRON; DESORPTION; SHELL AB The reduction of TiO2 (anatase) subjected to high flux electron irradiation (similar to 10(8) A/m(2)) to titanium monoxide is followed using the evolution of fine structure in the electron energy loss spectrum. Changes in extended fine structure are consistent with changes in interatomic distance and the shift in d band onset clearly shows the transition from insulator to metal. C1 ARIZONA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TEMPE,AZ 85287. EMISPEC,TEMPE,AZ 85287. SANDIA NATL LABS,DEPT PHYS PROPERTIES MAT,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. SCI UNIV CALIFORNIA DAVIS,DEPT CHEM & MAT ENGN,DAVIS,CA 95616. RP REZ, P (reprint author), ARIZONA STATE UNIV,CTR SOLID STATE SCI,TEMPE,AZ 85287, USA. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU EDITIONS PHYSIQUE PI LES ULIS CEDEX PA Z I DE COURTABOEUF AVE 7 AV DU HOGGAR, BP 112, 91944 LES ULIS CEDEX, FRANCE SN 1154-2799 J9 MICROSC MICROANAL M JI Microsc. Microanal. Microstruct. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 6 IS 4 BP 433 EP 440 DI 10.1051/mmm:1995133 PG 8 WC Microscopy; Spectroscopy SC Microscopy; Spectroscopy GA TD886 UT WOS:A1995TD88600009 ER PT J AU NATARAJAN, AT PRESTON, RJ DELLARCO, V EHRENBERG, L GENEROSO, W LEWIS, S TATES, AD AF NATARAJAN, AT PRESTON, RJ DELLARCO, V EHRENBERG, L GENEROSO, W LEWIS, S TATES, AD TI ETHYLENE-OXIDE - EVALUATION OF GENOTOXICITY DATA AND AN EXPLORATORY ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC RISK SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st EC/US Workshop on Risk Assessment - Human Genetic Risks from Exposure to Chemicals, Focusing on the Feasibility of a Parallelogram Approach CY OCT 11-14, 1993 CL DURHAM, NC DE ETHYLENE OXIDE; DOMINANT HERITABLE EFFECT; GENETIC RISK ASSESSMENT ID PROPYLENE-OXIDE; HERITABLE TRANSLOCATIONS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; RATS; MICE; MUTATIONS; ADDUCTS; CELLS; LOCUS; LYMPHOCYTES AB A risk estimate of the heritable effects of ethylene oxide exposure, using the parallelogram approach, as suggested by Frits Sobels, is described. The approach is based on available data on the ethylene oxide-induced responses for the same genetic endpoint in somatic cells of both laboratory animals and humans, and for germ cell mutations in the same laboratory animal. Human germ cell effects are estimated. The available data sets for this approach were evaluated. We consider this as complementary to the genetic risk assessment carried out by U.S. EPA scientists, in which the risk from heritable (reciprocal) translocations induced by ethylene oxide was estimated. In the present study we restricted our assessment to dominant mutations. The sensitivity factor relating mouse to man was based on ethylene oxide-induced HPRT mutant frequencies in lymphocytes in vivo. From this comparison, it could be concluded that occupational exposure for 1 year to 1 ppm ethylene oxide would lead to a risk of a dominantly inherited disease in the offspring of 4 x 10(-4) above the background level. The uncertainty interval of this figure is quite large (0.6-28)x 10(-4). The values are compatible with the existing estimates of the corresponding risk from exposure to low LET radiation when the genotoxic potency ratio of ethylene oxide and radiation is considered. This risk estimation approach has allowed us to identify additional data that are required for a more complete risk estimation of the heritable effects of ethylene oxide, or indeed any mutagenic chemical. C1 CHEM IND INST TOXICOL,DEPT MOLEC & CELLULAR TOXICOL,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. US EPA,OFF HLTH & ENVIRONM ASSESSMENT,HUMAN HLTH ASSESSMENT GRP,WASHINGTON,DC 20460. UNIV STOCKHOLM,DEPT RADIOBIOL,S-10691 STOCKHOLM,SWEDEN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RES TRIANGLE INST,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. RP NATARAJAN, AT (reprint author), LEIDEN STATE UNIV,DEPT RADIAT GENET & CHEM MUTAGENESIS,WASSENAARSEWEG 72,2300 RA LEIDEN,NETHERLANDS. NR 46 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 330 IS 1-2 BP 55 EP 70 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00036-I PG 16 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA RM858 UT WOS:A1995RM85800006 PM 7623871 ER PT J AU DEARFIELD, KL DOUGLAS, GR EHLING, UH MOORE, MM SEGA, GA BRUSICK, DJ AF DEARFIELD, KL DOUGLAS, GR EHLING, UH MOORE, MM SEGA, GA BRUSICK, DJ TI ACRYLAMIDE - A REVIEW OF ITS GENOTOXICITY AND AN ASSESSMENT OF HERITABLE GENETIC RISK SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st EC/US Workshop on Risk Assessment - Human Genetic Risks from Exposure to Chemicals, Focusing on the Feasibility of a Parallelogram Approach CY OCT 11-14, 1993 CL DURHAM, NC DE ACRYLAMIDE; GENETIC RISK ID EPOXIDE METABOLITE GLYCIDAMIDE; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCT FORMATION; UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; GERM-CELLS; MALE-MICE; BONE-MARROW; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; LOCUS MUTATIONS; ETHYLENE-OXIDE AB An updated review of the genotoxicity studies with acrylamide is provided. Then, using data from the studies generating quantitative information concerning heritability of genetic effects, an assessment of the heritable genetic risk presented by acrylamide is presented. The review offers a discussion of the reactions and possible mechanisms of genotoxic action by acrylamide and its epoxide metabolite glycidamide. Several genetic risk approaches are discussed, including the parallelogram, direct (actually a modified direct), and doubling dose approaches. Using data from the specific-locus and heritable translocation assays, the modified direct and doubling dose approaches are utilized to quantitate genetic risk. Exposures of male parents to acrylamide via inhalation, ingestion, and dermal routes are also quantitated. With these approaches and measurements and their underlying assumptions concerning extrapolation factors (including germ cell stage specificity, DNA repair variability, locus specificity), number of human loci associated with dominant disease alleles, and spontaneous mutation rates, an assessment of heritable genetic risk for humans is calculated for the three exposure scenarios. The calculated estimates for offspring from fathers exposed to acrylamide via drinking water are up to three offspring potentially affected with induced genetic disease per 10(8) offspring. Estimates for inhalation or dermal exposures suggest higher risks for induced genetic disease in offspring from fathers exposed in occupational settings. C1 HLTH CANADA,CTR ENVIRONM HLTH,OTTAWA,ON,CANADA. GSF MUNICH,GSF FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM UNWELT & GESUNDHEIT,INST SAUGETIERGENET,NEUHERBERG,GERMANY. US EPA,HLTH EFFECTS RES LAB,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27711. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV ANALYT CHEM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. HAZLETON WASHINGTON INC,VIENNA,VA. RP DEARFIELD, KL (reprint author), US EPA,OFF PESTICIDE PROGRAMS,7509C,401 M ST SW,WASHINGTON,DC 20460, USA. NR 86 TC 184 Z9 194 U1 3 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 330 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 99 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00037-J PG 29 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA RM858 UT WOS:A1995RM85800007 PM 7623872 ER PT J AU ANDERSON, D BISHOP, JB GARNER, RC OSTROSKYWEGMAN, P SELBY, PB AF ANDERSON, D BISHOP, JB GARNER, RC OSTROSKYWEGMAN, P SELBY, PB TI CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE - REVIEW OF ITS MUTAGENICITY FOR AN ASSESSMENT OF POTENTIAL GERM-CELL RISKS SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st EC/US Workshop on Risk Assessment - Human Genetic Risks from Exposure to Chemicals, Focusing on the Feasibility of a Parallelogram Approach CY OCT 11-14, 1993 CL DURHAM, NC DE CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; GERM CELL EFFECT; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE MUTAGENICITY ID SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGE; SYNAPTONEMAL COMPLEX DAMAGE; BONE-MARROW CELLS; GENE-TOX PROGRAM; REQUIRING METABOLIC ACTIVATION; UNSCHEDULED DNA-SYNTHESIS; DOMINANT LETHAL ASSAY; NON-HODGKINS LYMPHOMA; HAMSTER OVARY CELLS; MAMMALIAN SPOT-TEST AB Cyclophosphamide (CP) is used to treat a wide range of neoplastic diseases as well as some non-malignant ones such as rheumatoid arthritis. It is also used as an immunosuppressive agent prior to organ transplantation. CP is, however, a known carcinogen in humans and produces secondary tumors. There is little absorption either orally or intravenously and 10% of the drug is excreted unchanged. CP is activated by hepatic mixed function oxidases and metabolites are delivered to neoplastic cells via the bloodstream. Phosphoramide mustard is thought to be the major anti-neoplastic metabolite of CP while acrolein, which is highly toxic and is produced in equimolar amounts, is thought to be responsible for most of the toxic side effects. DNA adducts have been formed after CP treatment in a variety of in vitro systems as well as in rats and mice using H-3-labeled CP. P-32-postlabeling techniques have also been used in mice. However, monitoring of adducts in humans has not yet been carried out. CP has also been shown to induce unscheduled DNA synthesis in a human cell line. CP has produced mutations in base-pair substituting strains of Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of metabolic activation, but it has been shown to be negative in the E. coli chromotest. It has also been shown to be positive in Saccharomyces cerevisiae in D7 strain for many endpoints but negative in D62.M for aneuploidy/malsegregation. It has produced positive responses in Drosophila melanogaster for various endpoints and in Anopheles stephensi. In somatic cells, CP has been shown to produce gene mutations, chromosome aberrations, micronuclei and sister chromatid exchanges in a variety of cultured cells in the presence of metabolic activation as well as sister chromatid exchanges without metabolic activation. It has also produced chromosome damage and micronuclei in rats, mice and Chinese hamsters, and gene mutations in the mouse spot test and in the transgenic lacZ construct of Muta(TM) Mouse. Increases in chromosome damage and gene mutations have been found in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of nurses, pharmacists and female workers occupationally exposured to CP during its production or distribution. Chromosome aberrations, sister chromatid exchanges and gene mutations have been observed in somatic cells of patients treated therapeutically with CP. In general, there is a maximum dose and an optimum time for the detection of genetic effects because the toxicity associated with high doses of CP will affect cell division. In germ cells, CP has been shown to induce genetic damage in mice, rats and hamsters although the vast majority of such studies have used male mice. In males, the germ cell stages determined to be most sensitive to the induction of damage are the post-meiotic stages, which are sampled in the mouse by matings 1-3 weeks after treatment, and particularly the mid- to late-step spermatids sampled by matings 2-3 weeks after treatment. Tests by which CP has been shown to induce germ cell damage through assessment of effects in F-1 progeny include those for dominant lethality, heritable translocations, specific locus mutations and malformations. Positive responses have also been reported in tests analyzing for structural chromosome damage in both spermatogonial and meiotic metaphases following exposures of various meiotic and pre-meiotic germ cell stages. CP exposures of meiotic cells have been shown to produce structural aberrations of the synaptonemal complex and to increase the frequency of spermatid micronuclei. Further, CP has been shown to induce structural, as well as some numerical, chromosome damage through analyses of second meiotic metaphases and first cleavage metaphases as well as through karyotypic analysis of F, embryos. However, CP does not appear to be an effective aneugen. Other germ cell tests through which CP has been shown to produce genotoxic damage include those for sister chromatid exchanges and abnormal sperm head morphology. CP has also been shown to produce primary DNA damage during spermatogenesis as indicated by positive alkaline elution data from a study with rats, and by induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis in the testes of mice, rats and rabbits. Genetic risk estimates for the male have been made for 1 mg/kg of exposure to CP under acute conditions, on the expectation that the additional risk for an individual's offspring could be obtained by multiplying the risk estimates by the total mg/kg to which an individual is exposed. The types of mutational data available following maternal exposures do not justify attempting even an approximation of the estimate of genetic risk for female germ cells. Examples are provided of how the risk estimates could be applied to practical situations based upon male exposures. Three types of risk estimates for human health effects were derived for first generation progeny following paternal exposures. The indirect method of genetic risk estimation was used to estimate the risk from gene mutations and small deficiencies on the basis of data from the mouse morphological specific locus test. Data from the heritable translocation assay were applied to estimate risk from the induction of reciprocal translocations. In addition, an overall estimate of genetic risk was made using a modification of the direct method applied to data on F-1 fetal malformations and growth retardation. These latter data are especially important because they show definitively that some mutations induced by CP actually cause serious organismic damage in first generation progeny. However, their use in estimating genetic risk warrants a special caution. Besides the unavoidable complication of making an interspecies extrapolation of phenotypic damage that is inherent in the direct method, the overall estimate of genetic risk has a further uncertainty in that the estimate of induced genetic effects manifest before the age of 25 in humans is based upon induced anomalies in the rat that are observed in late fetal stages. The parallelogram approach was applied to our overall estimate of genetic risk to yield the estimate that, for every mg/kg of paternal exposure, there would be an increase of 600 individuals with serious induced genetic disorders by early adulthood per million liveborn offspring derived from sperm sampled within 5 weeks after treatment (i.e., for all post-meiotic stages). The available data provide no reason to expect any elevation in risk for conceptions more than 90 days after treatment if exposures are to CP alone; the risk between 5 weeks and 90 days after treatment would be relatively slight, and possibly zero. We emphasize that our risk estimates are far from precise. However, they are the best that can presently be given for hereditary damage from CP. The explanations provided for the steps needed to convert mutational information into risk estimates may lead to improvements in estimates of hereditary risk for CP and other chemicals. There is a very extensive data base for CP which extends from the molecular level (except for adducts in humans) through the microbial and insect systems to somatic mammalian cells in various cell lines and primary cells in vitro, somatic cells in vivo, and germ cells in rodents. CP has been used as a positive control substance in many assay systems. In this review, extrapolation has been made from rodents to humans with risk estimates attempted at both individual and population levels. C1 NIEHS,RES TRIANGLE PK,NC 27709. JACK BIRCH UNIT ENVIRONM CARCINOGENESIS,YORK YO1 5DU,N YORKSHIRE,ENGLAND. NATL AUTONOMOUS UNIV MEXICO,INST INVEST BIOMED,MEXICO CITY 04510,DF,MEXICO. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV BIOL,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ANDERSON, D (reprint author), BRITISH IND BIOL RES ASSOC,WOODMANSTERNE RD,CARSHALTON SM5 4DS,SURREY,ENGLAND. OI Anderson, Diana/0000-0001-9673-0398; ostrosky-wegman, patricia/0000-0002-8564-3472 NR 313 TC 173 Z9 181 U1 29 U2 101 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0027-5107 J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 330 IS 1-2 BP 115 EP 181 DI 10.1016/0027-5107(95)00039-L PG 67 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA RM858 UT WOS:A1995RM85800009 PM 7623863 ER PT J AU WEAVER, TM LEVITT, DG DONNELLY, MI STEVENS, PPW BANASZAK, LJ AF WEAVER, TM LEVITT, DG DONNELLY, MI STEVENS, PPW BANASZAK, LJ TI THE MULTISUBUNIT ACTIVE-SITE OF FUMARASE-C FROM ESCHERICHIA-COLI SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUPEROXIDE RESPONSE REGULON; RAT-LIVER MITOCHONDRIAL; CYTOSOLIC FUMARASES; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE; PURIFICATION; SOXR; EXPRESSION; SEQUENCES AB The crystal structure of the tetrameric enzyme, fumarase C from Escherichia coli, has been determined to a resolution of 2.0 Angstrom. A tungstate derivative used in the X-ray analysis is a competitive inhibitor and places the active site of fumarase in a region which includes atoms from three of the four subunits. The polypeptide conformation is similar to that of delta-crystallin and is comprised of three domains. The central domain, D2, is a unique five-helix bundle. The association of the D2 domains results in a tetramer which has a core of 20 alpha-helices. The other two domains, D1 and D3, cap the helical bundle on opposite ends giving both the single subunit and the tetramer a dumbbell-like appearance. Fumarase C has sequence homology to the eukaryotic fumarases, aspartase, arginosuccinate lyase, adenylosuccinate lyase and delta-crystallin. C1 UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT BIOCHEM,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. UNIV MINNESOTA,DEPT PHYSIOL,MINNEAPOLIS,MN 55455. ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV ENVIRONM RES,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR MECHANIST BIOL,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 44 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 0 U2 9 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 654 EP 662 DI 10.1038/nsb0895-654 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TD151 UT WOS:A1995TD15100011 PM 7552727 ER PT J AU ELKABBANI, O JUDGE, K GINELL, SL MYLES, DAA DELUCAS, LJ FLYNN, TG AF ELKABBANI, O JUDGE, K GINELL, SL MYLES, DAA DELUCAS, LJ FLYNN, TG TI STRUCTURE OF PORCINE ALDEHYDE REDUCTASE HOLOENZYME SO NATURE STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ALDOSE REDUCTASE; PIG-KIDNEY; DELTA-5-3-KETOSTEROID ISOMERASE; DIABETIC COMPLICATIONS; STEREOCHEMISTRY; MECHANISM; KINETICS; BINDING; SITE AB Aldehyde reductase, a member of the aldo-keto reductase superfamily, catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of a variety of aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols. The structure of porcine aldehyde reductase-NADPH binary complex has been determined by X-ray diffraction methods and refined to a crystallographic R-factor of 0.20 at 2.4 Angstrom resolution. The tertiary structure of aldehyde reductase is similar to that of aldose reductase and consists of an alpha/beta-barrel with the active site located at the carboxy terminus of the strands of the barrel, Unlike aldose reductase, the N epsilon 2 of the imidazole ring of His 113 in aldehyde reductase interacts, through a hydrogen bond, with the amide group of the nicotinamide ring of NADPH. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,NATL SYNCHROTRON LIGHT SOURCE DEPT,ARGONNE NATL LAB,CTR STRUCT BIOL,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV KEELE,DEPT PHYS,KEELE ST5 5BG,STAFFS,ENGLAND. QUEENS UNIV,DEPT BIOCHEM,KINGSTON,ON K7L 3N6,CANADA. RP ELKABBANI, O (reprint author), UNIV ALABAMA,CTR MACROMOLEC CRYSTALLOG,BIRMINGHAM,AL 35294, USA. RI myles, dean/D-5860-2016 OI myles, dean/0000-0002-7693-4964 NR 39 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 345 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1707 SN 1072-8368 J9 NAT STRUCT BIOL JI Nat. Struct. Biol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 687 EP 692 DI 10.1038/nsb0895-687 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA TD151 UT WOS:A1995TD15100015 PM 7552731 ER PT J AU VONRIESEMANN, WA PARKS, MB AF VONRIESEMANN, WA PARKS, MB TI CURRENT STATE OF KNOWLEDGE ON THE BEHAVIOR OF STEEL LINERS IN CONCRETE CONTAINMENTS SUBJECTED TO OVERPRESSURIZATION LOADS SO NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Containment of Nuclear Reactors Seminar, in Conjunction with the 12th International Conference on Structural Mechanics in Reactor Technology (SMiRT-12) CY AUG 23-24, 1993 CL KARLSRUHE, GERMANY AB In the US, concrete containment buildings for commercial nuclear power plants have steel liners that act as the internal pressure boundary. The liner abuts the concrete, acting as the interior concrete form. The liner is attached to the concrete by either studs or by a continuous structural shape (such as a T-section or channel) that is either continuously or intermittently welded to the liner. Studs are commonly used in reinforced concrete containments, while prestressed containments utilize a structural element as the anchorage. The practice in some countries follows the US practice, while in other countries the containment does not have a steel liner. In this latter case, there is a true double containment, and the annular region between the two containments is vented. This paper will review the practice of design of the liner system prior to the consideration of severe accident loads (overpressurization loads beyond the design conditions). An overpressurization test of a 1:6 scale reinforced concrete containment at Sandia National Laboratories resulted in a failure mechanism in the liner that was not fully anticipated. Post-test analyses and experiments have been conducted to understand the failure better. This work and the activities that followed the test are reviewed. Areas in which additional research should be conducted are given. RP VONRIESEMANN, WA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,POB 5800,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87185, USA. NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA LAUSANNE PI LAUSANNE 1 PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE 1, SWITZERLAND SN 0029-5493 J9 NUCL ENG DES JI Nucl. Eng. Des. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 157 IS 3 BP 481 EP 487 DI 10.1016/0029-5493(95)01003-Z PG 7 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RV613 UT WOS:A1995RV61300017 ER PT J AU ZWEBEN, SJ DARROW, DS HERRMAN, HW BATHA, SH BUDNY, RV CHANG, CS FREDRICKSON, ED JASSBY, DL JOHNSON, LC LEVINTON, FM MYNICK, HE OWENS, DK SCHIVELL, JF SCOTT, SD REDI, MH STRACHAN, JD TOBITA, K YOUNG, KM AF ZWEBEN, SJ DARROW, DS HERRMAN, HW BATHA, SH BUDNY, RV CHANG, CS FREDRICKSON, ED JASSBY, DL JOHNSON, LC LEVINTON, FM MYNICK, HE OWENS, DK SCHIVELL, JF SCOTT, SD REDI, MH STRACHAN, JD TOBITA, K YOUNG, KM TI ALPHA-PARTICLE LOSS IN THE TFTR DT EXPERIMENTS SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID FUSION PRODUCTS; TOKAMAK; IONS; DIFFUSION AB Alpha particle loss was measured during the TFTR DT experiments with a scintillator detector located at the vessel bottom in the ion del E drift direction. The DT alpha particle loss to this detector was consistent with the calculated first orbit loss over the whole range of plasma current I = 0.6-2.7 MA. In particular, the alpha particle loss rate per DT neutron at a given plasma current did not increase significantly with fusion power up to 10.7 MW, indicating the absence of any new 'collective' alpha particle loss processes in these experiments. C1 NYU,COURANT INST,NEW YORK,NY. JAERI,NAKA FUS RES ESTAB,NAKA,IBARAKI,JAPAN. RP ZWEBEN, SJ (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 36 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 4 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 1995 VL 35 IS 8 BP 893 EP 917 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/8/I01 PG 25 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RU960 UT WOS:A1995RU96000001 ER PT J AU PHILLIPS, JA BAKER, DA GRIBBLE, RF AF PHILLIPS, JA BAKER, DA GRIBBLE, RF TI A GLOBAL ANALYSIS OF THE BEHAVIOR OF THE ZT-40M REVERSED-FIELD PINCH SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC MAGNETIC-FIELD; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; LOOP VOLTAGE; FINITE-BETA; RFP PLASMA; DYNAMO; SIMULATION; RELAXATION; GENERATION; MAGNETOHYDRODYNAMICS AB Experimental data from the reversed field experiment, ZT-40M, have been re-examined in an attempt to determine the scaling behaviour of the physical plasma quantities and their fluctuations. A subset of the data is defined, allowing a reduced number of independent variables to describe the behaviour. For flat-top ZT-40M discharges the independent variables are chosen as being the toroidal current, I-phi, and the dimensionless pinch parameter, Theta, which is proportional to the ratio of the toroidal current to the toroidal magnetic flux. The amplitudes of the dependent variables, including the electron temperature, plasma resistance, toroidal flux, the ratio of I-phi to the mean electron density and their fluctuation amplitudes, exhibit minima as functions of Theta for constant I-phi. These minima move towards lower Theta values with increasing I-phi. Over the range of conditions for acceptable operation, the scaling of variables with I-phi is not unique but depends on the variation of Theta as I-phi increases. The Theta variation is governed by the specific conditions (such as constant poloidal beta, beta(p)) chosen to set the desired RFP operational constraints. Contour plots of the dependent variables versus the two independent variables, I-phi and Theta, allow the determination of the I-phi-Theta trajectory that corresponds to discharges that meet the chosen condition. The analysis shows that the amplitude of the low frequency fluctuations correlates with the mean pp and energy confinement time of ZT-40M. By modifying the external circuits on ZT-40M, low frequency fluctuations were reduced. Comparing the designs of different RFP experiments and their operating behaviour, these modifications suggest design changes for present and future RFP experiments that will benefit their performance. RP PHILLIPS, JA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 88 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 1995 VL 35 IS 8 BP 935 EP 958 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/8/I03 PG 24 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RU960 UT WOS:A1995RU96000003 ER PT J AU SCHAFFER, MJ WHYTE, DG BROOKS, NH CUTHBERTSON, JW KIM, J LIPPMANN, SI MAHDAVI, MA MAINGI, R WOOD, RD AF SCHAFFER, MJ WHYTE, DG BROOKS, NH CUTHBERTSON, JW KIM, J LIPPMANN, SI MAHDAVI, MA MAINGI, R WOOD, RD TI IMPURITY REDUCTION DURING PUFF AND PUMP EXPERIMENTS ON DIII-D SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Letter ID SCRAPE-OFF LAYER; DIVERTOR PLASMA; FLOW; MODEL AB Results are presented from an experiment in which a large amount of deuterium gas was continuously puffed at the scrape off layer and exhausted from the DIII-D pump divertor ('puff and pump' technique). The experiments were conducted with a single null divertor configuration during edge localized mode (ELM)ing H mode. Steady state density conditions were attained during the strong deuterium puff. The deuterium puff reduced the central plasma density of argon, puffed continuously as a trace impurity, by as much as a factor of 20, and the central argon radiated power density by as much as a factor of 10. C1 CTR CANADIEN FUS MAGNET,VARENNES,PQ,CANADA. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92103. CALLE CRISTOBAL,SAN DIEGO,CA. OAK RIDGE ASSOCIATED UNIV,OAK RIDGE,TN. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA. RP SCHAFFER, MJ (reprint author), GEN ATOM CO,SAN DIEGO,CA 92138, USA. NR 14 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 1 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 1995 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1000 EP 1007 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/8/I09 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RU960 UT WOS:A1995RU96000009 ER PT J AU CAUSEY, RA MORITA, K AF CAUSEY, RA MORITA, K TI 2ND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TRITIUM EFFECTS IN PLASMA-FACING COMPONENTS - REPORT ON THE WORKSHOP HELD BEFORE THE 11TH PSI-CONFERENCE, NAGOYA, JAPAN, 19-20 MAY 1994 SO NUCLEAR FUSION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NAGOYA UNIV,SCH ENGN,DEPT CRYSTALLINE MAT SCI,NAGOYA,AICHI,JAPAN. RP CAUSEY, RA (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,ADV MAT RES DEPT,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY PI VIENNA PA WAGRAMERSTRASSE 5 PO BOX 100, A-1400 VIENNA, AUSTRIA SN 0029-5515 J9 NUCL FUSION JI Nucl. Fusion PD AUG PY 1995 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1015 EP 1016 DI 10.1088/0029-5515/35/8/412 PG 2 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RU960 UT WOS:A1995RU96000012 ER PT J AU SUGAI, I OYAIZU, M KAWAKAMI, H OHMORI, C HATTORI, T KAWASAKI, K BORDEN, MJ MACEK, RJ AF SUGAI, I OYAIZU, M KAWAKAMI, H OHMORI, C HATTORI, T KAWASAKI, K BORDEN, MJ MACEK, RJ TI DEVELOPMENT OF THICK, LONG-LIVED CARBON STRIPPER FOILS FOR PSR OF LANL SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 17-21, 1994 CL INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON, BLOOMINGTON, IN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc HO INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON AB Thick carbon stripper foils (multi-layer thickness approximate to 200 mu g/cm(2)) have been developed for use with 800 MeV, H+ ion beam in the Proton Storage Ring (PSR) at Los Alamos National Laboratory. Foils were prepared by means of the modified controlled ACDC are discharge method (mCADAD). The lifetime measurements of the foils made by different methods were performed using an 800 MeV proton beam of up to 85 mu A in the PSR, and a 3.2 MeV Ne+ ion beam of 3 mu A at Tokyo Institute of Technology. The foils made by the mCADAD method showed very long lifetimes, as compared to other foils tested, for both 800 MeV p and 3.2 MeV Ne+ beam bombardments. C1 TOKYO INST TECHNOL,MEGURO KU,TOKYO 152,JAPAN. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP SUGAI, I (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO,INST NUCL STUDY,MIDORI CHO,TANASHI,TOKYO 188,JAPAN. NR 9 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 1 BP 70 EP 76 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00414-9 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RL990 UT WOS:A1995RL99000012 ER PT J AU GREENE, JP THOMAS, GE LEONARD, RH AF GREENE, JP THOMAS, GE LEONARD, RH TI TARGETS FOR THE APEX EXPERIMENT AT ATLAS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 17-21, 1994 CL INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON, BLOOMINGTON, IN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc HO INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON ID COLLISIONS AB Targets of lead, tantalum, thorium and uranium have been produced for experiments with the APEX (Argonne Positron Experiment) apparatus at ATLAS (Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System). APEX is a device built at Argonne National Laboratory to investigate the anomalous positrons observed in collisions of very heavy ion beams on heavy targets. Both fixed and rotating targets have been used. The rotating target system involves a 4-quadrant wheel rotating at speeds up to 750 rpm with the position encoded into the data stream. In addition to the hundreds of targets produced for the heavy-ion reactions studied, a wide variety of targets were employed for beam diagnostics, detector calibration and target wheel development. The experiment used very heavy ion beams (U-238, Pb-206 and Pb-208) from ATLAS and targets of Pb-206, Pb-208, Th-232 and U-238 produced in our laboratory. C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. RP GREENE, JP (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 1 BP 81 EP 89 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00235-9 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RL990 UT WOS:A1995RL99000014 ER PT J AU ELLIOTT, NE MITCHELL, MA AF ELLIOTT, NE MITCHELL, MA TI CHARACTERIZATION OF DENSITY AND METAL CONTENT IN LOW-DENSITY FOAM TARGETS FOR INERTIAL CONFINEMENT FUSION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 17-21, 1994 CL INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON, BLOOMINGTON, IN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc HO INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON AB Targets for Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) experiments to measure isoelectronic temperatures achieved in open configurations have been manufactured from low density polymethylpentene. The temperature measurements are made by ratioing the intensity of two nearby X-ray lines, in this case from titanium and chromium. This required these metals to be added to the foams during manufacture. Individual targets consisted of machined cylinders of foam 2 mm in diameter by 2 mm long. Because of small scale variability in the foam, it was necessary to individually characterize each target for metal content and density to determine the total mass of plastic and metal present to allow a correct calculation of the temperature to be made. The requested density of the foam was less than 5 mg/cm(3) and the metal loading was to be 0.5 wt.% each of titanium and chromium. This means the mass of plastic was roughly 10 mu g and the metal mass was roughly 50 ng. This low level of material to be detected required the application and modification of X-ray fluorescence and beta particle transmission methods to characterize the foams. RP ELLIOTT, NE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 4 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 1 BP 112 EP 113 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00236-7 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RL990 UT WOS:A1995RL99000020 ER PT J AU GOBBY, PL BUSH, H GURULE, VA GOMEZ, VM MOORE, JE HENNEKE, BF AF GOBBY, PL BUSH, H GURULE, VA GOMEZ, VM MOORE, JE HENNEKE, BF TI TARGETS FOR LASER-DRIVEN OPACITY MEASUREMENTS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 17-21, 1994 CL INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON, BLOOMINGTON, IN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc HO INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON AB Special laser targets have been designed and fabricated which allow the opacity of materials to be experimentally determined at elevated temperatures (kT less than or equal to 200 eV). A general description of the technique is presented, as well as the fabrication steps necessary to produce the targets. A uniform high temperature environment is provided by the use of small millimeter-sized hohlraums driven by the Nova laser at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. The material sample is placed within the hohlraum and is further illuminated by the X-rays produced by one or two of the Nova beams incident on a second material known as a back lighter. Thus far, silver and niobium opacity samples have been used, and each has required a different fabrication technique. RP GOBBY, PL (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 1 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00304-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RL990 UT WOS:A1995RL99000028 ER PT J AU AARON, WS TRACY, JG AF AARON, WS TRACY, JG TI STATUS OF STABLE-ISOTOPE ENRICHMENT AND SERVICES AT THE OAK-RIDGE-NATIONAL-LABORATORY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 17-21, 1994 CL INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON, BLOOMINGTON, IN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc HO INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON RP AARON, WS (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 1 BP 194 EP 197 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RL990 UT WOS:A1995RL99000034 ER PT J AU THOMAS, GE GREENE, JP AF THOMAS, GE GREENE, JP TI DESCRIPTION OF THE ARGONNE-NATIONAL-LABORATORY TARGET MAKING FACILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION A-ACCELERATORS SPECTROMETERS DETECTORS AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th World Conference of the International-Nuclear-Target-Development-Society CY OCT 17-21, 1994 CL INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON, BLOOMINGTON, IN SP Int Nucl Target Dev Soc HO INDIANA UNIV BLOOMINGTON AB A description is given of some recent developments at the target facility at Argonne National Laboratory. Highlights include equipment upgrades which enable us to provide enhanced capabilities for support of the Argonne Heavy-Ion Program. Work currently in progress is described and future prospects are discussed. RP THOMAS, GE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 11 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-9002 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH A JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. A-Accel. Spectrom. Dect. Assoc. Equip. PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 362 IS 1 BP 201 EP 204 DI 10.1016/0168-9002(95)00233-2 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Nuclear; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RL990 UT WOS:A1995RL99000036 ER PT J AU SOWA, EC GONIS, A AF SOWA, EC GONIS, A TI A MULTISITE INTERACTION EXPANSION OF THE TOTAL-ENERGY IN METALS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH AB The local-density approximation provides a proper setting for the decomposition of the total energy into many-body (many-atom) contributions, Multiple scattering theory in turn provides a convenient framework for carrying out this process. We illustrate this concept with calculations on arrangements of atoms in bulk copper. RP SOWA, EC (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, DEPT CHEM & MAT SCI, L-268, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 1 EP 2 PG 2 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700002 ER PT J AU ZHU, J YANG, LH MAILHIOT, C DELARUBIA, TD GILMER, GH AF ZHU, J YANG, LH MAILHIOT, C DELARUBIA, TD GILMER, GH TI AB-INITIO PSEUDOPOTENTIAL CALCULATIONS OF POINT-DEFECTS AND BORON IMPURITY IN SILICON SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID MIGRATION; DIFFUSION; MECHANISMS AB Ab-initio pseudopotential calculations were performed to obtain the formation energies of point defects in crystalline Si. A supercell of 64 Si atoms was used for the calculations. For the self-interstitial defect, a weak bond is formed between two defect Si atoms. However, no evidence of extra bond formation is found in the vacancy study. The formation energies of both defects are comparable, i.e. 3.7 eV for the vacancy and 3.25 eV for the self-interstitials, respectively. Our self-interstitial formation energy agrees well with other theoretical results, while the vacancy formation energy is much smaller. We also present the results of boron substitutional impurities in Si where the charge density plot indicates an ionic character of the B-Si bonding. C1 AT&T BELL LABS, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X EI 1872-9584 J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 29 EP 32 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00784-5 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700008 ER PT J AU LEMELL, C WINTER, HP AUMAYR, F BURGDORFER, J REINHOLD, C AF LEMELL, C WINTER, HP AUMAYR, F BURGDORFER, J REINHOLD, C TI ESCAPE PROBABILITIES FOR ELECTRONS EMITTED DURING THE INTERACTION OF SLOW HIGHLY-CHARGED IONS WITH METAL-SURFACES SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID CLEAN GOLD SURFACE; MULTICHARGED IONS; NEUTRALIZATION; EMISSION; SCATTERING; MODEL; ATOMS AB During the interaction of slow (upsilon much less than 1 a.u.) highly charged ions with metal surfaces a large number of electrons is emitted, only a fraction of which escapes into vacuum and is accessible to measurements. In order to correlate experimentally determined yields with recently developed models which provide the total number of electrons released by the projectile-solid interaction, we have calculated escape fractions for electrons released near the surface. Results are presented for electrons emitted in autoionization processes above the metal surface as well as emitted via ''peeling off'' upon surface impact. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP LEMELL, C (reprint author), VIENNA TECH UNIV,INST ALLGEMEINE PHYS,WIEDNER HAUPTSTR 8-10,A-1040 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. RI Lemell, Christoph/B-5147-2009; Aumayr, Friedrich/A-3920-2009; OI Lemell, Christoph/0000-0003-2560-4495; Aumayr, Friedrich/0000-0002-9788-0934; Reinhold, Carlos/0000-0003-0100-4962 NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 33 EP 36 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00790-X PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700009 ER PT J AU HEINISCH, HL AF HEINISCH, HL TI SIMULATING THE PRODUCTION OF FREE DEFECTS IN IRRADIATED METALS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; COMPUTER-SIMULATION AB Under cascade-producing irradiation by high energy neutrons or charged particles, only a small fraction of the initially displaced atoms contribute to the population of free defects that are available to migrate throughout the metal and cause microstructural changes. Although, in principle, computer simulations of free defect production could best be done using molecular dynamics, in practice, the wide ranges of time and distance scales involved can be done only by a combination of atomistic models that employ various levels of approximation. An atomic-scale, multi-model approach has been developed that combines molecular dynamics, binary collision models and stochastic annealing simulation. The annealing simulation is utilized in calibrating binary collision simulations to the results of molecular dynamics calculations, as well as to model the subsequent migration of the defects on more macroscopic time and size scales. The annealing simulation and the method of calibrating the multi-model approach are discussed, and the results of simulations of cascades in copper are presented. The temperature dependence of free defect production following simulated annealing of isolated cascades in copper shows a differential in the fractions of free vacancies and interstitial defects escaping from the cascade above stage V. This differential, a consequence of the direct formation of interstitial clusters in cascades and the relative thermal stability of vacancy and interstitial clusters during subsequent annealing, is the basis for the production bias mechanism of void swelling. RP HEINISCH, HL (reprint author), PACIFIC NW LAB, POB 999, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. NR 8 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 47 EP 50 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00772-1 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700011 ER PT J AU GHALY, M AVERBACK, RS DELARUBIA, TD AF GHALY, M AVERBACK, RS DELARUBIA, TD TI SURFACE EFFECTS ON DAMAGE PRODUCTION DURING ION-BOMBARDMENT - A MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS STUDY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID ENERGETIC DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; COLLISION CASCADES; METALS; SPIKES AB Molecular dynamics investigations of self-ion bombardment of Au, Cu, Ge, and Pt were performed with ion energies in the range of 5-20 keV. These simulations revealed that the mechanisms of damage production near surfaces can be far different than those in the bulk. Local melting was observed to be a fundamental element in all of the simulations, In the metals, where the volume of melting is positive, pressure was created within the molten cascade core, and this led to the flow of atoms onto the surface. Upon solidification, relatively few atoms were able to return to lattice sites below the surface, leading to the formation of islands on the surface and dislocation loops of vacancy character, below. Similar effects of melting were obtained for Ge, but since the volume of melting is negative, a somewhat different damage mechanism arises. The simulations also provide new insight about the nature of nonlinear sputtering in metals with high atomic numbers. C1 UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP GHALY, M (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT NUCL ENGN,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 20 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 51 EP 57 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00284-7 PG 7 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700012 ER PT J AU MORISHITA, K HEINISCH, HL ISHINO, S SEKIMURA, N AF MORISHITA, K HEINISCH, HL ISHINO, S SEKIMURA, N TI THE CORRELATION OF DEFECT DISTRIBUTION IN COLLISIONAL PHASE WITH MEASURED CASCADE COLLAPSE PROBABILITY SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID DISPLACEMENT CASCADES; RECOIL ENERGY; DAMAGE; METALS AB The spatial distributions of atomic displacement at the end of the collisional phase of cascade damage processes were calculated using the computer simulation code MARLOWE, which is based on the binary collision approximation (BCA). The densities of the atomic displacement were evaluated in high dense regions (HDRs) of cascades in several pure metals (Fe, Ni, Cu, Ag, Au, Mo and W). They were compared with the measured cascade collapse probabilities reported in the literature where TEM observations were carried out using thin metal foils irradiated by low-dose ions at room temperature. We found that there exists the minimum or ''critical'' values of the atomic displacement densities for the HDR to collapse into TEM-visible vacancy clusters. The critical densities are generally independent of the cascade energy in the same metal. Furthermore, the material dependence of the critical densities can be explained by the difference in the vacancy mobility at the melting temperature of target materials. This critical density calibration, which is extracted from the ion-irradiation experiments and the BCA simulations, is applied to estimation of cascade collapse probabilities in the metals irradiated by fusion neutrons. C1 PACIFIC NW LAB, DEPT MAT SCI, RICHLAND, WA 99352 USA. TOKAI UNIV, DEPT NUCL ENGN, HIRATSUKA, KANAGAWA 25912, JAPAN. RP MORISHITA, K (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO, DEPT QUANTUM ENGN & SYST SCI, BUNKYO KU, TOKYO 113, JAPAN. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 67 EP 71 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00779-9 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700014 ER PT J AU SPACZER, M CARO, A VICTORIA, M DELARUBIA, TD AF SPACZER, M CARO, A VICTORIA, M DELARUBIA, TD TI COMPUTER-SIMULATIONS OF DISORDERING AND AMORPHIZATION KINETICS IN INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID PHASE FORMATION; ALLOYS AB Molecular dynamics computer simulations on three intermetallic compounds, Cu,Au, Ni,AI and NiAl, have been performed to investigate the kinetics of the disordering and amorphization processes. These systems were chosen because reliable embedded atom potentials were developed for the constituent species and their alloys, and also because extended experimental results are available for them. Previous simulations of collision cascades with 5 keV Cu and Ni primary knock-out atom (PKA) showed a significant difference between the evolution of the short range order (SRO) and the crystalline order (GO) parameters in all of the intermetallics: a complete loss of the crystalline structure and only partial chemical disorder in the core of the cascade [T. Diaz de la Rubia et al., Phys. Rev. B 47 (1993) 11483; M. Spaczer et al., Phys. Rev. B 50 (1994) 13204]. The present paper deals with the simulation of the amorphization process in NiAl by 5 and 15 keV Ni PKAs. The kinetic energy of the atoms in the simulated systems was removed on different time scales to mimic strong or weak coupling between electrons and phonons. No evidence of amorphization was found at the end of the cascades created by the 5 keV recoils. However, the 15 keV PKA events showed that (i) in the no-coupling case the system evolved to a highly disordered state, (ii) an amorphous region with about 100 non-lattice atoms was found in the case of weak coupling, (iii) the locally melted and recrystallized region collapsed to a small dislocation loop when medium coupling was used and (iv) a highly ordered state resulted in the case of strong coupling. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. CTR ATOM BARILOCHE,RA-8400 BARILOCHE,RIO NEGRO,ARGENTINA. RP SPACZER, M (reprint author), PAUL SCHERRER INST,EPFL,CRPP,DIV FUS TECHNOL,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 81 EP 85 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700017 ER PT J AU LEE, MB FARNUM, EH AF LEE, MB FARNUM, EH TI THE EFFECT OF NEUTRON ENERGY ON DEFECT PRODUCTION IN ALUMINA SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH AB In a deuterium-tritium fusion reactor, neutrons are produced at an energy of about 14 MeV. When these neutrons and other lower energy neutrons from (n, nn) reactions travel through insulating materials in the reactor, displacement damage will occur. Using the Monte Carlo code, TRIM (Transport of Ions in Matter), calculations using aluminum (Al) and oxygen (O) ions at energies that simulate expected recoil energy levels in alumina (Al2O3) were performed. This study focuses on recoil energies ranging from 100 eV to 10 MeV. In addition, recoil energy spectra for Al and O were calculated for 1 MeV and 14 MeV neutrons using the computer code, SPECTER. Combining the TRIM and SPECTER calculations, it was possible to determine the number of aluminum and oxygen vacancies created in alumina resulting from a specific neutron energy. RP LEE, MB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 113 EP 118 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00770-5 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700022 ER PT J AU ANDERS, A ANDERS, S BROWN, IG YU, KM AF ANDERS, A ANDERS, S BROWN, IG YU, KM TI INCREASING THE RETAINED DOSE BY PLASMA IMMERSION ION-IMPLANTATION AND DEPOSITION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH AB The retained dose of ions can be increased by Plasma Immersion Ion Implantation and Deposition (PIIID). A substrate is immersed in a metal or carbon plasma and a negative repetitively pulsed bias voltage is applied. During the pulses, an electric sheath is formed around the substrate and ions are accelerated through the sheath and implanted into the substrate. Direct and recoil ion implantation and sputtering take place during the pulses whereas low-energy deposition occurs between the pulses. The condensable plasma can be produced using a cathodic are plasma source combined with a magnetic macroparticle filter. PIIID can be applied to perform fast high-dose implantations or to deposit thin films with broad intermixing at the film-substrate interface. The bias voltage duty cycle can be tuned to sputter away the film deposited during pulse off-time (similar to the method of sacrificial layer). We have simulated the PIIID process using the Monte Carlo code T-DYN 4.0. This code allows a calculation of the dose-dependent depth profile for a process with deposition and implantation phases, taking sputtering into account. Predicted retained doses and experimentally obtained retained doses measured by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry are compared. RP ANDERS, A (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Yu, Kin Man/J-1399-2012; Anders, Andre/B-8580-2009; Raoux, Simone/G-3920-2016 OI Yu, Kin Man/0000-0003-1350-9642; Anders, Andre/0000-0002-5313-6505; NR 7 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 132 EP 135 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00797-7 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700025 ER PT J AU JARAIZ, M GILMER, GH STOCK, DM DELARUBIA, TD AF JARAIZ, M GILMER, GH STOCK, DM DELARUBIA, TD TI DEFECTS FROM IMPLANTATION IN SILICON BY LINKED MARLOWE-MOLECULAR DYNAMICS CALCULATIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID BINARY-COLLISION APPROXIMATION; DAMAGE; SI AB We are developing a full set of complementary software tools for silicon process simulation, including ion-implantation damage and diffusion. As a first step in this direction we have developed and tested an interface between Marlowe and MD which makes it possible to generate a high energy cascade, using Marlowe to a certain minimum cutoff energy (E(c)), and then feed a portion of that cascade into the MD simulator to carry on the simulation within the MD frame. In order to assess the results obtained using Marlowe linked to MD we have simulated 1 keV cascades using Marlowe with a cutoff energy E(c) = 200 eV, followed by a 100 fs MD simulation, and compared the final configuration with that obtained using MD only. Binary collisions tend to over-estimate range and cascade volume. Since the difference arises in the low energy part of the trajectories the performance of the Marlowe-MD linked simulation greatly improves for higher E(c) values. C1 UNIV VALLADOLID,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT E,E-47011 VALLADOLID,SPAIN. AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RI Jaraiz, Martin/H-6061-2015 OI Jaraiz, Martin/0000-0001-6688-3158 NR 4 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 180 EP 182 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(94)00793-4 PG 3 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700034 ER PT J AU STOCK, DM GILMER, GH JARAIZ, M DELARUBIA, TD AF STOCK, DM GILMER, GH JARAIZ, M DELARUBIA, TD TI POINT-DEFECT ACCUMULATION IN SILICON IRRADIATED BY ENERGETIC PARTICLES - A MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID ION-IMPLANTATION; AMORPHIZATION; SI; CRYSTALLINE AB The process of point defect accumulation in crystalline silicon under energetic electron- and ion-beam irradiation is studied using a classical molecular dynamics simulation. We simulate collision cascades starting from randomly chosen primary knock-on atoms with energies between 50 eV and 500 eV at various target temperatures. We investigate the dependence of defect accumulation on the total deposited energy. In agreement with experiments the simulated electron-irradiation at low temperature fails to amorphize, whereas the ion-irradiation results in the formation of amorphous material. From that we conclude that the threshold recoil energy required for amorphization at low temperature is between 50 eV and 200 eV. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. UNIV JENA,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,D-07743 JENA,GERMANY. UNIV VALLADOLID,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT E,E-47011 VALLADOLID,SPAIN. UNIV VALLADOLID,FAC CIENCIAS,DEPT ELECTR,E-47011 VALLADOLID,SPAIN. RP STOCK, DM (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS,600 MT AVE,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974, USA. RI Jaraiz, Martin/H-6061-2015 OI Jaraiz, Martin/0000-0001-6688-3158 NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 207 EP 210 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)80142-9 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700038 ER PT J AU GILMER, GH DELARUBIA, TD STOCK, DM JARAIZ, M AF GILMER, GH DELARUBIA, TD STOCK, DM JARAIZ, M TI DIFFUSION AND INTERACTIONS OF POINT-DEFECTS IN SILICON - MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd International Conference on Computer Simulation of Radiation Effects in Solids CY JUL 24-29, 1994 CL SANTA BARBARA, CA SP Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, US DOE, Off Fus Energy, SEMATECH ID SI AB We have simulated the motion and clustering of vacancies and interstitials in silicon using molecular dynamics methods. The diffusion coefficients of isolated defects were calculated from atomic displacements in simulations performed over a wide range of temperatures. The results give an apparent migration energy barrier of E(V)((M)) = 0.43 eV for vacancies and E(I)((M)) = 0.9 eV for interstitials. The diffusion coefficients are between 10(-6) and 10(-5) cm(2)/s at 800 degrees C, and are in approximate agreement with recent first-principles calculations, although they are many orders of magnitude larger than the most direct experimental measurements. Simulations with high concentrations of defects show that, like defects aggregate into stable clusters, and that individual defects are bound to these clusters with energies in the range of 0.6-2.3 eV. Defect clusters have mobilities which can differ substantially from those of the individual defects. The di-interstitial has a dramatically smaller diffusion barrier, E(2I)((M)) approximate to 0.2 eV, whereas the tri-interstitial has a mobility which is so small that it is difficult to measure accurately by molecular dynamics simulations. We discuss some of the implications of these simulations for diffusion under silicon device-processing conditions. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, LIVERMORE, CA 94550 USA. RP GILMER, GH (reprint author), AT&T BELL LABS, 600 MT AVE, MURRAY HILL, NJ 07974 USA. RI Jaraiz, Martin/H-6061-2015 OI Jaraiz, Martin/0000-0001-6688-3158 NR 21 TC 115 Z9 115 U1 1 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP 247 EP 255 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00492-0 PG 9 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700046 ER PT J AU DELARUBIA, TD GILMER, GH CATURLA, MJ AF DELARUBIA, TD GILMER, GH CATURLA, MJ TI COMPUTER-SIMULATION OF RADIATION EFFECTS IN SOLIDS - PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2ND INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER-SIMULATION OF RADIATION EFFECTS IN SOLIDS SANTA-BARBARA, CALIFORNIA, USA, JULY 24-29, 1994 - PREFACE SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 AT&T BELL LABS,HOLMDEL,NJ 07733. RP DELARUBIA, TD (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. RI Caturla, Maria /D-6241-2012 OI Caturla, Maria /0000-0002-4809-6553 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 102 IS 1-4 BP R7 EP R7 PG 1 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RR777 UT WOS:A1995RR77700001 ER PT J AU CULLEN, DE AF CULLEN, DE TI A SIMPLE-MODEL OF PHOTON TRANSPORT SO NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS LA English DT Article AB In this paper I describe a simple model of photon transport. This simple model includes: tabulated cross sections and average expected energy losses for all elements between hydrogen (Z = 1) and fermium (Z = 100) over the energy range 10 eV to 1 GeV, simple models to analytically describe coherent and incoherent scattering, and a simple model to describe fluorescence. This is all of the data that is required to perform photon transport calculations. RP CULLEN, DE (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,L-294,POB 808,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 11 TC 19 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-583X J9 NUCL INSTRUM METH B JI Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res. Sect. B-Beam Interact. Mater. Atoms PD AUG PY 1995 VL 101 IS 4 BP 499 EP 510 DI 10.1016/0168-583X(95)00480-7 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical; Physics, Nuclear SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Nuclear Science & Technology; Physics GA RQ040 UT WOS:A1995RQ04000021 ER PT J AU URBATSCH, TJ FORSTER, RA PRAEL, RE BECKMAN, RJ AF URBATSCH, TJ FORSTER, RA PRAEL, RE BECKMAN, RJ TI ESTIMATION AND INTERPRETATION OF K(EFF) CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS IN MCNP SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The Monte Carlo code MCNP has three different, but correlated, estimators for calculating k(eff) in nuclear criticality calculations: collision, absorption, and track length estimators. The combination of these three estimators, the three-combined k(eff) estimator, is shown to be the best k(eff) estimator available in MCNP for estimating k(eff) confidence intervals. Theoretically, the Gauss-Markov theorem provides a solid foundation for MCNP's three-combined estimator. Analytically, a statistical study, where the estimates are drawn using a known covariance matrix, shows that the three-combined estimator is superior to the estimator with the smallest variance. Empirically, MCNP examples for several physical systems demonstrate the three-combined estimator's superiority over each of the three individual estimators and its correct coverage rates. Additionally, the importance of MCNP's statistical checks is demonstrated. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP URBATSCH, TJ (reprint author), UNIV MICHIGAN,DEPT NUCL ENGN,ANN ARBOR,MI 48109, USA. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 111 IS 2 BP 169 EP 182 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RK751 UT WOS:A1995RK75100001 ER PT J AU HAUGHT, CF JORDAN, WC BASOGLU, B BREWER, RW WILKINSON, AD DODDS, HL AF HAUGHT, CF JORDAN, WC BASOGLU, B BREWER, RW WILKINSON, AD DODDS, HL TI ANALYSES OF HYPOTHETICAL NUCLEAR CRITICALITY EXCURSIONS IN 10- AND 20-MW FREEZER/SUBLIMER VESSELS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article AB A theoretical model is used to predict the consequences of a postulated hypothetical nuclear criticality excursion in a freeezer/sublimer (F/S). Previous work has shown that an intrusion of water into a F/S may result in a critical configuration. A first attempt is made to model the neutronic and thermal-hydraulic phenomena occurring during a criticality excursion involving both uranium hexafluoride (UF6) and uranyl fluoride (UO2F2) solution, which is present in the F/S during upset conditions. The model employs point neutronics coupled with simple thermal hydraulics. Reactivity feedback from changes in the properties of the system are included in the model. The excursion is studied in a 10-MW F/S with an initial load of 3500 kg of 5% weight enriched UF6 and in a 20-MW F/S with an initial load of 6800 kg of 2% weight enriched UF6. The magnitude of the fission release determined in this work is 5.93 x 10(18) fissions in the 10-MW F/S and 4.21 x 10(18) fissions in the 20-MW F/S. In order to demonstrate the reliability of the techniques used in this work, a limited validation study was conducted by comparing the fission release and peak fission rate determined by this work with experimental results for a limited number of experiments. The agreement between calculations and experiments in the validation study is considered to be satisfactory. The calculational results for the hypothetical accidents in the two F/S vessels appear reasonable. C1 MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST INC,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUCL ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. EG&G ROCKY FLATS INC,GOLDEN,CO 80402. RP HAUGHT, CF (reprint author), MARTIN MARIETTA UTIL SERV,BLDG X-1000,MS 5023,PIKETON,OH 45661, USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 111 IS 2 BP 197 EP 218 PG 22 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RK751 UT WOS:A1995RK75100003 ER PT J AU WILKINSON, AD BASOGLU, B BENTLEY, CL DUNN, ME HAUGHT, CF PLASTER, MJ YAMAMOTO, T DODDS, HL HOPPER, CM AF WILKINSON, AD BASOGLU, B BENTLEY, CL DUNN, ME HAUGHT, CF PLASTER, MJ YAMAMOTO, T DODDS, HL HOPPER, CM TI IMPROVED DOSE ESTIMATES FOR NUCLEAR CRITICALITY ACCIDENTS SO NUCLEAR TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Note AB Slide rules are improved for estimating doses and dose rates resulting from nuclear criticality accidents. The original slide rules were created for highly enriched uranium solutions and metals using hand calculations along with the decades old Way-Wigner radioactive decay relationship and the inverse square law. This work uses state-of-the-art methods and better data to improve the original slide rules and also to extend the slide rule concept to three additional systems; i.e., highly enriched (93.2 wt%) uranium damp (H/U-235 = 10) powder (U3O8) and low-enriched (5 wt%) uranium mixtures (UO2F2) with a H/U-235 ratio of 200 and 500. Although the improved slide rules differ only slightly from the original slide rules, the improved slide rules and also the new slide rules can be used with greater confidence since they are based on more rigorous methods and better nuclear data. C1 MARTIN MARIETTA UTIL SYST,PIKETON,OH 45661. JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,TOKAI RES ESTAB,NAKA,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MARTIN MARIETTA ENERGY SYST,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP WILKINSON, AD (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT NUCL ENGN,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER NUCLEAR SOCIETY PI LA GRANGE PK PA 555 N KENSINGTON AVENUE, LA GRANGE PK, IL 60525 SN 0029-5450 J9 NUCL TECHNOL JI Nucl. Technol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 111 IS 2 BP 227 EP 240 PG 14 WC Nuclear Science & Technology SC Nuclear Science & Technology GA RK751 UT WOS:A1995RK75100005 ER PT J AU WEYDERT, M BRENNAN, JG ANDERSEN, RA BERGMAN, RG AF WEYDERT, M BRENNAN, JG ANDERSEN, RA BERGMAN, RG TI REACTIONS OF A URANIUM(IV) TERTIARY ALKYL BOND - FACILE LIGAND-ASSISTED REDUCTION AND INSERTION OF ETHYLENE AND CARBON-MONOXIDE SO ORGANOMETALLICS LA English DT Article ID RAY CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ZIEGLER-NATTA POLYMERIZATION; HYDROGEN-DEUTERIUM EXCHANGE; ORGANO-METALLIC COMPOUNDS; TRIVALENT URANIUM; COMPLEXES; CHEMISTRY; HYDRIDES; SPECTROSCOPY; METALLOCENES AB Reaction of (MeC(5)H(4))(3)X (X = Cl, MeC(5)H(4)) with t-BuLi affords the tertiary alkyl complex (MeC(5)H(4))(3)U(t-BU) Despite uranium(IV) generally being the preferred oxidation state in organometallic systems, (MeC(5)H(4))(3)U(t-Bu) reacts with Lewis bases (L = PMe(3), THF, RCN, RNC) to yield the reduced uranium(III) base adducts (MeC(5)H(4))(3)U(L) Carbon monoxide undergoes migratory insertion into the metal tertiary alkyl bond. The resulting acyl derivative decomposes at 90 degrees C to yield insoluble uranium-containing products and a mixture of tert-butyltoluenes by ring expansion of a methylcyclopentadienyl ligand. Ethylene also undergoes migratory insertion into the metal tertiary alkyl bond. No subsequent insertion of ethylene into the metal carbon bond takes place after the first equivalent has inserted. In marked contrast, reaction of various (MeC(5)H(4))(3)ThX (X = Cl, I, MeC(5)H(4), O-2,6-Me(2)C(6)H(3), OTs) compounds with t-BuLi gave intractable materials. However, reaction of the cationic species [(RC(5)H(4))(3)Th](BPh(4)) (R = Me(3)Si, t-Bu) with t-BuLi yields the new thorium hydrides (RC(5)H(4))(3)ThH. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV CHEM SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT CHEM,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NR 65 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA PO BOX 57136, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-0136 SN 0276-7333 J9 ORGANOMETALLICS JI Organometallics PD AUG PY 1995 VL 14 IS 8 BP 3942 EP 3951 DI 10.1021/om00008a046 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA RQ471 UT WOS:A1995RQ47100046 ER PT J AU STRINGER, J WRIGHT, IG AF STRINGER, J WRIGHT, IG TI CURRENT LIMITATIONS OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE ALLOYS IN PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS SO OXIDATION OF METALS LA English DT Article DE OXIDATION; CORROSION; HIGH TEMPERATURES; EROSION; WEAR AB There are several engineering systems which require materials of construction to tolerate elevated temperatures, and aggressive environments of one kind ol another; and where, furthermore, the performance of the system is limited by the materials capability. This paper reviews a number of these systems, drawn principally from the electric power industry, and describes both the current approaches to improving the materials capability, and potential directions for research and development for the future. Particular emphasis is given to cases where the problems related to oxidation and high-temperature corrosion are of major importance. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP STRINGER, J (reprint author), ELECT POWER RES INST,PALO ALTO,CA 94303, USA. RI Wright, Ian/A-8300-2008 NR 69 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 8 PU PLENUM PUBL CORP PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 SN 0030-770X J9 OXID MET JI Oxid. Met. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 44 IS 1-2 BP 265 EP 308 DI 10.1007/BF01046730 PG 44 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA RQ461 UT WOS:A1995RQ46100011 ER PT J AU BENSON, L KASHGARIAN, M RUBIN, M AF BENSON, L KASHGARIAN, M RUBIN, M TI CARBONATE DEPOSITION, PYRAMID LAKE SUBBASIN, NEVADA .2. LAKE LEVELS AND POLAR-JET STREAM POSITIONS RECONSTRUCTED FROM RADIOCARBON AGES AND ELEVATIONS OF CARBONATES (TUFAS) DEPOSITED IN THE LAHONTAN BASIN SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GREAT-BASIN; PALEOCLIMATIC IMPLICATIONS; BONNEVILLE; CLIMATE; CACO3.6H2O; CHRONOLOGY; IKAITE; USA; BP AB Most of the tufas in the Pyramid Lake subbasin were deposited within the last 35,000 yr, including most of the mound tufas that border the existing lake. Many of the older tufas (>21,000 yr B.P.) contained in the mounds were formed in association with ground-water discharge. The radiocarbon (C-14) ages of the older tufas represent maximum estimates of the time of their formation. Lake Lahontan experienced large and abrupt rises in level at similar to 22,000, 15,000, and 11,000 yr B.P. and three abrupt recessions in level at similar to 16,000, 13,600, and 10,000 yr B.P. The lake-level rises that were initiated at similar to 23,500 and 15,500 yr B.P. are believed to indicate the passage of the polar jet stream over the Lahontan basin. During expansion of the Laurentide Ice Sheet, the jet stream moved south across the basin, and during the contraction of the Ice Sheet, the jet stream moved north across the basin. The bulk of the carbonate contained in the mound tufas was deposited during the last major lake cycle (similar to 23,500-12,000 yr B.P.), indicating that ground- and surface-water discharges increased at similar to 23,500 and decreased at similar to 12,000 yr B.P. A lake-level oscillation that occurred between 11,000 and 10,000 yr B.P. is represented by a 2-cm thick layer of dense laminated tufa that occurs at and below 1180 m in the low-elevation tufa mounds and at 1205 m in the Winnemucca Lake subbasin. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,CTR ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. US GEOL SURVEY,RESTON,VA 22092. RP BENSON, L (reprint author), US GEOL SURVEY,3215 MARINE ST,BOULDER,CO 80303, USA. RI Kashgarian, Michaele/E-1665-2011 OI Kashgarian, Michaele/0000-0001-7824-8418 NR 39 TC 74 Z9 75 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0031-0182 J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 117 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 30 DI 10.1016/0031-0182(94)00103-F PG 30 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology GA RV638 UT WOS:A1995RV63800001 ER PT J AU BERRY, MW DONGARRA, JJ KIM, YB AF BERRY, MW DONGARRA, JJ KIM, YB TI A PARALLEL ALGORITHM FOR THE REDUCTION OF A NONSYMMETRIC MATRIX TO BLOCK UPPER-HESSENBERG FORM SO PARALLEL COMPUTING LA English DT Article DE LINEAR ALGEBRA; NONSYMMETRIC EIGENVALUE PROBLEM; HESSENBERG FORM; DISTRIBUTED-MEMORY MULTIPROCESSORS ID FACTORIZATION AB In this paper, we present an algorithm for the reduction to block upper-Hessenberg form which can be used to solve the nonsymmetric eigenvalue problem on message-passing multicomputers. On such multicomputers, a nonsymmetric matrix can be distributed across processing nodes logically configured into a two-dimensional mesh using the block-cyclic data distribution. Based on the matrix partitioning and mapping, the algorithm employs both Householder reflectors and Givens rotations within each reduction step. We analyze the arithmetic and communication complexities and describe the implementation details of the algorithm on message-passing multicomputers. We discuss two different implementations - synchronous and asynchronous - and present performance results on the Intel iPSC/860 and DELTA. We conclude with an evaluation of the algorithm's communication cost, and suggest areas for further improvement. C1 UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT COMP SCI,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,MATH SCI SECT,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Dongarra, Jack/E-3987-2014; OI Berry, Michael/0000-0002-9191-9148 NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8191 J9 PARALLEL COMPUT JI Parallel Comput. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1189 EP 1211 DI 10.1016/0167-8191(95)00015-G PG 23 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA RM926 UT WOS:A1995RM92600001 ER PT J AU FULLAGAR, WK WHITE, JW TROUW, F AF FULLAGAR, WK WHITE, JW TROUW, F TI SUPERCONDUCTIVITY, VIBRATIONAL AND LATTICE-DYNAMICS OF RB(3)CG(60) SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; ALKALI-INTERCALATED C-60; DOPED C-60; RAMAN-SCATTERING; METAL FULLERIDES; C60; K3C60; FULLERENES; TEMPERATURE; SPECTRUM AB The present status of theory and experiment on the superconductivity in Rb3C60 and related fullerides is critically reviewed to judge the completeness of intramolecular electron-phonon coupling as the mechanism. Data on the effect of ternary intercalation and C-70 content on the Rb3C60 structure and lattice dynamics between 20 and 300 K are reported for the energy transfer region 0 < Delta E(meV) < 50. Well-developed translational density of states between 10 and 20 meV as well as, at low temperatures, discrete librational excitations are observed. Ammoniation quenches the superconductivity above 4 K but does not restore scattering strength to intramolecular modes broadened in the superconducting phases. C1 AUSTRALIAN NATL UNIV,RES SCH CHEM,CANBERRA,ACT,AUSTRALIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 16 EP 21 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00052-B PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700006 ER PT J AU SHIRANE, G AF SHIRANE, G TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDIES OF YBA2CU3O6.6 AND CUGEO3 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID FLUCTUATIONS; LA2-XSRXCUO4 AB A review is given of the current neutron scattering experiments at Brookhaven on two oxides containing spin 1/2 Cu2+. The first topic is the search for incommensurate magnetic correlations in YBa2Cu3O6.6 (T-c = 46 K). Sternlieb et al. [Phys. Rev. B 50 (1994) 12915] have now established the energy-independent q line shape with characteristic flat tops. The second research topic is the new spin-Peierls transition in CuGeO3 at 14 K, recently discovered by Hase et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993) 3651]. A series of neutron measurements at Brookhaven have now established the Cu-oxygen coupled shifts, resulting in a dimerized singlet state. In addition, phonon measurements revealed an unusually soft longitudinal acoustic mode perpendicular to the chain direction. RP SHIRANE, G (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 37 EP 42 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00056-F PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700010 ER PT J AU MOOK, HA DAI, P AEPPLI, G MASON, TE HECKER, NE HARVEY, JA ARMSTRONG, T SALAMA, K LEE, D AF MOOK, HA DAI, P AEPPLI, G MASON, TE HECKER, NE HARVEY, JA ARMSTRONG, T SALAMA, K LEE, D TI RECENT NEUTRON-SCATTERING RESULTS ON HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID YBA2CU3O7 AB Triple-axis spectrometry has been used to determine the magnetic excitations in YBa2Cu3O7. Polarized measurements at 10 K show the scattering consists of a peak near 40 meV while 100 K data show a mostly flat continuum. At 10 K the 40-meV peak is found to be sharp in energy and anisotropic in momentum occupying a square portion of the Cu-O reciprocal lattice plane. The temperature dependence of the scattering is identical at the square side and corner. Polarized measurements show that the small background scattering observed at 100 K disappears below the superconducting transition. Resonant absorption measurements made to examine the Cu phonons show no observable changes in the phonons at the superconducting transition. C1 AT&T BELL LABS,MURRAY HILL,NJ 07974. UNIV TORONTO,TORONTO,ON M5S 1A1,CANADA. HARVARD UNIV,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02138. BATTELLE NW LABS,RICHLAND,WA. UNIV HOUSTON,TEXAS CTR SUPERCONDUCT,HOUSTON,TX 77204. RP MOOK, HA (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Dai, Pengcheng /C-9171-2012; Mason, Thomas/M-5809-2014 OI Dai, Pengcheng /0000-0002-6088-3170; Mason, Thomas/0000-0003-1880-3971 NR 8 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 43 EP 47 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00057-G PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700011 ER PT J AU KAKURAI, K HARASHINA, H SHAMOTO, S SATO, M TRANQUADA, JM SHIRANE, G AF KAKURAI, K HARASHINA, H SHAMOTO, S SATO, M TRANQUADA, JM SHIRANE, G TI MAGNETIC FLUCTUATIONS IN ZN AND NI DOPED YBA2CU3O6+X SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; EXCITATIONS; SYSTEM AB The magnetic neutron scattering cross-sections in Zn and Ni doped YBCO6+x have been measured for energies between 2 and 14 meV and temperatures between 10 and 270 K. The imaginary part of the generalized susceptibility, integrated around (pi, pi) position, deduced from these data exhibits the simple temperature scaling form found in the normal state of weakly doped LSCO and pure YBCO6.5 with different weights of linear and cubic terms of E/T. C1 NAGOYA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NAGOYA,AICHI 464,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP KAKURAI, K (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO,ISSP,NEUTRON SCATTERING LAB,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 57 EP 59 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00060-M PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700014 ER PT J AU TRANQUADA, JM BUTTREY, DJ LORENZO, JE SACHAN, V AF TRANQUADA, JM BUTTREY, DJ LORENZO, JE SACHAN, V TI ORDERING OF HOLES AND SPINS IN LA2NIO4.125 AND LA1.8SR0.2NIO4 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB Single-crystal neutron diffraction studies of La2NiO4.125 and La1.6Sr0.2NiO4 reveal evidence for a long-period-commensurate coupled ordering of spins and charges below approximately 110K. Analysis of the superlattice peaks indicates that the dopant-induced holes order in domain walls that form antiphase boundaries between antiferromagnetic stripes. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEWARK,DE 19716. RP TRANQUADA, JM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857 NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 69 EP 71 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00064-G PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700018 ER PT J AU MOUDDEN, AH GEHRING, PM SHIRANE, G MATSUDA, M VASILIUDOLOC, L HENNION, B ENDOH, Y TANAKA, I KOJIMA, H AF MOUDDEN, AH GEHRING, PM SHIRANE, G MATSUDA, M VASILIUDOLOC, L HENNION, B ENDOH, Y TANAKA, I KOJIMA, H TI HIGH-ENERGY PHONON-DISPERSION IN LA1.85SR0.15CUO4 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB We have measured two phonon-dispersion curves above 50 meV in a superconducting (T-c = 33 K) single crystal of La1.85Sr0.15CuO4. In the normal phase (T = 45 K), we show that the Lambda(1) mode compatible with the Raman A(1g) (425 cm(-1)) mode is weakly dispersive, falling from 53.7 meV at the zone center to about 51 meV at the zone boundary along the tetragonal (0, 0, xi) direction. For the Lambda(1) mode compatible with the infra-red A(2u) (480 cm(-1)) mode, we observe a significant dispersion of the phonon energy which drops monotonically from 60 to 56 meV. The global features of these dispersion curves are similar to those previously reported in studies of both pure and 10% Sr doped La2CuO4. However significant differences in the shape of the dispersion of the highest Lambda(1) branch is shown, as well as a significant softening with increasing carrier concentration. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. TOHOKU UNIV,AOBA KU,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. YAMANASHI UNIV,KOFU,YAMANASHI 400,JAPAN. NATL INST STAND & TECHNOL,GAITHERSBURG,MD 20899. RP MOUDDEN, AH (reprint author), CENS,CEA,LLB,CNRS,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RI Tanaka, Isao/D-1519-2012; Matsuda, Masaaki/A-6902-2016; OI Matsuda, Masaaki/0000-0003-2209-9526; Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 72 EP 74 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00065-H PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700019 ER PT J AU WANG, XL FERNANDEZBACA, JA WANG, ZR VAKNIN, D JOHNSTON, DC AF WANG, XL FERNANDEZBACA, JA WANG, ZR VAKNIN, D JOHNSTON, DC TI NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION STUDY OF THE MAGNETIC-ORDERING IN BACUO2+X SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB Neutron-diffraction measurements have revealed that BaCuO2+x orders antiferromagnetically below T-N = 15.0 +/- 0.5 K with a magnetic propagation vector kappa = [111]. The Cu atoms in the Cu-6 ring clusters, located at the (1/4,1/4,1/4) positions, order ferromagnetically within these clusters while the clusters order antiferromagnetically. The magnetic moment of each of the ordered Cu atoms is (0.89 +/- 0.05)mu(B) at T = 4.2 K. No evidence of long-range magnetic ordering of the Cu atoms in the Cu-18 clusters,located at the (0,0,0) and (1/2,1/2,1/2) positions, was found down to a temperature T = 2.5 K. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014; Vaknin, David/B-3302-2009 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096; Vaknin, David/0000-0002-0899-9248 NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 97 EP 99 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00073-I PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700027 ER PT J AU PAUL, DM FORGAN, EM CUBITT, R LEE, SL WYLIE, M MOOK, HA YETHIRAJ, M MORTENSEN, K AF PAUL, DM FORGAN, EM CUBITT, R LEE, SL WYLIE, M MOOK, HA YETHIRAJ, M MORTENSEN, K TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING FROM THE FLUX-LINE-LATTICE IN BI2SR2CACU2O8+GAMMA SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID SUPERCONDUCTORS; DIFFRACTION AB Neutron small-angle diffraction has been used to investigate the flux-line lattice structure within single crystals of the high-temperature superconductor Bi2.15Sr1.95CaCu2O8+x. The diffracted intensity goes rapidly to zero as the magnetic field or the temperature is increased. Melting at low fields as a function of temperature coincides with the appearence of finite resistance within the superconducting state. At low temperatures the diffracted intensity disappears in fields greater than similar to 70 mT, probably due to the decomposition of the flux-line lattice into randomly pinned 2d ''pancake'' vortices. C1 UNIV BIRMINGHAM,SCH PHYS & SPACE RES,BIRMINGHAM B15 2TT,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. UNIV ZURICH,INST PHYS,CH-7087 ZURICH,SWITZERLAND. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RISO NATL LAB,DEPT SOLID STATE PHYS,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. RP PAUL, DM (reprint author), UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. RI cubitt, robert/B-9408-2008; Mortensen, Kell/A-5066-2009; Lee, Stephen/G-9791-2016 OI Mortensen, Kell/0000-0002-8998-9390; Lee, Stephen/0000-0002-2020-3310 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 107 EP 109 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700029 ER PT J AU LANDER, GH SHAPIRO, SM AF LANDER, GH SHAPIRO, SM TI POSSIBLE OBSERVATION OF A NEW MAGNETIC PHASE-TRANSITION IN USB SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON AB By measuring the polarization of neutrons transmitted through a USb single crystal we have discovered evidence for a second phase transition at T* = 142(2) K, about 70 K below TN ( = 213 K), in this well-studied antiferromagnetic actinide compound. The measurements show that a beam of polarized neutrons abruptly starts to become depolarized at T*. A number of other measurements find anomalies at T* and we propose that the transition is related to dephasing between the components of the triple-k structure known to exist in USb. This dynamic effect causes the formation of fluctuating domain walls containing ferromagnetic components, which then depolarize neutrons. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,LONG ISL,NY 11973. RP LANDER, GH (reprint author), COMMISS EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES,JRC,INST TRANSURANIUM ELEMENTS,POSTFACH 2340,D-76125 KARLSRUHE,GERMANY. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 125 EP 127 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00080-S PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700034 ER PT J AU TOMY, CV CHANG, LJ PAUL, DM ANDERSEN, NH YETHIRAJ, M AF TOMY, CV CHANG, LJ PAUL, DM ANDERSEN, NH YETHIRAJ, M TI NEUTRON-DIFFRACTION FROM HONI2B2C SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB RENi(2)B(2)C (RE = rare-earth) are quaternary compounds which exhibit a considerable degree of interaction between their superconducting and magnetic properties. The Ho variant is found to become superconducting at T-c = 9 K, but anomalous behaviour is observed in the low-field magnetic properties at T < 7 K (increasing susceptibility with decreasing temperature); at temperatures less than 5.6 K more conventional behaviour is regained. Neutron diffraction measurements demonstrate that at low temperatures (T < 5 K) the magnetic order consists of ferromagnetic planes antiferromagnetically coupled up the c-axis with a Ho moment of 8.9 +/- 0.2 mu(B) canted at 15 +/- 5 degrees from the a-b plane. At high temperatures (5 K < T < 8.5 K) satellites, together with the principal Bragg reflections, are observed which correspond to a modulation of the magnetic order with a wavelength of similar to 136 Angstrom up the c-axis. In the intermediate temperature(5 K < T < 7 K) range further Bragg reflections become evident. An additional modulation along the a-axis becomes important in this temperature range. C1 UNIV WARWICK,DEPT PHYS,COVENTRY CV4 7AL,W MIDLANDS,ENGLAND. RISO NATL LAB,DEPT SOLID STATE PHYS,DK-4000 ROSKILDE,DENMARK. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RI Andersen, Niels/A-3872-2012 NR 6 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 139 EP 141 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00085-N PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700039 ER PT J AU IKEDA, H IWASA, K FERNANDEZBACA, JA NICKLOW, RM AF IKEDA, H IWASA, K FERNANDEZBACA, JA NICKLOW, RM TI SPIN CORRELATIONS IN PERCOLATING NETWORKS WITH FRACTAL GEOMETRY SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID SELF-SIMILARITY; EXCITATIONS; ANTIFERROMAGNETS; CROSSOVER; WAVES AB Using neutron-scattering techniques, we have investigated the magnetic correlations in dilute antiferromagnets close to the percolation threshold, in which the magnetic connectivity takes a fractal form. Recent experimental results concerning the self-similarity of the magnetic order, and magnetic excitations in two-dimensional Ising and three-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnets are presented. C1 KEIO UNIV,DEPT PHYS,YOKOHAMA,KANAGAWA 223,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP IKEDA, H (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,BOOSTER SYNCHROTRON UTILIZAT FACIL,OHO 1-1,TSUKUBA 305,IBARAKI,JAPAN. RI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 146 EP 151 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00087-P PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700041 ER PT J AU MATSUDA, M KATSUMATA, K SHAPIRO, SM SHIRANE, G TUCHENDLER, J AF MATSUDA, M KATSUMATA, K SHAPIRO, SM SHIRANE, G TUCHENDLER, J TI SPIN FLUCTUATIONS IN A RANDOM MAGNET WITH COMPETING ANISOTROPIES - FE0.75CO0.25BR2 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID RANDOM MIXTURE; ANTI-FERROMAGNETS; PHASE-DIAGRAM; FE1-XCOXCL2 AB We have performed neutron scattering experiments on Fe0.75Co0.25Br2, a random magnet with competing spin anisotropies. We observe short-range correlations in the spin components both parallel and perpendicular to the c axis, in addition to the antiferromagnetic long range order with T-N approximate to 11 K. The scattering from the perpendicular spin components shows broad incommensurate peaks below 13 K. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. UNIV PARIS 06,DISPOSITIFS INFRAROUGE LAB,F-75252 PARIS 05,FRANCE. RP MATSUDA, M (reprint author), RIKEN,INST PHYS & CHEM RES,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN. RI Matsuda, Masaaki/A-6902-2016 OI Matsuda, Masaaki/0000-0003-2209-9526 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 155 EP 157 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00089-R PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700043 ER PT J AU HIROTA, K SHAPIRO, SM KATSUMATA, K HAGIWARA, M AF HIROTA, K SHAPIRO, SM KATSUMATA, K HAGIWARA, M TI FINITE-CHAIN EFFECTS ON THE SPIN EXCITATIONS IN THE S=1 HALDANE SYSTEM NINO WITH CU IMPURITIES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID QUANTUM ENERGY-GAP; HEISENBERG-ANTIFERROMAGNET; PEIERLS TRANSITION; CUGEO3; FIELD; STATE; NENP AB We measured the spin-excitation spectrum for the quasi-one-dimensional S = 1 antiferromagnet [Ni(C3H10N2)(2)] NO2(ClO4) (NINO) and NINO with nominally 5 at% Cu2+ impurities (NINO : CU2+) by inelastic neutron scattering. We clearly observed a peak corresponding to an energy gap E(G)(perpendicular to) = 1.2 meV (approximate to 14 K) at q = pi, in both single crystals. The low-q spectra are also almost completely identical. However, the q dependence of the integrated intensity shows differences between NINO and NINO :Cu2+. The correlation length zeta/d is estimated to be 6.0 for NINO and 4.4 for NINO:Cu2+, where d is the spacing between spins in a chain. These results are consistent with the nature of the localized and disordered state of the Haldane system, which is expected to be robust against finite-chain effects. C1 RIKEN,INST PHYS & CHEM RES,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN. RP HIROTA, K (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hirota, Kazuma/C-6797-2008 NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 173 EP 175 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00095-Q PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700049 ER PT J AU ITOH, S KAKURAI, K TAKEDA, M HIROTA, K AF ITOH, S KAKURAI, K TAKEDA, M HIROTA, K TI POLARIZED NEUTRON TRANSMISSION STUDIES OF LINIO2 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID TRIANGULAR LATTICE ANTIFERROMAGNETS; NATIO2; S=1/2 AB Polarized-neutron transmission experiments on a triangular-lattice antiferromagnet, LiNiO2, have been performed. The transmitted beam through the sample was depolarized below the lower transition temperature T-N2. The transmitted beam also includes small-angle neutron-scattering, and magnetic small-angle neutron-scattering separated from the transmission was observed below the upper transition temperature T-N1. C1 UNIV TOKYO,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP ITOH, S (reprint author), NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,BOOSTER SYNCHROTRON UTILIZAT FACIL,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RI Hirota, Kazuma/C-6797-2008 NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 200 EP 202 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00104-H PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700058 ER PT J AU KAWANO, H YOSHIZAWA, H NICKLOW, RM ITO, A AF KAWANO, H YOSHIZAWA, H NICKLOW, RM ITO, A TI MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS IN A RANDOM-EXCHANGE SYSTEM FEXMN1-XTIO3 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID ANTIFERROMAGNET AB In order to examine the influence of exchange frustration on spin-wave excitations, inelastic neutron scattering experiments have been performed on a random-exchange system FexMn1-xTiO3 with x = 0.00, 0.10, 0.25, 0.33. For all three mixed systems, the magnetic excitation spectra consist of two components: a well-defined spin-wave component and a broad damped component. The latter can well fit with the spectral-weight function for a damped harmonic oscillator. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OCHANOMIZU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 112,JAPAN. RP KAWANO, H (reprint author), UNIV TOKYO,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,MINATO KU,TOKYO 106,JAPAN. RI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7646-2016; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/M-7695-2016 OI Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727; Kawano-Furukawa, Hazuki/0000-0003-4713-3727 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 206 EP 208 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00106-J PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700060 ER PT J AU KATANO, S KITO, H AKIMITSU, J SIRATORI, K FUNAHASHI, S CHILD, HR AF KATANO, S KITO, H AKIMITSU, J SIRATORI, K FUNAHASHI, S CHILD, HR TI 2-DIMENSIONAL DIFFRACTION PATTERNS OF ERFE2O4-DELTA SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB Diffraction patterns in the (h h l) plane of ErFe2O4-delta, measured as a function of temperature, show the two-dimensional spin (ferrimagnetic)-charge ordering of Fe2+ and Fe3+ with weak correlations between the planes. A model recently proposed for this spin-charge ordering has been examined by measurements of the intensity for three different crystal directions in the c-plane, since the model leads to the existence of three kinds of domain with quite different volumes. In contrast to this expectation, the results show no appreciable intensity differences. C1 AOYAMA GAKUIN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SETAGAYA KU,TOKYO 157,JAPAN. OSAKA UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KATANO, S (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 212 EP 214 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00108-L PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700062 ER PT J AU KATANO, S MATSUMOTO, T FUNAHASHI, S IIDA, J TANAKA, M CABLE, JW AF KATANO, S MATSUMOTO, T FUNAHASHI, S IIDA, J TANAKA, M CABLE, JW TI CRYSTAL AND MAGNETIC-STRUCTURE OF STOICHIOMETRIC YFE2O4 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB The crystal structure of stoichiometric YFe2O4 powder has been studied by high-resolution neutron diffraction at room temperature, 225 K and 80 K. Rietveld refinements of the diffraction patterns give reasonable fits with space group R ($) over bar 3m (hexagonal) for room temperature, and with P-$ over bar 1 (triclinic) for 225 K. However, the pattern obtained at 80 K cannot be fitted at all with the same triclinic symmetry, indicating that the structure is much more complicated. The magnetic reflection has been separated from those complex nuclear peaks by the polarization analysis. The magnetic structure is also fairly complicated both at 225 and at 80 K. C1 NATL RES INST MET,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. OCHANOMIZU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TOKYO 112,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP KATANO, S (reprint author), JAPAN ATOM ENERGY RES INST,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,TOKAI,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 3 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 218 EP 220 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00110-U PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700064 ER PT J AU HIROTA, K BIRGENEAU, RJ HASE, M KOJIMA, H LORENZO, JE SHIBUYA, Y SHIRANE, G TANAKA, I TRANQUADA, JM UCHINOKURA, K AF HIROTA, K BIRGENEAU, RJ HASE, M KOJIMA, H LORENZO, JE SHIBUYA, Y SHIRANE, G TANAKA, I TRANQUADA, JM UCHINOKURA, K TI LATTICE-DYNAMICS AND SPIN-EXCITATIONS IN THE SPIN-PEIERLS COMPOUND CUGEO3 SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID TRANSITION AB The acoustic phonon modes of the spin-Peierls compound CuGeO3 have been measured along the principal directions at various temperatures. The longitudinal mode along b*, which is perpendicular to the Cu2+ chain direction, lies below the transverse mode in the same direction and is quite broad in energy due to damping. Measurements of the spin-excitation spectrum reveal that there remains considerable intensity spreading over a wide energy range above T-SP = 14.2 K, and persisting up to about 50 K. C1 MIT,DEPT PHYS,CAMBRIDGE,MA 02139. UNIV TOKYO,DEPT APPL PHYS,BUNKYO KU,TOKYO 113,JAPAN. YAMANASHI UNIV,INST INORGAN SYNTH,KOFU,YAMANASHI 400,JAPAN. RP HIROTA, K (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,BLDG 510-B,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Hirota, Kazuma/C-6797-2008; Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009; Tanaka, Isao/D-1519-2012; Hase, Masashi/B-8900-2008 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857; Hase, Masashi/0000-0003-2717-461X NR 14 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 284 EP 287 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00131-R PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700085 ER PT J AU BONI, P ENDOH, Y GRAF, HA HENNION, M MARTINEZ, JL SHIRANE, G AF BONI, P ENDOH, Y GRAF, HA HENNION, M MARTINEZ, JL SHIRANE, G TI DIPOLAR ANISOTROPY OF SPINWAVES IN THE ISOTROPIC FERROMAGNETS EUS AND PD(2)NSN SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HEISENBERG-FERROMAGNET; EXCHANGE INTERACTIONS; SPIN DYNAMICS; FLUCTUATIONS; TC AB The spin excitations in the model Heisenberg ferromagnets EuS and Pd2MnSn have been investigated below T-c using polarized-neutron scattering. In EuS the spin waves with transverse polarization with respect to q(delta S perpendicular to q) renormalize near T-c as expected according to dynamical scaling theory, and the excitations have a gap with Delta similar or equal to 0.040 meV. In contrast, the longitudinal spin waves (delta S/q) are possibly damped. These observations are clearly related to the strong dipolar anisotropy that has already been observed above T-c. Similar investigations in Pd2MnSn show, that the spin waves are independent of the polarization within the q-range investigated. This result confirms that the dipolar interactions in Pd2MnSn are indeed small. C1 PAUL SCHERRER INST,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. TOHOKU UNIV,DEPT PHYS,SENDAI,MIYAGI 980,JAPAN. HAHN MEITNER INST BERLIN GMBH,D-14109 BERLIN,GERMANY. CENS,LAB LEON BRILLOUIN,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. UNIV AUTONOMA MADRID,INST CIENCIA MAT,E-28034 MADRID,SPAIN. BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973. RP BONI, P (reprint author), ETH ZURICH,NEUTRONENSTREUUNG LAB,CH-5232 VILLIGEN,SWITZERLAND. RI Martinez, Jose/B-5371-2013 OI Martinez, Jose/0000-0001-9046-8237 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 303 EP 305 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00137-X PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700091 ER PT J AU TSUNODA, Y NICKLOW, RM AF TSUNODA, Y NICKLOW, RM TI COMMENSURATE EXCITATION IN AN INCOMMENSURATE SDW SYSTEM CR-1.5-PERCENT-FE SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS; POLARIZED NEUTRON; CHROMIUM; WAVE; ANTIFERROMAGNETISM AB The magnetic excitations of an incommensurate spin-density-wave system Cr98.5Fe1.5 were studied at the commensurate position (Q = (001)) using neutron inelastic scattering. Above T-N, the magnetic excitation centered at (001) dominates the scattering,just as reported for pure Cr, and the line profiles of constant-E scans at several energy transfers are described well by single Gaussians centered at (001). The commensurate inelastic scattering intensity shows a maximum at T-N just like critical scattering. The origin of the commensurate inelastic scattering is discussed. C1 OSAKA UNIV,FAC SCI,TOYONAKA,OSAKA 560,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 345 EP 347 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00151-X PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700105 ER PT J AU YAMAGUCHI, Y THURSTON, TR MIKI, H TOMIYOSHI, S AF YAMAGUCHI, Y THURSTON, TR MIKI, H TOMIYOSHI, S TI PARAMAGNETIC SCATTERING OF NEUTRONS FROM AN ITINERANT-ELECTRON ANTIFERROMAGNET MN3SI SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS AB Magnetic neutron scattering is measured from the itinerant electron antiferromagnet Mn3Si in the paramagnetic state. The scattering is described by a Gaussian function in reciprocal lattice space and a Lorentzian function for the energy dependence. This combination is similar to that of BCC Cr instead of the double Lorentzian form of ordinary magnets. Spatial correlations at an energy transfer for 5 meV are observed to be 27 Angstrom at 1.7T(N) and 18 Angstrom at 8.7T(N). The temperature dependence of the relaxation parameter Gamma is described by (T - T-N)(0.5) up to 8.7T(N). C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. EHIME UNIV,FAC ENGN,MATSUYAMA,EHIME 790,JAPAN. RP YAMAGUCHI, Y (reprint author), TOHOKU UNIV,INST MAT RES,SENDAI,MIYAGI 98077,JAPAN. NR 5 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 363 EP 365 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00157-5 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700111 ER PT J AU ISHII, Y MORII, Y NICKLOW, RM FUNAHASHI, S AF ISHII, Y MORII, Y NICKLOW, RM FUNAHASHI, S TI NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY OF LITHIUM-OXIDE SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB The thermal vibrations of lithium oxide were studied in the temperature rang from 293 to 1120 K using a high-resolution powder diffractometer. The isotropic thermal parameter of the oxygen ion has a linear relationship with the temperature. The parameter of the lithium ion increases rapidly above 450 K. To clarify the nature of the thermal vibration of lithium ion, inelastic neutron scattering measurements for a transverse optical mode were also carried out in the temperature range from 293 to 1000 K. No temperature dependence of the phonon energy was observed for the TO mode at the zone center, while for the Raman-active mode the phonon energy has a strong temperature dependence above 450 K. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP ISHII, Y (reprint author), JAERI,DEPT MAT SCI & ENGN,NAKA,IBARAKI 31911,JAPAN. NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 436 EP 438 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00362-D PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700135 ER PT J AU GOYAL, PS MENON, SVG DASANNACHARYA, BA THIYAGARAJAN, P AF GOYAL, PS MENON, SVG DASANNACHARYA, BA THIYAGARAJAN, P TI SANS STUDY OF MICELLAR STRUCTURE AND INTERACTIONS IN TRITON X-100 SOLUTIONS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING; HARD-SPHERE MODEL AB SANS from non-ionic micellar solutions of Triton X-100 over a wide range of concentration and temperature are reported. It has been found that the micelles are oblate ellipsoids with an axial ratio around two and that there are about 20 molecules of D2O per surfactant molecule in the hydrophilic region. The data have been analysed in terms of the Sticky Hard Sphere model and the effect of temperature on inter-micellar interactions has been investigated. C1 BHABHA ATOM RES CTR,BOMBAY 400085,MAHARASHTRA,INDIA. ARGONNE NATL LAB,IPNS,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 10 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 610 EP 612 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00227-Z PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700189 ER PT J AU LOONG, CK ITON, LE OZAWA, M AF LOONG, CK ITON, LE OZAWA, M TI HYDROGEN VIBRATIONAL DENSITY-OF-STATES OF ADSORBED WATER ON RARE-EARTH MODIFIED ZIRCONIA SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING AB Rare-earth (RE) doped ZrO2 prepared by a method of coprecipitation from aqueous solution shows many properties, such as good thermal stability and large surface area (similar to 80 m(2)/g), that are suitable for use as catalyst supports and sorbents for a variety of molecules. We have measured the vibrational densities of states of surface hydroxyl groups as well as physisorbed water molecules in La0.1Zr0.9O1.95 and Nd0.1Zr0.9O1.95 by inelastic neutron scattering. The spectrum of dry RE-ZrO2 exhibits a peak at about 455 meV characteristic of the O-H stretch vibrations of surface hydroxyl groups. At submonolayer coverage of H2O this peak broadens and shifts to a slightly lower energy. At higher coverage three bands, corresponding to the O-H stretch (similar to 430 meV), H-O-H bend (similar to 200 meV) and librational motion (similar to 80 meV), were observed. The decreasing energy and larger width of the O-H stretch band with increasing H,O coverage indicate the influence of hydrogen bonding on the motion of water molecules. C1 NAGOYA INST TECHNOL,GIFU 507,JAPAN. RP LOONG, CK (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 640 EP 642 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00236-3 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700198 ER PT J AU YAMAOKA, H MATSUOKA, H SUMARU, K HANADA, S IMAI, M WIGNALL, GD AF YAMAOKA, H MATSUOKA, H SUMARU, K HANADA, S IMAI, M WIGNALL, GD TI SMALL-ANGLE NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDY OF THE MICELLE STRUCTURE OF AMPHIPHILIC BLOCK-COPOLYMERS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID LIVING CATIONIC POLYMERIZATION; MACROMOLECULAR AMPHIPHILES; VINYL ETHERS AB Amphiphilic block copolymers of vinyl ether were prepared by living cationic polymerization. The partially deuterated copolymers for SANS experiments were specially synthesized by introducing deuterated phenyl units into the hydrophobic chain. SANS measurements were performed for aqueous solutions of these copolymers by changing the H2O/D2O ratios. The SANS profiles indicate that the micelles in the present system exhibit a core-shell structure and that the size and shape of micelles are largely dependent on the length of the hydrophobic chain. The micelle of the shorter hydrophobic chain was found to be nearly spherical, whereas the micelle of the longer hydrophobic chain was confirmed to have an ellipsoidal shape. C1 UNIV TOKYO,INST SOLID STATE PHYS,TOKYO 106,JAPAN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP YAMAOKA, H (reprint author), KYOTO UNIV,DEPT POLYMER CHEM,KYOTO 60601,JAPAN. OI Wignall, George/0000-0002-3876-3244 NR 8 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 700 EP 702 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00254-7 PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700216 ER PT J AU BOURKE, MAM GOLDSTONE, JA ROBINSON, RA AF BOURKE, MAM GOLDSTONE, JA ROBINSON, RA TI STRAIN-MEASUREMENT BY DIFFRACTION AT LANSCE SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB Neutron diffraction is a unique technique for non-destructive strain measurement within crystalline solids. The technique has achieved recognition but is limited by lack of beam time and the compromises involved in using instruments designed for powder diffraction. This paper summarizes its importance, lists the capabilities of the Los Alamos (pulsed) neutron scattering center (LANSCE) and briefly describes a conceptual dedicated instrument. RP BOURKE, MAM (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANSCE,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544, USA. NR 3 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 806 EP 808 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00286-I PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700248 ER PT J AU WANG, XL FERNANDEZBACA, JA HUBBARD, CR ALEXANDER, KB BECHER, PF AF WANG, XL FERNANDEZBACA, JA HUBBARD, CR ALEXANDER, KB BECHER, PF TI TRANSFORMATION BEHAVIOR IN AL2O3-ZRO2 CERAMIC COMPOSITES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON POWDER DIFFRACTION; RIETVELD AB Neutron powder diffraction was used to investigate the tetragonal-to-monoclinic transformation of ZrO2 in an Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic composite containing 40 vol% tetragonal ZrO2. The neutron-diffraction data were analyzed using the Rietveld refinement technique, which allowed determination of the extent of the transformation, as a function of temperature. The onset transformation temperature determined for this sample was 130 K. Below this temperature, the fraction of the monoclinic phase continued to increase to about 9 vol% at 80 K and remained constant for temperatures below 80 K. The calculated thermal expansion, using the refined lattice parameters, was found to be in excellent agreement with dilatometry data, confirming that the sharp increase in the thermal expansion upon cooling resulted from the tetragonal-to-monoclinic phase transformation in ZrO2. RP WANG, XL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. RI Wang, Xun-Li/C-9636-2010; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/C-3984-2014 OI Wang, Xun-Li/0000-0003-4060-8777; Fernandez-Baca, Jaime/0000-0001-9080-5096 NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 824 EP 826 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00292-H PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700254 ER PT J AU KIYANAGI, Y CARPENTER, JM KOSUGI, N IWASA, H HIRAGA, F WATANABE, N AF KIYANAGI, Y CARPENTER, JM KOSUGI, N IWASA, H HIRAGA, F WATANABE, N TI TAILORING OF NEUTRON PULSE SHAPES FROM A COUPLED LIQUID-HYDROGEN MODERATOR FOR PULSED SPALLATION NEUTRON SOURCES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB In this paper we introduce an idea for improving the broader pulse width and the long-time tail of cold neutrons from a coupled composite moderator system, by decoupling the premoderator from the reflector. We confirmed experimentally that the pulse width from a decoupled system, a 5cm thick liquid-hydrogen moderator with 3cm thick light-water premoderator decoupled from a graphite reflector, can be reduced considerably almost at no cost of the peak height and the decay time of the pulse can also be improved significantly, when compared to those from a coupled composite moderator of the same material and dimensions. The present results are compared to those obtained with an alternative method by heterogeneously poisoning the reflector. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TSUKUBA,IBARAKI 305,JAPAN. RP KIYANAGI, Y (reprint author), HOKKAIDO UNIV,DEPT NUCL ENGN,SAPPORO,HOKKAIDO 060,JAPAN. RI Kiyanagi, Yoshiaki/D-7132-2012 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 854 EP 856 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00302-P PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700264 ER PT J AU ROBINSON, RA LAWSON, AC LARSON, AC VONDREELE, RB GOLDSTONE, JA AF ROBINSON, RA LAWSON, AC LARSON, AC VONDREELE, RB GOLDSTONE, JA TI RIETVELD REFINEMENT OF MAGNETIC-STRUCTURES FROM PULSED-NEUTRON-SOURCE POWDER-DIFFRACTION DATA SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID X-RAY; UPDSN; VALENCE AB The General Structure Analysis System, GSAS, has recently been modified to include magnetic neutron-scattering cross-sections. Low-temperature diffraction data have been taken on the hexagonal noncollinear antiferromagnet UPdSn on both the HIPD and the NPD powder diffractometers at LANSCE. The low-resolution data reveal that the magnetic structure has orthorhombic symmetry between 23 K and 37 K, and monoclinic symmetry below 23 K. The high-resolution data reveal that there are structural distortions with corresponding symmetry changes in each of these phases, while the paramagnetic phase above 37 K remains hexagonal. Using GSAS, we have refined data sets from both diffractometers simultaneously, including both magnetic and structural cross-sections. The magnetic results from Rietveld refinement are in good agreement with model fitting to the integrated intensities of seven independent magnetic reflections and these, in turn, agree with measurements made on the same sample using the constant-wavelength reactor technique. RP ROBINSON, RA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 985 EP 989 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)92830-4 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700305 ER PT J AU ROBINSON, RA AF ROBINSON, RA TI ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTENSITY AND RESOLUTION OF PULSED-SOURCE BACKSCATTERING SPECTROMETERS SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON AB In a recent paper on the high-resolution pulsed-source backscattering spectrometer LAM-80ET, Ikeda et al. noted that the observed intensity I varies linearly with energy resolution Delta epsilon, on changing order of analyser reflection. This is apparently at variance with reactor folklore, which is based solely on phase-space arguments, in which it is assumed that I Delta epsilon(2). We discuss this problem in terms of (a) resolution-volume arguments, (b) the energy dependence of source Bur, (c) the appropriate Jacobian for transformation from time-of-flight to energy scan, (d) a simple model for resolution of the spectrometer and (e) the wavelength variation of critical angle for the neutron guide. Making suitable simplifying approximations, we arrive at the form I proportional to Delta epsilon(4/3). RP ROBINSON, RA (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LANSCE,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 1002 EP 1004 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)92831-T PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700310 ER PT J AU CARPENTER, JM AF CARPENTER, JM TI STUDIES FOR A 1-MW PULSED SPALLATION SOURCE IN THE UNITED-STATES SO PHYSICA B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB Feasibility studies of pulsed spallation neutron sources based on 1-MW (time-average) proton beams are underway in the United States. This paper describes the background for these studies, summarizes the main parameters of the designs and discusses some of the physics and engineering issues relating to high power pulsed spallation sources. RP CARPENTER, JM (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 1042 EP 1047 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00359-H PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700321 ER PT J AU BLANCO, JA NICKLOW, RM SCHMITT, D AF BLANCO, JA NICKLOW, RM SCHMITT, D TI MAGNETIC EXCITATIONS IN MODULATED PRNI2SI2 SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn AB The magnetic excitations in a single crystal of PrNi2Si2 have been studied by inelastic neutron scattering. Dispersion curves have been followed through the centered tetragonal Brillouin zone. In the paramagnetic phase, at 30 K, the lowest energy magnetic branch exhibits strong dispersion ranging from 1.9 to 3.5 meV, the minimum energy occurring at the wave vector of the ordered phase; from the observed dispersion the inter-ionic isotropic bilinear exchange parameters are deduced. At 4.2 K, in the modulated phase, the same branch presents slightly larger, but not significantly different, dispersion. C1 CNRS, LAB LOUIS NEEL, F-38042 GRENOBLE 9, FRANCE. UNIV OVIEDO, DEPT FIS, E-33007 OVIEDO, SPAIN. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB, DIV SOLID STATE, OAK RIDGE, TN 37831 USA. RI Blanco, Jesus/L-6508-2014 OI Blanco, Jesus/0000-0002-8054-1442 NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 327 EP 329 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00145-Y PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700099 ER PT J AU PRICE, DL SABOUNGI, ML HOWELLS, WS AF PRICE, DL SABOUNGI, ML HOWELLS, WS TI ROTOR PHASES IN COMPOUND SEMICONDUCTORS SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID PHOSPHORUS-SELENIUM GLASSES; METAL LEAD ALLOYS; TETRAPHOSPHORUS TRISELENIDE; HEAT-CAPACITY; LIQUID; DEPENDENCE; CSPB; KPB AB Quasielastic neutron scattering is used to study the disordering processes in two classes of semiconductors: I-IV Zintl compounds and the phosphorous-selenium system. Two alkali-metal-polyvalent metal Zintl compounds, CsPb and NaSn, exhibit a two-stage melting process with high-temperature solid phases characterized by rapid dynamical disorder. In CsPb this disorder is clearly associated with rapid reorientations of polyanions with the cations participating in the dynamical disorder on the same time scale. In NaSn the disorder is associated with fast reorientations of the polyanions closely coupled to a slower migration of the cations. The two high-temperature solid phases of the molecular crystal P4Se3 are confirmed to be rotor phases with small but significant differences in the reorientational motions in the two phases. C1 RUTHERFORD APPLETON LAB, CHILTON OX11 0QX, OXON, ENGLAND. RP PRICE, DL (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB, 9700 S CASS AVE, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RI Price, David Long/A-8468-2013; Saboungi, Marie-Louise/C-5920-2013 OI Saboungi, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-0607-4815 NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 547 EP 551 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00207-P PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700169 ER PT J AU GRIMM, H GEHRING, PM SHAPIRO, SM KAHN, R RUPPRECHT, A AF GRIMM, H GEHRING, PM SHAPIRO, SM KAHN, R RUPPRECHT, A TI LOW-FREQUENCY EXCITATIONS OF ORIENTED DNA SO PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Yamada Conference XXXXI/International Conference on Neutron Scattering (ICNS 94) CY OCT 11-14, 1994 CL SENDAI, JAPAN SP Yamada Sci Fdn ID NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DYNAMICS; WATER AB The self-correlation spectrum of DNA hydrogens has been measured by thermal neutron scattering for two orientations of the helical axis in the temperature range 200 K less than or equal to T less than or equal to 300 K. Typical spectra for glass formers are observed which show that DNA hydrogens become increasingly delocalized above T similar or equal to 200 K. This self-correlation is essentially isotropic. Anisotropic contributions to the scattering are identified as being due to compressional waves along the helix and the low-lying optical band observed in Raman scattering. Both modes show strong coupling to relaxational modes at the zone center (10th layer line). It is argued that the observability of the optical band at this position is due to an antiparallel displacement of the base-pair centers along the helix direction. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. CENS, LAB LEON BRILLOUIN, F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE, FRANCE. UNIV STOCKHOLM, ARRHENIUS LAB, S-10691 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN. RP GRIMM, H (reprint author), FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM JULICH, FORSCHUNGSZENTRUM, INST FESTKORPERFORSCH, POB 1913, D-52425 JULICH, GERMANY. OI Rupprecht, Allan/0000-0002-2772-1620; Gehring, Peter/0000-0002-9236-2046 NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4526 J9 PHYSICA B JI Physica B PD AUG PY 1995 VL 213 BP 780 EP 782 DI 10.1016/0921-4526(95)00278-H PG 3 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RU407 UT WOS:A1995RU40700240 ER PT J AU MOGILEVSKY, R MITCHELL, JF HINKS, DG ARGYRIOU, DN JORGENSEN, JD AF MOGILEVSKY, R MITCHELL, JF HINKS, DG ARGYRIOU, DN JORGENSEN, JD TI TERNARY AND QUATERNARY THALLIUM-CONTAINING HIGH-T-C SUPERCONDUCTORS SYNTHESIZED AT LOW-TEMPERATURE AND ELEVATED PRESSURE SO PHYSICA C LA English DT Article ID TL2BA2CUO6+DELTA SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SYSTEM; DIFFRACTION; TRANSPORT; POWDER; FILMS AB The synthesis of Tl-2201 and Tl-2212 superconductors at 550 degrees C and 1200 psi Ar is described. AC susceptibility indicates onset T-c's of similar to 93 K for 2201 and similar to 118 K for 2212. For both materials, the single-phase composition is not that of the nominally stoichiometric cation ratio Tl:Ba:Ca:Cu = 2:2:0:1 or 2:2:1:2. The 2201 phase forms as a point compound under these synthesis conditions, while 2212 may show a more complex solid-solution behavior. Rietveld analysis of combined X-ray and neutron-diffraction data reveals random substitution of Cu on the Tl site for the Tl-2201 compound. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. ARGONNE NATL LAB,SCI & TECHNOL CTR SUPERCONDUCT,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NR 23 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-4534 J9 PHYSICA C JI Physica C PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 250 IS 1-2 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1016/0921-4534(95)00338-X PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA RN359 UT WOS:A1995RN35900003 ER PT J AU FILL, EE LI, YL PREZTLER, G SCHLOGL, D STEINGRUBER, J NILSEN, J AF FILL, EE LI, YL PREZTLER, G SCHLOGL, D STEINGRUBER, J NILSEN, J TI STUDY OF LASING IN LOW-Z NEON-LIKE IONS USING THE PREPULSE TECHNIQUE SO PHYSICA SCRIPTA LA English DT Article ID X-RAY LASER AB We report strong lasing on the neon-like 3p(1)S(O) --> 3s(1)P(1) transition with wavelengths between 255 and 196 Angstrom when a low intensity prepulse is introduced before the main optical drive pulse of the 1.315 mu m Asterix laser which illuminates slab targets of materials ranging from iron to germanium the prepulse removed, this line is not visible except in the case of germanium where the use of the prepulse enhances the line at 196 Angstrom by two orders of magnitude. We also observe that ions with even-Z perform better than those with odd-Z, consistent with hyperfine splitting broadening the laser linewidth and thereby reducing the gain for the odd-Z ions. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. ACAD SINICA,SHANGHAI INST OPT & FINE MECH,SHANGHAI,PEOPLES R CHINA. RP FILL, EE (reprint author), MAX PLANCK INST QUANTUM OPT,POSTFACH 1513,D-85740 GARCHING,GERMANY. NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SWEDISH ACAD SCIENCES PI STOCKHOLM PA PUBL DEPT BOX 50005, S-104 05 STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN SN 0281-1847 J9 PHYS SCRIPTA JI Phys. Scr. PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 158 EP 161 DI 10.1088/0031-8949/52/2/003 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA RQ216 UT WOS:A1995RQ21600003 ER PT J AU JITSCHIN, W STOTZEL, R PAPP, T SARKAR, M DOOLEN, GD AF JITSCHIN, W STOTZEL, R PAPP, T SARKAR, M DOOLEN, GD TI COSTER-KRONIG YIELDS OF THE XE-54 L-SUBSHELLS MEASURED THROUGH SYNCHROTRON PHOTOIONIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LOCAL DENSITY APPROXIMATION; RAY-EMISSION RATES; FLUORESCENCE YIELDS; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; OPTICAL-RESPONSE; HEAVY-ELEMENTS; FOCK VALUES; ATOMS; RADIATION; PROGRAM AB The method of selective photoionization of individual subshells by monochromatized synchrotron radiation has been employed to measure all Coster-Kronig yields of the Xe-54 L subshells. The energy of the primary radiation was set at about 50 energy points in the range of the L edges. At each setting, the induced Xe L fluorescence and the induced Ar K fluorescence (used for normalization purposes) were recorded simultaneously by a Si(Li) detector. Both Xe and Ar were in the gaseous state. The recorded fluorescence spectra were carefully analyzed with proper modeling of the line tailing due to the intrinsic line profile and the detector line shape. The Coster-Kronig yields were derived by fitting the measured fluorescence intensities versus primary energy with the photoelectric cross sections. The derived yields are sensitive to the precise dependence of the cross sections on primary energy. Evaluations have been performed assuming a smooth power-law dependence and employing corrections for electron-correlation effects, which were estimated from comparative calculations in the independent-particle approximation and linear-response approximation models. Still, the uncertainties of the correlation effects constitute the main contribution to the uncertainties of the derived Coster-Kronig yields. The finally adopted values are f(12)=0.12+/-0.03, f(13)=0.23+/-0.04, and f(23)=0.14+/-0.02. C1 HUNGARIAN ACAD SCI,INST NUCL RES,H-4001 DEBRECEN,HUNGARY. SAHA INST NUCL PHYS,CALCUTTA 700064,W BENGAL,INDIA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP JITSCHIN, W (reprint author), FACHHSCH GIESSEN FRIEDBERG,FACHBEREICH MATH NAT WISSENSCH & INFORMAT,D-35390 GIESSEN,GERMANY. NR 34 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 977 EP 983 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.977 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100019 ER PT J AU DILLON, M KIMURA, M AF DILLON, M KIMURA, M TI TIME-DEPENDENCE OF THE SUBEXCITATION ELECTRON-DISTRIBUTION GENERATED BY HIGH-ENERGY ELECTRONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-HYDROGEN; DEGRADATION; MIXTURES; GAS; SPECTRA; ARGON AB The time-dependent behavior of subexcitation electrons is studied by a technique that employs the continuous slowing-down approximation, combined with the Spencer-Fano equation via a time-dependent version of the entry spectrum. The method is used first to establish generalities about the time behavior of subexcitation electrons generated by initially-high-energy electrons and then is employed to follow the development of subexcitation electron degradation spectra generated by 1-keV electrons in argon. RP DILLON, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1178 EP 1185 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1178 PG 8 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100038 ER PT J AU KIMURA, M LI, Y HIRSCH, G BUENKER, RJ AF KIMURA, M LI, Y HIRSCH, G BUENKER, RJ TI ELASTIC AND INELASTIC PROCESSES IN H++CH4 COLLISIONS IN THE LOW-KILO-ELECTRON-VOLT REGIME SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ION-MOLECULE COLLISIONS; CHARGE-TRANSFER; CI CALCULATIONS; LOW-ENERGY; H+; EXCITATION; EXTRAPOLATION; ATMOSPHERES; MODEL; HE+ AB Electron capture and direct elastic scattering in collisions of H+ ions with CH4 molecules are studied by using a molecular representation within a fully quantum-mechanical approach below 1.5 keV. Calculations are carried out at two different molecular configurations: (i) C-3v symmetry, in which H+ approaches along the direction of a C-H in CH4, and (ii) C-2v symmetry, in which H+ approaches along a bisector of a H-C-H bond angle. We find that electron capture in the C-2v symmetry configuration takes place preferentially over that in the C-3v symmetry configuration at scattering angles below 15 degrees at 1.5 keV, and that the situation reverses at larger scattering angles. Hence, interferences arising from these molecular configurations on differential cross sections for electron capture and elastic scattering processes are present but weak, except for angles near the crossing. Accordingly, the total cross section for the C-2v symmetry is larger by more than an order of magnitude, because in this symmetry H+ can penetrate deep inside the electron distribution of the CH4 molecule, causing a strong interaction. In addition, angular dependence in the differential cross section is quite different for the two molecular configurations at all energies studied. C1 RICE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HOUSTON,TX 77251. RP KIMURA, M (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 28 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1196 EP 1205 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1196 PG 10 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100040 ER PT J AU KRAVIS, S SAITOH, H OKUNO, K SOEJIMA, K KIMURA, M SHIMAMURA, I AWAYA, Y KANEKO, Y OURA, M SHIMAKURA, N AF KRAVIS, S SAITOH, H OKUNO, K SOEJIMA, K KIMURA, M SHIMAMURA, I AWAYA, Y KANEKO, Y OURA, M SHIMAKURA, N TI SINGLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE AND DOUBLE-CHARGE-EXCHANGE CROSS-SECTIONS FOR AR-Q++H-2 (Q=6, 7, 8, 9, AND 11) COLLISIONS FROM 6 EV TO 11 KEV SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID ION-MOLECULE COLLISIONS; DOUBLE-ELECTRON-CAPTURE; LOW-ENERGY COLLISIONS; ARGON IONS; H-2; C-4+; HE AB The cross sections for single-electron capture, including transfer ionization, and for double-electron capture, have been measured for Ar-q+ + HL for q = 6, 7, 8, 9, and 11 with projectile energies from q eV to q keV. Theoretically, the cross sections for Ar6+ and Ar8+ impact were calculated using a molecular-orbital expansion method in the energy region from 240 eV to 80 keV, and are in good agreement with experiment. The single-electron-capture cross sections were found to be more than one order of magnitude larger than those for double capture in both experiment and theory. The single-electron-capture cross sections were also compared to the Langevin cross section, a scaling law developed by Muller and Salzborn [Phys. Lett. 62A, 391 (1977)], and the absorbing sphere model. C1 RIKEN,INST PHYS & CHEM RES,WAKO,SAITAMA 35101,JAPAN. TOKYO METROPOLITAN UNIV,DEPT PHYS,HACHIOJI,TOKYO 19203,JAPAN. ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. NIIGATA UNIV,FAC SCI,NIIGATA 95021,JAPAN. RI Oura, Masaki/A-2057-2014 OI Oura, Masaki/0000-0002-9999-5612 NR 21 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1206 EP 1212 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1206 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100041 ER PT J AU COLLINS, LA SCHNEIDER, BI LYNCH, DL NOBLE, CJ AF COLLINS, LA SCHNEIDER, BI LYNCH, DL NOBLE, CJ TI ELECTRON-SCATTERING FROM H-2(+) - RESONANCES IN THE SIGMA-SYMMETRY AND PI-SYMMETRY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID LINEAR-ALGEBRAIC APPROACH; MATRIX PROPAGATION PROGRAM; DIFFERENTIAL-EQUATIONS; COUPLED EQUATIONS; QUANTUM DEFECTS; COLLISIONS; STATES; MOLECULES AB We present results of calculations for e(-) + H-2(+) scattering in the energy regime below the first excited state for resonance symmetries Sigma and Pi. We employ three distinct and independent methods: close-coupling linear algebraic, effective optical potential linear algebraic, and R matrix. We report extended calculations on the (1) Pi(g), resonance, important to dissociative recombination. We show binding of the (1) Sigma(g), state resonance between 2.6 and 2.7 bohrs. Our (1) Sigma(u) state results agree very well with previous calculations and reside a factor of 2 below a recent experiment. C1 NATL SCI FDN, DIV PHYS, ARLINGTON, VA 22230 USA. THINKING MACHINES CORP, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA. SERC, DARESBURY NATL LAB, DIV TCS, WARRINGTON WA4 4AD, CHESHIRE, ENGLAND. RP LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB, DIV T, POB 1663, LOS ALAMOS, NM 87545 USA. NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9926 EI 2469-9934 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1310 EP 1318 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1310 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100051 ER PT J AU LYKKE, KR AF LYKKE, KR TI FRAGMENTATION OF C-60 - EXPERIMENTAL DETECTION OF C, C-2, C-3, AND C-4 BY XUV POSTIONIZATION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID CARBON CLUSTER IONS; THERMIONIC EMISSION; IONIZATION; BUCKMINSTERFULLERENE; C60; DISINTEGRATION; DISSOCIATION AB We report experimental evidence for the loss of neutral Ct from photoexcited C-60 and C-70. These species are detected by postionization with xuv radiation. Interestingly, C, C-3, and C-4 also are products in the nascent distribution. An upper limit to the translational energy release into C atoms has been obtained using a resonant autoionization transition. The detection of these products gives insight into the fragmentation mechanism of fullerenes and may also have an impact on the field of fullerene formation. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM,ARGONNE,IL 60439. RP LYKKE, KR (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,9700 S CASS AVE,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 34 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1354 EP 1357 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1354 PG 4 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100055 ER PT J AU MILONNI, PW JAMES, DFV FEARN, H AF MILONNI, PW JAMES, DFV FEARN, H TI PHOTODETECTION AND CAUSALITY IN QUANTUM OPTICS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW A LA English DT Article ID VIRTUAL PHOTONS; ELECTRODYNAMICS; VIOLATION; DYNAMICS; ATOMS AB The theory of photodetection and quantum-optical coherence is formulated in the Heisenberg picture and in such a way that the causal propagation of fields at the velocity of light is manifest. Objections to the standard theory, based on a putative violation of causality, are shown to be unfounded, as is the notion that normal ordering is essential for the elimination of an infinite contribution from the vacuum field. In a similar vein we revisit the Fermi two-atom problem and explicitly demonstrate the causal nature of the interaction without invoking simplifying approximations that have recently been called into question. C1 CALIF STATE UNIV FULLERTON,DEPT PHYS,FULLERTON,CA 92634. RP MILONNI, PW (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET T4,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI James, Daniel/B-9805-2009 OI James, Daniel/0000-0003-3981-4602 NR 34 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1050-2947 J9 PHYS REV A JI Phys. Rev. A PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1525 EP 1537 DI 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1525 PG 13 WC Optics; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Optics; Physics GA RN561 UT WOS:A1995RN56100074 ER PT J AU PECHAN, MJ SCHULLER, IK AF PECHAN, MJ SCHULLER, IK TI DETERMINATION OF MAGNETIC-ANISOTROPY IN FE/CU MULTILAYERS - EQUIVALENCE OF DYNAMIC AND STATIC MEASUREMENTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID COLLECTIVE SPIN-WAVES; MODULATED THIN-FILMS; SUPERLATTICES; FE; SURFACE; SCATTERING; INTERFACE; RESONANCE; MOSSBAUER; LAYERS AB The magnetic anisotropy of Fe/Cu multilayers has been investigated using dc magnetization, ferromagnetic resonance, and Brillouin light scattering. Ail three techniques yield equivalent results, which can be attributed to the lack of higher-order terms in the uniaxial anisotropy energies. The intrinsic anisotropy is first-order uniaxial with the easy axis perpendicular to the layers and is interpreted with a simple phenomenological mdoel utilizing a surface anisotropy of 0.32 erg/cm(2) at each interface. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,DEPT PHYS,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP PECHAN, MJ (reprint author), MIAMI UNIV,DEPT PHYS,OXFORD,OH 45056, USA. NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3045 EP 3048 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3045 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200009 ER PT J AU OVCHINNIKOV, YN KRESIN, VZ AF OVCHINNIKOV, YN KRESIN, VZ TI CRITICAL MAGNETIC-FIELD IN LAYERED SUPERCONDUCTORS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note ID OXIDES; TC AB The nature of the dependence H-c2(T) is greatly affected by the presence of magnetic impurities. The scattering leads to change in the sign of the curvature and, consequently, to an increase in the value of H-c2. The theory allows one to explain recent experimental data with the overdoped cuprates; the behavior drastically different from the conventional picture has been observed. The calculations are in excellent agreement with the data. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY, LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB, BERKELEY, CA 94720 USA. RUSSIAN ACAD SCI, LD LANDAU THEORET PHYS INST, MOSCOW 11733, RUSSIA. RP OVCHINNIKOV, YN (reprint author), UNIV KARLSRUHE, INST CONDENSED MATTER THEORY, KAISERSTR 12, D-76128 KARLSRUHE, GERMANY. NR 33 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3075 EP 3078 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3075 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200017 ER PT J AU GRAF, T MOVSHOVICH, R THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z CANFIELD, PC AF GRAF, T MOVSHOVICH, R THOMPSON, JD FISK, Z CANFIELD, PC TI PROPERTIES OF YBAGCU4 AT HIGH-PRESSURES AND MAGNETIC-FIELDS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID RESISTIVITY; SCATTERING; YBXCU4; HEAT; AG AB We have measured the electrical resistivity of YbAgCu4 at quasihydrostatic pressures to 190 kbar and in magnetic fields to 8 T. At ambient pressure, YbAgCu4 is weakly mixed valent and has a Sommerfeld coefficient of specific heat gamma of approximately 240 mJ/mole K-2. With applied pressure, the ground-state degeneracy is reduced from eightfold to twofold degenerate as the energy scale T-0 characterizing the strongly correlated electron system is reduced from 130 to similar to 0.9 K at 190 kbar and gamma is estimated to increase to approximately 4900 mJ/mole K-2. At intermediate pressures T-0 and crystal-field splittings are comparable, which accounts for the lack of resistive scaling at these pressures. Systematics in the pressure-dependent resistivity suggest that YbAgCu4 should order magnetically at pressures not far above 190 kbar. The ''residual resistivity'' rho(0) of YbAgCu4 increases dramatically with decreasing volume due to resonant scattering of heavy quasiparticles by lattice defects. At high pressures and low temperatures the magnetoresistance is large and negative and has the field dependence expected of a spin-1/2 Kondo impurity. The pressure and field dependences of rho(0) and the T-2 coefficient of resistivity raise the question of their functional relationship and how we are to understand impuritylike behavior in a band of strongly correlated quasiparticles. C1 FLORIDA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. FLORIDA STATE UNIV,NATL LAB HIGH ENERGY PHYS,TALLAHASSEE,FL 32306. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. RP GRAF, T (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 31 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3099 EP 3107 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3099 PG 9 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200023 ER PT J AU FU, CL AF FU, CL TI ORIGIN OF ORDERING IN B2-TYPE TRANSITION-METAL ALUMINIDES - COMPARATIVE-STUDY OF THE DEFECT PROPERTIES OF PDAL, NIAL, AND FEAL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID BONDING CHARGE-DENSITY; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; B2 STRUCTURE AB The physical mechanism for ordering and the properties of lattice defects in B2-type transition-metal (TM) aluminides are presented. It is shown that the size effect is inadequate in explaining the defect structure (and ordering) in these intermetallics. Such is the case evident in the prototypical example of PdAl, which is found to exhibit all the physical characteristics of strongly ordered alloys even though the difference in atomic radii between constituent Pd and Al atoms is very small. We obtain a high heat of formation, high antiphase boundary energies,associated with the partial 1/2(111) slip, and the existence of triple defect (for the point defect structure) in PdAl. Comparative analyses are presented for PdAl, NiAl, and FeAl, and results reveal that the electronic structure at the TM sites plays a decisive role in the energetics (and types) of defects. The strong ordering in late TM aluminides of the B2 type is due to the lack of electronic screening from the TM d band to compensate the energetically unfavorable nearest-neighbor interaction between Al atoms when ordering is disrupted. RP FU, CL (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,POB 2008,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 21 TC 114 Z9 118 U1 3 U2 6 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3151 EP 3158 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3151 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200030 ER PT J AU BARRERA, RG FUCHS, R AF BARRERA, RG FUCHS, R TI THEORY OF ELECTRON-ENERGY-LOSS IN A RANDOM SYSTEM OF SPHERES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID VALENCE LOSS SPECTRA; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; SMALL PARTICLES; MICROSCOPY; GENERATION; SURFACES; BEAM AB We derive an expression for the inverse longitudinal dielectric function epsilon(-1)(k,omega) of random system of identical spherical particles with dielectric function epsilon(1)(omega) in a host with dielectric function epsilon(2)(omega). A spectral representation allows us to separate geometrical and material effects by writing epsilon(-1)(k,omega) in terms of a spectral function, which depends only on the wave vector k and the geometry of the system. Multipoles of arbitrary order are included. Using a mean-field theory and introducing the two-particle correlation function, we carry out a configuration average and find a simple result for the spectral function. From the loss function Im[-epsilon(-1)(k,omega)] we calculate the energy loss probability per unit path length for fast electrons passing through a system of colloidal aluminum particles. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP BARRERA, RG (reprint author), UNIV NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO,INST FIS,APARTADO POSTAL 20-364,MEXICO CITY 01000,DF,MEXICO. NR 34 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3256 EP 3273 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3256 PG 18 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200042 ER PT J AU FULTZ, B ANTHONY, L ROBERTSON, JL NICKLOW, RM SPOONER, S MOSTOLLER, M AF FULTZ, B ANTHONY, L ROBERTSON, JL NICKLOW, RM SPOONER, S MOSTOLLER, M TI PHONON MODES AND VIBRATIONAL ENTROPY OF MIXING IN FE-CR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID SPINODAL DECOMPOSITION; ALLOYS; PHASE; SCATTERING; SYSTEM; MOSSBAUER; CHROMIUM AB Results from neutron inelastic-scattering experiments on Fe, Cr, and three bcc Fe-Cr alloys were analyzed with a Born-von Karmin model to obtain phonon density-of-states (DOS) curves. We compared the phonon DOS of the bce Fe-Cr alloys to the composite phonon DOS from appropriate fractions of the phonon DOS of the pure metals Fe and Cr. In the high-temperature limit, we obtained the vibrational entropy of mixing of Fe and Cr to be 0.141, 0.201, and 0.214 k(B)/atom for alloys of Fe70Cr30, Fe53Cr47, and Fe30Cr70, respectively, with the disordered solid solution having the larger vibrational entropy. Some expected effects of vibrational entropy on the chemical unmixing transformation in Fe-Cr are discussed. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP FULTZ, B (reprint author), CALTECH,MAIL 138-78,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 31 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3280 EP 3285 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3280 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200044 ER PT J AU FULTZ, B ANTHONY, L NAGEL, LJ NICKLOW, RM SPOONER, S AF FULTZ, B ANTHONY, L NAGEL, LJ NICKLOW, RM SPOONER, S TI PHONON DENSITIES OF STATES AND VIBRATIONAL ENTROPIES OF ORDERED AND DISORDERED NI3AL SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 1ST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATION; LATTICE-DYNAMICS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; DISPERSION CURVES; PHASE-DIAGRAM; ALLOYS; CU; AG; KINETICS; SYSTEMS AB We performed inelastic neutron-scattering measurements on powdered Ni3Al. The alloy was prepared in two states of chemical order: (1) with equilibrium L1(2) order, and (2) with disorder (the material was a fee solid solution prepared by high-energy ball milling). Procedures to convert the energy loss spectra into approximate phonon density of states (DOS) curves for Ni3Al in the two states of chemical order were guided by Born-von Karman analyses with force constants obtained from previous single-crystal experiments on L Ii-ordered Ni,AI and fee Ni metal. The main difference in the phonon DOS of the ordered and disordered alloys occurs near 39 meV, the energy of a peak arising from optical modes in the ordered alloy. These high-frequency optical modes involve primarily the vibrations of the aluminum-rich sublattice. The disordered alloy, which does not have such a sublattice, shows much less intensity at this energy. This difference in the phonon DOS around 39 meV is the main contributor to the difference in vibrational entropy of disordered and ordered Ni3Al, which we estimate to be S-vib(dis)-S-vib(ord) = (+0.2+/-0.1)k(B)/atom at high temperatures. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. RP FULTZ, B (reprint author), CALTECH,MAIL 138-78,PASADENA,CA 91125, USA. NR 46 TC 103 Z9 104 U1 3 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3315 EP 3321 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3315 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200048 ER PT J AU THIO, T BENNETT, JW THURSTON, TR AF THIO, T BENNETT, JW THURSTON, TR TI SURFACE AND BULK MAGNETIC-PROPERTIES OF PYRITE NIS2 - MAGNETIZATION AND NEUTRON-SCATTERING STUDIES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID WEAK FERROMAGNETISM AB In pyrite-structure antiferromagnetic NiS2, the magnetic susceptibility (chi)(T) shows downward curvature above the Neel transition (T-N1 = 39.2 K), suggesting that magnetic correlations persist to T = 400 K. However, neutron-scattering measurements indicate that the bulk magnetic behavior above T-N1 is conventional. We present evidence that the unusual temperature dependence of (chi)(T) arises from a surface contribution. At T-N2 = 29.75 K a transition occurs to a weakly ferromagnetic state, accompanied by a small structural distortion. We show that this distortion is not tetragonal as suggested previously, but is most likely rhombohedral. Below T-N2, chi(T) is anisotropic; our data suggest that in this range (chi)(T) is dominated by next-nearest-neighbor exchange interactions. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973. RP THIO, T (reprint author), NEC RES INST,4 INDEPENDENCE WAY,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. NR 18 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3555 EP 3560 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3555 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200078 ER PT J AU TRANQUADA, JM LORENZO, JE BUTTREY, DJ SACHAN, V AF TRANQUADA, JM LORENZO, JE BUTTREY, DJ SACHAN, V TI COOPERATIVE ORDERING OF HOLES AND SPINS IN LA2NIO4.125 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID 2-DIMENSIONAL HUBBARD-MODEL; MAGNETIC CORRELATIONS; NEUTRON-SCATTERING; PHASE-SEPARATION; HARTREE-FOCK; FERMI-LIQUID; MONTE-CARLO; INCOMMENSURATE; LA1.8SR0.2NIO4; LA2NIO4+DELTA AB La2NiO4.125 exhibits a cooperative ordering of dopant-induced holes and Ni spins below a transition temperature of 110 K. There is also an ordering of interstitial oxygens that occurs near room temperature. We present a comprehensive analysis of experimentally observed superlattice intensities in terms of structural models, justifying previous identifications. The model for the interstitial order involves a 3a x 5b x 5c unit cell with an ideal interstitial density of delta = 2/15 per formula unit. In the spin and charge ordered state, the magnetic moments are sinusoidally modulated within the NiO2 planes. The moments point transverse to the modulation direction, with nearest neighbors antiparallel, and have a maximum amplitude that is > 80% of that observed in undoped La2NiO4. A corresponding modulation of atomic positions within NiO2 planes involves breathing-mode distortions consistent with a modulation of the charge density. The results are compared with theoretical models and with experimental observations on related systems. C1 UNIV DELAWARE,DEPT CHEM ENGN,NEWARK,DE 19716. RP TRANQUADA, JM (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,DEPT PHYS,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Tranquada, John/A-9832-2009 OI Tranquada, John/0000-0003-4984-8857 NR 41 TC 165 Z9 165 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3581 EP 3595 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3581 PG 15 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200082 ER PT J AU CRESPI, VH COHEN, ML AF CRESPI, VH COHEN, ML TI SCATTERING MECHANISMS IN RB-DOPED SINGLE-CRYSTAL C-60 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-TRANSPORT; ANHARMONIC PHONONS; K3C60; SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; RB3C60; FULLERENES; STATES; CONDUCTIVITY; RESISTIVITY; TEMPERATURE AB The temperature-dependent resistivity of Rb-doped single-crystal C-60 is analyzed within Bloch-Boltzmann transport theory yielding values of the electron-phonon coupling constant Consistent with a superconducting T-c approximate to 30 K and isotope effect exponent alpha approximate to 0.37 as long as the coupling is not primarily to the on-ball phonons of highest frequency. Disparate sources of information regarding the absolute magnitude of the resistivity are discussed in an attempt to form a more unified picture of the normal state and superconducting properties of both K-doped and Rb-doped C-60. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV MAT SCI,BERKELEY,CA 94720. RP CRESPI, VH (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. OI Crespi, Vincent/0000-0003-3846-3193 NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3619 EP 3623 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3619 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200087 ER PT J AU CHO, BK XU, M CANFIELD, PC MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC AF CHO, BK XU, M CANFIELD, PC MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC TI MAGNETIC AND SUPERCONDUCTING PROPERTIES OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL TMNI2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TERNARY BORIDES; TC AB The temperature (T) and applied magnetic field (H) dependent magnetization has been measured for a single crystal of TmNi2B2C in order to study the interplay of superconductivity and the magnetism of the Tm sublattice. The normal-state magnetization of TmNi2B2C is anisotropic from 2 to 300 K with the magnetic field applied normal to the c axis (H perpendicular to c) leading to a smaller induced magnetization than the magnetization for the magnetic field applied parallel to the c axis (H parallel to c). This anisotropy is attributed to crystalline electric field (CEF) splitting of the J=6 manifold of the Tm+3 ion. From the inverse susceptibility [1/chi(T)] for H parallel to c and H perpendicular to c, the CEF parameter, B-2(0), is found to be (-1.15+/-0.02) K. The superconducting state magnetization for H approximate to H-c2(T) obeys the Ginzburg-Landau theory which is used to evaluate the upper critical magnetic field H-c2(T) and dH(c2)/dT\T-c values. The superconducting properties in this temperature region are similar to those of the nonmagnetic superconductor YNi2B2C, which has been shown to be an isotropic conventional type-II superconductor. For T less than or equal to 6 K, H-c2(T) shows highly anisotropic behavior: H(c2)(perpendicular to c)approximate to 2H(c2)(parallel to c). For both H parallel to c and H perpendicular to c, H-c2(T) reaches a broad maximum near 4 K and decreases as T approaches T-N=(1.52+/-0.05) K, indicating the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism. The broad maximum in H-c2( T) of TmNi2B2C is likely a result of the increasing Tm sublattice magnetization at H-c2(T) with decreasing temperature, rather than of antiferromagnetic fluctuations. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. RP CHO, BK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 32 TC 120 Z9 120 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3676 EP 3683 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3676 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200094 ER PT J AU CHO, BK CANFIELD, PC MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC BEYERMANN, WP YATSKAR, A AF CHO, BK CANFIELD, PC MILLER, LL JOHNSTON, DC BEYERMANN, WP YATSKAR, A TI MAGNETISM AND SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN SINGLE-CRYSTAL ERNI2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURES; BORIDES; FIELD AB The resistivity rho(ab)(T) and anisotropic magnetization M(T) of ErNi2B2C crystals were measured as a function of applied magnetic field (H) from 2 to 300 K to study the magnetic and superconducting properties with H parallel and perpendicular to the c axis (H parallel to c and H perpendicular to c). Low-temperature specific-heat measurements for H=0 show a lambda-shaped anomaly associated with antiferromagnetic (AF) ordering at T-N=(5. 85+/-0.15) K. The rho(ab)(T) and M(T) data show a superconducting transition at T-c=10.5 K, long-range AF ordering at T-N=6.0 K, and coexistence of superconductivity and antiferromagnetism below T-N From the rho(ab)( T) and M(T) data, the T-N was found to be independent of H up to H=20 kG for H parallel to c, whereas for H perpendicular to c T-N decreased as similar to H-2 from 6.0 K at H=0 to T-N=3.2 K at H=18 kG. The M(T) data show a change in the easy axis direction from H parallel to c above 150 to H perpendicular to c below 150 K. This change in anisotropy is associated with the anomalously small magnitude of the crystalline electric field B-2(0) term. The superconducting upper critical magnetic fields H-c2(T) for H parallel to c and H perpendicular to c, determined from M(T) and rho(ab)(H,T) data, show anomalies for both field orientations near T-N. However, the local minimum of H-c2(T) near T-N, Seen previously for both H perpendicular to c and H parallel to c in a HoNi2B2C crystal, was found only for H parallel to c in ErNi2B2C. This anisotropy in H-c2(T) is likely a result of the anisotropy of the Er sublattice magnetization, specifically the anisotropy of T-N(H). The depth of the local minimum in H-c2 for H parallel to c for ErNi2B2C near T-N is comparable to the one for HoNi2B2C at 5 K. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,AMES,IA 50011. UNIV CALIF RIVERSIDE,DEPT PHYS,RIVERSIDE,CA 92521. RP CHO, BK (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Canfield, Paul/H-2698-2014 NR 37 TC 220 Z9 221 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3684 EP 3695 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3684 PG 12 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200095 ER PT J AU WANG, Q SAUNDERS, GA ALMOND, DP CANKURTARAN, M GORETTA, KC AF WANG, Q SAUNDERS, GA ALMOND, DP CANKURTARAN, M GORETTA, KC TI ELASTIC AND NONLINEAR ACOUSTIC PROPERTIES OF YBA2CU3O7-X CERAMICS WITH DIFFERENT OXYGEN CONTENTS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; ULTRASONIC DETERMINATION; ANELASTIC RELAXATION; PRESSURE DEPENDENCES; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LOW-TEMPERATURE; BULK MODULUS; CONSTANTS; GPA; GDBA2CU3O7-X AB The effects of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on the velocities of longitudinal and shear ultrasonic waves propagated in ceramic samples of YBa2Cu3O6.3, YBa2Cu3O6.6, and YBa2Cu3O6.94 have been measured, to examine the effects of oxygen content and ordering on the elastic and nonlinear acoustic properties of YBa2Cu3O7-x. Corrections have been made by several methods for the effects of sample porosity and microcracking on the elastic properties. Temperature and pressure dependence of the ultrasonic characteristics are compared. The elastic moduli of YBa2Cu3O6.3 and YBa2Cu3O6.94 show normal behavior with temperature in accord with a phenomenological model of vibrational anharmonicity dawn to 40 and 100 K, respectively. Particularly marked elastic stiffening has been found in the temperature dependence of the elastic moduli of YBa2Cu3O6.6 with decreasing temperature from 270 to 200 K. It is suggested that the origin of this distinctive feature is a relaxation process of oxygen-atom hopping and formation of localized orthorhombic I phase within this orthorhombic II compound. The pressure derivatives of the natural velocities and bulk modulus of YBa2Cu3O6.3, YBa2Cu3O6.6, and YBa2Cu3O6.94 tend to decrease with increasing oxygen content. Using the results obtained in this work and some data published previously, we have shown that the pressure derivative (partial derivative B-s/partial derivative P)P=0 of the adiabatic bulk modulus of YBa2Cu3O7-x is correlated strongly with sample porosity and decreases approximately linearly with decreasing n/P-m, the ratio of porosity n to the maximum applied pressure P-m. We have also shown that values of the mean acoustic mode Gruneisen parameter gamma(el) of ceramic superconducting compounds, determined by ultrasonic measurements, have a linear relationship with the porosity n. The effects of oxygen contents on the pressure derivative (partial derivative B-S/partial derivative P)P=0 of YBa2Cu3O7-x are also discussed. C1 UNIV BATH, SCH MAT SCI, BATH BA2 7AY, AVON, ENGLAND. HACETTEPE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ANKARA 06532, TURKEY. ARGONNE NATL LAB, DIV ENERGY TECHNOL, ARGONNE, IL 60439 USA. RP UNIV BATH, SCH PHYS, CLAVERTON DOWN, BATH BA2 7AY, AVON, ENGLAND. NR 64 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9950 EI 2469-9969 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 5 BP 3711 EP 3726 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3711 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RN562 UT WOS:A1995RN56200098 ER PT J AU DONNELLY, SE BIRTCHER, RC TEMPLIER, C VISHNYAKOV, V AF DONNELLY, SE BIRTCHER, RC TEMPLIER, C VISHNYAKOV, V TI RESPONSE OF HELIUM BUBBLES IN GOLD TO DISPLACEMENT-CASCADE DAMAGE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID IRRADIATION; DIFFUSION; DENSITY; METALS; NI AB Evolution of He bubbles in Au has been followed with in situ electron microscopy during 400 keV Ar ion irradiation at 500 K. He bubbles were produced by implantation at 500 K of 3 keV He ions into prethinned Au samples that were then annealed to 670 K. During Ar irradiation, bubbles undergo athermal migration, coalescence, and disintegration. The bubbles after annealing were underpressurized, bur Ar irradiation brought the bubbles to equilibrium pressure after a dose of 0.6 displacements per atom (dpa). Bubble behavior can be understood on the basis of their interactions with adjacent cascades. We propose that a discrete bubble jump is induced by the melt zone formed during the thermal spike phase of a contiguous cascade. The rate of bubble migration is modeled with the assumption that the jump distance is determined by the bubble and cascade volumes. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI,ARGONNE,IL 60439. UNIV POITIERS,MET PHYS LAB,F-86022 POITIERS,FRANCE. RP DONNELLY, SE (reprint author), UNIV SALFORD,SCI RES INST,JOULE LAB,SALFORD M5 4WT,LANCS,ENGLAND. OI Donnelly, Stephen/0000-0002-9749-5550; Vishnyakov, Vladimir/0000-0003-3045-3134 NR 33 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 3970 EP 3975 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.3970 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500029 ER PT J AU MORRIS, JR WANG, CZ HO, KM AF MORRIS, JR WANG, CZ HO, KM TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STRUCTURE AND CONDUCTIVITY IN LIQUID CARBON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TEMPERATURE PHASE-DIAGRAM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; ELEMENTAL CARBON; AMORPHOUS-CARBON; HIGH-PRESSURE; DIAMOND AB We have performed extensive simulations of liquid carbon at various densities, using a highly transferable tight-binding model of carbon. In contrast to some recent theoretical suggestions, we show that the low-density liquid is primarily twofold bonded. Such a bonding arrangement leads to a low conductivity, compared to the primarily sp(2) bonded liquid that occurs at intermediate densities. This is in qualitative agreement with experiments that show that for pressures less than 100 kbar, the conductivity of liquid carbon increases with density. At high densities, the. liquid is mainly tetrahedrally bonded, and the conductivity then decreases with increasing density. RP MORRIS, JR (reprint author), IOWA STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,US DEPT ENERGY,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011, USA. RI Morris, J/I-4452-2012 OI Morris, J/0000-0002-8464-9047 NR 29 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 4138 EP 4145 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4138 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500048 ER PT J AU DAVIDS, PS AF DAVIDS, PS TI LYAPUNOV EXPONENT AND TRANSFER-MATRIX SPECTRUM OF THE RANDOM BINARY ALLOY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DIMENSIONAL ANDERSON MODEL; SHORT-RANGED IMPURITIES; CONDUCTING POLYMERS; LOCALIZATION; DISORDER; ABSENCE; POLYACETYLENE; LATTICES AB The one-dimensional Anderson model with binary distributed onsite disorder is investigated using the transfer-matrix approach. The random matrix product is transformed into an iterated conformal map and the convergence of the mapping is studied for various values of the concentration of onsite impurities and the energy. For dilute impurity concentrations the convergence of the mapping is strongly energy dependent and exhibits interesting behavior in the complex mapping plane. As the impurity concentration increases the mapping converges to the unit circle which results from the underlying conformal structure. Explicit expressions for the Lyapunov exponent and the eigenvalues of the transfer matrix are obtained in terms of the conformal map. From the Lyapunov exponent, the localization length and the integrated density of states are calculated. In the dilute limit there exist states in which the localization length exceeds the system size. These states correspond to extended electronic states and it is shown that the number of extended states scales with system size as N-extended proportional to N-2. Increasing the impurity concentration beyond a critical value destroys these states and the localization length over the entire energy range becomes smaller than the system size. RP DAVIDS, PS (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV MAT SCI & TECHNOL,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. RI Davids, Paul/D-1550-2010 NR 21 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 4146 EP 4155 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4146 PG 10 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500049 ER PT J AU KANG, JS SOHN, JG HONG, JH HWANG, DW JEONG, JI BENNING, PJ OLSON, CG MIN, BI AF KANG, JS SOHN, JG HONG, JH HWANG, DW JEONG, JI BENNING, PJ OLSON, CG MIN, BI TI PHOTOEMISSION-STUDY OF VALENCE-ELECTRONS IN LA(CO1-XFEX)(13) (X=0,0.2) SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID TRANSITION-METALS; RARE-EARTH; INTERMETALLIC COMPOUNDS; 2-ELECTRON RESONANCES; BAND PHOTOEMISSION; CE; PR; DENSITY; STATES; LA AB The electronic structure of La(Co-1-Fe-x(x))(13) (x = 0, 0.2) has been investigated by using photoemission spectroscopy. The La 5d and T 3d (T = Fe, Co) partial spectral weights (PSW's) are extracted and compared with the calculated angular-momentum-projected densities of states (PLDOS's). No Co 3d satellite is observed, implying a weak Co 3d Coulomb correlation in this system. La 5d emissions exhibit a weak enhancement near the La 4d absorption edge, from which the La 5d PSW's of La(Co1-xFex)(13) (x = 0, 0.2) have been extracted. For a given x in La(Co1-xFex)(13), the overall features of the La 5d PSW, such as bandwidths and long tails, are rather similar to those of the T 3d PSW, indicating large hybridization between the T 3d and La 5d states. The experimental Co 3d and La 5d PSW's of LaCo13 show a large disagreement with the calculated PLDOS's. With a substitution of Fe for Co, the PSW's of La(Co1-xFex)(13) remain nearly unchanged between x = 0 and 0.2, which is contradictory to the predicted changes in the PLDOS's obtained in the rigid-band scheme. This finding suggests a breakdown of a simple rigid-band approximation in La(Co1-xFex)(13), which is probably due to a large hybridization bonding between Co and Fe 3d electrons. C1 IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES LAB,AMES,IA 50011. POHANG UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,DEPT PHYS,POHANG 790784,SOUTH KOREA. RP KANG, JS (reprint author), RES INST IND SCI & TECHNOL,POHANG 790600,SOUTH KOREA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 4360 EP 4365 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4360 PG 6 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500075 ER PT J AU ERIKSSON, O AHUJA, R ORMECI, A TRYGG, J HJORTSTAM, O SODERLIND, P JOHANSSON, B WILLS, JM AF ERIKSSON, O AHUJA, R ORMECI, A TRYGG, J HJORTSTAM, O SODERLIND, P JOHANSSON, B WILLS, JM TI BULK AND SURFACE MAGNETISM AND INTERPLANAR SPACINGS IN GD FROM FIRST-PRINCIPLES CALCULATIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID DENSITY APPROXIMATION; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; GD(0001) SURFACE; BRILLOUIN-ZONE; SPECIAL POINTS; METAL; BAND; EXCHANGE; SYSTEMS; STATE AB The magnetic ground state of bulk Gd and surface Gd is investigated by means of first-principles calculations based on the local-spin-density approximation. Good agreement between theory and experiment is found for all calculated bulk properties only if we treat the 4f states as core electrons. For the bulk calculations we also studied the effect of the generalized gradient correction to the potential, and also good agreement between theory and experiment was found only when we treated the 4f states as core electrons. At compressed volumes we predict that bulk Gd should become antiferromagnetic. Our calculations reproduce the experimentally determined, ferromagnetic alignment between the surface and subsurface layers of Gd (0001), as well as a similar to 0.13 Angstrom inward relaxation of the surface layer. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. RP ERIKSSON, O (reprint author), UNIV UPPSALA,DEPT PHYS,CONDENSED MATTER THEORY GRP,BOX 530,S-75121 UPPSALA,SWEDEN. RI Ormeci, Alim/F-1082-2012; Eriksson, Olle/E-3265-2014 OI Ormeci, Alim/0000-0001-5468-3378; Eriksson, Olle/0000-0001-5111-1374 NR 40 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 4420 EP 4426 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4420 PG 7 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500082 ER PT J AU KIM, YC THOMPSON, JR CHRISTEN, DK SUN, YR PARANTHAMAN, M SPECHT, ED AF KIM, YC THOMPSON, JR CHRISTEN, DK SUN, YR PARANTHAMAN, M SPECHT, ED TI SURFACE BARRIERS, IRREVERSIBILITY LINE, AND PANCAKE VORTICES IN AN ALIGNED HGBA2CA2CU3O8+DELTA SUPERCONDUCTOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TC SUPERCONDUCTORS; CU-O SYSTEM; LATTICE; 130-K AB The irreversible magnetic properties of a magnetically aligned HgBa2Ca2Cu3O8+delta superconductor have been investigated as a function of temperature and magnetic field, for both H parallel to c axis and H parallel to ab plane. Experimental results for the magnetic hysteresis Delta M, the field of first flux penetration H-p, and the irreversibility line with H parallel to c are well described by recent theory [L. Burlachkov et al., Phys. Rev. B 50, 16770 (1994)] for thermally activated penetration of a surface barrier by pancake vortices. Near 85 K, the system crosses over from two-dimensional to three-dimensional line vortices, from which we extract estimates for the mass anisotropy parameter epsilon. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV SOLID STATE,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV CHEM & ANALYT SCI,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV MET & CERAM,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. PUSAN NATL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PUSAN 609735,SOUTH KOREA. RP KIM, YC (reprint author), UNIV TENNESSEE,DEPT PHYS,KNOXVILLE,TN 37996, USA. RI Christen, David/A-9709-2008; Specht, Eliot/A-5654-2009; Paranthaman, Mariappan/N-3866-2015 OI Specht, Eliot/0000-0002-3191-2163; Paranthaman, Mariappan/0000-0003-3009-8531 NR 23 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 4438 EP 4445 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4438 PG 8 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500085 ER PT J AU SIGNORE, PJC ANDRAKA, B MEISEL, MW BROWN, SE FISK, Z GIORGI, AL SMITH, JL GROSSALLTAG, F SCHUBERTH, EA MENOVSKY, AA AF SIGNORE, PJC ANDRAKA, B MEISEL, MW BROWN, SE FISK, Z GIORGI, AL SMITH, JL GROSSALLTAG, F SCHUBERTH, EA MENOVSKY, AA TI INDUCTIVE MEASUREMENTS OF UPT3 IN THE SUPERCONDUCTING STATE SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID MAGNETIC-FIELD PENETRATION; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; PHASE-DIAGRAM; BULK SUPERCONDUCTIVITY; DEPTH MEASUREMENTS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SPIN RELAXATION; SKIN DEPTH; HEAT; UBE13 AB The inductive response of several UPt3 samples obtained from four different materials-fabrication groups has been measured from 50 to 700 mK at frequencies varying between 32 Hz and 33 MHz. The temperature dependence of the penetration depth, lambda(T), is presented for each sample. The low-frequency (less than or equal to 4.7 kHz) data suggest a linear temperature dependence of lambda( T/T-c less than or equal to 0.5) for the samples possessing a double feature near the superconducting transition temperature T-c. We have verified that this double feature present in lambda(T) for some of the samples corresponds to the double jump observed in the specific heat. On the other hand, lambda(T/T-c less than or equal to 0.5) is found to have a quadratic temperature dependence for unannealed specimens which exhibit only a single transition at T-c. The linear temperature dependence of lambda(T) is consistent with the presence of line nodes in the basal plane, while the quadratic dependence found for other samples suggests that impurity scattering dominates in these specimens. The double transition in lambda(T) has been studied in magnetic fields up to 1.6 T, and the resulting phase diagram is consistent with the one constructed from thermodynamical measurements. The high-frequency (greater than or equal to 3 MHz) data suggest lambda(T/T-c less than or equal to 0.5)proportional to T-eta, where 2 less than or equal to eta less than or equal to 4. The possible origins of the frequency dependence of lambda(T) ale discussed, as well as the effect of the surface quality on eta. C1 UNIV FLORIDA,CTR ULTRALOW TEMP RES,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611. UNIV CALIF LOS ANGELES,DEPT PHYS,LOS ANGELES,CA 90024. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. WALTHER MEISSNER INST TIEFTEMP FORSCH,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. UNIV AMSTERDAM,NAT KUNDIG LAB,1018 XE AMSTERDAM,NETHERLANDS. RP SIGNORE, PJC (reprint author), UNIV FLORIDA,DEPT PHYS,215 WILLIAMSON HALL,POB 118440,GAINESVILLE,FL 32611, USA. NR 68 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0163-1829 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 6 BP 4446 EP 4461 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.52.4446 PG 16 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA RQ075 UT WOS:A1995RQ07500086 ER PT J AU CHO, BK CANFIELD, PC JOHNSTON, DC AF CHO, BK CANFIELD, PC JOHNSTON, DC TI ONSET OF SUPERCONDUCTIVITY IN THE ANTIFERROMAGNETICALLY ORDERED STATE OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL DYNI2B2C SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Note AB Temperature-dependent static magnetization, Be magnetic susceptibility, and electrical-resistivity measurements of single-crystal DyNi2B2C reveal bulk superconductivity below T-c=(6.2+/-0.1) K. This T-c is well below the Neel temperature T-N=10.3 K. DyNi2B2C is the first RNi(2)B(2)C compound with T-c(ij), the interaction action in the P-ij = 0 rest frame, and the ''boost interaction'' delta nu(P-ij) which depends upon the total momentum P-ij and vanishes in the rest frame. The delta nu can be regarded as a sum of four terms: delta nu(RE), delta nu(LC), delta nu(TP), and delta nu(QM); the first three originate from the relativistic energy-momentum relation, Lorentz contraction, and Thomas precession, while the last is purely quantum. The contributions of delta nu(RE) and delta nu(LC) have been previously calculated with the variational Monte Carlo method for H-3 and He-4. In this paper we report the results of similar calculations for the contributions of delta nu(TP) and delta nu(QM). These are found to be rather small. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,DIV THEORET,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. CEBAF,THEORY GRP,NEWPORT NEWS,VA 23606. OLD DOMINION UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NORFOLK,VA 23529. RP FOREST, JL (reprint author), UNIV ILLINOIS,DEPT PHYS,1110 W GREEN ST,URBANA,IL 61801, USA. NR 8 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 576 EP 577 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.576 PG 2 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700020 ER PT J AU DENG, JK MA, WC HAMILTON, JH RAMAYYA, AV KORMICKI, J GAO, WB ZHAO, X SHI, DT LEE, IY GARRETT, JD JOHNSON, NR WINCHELL, D HALBERT, M BAKTASH, C AF DENG, JK MA, WC HAMILTON, JH RAMAYYA, AV KORMICKI, J GAO, WB ZHAO, X SHI, DT LEE, IY GARRETT, JD JOHNSON, NR WINCHELL, D HALBERT, M BAKTASH, C TI NEW HIGH-SPIN BAND STRUCTURES IN HG-184 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI; STATES AB The high-spin states in Hg-184 have been investigated via the Gd-154 (S-32,4n) reaction at a beam energy of 160 MeV, with an array of Compton suppressed Ge detectors in the Spin Spectrometer at HHIRF. The ground state oblate band and excited prolate band were extended to 10(+) and 26(+), respectively, and seven new bands are observed. A new band with odd spins, 13 to 25, has a much larger moment of inertia than the other bands in Hg-184. Two of the new bands feed the prolate excited band and are interpreted as quadrupole vibrational bands. Also, two new signature partner bands are observed for which the configuration of nu i(13/2)f(7/2) is proposed. The similarity of the band with odd spins to the band with intermediate deformation (beta(2) similar to 0.34) in Hg-186, and signature partner bands to the bands observed in 104 isotones Os-180 and Pt-182, is discussed. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,DIV PHYS,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. NR 13 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 595 EP 603 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.595 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700022 ER PT J AU BERNSTEIN, LA CIZEWSKI, JA JIN, HQ YOUNES, W HENRY, RG FARRIS, LP CHAROS, A CARPENTER, MP JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL LAURITSEN, T BEARDEN, IG YE, D BECKER, JA HENRY, EA BRINKMAN, MJ HUGHES, JR KUHNERT, A WANG, TF STOYER, MA DIAMOND, RM STEPHENS, FS DELEPLANQUE, MA MACCHIAVELLI, AO LEE, IY CEDERWALL, B OLIVEIRA, JRB BURDE, J FALLON, P DUYAR, C DRAPER, JE RUBEL, E VO, DT AF BERNSTEIN, LA CIZEWSKI, JA JIN, HQ YOUNES, W HENRY, RG FARRIS, LP CHAROS, A CARPENTER, MP JANSSENS, RVF KHOO, TL LAURITSEN, T BEARDEN, IG YE, D BECKER, JA HENRY, EA BRINKMAN, MJ HUGHES, JR KUHNERT, A WANG, TF STOYER, MA DIAMOND, RM STEPHENS, FS DELEPLANQUE, MA MACCHIAVELLI, AO LEE, IY CEDERWALL, B OLIVEIRA, JRB BURDE, J FALLON, P DUYAR, C DRAPER, JE RUBEL, E VO, DT TI ONSET OF COLLECTIVITY IN NEUTRON-DEFICIENT PO-196,PO-198 SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID NUCLEI AB We have studied via in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy Po-196 and Po-198, which are the first neutron-deficient Po isotopes to exhibit a collective low-lying structure. The ratios of yrast state energies and the E2 branching ratios of transitions from non-yrast to yrast states are indicative of a low-lying vibrational structure. The onset of collective motion in these isotopes can be attributed to the opening of the neutron i(13/2) orbital at N approximate to 112 and the resulting large overlap between the two valence protons in the h(9/2) orbital and the valence neutrons in the i(13/2) orbital. C1 ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439. LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550. LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. PURDUE UNIV,W LAFAYETTE,IN 47907. UNIV NOTRE DAME,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DAVIS,CA 95616. IOWA STATE UNIV SCI & TECHNOL,AMES,IA 50011. RP BERNSTEIN, LA (reprint author), RUTGERS STATE UNIV,NEW BRUNSWICK,NJ 08903, USA. RI Oliveira, Jose Roberto/J-3124-2012; Cederwall, Bo/M-3337-2014; Bearden, Ian/M-4504-2014; Carpenter, Michael/E-4287-2015 OI Oliveira, Jose Roberto/0000-0003-1362-7382; Cederwall, Bo/0000-0003-1771-2656; Bearden, Ian/0000-0003-2784-3094; Carpenter, Michael/0000-0002-3237-5734 NR 16 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 621 EP 627 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.621 PG 7 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700025 ER PT J AU CHU, SY RASMUSSEN, JO STOYER, MA CANTO, LF DONANGELO, R RING, P AF CHU, SY RASMUSSEN, JO STOYER, MA CANTO, LF DONANGELO, R RING, P TI MULTIBAND THEORY FOR HEAVY-ION NEUTRON-PAIR TRANSFER AMONG DEFORMED GD NUCLEI SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID 2-NEUTRON TRANSFER; COULOMB-EXCITATION; ROTATING NUCLEI AB In this paper our microscopic wave functions for Gd isotopes are applied to calculating neutron-pair transfer probabilities in heavy-ion collisions. The similar to 2600-term wave functions come from Hamiltonian matrix diagonalization of systems of 12 Nilsson neutron orbitals, nearly half-filled. We use the lowest five bands in initial and final nuclei and calculate transfer for all even spins from 0 through 30. Results for the sudden approximation (infinite moment-of-inertia) for neutron-pair extraction from Gd-156 by Ni-58 at near Coulomb barrier energy, and extraction by Pb-206 are shown. Next neutron-pair deposition by the Ni and Pb projectiles is calculated. Finally, a finite moment-of-inertia semiclassical calculation is formulated and performed on the Gd-156 + Pb-206 system for n-pair transfer in both directions. The results are compared with experimental results. It is clear that the inclusion of the additional bands above the lowest two is important. Theory and experiment agree qualitatively on the rise of population above the yrast line at higher spins. C1 UNIV FED RIO DE JANEIRO,BR-21945 RIO JANEIRO,BRAZIL. TECH UNIV MUNICH,D-85748 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP CHU, SY (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY NATL LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. RI Canto, Luiz /I-3733-2012; Ring, Peter/O-1638-2015 NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 685 EP 696 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.685 PG 12 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700031 ER PT J AU GUGLIELMETTI, A BONETTI, R POLI, G PRICE, PB WESTPHAL, AJ JANAS, Z KELLER, H KIRCHNER, R KLEPPER, O PIECHACZEK, A ROECKL, E SCHMIDT, K PLOCHOCKI, A SZERYPO, J BLANK, B AF GUGLIELMETTI, A BONETTI, R POLI, G PRICE, PB WESTPHAL, AJ JANAS, Z KELLER, H KIRCHNER, R KLEPPER, O PIECHACZEK, A ROECKL, E SCHMIDT, K PLOCHOCKI, A SZERYPO, J BLANK, B TI IDENTIFICATION OF THE NEW ISOTOPE BA-114 AND SEARCH FOR ITS ALPHA-RADIOACTIVITY AND CLUSTER RADIOACTIVITY SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article AB Using the on-line mass separator at the Gesellschaft fur Schwerionenforschung Unilac we produced Ba-114 through the Ni-58(Ni-58,2n)Ba-114 reaction and measured its production cross section to be 0.20(-0.09)(+0.13)mu b. The new isotope Ba-114 represents the heaviest N = Z + 2 nucleus known to date. With Delta E-E telescopes we measured the total (beta-decay) half-life to be T-beta = 0.43(-0.15)(+0.30) s and the partial alpha-decay half-life to be T-alpha greater than or equal to 1.2 x 10(2) s (1 MeV less than or equal to E(alpha) less than or equal to 4 MeV) for Ba-114. With track detectors we found a half-life for spontaneous C-12 emission T-C greater than or equal to 1.1 x 10(3) s based on three carbon events. C1 IST NAZL FIS NUCL,MILAN,ITALY. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. GESELL SCHWERIONENFORSCH INST DARMSTADT,D-64220 DARMSTADT,GERMANY. UNIV WARSAW,INST EXPTL PHYS,PL-00681 WARSAW,POLAND. KATHOLIEKE UNIV LEUVEN,INST KERN & STRALINGSFYS,B-3001 LOUVAIN,BELGIUM. CEN BORDEAUX GRADIGNAN,F-33175 GRADIGNAN,FRANCE. RP GUGLIELMETTI, A (reprint author), UNIV MILAN,IST FIS GEN APPLICATA,MILAN,ITALY. NR 22 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 740 EP 743 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.740 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700038 ER PT J AU SCARPACI, JA CHAN, Y DIGREGORIO, D HARMON, BA POULIOT, J STOKSTAD, RG SURO, J AF SCARPACI, JA CHAN, Y DIGREGORIO, D HARMON, BA POULIOT, J STOKSTAD, RG SURO, J TI CENTRAL COLLISIONS IN THE O-16+C-12 REACTION AT 32.5 MEV/NUCLEON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PHOSWICH DETECTOR; PERIPHERAL COLLISIONS; O-16 PROJECTILES; MEV NUCLEON; PARTICLES; EXCITATION AB Central collisions of O-16 on a C-12 target have been studied at 32.5 MeV/A. An analysis in terms of incomplete fusion followed by statistical decay is presented and the main channels for the incomplete fusion are extracted for this reaction. A detailed study of the specific channel, 5He+2H, shows a good agreement with a statistical decay of the Mg-24 parent nucleus while a multifragmentation model predicts a larger sphericity for these events. C1 INST PHYS NUCL LYON,F-91406 ORSAY,FRANCE. COMIS NACL ENERGIA ATOM,DEPT FIS,TANDAR,RA-1429 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. NASA,GEORGE C MARSHALL SPACE FLIGHT CTR,SPACE SCI LAB,HUNTSVILLE,AL 35812. UNIV LAVAL,PHYS NUCL LAB,QUEBEC CITY,PQ G1K 7P4,CANADA. UNIV NACL AUTONOMA MEXICO,INST FIS,MEXICO CITY 01000,DF,MEXICO. RP SCARPACI, JA (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 764 EP 774 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.764 PG 11 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700041 ER PT J AU BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O DUEK, E FATYGA, M FOX, D GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS DASILVA, NC SIMONGILLO, J SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAGUI, EM TAKAI, H THROWE, TG WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLF, K WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C AF BARRETTE, J BELLWIED, R BRAUNMUNZINGER, P CLELAND, WE DAVID, G DEE, J DIETZSCH, O DUEK, E FATYGA, M FOX, D GREENE, SV HALL, JR HEMMICK, TK HERRMANN, N HONG, B JAYANANDA, K KRAUS, D KUMAR, BS LACASSE, R LISSAUER, D LLOPE, WJ LUDLAM, T MARK, SK MCCORKLE, S MITCHELL, JT MUTHUSWAMY, M OBRIEN, E PRUNEAU, C ROTONDO, FS DASILVA, NC SIMONGILLO, J SONNADARA, U STACHEL, J TAKAGUI, EM TAKAI, H THROWE, TG WATERS, L WINTER, C WOLF, K WOLFE, D WOODY, CL XU, N ZHANG, Y ZHANG, Z ZOU, C TI PRODUCTION OF NEUTRON-RICH ISOTOPES FROM THE FRAGMENTATION OF SI-28 PROJECTILES AT P(LAB)=14.6 GEV/C PER NUCLEON SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; GIANT-DIPOLE RESONANCE; ELECTROMAGNETIC DISSOCIATION; CROSS-SECTIONS; MOMENTUM DISTRIBUTIONS; ENERGY; MULTIPLICITY; CALORIMETER; EXCITATION; TARGETS AB An investigation of the production of neutron-rich isotopes from the fragmentation of Si-28 projectiles at p(lab)=14.6 GeV/c per nucleon was performed using the BNL-AGS-E814 spectrometer. We have measured the inclusive production cross sections of neutron-rich fragments (He-6, He-8, Li-8, Li-9, Be-10, Be-11, and B-13). We have also measured the transverse momentum distributions for He-6 and Li-9, and the forward and transverse energy distributions associated with He-6 production. The momentum distributions were analyzed in the context of the Goldhaber model. The question of whether the fragments are produced in the decay of the projectile following its electromagnetic excitation was also investigated. C1 LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. MCGILL UNIV,MONTREAL,PQ,CANADA. UNIV NEW MEXICO,ALBUQUERQUE,NM 87131. UNIV PITTSBURGH,PITTSBURGH,PA 15260. SUNY STONY BROOK,STONY BROOK,NY 11794. UNIV SAO PAULO,BR-05508 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. TEXAS A&M UNIV,COLLEGE STN,TX 77843. YALE UNIV,NEW HAVEN,CT 06511. RP BARRETTE, J (reprint author), BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB,UPTON,NY 11973, USA. RI Sonnadara, Upul/E-6359-2010; Takai, Helio/C-3301-2012; Duek, Eliana/J-2499-2012; OI Takai, Helio/0000-0001-9253-8307; Sonnadara, Upul/0000-0001-7862-2537 NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 956 EP 963 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.956 PG 8 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700058 ER PT J AU FIELDS, DE SULLIVAN, JP SIMONGILLO, J VANHECKE, H JACAK, BV XU, N AF FIELDS, DE SULLIVAN, JP SIMONGILLO, J VANHECKE, H JACAK, BV XU, N TI RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CORRELATION-FUNCTION FIT PARAMETERS AND SOURCE DISTRIBUTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID HEAVY-ION COLLISIONS; QUANTUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; QUARK-GLUON PLASMA; PION INTERFEROMETRY; NUCLEAR COLLISIONS AB We review the method of two-particle intensity interferometry, define appropriate techniques to make the comparison between RQMD source distributions and correlation function fit parameters, and compare these to results from CERN experiments NA44 and NA35. The fit parameters are investigated as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum and are found to depend on the collision dynamics. Although position-momentum correlations invalidate the naive interpretation of the correlation function fit parameters as source sizes, we use a dynamical model to extract this information and identify a region in rapidity and transverse momentum where the dynamical effects are minimized. RP FIELDS, DE (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 23 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 986 EP 994 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.986 PG 9 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700061 ER PT J AU JOHNSON, MB KISSLINGER, LS AF JOHNSON, MB KISSLINGER, LS TI DELTA(1232) IN NUCLEI AND QCD SUM-RULES SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID RESONANCE PHYSICS; MATTER; DYNAMICS AB We show how pion-nucleus scattering data can be used to constrain four-quark in-medium matrix elements, whose uncertainty is currently the most important problem inhibiting the use of QCD sum rules to study hadrons in nuclear matter, a problem related to early-universe phase transitions. We take an important step towards determining the matrix elements by extracting a value for a particular linear combination using the Isobar-Doorway model propagator of the in-medium Delta(1232) and a QCD sum rule analysis of both the free and in-medium Delta. C1 CARNEGIE MELLON UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PITTSBURGH,PA 15213. RP JOHNSON, MB (reprint author), LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,POB 1663,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545, USA. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1022 EP 1027 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1022 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700063 ER PT J AU WIETFELDT, FE NORMAN, EB CHAN, YD DACRUZ, MTF GARCIA, A HALLER, EE HANSEN, WL HINDI, MM LARIMER, RM LESKO, KT LUKE, PN STOKSTAD, RG SUR, B ZLIMEN, I AF WIETFELDT, FE NORMAN, EB CHAN, YD DACRUZ, MTF GARCIA, A HALLER, EE HANSEN, WL HINDI, MM LARIMER, RM LESKO, KT LUKE, PN STOKSTAD, RG SUR, B ZLIMEN, I TI FURTHER-STUDIES ON THE EVIDENCE FOR A 17-KEV NEUTRINO IN A C-14 DOPED GERMANIUM DETECTOR SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID 17 KEV NEUTRINO; TRITIUM BETA-DECAY; HEAVY NEUTRINOS; SEARCH; S-35; SPECTRUM; LIMITS; EMISSION; ADMIXTURE; SPACE AB We have studied the beta spectrum of C-14 using a unique C-14-doped germanium detector. In 1991 an initial report was made of a distortion in the spectrum that could be explained by the emission of a 17-keV neutrino in approximately 1% of the decays. Further tests have shown that the observed distortion was most likely caused by systematic effects related to the detector's active guard ring. A new measurement with a smaller data sample shows no sign of this distortion. In addition, we find the Q value of C-14 decay to be 155.95 +/-0.07 (stat.) +/-0.21 (sys.) keV, in disagreement with a previous precision measurement. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT PHYS,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV SAO PAULO,INST PHYS,BR-05508 SAO PAULO,BRAZIL. UNIV NOTRE DAME,DEPT PHYS,NOTRE DAME,IN 46556. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,DEPT MAT SCI & MINERAL ENGN,BERKELEY,CA 94720. TENNESSEE TECHNOL UNIV,DEPT PHYS,COOKEVILLE,TN 38505. RP WIETFELDT, FE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1028 EP 1040 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1028 PG 13 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700064 ER PT J AU CONZETT, HE AF CONZETT, HE TI TESTS OF TIME-REVERSAL INVARIANCE IN NUCLEAR AND PARTICLE PHYSICS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Article ID PROTON-PROTON-SCATTERING; BETA-DECAY; VIOLATION; SEARCH AB There is a theorem that states that there can be no null test of time-reversal invariance (T symmetry) in exclusive reactions; that is, T symmetry does not require any single observable to vanish. This theorem is extended to inclusive reactions. Also, a general argument, that an experimental observable vanishes from T symmetry if a corresponding operator changes sign under time reversal, is shown to be invalid. RP CONZETT, HE (reprint author), UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,DIV NUCL SCI,1 CYCLOTRON RD,BERKELEY,CA 94720, USA. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1041 EP 1046 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1041 PG 6 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700065 ER PT J AU DESWINIARSKI, R GLASHAUSSER, C JONES, K PHAM, DL AF DESWINIARSKI, R GLASHAUSSER, C JONES, K PHAM, DL TI DIRAC ANALYSIS OF DEFORMATION PARAMETERS IN THE C-12((P)OVER-RIGHT-ARROW,P')C-12 REACTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID COUPLED-CHANNELS ANALYSIS; GEV POLARIZED PROTONS; INELASTIC-SCATTERING; OPTICAL-MODEL; C-12; SCHRODINGER; MG-24 AB The cross-section and analyzing power data for the inelastic scattering of polarized protons to the first 2(+) and 4(+) states of C-12 between 200 MeV and 800 MeV have been analyzed through relativistic Dirac coupled-channels calculations. Although considerably better agreement with the data has been obtained compared to previous nonrelativistic Schrodinger calculations, no better determination of the deformation parameters could be obtained. Deformations (both quadrupole and hexadecapole) are almost unchanged over this energy interval and agree with previous results. C1 UNIV GRENOBLE 1,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. RUTGERS STATE UNIV,DEPT PHYS,PISCATAWAY,NJ 08855. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. RP DESWINIARSKI, R (reprint author), INST NUCL SCI,IN2P3,F-38026 GRENOBLE,FRANCE. NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1110 EP 1113 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.1110 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700073 ER PT J AU BLANPIED, G BLECHER, M CARACAPPA, A DJALALI, C DUVAL, MA GIORDANO, G HICKS, K HOBLIT, S KHANDAKER, M KISTNER, OC MATONE, G MICELI, L MIZE, WK PREEDOM, BM REBREYEND, D SANDORFI, AM SCHAERF, C SEALOCK, RM THORN, CE THORNTON, ST VAZIRI, K WHISNANT, CS ZHAO, X WILHELM, P ARENHOVEL, H AF BLANPIED, G BLECHER, M CARACAPPA, A DJALALI, C DUVAL, MA GIORDANO, G HICKS, K HOBLIT, S KHANDAKER, M KISTNER, OC MATONE, G MICELI, L MIZE, WK PREEDOM, BM REBREYEND, D SANDORFI, AM SCHAERF, C SEALOCK, RM THORN, CE THORNTON, ST VAZIRI, K WHISNANT, CS ZHAO, X WILHELM, P ARENHOVEL, H TI NEW MEASUREMENTS OF H-2((GAMMA)OVER-RIGHT-ARROW,P)N AND SPIN PROBLEMS IN COUPLED N-DELTA/NN INTERACTIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION; DEUTERON PHOTODISINTEGRATION; INTERMEDIATE ENERGIES; POLARIZED PHOTONS; RESONANCE REGION; OBSERVABLES; THRESHOLD; SYSTEMS AB New precision measurements of the H-2(<(gamma)over right arrow>,p)n reaction taken with tagged polarized photons, and covering a wide angular range, are presented for incident energies between 113 and 315 MeV. In the region of the Delta resonance, the photodisintegration observables can potentially be used to probe the N Delta interaction. Coupled-channel calculations are in agreement with cross sections measured with linear polarization parallel to the reaction plane but fail to account for data taken with perpendicular kinematics. C1 BROOKHAVEN NATL LAB, DEPT PHYS, UPTON, NY 11973 USA. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, LAB NAZL FRASCATI, FRASCATI, ITALY. UNIV ROMA TOR VERGATA, ROME, ITALY. IST NAZL FIS NUCL, ROME, ITALY. UNIV VIRGINIA, DEPT PHYS, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903 USA. VIRGINIA POLYTECH INST & STATE UNIV, DEPT PHYS, BLACKSBURG, VA 24061 USA. RENSSELAER POLYTECH INST, TROY, NY 12180 USA. OHIO UNIV, DEPT PHYS, ATHENS, OH 45701 USA. UNIV GRENOBLE 1, INST NATL PHYS NUCL & PHYS PARTICULES, INST NUCL SCI, F-38026 GRENOBLE, FRANCE. UNIV MAINZ, INST KERNPHYS, D-55099 MAINZ, GERMANY. RP UNIV S CAROLINA, DEPT PHYS, COLUMBIA, SC 29208 USA. NR 22 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 2469-9985 EI 2469-9993 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP R455 EP R459 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.R455 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700003 ER PT J AU CHEN, CM ERNST, DJ JIANG, MF JOHNSON, MB AF CHEN, CM ERNST, DJ JIANG, MF JOHNSON, MB TI PION-NUCLEUS SCATTERING AND BARYON RESONANCES IN THE NUCLEAR MEDIUM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID QCD SUM-RULES; ELASTIC-SCATTERING; 800 MEV/C; MATTER; K+; PHYSICS; MODEL; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE AB Pion-nucleus total cross sections are examined for pion laboratory kinetic energies between 400 MeV and 1 GeV. Modifications by the nuclear medium of the dominant D-13(1520) and F-15(1680) excited hadrons are investigated. Fermi motion and multiple scattering are found to broaden significantly the peaks in the cross section. Additional broadening as determined from a model of photon-nucleus total cross sections is found to further reduce the cross sections and increase the discrepancy between theory and data. The discrepancy, nearly energy-independent and of the order of 15-20 %, can be accounted for if one assumes the nuclear medium causes a 31-42 % increase in the strength of the pion-nucleon interaction in all channels. C1 VANDERBILT UNIV,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,NASHVILLE,TN 37235. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87544. RP CHEN, CM (reprint author), NATL TAIWAN UNIV,TAIPEI 10764,TAIWAN. NR 45 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP R485 EP R489 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.R485 PG 5 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700010 ER PT J AU REHM, KE PAUL, M ROBERTS, AD BLUMENTHAL, DJ GEHRING, J HENDERSON, D JIANG, CL NICKLES, J NOLEN, J PARDO, RC SCHIFFER, JP SEGEL, RE AF REHM, KE PAUL, M ROBERTS, AD BLUMENTHAL, DJ GEHRING, J HENDERSON, D JIANG, CL NICKLES, J NOLEN, J PARDO, RC SCHIFFER, JP SEGEL, RE TI STUDY OF THE F-18(P,ALPHA)O-15 REACTION AT ASTROPHYSICAL ENERGIES USING A F-18 BEAM SO PHYSICAL REVIEW C LA English DT Note ID SEPARATION AB For the first time the F-18(p,alpha)O-15 reaction has been studied with a F-18 beam at energies which are of interest to explosive nucleosynthesis. Utilizing the gas-filled magnet technique a clean identification of the reaction products was achieved. A resonance with spin 3/2(+) at an equivalent c.m. energy of 660 keV dominates the yield. C1 HEBREW UNIV JERUSALEM,IL-91904 JERUSALEM,ISRAEL. UNIV WISCONSIN,MADISON,WI 53706. NORTHWESTERN UNIV,EVANSTON,IL 60208. RP REHM, KE (reprint author), ARGONNE NATL LAB,ARGONNE,IL 60439, USA. NR 17 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2813 J9 PHYS REV C JI Phys. Rev. C PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP R460 EP R463 DI 10.1103/PhysRevC.52.R460 PG 4 WC Physics, Nuclear SC Physics GA RQ227 UT WOS:A1995RQ22700004 ER PT J AU SCHUB, MH JANSEN, DM MISHRA, CS HO, PM BROWN, CN CAREY, TA CHEN, YC CHILDERS, R COOPER, WE DARDEN, CW GIDAL, G GOUNDER, KN ISENHOWER, LD JEPPESEN, RG KAPLAN, DM KAPUSTINSKY, JS KIANG, GC KOWITT, MS LANE, DW LEDERMAN, LM LEITCH, MJ LILLBERG, JW LUEBKE, WR LUK, KB MCGAUGHEY, PL MOSS, JM PENG, JC PRESTON, RS PRIPSTEIN, D SA, J SADLER, ME SCHNATHORST, R TANIKELLA, V TENG, PK WILSON, JR AF SCHUB, MH JANSEN, DM MISHRA, CS HO, PM BROWN, CN CAREY, TA CHEN, YC CHILDERS, R COOPER, WE DARDEN, CW GIDAL, G GOUNDER, KN ISENHOWER, LD JEPPESEN, RG KAPLAN, DM KAPUSTINSKY, JS KIANG, GC KOWITT, MS LANE, DW LEDERMAN, LM LEITCH, MJ LILLBERG, JW LUEBKE, WR LUK, KB MCGAUGHEY, PL MOSS, JM PENG, JC PRESTON, RS PRIPSTEIN, D SA, J SADLER, ME SCHNATHORST, R TANIKELLA, V TENG, PK WILSON, JR TI MEASUREMENT OF J/PSI AND PSI' PRODUCTION IN 800 GEV/C PROTON-GOLD COLLISIONS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID S = 27.4; HADRONIC COLLISIONS; NUCLEUS COLLISIONS; GLUONS; DEPENDENCE AB With a data sample containing 1.1 x 10(5) J/psi --> mu(+)mu(-) decays reconstructed with 16 MeV/c(2) rms mass resolution, we have measured the differential cross sections versus Feynman-x, rapidity, and p(T) for the production of J/psi and psi' in 800 GeV/c p-Au collisions. Our results are compared with leading-order QCD predictions and with previous measurements. While the shapes of the cross sections are in qualitative agreement with QCD predictions, the magnitudes disagree by factors of 7 (J/psi) and 25 (psi'). Assuming an appropriate form for the differential cross sections in regions not measured, we derive a total J/psi production cross section sigma(p + N --> J/psi + X) = 442 +/- 2 +/- 88 nb/nucleon and a (model-dependent) total psi' cross section sigma(p + N --> psi' + X) = 75 +/- 5 +/- 22 nb/nucleon. For J/psi produced at central rapidity, d sigma(p + N --> J/psi + X)/dy\(y=0) = 230 +/- 5 +/- 46 nb/nucleon. C1 UNIV CHICAGO,CHICAGO,IL 60637. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,BATAVIA,IL 60510. UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,BERKELEY,CA 94720. NATL CHENG KUNG UNIV,TAINAN 70101,TAIWAN. UNIV S CAROLINA,COLUMBIA,SC 29208. ABILENE CHRISTIAN UNIV,ABILENE,TX 79699. NO ILLINOIS UNIV,DE KALB,IL 60115. ACAD SINICA,INST PHYS,TAIPEI,TAIWAN. NR 43 TC 90 Z9 91 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1307 EP 1315 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.1307 PG 9 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RM617 UT WOS:A1995RM61700001 ER PT J AU FENG, JL PESKIN, ME MURAYAMA, H TATA, X AF FENG, JL PESKIN, ME MURAYAMA, H TATA, X TI TESTING SUPERSYMMETRY AT THE NEXT LINEAR COLLIDER SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID STANDARD MODEL; Z0 DECAYS; SEARCH; PARTICLES; PHYSICS AB Up to now, almost all discussion of supersymmetry at future colliders has been concerned with particle searches. However, if candidates for supersymmetric particles are found, there is much more that we will want to know about them. Supersymmetry predicts quantitative relations among the couplings and masses of supersymmetric particles. We discuss the prospects for testing such relations at a future e(+)e(-) linear collider, using measurements that exploit the availability of polarized beams. Precision tests from chargino production are investigated in two representative cases, and sfermion and neutralino processes are also discussed. C1 UNIV CALIF BERKELEY,LAWRENCE BERKELEY LAB,THEORET PHYS GRP,BERKELEY,CA 94720. UNIV HAWAII,DEPT PHYS & ASTRON,HONOLULU,HI 96822. RP FENG, JL (reprint author), STANFORD UNIV,STANFORD LINEAR ACCELERATOR CTR,STANFORD,CA 94309, USA. RI Murayama, Hitoshi/A-4286-2011 NR 36 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1418 EP 1432 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.1418 PG 15 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RM617 UT WOS:A1995RM61700011 ER PT J AU GIELE, WT GLOVER, EWN KOSOWER, DA AF GIELE, WT GLOVER, EWN KOSOWER, DA TI INCLUSIVE 2-JET TRIPLY DIFFERENTIAL CROSS-SECTION SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Article ID HIGHER-ORDER CORRECTIONS; QCD AB We study the inclusive two jet triply differential cross section d(3) sigma/dE(T)d eta(1)d eta(2) at Fermilab energies. Different eta(1) and eta(2) pseudorapidity regions are directly related to both the parton level matrix elements and the parton densities at leading order. We present the next-to-leading order [O(alpha(s)(3))] corrections and show that the shape of the distribution at fixed transverse energy E(T) is a particularly powerful tool for constraining the parton distributions at small to moderate x values. We investigate the renormalization and/or factorization scale uncertainty present in the normalization and shape of the distribution at next-to-leading order. We discuss specific slices of the distribution, the same-side/opposite-side ratio, and the signed pseudorapidity distribution in detail and compare them with preliminary experimental data. C1 UNIV DURHAM,DEPT PHYS,DURHAM DH1 3LE,ENGLAND. CTR ETUD SACLAY,SERV PHYS THEOR,F-91191 GIF SUR YVETTE,FRANCE. RP GIELE, WT (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. RI Glover, Edward/A-4597-2012 OI Glover, Edward/0000-0002-0173-4175 NR 17 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1486 EP 1499 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.1486 PG 14 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RM617 UT WOS:A1995RM61700017 ER PT J AU EICHTEN, EJ QUIGG, C AF EICHTEN, EJ QUIGG, C TI QUARKONIUM WAVE-FUNCTIONS AT THE ORIGIN SO PHYSICAL REVIEW D LA English DT Note ID FRAGMENTATION; CHARMONIUM; MESON; B(C) AB We tabulate values of the radial Schrodinger wave function or its first nonvanishing derivative at zero quark-antiquark separation, for c (c) over bar, c (b) over bar, and b (b) over bar levels that lie below, or just above, the flavor threshold. These quantities are essential inputs for evaluating production cross sections for quarkonium states. C1 CORNELL UNIV,FLOYD R NEWMAN LAB NUCL STUDIES,ITHACA,NY 14853. RP EICHTEN, EJ (reprint author), FERMILAB NATL ACCELERATOR LAB,DEPT THEORET PHYS,POB 500,BATAVIA,IL 60510, USA. NR 31 TC 258 Z9 261 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0556-2821 J9 PHYS REV D JI Phys. Rev. D PD AUG 1 PY 1995 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1726 EP 1728 DI 10.1103/PhysRevD.52.1726 PG 3 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Physics GA RM617 UT WOS:A1995RM61700045 ER PT J AU POSCH, HA HOOVER, WG KUM, O AF POSCH, HA HOOVER, WG KUM, O TI STEADY-STATE SHEAR FLOWS VIA NONEQUILIBRIUM MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS AND SMOOTH-PARTICLE APPLIED MECHANICS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID FLUID AB We stimulate both microscopic and macroscopic shear flows in two space dimensions using nonequilibrium molecular dynamics and smooth-particle applied mechanics. The time-reversible microscopic equations of motion are isomorphic to the smooth-particle description of inviscid macroscopic continuum mechanics. The corresponding microscopic particle interactions are relatively weak and long ranged. Though conventional Green-Kubo theory suggests instability or divergence in two-dimensional flows, we successfully define and measure a finite shear viscosity coefficient by simulating stationary plane Couette flow. The special nature of the weak long-ranged smooth-particle functions corresponds to an unusual kind of microscopic transport. This microscopic analog is mainly kinetic, even at high density. For the soft Lucy potential which we use in the present work, nearly all the system energy is potential, but the resulting shear viscosity is nearly all kinetic. We show that the measured shear viscosities can be understood, in terms of a simple weak-scattering model, and that this understanding is useful in assessing the usefulness of continuum simulations using the smooth-particle method. We apply that method to the Rayleigh-Benard problem of thermally driven convection in a gravitational field. C1 LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. UNIV CALIF DAVIS,DEPT APPL SCI,LIVERMORE,CA 94551. RP POSCH, HA (reprint author), UNIV VIENNA,INST EXPTL PHYS,BOLTZMANNGASSE 5,A-1090 VIENNA,AUSTRIA. NR 27 TC 49 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1711 EP 1720 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.1711 PG 10 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RQ377 UT WOS:A1995RQ37700054 ER PT J AU BEIERSDORFER, P OSTERHELD, AL PHILLIPS, TW BITTER, M HILL, KW VONGOELER, S AF BEIERSDORFER, P OSTERHELD, AL PHILLIPS, TW BITTER, M HILL, KW VONGOELER, S TI HIGH-RESOLUTION MEASUREMENT, LINE IDENTIFICATION, AND SPECTRAL MODELING OF THE K-BETA SPECTRUM OF HELIUM-LIKE AR16+ SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRONIC SATELLITE SPECTRA; ALPHA RESONANCE LINE; TEST-REACTOR PLASMAS; X-RAY SPECTROSCOPY; ALCATOR-C TOKAMAK; COMPLEX SPECTRA; EXCITED-STATES; HE-LIKE; IONS; DENSITY AB High-resolution crystal spectrometer measurements of the K beta spectrum of heliumlike Ar16+ covering the wavelength region from 3.34 to 3.50 Angstrom are presented and compared with detailed theoretical analyses. The measurements were made on the Princeton Large Torus tokamak and test the theoretical atomic data in the low-density limit at an electron density n(e) less than or equal to 2X10(13) cm(-3) and temperature T-e= 2.3 keV. Satellite transitions of the type 1s(2)2l-1s2l3l' and 1s(2)3l-1s3l3l' from lithiumlike Ar15+ and 1s(2)l2l'-1s2l2l'2l '' are identified that are produced by either dielectronic recombination or electron-impact excitation. Good overall agreement between the predicted and measured intensities of the strong dielectronic satellites is found. The agreement demonstrates the utility of K beta spectra as a diagnostic of the electron temperature of low-density plasmas, such as those found in the Sun or magnetic fusion facilities. Poorer agreement is found for the weaker dielectronic satellite transitions, including the 1s3l3l' satellites that play an important role in the analysis of high-density plasma produced in laser fusion. Their intensity is underestimated by the calculations by about 50%. Moreover, it is shown that direct electron-impact excitation rates underestimate the relative intensity of the 1s(21)S(O)-1s2p P-3(1) transition in heliumlike Ar16+ by a factor of 2, indicating the need for including additional excitation processes and possible blends with high-lying dielectronic satellites of the type 1s(2)nl'-1s(2)nl'-ls31nl' with n greater than or equal to 4 in the theoretical models. C1 PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,PRINCETON,NJ 08543. RP BEIERSDORFER, P (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 35 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1980 EP 1992 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.1980 PG 13 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RQ377 UT WOS:A1995RQ37700084 ER PT J AU FARENGO, R SOBEHART, JR AF FARENGO, R SOBEHART, JR TI DETERMINATION OF MINIMUM-DISSIPATION STATES WITH SELF-CONSISTENT RESISTIVITY IN MAGNETIZED PLASMAS SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Note ID RELAXATION AB A calculation of minimum-dissipation states is presented, where the resistivity profile is made consistent with the resulting current and magnetic-field profiles. Helicity balance and constant toroidal flux are imposed as constraints, and it is assumed that the resistivity and thermal conductivity have a classical dependence upon temperature, with a constant factor multiplying the latter to account for anomalous heat transport. Our results are in general agreement with the profiles expected for reversed field pinches. An iterative method is employed to calculate the resistivity and current and magnetic-field profiles that minimize the dissipation. C1 COMIS NACL ENERGIA ATOM,RA-1429 BUENOS AIRES,DF,ARGENTINA. LOS ALAMOS NATL LAB,CTR NONLINEAR STUDIES,LOS ALAMOS,NM 87545. NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1063-651X J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD AUG PY 1995 VL 52 IS 2 BP 2102 EP 2105 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.52.2102 PG 4 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA RQ377 UT WOS:A1995RQ37700099 ER PT J AU KERSTEIN, AR CREMER, MA MCMURTRY, PA AF KERSTEIN, AR CREMER, MA MCMURTRY, PA TI SCALING PROPERTIES OF DIFFERENTIAL MOLECULAR-DIFFUSION EFFECTS IN TURBULENCE SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID TRANSPORT AB Scaling properties of a normalized concentration difference in a turbulent flow containing two scalars of unequal diffusivity are determined by similarity analysis and numerical simulation. Similarity hypotheses applied to the power spectrum of the normalized concentration difference, termed the differential diffusion, yield predicted dependences of the variance of the differential diffusion on the turbulence Reynolds number (Re) and on the Schmidt numbers (Sc) of the scalars. In particular, the variance is found to be proportional to Re--1/2 This and other predictions are supported by numerical simulations of multiple scalar mixing using a one-dimensional stochastic mixing model. The analysis and numerical results indicate fundamental distinctions between the physical mechanisms governing the scalar spectral cascade and those governing spectral transfer of the differential diffusion. The relationships of predicted scalings to passive mixing measurements that have been reported and to behaviors expected in reacting flow are noted. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV UTAH,DEPT MECH ENGN,SALT LAKE CITY,UT 84112. RP KERSTEIN, AR (reprint author), SANDIA NATL LABS,COMBUST RES FACIL,LIVERMORE,CA 94551, USA. NR 15 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD AUG PY 1995 VL 7 IS 8 BP 1999 EP 2007 DI 10.1063/1.868511 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA RL706 UT WOS:A1995RL70600017 ER PT J AU WHITE, RB FREDRICKSON, E DARROW, D ZARNSTORFF, M WILSON, R ZWEBEN, S HILL, K CHEN, Y FU, GY AF WHITE, RB FREDRICKSON, E DARROW, D ZARNSTORFF, M WILSON, R ZWEBEN, S HILL, K CHEN, Y FU, GY TI TOROIDAL ALFVEN EIGENMODE-INDUCED RIPPLE TRAPPING SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID PLASMAS AB Toroidal Alfven eigenmodes are shown to be capable of inducing ripple trapping of high-energy particles in tokamaks, causing intense localized particle loss. The effect has been observed in TFTR [R. Hawryluk, Plasma Phys. Controlled Fusion 33, 1509 (1991)]. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP WHITE, RB (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08540, USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 9 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 2871 EP 2873 DI 10.1063/1.871452 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600001 ER PT J AU WHITE, RB BOOZER, AH AF WHITE, RB BOOZER, AH TI RAPID GUIDING CENTER CALCULATIONS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB Pseudo-Cartesian coordinates are used to represent the magnetic field and toroidal ripple magnitudes in a Hamiltonian guiding center formalism. The resulting code ORBITX is three to eight times as fast as previous guiding center codes. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 COLUMBIA UNIV,DEPT APPL PHYS,NEW YORK,NY 10027. MAX PLANCK INST PLASMA PHYS,W-8046 GARCHING,GERMANY. RP WHITE, RB (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. RI White, Roscoe/D-1773-2013 OI White, Roscoe/0000-0002-4239-2685 NR 8 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 2915 EP 2919 DI 10.1063/1.871191 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600007 ER PT J AU LIN, Z TANG, WM LEE, WW AF LIN, Z TANG, WM LEE, WW TI GYROKINETIC PARTICLE SIMULATION OF NEOCLASSICAL TRANSPORT SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID NUMERICAL-SIMULATION; BOOTSTRAP CURRENT; FLUCTUATIONS; STELLARATORS; CONFINEMENT; PLASMAS; TOKAMAK AB A time varying weighting (delta f) scheme for gyrokinetic particle simulation is applied to a steady-state, multispecies simulation of neoclassical transport. Accurate collision operators conserving momentum and energy are developed and implemented. Simulation results using these operators are found to agree very well with neoclassical theory. For example, it is dynamically demonstrated that like-particle collisions produce no particle flux and that the neoclassical fluxes are ambipolar for an ion-electron plasma. An important physics feature of the present scheme is the introduction of toroidal flow to the simulations. Simulation results are in agreement with the existing analytical neoclassical theory. The poloidal electric field associated with toroidal mass howls found to enhance density gradient-driven electron particle flux and the bootstrap current while reducing temperature gradient-driven flux and current. Finally, neoclassical theory in steep gradient profile relevant to the edge regime is examined by taking into account finite banana width effects. In general, in the present work a valuable new capability for studying important aspects of neoclassical transport inaccessible by conventional analytical calculation processes is demonstrated. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP LIN, Z (reprint author), PRINCETON UNIV,PRINCETON PLASMA PHYS LAB,POB 451,PRINCETON,NJ 08543, USA. NR 19 TC 88 Z9 88 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 2975 EP 2988 DI 10.1063/1.871196 PG 14 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600014 ER PT J AU VANMILLIGEN, BP SANCHEZ, E ESTRADA, T HIDALGO, C BRANAS, B CARRERAS, B GARCIA, L AF VANMILLIGEN, BP SANCHEZ, E ESTRADA, T HIDALGO, C BRANAS, B CARRERAS, B GARCIA, L TI WAVELET BICOHERENCE - A NEW TURBULENCE ANALYSIS TOOL SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID REFLECTOMETRY; FLUCTUATIONS; STELLARATOR; SPECTRUM; PLASMAS; MODE AB A recently introduced tool for the analysis of turbulence, wavelet bicoherence [van Milligen, Hidalgo, and Sanchez, Phys. Rev. Lett. 16, 395 (1995)], is investigated. It is capable of detecting phase coupling-nonlinear interactions of the lowest (quadratic) order-with time resolution. To demonstrate its potential, it is applied to numerical models of chaos and turbulence and to real measurements. It detected the coupling interaction between two coupled van der Pol oscillators. When applied to a model of drift wave turbulence relevant to plasma physics, it detected a highly localized coherent structure. Analyzing reflectometry measurements made in fusion plasmas, it detected temporal intermittency and a strong increase in nonlinear phase coupling coinciding with the L/H (low-to-high confinement mode) transition. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831. UNIV CARLOS III,MADRID,SPAIN. RP VANMILLIGEN, BP (reprint author), CIEMAT,ASOC EURATOM,MADRID,SPAIN. RI Sanchez, Edilberto/D-4620-2009; Garcia, Luis/A-5344-2015; van Milligen, Boudewijn/H-5121-2015; Estrada, Teresa/N-9048-2016; Hidalgo, Carlos/H-6109-2015 OI Sanchez, Edilberto/0000-0003-1062-7870; Garcia, Luis/0000-0002-0492-7466; van Milligen, Boudewijn/0000-0001-5344-6274; Estrada, Teresa/0000-0001-6205-2656; NR 31 TC 139 Z9 139 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 3017 EP 3032 DI 10.1063/1.871199 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600017 ER PT J AU NEWMAN, DE CARRERAS, BA DIAMOND, PH AF NEWMAN, DE CARRERAS, BA DIAMOND, PH TI THE EFFECT OF AN EXTERNAL TORQUE ON LOW TO HIGH CONFINEMENT TRANSITIONS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article AB A number of experiments have attempted, with varying degrees of success, to influence the low to high confinement mode (L-H) transition through the application of an external flow shear forcing mechanism. In order to theoretically describe this type of experiment, an external torque is included in the phase transition model of Diamond et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 72, 2965 (1994)] for the L-H bifurcation. These equations exhibit a bifurcation between an L-mode fixed point and an II-mode fixed point with variation of a critical parameter, corresponding to the edge gradient, across a threshold value. With the addition of the external torque [from biased limiter, probe, or radio frequency (rf) wave], the character of the transition changes in a manner analogous to the addition of an external magnetic field to a ferromagnetic material. In addition to the change in the transition dynamics, there is a marked decrease in the threshold level. In this simple model, the decrease in threshold level is proportional to the applied torque to the two-thirds power, in approximate functional agreement with that seen by some experiments. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. C1 UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO,LA JOLLA,CA 92093. RP NEWMAN, DE (reprint author), OAK RIDGE NATL LAB,OAK RIDGE,TN 37831, USA. NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 3044 EP 3048 DI 10.1063/1.871201 PG 5 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600019 ER PT J AU RAMBO, PW PROCASSINI, RJ AF RAMBO, PW PROCASSINI, RJ TI A COMPARISON OF KINETIC AND MULTIFLUID SIMULATIONS OF LASER-PRODUCED COLLIDING PLASMAS SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID COLLISIONAL SHOCK-WAVE; TRANSPORT; FLUID; MODEL AB The amount of interpenetration and stagnation in counterstreaming laser-produced plasmas is investigated via a kinetic model and a multifluid model in one-dimensional planar geometry. Each of these models can evolve multiple ion species in the self-consistent electrostatic field with Coulomb collisional interaction. The two approaches are applied to various colliding plasma systems, ranging from simple homogeneous slowing-down and temperature-equilibration problems to colliding plasmas characteristic of laser irradiated thin foils and thick disks. In particular, direct comparisons are made between the kinetic formulation and the multifluid model with various approximations for the multifluid collisional coupling coefficients. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB, POB 808, LIVERMORE, CA 94551 USA. NR 28 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 1305 WALT WHITMAN RD, STE 300, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-664X EI 1089-7674 J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 3130 EP 3145 DI 10.1063/1.871145 PG 16 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600030 ER PT J AU YANG, TYB KRUER, WL MORE, RM LANGDON, AB AF YANG, TYB KRUER, WL MORE, RM LANGDON, AB TI ABSORPTION OF LASER-LIGHT IN OVERDENSE PLASMAS BY SHEATH INVERSE BREMSSTRAHLUNG SO PHYSICS OF PLASMAS LA English DT Article ID X-RAY GENERATION; PULSES; TARGETS AB The original sheath inverse bremsstrahlung model [P. J. Catto and R. M. More, Phys. Fluids 20, 704 (1977)] is modified by including the vxB term in the equation of motion, as the evanescent magnetic field in an overdense plasma is greater than the corresponding electric field. It is shown that the present results are significantly different from those derived without the vxB term. The vxB term is also important in interpreting the absorption mechanism. If the vxB term were neglected, the absorption of the light would be incorrectly interpreted as an increase in the transverse components of the canonical momentum, in the case of a normally incident laser light. It is also shown that both the sheath inverse bremsstrahlung and the anomalous skin effect are limiting cases of the same collisionless absorption mechanism. Results from particle-in-cell (PIG) plasma simulations are compared with the absorption coefficient calculated from the linear theory. Finally, the effects of finite density gradients are investigated by PIC simulations. (C) 1995 American Institute of Physics. RP YANG, TYB (reprint author), LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NATL LAB,LIVERMORE,CA 94550, USA. NR 24 TC 76 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI WOODBURY PA CIRCULATION FULFILLMENT DIV, 500 SUNNYSIDE BLVD, WOODBURY, NY 11797-2999 SN 1070-664X J9 PHYS PLASMAS JI Phys. Plasmas PD AUG PY 1995 VL 2 IS 8 BP 3146 EP 3154 DI 10.1063/1.871146 PG 9 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA RM616 UT WOS:A1995RM61600031 ER EF