FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Lauenroth, WK
Schlaepfer, DR
Bradford, JB
AF Lauenroth, W. K.
Schlaepfer, D. R.
Bradford, J. B.
TI Ecohydrology of Dry Regions: Storage versus Pulse Soil Water Dynamics
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE semiarid; water balance; grassland; shrubland; storage; pulse
ID SHORTGRASS STEPPE; PRECIPITATION PULSES; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA;
VEGETATION STRUCTURE; FUNCTIONAL TYPES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA;
SAGEBRUSH; MODEL; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
AB Although arid and semiarid regions are defined by low precipitation, the seasonal timing of temperature and precipitation can influence net primary production and plant functional type composition. The importance of precipitation seasonality is evident in semiarid areas of the western U.S., which comprise the Intermountain (IM) zone, a region that receives important winter precipitation and is dominated by woody plants and the Great Plains (GP), a region that receives primarily summer precipitation and is dominated by perennial grasses. Although these general relationships are well recognized, specific differences in water cycling between these regions have not been well characterized. We used a daily time step soil water simulation model and twenty sites from each region to analyze differences in soil water dynamics and ecosystem water balance. IM soil water patterns are characterized by storage of water during fall, winter, and spring resulting in relatively reliable available water during spring and early summer, particularly in deep soil layers. By contrast, GP soil water patterns are driven by pulse precipitation events during the warm season, resulting in fluctuating water availability in all soil layers. These contrasting patterns of soil water-storage versus pulse dynamics-explain important differences between the two regions. Notably, the storage dynamics of the IN sites increases water availability in deep soil layers, favoring the deeper rooted woody plants in that region, whereas the pulse dynamics of the Great Plains sites provide water primarily in surface layers, favoring the shallow-rooted grasses in that region. In addition, because water received when plants are either not active or only partially so is more vulnerable to evaporation and sublimation than water delivered during the growing season, IM ecosystems use a smaller fraction of precipitation for transpiration (47%) than GP ecosystems (49%). Recognizing the pulse-storage dichotomy in soil water regimes between the IM and GP regions may be useful for understanding the potential influence of climate changes on soil water patterns and resulting dominant plant functional groups in both regions.
C1 [Lauenroth, W. K.; Schlaepfer, D. R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Bradford, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Lauenroth, WK (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
EM wlauenro@uwyo.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Schlaepfer, Daniel/D-1756-2009
OI Schlaepfer, Daniel/0000-0001-9973-2065
FU University of Wyoming; USDA Forest Service; US Department of Interior
Geologic Survey
FX We thank Kyle Taylor for assistance with the maximum likelihood
analysis. The work was made possible by funding from the University of
Wyoming, the USDA Forest Service, and the US Department of Interior
Geologic Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 59
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
EI 1435-0629
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 8
BP 1469
EP 1479
DI 10.1007/s10021-014-9808-y
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7SP
UT WOS:000345137900012
ER
PT J
AU Omernik, JM
Griffith, GE
AF Omernik, James M.
Griffith, Glenn E.
TI Ecoregions of the Conterminous United States: Evolution of a
Hierarchical Spatial Framework
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecoregions; Spatial frameworks; Ecosystem management; Regionalization;
United States; North America
ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; WATER-QUALITY MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL REGIONS;
ECOSYSTEM MANAGEMENT; GREAT-PLAINS; USA; ECOREGIONALIZATION;
CLASSIFICATION; PERSPECTIVES; DELINEATION
AB A map of ecological regions of the conterminous United States, first published in 1987, has been greatly refined and expanded into a hierarchical spatial framework in response to user needs, particularly by state resource management agencies. In collaboration with scientists and resource managers from numerous agencies and institutions in the United States, Mexico, and Canada, the framework has been expanded to cover North America, and the original ecoregions (now termed Level III) have been refined, subdivided, and aggregated to identify coarser as well as more detailed spatial units. The most generalized units (Level I) define 10 ecoregions in the conterminous U.S., while the finest-scale units (Level IV) identify 967 ecoregions. In this paper, we explain the logic underpinning the approach, discuss the evolution of the regional mapping process, and provide examples of how the ecoregions were distinguished at each hierarchical level. The variety of applications of the ecoregion framework illustrates its utility in resource assessment and management.
C1 [Omernik, James M.; Griffith, Glenn E.] US EPA, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Griffith, GE (reprint author), US EPA, US Geol Survey, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM omernik.james@epa.gov; ggriffith@usgs.gov
NR 112
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 6
U2 52
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 6
BP 1249
EP 1266
DI 10.1007/s00267-014-0364-1
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7EN
UT WOS:000345099900002
PM 25223620
ER
PT J
AU Spears, BL
Isanhart, J
AF Spears, Brian Lee
Isanhart, John
TI POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS IN BALD (HALIAEETUS LEUCOCEPHALUS) AND
GOLDEN (AQUILA CHRYSAETOS) EAGLES FROM WASHINGTON AND IDAHO, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bald eagle; Contaminants of emerging concern; Food chain; Golden eagle;
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; FALCO-PEREGRINUS EGGS; LONG-TERM TRENDS;
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; MATERNAL TRANSFER; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; PBDE; BIRDS;
PREY; CONTAMINATION
AB Little is known about the exposure and accumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the 2 species of eagles inhabiting North America. The authors analyzed the livers of 33 bald eagles and 7 golden eagles collected throughout Washington and Idaho, USA, for 51 PBDE congeners. Total PBDEs ranged from 2.4ng/g to 9920ng/g wet weight. Bald eagles and eagles associated with large urban areas had the highest PBDE concentrations; golden eagles and eagles from more sparsely populated areas had the lowest concentrations. Congener patterns in the present study (brominated diphenyl ether [BDE]-47, BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, and BDE-154 dominating concentrations) were similar to those reported for other bird species, especially raptors. However, the authors also found elevated contributions of BDE-209 in golden eagles and BDE-77 in both species. Patterns in bald eagle samples reflected those in fillets of fish collected from the same general locations throughout Washington, suggesting local exposure to runoff-based contamination, whereas patterns in golden eagle samples suggest a difference in food chain uptake facilitated by atmospheric transport and deposition of BDE-209 and its degradation products into the terrestrial system. Data from the present study represent some of the first reported on burdens of PBDEs in juvenile and adult eagles from North America. The high PBDE liver concentrations associated with large metropolitan areas and accumulation of deca-BDE congeners are a cause for concern. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2795-2801. Published 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
C1 [Spears, Brian Lee] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairhope, AL 36533 USA.
[Isanhart, John] US Dept Interior, Denver, CO USA.
RP Spears, BL (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairhope, AL 36533 USA.
EM brian_spears@fws.gov
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 43
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 12
BP 2795
EP 2801
DI 10.1002/etc.2742
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AU0NE
UT WOS:000345319100019
PM 25367115
ER
PT J
AU Sethi, SA
Tanner, T
AF Sethi, S. A.
Tanner, T.
TI Spawning distribution and abundance of a northern Chinook salmon
population
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; fish movement; fisheries management; mark-recapture;
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; run timing
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; RIVER; FISHERIES; WINBUGS
AB Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), is an important biological and cultural resource in Alaska, but knowledge about Chinook salmon ecology is limited in many regions. From 2009 to 2012, spawning distribution and abundance of a northern Chinook salmon population on the Togiak River in south-west Alaska were assessed. Chinook salmon preferred deeper mainstem channel spawning habitat, with 12% (14 of 118 tags in 2009) to 21% (22 of 106 tags in 2012) of radio-tagged fish spawning in smaller order tributaries. Tributary spawners tended to have earlier run timing than mainstem spawners. Chinook salmon exhibited extended holding and backout (entering freshwater but returning to saltwater before completing anadromous migration) behaviours near the mouth of Togiak River, potentially prolonging their exposure to fishery harvest. Mark-recapture total annual run estimates (2010-2012) ranged from 11240 (2011) to 18299 (2012) fish. Exploitation of Chinook salmon ranged from 36% (2012) to 55% (2011) during the study period, with incidental fishery catches near the mouth of the river comprising the largest source of harvest.
C1 [Sethi, S. A.; Tanner, T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Sethi, SA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fisheries & Ecol Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM suresh_sethi@fws.gov
FU Togiak Village Council
FX C. Anderson (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) was instrumental in
designing and implementing the initial years of the Togiak project. We
thank USFWS and Bristol Bay Native Association staff, technicians and
volunteers who assisted with field work. Additional logistical support
was provided by the Togiak National Wildlife Refuge and ADFG. We are
grateful to the Togiak Village Council and Togiak Village residents for
their support of this project, and to the Togiak River sport fish guides
and the local commercial fisheries operators and processors for field
assistance. We thank the reviewers and editorial staff at FME, and K.
Gates and D. McBride (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) for comments which
improved earlier drafts of this manuscript. The findings and conclusions
in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 6
BP 427
EP 438
DI 10.1111/fme.12091
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AU0MU
UT WOS:000345318000001
ER
PT J
AU Chizinski, CJ
Martin, DR
Pope, KL
AF Chizinski, C. J.
Martin, D. R.
Pope, K. L.
TI Self-confidence of anglers in identification of freshwater sport fish
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE angler skill; education; fish identification
ID LIKERT SCALES; INDICATORS; FISHERIES; SKILLS; TROUT
AB Although several studies have focused on how well anglers identify species using replicas and pictures, there has been no study assessing the confidence that can be placed in angler's ability to identify recreationally important fish. Understanding factors associated with low self-confidence will be useful in tailoring education programmes to improve self-confidence in identifying common species. The purposes of this assessment were to quantify the confidence of recreational anglers to identify 13 commonly encountered warm water fish species and to relate self-confidence to species availability and angler experience. Significant variation was observed in anglers self-confidence among species and levels of self-declared skill, with greater confidence associated with greater skill and with greater exposure. This study of angler self-confidence strongly highlights the need for educational programmes that target lower skilled anglers and the importance of teaching all anglers about less common species, regardless of skill level.
C1 [Chizinski, C. J.; Martin, D. R.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Pope, K. L.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Chizinski, CJ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM cchizinski2@unl.edu
RI Pope, Kevin/D-8096-2011;
OI Pope, Kevin/0000-0003-1876-1687; Chizinski,
Christopher/0000-0001-9294-2588
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration project [F-182-R]; U.S. Geological
Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of Nebraska; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank Chris Dietrich, Michael Dedinsky, Cameron Depue, Dan Dobesh,
Holly Evans, Amber Fandrich, Hannah Hummel, Carla Knight, Luke
Kowalewski, Natalie Luben, Alexis Maple, Jean Paul Montes, Ashley Pella,
Phil Stolberg and John Walrath for collection of field data, and Lindsey
Chizinski and Dr. Keith Koupal for helpful comments on earlier drafts of
this manuscript. This project was funded by Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration project F-182-R, which was administered by the Nebraska Game
and Parks Commission. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly supported by a cooperative agreement among the U.S. Geological
Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of
Nebraska, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management
Institute.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 6
BP 448
EP 453
DI 10.1111/fme.12094
PG 6
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AU0MU
UT WOS:000345318000003
ER
PT J
AU Richard, SK
Chesnaux, R
Rouleau, A
Morin, R
Walter, J
Rafini, S
AF Richard, Sandra K.
Chesnaux, Romain
Rouleau, Alain
Morin, Roger
Walter, Julien
Rafini, Silvain
TI Field evidence of hydraulic connections between bedrock aquifers and
overlying granular aquifers: examples from the Grenville Province of the
Canadian Shield
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydraulic connections; Field techniques; Granular and bedrock aquifers;
Canada; Contamination
ID DEFECTIVE BOREHOLE SEALS
AB Field evidence of hydraulic connections between a bedrock aquifer and an overlying granular aquifer in the Canadian Shield (Grenville Province) is presented. This issue is rarely considered and investigated despite its important hydraulic and chemical consequences and its widespread occurrence worldwide. The methodology employed is based on complementary field tests conducted at specific experimental sites instrumented both in the rock and in the overlying deposits. One of the bedrock sites revealed a natural hydraulic connection with the overlying granular aquifer caused by the weathered surface of the uppermost bedrock. Another site revealed an artificial hydraulic connection between the bedrock and the granular aquifer created by an improperly sealed casing. A regional study showed that hydraulic connections yield an erroneous interpretation of the true hydraulic properties of the tested aquifer. The detection of hydraulic connections is therefore essential to properly define well-capture areas and contamination conditions. It is recommended to practitioners that pumping tests be performed as well as hydrochemical comparisons of each existing aquifer unit. Falling-head permeability tests are also helpful in verifying the quality of the seal at the bedrock-casing contact. More effective procedural controls and better well-construction practices are necessary to reduce the risks of cross-contamination induced by defective seals.
C1 [Richard, Sandra K.; Chesnaux, Romain; Rouleau, Alain; Walter, Julien; Rafini, Silvain] Univ Quebec Chicoutimi, CERM, Saguenay, PQ, Canada.
[Morin, Roger] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Richard, SK (reprint author), 555 Blvd Univ, Chicoutimi, PQ G7H 2B1, Canada.
EM sandra.richard2010@gmail.com
FU Fondation de l'UQAC (FUQAC); Fonds de Recherche du Quebec sur la Nature
et les Technologies (FRQNT); Programme d'Acquisition de Connaissances
sur les Eaux Souterraines of Quebec (PACES)
FX This project was funded by the Fondation de l'UQAC (FUQAC), the Fonds de
Recherche du Quebec sur la Nature et les Technologies (FRQNT), and the
Programme d'Acquisition de Connaissances sur les Eaux Souterraines of
Quebec (PACES), with contribution from the Ministere du Developpement
Durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs, UQAC, Ville de Saguenay and
the four Municipalites Regionales de Comte of the SLSJ region. The
authors would like to acknowledge the contributions to this report from
team members of the PACES project at UQAC. The authors also thank
Mustafa Afsin, an anonymous reviewer, the editor and the associate
editor for their comments and advice that greatly improved the quality
of this manuscript.
NR 36
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 8
BP 1889
EP 1904
DI 10.1007/s10040-014-1183-4
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AU0AN
UT WOS:000345285600012
ER
PT J
AU Tsukamoto, K
Panei, CJ
Shishido, M
Noguchi, D
Pearce, J
Kang, HM
Jeong, OM
Lee, YJ
Nakanishi, K
Ashizawa, T
AF Tsukamoto, Kenji
Panei, Carlos Javier
Shishido, Makiko
Noguchi, Daigo
Pearce, John
Kang, Hyun-Mi
Jeong, Ok Mi
Lee, Youn-Jeong
Nakanishi, Koji
Ashizawa, Takayoshi
TI SYBR Green-Based Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR for Typing and
Subtyping of All Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase Genes of Avian
Influenza Viruses and Comparison to Standard Serological Subtyping Tests
(vol 50, pg 37, 2012)
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Tsukamoto, Kenji; Panei, Carlos Javier; Shishido, Makiko; Noguchi, Daigo] Natl Inst Anim Hlth, Res Team Zoonot Dis, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
[Pearce, John] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Kang, Hyun-Mi; Jeong, Ok Mi; Lee, Youn-Jeong] Natl Vet Res & Quarantine Serv, Avian Dis Div, Anyangsi, Gyeonggido, South Korea.
[Nakanishi, Koji] Livestock Hyg Serv Ctr Shiga Prefecture, Omihachiman, Shiga, Japan.
[Ashizawa, Takayoshi] Tyuou Livestock Hyg Serv Ctr Chiba Prefecture, Sakura, Chiba, Japan.
RP Tsukamoto, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Anim Hlth, Res Team Zoonot Dis, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0095-1137
EI 1098-660X
J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL
JI J. Clin. Microbiol.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 12
BP 4453
EP 4453
DI 10.1128/JCM.02779-14
PG 1
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AT9BM
UT WOS:000345222900074
ER
PT J
AU Keesari, T
Mohokar, HV
Sahoo, BK
Mallesh, G
AF Keesari, Tirumalesh
Mohokar, Hemant V.
Sahoo, Bijay Kumar
Mallesh, G.
TI Assessment of environmental radioactive elements in groundwater in parts
of Nalgonda district, Andhra Pradesh, South India using scintillation
detection methods
SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 5th Symposium on Nuclear Analytical Chemistry (NAC)
CY JAN 20-24, 2014
CL Mumbai, INDIA
SP BARC, Dept Atom Energy, Board Res Nucl Sci, Int Atom Energy Agcy, Indian Assoc Nucl Chemists & Allied Scientists
DE Uranium; Radon; Nalgonda; Inter-elemental correlations; Groundwater;
Liquid scintillation
ID URANIUM; RADON; WATER
AB The objective of this work was to determine the radioactive element concentrations in groundwater in parts of the Nalgonda district. Results indicate that Rn-222 activity is present in significant levels in deep groundwater compared to shallow groundwater and tank water. An increasing Rn-222 activity trend is noticed along the well depth while electrical conductivity, uranium, and alkalinity levels showed inverse trends. Environmental tritium data indicates modern recharge to groundwater. Inter-elemental correlations suggest that high dissolved uranium is associated with high alkalinity and high electrical conductivity groundwater. The study also infers recharge sources and mechanisms to shallow and deep groundwater.
C1 [Keesari, Tirumalesh; Mohokar, Hemant V.] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Isotope Applicat & Radiopharmaceut Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Sahoo, Bijay Kumar] Bhabha Atom Res Ctr, Radiol Phys & Advisory Div, Bombay 400085, Maharashtra, India.
[Mallesh, G.] DHAN Fdn, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.
RP Keesari, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM tiruh2o@gmail.com
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0236-5731
EI 1588-2780
J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH
JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 302
IS 3
BP 1391
EP 1398
DI 10.1007/s10967-014-3566-3
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science &
Technology
SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology
GA AT7AQ
UT WOS:000345088700046
ER
PT J
AU Warner, JC
List, JH
Schwab, WC
Voulgaris, G
Armstrong, B
Marshall, N
AF Warner, John C.
List, Jeffrey H.
Schwab, William C.
Voulgaris, George
Armstrong, Brandy
Marshall, Nicole
TI Inner-shelf circulation and sediment dynamics on a series of
shoreface-connected ridges offshore of Fire Island, NY
SO OCEAN DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Shoreface-connected ridges; Sediment transport; Fire Island, NY; Storm
fronts; Oceanographic observations; Numerical modeling
ID SAND RIDGES; MODELING-SYSTEM; NEW-YORK; MECHANISM; CURRENTS
AB Locations along the inner-continental shelf offshore of Fire Island, NY, are characterized by a series of shoreface-connected ridges (SFCRs). These sand ridges have approximate dimensions of 10 km in length, 3 km spacing, and up to similar to 8 m ridge to trough relief and are oriented obliquely at approximately 30 degrees clockwise from the coastline. Stability analysis from previous studies explains how sand ridges such as these could be formed and maintained by storm-driven flows directed alongshore with a key maintenance mechanism of offshore deflected flows over ridge crests and onshore in the troughs. We examine these processes both with a limited set of idealized numerical simulations and analysis of observational data. Model results confirm that alongshore flows over the SFCRs exhibit offshore veering of currents over the ridge crests and onshore-directed flows in the troughs, and demonstrate the opposite circulation pattern for a reverse wind. To further investigate these maintenance processes, oceanographic instruments were deployed at seven sites on the SFCRs offshore of Fire Island to measure water levels, ocean currents, waves, suspended sediment concentrations, and bottom stresses from January to April 2012. Data analysis reveals that during storms with winds from the northeast, the processes of offshore deflection of currents over ridge crests and onshore in the troughs were observed, and during storm events with winds from the southwest, a reverse flow pattern over the ridges occurred. Computations of suspended sediment fluxes identify periods that are consistent with SFCR maintenance mechanisms. Alongshore winds from the northeast drove fluxes offshore on the ridge crest and onshore in the trough that would tend to promote ridge maintenance. However, alongshore winds from the southwest drove opposite circulations. The wind fields are related to different storm types that occur in the region (low-pressure systems, cold fronts, and warm fronts). From the limited data set, we identify that low-pressure systems drive sediment fluxes that tend to promote stability and maintain the SFCRs while cold front type storms appear to drive circulations that are in the opposite sense and may not be a supporting mechanism for ridge maintenance.
C1 [Warner, John C.; List, Jeffrey H.; Schwab, William C.; Armstrong, Brandy] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Voulgaris, George] Univ S Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Marine Sci Program, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Marshall, Nicole] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Warner, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM jcwarner@usgs.gov; jlist@usgs.gov; bschwab@usgs.gov;
gvoulgaris@geol.sc.edu; barmstrong@usgs.gov; nrmarshall@vims.edu
RI Voulgaris, George/A-7593-2014
OI Voulgaris, George/0000-0002-0667-8870
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program; Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution Summer Student Fellowship Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and
Marine Geology Program, and conducted by the Coastal Change Processes
Project. This data collection and interpretation was largely a
collaborative effort between the U. S. Geological Survey and the
University of South Carolina. We acknowledge support from the Woods Hole
Oceanographic Institution Summer Student Fellowship Program. We
appreciate the assistance from the crew aboard the R/V Connecticut to
deploy and recover oceanographic instruments and we thank USGS field
technicians Marinna Martini, Jonathan Borden, Ellyn Montgomery, Sandy
Baldwin, Dann Blackwood, and Chuck Worley.
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1616-7341
EI 1616-7228
J9 OCEAN DYNAM
JI Ocean Dyn.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 64
IS 12
BP 1767
EP 1781
DI 10.1007/s10236-014-0781-y
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AT6ZQ
UT WOS:000345086100005
ER
PT J
AU Oyler-McCance, SJ
Casazza, ML
Fike, JA
Coates, PS
AF Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Casazza, Michael L.
Fike, Jennifer A.
Coates, Peter S.
TI Hierarchical spatial genetic structure in a distinct population segment
of greater sage-grouse
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bi-State; Distinct population segment; Gene flow; Genetic diversity;
Greater sage-grouse; Microsatellites; Mitochondrial DNA
ID MITOCHONDRIAL CONTROL-REGION; TETRAO-TETRIX; CENTROCERCUS-UROPHASIANUS;
MICROSATELLITE LOCI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; EVOLUTION; INFERENCE; SOFTWARE;
PATTERNS; DISEASE
AB Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) within the Bi-State Management Zone (area along the border between Nevada and California) are geographically isolated on the southwestern edge of the species' range. Previous research demonstrated that this population is genetically unique, with a high proportion of unique mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) haplotypes and with significant differences in microsatellite allele frequencies compared to populations across the species' range. As a result, this population was considered a distinct population segment (DPS) and was recently proposed for listing as threatened under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. A more comprehensive understanding of the boundaries of this genetically unique population (where the Bi-State population begins) and an examination of genetic structure within the Bi-State is needed to help guide effective management decisions. We collected DNA from eight sampling locales within the Bi-State (N = 181) and compared those samples to previously collected DNA from the two most proximal populations outside of the Bi-State DPS, generating mtDNA sequence data and amplifying 15 nuclear microsatellites. Both mtDNA and microsatellite analyses support the idea that the Bi-State DPS represents a genetically unique population, which has likely been separated for thousands of years. Seven mtDNA haplotypes were found exclusively in the Bi-State population and represented 73 % of individuals, while three haplotypes were shared with neighboring populations. In the microsatellite analyses both STRUCTURE and FCA separate the Bi-State from the neighboring populations. We also found genetic structure within the Bi-State as both types of data revealed differences between the northern and southern part of the Bi-State and there was evidence of isolation-by-distance. STRUCTURE revealed three subpopulations within the Bi-State consisting of the northern Pine Nut Mountains (PNa), mid Bi-State, and White Mountains (WM) following a north-south gradient. This genetic subdivision within the Bi-State is likely the result of habitat loss and fragmentation that has been exacerbated by recent human activities and the encroachment of singleleaf pinyon (Pinus monophylla) and juniper (Juniperus spp.) trees. While genetic concerns may be only one of many priorities for the conservation and management of the Bi-State greater sage-grouse, we believe that they warrant attention along with other issues (e.g., quality of sagebrush habitat, preventing future loss of habitat). Management actions that promote genetic connectivity, especially with respect to WM and PNa, may be critical to the long-term viability of the Bi-State DPS.
C1 [Oyler-McCance, Sara J.; Fike, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Casazza, Michael L.; Coates, Peter S.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA USA.
RP Oyler-McCance, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM soyler@usgs.gov
OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 6
BP 1299
EP 1311
DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0618-8
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AT2PU
UT WOS:000344777500004
ER
PT J
AU Oyler-McCance, SJ
Casazza, ML
Fike, JA
Coates, PS
AF Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Casazza, Michael L.
Fike, Jennifer A.
Coates, Peter S.
TI Hierarchical spatial genetic structure in a distinct population segment
of greater sage-grouse (vol 15, pg 1299, 2014)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Oyler-McCance, Sara J.; Fike, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Casazza, Michael L.; Coates, Peter S.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA USA.
RP Oyler-McCance, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM soyler@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 6
BP 1313
EP 1314
DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0630-z
PG 2
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AT2PU
UT WOS:000344777500005
ER
PT J
AU DeHaan, PW
Adams, BA
Tabor, RA
Hawkins, DK
Thompson, B
AF DeHaan, Patrick W.
Adams, Brice A.
Tabor, Roger A.
Hawkins, Denise K.
Thompson, Brad
TI Historical and contemporary forces shape genetic variation in the
Olympic mudminnow (Novumbra hubbsi), an endemic fish from Washington
State, USA
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Olympic mudminnow; Microsatellites; Genetic variation; Historic
isolation; Introduced populations
ID GRAYLING THYMALLUS-ARCTICUS; ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; MICROSATELLITE LOCI;
COMPUTER-PROGRAM; PERIPHERAL-POPULATIONS; REMNANT POPULATIONS;
CONSERVATION UNITS; NORTH-AMERICA; BULL TROUT; DIVERSITY
AB Genetic data have become increasingly useful for conservation planning when data regarding population status and long-term viability is limited. The Olympic mudminnow is the only fish species endemic to Washington State, USA. The species is an increasing priority for conservation given its limited distribution and increasing habitat loss. Presently, information important for developing conservation plans including population abundance data, knowledge of population boundaries, and estimates of gene flow among populations are limited. We used microsatellite markers to assess the level of genetic variation within and among Olympic mudminnow collections from 23 sites across the species range. Genetic variation within collections ranged widely and was greatest within the Chehalis River Basin, a former glacial refugium. Analysis of population boundaries showed that each collection site represented a unique population with the exception of collections made within two large wetland and stream complexes. Genetic variation among populations appears to be strongly influenced by glacial history and the species' life history. Populations originating from the Chehalis River glacial refugium clustered together in multiple analyses and populations from the Olympic Coast, which persisted in separate refugia and have limited capacity for dispersal, showed a high level of differentiation. Competing theories existed regarding the origins of disjunct populations in east Puget Sound and genetic data showed that these populations represent undocumented introductions rather than a glacial remnant or historic colonization from the Chehalis refugium. Data presented in this study will help fill important information gaps and advance conservation planning for this species.
C1 [DeHaan, Patrick W.; Adams, Brice A.; Hawkins, Denise K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Tabor, Roger A.; Thompson, Brad] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
RP DeHaan, PW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
EM patrick_dehaan@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington Fish and Wildlife Office
FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Washington Fish and Wildlife Office. We would like to thank the
following individuals for assisting with genetic sample collections:
Molly Hallock (WDFW), Teal Waterstrat (USFWS), Kira Mazzi (USFWS), Dan
Lantz (USFWS), Larry Gilbertson (Quinault Tribe), Pat Trotter (retired),
Dan Spencer (USFWS), Hans Berge (King County), Pat Crain (NPS), and John
Trobaugh (WDNR). We would also like to thank Teal Waterstrat for
producing the study map, Pat Crain for sharing information regarding the
history of the James Pond population, Jeanelle Miller and Molly Hallock
for sharing information regarding the origins of Olympic mudminnow in
east Puget Sound, and Patty Crandell, Christian Smith, and two anonymous
reviewers for providing helpful comments on earlier versions of this
manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service.
NR 63
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 20
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 6
BP 1417
EP 1431
DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0627-7
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AT2PU
UT WOS:000344777500014
ER
PT J
AU Afanador, Y
Velez-Valentin, J
de la Rosa, RV
Martinez-Cruzado, JC
Vonholdt, B
Oleksyk, TK
AF Afanador, Y.
Velez-Valentin, J.
de la Rosa, R. Valentin
Martinez-Cruzado, J. -C.
vonHoldt, B.
Oleksyk, T. K.
TI Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in the critically
endangered Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Amazona vittata; A. ventralis; A. leucocephala; Puerto Rican parrot;
Hispaniolan parrot; Cuban parrot
ID SOFTWARE
AB The Puerto Rican parrot (Amazona vittata) is one of the most endangered avian species in the world. Its dramatic decline to near extinction in 1975 was thwarted only by the establishment of two captive breeding programs. To date, conservation efforts resulted in a significant population recovery with over 400 living birds either at the two captive breeding sites, or released into the wild. However, despite nearly 40 years of conservation efforts, very few specific tools are available to study genetic diversity of this species. Here we present 18 highly polymorphic microsatellite markers developed using the genome sequence of A. vittata and verified in a population sample. The markers cross-amplify in two sister species from other islands: the Hispaniolan (A. ventralis) and the Cuban (A. leucocephala) parrots. The primer pairs we developed will eventually aid the breeding efforts by providing unique identifiers for individual birds, and in the population studies monitoring recovery of critically endangered A. vittata.
C1 [Afanador, Y.; Martinez-Cruzado, J. -C.; Oleksyk, T. K.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
[Velez-Valentin, J.; de la Rosa, R. Valentin] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Program Puerto Rican Parrot, Rio Grande, PR 00745 USA.
[Velez-Valentin, J.; de la Rosa, R. Valentin] Dept Recursos Nat & Ambientales Puerto Rico, Recovery Program Puerto Rican Parrot Rio Abajo St, Arecibo, PR 00613 USA.
[vonHoldt, B.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
RP Oleksyk, TK (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Biol, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
EM taras.oleksyk@upr.edu
FU Toyota Foundation of Puerto Rico; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
[F11AP00196]
FX We want to thank the Toyota Foundation of Puerto Rico for financially
supporting this work through a grant managed by the Fundacion
Comunitaria de Puerto Rico. We also want to thank the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service for funding research-related travel (grant #
F11AP00196). Special thanks to Ingrid Rivera-Pagan, Tanya Martinez,
Marisel Lopez, and Israel Rivera for help in processing samples,
laboratory work, and helpful advice during preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
BP 885
EP 889
DI 10.1007/s12686-014-0232-6
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AS8EC
UT WOS:000344481900020
ER
PT J
AU Coykendall, DK
Morrison, CL
Stott, W
Springmann, MJ
AF Coykendall, D. K.
Morrison, C. L.
Stott, W.
Springmann, M. J.
TI Development of eighteen microsatellite loci in walleye (Sander vitreus)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sander; Walleye; Sauger; Blue pike; Microsatellites
ID PRIMERS
AB A suite of tri- and tetra-nucleotide microsatellite loci were developed for walleye (Sander vitreus) from 454 pyrosequencing data. Eighteen of the 50 primer sets tested amplified consistently in 35 walleye from two lakes on Isle Royale, Lake Superior: Chickenbone Lake and Whittlesey Lake. The loci displayed moderate levels of allelic diversity (average 5.5 alleles/locus) and heterozygosity (average 35.8 %). Levels of genetic diversity were sufficient to produce unique multi-locus genotypes and detect phylogeographic structuring as individuals assigned back to their population of origin. Cross-species amplification within S. canadensis (sauger) was successful for 15 loci, and 11 loci were diagnostic to species. The loci characterized here will be useful for detecting fine-scale spatial structuring, resolving the taxonomic status of Sander species and sub-species, and detecting walleye/sauger hybrids.
C1 [Coykendall, D. K.; Morrison, C. L.; Springmann, M. J.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Stott, W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA.
RP Morrison, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM cmorrison@usgs.gov
FU USGS Ecosystems mission area
FX Funding provided by USGS Ecosystems mission area. Lakyn Sanders provided
lab help. This article is contribution number 1870 of the US Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endoresement
by the U.S. government.
NR 5
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1877-7252
EI 1877-7260
J9 CONSERV GENET RESOUR
JI Conserv. Genet. Resour.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 4
BP 1019
EP 1021
DI 10.1007/s12686-014-0275-8
PG 3
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AS8EC
UT WOS:000344481900054
ER
PT J
AU Custer, CM
Custer, TW
Thyen, S
Becker, PH
AF Custer, Christine M.
Custer, Thomas W.
Thyen, Stefan
Becker, Peter H.
TI Incubation stage and polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congener patterns in
an altricial and precocial bird species
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Little tern; PCB congener profile; PCBs; Polychlorinated biphenyls; Tree
swallow
ID KESTRELS FALCO-SPARVERIUS; EATING SEA BIRDS; METABOLIC INTERPRETATIONS;
MOLECULAR-FEATURES; HOUSATONIC RIVER; ORGANOCHLORINE; CONTAMINANTS;
EMBRYOS; USA; BIOACCUMULATION
AB The composition of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners was compared between non-incubated and embryonated eggs of tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) and little terns (Sterna albifrons) to determine if measurable changes in PCB congeners occurred during the embryonic period. There was no indication of changes in PCB congener patterns over the incubation period in tree swallows in 1999 and 2000 at a site with very high PCB exposure or a site with more modest PCB exposure. Additionally, congeners known to be either quickly metabolized or conserved based on experimental studies did not generally respond as predicted. Similarly, PCB congener patterns in eggs of little terns from Bottsand, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, did not differ between non-incubated and embryonated eggs. The results from both species suggest that the stage of incubation is not an important consideration when evaluating PCB congener patterns; comparisons and assessments can be made with eggs collected at all stages of incubation. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Custer, Christine M.; Custer, Thomas W.] USGS, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Becker, Peter H.] Inst Vogelforsch Vogelwarte Helgoland, D-26386 Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
RP Custer, CM (reprint author), USGS, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM ccuster@usgs.gov; tcuster@usgs.gov; s.thyen@t-online.de;
peter.becker@ifv-vogelwarte.de
OI Custer, Thomas/0000-0003-3170-6519
FU Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Geological Survey (Housatonic
River data); Niedersachsische Wattenmeerstiftung, Hannover; Institut fur
Technisch-Wissenschaftliche Innovation of the Fachhochschule
Wilhelmshaven
FX We thank L. Kirk Lohman and two anonymous reviewers for comments on
earlier drafts of the manuscript. The study plan was approved by the
Institution's Animal Care and Use Committee. The work was funded in part
by the Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Geological Survey
(Housatonic River data) and the Niedersachsische Wattenmeerstiftung,
Hannover and Institut fur Technisch-Wissenschaftliche Innovation of the
Fachhochschule Wilhelmshaven. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 195
BP 109
EP 114
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.08.010
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS7LM
UT WOS:000344437600014
PM 25213805
ER
PT J
AU Dorazio, RM
AF Dorazio, Robert M.
TI Accounting for imperfect detection and survey bias in statistical
analysis of presence-only data
SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecological niche model; N-mixture model; predictive biogeography; site
occupancy model; spatial point process; species distribution model
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; POINT PROCESS MODELS; ABSENCE DATA;
DISTRIBUTIONS; ABUNDANCE; PROBABILITIES; EQUIVALENCE; PREDICTION;
ECOLOGY; DENSITY
AB AimDuring the past decade ecologists have attempted to estimate the parameters of species distribution models by combining locations of species presence observed in opportunistic surveys with spatially referenced covariates of occurrence. Several statistical models have been proposed for the analysis of presence-only data, but these models have largely ignored the effects of imperfect detection and survey bias. In this paper I describe a model-based approach for the analysis of presence-only data that accounts for errors in the detection of individuals and for biased selection of survey locations.
InnovationI develop a hierarchical, statistical model that allows presence-only data to be analysed in conjunction with data acquired independently in planned surveys. One component of the model specifies the spatial distribution of individuals within a bounded, geographic region as a realization of a spatial point process. A second component of the model specifies two kinds of observations, the detection of individuals encountered during opportunistic surveys and the detection of individuals encountered during planned surveys.
Main conclusionsUsing mathematical proof and simulation-based comparisons, I demonstrate that biases induced by errors in detection or biased selection of survey locations can be reduced or eliminated by using the hierarchical model to analyse presence-only data in conjunction with counts observed in planned surveys. I show that a relatively small number of high-quality data (from planned surveys) can be used to leverage the information in presence-only observations, which usually have broad spatial coverage but may not be informative of both occurrence and detectability of individuals. Because a variety of sampling protocols can be used in planned surveys, this approach to the analysis of presence-only data is widely applicable. In addition, since the point-process model is formulated at the level of an individual, it can be extended to account for biological interactions between individuals and temporal changes in their spatial distributions.
C1 US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Dorazio, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM bdorazio@usgs.gov
NR 53
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 11
U2 72
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1466-822X
EI 1466-8238
J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR
JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 12
BP 1472
EP 1484
DI 10.1111/geb.12216
PG 13
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AS9XN
UT WOS:000344591900014
ER
PT J
AU Walls, SC
Waddle, JH
Barichivich, WJ
Bartoszek, IA
Brown, ME
Hefner, JM
Schuman, MJ
AF Walls, Susan C.
Waddle, J. Hardin
Barichivich, William J.
Bartoszek, Ian A.
Brown, Mary E.
Hefner, Jeromi M.
Schuman, Melinda J.
TI Anuran site occupancy and species richness as tools for evaluating
restoration of a hydrologically-modified landscape
SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Anuran amphibians; Automated recording units; Baseline reference
conditions; Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan; Picayune Strand
Restoration Project; Southwest Florida
ID AQUATIC-BREEDING AMPHIBIANS; PREDATORY FISH; WETLANDS; BIODIVERSITY;
ASSEMBLAGE; ECOSYSTEM; SUCCESS; EXPECTATIONS; EXTINCTION; EVERGLADES
AB A fundamental goal of wetland restoration is to reinstate pre-disturbance hydrological conditions to degraded landscapes, facilitating recolonization by native species and the production of resilient, functional ecosystems. To evaluate restoration success, baseline conditions need to be determined and a reference target needs to be established that will serve as an ecological blueprint in the restoration process. During the summer wet seasons of 2010 and 2011, we used automated recording units to monitor a community of calling anuran amphibians in the Picayune Strand State Forest of Southwest Florida, USA. This area is undergoing hydrological restoration as part of the Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan. We compared occurrence of anurans at sites in the restoration area, to nearby locations in relatively undisturbed habitat (reference sites). We assessed the utility of the latter as restoration targets, using a hierarchical model of community species occupancy to estimate the probability of occurrence of anurans in restoration and reference locations. We detected 14 species, 13 of which were significantly more likely to occur in reference areas. All 14 species were estimated by our model to occur at these sites but, across both years, only 8-13 species were estimated to occur at restoration sites. The composition and structure of these habitats within and adjacent to the Picayune Strand State Forest indicate that they are suitable targets for habitat restoration, as measured by amphibian occurrence and species richness. These areas are important sources for recolonization of anuran amphibians as the hydrologically degraded Picayune Strand undergoes restoration to mitigate the effects of overdrainage and habitat loss.
C1 [Walls, Susan C.; Barichivich, William J.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Waddle, J. Hardin] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Bartoszek, Ian A.; Schuman, Melinda J.] Conservancy Southwest Florida, Naples, FL 34102 USA.
[Brown, Mary E.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Hefner, Jeromi M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Five Rivers Serv LLC, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Walls, SC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM swalls@usgs.gov
RI Waddle, Hardin/D-3845-2009;
OI Waddle, Hardin/0000-0003-1940-2133; Walls, Susan/0000-0001-7391-9155
FU United States Geological Survey's Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem
Science program (USGS GEPES); Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (USGS ARMI)
FX This work was supported by the United States Geological Survey's Greater
Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science program (USGS GEPES) and the
Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (USGS ARMI). We thank
Picayune Strand State Forest and Fakahatchee Strand Preserve State Park
personnel for permission to work on these lands, especially M. Owen
(FSPSP Biologist) for advice and suggestions. We also thank D. Gregoire
for assistance in listening to and transcribing recorded frog calls, J.
Mitchell for commenting on an earlier draft of the manuscript, and B.
Gloriso for preparing Fig. 5. B. Buchanan provided insight into relating
sound pressure levels of calling frogs to their distance from a site.
The use of trade or product names does not imply endorsement by the U.
S. Government. This is contribution 465 of USGS ARMI.
NR 67
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 45
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-4861
EI 1572-9834
J9 WETL ECOL MANAG
JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 6
BP 625
EP 639
DI 10.1007/s11273-014-9356-4
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AT3XT
UT WOS:000344869000004
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RL
Cattle, SR
Moskowitz, BM
Goldstein, HL
Yauk, K
Flagg, CB
Berquo, TS
Kokaly, RF
Morman, S
Breit, GN
AF Reynolds, Richard L.
Cattle, Stephen R.
Moskowitz, Bruce M.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Yauk, Kimberly
Flagg, Cody B.
Berquo, Thelma S.
Kokaly, Raymond F.
Morman, Suzette
Breit, George N.
TI Iron oxide minerals in dust of the Red Dawn event in eastern Australia,
September 2009
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dust radiative properties; Dust magnetic properties; Iron oxide
minerals; Hematite; Goethite; Nanoparticles
ID NATURAL DUNE SANDS; ANTHROPOGENIC POLLUTANTS; ENVIRONMENTAL MAGNETISM;
CHEMICAL-PROPERTIES; AEOLIAN ABRASION; GRAIN-SIZE; AEROSOL; HYSTERESIS;
CLIMATE; SOILS
AB Iron oxide minerals typically compose only a few weight percent of bulk atmospheric dust but are important for potential roles in forcing climate, affecting cloud properties, influencing rates of snow and ice melt, and fertilizing marine phytoplankton. Dust samples collected from locations across eastern Australia (Lake Cowal, Orange, Hornsby, and Sydney) following the spectacular "Red Dawn" dust storm on 23 September 2009 enabled study of the dust iron oxide assemblage using a combination of magnetic measurements, Mossbauer spectroscopy, reflectance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Red Dawn was the worst dust storm to have hit the city of Sydney in more than 60 years, and it also deposited dust into the Tasman Sea and onto snow cover in New Zealand. Magnetization measurements from 20 to 400 K reveal that hematite, goethite, and trace amounts of magnetite are present in all samples. Magnetite concentrations (as much as 0.29 wt%) were much higher in eastern, urban sites than in western, agricultural sites in central New South Wales (0.01 wt%), strongly suggesting addition of magnetite from local urban sources. Variable temperature Mossbauer spectroscopy (300 and 4.2 K) indicates that goethite and hematite compose approximately 25-45% of the Fe-bearing phases in samples from the inland sites of Orange and Lake Cowal. Hematite was observed at both temperatures but goethite only at 4.2 K, thereby revealing the presence of nanogoethite (less than about 20 nm). Similarly, hematite particulate matter is very small (some of it d < 100 nm) on the basis of magnetic results and Mossbauer spectra. The degree to which ferric oxide in these samples might absorb solar radiation is estimated by comparing reflectance values with a magnetic parameter (hard isothermal remanent magnetization, HIRM) for ferric oxide abundance. Average visible reflectance and HIRM are correlated as a group (r(2) = 0.24), indicating that Red Dawn ferric oxides have capacity to absorb solar radiation. Much of this ferric oxide occurs as nano-hematite and nanogoethite particles on surfaces of other particulate matter, thereby providing high surface area to enhance absorption of solar radiation. Leaching of the sample from Orange in simulated human-lung fluid revealed low bioaccessibility for most metals. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Reynolds, Richard L.; Goldstein, Harland L.; Kokaly, Raymond F.; Morman, Suzette; Breit, George N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Cattle, Stephen R.] Univ Sydney, Fac Agr & Environm, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Moskowitz, Bruce M.; Yauk, Kimberly] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Inst Rock Magnetism, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Flagg, Cody B.] US Geol Survey, Moab, UT USA.
[Berquo, Thelma S.] Concordia Coll, Dept Phys, Moorhead, MN USA.
RP Reynolds, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 980,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rreynolds@usgs.gov
RI Kokaly, Raymond/A-6817-2017
OI Kokaly, Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101
FU Instruments and Facilities Program of the National Science Foundation
Division of Earth Science; U.S. Geological Survey Climate and Land Use
Program
FX We are grateful to Christoph Geiss, Slobodan Nickovic, and an anonymous
reviewer for very helpful reviews. We thank Andrew Rawson for collecting
the dust sample from Orange and, for laboratory assistance, Cody Flagg
and Jiang Xiao (reflectance analysis), Heather Lowers (SEM), and Peat
Solheid (Mossbauer spectroscopy). We are also grateful to Roger Clark
and Todd Hoefen for use of the USGS Spectroscopy Laboratory, Denver. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Institute for
Rock Magnetism is supported by grants from the Instruments and
Facilities Program of the National Science Foundation Division of Earth
Science. This is IRM Contribution 1306. Funding was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Program.
NR 83
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
EI 2212-1684
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 15
BP 1
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2014.02.003
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA AS7FT
UT WOS:000344423300001
ER
PT J
AU Flagg, CB
Neff, JC
Reynolds, RL
Belnap, J
AF Flagg, Cody B.
Neff, Jason C.
Reynolds, Richard L.
Belnap, Jayne
TI Spatial and temporal patterns of dust emissions (2004-2012) in semi-arid
landscapes, southeastern Utah, USA
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dust emission; Aeolian sediment; Regression tree; Land use and land
cover; Passive dust sampler; Mancos Shale
ID BIOLOGICAL SOIL CRUSTS; WIND EROSION; MOJAVE DESERT; COLORADO PLATEAU;
AGGREGATE STABILITY; FIELD MEASUREMENT; CLIMATIC CONTROLS; LAND
MANAGEMENT; UNITED-STATES; EOLIAN DUST
AB Aeolian dust can influence nutrient availability, soil fertility, plant interactions, and water-holding capacity in both source and downwind environments. A network of 85 passive collectors for aeolian sediment spanning numerous plant communities, soil types, and land-use histories covering approximately 4000 square kilometers across southeastern Utah was used to sample horizontal emissions of aeolian sediment. The sample archive dates to 2004 and is currently the largest known record of field-scale dust emissions for the southwestern United States. Sediment flux peaked during the spring months in all plant communities (mean: 38.1 g m(-2) d(-1)), related to higher, sustained wind speeds that begin in the early spring. Dust flux was lowest during the winter period (mean: 5 g m(-2) d(-1)) when surface wind speeds are typically low. Sites dominated by blackbrush and sagebrush shrubs had higher sediment flux (mean: 19.4 g m(-2) d(-1)) compared to grasslands (mean: 11.2 g m(-2) d(-1)), saltbush shrublands (mean: 10.3 g m(-2) d(-1)), and woodlands (mean: 8.1 g m(-2) d(-1)). Contrary to other studies on dust emissions, antecedent precipitation during one, two, and three seasons prior to sample collection did not significantly influence emission rates. Physical site-scale factors controlling dust emissions were complex and varied from one vegetation type to another. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Flagg, Cody B.; Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Flagg, Cody B.; Neff, Jason C.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Reynolds, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Flagg, CB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 S West Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
EM cflagg@usgs.gov
OI NEFF, JASON/0000-0002-8290-1472
FU Bureau of Land Management; US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use
Change Program; USGS Ecosystems Program
FX Funding and support for this study were provided by the Bureau of Land
Management, the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change
Program, and USGS Ecosystems Program. We thank the numerous technicians
that assisted with field collections over the years. Sue Phillips,
Janice Brahney, Dan Fernandez, Harland Goldstein, Eric Fisher, and Frank
Urban assisted with sample preparation, lab analyses, statistical
analysis, and quality control of weather station data. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 80
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
EI 2212-1684
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 15
BP 31
EP 43
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.10.002
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA AS7FT
UT WOS:000344423300003
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, RL
Goldstein, HL
Moskowitz, BM
Bryant, AC
Skiles, SM
Kokaly, RF
Flagg, CB
Yauk, K
Berquo, T
Breit, G
Ketterer, M
Fernandez, D
Miller, ME
Painter, TH
AF Reynolds, Richard L.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Moskowitz, Bruce M.
Bryant, Ann C.
Skiles, S. McKenzie
Kokaly, Raymond F.
Flagg, Cody B.
Yauk, Kimberly
Berquo, Thelma
Breit, George
Ketterer, Michael
Fernandez, Daniel
Miller, Mark E.
Painter, Thomas H.
TI Composition of dust deposited to snow cover in the Wasatch Range (Utah,
USA): Controls on radiative properties of snow cover and comparison to
some dust-source sediments
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Atmospheric dust; Magnetic properties; Goethite; Hematite; Black carbon;
Metals
ID M-RS/M-S; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; MINERAL DUST; DESERT DUST; ENVIRONMENTAL
MAGNETISM; MOSSBAUER-SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICULATE MATTER; HYPERFINE FIELD;
AIR-POLLUTION; PARTICLE-SIZE
AB Dust layers deposited to snow cover of the Wasatch Range (northern Utah) in 2009 and 2010 provide rare samples to determine the relations between their compositions and radiative properties. These studies are required to comprehend and model how such dust-on-snow (DOS) layers affect rates of snow melt through changes in the albedo of snow surfaces. We evaluated several constituents as potential contributors to the absorption of solar radiation indicated by values of absolute reflectance determined from biconical reflectance spectroscopy. Ferric oxide minerals and carbonaceous matter appear to be the primary influences on lowering snow-cover albedo. Techniques of reflectance and Mossbauer spectroscopy as well as rock magnetism provide information about the types, amounts, and grain sizes of ferric oxide minerals. Relatively high amounts of ferric oxide, indicated by hard isothermal remanent magnetization (HIRM), are associated with relatively low average reflectance (<0.25) across the visible wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Mossbauer spectroscopy indicates roughly equal amounts of hematite and goethite, representing about 35% of the total Fe-bearing phases. Nevertheless, goethite (alpha-FeOOH) is the dominant ferric oxide found by reflectance spectroscopy and thus appears to be the main iron oxide control on absorption of solar radiation. At least some goethite occurs as nano-phase grain coatings less than about 50 nm thick. Relatively high amounts of organic carbon, indicating as much as about 10% organic matter, are also associated with lower reflectance values. The organic matter, although not fully characterized by type, correlates strongly with metals (e.g., Cu, Pb, As, Cd, Mo, Zn) derived from distal urban and industrial settings, probably including mining and smelting sites. This relation suggests anthropogenic sources for at least some of the carbonaceous matter, such as emissions from transportation and industrial activities. The composition of the DOS samples can be compared with sediments in a likely dust-source setting at the Milford Flat Fire (MFF) area about 225 km southwest of Salt Lake City. The MFF area represents geologically and physiographically similar and widespread dust sources west-southwest of the Wasatch Range and heavily populated Wasatch Front. The DOS layers and MFF sediments are similar in some textural, chemical, and magnetic properties, as well as in the common presence of goethite, hematite, magnetite-bearing basalt fragments, quartz, plagioclase, illite, and kaolinite. Textural and some chemical differences among these deposits can be explained by atmospheric sorting as well as by inputs from other settings, such as salt-crusted playas and contaminant sources. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Reynolds, Richard L.; Goldstein, Harland L.; Kokaly, Raymond F.; Breit, George] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Moskowitz, Bruce M.; Yauk, Kimberly] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Inst Rock Magnetism, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Bryant, Ann C.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Skiles, S. McKenzie] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Kokaly, Raymond F.] Ohio State Univ, Byrd Polar Res Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Flagg, Cody B.] US Geol Survey, Moab, UT USA.
[Berquo, Thelma] Concordia Coll, Dept Phys, Moorhead, MN USA.
[Ketterer, Michael] No Arizona Univ, Dept Chem, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Fernandez, Daniel] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Miller, Mark E.] Natl Pk Serv, Moab, UT USA.
[Painter, Thomas H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Reynolds, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Bldg 53,Entrance 5-1,Box 25046,MS 980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rreynolds@usgs.gov
RI Painter, Thomas/B-7806-2016; Kokaly, Raymond/A-6817-2017
OI Kokaly, Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Program; NSF
[CHE-0118604]; Arizona Technology Research and Innovation Fund;
Instruments and Facilities Program of the National Science Foundation
Division of Earth Science
FX We are grateful to Jeff Deems and two anonymous reviewers for improving
this manuscript. For motivating discussions and assistance in the field,
we thank Marith Reheis and Jim Yount, and for laboratory analyses, we
thank Jiang Xiao, Gary Skipp, and Eric Fisher. We are also grateful to
Roger Clark and Todd Hoeffen for use of the USGS Spectroscopy
Laboratory, Denver, and to Subir Banerjee for critical discussion of the
magnetic and Mossbauer results. Collection of the dust-on-snow samples
was part of a joint University of Utah-U.S. Forest Service project.
Support was provided by U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use
Change Program and (for MEK) by NSF CHE-0118604 and the Arizona
Technology Research and Innovation Fund for the ICPMS lab facilities.
Part of this work was performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
California Institute of Technology, under a contract with NASA. The
Institute for Rock Magnetism is supported by grants from the Instruments
and Facilities Program of the National Science Foundation Division of
Earth Science. This is IRM Contribution 1302.
NR 103
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 5
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
EI 2212-1684
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 15
BP 73
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2013.08.001
PG 18
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA AS7FT
UT WOS:000344423300006
ER
PT J
AU Miranda, LE
AF Miranda, L. E.
TI Monitoring fish distributions along electrofishing segments
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Electrofishing; Microhabitat; Relative abundance; Bluegill; Largemouth
bass
AB Electrofishing is widely used to monitor fish species composition and relative abundance in streams and lakes. According to standard protocols, multiple segments are selected in a body of water to monitor population relative abundance as the ratio of total catch to total sampling effort. The standard protocol provides an assessment of fish distribution at a macrohabitat scale among segments, but not within segments. An ancillary protocol was developed for assessing fish distribution at a finer scale within electrofishing segments. The ancillary protocol was used to estimate spacing, dispersion, and association of two species along shore segments in two local reservoirs. The added information provided by the ancillary protocol may be useful for assessing fish distribution relative to fish of the same species, to fish of different species, and to environmental or habitat characteristics.
C1 US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Miranda, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM smiranda@usgs.gov
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
EI 1573-2959
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 12
BP 8899
EP 8905
DI 10.1007/s10661-014-4053-6
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS6BF
UT WOS:000344349200062
PM 25238810
ER
PT J
AU Brosnahan, S
AF Brosnahan, Sandra
TI Sandra Brosnahan
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Brosnahan, Sandra] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Brosnahan, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM sbrosnahan@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 72
EP 72
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700033
ER
PT J
AU Hutchinson, DR
AF Hutchinson, Deborah R.
TI Deborah R. Hutchinson
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Hutchinson, Deborah R.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Hutchinson, DR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM dhutchinson@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 144
EP 144
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700105
ER
PT J
AU Lentz, E
AF Lentz, Erika
TI Erika Lentz
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Lentz, Erika] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Lentz, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM elentz@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 159
EP 159
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700120
ER
PT J
AU Lightsom, F
AF Lightsom, Frances
TI Frances Lightsom
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Lightsom, Frances] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Lightsom, F (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM flightsom@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 160
EP 160
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700121
ER
PT J
AU Martini, M
AF Martini, Marinna
TI Marinna Martini
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Martini, Marinna] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Martini, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM mmartini@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 170
EP 170
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700131
ER
PT J
AU Quattrini, AM
AF Quattrini, Andrea M.
TI Andrea M. Quattrini
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Quattrini, Andrea M.] US Geol Survey, Cherokee Nations Technol Solut, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Quattrini, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cherokee Nations Technol Solut, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
EM aquattrini@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 199
EP 199
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700160
ER
PT J
AU Ruppel, C
AF Ruppel, Carolyn
TI Carolyn Ruppel
SO OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Ruppel, Carolyn] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Ruppel, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM cruppel@usgs.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU OCEANOGRAPHY SOC
PI ROCKVILLE
PA P.O. BOX 1931, ROCKVILLE, MD USA
SN 1042-8275
J9 OCEANOGRAPHY
JI Oceanography
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 4
SU S
BP 211
EP 211
PG 1
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA V44BO
UT WOS:000209724700172
ER
PT J
AU Mueller, ER
Grams, PE
Schmidt, JC
Hazel, JE
Alexander, JS
Kaplinski, M
AF Mueller, Erich R.
Grams, Paul E.
Schmidt, John C.
Hazel, Joseph E., Jr.
Alexander, Jason S.
Kaplinski, Matt
TI The influence of controlled floods on fine sediment storage in debris
fan-affected canyons of the Colorado River basin
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluvial geomorphology; River canyons; Controlled floods; Dams; Sediment
supply; Sandbars
ID GRAND-CANYON; GREEN RIVER; MASS-BALANCE; DOWNSTREAM; ARIZONA; DAM; FLOW;
UTAH; EVOLUTION; RESPONSES
AB Prior to the construction of large dams on the Green and Colorado Rivers, annual floods aggraded sandbars in lateral flow-recirculation eddies with fine sediment scoured from the bed and delivered from upstream. Flows greater than normal dam operations may be used to mimic this process in an attempt to increase time-averaged sandbar size. These controlled floods may rebuild sandbars, but sediment deficit conditions downstream from the dams restrict the frequency that controlled floods produce beneficial results. Here, we integrate complimentary, long-term monitoring data sets from the Colorado River in Marble and Grand Canyons downstream from Glen Canyon dam and the Green River in the Canyon of Lodore downstream from Flaming Gorge dam. Since the mid-1990s, several controlled floods have occurred in these canyon rivers. These controlled floods scour fine sediment from the bed and build sandbars in eddies, thus increasing channel relief. These changes are short-lived, however, as interflood dam operations erode sandbars within several months to years. Controlled flood response and interflood changes in bed elevation are more variable in Marble Canyon and Grand Canyon, likely reflecting more variable fine sediment supply and stronger transience in channel bed sediment storage. Despite these differences, neither system shows a trend in fine-sediment storage during the period in which controlled floods were monitored. These results demonstrate that controlled floods build eddy sandbars and increase channel relief for short interflood periods, and this response may be typical in other dam-influenced canyon rivers. The degree to which these features persist depends on the frequency of controlled floods, but careful consideration of sediment supply is necessary to avoid increasing the long-term sediment deficit. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mueller, Erich R.; Grams, Paul E.; Schmidt, John C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Schmidt, John C.] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Hazel, Joseph E., Jr.; Kaplinski, Matt] Univ Arizona, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Alexander, Jason S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Geol & Geophys, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Mueller, ER (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM emueller@usgs.gov
OI Mueller, Erich/0000-0001-8202-154X
FU National Park Service (NPS) [F 1400-11-000]
FX This synthesis and report were supported by National Park Service (NPS)
Interagency Agreement No. F 1400-11-000 with special acknowledgement to
Tamara Naumann and Mark Wondzell of the NPS. Field data collection at
these sites has occurred over many years with support from the NPS, Utah
State University, Northern Arizona University, the Western Area Power
Administration, the Bureau of Reclamation's Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive
Management Program, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Editor Richard
Marston provided helpful editorial comments. Reviews by Susannah Erwin
and two anonymous reviewers improved the content and clarity of the
article.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD DEC 1
PY 2014
VL 226
BP 65
EP 75
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.07.029
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AR1NG
UT WOS:000343351300006
ER
PT J
AU Yellen, B
Woodruff, JD
Kratz, LN
Mabee, SB
Morrison, J
Martini, AM
AF Yellen, B.
Woodruff, J. D.
Kratz, L. N.
Mabee, S. B.
Morrison, J.
Martini, A. M.
TI Source, conveyance and fate of suspended sediments following Hurricane
Irene. New England, USA
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flooding; Tropical cyclone; Event deposition; Sediment yield;
Post-glacial; Connecticut River
ID HUDSON RIVER ESTUARY; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; EXTREME FLOOD; GEOMORPHOLOGY;
CLIMATE; ACCUMULATION; DENUDATION; MAGNITUDE; FREQUENCY; DISCHARGE
AB Hurricane Irene passed directly over the Connecticut River valley in late August, 2011. Intense precipitation and high antecedent soil moisture resulted in record flooding, mass wasting and fluvial erosion, allowing for observations of how these rare but significant extreme events affect a landscape still responding to Pleistocene glaciation and associated sediment emplacement. Clays and silts from upland glacial deposits, once suspended in the stream network, were routed directly to the mouth of the Connecticut River, resulting in record-breaking sediment loads fifteen-times greater than predicted from the pre-existing rating curve. Denudation was particularly extensive in mountainous areas. We calculate that sediment yield during the event from the Deerfield River, a steep tributary comprising 5% of the entire Connecticut River watershed, exceeded at minimum 10-40 years of routine sediment discharge and accounted for approximately 40% of the total event sediment discharge from the Connecticut River. A series of surface sediment cores taken in floodplain ponds adjacent to the tidal section of the Connecticut River before and after the event provides insight into differences in sediment sourcing and routing for the Irene event compared to periods of more routine flooding. Relative to routine conditions, sedimentation from Irene was anomalously inorganic, fine grained, and enriched in elements commonly found in chemically immature glacial tills and glaciolacustrine material. These unique sedimentary characteristics document the crucial role played by extreme precipitation from tropical disturbances in denuding this landscape. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Yellen, B.; Woodruff, J. D.; Kratz, L. N.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Mabee, S. B.] Massachusetts Geol Survey, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Morrison, J.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
[Martini, A. M.] Amherst Coll, Dept Geol, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
RP Yellen, B (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM byellen@geo.umass.edu
OI Yellen, Brian/0000-0002-1632-5972
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1158780, EAR-1148244, IF-0949313]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support from the National Science Foundation
(EAR-1158780, EAR-1148244 and IF-0949313). Fall 2011 GEO-SCI 445
University of Massachusetts students assisted with field and lab work
with special thanks to J. Fardy and A. Fallon. M. Colomb and J. Fellows
helped compile gaging and precipitation data. Photos of upstream impacts
were supplied by J. Kopera. An internal USGS review by B. Stone, and
comments on an earlier version of this paper by M. Church and N. Snyder,
and that of the two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD DEC 1
PY 2014
VL 226
BP 124
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.07.028
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AR1NG
UT WOS:000343351300010
ER
PT J
AU Bunting, DP
Kurc, SA
Glenn, EP
Nagler, PL
Scott, RL
AF Bunting, D. P.
Kurc, S. A.
Glenn, E. P.
Nagler, P. L.
Scott, R. L.
TI Insights for empirically modeling evapotranspiration influenced by
riparian and upland vegetation in semiarid regions
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Eddy covariance; EVI; Land surface temperature; MODIS; NDVI; Remote
sensing
ID TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA STANDS; WOODY-PLANT ENCROACHMENT; CARBON-DIOXIDE
EXCHANGE; CATCHMENT WATER-BALANCE; SOIL-MOISTURE RETRIEVAL; LOWER
COLORADO RIVER; EDDY COVARIANCE; POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; GROUND
MEASUREMENTS; FLUX TOWERS
AB Water resource managers aim to ensure long-term water supplies for increasing human populations. Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water balance and accurate estimates are important to quantify safe allocations to humans while supporting environmental needs. Scaling up ET measurements from small spatial scales has been problematic due to spatiotemporal variability. Remote sensing products provide spatially distributed data that account for seasonal climate and vegetation variability. We used MODIS products [i.e., Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and nighttime land surface temperatures (LSTn)] to create empirical ET models calibrated using measured ET from three riparian-influenced and two upland, water-limited flux tower sites. Results showed that combining all sites introduced systematic bias, so we developed separate models to estimate riparian and upland ET. While EVI and LSTn were the main drivers for ET in riparian sites, precipitation replaced LSTn as the secondary driver of ET in upland sites. Riparian ET was successfully modeled using an inverse exponential approach (r(2) = 0.92) while upland ET was adequately modeled using a multiple linear regression approach (r(2) = 0.77). These models can be used in combination to estimate ET at basin scales provided each region is classified and precipitation data is available. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bunting, D. P.; Kurc, S. A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Kurc, S. A.; Glenn, E. P.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Nagler, P. L.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Sonoran Desert Res Stn, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Scott, R. L.] ARS, USDA, Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Bunting, DP (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM bunting_ph5@yahoo.com
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Fellowship
FX This work is supported by a National Science Foundation Graduate
Fellowship. The authors thank the principal investigators in charge of
maintaining and processing eddy covariance flux tower data used in this
research as well as the personnel affiliated with the MODIS ORNL-DAAC
for sharing data associated with this research. This version of the
manuscript has benefited greatly from the comments of two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 70
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 26
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 111
BP 42
EP 52
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.06.007
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR1LW
UT WOS:000343347700007
ER
PT J
AU Coates, PS
Howe, KB
Casazza, ML
Delehanty, DJ
AF Coates, Peter S.
Howe, Kristy B.
Casazza, Michael L.
Delehanty, David J.
TI Common raven occurrence in relation to energy transmission line
corridors transiting human-altered sagebrush steppe
SO JOURNAL OF ARID ENVIRONMENTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anthropogenic development; Corvus corax; Energy development; Habitat;
Probability of occurrence; Resource selection probability function
ID GREATER SAGE-GROUSE; RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; SOUTHWESTERN IDAHO;
NEST PREDATION; MOJAVE DESERT; HABITAT USE; FRAGMENTATION; POPULATION;
CALIFORNIA; LANDSCAPE
AB Energy-related infrastructure and other human enterprises within sagebrush steppe of the American West often results in changes that promote common raven (Corvus corax; hereafter, raven) populations. Ravens, a generalist predator capable of behavioral innovation, present a threat to many species of conservation concern. We evaluate the effects of detailed features of an altered landscape on the probability of raven occurrence using extensive raven survey (n = 1045) and mapping data from southern Idaho, USA. We found nonlinear relationships between raven occurrence and distances to transmission lines, roads, and facilities. Most importantly, raven occurrence was greater with presence of transmission lines up to 2.2 km from the corridor. We further explain variation in raven occurrence along anthropogenic features based on the amount of non-native vegetation and cover type edge, such that ravens select fragmented sagebrush stands with patchy, exotic vegetative introgression. Raven occurrence also increased with greater length of edge formed by the contact of big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata spp.) with non-native vegetation cover types. In consideration of increasing alteration of sagebrush steppe, these findings will be useful for planning energy transmission corridor placement and other management activities where conservation of sagebrush obligate species is a priority. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Coates, Peter S.; Howe, Kristy B.; Casazza, Michael L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Howe, Kristy B.; Delehanty, David J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA.
[Howe, Kristy B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Coates, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite B, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM pcoates@usgs.gov
OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X
FU Department of Biological Sciences of Idaho State University; Wildlife
Conservation Society; Bureau of Land Management [DLA080105]; Gonzales
Stoller Surveillance; U.S. Department of Energy; Idaho National
Laboratory
FX This research was conducted through the academic, logistic and financial
support of the Department of Biological Sciences of Idaho State
University, Wildlife Conservation Society, Bureau of Land Management
(DLA080105), Gonzales Stoller Surveillance, U.S. Department of Energy,
and Idaho National Laboratory. We particularly recognize B. Gustafson
and B. Brussee for assistance in GIS application. Data collection for
this study would not have been possible without the support of several
individuals including C. Jenkins, J. Lowe, T. Mathis, J. Burrell, S.
Bergen, D. Halford, R. Blew, J. Shive, and Q. Shurtliff. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 50
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0140-1963
EI 1095-922X
J9 J ARID ENVIRON
JI J. Arid. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 111
BP 68
EP 78
DI 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2014.08.004
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR1LW
UT WOS:000343347700010
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, K
Irwin, B
Kramer, D
Urquhart, G
AF Stevens, Kara
Irwin, Brian
Kramer, Daniel
Urquhart, Gerald
TI Impact of increasing market access on a tropical small-scale fishery
SO MARINE POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE Market access; Small-scale fisheries; Globalization; Trophic level;
Estuary; Nicaragua
ID COMMON SNOOK; CENTROPOMUS-UNDECIMALIS; SOCIOECONOMIC-FACTORS;
LIFE-HISTORY; INDICATORS; FLORIDA; COMMUNITIES; MANAGEMENT;
CATCHABILITY; NICARAGUA
AB Small-scale fisheries have historically been marginalized in management and policy investments, and they often remain under-reported in national economic and fisheries statistics. Even so, small-scale fisheries are not entirely buffered from the impacts of globalization, such as the introduction and expansion of markets. This study measures the long-term impact of market-access on a coastal fishery on Nicaragua's remote Atlantic Coast from approximately the time when fishermen had access to stable and predictable local markets until the present, when the region has been transformed by road connection. In the last four years, fisheries trade has expanded as road connection has facilitated export to distant markets. Fishery-independent surveys were used to measure changes in indicators of fish-community status such as length-frequency, mean trophic level, and relative biomass. Species-level changes in relative biomass of common snook Centropomus undecimalis and gafftopsail catfish Bagre marinas were also evaluated since these species are the most economically valuable and likely account for the most fish biomass in the system. Using historical records, reports, current observations and interviews, changes in indicators of fishing intensity and market access over the past 17 years were assessed. From 1994 to 2011, community and species-specific metrics of the lagoon fishery declined significantly across all indicators examined. The potential social and economic outcomes of the decline in the fishery are far-reaching for the region, because this tropical fishery comprises the main source of protein and income for residents of twelve indigenous and Afro-descendent communities. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stevens, Kara; Kramer, Daniel] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Irwin, Brian] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Foresby & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Kramer, Daniel] James Madison Coll, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Urquhart, Gerald] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48825 USA.
[Urquhart, Gerald] Lyman Briggs Coll, E Lansing, MI 48825 USA.
RP Stevens, K (reprint author), 2380 Champlain St NW 203, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
EM stevenskara@yahoo.com; irwin@uga.edu; dbk@msu.edu; urquhart@msu.edu
NR 56
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0308-597X
EI 1872-9460
J9 MAR POLICY
JI Mar. Pol.
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 50
BP 46
EP 52
DI 10.1016/j.marpol.2014.05.007
PN A
PG 7
WC Environmental Studies; International Relations
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; International Relations
GA AQ1FW
UT WOS:000342528300006
ER
PT J
AU Pipek, V
Liu, SB
Kerne, A
AF Pipek, Volkmar
Liu, Sophia B.
Kerne, Andruid
TI Crisis Informatics and Collaboration: A Brief Introduction
SO COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK-THE JOURNAL OF COLLABORATIVE
COMPUTING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Pipek, Volkmar] Univ Siegen, Inst Informat Syst, D-57068 Siegen, Germany.
[Liu, Sophia B.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Kerne, Andruid] Texas A&M Univ, Interface Ecol Lab, College Stn, TX USA.
RP Pipek, V (reprint author), Univ Siegen, Inst Informat Syst, D-57068 Siegen, Germany.
EM volkmar.pipek@uni-siegen.de; sophialiu@usgs.gov; andruid@cse.tamu.edu
OI Pipek, Volkmar/0000-0002-3136-307X
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-9724
EI 1573-7551
J9 COMPUT SUPP COOP W J
JI Comput. Support. Coop. Work
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4-6
SI SI
BP 339
EP 345
DI 10.1007/s10606-014-9211-4
PG 7
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA AP2OF
UT WOS:000341911600001
ER
PT J
AU Liu, SB
AF Liu, Sophia B.
TI Crisis Crowdsourcing Framework: Designing Strategic Configurations of
Crowdsourcing for the Emergency Management Domain
SO COMPUTER SUPPORTED COOPERATIVE WORK-THE JOURNAL OF COLLABORATIVE
COMPUTING
LA English
DT Article
DE Articulation work; Conceptual framework; Crisis informatics; Crisis
mapping; Crowdsourcing; Crowdwork; Digital volunteers; Disasters;
Emergency management; Human computation; Information management; Social
media
ID CITIZEN-SCIENCE; DISASTER; INFORMATION; EARTHQUAKE; SUPPORT; WORK;
ARTICULATION; KNOWLEDGE; PROJECT
AB Crowdsourcing is not a new practice but it is a concept that has gained substantial attention during recent disasters. Drawing from previous work in the crisis informatics, disaster sociology, and computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW) literature, this paper first explains recent conceptualizations of crowdsourcing and how crowdsourcing is a way of leveraging disaster convergence. The CSCW concept of "articulation work" is introduced as an interpretive frame for extracting the salient dimensions of "crisis crowdsourcing." Then, a series of vignettes are presented to illustrate the evolution of crisis crowdsourcing that spontaneously emerged after the 2010 Haiti earthquake and evolved to more established forms of public engagement during crises. The best practices extracted from the vignettes clarified the efforts to formalize crisis crowdsourcing through the development of innovative interfaces designed to support the articulation work needed to facilitate spontaneous volunteer efforts. Extracting these best practices led to the development of a conceptual framework that unpacks the key dimensions of crisis crowdsourcing. The Crisis Crowdsourcing Framework is a systematic, problem-driven approach to determining the why, who, what, when, where, and how aspects of a crowdsourcing system. The framework also draws attention to the social, technological, organizational, and policy (STOP) interfaces that need to be designed to manage the articulation work involved with reducing the complexity of coordinating across these key dimensions. An example of how to apply the framework to design a crowdsourcing system is offered with a discussion on the implications for applying this framework as well as the limitations of this framework. Innovation is occurring at the social, technological, organizational, and policy interfaces enabling crowdsourcing to be operationalized and integrated into official products and services.
C1 US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Liu, SB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 600 4th St South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM sophialiu@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX The research reported here is supported through a U.S. Geological Survey
Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship awarded to Sophia B. Liu. The author
would like to thank Paul Earle and Barbara Poore for their early
involvement and guidance on this manuscript, the research participants
for their insights and feedback, Betsy Boynton for her contributions to
the Crisis Crowdsourcing Framework graphic, and the anonymous reviewers
for helping to improve the structure and concepts of the paper. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 120
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 127
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-9724
EI 1573-7551
J9 COMPUT SUPP COOP W J
JI Comput. Support. Coop. Work
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4-6
SI SI
BP 389
EP 443
DI 10.1007/s10606-014-9204-3
PG 55
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Computer Science
GA AP2OF
UT WOS:000341911600003
ER
PT J
AU Liang, L
Schwartz, MD
Wang, ZS
Gao, F
Schaaf, CB
Tan, B
Morisette, JT
Zhang, XY
AF Liang, Liang
Schwartz, Mark D.
Wang, Zhuosen
Gao, Feng
Schaaf, Crystal B.
Tan, Bin
Morisette, Jeffrey T.
Zhang, Xiaoyang
TI A Cross Comparison of Spatiotemporally Enhanced Springtime Phenological
Measurements From Satellites and Ground in a Northern U.S. Mixed Forest
SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Daily Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS); Earth
Observing System (EOS) land validation core sites; landscape phenology
(LP); land surface phenology (LSP); phenology; Spatial and Temporal
Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model (STARFM)
ID DECIDUOUS BROADLEAF FOREST; LAND-SURFACE PHENOLOGY; IMAGING
SPECTRORADIOMETER MODIS; REFLECTANCE FUSION MODEL; LEAF-AREA INDEX;
VEGETATION PHENOLOGY; CANOPY PHENOLOGY; TEMPORAL RESOLUTION;
NEAR-SURFACE; DYNAMICS
AB Cross comparison of satellite-derived land surface phenology (LSP) and ground measurements is useful to ensure the relevance of detected seasonal vegetation change to the underlying biophysical processes. While standard 16-day and 250-m Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation index (VI)-based springtime LSP has been evaluated in previous studies, it remains unclear whether LSP with enhanced temporal and spatial resolutions can capture additional details of ground phenology. In this paper, we compared LSP derived from 500-m daily MODIS and 30-m MODIS-Landsat fused VI data with landscape phenology (LP) in a northern U. S. mixed forest. LP was previously developed from intensively observed deciduous and coniferous tree phenology using an upscaling approach. Results showed that daily MODIS-based LSP consistently estimated greenup onset dates at the study area (625 m x 625 m) level with 4.48 days of mean absolute error (MAE), slightly better than that of using 16-day standard VI (4.63 days MAE). For the observed study areas, the time series with increased number of observations confirmed that post-bud burst deciduous tree phenology contributes the most to vegetation reflectance change. Moreover, fused VI time series demonstrated closer correspondences with LP at the community level (0.1-20 ha) than using MODIS alone at the study area level (390 ha). The fused LSP captured greenup onset dates for respective forest communities of varied sizes and compositions with four days of the overall MAE. This study supports further use of spatiotemporally enhanced LSP for more precise phenological monitoring.
C1 [Liang, Liang] Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Schwartz, Mark D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Wang, Zhuosen; Schaaf, Crystal B.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Environm, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Wang, Zhuosen] NASA, Terr Informat Syst Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Wang, Zhuosen] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, NASA, Postdoctoral Program, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Gao, Feng] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Tan, Bin] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sigma Space Corp, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Morisette, Jeffrey T.] Colorado State Univ, North Cent Climate Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Zhang, Xiaoyang] S Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Liang, L (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Geog, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM liang.liang@uky.edu
FU National Science Foundation [BCS-0649380, BCS-0703360]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNX12AL38G]
FX This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under
Grant BCS-0649380 and Grant BCS-0703360 and in part by the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration under Grant NNX12AL38G.
NR 70
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 8
U2 58
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 0196-2892
EI 1558-0644
J9 IEEE T GEOSCI REMOTE
JI IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sensing
PD DEC
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 12
BP 7513
EP 7526
DI 10.1109/TGRS.2014.2313558
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science
& Photographic Technology
GA AO7KM
UT WOS:000341532100004
ER
PT J
AU Delin, GN
Herkelrath, WN
AF Delin, Geoffrey N.
Herkelrath, William N.
TI Effects of a Dual-Pump Crude-Oil Recovery System, Bemidji, Minnesota,
USA
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID NONAQUEOUS PHASE HYDROCARBON; FINE-GRAINED SANDSTONE; SPILL SITE;
MONITORING WELLS; AQUIFER; VOLUME; BIODEGRADATION; THICKNESS
AB A crude-oil spill occurred in 1979 when a pipeline burst near Bemidji, MN. In 1998, the pipeline company installed a dual-pump recovery system designed to remove crude oil remaining in the subsurface at the site. The remediation from 1999 to 2003 resulted in removal of about 115,000 L of crude oil, representing between 36% and 41% of the volume of oil (280,000 to 316,000 L) estimated to be present in 1998. Effects of the 1999 to 2003 remediation on the dissolved plume were evaluated using measurements of oil thicknesses in wells plus measurements of dissolved oxygen in groundwater. Although the recovery system decreased oil thicknesses in the immediate vicinity of the remediation wells, average oil thicknesses measured in wells were largely unaffected. Dissolved-oxygen measurements indicate that a secondary plume was caused by disposal of the pumped water in an upgradient infiltration gallery; this plume expanded rapidly immediately following the start of the remediation in 1999. The result was expansion of the anoxic zone of groundwater upgradient and beneath the existing natural attenuation plume. Oil-phase recovery at this site was shown to be challenging, and considerable volumes of mobile and entrapped oil remain in the subsurface despite remediation efforts.
C1 [Delin, Geoffrey N.] USGS, DFC, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Herkelrath, William N.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Delin, GN (reprint author), USGS, DFC, Box 25046,MS 406, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM delin@usgs.gov; wnherkel@usgs.gov
RI fadel, khaled/A-6888-2013
FU USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology Program; USGS National Research
Program; Enbridge Energy Ltd. Pipeline Company; Minnesota Pollution
Control Agency
FX The efforts of numerous USGS employees as well as researchers from
numerous universities are appreciated for their assistance with
technical consultation as well as various analyses and data collection
associated with this paper. We thank in particular our USGS colleagues
in the Minnesota Water Science Center for sample collection and
analytical support. The authors thank technical reviewer's Barbara A.
Bekins, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, Melinda L. Erickson, and Don Lundy as
well as two anonymous reviewers for providing valuable comments that
significantly improved this paper. This research was supported primarily
through the USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology Program with additional
support through the USGS National Research Program. The authors
acknowledge the support of the Enbridge Energy Ltd. Pipeline Company as
well as the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency in this research. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 48
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 757
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1069-3629
EI 1745-6592
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD WIN
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 1
BP 57
EP 67
DI 10.1111/gwmr.12040
PG 11
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AB2IU
UT WOS:000331617200022
ER
PT J
AU Bartholomay, RC
Twining, BV
Rose, PE
AF Bartholomay, Roy C.
Twining, Brian V.
Rose, Peter E.
TI Ambient Changes in Tracer Concentrations from a Multilevel Monitoring
System in Basalt
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID FRACTURED ROCK; TRANSPORT
AB Starting in 2008, a 4-year tracer study was conducted to evaluate ambient changes in groundwater concentrations of a 1,3,6-naphthalene trisulfonate tracer that was added to drill water. Samples were collected under open borehole conditions and after installing a multilevel groundwater monitoring system completed with 11 discrete monitoring zones within dense and fractured basalt and sediment layers in the eastern Snake River aquifer. The study was done in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Energy to test whether ambient fracture flow conditions were sufficient to remove the effects of injected drill water prior to sample collection. Results from thief samples indicated that the tracer was present in minor concentrations 28 days after coring, but was not present 6 months after coring or 7 days after reaming the borehole. Results from sampling the multilevel monitoring system indicated that small concentrations of the tracer remained in 5 of 10 zones during some period after installation. All concentrations were several orders of magnitude lower than the initial concentrations in the drill water. The ports that had remnant concentrations of the tracer were either located near sediment layers or were located in dense basalt, which suggests limited groundwater flow near these ports. The ports completed in well-fractured and vesicular basalt had no detectable concentrations.
C1 [Bartholomay, Roy C.; Twining, Brian V.] US Geol Survey, Idaho Natl Lab, Project Off, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Rose, Peter E.] Univ Utah, Energy & Geosci Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
RP Bartholomay, RC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Idaho Natl Lab, Project Off, 1955 N Fremont Ave, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
EM rcbarth@usgs.gov; btwining@usgs.gov; prose@egi.utah.edu
FU U.S. Department of Energy
FX This study was supported by funding provided by the U.S. Department of
Energy. Appreciation is extended to Jayson Blom, Betty Tucker, and Neil
Maimer of the USGS for their assistance with sampling. The authors also
thank the reviewers of the paper for their comments and suggestions to
improve the manuscript.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 63
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1069-3629
EI 1745-6592
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD WIN
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 1
BP 79
EP 88
DI 10.1111/gwmr.12038
PG 10
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AB2IU
UT WOS:000331617200024
ER
PT J
AU Buzas, MA
Hayek, LAC
Culver, SJ
Hayward, BW
Osterman, LE
AF Buzas, Martin A.
Hayek, Lee-Ann C.
Culver, Stephen J.
Hayward, Bruce W.
Osterman, Lisa E.
TI Ecological and evolutionary consequences of benthic community stasis in
the very deep sea (> 1500 m)
SO PALEOBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN ARCTIC-OCEAN; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES;
CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; BENTHONIC FORAMINIFERA; LATITUDINAL-GRADIENT;
BETA-DIVERSITY; NORTH-AMERICA; SHE ANALYSIS; PATTERNS
AB An enigma of deep-sea biodiversity research is that the abyss with its low productivity and densities appears to have a biodiversity similar to that of shallower depths. This conceptualization of similarity is based mainly on per-sample estimates (point diversity, within-habitat, or alpha-diversity). Here, we use a measure of between-sample within-community diversity (beta(1H),) to examine benthic foraminiferal diversity between 333 stations within 49 communties from New Zealand, the South Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, the Norwegian Sea, and the Arctic. The communities are grouped into two depth categories: 200-1500 m and >1500 m. beta(1H) diversity exhibits no evidence of regional differences. Instead, higher values at shallower depths are observed worldwide. At depths of >1500 m the average beta(1H) is zero, indicating stasis or no biodiversity gradient. The difference in beta(1H)-diversity explains why, despite species richness often being greater per sample at deeper depths, the total number of species is greater at shallower depths. The greater number of communities and higher rate of evolution resulting in shorter species durations at shallower depths is also consistent with higher beta(1H) values.
C1 [Buzas, Martin A.; Hayek, Lee-Ann C.] Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Culver, Stephen J.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Hayward, Bruce W.] Geomarine Res, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Osterman, Lisa E.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Buzas, MA (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, NHB MRC 121, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
EM buzasm@si.edu
FU Petroleum Research Fund
FX We thank J. Jett for all her help. We thank M. Powell and an anonymous
reviewer for improving the manuscript. We acknowledge the efforts of
many previous workers whose data underpin this paper. Acknowledgement is
also made to the donors of the Petroleum Research Fund, administered by
the American Chemical Society, for partial support of this research.
NR 64
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 172
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0094-8373
EI 1938-5331
J9 PALEOBIOLOGY
JI Paleobiology
PD WIN
PY 2014
VL 40
IS 1
BP 102
EP 112
DI 10.1666/13010
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology; Paleontology
GA 287GH
UT WOS:000329529500008
ER
PT J
AU Penna, D
Ahmad, M
Birks, SJ
Bouchaou, L
Brencic, M
Butt, S
Holko, L
Jeelani, G
Martinez, DE
Melikadze, G
Shanley, JB
Sokratov, SA
Stadnyk, T
Sugimoto, A
Vreca, P
AF Penna, D.
Ahmad, M.
Birks, S. J.
Bouchaou, L.
Brencic, M.
Butt, S.
Holko, L.
Jeelani, G.
Martinez, D. E.
Melikadze, G.
Shanley, J. B.
Sokratov, S. A.
Stadnyk, T.
Sugimoto, A.
Vreca, P.
TI A new method of snowmelt sampling for water stable isotopes
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE passive capillary sampler; snowmelt; water isotopes; snow core; snowmelt
lysimeter
ID HYDROGRAPH SEPARATION; CLIMATE; FRACTIONATION; SNOWPACK
AB We modified a passive capillary sampler (PCS) to collect snowmelt water for isotopic analysis. Past applications of PCSs have been to sample soil water, but the novel aspect of this study was the placement of the PCSs at the ground-snowpack interface to collect snowmelt. We deployed arrays of PCSs at 11 sites in ten partner countries on five continents representing a range of climate and snow cover worldwide. The PCS reliably collected snowmelt at all sites and caused negligible evaporative fractionation effects in the samples. PCS is low-cost, easy to install, and collects a representative integrated snowmelt sample throughout the melt season or at the melt event scale. Unlike snow cores, the PCS collects the water that would actually infiltrate the soil; thus, its isotopic composition is appropriate to use for tracing snowmelt water through the hydrologic cycle. The purpose of this Briefing is to show the potential advantages of PCSs and recommend guidelines for constructing and installing them based on our preliminary results from two snowmelt seasons. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Penna, D.] Univ Padua, Dept Land Environm Agr & Forestry, I-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
[Penna, D.] Free Univ Bozen Bolzano, Fac Sci & Technol, Bozen Bolzano, Italy.
[Ahmad, M.] IAEA, Isotope Hydrol Sect, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Birks, S. J.] Technol Futures, Alberta Innovates, Calgary, AB, Canada.
[Bouchaou, L.] Univ Ibn Zohr, Lab Appl Geol & Geoenvironm, Fac Sci, Agadir, Morocco.
[Brencic, M.] Univ Ljubljana, Fac Nat Sci & Engn, Dept Geol, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Brencic, M.] Geol Survey Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Butt, S.] Pakistan Inst Nucl Sci & Technol, Isotope Applicat Div, Islamabad, Pakistan.
[Holko, L.] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Hydrol, Liptovsky Mikulas, Slovakia.
[Jeelani, G.] Univ Kashmir, Dept Earth Sci, Srinagar 190006, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
[Martinez, D. E.] Natl Univ Mar del Plata, Inst Geol Costas & Cuaternario, IIMyC, CONICET, Mar Del Plata, Argentina.
[Melikadze, G.] Tbilisi State Univ, Inst Geophys, GE-380086 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia.
[Shanley, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT USA.
[Sokratov, S. A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Nat Risk Assessment Lab, Fac Geog, Moscow, Russia.
[Sokratov, S. A.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Lab Snow Avalanches & Debris Flows, Moscow, Russia.
[Stadnyk, T.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Civil Engn, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[Sugimoto, A.] Hokkaido Univ, Fac Environm Earth Sci, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
[Vreca, P.] Jozef Stefan Inst, Dept Environm Sci, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
RP Penna, D (reprint author), Univ Padua, Dept Land Environm Agr & Forestry, Viale Univ 16, I-35020 Legnaro, PD, Italy.
EM daniele.penna@unipd.it
RI Sokratov, Sergey/A-6602-2011; Penna, Daniele/A-5084-2012; Ahmad,
maqsood/F-5850-2015;
OI Sokratov, Sergey/0000-0001-9265-2935; Penna,
Daniele/0000-0001-6915-0697; MARTINEZ, Daniel Emilio/0000-0002-7640-1754
FU International Atomic Energy Agency Cooperative Research Project
[F3.20.06]
FX We gratefully acknowledge the technical and funding support of
International Atomic Energy Agency Cooperative Research Project number
F3.20.06 'Use of environmental isotopes in assessing water resources in
snow, glacier, and permafrost dominated areas under changing climatic
conditions', which made this project possible. We also thank Brent
Newman for introducing us to the idea of using the PCS, Tomas Vitvar for
useful discussions, and Manfred Jaklitsch and Joze Heric for their help
with the PCS design. We also thank the many technicians and
collaborators who helped with the field and experimental work at each
nation's site, and the respective national funding agencies. We thank
John Campbell (US Forest Service) for giving suggestions on an early
version of the paper and two anonymous reviewers for their constructive
comments.
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD NOV 30
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 22
BP 5637
EP 5644
DI 10.1002/hyp.10273
PG 8
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AR9AH
UT WOS:000343862400012
ER
PT J
AU Powers, SM
Robertson, DM
Stanley, EH
AF Powers, S. M.
Robertson, D. M.
Stanley, E. H.
TI Effects of lakes and reservoirs on annual river nitrogen, phosphorus,
and sediment export in agricultural and forested landscapes
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Reservoir; lake; river; nutrient; nitrogen; phosphorus
ID NUTRIENT SOURCES; WATER-QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; LAND-COVER; STREAMS;
RETENTION; NITRATE; BASIN; FLUX; DENITRIFICATION
AB Recently, effects of lakes and reservoirs on river nutrient export have been incorporated into landscape biogeochemical models. Because annual export varies with precipitation, there is a need to examine the biogeochemical role of lakes and reservoirs over time frames that incorporate interannual variability in precipitation. We examined long-term (similar to 20years) time series of river export (annual mass yield, Y, and flow-weighted mean annual concentration, C) for total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), and total suspended sediment (TSS) from 54 catchments in Wisconsin, USA. Catchments were classified as small agricultural, large agricultural, and forested by use of a cluster analysis, and these varied in lentic coverage (percentage of catchment lake or reservoir water that was connected to river network). Mean annual export and interannual variability (CV) of export (for both Y and C) were higher in agricultural catchments relative to forested catchments for TP, TN, and TSS. In both agricultural and forested settings, mean and maximum annual TN yields were lower in the presence of lakes and reservoirs, suggesting lentic denitrification or N burial. There was also evidence of long-term lentic TP and TSS retention, especially when viewed in terms of maximum annual yield, suggesting sedimentation during high loading years. Lentic catchments had lower interannual variability in export. For TP and TSS, interannual variability in mass yield was often >50% higher than interannual variability in water yield, whereas TN variability more closely followed water (discharge) variability. Our results indicate that long-term mass export through rivers depends on interacting terrestrial, aquatic, and meteorological factors in which the presence of lakes and reservoirs can reduce the magnitude of export, stabilize interannual variability in export, as well as introduce export time lags. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Powers, S. M.; Stanley, E. H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Robertson, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP Powers, SM (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Environm Change Initiat, 1400 East Angela Blvd,Unit 117, South Bend, IN 46617 USA.
EM powers_s@nd.edu
OI Robertson, Dale/0000-0001-6799-0596; Stanley, Emily/0000-0003-4922-8121
FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0822700]
FX We thank David Saad, and numerous others from the U.S. Geological Survey
and Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources who have helped collect
and compile discharge and water quality records. Support was provided by
the National Science Foundation Cooperative Agreement to the North
Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research Program (NTL-LTER),
#DEB-0822700. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 55
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 9
U2 78
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD NOV 29
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 24
BP 5919
EP 5937
DI 10.1002/hyp.10083
PG 19
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AT6GB
UT WOS:000345036300009
ER
PT J
AU Creyts, TT
Ferraccioli, F
Bell, RE
Wolovick, M
Corr, H
Rose, KC
Frearson, N
Damaske, D
Jordan, T
Braaten, D
Finn, C
AF Creyts, Timothy T.
Ferraccioli, Fausto
Bell, Robin E.
Wolovick, Michael
Corr, Hugh
Rose, Kathryn C.
Frearson, Nicholas
Damaske, Detlef
Jordan, Tom
Braaten, David
Finn, Carol
TI Freezing of ridges and water networks preserves the Gamburtsev
Subglacial Mountains for millions of years
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE glaciology; Antarctica; ice sheet; freezing
ID ANTARCTIC ICE-SHEET; RICH BASAL ICE; ON MECHANISM; EROSION; LANDSCAPE;
MODEL; EVOLUTION; SEDIMENT; PERSPECTIVE; GLACIATION
AB Once an ice sheet grows beyond a critical thickness, the basal thermal regime favors melting and development of subglacial water networks. Subglacial water is necessary for bedrock erosion, but the exact mechanisms that lead to preservation of subglacial topography are unclear. Here we resolve the freezing mechanisms that lead to long-term, high-altitude preservation across the Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains in East Antarctica. Analyses of a comprehensive geophysical data set reveal a large-scale water network along valley floors. The ice sheet often drives subglacial water up steep topography where it freezes along high ridges beneath thinner ice. Statistical tests of hypsometry show the Gamburtsevs resemble younger midlatitude mountains, indicating exceptional preservation. We conclude that the Gamburtsevs have been shielded from erosion since the latest Eocene (approximate to 34 Ma). These freezing mechanisms likely account for the spatial and temporal patterns of erosion and preservation seen in other glaciated mountain ranges.
C1 [Creyts, Timothy T.; Bell, Robin E.; Wolovick, Michael; Frearson, Nicholas] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Ferraccioli, Fausto; Corr, Hugh; Jordan, Tom] British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge CB3 0ET, England.
[Rose, Kathryn C.] Univ Bristol, Sch Geog Sci, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Damaske, Detlef] Geozentrum Hannover, BGR, Hannover, Germany.
[Braaten, David] Univ Kansas, Ctr Remote Sensing Ice Sheets, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Finn, Carol] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Creyts, TT (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM tcreyts@ldeo.columbia.edu
FU U.S. NSF Polar Program; UK NERC; Federal Institute for Geosciences and
Resources, Germany
FX We thank field party members of the AGAP research campaign. We thank
V.K. Pedersen and D.L. Egholm for providing hypsometric data for global
mountain ranges. Members of Center For Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets
(CReSIS) kindly provided algorithms and data products used during this
analysis. We are grateful to R. Alley, M. Fahnestock, G. Flowers, and C.
Schoof for reviews of early versions of this manuscript. We are grateful
for the help of H. Abdi with figure preparation. Radar data are served
online by L-DEO and BAS. The resultant ice thickness data have been
incorporated into BEDMAP2 project and are served online by BAS. We thank
Stuart Thomson and an anonymous referee for constructive comments on
this manuscript. This work was made possible through support from the
U.S. NSF Polar Program, UK NERC, and the Federal Institute for
Geosciences and Resources, Germany.
NR 42
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD NOV 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 22
BP 8114
EP 8122
DI 10.1002/2014GL061491
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AX0LT
UT WOS:000346644600046
ER
PT J
AU Loperfido, JV
Noe, GB
Jarnagin, ST
Hogan, DM
AF Loperfido, J. V.
Noe, Gregory B.
Jarnagin, S. Taylor
Hogan, Dianna M.
TI Effects of distributed and centralized stormwater best management
practices and land cover on urban stream hydrology at the catchment
scale
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Stormwater best management practices; Low impact development;
Distributed treatment systems; Urban hydrology; Land cover; Chesapeake
Bay
ID LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT; WATER MANAGEMENT; INFILTRATION; BASEFLOW;
RUNOFF; PERFORMANCE
AB Urban stormwater runoff remains an important issue that causes local and regional-scale water quantity and quality issues. Stormwater best management practices (BMPs) have been widely used to mitigate runoff issues, traditionally in a centralized manner; however, problems associated with urban hydrology have remained. An emerging trend is implementation of BMPs in a distributed manner (multi-BMP treatment trains located on the landscape and integrated with urban design), but little catchment-scale performance of these systems have been reported to date. Here, stream hydrologic data (March, 2011September, 2012) are evaluated in four catchments located in the Chesapeake Bay watershed: one utilizing distributed stormwater BMPs, two utilizing centralized stormwater BMPs, and a forested catchment serving as a reference. Among urban catchments with similar land cover, geology and BMP design standards (i.e. 100-year event), but contrasting placement of stormwater BMPs, distributed BMPs resulted in: significantly greater estimated baseflow, a higher minimum precipitation threshold for stream response and maximum discharge increases, better maximum discharge control for small precipitation events, and reduced runoff volume during an extreme (1000-year) precipitation event compared to centralized BMPs. For all catchments, greater forest land cover and less impervious cover appeared to be more important drivers than stormwater BMP spatial pattern, and caused lower total, stormflow, and baseflow runoff volume; lower maximum discharge during typical precipitation events; and lower runoff volume during an extreme precipitation event. Analysis of hydrologic field data in this study suggests that both the spatial distribution of stormwater BMPs and land cover are important for management of urban stormwater runoff. In particular, catchment-wide application of distributed BMPs improved stream hydrology compared to centralized BMPs, but not enough to fully replicate forested catchment stream hydrology. Integrated planning of stormwater management, protected riparian buffers and forest land cover with suburban development in the distributed-BMP catchment enabled multi-purpose use of land that provided esthetic value and green-space, community gathering points, and wildlife habitat in addition to hydrologic stormwater treatment. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Loperfido, J. V.; Hogan, Dianna M.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Noe, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Jarnagin, S. Taylor] US Environm Protect Agcy, ORD NERL ESD, Landscape Ecol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Loperfido, JV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 521 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jloperfido@usgs.gov; gnoe@usgs.gov; jarnagin.taylor@epa.gov;
dhogan@usgs.gov
OI Noe, Gregory/0000-0002-6661-2646
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); United States Environmental Protection
Agency [DW14921533, DW14921811, DW14922385]; Montgomery County
Department of Environmental Protection; Fairfax County, VA
FX This work was supported by the following U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
Programs: Mendenhall Research Fellowship Program, Land Change Science,
Chesapeake Priority Ecosystem Studies, and the National Research
Program. The authors appreciate contributions from Keith Van Ness
(Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection); Annette
Hall, Daniel K. Jones, and Brianna Hammond (USGS Eastern Geographic
Science Center); John Jastram and Ken Hyer (USGS Virginia Water Science
Center); Ed Doheny and Matt Baker (USGS Maryland-DelawareD.C. Water
Science Center); Barry Croke for hydrologic discussions; and reviews
from Bill Selbig, T.A. Endreny, and anonymous reviewers. The United
States Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research
and Development collaborated in the research described here. The
manuscript has been subjected to Agency review and approved for
publication. The streamflow data referenced in this document have been
funded in part by the United States Environmental Protection Agency
under assistance agreements DW14921533, DW14921811, and DW14922385 to
the U.S. Geological Survey, Montgomery County Department of
Environmental Protection, and Fairfax County, VA.
NR 45
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 20
U2 92
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
SI SI
BP 2584
EP 2595
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.007
PN C
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5ED
UT WOS:000347595000019
ER
PT J
AU Sobieszczyk, S
Keith, MK
Rounds, SA
Goldman, JH
AF Sobieszczyk, Steven
Keith, Mackenzie K.
Rounds, Stewart A.
Goldman, Jami H.
TI Investigating organic matter in Fanno Creek, Oregon, Part 1 of 3:
Estimating annual foliar biomass for a deciduous-dominant urban riparian
corridor
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Foliar biomass; Leaf litter; Foliage; LiDAR; Allometric equations;
Organic matter
ID LITTER BREAKDOWN; PINE FORESTS; LEAF-LITTER; STREAMS; LIDAR; PARAMETERS;
WOODLAND; TREES; AREA
AB For this study, we explored the amount, type, and distribution of foliar biomass that is deposited annually as leaf litter to Fanno Creek and its floodplain in Portland, Oregon, USA. Organic matter is a significant contributor to the decreased dissolved oxygen concentrations observed in Fanno Creek each year and leaf litter is amongst the largest sources of organic matter to the stream channel and floodplain. Using a combination of field measurements and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) point cloud data, the annual foliar biomass was estimated for 13 stream reaches along the creek. Biomass estimates were divided into two sets: (1) the annual foliage available from the entire floodplain overstory canopy, and (2) the annual foliage overhanging the stream, which likely contributes leaf litter directly to the creek each year. Based on these computations, an estimated 991 (+/- 22%) metric tons (tonnes, t) of foliar biomass is produced annually above the floodplain, with about 136 t (+/- 24%) of that foliage falling directly into Fanno Creek. The distribution of foliar biomass varies by reach, with between 150 and 640 t/km(2) produced along the floodplain and between 400 and 1100 t/km(2) available over the channel. Biomass estimates vary by reach based primarily on the density of tree cover, with forest-dominant reaches containing more mature deciduous trees with broader tree canopies than either wetland or urban-dominant reaches, thus supplying more organic material to the creek. By quantifying the foliar biomass along Fanno Creek we have provided a reach-scale assessment of terrestrial organic matter loading, thereby providing land managers useful information for planning future restoration efforts. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sobieszczyk, Steven; Keith, Mackenzie K.; Rounds, Stewart A.; Goldman, Jami H.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR USA.
RP Sobieszczyk, S (reprint author), 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM ssobie@usgs.gov
OI Sobieszczyk, Steven/0000-0002-0834-8437
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 3001
EP 3009
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.06.054
PN D
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BZ
UT WOS:000347589600025
ER
PT J
AU Keith, MK
Sobieszczyk, S
Goldman, JH
Rounds, SA
AF Keith, Mackenzie K.
Sobieszczyk, Steven
Goldman, Jami H.
Rounds, Stewart A.
TI Investigating organic matter in Fanno Creek, Oregon, Part 2 of 3:
Sources, sinks, and transport of organic matter with fine sediment
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Organic matter; Erosion; Deposition; Total organic carbon; Suspended
sediment loads; Urban stream
ID BANK EROSION; TREE ROOTS; ALLUVIAL CHANNELS; STREAM; RIVER; MAGNITUDE;
EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; WETLAND; USA
AB Organic matter (OM) is abundant in Fanno Creek, Oregon, USA, and has been tied to a variety of water-quality concerns, including periods of low dissolved oxygen downstream in the Tualatin River, Oregon. The key sources of OM in Fanno Creek and other Tualatin River tributaries have not been fully identified, although isotopic analyses from previous studies indicated a predominantly terrestrial source. This study investigates the role of fine sediment erosion and deposition (mechanisms and spatial patterns) in relation to OM transport. Geomorphic mapping within the Fanno Creek floodplain shows that a large portion (approximately 70%) of the banks are eroding or subject to erosion, likely as a result of the imbalance caused by anthropogenic alteration. Field measurements of long- and short-term bank erosion average 4.2 cm/year and average measurements of deposition for the watershed are 4.8 cm/year. The balance between average annual erosion and deposition indicates an export of 3,250 metric tons (tonnes, t) of fine sediment to the Tualatin River-about twice the average annual export of 1,880 t of sediment at a location 2.4 km from the creek's mouth calculated from suspended sediment load regressions from continuous turbidity data and suspended sediment samples. Carbon content from field samples of bank material, combined with fine sediment export rates, indicates that about 29-67 t of carbon, or about 49-116 t of OM, from bank sediment may be exported to the Tualatin River from Fanno Creek annually, an estimate that is a lower bound because it does not account for the mass wasting of organic-rich O and A soil horizons that enter the stream. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Keith, Mackenzie K.; Sobieszczyk, Steven; Goldman, Jami H.; Rounds, Stewart A.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
RP Keith, MK (reprint author), 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM mkeith@usgs.gov
NR 75
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 3010
EP 3027
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.027
PN D
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BZ
UT WOS:000347589600026
ER
PT J
AU Goldman, JH
Rounds, SA
Keith, MK
Sobieszczyk, S
AF Goldman, Jami H.
Rounds, Stewart A.
Keith, Mackenzie K.
Sobieszczyk, Steven
TI Investigating organic matter in Fanno Creek, Oregon, Part 3 of 3:
Identifying and quantifying sources of organic matter to an urban stream
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Organic matter; Fluorescence spectroscopy; Urban stream; Stable
isotopes; FDOM; PARAFAC
ID FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS;
CARBON; RIVER; DOM; SYSTEMS; MARINE; WASTE; ACIDS
AB The sources, transport, and characteristics of organic matter (OM) in Fanno Creek, an urban stream in northwest Oregon, were assessed and quantified using: (1) optical instruments to calculate transported loads of dissolved, particulate, and total organic carbon, (2) fluorescence spectroscopy and stable isotope ratios (delta C-13, delta N-15) to elucidate sources and chemical properties of OM throughout the basin, and (3) synoptic sampling to investigate seasonal and hydrologic variations in the characteristics and quantity of OM. Results from this study indicate that of the roughly 324 (+/- 2.9%) metric tons (tonnes, t) of organic carbon exported from the basin during March 2012 to March 2013, most of the OM in Fanno Creek was dissolved (72%) and was present year-round at concentrations exceeding 3-4 milligrams of carbon per liter, whereas particulate carbon typically was mobilized and transported only by higher-flow conditions. The isotopic and fluorescence characteristics of Fanno Creek OM indicate that the carbon originates primarily from terrestrial inputs, most likely riparian vegetative biomass that enters the stream via litterfall and overland transport and then travels through the system episodically as a result of hydrologic processes. The amount of OM exported from the Fanno Creek drainage over the course of a year in this study is consistent with previous estimates of annual riparian litterfall in or near the creek. Although the creek channel is actively eroding, most bank material has too little OM for that to be a dominant source of OM to the stream. Fluorescence data revealed that the OM contains primarily humic and fulvic-like components that become less aromatic as the OM moves downstream. The most significant seasonal variation was associated with OM transported in the first storms of the autumn season (fall flush). That material was characteristically different, with a larger fraction of microbially derived OM that probably resulted from an accumulation of easy-to-mobilize and decomposing material in the streambed during previous months of summertime low-flow conditions. The first fall flush produced the highest concentrations of OM of the entire year, and the resulting load of mobilized and decomposing OM resulted in a significant oxygen demand immediately downstream in the Tualatin River. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Goldman, Jami H.; Rounds, Stewart A.; Keith, Mackenzie K.; Sobieszczyk, Steven] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
RP Goldman, JH (reprint author), 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM jgoldman@usgs.gov
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 3028
EP 3041
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.033
PN D
PG 14
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BZ
UT WOS:000347589600027
ER
PT J
AU Sacks, LA
Lee, TM
Swancar, A
AF Sacks, Laura A.
Lee, Terrie M.
Swancar, Amy
TI The suitability of a simplified isotope-balance approach to quantify
transient groundwater-lake interactions over a decade with climatic
extremes
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Stable isotopes; Oxygen-18; Water budget; Florida; Groundwater inflow;
Lake
ID WATER-BALANCE; MASS-BALANCE; RESIDENCE TIMES; STABLE-ISOTOPES;
RIVER-BASIN; FLORIDA; PRECIPITATION; RATIOS; DELTA-O-18; PALEOCLIMATE
AB Groundwater inflow to a subtropical seepage lake was estimated using a transient isotope-balance approach for a decade (2001-2011) with wet and dry climatic extremes. Lake water delta O-18 ranged from +0.80 parts per thousand to +3.48 parts per thousand, reflecting the 4 m range in stage. The transient delta O-18 analysis discerned large differences in semiannual groundwater inflow, and the overall patterns of low and high groundwater inflow were consistent with an independent water budget. Despite simplifying assumptions that the isotopic composition of precipitation (delta(P)), groundwater inflow, and atmospheric moisture (delta(A)) were constant, groundwater inflow was within the water-budget error for 12 of the 19 semiannual calculation periods. The magnitude of inflow was over or under predicted during periods of climatic extreme. During periods of high net precipitation from tropical cyclones and El Nino conditions, delta(P) values were considerably more depleted in O-18 than assumed. During an extreme dry period, delta(A) values were likely more enriched in O-18 than assumed due to the influence of local lake evaporate. Isotope balance results were most sensitive to uncertainties in relative humidity, evaporation, and delta O-18 of lake water, which can limit precise quantification of groundwater inflow. Nonetheless, the consistency between isotope-balance and water-budget results indicates that this is a viable approach for lakes in similar settings, allowing the magnitude of groundwater inflow to be estimated over less-than-annual time periods. Because lake-water delta O-18 is a good indicator of climatic conditions, these data could be useful in ground-truthing paleoclimatic reconstructions using isotopic data from lake cores in similar settings. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sacks, Laura A.] US Geol Survey, Castlegar, BC, Canada.
[Lee, Terrie M.; Swancar, Amy] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr Tampa, Lutz, FL 33559 USA.
RP Lee, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr Tampa, 4446 Pet Lane, Lutz, FL 33559 USA.
EM tmlee@usgs.gov
FU USGS; Southwest Florida Water Management District; [G11PX00054]
FX Funding for this project was from cooperative studies between the USGS
and the Southwest Florida Water Management District. Contracted work for
USGS was done under contract number G11PX00054. The authors are grateful
to residents of Lake Starr, who allowed access to their property to
support this study. We also thank Tyler Coplen and David Krabbenhoft,
with the USGS, and an anonymous reviewer for improving early drafts of
this manuscript.
NR 71
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 3042
EP 3053
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.12.012
PN D
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BZ
UT WOS:000347589600028
ER
PT J
AU Lee, TM
Sacks, LA
Swancar, A
AF Lee, Terrie M.
Sacks, Laura A.
Swancar, Amy
TI Exploring the long-term balance between net precipitation and net
groundwater exchange in Florida seepage lakes
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake; Evaporation; Water balance; Net precipitation; Groundwater;
Sustainable
ID NORTH-CENTRAL FLORIDA; ENERGY-BUDGET METHOD; POTENTIAL
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; VERTICAL CONDUCTANCE; UNITED-STATES; EVAPORATION;
CLIMATE; USA; LEAKAGE; FLOW
AB The long-term balance between net precipitation and net groundwater exchange that maintains thousands of seepage lakes in Florida's karst terrain is explored at a representative lake basin and then regionally for the State's peninsular lake district. The 15-year water budget of Lake Starr includes El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO)-related extremes in rainfall, and provides the longest record of Bowen ratio energy-budget (BREB) lake evaporation and lake-groundwater exchanges in the southeastern United States. Negative net precipitation averaging -25 cm/yr at Lake Starr overturns the previously-held conclusion that lakes in this region receive surplus net precipitation. Net groundwater exchange with the lake was positive on average but too small to balance the net precipitation deficit. Groundwater pumping effects and surface-water withdrawals from the lake widened the imbalance. Satellite-based regional estimates of potential evapotranspiration at five large lakes in peninsular Florida compared well with basin-scale evaporation measurements from seven open-water sites that used BREB methods. The regional average lake evaporation estimated for Lake Starr during 1996-2011 was within 5% of its measured average, and regional net precipitation agreed within 10%. Regional net precipitation to lakes was negative throughout central peninsular Florida and the net precipitation deficit increased by about 20 cm from north to south. Results indicate that seepage lakes farther south on the peninsula receive greater net groundwater inflow than northern lakes and imply that northern lakes are in comparatively leakier hydrogeologic settings. Findings reveal the peninsular lake district to be more vulnerable than was previously realized to drier climate, surface-water withdrawals from lakes, and groundwater pumping effects. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lee, Terrie M.; Swancar, Amy] US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr Tampa, Lutz, FL 33559 USA.
[Sacks, Laura A.] US Geol Survey, Castlegar, BC, Canada.
RP Lee, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Florida Water Sci Ctr Tampa, 4446 Pet Lane, Lutz, FL 33559 USA.
EM tmlee@usgs.gov
FU Southwest Florida Water Management District through the U.S. Geological
Survey Cooperative Water Program
FX This study and the long-term study of Lake Starr were the result of
funding by the Southwest Florida Water Management District through the
U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program. The authors gratefully
acknowledge the land owners in the Lake Starr basin who allowed us to
use their property, and the members of Lake of the Hills Community Club.
We also thank Jennifer Jacobs (Univ. New Hampshire), David Sumner,
Barclay Shoemaker, Rick Spechler (USGS), and three anonymous reviewers
for their reviews of the manuscript.
NR 83
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 3054
EP 3068
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.04.009
PN D
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BZ
UT WOS:000347589600029
ER
PT J
AU Fry, LM
Gronewold, AD
Fortin, V
Buan, S
Clites, AH
Luukkonen, C
Holtschlag, D
Diamond, L
Hunter, T
Seglenieks, F
Durnford, D
Dimitrijevic, M
Subich, C
Klyszejko, E
Kea, K
Restrepo, P
AF Fry, Lauren M.
Gronewold, Andrew D.
Fortin, Vincent
Buan, Steven
Clites, Anne H.
Luukkonen, Carol
Holtschlag, David
Diamond, Laura
Hunter, Timothy
Seglenieks, Frank
Durnford, Dorothy
Dimitrijevic, Milena
Subich, Christopher
Klyszejko, Erika
Kea, Kandace
Restrepo, Pedro
TI The Great Lakes Runoff Intercomparison Project Phase 1: Lake Michigan
(GRIP-M)
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Large scale hydrologic modeling; Model comparison; Water budget;
Laurentian Great Lakes
ID LAND-SURFACE SCHEME; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; UNGAUGED
BASINS; MODELING SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; UNCERTAINTY; PREDICTIONS;
HYDROLOGY; REGIONALIZATION
AB We assembled and applied five models (one of which included three different configurations) to the Lake Michigan basin to improve our understanding of how differences in model skill at simulating total runoff to Lake Michigan relate to model structure, calibration protocol, model complexity, and assimilation (i.e. replacement of simulated discharge with discharge observations into historical simulations), and evaluate historical changes in runoff to Lake Michigan. We found that the performance among these models when simulating total runoff to the lake varied relatively little, despite variability in model structure, spatial representation, input data, and calibration protocol. Relatively simple empirical, assimilative models, including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory (GLERL) area ratio-based model (ARM) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Analysis of Flows in Networks of CHannels (AFINCH) model, represent efficient and effective approaches to propagating discharge observations into basin-wide (including gaged and ungaged areas) runoff estimates, and may offer an opportunity to improve predictive models for simulating runoff to the Great Lakes. Additionally, the intercomparison revealed that the median of the simulations from non-assimilative models agrees well with assimilative models, suggesting that using a combination of different methodologies may be an appropriate approach for estimating runoff into the Great Lakes. We then applied one assimilative model (ARM) to the Lake Michigan basin and found that there was persistent reduction in the amount of precipitation that becomes runoff following 1998, corresponding to a period of persistent low Lake Michigan water levels. The study was conducted as a first phase of the Great Lakes Runoff Intercomparison Project, a regional binational collaboration that aims to systematically and rigorously assess a variety of models currently used (or that could readily be adapted) to simulate basin-scale runoff to the North American Laurentian Great Lakes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fry, Lauren M.] Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Fry, Lauren M.; Gronewold, Andrew D.; Clites, Anne H.; Hunter, Timothy] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Fortin, Vincent; Dimitrijevic, Milena; Subich, Christopher] Environm Canada, Environm Numer Predict Res Sect, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
[Buan, Steven; Diamond, Laura; Restrepo, Pedro] NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, North Cent River Forecast Ctr, Chanhassen, MN USA.
[Luukkonen, Carol; Holtschlag, David] US Geol Survey, Michigan Water Sci Ctr, Lansing, MI USA.
[Seglenieks, Frank] Environm Canada, Boundary Water Issues, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
[Durnford, Dorothy] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Dorval, PQ, Canada.
[Klyszejko, Erika] Environm Canada, Water Survey Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
[Kea, Kandace] Howard Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
RP Fry, LM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Cooperat Inst Limnol & Ecosyst Res, 4840 S State Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM lmfry@umich.edu
OI Subich, Christopher/0000-0002-6839-7687; Gronewold,
Andrew/0000-0002-3576-2529
FU Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research; University
of Michigan; NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory;
NOAA-GLERL [1723]
FX This work was partially completed under a post-doctoral fellowship with
the Cooperative Institute for Limnology and Ecosystems Research, awarded
under a Cooperative Agreement between the University of Michigan and the
NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory. This publication is
NOAA-GLERL Contribution No. 1723.
NR 91
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 3448
EP 3465
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.021
PN D
PG 18
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BZ
UT WOS:000347589600059
ER
PT J
AU Hanson, RT
Lockwood, B
Schmid, W
AF Hanson, R. T.
Lockwood, B.
Schmid, Wolfgang
TI Analysis of projected water availability with current basin management
plan, Pajaro Valley, California
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater; Climate; Management; Integrated hydrologic models; Water
allocation; Water recycling
AB The projection and analysis of the Pajaro Valley Hydrologic Model (PVHM) 34 years into the future using MODFLOW with the Farm Process (MF-FMP) facilitates assessment of potential future water availability. The projection is facilitated by the integrated hydrologic model, MF-FMP that fully couples the simulation of the use and movement of water from precipitation, streamflow, runoff, groundwater flow, and consumption by natural and agricultural vegetation throughout the hydrologic system at all times. MF-FMP allows for more complete analysis of conjunctive-use water-resource systems than previously possible with MODFLOW by combining relevant aspects of the landscape with the groundwater and surface-water components. This analysis is accomplished using distributed cell-by-cell supply-constrained and demand-driven components across the landscape within "water-balance subregions" (WBS) comprised of one or more model cells that can represent a single farm, a group of farms, watersheds, or other hydrologic or geopolitical entities. Analysis of conjunctive use would be difficult without embedding the fully coupled supply-and-demand into a fully coupled simulation, and are difficult to estimate a priori.
The analysis of projected supply and demand for the Pajaro Valley indicate that the current water supply facilities constructed to provide alternative local sources of supplemental water to replace coastal groundwater pumpage, but may not completely eliminate additional overdraft. The simulation of the coastal distribution system (CDS) replicates: 20 miles of conveyance pipeline, managed aquifer recharge and recovery (MARR) system that captures local runoff, and recycled-water treatment facility (RWF) from urban wastewater, along with the use of other blend water supplies, provide partial relief and substitution for coastal pumpage (aka in-lieu recharge). The effects of these Basin Management Plan (BMP) projects were analyzed subject to historical climate variations and assumptions of 2009 urban water demand and land use. Water supplied directly from precipitation, and indirectly from reuse, captured local runoff, and groundwater is necessary but inadequate to satisfy agricultural demand without coastal and regional storage depletion that facilitates seawater intrusion. These facilities reduce potential seawater intrusion by about 45% with groundwater levels in the four regions served by the CDS projected to recover to levels a few feet above sea level. The projected recoveries are not high enough to prevent additional seawater intrusion during dry-year periods or in the deeper aquifers where pumpage is greater. While these facilities could reduce coastal pumpage by about 55% of the historical 2000-2009 pumpage for these regions, and some of the water is delivered in excess of demand, other coastal regions continue to create demands on coastal pumpage that will need to be replaced to reduce seawater intrusion. In addition, inland urban and agricultural demands continue to sustain water levels below sea level causing regional landward gradients that also drive seawater intrusion. Seawater intrusion is reduced by about 45% but it supplies about 55% of the recovery of groundwater levels in the coastal regions served by the CDS. If economically feasible, water from summer agricultural runoff and tile-drain returnflows could be another potential local source of water that, if captured and reused, could offset the imbalance between supply and demand as well as reducing discharge of agricultural runoff into the National Marine Sanctuary of Monterey Bay. A BMP update (2012) identifies projects and programs that will fund a conservation program and will provide additional, alternative water sources to reduce or replace coastal and inland pumpage, and to replenish the aquifers with managed aquifer recharge in an inland portion of the Pajaro Valley. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hanson, R. T.] US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA 92107 USA.
[Lockwood, B.] Pajaro Valley Water Management Agcy, Watsonville, CA USA.
[Schmid, Wolfgang] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
RP Hanson, RT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92107 USA.
EM rthanson@usgs.gov; blockwood@pvwma.sta; wolfgang.schmid@csiro.au
RI Schmid, Wolfgang/H-9627-2013
OI Schmid, Wolfgang/0000-0001-6191-2781
FU Pajaro Valley Water Management Agency; U.S. Geological Survey
Cooperative Water Program
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the reviewers Derek Ryter (USGS)
as well as the journal reviews from the anonymous reviewers and Paul
Misut of the USGS. The authors would also like to thank Larry Schneider
for the illustrations. This work was co-funded by Pajaro Valley Water
Management Agency and the U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water
Program.
NR 28
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 131
EP 147
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.005
PN A
PG 17
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BY
UT WOS:000347589500011
ER
PT J
AU Cole, JC
Maloney, KO
Schmid, M
McKenna, JE
AF Cole, Jeffrey C.
Maloney, Kelly O.
Schmid, Matthias
McKenna, James E., Jr.
TI Developing and testing temperature models for regulated systems: A case
study on the Upper Delaware River
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermal regime; River management; Lotic fish habitat; Time series
analysis; Artificial Neural Networks; Mechanistic model
ID GOODNESS-OF-FIT; STREAM TEMPERATURE; WATER TEMPERATURE; AIR-TEMPERATURE;
NEURAL-NETWORKS; THERMAL REGIME; REGRESSION-MODEL; KLAMATH RIVER;
NEW-BRUNSWICK; DAM REMOVAL
AB Water temperature is an important driver of many processes in riverine ecosystems. If reservoirs are present, their releases can greatly influence downstream water temperatures. Models are important tools in understanding the influence these releases may have on the thermal regimes of downstream rivers. In this study, we developed and tested a suite of models to predict river temperature at a location downstream of two reservoirs in the Upper Delaware River (USA), a section of river that is managed to support a worldclass coldwater fishery. Three empirical models were tested, including a Generalized Least Squares Model with a cosine trend (GLScos), AutoRegressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN). We also tested one mechanistic Heat Flux Model (HFM) that was based on energy gain and loss. Predictor variables used in model development included climate data (e.g., solar radiation, wind speed, etc.) collected from a nearby weather station and temperature and hydrologic data from upstream U.S. Geological Survey gages. Models were developed with a training dataset that consisted of data from 2008 to 2011; they were then independently validated with a test dataset from 2012. Model accuracy was evaluated using root mean square error (RMSE), Nash Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), percent bias (PBIAS), and index of agreement (d) statistics. Model forecast success was evaluated using baseline-modified prime index of agreement (md) at the one, three, and five day predictions. All five models accurately predicted daily mean river temperature across the entire training dataset (RMSE = 0.58-1.311, NSE = 0.99-0.97, d = 0.98-0.99); ARIMA was most accurate (RMSE = 0.57, NSE = 0.99), but each model, other than ARIMA, showed short periods of under- or over-predicting observed warmer temperatures. For the training dataset, all models besides ARIMA had overestimation bias (PBIAS = -0.10 to -1.30). Validation analyses showed all models performed well; the HFM model was the most accurate compared other models (RMSE = 0.92, both NSE = 0.98, d = 0.99) and the ARIMA model was least accurate (RMSE = 2.06, NSE = 0.92, d = 0.98); however, all models had an overestimation bias (PBIAS = -4.1 to -10.20). Aside from the one day forecast ARIMA model (md = 0.53), all models forecasted fairly well at the one, three, and five day forecasts (md = 0.77-0.96). Overall, we were successful in developing models predicting daily mean temperature across a broad range of temperatures. These models, specifically the GLScos, ANN, and HFM, may serve as important tools for predicting conditions and managing thermal releases in regulated river systems such as the Delaware River. Further model development may be important in customizing predictions for particular biological or ecological needs, or for particular temporal or spatial scales. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Cole, Jeffrey C.; Maloney, Kelly O.] USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
[Schmid, Matthias] Univ Bonn, Dept Med Biometry, D-53105 Bonn, Germany.
[McKenna, James E., Jr.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Cole, JC (reprint author), USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
EM jccole@usgs.gov
FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) [SCHM 2966/1-1]; U.S. Department
of the Interior's WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America's Resources for
Tomorrow) program; U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Census
FX We thank James Serio, Erik Silldorf, and Peter Kolesar for discussions
on river characteristics and current management practices in the system.
We thank Barbara White for reviewing this manuscript. We thank the
various weather station personnel, especially staff at the Northeast
Climate Station for assisting us in obtaining available climate data
from stations near the Delaware River. Support for this project was
provided by the U.S. Department of the Interior's WaterSMART (Sustain
and Manage America's Resources for Tomorrow) program and the U.S.
Geological Survey's National Water Census. Use of trade, product or firm
names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The work of M.
Schmid was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), grant
SCHM 2966/1-1.
NR 75
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 588
EP 598
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.07.058
PN A
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BY
UT WOS:000347589500048
ER
PT J
AU Madison, AM
Ruark, MD
Stuntebeck, TD
Komiskey, MJ
Good, LW
Drummy, N
Cooley, ET
AF Madison, Allison M.
Ruark, Matthew D.
Stuntebeck, Todd D.
Komiskey, Matthew J.
Good, Lara W.
Drummy, Nancy
Cooley, Eric T.
TI Characterizing phosphorus dynamics in tile-drained agricultural fields
of eastern Wisconsin
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Phosphorus; Tile drainage; Manure
ID SUBSURFACE DRAINAGE; MANURE APPLICATION; WATER-QUALITY;
MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; NONPOINT POLLUTION; FARMING PRACTICES; SURFACE
WATERS; CLAY SOIL; LOSSES; TRANSPORT
AB Artificial subsurface drainage provides an avenue for the rapid transfer of phosphorus (P) from agricultural fields to surface waters. This is of particular interest in eastern Wisconsin, where there is a concentrated population of dairy farms and high clay content soils prone to macropore development. Through collaboration with private landowners, surface and tile drainage was measured and analyzed for dissolved reactive P (DRP) and total P (TP) losses at four field sites in eastern Wisconsin between 2005 and 2009. These sites, which received frequent manure applications, represent a range of crop management practices which include: two chisel plowed corn fields (CP1, CP2), a no-till corn-soybean field (NT), and a grazed pasture (GP). Subsurface drainage was the dominant pathway of water loss at each site accounting for 66-96% of total water discharge. Average annual flow-weighted (FW) TP concentrations were 0.88, 0.57, 0.21, and 1.32 mg L-1 for sites CP1, CP2, NT, and GP, respectively. Low TP concentrations at the NT site were due to tile drain interception of groundwater flow where large volumes of tile drainage water diluted the FW-TP concentrations. Subsurface pathways contributed between 17% and 41% of the TP loss across sites. On a drainage event basis, total drainage explained between 36% and 72% of the event DRP loads across CP1, CP2, and GP; there was no relationship between event drainflow and event DRP load at the NT site. Manure applications did not consistently increase P concentrations in drainflow, but annual FW-P concentrations were greater in years receiving manure applications compared to years without manure application. Based on these field measures, P losses from tile drainage must be integrated into field level P budgets and P loss calculations on heavily manured soils, while also acknowledging the unique drainage patterns observed in eastern Wisconsin. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Madison, Allison M.; Ruark, Matthew D.; Good, Lara W.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stuntebeck, Todd D.; Komiskey, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Drummy, Nancy] Univ Wisconsin Extens Discovery Farms, Waupun, WI 53963 USA.
[Cooley, Eric T.] Univ Wisconsin Extens Discovery Farms, Manitowoc, WI 54221 USA.
RP Ruark, MD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, 1525 Observ Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM ammadison@wisc.edu; mdruark@wisc.edu; tdstunte@usgs.gov;
mjkomisk@usgs.gov; lwgood@wisc.edu; eric.cooley@ces.uwex.edu
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 35
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 892
EP 901
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.016
PN A
PG 10
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BY
UT WOS:000347589500074
ER
PT J
AU Tillman, FD
Anning, DW
AF Tillman, Fred D.
Anning, David W.
TI A data reconnaissance on the effect of suspended-sediment concentrations
on dissolved-solids concentrations in rivers and tributaries in the
Upper Colorado River Basin
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Colorado River; Water quality; Salinity
ID PARTLY MIXED ESTUARY; FRANCISCO-BAY USA; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; TEMPORAL
VARIABILITY; SALINITY; PRODUCTIVITY; GEOCHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURE;
TRANSPORT; DISCHARGE
AB The Colorado River is one of the most important sources of water in the western United States, supplying water to over 35 million people in the U.S. and 3 million people in Mexico. High dissolved-solids loading to the River and tributaries are derived primarily from geologic material deposited in inland seas in the mid-to-late Cretaceous Period, but this loading may be increased by human activities. High dissolved solids in the River causes substantial damages to users, primarily in reduced agricultural crop yields and corrosion. The Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Program was created to manage dissolved-solids loading to the River and has focused primarily on reducing irrigation-related loading from agricultural areas. This work presents a reconnaissance of existing data from sites in the Upper Colorado River Basin (UCRB) in order to highlight areas where suspended-sediment control measures may be useful in reducing dissolved-solids concentrations. Multiple linear regression was used on data from 164 sites in the UCRB to develop dissolved-solids models that include combinations of explanatory variables of suspended sediment, flow, and time. Results from the partial t-test, overall likelihood ratio, and partial likelihood ratio on the models were used to group the sites into categories of strong, moderate, weak, and no-evidence of a relation between suspended-sediment and dissolved-solids concentrations. Results show 68 sites have strong or moderate evidence of a relation, with drainage areas for many of these sites composed of a large percentage of clastic sedimentary rocks. These results could assist water managers in the region in directing field-scale evaluation of suspended-sediment control measures to reduce UCRB dissolved-solids loading. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Tillman, Fred D.; Anning, David W.] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Tillman, FD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave,Suite 221, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM ftillman@usgs.gov
OI Tillman, Fred/0000-0002-2922-402X
FU Colorado River Basin Salinity Control Forum
FX This study was supported by the Colorado River Basin Salinity Control
Forum.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 1020
EP 1030
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.08.020
PN A
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AY5BY
UT WOS:000347589500086
ER
PT J
AU Jackson, TR
Apte, SV
Haggerty, R
AF Jackson, Tracie R.
Apte, Sourabh V.
Haggerty, Roy
TI Effect of multiple lateral cavities on stream solute transport under
non-Fickian conditions and at the Fickian asymptote
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lateral cavity; Transient storage; Mean residence time; Non-Fickian
transport; Stream solute transport
ID TRANSIENT STORAGE; LONGITUDINAL DISPERSION; HEADWATER STREAMS; GROYNE
FIELDS; FLOW; EXCHANGE; SURFACE; RETENTION; DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATION
AB In field studies of solute transport, transient storage within lateral cavities and other stream features generates breakthrough curves (BTCs) with pronounced and persistent skewness. Current solute transport theory requires that the coefficient of skewness (CSK) decrease over time because the system eventually reaches Fickian conditions. However, published data show that CSK is constant in time. To aid development of solute transport theory that explains field observations, we quantify the effect of lateral cavities on solute transport under non-Fickian and Fickian conditions. Six hydrodynamics models were developed: one with no lateral cavities, three with lateral cavities in series, and two with lateral cavities in parallel. Results reveal that lateral cavities in series have longer tails and smaller peak concentrations compared to lateral cavities in parallel. Lateral cavities in series cause greater dispersion and require larger distances to reach Fickian conditions (x(Fick)) compared to lateral cavities in parallel. Cavity configuration has a greater influence on longitudinal dispersion and X-Fick than the number of cavities present. CSK changes with monitoring location and maximum CSK (= 10-20) near lateral cavities is higher than empirical estimates (approximate to 1.18). We postulate that adding more transient storage zones would increase channel complexity and yield closer results between simulated and empirical CSK, and testing this hypothesis warrants future research. Finally, while current models can obtain good fits to measured BTCs by parameterizing mass exchange rates and volume ratios, these parameters do not adequately describe the fundamental fluid mechanics driving exchange. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Jackson, Tracie R.] US Geol Survey, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Jackson, Tracie R.; Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Apte, Sourabh V.] Oregon State Univ, Sch Mech Ind & Mfg Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Haggerty, Roy] Oregon State Univ, Inst Water & Watersheds, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Jackson, TR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM tjackson@usgs.gov; sva@engr.orst.edu; haggertr@geo.oregonstate.edu
RI Haggerty, Roy/A-5863-2009
FU National Science Foundation [EAR 09-43570]; CUAHSI Pathfinder Fellowship
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, EAR
09-43570. Laboratory experiment results used to verify CFD models were
obtained by T.R. Jackson, and funding for the flume study was provided
by the CUAHSI Pathfinder Fellowship awarded to T.R. Jackson. We would
like to thank the reviewers for their insightful comments, which have
helped to improve the quality of this manuscript.
NR 59
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 1707
EP 1722
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.036
PN B
PG 16
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AX6FH
UT WOS:000347018100039
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, MA
Lautz, LK
Buckley, SF
Lane, JW
AF Briggs, Martin A.
Lautz, Laura K.
Buckley, Sean F.
Lane, John W.
TI Practical limitations on the use of diurnal temperature signals to
quantify groundwater upwelling
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Surfacewater/groundwater interactions; Stream; Hyporheic; Thermal
refugia; Heat tracing; Upwelling
ID HYPORHEIC ZONE; SURFACE-WATER; TIME-SERIES; STREAMBED TEMPERATURES;
LOWLAND STREAM; HEAT; FLUX; DISCHARGE; EXCHANGE; PATTERNS
AB Groundwater upwelling to streams creates unique habitat by influencing stream water quality and temperature; upwelling zones also serve as vectors for contamination when groundwater is degraded. Temperature time series data acquired along vertical profiles in the streambed have been applied to simple analytical models to determine rates of vertical fluid flux. These models are based on the downward propagation characteristics (amplitude attenuation and phase-lag) of the surface diurnal signal. Despite the popularity of these models, there are few published characterizations of moderate-to-strong upwelling. We attribute this limitation to the thermodynamics of upwelling, under which the downward conductive signal transport from the streambed interface occurs opposite the upward advective fluid flux. Governing equations describing the advection-diffusion of heat within the streambed predict that under upwelling conditions, signal amplitude attenuation will increase, but, counterintuitively, phase-lag will decrease. Therefore the extinction (measurable) depth of the diurnal signal is very shallow, but phase lag is also short, yielding low signal to noise ratio and poor model sensitivity. Conversely, amplitude attenuation over similar sensor spacing is strong, yielding greater potential model sensitivity. Here we present streambed thermal time series over a range of moderate to strong upwelling sites in the Quash-net River, Cape Cod, Massachusetts. The predicted inverse relationship between phase-lag and rate of upwelling was observed in the field data over a range of conditions, but the observed phase-lags were consistently shorter than predicted. Analytical solutions for fluid flux based on signal amplitude attenuation return results consistent with numerical models and physical seepage meters, but the phase-lag analytical model results are generally unreasonable. Through numerical modeling we explore reasons why phase-lag may have been over-predicted by the analytical models, and develop guiding relations of diurnal temperature signal extinction depth based on stream diurnal signal amplitude, upwelling magnitude, and streambed thermal properties that will be useful in designing future experiments. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Briggs, Martin A.; Buckley, Sean F.; Lane, John W.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Lautz, Laura K.] Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Heroy Geol Lab 204, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA.
RP Briggs, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, 11 Sherman Pl,Unit 5015, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
RI Lautz, Laura/J-2274-2014
OI Lautz, Laura/0000-0002-5735-1114
FU U.S. Geological Survey; National Science Foundation [EAR-0901480]
FX We thank Don Rosenberry, Jud Harvey, Geoffrey Delin, Paul Barlow, Ramon
Naranjo and Denis LaBlanc for guidance and contributions to field data
collection; additionally we thank Brendan Buskirk, Celicia Boyden, Alex
Walker, Yuri Rupert, and Sarah Morton for field assistance.
Conversations with Charles Luce were extremely helpful in elucidating
fundamental principles. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S.
Geological Survey Groundwater Resources and Toxic Substance Hydrology
Programs, and the National Science Foundation (EAR-0901480). Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 1739
EP 1751
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.030
PN B
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AX6FH
UT WOS:000347018100041
ER
PT J
AU Brown, ME
Racoviteanu, AE
Tarboton, DG
Sen Gupta, A
Nigro, J
Policelli, F
Habib, S
Tokay, M
Shrestha, MS
Bajracharya, S
Hummel, P
Gray, M
Duda, P
Zaitchik, B
Mahat, V
Artan, G
Tokar, S
AF Brown, M. E.
Racoviteanu, A. E.
Tarboton, D. G.
Sen Gupta, A.
Nigro, J.
Policelli, F.
Habib, S.
Tokay, M.
Shrestha, M. S.
Bajracharya, S.
Hummel, P.
Gray, M.
Duda, P.
Zaitchik, B.
Mahat, V.
Artan, G.
Tokar, S.
TI An integrated modeling system for estimating glacier and snow melt
driven streamflow from remote sensing and earth system data products in
the Himalayas
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Himalayas; Glacier melt; Energy balance; Stream flow
ID BAND ALBEDO CONVERSION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; WATER
AVAILABILITY; DEBRIS THICKNESS; MASS-BALANCE; ICE; BASIN; RIVER;
TEMPERATURE
AB Quantification of the contribution of the hydrologic components (snow, ice and rain) to river discharge in the Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region is important for decision-making in water sensitive sectors, and for water resources management and flood risk reduction. In this area, access to and monitoring of the glaciers and their melt outflow is challenging due to difficult access, thus modeling based on remote sensing offers the potential for providing information to improve water resources management and decision making. This paper describes an integrated modeling system developed using downscaled NASA satellite based and earth system data products coupled with in-situ hydrologic data to assess the contribution of snow and glaciers to the flows of the rivers in the HKH region. Snow and glacier melt was estimated using the Utah Energy Balance (UEB) model, further enhanced to accommodate glacier ice melt over clean and debris-covered tongues, then meltwater was input into the USGS Geospatial Stream Flow Model (GeoSFM). The two model components were integrated into Better Assessment Science Integrating point and Nonpoint Sources modeling framework (BASINS) as a user-friendly open source system and was made available to countries in high Asia. Here we present a case study from the Langtang Khola watershed in the monsoon-influenced Nepal Himalaya, used to validate our energy balance approach and to test the applicability of our modeling system. The snow and glacier melt model predicts that for the eight years used for model evaluation (October 2003-September 2010), the total surface water input over the basin was 9.43 m, originating as 62% from glacier melt, 30% from snowmelt and 8% from rainfall. Measured streamflow for those years were 5.02 m, reflecting a runoff coefficient of 0.53. GeoSFM simulated streamflow was 5.31 m indicating reasonable correspondence between measured and model confirming the capability of the integrated system to provide a quantification of water availability. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Brown, M. E.; Nigro, J.; Policelli, F.; Habib, S.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Racoviteanu, A. E.] Lab Glaciol & Geophys Environm, Paris, France.
[Tarboton, D. G.; Sen Gupta, A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Nigro, J.; Tokay, M.] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Lanham, MD USA.
[Shrestha, M. S.; Bajracharya, S.] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev ICIMOD, Kathmandu, Nepal.
[Hummel, P.; Gray, M.; Duda, P.] AquaTerra Consultants, Decatur, GA USA.
[Zaitchik, B.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Mahat, V.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Artan, G.] US Geol Survey, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Tokar, S.] US Agcy Int Dev, Off Foreign Disaster Assistance, Washington, DC 20523 USA.
RP Brown, ME (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM molly.brown@nasa.gov
RI Sen Gupta, Avirup/L-8938-2014; Brown, Molly/E-2724-2010;
OI Sen Gupta, Avirup/0000-0001-5972-5186; Brown, Molly/0000-0001-7384-3314;
Tarboton, David/0000-0002-1998-3479; Racoviteanu,
Adina/0000-0003-4954-1871
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH08ZDA001N-DECISIONS];
Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), France; Office of U.S.
Foreign Disaster Assistance; Bureau for Democracy; Conflict and
Humanitarian Assistance; U.S. Agency for International Development
[AID-OFDA-T-11-00002]
FX This work was supported by a grant from the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration's Applied Sciences Program through its 2008
Decision Support through Earth Science Research Results Grant Number
NNH08ZDA001N-DECISIONS. A. Racoviteanu's post-doctoral studies were
supported by the Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES), France. This
publication was made possible through partial support provided by the
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance, Bureau for Democracy,
Conflict and Humanitarian Assistance, U.S. Agency for International
Development, under the terms Award No. AID-OFDA-T-11-00002. The opinions
expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect views of the U.S. Agency for International
Development.
NR 65
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD NOV 27
PY 2014
VL 519
BP 1859
EP 1869
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.09.050
PN B
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AX6FH
UT WOS:000347018100051
ER
PT J
AU Liu, RS
DeAngelis, DL
Bryant, JP
AF Liu, Rongsong
DeAngelis, Donald L.
Bryant, John P.
TI Ratio-dependent functional response emerges from optimal foraging on a
complex landscape
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Herbivore-vegetation dynamics; Predation refuges; Optimal foraging;
Ratio dependence; Landscape complexity
ID PREDATOR-PREY INTERACTIONS; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; ANTIPREDATOR BEHAVIOR;
MARINE FISH; REFUGES; POPULATION; RISK; HERBIVORES; ENRICHMENT;
STABILITY
AB A spatially implicit consumer-resource model, having the form of the Rosenzweig-MacArthur equations except for density-dependent loss on the consumer, is analyzed. Both the rates of resource intake and of mortality of the consumer are assumed to be proportional to the amount of risk it takes during foraging, and the consumer is assumed to take an amount of risk that maximizes its fitness as a tradeoff between growth and predation. Given these conditions, it is shown that a ratio-dependent functional response for the consumer-resource interaction emerges and that the system is highly stable. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liu, Rongsong] Univ Wyoming, Dept Math, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Liu, Rongsong] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, US Geol Survey, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Bryant, John P.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Liu, RS (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Math, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM rliu1@uwyo.edu
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD NOV 24
PY 2014
VL 292
BP 45
EP 50
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.08.022
PG 6
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR8ST
UT WOS:000343845400005
ER
PT J
AU Saupe, EE
Hendricks, JR
Portell, RW
Dowsett, HJ
Haywood, A
Hunter, SJ
Lieberman, BS
AF Saupe, E. E.
Hendricks, J. R.
Portell, R. W.
Dowsett, H. J.
Haywood, A.
Hunter, S. J.
Lieberman, B. S.
TI Macroevolutionary consequences of profound climate change on niche
evolution in marine molluscs over the past three million years
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic coastal plain; conservation palaeobiology; fundamental niche;
macroevolution; mid-Pliocene warm period; Mollusca
ID PSEUDO-ABSENCE DATA; ECOLOGICAL NICHE; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION;
SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; DIVERSITY GRADIENT; LATE
PLEISTOCENE; SCALE FEATURES; RANGE SHIFTS; DYNAMICS
AB In order to predict the fate of biodiversity in a rapidly changing world, we must first understand how species adapt to new environmental conditions. The long-term evolutionary dynamics of species' physiological tolerances to differing climatic regimes remain obscure. Here, we unite palaeontological and neontological data to analyse whether species' environmental tolerances remain stable across 3 Myr of profound climatic changes using 10 phylogenetically, ecologically and developmentally diverse mollusc species from the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plains, USA. We additionally investigate whether these species' upper and lower thermal tolerances are constrained across this interval. We find that these species' environmental preferences are stable across the duration of their lifetimes, even when faced with significant environmental perturbations. The results suggest that species will respond to current and future warming either by altering distributions to track suitable habitat or, if the pace of change is too rapid, by going extinct. Our findings also support methods that project species' present-day environmental requirements to future climatic landscapes to assess conservation risks.
C1 [Saupe, E. E.; Lieberman, B. S.] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Saupe, E. E.] Univ Kansas, Dept Geol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Saupe, E. E.] Yale Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Hendricks, J. R.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Geol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Hendricks, J. R.] Paleontol Res Inst, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Portell, R. W.] Univ Florida, Florida Museum Nat Hist, Div Invertebrate Paleontol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Dowsett, H. J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Haywood, A.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Hunter, S. J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Sellwood Grp Palaeoclimatol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Lieberman, B. S.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
RP Saupe, EE (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, 1475 Jayhawk Blvd,Room 120 Lindley Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
EM eesaupe@gmail.com
OI Dowsett, Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524
FU NSF GK-12 Fellowship; KU Madison and Lila Self Graduate Fellowship; KU
Biodiversity Institute Panorama Grant; John W. Wells Grant-in-Aids of
Research; NSF [EF-1206757]; European Research Council under the European
Union [278636]
FX An NSF GK-12 Fellowship, KU Madison and Lila Self Graduate Fellowship,
KU Biodiversity Institute Panorama Grant and John W. Wells Grant-in-Aids
of Research provided funding for this work to E. E. S. B. S. L. was
supported by NSF grant no. EF-1206757. A. H. and S.J.H. acknowledge that
the research leading to these results received funding from the European
Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme
(FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 278636.
NR 91
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 4
U2 48
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD NOV 22
PY 2014
VL 281
IS 1795
AR 20141995
DI 10.1098/rspb.2014.1995
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AQ9VJ
UT WOS:000343205200027
ER
PT J
AU Larson, JH
Eckert, NL
Bartsch, MR
AF Larson, James H.
Eckert, Nathan L.
Bartsch, Michelle R.
TI Intrinsic Variability in Shell and Soft Tissue Growth of the Freshwater
Mussel Lampsilis siliquoidea
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WEIGHT-LENGTH RELATIONSHIPS; GREAT-LAKES; BIVALVE; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY;
UNIONIDAE; SURVIVAL; MOLLUSKS; AMMONIA; SESTON
AB Freshwater mussels are ecologically and economically important members of many aquatic ecosystems, but are globally among the most imperiled taxa. Propagation techniques for mussels have been developed and used to boost declining and restore extirpated populations. Here we use a cohort of propagated mussels to estimate the intrinsic variability in size and growth rate of Lampsilis siliquoidea (a commonly propagated species). Understanding the magnitude and pattern of variation in data is critical to determining whether effects observed in nature or experimental treatments are likely to be important. The coefficient of variation (CV) of L. siliquoidea soft tissues (6.0%) was less than the CV of linear shell dimensions (25.1-66.9%). Size-weight relationships were best when mussel width (the maximum left-right dimension with both valves appressed) was used as a predictor, but 95% credible intervals on these predictions for soft tissues were similar to 145 mg wide (about 50% of the mean soft tissue mass). Mussels in this study were treated identically, raised from a single cohort and yet variation in soft tissue mass at a particular size class (as determined by shell dimensions) was still high. High variability in mussel size is often acknowledged, but seldom discussed in the context of mussel conservation. High variability will influence the survival of stocked juvenile cohorts, may affect the ability to experimentally detect sublethal stressors and may lead to incongruities between the effects that mussels have on structure (via hard shells) and biogeochemical cycles (via soft tissue metabolism). Given their imperiled status and longevity, there is often reluctance to destructively sample unionid mussel soft tissues even in metabolic studies (e.g., studies of nutrient cycling). High intrinsic variability suggests that using shell dimensions (particularly shell length) as a response variable in studies of sublethal stressors or metabolic processes will make confident identifications of smaller effect sizes difficult.
C1 [Larson, James H.; Bartsch, Michelle R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Eckert, Nathan L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Genoa Natl Fish Hatchery, Genoa, WI USA.
RP Larson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM jhlarson@usgs.gov
OI Bartsch, Michelle/0000-0002-9571-5564
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 18
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 20
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 11
AR e112252
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112252
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AT9ND
UT WOS:000345253000011
PM 25411848
ER
PT J
AU Wasowski, J
Jibson, RW
Huang, RQ
van Asch, T
AF Wasowski, Janusz
Jibson, Randall W.
Huang, Runqiu
van Asch, Theo
TI Special Issue "The long-term geologic hazards in areas struck by
large-magnitude earthquakes" Preface
SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Wasowski, Janusz] CNR IRPI Nat Res Council Inst Geohydrol Protect, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
[Jibson, Randall W.] US Geol Survey, Washington, DC USA.
[Huang, Runqiu] Chengdu Univ Technol, Chengdu, Peoples R China.
[van Asch, Theo] Univ Utrecht, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands.
RP Wasowski, J (reprint author), CNR IRPI Nat Res Council Inst Geohydrol Protect, Via Amendola 1221, I-70126 Bari, Italy.
EM j.wasowski@ba.irpi.cnr.it; jibson@usgs.gov; hrq@cdut.edu.cn;
T.W.J.vanAsch@uu.nl
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0013-7952
EI 1872-6917
J9 ENG GEOL
JI Eng. Geol.
PD NOV 19
PY 2014
VL 182
SI SI
BP 109
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2014.11.003
PN B
PG 2
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA AX8AT
UT WOS:000347133600001
ER
PT J
AU Ivory, SJ
McGlue, MM
Ellis, GS
Lezine, AM
Cohen, AS
Vincens, A
AF Ivory, Sarah J.
McGlue, Michael M.
Ellis, Geoffrey S.
Lezine, Anne-Marie
Cohen, Andrew S.
Vincens, Annie
TI Vegetation Controls on Weathering Intensity during the Last Deglacial
Transition in Southeast Africa
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID TROPICAL EAST-AFRICA; LAKE MALAWI; LATE QUATERNARY; GLACIAL MAXIMUM;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAINFALL SEASONALITY; CARBON-DIOXIDE; TANGANYIKA;
POLLEN; TANZANIA
AB Tropical climate is rapidly changing, but the effects of these changes on the geosphere are unknown, despite a likelihood of climatically-induced changes on weathering and erosion. The lack of long, continuous paleo-records prevents an examination of terrestrial responses to climate change with sufficient detail to answer questions about how systems behaved in the past and may alter in the future. We use high-resolution records of pollen, clay mineralogy, and particle size from a drill core from Lake Malawi, southeast Africa, to examine atmosphere-biosphere-geosphere interactions during the last deglaciation (similar to 18-9 ka), a period of dramatic temperature and hydrologic changes. The results demonstrate that climatic controls on Lake Malawi vegetation are critically important to weathering processes and erosion patterns during the deglaciation. At 18 ka, afromontane forests dominated but were progressively replaced by tropical seasonal forest, as summer rainfall increased. Despite indication of decreased rainfall, drought-intolerant forest persisted through the Younger Dryas (YD) resulting from a shorter dry season. Following the YD, an intensified summer monsoon and increased rainfall seasonality were coeval with forest decline and expansion of drought-tolerant miombo woodland. Clay minerals closely track the vegetation record, with high ratios of kaolinite to smectite (K/S) indicating heavy leaching when forest predominates, despite variable rainfall. In the early Holocene, when rainfall and temperature increased (effective moisture remained low), open woodlands expansion resulted in decreased K/S, suggesting a reduction in chemical weathering intensity. Terrigenous sediment mass accumulation rates also increased, suggesting critical linkages among open vegetation and erosion during intervals of enhanced summer rainfall. This study shows a strong, direct influence of vegetation composition on weathering intensity in the tropics. As climate change will likely impact this interplay between the biosphere and geosphere, tropical landscape change could lead to deleterious effects on soil and water quality in regions with little infrastructure for mitigation.
C1 [Ivory, Sarah J.] Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[McGlue, Michael M.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA.
[Ellis, Geoffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Lezine, Anne-Marie] CNRS, LOCEAN, Paris, France.
[Cohen, Andrew S.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Vincens, Annie] CNRS, CEREGE, Aix En Provence, France.
RP Ivory, SJ (reprint author), Brown Univ, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
EM sarah_ivory@brown.edu
OI Ellis, Geoffrey/0000-0003-4519-3320
FU NSF Graduate Research Fellowship [2009078688]
FX Lake Malawi Drilling Project-Earth System History Program
(NSF-EAR-0602404) funded field operations, logistics, and some
laboratory analysis. NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (2009078688)
provided student salary and tuition and some travel support for
laboratory analysis. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 86
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 26
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 18
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 11
AR e112855
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112855
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AX7UZ
UT WOS:000347121300058
PM 25406090
ER
PT J
AU Merkes, CM
McCalla, SG
Jensen, NR
Gaikowski, MP
Amberg, JJ
AF Merkes, Christopher M.
McCalla, S. Grace
Jensen, Nathan R.
Gaikowski, Mark P.
Amberg, Jon J.
TI Persistence of DNA in Carcasses, Slime and Avian Feces May Affect
Interpretation of Environmental DNA Data
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER; CONSERVATION; ERADICATION; MANAGEMENT; PREDATION; BIOLOGY; DIET;
RARE
AB The prevention of non-indigenous aquatic invasive species spreading into new areas is a goal of many resource managers. New techniques have been developed to survey for species that are difficult to capture with conventional gears that involve the detection of their DNA in water samples (eDNA). This technique is currently used to track the invasion of bigheaded carps (silver carp and bighead carp; Hypophthalmichthys molitrix and H. nobilis) in the Chicago Area Waterway System and Upper Mississippi River. In both systems DNA has been detected from silver carp without the capture of a live fish, which has led to some uncertainty about the source of the DNA. The potential contribution to eDNA by vectors and fomites has not been explored. Because barges move from areas with a high abundance of bigheaded carps to areas monitored for the potential presence of silver carp, we used juvenile silver carp to simulate the barge transport of dead bigheaded carp carcasses, slime residue, and predator feces to determine the potential of these sources to supply DNA to uninhabited waters where it could be detected and misinterpreted as indicative of the presence of live bigheaded carp. Our results indicate that all three vectors are feasible sources of detectable eDNA for at least one month after their deposition. This suggests that current monitoring programs must consider alternative vectors of DNA in the environment and consider alternative strategies to minimize the detection of DNA not directly released from live bigheaded carps.
C1 [Merkes, Christopher M.] IAP Worldwide Serv Inc, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Merkes, Christopher M.; McCalla, S. Grace; Jensen, Nathan R.; Gaikowski, Mark P.; Amberg, Jon J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
RP Merkes, CM (reprint author), IAP Worldwide Serv Inc, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM cmerkes@usgs.gov
OI Merkes, Christopher/0000-0001-8191-627X; Gaikowski,
Mark/0000-0002-6507-9341
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency - Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative; IAP Worldwide Services
FX Funding support for this work came from the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency - Great Lakes Restoration Initiative appropriated
funds (http://greatlakesrestoration.us). The funders had no role in
study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript. Christopher M. Merkes was employed by IAP
Worldwide Services at the time of the study. IAP Worldwide Services
provided support in the form of salary for author Christopher M. Merkes
but did not have any additional role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The
specific role of the author is articulated in the 'author contributions'
section.
NR 38
TC 15
Z9 17
U1 7
U2 63
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 17
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 11
AR e113346
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0113346
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AT8BL
UT WOS:000345158700130
PM 25402206
ER
PT J
AU Cahill, JTS
Hagerty, JJ
Lawrence, DJ
Klima, RL
Blewett, DT
AF Cahill, Joshua T. S.
Hagerty, Justin J.
Lawrence, David J.
Klima, Rachel L.
Blewett, David T.
TI Surveying the South Pole-Aitken basin magnetic anomaly for remnant
impactor metallic iron
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Moon; Impact processes; Infrared observations; Gamma ray spectroscopy;
Regoliths
ID LUNAR-PROSPECTOR; REFLECTANCE SPECTRA; MELT BRECCIAS; SURFACE;
ABUNDANCE; IMAGES; ORIGIN; SOILS; MOON; FEO
AB The Moon has areas of magnetized crust ("magnetic anomalies"), the origins of which are poorly constrained. A magnetic anomaly near the northern rim of South Pole-Aitken (SPA) basin was recently postulated to originate from remnant metallic iron emplaced by the SPA basin-forming impactor. Here, we remotely examine the regolith of this SPA magnetic anomaly with a combination of Clementine and Lunar Prospector derived iron maps for any evidence of enhanced metallic iron content. We find that these data sets do not definitively detect the hypothesized remnant metallic iron within the upper tens of centimeters of the lunar regolith. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cahill, Joshua T. S.; Lawrence, David J.; Klima, Rachel L.; Blewett, David T.] Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Hagerty, Justin J.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Cahill, JTS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, SRE Mail Stop 200-W230,11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM Joshua.Cahill@jhuapl.edu
RI Cahill, Joshua/I-3656-2012; Blewett, David/I-4904-2012; Klima,
Rachel/H-9383-2012; Lawrence, David/E-7463-2015
OI Cahill, Joshua/0000-0001-6874-5533; Blewett, David/0000-0002-9241-6358;
Klima, Rachel/0000-0002-9151-6429; Lawrence, David/0000-0002-7696-6667
FU LASER Program [NNH09AL71I]; PGG Program [NNX11AP51G]
FX NASA supported this work through LASER Program Grant NNH09AL71I to
J.J.H. and PG&G Program Grant NNX11AP51G to J.T.S.C.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD NOV 15
PY 2014
VL 243
BP 27
EP 30
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.08.035
PG 4
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AT0OO
UT WOS:000344635400003
ER
PT J
AU MacKenzie, SM
Barnes, JW
Sotin, C
Soderblom, JM
Le Mouelic, S
Rodriguez, S
Baines, KH
Buratti, BJ
Clark, RN
Nicholson, PD
McCord, TB
AF MacKenzie, Shannon M.
Barnes, Jason W.
Sotin, Christophe
Soderblom, Jason M.
Le Mouelic, Stephane
Rodriguez, Sebastien
Baines, Kevin H.
Buratti, Bonnie J.
Clark, Roger N.
Nicholson, Phillip D.
McCord, Thomas B.
TI Evidence of Titan's climate history from evaporite distribution
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Titan; Titan, surface; Spectroscopy; Infrared observations; Geological
processes
ID CASSINI RADAR; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; HUYGENS PROBE; ONTARIO LACUS;
LANDING SITE; SURFACE; METHANE; LAKES; ATMOSPHERE; VIMS
AB Water-ice-poor, 5-mu m-bright material on Saturn's moon Titan has previously been geomorphologically identified as evaporitic. Here we present a global distribution of the occurrences of the 5-mu m-bright spectral unit, identified with Cassini's Visual Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (VIMS) and examined with RADAR when possible. We explore the possibility that each of these occurrences are evaporite deposits. The 5-mu m-bright material covers 1% of Titan's surface and is not limited to the poles (the only regions with extensive, long-lived surface liquid). We find the greatest areal concentration to be in the equatorial basins Tui Regio and Hotel Regio. Our interpretations, based on the correlation between 5-mu m-bright material and lakebeds, imply that there was enough liquid present at some time to create the observed 5-mu m-bright material. We address the climate implications surrounding a lack of evaporitic material at the south polar basins: if the south pole basins were filled at some point in the past, then where is the evaporite? (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [MacKenzie, Shannon M.; Barnes, Jason W.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Sotin, Christophe; Buratti, Bonnie J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Soderblom, Jason M.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Le Mouelic, Stephane] Univ Nantes, Lab Planetol & Geodynam, UMR6112, F-44322 Nantes 3, France.
[Rodriguez, Sebastien] CEA Saclay, Ctr Orme Merisiers, DAPNIA Sap, Lab AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Baines, Kevin H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Clark, Roger N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Nicholson, Phillip D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[McCord, Thomas B.] Bear Fight Inst, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA.
RP MacKenzie, SM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
EM mack3108@vandals.uidaho.edu
RI Barnes, Jason/B-1284-2009; Rodriguez, Sebastien/H-5902-2016
OI Barnes, Jason/0000-0002-7755-3530; Rodriguez,
Sebastien/0000-0003-1219-0641
FU NASA [NNX12AC28G]; NASA Astrobiology Institute
FX The authors would like to thank an anonymous reviewer for constructive
suggestions to the manuscript. This work was supported by NASA Cassini
Data Analysts and Participating Scientists (CDAPS) Grant #NNX12AC28G to
JWB. C.S. acknowledges support from the NASA Astrobiology Institute.
Part of this work was conducted at JPL/Caltech under contract with NASA.
NR 93
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 3
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD NOV 15
PY 2014
VL 243
BP 191
EP 207
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.08.022
PG 17
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AT0OO
UT WOS:000344635400017
ER
PT J
AU Shirzaei, M
Burgmann, R
Uchida, N
Hu, Y
Pollitz, F
Matsuzawa, T
AF Shirzaei, M.
Buergmann, R.
Uchida, N.
Hu, Y.
Pollitz, F.
Matsuzawa, T.
TI Seismic versus aseismic slip: Probing mechanical properties of the
northeast Japan subduction zone
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE postseismic deformation; Tohoku earthquake; rate state friction law
ID TOHOKU-OKI EARTHQUAKE; POSTSEISMIC RELAXATION; FRICTION LAWS; HAYWARD
FAULT; TRENCH AXIS; CREEP; AFTERSHOCKS; MEGATHRUST; PARKFIELD; SUMATRA
AB Fault slip may involve slow aseismic creep and fast seismic rupture, radiating seismic waves manifested as earthquakes. These two complementary behaviors accommodate the long-term plate convergence of major subduction zones and are attributed to fault frictional properties. It is conventionally assumed that zones capable of seismic rupture on the subduction megathrust are confined to between about 10 to 50 km depth; however, the actual spatiotemporal distribution of fault mechanical parameters remains elusive for most subduction zones. The 2011 Tohoku M-w 9.0 earthquake ruptured with >50 m slip up to the trench, thus challenging this conventional assumption, and provides a unique opportunity to probe the mechanical properties of the Japan subduction zone. Drawing on the inferred distribution of coseismic and postseismic slip, it has recently been suggested that portions of the megathrust are capable of switching between seismic and aseismic behavior. Kinematic models of the coseismic rupture and 15-month postseismic afterslip of this event suggest that the coseismic rupture triggered widespread frictional afterslip with equivalent moment magnitude of 8.17-8.53, in addition to viscoelastic relaxation in the underlying mantle. The identified linear relation between modeled afterslip, slip inferred from repeating earthquakes on the plate interface, and the cumulative number of aftershocks within 15 km distance of the subduction thrust suggests that most aftershocks are a direct result of afterslip. We constrain heterogeneous rate-state friction parameters of the subduction thrust from the computed coseismic stress changes and afterslip response. Our results indicate a variable pattern along dip and strike, characterizing areas down-dip and south of the main rupture zone as having velocity-strengthening properties. In agreement with seismic tomographic models of plate boundary elastic properties and geologic evidence for previous M > 8.5 megathrust earthquakes on this section of the plate boundary, we suggest that the obtained pattern of the frictional properties is characteristic of subducted material and thus persistent in time and space. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shirzaei, M.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85004 USA.
[Buergmann, R.; Hu, Y.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Uchida, N.; Matsuzawa, T.] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan.
[Pollitz, F.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Shirzaei, M (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85004 USA.
EM Shirzaei@asu.edu
RI Uchida, Naoki/D-6103-2012
OI Uchida, Naoki/0000-0002-4220-9625
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2014
VL 406
BP 7
EP 13
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.035
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AS3YO
UT WOS:000344211200002
ER
PT J
AU Brown, AJ
Piqueux, S
Titus, TN
AF Brown, Adrian J.
Piqueux, Sylvain
Titus, Timothy N.
TI Interannual observations and quantification of summertime H2O ice
deposition on the Martian CO2 ice south polar cap
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; poles; H2O ice; CO2 ice; radiative transfer; snow
ID GENERAL-CIRCULATION MODEL; SEASONAL WATER CYCLE; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES;
SPECTRAL ALBEDO; CARBON-DIOXIDE; MARS; BEHAVIOR; VAPOR; SUBLIMATION;
INSTABILITY
AB The spectral signature of water ice was observed on Martian south polar cap in 2004 by the Observatoire pour l'Mineralogie, l'Eau les Glaces et l'Activite (OMEGA) (Bibring et al., 2004). Three years later, the OMEGA instrument was used to discover water ice deposited during southern summer on the polar cap (Langevin et al., 2007). However, temporal and spatial variations of these water ice signatures have remained unexplored, and the origins of these water deposits remains an important scientific question. To investigate this question, we have used observations from the Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) instrument on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) spacecraft of the southern cap during austral summer over four Martian years to search for variations in the amount of water ice.
We report below that for each year we have observed the cap, the magnitude of the H2O ice signature on the southern cap has risen steadily throughout summer, particularly on the west end of the cap. The spatial extent of deposition is in disagreement with the current best simulations of deposition of water ice on the south polar cap (Montmessin et al., 2007).
This increase in water ice signatures is most likely caused by deposition of atmospheric H2O ice and a set of unusual conditions makes the quantification of this transport flux using CRISM close to ideal. We calculate a 'minimum apparent' amount of deposition corresponding to a thin H2O ice layer of 0.2 mm (with 70% porosity). This amount of H2O ice deposition is 0.6-6% of the total Martian atmospheric water budget. We compare our 'minimum apparent' quantification with previous estimates.
This deposition process may also have implications for the formation and stability of the southern CO2 ice cap, and therefore play a significant role in the climate budget of modern day Mars. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Brown, Adrian J.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Piqueux, Sylvain] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Titus, Timothy N.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Brown, AJ (reprint author), SETI Inst, 189 Bernardo Ave, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
EM abrown@seti.org
FU NASA Mars Data Analysis Program [NNX11AN41G, NNX13AJ73G]; National
Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX We would like to thank the entire CRISM Team, particularly the Science
Operations team at JHU APL. We also thank Ted Roush for supplying the
palagonite optical constants and Franck Marchis and Peter Jenniskens and
referees Yves Langevin and Francois Forget for helpful comments on the
manuscript. This investigation was partially funded by NASA Mars Data
Analysis Program Grants NNX11AN41G and NNX13AJ73G administered by Mitch
Schulte. Piqueux' contribution was carried out at the Jet Propulsion
Laboratory, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration.
NR 58
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD NOV 15
PY 2014
VL 406
BP 102
EP 109
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.039
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AS3YO
UT WOS:000344211200011
ER
PT J
AU Breyta, R
Jones, A
Kurath, G
AF Breyta, Rachel
Jones, Amelia
Kurath, Gael
TI Differential susceptibility in steelhead trout populations to an
emergent MD strain of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE IHNV; Steelhead trout; Heterogeneous landscape; Host susceptibility
ID ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA WALBAUM; SOCKEYE-SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; MOLECULAR
EPIDEMIOLOGY; VIRULENCE MECHANISMS; WASHINGTON-STATE; INCUBATION BOXES;
TRANSMISSION; FISH; IHNV
AB A significant emergence of trout-adapted MD subgroup infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) began in the coastal region of Washington State, USA, in 2007. This emergence event lasted until 2011 and caused both asymptomatic adult fish infection and symptomatic epidemic disease and mortality in juvenile fish. Incidence of virus during this emergence demonstrated a heterogeneous distribution among rivers of the coastal region, leaving fish populations of some rivers apparently untouched while others suffered significant and recurrent infection and mortality (Breyta et. al. 2013; Dis Aquat Org 104: 179-195). In this study, we examined the possible contribution of variations in susceptibility of fish populations, age-related resistance, and virus virulence to the observed landscape heterogeneity. We found that the most significant variable was host susceptibility: by controlled experimental challenge studies steelhead trout populations with no history of IHNV infection were 1 to 3 orders of magnitude more sensitive than a fish population with a long history of IHNV infection. In addition, 2 fish populations from the same river, which descended relatively recently from a common ancestral population, demonstrated 1 to 2 orders of magnitude difference in susceptibility. Fish age-related development of resistance was most evident in the more susceptible of 2 related fish populations. Finally, the strain of virus involved in the 2007 coastal Washington emergence had high virulence but was within the range of other known M group viruses tested. These results suggest that one major driver of landscape heterogeneity in the 2007 coastal Washington IHNV emergence was variation in fish population susceptibility and that this trait may have a heritable component.
C1 [Breyta, Rachel; Jones, Amelia; Kurath, Gael] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Breyta, Rachel; Kurath, Gael] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Breyta, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM rbjmax@uw.edu
FU US Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Quinault Indian
Nation, and Hatchery Reform Initiative NWIFC [10HR E-1]
FX Many thanks to partners in the Washington Dept. of Fish and Wildlife,
the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Northwest Indian Fisheries
Commission, the Quinault Nation, and the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, for
supplying virus field isolates and fish for controlled studies; to Paige
Barlow for help with arcGIS map creation, and to Loveday Conquest for
her statistical advice. This work was supported by the US Geological
Survey, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Quinault Indian Nation,
and Hatchery Reform Initiative NWIFC Contract No. 10HR E-1. Mention of
trade names does not constitute endorsement by the US Government.
NR 35
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 16
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD NOV 14
PY 2014
VL 112
IS 1
BP 17
EP 28
DI 10.3354/dao02781
PG 12
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA AU6EU
UT WOS:000345697000003
PM 25392039
ER
PT J
AU Wakie, TT
Evangelista, PH
Jarnevich, CS
Laituri, M
AF Wakie, Tewodros T.
Evangelista, Paul H.
Jarnevich, Catherine S.
Laituri, Melinda
TI Mapping Current and Potential Distribution of Non-Native Prosopis
juliflora in the Afar Region of Ethiopia
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; REMOTELY-SENSED DATA; THRESHOLD SELECTION;
VEGETATION INDEXES; INVASION; PREDICTION; IMPACTS; HABITAT; MAXENT;
RANGE
AB We used correlative models with species occurrence points, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) vegetation indices, and topo-climatic predictors to map the current distribution and potential habitat of invasive Prosopis juliflora in Afar, Ethiopia. Time-series of MODIS Enhanced Vegetation Indices (EVI) and Normalized Difference Vegetation Indices (NDVI) with 250 m(2) spatial resolution were selected as remote sensing predictors for mapping distributions, while WorldClim bioclimatic products and generated topographic variables from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission product (SRTM) were used to predict potential infestations. We ran Maxent models using non-correlated variables and the 143 species-occurrence points. Maxent generated probability surfaces were converted into binary maps using the 10-percentile logistic threshold values. Performances of models were evaluated using area under the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC). Our results indicate that the extent of P. juliflora invasion is approximately 3,605 km(2) in the Afar region (AUC = 0.94), while the potential habitat for future infestations is 5,024 km(2) (AUC = 0.95). Our analyses demonstrate that time-series of MODIS vegetation indices and species occurrence points can be used with Maxent modeling software to map the current distribution of P. juliflora, while topo-climatic variables are good predictors of potential habitat in Ethiopia. Our results can quantify current and future infestations, and inform management and policy decisions for containing P. juliflora. Our methods can also be replicated for managing invasive species in other East African countries.
C1 [Wakie, Tewodros T.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Wakie, Tewodros T.; Evangelista, Paul H.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Jarnevich, Catherine S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Laituri, Melinda] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wakie, TT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM tewodros@lamar.colostate.edu
RI Evangelista, Paul/D-2315-2016
FU National Needs Fellowship program of the National Institute of Food and
Agriculture; U.S. Department of Agriculture [2010-03280]; U.S. Forest
Service International Program
FX Tewodros Wakie acknowledges support from the National Needs Fellowship
program of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S.
Department of Agriculture (Award Number-2010-03280). Additional funding
was provided by the U.S. Forest Service International Program
(http://www. fs.fed.us/global/). The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 64
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 35
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 13
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 11
AR e112854
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112854
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AY6YT
UT WOS:000347709300114
PM 25393396
ER
PT J
AU Han, LF
Plummer, LN
Aggarwal, P
AF Han, Liang-Feng
Plummer, L. Niel
Aggarwal, Pradeep
TI The curved C-14 vs. delta C-13 relationship in dissolved inorganic
carbon:A useful tool for groundwater age-and geochemical interpretations
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater dating; Radiocarbon; Models; Relationship of C-14 and delta
C-13 values of dissolved inorganic carbon
ID ISOTOPE-EXCHANGE; CALCIUM-CARBONATE; DISSOLUTION KINETICS; CHALK
GROUNDWATER; H2O-CO2 SOLUTIONS; NATURAL-WATER; AQUIFER; SYSTEMS;
PRECIPITATION; MINERALS
AB Determination of the C-14 content of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is useful for dating of groundwater. However, in addition to radioactive decay, the C-14 content in DIC (C-14(DIC)) can be affected by many geochemical and physical processes and numerous models have been proposed to refine radiocarbon ages of DIC in groundwater systems.Changes in the delta C-13 content of DIC (delta C-13(DIC)) often can be used to deduce the processes that affect the carbon isotopic composition of DIC and the C-14 value during the chemical evolution of groundwater. This paper shows that a curved relationship of C-14(DIC) vs.delta C-13(DIC) will be observed for groundwater systems if (1) the change in delta C-13 value in DIC is caused by a first-order or pseudo-first-order process, e.g.isotopic exchange between DIC and solid carbonate, (2) the reaction/process progresses with the ageing of the groundwater, i.e.with decay of C-14 in DIC, and (3) the magnitude of the rate of change in delta C-13 of DIC is comparable with that of C-14 decay.In this paper,we use a lumped parameter method to derive a model based on the curved relationship between C-14(DIC) and delta C-13(DIC).The derived model, if used for isotopic exchange between DIC and solid carbonate, is identical to that derived by Gonfiantini and Zuppi (2003).The curved relationship of C-14(DIC) vs. delta C-13(DIC) can be applied to interpret the age of the DIC in groundwater.Results of age calculations using the Method discussed in this paper are compared with those obtained by using other methods that calculate the age of DIC based on adjusted initial radiocarbon values for individual samples.This paper shows that in addition to groundwater age interpretation,the lumped parameter method presented here also provides a useful tool for geochemical interpretations, e.g.estimation of apparent rates of geochemical reactions and revealing the complexity of the geochemical environment. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V.All rights reserved.
C1 [Han, Liang-Feng; Aggarwal, Pradeep] IAEA, Isotope Hydrol Sect, Div Phys & Chem Sci, Dept Nucl Sci & Applicat, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
[Plummer, L. Niel] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Han, LF (reprint author), IAEA, Isotope Hydrol Sect, Div Phys & Chem Sci, Dept Nucl Sci & Applicat, POB 100, A-1400 Vienna, Austria.
EM L.F.Han@hotmail.com
RI aggarwal, pradeep/C-8367-2016
OI aggarwal, pradeep/0000-0001-5970-1408
NR 64
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD NOV 10
PY 2014
VL 387
BP 111
EP 125
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.08.026
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU2IK
UT WOS:000345441200011
ER
PT J
AU Goldhaber, MB
Mills, CT
Morrison, JM
Stricker, CA
Mushet, DM
LaBaugh, JW
AF Goldhaber, Martin B.
Mills, Christopher T.
Morrison, Jean M.
Stricker, Craig A.
Mushet, David M.
LaBaugh, James W.
TI Hydrogeochemistry of prairie pothole region wetlands: Role of long-term
critical zone processes
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Prairie pothole region; Wetland sulfur geochemistry; Wetland
geochemistry; Cottonwood Lake; Stutsman County, ND; Kidder County, ND
ID COTTONWOOD LAKE AREA; NORTH-DAKOTA; GLACIATED PLAINS; CRETACEOUS SHALES;
CLAYEY TILL; SULFUR; GROUNDWATER; AMERICA; DYNAMICS; RECHARGE
AB This study addresses the geologic and hydrogeochemical processes operating at a range of scales within the prairie pothole region (PPR). The PPR is a 750,000 km(2) portion of north central North America that hosts millions of small wetlands known to be critical habitat for waterfowl and other wildlife. At a local scale, we characterized the geochemical evolution of the 92-ha Cottonwood Lake study area (CWLSA), located in North Dakota, USA. Critical zone processes are the long-term determinant of wetland water and groundwater geochemistry via the interaction of oxygenated groundwater with pyrite in the underlying glacial till. Pyrite oxidation produced a brown, iron oxide-bearing surface layer locally over 13 m thick and an estimated minimum of 1.3 x 10(10)g sulfate (SO42-) at CWLSA. We show that the majority of this SO(4)(2-)now resides in solid-phase gypsum(CaSO4 center dot 2H(2)O) and gypsumsaturated groundwater.
Results from the CWLSA were scaled up to a 9700 km(2) area surrounding CWLSA using similar to 1800 drill logs and literature data on wetland water chemistry for 178 wetlands within this larger area. The oxidized brown zone depth and wetland water compositional trends are very similar to the CWLSA. Additionally, surface water data from 176 southern Canadian pothole wetlands that conform to the same wetland water geochemical trends as those recorded in the CWLSA further corroborate that SO4 (2 -)accumulation driven by pyrite oxidation is a nearly ubiquitous process in the prairie pothole region and distinguishes PPR wetlands from other wetlands worldwide that have a similar overall hydrology. Published by Elsevier B. V.
C1 [Goldhaber, Martin B.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80224 USA.
[Mills, Christopher T.; Morrison, Jean M.; Stricker, Craig A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80224 USA.
[Mushet, David M.] US Geol Survey, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[LaBaugh, James W.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Goldhaber, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 964, Denver, CO 80224 USA.
EM mgold@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey.
FX We thank George Breit for assistance with the XRD analyses and Carma San
Juan for guidance with GIS analysis. We thank Caleb Balas, JoAnn
Holloway, Kevin Smith, Raymond Finocchiaro, and Chip Euliss for sampling
support and helpful discussions. Monique Adams and Cayce Gulbransen
provided outstanding chemical analytical support. Don Rosenberry
provided extremely helpful guidance with hydrology of the CWLSA. We
especially want to acknowledge Tom Winter who passed away during the
course of this research for his generous guidance in all matters
regarding the prairie pothole region. This work was funded by the U.S.
Geological Survey.
NR 66
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD NOV 10
PY 2014
VL 387
BP 170
EP 183
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.08.023
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU2IK
UT WOS:000345441200016
ER
PT J
AU Read, JS
Winslow, LA
Hansen, GJA
Van den Hoek, J
Hanson, PC
Bruce, LC
Markfort, CD
AF Read, Jordan S.
Winslow, Luke A.
Hansen, Gretchen J. A.
Van den Hoek, Jamon
Hanson, Paul C.
Bruce, Louise C.
Markfort, Corey D.
TI Simulating 2368 temperate lakes reveals weak coherence in stratification
phenology
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Limnology; Climate change; Water temperature; Lake temperature modeling;
Coherence; Stratification
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; FUTURE CLIMATE SCENARIOS; FRESH-WATER
ECOSYSTEMS; ICE COVER; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; UNITED-STATES; MODEL; HABITAT;
QUALITY; CONSERVATION
AB Changes in water temperatures resulting from climate warming can alter the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. Lake-specific physical characteristics may play a role in mediating individual lake responses to climate. Past mechanistic studies of lake-climate interactions have simulated generic lake classes at large spatial scales or performed detailed analyses of small numbers of real lakes. Understanding the diversity of lake responses to climate change across landscapes requires a hybrid approach that couples site-specific lake characteristics with broad-scale environmental drivers. This study provides a substantial advancement in lake ecosystem modeling by combining open-source tools with freely available continental-scale data to mechanistically model daily temperatures for 2368 Wisconsin lakes over three decades (1979-2011). The model accurately predicted observed surface layer temperatures (RMSE: 1.74 degrees C) and the presence/absence of stratification (81.1% agreement). Among-lake coherence was strong for surface temperatures and weak for the timing of stratification, suggesting individual lake characteristics mediate some - but not all - ecologically relevant lake responses to climate. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
C1 [Read, Jordan S.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Winslow, Luke A.; Hansen, Gretchen J. A.; Hanson, Paul C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hansen, Gretchen J. A.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Sci Serv, Madison, WI USA.
[Van den Hoek, Jamon] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Biospher Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Bruce, Louise C.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Perth, WA 6009, Australia.
[Markfort, Corey D.] Univ Iowa, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA USA.
RP Read, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM jread@usgs.gov
RI Markfort, Corey/A-1217-2012;
OI Markfort, Corey/0000-0003-3168-9149; Read, Jordan/0000-0002-3888-6631
FU U.S. Geological Survey NCCWSC [10909172]; NSF [DEB-0941510, DEB-0822700,
IIS-1344272]; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Federal Aid in
Sport Fish Restoration [F-95-P]; U.S. Geological Survey Center for
Integrated Data Analytics
FX This study was funded by U.S. Geological Survey NCCWSC grant 10909172,
NSF grant DEB-0941510 (Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network), the
Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Federal Aid in Sport Fish
Restoration (Project F-95-P), the U.S. Geological Survey Center for
Integrated Data Analytics, and NSF grants DEB-0822700 (North Temperate
Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research), and IIS-1344272 (INSPIRE). Mathew
Hipsey and Casper Boon (the Aquatic Ecosystem Dynamics group at The
University of Western Australia) shared modeling and development
expertise for GLM. We thank Jereme Gaeta, Steven Greb, Matthew Diebel,
Alex Latzka, Emily Stanley, Kevin Rose, Dale Robertson, Emily Read,
David Blodgett, Ivan Suftin, Jordan Walker, Meredith Pavlick Warren, and
Jake Vander Zanden for their contributions to this manuscript. Tim Kratz
and Stephen Carpenter helped improve this article with thoughtful
reviews. Two anonymous reviewers contributed substantially to the
improvement of our original manuscript. We also thank the Ecological
Modeling editorial staff.
NR 66
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 7
U2 32
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD NOV 10
PY 2014
VL 291
BP 142
EP 150
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.07.029
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR2AU
UT WOS:000343386500013
ER
PT J
AU Emmenegger, EJ
Glenn, JA
Winton, JR
Batts, WN
Gregg, JL
Hershberger, PK
AF Emmenegger, Eveline J.
Glenn, Jolene A.
Winton, James R.
Batts, William N.
Gregg, Jacob L.
Hershberger, Paul K.
TI Molecular identification of erythrocytic necrosis virus (ENV) from the
blood of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii)
SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Erythrocytic necrosis virus; VEN; Herring; Iridovirus; Fish disease
ID VIRAL-HEMORRHAGIC-SEPTICEMIA; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; MULTIPLE
SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; FAMILY-IRIDOVIRIDAE; ATLANTIC COD; DNA VIRUSES;
MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HARENGUS-PALLASI; ORNAMENTAL FISH; REACTION ASSAY
AB Viral erythrocytic necrosis (VEN) is a condition affecting the red blood cells of more than 20 species of marine and anadromous fishes in the North Atlantic and North Pacific Oceans. Among populations of Pacific herring (Clupea pallasii) on the west coast of North America the disease causes anemia and elevated mortality in periodic epizootics. Presently, VEN is diagnosed by observation of typical cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in stained blood smears from infected fish. The causative agent, erythrocytic necrosis virus (ENV), is unculturable and a presumed iridovirus by electron microscopy. In vivo amplification of the virus in pathogen-free laboratory stocks of Pacific herring with subsequent virus concentration, purification, DNA extraction, and high-throughput sequencing were used to obtain genomic ENV sequences. Fragments with the highest sequence identity to the family Iridoviridae were used to design four sets of ENV-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers. Testing of blood and tissue samples from experimentally and wild infected Pacific herring as well as DNA extracted from other amphibian and piscine iridoviruses verified the assays were specific to ENV with a limit of detection of 0.0003 ng. Preliminary phylogenetic analyses of a 1448 bp fragment of the putative DNA polymerase gene supported inclusion of ENV in a proposed sixth genus of the family Iridoviridae that contains other erythrocytic viruses from ectothermic hosts. This study provides the first molecular evidence of ENV's inclusion within the Iridoviridae family and offers conventional PCR assays as a means of rapidly surveying the ENV-status of wild and propagated Pacific herring stocks. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Emmenegger, Eveline J.; Glenn, Jolene A.; Winton, James R.; Batts, William N.] US Geol Survey, WFRC, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Gregg, Jacob L.; Hershberger, Paul K.] US Geol Survey, WFRC, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA 98358 USA.
RP Emmenegger, EJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, WFRC, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM eemmenegger@usgs.gov
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council [070819]; US Geological Survey
FX The authors thank Phillip San Miguel, Rick Westerman, Viktoria
Krasnyanskaya, and Sam Martin of the Purdue University Genomics Core
Facility for their expert assistance and advice. We are also much
obliged to Kyle Garver of the Pacific Biological Station, Fisheries and
Oceans Canada, Nanaimo, British Columbia for his efforts in screening
samples on the Pan-Viral microarray. Funding was provided by the Exxon
Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council, Project # 070819 and US Geological
Survey. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 73
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1135
EI 1873-2542
J9 VET MICROBIOL
JI Vet. Microbiol.
PD NOV 7
PY 2014
VL 174
IS 1-2
BP 16
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.08.028
PG 11
WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AT8JT
UT WOS:000345180500003
PM 25263493
ER
PT J
AU Lough, RG
Aretxabaleta, A
AF Lough, R. Gregory
Aretxabaleta, Alfredo
TI Transport and retention of vertically migrating adult mysid and decapod
shrimp in the tidal front on Georges Bank
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Neomysis; Crangon; Vertical distribution; Migration; Tidal front;
Georges Bank
ID NEOMYSIS-AMERICANA; OPOSSUM SHRIMP; SOUTHERN FLANK; RESIDUAL
CIRCULATION; ATLANTIC; MODEL; COD; EMERGENCE; LARVAE; MAINE
AB Vertical profiles of the adult epibenthic shrimp Neomysis americana and Crangon septemspinosus obtained during June 1985 were used to simulate possible rates of ascent from bottom (40 to 50 m) to near surface at night and return by day, and the consequence of these rates on their horizontal distribution. Numerical particles were released at the sampling site using archived model current fields with specified vertical rates (from no swim behavior to 20 mm s(-1)) and tracked for up to 30 d. The best match between observed and modeled vertical profiles was with a vertical swimming speed of 10 mm s(-1) for N. americana and 2 mm s(-1) for C. septemspinosus. Whereas N. americana rapidly swims towards the surface at dusk and descends to bottom by dawn, C. septemspinosus tends to only swim up to the middle of the water column at night. After 16 d, the simulation with 10 mm s(-1) swim speed showed most particles were concentrated in an area centered around the 60 m isobath, where the tidal front was located. At 2 mm s(-1) swim speed particles were concentrated more shoalward onto the western end of Georges Bank. N. americana are expected to be more closely associated with the tidal front, since they spend more time near the front surface convergence, but are more likely to be transported off the bank due to the south-westward-flowing surface tidal jet, whereas C. septemspinosus would be retained primarily on the bank, since they are found deeper in the water column during both day and night.
C1 [Lough, R. Gregory] NOAA, NMFS, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo] Integrated Stat, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Lough, RG (reprint author), NOAA, NMFS, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM gregory.lough@noaa.gov
OI Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018
NR 49
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD NOV 6
PY 2014
VL 514
BP 119
EP 135
DI 10.3354/meps10977
PG 17
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA AU6GC
UT WOS:000345700700009
ER
PT J
AU Zeug, SC
Brodsky, A
Kogut, N
Stewart, AR
Merz, JE
AF Zeug, Steven C.
Brodsky, Annie
Kogut, Nina
Stewart, A. Robin
Merz, Joseph E.
TI Ancient fish and recent invaders: white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus
diet response to invasive-species-mediated changes in a benthic prey
assemblage
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE Overbite clam; Potamocorbula amurensis; San Francisco Estuary; Stable
isotope analysis; Gut content analysis; Food web; Mixing model;
California
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; CLAM POTAMOCORBULA-AMURENSIS; NORTH-AMERICAN
STURGEONS; ISOTOPE MIXING MODELS; REMARKABLE INVASION;
CORBULA-AMURENSIS; TROPHIC POSITION; STABLE ISOTOPES; PALLID STURGEON;
FOOD WEBS
AB Invasive organisms can have significant impacts on native species, and the San Francisco Estuary (SFE), California, USA, is one of the world's most invaded estuaries. Decline of native white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus abundance in the SFE has been acknowledged, but underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Invasion by the overbite clam Potamocorbula amurensis has drastically altered the SFE benthic prey community, yet little is known about how this change has affected sturgeon diets. We investigated changes in the diet of white sturgeon following the overbite clam invasion and subsequent shift in the SFE benthic prey assemblage. Gut content analysis was used to compare white sturgeon prey composition and importance between the pre- and post-invasion periods. Additionally, stable isotope analysis was employed to estimate the assimilation of prey items to sturgeon biomass. Overbite clams dominated diets in the post-invasion period, accounting for 82 to 93% of total volume. Stable isotope analysis confirmed the importance of this prey item, although their assimilated contribution to sturgeon biomass was estimated to be less (70 to 83%) than gut contents indicated. The frequency of fish in white sturgeon guts increased in the post-invasion period, and isotope analysis indicated relatively large contributions of fish to sturgeon biomass (3.7 to 19%). The trophic adaptability of white sturgeon has allowed them to exploit this new prey source (overbite clam). Future conservation and restoration efforts must consider a potentially destabilized food web given the large importance of a single prey item.
C1 [Zeug, Steven C.; Brodsky, Annie; Merz, Joseph E.] Cramer Fish Sci, Auburn, CA 95602 USA.
[Kogut, Nina] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Stewart, A. Robin] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Zeug, SC (reprint author), Cramer Fish Sci, 13300 New Airport Rd,Suite 102, Auburn, CA 95602 USA.
EM stevez@fishsciences.net
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service [F11AC01162]
FX We thank the Foundation Sportsman's Club that allowed us to collect
samples during their annual derby and provided valuable information on
the sturgeon fishery. We are indebted to many charter captains and
anglers who allowed us to collect samples from the sturgeon they
harvested and provided information on catch location. Ian Anderson, Bill
Beckett, Jillian Slingsby, and Jamie Sweeney identified sturgeon stomach
contents. Staff from Cramer Fish Sciences and the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service participated in sample collection during sturgeon
derbies. Fred Feyrer and 3 anonymous reviewers provided comments that
significantly improved the manuscript. Funding for this study was
provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service grant number
F11AC01162.
NR 66
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 26
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
EI 1616-1599
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PD NOV 6
PY 2014
VL 514
BP 163
EP 174
DI 10.3354/meps11002
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA AU6GC
UT WOS:000345700700012
ER
PT J
AU Cornman, RS
Robertson, LS
Galbraith, H
Blakeslee, C
AF Cornman, Robert S.
Robertson, Laura S.
Galbraith, Heather
Blakeslee, Carrie
TI Transcriptomic Analysis of the Mussel Elliptio complanata Identifies
Candidate Stress-Response Genes and an Abundance of Novel or Noncoding
Transcripts
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN; RESOURCE; DATABASE; PROGRAM
AB Mussels are useful indicator species of environmental stress and degradation, and the global decline in freshwater mussel diversity and abundance is of conservation concern. Elliptio complanata is a common freshwater mussel of eastern North America that can serve both as an indicator and as an experimental model for understanding mussel physiology and genetics. To support genetic components of these research goals, we assembled transcriptome contigs from Illumina paired-end reads. Despite efforts to collapse similar contigs, the final assembly was in excess of 136,000 contigs with an N50 of 982 bp. Even so, comparisons to the CEGMA database of conserved eukaryotic genes indicated that similar to 20% of genes remain unrepresented. However, numerous candidate stress-response genes were present, and we identified lineage-specific patterns of diversification among molluscs for cytochrome P450 detoxification genes and two saccharide-modifying enzymes: 1,3 beta-galactosyltransferase and fucosyltransferase. Less than a quarter of contigs had protein-level similarity based on modest BLAST and Hmmer3 statistical thresholds. These results add comparative genomic resources for molluscs and suggest a wealth of novel proteins and noncoding transcripts.
C1 [Cornman, Robert S.; Robertson, Laura S.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Galbraith, Heather; Blakeslee, Carrie] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Branch, Wellsboro, PA USA.
RP Cornman, RS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM rcornman@usgs.gov
FU United States Geological Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area; Leetown
Science Center; Northern Appalachian Research Branch
FX This project was funded and carried out by the United States Geological
Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area, with internal discretionary funds of
its Leetown Science Center and Northern Appalachian Research Branch.
Websites describing the facilities, staff, and operations of these
research centers are at http://www.lsc.usgs.gov/ and
http://www.lsc.usgs.gov/?q=northern-appalachian-research-branch. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 6
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 6
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 11
AR e112420
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112420
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS6XM
UT WOS:000344402600142
PM 25375103
ER
PT J
AU Sohl, TL
AF Sohl, Terry L.
TI The Relative Impacts of Climate and Land-Use Change on Conterminous
United States Bird Species from 2001 to 2075
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID PSEUDO-ABSENCE DATA; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; COVER DATA; SELECTING
THRESHOLDS; CITIZEN SCIENCE; BREEDING BIRDS; SAMPLING BIAS;
DISTRIBUTIONS; MAXENT; PERFORMANCE
AB Species distribution models often use climate data to assess contemporary and/or future ranges for animal or plant species. Land use and land cover (LULC) data are important predictor variables for determining species range, yet are rarely used when modeling future distributions. In this study, maximum entropy modeling was used to construct species distribution maps for 50 North American bird species to determine relative contributions of climate and LULC for contemporary (2001) and future (2075) time periods. Species presence data were used as a dependent variable, while climate, LULC, and topographic data were used as predictor variables. Results varied by species, but in general, measures of model fit for 2001 indicated significantly poorer fit when either climate or LULC data were excluded from model simulations. Climate covariates provided a higher contribution to 2001 model results than did LULC variables, although both categories of variables strongly contributed. The area deemed to be "suitable'' for 2001 species presence was strongly affected by the choice of model covariates, with significantly larger ranges predicted when LULC was excluded as a covariate. Changes in species ranges for 2075 indicate much larger overall range changes due to projected climate change than due to projected LULC change. However, the choice of study area impacted results for both current and projected model applications, with truncation of actual species ranges resulting in lower model fit scores and increased difficulty in interpreting covariate impacts on species range. Results indicate species-specific response to climate and LULC variables; however, both climate and LULC variables clearly are important for modeling both contemporary and potential future species ranges.
C1 US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA.
RP Sohl, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57104 USA.
EM sohl@ugs.gov
OI Sohl, Terry/0000-0002-9771-4231
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use (CLU) Mission Area
FX TLS was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use
(CLU) Mission Area. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 63
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 58
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD NOV 5
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 11
AR e112251
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0112251
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS9IQ
UT WOS:000344556900129
PM 25372571
ER
PT J
AU Leclaire, S
van Dongen, WFD
Voccia, S
Merkling, T
Ducamp, C
Hatch, SA
Blanchard, P
Danchin, E
Wagner, RH
AF Leclaire, Sarah
van Dongen, Wouter F. D.
Voccia, Steeve
Merkling, Thomas
Ducamp, Christine
Hatch, Scott A.
Blanchard, Pierrick
Danchin, Etienne
Wagner, Richard H.
TI Preen secretions encode information on MHC similarity in certain
sex-dyads in a monogamous seabird
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MAJOR HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; KIN RECOGNITION;
INBREEDING AVOIDANCE; MATE CHOICE; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE
LOCI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; PEPTIDE LIGANDS; ODOR
AB Animals are known to select mates to maximize the genetic diversity of their offspring in order to achieve immunity against a broader range of pathogens. Although several bird species preferentially mate with partners that are dissimilar at the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), it remains unknown whether they can use olfactory cues to assess MHC similarity with potential partners. Here we combined gas chromatography data with genetic similarity indices based on MHC to test whether similarity in preen secretion chemicals correlated with MHC relatedness in the black-legged kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), a species that preferentially mates with genetically dissimilar partners. We found that similarity in preen secretion chemicals was positively correlated with MHC relatedness in male-male and male-female dyads. This study provides the first evidence that preen secretion chemicals can encode information on MHC relatedness and suggests that odor-based mechanisms of MHC-related mate choice may occur in birds.
C1 [Leclaire, Sarah; Voccia, Steeve; Merkling, Thomas; Ducamp, Christine; Blanchard, Pierrick; Danchin, Etienne] UPS, CNRS, ENFA, Lab EDB,UMR5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
[Leclaire, Sarah; Voccia, Steeve; Merkling, Thomas; Ducamp, Christine; Blanchard, Pierrick; Danchin, Etienne] Univ Toulouse, EDB, UMR5174, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
[van Dongen, Wouter F. D.; Wagner, Richard H.] Univ Vet Med Vienna, Konrad Lorenz Inst Ethol, Dept Integrat Biol & Evolut, A-1160 Vienna, Austria.
[van Dongen, Wouter F. D.] Victoria Univ, Melbourne MC, Coll Engn & Sci, Appl Ecol Res Grp, Melbourne, Vic 8001, Australia.
[van Dongen, Wouter F. D.] Victoria Univ, Melbourne MC, Coll Engn & Sci, Inst Sustainabil & Innovat, Melbourne, Vic 8001, Australia.
[Hatch, Scott A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Leclaire, S (reprint author), UPS, CNRS, ENFA, Lab EDB,UMR5174, 118 Route Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France.
EM sarah.leclaire@free.fr
FU French Polar Institute (IPEV Program) [1162]; University of Veterinary
Medicine Vienna and Austrian Research Fund (FWF Project) [20401]; French
Laboratory of Excellence project "TULIP'' [ANR-10-LABX-41,
ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02]; Fyssen post-doctoral grant
FX We are grateful to Lena Agdere, Elise Albert and Romain Durieux for
their help in the field, and Hanja Brandl and Florian Sammer for
considerable assistance in the genetics laboratory. This work was
supported by the French Polar Institute (IPEV Program 1162), the
University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna and Austrian Research Fund
grant (FWF Project 20401 to RHW). The lab EDB is supported by the French
Laboratory of Excellence project "TULIP'' (ANR-10-LABX-41,
ANR-11-IDEX-0002-02). S. Leclaire was funded by a Fyssen post-doctoral
grant.
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 9
U2 64
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD NOV 5
PY 2014
VL 4
AR 6920
DI 10.1038/srep06920
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS4HG
UT WOS:000344233900005
PM 25370306
ER
PT J
AU Pellerin, BA
Bergamaschi, BA
Gilliom, RJ
Crawford, CG
Saraceno, J
Frederick, CP
Downing, BD
Murphy, JC
AF Pellerin, Brian A.
Bergamaschi, Brian A.
Gilliom, Robert J.
Crawford, Charles G.
Saraceno, JohnFranco
Frederick, C. Paul
Downing, Bryan D.
Murphy, Jennifer C.
TI Mississippi River Nitrate Loads from High Frequency Sensor Measurements
and Regression-Based Load Estimation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PREDICTING SUMMER HYPOXIA; WATER-QUALITY; UNCERTAINTY;
BASIN; EUTROPHICATION; VARIABILITY; NITROGEN; MODEL; FLUX
AB Accurately quantifying niitrate (NO3) loading from the Mississipi River is important for predicting summer hypoxia in the Gulf of Mexico and targeting nutrient reduction within the basin. Loads have historically been modeled with regression-based techniques, but recent advances with high frequency NO3- sensors allowed us to evaluate model performance relative to measured loads in the lower Mississipi River. Patterns in NO3- concentrations and loads were observed at daily to annual time steps with considerable variability in concentrated-discharge relationships over the two year study. Differences were particularly accentuated during the 2012 drought and 2013 flood, which resulted in anomalously high NO3- concentrations consistent with a large flush of stored NO3- from soil. The comparison between measured loads and modeled loads (LOADEST, Composite Method, WRTS) showed underestimates of only 3.5% across the entire study period, but much larger differences at shorter time steps Absolute differences in loads were typically greatest in the spring and early summer critical to Gulf hypoxia formation with the largest differences (underestimates) for all models during the flood period of 2013. In additional to improving the accuracy and precision of monthly loads high frequency NO3- measurements offer additional benefits not available with regression-based or other load estimation techniques.
C1 [Pellerin, Brian A.; Bergamaschi, Brian A.; Gilliom, Robert J.; Saraceno, JohnFranco; Downing, Bryan D.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Crawford, Charles G.] US Geol Survey, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
[Frederick, C. Paul] US Geol Survey, Baton Rouge, LA 70816 USA.
[Murphy, Jennifer C.] US Geol Survey, Nashville, TN 37211 USA.
RP Pellerin, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM bpeller@usgs.gov
OI Crawford, Charles/0000-0003-1653-7841; Downing,
Bryan/0000-0002-2007-5304; Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581
NR 42
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 11
U2 60
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 4
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 21
BP 12612
EP 12619
DI 10.1021/es504029c
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS7QC
UT WOS:000344449100017
PM 25310505
ER
PT J
AU Ward, PJ
Jongman, B
Kummu, M
Dettinger, MD
Weiland, FCS
Winsemius, HC
AF Ward, Philip J.
Jongman, Brenden
Kummu, Matti
Dettinger, Michael D.
Weiland, Frederiek C. Sperna
Winsemius, Hessel C.
TI Strong influence of El Nino Southern Oscillation on flood risk around
the world
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE flood risk; El Nino Southern Oscillation; climate variability; global
scale; flood hazard
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL-SCALE; VARIABILITY; DISASTER;
ENSO; MANAGEMENT; SCIENCE; EVENTS
AB El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the most dominant interannual signal of climate variability and has a strong influence on climate over large parts of the world. In turn, it strongly influences many natural hazards (such as hurricanes and droughts) and their resulting socioeconomic impacts, including economic damage and loss of life. However, although ENSO is known to influence hydrology in many regions of the world, little is known about its influence on the socioeconomic impacts of floods (i.e., flood risk). To address this, we developed a modeling framework to assess ENSO's influence on flood risk at the global scale, expressed in terms of affected population and gross domestic product and economic damages. We show that ENSO exerts strong and widespread influences on both flood hazard and risk. Reliable anomalies of flood risk exist during El Nino or La Nina years, or both, in basins spanning almost half (44%) of Earth's land surface. Our results show that climate variability, especially from ENSO, should be incorporated into disaster-risk analyses and policies. Because ENSO has some predictive skill with lead times of several seasons, the findings suggest the possibility to develop probabilistic flood-risk projections, which could be used for improved disaster planning. The findings are also relevant in the context of climate change. If the frequency and/or magnitude of ENSO events were to change in the future, this finding could imply changes in flood-risk variations across almost half of the world's terrestrial regions.
C1 [Ward, Philip J.; Jongman, Brenden] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Ward, Philip J.; Jongman, Brenden] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Amsterdam Global Change Inst, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Kummu, Matti] Aalto Univ, Water & Dev Res Grp, Espoo 02150, Finland.
[Dettinger, Michael D.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Climate Atmospher Sci & Phys Oceanog Div, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Dettinger, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Weiland, Frederiek C. Sperna; Winsemius, Hessel C.] Deltares, NL-2629 HD Delft, Netherlands.
RP Ward, PJ (reprint author), Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Inst Environm Studies, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
EM philip.ward@ivm.vu.nl
RI Kummu, Matti/C-4797-2011; Ward, Philip/E-6208-2010; Jongman,
Brenden/G-4822-2015
OI Kummu, Matti/0000-0001-5096-0163; Jongman, Brenden/0000-0002-3361-2498
FU Veni grant from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research;
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences [RPI2.0]; European Commission
[308438]; Academy of Finland [267463]; US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration
FX We thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable
comments. We also thank Erin Coughlan (Red Cross/Red Crescent Climate
Centre), Alanna Simpson (World Bank Global Facility for Disaster
Reduction and Recovery), and Mark Guishard [Risk Prediction Initiative
(RPI2.0)] for comments on, and input to, the manuscript. This research
was funded by a Veni grant from the Netherlands Organisation for
Scientific Research and by a research grant from the RPI2.0 of the
Bermuda Institute of Ocean Sciences. Model validation was carried out in
the framework of the ENHANCE project (Enhancing risk management
partnerships for catastrophic natural hazards in Europe), funded by
European Commission Grant 308438. M. K. received funding from Academy of
Finland-funded project SCART Grant 267463 (Global green-blue water
trajectories and measures for adaptation: linking the Holocene to the
Anthropocene). M. D. D. received operational support from the
California-Nevada Climate Applications Program, a US National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration-funded Regional Integrated Science and
Assessment program.
NR 48
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 14
U2 67
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD NOV 4
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 44
BP 15659
EP 15664
DI 10.1073/pnas.1409822111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS2CY
UT WOS:000344088100026
PM 25331867
ER
PT J
AU Sheffels, TR
Sytsma, MD
Carter, J
Taylor, JD
AF Sheffels, Trevor R.
Sytsma, Mark D.
Carter, Jacoby
Taylor, Jimmy D.
TI Efficacy of Plastic Mesh Tubes in Reducing Herbivory Damage by the
Invasive Nutria (Myocastor coypus) in an Urban Restoration Site
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE herbivory; Myocastor; non-native; riparian; Vexar
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; STREAM RESTORATION; MAMMALIAN HERBIVORES;
RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SUCCESSION; MANAGEMENT;
CORRIDORS; WETLANDS; HABITAT
AB The restoration of stream corridors is becoming an increasingly important component of urban landscape planning, and the high cost of these projects necessitates the need to understand and address potential ecological obstacles to project success. The nutria (Myocastor coypus) is an invasive, semi-aquatic rodent native to South America that causes detrimental ecological impacts in riparian and wetland habitats throughout its introduced range, and techniques are needed to reduce nutria herbivory damage to urban stream restoration projects. We assessed the efficacy of standard Vexar (R) plastic mesh tubes in reducing nutria herbivory damage to newly established woody plants. The study was conducted in winter-spring 2009 at Delta Ponds, a 60-ha urban waterway in Eugene, Oregon. Woody plants protected by Vexar (R) tubes demonstrated 100% survival over the 3-month initial establishment period, while only 17% of unprotected plantings survived. Nutria demonstrated a preference for black cottonwood (Populus balsamifera ssp trichocarpa) over red osier dogwood (Cornus sericea) and willow (Salix spp). Camera surveillance showed that nutria were more active in unprotected rather than protected treatments. Our results suggest that Vexar (R) plastic mesh tubing can be an effective short-term herbivory mitigation tool when habitat use by nutria is low. Additionally, planting functionally equivalent woody plant species that are less preferred by nutria, and other herbivores, may be another method for reducing herbivory and improving revegetation success. This study highlights the need to address potential wildlife damage conflicts in the planning process for stream restoration in urban landscapes.
C1 [Sheffels, Trevor R.; Sytsma, Mark D.] Portland State Univ, Environm Sci & Management Dept, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Carter, Jacoby] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Taylor, Jimmy D.] USDA, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr,Oregon Field Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Sheffels, TR (reprint author), Friends Tualatin River Natl Wildlife Refuge, Sherwood, OR 97140 USA.
EM trevor_sheffels@fws.gov
FU USGS Invasive Species Program; USFWS Aquatic Invasive Species Program
FX We would like to thank the people who provided resources and guidance
for the project. Lauri Holts, City of Eugene Parks and Open Space,
provided logistical guidance, supplied live stakes, and coordinated
volunteer support. Sharon Gross, USGS Invasive Species Program, and Paul
Heimowitz, USFWS Aquatic Invasive Species Program, provided funding for
the study. Darren Johnson, USGS National Wetlands Research Center,
provided statistical support. Comments from two anonymous reviewers and
the journal editing team greatly improved the manuscript. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 44
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
EI 2161-9859
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 4
BP 269
EP 279
DI 10.3955/046.088.0403
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AZ9LK
UT WOS:000348535700001
ER
PT J
AU Brenkman, SJ
Duda, JJ
Kennedy, PR
Baker, BM
AF Brenkman, Samuel J.
Duda, Jeffrey J.
Kennedy, Philip R.
Baker, Bruce M.
TI A Legacy of Divergent Fishery Management Regimes and the Resilience of
Rainbow and Cutthroat Trout Populations in Lake Crescent, Olympic
National Park, Washington
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE mykiss; clarkii; spawning; genetics; nonnative; hatchery; Washington
ID NONNATIVE BROOK TROUT; CHANGE-POINT PROBLEMS; LIFE-HISTORY FORMS; DAM
REMOVAL; BULL TROUT; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; STEELHEAD TROUT; ELWHA RIVER;
NATURAL HYBRIDIZATION; MIGRATORY PATTERNS
AB As a means to increase visitation, early fisheries management in the National Park Service (NPS) promoted sport harvest and hatchery supplementation. Today, NPS management objectives focus on the preservation of native fish. We summarized management regimes of Olympic National Park's Lake Crescent, which included decades of liberal sport harvest and hatchery releases of 14.3 million salmonids. Notably, nonnative species failed to persist in the lake. Complementary analyses of annual redd counts (1989-2012) and genetics data delineated three sympatric trout (one rainbow; two cutthroat) populations that exhibited distinct spatial and temporal spawning patterns, variable emergence timings, and genetic distinctiveness. Allacustrine rainbow trout spawned in the lake outlet from January to May. Cutthroat trout spawned in the major inlet tributary (Barnes Creek) from February to June and in the outlet river (Lyre) from September to March, an unusual timing for coastal cutthroat trout. Redd counts for each species were initially low (rainbow = mean 89; range 37-159; cutthroat = mean 93; range 18-180), and significantly increased for rainbow trout (mean 306; range 254-352) after implementation of catch-and-release regulations. Rainbow and cutthroat trout reached maximum sizes of 10.4 kg and 5.4 kg, respectively, and are among the largest throughout their native ranges. Morphometric analyses revealed interspecific differences but no intraspecific differences between the two cutthroat populations. Genetic analyses identified three distinct populations and low levels (9-17%) of interspecific hybridization. Lake Crescent rainbow trout were genetically divergent from 24 nearby Oncorhynchus mykiss populations, and represented a unique evolutionary legacy worthy of protection. The indigenous and geographically isolated Lake Crescent trout populations were resilient to overharvest and potential interactions with introduced fish species.
C1 [Brenkman, Samuel J.; Kennedy, Philip R.] Natl Pk Serv, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA.
[Duda, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Baker, Bruce M.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
RP Brenkman, SJ (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Olymp Natl Pk,600 East Pk Ave, Port Angeles, WA 98362 USA.
EM sam_brenkman@nps.gov
RI Duda, Jeffrey/A-7132-2009
OI Duda, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7431-8634
FU ONP
FX We thank John Aho, John Meyer, and Steven Fradkin for their fish and
limnological monitoring efforts on Lake Crescent. Thanks to Pat DeHaan,
Carl Ostberg, and one anonymous reviewer for their helpful comments that
improved an earlier version of this manuscript. Special thanks to Dan
Averill, Steve Corbett, Pat Crain, Dan Drange, Josh Geffre, Dick Goin,
Steve Intelmann, and Jeff Jackson for their assistance during field data
collection throughout 23 years. Thanks to Norm Switzler, Cherril Bowman,
Bill Ingram, Christina Anthonysz, Tony Parra, Anne Marshall, Craig
Busack, and the late Steve Phelps for their assistance and input on the
genetics data. We thank Robert Gresswell, Gary Larson, Doug Markle, Mike
McHenry, Reg Reisenbichler, and Daniel Schindler for their insights
during a scientific panel review of Lake Crescent fisheries management.
Thanks to Roger Hoffman for generating maps and Rick Camp for
statistical advice. Funding for this work was provided by ONP. The use
of trade and company names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 93
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
EI 2161-9859
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 4
BP 280
EP 304
DI 10.3955/046.088.0404
PG 25
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AZ9LK
UT WOS:000348535700002
ER
PT J
AU Adkins, JY
Lyons, DE
Loschl, PJ
Roby, DD
Collis, K
Evans, AF
Hostetter, NJ
AF Adkins, Jessica Y.
Lyons, Donald E.
Loschl, Peter J.
Roby, Daniel D.
Collis, Ken
Evans, Allen F.
Hostetter, Nathan J.
TI Demographics of Piscivorous Colonial Waterbirds and Management
Implications for ESA-listed Salmonids on the Columbia Plateau
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE piscivorous waterbirds; Columbia Plateau; colony size; productivity;
limiting factors
ID MIGRATING JUVENILE SALMONIDS; DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANT; CASPIAN TERNS;
AVIAN PREDATION; NORTH-AMERICA; RIVER; POPULATIONS; SIZE; DIET
AB We investigated colony size, productivity, and limiting factors for five piscivorous waterbird species nesting at 18 locations on the Columbia Plateau (Washington) during 2004-2010 with emphasis on species with a history of salmonid (Oncorhynchus spp.) depredation. Numbers of nesting Caspian terns (Hydroprogne caspia) and double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus) were stable at about 700-1,000 breeding pairs at five colonies and about 1,200-1,500 breeding pairs at four colonies, respectively. Numbers of American white pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) increased at Badger Island, the sole breeding colony for the species on the Columbia Plateau, from about 900 individuals in 2007 to over 2,000 individuals in 2010. Overall numbers of breeding California gulls (Larus californicus) and ring-billed gulls (L. delawarensis) declined during the study, mostly because of the abandonment of a large colony in the mid-Columbia River. Three gull colonies below the confluence of the Snake and Columbia rivers increased substantially, however. Factors that may limit colony size and productivity for piscivorous waterbirds nesting on the Columbia Plateau included availability of suitable nesting habitat, interspecific competition for nest sites, predation, gull kleptoparasitism, food availability, and human disturbance. Based on observed population trends alone, there is little reason to project increased impacts to juvenile salmonid survival from tern and cormorant populations. Additional monitoring and evaluation may be warranted to assess future impacts of the growing Badger Island American white pelican colony and those gull colonies located near mainstem dams or associated with Caspian tern colonies where kleptoparasitism is common.
C1 [Adkins, Jessica Y.; Lyons, Donald E.; Loschl, Peter J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Roby, Daniel D.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Collis, Ken; Evans, Allen F.; Hostetter, Nathan J.] Real Time Res Inc, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
RP Collis, K (reprint author), Real Time Res Inc, 52 SW Roosevelt Ave, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
EM ken@realtimeresearch.com
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)-Walla Walla District; U.S. Bureau
of Reclamation (BOR)
FX The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)-Walla Walla District and the
U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (BOR) provided funding for this research; we
thank C. Boen, S. Dunmire, R. Kalamasz, C. Pinney, and D. Trachtenbarg
with the USACE and M. Newsom, M. Lesky, and A. Haynes with the BOR for
their support of this work. We also thank the Washington Department of
Fish and Wildlife, McNary National Wildlife Refuge, and the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, Migratory Birds and Habitat Programs for access to
the study sites. We thank T. Good (National Marine Fisheries Service)
and C. Maranto (University of Washington) for providing data on Caspian
tern colonies at Potholes Reservoir during 2004-2006. We are grateful to
L. Adrean, D. Battaglia, B. Cramer, M. Hawbecker, and numerous field
research assistants for their invaluable assistance in the field, lab,
and office. This paper benefited from comments provided by M. Kappes, D.
Trachtenbarg, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 53
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 17
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
EI 2161-9859
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 88
IS 4
BP 344
EP 359
DI 10.3955/046.088.0408
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AZ9LK
UT WOS:000348535700006
ER
PT J
AU Wannamaker, PE
Evans, RL
Bedrosian, PA
Unsworth, MJ
Maris, V
McGary, RS
AF Wannamaker, Philip E.
Evans, Rob L.
Bedrosian, Paul A.
Unsworth, Martyn J.
Maris, Virginie
McGary, R. Shane
TI Segmentation of plate coupling, fate of subduction fluids, and modes of
arc magmatism in Cascadia, inferred from magnetotelluric resistivity
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID LOW-FREQUENCY EARTHQUAKES; SOUTHERN CANADIAN CORDILLERA; NORTHWESTERN
UNITED-STATES; MENDOCINO TRIPLE JUNCTION; UPPER-MANTLE STRUCTURE;
ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FORE-ARC; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; FRANCISCAN
COMPLEX; NONVOLCANIC TREMOR
AB Five magnetotelluric (MT) profiles have been acquired across the Cascadia subduction system and transformed using 2-D and 3-D nonlinear inversion to yield electrical resistivity cross sections to depths of similar to 200 km. Distinct changes in plate coupling, subduction fluid evolution, and modes of arc magmatism along the length of Cascadia are clearly expressed in the resistivity structure. Relatively high resistivities under the coasts of northern and southern Cascadia correlate with elevated degrees of inferred plate locking, and suggest fluid-and sediment-deficient conditions. In contrast, the north-central Oregon coastal structure is quite conductive from the plate interface to shallow depths offshore, correlating with poor plate locking and the possible presence of subducted sediments. Low-resistivity fluidized zones develop at slab depths of 35-40 km starting similar to 100 km west of the arc on all profiles, and are interpreted to represent pro-grade metamorphic fluid release from the subducting slab. The fluids rise to forearc Moho levels, and sometimes shallower, as the arc is approached. The zones begin close to clusters of low-frequency earthquakes, suggesting fluid controls on the transition to steady sliding. Under the northern and southern Cascadia arc segments, low upper mantle resistivities are consistent with flux melting above the slab plus possible deep convective backarc upwelling toward the arc. In central Cascadia, extensional deformation is interpreted to segregate upper mantle melts leading to underplating and low resistivities at Moho to lower crustal levels below the arc and nearby backarc. The low-to high-temperature mantle wedge transition lies slightly trenchward of the arc.
C1 [Wannamaker, Philip E.; Maris, Virginie] Univ Utah, Energy & Geosci Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Evans, Rob L.; McGary, R. Shane] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Bedrosian, Paul A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Unsworth, Martyn J.] Univ Alberta, Dept Phys, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[McGary, R. Shane] Coll New Jersey, Dept Phys, Ewing, NJ USA.
RP Wannamaker, PE (reprint author), Univ Utah, Energy & Geosci Inst, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM pewanna@egi.utah.edu
RI Unsworth, Martyn/A-6395-2012;
OI Evans, Robert/0000-0001-5585-0684
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR08-43725, EAR08-38043]; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-PS36-04GO94001]; Earthscope grant
[EAR08-44041]; National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG)
fellowship
FX Phil Wannamaker and Virginie Maris gratefully acknowledge funding by the
U.S. National Science Foundation under grants EAR08-43725 and
EAR08-38043 through the Earthscope and Geophysics programs. The 2D
inversion capability received development support under U.S. Department
of Energy contract DE-PS36-04GO94001. Rob Evans was supported through
Earthscope grant EAR08-44041 and Shane McGary through a National Defense
Science and Engineering Graduate (NDSEG) fellowship. Fieldwork in Canada
was made possible by an NSERC Discovery Grant and a Canadian Foundation
for Innovation award to Martyn Unsworth. The long period instruments
were borrowed from the University of Washington (John Booker, P.I.)
through the NSF-supported EMSOC national MT pool. Steve Park generously
shared the five NIMS responses he measured across Lassen National
Forest. We thank Mike Baker, Joe Borman, Heather Haley, Teatha van
Schooten, and Adam Vicinus for field assistance in the long period CAFE
and Klamath-Modoc collection. Quantec Geoscience Inc acquired the
wideband MT data of the CAFE line and the great majority of the
Klamath-Modoc line. Mike Brudzinski, Alexandra Royer, and Amanda Thomas
kindly provided location files for the LFE events along Cascadia. Pat
McCrory shared a link to the seismicity data from her 2012 paper and
provided many useful comments. Content and presentation benefited
substantially from the remarks of two anonymous reviewers. We are
grateful to the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, U.S. Forest Service,
Latour State Forest, the Beaty, Green Diamond, Hancock, Humboldt
Redwood, and Weyerhauser timber companies, Grays Harbor County, Fort
Lewis Army Base, L T Murray State Wildlife area, and numerous private
land owners for access to recording sites. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The MT transfer function data
inverted to produce the cross section models of this paper are available
from the first author upon request.
NR 128
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 11
BP 4230
EP 4253
DI 10.1002/2014GC005509
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AZ2JT
UT WOS:000348060800007
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, ER
Daughtry, CST
Mirsky, SB
Hively, WD
AF Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.
Daughtry, Craig S. T.
Mirsky, Steven B.
Hively, W. Dean
TI Remote Sensing With Simulated Unmanned Aircraft Imagery for Precision
Agriculture Applications
SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE
SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Color-infrared photography; Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index
(GNDVI); nitrogen fertilization; Secale cereale; Triangular Greenness
Index (TGI); true-color photography; unmanned aircraft systems (UAS);
winter cover crop
ID LEAF CHLOROPHYLL CONTENT; VISIBLE BAND INDEX; AERIAL VEHICLE; CROP;
VEGETATION; MANAGEMENT; COVER; SYSTEM
AB An important application of unmanned aircraft systems (UAS) may be remote-sensing for precision agriculture, because of its ability to acquire images with very small pixel sizes from low altitude flights. The objective of this study was to compare information obtained from two different pixel sizes, one about a meter (the size of a small vegetation plot) and one about a millimeter. Cereal rye (Seeale eereale) was planted at the Beltsville Agricultural Research Center for a winter cover crop with fall and spring fertilizer applications, which produced differences in biomass and leaf chloroph 11 content. UAS imagery was simulated by placing a Fuji IS-Pro UVIR digital camera at 3-m height looking nadir. An external UV-IR cut filter was used to acquire true-color images; an external red cut filter was used to obtain color-infrared-like images with bands at near-infrared, green, and blue wavelengths. Plot-scale Green Normalized Difference Vegetation Index was correlated with dry aboveground biomass (r = 0.58), whereas the Triangular Greenness Index (TGI) was not correlated with chlorophyll content. We used the SamplePoint program to select 100 pixels systematically; we visually identified the cover type and acquired the digital numbers. The number of rye pixels in each image was better correlated with biomass (r = 0.73), and the average TGI from only leaf pixels was negatively correlated with chlorophyll content (r = 0.72). Thus, better information for crop requirements may be obtained using very small pixel sizes, but new algorithms based on computer vision are needed for analysis. It may not be necessary to geospatially register large numbers of photographs with very small pixel sizes. Instead, images could be analyzed as single plots along field transects.
C1 [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.; Daughtry, Craig S. T.; Mirsky, Steven B.] USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Hively, W. Dean] USGS Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Hunt, ER (reprint author), USDA ARS, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM Raymond.Hunt@ars.usda.gov
NR 33
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 7
U2 41
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA
SN 1939-1404
EI 2151-1535
J9 IEEE J-STARS
JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Appl. Earth Observ. Remote Sens.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 11
SI SI
BP 4566
EP 4571
DI 10.1109/JSTARS.2014.2317876
PG 6
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geography, Physical; Remote
Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Engineering; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AY9MR
UT WOS:000347875700027
ER
PT J
AU Araujo, CV
Borrego, AG
Cardott, B
das Chagas, RBA
Flores, D
Goncalves, P
Hackley, PC
Hower, JC
Kern, ML
Kus, J
Mastalerz, M
Mendonca, JG
Mendonca, JD
Menezes, TR
Newman, J
Suarez-Ruiz, I
da Silva, FS
de Souza, IV
AF Araujo, Carla Viviane
Borrego, Angeles G.
Cardott, Brian
das Chagas, Renata Brenand A.
Flores, Deolinda
Goncalves, Paula
Hackley, Paul C.
Hower, James C.
Kern, Marcio Luciano
Kus, Jolanta
Mastalerz, Maria
Mendonca Filho, Joao Graciano
Mendonca, Joalice de Oliveira
Menezes, Taissa Rego
Newman, Jane
Suarez-Ruiz, Isabel
da Silva, Frederico Sobrinho
de Souza, Igor Viegas
TI Petrographic maturity parameters of a Devonian shale maturation series,
Appalachian Basin, USA. ICCP Thermal Indices Working Group
interlaboratory exercise (vol 130, pg 89, 2014)
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Araujo, Carla Viviane; Menezes, Taissa Rego; de Souza, Igor Viegas] Petrobras Cenpes GEOQ PDGEO, BR-21941915 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Borrego, Angeles G.; Suarez-Ruiz, Isabel] Inst Nacl Carbon INCAR CSIC, Oviedo 33080, Spain.
[Cardott, Brian] Oklahoma Geol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[das Chagas, Renata Brenand A.; Kern, Marcio Luciano; Mendonca Filho, Joao Graciano; Mendonca, Joalice de Oliveira] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, IGEO, DEGL, LAFO, BR-21941 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
[Flores, Deolinda; Goncalves, Paula] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Ctr Geol, P-6874169 Oporto, Portugal.
[Hackley, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, MS 956 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Hower, James C.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA.
[Kus, Jolanta] Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, Dept Geochem Petr & Coal, D-30655 Hannover, Germany.
[Mastalerz, Maria] Indiana Univ, Indiana Geol Survey, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Newman, Jane] Newman Energy Res Ltd, Christchurch 8002, New Zealand.
RP Araujo, CV (reprint author), Fundacao Gorceix, Rua CarlosWalter Marinho Campos 57, BR-35400000 Ouro Preto, MG, Brazil.
RI Borrego, Angeles/B-7094-2015; Mendonca Filho, Joao Graciano/C-2098-2013;
Goncalves, Paula Alexandra/N-4522-2014; Flores, Deolinda
Flores/N-9901-2013
OI Borrego, Angeles/0000-0001-9021-7358; Mendonca Filho, Joao
Graciano/0000-0001-8997-0270; Goncalves, Paula
Alexandra/0000-0003-4841-8601; Flores, Deolinda
Flores/0000-0003-4631-7831
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 133
BP 100
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.007
PG 1
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AY5DO
UT WOS:000347593600008
ER
PT J
AU Smith, J
Spector, T
Determann, R
Cruse-Sanders, J
Pruner, R
Friel, M
O'Donnell, K
AF Smith, J.
Spector, T.
Determann, R.
Cruse-Sanders, J.
Pruner, R.
Friel, M.
O'Donnell, K.
TI To the brink of extinction: Disease, population decline and conservation
efforts of the Florida torreya (Torreya taxifolia)
SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT APS-CPS Joint Meeting
CY AUG 09-13, 2014
CL Minneapolis, MN
SP APS, CPS
C1 [Smith, J.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Spector, T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, West Valley City, UT USA.
[Determann, R.; Cruse-Sanders, J.] Atlanta Bot Garden, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Pruner, R.; Friel, M.] Florida Parks Serv, Panama City, FL USA.
[O'Donnell, K.] NCAUR ARS USDA, Peoria, IL USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 14
PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
PI ST PAUL
PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA
SN 0031-949X
EI 1943-7684
J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY
JI Phytopathology
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 11
SU 3
BP 111
EP 111
PG 1
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AW5GG
UT WOS:000346303300635
ER
PT J
AU MacFarlane, J
Thiel, S
Pek, J
Peacock, J
Heinson, G
AF MacFarlane, Jake
Thiel, Stephan
Pek, Josef
Peacock, Jared
Heinson, Graham
TI Characterisation of induced fracture networks within an enhanced
geothermal system using anisotropic electromagnetic modelling
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Geothermal; Magnetotellurics; Fluid injection; Fractures; Forward
modelling; Electrical anisotropy
ID NORTHERN FLINDERS RANGES; SOUTH-AUSTRALIA; MAGNETOTELLURIC
CHARACTERIZATION; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; PAINTER PROVINCE; FIELD;
RESISTIVITY; JAPAN
AB As opinions regarding the future of energy production shift towards renewable sources, enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are becoming an attractive prospect. The characterisation of fracture permeability at depth is central to the success of EGS. Recent magnetotelluric (MT) studies of the Paralana geothermal system (PGS), an EGS in South Australia, have measured changes in MT responses which were attributed to fracture networks generated during fluid injection experiments. However, extracting permeabilities from these measurements remains problematic as conventional isotropic MT modelling is unable to accommodate for the complexities present within an EGS. To circumvent this problem, we introduce an electrical anisotropy representation to allow better characterisation of volumes at depth. Forward modelling shows that MT measurements are sensitive to subtle variations in anisotropy. Subsequent two-dimensional anisotropic forward modelling shows that electrical anisotropy is able to reproduce the directional response associated with fractures generated by fluid injection experiments at the PGS. As such, we conclude that MT monitoring combined with anisotropic modelling is a promising alternative to the micro-seismic method when characterising fluid reservoirs within geothermal and coal seam gas reservoirs. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [MacFarlane, Jake; Thiel, Stephan; Peacock, Jared; Heinson, Graham] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
[Thiel, Stephan] Geol Survey South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
[Pek, Josef] Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Geophys, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
[Peacock, Jared] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP MacFarlane, J (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
EM jake.macfarlane@adelaide.edu.au
RI Pek, Josef/H-6384-2014;
OI Thiel, Stephan/0000-0002-8678-412X
FU School of Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of
Adelaide; South Australian Department for Manufacturing, Innovation,
Trade, Resources and Energy; South Australian Centre for Geothermal
Energy Research; Institute for Mineral and Energy Resources
FX The authors would like to thank Petratherm and their joint venture
partners along with aboriginal land owners for land access. Furthermore,
we would like to thank Petratherm and their joint venture partners for
supporting this project. For financial support, we thank the School of
Earth and Environmental Sciences at the University of Adelaide, the
South Australian Department for Manufacturing, Innovation, Trade,
Resources and Energy, the South Australian Centre for Geothermal Energy
Research and the Institute for Mineral and Energy Resources. We would
also like to thank AuScope and Goran Boren for the equipment used when
collecting the data. In addition, I would like to thank everyone
involved in the collection and processing of the data.
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 288
BP 1
EP 7
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.002
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AX8BC
UT WOS:000347134400001
ER
PT J
AU Guo, QH
Nordstrom, DK
McCleskey, RB
AF Guo, Qinghai
Nordstrom, D. Kirk
McCleskey, R. Blaine
TI Towards understanding the puzzling lack of acid geothermal springs in
Tibet (China): Insight from a comparison with Yellowstone (USA) and some
active volcanic hydrothermal systems
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Geothermal water; Geochemistry; Acid spring; Magma chamber;
Steam-heating; Tibet; Yellowstone; Active volcanic-hydrothermal area
ID SOUTHERN TIBET; NATIONAL-PARK; GAS GEOCHEMISTRY; BRIGHT SPOTS; WATERS;
CALDERA; FIELD; DISCHARGES; EARTHQUAKE; BENEATH
AB Explanations for the lack of acid geothermal springs in Tibet are inferred from a comprehensive hydrochemical comparison of Tibetan geothermal waters with those discharged from Yellowstone (USA) and two active volcanic areas, Nevado del Ruiz (Colombia) and Miravalles (Costa Rica) where acid springs are widely distributed and diversified in terms of geochemical characteristic and origin. For the hydrothermal areas investigated in this study, there appears to be a relationship between the depths of magma chambers and the occurrence of acid, chloride-rich springs formed via direct magmatic fluid absorption. Nevado del Ruiz and Miravalles with magma at or very close to the surface (less than 1-2 km) exhibit very acidic waters containing HCl and H2SO4. In contrast, the Tibetan hydrothermal systems, represented by Yangbajain, usually have fairly deep-seated magma chambers so that the released acid fluids are much more likely to be fully neutralized during transport to the surface. The absence of steamheated acid waters in Tibet, however, may be primarily due to the lack of a confining layer (like young impermeable lavas at Yellowstone) to separate geothermal steam from underlying neutral chloride waters and the possible scenario that the deep geothermal fluids below Tibet carry less H2S than those below Yellowstone. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Guo, Qinghai] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Guo, Qinghai] China Univ Geosci, Sch Environm Studies, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Nordstrom, D. Kirk; McCleskey, R. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Guo, QH (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, 388 Lumo Rd, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM qhguo2006@gmail.com; dkn@usgs.gov
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [40702041, 41120124003];
Ministry of Education of China [B08030]; Fundamental Research Fund for
National Universities; China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
[CUG120505, CUG120113]
FX This study would not have been possible without the support of the
National Research Program of the USGS. It was also financially supported
by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (nos. 40702041 and
41120124003), the Ministry of Education of China (111 project, no.
B08030) and the Fundamental Research Fund for National Universities,
China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) (nos. CUG120505 and CUG120113).
The use of trade, product, industry, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the Governments of USA
and China. The very helpful comments of Dr. William C. Evans, Dr. Jacob
B. Lowenstern (USGS reviewer), and an anonymous reviewer are gratefully
acknowledged.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 288
BP 94
EP 104
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.10.005
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AX8BC
UT WOS:000347134400008
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, KR
Miller, IM
Pigati, JS
AF Johnson, Kirk R.
Miller, Ian M.
Pigati, Jeffrey S.
CA Snowmastodon Project Sci Team
TI Introduction to the Snowmastodon Project Special Volume The Snowmastodon
Project
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Johnson, Kirk R.; Miller, Ian M.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
[Pigati, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Johnson, KR (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM JohnsonKR@si.edu
OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774; Shapiro, Beth/0000-0002-2733-7776;
Jimenez Moreno, Gonzalo/0000-0001-7185-8686; Gray,
Harrison/0000-0002-4555-7473; Rountrey, Adam/0000-0003-0939-9102
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 473
EP 476
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.010
PG 4
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100001
ER
PT J
AU Pigati, JS
Miller, IM
Johnson, KR
Honke, JS
Carrara, PE
Muhs, DR
Skipp, G
Bryant, B
AF Pigati, Jeffrey S.
Miller, Ian M.
Johnson, Kirk R.
Honke, Jeffrey S.
Carrara, Paul E.
Muhs, Daniel R.
Skipp, Gary
Bryant, Bruce
TI Geologic setting and stratigraphy of the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site,
Snowmass Village, Colorado
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bull Lake glaciation; Pleistocene fossils; Snowmastodon; Paleoclimate;
Stratigraphy
ID PINEDALE; GLACIATION; SEDIMENT; RANGE
AB The geologic setting of the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site is somewhat unusual - the sediments containing the Pleistocene fossils were deposited in a lake on top of a ridge. The lake basin was formed near Snowmass Village, Colorado (USA) when a glacier flowing down Snowmass Creek Valley became thick enough to overtop a low point in the eastern valley wall and entered the head of Brush Creek Valley. When the glacier retreated at about 155-130 ka, near the end of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 6, the Brush Creek Valley lobe left behind a moraine that impounded a small alpine lake. The lake was initially similar to 10 m deep and appears to have been highly productive during most of its existence, based on the abundant and exquisitely preserved organic material present in the sediments. Over time, the basin slowly filled with (mostly) eolian sediment such that by similar to 87 ka it contained a marsh or wetland rather than a true lake. Open-water conditions returned briefly between similar to 77 and 55 ka before the impoundment was finally breached to the east, establishing ties with the Brush Creek drainage system and creating an alpine meadow that persisted until historic times. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Honke, Jeffrey S.; Carrara, Paul E.; Muhs, Daniel R.; Skipp, Gary; Bryant, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Miller, Ian M.; Johnson, Kirk R.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
RP Pigati, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS-980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jpigati@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program; National Science Foundation [EAR 1125579]; National
Geographic Society's Committee for Research and Exploration
FX We thank Ronna Bowers, Harland Goldstein, Gary Skipp, and Kenzie Turner
for assistance during drilling operations. We thank Paco van Sistine for
creating the site location figure. This manuscript benefited from
constructive reviews from Eric Leonard, Joseph Licciardi, and Kenzie
Turner. Specimens referenced in this paper were collected at the Ziegler
Reservoir locality, 5PT1264, under State of Colorado Paleontological
Permits 2010-106 and 2011-17. The authors thank History Colorado/The
Colorado Historical Society, the Snowmass Water and Sanitation District,
and Snowmass Village for their assistance with this excavation. This
project was funded in part by the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and
Land Use Change Research and Development Program, the National Science
Foundation (#EAR 1125579), and the National Geographic Society's
Committee for Research and Exploration.
NR 19
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 477
EP 489
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2013.12.011
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100002
ER
PT J
AU Mahan, SA
Gray, HJ
Pigati, JS
Wilson, J
Lifton, NA
Paces, JB
Blaauw, M
AF Mahan, Shannon A.
Gray, Harrison J.
Pigati, Jeffrey S.
Wilson, Jim
Lifton, Nathaniel A.
Paces, James B.
Blaauw, Maarten
TI A geochronologic framework for the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site,
Snowmass Village, Colorado
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Luminescence dating; Radiocarbon dating; Surface exposure dating;
U-series dating; Ziegler Reservoir
ID OPTICALLY STIMULATED LUMINESCENCE; BE-10 PRODUCTION-RATE; COSMOGENIC
RADIONUCLIDES; PRODUCTION-RATES; AMS STANDARDS; MOJAVE DESERT; U-SERIES;
SEDIMENTS; RADIOCARBON; CALIBRATION
AB The Ziegler Reservoir fossil site near Snowmass Village, Colorado (USA), provides a unique opportunity to reconstruct high-altitude paleoenvironmental conditions in the Rocky Mountains during the Last Interglacial Period. We used four different techniques to establish a chronological framework for the site. Radiocarbon dating of lake organics, bone collagen, and shell carbonate, and in situ cosmogenic Be-10 and Al-26 ages on a boulder on the crest of a moraine that impounded the lake suggest that the ages of the sediments that hosted the fossils are between similar to 140 lea and >45 ka. Uranium-series ages of vertebrate remains generally fall within these bounds, but extremely low uranium concentrations and evidence of open-system behavior limit their utility. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) ages (n = 18) obtained from fine-grained quartz maintain stratigraphic order, were replicable, and provide reliable ages for the lake sediments. Analysis of the equivalent dose (D-E) dispersion of the OSL samples showed that the sediments were fully bleached prior to deposition and low scatter suggests that eolian processes were likely the dominant transport mechanism for fine-grained sediments into the lake. The resulting ages show that the fossil-bearing sediments span the latest part of Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 6, all of MIS 5 and MIS 4, and the earliest part of MIS 3. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Mahan, Shannon A.; Gray, Harrison J.; Pigati, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wilson, Jim] Aeon Labs LLC, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA.
[Lifton, Nathaniel A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Paces, James B.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Blaauw, Maarten] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
RP Mahan, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS-974, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM smahan@usgs.gov
RI Lifton, Nathaniel/M-2017-2015;
OI Lifton, Nathaniel/0000-0002-6976-3298; Gray,
Harrison/0000-0002-4555-7473; Blaauw, Maarten/0000-0002-5680-1515;
Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
NR 68
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 14
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 490
EP 503
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.03.004
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100003
ER
PT J
AU Leonard, EM
Plummer, MA
Carrara, PE
AF Leonard, Eric M.
Plummer, Mitchell A.
Carrara, Paul E.
TI Numerical modeling of the Snowmass Creek paleoglacier, Colorado, and
climate in the Rocky Mountains during the Bull Lake glaciation (MIS 6)
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Numerical glacier modeling; Rocky Mountains; Bull Lake glaciation;
Paleoclimate; MIS 6
ID SOUTHERN SAWATCH RANGE; LATE-PLEISTOCENE; ICE-FLOW; UINTA MOUNTAINS;
UNITED-STATES; GLACIER; MAXIMUM; INFERENCES; RECONSTRUCTION; COMPLEX
AB Well-preserved moraines from the penultimate, or Bull Lake, glaciation of Snowmass Creek Valley in the Elk Range of Colorado (USA) present an opportunity to examine the character of the high-altitude climate in the Rocky Mountains during Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage 6. This study employs a 2-D coupled mass/energy balance and flow model to assess the magnitudes of temperature and precipitation change that could have sustained the glacier in mass-balance equilibrium at its maximum extent during the Bull Lake glaciation. Variable substrate effects on glacier flow and ice thickness make the modeling somewhat more complex than in geologically simpler settings. Model results indicate that a temperature depression of about 6.7 degrees C compared with the present (1971-2000 AD) would have been necessary to sustain the Snowmass Creek glacier in mass-balance equilibrium during the Bull Lake glaciation, assuming no change in precipitation amount or seasonality. A 50% increase or decrease from modern precipitation would have been coupled with 5.2 degrees C and 9.1 degrees C Bull Lake temperature depressions respectively. Uncertainty in these modeled temperature depressions is about 1 degrees C. (C) 2014 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.
C1 [Leonard, Eric M.] Colorado Coll, Dept Geol, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
[Plummer, Mitchell A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Carrara, Paul E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Leonard, EM (reprint author), Colorado Coll, Dept Geol, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
EM eleonard@coloradocollege.edu
NR 30
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 533
EP 541
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.03.001
PG 9
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100006
ER
PT J
AU Anderson, RS
Jimenez-Moreno, G
Ager, T
Porinchu, DF
AF Anderson, R. Scott
Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo
Ager, Thomas
Porinchu, David F.
TI High-elevation paleoenvironmental change during MIS 6-4 in the central
Rockies of Colorado as determined from pollen analysis
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ziegler Reservoir; Interglaciations; Pollen analysis; High elevation;
Climate variability
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; SAN-JUAN MOUNTAINS; GREAT-SALT-LAKE;
MILLENNIAL-SCALE; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; VEGETATION HISTORY; CLIMATE CHANGES;
USA; TIMBERLINE; RECORD
AB Paleoecological studies from Rocky Mountain (USA) high elevations encompassing the previous interglacial (MIS 5e) are rare. The similar to 10-m composite profile from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site (2705 m asl) of central Colorado allows us to determine paleoenvironments from Marine Oxygen Isotope Stages (MIS) 6-4 using pollen zones that are approximately equivalent to marine oxygen isotope stages. During Pollen Zone (PZ) 6 time, pollen assemblages dominated by Artemisia (sagebrush) suggest that alpine tundra or steppe occurred nearby. The transition to PZ Se was characterized by a rapid increase in tree pollen, initially Picea (spruce) and Pinus (pine) but also Quercus (oak) and Pseudotsuga menziesii (Douglas-fir). Non-arboreal pollen (NAP) types increased during PZ 5d, while Abies (fir) and Juniperus (juniper) increased during PZ 5c. Pollen evidence suggests that temperatures during PZ 5b were as cold as during PZ 6, with the site again surrounded by alpine tundra. Picea dominated during PZ 5a before the onset of cooler conditions during PZ 4. The MIS 6-MIS 5e transition here was similar to the MIS 2-MIS 1 transition at other Rocky Mountain sites. However, the Ziegler Reservoir pollen record contains evidence suggesting unexpected climatic trends at this site, including a warmer-than-expected MIS 5d and cooler-than-expected MIS 5b. (C) 2014 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.
C1 [Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Bilby Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo] Univ Granada, Dept Estratigrea & Paleontol, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Ager, Thomas] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Porinchu, David F.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Anderson, RS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM Scott.Anderson@nau.edu
FU Denver Museum of Nature and Science [03-377 NAU2011, 03-377 NAU-2012];
U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program [G13AC00022]
FX We thank Kirk Johnson, Ian Miller and Jeff Pigati for bringing this
important site to our attention. We also thank Damara Kautz, Spencer
Rubin and Martina Tingley for assistance in collecting the pollen
samples; Silke Buschmann for pollen processing; Monique Belanger for
data entry; and Monica Saaty for Figure 1. We greatly appreciated
comments on the manuscript by Wally Wolfenden, Alan Gillespie, Jeff
Pigati and an anonymous reviewer. Funding for this project came from
grants from the Denver Museum of Nature and Science (03-377 NAU2011 and
03-377 NAU-2012) and the U.S. Geological Survey's Climate and Land Use
Change Research and Development Program (G13AC00022).
NR 47
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 11
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 542
EP 552
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.03.005
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100007
ER
PT J
AU Strickland, LE
Baker, RG
Thompson, RS
Miller, DM
AF Strickland, Laura E.
Baker, Richard G.
Thompson, Robert S.
Miller, Dane M.
TI Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler
Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Plant macrofossils; Last interglacial; Paleoecology; Paleoclimate
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; LACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS; WESTERN NORWAY; CLEAR
LAKE; POLLEN; BASIN; AGE; CALIFORNIA; TAPHONOMY; REMAINS
AB Ninety plant macrofossil taxa from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site near Snowmass Village, Colorado, record environmental changes at high elevation (2705 m asp in the Rocky Mountains during the Last Interglacial Period. Present-day vegetation is aspen forest (Populus tremuloides) intermixed with species of higher (Picea, Abies) and lower (Artemisia, Quercus) elevations. Stratigraphic units 4-13 contain montane forest taxa found near the site today and several species that today generally live at lower elevations within (Abies concolor, Lycopus americanus) and outside Colorado (Najas flexilis). These data suggest near-modern climatic conditions, with slightly warmer summer and winter temperatures. This montane forest period was succeeded by a shorter treeless interval (Unit 14) representing colder and/or drier conditions. In units 15-16, conifer trees reoccur but deciduous and herb taxa are lacking, suggesting a return to warmer conditions, although cooler than during the earlier forest period. Comparison of these inferred paleoclimatic changes with the site's geochronologic framework indicates that the lower interval of sustained warmth correlates with late MIS 6-early 5b (similar to 138-94 ka), the cold interval with MIS 5b (similar to 94-87 ka), and the uppermost cool assemblages with MIS 5a (similar to 87-77 ka). Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Strickland, Laura E.; Thompson, Robert S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Baker, Richard G.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Miller, Dane M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Strickland, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS-980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM lstrickland@usgs.gov
OI Baker, Richard/0000-0002-5460-725X
NR 78
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 553
EP 566
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.008
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100008
ER
PT J
AU Miller, DM
Miller, IM
Jackson, ST
AF Miller, Dane M.
Miller, Ian M.
Jackson, Stephen T.
TI Biogeography of Pleistocene conifer species from the Ziegler Reservoir
fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Pleistocene; Plant macrofossils; Conifers; Rocky Mountains; Morphometric
analysis; Biogeography
ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; LATE-QUATERNARY; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
LOUISIANA-MISSISSIPPI; VEGETATION HISTORY; TUNICA HILLS; POLLEN; USA;
RECORDS; WISCONSIN
AB Pleistocene biogeography of conifer species is poorly known in much of western North America. We conducted morphological studies on 201 conifer cones and cone fragments recovered from Pleistocene sediments at the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site (2705 m) near Snowmass Village, Colorado. The basin, formed similar to 155-130 ka, contains fossil-bearing lacustrine, palustrine, and colluvial sediments spanning approximately 85 ka. Using a suite of morphological characters, particularly cone-scale bracts, we differentiated species of Abies, Picea, and Pseudotsuga. All fossil Abies specimens were assignable based on bract morphology to Abies concolor, which is currently absent from central Colorado (nearest populations are 160 km southwest of the site). A. concolor occurs only in sediments of MIS 5d and 5c. Pseudotsuga menziesii and Picea engelmannii cones occurred in sediments corresponding to MIS 5e, 5d, 5c, and 5a. A fourth conifer species, occurring in sediments of MIS 5e, 5d, 5c, and 5a, is difficult to assign to any extant species. Bract morphology is similar to Picea pungens, which grows near the site today, but scale morphology is unlike P. pungens. These fossils may represent ancestral P. pungens, an extinct variant, or an extinct sister species. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of University of Washington.
C1 [Miller, Dane M.; Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Miller, Ian M.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Dept Earth Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
[Miller, Ian M.] US Geol Survey, Dept Interior Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Miller, DM (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM miller.dm78@gmail.com
NR 51
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 567
EP 574
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.06.003
PG 8
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100009
ER
PT J
AU Miller, IM
Pigati, JS
Anderson, RS
Johnson, KR
Mahan, SA
Ager, TA
Baker, RG
Blaauw, M
Bright, J
Brown, PM
Bryant, B
Calamari, ZT
Carrara, PE
Cherney, MD
Demboski, JR
Elias, SA
Fisher, DC
Gray, HJ
Haskett, DR
Honke, JS
Jackson, ST
Jimenez-Moreno, G
Kline, D
Leonard, EM
Lifton, NA
Lucking, C
McDonald, HG
Miller, DM
Muhs, DR
Nash, SE
Newton, C
Paces, JB
Petrie, L
Plummer, MA
Porinchu, DF
Rountrey, AN
Scott, E
Sertich, JJW
Sharpe, SE
Skipp, GL
Strickland, LE
Stucky, RK
Thompson, RS
Wilson, J
AF Miller, Ian M.
Pigati, Jeffrey S.
Anderson, R. Scott
Johnson, Kirk R.
Mahan, Shannon A.
Ager, Thomas A.
Baker, Richard G.
Blaauw, Maarten
Bright, Jordon
Brown, Peter M.
Bryant, Bruce
Calamari, Zachary T.
Carrara, Paul E.
Cherney, Michael D.
Demboski, John R.
Elias, Scott A.
Fisher, Daniel C.
Gray, Harrison J.
Haskett, Danielle R.
Honke, Jeffrey S.
Jackson, Stephen T.
Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo
Kline, Douglas
Leonard, Eric M.
Lifton, Nathaniel A.
Lucking, Carol
McDonald, H. Gregory
Miller, Dane M.
Muhs, Daniel R.
Nash, Stephen E.
Newton, Cody
Paces, James B.
Petrie, Lesley
Plummer, Mitchell A.
Porinchu, David F.
Rountrey, Adam N.
Scott, Eric
Sertich, Joseph J. W.
Sharpe, Saxon E.
Skipp, Gary L.
Strickland, Laura E.
Stucky, Richard K.
Thompson, Robert S.
Wilson, Jim
TI Summary of the Snowmastodon Project Special Volume A high-elevation,
multi-proxy biotic and environmental record of MIS 6-4 from the Ziegler
Reservoir fossil site, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA
SO QUATERNARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Rocky Mountains; Sangamon interglacial; Paleoclimate; Ziegler Reservoir;
Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage; Mammut americanum; Mammuthus columbi
ID LAST INTERGLACIAL PERIOD; SCALE CLIMATE VARIABILITY; MARINE ISOTOPE
STAGE-11; NORTH-AMERICA; MILLENNIAL-SCALE; POLLEN RECORD; ORBITAL-SCALE;
UNITED-STATES; DEVILS-HOLE; DEEP-OCEAN
AB In North America, terrestrial records of biodiversity and climate change that span Marine Oxygen Isotope Stage (MIS) 5 are rare. Where found, they provide insight into how the coupling of the ocean-atmosphere system is manifested in biotic and environmental records and how the biosphere responds to climate change. In 2010-2011, construction at Ziegler Reservoir near Snowmass Village, Colorado (USA) revealed a nearly continuous, lacustrine/wetland sedimentary sequence that preserved evidence of past plant communities between similar to 140 and 55 lea, including all of MIS 5. At an elevation of 2705 m, the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site also contained thousands of well-preserved bones of late Pleistocene megafauna, including mastodons, mammoths, ground sloths, horses, camels, deer, bison, black bear, coyotes, and bighorn sheep. In addition, the site contained more than 26,000 bones from at least 30 species of small animals including salamanders, otters, muskrats, minks, rabbits, beavers, frogs, lizards, snakes, fish, and birds. The combination of macro- and micro-vertebrates, invertebrates, terrestrial and aquatic plant macrofossils, a detailed pollen record, and a robust, directly dated stratigraphic framework shows that high-elevation ecosystems in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado are climatically sensitive and varied dramatically throughout MIS 5. (C) 2014 University of Washington. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Miller, Ian M.; Johnson, Kirk R.; Demboski, John R.; Kline, Douglas; Lucking, Carol; Nash, Stephen E.; Sertich, Joseph J. W.] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
[Pigati, Jeffrey S.; Mahan, Shannon A.; Ager, Thomas A.; Carrara, Paul E.; Gray, Harrison J.; Honke, Jeffrey S.; Muhs, Daniel R.; Paces, James B.; Strickland, Laura E.; Thompson, Robert S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Johnson, Kirk R.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Baker, Richard G.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Blaauw, Maarten] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Geog Archaeol & Palaeoecol, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Bright, Jordon] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
Rocky Mt Tree Ring Res, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Calamari, Zachary T.; Cherney, Michael D.; Fisher, Daniel C.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Elias, Scott A.] Univ London, Dept Geog, Egham TW20 0EX, Surrey, England.
[Calamari, Zachary T.; Cherney, Michael D.; Fisher, Daniel C.; Rountrey, Adam N.] Univ Michigan, Museum Paleontol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Haskett, Danielle R.; Porinchu, David F.] Univ Georgia, Dept Geog, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.; Miller, Dane M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Inst Environm, Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Jimenez-Moreno, Gonzalo] Univ Granada, Dept Estratig & Paleontol, Granada 18002, Spain.
[Leonard, Eric M.] Colorado Coll, Dept Geol, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
[Lifton, Nathaniel A.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[McDonald, H. Gregory; Stucky, Richard K.] Natl Pk Serv, Museum Management Program, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Newton, Cody] Univ Colorado, Dept Anthropol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Petrie, Lesley] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Plummer, Mitchell A.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA.
[Rountrey, Adam N.] Univ Western Australia, Oceans Inst, Ctr Marine Futures, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Scott, Eric] San Bernardino Cty Museum, Redlands, CA 92374 USA.
[Sharpe, Saxon E.] Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Wilson, Jim] Aeon Labs LLC, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA.
RP Miller, IM (reprint author), Denver Museum Nat & Sci, 2001 Colorado Blvd, Denver, CO 80205 USA.
EM ian.miller@dmns.org
RI Lifton, Nathaniel/M-2017-2015;
OI Lifton, Nathaniel/0000-0002-6976-3298; Gray,
Harrison/0000-0002-4555-7473; Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774;
Rountrey, Adam/0000-0003-0939-9102
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 17
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0033-5894
EI 1096-0287
J9 QUATERNARY RES
JI Quat. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 82
IS 3
BP 618
EP 634
DI 10.1016/j.yqres.2014.07.004
PG 17
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX5DB
UT WOS:000346946100014
ER
PT J
AU Senay, GB
Velpuri, NM
Bohms, S
Demissie, Y
Gebremichael, M
AF Senay, Gabriel B.
Velpuri, Naga Manohar
Bohms, Stefanie
Demissie, Yonas
Gebremichael, Mekonnen
TI Understanding the hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin using
multisource climate and remote sensing data sets
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID UPPER BLUE NILE; WATER-BALANCE; ENERGY-BALANCE; RIVER DISCHARGE;
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; ETHIOPIA; VARIABILITY; PRODUCTS; RAINFALL; MODEL
AB In this study, we integrated satellite-drived precipitation and modeled evapotranspiration data (2000-2012) to describe spatial variability of hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin. Over 2000-2012 period, 4 out of 11 countries (Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda) in the Nile Basin showed a positive water balance while three downstream countries (South Sudan, Sudan, and Egypt) showed a negative balance. Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mass deviation in storage data analysis showed that at annual timescales, the Nile Basin storage change is substantial while over longer time periods, it is minimal (<1% of basin precipitation). We also used long-term gridded runoff and river discharge data (1869-1984) to understand the discrepancy in the observed and expected flow along the Nile River. The top three countries that contribute most to the flow are Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Kenya. The study revealed that similar to 85% of the runoff generated in the equatorial region is lost in an interstation basin that includes the Sudd wetlands in South Sudan; this proportion is higher than the literature reported loss of 50% at the Sudd wetlands alone. The loss in runoff and flow volume at different sections of the river tend to be more than what can be explained by evaporation losses, suggesting a potential recharge to deeper aquifers that are not connected to the Nile channel systems. On the other hand, we also found that the expected average annual Nile flow at Aswan is greater (97 km(3)) than the reported amount (84 km(3)). Due to the large variations of the reported Nile flow at different locations and time periods, the study results indicate the need for increased hydrometeorological instrumentation of the basin. The study also helped improve our understanding of the spatial dynamics of water sources and sinks in the Nile Basin and identified emerging hydrologic questions that require further attention.
C1 [Senay, Gabriel B.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Velpuri, Naga Manohar] ASRC InuTeq LLC, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Bohms, Stefanie] SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Demissie, Yonas] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Richland, WA USA.
[Gebremichael, Mekonnen] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Senay, GB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM senay@usgs.gov
FU USGS EROS Center [G13PC00028, G10PC00044]
FX All spatial data used in this research are available freely as stated in
the methods section. We thank Sudan Minsitry of Water and Electricity
for sharing discharge data with us. We thank Dr. Martin Jung of Max
Planck Institute for sharing MPI Gridded FLUXNET data with us. We also
thank Dr. Guleid Artan for his initial review and constructive comments.
We thank Dr. Sandra Coopers, USGS Internal editor for editorial comments
and suggestions that have greatly improved the readability of this
article. We thank five anonymous reviewers and editors for their useful
and insightful comments. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Work was performed under USGS EROS Center contract
G13PC00028 (N. M. V.) and contract G10PC00044 (S. B.).
NR 54
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 11
BP 8625
EP 8650
DI 10.1002/2013WR015231
PG 26
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AX0PQ
UT WOS:000346654600015
ER
PT J
AU Midekisa, A
Senay, GB
Wimberly, MC
AF Midekisa, Alemayehu
Senay, Gabriel B.
Wimberly, Michael C.
TI Multisensor earth observations to characterize wetlands and malaria
epidemiology in Ethiopia
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX; SPECTRAL MIXTURE-MODELS; WESTERN KENYA
HIGHLANDS; ANOPHELES-ARABIENSIS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST COVER;
LAND-COVER; LARVAL HABITATS; HOUSEHOLD LEVEL; BITING BEHAVIOR
AB Malaria is a major global public health problem, particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. The spatial heterogeneity of malaria can be affected by factors such as hydrological processes, physiography, and land cover patterns. Tropical wetlands, for example, are important hydrological features that can serve as mosquito breeding habitats. Mapping and monitoring of wetlands using satellite remote sensing can thus help to target interventions aimed at reducing malaria transmission. The objective of this study was to map wetlands and other major land cover types in the Amhara region of Ethiopia and to analyze district-level associations of malaria and wetlands across the region. We evaluated three random forests classification models using remotely sensed topographic and spectral data based on Shuttle Radar Topographic Mission (SRTM) and Landsat TM/ETM1 imagery, respectively. The model that integrated data from both sensors yielded more accurate land cover classification than single-sensor models. The resulting map of wetlands and other major land cover classes had an overall accuracy of 93.5%. Topographic indices and subpixel level fractional cover indices contributed most strongly to the land cover classification. Further, we found strong spatial associations of percent area of wetlands with malaria cases at the district level across the dry, wet, and fall seasons. Overall, our study provided the most extensive map of wetlands for the Amhara region and documented spatiotemporal associations of wetlands and malaria risk at a broad regional level. These findings can assist public health personnel in developing strategies to effectively control and eliminate malaria in the region.
C1 [Midekisa, Alemayehu; Wimberly, Michael C.] S Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Senay, Gabriel B.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Wimberly, MC (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM Michael.Wimberly@sdstate.edu
FU NASA through the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF) program
[NNX11AP79H]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
[R01AI079411]
FX This work was supported by NASA, grant NNX11AP79H, through the NASA
Earth and Space Science Fellowship (NESSF) program and by National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases through grant R01AI079411.
We acknowledge the Amhara National Regional State Health Bureau for
their cooperation. Abere Mihretie, Paulos Semuniguse, and Hiwot Teka
from the Health, Development, and Anti-Malaria Association collected the
malaria surveillance data. Landsat surface reflectance products are
courtesy of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The MODIS data were
obtained from the NASA Land Processes Distributed Active Archive Center
(LP DAAC), located at the USGS/Earth Resources Observation and Science
(EROS) Center, Sioux Falls, SD, USA (http://lpdaac.usgs.gov). We would
like to thank Jeffrey J. Danielson at the USGS/EROS Center, Sioux Falls,
SD, USA for providing the DEM data and Nicholas Humphrey at South Dakota
State University for digitizing Google Earth reference data. Data are
available on request from the corresponding author.
NR 88
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 11
BP 8791
EP 8806
DI 10.1002/2014WR015634
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AX0PQ
UT WOS:000346654600023
PM 25653462
ER
PT J
AU Sukop, MC
Cunningham, KJ
AF Sukop, Michael C.
Cunningham, Kevin J.
TI Lattice Boltzmann methods applied to large-scale three-dimensional
virtual cores constructed from digital optical borehole images of the
karst carbonate Biscayne aquifer in southeastern Florida
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID POROSITY; FLOW; PERMEABILITY; SANDSTONE; LIMESTONE; MICROTOMOGRAPHY;
GEOSTATISTICS; SIMULATIONS; WALL
AB Digital optical borehole images at approximately 2 mm vertical resolution and borehole caliper data were used to create three-dimensional renderings of the distribution of (1) matrix porosity and (2) vuggy megaporosity for the karst carbonate Biscayne aquifer in southeastern Florida. The renderings based on the borehole data were used as input into Lattice Boltzmann methods to obtain intrinsic permeability estimates for this extremely transmissive aquifer, where traditional aquifer test methods may fail due to very small drawdowns and non-Darcian flow that can reduce apparent hydraulic conductivity. Variogram analysis of the borehole data suggests a nearly isotropic rock structure at lag lengths up to the nominal borehole diameter. A strong correlation between the diameter of the borehole and the presence of vuggy megaporosity in the data set led to a bias in the variogram where the computed horizontal spatial autocorrelation is strong at lag distances greater than the nominal borehole size. Lattice Boltzmann simulation of flow across a 0.4 x 0.4 x 17 m (2.72 m(3) volume) parallel-walled column of rendered matrix and vuggy megaporosity indicates a high hydraulic conductivity of 53 m s(-1). This value is similar to previous Lattice Boltzmann calculations of hydraulic conductivity in smaller limestone samples of the Biscayne aquifer. The development of simulation methods that reproduce dual-porosity systems with higher resolution and fidelity and that consider flow through horizontally longer renderings could provide improved estimates of the hydraulic conductivity and help to address questions about the importance of scale.
C1 [Sukop, Michael C.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Cunningham, Kevin J.] US Geol Survey, Davie, FL USA.
RP Sukop, MC (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM sukopm@fiu.edu
OI Sukop, Michael/0000-0002-2142-6292; Cunningham,
Kevin/0000-0002-2179-8686
FU U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Science program; U.S.
Geological Survey Critical Ecosystems Studies Initiative (Everglades
National Park) program
FX Supporting data consisting of the WellCAD (TM) file for the optical
borehole image and caliper log for the work described herein can be
found at the Water Resources Research website for this paper. The
Lattice Boltzmann computer code can be found at
https://code.google.com/p/lb3d-prime-dev/source/checkout. The U.S.
Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Science and Critical Ecosystems
Studies Initiative (Everglades National Park) programs provided major
project funding. Daniel Thorne (Georgetown College) assisted with
computer programming.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 17
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 11
BP 8807
EP 8825
DI 10.1002/2014WR015465
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AX0PQ
UT WOS:000346654600024
ER
PT J
AU Eppinger, M
Pearson, T
Koenig, SSK
Pearson, O
Hicks, N
Agrawal, S
Sanjar, F
Galens, K
Daugherty, S
Crabtree, J
Hendriksen, RS
Price, LB
Upadhyay, BP
Shakya, G
Fraser, CM
Ravel, J
Keim, PS
AF Eppinger, Mark
Pearson, Talima
Koenig, Sara S. K.
Pearson, Ofori
Hicks, Nathan
Agrawal, Sonia
Sanjar, Fatemeh
Galens, Kevin
Daugherty, Sean
Crabtree, Jonathan
Hendriksen, Rene S.
Price, Lance B.
Upadhyay, Bishnu P.
Shakya, Geeta
Fraser, Claire M.
Ravel, Jacques
Keim, Paul S.
TI Genomic Epidemiology of the Haitian Cholera Outbreak: a Single
Introduction Followed by Rapid, Extensive, and Continued Spread
Characterized the Onset of the Epidemic
SO MBIO
LA English
DT Article
ID BURROWS-WHEELER TRANSFORM; VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; READ ALIGNMENT; DIVERSITY;
STRAINS; ORIGIN
AB For centuries, cholera has been one of the most feared diseases. The causative agent Vibrio cholerae is a waterborne Gram-negative enteric pathogen eliciting a severe watery diarrheal disease. In October 2010, the seventh pandemic reached Haiti, a country that had not experienced cholera for more than a century. By using whole-genome sequence typing and mapping strategies of 116 serotype O1 strains from global sources, including 44 Haitian genomes, we present a detailed reconstructed evolutionary history of the seventh pandemic with a focus on the Haitian outbreak. We catalogued subtle genomic alterations at the nucleotide level in the genome core and architectural rearrangements from whole-genome map comparisons. Isolates closely related to the Haitian isolates caused several recent outbreaks in southern Asia. This study provides evidence for a single-source introduction of cholera from Nepal into Haiti followed by rapid, extensive, and continued clonal expansion. The phylogeographic patterns in both southern Asia and Haiti argue for the rapid dissemination of V. cholerae across the landscape necessitating real-time surveillance efforts to complement the whole-genome epidemiological analysis. As eradication efforts move forward, phylogeographic knowledge will be important for identifying persistent sources and monitoring success at regional levels. The results of molecular and epidemiological analyses of this outbreak suggest that an indigenous Haitian source of V. cholerae is unlikely and that an indigenous source has not contributed to the genomic evolution of this clade.
IMPORTANCE In this genomic epidemiology study, we have applied high-resolution whole-genome-based sequence typing methodologies on a comprehensive set of genome sequences that have become available in the aftermath of the Haitian cholera epidemic. These sequence resources enabled us to reassess the degree of genomic heterogeneity within the Vibrio cholerae O1 serotype and to refine boundaries and evolutionary relationships. The established phylogenomic framework showed how outbreak isolates fit into the global phylogeographic patterns compared to a comprehensive globally and temporally diverse strain collection and provides strong molecular evidence that points to a nonindigenous source of the 2010 Haitian cholera outbreak and refines epidemiological standards used in outbreak investigations for outbreak inclusion/exclusion following the concept of genomic epidemiology. The generated phylogenomic data have major public health relevance in translating sequence-based information to assist in future diagnostic, epidemiological, surveillance, and forensic studies of cholera.
C1 [Eppinger, Mark; Sanjar, Fatemeh] Univ Texas San Antonio, STCEID, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Eppinger, Mark; Koenig, Sara S. K.; Sanjar, Fatemeh] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX USA.
[Pearson, Talima; Hicks, Nathan; Keim, Paul S.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Pearson, Ofori] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hicks, Nathan; Price, Lance B.; Keim, Paul S.] Translat Genom Res Inst TGen, Div Pathogen Genom, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Agrawal, Sonia; Galens, Kevin; Daugherty, Sean; Crabtree, Jonathan; Fraser, Claire M.; Ravel, Jacques] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, IGS, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.
[Hendriksen, Rene S.] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
[Upadhyay, Bishnu P.; Shakya, Geeta] Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Kathmandu, Nepal.
RP Eppinger, M (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, STCEID, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
EM mark.eppinger@utsa.edu; paul.keim@nau.edu
OI Fraser, Claire/0000-0003-1462-2428; Ravel, Jacques/0000-0002-0851-2233
FU South Texas Center of Emerging Infectious Diseases (STCEID); Department
of Biology at the University of Texas at San Antonio; National
Institutes of Health [G12MD007591]; STCEID
FX This study received support from the South Texas Center of Emerging
Infectious Diseases (STCEID) and Department of Biology at the University
of Texas at San Antonio and computational support from the Computational
System Biology Core funded by the National Institutes of Health under
contractG12MD007591. F.S. is supported in part by the STCEID.
NR 37
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 21
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 2150-7511
J9 MBIO
JI mBio
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 6
AR e01721
DI 10.1128/mBio.01721-14
PG 8
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA AX7CE
UT WOS:000347073600004
PM 25370488
ER
PT J
AU Elliott, KH
O'Reilly, KM
Hatch, SA
Gaston, AJ
Hare, JF
Anderson, WG
AF Elliott, Kyle H.
O'Reilly, Kathleen M.
Hatch, Scott A.
Gaston, Anthony J.
Hare, James F.
Anderson, W. Gary
TI The prudent parent meets old age: A high stress response in very old
seabirds supports the terminal restraint hypothesis
SO HORMONES AND BEHAVIOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Black-legged kittiwake; Free hormone hypothesis; Glucocorticoids; Rissa
tridactyla; Senescence; Shy/reactive and bold/proactive personalities;
Thick-billed murre; Uria lomvia
ID LONG-LIVED SEABIRD; BLACK-LEGGED KITTIWAKES; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
TELOMERE LENGTH; HEART-RATE; FORAGING BEHAVIOR; FREE HORMONE; COMMON
TERN; MARINE BIRD; LATE-LIFE
AB The reproductive success of wild animals usually increases with age before declining at the end of life, but the proximate mechanisms underlying those patterns remain elusive. Young animals are expected to invest less in current reproduction due to high prospects for future reproduction (the "restraint" hypothesis). The oldest animals may also show restraint when conditions are sub-optimal where even a small increase in reproductive investment may lead to death ("terminal restraint"). Alternatively, reproduction may be constrained by lack of experience and senescence (the "constraint" hypothesis). In two species of breeding seabirds, behavioural (time to return the offspring, calmness during restraint) and physiological (metabolism, glucose and corticosterone) parameters responded similarly to stress with advancing age, implying a generalized stress response. Across those parameters, birds were "shy" (high stress response) when young or old, and "bold" (low stress response) when middle-aged. Specifically, free corticosterone, the principal avian glucocorticoid responsible for directing energy away from reproduction and towards immediate survival following stress, was highest in both young and very old stressed birds. All age groups had a similar adrenal capacity to produce corticosterone, implying that middleaged birds were showing restraint. Because the stress response, was highest at ages when the probability of current reproduction was lowest rather than at ages when the probability of future reproduction was highest we concluded that birds restrained reproductive investment based on current conditions rather than potential future opportunities. In particular, old birds showed terminal restraint when stressed. Hormonal cues promoted investment in adult survival over reproductive output at both the start and end of life consistent with the restraint hypothesis. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Elliott, Kyle H.; Hare, James F.; Anderson, W. Gary] Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
[O'Reilly, Kathleen M.] Univ Portland, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97203 USA.
[Hatch, Scott A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gaston, Anthony J.] Carleton Univ, Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
RP Elliott, KH (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
EM urialomvia@gmail.com
FU NSERC Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship; ACUNS Garfield Weston Northern
Studies scholarship; AINA Jennifer Robinson Scholarship; NSERC; Sigma
Xi; Society of Canadian Ornithologists/Bird Studies Canada James Baillie
Award; American Ornithologists' Union; Northern Scientific Training
Program; M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust; Environment Canada; Polar
Continental Shelf Project
FX I. Dorresteijn, K. Elner, Z. Fitzner, E. Grosbellet, M. Guigueno, E.
Kennedy, M. LeVaillant, J. Provencher, E. Rogers, J. Schultner, P.
Smith, T. Van Nus, K. Woo, and especially M. Guigueno, A. Westphal and
T. Wood helped in the field. J. Nakoolak kept us safe from bears. L.
Chivers, B. Delehanty, C. Ryan, J. Welcker and T. Williams provided very
useful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. The manuscript
was a chapter in KHE's PhD dissertation and benefited from comments by
committee members J. Anderson, K. Campbell and F. Schweizer. R.
Armstrong at the Nunavut Research Institute, M. Mallory at the Canadian
Wildlife Service Northern Research Division and C. Eberl at National
Wildlife Research Centre in Ottawa provided logistical support. KHE
received financial support through a NSERC Vanier Canada Graduate
Scholarship, ACUNS Garfield Weston Northern Studies scholarship and AINA
Jennifer Robinson Scholarship. Research support came from the NSERC
(JFH, WGA), the Sigma Xi grant-in-aid of research (KHE), the Society of
Canadian Ornithologists/Bird Studies Canada James Baillie Award (KHE),
the American Ornithologists' Union (KHE), the Northern Scientific
Training Program (KHE, JFH), the M. J. Murdock Charitable Trust (KMO),
the Environment Canada (AJG) and the Polar Continental Shelf Project
(AJG). Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 105
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 8
U2 67
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0018-506X
EI 1095-6867
J9 HORM BEHAV
JI Horm. Behav.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 66
IS 5
BP 828
EP 837
DI 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2014.11.001
PG 10
WC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Behavioral Sciences; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA AX4BR
UT WOS:000346879600014
PM 25448533
ER
PT J
AU De Siena, L
Thomas, C
Waite, GP
Moran, SC
Klemme, S
AF De Siena, L.
Thomas, C.
Waite, G. P.
Moran, S. C.
Klemme, S.
TI Attenuation and scattering tomography of the deep plumbing system of
Mount St. Helens
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE attenuation tomography; scattering tomography; volcano tomography
ID ACTIVE SEISMIC EXPERIMENT; MULTIPLE-SCATTERING; P-WAVE; CRUSTAL
HETEROGENEITY; SPATIAL VARIATIONS; MT. VESUVIUS; MAGMA SYSTEM; CODA
WAVES; FAULT-ZONE; EARTHQUAKE
AB We present a combined 3-D P wave attenuation, 2-D S coda attenuation, and 3-D S coda scattering tomography model of fluid pathways, feeding systems, and sediments below Mount St. Helens (MSH) volcano between depths of 0 and 18 km. High-scattering and high-attenuation shallow anomalies are indicative of magma and fluid-rich zones within and below the volcanic edifice down to 6 km depth, where a high-scattering body outlines the top of deeper aseismic velocity anomalies. Both the volcanic edifice and these structures induce a combination of strong scattering and attenuation on any seismic wavefield, particularly those recorded on the northern and eastern flanks of the volcanic cone. North of the cone between depths of 0 and 10 km, a low-velocity, high-scattering, and high-attenuation north-south trending trough is attributed to thick piles of Tertiary marine sediments within the St. Helens Seismic Zone. A laterally extended 3-D scattering contrast at depths of 10 to 14 km is related to the boundary between upper and lower crust and caused in our interpretation by the large-scale interaction of the Siletz terrane with the Cascade arc crust. This contrast presents a low-scattering, 4-6 km(2) hole under the northeastern flank of the volcano. We infer that this section represents the main path of magma ascent from depths greater than 6 km at MSH, with a small north-east shift in the lower plumbing system of the volcano. We conclude that combinations of different nonstandard tomographic methods, leading toward full-waveform tomography, represent the future of seismic volcano imaging.
C1 [De Siena, L.; Thomas, C.] Univ Munster, Inst Geophys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
[De Siena, L.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Dept Geol & Petr Geol, Aberdeen, Scotland.
[Waite, G. P.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol Engn & Sci, Houghton, MI 49931 USA.
[Moran, S. C.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Klemme, S.] Univ Munster, Inst Mineral, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
RP De Siena, L (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Geophys, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
EM lucadesiena@uni-muenster.de
RI De Siena, Luca/I-8181-2015;
OI De Siena, Luca/0000-0002-3615-5923; Waite, Gregory/0000-0002-7092-8125
NR 54
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 11
BP 8223
EP 8238
DI 10.1002/2014JB011372
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AX0QG
UT WOS:000346656100013
ER
PT J
AU Hardebeck, JL
AF Hardebeck, Jeanne L.
TI The impact of static stress change, dynamic stress change, and the
background stress on aftershock focal mechanisms
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE stress triggering; focal mechanism
ID 1992 LANDERS EARTHQUAKE; MAYOR-CUCAPAH EARTHQUAKE; AMERICA PLATE
BOUNDARY; HECTOR-MINE-EARTHQUAKE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; SLIP HISTORY;
SEQUENCE; DEFORMATION; SEISMICITY; FAULTS
AB The focal mechanisms of earthquakes in Southern California before and after four M6.7 main shocks provide insight into how fault systems respond to stress and changes in stress. The main shock static stress changes have two observed impacts on the seismicity: changing the focal mechanisms in a given location to favor those aligned with the static stress change and changing the spatial distribution of seismicity to favor locations where the static stress change aligns with the background stress. The aftershock focal mechanisms are significantly aligned with the static stress changes for absolute stress changes of 0.02MPa, for up to similar to 20years following the main shock. The dynamic stress changes have similar, although smaller, effects on the local focal mechanisms and the spatial seismicity distribution. Dynamic stress effects are best observed at long periods (30-60s) and for metrics based on repeated stress cycling in the same direction. This implies that dynamic triggering operates, at least in part, through cyclic shear stress loading in the direction of fault slip. The background stress also strongly controls both the preshock and aftershock mechanisms. While most aftershock mechanisms are well oriented in the background stress field, 10% of aftershocks are identified as poorly oriented outliers, which may indicate limited heterogeneity in the postmain shock stress field. The fault plane orientations of the outliers are well oriented in the background stress, while their slip directions are not, implying that the background stress restricts the distribution of available fault planes.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Hardebeck, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jhardebeck@usgs.gov
OI Hardebeck, Jeanne/0000-0002-6737-7780
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 11
BP 8239
EP 8266
DI 10.1002/2014JB011533
PG 28
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AX0QG
UT WOS:000346656100014
ER
PT J
AU Parsons, T
Geist, EL
Ryan, HF
Lee, HJ
Haeussler, PJ
Lynett, P
Hart, PE
Sliter, R
Roland, E
AF Parsons, Tom
Geist, Eric L.
Ryan, Holly F.
Lee, Homa J.
Haeussler, Peter J.
Lynett, Patrick
Hart, Patrick E.
Sliter, Ray
Roland, Emily
TI Source and progression of a submarine landslide and tsunami: The 1964
Great Alaska earthquake at Valdez
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE 1964 Alaska earthquake; landslide tsunamis; bathymetry; seismic
reflection imaging; tsunami modeling
ID GENERATION; MORPHOLOGY; SEA; GEOMORPHOLOGY; ELEVATION; MOBILITY; HAZARD;
MARGIN; RUNUP; MODEL
AB Like many subduction zone earthquakes, the deadliest aspects of the 1964 M=9.2 Alaska earthquake were the tsunamis it caused. The worst of these were generated by local submarine landslides induced by the earthquake. These caused high runups, engulfing several coastal towns in Prince William Sound. In this paper, we study one of these cases in detail, the Port Valdez submarine landslide and tsunami. We combine eyewitness reports, preserved film, and careful posttsunami surveys with new geophysical data to inform numerical models for landslide tsunami generation. We review the series of events as recorded at Valdez old town and then determine the corresponding subsurface events that led to the tsunami. We build digital elevation models of part of the pretsunami and posttsunami fjord-head delta. Comparing them reveals a similar to 1500m long region that receded 150m to the east, which we interpret as the primary delta landslide source. Multibeam imagery and high-resolution seismic reflection data identify a similar to 400m wide chute with hummocky deposits at its terminus, which may define the primary slide path. Using these elements we run hydrodynamic models of the landslide-driven tsunamis that match observations of current direction, maximum inundation, and wave height at Valdez old town. We speculate that failure conditions at the delta front may have been influenced by manmade changes in drainage patterns as well as the fast retreat of Valdez and other glaciers during the past century.
C1 [Parsons, Tom; Geist, Eric L.; Ryan, Holly F.; Lee, Homa J.; Hart, Patrick E.; Sliter, Ray] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Haeussler, Peter J.; Roland, Emily] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Lynett, Patrick] Univ So Calif, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Roland, Emily] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Parsons, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM tparsons@usgs.gov
OI Parsons, Tom/0000-0002-0582-4338; Lynett, Patrick/0000-0002-2856-9405;
Haeussler, Peter/0000-0002-1503-6247
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 11
BP 8502
EP 8516
DI 10.1002/2014JB011514
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AX0QG
UT WOS:000346656100027
ER
PT J
AU Oberle, FKJ
Storlazzi, CD
Hanebuth, TJJ
AF Oberle, Ferdinand K. J.
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Hanebuth, Till J. J.
TI Wave-driven sediment mobilization on a storm-controlled continental
shelf (Northwest Iberia)
SO JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Waves; Continental shelf; Sediment mobilization; Modeling; Ecosystems;
Iberia
ID PRESTIGE OIL-SPILL; NORTHERN PORTUGUESE SHELF; LOW-ACCUMULATION SHELF;
GALICIA NW SPAIN; SYSTEM NW; MARINE BIODIVERSITY; WINTER DYNAMICS;
COASTAL REGIONS; MID-SHELF; BOTTOM
AB Seafloor sediment mobilization on the inner Northwest Iberian continental shelf is caused largely by ocean surface waves. The temporal and spatial variability in the wave height, wave period, and wave direction has a profound effect on local sediment mobilization, leading to distinct sediment mobilization scenarios. Six grain-size specific sediment mobilization scenarios, representing seasonal average and storm conditions, were simulated with a physics-based numerical model. Model inputs included meteorological and oceanographic data in conjunction with seafloor grain-size and the shelf bathymetric data. The results show distinct seasonal variations, most importantly in wave height, leading to sediment mobilization, specifically on the inner shelf shallower than 30 m water depth where up to 49% of the shelf area is mobilized. Medium to severe storm events are modeled to mobilize up to 89% of the shelf area above 150 m water depth. The frequency of each of these seasonal and storm-related sediment mobilization scenarios is addressed using a decade of meteorological and oceanographic data. The temporal and spatial patterns of the modeled sediment mobilization scenarios are discussed in the context of existing geological and environmental processes and conditions to assist scientific, industrial and environmental efforts that are directly affected by sediment mobilization. Examples, where sediment mobilization plays a vital role, include seafloor nutrient advection, recurrent arrival of oil from oil-spill-laden seafloor sediment, and bottom trawling impacts. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Oberle, Ferdinand K. J.; Hanebuth, Till J. J.] Univ Bremen, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, MARUM, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Oberle, FKJ (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Ctr Marine Environm Sci, MARUM, Leobener Str, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
EM foberle@marum.de
OI Storlazzi, Curt/0000-0001-8057-4490
FU GLOMAR graduate school of the DFG Research Center MARUM; US Geological
Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program through the Marine
Geomorphology, Evolution, and Habitats Project; DFG [HA 4317/4-2]
FX This work was supported by travel funding from the GLOMAR graduate
school of the DFG Research Center MARUM. FO would like to thank Bob
Rosenbauer and Jane Reid for their support at the US Geological Survey's
Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center. In many ways Brian Edwards'
(USGS) and Peter Swarzenski's (USGS) contagious enthusiasm made this
project possible. CS was funded by the US Geological Survey's Coastal
and Marine Geology Program through the Marine Geomorphology, Evolution,
and Habitats Project. TH acknowledges a DFG Heisenberg fellowship (HA
4317/4-2). This article is a publication of the DFG 543 Research
Center/Excellence Cluster "The Ocean in the Earth System" at the
University of Bremen.
NR 87
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-7963
EI 1879-1573
J9 J MARINE SYST
JI J. Mar. Syst.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 139
BP 362
EP 372
DI 10.1016/j.jmarsys.2014.07.018
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
SC Geology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AX6FD
UT WOS:000347017700030
ER
PT J
AU Song, K
Hernandez, ME
Batson, JA
Mitsch, WJ
AF Song, Keunyea
Hernandez, Maria E.
Batson, Jacqulyn A.
Mitsch, William J.
TI Long-term denitrification rates in created riverine wetlands and their
relationship with environmental factors
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Created wetland; Nitrogen retention; Denitrification; Wetland hydrology;
Aboveground net primary productivity; Olentangy River Wetland Research
Park
ID RIPARIAN WETLANDS; WATER; NITRATE; SOIL; VEGETATION; RETENTION;
DIVERSITY; HYDROLOGY; ACETYLENE; COMMUNITY
AB Created wetlands that mimic structure and functions of natural wetlands have been widely applied mainly as a means for water quality improvement. Denitrification is a process that is considered to be important, especially in wetlands with their anaerobic soils, for the removal of nitrogen. In this study, we assessed the temporal and spatial patterns of denitrification from created wetlands over a relatively long time scale of 6 years. We found that denitrification rates were highly variable, ranging from 2.1 to 5288 mu g m(-2) h(-1) over that 6-year study period. Overall denitrification followed expected seasonal patterns, depending on temperature and nitrate concentrations in the surface water. We also found higher denitrification in open water and deep marsh areas than in shallow and wetland edge areas, likely the result of oxygen depletion in deeper water areas. Denitrification was also regulated by hydrologic regime. The highest mean denitrification rate (506 mu g m-2 h-1) was observed in 2004 when the wetlands received artificial hydrologic pulses and the lowest rates (217 tig m(-2) h(-1)) were observed in 2008, when wetlands were drier than in other years. The presence/absence of vegetation had little influence of spatial and seasonal variations of denitrification. However, annual variations of denitrification tended to be related to vegetation productivity as indicated by aboveground net primary productivity. This result suggests that denitrification rates may have been suppressed by plants creating aerobic condition in their rhizospheres. The high spatio-temporal patterns of denitrification seen in these created wetlands were caused mainly by a complex interaction of hydrology, nitrate-nitrogen concentrations and temperature. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Song, Keunyea] Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
[Hernandez, Maria E.] Inst Ecol, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico.
[Batson, Jacqulyn A.] USGS, Natl Res Program Water Resources, Reston, VA USA.
[Mitsch, William J.] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Kapnick Ctr, Naples, FL 34112 USA.
RP Mitsch, WJ (reprint author), Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Kapnick Ctr, Everglades Wetland Res Pk,4940 Bayshore Dr, Naples, FL 34112 USA.
EM wmitsch@fgcu.edu
OI Mitsch, William/0000-0001-8348-3172
FU US Environmental Protection Agency [EM-83329801-0, MX95413108]; National
Science Foundation [CBET-1033451]; U.S. Department of Agriculture NRI
CSREES [2003-35102-13518]; Mexican National Council for Science and
Technology (CONACYT) Scholarship [169000]; Payne grant from the Ohio
Agricultural Research and Development Center of The Ohio State
University; Ohio State University's Graduate Fellowship Program;
Environmental Science Graduate Program
FX Funding and support for this study was provided, in part, by US
Environmental Protection Agency grants EM-83329801-0 and MX95413108;
National Science Foundation grant CBET-1033451, U.S. Department of
Agriculture NRI CSREES award 2003-35102-13518, Mexican National Council
for Science and Technology (CONACYT) Scholarship # 169000, and a Payne
grant from the Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center of The
Ohio State University. The Wilma H. Schiermeier Olentangy River Wetland
Research Park (ORWRP) at The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio and
The Ohio State University's Graduate Fellowship Program and
Environmental Science Graduate Program provided additional assistance
for student support. Ulo Mander, Sandy Sha, Chris Cooley, and Sherr Vue
assisted with field measurements.
NR 41
TC 14
Z9 16
U1 4
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
EI 1872-6992
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 72
BP 40
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2013.06.041
PG 7
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA AW6NY
UT WOS:000346387300005
ER
PT J
AU Wagner, T
Midway, SR
AF Wagner, Tyler
Midway, Stephen R.
TI Modeling spatially varying landscape change points in species occurrence
thresholds
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE hierarchical Bayesian; landscape; Salvelinus fontinalis; species
occurrence; thresholds
ID BROOK TROUT; MACROSYSTEMS ECOLOGY; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; MANAGEMENT;
OCCUPANCY; SCALE; BIODIVERSITY; TEMPERATURE; DISTURBANCE
AB Predicting species distributions at scales of regions to continents is often necessary, as large-scale phenomena influence the distributions of spatially structured populations. Land use and land cover are important large-scale drivers of species distributions, and landscapes are known to create species occurrence thresholds, where small changes in a landscape characteristic results in abrupt changes in occurrence. The value of the landscape characteristic at which this change occurs is referred to as a change point. We present a hierarchical Bayesian threshold model (HBTM) that allows for estimating spatially varying parameters, including change points. Our model also allows for modeling estimated parameters in an effort to understand large-scale drivers of variability in land use and land cover on species occurrence thresholds. We use range-wide detection/nondetection data for the eastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), a stream-dwelling salmonid, to illustrate our HBTM for estimating and modeling spatially varying threshold parameters in species occurrence. We parameterized the model for investigating thresholds in landscape predictor variables that are measured as proportions, and which are therefore restricted to values between 0 and 1. Our HBTM estimated spatially varying thresholds in brook trout occurrence for both the proportion agricultural and urban land uses. There was relatively little spatial variation in change point estimates, although there was spatial variability in the overall shape of the threshold response and associated uncertainty. In addition, regional mean stream water temperature was correlated to the change point parameters for the proportion of urban land use, with the change point value increasing with increasing mean stream water temperature. We present a framework for quantify macrosystem variability in spatially varying threshold model parameters in relation to important large-scale drivers such as land use and land cover. Although the model presented is a logistic HBTM, it can easily be extended to accommodate other statistical distributions for modeling species richness or abundance.
C1 [Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Midway, Stephen R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Wagner, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM txw19@psu.edu
NR 39
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 20
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 11
AR 145
DI 10.1890/ES14-00288.1
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AW8DO
UT WOS:000346491100005
ER
PT J
AU Leveille, RJ
Bridges, J
Wiens, RC
Mangold, N
Cousin, A
Lanza, N
Forni, O
Ollila, A
Grotzinger, J
Clegg, S
Siebach, K
Berger, G
Clark, B
Fabre, C
Anderson, R
Gasnault, O
Blaney, D
Deflores, L
Leshin, L
Maurice, S
Newsom, H
AF Leveille, Richard J.
Bridges, John
Wiens, Roger C.
Mangold, Nicolas
Cousin, Agnes
Lanza, Nina
Forni, Olivier
Ollila, Ann
Grotzinger, John
Clegg, Samuel
Siebach, Kirsten
Berger, Gilles
Clark, Ben
Fabre, Cecile
Anderson, Ryan
Gasnault, Olivier
Blaney, Diana
Deflores, Lauren
Leshin, Laurie
Maurice, Sylvestre
Newsom, Horton
TI Chemistry of fracture-filling raised ridges in Yellowknife Bay, Gale
Crater: Window into past aqueous activity and habitability on Mars
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; diagenesis; mudstone; smectite; magnesium; LIBS
ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; DEPTH-PROFILE ANALYSIS; CLAY MINERAL
FORMATION; CEMENT STRATIGRAPHY; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; SNC METEORITE;
SAPONITE; CHEMCAM; INSTRUMENT; HISTORY
AB The ChemCam instrument package on the Curiosity rover was used to characterize distinctive raised ridges in the Sheepbed mudstone, Yellowknife Bay formation, Gale Crater. The multilayered, fracture-filling ridges are more resistant to erosion than the Sheepbed mudstone rock in which they occur. The bulk average composition of the raised ridges is enriched in MgO by 1.2-1.7 times (average of 8.3-11.4 wt %; single-shot maximum of 17.0 wt %) over that of the mudstone. Al2O3 is anticorrelated with MgO, while Li is somewhat enriched where MgO is highest. Some ridges show a variation in composition with different layers on a submillimeter scale. In particular, the McGrath target shows similar high-MgO resistant outer layers and a low-MgO, less resistant inner layer. This is consistent with the interpretation that the raised ridges are isopachous fracture-filling cements with a stratigraphy that likely reveals changes in fluid composition or depositional conditions over time. Overall, the average composition of the raised ridges is close to that of a Mg- and Fe-rich smectite, or saponite, which may also be the main clay mineral constituent of the host mudstone. These analyses provide evidence of diagenesis and aqueous activity in the early postdepositional history of the Yellowknife Bay formation, consistent with a low salinity to brackish fluid at near-neutral or slightly alkaline pH. The fluids that circulated through the fractures likely interacted with the Sheepbed mudstone and (or) other stratigraphically adjacent rock units of basaltic composition and leached Mg from them preferentially.
C1 [Leveille, Richard J.] Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ, Canada.
[Leveille, Richard J.] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Bridges, John] Univ Leicester, Dept Phys & Astron, Space Res Ctr, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Wiens, Roger C.; Cousin, Agnes; Lanza, Nina; Clegg, Samuel] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Mangold, Nicolas] Univ Nantes, Lab Planetol & Geodynam Nantes, Nantes, France.
[Forni, Olivier; Berger, Gilles; Gasnault, Olivier; Maurice, Sylvestre] Univ Toulouse, UPS OMP, IRAP, Toulouse, France.
[Forni, Olivier; Berger, Gilles; Gasnault, Olivier; Maurice, Sylvestre] CNRS, IRAP, Toulouse, France.
[Ollila, Ann; Newsom, Horton] Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Grotzinger, John; Siebach, Kirsten] CALTECH, Lab Planetol & Geodynam Nantes, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Clark, Ben] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA.
[Fabre, Cecile] Univ Lorraine, GeoRessources UMR CNRS, Nancy, France.
[Anderson, Ryan] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Blaney, Diana; Deflores, Lauren] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Leshin, Laurie] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY USA.
RP Leveille, RJ (reprint author), Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ, Canada.
EM rich.leveille@gmail.com
RI BERGER, Gilles/F-7118-2016;
OI Gasnault, Olivier/0000-0002-6979-9012; Siebach,
Kirsten/0000-0002-6628-6297; Clegg, Sam/0000-0002-0338-0948
FU NASA's Mars Program Office; Canadian Space Agency; Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)
FX The MSL mission is funded by NASA's Mars Program Office. R.J.L. received
financial support from the Canadian Space Agency. The French
contribution to ChemCam on MSL is supported by the Centre National
d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES). We acknowledge the whole MSL team and JPL, in
particular, for developing and leading this successful mission. We also
thank the reviewers for their excellent comments, which greatly helped
to improve the manuscript. The data reported in this paper are archived
at the Planetary Data System, accessible at
http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu/missions/msl/index.htm.
NR 72
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 11
BP 2398
EP 2415
DI 10.1002/2014JE004620
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AW5XU
UT WOS:000346345100008
ER
PT J
AU Kemp, AC
Bernhardt, CE
Horton, BP
Kopp, RE
Vane, CH
Peltier, WR
Hawkes, AD
Donnelly, JP
Parnell, AC
Cahill, N
AF Kemp, Andrew C.
Bernhardt, Christopher E.
Horton, Benjamin P.
Kopp, Robert E.
Vane, Christopher H.
Peltier, W. Richard
Hawkes, Andrea D.
Donnelly, Jeffrey P.
Parnell, Andrew C.
Cahill, Niamh
TI Late Holocene sea- and land-level change on the US southeastern Atlantic
coast
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Salt marsh; Foraminifera; Glacio-isostatic adjustment Greenland
finger-print; Florida
ID MERIDIONAL OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; SALT-MARSH FORAMINIFERA;
UNITED-STATES; GULF-STREAM; NORTH-CAROLINA; SPATIAL VARIABILITY;
JUNCUS-ROEMERIANUS; CARBON ISOTOPES; TIDAL MARSH; ICE-5G VM2
AB Late Holocene relative sea-level (RSL) reconstructions can be used to estimate rates of land-level (subsidence or uplift) change and therefore to modify global sea-level projections for regional conditions. These reconstructions also provide the long-term benchmark against which modern trends are compared and an opportunity to understand the response of sea level to past climate variability. To address a spatial absence of late Holocene data in Florida and Georgia, we reconstructed similar to 1.3 m of RSL rise in northeastern Florida (USA) during the past similar to 2600 years using plant remains and foraminifera in a dated core of high salt-marsh sediment. The reconstruction was fused with tide-gauge data from nearby Fernandina Beach, which measured 1.91 +/- 0.26 mm/year of RSL rise since 1900 CE. The average rate of RSL rise prior to 1800 CE was 0.41 +/- 0.08 mm/year. Assuming negligible change in global mean sea level from meltwater input/removal and thermal expansion/contraction, this sea-level history approximates net land-level (subsidence and geoid) change, principally from glacio-isostatic adjustment Historic rates of rise commenced at 1850-1890 CE and it is virtually certain (P = 0.99) that the average rate of 20th century RSL rise in northeastern Florida was faster than during any of the preceding 26 centuries. The linearity of RSL rise in Florida is in contrast to the variability reconstructed at sites further north on the U.S. Atlantic coast and may suggest a role for ocean dynamic effects in explaining these more variable RSL reconstructions. Comparison of the difference between reconstructed rates of late Holocene RSL rise and historic trends measured by tide gauges indicates that 20th century sea-level trends along the U.S. Atlantic coast were not dominated by the characteristic spatial fingerprint of melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kemp, Andrew C.] Tufts Univ, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
[Bernhardt, Christopher E.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.; Kopp, Robert E.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Earth Sci, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Kopp, Robert E.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Kopp, Robert E.] Rutgers State Univ, Rutgers Energy Inst, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Vane, Christopher H.] British Geol Survey, Nottingham NG12 5GG, England.
[Peltier, W. Richard] Univ Toronto, Dept Phys, Toronto, ON M5S 1A7, Canada.
[Hawkes, Andrea D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Geol, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
[Donnelly, Jeffrey P.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Parnell, Andrew C.; Cahill, Niamh] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Math Sci, Dublin 4, Ireland.
RP Kemp, AC (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
EM andrew.kemp@tufts.edu
RI Peltier, William/A-1102-2008; Vane, Christopher/A-8814-2008; Parnell,
Andrew/C-7284-2014;
OI Vane, Christopher/0000-0002-8150-3640; Parnell,
Andrew/0000-0001-7956-7939; Kopp, Robert/0000-0003-4016-9428
FU NOAA [NA11OAR431010]; NSF [EAR-0952032, EAR-1052848, EAR-1419366,
ARC-1203415]; BGS climate and landscape research program; SimSci;
European regional development fund; USGS Climate and Land Use RD program
FX This work was supported by NOAA (NA11OAR431010), NSF (EAR-0952032,
EAR-1052848, EAR-1419366, and ARC-1203415), the BGS climate and
landscape research program, and SimSci under the program for research in
third-level institutions and co-funded under the European regional
development fund. Bernhardt is funded through the USGS Climate and Land
Use R&D program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Vane publishes with the permission of the Director of the
British Geological Survey. We thank R. Drummond for generating Earth-ice
model predictions. C. Smith (USGS) provided constructive comments. We
thank the two anonymous reviewers who provided constructive comments on
this manuscript. This is a contribution to IGCP 588 and PALSEA2.
NR 90
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 7
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 357
BP 90
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.07.010
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AW8XM
UT WOS:000346542700007
ER
PT J
AU Wang, XJ
Collett, TS
Lee, MW
Yang, SX
Guo, YQ
Wu, SG
AF Wang, Xiujuan
Collett, Timothy S.
Lee, Myung W.
Yang, Shengxiong
Guo, Yiqun
Wu, Shiguo
TI Geological controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate from core, downhole
log, and seismic data in the Shenhu area, South China Sea
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Gas hydrate; Coarse-grained; Thermogenic; Geologic controls; South China
Sea
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; PROJECT LEG II; BOTTOM SIMULATING REFLECTORS; PEARL
RIVER MOUTH; GREEN CANYON 955; DEEP-WATER; METHANE HYDRATE; NORTHERN
SLOPE; SEDIMENT WAVES; FLUID MIGRATION
AB Multi-channel seismic reflection data, well logs, and recovered sediment cores have been used in this study to characterize the geologic controls on the occurrence of gas hydrate in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea. The concept of the "gas hydrate petroleum system" has allowed for the systematic analysis of the impact of gas source, geologic controls on gas migration, and the role of the host sediment in the formation and stability of gas hydrates as encountered during the 2007 Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Gas Hydrate Expedition (GMGS-1) in the Shenhu area. Analysis of seismic and bathymetric data identified seventeen sub-linear, nearparallel submarine canyons in this area. These canyons, formed in the Miocene, migrated in a northeasterly direction, and resulted in the burial and abandonment of canyons partially filled by coarse-grained sediments. Downhole wireline log (DWL) data were acquired from eight drill sites and sediment coring was conducted at five of these sites, which revealed the presence of suitable reservoirs for the occurrence of concentrated gas hydrate accumulations. Gas hydrate-bearing sediment layers were identified from well log and core data at three sites mainly within silt and silt clay sediments. Gas hydrate was also discovered in a sand reservoir at one site as inferred from the analysis of the DWL data. Seismic anomalies attributed to the presence of gas below the base of gas hydrate stability zone, provided direct evidence for the migration of gas into the overlying gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary sections. Geochemical analyses of gas samples collected from cores confirmed that the occurrence of gas hydrate in the Shenhu area is controlled by the presence thermogenic methane gas that has migrated into the gas hydrate stability zone from a more deeply buried source. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wang, Xiujuan; Wu, Shiguo] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Collett, Timothy S.; Lee, Myung W.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Yang, Shengxiong; Guo, Yiqun] Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey, MLR, Guangzhou 510075, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
RP Wang, XJ (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
EM wangxiujuan@qdio.ac.cn
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41276053]; Chinese
National Basic Research Program [2009CB219505]; National 127 Project
[GZH201100305]
FX We thank the gas hydrate science team of the gas hydrate program
expedition Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey-1 (GMGS-1). We would like
to thank Fang Chen in Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey, who answered
many questions about mineral components of core samples. We thank the
Chinese Academy of Sciences and U.S. Geological Survey to carry out this
joint study. Sponsorship from the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (41276053), the Chinese National Basic Research Program
(2009CB219505) and the National 127 Project (GZH201100305). Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 92
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 22
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 357
BP 272
EP 292
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.09.040
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AW8XM
UT WOS:000346542700021
ER
PT J
AU Warrick, JA
AF Warrick, Jonathan A.
TI Reply on "Eel River margin source-to-sink sediment budgets: Revisited"
by JA Warrick [Marine Geology 351(2014) 25-37]
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID NORTH-COASTAL CALIFORNIA; DISCHARGE
C1 US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Warrick, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 357
BP 404
EP 405
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2014.09.044
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA AW8XM
UT WOS:000346542700031
ER
PT J
AU O'Donnell, JA
Aiken, GR
Walvoord, MA
Raymond, PA
Butler, KD
Dornblaser, MM
Heckman, K
AF O'Donnell, Jonathan A.
Aiken, George R.
Walvoord, Michelle A.
Raymond, Peter A.
Butler, Kenna D.
Dornblaser, Mark M.
Heckman, Katherine
TI Using dissolved organicmatter age and composition to detect permafrost
thaw in boreal watersheds of interior Alaska
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE permafrost; dissolved organic matter; radiocarbon; rivers; boreal;
carbon
ID BLACK SPRUCE ECOSYSTEM; DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; CARBON ACCUMULATION;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; MINERAL SOILS; YUKON RIVER; DOC EXPORT; MATTER;
CATCHMENT; NORTHERN
AB Recent warming at high latitudes has accelerated permafrost thaw, which can modify soil carbon dynamics and watershed hydrology. The flux and composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) from soils to rivers are sensitive to permafrost configuration and its impact on subsurface hydrology and groundwater discharge. Here, we evaluate the utility of DOM composition and age as a tool for detecting permafrost thaw in three rivers (Beaver, Birch, and Hess Creeks) within the discontinuous permafrost zone of interior Alaska. We observed strong temporal controls on C-14 content of hydrophobic acid isolates (C-14-HPOA) across all rivers, with the most enriched values occurring during spring snowmelt (758) and most depleted during winter flow (-218). Radiocarbon ages of winter flow samples ranged from 35 to 445yr BP, closely tracking estimated median base flow travel times for this region (335years). During spring snowmelt, young DOM was composed of highly aromatic, high molecular-weight compounds, whereas older DOM of winter flow had lower aromaticity and molecular weight. We observed a significant correlation between C-14-HPOA and UV absorbance coefficient at 254nm ((254)) across all study rivers. Using (254) as an optical indicator for C-14-HPOA, we also observed a long-term decline in (254) during maximum annual thaw depth over the last decade at the Hess Creek study site. These findings suggest a shift in watershed hydrology associated with increasing active layer thickness. Further development of DOM optical indicators may serve as a novel and inexpensive tool for detecting permafrost degradation in northern watersheds.
C1 [O'Donnell, Jonathan A.] Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Aiken, George R.; Butler, Kenna D.; Dornblaser, Mark M.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Walvoord, Michelle A.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Raymond, Peter A.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Heckman, Katherine] US Forest Serv, USDA, Livermore, CA USA.
[Heckman, Katherine] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA.
RP O'Donnell, JA (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
EM jaodonnell@nps.gov
RI Raymond, Peter/C-4087-2009
OI Raymond, Peter/0000-0002-8564-7860
FU National Research Program and Climate Effects Network of the Water,
Climate, and Land Use Change Mission Areas of the US Geological Survey
FX Funding for this project was provided by the National Research Program
and Climate Effects Network of the Water, Climate, and Land Use Change
Mission Areas of the US Geological Survey. The manuscript was greatly
improved thanks to comments by the Editor, Associate Editor, two
anonymous reviewers, and Brett Poulin. We would like to thank Karena
Schmidt (Michigan Tech) for graphitizing HPOA isolates and Jennifer
Eikenberry (Michigan Tech) for analyzing 13C content of HPOA
isolates. We also thank Heather Best (USGS Fairbanks) for helping with
field logistics and sample collection and Jennifer Barnes for assistance
in making Figure 8b. Interested users can contact the corresponding
author for access to data presented and analyzed here. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 88
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 60
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 11
BP 2155
EP 2170
DI 10.1002/2014JG002695
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AW3LS
UT WOS:000346188800007
ER
PT J
AU Banko, PC
Hess, SC
Scowcroft, PG
Farmer, C
Jacobi, JD
Stephens, RM
Camp, RJ
Leonard, DL
Brinck, KW
Juvik, JO
Juvik, SP
AF Banko, Paul C.
Hess, Steven C.
Scowcroft, Paul G.
Farmer, Chris
Jacobi, James D.
Stephens, Robert M.
Camp, Richard J.
Leonard, David L., Jr.
Brinck, Kevin W.
Juvik, J. O.
Juvik, S. P.
TI Evaluating the long-term management of introduced ungulates to protect
the palila, an endangered bird, and its critical habitat in subalpine
forest of Mauna Kea, Hawai'i
SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID FERAL HERBIVORES; ELEVATION; MAMANE; ECOSYSTEMS; RECOVERY; IMPACT;
LEPIDOPTERA; TORTRICIDAE; PARASITISM; EXCLUSION
AB Under the multiple-use paradigm, conflicts may arise when protection of an endangered species must compete with other management objectives. To resolve such a conflict in the Critical Habitat of the endangered Hawaiian honeycreeper, palila (Loxioides bailleui), federal courts ordered the eradication of introduced ungulates responsible for damaging the mamane (Sophora chrysophylla) forest on which palila depend. During 1980-2011, a total of 18,130 sheep (Ovis aries and O. gmelini musimon) and 310 goats (Capra hircus) were removed from Palila Critical Habitat (PCH) primarily by public hunters (54%) and secondarily by aerial shooting. Nevertheless, our analysis indicates that ungulates have increased over time. Palila numbers have declined sharply since 2003 due to long-term habitat degradation by ungulates and drought. Although culling ungulate populations has allowed some habitat improvement, their complete removal is necessary for palila to recover, especially given the potential for continued drought. Introduced predators are being controlled to reduce palila mortality, mamane and other native trees are being planted to restore some areas, and fencing is being constructed to prevent ungulate immigration. Funds are recently available for more effective eradication efforts, which are urgently needed to eliminate browsing damage in PCH and protect the palila from extinction.
C1 [Banko, Paul C.; Hess, Steven C.; Jacobi, James D.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Scowcroft, Paul G.] US Forest Serv, Inst Pacific Isl Forestry, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, USDA, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Farmer, Chris] Amer Bird Conservancy, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Farmer, Chris; Camp, Richard J.; Brinck, Kevin W.] Univ Hawaii Hilo, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Stephens, Robert M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Leonard, David L., Jr.] Hawaii Dept Land & Nat Resources, Div Forestry & Wildlife, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Leonard, David L., Jr.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[Leonard, David L., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Camp, Richard J.; Brinck, Kevin W.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geog, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
RP Banko, PC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, POB 44, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
EM pbanko@usgs.gov
OI Camp, Richard/0000-0001-7008-923X
FU Federal Highway Administration; U.S. Army Garrison Hawai'i; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX This research was made possible thanks to major funding from the Federal
Highway Administration, U.S. Army Garrison Hawai'i, and U.S. Geological
Survey wildlife research program. Additional support was provided by the
U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), American
Bird Conservatory, National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, Pacific
Cooperative Studies Unit, Hawai`i Division of Forestry and Wildlife,
Natural Resources Conservation Service, Arbor Day Foundation, American
Reinvestment and Recovery Act, and University of Hawai`i at Hilo. We
thank the Office of Mauna Kea Management for hosting the symposium in
which these results were presented and for supporting the publication of
this article. The USFWS and Hawai 1 Division of Forestry and Wildlife
provided permits and access to study sites. We are very grateful to the
hundreds of technicians, students, and volunteers who assisted with
field studies over the past 30 years. We thank Paul Berkowitz for his
assistance with Figure 1. We thank David Henlcin and Jay Nelson for
their comments and suggestions for improving the manuscript. We thank
Susan Culliney for help with interpreting and citing the legal
highlights (Appendix). The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 97
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 19
PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES
PI BOULDER
PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA
SN 1523-0430
EI 1938-4246
J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES
JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 4
SI SI
BP 871
EP 889
DI 10.1657/1938-4246-46.4.871
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AW3YR
UT WOS:000346219500016
ER
PT J
AU Jones, NM
Hoover, BA
Heppell, SA
Kuletz, KJ
AF Jones, Nathan M.
Hoover, Brian A.
Heppell, Scott A.
Kuletz, Kathy J.
TI A cross-shelf gradient in delta N-15 stable isotope values of krill and
pollock indicates seabird foraging patterns in the Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Isotopes; Shelf edge; Murre; Kittiwake; Rissa tridactyla; Uria lomvia;
Food web; Habitat partitioning
ID PRIBILOF ISLANDS; TROPHIC RELATIONSHIPS; LIPID EXTRACTION; SPATIAL
VARIATION; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; GROWTH-RATE; FOOD-WEB;
CARBON; NITROGEN
AB Concurrent measurements of predator and prey delta N-15 isotope values demonstrated that a cross-shelf isotopic gradient can propagate through a marine food web from forage species to top-tier predators and indicate foraging areas at a scale of tens of kilometers. We measured delta N-13 and delta N-15 in muscle tissues of thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) and black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), and in whole body tissues of walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus) and krill (Thysanoessa spp), sampled across the continental shelf break in the Bering Sea in 2008 and in 2009. We found significant basin-shelf differences at fine scales (< 100 km) in delta N-15 among murres but not kittiwakes, and no such differences in delta N-13 in either seabird species at that scale. We then quantified the multi-trophic signal and spatial structure of a basin-shelf delta(15)Nitrogen gradient in the central and southern Bering Sea, and used it to contrast foraging patterns of thick-billed murres and kittiwakes on the open ocean. Seabird muscle delta N-15 values were compared to baselines created from measurements in krill and pollock tissues sampled concurrently throughout the study area. Krill, pollock, and murre tissues from northern, shallow, shelf habitat (< 200 m) were enriched 1-2 parts per thousand in delta N-15 relative to samples taken from deeper habitats (>200 m) to the south and west. Krill delta N-15 baseline values predicted 35-42% of the variability in murre tissue values. Patterns between kittiwakes and prey were less coherent. The persistence of strong spatial autocorrelation among sample values, and a congruence of geospatial patterns in 615N among murre and prey tissues, suggest that murres forage repeatedly in specific areas. Murre isotope values showed distinct geospatial stratification, coincident with the spatial distribution of three colonies: St. Paul, St. George, and Bogoslof. This suggests some degree of foraging habitat partitioning among colonies. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jones, Nathan M.; Hoover, Brian A.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Vertebrate Ecol Lab, Moss Landing, CA 95616 USA.
[Heppell, Scott A.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Kuletz, Kathy J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratoty Birds Management Off, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Jones, NM (reprint author), Moss Landing Marine Labs, Vertebrate Ecol Lab, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95616 USA.
EM njones@mlml.calstate.edu
FU North Pacific Research Board (BSIERP/Patch Dynamics Study) [B67, B77]
FX This investigation made use of seabird tissues originally collected
during the Patch Dynamics Study, which was a component of the North
Pacific Research Board Bering Sea Integrated Ecosystems Research
Program. Birds were collected with a shotgun under the auspices of the
US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS/Migratory Bird collection permit
#MB08537-1) and Alaska Department of Fish and Game (Fish and Game
#08-134). Bird collection procedures were approved by the San Jose State
University Animal Care and Use committee (IACUC Harvey#926), and the US
Fish and Wildlife Service (IACUC #2008013). Prey species were collected
under Oregon State University Animal Care and Use Protocol #3659, with
Fish and Game collection permit #CF-09-094 from Alaska Department of
Fish and Game. The study was funded by the North Pacific Research Board
(BSIERP/Patch Dynamics Study Projects B67 and B77). This is BEST-BSIERP
publication number 133, and NPRB publication number 476. We thank the
captains and crew members of the F/V Frosti and F/V Gold Rush for their
expert seamanship, commitment to safety, enthusiasm for science, and
tireless efforts in support of the data collected at sea. We thank Luke
Whitman for his help in data collection and logistics. We thank Larry
Boyle (AK Fish and Game), David Irons (USFWS), and Dan Roby (OSU) for
consulting on seabird collections activity; Kathy Turco for her expert
prey I.D.; Michelle St. Peters (USFWS) for logistics support; Rick
Doucett (NAU), Tim Howe (UAF), and Norma Haubenstock (UAF) for
professional attention to detail and their truly exceptional generosity
with time and lab resources; Larry Young for IACUC consulting at SJSU;
Jim Harvey (MLML), and two anonymous reviewers for their generous time
to review initial drafts of this manuscript; Dan Roby at OSU, and Hannah
Nevins at California Fish and Game for providing seabird processing
facilities, and to the students and technicians at Moss Landing Marine
Labs and OSU for their time in processing collected seabirds.
NR 69
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 109
SI SI
BP 241
EP 250
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.04.008
PG 10
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AU7UZ
UT WOS:000345807900020
ER
PT J
AU Renner, HM
Drummond, BA
Benson, AM
Paredes, R
AF Renner, Heather M.
Drummond, Brie A.
Benson, Anna-Marie
Paredes, Rosana
TI Reproductive success of kittiwakes and murres in sequential stages of
the nesting period: Relationships with diet and oceanography
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Marine birds; Diets; Black-legged kittiwake; Thick-billed murre;
Reproductive success; Pribilof Islands; Bering Sea; Alaska; USA
ID LONG-LIVED SEABIRD; RISSA-TRIDACTYLA; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; PISCIVOROUS
SEABIRDS; BREEDING SUCCESS; OCEAN CLIMATE; FOOD AVAILABILITY; STRESS
HORMONES; PREY SELECTION; CLUTCH-SIZE
AB Reproductive success is one of the most easily-measured and widely studied demographic parameters of colonial nesting seabirds. Nevertheless, factors affecting the sequential stages (egg laying, incubation, chickrearing) of reproductive success are less understood. We investigated the separate sequential stages of reproductive success in piscivorous black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia) using a 36-year dataset (1975-2010) on the major Pribilof Islands (St. Paul and St. George), which have recently had contrasting population trajectories. Our objectives were to evaluate how the proportion of successful nests varied among stages, and to quantify factors influencing the probability of nest success at each stage in each island. We modeled the probability of nest success at each stage using General Linear Mixed Models incorporating broad-scale and local climate variables, and diet as covariates as well as other measures of reproduction such as timing of breeding and reproductive output in the previous year and previous stage. For both species we found: (1) Success in previous stages of the breeding cycle and success in the prior year better explained overall success than any environmental variables. Phenology was also an important predictor of laying success for kittiwakes. (2) Fledging success was lower when chick diets contained oceanic fish found farther from the colonies and small invertebrates, rather than coastal fish species. (3) Differences in reproductive variables at St. Paul and St. George islands did not correspond to population trends between the two islands. Our results highlight the potential importance of adult condition and annual survival to kittiwake and murre productivity and ultimately, populations. Adult condition carrying over from the previous year ultimately seems to drive annual breeding success in a cascade effect. Furthermore, condition and survival appear to be important contributors to population dynamics at each island. Therefore, adult condition and survival prior to breeding, and factors that influence these parameters such as foraging conditions in the non-breeding season, may be important datasets for understanding drivers of seabird demography at the Pribilof Islands. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Renner, Heather M.; Drummond, Brie A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Maritime Natl Wildlife Refuge, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Benson, Anna-Marie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Paredes, Rosana] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Renner, HM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Maritime Natl Wildlife Refuge, 95 Sterling Hwy,Suite I, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
EM heather_renner@fws.gov
FU North Pacific Research Board, BSIERP [B65]
FX We are grateful to the many researchers who contributed productivity and
diet data from the Pribilof Islands: M.S.W. Bradstreet, D.E. Dragoo,
G.L. Hunt, M. Ito, D. Lloyd, A.M. Springer, and the University of Alaska
Fairbanks. Countless field workers have worked through rain, wind, and
fog to collect these data. Our BSIERP collaborators, especially D.B.
Irons, N. Jones, A.S. Kitaysky, K. Kuletz, R. Orben, R. Paredes, and
D.D. Roby, have provided invaluable contributions, support, and advice
throughout this project. We thank J. Reynolds for substantial
statistical advice on this project, J. Warzybok for three years of data
collection and compilation, and J. Schmutz, M. Romano, M. Renner, and an
anonymous reviewer for reviews of earlier versions of this manuscript.
G.V. Byrd developed and tirelessly guided this project at every stage as
well. Field work in 2008-2010 were funded by the North Pacific Research
Board as part of BSIERP project B65. Data collected by the authors were
within the scope of a current IACUC permit. This is BEST-BSIERP Bering
Sea Project publication number 131 and NPRB publication number 474. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the United States Fish and
Wildlife Service.
NR 88
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 46
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 109
SI SI
BP 251
EP 265
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2014.03.006
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AU7UZ
UT WOS:000345807900021
ER
PT J
AU Hunt, GL
Renner, M
Kuletz, K
AF Hunt, George L., Jr.
Renner, Martin
Kuletz, Kathy
TI Seasonal variation in the cross-shelf distribution of seabirds in the
southeastern Bering Sea
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bering Sea; Hydrographic domains; Marine birds; Multivariate tree
analysis; Seabird assemblages; Bathymetry
ID PRIBILOF ISLANDS; INNER FRONT; CONVERGENT EVOLUTION; COUNTING SEABIRDS;
MARINE BIRDS; GREEN BELT; FUR SEALS; ABUNDANCE; EASTERN; VARIABILITY
AB We tested the hypothesis that the distribution of seabird species' associations across the southeastern Bering Sea shelf reflects the underlying ecology of four bathymetrically-defined hydrographic domains: the Inner or Coastal Shelf Domain (depth (Z) < 50 m), the Middle Shelf Domain (50 m < Z < 100 m), the Outer Shelf Domain (100 m evapotranspiration (ET)) and net water consumption (ET > P) of Nile Basin agro-ecosystems. Rainfall data from TRMM and the Famine Early Warning System Network (FEWS-NET) RainFall Estimates (RFE) products were used in conjunction with actual evapotranspiration from the Operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) and ETLook models. Water flows laterally between net water production and net water consumption areas as a result of runoff and withdrawals. This lateral flow between the 15 sub-basins of the Nile was estimated, and partitioned into stream flow and non-stream flow using the discharge data. A series of essential water metrics necessary for successful integrated water management are explained and computed. Net water withdrawal estimates (natural and humanly instigated) were assumed to be the difference between net rainfall (P-net) and actual evapotranspiration (ET) and some first estimates of withdrawals-without flow meters-are provided. Groundwater-dependent ecosystems withdraw large volumes of groundwater, which exceed water withdrawals for the irrigation sector. There is a strong need for the development of more open-access Earth Observation databases, especially for information related to actual ET. The fluxes, flows and storage changes presented form the basis for a global framework to describe monthly and annual water accounts in ungauged river basins.
C1 [Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.; Karimi, Poolad; Rebelo, Lisa-Maria; Muthuwatte, Lal; Smakhtin, Vladimir] IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
[Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.; Karimi, Poolad; Rebelo, Lisa-Maria; Muthuwatte, Lal; Smakhtin, Vladimir] IWMI, Viangchan, Laos.
[Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.; Karimi, Poolad] UNESCO IHE, NL-2611 AX Delft, Netherlands.
[Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.; Karimi, Poolad; Duan, Zheng] Delft Univ Technol, NL-2628 CN Delft, Netherlands.
[Senay, Gabriel] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Bastiaanssen, WGM (reprint author), IWMI, Colombo, Sri Lanka.
EM w.bastiaanssen@unesco-ihe.org; p.karimi@unesco-ihe.org;
l.rebelo@cgiar.org; Duanzheng2008@gmail.com; senay@usgs.gov;
l.mutuwatte@cgiar.org; v.smakhtin@cgiar.org
RI Karimi, Poolad/J-6475-2013
OI Karimi, Poolad/0000-0002-5819-0981
NR 89
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 16
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 11
BP 10306
EP 10334
DI 10.3390/rs61110306
PG 29
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AU3RG
UT WOS:000345530700003
ER
PT J
AU Singh, RK
Senay, GB
Velpuri, NM
Bohms, S
Verdin, JP
AF Singh, Ramesh K.
Senay, Gabriel B.
Velpuri, Naga M.
Bohms, Stefanie
Verdin, James P.
TI On the Downscaling of Actual Evapotranspiration Maps Based on
Combination of MODIS and Landsat-Based Actual Evapotranspiration
Estimates
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Colorado River Basin; downscaling; evapotranspiration; Landsat; LinZI
method; merging; MODIS; WaterSMART
ID MULTISPECTRAL IMAGE DATA; MULTISENSOR DATA FUSION; COLORADO RIVER-BASIN;
WAVELET DECOMPOSITION; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; WATER-RESOURCES;
CARBON-DIOXIDE; ENERGY FLUXES; REMOTE; MULTIRESOLUTION
AB Downscaling is one of the important ways of utilizing the combined benefits of the high temporal resolution of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images and fine spatial resolution of Landsat images. We have evaluated the output regression with intercept method and developed the Linear with Zero Intercept (LinZI) method for downscaling MODIS-based monthly actual evapotranspiration (AET) maps to the Landsat-scale monthly AET maps for the Colorado River Basin for 2010. We used the 8-day MODIS land surface temperature product (MOD11A2) and 328 cloud-free Landsat images for computing AET maps and downscaling. The regression with intercept method does have limitations in downscaling if the slope and intercept are computed over a large area. A good agreement was obtained between downscaled monthly AET using the LinZI method and the eddy covariance measurements from seven flux sites within the Colorado River Basin. The mean bias ranged from -16 mm (underestimation) to 22 mm (overestimation) per month, and the coefficient of determination varied from 0.52 to 0.88. Some discrepancies between measured and downscaled monthly AET at two flux sites were found to be due to the prevailing flux footprint. A reasonable comparison was also obtained between downscaled monthly AET using LinZI method and the gridded FLUXNET dataset. The downscaled monthly AET nicely captured the temporal variation in sampled land cover classes. The proposed LinZI method can be used at finer temporal resolution (such as 8 days) with further evaluation. The proposed downscaling method will be very useful in advancing the application of remotely sensed images in water resources planning and management.
C1 [Singh, Ramesh K.; Velpuri, Naga M.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ASRC Fed InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Senay, Gabriel B.; Verdin, James P.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Bohms, Stefanie] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Singh, RK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, ASRC Fed InuTeq, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM rsingh@usgs.gov; senay@usgs.gov; nvelpuri@usgs.gov; sbohms@usgs.gov;
verdin@usgs.gov
OI Singh, Ramesh/0000-0002-8164-3483
FU United States Geological Survey (USGS) [G13PC00028, G10PC00044]
FX This work was performed under the United States Geological Survey (USGS)
contract G13PC00028 and G10PC00044 in support of the WaterSMART program.
Authors are grateful to Lei Ji for the internal review of the manuscript
and to the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. We
gratefully acknowledge the use of Ameriflux data and flux data supplied
by Russell Scott, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of
Agriculture for our downscaling method validation. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 23
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 11
BP 10483
EP 10509
DI 10.3390/rs61110483
PG 27
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AU3RG
UT WOS:000345530700011
ER
PT J
AU Storey, J
Choate, M
Lee, K
AF Storey, James
Choate, Michael
Lee, Kenton
TI Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager On-Orbit Geometric Calibration and
Performance
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat 8; Operational Land Imager; geolocation; band registration
accuracy; geometric accuracy; Global Land Survey
AB The Landsat 8 spacecraft was launched on 11 February 2013 carrying the Operational Land Imager (OLI) payload for moderate resolution imaging in the visible, near infrared (NIR), and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectral bands. During the 90-day commissioning period following launch, several on-orbit geometric calibration activities were performed to refine the prelaunch calibration parameters. The results of these calibration activities were subsequently used to measure geometric performance characteristics in order to verify the OLI geometric requirements. Three types of geometric calibrations were performed including: (1) updating the OLI-to-spacecraft alignment knowledge; (2) refining the alignment of the sub-images from the multiple OLI sensor chips; and (3) refining the alignment of the OLI spectral bands. The aspects of geometric performance that were measured and verified included: (1) geolocation accuracy with terrain correction, but without ground control (L1Gt); (2) Level 1 product accuracy with terrain correction and ground control (L1T); (3) band-to-band registration accuracy; and (4) multi-temporal image-to-image registration accuracy. Using the results of the on-orbit calibration update, all aspects of geometric performance were shown to meet or exceed system requirements.
C1 [Storey, James; Choate, Michael] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Lee, Kenton] Ball Aerosp & Technol Corp, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP Storey, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM storey@usgs.gov; choate@usgs.gov; klee@ball.com
FU USGS [G10PC00044]
FX The work described in this paper was performed under USGS contract
#G10PC00044.
NR 9
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 12
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 11
BP 11127
EP 11152
DI 10.3390/rs61111127
PG 26
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AU3RG
UT WOS:000345530700040
ER
PT J
AU Storey, J
Choate, M
Moe, D
AF Storey, James
Choate, Michael
Moe, Donald
TI Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor Geometric Characterization and
Calibration
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat 8; Thermal Infrared Sensor; geometric calibration; band
registration accuracy
ID PERFORMANCE
AB The Landsat 8 spacecraft was launched on 11 February 2013 carrying two imaging payloads: the Operational Land Imager (OLI) and the Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS). The TIRS instrument employs a refractive telescope design that is opaque to visible wavelengths making prelaunch geometric characterization challenging. TIRS geometric calibration thus relied heavily on on-orbit measurements. Since the two Landsat 8 payloads are complementary and generate combined Level 1 data products, the TIRS geometric performance requirements emphasize the co-alignment of the OLI and TIRS instrument fields of view and the registration of the OLI reflective bands to the TIRS long-wave infrared emissive bands. The TIRS on-orbit calibration procedures include measuring the TIRS-to-OLI alignment, refining the alignment of the three TIRS sensor chips, and ensuring the alignment of the two TIRS spectral bands. The two key TIRS performance metrics are the OLI reflective to TIRS emissive band registration accuracy, and the registration accuracy between the TIRS thermal bands. The on-orbit calibration campaign conducted during the commissioning period provided an accurate TIRS geometric model that enabled TIRS Level 1 data to meet all geometric accuracy requirements. Seasonal variations in TIRS-to-OLI alignment have led to several small calibration parameter adjustments since commissioning.
C1 [Storey, James; Choate, Michael; Moe, Donald] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Storey, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr EROS, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM storey@usgs.gov; choate@usgs.gov; dpmoe@usgs.gov
FU USGS [G10PC00044]
FX The work described in this paper was performed under USGS contract
#G10PC00044. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 11
BP 11153
EP 11181
DI 10.3390/rs61111153
PG 29
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA AU3RG
UT WOS:000345530700041
ER
PT J
AU Lacher, LJ
Turner, DS
Gungle, B
Bushman, BM
Richter, HE
AF Lacher, Laurel J.
Turner, Dale S.
Gungle, Bruce
Bushman, Brooke M.
Richter, Holly E.
TI Application of Hydrologic Tools and Monitoring to Support Managed
Aquifer Recharge Decision Making in the Upper San Pedro River, Arizona,
USA
SO WATER
LA English
DT Article
DE baseflow; recharge; wet-dry mapping; San Pedro River; near-stream;
groundwater modeling; protect flows; enhance flows
ID FLOW
AB The San Pedro River originates in Sonora, Mexico, and flows north through Arizona, USA, to its confluence with the Gila River. The 92-km Upper San Pedro River is characterized by interrupted perennial flow, and serves as a vital wildlife corridor through this semiarid to arid region. Over the past century, groundwater pumping in this bi-national basin has depleted baseflows in the river. In 2007, the United States Geological Survey published the most recent groundwater model of the basin. This model served as the basis for predictive simulations, including maps of stream flow capture due to pumping and of stream flow restoration due to managed aquifer recharge. Simulation results show that ramping up near-stream recharge, as needed, to compensate for downward pumping-related stress on the water table, could sustain baseflows in the Upper San Pedro River at or above 2003 levels until the year 2100 with less than 4.7 million cubic meters per year (MCM/yr). Wet-dry mapping of the river over a period of 15 years developed a body of empirical evidence which, when combined with the simulation tools, provided powerful technical support to decision makers struggling to manage aquifer recharge to support baseflows in the river while also accommodating the economic needs of the basin.
C1 [Lacher, Laurel J.] Lacher Hydrol Consulting, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA.
[Turner, Dale S.; Bushman, Brooke M.; Richter, Holly E.] Nature Conservancy, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Gungle, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Lacher, LJ (reprint author), Lacher Hydrol Consulting, 821 S Meyer Ave, Tucson, AZ 85701 USA.
EM LLacher1@msn.com; dturner@tnc.org; bgungle@usgs.gov; bbushman@tnc.org;
hrichter@tnc.org
OI Gungle, Bruce/0000-0001-6406-1206
FU Walton Family Foundation
FX The authors would like to acknowledge the Walton Family Foundation for
its support in funding much of the science and policy development in the
Upper San Pedro Basin in recent years. They would also like to express
gratitude to the reviewers whose collective input substantially improved
this paper.
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4441
J9 WATER-SUI
JI Water
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 6
IS 11
BP 3495
EP 3527
DI 10.3390/w6113495
PG 33
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AU3QU
UT WOS:000345529500013
ER
PT J
AU McCaffery, RM
Reisor, R
Irvine, K
Brunson, J
AF McCaffery, Rebecca M.
Reisor, Rita
Irvine, Kathryn
Brunson, Jessi
TI DEMOGRAPHIC MONITORING AND POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS OF TWO RARE
BEARDTONGUES FROM THE UINTA BASIN
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; MARKED ANIMALS; MATRIX MODELS; PROGRAM MARK;
SURVIVAL; PLANTS; PENSTEMON; SCROPHULARIACEAE; DORMANCY; BIOLOGY
AB Energy development, in combination with other environmental stressors, poses a persistent threat to rare species endemic to energy-producing regions of the western United States. Demographic analyses of monitored populations can provide key information on the natural dynamics of threatened plant and animal populations and how these dynamics might be affected by present and future development. In the Uinta Basin in Utah and Colorado, Graham's beardtongue (Penstemon grahamii) and White River beardtongue (Penstemon scariosus var. albifluvis) are 2 rare endemic wildflowers that persist on oil shale habitats that are heavily impacted by current energy exploration and development and are slated for expanded traditional drilling and oil shale development. We described demographic characteristics and population viability for 2 populations of each species that have been monitored since 2004. First, we measured population size, survival rates, transitions between life stages, and recruitment by using individually marked plants at the 4 study areas. We then used matrix population models to determine stochastic population growth rates (lambda) and the probability that each population would persist 50 years into the future, given current conditions. The 2 P grahamii study plots had small populations, averaging 70 adult plants, and relatively constant and high survival in both vegetative and flowering plants. The 2 P. scariosus var. albifluvis study plots had populations that averaged 120 adult plants, with high and stable survival in flowering plants and variable survival in vegetative plants. Recruitment of new seedlings into all populations was low and variable, with most recruitment occurring in one or 2 years. Both P grahamii populations had lambda near 1.0 (stable). One P scariosus var. albifluvis population appeared to be declining (lambda = 0.97), whereas the other was increasing (lambda = 1.16). Our analyses reveal populations that appear relatively stable, but that are susceptible to declines now and into the future. Increases in environmental variability deterministic changes in habitat conditions or stressors, or a single catastrophic event could all have immediately deleterious impacts on the long-term growth trajectory of these populations.
C1 [McCaffery, Rebecca M.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Reisor, Rita] Red Butte Garden & Arboretum, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA.
[Irvine, Kathryn] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Brunson, Jessi] Bur Land Management, Vernal Field Off, Vernal, UT 84078 USA.
RP McCaffery, RM (reprint author), Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM amphibecs@gmail.com
OI McCaffery, Rebecca/0000-0002-0396-0387
FU U.S. Bureau of Land Management Utah State office; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; University of Utah
FX We thank J. Lewinsohn, V. Tepedino, and S. Torti for establishing the
project, R. Bolander for project support, and the many field assistants
and volunteers of the Red Butte Garden and Arboretum who collected data
throughout the study period. Thanks to M. Ellis and 2 anonymous
reviewers for comments on previous versions of this manuscript. Funding
for this project was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management Utah
State office, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the University of
Utah. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 31
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 74
IS 3
BP 257
EP 274
PG 18
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AU3EW
UT WOS:000345496300001
ER
PT J
AU Zeigenfuss, LC
Schoenecker, KA
Ransom, JI
Ignizio, DA
Mask, T
AF Zeigenfuss, Linda C.
Schoenecker, Kathryn A.
Ransom, Jason I.
Ignizio, Drew A.
Mask, Tracy
TI INFLUENCE OF NONNATIVE AND NATIVE UNGULATE BIOMASS AND SEASONAL
PRECIPITATION ON VEGETATION PRODUCTION IN A GREAT BASIN ECOSYSTEM
SO WESTERN NORTH AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID FERAL HORSES; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; PLANT; HERBIVORY;
RESPONSES; COMMUNITIES; RECOVERY; RANGE; DISTURBANCE
AB The negative effects of equid grazers in semiarid ecosystems of the American West have been considered disproportionate to the influence of native ungulates in these systems because of equids' large body size, hoof shape, and short history on the landscape relative to native ungulates. Tools that can analyze the degree of influence of various ungulate herbivores in an ecosystem and separate effects of ungulates from effects of other variables (climate, anthropomorphic disturbances) can be useful to managers in determining the location of nonnative herbivore impacts and assessing the effect of management actions targeted at different ungulate populations. We used remotely sensed data to determine the influence of native and nonnative ungulates and climate on vegetation productivity at wildlife refuges in Oregon and Nevada. Our findings indicate that ungulate biomass density, particularly equid biomass density, and precipitation in winter and spring had the greatest influence on normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values. Our results concur with those of other researchers, who found that drought exacerbated the impacts of ungulate herbivores in arid systems.
C1 [Zeigenfuss, Linda C.; Schoenecker, Kathryn A.; Mask, Tracy] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Schoenecker, Kathryn A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Ransom, Jason I.] Natl Pk Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Ransom, Jason I.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Ignizio, Drew A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Cherokee Serv Grp, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Zeigenfuss, LC (reprint author), 142 Salmon Lane, Carson, WA 98610 USA.
EM linda_zeigenfuss@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Science
FX We gratefully acknowledge the assistance of Gail Collins, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, Sheldon-Hart Refuge Complex, in providing animal
census data for both refuges and for answering numerous questions on
grazing history and animal movements at both refuges. Sarah King,
Natural Resources Ecology Lab at Colorado State University, provided
helpful review comments. Brian Cade, U.S. Geological Survey, provided
guidance on statistical matters. Funding for this work was provided
through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Science Support Partnership.
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 26
PU BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIV
PI PROVO
PA 290 LIFE SCIENCE MUSEUM, PROVO, UT 84602 USA
SN 1527-0904
EI 1944-8341
J9 WEST N AM NATURALIST
JI West. North Am. Naturalist
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 74
IS 3
BP 286
EP 298
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AU3EW
UT WOS:000345496300003
ER
PT J
AU McIntosh, JC
Grasby, SE
Hamilton, SM
Osborn, SG
AF McIntosh, Jennifer C.
Grasby, Stephen E.
Hamilton, Stewart M.
Osborn, Stephen G.
TI Origin, distribution and hydrogeochemical controls on methane
occurrences in shallow aquifers, southwestern Ontario, Canada
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID POWDER RIVER-BASIN; MICHIGAN BASIN; FORMATION WATERS; MICROBIAL GAS;
UNITED-STATES; GEOCHEMISTRY; METHANOGENESIS; PENNSYLVANIA; PLEISTOCENE;
GROUNDWATER
AB Natural gas reservoirs in organic-rich shales in the Appalachian and Michigan basins in the United States are currently being produced via hydraulic fracturing. Stratigraphically-equivalent shales occur in the Canadian portion of the basins in southwestern Ontario with anecdotal evidence of gas shows, yet there has been no commercial shale gas production to date. To provide baseline data in the case of future environmental issues related to hydraulic fracturing and shale gas production, such as leakage of natural gas, saline water, and/or hydraulic fracturing fluids, and to evaluate hydrogeochemical controls on natural gas accumulations in shallow groundwater in general, this study investigates the origin and distribution of natural gas and brine in shallow aquifers across southwestern Ontario. An extensive geochemical database of major ion and trace metal chemistry and methane concentrations of 1010 groundwater samples from shallow, domestic wells in bedrock and overburden aquifers throughout southwestern Ontario was utilized. In addition, select wells (n = 36) were resampled for detailed dissolved gas composition, delta C-13 of CH4, C-2, C-3, and CO2, and delta D of CH4. Dissolved gases in groundwater from bedrock and overburden wells were composed primarily of CH4 (29.7-98.6 mol% of total gas volume), N-2 (0.8-66.2 mol%), Ar + O-2 (0.2-3.4 mol%), and CO2 (0-1.2 mol%). Ethane was detected, but only in low concentrations (<0.041 mol%), and no other higher chain hydrocarbons were present, except for one well in overburden overlying the Dundee Formation, which contained 0.81 mol% ethane and 0.21 mol% propane. The highest methane concentrations (30 to > 100 in situ % saturation) were found in bedrock wells completed in the Upper Devonian Kettle Point Formation, Middle Devonian Hamilton Group and Dundee Formation, and in surficial aquifers overlying these organic-rich shale-bearing formations, indicating that bedrock geology is the primary control on methane occurrences. A few (n = 40) samples showed Na-Cl-Br evidence of brine mixing with dilute groundwater, however only one of these samples contained high (>60 in situ % saturation) CH4. The relatively low delta C-13 values of CH4 (-89.9% to -57.3%), covariance of delta D values of CH4 and H2O, positive correlation between delta C-13 values of CH4 and CO2, and lack of higher chain hydrocarbons (C3+) in all but one dissolved gas sample indicates that the methane in groundwater throughout the study area is primarily microbial in origin. The presence or absence of alternative electron acceptors (e. g. dissolved oxygen, Fe, NO3, SO4), in addition to organic substrates, controls the occurrence of microbial CH4 in shallow aquifers. Microbial methane has likely been accumulating in the study area, since at least the Late Pleistocene to the present, as indicated by the co-variance and range of delta D values of CH4 (-314% to -263%) and associated groundwater (-19% to -6% delta D-H2O). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [McIntosh, Jennifer C.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[McIntosh, Jennifer C.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Grasby, Stephen E.] Geol Survey Canada, Calgary, AB T2L 2A7, Canada.
[Hamilton, Stewart M.] Ontario Geol Survey, Sudbury, ON P3E 2G9, Canada.
[Osborn, Stephen G.] Calif State Polytech Univ Pomona, Pomona, CA 91768 USA.
RP McIntosh, JC (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM mcintosh@hwr.arizona.edu
OI Grasby, Stephen/0000-0002-3910-4443
FU Ontario Geological Survey; Geological Survey of Canada; United States
Geological Survey; New York State Energy Research Development Authority;
NSF [EAR-0635685, EAR-1322805]; American Chemical Society Petroleum
Research Fund [45284-G2]
FX Funding was provided by the Ontario Geological Survey, Geological Survey
of Canada, United States Geological Survey, New York State Energy
Research Development Authority, NSF (EAR-0635685, EAR-1322805) and the
American Chemical Society Petroleum Research Fund (#45284-G2). The
Ontario Geological Survey carried out all fieldwork. Comments by Tom
Darrah, Avner Vengosh, Christine Rivard, and an anonymous reviewer
greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 83
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 6
U2 42
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 50
BP 37
EP 52
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.08.001
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AT4YH
UT WOS:000344948100005
ER
PT J
AU Gray, JE
Hines, ME
Goldstein, HL
Reynolds, RL
AF Gray, John E.
Hines, Mark E.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Reynolds, Richard L.
TI Mercury deposition and methylmercury formation in Narraguinnep
Reservoir, southwestern Colorado, USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC FLUORESCENCE DETECTION; FRESH-WATER SEDIMENTS; METHYL MERCURY;
ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; REDUCING BACTERIA;
UNITED-STATES; GRADO LAGOON; MINE; FLUXES
AB Narraguinnep Reservoir in southwestern Colorado is one of several water bodies in Colorado with a mercury (Hg) advisory as Hg in fish tissue exceed the 0.3 mu g/g guideline to protect human health recommended by the State of Colorado. Concentrations of Hg and methyl-Hg were measured in reservoir bottom sediment and pore water extracted from this sediment. Rates of Hg methylation and methyl-Hg demethylation were also measured in reservoir bottom sediment. The objective of this study was to evaluate potential sources of Hg in the region and evaluate the potential of reservoir sediment to generate methyl-Hg, a human neurotoxin and the dominant form of Hg in fish. Concentrations of Hg (ranged from 1.1 to 5.8 ng/L, n = 15) and methyl-Hg (ranged from 0.05 to 0.14 ng/L, n = 15) in pore water generally were highest at the sediment/water interface, and overall, Hg correlated with methyl-Hg in pore water (R-2 = 0.60, p = 0007, n = 15). Net Hg methylation flux in the top 3 cm of reservoir bottom sediment varied from 0.08 to 0.56 ng/m(2)/day (mean = 0.28 ng/m(2)/day, n = 5), which corresponded to an overall methyl-Hg production for the entire reservoir of 0.53 g/year. No significant point sources of Hg contamination are known to this reservoir or its supply waters, although several coal-fired power plants in the region emit Hg-bearing particulates. Narraguinnep Reservoir is located about 80 km downwind from two of the largest power plants, which together emit about 950 kg-Hg/year. Magnetic minerals separated from reservoir sediment contained spherical magnetite-bearing particles characteristic of coal-fired electric power plant fly ash. The presence of fly-ash magnetite in post-1970 sediment from Narraguinnep Reservoir indicates that the likely source of Hg to the catchment basin for this reservoir has been from airborne emissions from power plants, most of which began operation in the late-1960s and early 1970s in this region. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creative-commons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
C1 [Gray, John E.; Goldstein, Harland L.; Reynolds, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hines, Mark E.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.
RP Gray, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jgray@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey (Mineral Resources Program); University of
Massachusetts Lowell
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (Mineral Resources
Program) and the University of Massachusetts Lowell. We thank Jiang Xiao
for magnetic mineral separations. Greg Lee (USGS) provided assistance
with graphics. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 70
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 26
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 50
BP 82
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2014.09.001
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AT4YH
UT WOS:000344948100009
ER
PT J
AU Zenzal, TJ
Diehl, RH
Moore, FR
AF Zenzal, Theodore J., Jr.
Diehl, Robert H.
Moore, Frank R.
TI The impact of radio-tags on Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus
colubris)
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Archilochus colubris; behavior; flight simulations; migration;
radio-tagging; radiotelemetry; radio transmitters; Ruby-throated
Hummingbirds
ID NORTHERN BOBWHITES; SMALL PASSERINES; BODY-MASS; TRANSMITTERS; BEHAVIOR;
RADIOTELEMETRY; SURVIVAL; THRUSHES; RADIOTRANSMITTERS; MIGRATION
AB Radiotelemetry has advanced the field of wildlife biology, especially with the miniaturization of radio-tags. However, the major limitation when radio-tagging birds is the size of the animal to which a radio-tag can be attached. We tested how miniature radio-tags affected flight performance and behavior of Ruby-throated Hummingbirds (Archilochus colubris), possibly the smallest bird species that has been fitted with radio-tags. Using eyelash adhesive, we fitted hatch-year individuals (n = 20 males, n = 15 females) with faux radio-tags of 3 sizes that varied in mass and antenna length (220 mg, 12.7 cm; 240 mg, 12.7 cm; and 220 mg, 6.35 cm), then filmed the birds in a field aviary to quantify activity budgets. We also estimated flight range using flight simulation models. When the 3 radio-tag packages were pooled for analysis, the presence of a radio-tag significantly decreased both flight time (similar to 8%) and modeled flight range (similar to 23%) in comparison to control birds. However, a multiple-comparison analysis between the different packages revealed that there was a significant difference in flight time when the larger radio-tag package (240 mg) was attached, and no significant difference in flight time when the lighter radio-tag packages (220 mg) were attached. Our results are similar to those of other studies that analyzed the flight time or flight range of birds wearing radio-tags. Therefore, currently available lightweight radio-tags (<= 220 mg) may be a new option to aid in the study of hummingbird biology. Future study should focus on the additional drag created by the radio-tag and the effects of the lightest radio-tag packages on free-ranging birds. These studies would provide additional information to determine the feasibility of the use of radio-tags to study hummingbird biology.
C1 [Zenzal, Theodore J., Jr.; Moore, Frank R.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Diehl, Robert H.] US Geol Survey, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Zenzal, TJ (reprint author), Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
EM tjzenzal@gmail.com
FU Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Southern
Mississippi (USM); National Science Foundation (NSF) [IOS 844703]; NSF
GK-12 program "Molecules to Muscles'' through USM [0947944]; Migratory
Bird Research Group at USM
FX Research funding was provided by the Department of Biological Sciences
at the University of Southern Mississippi (USM) and by a grant from the
National Science Foundation (NSF) to F. R. M. (IOS 844703). T.J.Z. was
also supported by a fellowship from the NSF GK-12 program "Molecules to
Muscles'' (award no. 0947944 through USM). We would especially like to
thank the Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge and Fort Morgan Historic
Site for allowing us to work on their properties. We thank the 2010 Fort
Morgan Field crew for help with data collection, C. J. Pennycuick for
insightful conversations during the formulation of the manuscript, C.
Qualls and J. Schaefer for statistical advice, and J. Cochran for
conversations about designing radio-tags for hummingbirds and supplying
faux radio-tags. We thank the Migratory Bird Research Group at USM for
their support. Finally, we thank Z. Nemeth and anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments on the manuscript. This study was approved by the USM
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee and by the U.S. Geological
Survey Bird Banding Laboratory. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 32
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 4
BP 518
EP 526
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-13-142.1
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8XE
UT WOS:000345211600002
ER
PT J
AU Winchell, CS
Doherty, PF
AF Winchell, Clark S.
Doherty, Paul F., Jr.
TI Effects of habitat quality and wildfire on occupancy dynamics of Coastal
California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica)
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE California gnatcatcher; colonization; extinction; fire impacts; HCP;
biodiversity hotspot; umbrella species
ID SAGE SCRUB; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CONSERVATION; RAINFALL; COLONIZATION;
SUCCESS; BIRDS; MODEL; FIRE
AB Habitat Conservation Plans (HCPs) are a mechanism used for conserving land and often have an umbrella species associated with them. We conducted occupancy surveys for an umbrella species, the Coastal California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica), from 2004 to 2009 in San Diego County, California, focusing on preserve lands associated with HCPs. We investigated the effects of habitat quality classification, elevation, distance to coast, and heat load on gnatcatcher occupancy, extinction, and colonization probabilities. Our work focused on these factors throughout the range of this species in San Diego County where, through conservation agreements, a preserve system has been assembled addressing management considerations at a landscape scale. In addition, a large wildfire in 2003 burned 17,044 ha, roughly 1/3 of preserve lands, thus we were able to investigate the recolonization process associated with this event. We found that occupancy increased with habitat quality and over time, but decreased with elevation. Extinction probability was generally constant (similar to 0.13), but colonization varied greatly, with probabilities being greater in higher quality habitat and at lower elevations. Gnatcatchers were more likely to colonize burned areas adjacent to high and very high quality habitat, sites that should receive priority conservation actions, particularly at lower elevations. Our work suggests that umbrella species, like the California Gnatcatcher, may reflect not just habitat quality, but may also be useful indicators of recovery after an unexpected event such as fire. Although not perfect, the use of multiple umbrella species in HCPs may lead to effective conservation and management of biodiversity hotspots.
C1 [Winchell, Clark S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carlsbad Fish & Wildlife Off, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
[Doherty, Paul F., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Winchell, CS (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carlsbad Fish & Wildlife Off, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
EM clark_winchell@fws.gov
FU SANDAG [5000793]; TRANSNET
FX We thank the > 50 people who were involved with this project and who
gave unselfishly of their time and talents. We especially thank S. Wynn
(USFWS) and K. Greer (San Diego Association of Governments-SANDAG), who
provided unwavering support for this work to continue through the years
while maintaining a focus on the mission of conservation in southern
California. Additionally, M. Pavelka, W. Miller, and J. Groom (USFWS),
contributed greatly to discussions that helped us formulate project
design, and foster ideas and curiosity. We thank 2 anonymous reviewers
for their constructive comments and K. Huyvaert (Colorado State
University) for helpful editing. The majority of this work was funded
under SANDAG Agreement No. 5000793 with funds provided via TRANSNET. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 17
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 4
BP 538
EP 545
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-13-156.1
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8XE
UT WOS:000345211600004
ER
PT J
AU Rizzolo, DJ
Schmutz, JA
McCloskey, SE
Fondell, TF
AF Rizzolo, Daniel J.
Schmutz, Joel A.
McCloskey, Sarah E.
Fondell, Thomas F.
TI Factors influencing nest survival and productivity of Red-throated Loons
(Gavia stellata) in Alaska
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Red-throated Loon; Gavia stellata; Alaska; nest survival; productivity
ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; EASTERN BERING-SEA; TROPHIC INTERACTIONS;
PREDATOR REMOVAL; BODY CONDITION; NORTH PACIFIC; COMMON LOON; PREY;
SUCCESS; GEESE
AB Red-throated Loon (Gavia stellata) numbers in Alaska have fluctuated dramatically over the past 3 decades; however, the demographic processes contributing to these population dynamics are poorly understood. To examine spatial and temporal variation in productivity, we estimated breeding parameters at 5 sites in Alaska: at Cape Espenberg and the Copper River Delta we estimated nest survival, and at 3 sites within the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta we estimated nest survival and productivity. Nest survival varied broadly among sites and years; annual estimates (lower, upper 95% confidence interval) ranged from 0.09 (0.03, 0.29) at Cape Espenberg in 2001 to 0.93 (0.76, 0.99) at the Copper River Delta in 2002. Annual variation among sites was not concordant, suggesting that site-scale factors had a strong influence on nest survival. Models of nest survival indicated that visits to monitor nests had a negative effect on nest daily survival probability, which if not accounted for biased nest survival strongly downward. The sensitivity of breeding Red-throated Loons to nest monitoring suggests other sources of disturbance that cause incubating birds to flush from their nests may also reduce nest survival. Nest daily survival probability at the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta was negatively associated with an annual index of fox occurrence. Survival through the incubation and chick-rearing periods on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta ranged from 0.09 (0.001, 0.493) to 0.50 (0.04, 0.77). Daily survival probability during the chick-rearing period was lower for chicks that had a sibling in 2 of 3 years, consistent with the hypothesis that food availability was limited. Estimates of annual productivity on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta ranged from 0.17 to 1.0 chicks per pair. Productivity was not sufficient to maintain population stability in 2 of 3 years, indicating that nest depredation by foxes and poor foraging conditions during chick rearing can have important effects on productivity. Keywords: Red-throated Loon, Gavia stellata, Alaska, nest survival, productivity
C1 [Rizzolo, Daniel J.; Schmutz, Joel A.; McCloskey, Sarah E.; Fondell, Thomas F.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Rizzolo, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM drizzolo@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management
FX Funding for this project was provided by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Migratory Bird Management. We are grateful for logistic support from
Yukon Delta NWR and field assistance from T. Arensberg, J. Beagley, J.
Ball, E. Bohman, C. Eldermire, P. Fontaine, J. Kiesau, B. Lake, D.
Miller, C. Moran, D. Safine, M. Shepherd, E. Wald, M. Wege, M. Weiss;
and to. H. Wilson. R. Churchwell, B. Lake, J. Pearce, P. Smith, and an
anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments on previous versions of
this manuscript. A. Gall and J. Zamudio translated the Spanish abstract.
Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 82
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 26
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 4
BP 574
EP 587
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-14-25.1
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8XE
UT WOS:000345211600007
ER
PT J
AU Jodice, PGR
Thibault, JM
Collins, SA
Spinks, MD
Sanders, FJ
AF Jodice, Patrick G. R.
Thibault, Janet M.
Collins, Samantha A.
Spinks, Mark D.
Sanders, Felicia J.
TI Reproductive ecology of American Oystercatchers nesting on shell rakes
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE American Oystercatcher; Cape Romain; daily survival rate; flooding;
Haematopus palliatus; predation; reproductive success; South Carolina
ID DAILY SURVIVAL RATE; NORTH-CAROLINA; SOUTH-CAROLINA; SITE SELECTION;
SUCCESS; VIRGINIA; SEASON; USA; HABITATS; GEORGIA
AB Degradation of nesting habitat for coastal birds has led to the use of nontraditional nesting habitat. The American Oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) is listed as a "Species of High Concern'' by the U. S. Shorebird Conservation Plan and is declining in the southern portion of its U. S. breeding range, where similar to 50% of breeding oystercatchers nest on shell substrate instead of beachfront habitat. We measured daily survival rates during incubation and chick rearing in shell rake habitats over five breeding seasons in the Cape Romain region of South Carolina, USA. Of 354 nesting attempts monitored, 16.1% hatched at least one egg. During incubation, daily survival rate was 0.938, corresponding to 22.8% success to hatching (nest success). For broods, daily survival was 0.991, or 74.0% success from hatching to fledging. Productivity in the Cape Romain region is primarily being lost during the incubation phase, when nests are exposed to overwash and predation. Mobile chicks may, however, be able to avoid flood events or predators by relocating to higher or more protected portions of a shell rake. Based on comparative data for American Oystercatchers from elsewhere in their range, it does not appear that shell rakes in the Cape Romain region are inferior breeding habitat. Our data suggest that conservation actions targeting nest and chick loss from flooding and predation have the greatest opportunity to enhance reproductive success in this core breeding area, and that an assessment of the availability, structure, avian use, and protection status of shell rakes is warranted.
C1 [Jodice, Patrick G. R.] Clemson Univ, US Geol Survey, South Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
[Thibault, Janet M.; Collins, Samantha A.] Clemson Univ, Sch Agr Forest & Environm Sci, Clemson, SC USA.
[Spinks, Mark D.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Georgetown, SC USA.
[Sanders, Felicia J.] South Carolina Dept Nat Resources, McClellanville, SC USA.
RP Jodice, PGR (reprint author), Clemson Univ, US Geol Survey, South Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Clemson, SC 29634 USA.
EM pjodice@clemson.edu
FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (Savannah Santee PeeDee
Restoration Fund, Keystone Initiative); South Carolina State Wildlife
Grants Program; Cape Romain National Wildlife Refuge; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, U. S. Geological Survey South Carolina Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and Clemson University; South Carolina
Department of Natural Resources, Clemson University, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Ben Harris, Kate Goodenough, Christy Hand, Sarah Woodward,
Billy Shaw, Charles Wahl, Adam DiNuovo, Nicholas Wallover, J. Benjamin
Mongold, and Carolyn Wakefield for assistance with field logistics, data
collection, and administration. We also acknowledge the support of Cape
Romain National Wildlife Refuge; in particular, Sarah Dawsey, Matt
Connolly, and Donny Browning. This research was supported by grants from
The National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (Savannah Santee PeeDee
Restoration Fund, Keystone Initiative) and the South Carolina State
Wildlife Grants Program, as well as matching funds and support from the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, U. S. Geological Survey South Carolina
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and Clemson University. The
manuscript benefited from comments by Conor McGowan and anonymous
reviewers. Permits for various phases of this research were provided by
the Clemson University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee
(protocols 2006-037 and 2010-028). The South Carolina Cooperative Fish
and Wildlife Research Unit is supported by the South Carolina Department
of Natural Resources, Clemson University, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 39
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 19
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 4
BP 588
EP 598
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-14-35.1
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8XE
UT WOS:000345211600008
ER
PT J
AU Matsuoka, SM
Mahon, CL
Handel, CM
Solymos, P
Bayne, EM
Fontaine, PC
Ralph, CJ
AF Matsuoka, Steven M.
Mahon, C. Lisa
Handel, Colleen M.
Solymos, Peter
Bayne, Erin M.
Fontaine, Patricia C.
Ralph, C. John
TI Reviving common standards in point-count surveys for broad inference
across studies
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE avian point count; breeding bird abundance; detection probability;
landbirds; landscape-scale; meta-analysis; monitoring; survey techniques
ID ESTIMATING DETECTION PROBABILITIES; MEASUREMENT ERROR; FIELD-EVALUATION;
POPULATION-SIZE; BIRD SURVEYS; DISTANCE; ABUNDANCE; DENSITY; INDEXES;
HETEROGENEITY
AB We revisit the common standards recommended by Ralph et al. (1993, 1995a) for conducting point-count surveys to assess the relative abundance of landbirds breeding in North America. The standards originated from discussions among ornithologists in 1991 and were developed so that point-count survey data could be broadly compared and jointly analyzed by national data centers with the goals of monitoring populations and managing habitat. Twenty years later, we revisit these standards because (1) they have not been universally followed and (2) new methods allow estimation of absolute abundance from point counts, but these methods generally require data beyond the original standards to account for imperfect detection. Lack of standardization and the complications it introduces for analysis become apparent from aggregated data. For example, only 3% of 196,000 point counts conducted during the period 1992-2011 across Alaska and Canada followed the standards recommended for the count period and count radius. Ten-minute, unlimited-count-radius surveys increased the number of birds detected by >300% over 3-minute, 50-m-radius surveys. This effect size, which could be eliminated by standardized sampling, was >= 10 times the published effect sizes of observers, time of day, and date of the surveys. We suggest that the recommendations by Ralph et al. (1995a) continue to form the common standards when conducting point counts. This protocol is inexpensive and easy to follow but still allows the surveys to be adjusted for detection probabilities. Investigators might optionally collect additional information so that they can analyze their data with more flexible forms of removal and time-of-detection models, distance sampling, multiple-observer methods, repeated counts, or combinations of these methods. Maintaining the common standards as a base protocol, even as these study-specific modifications are added, will maximize the value of point-count data, allowing compilation and analysis by regional and national data centers.
C1 [Matsuoka, Steven M.; Fontaine, Patricia C.] Univ Alberta, Boreal Avian Modelling Project, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Mahon, C. Lisa] Environm Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Handel, Colleen M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Solymos, Peter; Bayne, Erin M.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Ralph, C. John] USDA Forest Serv, Redwood Sci Lab, Arcata, CA USA.
RP Matsuoka, SM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM steve_matsuoka@fws.gov
RI Solymos, Peter/B-2775-2008;
OI Solymos, Peter/0000-0001-7337-1740; Handel, Colleen/0000-0002-0267-7408
NR 67
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 5
U2 46
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 4
BP 599
EP 608
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-14-108.1
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8XE
UT WOS:000345211600009
ER
PT J
AU VanderWerf, EA
Crampton, LH
Diegmann, JS
Atkinson, CT
Leonard, DL
AF VanderWerf, Eric A.
Crampton, Lisa H.
Diegmann, Julia S.
Atkinson, Carter T.
Leonard, David L.
TI Survival estimates of wild and captive-bred released Puaiohi, an
endangered Hawaiian thrush
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE avian malaria; captive breeding; endangered species; mark-recapture;
Myadestes palmeri; population biology; rat predation; reintroduction
ID PARTRIDGES PERDIX-PERDIX; MYADESTES-PALMERI; MARKED ANIMALS; AVIAN
MALARIA; POPULATION; BIRDS; DISPERSAL; ELEPAIO; ISLAND; RANGE
AB Estimating and monitoring adult and juvenile survival are vital to understanding population status, informing recovery planning for endangered species, and quantifying the success of management. We used mark-recapture models to estimate apparent annual survival of the Puaiohi (Myadestes palmeri), an endangered thrush endemic to the Hawaiian island of Kauai, from 2005 to 2011. Our sample included 87 wild birds and 123 captive-bred birds that were released at various ages. Survival was higher for wild adult males (0.71 +/- 0.09) than for wild adult females (0.46 +/- 0.12). Survival of wild juveniles (0.23 +/- 0.06) was lower than that of wild adults of both sexes, indicating that recruitment may limit population growth. Captive-bred birds released when,1 yr old had survival (0.26 +/- 0.21) comparable with that of wild juveniles, but captive-bred birds released at 1-3 yr old had very low survival (0.05 +/- 0.06). Only 8 of 123 (7%) captive birds were seen again after release. Two wild birds resighted five years after marking are the oldest known individuals, being at least six years of age. Malarial infection did not affect survival of wild Puaiohi, unlike many Hawaiian forest birds. The difference between adult male and adult female survival is consistent with rat (Rattus spp.) predation of females on the nest as a major source of mortality. As such, attempting to reduce nest predation by controlling rats may be the best available management option. Releasing captive-bred birds has had little effect on the wild population in recent years.
C1 [VanderWerf, Eric A.] Pacific Rim Conservat, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Crampton, Lisa H.; Diegmann, Julia S.] Hawaii Div Forestry & Wildlife, Kauai Forest Bird Recovery Project, Hanapepe, HI USA.
[Crampton, Lisa H.; Diegmann, Julia S.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hanapepe, HI USA.
[Atkinson, Carter T.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
[Leonard, David L.] Hawaii Div Forestry & Wildlife, Honolulu, HI USA.
RP VanderWerf, EA (reprint author), Pacific Rim Conservat, Honolulu, HI USA.
EM eric@pacificrimconservation.com
FU Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific Islands Fish and
Wildlife Office; U.S. Geological Survey Wildlife and Terrestrial
Resources Program
FX This study was conducted by the Kauai Forest Bird Recovery Project
(KFBRP), a cooperative project of the Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit
of the University of Hawaii and the State of Hawaii Department of Land
and Natural Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife. Funding for
this project was provided by the Hawaii Division of Forestry and
Wildlife and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Access to the Na Pali
Forest Reserve and the Alakai Wilderness Preserve was permitted by the
Hawaii Division of Forestry and Wildlife. Permits to conduct the work
with Puaiohi were provided by the Hawaii Division of Forestry and
Wildlife and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Funding to test Puaiohi
for malaria was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Pacific
Islands Fish and Wildlife Office and the U.S. Geological Survey Wildlife
and Terrestrial Resources Program. The San Diego Zoo Institute for
Conservation Research raised the captive birds and oversaw the first few
weeks of each release. We thank the staff members and field technicians
of KFBRP for their efforts to collect data for this project, especially,
but not limited to, Pauline Roberts, Tom Savre, Gant Charping, Lucas
Behnke, Jeremy Russell, Jared Hobbs, Lauren Solomon, and Barbara Heindl.
Ruth Utzurrum from the Hawaii Cooperative Studies Unit, University of
Hawaii at Hilo, provided assistance with laboratory diagnostics. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The
manuscript was improved by comments from Paul Banko, Linnea Hall, Eben
Paxton, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 12
U2 43
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 116
IS 4
BP 609
EP 618
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-14-18.1
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8XE
UT WOS:000345211600010
ER
PT J
AU Cassidy, M
Wait, SFL
Palmer, MR
Trofimovs, J
Symons, W
Maclachlan, SE
Stinton, AJ
AF Cassidy, Michael
Wait, Sebastian F. L.
Palmer, Martin R.
Trofimovs, Jessica
Symons, William
Maclachlan, Suzanne E.
Stinton, Adam J.
TI Construction of volcanic records from marine sediment cores: A review
and case study (Montserrat, West Indies)
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Tephrostratigraphy; Tephrochronology; Eruption history; Cryptotephras;
Tephra fallout; Reworked volcaniclastic
ID SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; LAST GLACIAL PERIOD; DEGASSING-INDUCED
CRYSTALLIZATION; GRANDE-DI-MONTICCHIO; LESSER-ANTILLES; NEW-ZEALAND;
DISTAL TEPHRA; LAVA DOME; PYROCLASTIC FLOWS; NORTH-ATLANTIC
AB Detailed knowledge of the past history of an active volcano is crucial for the prediction of the timing, frequency and style of future eruptions, and for the identification of potentially at-risk areas. Subaerial volcanic stratigraphies are often incomplete, due to a lack of exposure, or burial and erosion from subsequent eruptions. However, many volcanic eruptions produce widely-dispersed explosive products that are frequently deposited as tephra layers in the sea. Cores of marine sediment therefore have the potential to provide more complete volcanic stratigraphies, at least for explosive eruptions. Nevertheless, problems such as bioturbation and dispersal by currents affect the preservation and subsequent detection of marine tephra deposits. Consequently, cryptotephras, in which tephra grains are not sufficiently concentrated to form layers that are visible to the naked eye, may be the only record of many explosive eruptions. Additionally, thin, reworked deposits of volcanic clasts transported by floods and landslides, or during pyrodastic density currents may be incorrectly interpreted as tephra fallout layers, leading to the construction of inaccurate records of volcanism. This work uses samples from the volcanic island of Montserrat as a case study to test different techniques for generating volcanic eruption records from marine sediment cores, with a particular relevance to cores sampled in relatively proximal settings (i.e. tens of kilometres from the volcanic source) where volcaniclastic material may form a pervasive component of the sedimentary sequence. Visible volcaniclastic deposits identified by sedimentological logging were used to test the effectiveness of potential alternative volcaniclastic-deposit detection techniques, including point counting of grain types (component analysis), glass or mineral chemistry, colour spectrophotometry, grain size measurements, XRF core scanning, magnetic susceptibility and X-radiography. This study demonstrates that a set of time-efficient, non-destructive and high-spatial-resolution analyses (e.g. XRF core-scanning and magnetic susceptibility) can be used effectively to detect potential cryptotephra horizons in marine sediment cores. Once these horizons have been sampled, microscope image analysis of volcaniclastic grains can be used successfully to discriminate between tephra fallout deposits and other volcaniclastic deposits, by using specific criteria related to clast morphology and sorting. Standard practice should be employed when analysing marine sediment cores to accurately identify both visible tephra and cryptotephra deposits, and to distinguish fallout deposits from other volcaniclastic deposits. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cassidy, Michael; Wait, Sebastian F. L.; Palmer, Martin R.; Symons, William] Univ Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Wait, Sebastian F. L.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Trofimovs, Jessica] Queensland Univ Technol, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia.
[Maclachlan, Suzanne E.] Natl Oceanog Ctr, British Ocean Sediment Core Res Facil, Southampton, Hants, England.
[Stinton, Adam J.] Montserrat Volcano Observ, Flemmings, WI USA.
[Stinton, Adam J.] Univ W Indies, Seism Res Ctr, St Augustine, WI, Trinid & Tobago.
RP Cassidy, M (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Natl Oceanog Ctr Southampton, Waterfront Campus,European Way, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
EM m.cassidy@soton.ac.uk
OI Watt, Sebastian/0000-0001-9734-4210; Cassidy,
Michael/0000-0002-0658-2641
FU NERC studentship; NERC [NE/K000403/1]
FX Laboratory assistance was provided by Guy Rothwell and Belinder Aker.
This work was helped by discussions with Jon Davidson, John Stevenson,
Steve Roberts and Tom Gernon. Many thanks go to the crew and scientist
onboard the JC18 and Steve Sparks is thanked for use of the JCR123
sediment cores. This work was partly funded by a NERC studentship; M.C.
and S.W. thank NERC for financial support, via grant NE/K000403/1.
Steffen Kutterolf and an anonymous reviewer are thanked for their
constructive reviews, which helped improve this article.
NR 146
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 5
U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
EI 1872-6828
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 138
BP 137
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.08.008
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT6OL
UT WOS:000345058600007
ER
PT J
AU Bodi, MB
Martin, DA
Balfour, VN
Santin, C
Doerr, SH
Pereira, P
Cerda, A
Mataix-Solera, J
AF Bodi, Merche B.
Martin, Deborah A.
Balfour, Victoria N.
Santin, Cristina
Doerr, Stefan H.
Pereira, Paulo
Cerda, Artemi
Mataix-Solera, Jorge
TI Wildland fire ash: Production, composition and eco-hydro-geomorphic
effects (vol 130, pg 103, 2014)
SO EARTH-SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Bodi, Merche B.] Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, ECOBE Ecosyst Management Res Grp, Antwerp, Belgium.
[Bodi, Merche B.; Cerda, Artemi] Univ Valencia, Dept Geografia, SEDER Soil Eros & Degradat Res Grp, Valencia, Spain.
[Martin, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO USA.
[Balfour, Victoria N.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Santin, Cristina; Doerr, Stefan H.] Swansea Univ, Coll Sci, Dept Geog, Swansea, W Glam, Wales.
[Pereira, Paulo] Mykolas Romeris Univ, Ctr Environm Management, Vilnius, Lithuania.
[Mataix-Solera, Jorge] Univ Miguel Hernandez, Dept Agroquim & Medio Ambiente, GEA, Elche, Spain.
RP Bodi, MB (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Dept Biol, ECOBE Ecosyst Management Res Grp, Antwerp, Belgium.
EM bbmerche@gmail.com
RI Santin, Cristina/B-3148-2015; Cerda, Artemi/I-4670-2013; Pereira,
Paulo/O-1845-2016
OI Santin, Cristina/0000-0001-9901-2658; Cerda, Artemi/0000-0001-5326-4489;
Pereira, Paulo/0000-0003-0227-2010
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-8252
EI 1872-6828
J9 EARTH-SCI REV
JI Earth-Sci. Rev.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 138
BP 503
EP 503
DI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2014.07.005
PG 1
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT6OL
UT WOS:000345058600025
ER
PT J
AU Davis, AJ
Hooten, MB
Phillips, ML
Doherty, PF
AF Davis, Amy J.
Hooten, Mevin B.
Phillips, Michael L.
Doherty, Paul F., Jr.
TI An integrated modeling approach to estimating Gunnison sage-grouse
population dynamics: combining index and demographic data
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian; Centrocercus minimus; growth rate; integrated population
model; lek counts; Leslie transition matrix; population projection
ID GROWTH; INFORMATION; ABUNDANCE; WILDLIFE; RARE; MARK
AB Evaluation of population dynamics for rare and declining species is often limited to data that are sparse and/or of poor quality. Frequently, the best data available for rare bird species are based on large-scale, population count data. These data are commonly based on sampling methods that lack consistent sampling effort, do not account for detectability, and are complicated by observer bias. For some species, short-term studies of demographic rates have been conducted as well, but the data from such studies are typically analyzed separately. To utilize the strengths and minimize the weaknesses of these two data types, we developed a novel Bayesian integrated model that links population count data and population demographic data through population growth rate () for Gunnison sage-grouse (Centrocercus minimus). The long-term population index data available for Gunnison sage-grouse are annual (years 1953-2012) male lek counts. An intensive demographic study was also conducted from years 2005 to 2010. We were able to reduce the variability in expected population growth rates across time, while correcting for potential small sample size bias in the demographic data. We found the population of Gunnison sage-grouse to be variable and slightly declining over the past 16years.
C1 [Davis, Amy J.; Hooten, Mevin B.; Doherty, Paul F., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Phillips, Michael L.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Davis, AJ (reprint author), Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM Amy.J.Davis@aphis.usda.gov
FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife
FX We gratefully acknowledge Colorado Parks and Wildlife for funding this
project.
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 22
BP 4247
EP 4257
DI 10.1002/ece3.1290
PG 11
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AU0MD
UT WOS:000345316200005
PM 25540687
ER
PT J
AU Ackerman, JT
Herzog, MP
Takekawa, JY
Hartman, CA
AF Ackerman, Joshua T.
Herzog, Mark P.
Takekawa, John Y.
Hartman, C. Alex
TI Comparative reproductive biology of sympatric species: nest and chick
survival of American avocets and black-necked stilts
SO JOURNAL OF AVIAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; POPULATION-GROWTH; BREEDING
BIOLOGY; SPACE USE; SUCCESS; PREDATION; HABITAT; DUCKS; BIRDS
AB Identifying differences in reproductive success rates of closely related and sympatrically breeding species can be useful for understanding limitations to population growth. We simultaneously examined the reproductive ecology of American avocets Recurvirostra americana and black-necked stilts Himantopus mexicanus using 1274 monitored nests and 240 radio-marked chicks in San Francisco Bay, California. Although there were 1.8 times more avocet nests than stilt nests, stilts nonetheless fledged 3.3 times more chicks. Greater production by stilts than avocets was the result of greater chick survival from hatching to fledging (avocet: 6%; stilt: 40%), and not because of differences in clutch size (avocet: 3.84; stilt: 3.77), nest survival (avocet: 44%; stilt: 35%), or egg hatching success (avocet: 90%; stilt: 92%). We reviewed the literature and confirmed that nest survival and hatching success are generally similar when avocets and stilts breed sympatrically. In addition to species, chick survival was strongly influenced by age, site, and year. In particular, daily survival rates increased rapidly with chick age, with 70% of mortalities occurring 1 week after hatch. California gulls Larus californicus caused 55% of avocet, but only 15% of stilt, chick deaths. Differential use of micro-habitats likely reduced stilt chick's vulnerability to gull predation, particularly during the first week after hatch, because stilts nested in vegetation 2.7 times more often than avocets and vegetation height was 65% taller at stilt nests compared with avocet nests. Our results demonstrate that two co-occurring and closely related species with similar life history strategies can differ markedly in reproductive success, and simultaneous studies of such species can identify differences that limit productivity.
C1 [Ackerman, Joshua T.; Herzog, Mark P.; Hartman, C. Alex] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
RP Ackerman, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM jackerman@usgs.gov
OI Herzog, Mark/0000-0002-5203-2835
FU CALFED Bay-Delta Program's Ecosystem Restoration Program; USGS Western
Ecological Research Center
FX This study was funded by the CALFED Bay-Delta Program's Ecosystem
Restoration Program with additional support from the USGS Western
Ecological Research Center. Logistical support was provided by Don
Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, Eden Landing
Ecological Reserve, South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project, San
Francisco Bay Bird Observatory, Point Blue Conservation Science, and
many field technicians. J. Yee provided statistical advice, and M.
Ricca, and N. Warnock provided helpful comments on earlier drafts of the
manuscript. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0908-8857
EI 1600-048X
J9 J AVIAN BIOL
JI J. Avian Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 45
IS 6
BP 609
EP 623
DI 10.1111/jav.00385
PG 15
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT8UO
UT WOS:000345207500011
ER
PT J
AU Olea, RA
Coleman, JL
AF Olea, Ricardo A.
Coleman, James L., Jr.
TI Reply to: Turner, RE, 2014. Discussion of: Olea, RA and Coleman, JL,
Jr., 2014. A Synoptic Examination of Causes of Land Loss in Southern
Louisiana as Related to the Exploitation of Subsurface Geologic
Resources, Journal of Coastal Research, 30(5), 1025-1044; Journal of
Coastal Research, 30(6), 1330-1334.
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; WETLAND LOSS; RESTORATION; RATES
C1 [Olea, Ricardo A.; Coleman, James L., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Olea, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM rolea@usgs.gov
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 12
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
EI 1551-5036
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 6
BP 1335
EP 1337
DI 10.2112/JCOASTRES-D-14A-00004.1
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA AT3IH
UT WOS:000344828400023
ER
PT J
AU Sheibley, RW
Duff, JH
Tesoriero, AJ
AF Sheibley, Richard W.
Duff, John H.
Tesoriero, Anthony J.
TI Low Transient Storage and Uptake Efficiencies in Seven Agricultural
Streams: Implications for Nutrient Demand
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBSURFACE WATER EXCHANGE; HEADWATER STREAMS; DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; NITROGEN
REMOVAL; UNITED-STATES; NITRATE; TRANSPORT; GROUNDWATER; RETENTION;
DENITRIFICATION
AB We used mass load budgets transient storage modeing, and nutrient spiraling metrics to characterize nitrate (NO3-) ammonium (NH4+), and inorganic phosphorus (SRP) demand in seven agricultural streams across the United States and to identify in-stream services that may control these conditions. Retention of one or all nutrients was observed in all but one stream, but demand for all nutrients was low relative to the mass in transport. Transient storage metrics (A(s)/ A, F-med(200), T-str, and q(s)) correlated with NO3- retention but not NH4+ or SRP retention, suggesting in-stream services associated with transient storage and stream water residence time could influence reach-scale NO3- demand. However, because the fraction of median reach-scale travel time due to transient storage (F-med(200)) was <= 1.2% across the sites, only a relatively small demand for NO3- could be generated by transient storage. In contrast, net uptake of nutrients from the water column calculated from nutrient spiraling metrics were not significant at any site because uptake lengths calculated from background nutrient concentrations were statistically insignificant and therefore much longer than the study reaches. These results suggest that lowtransient storage coupled with high surface water NO3- inputs have resulted in uptake efficiencies that are not sufficient to offset groundwater inputs of N. Nutrient retention has been linked to physical and hydrogeologic elements that drive flow through transient storage areas where residence time and biotic contact are maximized; however, our findings indicate that similar mechanisms are unable to generate a significant nutrient demand in these streams relative to the loads.
C1 [Sheibley, Richard W.] US Geol Survey, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
[Duff, John H.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94019 USA.
[Tesoriero, Anthony J.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Sheibley, RW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 934 Broadway,Suite 300, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
EM sheibley@usgs.gov
OI Sheibley, Richard/0000-0003-1627-8536
FU USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program; National Research
Program
FX This is was funded by the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program
and National Research Program. The authors thank Erik Staub, Holly
Weyers, Paul Juckem, and Mark Munn for assistance with site and program
logistics and field work and Ken Bencala, Chip Small, and journal
reviewers for helpful comments on this manuscript. The use of brand
names in this paper is for identification purposes only and does not
constitute endorsement by tin, USGS.
NR 58
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 14
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 6
BP 1980
EP 1990
DI 10.2134/jeq.2014.01.0034
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DD
UT WOS:000345096000017
PM 25602215
ER
PT J
AU Rulison, EL
Lebrun, RA
Ginsberg, HS
AF Rulison, Eric L.
Lebrun, Roger A.
Ginsberg, Howard S.
TI Effect of Temperature on Feeding Period of Larval Blacklegged Ticks
(Acari: Ixodidae) on Eastern Fence Lizards
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ixodes scapularis; Sceloporus undulatus; attachment; temperature;
feeding period
ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; SCELOPORUS-UNDULATUS; HYALOMMA-AEGYPTIUM;
WIDESPREAD LIZARD; ENGORGEMENT; BEHAVIOR
AB Ambient temperature can influence tick development time, and can potentially affect tick interactions with pathogens and with vertebrate hosts. We studied the effect of ambient temperature on duration of attachment of larval blacklegged ticks, Ixodes scapularis Say, to eastern fence lizards, Sceloporus undulatus (Bosc & Daudin). Feeding periods of larvae that attached to lizards under preferred temperature conditions for the lizards (WARM treatment: temperatures averaged 36.6 degrees C at the top of the cage and 25.8 degrees C at the bottom, allowing behavioral thermoregulation) were shorter than for larvae on lizards held under cool conditions (COOL treatment temperatures averaged 28.4 degrees C at top of cage and 24.9 degrees C at the bottom). The lizards were infested with larvae four times at roughly monthly intervals. Larval numbers successfully engorging and dropping declined and feeding period was longer after the first infestation.
C1 [Rulison, Eric L.; Lebrun, Roger A.; Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Ginsberg, Howard S.] Univ Rhode Isl, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Ginsberg, HS (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Plant Sci & Entomol, Woodward Hall, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM hginsberg@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases [EF-0914476];
U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank T.J. Daniels, R. C. Falco, J.J. Kolbe, and three anonymous
reviewers for constructive comments on early drafts of the manuscript.
R. L. Burke and T. Duchak helped with lizard capture. T.N. Mather and M.
C. Dyer supplied ticks from their laboratory culture. Use of trade or
product names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This
project was funded by National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious
Diseases Award EF-0914476, with additional support from the U.S.
Geological Survey.
NR 20
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ANNAPOLIS
PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA
SN 0022-2585
EI 1938-2928
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 6
BP 1308
EP 1311
DI 10.1603/ME14068
PG 4
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AT7NF
UT WOS:000345123800029
PM 26309322
ER
PT J
AU Moore, DE
AF Moore, Diane E.
TI Comparative mineral chemistry and textures of SAFOD fault gouge and
damage-zone rocks
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE San Andreas Fault; SAFOD; Fault gouge; Shearing-enhanced reactions;
Saponite; Corrensite
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; DEPTH SAFOD; INTERGRANULAR DIFFUSION;
CHLORITE-SMECTITE; CREEPING SEGMENT; CLAY-MINERALS; CORE SAMPLES; DRILL
CORE; CALIFORNIA; PHYLLOSILICATES
AB Creep in the San Andreas Fault Observatory at Depth (SAFOD) drillhole is localized to two foliated gouges, the central deforming zone (CDZ) and southwest deforming zone (SDZ). The gouges consist of porphyroclasts of serpentinite and sedimentary rock dispersed in a foliated matrix of Mg-smectite clays that formed as a result of shearing-enhanced reactions between the serpentinite and quartzofeldspathic rocks. The CDZ takes up most of the creep and exhibits differences in mineralogy and texture from the SDZ that are attributable to its higher shearing rate. In addition, a similar to 0.2-m-wide sector of the CDZ at its northeastern margin (NE-CDZ) is identical to the SDZ and may represent a gradient in creep rate across the CDZ. The SDZ and NE-CDZ have lower clay contents and larger porphyroclasts than most of the CDZ, and they contain veinlets and strain fringes of calcite in the gouge matrix not seen elsewhere in the CDZ. Matrix clays in the SDZ and NE-CDZ are saponite and corrensite, whereas the rest of the CDZ lacks corrensite. Saponite is younger than corrensite, reflecting clay crystallization under declining temperatures, and clays in the more actively deforming portions of the CDZ have better equilibrated to the lower-temperature conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Moore, DE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS-977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dmoore@usgs.gov
NR 41
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 7
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8141
J9 J STRUCT GEOL
JI J. Struct. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 68
BP 82
EP 96
DI 10.1016/j.jsg.2014.09.002
PN A
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT8LI
UT WOS:000345184400007
ER
PT J
AU Boore, DM
AF Boore, David M.
TI What Do Data Used to Develop Ground-Motion Prediction Equations Tell Us
About Motions Near Faults?
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE GMPEs; ground-motion prediction equations; magnitude scaling; fault
zone; engineering seismology
ID M 6.0 PARKFIELD; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; COYOTE LAKE;
EARTHQUAKE; VELOCITY; RUPTURE; UPSAR; AMPLIFICATION; ACCELERATION
AB A large database of ground motions from shallow earthquakes occurring in active tectonic regions around the world, recently developed in the Pacific Earthquake Engineering Center's NGA-West2 project, has been used to investigate what such a database can say about the properties and processes of crustal fault zones. There are a relatively small number of near-rupture records, implying that few recordings in the database are within crustal fault zones, but the records that do exist emphasize the complexity of ground-motion amplitudes and polarization close to individual faults. On average over the whole data set, however, the scaling of ground motions with magnitude at a fixed distance, and the distance dependence of the ground motions, seem to be largely consistent with simple seismological models of source scaling, path propagation effects, and local site amplification. The data show that ground motions close to large faults, as measured by elastic response spectra, tend to saturate and become essentially constant for short periods. This saturation seems to be primarily a geometrical effect, due to the increasing size of the rupture surface with magnitude, and not due to a breakdown in self similarity.
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Boore, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM boore@usgs.gov
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 6
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 11
BP 3023
EP 3043
DI 10.1007/s00024-013-0748-9
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AT7WD
UT WOS:000345144300011
ER
PT J
AU Boneh, Y
Chang, JC
Lockner, DA
Reches, Z
AF Boneh, Y.
Chang, J. C.
Lockner, D. A.
Reches, Z.
TI Evolution of Wear and Friction Along Experimental Faults
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SLIDING FRICTION; MICROSCOPIC CHARACTERISTICS; EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE;
STRENGTH RECOVERY; GOUGE FORMATION; PARTICLE-SIZE; ROCK FRICTION;
HIGH-VELOCITY; SLIP RATES; STICK-SLIP
AB We investigate the evolution of wear and friction along experimental faults composed of solid rock blocks. This evolution is analyzed through shear experiments along five rock types, and the experiments were conducted in a rotary apparatus at slip velocities of 0.002-0.97 m/s, slip distances from a few millimeters to tens of meters, and normal stress of 0.25-6.9 MPa. The wear and friction measurements and fault surface observations revealed three evolution phases: A) An initial stage (slip distances < 50 mm) of wear by failure of isolated asperities associated with roughening of the fault surface; B) a running-in stage of slip distances of 1-3 m with intense wear-rate, failure of many asperities, and simultaneous reduction of the friction coefficient and wear-rate; and C) a steady-state stage that initiates when the fault surface is covered by a gouge layer, and during which both wear-rate and friction coefficient maintain quasi-constant, low levels. While these evolution stages are clearly recognizable for experimental faults made from bare rock blocks, our analysis suggests that natural faults "bypass" the first two stages and slip at gouge-controlled steady-state conditions.
C1 [Boneh, Y.; Chang, J. C.; Reches, Z.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Lockner, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Boneh, Y.] Washington Univ, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Boneh, Y (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, 100 E Boyd St, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM reches@ou.edu
FU NSF, Geosciences, Equipment and Facilities [0732715]; NSF, Geosciences,
Geophysics [1045414]; ConocoPhillips Foundation
FX We benefitted from help and advice of Andrew Madden and Xiaofeng Chen,
University of Oklahoma. We had fruitful discussions with Emily Brodsky,
UC Santa Cruz; Chris Scholz, Lamont-Doherty Institute; Amir Sagy, Israel
Geological Survey; Einat Aharonov and Shalev Siman-Tov, the Hebrew
University. Eric Ferre of Southern Illinois University kindly provided
the Karoo gabbro sample. The manuscript was greatly improved by the
constructive comments of Chris Scholz and an anonymous reviewer. The
study was supported by the NSF, Geosciences, Equipment and Facilities,
Grant No. 0732715, and partial support of NSF, Geosciences, Geophysics,
Grant No. 1045414, and ConocoPhillips Foundation grant.
NR 65
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 15
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 11
BP 3125
EP 3141
DI 10.1007/s00024-014-0801-3
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AT7WD
UT WOS:000345144300015
ER
PT J
AU Grantham, TE
Viers, JH
Moyle, PB
AF Grantham, Theodore E.
Viers, Joshua H.
Moyle, Peter B.
TI Systematic Screening of Dams for Environmental Flow Assessment and
Implementation
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE rivers; water management; environmental flows; fish conservation;
California
ID REGULATED CALIFORNIA STREAM; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; FISH
ASSEMBLAGES; MANAGEMENT; RIVER; REGIME; BIODIVERSITY; RESTORATION;
CHALLENGES
AB Environmental flow protections are crucial to the conservation of freshwater biodiversity in dam-regulated river systems. Nevertheless, the implementation of environmental flows has lagged far behind the pace of river ecosystem alteration. The vast number of dams now in operation and the substantial resources required to modify their operations suggest that a systematic approach is needed to identify rivers potentially benefiting from environmental flows. Here, we develop and apply a screening framework that is focused on the selection of dams that warrant environmental flows on the basis of evidence of hydrologic alteration and ecological impairment. Our approach is illustrated for California, where 181 (of an initial 1400+) dams are identified as high-priority candidates to improve environmental flows for native fish conservation. Given the rapid declines of freshwater biodiversity and pervasive alteration to rivers, this systematic screening approach should be useful for guiding the strategic implementation of erironmental flows.
C1 [Grantham, Theodore E.] US Geol Survey, Survey Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Viers, Joshua H.] Univ Calif, Sch Engn, Merced, CA USA.
[Moyle, Peter B.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Moyle, Peter B.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Grantham, TE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Survey Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tgrantham@usgs.gov
FU Natural Resources Defense Council, California Trout, Trout Unlimited; S.
D. Bechtel, Jr. Foundation; California Energy Commission Public Interest
Energy Research Program
FX This study benefited from conversations with Curtis Knight, Monty
Schmitt, Brian Johnson, and Rene Henery. The manuscript was also greatly
improved by comments from four anonymous reviewers. We thank Nick Santos
for GIS analysis and modeling support. Daren Carlisle and David Wolock
assisted with hydrologic modeling. Sydney Vickery helped with figure
development. This research was supported by funding from the Natural
Resources Defense Council, California Trout, Trout Unlimited, the S. D.
Bechtel, Jr. Foundation, and the California Energy Commission Public
Interest Energy Research Program.
NR 65
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 27
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3568
EI 1525-3244
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 64
IS 11
BP 1006
EP 1018
DI 10.1093/biosci/biu159
PG 13
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA AT1XU
UT WOS:000344725100008
ER
PT J
AU Chasar, A
Harrigan, RJ
Holbrook, KM
Dietsch, TV
Fuller, TL
Wikelski, M
Smith, TB
AF Chasar, Anthony
Harrigan, Ryan J.
Holbrook, Kimberly M.
Dietsch, Thomas V.
Fuller, Trevon L.
Wikelski, Martin
Smith, Thomas B.
TI Spatial and Temporal Patterns of Frugivorous Hornbill Movements in
Central Africa and their Implications for Rain Forest Conservation
SO BIOTROPICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Bycanistes albotibialis; Cameroon; Ceratogymna atrata; hornbills; rain
forest; satellite tracking; seed dispersal
ID SEED-DISPERSAL; CERATOGYMNA HORNBILLS; EVERGREEN FOREST; DJA-RESERVE;
HABITAT USE; CAMEROON; ANIMALS; SPACE; REGENERATION; POPULATIONS
AB Tropical forest conservation and restoration require an understanding of the movements and habitat preferences of important seed dispersers. With forests now being altered at an unprecedented rate, avian frugivores are becoming increasingly vital for forest regeneration. Seed movement, however, is highly dependent on the behavioral characteristics of their dispersers. Here, we examined the movements, habitat preferences, and range sizes of two African frugivores: the Black-casqued (Ceratogymna atrata) and the White-thighed (Bycanistes albotibialis) Hornbill, in the lowland rain forests of southern Cameroon. Using satellite transmitters, we tracked eight hornbills for 3yr to characterize their movements and relate them to environmental landscape features. Hornbill movements differed significantly, with B.albotibialis ranging over larger areas (mean=20,274ha) than C.atrata (mean=5604ha), and females of both species covering over 15 times the area of males. Evidence suggests that movements are irruptive during particular periods, perhaps driven by low resource availability. In addition, hornbills often returned to the same localities within a year, although movements were not characterized as migratory. Both species displayed significant differences in habitat preference, with B.albotibialis utilizing disturbed habitat more frequently than C.atrata (t=-22.04, P=2.2x10(-16)). Major roads were found to act as barriers for C.atrata, but not for B.albotibialis. The ability of both hornbill species to move large distances suggests hornbills will play a vital role in the maintenance and regeneration of rain forests in Central Africa as forest fragmentation increases and terrestrial vertebrates decline in numbers.
Resume Conservation des forets tropicales et de la restauration, il faut comprendre les mouvements et les preferences d'habitat des disseminateurs de graines importantes. Avec ses forets actuellement modifies a un rythme sans precedent, les oiseaux frugivores sont de plus en plus vital pour la regeneration de la foret. mouvement des semences, cependant, est tres dependante des caracteristiques comportementales de leurs dispersants. Ici, nous avons examine les mouvements, les preferences en matiere d'habitat, de tailles et de gamme de deux frugivores africaines: le (Ceratogymna atrata) noir a casque et le calao a cuisses blanches (Bycanistes albotibialis), dans les forets tropicales de plaine du sud du Cameroun. L'aide d'emetteurs satellites, nous avons suivi huit calaos pendant trois ans pour caracteriser leurs mouvements et de les relier a des elements du paysage de l'environnement. mouvements de Calao differaient significativement, avec B.albotibialis allant sur de grandes surfaces (moyenne=20,274ha) que C.atrata (moyenne=5604ha), et les femelles des deux especes couvrant plus de 15 fois la superficie des hommes. Les preuves suggerent que les mouvements sont irruptive durant des periodes determinees, peut-etre entraines par la faible disponibilite des ressources. En outre, les calaos souvent renvoyes aux memes localites situees dans un an, meme si les mouvements ne sont pas caracterises comme migratoire. Les deux especes apparaissent des differences significatives dans les preferences de l'habitat, avec B.albotibialis utilisant habitat perturbe plus frequemment que C.atrata (t=-22.04, P=2.2x10(-16)). Les routes principales ont ete trouves a agir comme des barrieres pour C.atrata, mais pas pour B.albotibialis. La capacite des deux especes de calao de deplacer de grandes distances suggere calaos joueront un role essentiel dans le maintien et la regeneration des forets en Afrique centrale que la fragmentation de la foret augmente et les vertebres terrestres baisse du nombre.
C1 [Chasar, Anthony; Harrigan, Ryan J.; Dietsch, Thomas V.; Fuller, Trevon L.; Smith, Thomas B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Trop Res, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Holbrook, Kimberly M.] Nature Conservancy, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Dietsch, Thomas V.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Div, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
[Wikelski, Martin] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany.
[Wikelski, Martin] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, D-78457 Constance, Germany.
[Smith, Thomas B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Smith, TB (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Trop Res, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, 621 Charles E Young Dr South, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM tbsmith@ucla.edu
FU National Science Foundation [IIA - 1243524]; Disney Conservation Fund;
Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology; UCLA's Center for Tropical
Research
FX We thank the govenement of the Republic of Cameroon for permission to
conduct the research. We especially acknowledge the assistance of
Francis Fonsi and the people of Kompia and Befanlone for their support
and assistance. This research was supported by grants from the National
Science Foundation (IIA - 1243524), Disney Conservation Fund, and
funding from the Max-Planck Institute for Ornithology and UCLA's Center
for Tropical Research.
NR 58
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0006-3606
EI 1744-7429
J9 BIOTROPICA
JI Biotropica
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 46
IS 6
BP 763
EP 770
DI 10.1111/btp.12160
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS9AT
UT WOS:000344536600016
ER
PT J
AU Whiteley, AR
Coombs, JA
Letcher, BH
Nislow, KH
AF Whiteley, Andrew R.
Coombs, Jason A.
Letcher, Benjamin H.
Nislow, Keith H.
TI Simulation and empirical analysis of novel sibship-based genetic
determination of fish passage
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; BROOK TROUT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; PEDIGREE
RECONSTRUCTION; MARKER DATA; STREAM; CONNECTIVITY; SOFTWARE;
CONSERVATION; DISPERSAL
AB We develop and test a new analytic approach, termed "sib-split", to detect fish passage through road crossings. This new approach is based on the genetic analysis of full-siblings on opposite sides of potential barriers. We used simulations and data from two empirical case studies involving brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) movement with respect to barriers that varied in strength of effect on fish passage. Simulations revealed that both sib-split and the population assignment-based method (STRUCTURE) were highly accurate (mean accuracy > 99%) under easy-to-detect conditions (moderate to strong genetic differentiation and no movement). However, under difficult-to-detect simulated conditions (no genetic differentiation, 10% movement each generation), sib-split had higher accuracy (mean accuracy = 98%) than STRUCTURE (mean accuracy = 84%). Sib-split also outperformed STRUCTURE (mean accuracy 98% versus 89%) under a more difficult-to-detect simulated management scenario (simulated construction of a new complete barrier to movement). Sib-split provided more reliable and easily interpretable movement detection in both easy-and difficult-to-detect empirical case studies. With the empirical case studies, sensitivity to the prior on migration rate precluded use of STRUCTURE by itself, but a two-step approach where sib-split results were used to provide an informed migration prior for STRUCTURE provided additional information for both case studies.
C1 [Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Whiteley, Andrew R.; Coombs, Jason A.; Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Leetown Sci Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Whiteley, AR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM awhiteley@eco.umass.edu
FU USDA Forest Service San Dimas Technology and Development Center [USFS
10-JV-11242307-098]; National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US
Department of Agriculture; Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment
Station; Environmental Conservation Department of the University of
Massachusetts Amherst [14]
FX We thank C. Riley for sample collection from the Michigan study site. We
thank M. O'Donnell and T. Dubreuil for help with sample collection from
the Massachusetts study site. Genotypic data were collected by M. Page,
S. Jane, and M. Burak. H. Neville, E. Taylor, and two anonymous
reviewers provided helpful comments on a draft of this manuscript. This
work was funded through a grant from the USDA Forest Service San Dimas
Technology and Development Center (USFS 10-JV-11242307-098). A.W.
received additional support from the National Institute of Food and
Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, the Massachusetts
Agricultural Experiment Station, and the Environmental Conservation
Department of the University of Massachusetts Amherst, under project
number MAS#14.
NR 43
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 9
U2 23
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 11
BP 1667
EP 1679
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0137
PG 13
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AT0CN
UT WOS:000344604800007
ER
PT J
AU Neville, HM
Peterson, DP
AF Neville, Helen M.
Peterson, Douglas P.
TI Genetic monitoring of trout movement after culvert remediation: family
matters
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTSLOPE CUTTHROAT TROUT; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; MULTILOCUS
GENOTYPE DATA; POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; SOUTHEASTERN
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI-HENSHAWI; SALMO-TRUTTA L;
RAINBOW-TROUT; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; ASSIGNMENT METHODS
AB We contrasted various genetic analyses to evaluate their utility and constraints for detecting movement of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) through restored culverts in different field settings: population-level metrics of genetic variability (heterozygosity and allelic richness); Bayesian clustering and assignment of individual genotypes from age 1+ fish; and a novel "sib-split" approach, where movement patterns are extracted from the spatial distribution of young-of-year (YOY) full-sibling groups inferred via pedigree reconstruction. Family structure greatly influenced population-level and individual clustering results in our small headwater populations, even though field sampling was implemented to avoid siblings. Sib-split, which uses family structure to detect movement, uncovered passage of YOY just weeks after emergence. When retrospectively applied to older individuals, it proved essential in interpreting clustering patterns and captured passage in several families of 1- and 2-year-olds. Where family structuring may negatively affect genetic analyses or, alternatively, be prominent enough to allow application of sib-split is difficult to predict a priori; we discuss benefits and limitations of all approaches under different ecological, spatial, and management scenarios.
C1 [Neville, Helen M.] Trout Unltd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Peterson, Douglas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
RP Neville, HM (reprint author), Trout Unltd, 910 W Main St,Suite 342, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM hneville@tu.org
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service's National Fish Passage Program (FONS)
[61330-2006-015]; USDA Forest Service Lolo National Forest [USFS
10-IA-11011600-014]; USDA Forest Service's Highway Trust Funds for
Aquatic Passage for the San Dimas AOP Monitoring Project [USFS
06-IA-11221659-097, 10-CS-11138100-024]; Trout Unlimited-USFWS
cooperative agreement [601818J447]
FX J. Anderson, L. Bahn, R. Bilbrey, D. Brewer, G. Brink, E. Cholak, C.
Cooney, K. Dixon, B. Grammens, T. Lyon, K. Nixon, J. Payne, D. Rearick,
D. Rouse, and C. Torrens assisted with fieldwork. S. Spaulding, S.
Hendrickson, K. Smith, R. Brassfield, and other USFS biologists provided
information on prospective study sites. Funding was provided by the US
Fish and Wildlife Service's National Fish Passage Program (FONS No.
61330-2006-015); USDA Forest Service Lolo National Forest (USFS
10-IA-11011600-014); USDA Forest Service's Highway Trust Funds for
Aquatic Passage for the San Dimas AOP Monitoring Project (via USFS
06-IA-11221659-097 and 10-CS-11138100-024); and a Trout Unlimited-USFWS
cooperative agreement (No. 601818J447). M. Peacock and V. Kirchoff at
Laboratory for Ecological and Evolutionary Genetics, University of
Nevada-Reno, performed the lab work. M. Mayfield provided Fig. 1 and J.
Coombs helped with initial PEDAGOG and COLONY simulations. J. Coombs and
A. Whiteley provided productive comments on an earlier draft of this
manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish
and Wildlife Service.
NR 95
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 24
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 11
BP 1680
EP 1694
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0138
PG 15
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AT0CN
UT WOS:000344604800008
ER
PT J
AU Holbrook, CM
Johnson, NS
Steibel, JP
Twohey, MB
Binder, TR
Krueger, CC
Jones, ML
AF Holbrook, Christopher M.
Johnson, Nicholas S.
Steibel, Juan P.
Twohey, Michael B.
Binder, Thomas R.
Krueger, Charles C.
Jones, Michael L.
TI Estimating reach-specific fish movement probabilities in rivers with a
Bayesian state-space model: application to sea lamprey passage and
capture at dams
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID GREAT-LAKES; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; SURVIVAL; RECAPTURE; DYNAMICS;
SIMULATIONS; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGISTS; BARRIERS
AB Improved methods are needed to evaluate barriers and traps for control and assessment of invasive sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) in the Great Lakes. A Bayesian state-space model provided reach-specific probabilities of movement, including trap capture and dam passage, for 148 acoustic tagged invasive sea lamprey in the lower Cheboygan River, Michigan, a tributary to Lake Huron. Reach-specific movement probabilities were combined to obtain estimates of spatial distribution and abundance needed to evaluate a barrier and trap complex for sea lamprey control and assessment. Of an estimated 21 828 - 29 300 adult sea lampreys in the river, 0%-2%, or 0-514 untagged lampreys, could have passed upstream of the dam, and 46%-61% were caught in the trap. Although no tagged lampreys passed above the dam (0/148), our sample size was not sufficient to consider the lock and dam a complete barrier to sea lamprey. Results also showed that existing traps are in good locations because 83%-96% of the population was vulnerable to existing traps. However, only 52%-69% of lampreys vulnerable to traps were caught, suggesting that traps can be improved. The approach used in this study was a novel use of Bayesian state-space models that may have broader applications, including evaluation of barriers for other invasive species (e. g., Asian carp (Hypophthalmichthys spp.)) and fish passage structures for other diadromous fishes.
C1 [Holbrook, Christopher M.; Johnson, Nicholas S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Steibel, Juan P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Anim Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Steibel, Juan P.; Binder, Thomas R.; Jones, Michael L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Twohey, Michael B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marquette Biol Stn, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
[Binder, Thomas R.; Krueger, Charles C.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Holbrook, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM cholbrook@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission through Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative appropriations [GL-00E23010-3]
FX This work was funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission through Great
Lakes Restoration Initiative appropriations (GL-00E23010-3). The Great
Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System
(http://www.data.glos.us/glatos) assisted with project coordination.
Great Lakes Tissue and the Michigan Department of Natural Resources
provided property access. T. Brenden, M. Hansen, and two anonymous
reviewers provided constructive suggestions to improve the manuscript.
J. Barber, E. Benzer, E. Larson, H. Thompson, Z. Holmes, and M.
Lancewicz provided assistance. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish
and Wildlife Service. This article is contribution No. 4 of the Great
Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System, contribution No. 1862 of
the USGS Great Lakes Science Center, and contribution No. 2014-11 of the
MSU Quantitative Fisheries Center.
NR 56
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 30
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 11
BP 1713
EP 1729
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0581
PG 17
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AT0CN
UT WOS:000344604800011
ER
PT J
AU Amburgey, SM
Bailey, LL
Murphy, M
Muths, E
Funk, WC
AF Amburgey, S. M.
Bailey, L. L.
Murphy, M.
Muths, E.
Funk, W. C.
TI The effects of hydropattern and predator communities on amphibian
occupancy
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE species distributions; fish predation; odonate larvae; habitat
suitability; amphibian decline; Pseudacris maculata; Boreal Chorus Frog
ID SALAMANDERS AMBYSTOMA-MACRODACTYLUM; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; FROG
RANA-TEMPORARIA; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LANDSCAPE
GENETICS; SPECIES RICHNESS; SPATIAL SCALES; NATIONAL-PARK; RESPONSES
AB Complex, interactive ecological constraints regulate species distributions, and understanding these factors is crucial for predicting species persistence. We used occupancy analysis, which corrects for imperfect detection, to test the importance of abiotic and biotic habitat and landscape factors on probability of occupancy by Boreal Chorus Frog (Pseudacris maculata (Agassiz, 1850)) tadpoles. We hypothesized that hydropattern and predators are primarily important because they affect desiccation and predation risk and can interact in ways difficult to predict. We surveyed 62 wetland sites across an elevational gradient in Colorado, USA, and modeled patterns in P. maculata occupancy. Tadpoles were most frequently present in intermediate-length hydropattern systems with lower desiccation risk and no predatory fish because of occasional drying. Pseudacris maculata occupancy had a strong negative relationship with fish presence, while tadpoles, odonate larvae, and Barred Tiger Salamanders (Ambystoma mavortium mavortium Baird, 1850) frequently co-occurred. Dry seasonal conditions will likely result in fewer intermediate-length hydropattern ponds available for amphibian breeding. We hypothesize that this will force P. maculata to breed in habitats with fish. As habitats shrink, predators that co-occur with P. maculata are expected to concentrate in the remaining habitat and increase predation risk for developing tadpoles (assuming predators are similarly constricted in their habitat use as amphibians are).
C1 [Amburgey, S. M.; Funk, W. C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bailey, L. L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Murphy, M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Muths, E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Amburgey, SM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, 1878 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM sma279@psu.edu
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
FU Colorado State University; Edward and Phyllis Reed Fellowship Fund
FX We thank S. Gobert for assistance in the field, L. Poff for his comments
and suggestions, and the Fort Collins Natural Areas Program for allowing
us access to their properties. We also thank all property owners who
kindly let us survey their ponds. This research was funded by Colorado
State University and the Edward and Phyllis Reed Fellowship Fund and was
permitted by the Colorado Division of Wildlife (# 11HP957). This is
contribution No. 491 of the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (ARMI). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the Edward
and Phyllis Reed Fellowship FundU. S. Government.
NR 83
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 50
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
EI 1480-3283
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 92
IS 11
BP 927
EP 937
DI 10.1139/cjz-2014-0106
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AT6EO
UT WOS:000345032200002
ER
PT J
AU Hoell, A
Funk, C
Barlow, M
AF Hoell, Andrew
Funk, Chris
Barlow, Mathew
TI La Nina diversity and Northwest Indian Ocean Rim teleconnections
SO CLIMATE DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE ENSO diversity; La Nina; Tropical warm pool; Drought; East Africa;
Central-Southwest Asia
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; EL-NINO; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; SOUTHWEST ASIA;
AFRICAN RAINFALL; WARM POOL; ENSO; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; PACIFIC
AB The differences in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) expressions of El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events of the same phase have been linked with different global atmospheric circulation patterns. This study examines the dynamical forcing of precipitation during October-December (OND) and MarchMay (MAM) over East Africa and during December-March (DJFM) over Central-Southwest Asia for 1950-2010 associated with four tropical Pacific SST patterns characteristic of La Nina events, the cold phase of ENSO. The self-organizing map method along with a statistical distinguishability test was used to isolate La Nina events, and seasonal precipitation forcing was investigated in terms of the tropical overturning circulation and thermodynamic and moisture budgets. Recent La Nina events with strong opposing SST anomalies between the central and western Pacific Ocean (phases 3 and 4), force the strongest global circulation modifications and drought over the Northwest Indian Ocean Rim. Over East Africa during MAM and OND, subsidence is forced by an enhanced tropical overturning circulation and precipitation reductions are exacerbated by increases in moisture flux divergence. Over Central-Southwest Asia during DJFM, the thermodynamic forcing of subsidence is primarily responsible for precipitation reductions, with moisture flux divergence acting as a secondary mechanism to reduce precipitation. Eastern Pacific La Nina events in the absence of west Pacific SST anomalies (phases 1 and 2), are associated with weaker global teleconnections, particularly over the Indian Ocean Rim. The weak regional teleconnections result in statistically insignificant precipitation modifications over East Africa and Central-Southwest Asia.
C1 [Hoell, Andrew; Funk, Chris] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Funk, Chris] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Barlow, Mathew] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lowell, MA USA.
RP Hoell, A (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM hoell@geog.ucsb.edu; chris@geog.ucsb.edu; Mathew_Barlow@uml.edu
FU US Agency for International Development
FX The authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers whose comments
and suggestions helped to improve the manuscript and Martin Hoerling for
providing the GFS simulations. NCEP Reanalysis and ERSST data were
provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their
web site at http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. This research builds upon a
multi-year research project carried out under a US Agency for
International Development-funded Famine Early Warning Systems Network
agreement with the US Geological Survey.
NR 46
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0930-7575
EI 1432-0894
J9 CLIM DYNAM
JI Clim. Dyn.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 43
IS 9-10
BP 2707
EP 2724
DI 10.1007/s00382-014-2083-y
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AS8DJ
UT WOS:000344480100021
ER
PT J
AU Gates, K
Ludwig, K
AF Gates, Kiza
Ludwig, Kris
TI Responding to environmental crises
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Gates, Kiza; Ludwig, Kris] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Gates, K (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 5
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 9
BP 483
EP 483
PG 1
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT3PK
UT WOS:000344846200001
ER
PT J
AU Porter, ML
Kingston, ACN
McCready, R
Cameron, EG
Hofmann, CM
Suarez, L
Olsen, GH
Cronin, TW
Robinson, PR
AF Porter, Megan L.
Kingston, Alexandra C. N.
McCready, Robert
Cameron, Evan G.
Hofmann, Christopher M.
Suarez, Lauren
Olsen, Glenn H.
Cronin, Thomas W.
Robinson, Phyllis R.
TI Characterization of visual pigments, oil droplets, lens and cornea in
the whooping crane Grus americana
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Whooping crane; Visual pigment; Opsin; Ocular media; Oil droplets
ID MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; OCULAR MEDIA; SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY;
ULTRAVIOLET VISION; BIRDS; PHOTORECEPTOR; EVOLUTION; ECOLOGY; VIOLET;
OPSIN
AB Vision has been investigated in many species of birds, but few studies have considered the visual systems of large birds and the particular implications of large eyes and long-life spans on visual system capabilities. To address these issues we investigated the visual system of the whooping crane Grus americana (Gruiformes, Gruidae), which is one of only two North American crane species. It is a large, long-lived bird in which UV sensitivity might be reduced by chromatic aberration and entrance of UV radiation into the eye could be detrimental to retinal tissues. To investigate the whooping crane visual system we used microspectrophotometry to determine the absorbance spectra of retinal oil droplets and to investigate whether the ocular media (i.e. the lens and cornea) absorb UV radiation. In vitro expression and reconstitution was used to determine the absorbance spectra of rod and cone visual pigments. The rod visual pigments had wavelengths of peak absorbance (lambda(max)) at 500 nm, whereas the cone visual pigment lambda(max) values were determined to be 404 nm (SWS1), 450 nm (SWS2), 499 nm (RH2) and 561 nm (LWS), similar to other characterized bird visual pigment absorbance values. The oil droplet cut-off wavelength (lambda(cut)) values similarly fell within ranges recorded in other avian species: 576 nm (R-type), 522 nm (Y-type), 506 nm (P-type) and 448 nm (C-type). We confirm that G. americana has a violet-sensitive visual system; however, as a consequence of the lambda(max) of the SWS1 visual pigment (404 nm), it might also have some UV sensitivity.
C1 [Porter, Megan L.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
[Kingston, Alexandra C. N.; McCready, Robert; Cameron, Evan G.; Hofmann, Christopher M.; Suarez, Lauren; Cronin, Thomas W.; Robinson, Phyllis R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Biol Sci, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.
[Olsen, Glenn H.] USGS Pautuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Porter, ML (reprint author), Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
EM Megan.Porter@usd.edu
FU Air Force Office of Scientific Research [FA9550-09-1-0149]
FX The research was funded by the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
[grant number FA9550-09-1-0149 to T.W.C.].
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 18
PU COMPANY OF BIOLOGISTS LTD
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA BIDDER BUILDING CAMBRIDGE COMMERCIAL PARK COWLEY RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4DL,
CAMBS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-0949
EI 1477-9145
J9 J EXP BIOL
JI J. Exp. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 217
IS 21
BP 3883
EP 3890
DI 10.1242/jeb.108456
PG 8
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA AT3XA
UT WOS:000344866300022
PM 25267845
ER
PT J
AU Kapnick, SB
Delworth, TL
Ashfaq, M
Malyshev, S
Milly, PCD
AF Kapnick, Sarah B.
Delworth, Thomas L.
Ashfaq, Moetasim
Malyshev, Sergey
Milly, P. C. D.
TI Snowfall less sensitive to warming in Karakoram than in Himalayas due to
a unique seasonal cycle
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; WATER-RESOURCES; HINDU-KUSH;
PRECIPITATION; GLACIERS; 20TH-CENTURY; SIMULATION; SCENARIOS; MONSOON
AB The high mountains of Asia, including the Karakoram, Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau, combine to form a region of perplexing hydroclimate changes. Glaciers have exhibited mass stability or even expansion in the Karakoram region(1-3), contrasting with glacial mass loss across the nearby Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau(1,4), a pattern that has been termed the Karakoram anomaly. However, the remote location, complex terrain and multi-country fabric of high-mountain Asia have made it difficult to maintain longer-term monitoring systems of the meteorological components that may have influenced glacial change. Here we compare a set of high-resolution climate model simulations from 1861 to 2100 with the latest available observations to focus on the distinct seasonal cycles and resulting climate change signatures of Asia's high-mountain ranges. We find that the Karakoram seasonal cycle is dominated by non-monsoonal winter precipitation, which uniquely protects it from reductions in annual snowfall under climate warming over the twenty-first century. The simulations show that climate change signals are detectable only with long and continuous records, and at specific elevations. Our findings suggest a meteorological mechanism for regional differences in the glacier response to climate warming.
C1 [Kapnick, Sarah B.] Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Kapnick, Sarah B.; Delworth, Thomas L.; Milly, P. C. D.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Ashfaq, Moetasim] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Malyshev, Sergey] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Milly, P. C. D.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Kapnick, SB (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Program Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM skapnick@princeton.edu
RI Kapnick, Sarah/C-5209-2014; Delworth, Thomas/C-5191-2014
OI Kapnick, Sarah/0000-0003-0979-3070;
NR 39
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 4
U2 34
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 11
BP 834
EP 840
DI 10.1038/NGEO2269
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT3CC
UT WOS:000344812100018
ER
PT J
AU DePasquale, C
Wagner, T
Archard, GA
Ferguson, B
Braithwaite, VA
AF DePasquale, C.
Wagner, T.
Archard, G. A.
Ferguson, B.
Braithwaite, V. A.
TI Learning rate and temperament in a high predation risk environment
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Predation pressure; Temperament; Boldness; Associative learning;
Conditioning
ID GUPPY POECILIA-RETICULATA; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; BEHAVIORAL SYNDROMES;
BRACHYRHAPHIS-EPISCOPI; ANIMAL TEMPERAMENT; REARING CONDITIONS;
POPULATIONS; PERSONALITY; FISH; MICE
AB Living in challenging environments can influence the behavior of animals in a number of ways. For instance, populations of prey fish that experience frequent, nonlethal interactions with predators have a high proportion of individuals that express greater reaction to risk and increased activity and exploration-collectively known as temperament traits. Temperament traits are often correlated, such that individuals that are risk-prone also tend to be active and explore more. Spatial learning, which requires the integration of many sensory cues, has also been shown to vary in fish exposed to different levels of predation threat. Fish from areas of low predation risk learn to solve spatial tasks faster than fish from high predation areas. However, it is not yet known whether simpler forms of learning, such as learning associations between two events, are similarly influenced. Simple forms of associative learning are likely to be affected by temperament because a willingness to approach and explore novel situations could provide animals with a learning advantage. However, it is possible that routine-forming and inflexible traits associated with risk-prone and increased exploratory behavior may act in the opposite way and make risk-prone individuals poorer at learning associations. To investigate this, we measured temperament in Panamanian bishop fish (Brachyrhaphis episcopi) sampled from a site known to contain many predators. The B. episcopi were then tested with an associative learning task. Within this population, fish that explored more were faster at learning a cue that predicted access to food, indicating a link between temperament and basic learning abilities.
C1 [DePasquale, C.] Penn State Univ Altoona, Dept Biol, Altoona, PA 16601 USA.
[DePasquale, C.; Braithwaite, V. A.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Brain Behav & Cognit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[DePasquale, C.; Archard, G. A.; Ferguson, B.; Braithwaite, V. A.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wagner, T.] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Archard, G. A.] Cardiff Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Cardiff CF10 3AX, S Glam, Wales.
RP DePasquale, C (reprint author), Penn State Univ Altoona, Dept Biol, 207 Hawthorn Bldg,3000 Ivyside Pk, Altoona, PA 16601 USA.
EM ocg102@psu.edu
FU USDA [AES 4296]
FX The research was supported by USDA (AES 4296). We thank the Smithsonian
Tropical Research Institute, Bill Wcislo, and Allen Herre for their help
and support during fieldwork in Panama. All experiments were approved by
IACUC #28642. The fish were captured under Authoridad National del
Ambiente permit SE/A-84-08. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 47
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 7
U2 65
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
EI 1432-1939
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3
BP 661
EP 667
DI 10.1007/s00442-014-3099-z
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT0AJ
UT WOS:000344599000006
PM 25270336
ER
PT J
AU Venarsky, MP
Huntsman, BM
Huryn, AD
Benstead, JP
Kuhajda, BR
AF Venarsky, Michael P.
Huntsman, Brock M.
Huryn, Alexander D.
Benstead, Jonathan P.
Kuhajda, Bernard R.
TI Quantitative food web analysis supports the energy-limitation hypothesis
in cave stream ecosystems
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioenergetics; Detritus; Bottom-up control; Trophic basis of production;
Subterranean
ID BOTTOM-UP; TOP-DOWN; SECONDARY PRODUCTION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE;
ORGANIC-MATTER; TROPHIC BASIS; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; RESOURCE
LIMITATION; EUPHAUSIA-PACIFICA; STABLE-ISOTOPES
AB Energy limitation has long been the primary assumption underlying conceptual models of evolutionary and ecological processes in cave ecosystems. However, the prediction that cave communities are actually energy-limited in the sense that constituent populations are consuming all or most of their resource supply is untested. We assessed the energy-limitation hypothesis in three cave streams in northeastern Alabama (USA) by combining measurements of animal production, demand, and resource supplies (detritus, primarily decomposing wood particles). Comparisons of animal consumption and detritus supply rates in each cave showed that all, or nearly all, available detritus was required to support macroinvertebrate production. Furthermore, only a small amount of macroinvertebrate prey production remained to support other predatory taxa (i.e., cave fish and salamanders) after accounting for crayfish consumption. Placing the energy demands of a cave community within the context of resource supply rates provided quantitative support for the energy-limitation hypothesis, confirming the mechanism (limited energy surpluses) that likely influences the evolutionary processes and population dynamics that shape cave communities. Detritus-based surface ecosystems often have large detrital surpluses. Thus, cave ecosystems, which show minimal surpluses, occupy the extreme oligotrophic end of the spectrum of detritus-based food webs.
C1 [Venarsky, Michael P.; Huryn, Alexander D.; Benstead, Jonathan P.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.
[Huntsman, Brock M.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Kuhajda, Bernard R.] Tennessee Aquarium Conservat Inst, Chattanooga, TN 37402 USA.
RP Venarsky, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM mvenarsky@gmail.com
FU University of Alabama; State Wildlife Grants entitled "Assessment of
population dynamics of cave inhabiting crayfish in Alabama" [T-03-02,
T-3-3-2]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the University of Alabama and
two State Wildlife Grants entitled "Assessment of population dynamics of
cave inhabiting crayfish in Alabama" to ADH and BRK (grant # T-03-02 and
T-3-3-2). We are grateful to Horace Clemens and the Southeastern Cave
Conservancy for cave access. Thanks to Chau Tran, Jim Godwin, Justin
Cook, Tom Heatherly, Michael Kendrick, Randall Blackwood, Stuart W.
McGregor, Lauren Showalter, Mica Junior, Dru Holla, Tim Wynn, Cameron
Craig, Samantha Richter, Chase Moon, Jonathan Hopper, Jessica Rogers,
James Ramsey, Mick Demi, Dan Nelson, Brook Fluker, Derrick Wells, and
Michael Sandel for their assistance in the field and laboratory. We also
thank Bob Hall, Kevin Simon, and two anonymous reviewers for comments
that improved earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 81
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 39
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
EI 1432-1939
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 176
IS 3
BP 859
EP 869
DI 10.1007/s00442-014-3042-3
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT0AJ
UT WOS:000344599000024
PM 25218190
ER
PT J
AU Semenov, VS
Mikhailov, VM
Koptev-Dvornikov, EV
Ford, AB
Shulyatin, OG
Semenov, SV
Tkacheva, DA
AF Semenov, V. S.
Mikhailov, V. M.
Koptev-Dvornikov, E. V.
Ford, A. B.
Shulyatin, O. G.
Semenov, S. V.
Tkacheva, D. A.
TI Layered Jurassic intrusions in Antarctica
SO PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOCHEMICAL STRUCTURE; NORTHERN KARELIA; DUFEK INTRUSION; BAIKAL AREA;
GONDWANA; FERRAR; AGE; MAGMATISM; PROVINCE; BREAKUP
AB The paper addresses the current understanding of the inner structure of the layered intrusions at Dufek Massif in the Pensacola Mountains and the Utpostane and Muren intrusions in Queen Maud Land, Antarctica, which are still poorly known to Russian geologists. The magmatic events at approximately 180 Ma, including the emplacement of layered intrusions, are thought to had predated the breakup of the Gondwana supercontinent. The spatiotemporal similarities of the intrusions determine the importance of the problem of whether they were produced by a single or more than one parental magmas, which are thought to have been derived under the effect of a superplume.
C1 [Semenov, V. S.; Semenov, S. V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Precambrian Geol & Geochronol, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
[Mikhailov, V. M.; Shulyatin, O. G.; Tkacheva, D. A.] All Russia Res Inst Geol & Mineral Resources Worl, St Petersburg 190121, Russia.
[Koptev-Dvornikov, E. V.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Geol Fac, Moscow 119992, Russia.
[Ford, A. B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Semenov, VS (reprint author), Russian Acad Sci, Inst Precambrian Geol & Geochronol, Nab Makarova 2, St Petersburg 199034, Russia.
EM svs77@rambler.ru; ABFord@aol.com
FU Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-05-01027-a, 11-05-00940-a]
FX This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research,
project nos. 11-05-01027-a and 11-05-00940-a.
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 3
PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA
SN 0869-5911
EI 1556-2085
J9 PETROLOGY+
JI Petrology
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 6
BP 547
EP 573
DI 10.1134/S0869591114060034
PG 27
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Mineralogy
SC Geology; Mineralogy
GA AT0IO
UT WOS:000344620300003
ER
PT J
AU Fee, D
Yokoo, A
Johnson, JB
AF Fee, David
Yokoo, Akihiko
Johnson, Jeffrey B.
TI Introduction to an Open Community Infrasound Dataset from the Actively
Erupting Sakurajima Volcano, Japan
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID VULCANIAN ERUPTION; EXPLOSIVE ERUPTIONS; ALASKA; WAVE
C1 [Fee, David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Yokoo, Akihiko] Kyoto Univ, Inst Geothermal Sci, Aso Volcanol Lab, Kumamoto, Japan.
[Johnson, Jeffrey B.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
RP Fee, D (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM dfee@gi.alaska.edu
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 10
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 6
BP 1151
EP 1162
DI 10.1785/0220140051
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AS8QD
UT WOS:000344512500003
ER
PT J
AU Matoza, RS
Fee, D
Lopez, TM
AF Matoza, Robin S.
Fee, David
Lopez, Taryn M.
TI Acoustic Characterization of Explosion Complexity at Sakurajima,
Karymsky, and Tungurahua Volcanoes
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID INFRASOUND OBSERVATIONS; PROPAGATION; KAMCHATKA; ALASKA; WAVES; NOISE
C1 [Matoza, Robin S.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Fee, David; Lopez, Taryn M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Fee, David] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Matoza, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM rmatoza@ucsd.edu
FU Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Foundation at the Institute of Geophysics and
Planetary Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography; National Science
Foundation (NSF) [EAR-1113338]; Geophysical Institute; NSF [EAR-1331084,
EAR-1250148]; Alaska Space Grant Consortium
FX We thank Jeffrey Johnson for collecting and providing the image data
used in Figure 10, Maurizio Ripepe for providing the Stromboli data used
in Figures 1 and 2, and Kirsten Chojnicki for discussions. We are
grateful to SVO, KBGS/IVS, and IG-EPN for field and logistical support
with the data collection. We thank two anonymous reviewers for helping
us to improve the manuscript. We used ASTER digital elevation model
(DEM) data in Figure 3. R.S.M. acknowledges support from the Cecil H.
and Ida M. Green Foundation at the Institute of Geophysics and Planetary
Physics, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, and National Science
Foundation (NSF) Grant EAR-1113338. D.F. acknowledges support from the
Geophysical Institute and NSF Grant EAR-1331084. T.M.L. acknowledges
support from the Geophysical Institute, the Alaska Space Grant
Consortium, and NSF Grant EAR-1250148.
NR 39
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 10
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 6
BP 1187
EP 1199
DI 10.1785/0220140110
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AS8QD
UT WOS:000344512500006
ER
PT J
AU Mckee, K
Fee, D
Rowell, C
Yokoo, A
AF Mckee, Kathleen
Fee, David
Rowell, Colin
Yokoo, Akihiko
TI Network-Based Evaluation of the Infrasonic Source Location at Sakurajima
Volcano, Japan
SO SEISMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID RADIAL SEMBLANCE; ERUPTION
C1 [Mckee, Kathleen; Fee, David; Rowell, Colin] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Yokoo, Akihiko] Kyoto Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Inst Geothermal Sci, Aso Volcanol Lab, Kumamoto 8691404, Japan.
RP Mckee, K (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Alaska Volcano Observ, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM dfee@gi.alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1113294]; Geophysical Institute
FX We would like to thank the Sakurajima Volcano Research Center, Mie
Ichihara, and Yuki Abe for assistance with data collection and planning,
as well as Jeff Johnson, Philippa Demonte, Brian Terbush, and Robin
Matoza. Funding was provided by National Science Foundation Grant
EAR-1113294 and the Geophysical Institute. The manuscript was
significantly improved by two helpful reviews.
NR 27
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0895-0695
EI 1938-2057
J9 SEISMOL RES LETT
JI Seismol. Res. Lett.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 6
BP 1200
EP 1211
DI 10.1785/0220140119
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AS8QD
UT WOS:000344512500007
ER
PT J
AU Rummel, JD
Beaty, DW
Jones, MA
Bakermans, C
Barlow, NG
Boston, PJ
Chevrier, VF
Clark, BC
de Vera, JPP
Gough, RV
Hallsworth, JE
Head, JW
Hipkin, VJ
Kieft, TL
McEwen, AS
Mellon, MT
Mikucki, JA
Nicholson, WL
Omelon, CR
Peterson, R
Roden, EE
Sherwood Lollar, B
Tanaka, KL
Viola, D
Wray, JJ
AF Rummel, John D.
Beaty, David W.
Jones, Melissa A.
Bakermans, Corien
Barlow, Nadine G.
Boston, Penelope J.
Chevrier, Vincent F.
Clark, Benton C.
de Vera, Jean-Pierre P.
Gough, Raina V.
Hallsworth, John E.
Head, James W.
Hipkin, Victoria J.
Kieft, Thomas L.
McEwen, Alfred S.
Mellon, Michael T.
Mikucki, Jill A.
Nicholson, Wayne L.
Omelon, Christopher R.
Peterson, Ronald
Roden, Eric E.
Sherwood Lollar, Barbara
Tanaka, Kenneth L.
Viola, Donna
Wray, James J.
TI A New Analysis of Mars "Special Regions": Findings of the Second MEPAG
Special Regions Science Analysis Group (SR-SAG2)
SO ASTROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT News Item
ID ORBITER LASER ALTIMETER; RECURRING SLOPE LINEAE; CARBON-DIOXIDE
EXCHANGE; MARTIAN IMPACT CRATERS; SEASONAL POLAR-CAP; WATER-VAPOR
UPTAKE; VOSTOK ICE CORE; LITHOAUTOTROPHIC MICROBIAL ECOSYSTEMS;
SPACECRAFT-ASSOCIATED MICROORGANISMS; SOIL HETEROTROPHIC RESPIRATION
AB A committee of the Mars Exploration Program Analysis Group (MEPAG) has reviewed and updated the description of Special Regions on Mars as places where terrestrial organisms might replicate (per the COSPAR Planetary Protection Policy). This review and update was conducted by an international team (SR-SAG2) drawn from both the biological science and Mars exploration communities, focused on understanding when and where Special Regions could occur. The study applied recently available data about martian environments and about terrestrial organisms, building on a previous analysis of Mars Special Regions (2006) undertaken by a similar team. Since then, a new body of highly relevant information has been generated from the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (launched in 2005) and Phoenix (2007) and data from Mars Express and the twin Mars Exploration Rovers (all 2003). Results have also been gleaned from the Mars Science Laboratory (launched in 2011). In addition to Mars data, there is a considerable body of new data regarding the known environmental limits to life on Earth-including the potential for terrestrial microbial life to survive and replicate under martian environmental conditions. The SR-SAG2 analysis has included an examination of new Mars models relevant to natural environmental variation in water activity and temperature; a review and reconsideration of the current parameters used to define Special Regions; and updated maps and descriptions of the martian environments recommended for treatment as "Uncertain" or "Special" as natural features or those potentially formed by the influence of future landed spacecraft. Significant changes in our knowledge of the capabilities of terrestrial organisms and the existence of possibly habitable martian environments have led to a new appreciation of where Mars Special Regions may be identified and protected. The SR-SAG also considered the impact of Special Regions on potential future human missions to Mars, both as locations of potential resources and as places that should not be inadvertently contaminated by human activity. Key Words: Martian environments-Mars astrobiology-Extreme environment microbiology-Planetary protection-Exploration resources. Astrobiology 14, 887-968.
C1 [Rummel, John D.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Beaty, David W.; Jones, Melissa A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Bakermans, Corien] Penn State Univ, Altoona Coll, Altoona, PA USA.
[Barlow, Nadine G.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Boston, Penelope J.; Kieft, Thomas L.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Socorro, NM USA.
[Chevrier, Vincent F.] Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Ctr Space & Planetary Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Clark, Benton C.] Space Sci Inst, Boulder, CO USA.
[de Vera, Jean-Pierre P.] Inst Planetary Res, German Aerosp Ctr, Berlin, Germany.
[Gough, Raina V.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hallsworth, John E.] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Inst Global Food Secur, Belfast, Antrim, North Ireland.
[Head, James W.] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Hipkin, Victoria J.] Canadian Space Agcy, St Hubert, PQ, Canada.
[McEwen, Alfred S.; Viola, Donna] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Mellon, Michael T.] SW Res Inst, Boulder, CO USA.
[Mikucki, Jill A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Microbiol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Nicholson, Wayne L.] Univ Florida, Dept Microbiol & Cell Sci, Merritt Isl, FL USA.
[Omelon, Christopher R.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX USA.
[Peterson, Ronald] Queens Univ, Kingston, ON, Canada.
[Roden, Eric E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI USA.
[Roden, Eric E.] Univ Wisconsin, NASA Astrobiol Inst, Madison, WI USA.
[Sherwood Lollar, Barbara] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Tanaka, Kenneth L.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Wray, James J.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
RP Rummel, JD (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, ICSP, Flanagan 250, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
EM rummelj@ecu.edu
RI Wray, James/B-8457-2008; Hallsworth, John/K-7876-2013; Mellon,
Michael/C-3456-2016
OI Wray, James/0000-0001-5559-2179;
NR 628
TC 51
Z9 51
U1 7
U2 73
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1531-1074
EI 1557-8070
J9 ASTROBIOLOGY
JI Astrobiology
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 14
IS 11
BP 887
EP 968
DI 10.1089/ast.2014.1227
PG 82
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Biology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Geology
GA AT3XP
UT WOS:000344868500001
PM 25401393
ER
PT J
AU Stapanian, MA
Madenjian, CP
Cott, PA
Rediske, RR
O'Keefe, JP
AF Stapanian, Martin A.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Cott, Peter A.
Rediske, Richard R.
O'Keefe, James P.
TI POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENER DISTRIBUTIONS IN BURBOT: EVIDENCE FOR
A LATITUDE EFFECT
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Polychlorinated biphenyl; Homolog; Congener; Burbot; Great Slave Lake;
Lake Erie
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; GREAT SLAVE LAKE; LOTA-LOTA; ORGANIC
CONTAMINANTS; PCB CONCENTRATIONS; SEXUAL DIFFERENCE; ORGANOCHLORINE
COMPOUNDS; ERIE; FISH; POPULATION
AB The authors compared the distributions of the congeners of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) detected in whole-body samples of burbot (Lota lota) from Great Slave Lake and Lake Erie. Total PCB concentrations in Great Slave Lake burbot were about one-sixtieth of the concentrations in Lake Erie burbot. Burbot from Great Slave Lake contained a higher proportion of lower-chlorinated (2-6 chlorines) congeners than did burbot from Lake Erie; the reverse occurred for more highly chlorinated (7-9 chlorines) congeners. Hexachloro congeners, followed by pentachloro congeners, dominated the proportions of total PCBs in burbot from both lakes. There were no differences between sexes in whole-body samples or between gonad and somatic tissues in the proportions of the 39 congeners and 3 sets of coeluters detected in burbot from Great Slave Lake. In contrast, there were distinct sex differences in congener distributions for older burbot from Lake Erie. The results generally supported a prediction of higher proportions of lower-chlorinated PCB homologs in organisms in remote polar areas. However, the latitudinal effect on PCB congener distribution may be more complex than that portrayed in previous studies. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2448-2454. (c) 2014 SETAC
C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Cott, Peter A.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Laurier GNWT Partnership, Yellowknife, NT, Canada.
[Rediske, Richard R.; O'Keefe, James P.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI USA.
RP Stapanian, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
EM mstapanian@usgs.gov
OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 11
BP 2448
EP 2454
DI 10.1002/etc.2703
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AS3LB
UT WOS:000344178100010
PM 25088677
ER
PT J
AU Rumschlag, SL
Boone, MD
Fellers, G
AF Rumschlag, Samantha L.
Boone, Michelle D.
Fellers, Gary
TI THE EFFECTS OF THE AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS, INSECTICIDE EXPOSURE, AND
TEMPERATURE ON LARVAL ANURAN DEVELOPMENT AND SURVIVAL
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibian; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Carbaryl; Environmental
biology; Insecticide; Malathion
ID BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS INFECTION; GLOBAL CLIMATE; FROG TADPOLES;
LEOPARD FROG; RANA-PIPIENS; DISEASE; PESTICIDES; EMERGENCE; DECLINES;
PATHOGEN
AB Chytridiomycosis, a disease caused by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), has been implicated as a cause of amphibian declines. Susceptibility may be influenced by environmental factors that suppress the immune response. The authors conducted a laboratory study to examine the effect of temperature, insecticide exposure, and Bd exposure during larval anuran development. The authors examined the consequences of exposure to Bd, an insecticide (carbaryl or malathion), and static or fluctuating temperature (15 degrees C, 20 degrees C, 25 degrees C, or 15 degrees C to 25 degrees C 72-h flux) on larval development through metamorphosis of the Pacific treefrog (Pseudacris regilla). High and fluctuating temperature had negative effects on survival in the presence of Bd. Insecticides inhibited the effects of Bd; time to tail resorption of Pacific treefrogs decreased when tadpoles were exposed to carbaryl. The present study indicates that abiotic factors may play a role in the host-pathogen interactions in this system. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2545-2550. (c) 2014 SETAC
C1 [Rumschlag, Samantha L.; Boone, Michelle D.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[Fellers, Gary] US Geol Survey, Ecol Res Ctr, Point Reyes Natl Seashore, Point Reyes Stn, CA USA.
RP Rumschlag, SL (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
EM rumschsl@miamioh.edu
NR 38
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 4
U2 42
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 11
BP 2545
EP 2550
DI 10.1002/etc.2707
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AS3LB
UT WOS:000344178100023
PM 25098758
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, BL
Willacker, JJ
Eagles-Smith, CA
Pearl, CA
Adams, MJ
AF Johnson, Branden L.
Willacker, James J.
Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
Pearl, Christopher A.
Adams, Michael J.
TI INVASIVE CRAYFISH AS VECTORS OF MERCURY IN FRESHWATER FOOD WEBS OF THE
PACIFIC NORTHWEST
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Crayfish; Energy density; Invasive species; Mercury; Food web
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; PROCAMBARUS-CLARKII; ORCONECTES-RUSTICUS;
INTRODUCED CRAYFISH; SPORT FISH; LAKE; BIOACCUMULATION; IMPACT; PREY;
USA
AB Invasive species are important drivers of environmental change in aquatic ecosystems and can alter habitat characteristics, community composition, and ecosystem energetics. Such changes have important implications for many ecosystem processes, including the bioaccumulation and biomagnification of contaminants through food webs. Mercury concentrations were measured in 2 nonnative and 1 native crayfish species from western Oregon (USA). Nonnative red swamp crayfish had mercury concentrations similar to those in native signal crayfish (0.29 +/- 0.05 mu g/g dry wt and 0.36 +/- 0.06 mu g/g dry wt, respectively), whereas the nonnative ringed crayfish had lower mercury concentrations (0.10 +/- 0.02 mu g/g dry wt) than either of the other species. The mean energy content of muscle was similar between the native signal crayfish and nonnative ringed crayfish but was significantly higher in the nonnative red swamp crayfish. Across species, mercury concentrations were negatively correlated with energy density. Such energetic differences could exacerbate changes in mercury transfer through trophic pathways of food webs, especially via alterations to the growth dynamics of consumers. Thus, it is important to consider the role of energy content in determining effective mercury exposure even when mercury concentrations on a per-unit mass basis do not differ between species. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2639-2645. Published 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
C1 [Johnson, Branden L.; Willacker, James J.; Eagles-Smith, Collin A.; Pearl, Christopher A.; Adams, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Eagles-Smith, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM ceagles-smith@usgs.gov
OI Eagles-Smith, Collin/0000-0003-1329-5285; Willacker,
James/0000-0002-6286-5224
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) Pacific Northwest Regional Office State
Partnership program; USGS Contaminant Biology Program within the
Environmental Health Mission Area; USGS Ecosystems Mission Area
FX The present study was supported by the US Geological Survey (USGS)
Pacific Northwest Regional Office State Partnership program, the USGS
Contaminant Biology Program within the Environmental Health Mission
Area, and the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area. We thank the private
landowners and agency personnel who helped locate and access sampling
sites, including biologists from the Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Long Tom Watershed
Council, US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Forest Service, and US Bureau
of Land Management. We thank B. McCreary, L. Fitzpatrick, and B. Priz
for their work afield, and N. Baker and M. Wagner for lab assistance. We
thank C. Furin, M. Fitzpatrick, and 2 anonymous reviewers for valuable
feedback on a draft of this manuscript. Sampling was conducted under
scientific collecting permits from the Oregon Department of Fish and
Wildlife, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 11
BP 2639
EP 2645
DI 10.1002/etc.2727
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AS3LB
UT WOS:000344178100035
PM 25143076
ER
PT J
AU Sanches, ID
Souza, CR
Kokaly, RF
AF Sanches, Ieda Del'Arco
Souza Filho, Carlos Roberto
Kokaly, Raymond Floyd
TI Spectroscopic remote sensing of plant stress at leaf and canopy levels
using the chlorophyll 680 nm absorption feature with continuum removal
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Hyperspectral; Airborne sensor; Chlorophyll absorption feature;
Continuum removal; Spectral feature analysis; Vegetation index
ID RED-EDGE; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; NITROGEN CONCENTRATION;
HYPERSPECTRAL DATA; VEGETATION STRESS; SPECTRAL FEATURE; NATIONAL-PARK;
AVIRIS DATA; NEW-MEXICO; FLUORESCENCE
AB This paper explores the use of spectral feature analysis to detect plant stress in visible/near infrared wavelengths. A time series of close range leaf and canopy reflectance data of two plant species grown in hydrocarbon-contaminated soil was acquired with a portable spectrometer. The ProSpecTIR-VS airborne imaging spectrometer was used to obtain far range hyperspectral remote sensing data over the field experiment. Parameters describing the chlorophyll 680 nm absorption feature (depth, width, and area) were derived using continuum removal applied to the spectra. A new index, the Plant Stress Detection Index (PSDI), was calculated using continuum-removed values near the chlorophyll feature centre (680 nm) and on the green-edge (560 and 575 nm). Chlorophyll feature's depth, width and area, the PSDI and a narrow-band normalised difference vegetation index were evaluated for their ability to detect stressed plants. The objective was to analyse how the parameters/indices were affected by increasing degrees of plant stress and to examine their utility as plant stress indicators at the remote sensing level (e.g. airborne sensor). For leaf data, PSDI and the chlorophyll feature area revealed the highest percentage (67-70%) of stressed plants. The PSDI also proved to be the best constraint for detecting the stress in hydrocarbon-impacted plants with field canopy spectra and airborne imaging spectroscopy data. This was particularly true using thresholds based on the ASD canopy data and considering the combination of higher percentage of stressed plants detected (across the thresholds) and fewer false-positives. (C) 2014 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sanches, Ieda Del'Arco] Brazilian Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Remote Sensing Div DSR, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
[Sanches, Ieda Del'Arco; Souza Filho, Carlos Roberto] Univ Campinas UNICAMP, Inst Geosci, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
[Kokaly, Raymond Floyd] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Sanches, ID (reprint author), Brazilian Natl Inst Space Res INPE, Remote Sensing Div DSR, Av Astronautas 1758, BR-12227010 Sao Jose Dos Campos, SP, Brazil.
EM ieda@dsr.inpe.br; beto@ige.unicamp.br; raymond@usgs.gov
RI Kokaly, Raymond/A-6817-2017;
OI Kokaly, Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101; Sanches, Ieda/0000-0003-1296-0933
FU FAPESP (Processo FAPESP) [2011/03416-8]; CNPq; Pedro Altoe Ferreira; Lis
Maria Leoni Rabaco; Renato Seixas da Rocha
FX I.D. Sanches is grateful to FAPESP for her post-doctorate scholarship
(Processo FAPESP n. 2011/03416-8). The authors are thankful to Wilson
Oliveira (Petrobras) and Marcos Nopper Alves (CPQBA-UNICAMP) for their
innovative ideas and contributions during the field experiments. We are
greatly indebted to Luciola Magalhaes and Giuliana Quiterio for their
involvement with all phases and aspects of the spectral measurements in
the field. We also acknowledge the researchers of the Technology Program
for Transport (PROTRAN) of the Research Center of Petrobras (CENPES),
especially to Pedro Altoe Ferreira, Lis Maria Leoni Rabaco and Renato
Seixas da Rocha, for the financial and logistic support dedicated to the
Biomarkers Phase-1 Project developed in partnership with UNICAMP. C.R.
Souza Filho acknowledges CNPq for the research grant.
NR 53
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 97
BP 111
EP 122
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.08.015
PG 12
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AS7MC
UT WOS:000344439100010
ER
PT J
AU Bradford, JB
Schlaepfer, DR
Lauenroth, WK
Burke, IC
AF Bradford, John B.
Schlaepfer, Daniel R.
Lauenroth, William K.
Burke, Ingrid C.
TI Shifts in plant functional types have time-dependent and regionally
variable impacts on dryland ecosystem water balance
SO JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia tridentata; deep drainage; ecosystem water balance;
evapotranspiration; plant-soil (below-ground) interactions; water yield
ID WYOMING BIG SAGEBRUSH; SOIL-WATER; GREAT-BASIN; RAINFALL INTERCEPTION;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; BROMUS-TECTORUM; HYDRAULIC LIFT;
NORTH-AMERICA; SAGE-GROUSE
AB Terrestrial vegetation influences hydrologic cycling. In water-limited, dryland ecosystems, altered ecohydrology as a consequence of vegetation change can impact vegetation structure, ecological functioning and ecosystem services. Shrub steppe ecosystems dominated by big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) are widespread across western North America, and provide a range of ecosystem services. While sagebrush abundance in these ecosystems has been altered over the past century, and changes are likely to continue, the ecohydrological consequences of sagebrush removal and reestablishment remain unclear. To characterize the immediate and medium-term patterns of water cycling and availability following sagebrush plant community alteration, we applied the SOILWAT ecosystem water balance model to 898 sites across the distribution of sagebrush ecosystems, representing the three primary sagebrush ecosystem types: sagebrush shrublands, sagebrush steppe and montane sagebrush. At each site, we examined three vegetation conditions representing intact sagebrush, recently disturbed sagebrush and recovered but grass-dominated vegetation. Transition from shrub to grass dominance decreased precipitation interception and transpiration and increased soil evaporation and deep drainage. Relative to intact sagebrush vegetation, simulated soils in the herbaceous vegetation phases typically had drier surface layers and wetter deep layers. Our simulations suggested that alterations in ecosystem water balance may be most pronounced in vegetation representing recently disturbed conditions (herbaceous vegetation with low biomass) and only modest in conditions representing recovered, but still grass-dominated vegetation. Furthermore, the ecohydrological impact of simulated sagebrush removal depended on climate; while short-term changes in water balance were greatest in wet areas represented by the montane sagebrush ecosystem type, medium-term impacts were greatest in dry areas of sagebrush shrublands and sagebrush steppe.Synthesis. This study provides a novel, regional-scale assessment of how plant functional type transitions may impact ecosystem water balance in sagebrush-dominated ecosystems of North America. Results illustrate that the ecohydrological consequences of changing vegetation depend strongly on climate and suggest that decreasing woody plant abundance may have only limited impact on evapotranspiration and water yield.
C1 [Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Schlaepfer, Daniel R.; Lauenroth, William K.; Burke, Ingrid C.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Bradford, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jbradford@usgs.gov
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; Burke, Ingrid/A-1420-2009; Schlaepfer,
Daniel/D-1756-2009
OI Burke, Ingrid/0000-0003-4717-6399; Schlaepfer,
Daniel/0000-0001-9973-2065
FU Ecosystems mission area of the U.S. Geological Survey; University of
Wyoming
FX We are grateful to three anonymous referees and a handling editor for
excellent comments that substantially improved this manuscript. This
work was funded by the Ecosystems mission area of the U.S. Geological
Survey and by the University of Wyoming. Any use of trade, product or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 72
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 12
U2 58
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-0477
EI 1365-2745
J9 J ECOL
JI J. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 102
IS 6
BP 1408
EP 1418
DI 10.1111/1365-2745.12289
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS5UB
UT WOS:000344333800006
ER
PT J
AU Davis, DM
Reese, KP
Gardner, SC
AF Davis, Dawn M.
Reese, Kerry P.
Gardner, Scott C.
TI Demography, Reproductive Ecology, and Variation in Survival of Greater
Sage-Grouse in Northeastern California
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Centrocercus urophasianus; demography; greater sage-grouse; reproductive
ecology; survival
ID NEST-SITE SELECTION; CENTROCERCUS-UROPHASIANUS; SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO;
HABITAT SELECTION; PRAIRIE-CHICKENS; BROOD HABITAT; SPATIAL DATA; MONO
COUNTY; POPULATION; SUCCESS
AB We examined demographic parameters and factors influencing nest survival of female greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in northeastern California. Additionally, we used known-fate models in program MARK to examine bi-weekly survival rates of females over an 8-month period (Mar-Oct, 2007-2009). Nest survival rate, assuming a 38-day exposure period, was 41% and was positively associated with grass height ((beta) over cap =0.03, SE=0.02), but the 95% confidence interval overlapped 0 (95% CI=-0.007-0.767) and the effect of grass height on nest success was likely to be small. Grass height and visual obstruction was greater at nest sites than at random locations, suggesting females selected sites with structurally more closed habitat for nesting. Females that nested under vegetation other than sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) had increased nest survival probabilities, suggesting sage-grouse selection of nest sites is based on vegetation structure more than plant species. Sagebrush canopy cover was considerably lower in our study area (approx. 10% on random plots) compared with sagebrush cover described across the geographic range of sage-grouse (>15%) and sage-grouse use of non-sagebrush plants in our study suggests sagebrush nesting habitat is limited. The overall 8-month survival (breeding season through autumn migration) for female sage-grouse was 49% (SE=0.06) with most deaths occurring in spring and autumn. Mortalities during spring coincided with nest initiation, incubation, and following hatch when successfully nesting females were tending to chicks. Mortalities in September coincided with dispersal and autumn migration. The survival estimate during the breeding season was greater among known failed nesters ((S) over cap (FAILED)=0.69) than females that nested successfully ((S) over cap (SUCCESSFUL)=0.53), indicating female greater sage-grouse were exposed to greater mortality risk during incubation and brood-rearing periods. Greater mortality risk during the breeding season (i.e., nesting and brood-rearing) can have a major impact on greater sage-grouse demography. Conservation and management efforts should focus on enhancing female greater sage-grouse survival during the breeding and brood-rearing season. (c) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Davis, Dawn M.; Reese, Kerry P.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Gardner, Scott C.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Davis, DM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, 911 NE 11th Ave, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
EM dawn_davis@fws.gov
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife under State Wildlife Grant
[T-9]
FX We gratefully acknowledge our field assistants M. E. Sullivan, A. J.
Goad, A. C. Pratt, B. J. Gunderson, W. R. Folland, D. R. Kohn, K. A.
Clark, W. L Lutz Jr., and N. L. Mickle as well as the numerous
volunteers who assisted with data collection. We thank C. E. Braun and
C. D. Caudill who provided comments on earlier drafts of this
manuscript. This project was funded by California Department of Fish and
Wildlife under State Wildlife Grant T-9: Population and habitat
investigations of greater sage-grouse in California. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 92
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 8
BP 1343
EP 1355
DI 10.1002/jwmg.797
PG 13
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AS6OP
UT WOS:000344382900004
ER
PT J
AU Buderman, FE
Diefenbach, DR
Rosenberry, CS
Wallingford, BD
Long, ES
AF Buderman, Frances E.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
Rosenberry, Christopher S.
Wallingford, Bret D.
Long, Eric S.
TI Effect of Hunter Selectivity on Harvest Rates of Radio-Collared
White-Tailed Deer in Pennsylvania
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE ear tag; harvest rate; hunter behavior; Odocoileus virginianus;
Pennsylvania; radiocollar; white-tailed deer
ID CAPTURE MYOPATHY; REPORTING RATES; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; FAWNS; MODEL
AB Radio transmitters are a commonly used tool for monitoring the fates of harvested species, although little research has been devoted to whether a visible radio transmitter changes a hunters' willingness to harvest that animal. We initially surveyed deer hunters to assess their willingness to harvest radio-collared deer and predicted radio collars were unlikely to affect the harvest of antlerless deer, but hunters may be less willing to harvest small-antlered males with radio collars compared to large-antlered males. We fitted white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) with radio collars that were visible to hunters or with ear-tag transmitters or ear-tags that were difficult to detect visually and estimated if harvest rates differed among marking methods. For females, the best model failed to detect an effect of radio collars on harvest rates. Also, we failed to detect a difference between male deer fitted with radio collars and ear-tag transmitters. When we compared males fitted with radio collars versus ear tags, we found harvest rate patterns were opposite to our predictions, with lower harvest rates for adult males fitted with radio collars and higher harvest rates for yearling males fitted with radio collars. Our study suggests that harvest rate estimates generated from a sample of deer fitted with visible radio collars can be representative of the population of inference. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Buderman, Frances E.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Rosenberry, Christopher S.; Wallingford, Bret D.] Penn Game Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA.
[Long, Eric S.] Seattle Pacific Univ, Seattle, WA 98119 USA.
RP Buderman, FE (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM franny.buderman@colostate.edu
FU Pennsylvania Game Commission; U. S. Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by the Pennsylvania Game Commission and U.
S. Geological Survey. We thank M. O. Graham for her assistance in
designing the mail questionnaire. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U. S. Government. We appreciate the reviews by D. C. Fulton and 2
anonymous reviewers that improved the manuscript.
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 78
IS 8
BP 1456
EP 1465
DI 10.1002/jwmg.779
PG 10
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AS6OP
UT WOS:000344382900014
ER
PT J
AU Zambon, JB
He, RY
Warner, JC
AF Zambon, Joseph B.
He, Ruoying
Warner, John C.
TI Investigation of hurricane Ivan using the coupled
ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) model
SO OCEAN DYNAMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Coupled modeling; Hurricane; Ocean dynamics
ID AIR-SEA MOMENTUM; TROPICAL CYCLONE INTENSITY; HIGH WIND CONDITIONS;
PREDICTION SYSTEM; BULK PARAMETERIZATION; NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS; SURFACE
ROUGHNESS; CBLAST-HURRICANE; NEXT-GENERATION; BOUNDARY-LAYER
AB The coupled ocean-atmosphere-wave-sediment transport (COAWST) model is used to hindcast Hurricane Ivan (2004), an extremely intense tropical cyclone (TC) translating through the Gulf of Mexico. Sensitivity experiments with increasing complexity in ocean-atmosphere-wave coupled exchange processes are performed to assess the impacts of coupling on the predictions of the atmosphere, ocean, and wave environments during the occurrence of a TC. Modest improvement in track but significant improvement in intensity are found when using the fully atmosphere-ocean-wave coupled configuration versus uncoupled (e.g., standalone atmosphere, ocean, or wave) model simulations. Surface wave fields generated in the fully coupled configuration also demonstrates good agreement with in situ buoy measurements. Coupled and uncoupled model-simulated sea surface temperature (SST) fields are compared with both in situ and remote observations. Detailed heat budget analysis reveals that the mixed layer temperature cooling in the deep ocean (on the shelf) is caused primarily by advection (equally by advection and diffusion).
C1 [Zambon, Joseph B.; He, Ruoying] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP He, RY (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM rhe@ncsu.edu
FU USGS Coastal Process Project; Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative/GISR
[02-S130202]; NOAA [NA11NOS0120033]; NASA [NNX12AP84G, NNX13AD80G]
FX Research support provided by USGS Coastal Process Project, Gulf of
Mexico Research Initiative/GISR through grant 02-S130202, NOAA grant
NA11NOS0120033, NASA grants NNX12AP84G, and NNX13AD80G is much
appreciated. We acknowledge the National Hurricane Center for making
hurricane best-track data available online.
NR 84
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 22
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1616-7341
EI 1616-7228
J9 OCEAN DYNAM
JI Ocean Dyn.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 64
IS 11
BP 1535
EP 1554
DI 10.1007/s10236-014-0777-7
PG 20
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AS3HC
UT WOS:000344167300001
ER
PT J
AU Wahl, D
Byrne, R
Anderson, L
AF Wahl, David
Byrne, Roger
Anderson, Lysanna
TI An 8700 year paleoclimate reconstruction from the southern Maya lowlands
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Paleoclimate; Holocene; Maya lowlands; Oxygen isotopes; Pollen; Zea
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; YUCATAN-PENINSULA;
VEGETATION CHANGE; HOLOCENE; VARIABILITY; RECORD; CIVILIZATION;
MIDHOLOCENE; STALAGMITE
AB Analysis of a sediment core from Lago Puerto Arturo, a closed basin lake in northern Peten, Guatemala, has provided an similar to 8700 cal year record of climate change and human activity in the southern Maya lowlands. Stable isotope, magnetic susceptibility, and pollen analyses were used to reconstruct environmental change in the region. Results indicate a relatively wet early to middle Holocene followed by a drier late Holocene, which we interpret as reflecting long-term changes in insolation (precession). Higher frequency variability is more likely attributable to changes in ocean/atmosphere circulation in both the North Atlantic and the Pacific Oceans. Pollen and isotope data show that most of the period of prehispanic agricultural settlement, i.e. similar to 5000-1000 cal yr BP, was characterized by drier conditions than previous or subsequent periods. The presence of Zea (corn) pollen through peak aridity during the Terminal Classic period (similar to 1250-1130 cal yr BP) suggests that drought may not have had as negative an impact as previously proposed. A dramatic negative shift in isotope values indicates an increase in precipitation after similar to 950 cal yr BP (hereafter BP). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wahl, David; Anderson, Lysanna] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wahl, David; Byrne, Roger] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Geog, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Wahl, D (reprint author), 345 Middlefield Rd MS-975, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dwahl@usgs.gov
OI Wahl, David/0000-0002-0451-3554
FU National Science Foundation (DDIG) [0327305]; Foundation for
Anthropological Research and Environmental Studies (FARES); Mirador
Basin/Cuenca Mirador project
FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation (DDIG
#0327305), the Foundation for Anthropological Research and Environmental
Studies (FARES), and the Mirador Basin/Cuenca Mirador project. We are
grateful to Richard Hansen for facilitating field logistics and
providing thoughtful discussion, Tom Schreiner and Oscar Tun for
assisting ably with fieldwork, and the Instituto de Antropologia e
Historia for cooperative support. We thank John Barron and Jenn Kusler
for valuable comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 78
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 103
BP 19
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.08.004
PG 7
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AS3YM
UT WOS:000344211000002
ER
PT J
AU Cisneros-Dozal, LM
Huang, YS
Heikoop, JM
Fawcett, PJ
Fessenden, J
Anderson, RS
Meyers, PA
Larson, T
Perkins, G
Toney, J
Werne, JP
Goff, F
WoldeGabriel, G
Allen, CD
Berke, MA
AF Cisneros-Dozal, Luz M.
Huang, Yongsong
Heikoop, Jeffrey M.
Fawcett, Peter J.
Fessenden, Julianna
Anderson, R. Scott
Meyers, Philip A.
Larson, Toti
Perkins, George
Toney, Jaime
Werne, Josef P.
Goff, Fraser
WoldeGabriel, Giday
Allen, Craig D.
Berke, Melissa A.
TI Assessing the strength of the monsoon during the late Pleistocene in
southwestern United States
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Monsoonal precipitation; Hydrogen isotope; Leaf plant waxes;
Southwestern US; Drought
ID NORTH-AMERICAN MONSOON; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; N-ALKANES;
MILLENNIAL-SCALE; DEVILS-HOLE; LEAF WATER; RECORD; PRECIPITATION;
PLANTS; MODEL
AB Improved predictions of drought require an understanding of natural and human-induced climate variability. Long-term records across glacial-interglacial cycles provide the natural component of variability, however few such records exist for the southwestern United States (US) and quantitative or semiquantitative records of precipitation are absent. Here we use the hydrogen isotope (delta D) value of C-28 n-alkanoic acid in lacustrine sediments of Pleistocene age to reconstruct delta D values of precipitation in northern New Mexico over two glacial-interglacial cycles (similar to 550,000-360,000 years before present) and obtain a record of monsoon strength. Overall, reconstructed delta D values range from -53.8 parts per thousand to -94.4 parts per thousand, with a mean value of -77.5 +/- 8 parts per thousand. Remarkably, this variation falls within the measured present-day summer monsoonal and winter weighted means (-50.3 +/- 3 parts per thousand and 106.4 +/- 20 parts per thousand respectively), suggesting that processes similar to those of present time also controlled precipitation during Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 13 to 10. Using the delta D summer monsoonal and winter mean values as end-members, we interpret our reconstructed delta D record of precipitation as a direct, and semi-quantitative, indicator of monsoon strength during MIS 13 to 10. Interglacial periods were characterized by greater monsoon strength but also greater variability compared to glacial periods. Pronounced cycles in the strength of the monsoon occurred during interglacial periods and in general were positively correlated with maximum mean annual temperatures. Our estimates of monsoon strength are supported by independent proxies of ecosystem productivity, namely, TOC, delta C-13 of TOC and Si/Ti ratio and warm pollen taxa Juniperus and Quercus. Interglacial variability in the strength of the monsoon resembles a response to the land-sea surface temperature contrast (LSTC) except for the early part of MIS 11. During this period, LSTC would have remained relatively strong while monsoonal strength decreased to a minimum. This minimum occurred following the warmest interval of MIS 11, suggesting a more complex driving of monsoon strength during warm periods. In addition, this period of monsoon minimum coincided with a core section of mud-cracked sediments that suggest low monsoonal precipitation was an important factor in the onset of drought. Our estimates of monsoon strength represent a record of natural variability in the region that is relevant to present time, in particular the variability during interglacial MIS 11, which is considered an analog for the current interglacial. Our results suggest that natural variability can cause significant reductions in monsoonal precipitation with the implication of a potentially adverse effect from sustained warming. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cisneros-Dozal, Luz M.; Heikoop, Jeffrey M.; Fessenden, Julianna; Larson, Toti; Perkins, George; WoldeGabriel, Giday] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Earth & Environm Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Huang, Yongsong; Toney, Jaime] Brown Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Fawcett, Peter J.; Goff, Fraser] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Werne, Josef P.; Berke, Melissa A.] Univ Minnesota, Large Lakes Observ, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Anderson, R. Scott] No Arizona Univ, Lab Paleoecol, Bilby Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Meyers, Philip A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Allen, Craig D.] USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA.
RP Cisneros-Dozal, LM (reprint author), Scottish Univ Environm Res Ctr, Nat Environm Res Council, Radiocarbon Facil East Kilbride, E Kilbride G75 0QF, Lanark, Scotland.
EM Malu.Cisneros@glasgow.ac.uk
RI Heikoop, Jeffrey/C-1163-2011; Toney, Jaime/I-5083-2012;
OI Toney, Jaime/0000-0003-3182-6887; Heikoop, Jeffrey/0000-0001-7648-3385
FU NSF [P2C2]; IGPP LANL; USGS Western Mountain Initiative
FX We thank LRC/LacCore for assistance with core sampling. We thank two
anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on this manuscript. This
work was supported by the NSF P2C2, IGPP LANL and the USGS Western
Mountain Initiative.
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 103
BP 81
EP 90
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014.08.022
PG 10
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AS3YM
UT WOS:000344211000007
ER
PT J
AU Reynolds, LV
Shafroth, PB
House, PK
AF Reynolds, L. V.
Shafroth, P. B.
House, P. K.
TI ABANDONED FLOODPLAIN PLANT COMMUNITIES ALONG A REGULATED DRYLAND RIVER
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE riparian vegetation; relict floodplains; fluvial terraces; flow
regulation; Bill Williams River
ID RIPARIAN VEGETATION RESPONSE; ALTERED FLOW REGIMES; ECOLOGICAL
CONSEQUENCES; FLORISTIC COMPOSITION; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; SPECIES
RICHNESS; BASIC PRINCIPLES; MISSOURI RIVER; GREAT-PLAINS; DIVERSITY
AB Rivers and their floodplains worldwide have changed dramatically over the last century because of regulation by dams, flow diversions and channel stabilization. Floodplains no longer inundated by river flows following dam-induced flood reduction comprise large areas of bottomland habitat, but the effects of abandonment on plant communities are not well understood. Using a hydraulic flow model, geomorphic mapping and field surveys, we addressed the following questions along the Bill Williams River, Arizona: (i) What per cent of the bottomland do abandoned floodplains comprise? and (ii) Are abandoned floodplains quantitatively different from adjacent xeric and riparian surfaces in terms of vegetation composition and surface sediment? We found that nearly 70% of active channel and floodplain area was abandoned following dam installation. Abandoned floodplains along the Bill Williams River tend to be similar to each other yet distinct from neighbouring habitats: they have been altered physically from their historic state, leading to distinct combinations of surface sediments, hydrology and plant communities. Abandoned floodplains may transition to xeric communities over time but are likely to retain some riparian qualities as long as there is access to relatively shallow ground water. With expected increases in water demand and drying climatic conditions in many regions, these surfaces and associated vegetation will continue to be extensive in riparian landscapes worldwide. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Reynolds, L. V.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Reynolds, L. V.; Shafroth, P. B.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[House, P. K.] US Geol Survey, Geol Minerals Energy & Geophys Program, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
RP Reynolds, LV (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM reynoldsl@usgs.gov
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 9
BP 1084
EP 1098
DI 10.1002/rra.2708
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AS0SO
UT WOS:000343989000002
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, NS
Miehls, S
AF Johnson, N. S.
Miehls, S.
TI GUIDING OUT-MIGRATING JUVENILE SEA LAMPREY (PETROMYZON MARINUS) WITH
PULSED DIRECT CURRENT
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Petromyzon; Oncorhynchus; fish passage; fishways; guidance; electric;
non-physical; rainbow trout
ID FLOW REGULATION; COLUMBIA RIVER; FISH BEHAVIOR; BARRIERS;
ELECTRORECEPTION; MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY; MOVEMENT; STIMULI; PASSAGE
AB Non-physical stimuli can deter or guide fish without affecting water flow or navigation and therefore have been investigated to improve fish passage at anthropogenic barriers and to control movement of invasive fish. Upstream fish migration can be blocked or guided without physical structure by electrifying the water, but directional downstream fish guidance with electricity has received little attention. We tested two non-uniform pulsed direct current electric systems, each having different electrode orientations (vertical versus horizontal), to determine their ability to guide out-migrating juvenile sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Both systems guided significantly more juvenile sea lamprey to a specific location in our experimental raceway when activated than when deactivated, but guidance efficiency decreased at the highest water velocities tested. At the electric field setting that effectively guided sea lamprey, rainbow trout were guided by the vertical electrode system, but most were blocked by the horizontal electrode system. Additional research should characterize the response of other species to non-uniform fields of pulsed DC and develop electrode configurations that guide fish over a range of water velocity. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Johnson, N. S.; Miehls, S.] USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM njohnson@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX The Great Lakes Fishery Commission provided funding and support.
Fishways Global and Smith-Root staff provided electric system technical
support. Fishways Global, Smith-Root, Dr Alex Haro and Dr Michael Hansen
provided critical comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. United
States Fish and Wildlife Service assisted with sea lamprey collections.
Linnea Brege and Melissa Pomranke assisted with experiments. Henry
Thompson created the figures. This manuscript is contribution number
1763 of the Great Lakes Science Center. Mention of trademark names does
not infer endorsement by the US Federal Government.
NR 56
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 9
BP 1146
EP 1156
DI 10.1002/rra.2703
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AS0SO
UT WOS:000343989000007
ER
PT J
AU Archfield, SA
Kennen, JG
Carlisle, DM
Wolock, DM
AF Archfield, S. A.
Kennen, J. G.
Carlisle, D. M.
Wolock, D. M.
TI AN OBJECTIVE AND PARSIMONIOUS APPROACH FOR CLASSIFYING NATURAL FLOW
REGIMES AT A CONTINENTAL SCALE
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE classification; streamflow; natural flow regime; ecology
ID UNITED-STATES; HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION; STREAMFLOW REGIMES;
CLASSIFICATION; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT
AB Hydro-ecological stream classificationthe process of grouping streams by similar hydrologic responses and, by extension, similar aquatic habitathas been widely accepted and is considered by some to be one of the first steps towards developing ecological flow targets. A new classification of 1543 streamgauges in the contiguous USA is presented by use of a novel and parsimonious approach to understand similarity in ecological streamflow response. This novel classification approach uses seven fundamental daily streamflow statistics (FDSS) rather than winnowing down an uncorrelated subset from 200 or more ecologically relevant streamflow statistics (ERSS) commonly used in hydro-ecological classification studies. The results of this investigation demonstrate that the distributions of 33 tested ERSS are consistently different among the classification groups derived from the seven FDSS. It is further shown that classification based solely on the 33 ERSS generally does a poorer job in grouping similar streamgauges than the classification based on the seven FDSS. This new classification approach has the additional advantages of overcoming some of the subjectivity associated with the selection of the classification variables and provides a set of robust continental-scale classes of US streamgauges. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Archfield, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Rhode Isl Water Sci Ctr, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
[Kennen, J. G.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, West Trenton, NJ USA.
[Carlisle, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Wolock, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS USA.
RP Archfield, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Rhode Isl Water Sci Ctr, 10 Bearfoot Rd, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
EM sarch@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey WaterSMART Program; US Geological Survey National
Water-Quality Assessment Program
FX Support for this research was provided cooperatively by the US
Geological Survey WaterSMART Program and the US Geological Survey
National Water-Quality Assessment Program. The authors thank Julie Kiang
and Ken Eng, both of the US Geological Survey, for their technical input
on the research. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 37
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 9
BP 1166
EP 1183
DI 10.1002/rra.2710
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AS0SO
UT WOS:000343989000009
ER
PT J
AU Miranda, LE
Krogman, RM
AF Miranda, L. E.
Krogman, R. M.
TI ENVIRONMENTAL STRESSORS AFFLICTING TAILWATER STREAM REACHES ACROSS THE
UNITED STATES
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE tailwater; stressors; degradation; habitat; fish
ID MODIFYING DAM OPERATIONS; WATER; RESERVOIR; FISH; CONSEQUENCES;
DOWNSTREAM; MITIGATION; REGIMES
AB The tailwater is the reach of a stream immediately below an impoundment that is hydrologically, physicochemically and biologically altered by the presence and operation of a dam. The overall goal of this study was to gain a nationwide awareness of the issues afflicting tailwater reaches in the United States. Specific objectives included the following: (i) estimate the percentage of reservoirs that support tailwater reaches with environmental conditions suitable for fish assemblages throughout the year, (ii) identify and quantify major sources of environmental stress in those tailwaters that do support fish assemblages and (iii) identify environmental features of tailwater reaches that determine prevalence of key fish taxa. Data were collected through an online survey of fishery managers. Relative to objective 1, 42% of the 1306 reservoirs included in this study had tailwater reaches with sufficient flow to support a fish assemblage throughout the year. The surface area of the reservoir and catchment most strongly delineated reservoirs maintaining tailwater reaches with or without sufficient flow to support a fish assemblage throughout the year. Relative to objective 2, major sources of environmental stress generally reflected flow variables, followed by water quality variables. Relative to objective 3, zoogeography was the primary factor discriminating fish taxa in tailwaters, followed by a wide range of flow and water quality variables. Results for objectives 1-3 varied greatly among nine geographic regions distributed throughout the continental United States. Our results provide a large-scale view of the effects of reservoirs on tailwater reaches and may help guide research and management needs. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Miranda, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Krogman, R. M.] Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS USA.
RP Miranda, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM smiranda@usgs.gov
FU U.S Fish and Wildlife Service through Reservoir Fish Habitat Partnership
FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S Fish and Wildlife
Service through the Reservoir Fish Habitat Partnership. We thank J.
Boxrucker of the Reservoir Fish Habitat Partnership for helpful
assistance at various stages of this research, as well as the many
fishery managers nationwide who provided data for this study. P. Bettoli
and J. Boxrucker provided helpful reviews. Any use of trade, firm or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 34
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 9
BP 1184
EP 1194
DI 10.1002/rra.2705
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA AS0SO
UT WOS:000343989000010
ER
PT J
AU Shryock, DF
Esque, TC
Hughes, L
AF Shryock, Daniel F.
Esque, Todd C.
Hughes, Lee
TI POPULATION VIABILITY OF PEDIOCACTUS BRADYI (CACTACEAE) IN A CHANGING
CLIMATE
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cactaceae; climate change; demographic model; desert species; drought;
elasticity; life table response experiments; matrix model; rare species;
stochastic population growth rate
ID SEEDLING ESTABLISHMENT; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; DEMOGRAPHIC-ANALYSIS;
YUCCA-BREVIFOLIA; CENTRAL MEXICO; MATRIX MODELS; RANGE SHIFTS; EL-NINO;
DESERT; TEHUACAN
AB Premise of the study: A key question concerns the vulnerability of desert species adapted to harsh, variable climates to future climate change. Evaluating this requires coupling long-term demographic models with information on past and projected future climates. We investigated climatic drivers of population growth using a 22-yr demographic model for Pediocactus bradyi, an endangered cactus in northern Arizona.
Methods: We used a matrix model to calculate stochastic population growth rates (lambda(s))and the relative influences of life-cycle transitions on population growth. Regression models linked population growth with climatic variability, while stochastic simulations were used to (1) understand how predicted increases in drought frequency and extreme precipitation would affect lambda(s), and (2) quantify variability in lambda(s) based on temporal replication of data.
Key results: Overall lambda(s) was below unity (0.961). Population growth was equally influenced by fecundity and survival and significantly correlated with increased annual precipitation and higher winter temperatures. Stochastic simulations increasing the probability of drought and extreme precipitation reduced lambda(s), but less than simulations increasing the probability of drought alone. Simulations varying the temporal replication of data suggested 14 yr were required for accurate lambda(s) estimates.
Conclusions: Pediocactus bradyi may be vulnerable to increases in the frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events, particularly drought. Biotic interactions resulting in low survival during drought years outweighed increased seedling establishment following heavy precipitation. Climatic extremes beyond historical ranges of variability may threaten rare desert species with low population growth rates and therefore high susceptibility to stochastic events.
C1 [Shryock, Daniel F.; Esque, Todd C.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Henderson, NV 89014 USA.
[Hughes, Lee] US Bur Land Management, AZ Strip Field Off, St George, UT 84790 USA.
RP Shryock, DF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89014 USA.
EM dshryock@usgs.gov
OI Shryock, Daniel/0000-0003-0330-9815
FU NIAAA NIH HHS [NIHBI012456]; NIAID NIH HHS [NIHBI045675]
NR 60
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 33
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
EI 1537-2197
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 101
IS 11
BP 1944
EP 1953
DI 10.3732/ajb.1400035
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AS1CC
UT WOS:000344013400011
PM 25366859
ER
PT J
AU Demopoulos, AWJ
Bourque, JR
Frometa, J
AF Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.
Bourque, Jill R.
Frometa, Janessy
TI Biodiversity and community composition of sediment macrofauna associated
with deep-sea Lophelia pertusa habitats in the Gulf of Mexico
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART I-OCEANOGRAPHIC RESEARCH PAPERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Lophelia pertusa; Sediment macrofauna; Beta diversity; Cold-water
corals; Community ecology; Gulf of Mexico
ID LOWER CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; WATER CORAL COMMUNITY; HORIZON OIL-SPILL;
NORTHEAST ATLANTIC; VIOSCA KNOLL; OYSTER REEFS; NE ATLANTIC; SHELF;
FAUNA; HETEROGENEITY
AB Scleractinian corals create three-dimensional reefs that provide sheltered refuges, facilitate sediment accumulation, and enhance colonization of encrusting fauna. While heterogeneous coral habitats can harbor high levels of biodiversity, their effect on the community composition within nearby sediments remains unclear, particularly in the deep sea. Sediment macrofauna from deep-sea coral habitats (Lophelia pertusa) and non-coral, background sediments were examined at three sites in the northern Gulf of Mexico (VK826, VK906, MC751, 350-500 m depth) to determine whether macrofaunal abundance, diversity, and community composition near corals differed from background soft-sediments. Macrofaunal densities ranged from 26 to 125 individuals 32 cm(-2) and were significantly greater near coral versus background sediments only at VK826. Of the 86 benthic invertebrate taxa identified, 16 were exclusive to near-coral habitats, while 14 were found only in background sediments. Diversity (Fisher's a) and evenness were significantly higher within near-coral sediments only at MC751 while taxon richness was similar among all habitats. Community composition was significantly different both between near-coral and background sediments and among the three primary sites. Polychaetes numerically dominated all samples, accounting for up to 70% of the total individuals near coral, whereas peracarid crustaceans were proportionally more abundant in background sediments (18%) than in those near coral (10%). The reef effect differed among sites, with community patterns potentially influenced by the size of reef habitat. Taxon turnover occurred with distance from the reef, suggesting that reef extent may represent an important factor in structuring sediment communities near L pertusa. Polychaete communities in both habitats differed from other Gulf of Mexico (GOM) soft sediments based on data from previous studies, and we hypothesize that local environmental conditions found near L pertusa may influence the macrofaunal community structure beyond the edges of the reef. This study represents the first assessment of L pertusa-associated sediment communities in the GOM and provides baseline data that can help define the role of transition zones, from deep reefs to soft sediments, in shaping macrofaunal community structure and maintaining biodiversity; this information can help guide future conservation and management activities. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Demopoulos, Amanda W. J.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Bourque, Jill R.; Frometa, Janessy] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Demopoulos, AWJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM ademopoulos@usgs.gov
OI Frometa, Janessy/0000-0001-6487-5429
FU USGS Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine Environments Program through
the Outer Continental shelf study Lophelia II: Rigs, Reefs, and Wrecks
FX Thank you to C. Charles (USGS), the Bureau of Ocean Energy and
Management (BOEM), including G. Boland, the crews of the NOAA Ship Ron
Brown, ROV JASON group (WHOI), JSL Seward Johnson (HBOI), S.W. Ross, E.
Cordes, C. Fisher, T. Shank, and collaborations with the BOEM contracted
scientists from TDI Brooks. Additionally, special thanks go out to K.
Kovacs, J. McClain-Counts, A. Quattrini, J. Lunden, C. Kellogg, C.
Morrison, and G. Brewer for assistance at sea and thoughtful discussions
during the preparation of this manuscript. Many thanks go to the
anonymous reviewers whose comments greatly improved the manuscript.
Funding was provided to A. Demopoulos from the USGS Terrestrial,
Freshwater, and Marine Environments Program through the Outer
Continental shelf study Lophelia II: Rigs, Reefs, and Wrecks. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 75
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 5
U2 47
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0637
EI 1879-0119
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT I
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part I-Oceanogr. Res. Pap.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 93
BP 91
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.dsr.2014.07.014
PG 13
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AR8WX
UT WOS:000343853200009
ER
PT J
AU Franson, JC
Russell, RE
AF Franson, J. Christian
Russell, Robin E.
TI Lead and eagles: demographic and pathological characteristics of
poisoning, and exposure levels associated with other causes of mortality
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bald eagle; Golden eagle; Lead exposure; Lead poisoning; Mortality;
Pathology
ID WHITE-TAILED EAGLES; BALD EAGLES; GOLDEN EAGLES; AQUILA-CHRYSAETOS;
SPENT AMMUNITION; SHOT INGESTION; NECROPSY DATA; WILD BIRDS; RESIDUES;
ORGANOCHLORINE
AB We conducted a retrospective analysis to evaluate demographic and pathologic characteristics in 484 bald eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) and 68 golden eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) diagnosed with lead poisoning at the U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center. As part of our analysis, we compared characteristics of lead poisoned eagles with those that died of other causes. Odds of lead poisoning were greater for bald eagles versus golden eagles, females versus males, adults versus juveniles, and eagles from the Mississippi and Central flyways versus the Atlantic and Pacific flyways. In addition to spatial, species, and demographic associations, we detected a distinct temporal trend in the collection date of lead poisoned bald eagle carcasses. These carcasses were found at greater frequency in late autumn and winter than spring and summer. Lesions in lead poisoned birds included emaciation, evidence of bile stasis, myocardial degeneration and necrosis, and renal tubular nephrosis and necrosis. Ingested lead ammunition or fragments were found in 14.2 % of bald eagles and 11.8 % of golden eagles. The overall mean liver lead concentration (wet weight basis) for eagles diagnosed with lead poisoning was 28.9 +/- A 0.69 SE mg/kg in bald eagles and 19.4 +/- A 1.84 SE mg/kg in golden eagles. In eagles diagnosed with collision trauma, electrocution, poisoning (other than lead), emaciation, infectious disease, trapping death, other, and undetermined causes, average liver lead concentrations were low (< 1 mg/kg) and did not differ among causes of mortality. Thus, based on our data, we found no evidence that lead exposure of eagles predisposed them to other causes of mortality.
C1 [Franson, J. Christian; Russell, Robin E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Franson, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM jfranson@usgs.gov
OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303; Franson, J/0000-0002-0251-4238
NR 63
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 8
U2 64
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 9
BP 1722
EP 1731
DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1337-0
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AR9FG
UT WOS:000343877400013
PM 25173769
ER
PT J
AU Mooij, WM
Brederveld, RJ
de Klein, JJM
DeAngelis, DL
Downing, AS
Faber, M
Gerla, DJ
Hipsey, MR
't Hoen, J
Janse, JH
Janssen, ABG
Jeuken, M
Kooi, BW
Lischke, B
Petzoldt, T
Postma, L
Schep, SA
Scholten, H
Teurlincx, S
Thiange, C
Trolle, D
van Dam, AA
van Gerven, LPA
van Nes, EH
Kuiper, JJ
AF Mooij, Wolf M.
Brederveld, Robert J.
de Klein, Jeroen J. M.
DeAngelis, Don L.
Downing, Andrea S.
Faber, Michiel
Gerla, Daan J.
Hipsey, Matthew R.
't Hoen, Jochem
Janse, Jan H.
Janssen, Annette B. G.
Jeuken, Michel
Kooi, Bob W.
Lischke, Betty
Petzoldt, Thomas
Postma, Leo
Schep, Sebastiaan A.
Scholten, Huub
Teurlincx, Sven
Thiange, Christophe
Trolle, Dennis
van Dam, Anne A.
van Gerven, Luuk P. A.
van Nes, Egbert H.
Kuiper, Jan J.
TI Serving many at once: How a database approach can create unity in
dynamical ecosystem modelling
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Modelling framework; Programming language; Differential equation;
Community-based modelling; Database approach to modelling; DATM
ID SHALLOW LAKES; SIMULATION; EUTROPHICATION; MANAGEMENT; PACKAGE; PCLAKE
AB Simulation modelling in ecology is a field that is becoming increasingly compartmentalized. Here we propose a Database Approach To Modelling (DATM) to create unity in dynamical ecosystem modelling with differential equations. In this approach the storage of ecological knowledge is independent of the language and platform in which the model will be run. To create an instance of the model, the information in the database is translated and augmented with the language and platform specifics. This process is automated so that a new instance can be created each time the database is updated. We describe the approach using the simple Lotka-Volterra model and the complex ecosystem model for shallow lakes PCLake, which we automatically implement in the frameworks OSIRIS, GRIND for MATLAB, ACSL, R, DUFLOW and DELWAQ. A clear advantage of working in a database is the overview it provides. The simplicity of the approach only adds to its elegance. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-SA license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/).
C1 [Mooij, Wolf M.; Janssen, Annette B. G.; Teurlincx, Sven; van Gerven, Luuk P. A.; Kuiper, Jan J.] Netherlands Inst Ecol, NIOO KNAW, Dept Aquat Ecol, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Mooij, Wolf M.; de Klein, Jeroen J. M.; 't Hoen, Jochem; Janssen, Annette B. G.; van Gerven, Luuk P. A.; van Nes, Egbert H.; Kuiper, Jan J.] Wageningen Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Aquat Ecol & Water Qual Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Brederveld, Robert J.; Faber, Michiel; Schep, Sebastiaan A.] Witteveen Bos, NL-7400 AV Deventer, Netherlands.
[DeAngelis, Don L.] Univ Miami, USGS, Biol Resources Div, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[DeAngelis, Don L.] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Downing, Andrea S.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Syst Ecol, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Gerla, Daan J.] Inst Marine Resource & Ecosyst Studies IMARES, Dept Ecosyst, NL-1790 AD Den Burg, Netherlands.
[Hipsey, Matthew R.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
[Janse, Jan H.; Postma, Leo; Thiange, Christophe] Netherlands Environm Assessment Agcy, PBL, NL-3720 AH Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[Jeuken, Michel] Deltares, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
[Kooi, Bob W.] Vrije Univ Amsterdam, Fac Earth & Life Sci, Dept Theoret Biol, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Lischke, Betty] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Dept Ecol & Ecosyst Modelling, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany.
[Petzoldt, Thomas] Tech Univ Dresden, Fac Environm Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, D-01062 Dresden, Germany.
[Scholten, Huub] Wageningen Univ, Dept Social Sci, Informat Technol Grp, NL-6700 EW Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Trolle, Dennis] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-8600 Silkeborg, Denmark.
[van Dam, Anne A.] UNESCO IHE, Inst Water Educ, NL-2601 DA Delft, Netherlands.
[Gerla, Daan J.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NIOZ, Dept Ecosyst Studies, NL-4400 AC Yerseke, Netherlands.
RP Mooij, WM (reprint author), Netherlands Inst Ecol, NIOO KNAW, Dept Aquat Ecol, POB 50, NL-6700 AB Wageningen, Netherlands.
EM w.mooij@nioo.knaw.nl
RI Library, Library/A-4320-2012; van Nes, Egbert/F-2681-2011; Kooi,
Bob/B-6343-2012; Petzoldt, Thomas/C-6198-2009; Hipsey,
Matthew/C-3551-2009; Trolle, Dennis/B-5465-2008; Mooij,
Wolf/C-2677-2008; Teurlincx, Sven/B-8490-2016; van Dam, Anne
A./M-4251-2013;
OI Library, Library/0000-0002-3835-159X; van Nes,
Egbert/0000-0002-6345-104X; Petzoldt, Thomas/0000-0002-4951-6468;
Hipsey, Matthew/0000-0001-8386-4354; Mooij, Wolf/0000-0001-5586-8200;
Teurlincx, Sven/0000-0001-6740-6521; van Dam, Anne
A./0000-0002-5073-7241; Kuiper, Jan J./0000-0002-6655-9355; Kooi,
B.W./0000-0003-3477-9924
FU Netherlands Foundation for Applied Water Research (STOWA) [443237];
China-Netherlands Joint Scientific Thematic Research Programme (JSTP) of
the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO) [842.00.009];
Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency (PBL); Netherlands Institute
of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW)
FX The development of DATM for PCLake and PCDitch was financed by the
Netherlands Foundation for Applied Water Research (STOWA) project no.
443237, the China-Netherlands Joint Scientific Thematic Research
Programme (JSTP) of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
(NWO) project no. 842.00.009, the Netherlands Environmental Assessment
Agency (PBL) and the Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW). This
is manuscript 5609 of the Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW).
NR 31
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
EI 1873-6726
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 61
BP 266
EP 273
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.04.004
PG 8
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR8WP
UT WOS:000343852500021
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, FE
Wingard, GL
Pitts, PA
AF Marshall, Frank E.
Wingard, G. Lynn
Pitts, Patrick A.
TI Estimates of Natural Salinity and Hydrology in a Subtropical Estuarine
Ecosystem: Implications for Greater Everglades Restoration
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Estuarine restoration; Subtropical estuary; Hydrology and salinity
connectivity; Paleoecology; Statistical modeling; Florida Bay
ID FLORIDA BAY; NATIONAL-PARK; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; NEURAL-NETWORKS; SOUTH
FLORIDA; RECONSTRUCTION; MODELS; SLOUGH
AB Disruption of the natural patterns of freshwater flow into estuarine ecosystems occurred in many locations around the world beginning in the twentieth century. To effectively restore these systems, establishing a pre-alteration perspective allows managers to develop science-based restoration targets for salinity and hydrology. This paper describes a process to develop targets based on natural hydrologic functions by coupling paleoecology and regression models using the subtropical Greater Everglades Ecosystem as an example. Paleoecological investigations characterize the circa 1900 CE (pre-alteration) salinity regime in Florida Bay based on molluscan remains in sediment cores. These paleosalinity estimates are converted into time series estimates of paleo-based salinity, stage, and flow using numeric and statistical models. Model outputs are weighted using the mean square error statistic and then combined. Results indicate that, in the absence of water management, salinity in Florida Bay would be about 3 to 9 salinity units lower than current conditions. To achieve this target, upstream freshwater levels must be about 0.25 m higher than indicated by recent observed data, with increased flow inputs to Florida Bay between 2.1 and 3.7 times existing flows. This flow deficit is comparable to the average volume of water currently being diverted from the Everglades ecosystem by water management. The products (paleo-based Florida Bay salinity and upstream hydrology) provide estimates of pre-alteration hydrology and salinity that represent target restoration conditions. This method can be applied to any estuarine ecosystem with available paleoecologic data and empirical and/or model-based hydrologic data.
C1 [Marshall, Frank E.] Cetacean Log Fdn Inc, New Smyrna Beach, FL 32169 USA.
[Wingard, G. Lynn] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Pitts, Patrick A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Vero Beach, FL USA.
RP Marshall, FE (reprint author), Cetacean Log Fdn Inc, New Smyrna Beach, FL 32169 USA.
EM clfinc@earthlink.net; lwingard@usgs.gov; patrick_pitts@fws.gov
FU USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science (GEPES); National
Park Service (Everglades National Park) through Critical Ecosystems
Studies Initiative (CESI); US Army Corps of Engineers RECOVER Branch
FX This project was funded by the USGS Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystems Science (GEPES) effort, G. Ronnie Best, Coordinator; the
National Park Service (Everglades National Park) through the Critical
Ecosystems Studies Initiative (CESI); and the US Army Corps of Engineers
RECOVER Branch with direction from DeWitt Smith (NPS), Cheryl Buckingham
(USACE) and Sue Kemp (USACE). The paleoecological portion of this work
was conducted as part of National Park Service (NPS) Study number
EVER-00141. Everglades National Park also provided access to and
assistance with the hydrologic and salinity station data. We would like
to thank Christopher Bernhardt (USGS), Thomas Cronin (USGS), and two
anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments and suggestions, which
have improved this report. Bethany Stackhouse (USGS) created the study
area maps (Figs. 1 and 3). Numerous people have assisted in the
collection, processing and analyses of the USGS cores and in the
development of the modern analog salinity dataset including Robert
Halley (retired USGS), Charles W. Holmes (retired USGS), Joel Hudley
(University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill), James Murray (USGS),
Bethany Stackhouse (USGS), Jeffery Stone (University of Nebraska,
Lincoln), and Carleigh Trappe (former USGS contractor). Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 6
BP 1449
EP 1466
DI 10.1007/s12237-014-9783-8
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AR6WY
UT WOS:000343722700011
ER
PT J
AU Cullinane-Anthony, BL
Seefelt, NE
Corace, RG
Kashian, DM
Gehring, TM
AF Cullinane-Anthony, Bridget L.
Seefelt, Nancy E.
Corace, R. Gregory, III
Kashian, Daniel M.
Gehring, Thomas M.
TI Influence of residual forest patches on post-fire bird diversity
patterns in jack pine-dominated ecosystems of northern Lower Michigan
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Jack pine; Northern Lower Michigan; Biological legacies; Fire; Stringer;
Kirtland's warbler
ID KIRTLANDS WARBLER; MANAGEMENT; HABITAT; SUCCESSION; REFUGES; HISTORY;
FIRE
AB Stand-replacing fires are part of the natural disturbance regime that maintain jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forests of northern Lower Michigan. Currently, the occurrence and extent of wildfire is much reduced relative to the past and young jack pine plantations specifically managed for Kirtland's warbler (Setophaga kirtlandii Baird) are a prominent feature on the landscape. Stringers, or patches of residual prefire forest, are a unique feature left behind after wildfires which are not often accounted for in plantation management. In this study, we examined the ecological value of stringers from an avian biodiversity perspective by comparing bird assemblages found within stringers to those in the surrounding forest (non-stringers). Our objective was to answer two research questions: (I) do stringers have unique bird communities relative to the surrounding vegetation (forest or plantation)?; and (2) how much of the variation in bird communities can be explained by differences in vegetation structure and composition between stringers and non-stringers? We conducted breeding and non-breeding season point counts and used abundance data to compare bird species found within stringers and non-stringers at seven sites grouped by time since disturbance. Species richness was significantly higher (P = 0.01) in the stringers when the non-stringers were 30-40 years old, with 32 species discovered in the stringers and 29 species in the non-stringers. During the breeding season, bird assemblages differed between stringers and non-stringers when the non-stringers were <12 years old (multi-response permutation procedures; T = -10.11, A = 0.07, P = <0.00), but no differences were observed when non-stringers were 30-40 years old or >40 years old. Non-breeding bird communities differed between stringers and non-stringers only when the non-stringer was a recently planted (<5 years old) plantation (T = -2.15, A = 0.09, P = 0.02). Differences in bird assemblages appear to be driven by the vegetation structure of stringers and non-stringers where fires were recent, but increasing similarity in vegetation structure occurs with time since fire; over time the importance of stringers for avian biodiversity is reduced. Our results suggest that stringers are important for bird communities, especially in recently disturbed areas, and that these biological legacies should be considered where jack pine management attempts to emulate natural patterns and processes. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cullinane-Anthony, Bridget L.; Seefelt, Nancy E.; Gehring, Thomas M.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Corace, R. Gregory, III] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Seney Natl Wildlife Refuge, Seney, MI 49883 USA.
[Kashian, Daniel M.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA.
RP Cullinane-Anthony, BL (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
EM culli1bl@cmich.edu; seefe1ne@cmich.edu; Greg_Corace@fws.gov;
dkash@wayne.edu; gehri1tm@cmich.edu
FU Joint Fire Sciences Program; Seney National Wildlife Refuge; Seney
Natural History Association; Central Michigan University
FX This study was funded by the Joint Fire Sciences Program, Seney National
Wildlife Refuge, the Seney Natural History Association, and Central
Michigan University. We thank Patrick Farrell, Lorrin Ortman, Kristen
Walters, Kirlene Roberts, and Riaan Anthony for assistance in the field
and laboratory. The findings and conclusions in this article are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 7
U2 53
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 331
BP 93
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.08.003
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA AR8SH
UT WOS:000343844200012
ER
PT J
AU Saltzman, MR
Edwards, CT
Leslie, SA
Dwyer, GS
Bauer, JA
Repetski, JE
Harris, AG
Bergstrom, SM
AF Saltzman, Matthew R.
Edwards, Cole T.
Leslie, Stephen A.
Dwyer, Gary S.
Bauer, Jeffrey A.
Repetski, John E.
Harris, Anita G.
Bergstroem, Stig M.
TI Calibration of a conodont apatite-based Ordovician Sr-87/Sr-86 curve to
biostratigraphy and geochronology: Implications for stratigraphic
resolution
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID STRONTIUM ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY; BIODIVERSIFICATION EVENT GOBE;
LOWER-MIDDLE-ORDOVICIAN; SEA-LEVEL CHANGES; SEAWATER SR-87/SR-86;
SILURIAN IMPLICATIONS; EXCURSION MDICE; ND ISOTOPES; SR; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB The Ordovician Sr-87/Sr-86 isotope sea-water curve is well established and shows a decreasing trend until the mid-Katian. However, uncertainties in calibration of this curve to biostratigraphy and geochronology have made it difficult to determine how the rates of Sr-87/Sr-86 decrease may have varied, which has implications for both the stratigraphic resolution possible using Sr isotope stratigraphy and efforts to model the effects of Ordovician geologic events. We measured Sr-87/Sr-86 in conodont apatite in North American Ordovician sections that are well studied for conodont biostratigraphy, primarily in Nevada, Oklahoma, the Appalachian region, and Ohio Valley. Our results indicate that conodont apatite may provide an accurate medium for Sr isotope stratigraphy and strengthen previous reports that point toward a significant increase in the rate of fall in seawater Sr-87/Sr-86 during the Middle Ordovician Darriwilian Stage. Our Sr-87/Sr-86 results suggest that Sr isotope stratigraphy will be most useful as a high-resolution tool for global correlation in the mid-Darriwilian to mid-Sandbian, when the maximum rate of fall in Sr-87/Sr-86 is estimated at similar to 5.0-10.0 x 10(-5) per m.y. Variable preservation of conodont elements limits the precision for individual stratigraphic horizons. Replicate conodont analyses from the same sample differ by an average of similar to 4.0 x 10(-5) (the 2 sigma standard deviation is 6.2 x 10(-5)), which in the best case scenario allows for subdivision of Ordovician time intervals characterized by the highest rates of fall in Sr-87/Sr-86 at a maximum resolution of similar to 0.5-1.0 m.y. Links between the increased rate of fall in Sr-87/Sr-86 beginning in the mid-late Darriwilian (Phragmodus polonicus to Pygodus serra conodont zones) and geologic events continue to be investigated, but the coincidence with a long-term rise in sea level (Sauk-Tippecanoe megasequence boundary) and tectonic events (Taconic orogeny) in North America provides a plausible explanation for the changing magnitude and Sr-87/Sr-86 of the riverine Sr flux to the oceans.
C1 [Saltzman, Matthew R.; Edwards, Cole T.; Bergstroem, Stig M.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Leslie, Stephen A.] James Madison Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA.
[Dwyer, Gary S.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Div Earth & Ocean Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Bauer, Jeffrey A.] Shawnee State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Portsmouth, OH 45662 USA.
[Repetski, John E.; Harris, Anita G.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Saltzman, MR (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM saltzman.11@osu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0745452, EAR-0746181]
FX We thank Jeff Linder, Ken Foland, Amanda Howard, and Alexa Sedlacek for
help in the Radiogenic Isotope Laboratory at Ohio State University and
with sample preparation. Drew Coleman and Paul Fullagar are thanked for
training in and access to the Geochronology and Isotope Geochemistry
Laboratory at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. We thank
Nathaniel Warner and Jennifer Harkness for help in sample preparation at
Duke University. Walt Sweet and Ray Ethington provided access to
conodont collections. We thank Bryan Sell and Brad Cramer for general
discussions of Sr isotope stratigraphy and age dating. Funding was
provided in part by National Science Foundation grant EAR-0745452 to
Saltzman and EAR-0746181 to Leslie. We thank GSA Bulletin Editor
Christian Koeberl and Associate Editor Ken MacLeod and two anonymous
reviewers for making this a stronger contribution.
NR 125
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 25
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 11-12
BP 1551
EP 1568
DI 10.1130/B31038.1
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AR7KY
UT WOS:000343759600009
ER
PT J
AU DeLong, SB
Johnson, JPL
Whipple, KX
AF DeLong, Stephen B.
Johnson, Joel P. L.
Whipple, Kelin X.
TI Arroyo channel head evolution in a flash-flood-dominated discontinuous
ephemeral stream system
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID GULLY-EROSION; MIGRATION; SEDIMENT; KNICKPOINT; INITIATION; LANDSCAPE;
SOUTHWEST; NETWORKS; GEOMETRY; RETREAT
AB We study whether arroyo channel head retreat in dryland discontinuous ephemeral streams is driven by surface runoff, seepage erosion, mass wasting, or some combination of these hydrogeomorphic processes. We monitored precipitation, overland flow, soil moisture, and headcut migration over several seasonal cycles at two adjacent range-land channel heads in southern Arizona. Erosion occurred by headward retreat of vertical to overhanging faces, driven dominantly by surface runoff. No evidence exists for erosion caused by shallow-groundwater-related processes, even though similar theater-headed morphologies are sometimes attributed to seepage erosion by emerging groundwater. At our field site, vertical variation in soil shear strength influenced the persistence of the characteristic theater-head form. The dominant processes of erosion included removal of grains and soil aggregates during even very shallow (1-3 cm) overland flow events by runoff on vertical to overhanging channel headwalls, plunge-pool erosion during higher-discharge runoff events, immediate postrunoff wet mass wasting, and minor intra-event dry mass wasting on soil tension fractures developing subparallel to the head-wall. Multiple stepwise linear regression indicates that the migration rate is most strongly correlated with flow duration and total precipitation and is poorly correlated with peak flow depth or time-integrated flow depth. The studied channel heads migrated upslope with a self-similar morphologic form under a wide range of hydrological conditions, and the most powerful flash floods were not always responsible for the largest changes in landscape form in this environment.
C1 [DeLong, Stephen B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Johnson, Joel P. L.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Whipple, Kelin X.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
[Whipple, Kelin X.] Canadian Inst Adv Res, Toronto, ON M5G 1Z8, Canada.
RP DeLong, SB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM sdelong@usgs.gov
RI Johnson, Joel/B-8842-2012;
OI DeLong, Stephen/0000-0002-0945-2172
FU State of Arizona; U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Postdoctoral
Research Fellowships; Philecology Foundation of Fort Worth, Texas
FX This work was funded by research funding from the State of Arizona to K.
Whipple and by U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research
Fellowships to S. DeLong and J. Johnson. We thank the University of
Arizona for access to the field site. DeLong thanks the University of
Arizona Biosphere 2 for logistical and financial support through their
gift from the Philecology Foundation of Fort Worth, Texas. Field
assistance was provided by M. Rossi, C. Lin, K. and C. Johnson, W.
Henderson, and D. Malmon. D. Post generously introduced us to the field
site and provided invaluable historical context, and we appreciate his
great enthusiasm, interest, and care for the field site. He also
performed the textural analyses. Thanks go to N. Avdievitch for
assistance with figures. We thank M. Nichols and K. Schmidt for very
helpful reviews of an early version of this manuscript. We thank G.
Tucker, F. Rengers, and an anonymous reviewer for helpful reviews.
NR 52
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 20
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 11-12
BP 1683
EP 1701
DI 10.1130/B31064.1
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AR7KY
UT WOS:000343759600016
ER
PT J
AU Crawford, JT
Stanley, EH
Spawn, SA
Finlay, JC
Loken, LC
Striegl, RG
AF Crawford, John T.
Stanley, Emily H.
Spawn, Seth A.
Finlay, Jacques C.
Loken, Luke C.
Striegl, Robert G.
TI Ebullitive methane emissions from oxygenated wetland streams
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon dioxide; ebullition; methane; rivers; upscaling; wetlands
ID CARBON-DIOXIDE; ORGANIC-MATTER; AMAZONIAN FLOODPLAIN; ALLEQUASH BASIN;
INLAND WATERS; FRESH-WATER; LAKE; SEDIMENTS; FLUXES; GASES
AB Stream and river carbon dioxide emissions are an important component of the global carbon cycle. Methane emissions from streams could also contribute to regional or global greenhouse gas cycling, but there are relatively few data regarding stream and river methane emissions. Furthermore, the available data do not typically include the ebullitive (bubble-mediated) pathway, instead focusing on emission of dissolved methane by diffusion or convection. Here, we show the importance of ebullitive methane emissions from small streams in the regional greenhouse gas balance of a lake and wetland-dominated landscape in temperate North America and identify the origin of the methane emitted from these well-oxygenated streams. Stream methane flux densities from this landscape tended to exceed those of nearby wetland diffusive fluxes as well as average global wetland ebullitive fluxes. Total stream ebullitive methane flux at the regional scale (103MgCyr(-1); over 6400km(2)) was of the same magnitude as diffusive methane flux previously documented at the same scale. Organic-rich stream sediments had the highest rates of bubble release and higher enrichment of methane in bubbles, but glacial sand sediments also exhibited high bubble emissions relative to other studied environments. Our results from a database of groundwater chemistry support the hypothesis that methane in bubbles is produced in anoxic near-stream sediment porewaters, and not in deeper, oxygenated groundwaters. Methane interacts with other key elemental cycles such as nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur, which has implications for ecosystem changes such as drought and increased nutrient loading. Our results support the contention that streams, particularly those draining wetland landscapes of the northern hemisphere, are an important component of the global methane cycle.
C1 [Crawford, John T.; Loken, Luke C.; Striegl, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Crawford, John T.; Stanley, Emily H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Spawn, Seth A.] St Olaf Coll, Northfield, MN 55057 USA.
[Finlay, Jacques C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Crawford, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM jtcrawford@wisc.edu
RI Finlay, Jacques/B-6081-2011;
OI Finlay, Jacques/0000-0002-7968-7030; Loken, Luke/0000-0003-3194-1498;
Stanley, Emily/0000-0003-4922-8121; Spawn, Seth/0000-0001-8821-5345
FU National Science Foundation, NTL LTER [DEB-0822700]; U.S. Geological
Survey Water, Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets Program
FX We thank Nick Gubbins and Brian Theisen for valuable assistance in the
field and laboratory. Krista Hood and Brent Olson helped maintain field
instrumentation and stream gages. We thank Kimberly Wickland and two
anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments that helped to improve the
manuscript. This material is based upon work supported by the National
Science Foundation under Cooperative Agreement #DEB-0822700, NTL LTER.
Additional funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Water,
Energy and Biogeochemical Budgets Program. Any use of trade or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 81
TC 19
Z9 20
U1 14
U2 86
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 11
BP 3408
EP 3422
DI 10.1111/gcb.12614
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR7MC
UT WOS:000343762800011
PM 24756991
ER
PT J
AU Lamont, MM
Fujisaki, I
Carthy, RR
AF Lamont, Margaret M.
Fujisaki, I.
Carthy, Raymond R.
TI Estimates of vital rates for a declining loggerhead turtle (Caretta
caretta) subpopulation: implications for management
SO MARINE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SEA-TURTLES; CUMBERLAND-ISLAND; POPULATION-MODEL;
CONSERVATION; SURVIVAL; REMIGRATION; PATTERNS; ATLANTIC; USA
AB Because subpopulations can differ geographically, genetically and/or phenotypically, using data from one subpopulation to derive vital rates for another, while often unavoidable, is not optimal. We used a two-state open robust design model to analyze a 14-year dataset (1998-2011) from the St. Joseph Peninsula, Florida (USA; 29.748A degrees, -85.400A degrees) which is the densest loggerhead (Caretta caretta) nesting beach in the Northern Gulf of Mexico subpopulation. For these analyses, 433 individuals were marked of which only 7.2 % were observed re-nesting in the study area in subsequent years during the study period. Survival was estimated at 0.86 and is among the highest estimates for all subpopulations in the Northwest Atlantic population. The robust model estimated a nesting assemblage size that ranged from 32 to 230 individuals each year with an annual average of 110. The model estimates indicated an overall population decline of 17 %. The results presented here for this nesting group represent the first estimates for this subpopulation. These data provide managers with information specific to this subpopulation that can be used to develop recovery plans and conduct subpopulation-specific modeling exercises explicit to the challenges faced by turtles nesting in this region.
C1 [Lamont, Margaret M.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Fujisaki, I.] Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Davie, FL USA.
[Carthy, Raymond R.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Lamont, MM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM mlamont@usgs.gov
FU Department of Defense, Eglin Air Force Base
FX The Department of Defense, Eglin Air Force Base provided funding for
this project. We are especially grateful to B. Hagedorn, B. Miller and
K. Gault from EAFB for their continued support. We acknowledge M.
Schaefbauer, E. McMichael, R. Scarpino, B. Stephens and C. Hackett for
overseeing field duties and the countless interns who have assisted in
data collection. This work was conducted under the State of Florida
Marine Turtle Permit #094 issued to R. Carthy. All turtle handling and
sampling was performed according to the University of Florida's
Institutional Animal Care Protocols (IACUC-A621). The authors declare
that we have no conflicts of interest. Any use of trade, product or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 74
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 34
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0025-3162
EI 1432-1793
J9 MAR BIOL
JI Mar. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 161
IS 11
BP 2659
EP 2668
DI 10.1007/s00227-014-2537-0
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AR9TN
UT WOS:000343919800017
ER
PT J
AU Rush, D
Jaeschke, A
Geenevasen, JAJ
Tegelaar, E
Pureveen, J
Lewan, MD
Schouten, S
Damste, JSS
AF Rush, Darci
Jaeschke, Andrea
Geenevasen, Jan A. J.
Tegelaar, Erik
Pureveen, Jos
Lewan, Michael D.
Schouten, Stefan
Damste, Jaap S. Sinninghe
TI Generation of unusual branched long chain alkanes from hydrous pyrolysis
of anammox bacterial biomass
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Anammox; Hydrous pyrolysis; Ladderane; Branched long chain alkanes; NMR
ID ANAEROBIC AMMONIUM OXIDATION; OXYGEN MINIMUM ZONE; OCEANIC ANOXIC EVENT;
ARTIFICIAL MATURATION; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; LADDERANE
LIPIDS; ORGANIC-MATTER; SEDIMENTS; MEMBRANE
AB Anammox, the microbial anaerobic oxidation of NH4+ by NO2 to produce N-2, is recognised as a key process in the marine, freshwater and soil N cycles, and has been found to be a major sink for fixed inorganic N in the ocean. Ladderane lipids are unique anammox bacterial membrane lipids used as biomarkers for such bacteria in recent and past environmental settings. However, their fate during diagenesis and early catagenesis is not well constrained. In this study, hydrous pyrolysis experiments were performed on anammox bacterial biomass and the generated aliphatic hydrocarbons, present in oil generated at 220-365 degrees C, were analysed. A unique class of hydrocarbons was detected, and a representative component was isolated and rigorously identified using 2D nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. It consisted of C-24 to C-31 branched long chain alkanes with two internal ethyl and/or propyl substituents. The alkanes were generated above 260 degrees C, with maximum generation at 320 and 335 degrees C. Their stable carbon isotopic values were depleted in C-13, similar to carbon isotope values of the original anammox lipids, indicating that they were thermal products generated from lipids of anammox bacterial biomass. A range of sediments from different geological periods where anammox may have been an important process was screened for the presence of these compounds as possible catagenetic products. They were not detected, either because the concentration was too low, or the sediments screened were too immature for them to have been generated, or because the artificially produced products of anammox lipids may not reflect the natural diagenetic and catagenetic products of ladderane lipids. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Rush, Darci; Jaeschke, Andrea; Schouten, Stefan; Damste, Jaap S. Sinninghe] Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NIOZ Royal, Dept Marine Organ Biogeochem, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands.
[Geenevasen, Jan A. J.] Univ Amsterdam, vant Hoff Inst Mol Sci, NMR Dept, NL-1090 GS Amsterdam, Netherlands.
[Tegelaar, Erik; Pureveen, Jos] Shell Global Solut Int, NL-2288 GS Rijswijk, Netherlands.
[Lewan, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Rush, D (reprint author), Newcastle Univ, Sch Civil Engn & Geosci, Drummond Bldg, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
EM darci.rush@ncl.ac.uk
RI Sinninghe Damste, Jaap/F-6128-2011; Jaeschke, Andrea/B-8799-2017
OI Sinninghe Damste, Jaap/0000-0002-8683-1854;
FU Darwin Center for Biogeosciences [DW-2014-1006]
FX We would like to thank W. Abma and Paques BV (Balk, The Netherlands) for
providing the anammox cell material. We also kindly thank M. Baas, M.
Kienhuis and J. Ossebaar for assistance with prep-GC, and R. van Bommel
and M. Verweij for work with GC-CI-MS. Further thanks go to R. Dekker at
Shell for assistance with 2D GC-MS software and D. Menzel for providing
GC-MS data. We gratefully acknowledge G. D. Love, and an anonymous
referee for comments, which assisted in improving the manuscript. The
work was partially funded by the Darwin Center for Biogeosciences by a
grant to J. S. S. D. (publication number DW-2014-1006).
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 76
BP 136
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.08.002
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR8GM
UT WOS:000343813800012
ER
PT J
AU Wahlisch, M
Stooke, PJ
Karachevtseva, IP
Kirk, R
Oberst, J
Willner, K
Nadejdina, IA
Zubarev, AE
Konopikhin, AA
Shingareva, KB
AF Waehlisch, M.
Stooke, P. J.
Karachevtseva, I. P.
Kirk, R.
Oberst, J.
Willner, K.
Nadejdina, I. A.
Zubarev, A. E.
Konopikhin, A. A.
Shingareva, K. B.
TI Phobos and Deimos cartography
SO PLANETARY AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Phobos; Deimos; Planetary mapping; Viking; Mars Express
ID SURFACE-FEATURES; SMALL SATELLITES; OBJECTS; SHAPES; MODELS; ATLAS;
MARS; MAP
AB This paper presents an overview of developments in the cartography of the Martian moons Phobos and Deimos from the early satellite images to recent maps based on data from past and on-going Mars missions, especially Viking and Mars Express. We describe in detail the definition and use of special projections for these irregular-shaped bodies. New controlled Phobos mosaics and a topographic atlas in a scale of 1: 50,000 derived from images of the High Resolution Stereo Camera/Super Resolution Channel (HRSC/SRC) camera on Mars Express are presented. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Waehlisch, M.; Oberst, J.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Planetary Res, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Stooke, P. J.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Geog, London, ON N6A 5C2, Canada.
[Karachevtseva, I. P.; Nadejdina, I. A.; Zubarev, A. E.; Konopikhin, A. A.; Shingareva, K. B.] Moscow State Univ Geodesy, Moscow 105064, Russia.
[Karachevtseva, I. P.; Nadejdina, I. A.; Zubarev, A. E.; Konopikhin, A. A.] Cartog MIIGAiK, Moscow 105064, Russia.
[Kirk, R.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Oberst, J.; Willner, K.] Tech Univ Berlin, Inst Geodesy & Geoinformat Sci, D-10623 Berlin, Germany.
RP Wahlisch, M (reprint author), German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Planetary Res, Rutherfordstr 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
EM Marita.Waehlisch@dlr.de
FU Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation
[11.G34.31.0021]; Russian Foundation for Basic Research [11-05-91323];
Mars Express team at German Aerospace Center (DLR)
FX I. P. Karachevtseva, I. A. Nadejdina, A. E. Zubarev, A. A Konopikhin, K
B. Shingareva, and J. Oberst have been supported by a grant from the
Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation (Agreement
no. 11.G34.31.0021 dd.30/11/2010) and Russian Foundation for Basic
Research (Contract no. 11-05-91323).; The author wishes to thank the
team of the European Space Operations Center Darmstadt for their
successful execution of the many Mars Express Phobos flyby maneuvers,
without which this paper would not have been possible. The author
gratefully acknowledges the support of the Mars Express team at German
Aerospace Center (DLR), especially the help of K-D. Matz.
NR 56
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0032-0633
J9 PLANET SPACE SCI
JI Planet Space Sci.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 102
SI SI
BP 60
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.pss.2013.05.012
PG 14
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AR8QD
UT WOS:000343838800008
ER
PT J
AU Krieger, L
Peacock, JR
AF Krieger, Lars
Peacock, Jared R.
TI MTpy: A Python toolbox for magnetotellurics
SO COMPUTERS & GEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Magnetotellurics; Data processing; Python toolbox; Software; Open source
ID GALVANIC DISTORTION; RESPONSE FUNCTION; PHASE TENSOR; INVARIANTS;
PARAMETERS; INVERSION
AB We present the software package MTpy that allows handling, processing, and imaging of magnetotelluric (MT) data sets. Written in Python, the code is open source, containing sub-packages and modules for various tasks within the standard MT data processing and handling scheme. Besides the independent definition of classes and functions, MTpy provides wrappers and convenience scripts to call standard external data processing and modelling software.
In its current state, modules and functions of MTpy work on raw and pre-processed MT data. However, opposite to providing a static compilation of software, we prefer to introduce MTpy as a flexible software toolbox, whose contents can be combined and utilised according to the respective needs of the user. Just as the overall functionality of a mechanical toolbox can be extended by adding new tools, MTpy is a flexible framework, which will be dynamically extended in the future. Furthermore, it can help to unify and extend existing codes and algorithms within the (academic) MT community.
In this paper, we introduce the structure and concept of MTpy. Additionally, we show some examples from an everyday work-flow of MT data processing: the generation of standard EDI data files from raw electric (E-) and magnetic flux density (B-) field time series as input, the conversion into MiniSEED data format, as well as the generation of a graphical data representation in the form of a Phase Tensor pseudosection. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Krieger, Lars] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
[Peacock, Jared R.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Krieger, L (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, N Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.
EM lars.krieger@adelaide.edu.au; jpeacock@usgs.gov
RI Krieger, Lars/B-7732-2014
OI Krieger, Lars/0000-0002-1832-8245
FU South Australian Centre for Geothermal Energy Research (SACGER) at the
University of Adelaide; Australia's Information and Communications
Technology Research Centre of Excellence (NICTA); Australian Government;
Australian Research Council through the ICT Centre of Excellence program
FX The development of MTpy has been supported by the South Australian
Centre for Geothermal Energy Research (SACGER) at the University of
Adelaide and Australia's Information and Communications Technology
Research Centre of Excellence (NICTA). NICTA is funded by the Australian
Government as represented by the Department of Broadband, Communications
and the Digital Economy (now the Department of Communications) and the
Australian Research Council through the ICT Centre of Excellence
program.
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0098-3004
EI 1873-7803
J9 COMPUT GEOSCI-UK
JI Comput. Geosci.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 72
BP 167
EP 175
DI 10.1016/j.cageo.2014.07.013
PG 9
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Computer Science; Geology
GA AR5NQ
UT WOS:000343631600014
ER
PT J
AU Carley, TL
Miller, CF
Wooden, JL
Padilla, AJ
Schmitt, AK
Economos, RC
Bindeman, IN
Jordan, BT
AF Carley, Tamara L.
Miller, Calvin F.
Wooden, Joseph L.
Padilla, Abraham J.
Schmitt, Axel K.
Economos, Rita C.
Bindeman, Ilya N.
Jordan, Brennan T.
TI Iceland is not a magmatic analog for the Hadean: Evidence from the
zircon record
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Iceland; Hadean; zircon; felsic petrogenesis; trace elements; oxygen
isotopes
ID NUVVUAGITTUQ GREENSTONE-BELT; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE RATIOS; ALID VOLCANIC
CENTER; JACK HILLS ZIRCONS; TI-IN-ZIRCON; TRACE-ELEMENT; DETRITAL
ZIRCONS; CONTINENTAL-CRUST; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; ION MICROPROBE
AB Tangible evidence of Earth's earliest (Hadean; >4.0 Ga) crust, and the processes and materials that contributed to its formation, exists almost entirely in a record of detrital zircon from Jack Hills, Western Australia, and a few other locations. Iceland, with its thick, juvenile, basaltic crust and relatively abundant silicic rocks, is considered a potential modern analog for the Hadean magmatic environment where >4 Ga zircon formed. We present the first extensive dataset for Icelandic zircon, with trace element and oxygen isotope compositions from samples that span the island's history and full range of tectonic settings. This statistically robust zircon-based comparison between Iceland and the early Earth reveals distinctions in chemistry that suggest fundamental differences in magmatic environments. Whereas the delta O-18 signature of Hadean zircons generally exceed that of zircons equilibrated with mantle-derived magma (85%>= 5.3700; median 6 parts per thousand), almost all Icelandic zircons are characterized by a "light" oxygen signature (98%<= 5.3 parts per thousand; median 3 parts per thousand). Deviations from "juvenile" oxygen values indicate that many Hadean zircons and almost all Icelandic zircons grew from magmas with substantial contributions from materials that had interacted with surface waters. In the Hadean case, the interaction occurred at low temperatures, while in Iceland, it was a high-temperature interaction. Icelandic and Hadean zircons are also distinct in their Ti concentrations (Icelandic median concentration 12 ppm, Hadean median 5 ppm). Titanium in zircon correlates positively with temperature of crystallization, and this difference in median Ti concentration suggests a temperature difference of at least 50 degrees C. Other differences in trace elements compositions are consistent with the interpretation that Icelandic and Hadean zircons grew in magmas with very different origins and histories (e.g., the heavy rare earth element Yb is almost an order of magnitude higher in Icelandic zircon). A comparison with elemental data for Phanerozoic zircon from different environments demonstrates that the Hadean population is unusually depleted in Ti, but otherwise similar to zircons from continental arc settings. Zircons from Iceland, and from modern evolving rift environments where oceanic lithosphere and upwelling asthenosphere are replacing continental lithosphere, are compositionally intermediate between mid-ocean ridge and continental arc zircon populations. The elemental distinctions are consistent with fractionation of zircon-bearing magmas under hotter and drier conditions in Icelandic, mid-ocean ridge, and evolving rift environments and cooler and wetter conditions in arc and, especially, Hadean environments. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carley, Tamara L.; Miller, Calvin F.; Padilla, Abraham J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Wooden, Joseph L.] Stanford Univ, US Geol Survey, SHRIMP Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Schmitt, Axel K.; Economos, Rita C.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth Planetary & Space Sci, WM Keck Fdn Ctr Isotope Geochem, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Bindeman, Ilya N.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Jordan, Brennan T.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Earth Sci, Akeley Lawrence Sci Ctr, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
RP Carley, TL (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, PMB 351805,2301 Vanderbilt Pl, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM carleyt@lafayette.edu; Calvin.miller@vanderbilt.edu;
jwooden@stanford.edu; Abraham.d.padilla@vanderbilt.edu;
axel@oro.ess.ucla.edu; economos@ucla.edu; bindeman@uoregon.edu;
Brennan.jordan@usd.edu
RI UCLA, SIMS/A-1459-2011;
OI Schmitt, Axel/0000-0002-9029-4211
FU NSF [DGE-0909667, EAR 1220523, EAR-CAREER 0844772]; NSF Division of
Earth Sciences Instrumentation and Facilities Program; National
Geographic Society [9030-12]; Keck Geology Consortium
FX We greatly appreciate Olgeir Sigmarsson, Er la Vogler, Fridi GrImsson
and Tenley Banik for their guidance and support in the field. We thank
Matthew Coble, Brad Ito and Aaron Covey for their analytical assistance.
This work was made possible by generous funding from NSF Graduate
Research Fellowship DGE-0909667, NSF Research Grants EAR 1220523 and
EAR-CAREER 0844772, NSF Division of Earth Sciences Instrumentation and
Facilities Program, National Geographic Society Grant 9030-12, and the
Keck Geology Consortium. We thank editor T. Mark Harrison for his
guidance and input, as well as Aaron Cavosie and an anonymous reviewer
for their valuable feedback during the review process.
NR 97
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 3
U2 40
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 405
BP 85
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.08.015
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5LF
UT WOS:000343625500008
ER
PT J
AU Naftz, DL
Carling, GT
Angeroth, C
Freeman, M
Rowland, R
Pazmino, E
AF Naftz, David L.
Carling, Gregory T.
Angeroth, Cory
Freeman, Michael
Rowland, Ryan
Pazmino, Eddy
TI Density-Stratified Flow Events in Great Salt Lake, Utah, USA:
Implications for Mercury and Salinity Cycling
SO AQUATIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Terminal lakes; Mercury cycling; Hydroacoustics; Limnology; Salinity;
Western USA
ID SEA
AB Density stratification in saline and hypersaline water bodies from throughout the world can have large impacts on the internal cycling and loading of salinity, nutrients, and trace elements. High temporal resolution hydroacoustic and physical/chemical data were collected at two sites in Great Salt Lake (GSL), a saline lake in the western USA, to understand how density stratification may influence salinity and mercury (Hg) distributions. The first study site was in a causeway breach where saline water from GSL exchanges with less saline water from a flow restricted bay. Near-surface-specific conductance values measured in water at the breach displayed a good relationship with both flow and wind direction. No diurnal variations in the concentration of dissolved (<0.45 mu m) methylmercury (MeHg) were observed during the 24-h sampling period; however, the highest proportion of particulate Hg-total and MeHg loadings was observed during periods of elevated salinity. The second study site was located on the bottom of GSL where movement of a high-salinity water layer, referred to as the deep brine layer (DBL), is restricted to a naturally occurring 1.5-km-wide "spillway'' structure. During selected time periods in April/May, 2012, wind-induced flow reversals in a railroad causeway breach, separating Gunnison and Gilbert Bays, were coupled with high-velocity flow pulses (up to 55 cm/s) in the DBL at the spillway site. These flow pulses were likely driven by a pressure response of highly saline water from Gunnison Bay flowing into the north basin of Gilbert Bay. Short-term flow reversal events measured at the railroad causeway breach have the ability to move measurable amounts of salt and Hg from Gunnison Bay into the DBL. Future disturbance to the steady state conditions currently imposed by the railroad causeway infrastructure could result in changes to the existing chemical balance between Gunnison and Gilbert Bays. Monitoring instruments were installed at six additional sites in the DBL during October 2012 to assess impacts from any future modifications to the railroad causeway.
C1 [Naftz, David L.] US Geol Survey, Wyoming Montana Water Sci Ctr, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[Carling, Gregory T.; Pazmino, Eddy] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Angeroth, Cory; Freeman, Michael; Rowland, Ryan] US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
RP Naftz, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wyoming Montana Water Sci Ctr, 3162 Bozeman Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
EM dlnaftz@usgs.gov
OI Pazmino, Eddy/0000-0001-8872-4860
FU Utah Department of Natural Resources/Division of Wildlife Resources;
Utah Department of Natural Resources/Division of Forestry, Fire, and
State Lands; USGS; National Science Foundation [DGE08-41233]
FX This paper is dedicated to Dr. Blair Jones who passed away in March
2014. Blair was affectionately known as the "Brine Monster" to many of
his colleagues and was most recognized for his seminal work on the
geochemistry of Great Salt Lake during his 50+ year career with the U.S.
Geological Survey. Use of brand names in this article is for
identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the
USGS, Brigham Young University, or the University of Utah. Funding for
this study was provided by the Utah Department of Natural
Resources/Division of Wildlife Resources, Utah Department of Natural
Resources/Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands, and the USGS. In
addition, Greg Carling was funded by National Science Foundation GK-12
Grant Number DGE08-41233. Kimberly Beisner and Patrick Lambert with the
U.S. Geological Survey, and two anonymous reviewers provided many
helpful suggestions and comments.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 19
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1380-6165
EI 1573-1421
J9 AQUAT GEOCHEM
JI Aquat. Geochem.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 6
BP 547
EP 571
DI 10.1007/s10498-014-9237-8
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ9BK
UT WOS:000343135500001
ER
PT J
AU Sinsabaugh, RL
Belnap, J
Findlay, SG
Shah, JJF
Hill, BH
Kuehn, KA
Kuske, CR
Litvak, ME
Martinez, NG
Moorhead, DL
Warnock, DD
AF Sinsabaugh, Robert L.
Belnap, Jayne
Findlay, Stuart G.
Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad
Hill, Brian H.
Kuehn, Kevin A.
Kuske, Cheryl R.
Litvak, Marcy E.
Martinez, Noelle G.
Moorhead, Daryl L.
Warnock, Daniel D.
TI Extracellular enzyme kinetics scale with resource availability
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecological stoichiometry; Extracellular enzymes; Enzyme kinetics;
Microbial community; Microbial metabolism
ID SOIL ORGANIC-MATTER; CARBON-MONOXIDE CONSUMPTION; METHANE-OXIDIZING
BACTERIA; ECOENZYMATIC STOICHIOMETRY; RIVERINE BACTERIOPLANKTON;
TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY; EXOPROTEOLYTIC ACTIVITY; THEORETICAL-MODEL;
TROPHIC GRADIENT; SIZE FRACTIONS
AB Microbial community metabolism relies on external digestion, mediated by extracellular enzymes that break down complex organic matter into molecules small enough for cells to assimilate. We analyzed the kinetics of 40 extracellular enzymes that mediate the degradation and assimilation of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus by diverse aquatic and terrestrial microbial communities (1160 cases). Regression analyses were conducted by habitat (aquatic and terrestrial), enzyme class (hydrolases and oxidoreductases) and assay methodology (low affinity and high affinity substrates) to relate potential reaction rates to substrate availability. Across enzyme classes and habitats, the scaling relationships between apparent V-max and apparent K-m followed similar power laws with exponents of 0.44 to 0.67. These exponents, called elasticities, were not statistically distinct from a central value of 0.50, which occurs when the K-m of an enzyme equals substrate concentration, a condition optimal for maintenance of steady state. We also conducted an ecosystem scale analysis of ten extracellular hydrolase activities in relation to soil and sediment organic carbon (2,000-5,000 cases/enzyme) that yielded elasticities near 1.0 (0.9 +/- A 0.2, n = 36). At the metabolomic scale, the elasticity of extracellular enzymatic reactions is the proportionality constant that connects the C:N:P stoichiometries of organic matter and ecoenzymatic activities. At the ecosystem scale, the elasticity of extracellular enzymatic reactions shows that organic matter ultimately limits effective enzyme binding sites. Our findings suggest that one mechanism by which microbial communities maintain homeostasis is regulating extracellular enzyme expression to optimize the short-term responsiveness of substrate acquisition. The analyses also show that, like elemental stoichiometry, the fundamental attributes of enzymatic reactions can be extrapolated from biochemical to community and ecosystem scales.
C1 [Sinsabaugh, Robert L.; Litvak, Marcy E.; Martinez, Noelle G.; Warnock, Daniel D.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Findlay, Stuart G.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA.
[Shah, Jennifer J. Follstad] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Hill, Brian H.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
[Kuehn, Kevin A.] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA.
[Kuske, Cheryl R.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Moorhead, Daryl L.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
RP Sinsabaugh, RL (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM rlsinsab@unm.edu
FU NSF Ecosystem Sciences program [DEB-0918718]; Sevilleta LTER Program;
NSF [DEB-0315686, DBI-0420965, DBI-0521018]; Michigan Sea Grant College
Program under NOAA [NA76RG0133]; DOE BER Science Focus Area grant; DOE
BER [DE-SC0008088]
FX RLS acknowledges support from the NSF Ecosystem Sciences program
(DEB-0918718) and the Sevilleta LTER Program. KAK acknowledges support
from NSF (DEB-0315686, DBI-0420965, DBI-0521018) and the Michigan Sea
Grant College Program (NA76RG0133) under NOAA. CRK acknowledges support
from a DOE BER Science Focus Area grant. MEL and RLS acknowledge support
from DOE BER Grant number DE-SC0008088. Mention of trade names or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation
for use.
NR 94
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 22
U2 123
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 121
IS 2
BP 287
EP 304
DI 10.1007/s10533-014-0030-y
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AQ9BL
UT WOS:000343135800001
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, AG
Beauchamp, DA
AF Hansen, Adam G.
Beauchamp, David A.
TI Effects of prey abundance, distribution, visual contrast and morphology
on selection by a pelagic piscivore
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE pelagic; piscivore; predator-prey interactions; prey selection; visual
detection
ID SMELT SPIRINCHUS-THALEICHTHYS; ALEWIFE ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; LAKE
WASHINGTON; CUTTHROAT TROUT; FISH COMMUNITY; LONGFIN SMELT;
PLANKTIVOROUS FISHES; NEOMYSIS-MERCEDIS; FORAGING MODEL; DIET ANALYSIS
AB 1. Most predators eat only a subset of possible prey. However, studies evaluating diet selection rarely measure prey availability in a manner that accounts for temporal-spatial overlap with predators, the sensory mechanisms employed to detect prey, and constraints on prey capture.
2. We evaluated the diet selection of cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) feeding on a diverse planktivore assemblage in Lake Washington to test the hypothesis that the diet selection of piscivores would reflect random (opportunistic) as opposed to non-random (targeted) feeding, after accounting for predator-prey overlap, visual detection and capture constraints.
3. Diets of cutthroat trout were sampled in autumn 2005, when the abundance of transparent, age-0 longfin smelt (Spirinchus thaleichthys) was low, and 2006, when the abundance of smelt was nearly seven times higher. Diet selection was evaluated separately using depth-integrated and depth-specific (accounted for predator-prey overlap) prey abundance. The abundance of different prey was then adjusted for differences in detectability and vulnerability to predation to see whether these factors could explain diet selection.
4. In 2005, cutthroat trout fed non-randomly by selecting against the smaller, transparent age-0 longfin smelt, but for the larger age-1 longfin smelt. After adjusting prey abundance for visual detection and capture, cutthroat trout fed randomly. In 2006, depth-integrated and depth-specific abundance explained the diets of cutthroat trout well, indicating random feeding. Feeding became non-random after adjusting for visual detection and capture. Cutthroat trout selected strongly for age-0 longfin smelt, but against similar sized threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) and larger age-1 longfin smelt in 2006. Overlap with juvenile sockeye salmon (O. nerka) was minimal in both years, and sockeye salmon were rare in the diets of cutthroat trout.
5. The direction of the shift between random and non-random selection depended on the presence of a weak versus a strong year class of age-0 longfin smelt. These fish were easy to catch, but hard to see. When their density was low, poor detection could explain their rarity in the diet. When their density was high, poor detection was compensated by higher encounter rates with cutthroat trout, sufficient to elicit a targeted feeding response. The nature of the feeding selectivity of a predator can be highly dependent on fluctuations in the abundance and suitability of key prey.
C1 [Hansen, Adam G.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Hansen, AG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM aghans@uw.edu
FU Claire L. and Evelyn S. Egtvedt Fellowship - University of Washington's
School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; Gerald J. Paulik Memorial Fund -
University of Washington's School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences;
Fisheries Graduate Fund - University of Washington's School of Aquatic
and Fishery Sciences; Worthington Endowed Professorship - University of
Washington's School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences; U.S. Geological
Survey; University of Washington; Washington Department of Ecology;
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Washington Department of
Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Institute
FX We thank Tim Essington, Daniel Schindler and Aaron Wirsing for their
helpful discussion and constructive comments that improved this
manuscript. Funding for this work was provided by the Claire L. and
Evelyn S. Egtvedt Fellowship and the Gerald J. Paulik Memorial Fund and
Fisheries Graduate Fund to A. Hansen, and the Worthington Endowed
Professorship to D. Beauchamp, all granted by the University of
Washington's School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences. Animal handling
during the course of this study adhered to University of Washington
IACUC protocol 3286-21. The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey,
University of Washington, Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and
Wildlife, and Natural Resources, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the
Wildlife Institute. The use of trade, product or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 11
BP 2328
EP 2341
DI 10.1111/fwb.12436
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ8BP
UT WOS:000343047000010
ER
PT J
AU Nolen, MS
Magoulick, DD
Distefano, RJ
Imhoff, EM
Wagner, BK
AF Nolen, Matthew S.
Magoulick, Daniel D.
Distefano, Robert J.
Imhoff, Emily M.
Wagner, Brian K.
TI Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution
and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple
spatial scales
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE classification and regression trees; crayfish; endemic species; multiple
scales; species distribution modelling
ID SPRING RIVER DRAINAGE; WATER CALCIUM-CONCENTRATION; INVASIVE CRAYFISH;
UNITED-STATES; LIFE-HISTORY; HABITAT USE; ORCONECTES-EUPUNCTUS; NATIVE
CRAYFISHES; DWELLING CRAYFISH; MISSOURI
AB 1. Crayfishes and other freshwater aquatic fauna are particularly at risk globally due to anthropogenic demand, manipulation and exploitation of freshwater resources and yet are often understudied. The Ozark faunal region of Missouri and Arkansas harbours a high level of aquatic biological diversity, especially in regard to endemic crayfishes. Three such endemics, Orconectes eupunctus, Orconectes marchandi and Cambarus hubbsi, are threatened by limited natural distribution and the invasions of Orconectes neglectus.
2. We examined how natural and anthropogenic abiotic factors influence these three species across multiple spatial scales. Local and landscape environmental variables were used as predictors in classification and regression tree models at stream segment and segmentshed scales to determine their relation to presence/absence and density of the three species.
3. Orconectes eupunctus presence was positively associated with stream size, current velocity and spring flow volume. Orconectes marchandi presence was predicted primarily by dolomite geology and water chemistry variables. Cambarus hubbsi was associated with larger stream size, with highest densities occurring in deep waters. Stream segment and segmentshed scale models were similar, but there were important differences based on species and response variables (presence/absence versus density). Stream segment scale models consistently performed better than or equal to segmentshed scale models.
4. Anthropogenic abiotic environmental variables were of minor importance in most models, with the exception of O. marchandi being negatively related to road density and human population density. Classification tree models predicting distribution performed well when compared to random assignment, but regression trees were generally poor in explaining variation in density.
5. We found that a range of environmental variables were important in predicting crayfish distribution and abundance at multiple spatial scales and their importance was species-, response variable- and scale dependent. We would encourage others to examine the influence of spatial scale on species distribution and abundance patterns.
C1 [Nolen, Matthew S.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Magoulick, Daniel D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Distefano, Robert J.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Columbia, MO USA.
[Imhoff, Emily M.] Thomas More Coll, Biol Field Stn, California, KY USA.
[Wagner, Brian K.] Arkansas Game & Fish Commiss, Little Rock, AR USA.
RP Magoulick, DD (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM danmag@uark.edu
FU Missouri Department of Conservation
FX Funding was provided by Missouri Department of Conservation. T. Pittman,
D. Lynch and S. Longing provided helpful advice and suggestions. M.
Evans-White, A. Brown, S. Brewer and J. Westhoff provided helpful
comments on the manuscript. B. Garrison, A. Edmondson, J. Stroman, S.
Amiot, K. Bradley, J. Brittain, B. Freeland-Riggert, L. Johnson, S.
Kircher, H. Ladd, M. Moore, J. Murry, S. Olsen, D. Swedberg and M.
Vincenti provided field assistance. Any use of trade, firm or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 43
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 11
BP 2374
EP 2389
DI 10.1111/fwb.12442
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ8BP
UT WOS:000343047000014
ER
PT J
AU Maftei, M
Davis, SE
Uher-Koch, BD
Gesmundo, C
Suydam, R
Mallory, ML
AF Maftei, Mark
Davis, Shanti E.
Uher-Koch, Brian D.
Gesmundo, Callie
Suydam, Robert
Mallory, Mark L.
TI Quantifying fall migration of Ross's gulls (Rhodostethia rosea) past
Point Barrow, Alaska
SO POLAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ross's gull; Rhodostethia rosea; Migration; Survey; Point Barrow;
Alaska; Trans-Beringian
AB The Ross's gull (Rhodostethia rosea) is a poorly known seabird of the circumpolar Arctic. The only place in the world where Ross's gulls are known to congregate is in the near-shore waters around Point Barrow, Alaska, where they undertake an annual passage in late fall. Ross's gulls seen at Point Barrow are presumed to originate from nesting colonies in Siberia, but neither their origin nor their destination has been confirmed. Current estimates of the global population of Ross's gulls are based largely on expert opinion, and the only reliable population estimate is derived from extrapolations from previous counts conducted at Point Barrow, but these data are now over 25 years old. In order to update and clarify the status of this species in Alaska, our study quantified the timing, number, and flight direction of Ross's gulls passing Point Barrow in 2011. We recorded up to two-thirds of the estimated global population of Ross's gulls (a parts per thousand yen27,000 individuals) over 39 days with numbers peaking on 16 October when we observed over 7,000 birds during a 3-h period.
C1 [Maftei, Mark; Davis, Shanti E.] High Arctic Gull Res Grp, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada.
[Uher-Koch, Brian D.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Gesmundo, Callie] High Arctic Gull Res Grp, Kalamazoo, MI 49001 USA.
[Suydam, Robert] North Slope Borough Dept Wildlife Management, Barrow, AK USA.
[Mallory, Mark L.] Acadia Univ, Dept Biol, High Arctic Gull Res Grp, Wolfville, NS B4P 2R6, Canada.
RP Maftei, M (reprint author), High Arctic Gull Res Grp, Bamfield, BC V0R 1B0, Canada.
EM mark.maftei@gmail.com
RI Mallory, Mark/A-1952-2017
OI Mallory, Mark/0000-0003-2744-3437
FU North Slope Borough Department of Wildlife Management
FX The authors wish to thank George Divoky for his invaluable insight into
the design of this study. We are also grateful for the very generous
logistical support provided by the North Slope Borough Department of
Wildlife Management, and we specifically wish to thank Taqulik Hepa and
Craig George for their assistance. This study was made possible by a
grant from the Canadian Wildlife Federation Endangered Species Program.
We also thank Canada Goose Inc. for providing field supplies. Finally,
we wish to thank Paul Flint and George Divoky for their thoughtful
comments and suggestions in reviewing this manuscript.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 21
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4060
EI 1432-2056
J9 POLAR BIOL
JI Polar Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 11
BP 1705
EP 1710
DI 10.1007/s00300-014-1552-4
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ9DA
UT WOS:000343141300013
ER
PT J
AU Ewing, R
Hamidi, S
Gallivan, F
Nelson, AC
Grace, JB
AF Ewing, Reid
Hamidi, Shima
Gallivan, Frank
Nelson, Arthur C.
Grace, James B.
TI Structural equation models of VMT growth in US urbanised areas
SO URBAN STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE compact development; road use pricing; transportation investments;
vehicle miles travelled
ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT; EMPIRICAL-EVIDENCE; TRAVEL BEHAVIOR; DEMAND;
ELASTICITIES; CONSUMPTION; DESIGN; IMPACT; FORM
AB Vehicle miles travelled (VMT) is a primary performance indicator for land use and transportation, bringing with it both positive and negative externalities. This study updates and refines previous work on VMT in urbanised areas, using recent data, additional metrics and structural equation modelling (SEM). In a cross-sectional model for 2010, population, income and freeway capacity are positively related to VMT, while gasoline prices, development density and transit service levels are negatively related. Findings of the cross-sectional model are generally confirmed in a more tightly controlled longitudinal study of changes in VMT between 2000 and 2010, the first model of its kind. The cross-sectional and longitudinal models together, plus the transportation literature generally, give us a basis for generalising across studies to arrive at elasticity values of VMT with respect to different urban variables.
C1 [Ewing, Reid; Hamidi, Shima; Nelson, Arthur C.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
[Gallivan, Frank] ICF Int, Fairfax, VA USA.
[Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
RP Ewing, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept City & Metropolitan Planning, Coll Architecture & Planning, 220 AAC, Salt Lake City, UT 84103 USA.
EM ewing@arch.utah.edu
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 16
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0042-0980
EI 1360-063X
J9 URBAN STUD
JI Urban Stud.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 14
BP 3079
EP 3096
DI 10.1177/0042098013516521
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies
GA AR0GL
UT WOS:000343247700009
ER
PT J
AU Barnard, PL
van Ormondt, M
Erikson, LH
Eshleman, J
Hapke, C
Ruggiero, P
Adams, PN
Foxgrover, AC
AF Barnard, Patrick L.
van Ormondt, Maarten
Erikson, Li H.
Eshleman, Jodi
Hapke, Cheryl
Ruggiero, Peter
Adams, Peter N.
Foxgrover, Amy C.
TI Development of the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) for predicting
the impact of storms on high-energy, active-margin coasts
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Modeling; Storms; Inundation; Erosion; Cliff; Beach; Hazards
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; WAVE CLIMATE; OCEAN; PROJECTIONS;
TRANSPORT; EROSION; 21ST-CENTURY; BEACHES
AB The Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) applies a predominantly deterministic framework to make detailed predictions (meter scale) of storm-induced coastal flooding, erosion, and cliff failures over large geographic scales (100s of kilometers). CoSMoS was developed for hindcast studies, operational applications (i.e., nowcasts and multiday forecasts), and future climate scenarios (i.e., sea-level rise + storms) to provide emergency responders and coastal planners with critical storm hazards information that may be used to increase public safety, mitigate physical damages, and more effectively manage and allocate resources within complex coastal settings. The prototype system, developed for the California coast, uses the global WAVEWATCH III wave model, the TOPEX/Poseidon satellite altimetry-based global tide model, and atmospheric-forcing data from either the US National Weather Service (operational mode) or Global Climate Models (future climate mode), to determine regional wave and water-level boundary conditions. These physical processes are dynamically downscaled using a series of nested Delft3D-WAVE (SWAN) and Delft3D-FLOW (FLOW) models and linked at the coast to tightly spaced XBeach (eXtreme Beach) cross-shore profile models and a Bayesian probabilistic cliff failure model. Hindcast testing demonstrates that, despite uncertainties in preexisting beach morphology over the similar to 500 km alongshore extent of the pilot study area, CoSMoS effectively identifies discrete sections of the coast (100s of meters) that are vulnerable to coastal hazards under a range of current and future oceanographic forcing conditions, and is therefore an effective tool for operational and future climate scenario planning.
C1 [Barnard, Patrick L.; Erikson, Li H.; Foxgrover, Amy C.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[van Ormondt, Maarten] Deltares Delft Hydraul, NL-2600 MH Delft, Netherlands.
[Eshleman, Jodi] Natl Pk Serv, Geol Resources Div, Nat Resource Program Ctr, Lakewood, CO USA.
[Hapke, Cheryl] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Ruggiero, Peter] Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Adams, Peter N.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Barnard, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM pbarnard@usgs.gov
RI Adams, Peter/I-5315-2016;
OI Adams, Peter/0000-0002-3158-3259; Ruggiero, Peter/0000-0001-7425-9953
FU US Geological Survey; Deltares; NOAA; National Park Service; California
Department of Parks and Recreation, Division of Boating and Waterways;
US Army Corps of Engineers
FX The authors wish to thank the US Geological Survey, Deltares, NOAA, and
the National Park Service for funding this research. Early peer reviews
of CoSMoS were provided by Jim Bailard, Rebecca Beavers, Carolynn Box,
Kate Dallas, Lesley Ewing, Doug George, Bob Guza, Dan Hanes, Jeff
Hansen, Dan Hoover, Jeff List, Bill O'Reilly, Dano Roelvink, Julie
Thomas, and Dirk-Jan Walstra. PNA thanks Jessica Lovering for assistance
with LST gradient calculations. Torrey Pines beach survey data and
concurrent nearshore wave predictions were provided by Scripps
Institution of Oceanography and were funded by the California Department
of Parks and Recreation, Division of Boating and Waterways, and the US
Army Corps of Engineers. The most up-to-date information on CoSMoS,
including study areas, methods, model results, and publications, can be
found at http://walrus.wr.usgs.gov/coastal_processes/cosmos/index.html.
NR 64
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 74
IS 2
BP 1095
EP 1125
DI 10.1007/s11069-014-1236-y
PG 31
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA AQ6HD
UT WOS:000342910400042
ER
PT J
AU Youn, SJ
Taylor, WW
Lynch, AJ
Cowx, IG
Beard, TD
Bartley, D
Wu, F
AF Youn, So-Jung
Taylor, William W.
Lynch, Abigail J.
Cowx, Ian G.
Beard, T. Douglas, Jr.
Bartley, Devin
Wu, Felicia
TI Inland capture fishery contributions to global food security and threats
to their future
SO GLOBAL FOOD SECURITY-AGRICULTURE POLICY ECONOMICS AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Food; Nutrition; Freshwater fish; Micronutrients; Inland capture
fisheries
AB Inland fish and fisheries play important roles in ensuring global food security. They provide a crucial source of animal protein and essential micronutrients for local communities, especially in the developing world. Data concerning fisheries production and consumption of freshwater fish are generally inadequately assessed, often leading decision makers to undervalue their importance. Modification of inland waterways for alternative uses of freshwater (particularly dams for hydropower and water diversions for human use) negatively impacts the productivity of inland fisheries for food security at local and regional levels. This paper highlights the importance of inland fisheries to global food security. the challenges they face due to competing demands for freshwater, and possible solutions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Youn, So-Jung; Taylor, William W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Lynch, Abigail J.; Beard, T. Douglas, Jr.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Cowx, Ian G.] Univ Hull, Hull Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull, Yorks, England.
[Bartley, Devin] Food & Agr Org United Nation, Dept Fisheries & Aquaculture, Rome, Italy.
[Wu, Felicia] Michigan State Univ, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Taylor, WW (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM taylorw@msu.edu
OI Lynch, Abigail J./0000-0001-8449-8392
NR 99
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2211-9124
J9 GLOB FOOD SECUR-AGR
JI Glob. Food Secur.-Agric.Policy
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 3
IS 3-4
BP 142
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.gfs.2014.09.005
PG 7
WC Food Science & Technology
SC Food Science & Technology
GA V42EG
UT WOS:000209596500004
ER
PT J
AU Drenth, BJ
AF Drenth, Benjamin J.
TI Geophysical expression of a buried niobium and rare earth element
deposit: The Elk Creek carbonatite, Nebraska, USA
SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Article
ID GRAVITY
AB The lower Paleozoic Elk Creek carbonatite is a 6-8-km-diameter intrusive complex buried under 200 m of sedimentary rocks in southeastern Nebraska. It hosts the largest known niobium deposit in the U.S. and a rare earth element (REE) deposit. The carbonatite is composed of several lithologies, the relations of which are poorly understood. Niobium mineralization is most enriched within a magnetite beforsite (MB) unit, and REE oxides are most concentrated in a barite beforsite unit. The carbonatite intrudes Proterozoic country rocks. Efforts to explore the carbonatite have used geophysical data and drilling. A high-resolution airborne gravity gradient and magnetic survey was flown over the carbonatite in 2012. The carbonatite is associated with a roughly annular vertical gravity gradient high and a subdued central low and a central magnetic high surrounded by magnetic field values lower than those over the country rocks. Geophysical, borehole, and physical property data are combined for an interpretation of these signatures. The carbonatite is denser than the country rocks, explaining the gravity gradient high. Most carbonatite lithologies have weaker magnetic susceptibilities than those of the country rocks, explaining why the carbonatite does not produce a magnetic high at its margin. The primary source of the central magnetic high is interpreted to be mafic rocks that are strongly magnetized and are present in large volumes. MB is very dense (mean density 3200 kg/m(3)) and strongly magnetized (median 0.073 magnetic susceptibility), producing a gravity gradient high and contributing to the aeromagnetic high. Barite beforsite has physical properties similar to most of the carbonatite volume, making it a poor geophysical target. Geophysical anomalies indicate the presence of dense and strongly magnetized rocks at depths below existing boreholes, either a large volume of MB or another unknown lithology.
C1 US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Drenth, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM bdrenth@usgs.gov
FU Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX Niocorp Developments Ltd. (formerly Quantum Rare Earth Developments
Corp.) is thanked for generously allowing access to their airborne
geophysical data, and allowing publication of images generated from the
data. R. Kettler and M. Joeckel of the University of Nebraska and
Nebraska Geological Survey are thanked for facilitating storage of, and
access to, the public-domain core samples and legacy data. A.
McCafferty, E. Cunion, N. McCallum, P. Verplanck, and B. Van Gosen
provided important support, information, and perspective. Thoughtful
reviews from M. Thomas, J. Phillips, B. Van Gosen, J. Slate, and two
anonymous reviewers significantly improved the manuscript. This work was
supported by the Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
and organized under a project led by A. McCafferty.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 2324-8858
EI 2324-8866
J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB
JI Interpretation
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
BP SJ23
EP SJ33
DI 10.1190/INT-2014-0002.1
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA CV5AK
UT WOS:000364277400005
ER
PT J
AU McCafferty, AE
Stoeser, DB
Van Gosen, BS
AF McCafferty, Anne E.
Stoeser, Douglas B.
Van Gosen, Bradley S.
TI Geophysical interpretation of U, Th, and rare earth element
mineralization of the Bokan Mountain peralkaline granite complex, Prince
of Wales Island, southeast Alaska
SO Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-AMERICA; PETROGENESIS; GEOLOGY; PLUTON; NB
AB A prospectivity map for rare earth element (REE) mineralization at the Bokan Mountain peralkaline granite complex, Prince of Wales Island, southeastern Alaska, was calculated from high-resolution airborne gamma-ray data. The map displays areas with similar radioelement concentrations as those over the Dotson REE-vein-dike system, which is characterized by moderately high %K, eU, and eTh (%K, percent potassium; eU, equivalent parts per million uranium; and eTh, equivalent parts per million thorium). Gamma-ray concentrations of rocks that share a similar range as those over the Dotson zone are inferred to locate high concentrations of REE-bearing minerals. An approximately 1300-m-long prospective tract corresponds to shallowly exposed locations of the Dotson zone. Prospective areas of REE mineralization also occur in continuous swaths along the outer edge of the pluton, over known but undeveloped REE occurrences, and within discrete regions in the older Paleozoic country rocks. Detailed mineralogical examinations of samples from the Dotson zone provide a means to understand the possible causes of the airborne Th and U anomalies and their relation to REE minerals. Thorium is sited primarily in thorite. Uranium also occurs in thorite and in a complex suite of +/- Ti +/- Nb +/- Y oxide minerals, which include fergusonite, polycrase, and aeschynite. These oxides, along with Y-silicates, are the chief heavy REE (HREE)-bearing minerals. Hence, the eU anomalies, in particular, may indicate other occurrences of similar HREE-enrichment. Uranium and Th chemistry along the Dotson zone showed elevated U and total REEs east of the Camp Creek fault, which suggested the potential for increased HREEs based on their association with U-oxide minerals. A uranium prospectivity map, based on signatures present over the Ross-Adams mine area, was characterized by extremely high radioelement values. Known uranium deposits were identified in the U-prospectivity map, but the largest tract occurs over a radioelement-rich granite phase within the pluton that is likely not related to mineralization. Neither mineralization type displays a well-defined airborne magnetic signature.
C1 [McCafferty, Anne E.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Stoeser, Douglas B.; Van Gosen, Bradley S.] US Geol Survey, Cent Mineral & Environm Resources Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP McCafferty, AE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM anne@usgs.gov; dstoeser@usgs.gov; bvangose@usgs.gov
OI Van Gosen, Bradley/0000-0003-4214-3811
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 2324-8858
EI 2324-8866
J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB
JI Interpretation
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
BP SJ47
EP SJ63
DI 10.1190/INT-2014-0010.1
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA CV5AK
UT WOS:000364277400007
ER
PT J
AU Salem, A
Blakely, R
Green, C
Fairhead, D
Ravat, D
AF Salem, Ahmed
Blakely, Richard
Green, Chris
Fairhead, Derek
Ravat, Dhananjay
TI Estimation of depth to top of magnetic sources using the
local-wavenumber approach in an area of shallow Moho and Curie depth -
The Red Sea
SO Interpretation-A Journal of Subsurface Characterization
LA English
DT Article
ID BOUNDARY; GRAVITY
AB The local-wavenumber method estimates the depth to a magnetic source based on the spectral content of a single anomaly assuming that the base of the magnetic body is at infinite depth. However, the "infinite-depth" assumption can lead to significant underestimation of the depth to the top of magnetic bodies, especially in areas where the depth to the bottom of the magnetic layer is not large compared to the depth to the top, as would occur in high heat-flow regions and thinned continental margins. Such underestimation of depths has been demonstrated in model studies and using real data with seismic and well control. We evaluated a modification to the local-wavenumber approach to estimate the depth to the top of magnetic sources assuming that the depth to the bottom of the magnetic sources is controlled by the Curie temperature or crustal thickness. We applied this new method to a simple model of a continental margin and to magnetic survey data over the central Red Sea where the Curie isotherm is shallow. The effective structural index of this finite depth extent model is found to increase continuously from the continent to the ocean as the depth to the magnetic basement increases and the depth to the bottom of the magnetic layer decreases. We have also discovered in this study that the local-wavenumber maxima correlate well with major seafloor spreading magnetic reversal epochs in the central Red Sea segment.
C1 [Salem, Ahmed; Green, Chris; Fairhead, Derek] Getech, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Salem, Ahmed; Green, Chris; Fairhead, Derek] Univ Leeds, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Blakely, Richard] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Ravat, Dhananjay] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA.
RP Salem, A (reprint author), Getech, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
EM ahmedsalem30@yahoo.com; blakely@usgs.gov; cmg@getech.com;
jdf@getech.com; dhananjay.ravat@uky.edu
FU United States National Science Foundation [EAR-1246921]
FX We are grateful for comments by the associate editor, anonymous
reviewers, and the editor Y. Sun, which helped to improve the paper. We
are also indebted to S. Campbell for his discussion and comments on the
manuscript. D. Ravat thanks the United States National Science
Foundation (grant no. EAR-1246921) for his participation in this study.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 2324-8858
EI 2324-8866
J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB
JI Interpretation
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 2
IS 4
BP SJ1
EP SJ8
DI 10.1190/INT-2013-0196.1
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA CV5AK
UT WOS:000364277400003
ER
PT J
AU Houser, JD
Ginsberg, H
Jakob, EM
AF Houser, Jeremy D.
Ginsberg, Howard
Jakob, Elizabeth M.
TI Competition between introduced and native spiders (Araneae: Linyphiidae)
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Spiders; Web invasion; Interference competition; Invasive; Linyphia
triangularis
ID WEB-BUILDING SPIDERS; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; EXPERIMENTAL FIELD;
NONNATIVE SPIDERS; NEW-ZEALAND; THERIDIIDAE; ARANEIDAE; ABUNDANCE; PREY;
INVASION
AB The European sheet-web spider Linyphia triangularis (Araneae: Linyphiidae) has become established in Maine, where it often reaches very high densities. Two lines of evidence from previous work suggest that L. triangularis affects populations of the native linyphiid spider Frontinella communis. First, F. communis individuals are relatively scarce in both forest and coastal habitat where L. triangularis is common, but more common where L. triangularis is at low density. Second, in field experiments, F. communis species are less likely to settle in experimental plots when L. triangularis is present, and F. communis disappears from study plots when L. triangularis is introduced. Here we test two mechanisms that may underlie these patterns. First, we tested whether L. triangularis invades and usurps the webs of F. communis. When spiders were released onto webs of heterospecifics, L. triangularis was more likely to take over or share webs of F. communis than the reverse. We also observed natural takeovers of F. communis webs. Second, we explored the hypothesis that L. triangularis reduces prey availability for native species. We sampled flying prey in areas with L. triangularis and those where it had been removed, and found no effect of spider presence on measured prey density. We also found no effect of prey supplementation on web tenacity in F. communis, suggesting that F. communis movements are not highly dependent on prey availability. We conclude that web takeover is likely more important than prey reduction in driving negative effects of L. triangularis on F. communis.
C1 [Houser, Jeremy D.] Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Neurosci & Behav, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Ginsberg, Howard] Univ Rhode Isl, US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Coastal Field Stn, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Jakob, Elizabeth M.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Psychol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Jakob, EM (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Psychol, Tobin Hall, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
EM ejakob@psych.umass.edu
FU NIH; American Arachnological Society; National Park Service; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX We greatly appreciate helpful comments from reviewers of earlier
versions of the manuscript: R. Brodie, E. Clotfelter, S. Droege, K.
Fite, R. Harrington, S. Hoffmann, J. Podos, S. Partan, D. Pope and P.
Sievert. Special thanks to those who assisted with data collection: A.
Porter, C. Skow, J. Bednarski, M. Gorski, and V. Johnson. We thank the
staff at Acadia National Park, especially D. Manski, B. Connery, E.
Pontbriand, and B. Wiedner, for assistance throughout this project and
for permission to work at Schoodic. M. Bierman, J. McKenna, and the
staff of the Schoodic Education and Research Center provided crucial
logistic support. We are grateful to D. Jennings for advice and
encouragement throughout this project. We thank the following funding
sources: an NIH predoctoral training fellowship to J. D. H, a research
grant from the American Arachnological Society to J. D. H, and a grant
from the National Park Service and U.S. Geological Survey to J. D. H.,
E. M. J., and Daniel Jennings. Use of trade or product names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 34
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 11
BP 2479
EP 2488
DI 10.1007/s10530-014-0679-0
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ0RJ
UT WOS:000342490100019
ER
PT J
AU Li, MJ
Wang, TG
Shi, SB
Liu, KY
Ellis, GS
AF Li, Meijun
Wang, T. -G.
Shi, Shengbao
Liu, Keyu
Ellis, Geoffrey S.
TI Benzo[b]naphthothiophenes and alkyl dibenzothiophenes: Molecular tracers
for oil migration distances
SO MARINE AND PETROLEUM GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dibenzothiophene; Benzonaphthothiophene; Migration; Distance
ID SOUTH CHINA SEA; PYRROLIC NITROGEN-COMPOUNDS; PETROLEUM SOURCE ROCKS;
TARIM BASIN; CRUDE OILS; NW CHINA; LIAOHE BASIN; HETEROCYCLIC-COMPOUNDS;
MATURITY INDICATORS; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS
AB The secondary migration of petroleum is one of the most critical geological processes responsible for the accumulation of hydrocarbons in a sedimentary basin. Pyrrolic nitrogen compounds such as carbazoles and benzocarbazoles are thought to be practical molecular indicators for estimating relative migration distances of oil. In light oils or condensates, however, considerable analytical errors are usually caused by low concentrations of NSO-compounds. Here we show that polycyclic sulfur aromatic hydrocarbons such as dibenzothiophene, C-1 similar to C-3 alkylated dibenzothiophenes and benzo[b]naphthothiophenes, which are present in relatively higher concentrations than the pyrrolic nitrogen compounds, exhibit changes in both absolute and relative concentrations that correlate with migration distances. The polycyclic sulfur aromatic hydrocarbons related parameters - benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene/{benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene + benzo[b]naphtho[1,2-d]thiophene} (abbreviated as [2,1]BNT/([2,1]BNT+[1,2]BNT) and the concentration of total dibenzothiophenes plus benzo[b]naphthothiophenes - are proposed by this paper to trace the oil migration distances. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Meijun; Wang, T. -G.; Shi, Shengbao] China Univ Petr, Coll Geosci, State Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China.
[Liu, Keyu] CSIRO Earth Sci & Resource Engn, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
[Ellis, Geoffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Cent Energy Resources Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Li, MJ (reprint author), China Univ Petr, Coll Geosci, State Key Lab Petr Resources & Prospecting, Beijing 102249, Peoples R China.
EM meijunli2008@hotmail.com
OI Li, Meijun/0000-0002-7141-6068; Ellis, Geoffrey/0000-0003-4519-3320
FU Natural Sciences Foundation of China [41272158]; State Key Laboratory of
Petroleum Resources and Prospecting [PRPDX-200801]; Science Foundation
of China University of Petroleum (Beijing) [KYJJ2012-01-03]
FX This research was supported by grants from the Natural Sciences
Foundation of China (Grant No. 41272158), the State Key Laboratory of
Petroleum Resources and Prospecting (Grant No. PRPDX-200801), and the
Science Foundation of China University of Petroleum (Beijing) (Grant No.
KYJJ2012-01-03). This manuscript benefited greatly from discussions with
Dr. Paul G. Lillis from the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors would like to
thank Dr. Barry Bennett and Dr. Lorenz and three anonymous reviewers for
their comments and constructive suggestions which significantly improved
the quality of this paper.
NR 57
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0264-8172
EI 1873-4073
J9 MAR PETROL GEOL
JI Mar. Pet. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 57
BP 403
EP 417
DI 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2014.06.012
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ1GO
UT WOS:000342530100025
ER
PT J
AU Huo, B
Xie, CX
Madenjian, CP
Ma, BS
Yang, XF
Huang, HP
AF Huo, Bin
Xie, Cong Xin
Madenjian, Charles Paul
Ma, Bao Shan
Yang, Xue Feng
Huang, Hai Ping
TI Feeding habits of an endemic fish, Oxygymnocypris stewartii, in the
Yarlung Zangbo River in Tibet, China
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Oxygymnocypris stewartii; Feeding habits; Seasonal diet shift;
Size-related diet shift; Predator-prey size relationship
ID ONTOGENIC NICHE SHIFTS; CYPRINIDAE SCHIZOTHORACINAE; ECOLOGICAL
CONSEQUENCES; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; GRAPHICAL
ANALYSIS; TSANGPO RIVER; PREDATOR; DIET; LAKE
AB Feeding habits of Oxygymnocypris stewartii were investigated based on monthly sampling in the Yarlung Zangbo River from August 2008 to August 2009. The gut contents of 194 individuals were analysed and quantified with numerical and gravimetric methods. This species can be considered a generalized and opportunistic predator feeding both on teleosts and aquatic insects. A multivariate analysis revealed noticeable variation in O. stewartii diet composition with fish size and season. The smaller specimens fed primarily on Cobitidae and Hydropsychidae. As they grew, Cyprinidae and Chironomidae larvae became important prey. The preferred food items were teleosts in summer and autumn. For winter and spring, the predominant prey switched to chironomidae larvae. Diet composition did not significantly vary between the sexes. Finally, a significant and positive correlation between predator and prey length was found. These findings provide the fundamental information better understanding the role of this important endemic species in the Yarlung Zangbo River food web.
C1 [Huo, Bin; Xie, Cong Xin; Yang, Xue Feng; Huang, Hai Ping] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Ma, Bao Shan] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yangtze River Fisheries Res Inst, Wuhan 430223, Hubei, Peoples R China.
[Huo, Bin; Madenjian, Charles Paul] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Xie, CX (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Fisheries, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, Peoples R China.
EM xiecongxin@mail.hzau.edu.cn
FU Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of the
Ministry of Agriculture of the People's Republic of China [201203086]
FX We are grateful to Xiaoming Jiang for his assistance and cooperation in
carrying out the present study. This study is funded by Special Fund for
Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest of the Ministry of
Agriculture of the People's Republic of China (201203086). Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is
contribution 1809 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center. This study was conducted according to "Instructive notions with
respect to caring for laboratory animals", issued by the Ministry of
Science and technology of the People's Republic of China.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 11
BP 1279
EP 1293
DI 10.1007/s10641-013-0213-8
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AP9UB
UT WOS:000342424600007
ER
PT J
AU Colgan, JP
Henry, CD
John, DA
AF Colgan, Joseph P.
Henry, Christopher D.
John, David A.
TI Evidence for Large-Magnitude, Post-Eocene Extension in the Northern
Shoshone Range, Nevada, and Its Implications for the Structural Setting
of Carlin-Type Gold Deposits in the Lower Plate of the Roberts Mountains
Allochthon
SO ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST-CENTRAL NEVADA; ASH-FLOW CALDERAS; CAULDRON SUBSIDENCE; TECTONIC
EVOLUTION; MIOCENE EXTENSION; CAETANO CALDERA; VOLCANIC FIELD; NORMAL
FAULTS; GREAT-BASIN; DETACHMENT
AB The northern Shoshone and Toiyabe Ranges in north-central Nevada expose numerous areas of mineralized Paleozoic rock, including major Carlin-type gold deposits at Pipeline and Cortez. Paleozoic rocks in these areas were previously interpreted to have undergone negligible postmineralization extension and tilting, but here we present new data that suggest major post-Eocene extension along west-dipping normal faults. Tertiary rocks in the northern Shoshone Range crop out in two W-NW-trending belts that locally overlie and intrude highly deformed Lower Paleozoic rocks of the Roberts Mountains allochthon. Tertiary exposures in the more extensive, northern belt were interpreted as subvertical breccia pipes (intrusions), but new field data indicate that these "pipes" consist of a 35.8 Ma densely welded dacitic ash flow tuff (informally named the tuff of Mount Lewis) interbedded with sandstones and coarse volcaniclastic deposits. Both tuff and sedimentary rocks strike N-S and dip 30 degrees to 70 degrees E; the steeply dipping compaction foliation in the tuffs was interpreted as subvertical flow foliation in breccia pipes. The southern belt along Mill Creek, previously mapped as undivided welded tuff, includes the tuff of Cove mine (34.4 Ma) and unit B of the Bates Mountain Tuff (30.6 Ma). These tuffs dip 30 to 50 east, suggesting that their west-dipping contacts with underlying Paleozoic rocks (previously mapped as depositional) are normal faults. Tertiary rocks in both belts were deposited on Paleozoic basement and none appear to be breccia pipes. We infer that their present east tilt is due to extension on west-dipping normal faults. Some of these faults may be the northern strands of middle Miocene (ca. 16 Ma) faults that cut and tilted the 34.0 Ma Caetano caldera similar to 40 degrees east in the central Shoshone Range (<5 km south of Mill Creek), but further mapping is necessary to trace the faults through the highly deformed Paleozoic rocks that surround the isolated Tertiary outcrops. Significant post-Eocene extensional faulting in the northern Shoshone Range may have important implications for both the structure of the Roberts Mountains allochthon and the exposure of potentially mineralized rocks in its lower plate, both of which were likely east-tilted and repeated by west-dipping faults together with overlying Tertiary rocks.
C1 [Colgan, Joseph P.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Henry, Christopher D.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Bur Mines & Geol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[John, David A.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Colgan, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Bldg 25,POB 25046, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM jcolgan@usgs.gov
OI Colgan, Joseph/0000-0001-6671-1436; John, David/0000-0001-7977-9106
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 29
PU SOC ECONOMIC GEOLOGISTS, INC
PI LITTLETON
PA 7811 SCHAFFER PARKWAY, LITTLETON, CO 80127 USA
SN 0361-0128
EI 1554-0774
J9 ECON GEOL
JI Econ. Geol.
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 109
IS 7
BP 1843
EP 1862
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AP5KK
UT WOS:000342117900002
ER
PT J
AU Young, CJ
Liu, SG
Schumacher, JA
Schumacher, TE
Kaspar, TC
McCarty, GW
Napton, D
Jaynes, DB
AF Young, Claudia J.
Liu, Shuguang
Schumacher, Joseph A.
Schumacher, Thomas E.
Kaspar, Thomas C.
McCarty, Gregory W.
Napton, Darrell
Jaynes, Dan B.
TI Evaluation of a model framework to estimate soil and soil organic carbon
redistribution by water and tillage using Cs-137 in two US Midwest
agricultural fields
SO GEODERMA
LA English
DT Article
DE Erosion; Deposition; Water erosion; Tillage; Cs-137; Organic carbon
ID SPATIAL-PATTERNS; DEM RESOLUTION; LOSS EQUATION; IOWA FARMS; EROSION;
YIELD; RATES; PREDICTION; DEPOSITION; IMPACT
AB Cultivated lands in the U.S. Midwest have been affected by soil erosion, causing soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution in the landscape and other environmental and agricultural problems. The importance of SOC redistribution on soil productivity and crop yield, however, is still uncertain. In this study, we used a model framework, which includes the Unit Stream Power-based Erosion Deposition (USPED) and the Tillage Erosion Prediction (TEP) models, to understand the soil and SOC redistribution caused by water and tillage erosion in two agricultural fields in the U.S. Midwest. This model framework was evaluated for different digital elevation model (DEM) spatial resolutions (10-m, 24-m, 30-m, and 56-m) and topographic exponents (m = 1.0-1.6 and n = 1.0-13) using soil redistribution rates from Cs-137 measurements. The results showed that the aggregated 24-m DEM, m = 1.4 and n = 1.0 for rill erosion, and m = 1.0 and n = 1.0 for sheet erosion, provided the best fit with the observation data at both sites. Moreover, estimated average SOC redistributions were 13 +/- 9.8 g C m(-2) yr(-1) in field site 1 and 3.6 +/- 14.3 g C m(-2) yr(-1) in field site 2. Spatial distribution patterns showed SOC loss (negative values) in the eroded areas and SOC gain (positive value) in the deposition areas. This study demonstrated the importance of the spatial resolution and the topographic exponents to estimate and map soil redistribution and the SOC dynamics throughout the landscape, helping to identify places where erosion and deposition from water and tillage are occurring at high rates. Additional research is needed to improve the application of the model framework for use in local and regional studies where rainfall erosivity and cover management factors vary. Therefore, using this model framework can help to improve the information about the spatial distribution of soil erosion across agricultural landscapes and to gain a better understanding of SOC dynamics within eroding and previously eroded fields. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Young, Claudia J.] ERT Inc, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Young, Claudia J.; Liu, Shuguang] USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Schumacher, Joseph A.; Schumacher, Thomas E.; Napton, Darrell] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Kaspar, Thomas C.; Jaynes, Dan B.] USDA ARS, Natl Lab Agr & Environm, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[McCarty, Gregory W.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
RP Young, CJ (reprint author), ERT Inc, USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM cyoung@usgs.gov
OI Young, Claudia J/0000-0002-0859-7206
FU USGS [G10PC00044]
FX This study was part of the USGS Land Carbon project. The work of C.J.
Young (ERT, Inc.) was performed under USGS contract G10PC00044. We thank
Yiping Wu for an internal review of this manuscript and for providing
some suggestions for improvement. We also thank Thomas Adamson for
editing the document to improve English usage and grammar. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 68
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 7
U2 65
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
EI 1872-6259
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD NOV
PY 2014
VL 232
BP 437
EP 448
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.05.019
PG 12
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA AN1AS
UT WOS:000340315700042
ER
PT J
AU Gillan, JK
Karl, JW
Duniway, M
Elaksher, A
AF Gillan, Jeffrey K.
Karl, Jason W.
Duniway, Michael
Elaksher, Ahmed
TI Modeling vegetation heights from high resolution stereo aerial
photography: An application for broad-scale rangeland monitoring
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Rangeland monitoring; Photogrammetry; Vegetation height; Digital terrain
model; Remote sensing
ID LIDAR; IMAGERY; INVENTORY; COVER; DISK; CLASSIFICATION; COMMUNITIES;
FOREST; USA
AB Vertical vegetation structure in rangeland ecosystems can be a valuable indicator for assessing rangeland health and monitoring riparian areas, post-fire recovery, available forage for livestock, and wildlife habitat. Federal land management agencies are directed to monitor and manage rangelands at landscapes scales, but traditional field methods for measuring vegetation heights are often too costly and time consuming to apply at these broad scales. Most emerging remote sensing techniques capable of measuring surface and vegetation height (e.g., LiDAR or synthetic aperture radar) are often too expensive, and require specialized sensors. An alternative remote sensing approach that is potentially more practical for managers is to measure vegetation heights from digital stereo aerial photographs. As aerial photography is already commonly used for rangeland monitoring, acquiring it in stereo enables three-dimensional modeling and estimation of vegetation height. The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and accuracy of estimating shrub heights from high-resolution (HR, 3-cm ground sampling distance) digital stereo-pair aerial images. Overlapping HR imagery was taken in March 2009 near Lake Mead, Nevada and 5-cm resolution digital surface models (DSMs) were created by photogrammetric methods (aerial triangulation, digital image matching) for twenty-six test plots. We compared the heights of individual shrubs and plot averages derived from the DSMs to field measurements. We found strong positive correlations between field and image measurements for several metrics. Individual shrub heights tended to be underestimated in the imagery, however, accuracy was higher for dense, compact shrubs compared with shrubs with thin branches. Plot averages of shrub height from DSMs were also strongly correlated to field measurements but consistently underestimated. Grasses and forbs were generally too small to be detected with the resolution of the DSMs. Estimates of vertical structure will be more accurate in plots having low herbaceous cover and high amounts of dense shrubs. Through the use of statistically derived correction factors or choosing field methods that better correlate with the imagery, vegetation heights from HR DSMs could be a valuable technique for broad-scale rangeland monitoring needs. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gillan, Jeffrey K.; Karl, Jason W.] New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Duniway, Michael] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Elaksher, Ahmed] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Engn Technol & Surveying Engn, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Gillan, JK (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, USDA ARS, Jornada Expt Range, POB 30003,MSC 3JER, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jgillan@nmsu.edu
OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785
FU USDA-NRCS Conservation Effects Assessment Project (CEAP)
FX This project was funded, in part, through the USDA-NRCS Conservation
Effects Assessment Project (CEAP). We are grateful for assistance
provided by staff at the National Park Service Lake Mead National
Recreation Area and Mojave Desert Network. M. Mattocks and N. Baquera
assisted in collection of the field data. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 46
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 10
U2 109
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD NOV 1
PY 2014
VL 144
BP 226
EP 235
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.05.028
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AM6YL
UT WOS:000340011800027
PM 24973611
ER
PT J
AU Starns, HD
Ricca, MA
Duarte, A
Weckerly, FW
AF Starns, Heath D.
Ricca, Mark A.
Duarte, Adam
Weckerly, Floyd W.
TI Climatic and density influences on recruitment in an irruptive
population of Roosevelt elk
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE California; Cervus elaphus roosevelti; demography; population dynamics;
ungulate; vital rate
ID BLACK-TAILED DEER; RED DEER; LARGE-HERBIVORE; DIETARY QUALITY; TULE ELK;
DYNAMICS; CALIFORNIA; REPRODUCTION; UNGULATE; GROWTH
AB Current paradigms of ungulate population ecology recognize that density-dependent and independent mechanisms are not always mutually exclusive. Long-term data sets are necessary to assess the relative strength of each mechanism, especially when populations display irruptive dynamics. Using an 18-year time series of population abundances of Roosevelt elk (Cervus elaphus roosevelti) inhabiting Redwood National Park in northwestern California we assessed the influence of population size and climatic variation on elk recruitment and whether irruptive dynamics occurred. An information-theoretic model selection analysis indicated that abundance lagged 2 years and neither climatic factors nor a mix of abundance and climatic factors influenced elk recruitment. However, density-dependent recruitment differed between when the population was declining and when the population increased and then stabilized at an abundance lower than at the start of the decline. The population displayed irruptive dynamics.
C1 [Starns, Heath D.; Duarte, Adam; Weckerly, Floyd W.] SW Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Ricca, Mark A.] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Weckerly, FW (reprint author), SW Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM fw11@txstate.edu
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Redwood National Park; Rocky
Mountain Elk Foundation; Alamo Safari Club; Granite Bay Safari Club;
Houston Safari Club; Texas State University
FX Funding for this long-term research was provided by California
Department of Fish and Wildlife, Redwood National Park, Rocky Mountain
Elk Foundation, Alamo Safari Club, Granite Bay Safari Club, Houston
Safari Club, and Texas State University. We thank Redwood National and
State parks for their assistance and cooperation over the years and to
the many park biologists that assisted in data collection. R. Keleher,
J. Hunt, D. Lancaster, M. Longoria, R. Luna, M. O'Dell, K. Richardson,
S. Robinson, S. Shelton, G. Street, and D. Wolcott assisted the authors
on counts.
NR 53
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 26
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD OCT 31
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 925
EP 932
DI 10.1644/13-MAMM-A-313
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AT3LX
UT WOS:000344837400002
ER
PT J
AU Carleton, MD
Gardner, AL
Pavunov, IY
Musser, GG
AF Carleton, Michael D.
Gardner, Alfred L.
Pavunov, Igor Ya.
Musser, Guy G.
TI The valid generic name for red-backed voles (Muroidea: Cricetidae:
Arvicolinae): restatement of the case for Myodes Pallas, 1811
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Clethrionomys; Evotomys; Lemmus; nomenclature; taxonomy
ID RODENTIA; GENUS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; PHYLOGENY; NUCLEAR
AB In view of contradictions in the recent literature, the valid genus-group name to be applied to northern red-backed voles-Myodes Pallas, 1811, or Clethrionomys Tilesius, 1850-is reviewed. To develop the thesis that Myodes (type species, Mus rutilus Pallas, 1779) is the correct name, our discussion explores the 19th-century taxonomic works that bear on the relevant taxa, the transition in zoological codes apropos the identification of type species, and past nomenclatural habits in cases where no type species was originally indicated. We conclude that Myodes is the senior name to use for the genus-group taxon that includes the Holarctic species rutilus and frame this conclusion within a synonymy of the genus.
C1 [Carleton, Michael D.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Mammal Div, MRC 108, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Gardner, Alfred L.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Biol Survey Unit, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Pavunov, Igor Ya.] Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Zool Museum Moscow, Moscow 125009, Russia.
[Musser, Guy G.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool Mammal, New York, NY 10024 USA.
RP Carleton, MD (reprint author), Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Mammal Div, MRC 108, 10th St & Constitut Ave, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
EM carletonm@si.edu
NR 119
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 10
PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD OCT 31
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 5
BP 943
EP 959
DI 10.1644/14-MAMM-A-004
PG 17
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AT3LX
UT WOS:000344837400004
ER
PT J
AU Penman, TD
Collins, L
Syphard, AD
Keeley, JE
Bradstock, RA
AF Penman, Trent D.
Collins, Luke
Syphard, Alexandra D.
Keeley, Jon E.
Bradstock, Ross A.
TI Influence of Fuels, Weather and the Built Environment on the Exposure of
Property to Wildfire
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WILDLAND-URBAN INTERFACE; SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; BAYESIAN BELIEF
NETWORKS; UNITED-STATES; FIRE BEHAVIOR; SYDNEY REGION; CALIFORNIA
SHRUBLANDS; RELATIVE IMPORTANCE; AERIAL SUPPRESSION; SPATIAL-PATTERNS
AB Wildfires can pose a significant risk to people and property. Billions of dollars are spent investing in fire management actions in an attempt to reduce the risk of loss. One of the key areas where money is spent is through fuel treatment - either fuel reduction (prescribed fire) or fuel removal (fuel breaks). Individual treatments can influence fire size and the maximum distance travelled from the ignition and presumably risk, but few studies have examined the landscape level effectiveness of these treatments. Here we use a Bayesian Network model to examine the relative influence of the built and natural environment, weather, fuel and fuel treatments in determining the risk posed from wildfire to the wildland-urban interface. Fire size and distance travelled was influenced most strongly by weather, with exposure to fires most sensitive to changes in the built environment and fire parameters. Natural environment variables and fuel load all had minor influences on fire size, distance travelled and exposure of assets. These results suggest that management of fuels provided minimal reductions in risk to assets and adequate planning of the changes in the built environment to cope with the expansion of human populations is going to be vital for managing risk from fire under future climates.
C1 [Penman, Trent D.; Bradstock, Ross A.] Univ Wollongong, Ctr Environm Risk Management Bushfires, Inst Conservat Biol & Environm Management, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
[Collins, Luke] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 1797, Australia.
[Syphard, Alexandra D.] Conservat Biol Inst, La Mesa, CA USA.
[Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Three Rivers, CA USA.
[Keeley, Jon E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA USA.
RP Penman, TD (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Forest & Ecosyst Sci, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM trent.penman@unimelb.edu.au
RI Penman, Trent/A-7242-2012
OI Penman, Trent/0000-0002-5203-9818
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding from the U.S. Geological Survey was provided to University of
Wollongong to cover salary of LC for the study. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 78
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 31
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 31
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 10
AR e111414
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0111414
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS0BN
UT WOS:000343943700101
PM 25360741
ER
PT J
AU Westhoff, JT
Paukert, CP
AF Westhoff, Jacob T.
Paukert, Craig P.
TI Climate Change Simulations Predict Altered Biotic Response in a
Thermally Heterogeneous Stream System
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER TEMPERATURE MODEL; SMALLMOUTH BASS; AIR-TEMPERATURE; POTENTIAL
IMPACTS; RIVER TEMPERATURE; UNITED-STATES; BULL TROUT; GROUNDWATER
RECHARGE; MULTIMODEL ENSEMBLE; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
AB Climate change is predicted to increase water temperatures in many lotic systems, but little is known about how changes in air temperature affect lotic systems heavily influenced by groundwater. Our objectives were to document spatial variation in temperature for spring-fed Ozark streams in Southern Missouri USA, create a spatially explicit model of mean daily water temperature, and use downscaled climate models to predict the number of days meeting suitable stream temperature for three aquatic species of concern to conservation and management. Longitudinal temperature transects and stationary temperature loggers were used in the Current and Jacks Fork Rivers during 2012 to determine spatial and temporal variability of water temperature. Groundwater spring influence affected river water temperatures in both winter and summer, but springs that contributed less than 5% of the main stem discharge did not affect river temperatures beyond a few hundred meters downstream. A multiple regression model using variables related to season, mean daily air temperature, and a spatial influence factor (metric to account for groundwater influence) was a strong predictor of mean daily water temperature (r(2) = 0.98; RMSE = 0.82). Data from two downscaled climate simulations under the A2 emissions scenario were used to predict daily water temperatures for time steps of 1995, 2040, 2060, and 2080. By 2080, peak numbers of optimal growth temperature days for smallmouth bass are expected to shift to areas with more spring influence, largemouth bass are expected to experience more optimal growth days (21 - 317% increase) regardless of spring influence, and Ozark hellbenders may experience a reduction in the number of optimal growth days in areas with the highest spring influence. Our results provide a framework for assessing fine-scale (10 s m) thermal heterogeneity and predict shifts in thermal conditions at the watershed and reach scale.
C1 [Westhoff, Jacob T.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Paukert, Craig P.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO USA.
RP Westhoff, JT (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM westhoffj@missouri.edu
FU United States Geological Survey Natural Resources Preservation Project
through Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit [116]
FX This project was funded through the United States Geological Survey
Natural Resources Preservation Project through Research Work Order 116
of the Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
(http://www.nature.nps.gov/challenge/2011/nrpp.cfm). The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 104
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 28
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 30
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 10
AR e111438
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0111438
PG 15
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AX2HU
UT WOS:000346765000061
PM 25356982
ER
PT J
AU Marshall, CD
Rozas, K
Kot, B
Gill, VA
AF Marshall, Christopher D.
Rozas, Kelly
Kot, Brian
Gill, Verena A.
TI Innervation patterns of sea otter (Enhydra lutris) mystacial
follicle-sinus complexes
SO FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
LA English
DT Article
DE somatosensory system; peripheral nervous system; axon investment;
vibrissae; F-SCs; comparative neurobiology; marine mammals; otters
ID TRICHECHUS-MANATUS-LATIROSTRIS; LION ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; FLORIDA
MANATEE; PHOCA-VITULINA; SENSORY INNERVATION; CEREBRAL-CORTEX; HARBOR
SEALS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; ERIGNATHUS-BARBATUS; BEARDED SEALS
AB Sea otters (Er/hydra lutns) are the most recent group of mammals to return to the sea, and may exemplify divergent somatosensory tactile systems among mammals. Therefore, we quantified the mystacial vibrissal array of sea otters and histologically processed follicle-sinus complexes (F - SCs) to test the hypotheses that the number of myelinated axons per F -SC is greater than that found for terrestrial mammalian vibrissae and that their organization and microstructure converge with those of pinniped vibrissae. A mean of 120.5 vibrissae were arranged rostrally on a broad, blunt muzzle in 7-8 rows and 9-13 columns. The F-SCs of sea otters are tripartite in their organization and similar in microstructure to pinnipeds rather than terrestrial species. Each F-SC was innervated by a mean 1339 408.3 axons. Innervation to the entire rnystacial vibrissal array was estimated at 161,313 axons. Our data support the hypothesis that the disproportionate expansion of the coronal gyrus in somatosensory cortex of sea otters is related to the high innervation investment of the mystacial vibrissal array, and that quantifying innervation investment is a good proxy for tactile sensitivity. We predict that the tactile performance of sea otter mystacial vibrissae is comparable to that of harbor seals, sea lions and walruses.
C1 [Marshall, Christopher D.; Rozas, Kelly; Kot, Brian] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
[Marshall, Christopher D.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
[Gill, Verena A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Marshall, CD (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, 200 Seawolf Pkwy,Bldg 3029 OCSB 253, Galveston, TX 77551 USA.
EM marshalc@tamug.edu
FU Texas Institute of Oceanography Undergraduate Fellowship; Texas A&M
University Online Access to Knowledge (OAK) Fund by University
Libraries; Office of the Vice President for Research
FX We appreciate the laboratory assistance of Kristin Worman from the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service Office in Anchorage, AK (USA). We thank Roger
Reep for numerous discussion regarding somatosensory systems and for
critical comments that improved the manuscript. Specimens were collected
under MMPA permit No. MA041309-5 issued to Gill in the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife's Marine Mammals Management office. We also appreciate the
support of the Texas Institute of Oceanography Undergraduate Fellowship
to Kelly Rozas. Appreciation is given to Caitlin Sprowls and Erin
Mattson for histological and microscopy assistance. The open access
publishing fees for this article have been covered by the Texas A&M
University Online Access to Knowledge (OAK) Fund, supported by the
University Libraries and the Office of the Vice President for Research.
The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
NR 81
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 15
PU FRONTIERS RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, LAUSANNE, 1015, SWITZERLAND
SN 1662-5129
J9 FRONT NEUROANAT
JI Front. Neuroanat.
PD OCT 29
PY 2014
VL 8
AR 121
DI 10.3389/fnana.2014.00121
PG 8
WC Anatomy & Morphology; Neurosciences
SC Anatomy & Morphology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA AS3BX
UT WOS:000344152100001
PM 25400554
ER
PT J
AU Hennige, SJ
Morrison, CL
Form, AU
Buscher, J
Kamenos, NA
Roberts, JM
AF Hennige, S. J.
Morrison, C. L.
Form, A. U.
Buescher, J.
Kamenos, N. A.
Roberts, J. M.
TI Self-recognition in corals facilitates deep-sea habitat engineering
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ALLOGENEIC FUSION; CONTACT REACTIONS;
ALLORECOGNITION; RELATEDNESS; GROWTH; OCEAN
AB The ability of coral reefs to engineer complex three-dimensional habitats is central to their success and the rich biodiversity they support. In tropical reefs, encrusting coralline algae bind together substrates and dead coral framework to make continuous reef structures, but beyond the photic zone, the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa also forms large biogenic reefs, facilitated by skeletal fusion. Skeletal fusion in tropical corals can occur in closely related or juvenile individuals as a result of non-aggressive skeletal overgrowth or allogeneic tissue fusion, but contact reactions in many species result in mortality if there is no 'self-recognition' on a broad species level. This study reveals areas of 'flawless' skeletal fusion in Lophelia pertusa, potentially facilitated by allogeneic tissue fusion, are identified as having small aragonitic crystals or low levels of crystal organisation, and strong molecular bonding. Regardless of the mechanism, the recognition of 'self' between adjacent L. pertusa colonies leads to no observable mortality, facilitates ecosystem engineering and reduces aggression-related energetic expenditure in an environment where energy conservation is crucial. The potential for self-recognition at a species level, and subsequent skeletal fusion in framework-forming cold-water corals is an important first step in understanding their significance as ecological engineers in deep-seas worldwide.
C1 [Hennige, S. J.; Roberts, J. M.] Heriot Watt Univ, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Biotechnol, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Morrison, C. L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Form, A. U.; Buescher, J.] GEOMAR, Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
[Kamenos, N. A.] Univ Glasgow, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland.
[Roberts, J. M.] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Roberts, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA.
RP Hennige, SJ (reprint author), Heriot Watt Univ, Ctr Marine Biodivers & Biotechnol, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, Midlothian, Scotland.
EM s.hennige@hw.ac.uk
RI Roberts, Murray/D-8299-2013; Kamenos, Nicholas/F-2421-2010;
OI Roberts, Murray/0000-0003-1688-5133; Kamenos,
Nicholas/0000-0003-3434-0807; Hennige, Sebastian/0000-0002-3059-604X
FU UK Ocean Acidification Research Programme (NERC grant) [NE/H017305/1];
NERC Independent Research Fellowship [NE/K009028/1]; BIOACID (BMBF) [FKZ
03F0655A]; Royal Society of Edinburgh IRF [48704/1]; European
Commission's [211384, 226354]
FX We thank the JAGO submersible team for their skill at sea, U. Riebesell
and the BIOACID project for the opportunity to join RV Poseidon cruise
P420 along with Captain Windscheid and the crew for excellent support,
and the Norwegian Directorate of fisheries (Fiskeridirektoratet). We
would also like to thank E. Dyrynda, G. Cook, L. Henry and M. Wisshak
for insightful comments on this manuscript and Peter Chung for
microscopy help. Images 2A-C and 3A were taken by Solvin Zankl, Image 2D
was taken by the JAGO submersible team, GEOMAR, Kiel. Molecular lab work
was done by M. Springmann, and the coral distribution map was compiled
by M. Mellado-Silva. This paper is a contribution to the UK Ocean
Acidification Research Programme to J.M.R. and N.K. (NERC grant
NE/H017305/1), a NERC Independent Research Fellowship to S.J.H.
(NE/K009028/1), BIOACID (BMBF, FKZ 03F0655A), a Royal Society of
Edinburgh IRF to N.K. (48704/1) and the European Commission's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) projects EPOCA (grant agreement no.
211384) and HERMIONE (grant agreement no. 226354) to J.M.R. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 25
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD OCT 27
PY 2014
VL 4
AR 6782
DI 10.1038/srep06782
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS0PA
UT WOS:000343978700014
PM 25345760
ER
PT J
AU Beas-Luna, R
Novak, M
Carr, MH
Tinker, MT
Black, A
Caselle, JE
Hoban, M
Malone, D
Iles, A
AF Beas-Luna, Rodrigo
Novak, Mark
Carr, Mark H.
Tinker, Martin T.
Black, August
Caselle, Jennifer E.
Hoban, Michael
Malone, Dan
Iles, Alison
TI An Online Database for Informing Ecological Network Models:
http://kelpforest.ucsc.edu
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ALTERNATIVE STATES; KELP FOREST; FOOD WEBS; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES;
ECOSYSTEMS; RESILIENCE; MANAGEMENT; STABILITY; DYNAMICS
AB Ecological network models and analyses are recognized as valuable tools for understanding the dynamics and resiliency of ecosystems, and for informing ecosystem-based approaches to management. However, few databases exist that can provide the life history, demographic and species interaction information necessary to parameterize ecological network models. Faced with the difficulty of synthesizing the information required to construct models for kelp forest ecosystems along the West Coast of North America, we developed an online database (http://kelpforest.ucsc.edu/) to facilitate the collation and dissemination of such information. Many of the database's attributes are novel yet the structure is applicable and adaptable to other ecosystem modeling efforts. Information for each taxonomic unit includes stage-specific life history, demography, and body-size allometries. Species interactions include trophic, competitive, facilitative, and parasitic forms. Each data entry is temporally and spatially explicit. The online data entry interface allows researchers anywhere to contribute and access information. Quality control is facilitated by attributing each entry to unique contributor identities and source citations. The database has proven useful as an archive of species and ecosystem-specific information in the development of several ecological network models, for informing management actions, and for education purposes (e.g., undergraduate and graduate training). To facilitate adaptation of the database by other researches for other ecosystems, the code and technical details on how to customize this database and apply it to other ecosystems are freely available and located at the following link (https://github.com/kelpforest-cameo/databaseui).
C1 [Beas-Luna, Rodrigo; Carr, Mark H.; Tinker, Martin T.; Hoban, Michael; Malone, Dan] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Novak, Mark; Iles, Alison] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Tinker, Martin T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Black, August; Caselle, Jennifer E.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Carr, MH (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM mhcarr@ucsc.edu
RI Tinker, Martin/F-1277-2011; Novak, Mark/E-2194-2012
FU Comparative Analysis of Marine Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) program -
National Science Foundation [OCE-1041454, OCE-10411489]; Comparative
Analysis of Marine Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) program - U.S.
National Marine Fisheries Service of the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration [OCE-1041454, OCE-10411489]; Consejo Nacional
de Ciencia y Tecnologia; University of California Institute for Mexico;
University of California Santa Cruz, Open Access Fund
FX This project was supported by the Comparative Analysis of Marine
Ecosystem Organization (CAMEO) program, jointly supported by the
National Science Foundation and the U.S. National Marine Fisheries
Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (award #
OCE-1041454 and OCE-10411489). Additional support for Rodrigo Beas-Luna
was provided by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia
(www.conacyt.mx) and the University of California Institute for Mexico
(www.ucmexus.ucr.edu). Funding for Open Access provided by the
University of California Santa Cruz, Open Access Fund. The funders had
no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 45
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 12
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 24
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 10
AR e109356
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0109356
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AS0BL
UT WOS:000343943500013
PM 25343723
ER
PT J
AU Davis, SC
Burkle, LA
Cross, WF
Cutting, KA
AF Davis, Stacy C.
Burkle, Laura A.
Cross, Wyatt F.
Cutting, Kyle A.
TI The Effects of Timing of Grazing on Plant and Arthropod Communities in
High-Elevation Grasslands
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID VEGETATION STRUCTURE; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; SAGE GROUSE; HERBIVORY;
HEMIPTERA; ABUNDANCE; RESPONSES; HABITAT; INVERTEBRATES; MANAGEMENT
AB Livestock grazing can be used as a key management tool for maintaining healthy ecosystems. However, the effectiveness of using grazing to modify habitat for species of conservation concern depends on how the grazing regime is implemented. Timing of grazing is one grazing regime component that is less understood than grazing intensity and grazer identity, but is predicted to have important implications for plant and higher trophic level responses. We experimentally assessed how timing of cattle grazing affected plant and arthropod communities in high-elevation grasslands of southwest Montana to better evaluate its use as a tool for multi-trophic level management. We manipulated timing of grazing, with one grazing treatment beginning in mid-June and the other in mid-July, in two experiments conducted in different grassland habitat types (i.e., wet meadow and upland) in 2011 and 2012. In the upland grassland experiment, we found that both early and late grazing treatments reduced forb biomass, whereas graminoid biomass was only reduced with late grazing. Grazing earlier in the growing season versus later did not result in greater recovery of graminoid or forb biomass as expected. In addition, the density of the most ubiquitous grassland arthropod order (Hemiptera) was reduced by both grazing treatments in upland grasslands. A comparison of end-of-season plant responses to grazing in upland versus wet meadow grasslands revealed that grazing reduced graminoid biomass in the wet meadow and forb biomass in the upland, irrespective of timing of grazing. Both grazing treatments also reduced end-of-season total arthropod and Hemiptera densities and Hemiptera biomass in both grassland habitat types. Our results indicate that both early and late season herbivory affect many plant and arthropod characteristics in a similar manner, but grazing earlier may negatively impact species of conservation concern requiring forage earlier in the growing season.
C1 [Davis, Stacy C.; Burkle, Laura A.; Cross, Wyatt F.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Cutting, Kyle A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, Lima, MT USA.
RP Davis, SC (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM stacy.davis1@msu.montana.edu
FU Montana State University; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The authors are grateful to Montana State University and the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service for funding this project. The funders had no role
in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 45
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 22
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 10
AR e110460
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0110460
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AR6DY
UT WOS:000343674800045
PM 25338008
ER
PT J
AU Herman, MW
Herrmann, RB
Benz, HM
Furlong, KP
AF Herman, Matthew W.
Herrmann, Robert B.
Benz, Harley M.
Furlong, Kevin P.
TI Using regional moment tensors to constrain the kinematics and stress
evolution of the 2010-2013 Canterbury earthquake sequence, South Island,
New Zealand
SO TECTONOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE South Island, New Zealand; Intraplate seismicity; Regional moment
tensors; Earthquake; Kinematics; Stress evolution
ID DARFIELD CANTERBURY; FAULT SLIP; CHRISTCHURCH; DEFORMATION; PARAMETERS;
CALIFORNIA; RUPTURE; MODELS; FIELD; AREA
AB On September 3, 2010, a M-w 7.0 (U.S. Geological Survey moment magnitude) earthquake ruptured across the Canterbury Plains in South Island, New Zealand. Since then, New Zealand GNS Science has recorded over 10,000 aftershocks M-L 2.0 and larger, including three destructive similar to M-w 6.0 earthquakes near Christchurch. We treat the Canterbury earthquake sequence as an intraplate earthquake sequence, and compare its kinematics to an Andersonian model for fault slip in a uniform stress field. We determined moment magnitudes and double couple solutions for 150 earthquakes having M-w 3.7 and larger through the use of a waveform inversion technique using data from broadband seismic stations on South Island, New Zealand. The majority (126) of these double couple solutions have strike-slip focal mechanisms, with right-lateral slip on ENE fault planes or equivalently left-lateral slip on SSE fault planes. The remaining focal mechanisms indicate reverse faulting, except for two normal faulting events. The strike-slip segments have compatible orientations for slip in a stress field with a horizontal sigma(1) oriented similar to N115 degrees E, and horizontal sigma(3). The preference for right lateral strike-slip earthquakes suggests that these structures are inherited from previous stages of deformation. Reverse slip is interpreted to have occurred on previously existing structures in regions with an absence of existing structures optimally oriented for strike-slip deformation. Despite the variations in slip direction and faulting style, most aftershocks had nearly the same P-axis orientation, consistent with the regional sigma(1). There is no evidence for significant changes in these stress orientations throughout the Canterbury earthquake sequence. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Herman, Matthew W.; Furlong, Kevin P.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, State Coll, PA 16802 USA.
[Herrmann, Robert B.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63108 USA.
[Benz, Harley M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Herman, MW (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, State Coll, PA 16802 USA.
EM mwh5316@psu.edu; rbh@eas.slu.edu; benz@usgs.gov; kpf1@psu.edu
OI Herman, Matthew/0000-0003-4684-9459
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program
[G12AP20031]; EQC; GNS Science; LINZ
FX This work was supported by U.S. Geological Survey National Earthquake
Hazards Reduction Program award #G12AP20031 (The Intraplate Earthquake
Cycle: Strain and Displacement Behavior During the Canterbury, NZ
Earthquake Sequence). Seismic data were obtained from the New Zealand
GeoNet project and its sponsors EQC, GNS Science and LINZ. Many of the
figures in this manuscript were created using the Generic Mapping Tools
(Wessel and Smith, 1991). We thank R. Williams, O. Boyd, and two
anonymous reviewers for constructive reviews that helped improve this
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 52
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0040-1951
EI 1879-3266
J9 TECTONOPHYSICS
JI Tectonophysics
PD OCT 21
PY 2014
VL 633
BP 1
EP 15
DI 10.1016/j.tecto.2014.06.019
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU7YP
UT WOS:000345814500001
ER
PT J
AU Smith, KS
Ranville, JF
Lesher, EK
Diedrich, DJ
McKnight, DM
Sofield, RM
AF Smith, Kathleen S.
Ranville, James F.
Lesher, Emily K.
Diedrich, Daniel J.
McKnight, Diane M.
Sofield, Ruth M.
TI Fractionation of Fulvic Acid by Iron and Aluminum Oxides-Influence on
Copper Toxicity to Ceriodaphnia dubia
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; TROUT
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; AQUATIC HUMIC
SUBSTANCES; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; RAINBOW-TROUT; FISH GILLS; WATER CHEMISTRY;
FATHEAD MINNOWS
AB This study examines the effect on aquatic copper toxicity of the chemical fractionation of fulvic acid (FA) that results from its association with iron and aluminum oxyhydroxide precipitates. Fractionated and unfractionated FAs obtained from streamwater and suspended sediment were utilized in acute Cu toxicity tests on Ceriodaphnia dubia. Toxicity test results with equal FA concentrations (6 mg FA/L) show that the fractionated dissolved FA was 3 times less effective at reducing Cu toxicity (EC50 13 +/- 0.6 mu g Cu/L) than were the unfractionated dissolved FAs (EC50 39 +/- 0.4 and 41 +/- 1.2 mu g Cu/L). The fractionation is a consequence of preferential sorption of molecules having strong metal-binding (more aromatic) moieties to precipitating Fe- and Al-rich oxyhydroxides, causing the remaining dissolved FA to be depleted in these functional groups. As a result, there is more bioavailable dissolved Cu in the water and hence greater potential for Cu toxicity to aquatic organisms. In predicting Cu toxicity, biotic ligand models (BLMs) take into account dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration; however, unless DOC characteristics are accounted for, model predictions can underestimate acute Cu toxicity for water containing fractionated dissolved FA. This may have implications for water-quality criteria in systems containing Fe- and Al-rich sediment, and in mined and mineralized areas in particular. Optical measurements, such as specific ultraviolet absorbance at 254 nm (SUVA254), show promise for use as spectral indicators of DOC chemical fractionation and inferred increased Cu toxicity.
C1 [Smith, Kathleen S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ranville, James F.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Lesher, Emily K.] St Josephs Coll Maine, Dept Nat Sci, Standish, ME 04084 USA.
[Diedrich, Daniel J.] NOAA, Off Response & Restorat, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[McKnight, Diane M.] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 87131 USA.
[Sofield, Ruth M.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
RP Smith, KS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, POB 25046 MS 964D, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM ksmith@usgs.gov; jranvill@mines.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mineral Resources and Toxic Substances Hydrology
Programs; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency STAR Program [R
82951501-0, R 82950001]
FX Funding for this study was provided through the U.S. Geological Survey
Mineral Resources and Toxic Substances Hydrology Programs and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency STAR Program (Grants R 82951501-0 and R
82950001). We thank Ellie Marie Traudt (Colorado School of Mines) for
her help with OriginPro software. Comments from Laurie Balistrieri
(USGS) and three anonymous reviewers greatly improved this manuscript.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 80
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 49
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 21
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 20
BP 11934
EP 11943
DI 10.1021/es502243m
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AR5RJ
UT WOS:000343640900024
PM 25289694
ER
PT J
AU Cryan, PM
Gorresen, PM
Hein, CD
Schirmacher, MR
Diehl, RH
Huso, MM
Hayman, DTS
Fricker, PD
Bonaccorso, FJ
Johnson, DH
Heist, K
Dalton, DC
AF Cryan, Paul. M.
Gorresen, P. Marcos
Hein, Cris D.
Schirmacher, Michael R.
Diehl, Robert H.
Huso, Manuela M.
Hayman, David T. S.
Fricker, Paul D.
Bonaccorso, Frank J.
Johnson, Douglas H.
Heist, Kevin
Dalton, David C.
TI Behavior of bats at wind turbines
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE energy development; sensory perception; video surveillance; wildlife;
wind energy
ID TADARIDA-BRASILIENSIS; ENERGY FACILITIES; LASIURUS-CINEREUS; FLYING
INSECTS; HIGH-ALTITUDE; FATALITIES; MORTALITY; ORIENTATION; HYPOTHESES;
MIGRATION
AB Wind turbines are causing unprecedented numbers of bat fatalities. Many fatalities involve tree-roosting bats, but reasons for this higher susceptibility remain unknown. To better understand behaviors associated with risk, we monitored bats at three experimentally manipulated wind turbines in Indiana, United States, from July 29 to October 1, 2012, using thermal cameras and other methods. We observed bats on 993 occasions and saw many behaviors, including close approaches, flight loops and dives, hovering, and chases. Most bats altered course toward turbines during observation. Based on these new observations, we tested the hypotheses that wind speed and blade rotation speed influenced the way that bats interacted with turbines. We found that bats were detected more frequently at lower wind speeds and typically approached turbines on the leeward ( downwind) side. The proportion of leeward approaches increased with wind speed when blades were prevented from turning, yet decreased when blades could turn. Bats were observed more frequently at turbines on moonlit nights. Taken together, these observations suggest that bats may orient toward turbines by sensing air currents and using vision, and that air turbulence caused by fast-moving blades creates conditions that are less attractive to bats passing in close proximity. Tree bats may respond to streams of air flowing downwind from trees at night while searching for roosts, conspecifics, and nocturnal insect prey that could accumulate in such flows. Fatalities of tree bats at turbines may be the consequence of behaviors that evolved to provide selective advantages when elicited by tall trees, but are now maladaptive when elicited by wind turbines.
C1 [Cryan, Paul. M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Gorresen, P. Marcos] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Hein, Cris D.; Schirmacher, Michael R.] Bat Conservat Int, Austin, TX 78716 USA.
[Diehl, Robert H.] USGS, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Huso, Manuela M.] USGS, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Hayman, David T. S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hayman, David T. S.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Fricker, Paul D.] MathWorks Inc, Natick, MA 01760 USA.
[Bonaccorso, Frank J.] USGS, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Johnson, Douglas H.] USGS, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Heist, Kevin] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Dalton, David C.] Wildlife Engn, Tucson, AZ 85745 USA.
RP Cryan, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM cryanp@usgs.gov
OI Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
FU Fowler Ridge Wind Farm; US Geological Survey; Bat Conservation
International; David H. Smith Fellowship from the Cedar Tree Foundation;
Society of Conservation Biology
FX We thank C. Willis and two anonymous reviewers for helpful input on
earlier drafts of the manuscript; B. Gunderman, B. Gibson, S. Tompkins,
C. Newton, C. Wehkamp, R. Linzner, K. Sowers, K. Owens, J. Richards, and
the Remote Operations Center Staff for giving us the opportunity to do
this research at the Fowler Ridge Wind Farm and for helping with the
daily logistics of working at the site; S. Pruitt, L. Pruitt, and T. J.
Miller of the US Fish and Wildlife Service provided helpful guidance
when we were designing the study; and the field crew and analysis
technicians, without whom none of this would have been possible: J.
Foster, E. Anstedt, C. Wilkins, K. Scherr, J. Wagner, L. Smith, R.
Price, and J. Johnson. This study was supported in part by the Fowler
Ridge Wind Farm; the US Geological Survey; Bat Conservation
International; and a David H. Smith Fellowship from the Cedar Tree
Foundation and Society of Conservation Biology (to D.T.S.H.).
NR 53
TC 21
Z9 22
U1 13
U2 107
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD OCT 21
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 42
BP 15126
EP 15131
DI 10.1073/pnas.1406672111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AR0YN
UT WOS:000343302600050
PM 25267628
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JB
Lyons, JJ
Andrews, BJ
Lees, JM
AF Johnson, Jeffrey B.
Lyons, J. J.
Andrews, B. J.
Lees, J. M.
TI Explosive dome eruptions modulated by periodic gas-driven inflation
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUFRIERE HILLS VOLCANO; SANTIAGUITO VOLCANO; LAVA DOME; GUATEMALA;
MONTSERRAT; BEHAVIOR; TILT
AB Volcan Santiaguito (Guatemala) "breathes" with extraordinary regularity as the edifice's conduit system accumulates free gas, which periodically vents to the atmosphere. Periodic pressurization controls explosion timing, which nearly always occurs at peak inflation, as detected with tiltmeters. Tilt cycles in January 2012 reveal regular 26 +/- 6 min inflation/deflation cycles corresponding to at least similar to 10(1) kg/s of gas fluxing the system. Very long period (VLP) earthquakes presage explosions and occur during cycles when inflation rates are most rapid. VLPs locate similar to 300 m below the vent and indicate mobilization of volatiles, which ascend at similar to 50 m/s. Rapid gas ascent feeds pyroclast-laden eruptions lasting several minutes and rising to similar to 1 km. VLPs are not observed during less rapid inflation episodes; instead, gas vents passively through the conduit producing no infrasound and no explosion. These observations intimate that steady gas exsolution and accumulation in shallow reservoirs may drive inflation cycles at open-vent silicic volcanoes.
C1 [Johnson, Jeffrey B.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Lyons, J. J.] USGS, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Andrews, B. J.] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Mineral Sci, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Lees, J. M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Johnson, JB (reprint author), Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
EM jeffreybjohnson@boisestate.edu
FU INSIVUMEH; Policia Nacional Civil de Guatemala; Instituto Guatemalteco
de Turismo; National Science Foundation [EAR 0838562]; Smithsonian
Natural History Museum Small Grant
FX We thank INSIVUMEH, the Policia Nacional Civil de Guatemala, and the
Instituto Guatemalteco de Turismo for support. Fieldwork was carried out
with support from Armando Pineda and Jake Anderson. The project was
supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (EAR 0838562)
and a Smithsonian Natural History Museum Small Grant. We thank IRIS
PASSCAL for hardware support. Santiaguito seismic data are available
from the IRIS DMC.
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 19
BP 6689
EP 6697
DI 10.1002/2014GL061310
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT4MP
UT WOS:000344913800020
ER
PT J
AU von Huene, R
Kirby, S
Miller, J
Dartnell, P
AF von Huene, Roland
Kirby, Stephen
Miller, John
Dartnell, Peter
TI The destructive 1946 Unimak near-field tsunami: New evidence for a
submarine slide source from reprocessed marine geophysical data
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID ALEUTIAN TSUNAMI; EARTHQUAKE; ARC
AB The M-w 8.6 earthquake in 1946 off the Pacific shore of Unimak Island at the end of the Alaska Peninsula generated a far-field tsunami that crossed the Pacific to Antarctica. Its tsunami magnitude, 9.3, is comparable to the 9.1 magnitude of the 2011 Tohoku tsunami. On Unimak Island's Pacific shore, a runup of 42 m destroyed the lighthouse at Scotch Cap. Elsewhere, localized tsunamis with such high runups have been interpreted as caused by large submarine landslides. However, previous to this study, no landslide large enough to generate this runup was found in the area that is limited by the time interval between earthquake shaking and tsunami inundation at Scotch Cap. Reworking of a seismic reflection transect and colocated multibeam bathymetric surveys reveal a landslide block that may explain the 1946 high runup. It is seaward of Scotch Cap on the midslope terrace and within the time-limited area.
C1 [von Huene, Roland; Kirby, Stephen] US Geol Survey Emeritus, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Miller, John] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Dartnell, Peter] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP von Huene, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey Emeritus, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM rhuene@mindspring.com
NR 19
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 19
BP 6811
EP 6818
DI 10.1002/2014GL061759
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT4MP
UT WOS:000344913800036
ER
PT J
AU McCabe, GJ
Wolock, DM
AF McCabe, Gregory J.
Wolock, David M.
TI Spatial and temporal patterns in conterminous United States streamflow
characteristics
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; SNOWMELT RUNOFF;
NEW-ENGLAND; EL-NINO; TRENDS; PRECIPITATION; VARIABILITY; CLIMATE;
PACIFIC
AB Spatial and temporal patterns in annual and seasonal minimum, mean, and maximum daily streamflow values were examined for a set of 516 reference stream gauges located throughout the conterminous United States for the period 1951-2009. Cluster analysis was used to classify the stream gauges into 14 groups based on similarity in their temporal patterns of streamflow. The results indicated that the temporal patterns in flowmetrics (1) have strong spatial coherence within each region, (2) are similar among the three annual flow metrics and the four seasonal flow metrics within each region, (3) indicate some small magnitude trends over time, and (4) are only weakly associated with well-known climate indices. We conclude that most of the temporal variability in flow is unpredictable in terms of relations to climate indices and infer that, for the most part, future changes in flow characteristics cannot be predicted by these indices.
C1 [McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wolock, David M.] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS USA.
RP McCabe, GJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM gmccabe@usgs.gov
NR 39
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT 16
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 19
BP 6889
EP 6897
DI 10.1002/2014GL061980
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT4MP
UT WOS:000344913800046
ER
PT J
AU Hill, DE
Dubey, JP
Baroch, JA
Swafford, SR
Fournet, VF
Hawkins-Cooper, D
Pyburn, DG
Schmit, BS
Gamble, HR
Pedersen, K
Ferreira, LR
Verma, SK
Ying, Y
Kwok, OCH
Feidas, H
Theodoropoulos, G
AF Hill, D. E.
Dubey, J. P.
Baroch, J. A.
Swafford, S. R.
Fournet, V. F.
Hawkins-Cooper, D.
Pyburn, D. G.
Schmit, B. S.
Gamble, H. R.
Pedersen, K.
Ferreira, L. R.
Verma, S. K.
Ying, Y.
Kwok, O. C. H.
Feidas, H.
Theodoropoulos, G.
TI Surveillance of feral swine for Trichinella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii
in the USA and host-related factors associated with infection
SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Feral swine; Geographic distribution; Risk factors; Spatial scan
statistic; Toxoplasma gondii; Trichinella
ID BOARS SUS-SCROFA; DOMESTIC PIGS; WILD BOARS; SCAVENGING MAMMALS;
NEOSPORA-CANINUM; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; HIGH PREVALENCE; UNITED-STATES;
FROZEN PORK; SEROPREVALENCE
AB Trichinella spp. and Toxoplasma gondii are important zoonotic parasites that infect warm blooded animals and humans worldwide. Among domesticated food animals, pigs are the main host for Trichinella spiralis. Pigs, chickens, sheep, and goats are known to be infected with T. gondii at varying rates, depending on husbandry. Infections in wildlife with these parasites are generally higher than in domesticated species. Feral swine act as reservoirs of infection in the sylvatic ecosystem for Trichinella spp. and T. gondii, acting as sources of infection for peridomestic carnivores whose home ranges overlap with domestic pigs. Feral swine can have direct contact with non-biosecure domestic pigs, presenting opportunity for direct disease transmission through cannibalistic behavior. Determination of the prevalence of Trichinella spp. and T. gondii infection in feral swine is needed to understand the risk of transmission of these parasites to domestic pigs. A cross-sectional serological survey was conducted between 2006 and 2010 to estimate the antibody prevalence of Trichinella spp. and T. gondii and risk factors associated with infection in feral swine in the USA. Serum samples were tested from 3247 feral pigs from 32 states; results are reported from 26 states. Maximum entropy ecological niche modeling and spatial scan statistic were utilized to predict the geographic range and to examine clusters of infection of Trichinella spp. and T. gondii in feral pigs. The seroprevalence of antibodies to Trichinella spp. and T. gondii was 3.0% and 17.7%, respectively. Species distribution modeling indicated that the most probable distribution areas for both parasites was similar, concentrated primarily in the South and the Midwest regions of the USA. A follow up survey conducted during 2012-2013 revealed that 2.9% of 984 sampled feral swine were seropositive for Trichinella spp., and 28.4% were seropositive for T. gondii. Three hundred and thirty (330) tongues were collected from the 984 sampled animals during 2012-2013; 1.81% were tissue positive for T. spiralis muscle larvae; no other genotypes were found. The potential exists for introduction of these pathogens into domestic herds of non-biosecure domestic pigs as a result of increasing overlap of the range of feral pigs with non-biosecure domestic pigs production facilities in the USA. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Hill, D. E.; Dubey, J. P.; Fournet, V. F.; Hawkins-Cooper, D.; Pedersen, K.; Ferreira, L. R.; Verma, S. K.; Ying, Y.; Kwok, O. C. H.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Baroch, J. A.; Schmit, B. S.; Pedersen, K.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Swafford, S. R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Jackson, MS 38748 USA.
[Pyburn, D. G.] Natl Pork Board, Clive, IA 50325 USA.
[Gamble, H. R.] Natl Acad Sci, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[Feidas, H.] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Geol, Dept Meteorol & Climatol, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
[Theodoropoulos, G.] Agr Univ Athens, Dept Anat & Physiol Farm Anim, GR-11855 Athens, Greece.
RP Hill, DE (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM dolores.hill@ars.usda.gov
FU National Pork Board, Des Moines, Iowa [08-216]
FX This work was funded in part by grant # 08-216 from the National Pork
Board, Des Moines, Iowa.
NR 64
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 28
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4017
EI 1873-2550
J9 VET PARASITOL
JI Vet. Parasitol.
PD OCT 15
PY 2014
VL 205
IS 3-4
BP 653
EP 665
DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2014.07.026
PG 13
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AS7GN
UT WOS:000344425200030
PM 25182211
ER
PT J
AU Landwehr, JM
Coplen, TB
Stewart, DW
AF Landwehr, Jurate M.
Coplen, Tyler B.
Stewart, David W.
TI Spatial, seasonal, and source variability in the stable oxygen and
hydrogen isotopic composition of tap waters throughout the USA
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE tap water; stable isotopic composition; hydrogen isotopes; oxygen
isotopes; water supply source; hydrologic units
ID METEORIC PRECIPITATION; UNITED-STATES; RATIOS; HAIR; DELTA-O-18; TRENDS;
O-18
AB To assess spatial, seasonal, and source variability in stable isotopic composition of human drinking waters throughout the entire USA, we have constructed a database of O-18 and H-2 of US tap waters. An additional purpose was to create a publicly available dataset useful for evaluating the forensic applicability of these isotopes for human tissue source geolocation. Samples were obtained at 349 sites, from diverse population centres, grouped by surface hydrologic units for regional comparisons. Samples were taken concurrently during two contrasting seasons, summer and winter. Source supply (surface, groundwater, mixed, and cistern) and system (public and private) types were noted. The isotopic composition of tap waters exhibits large spatial and regional variation within each season as well as significant at-site differences between seasons at many locations, consistent with patterns found in environmental (river and precipitation) waters deriving from hydrologic processes influenced by geographic factors. However, anthropogenic factors, such as the population of a tap's surrounding community and local availability from diverse sources, also influence the isotopic composition of tap waters. Even within a locale as small as a single metropolitan area, tap waters with greatly differing isotopic compositions can be found, so that tap water within a region may not exhibit the spatial or temporal coherence predicted for environmental water. Such heterogeneities can be confounding factors when attempting forensic inference of source water location, and they underscore the necessity of measurements, not just predictions, with which to characterize the isotopic composition of regional tap waters. Published 2013. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Landwehr, Jurate M.; Coplen, Tyler B.; Stewart, David W.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Landwehr, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 431 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jurate.landwehr@gmail.com
FU National Research Program of the US Geological Survey; USGS Office of
Science Education through the NAGT-USGS Cooperative Summer Field
Training Program
FX Comments by Daniel Doctor and Jurian Hoogewerff and two anonymous
journal reviewers were greatly appreciated, as was information about
Alaska HUCs from Michael Ierardi. The authors gratefully acknowledge
research support from the National Research Program of the US Geological
Survey. We also acknowledge financial support from the USGS Office of
Science Education through the NAGT-USGS Cooperative Summer Field
Training Program for employing two summer interns, Omar Davis and
Katherine Pecsok. The authors gratefully acknowledge the cooperation and
good humour of all 349 plus sampling volunteers nationwide who were
willing to 'turn on the tap for the USGS' and provided the raw materials
for this study. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the USA. Government.
NR 51
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD OCT 15
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 21
BP 5382
EP 5422
DI 10.1002/hyp.10004
PG 41
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA AQ3EA
UT WOS:000342670900006
ER
PT J
AU Ault, TR
Cole, JE
Overpeck, JT
Pederson, GT
Meko, DM
AF Ault, Toby R.
Cole, Julia E.
Overpeck, Jonathan T.
Pederson, Gregory T.
Meko, David M.
TI Assessing the Risk of Persistent Drought Using Climate Model Simulations
and Paleoclimate Data
SO JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; LAST
MILLENNIUM; SEVERITY INDEX; VARIABILITY; PRECIPITATION; MEGADROUGHTS;
RESPONSES; RAINFALL
AB Projected changes in global rainfall patterns will likely alter water supplies and ecosystems in semiarid regions during the coming century. Instrumental and paleoclimate data indicate that natural hydroclimate fluctuations tend to be more energetic at low (multidecadal to multicentury) than at high (interannual) frequencies. State-of-the-art global climate models do not capture this characteristic of hydroclimate variability, suggesting that the models underestimate the risk of future persistent droughts. Methods are developed here for assessing the risk of such events in the coming century using climate model projections as well as observational (paleoclimate) information. Where instrumental and paleoclimate data are reliable, these methods may provide a more complete view of prolonged drought risk. In the U.S. Southwest, for instance, state-of-the-art climate model projections suggest the risk of a decade-scale megadrought in the coming century is less than 50%; the analysis herein suggests that the risk is at least 80%, and may be higher than 90% in certain areas. The likelihood of longer-lived events (>35 yr) is between 20% and 50%, and the risk of an unprecedented 50-yr megadrought is nonnegligible under the most severe warming scenario (5%-10%). These findings are important to consider as adaptation and mitigation strategies are developed to cope with regional impacts of climate change, where population growth is high and multidecadal megadrought worse than anything seen during the last 2000 years would pose unprecedented challenges to water resources in the region.
C1 [Ault, Toby R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Cole, Julia E.; Overpeck, Jonathan T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Cole, Julia E.; Overpeck, Jonathan T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Pederson, Gregory T.] US Geol Survey, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Meko, David M.] Univ Arizona, Lab Tree Ring Res, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Ault, TR (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Bradfield Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM toby.ault@cornell.edu
FU NSF [P2C2 (0903093)]; NCAR-ASP; NOAA CCDD [NA07OAR4310054]; NOAA Climate
Program Office; NSF EaSM2 Grant [1243125]
FX We thank Steve Gray, Jeff Lukas, Connie Woodhouse, and the U.S. Bureau
of Reclamation for assistance, and we appreciate the helpful reviews we
received from Joellen Russell and Scott St. George. We are also grateful
for the extensive insight and feedback we received from an anonymous
reviewer. This project was supported in part by NSF graduate and
NCAR-ASP postdoctoral fellowships to T. Ault, NOAA CCDD
(NA07OAR4310054), NSF P2C2 (0903093) support for J. Cole, and NOAA
Climate Program Office support for CLIMAS (J. Overpeck), as well as NSF
EaSM2 Grant (1243125) to Cole and Overpeck. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 47
Z9 49
U1 11
U2 68
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0894-8755
EI 1520-0442
J9 J CLIMATE
JI J. Clim.
PD OCT 15
PY 2014
VL 27
IS 20
BP 7529
EP 7549
DI 10.1175/JCLI-D-12-00282.1
PG 21
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AQ5YB
UT WOS:000342883400001
ER
PT J
AU Hammerschmidt, CR
Gustin, MS
Bennett, J
AF Hammerschmidt, Chad R.
Gustin, Mae Sexauer
Bennett, Jim
TI Mercury biogeochemical cycling and processes: implications for human and
ecosystem health
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hammerschmidt, Chad R.] Wright State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
[Gustin, Mae Sexauer] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Bennett, Jim] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Bot, Madison, WI USA.
[Bennett, Jim] US Geol Survey, Madison, WI USA.
RP Gustin, MS (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, MS 186, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM mgustin@cabnr.unr.edu
RI Hammerschmidt, Chad/M-3139-2014
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2014
VL 496
BP 635
EP 635
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.07.081
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP7GK
UT WOS:000342245600067
PM 25115606
ER
PT J
AU Stotts, S
O'Neal, M
Pizzuto, J
Hupp, C
AF Stotts, Stephanie
O'Neal, Michael
Pizzuto, James
Hupp, Cliff
TI Exposed tree root analysis as a dendrogeomorphic approach to estimating
bank retreat at the South River, Virginia
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dendrogeomorhpology; Bank erosion; Exposed tree roots; Tree rings; Wood
anatomy
ID ANATOMICAL CHANGES; EROSION RATES; HIGH-RESOLUTION; CHANNEL CHANGE;
EXAMPLE; STREAMBANKS; DYNAMICS; COLORADO; PLATEAU; POLAND
AB We use a biometric approach based on anatomical changes in the wood of exposed tree roots to quantify river-bank erosion along South River, Virginia, a site where commonly applied techniques for determining bank erosion rates are either not appropriate because of the required spatial scale of analysis (i.e., erosion pins, traditional surveys, LiDAR analysis) or have failed to detect obvious erosion (i.e., photogrammetric techniques). We sampled 73 exposed roots from 22 study reaches and identified the year of exposure macroscopically (2 to 20 times magnification) and microscopically (20 to 100 times magnification), comparing the estimated erosion rates between levels of magnification and to those obtained with photogrammetric techniques. We found no statistical differences between the results of macroscopic and microscopic analyses (t-test, alpha = 0.01) but encountered difficulty in identifying the year of root exhumation in some samples. When comparing exposed root analysis to photogrammetric techniques, the results indicate that the exposed root approach is a feasible and effective method for estimating annual- to decadal-scale bank erosion. In addition to producing erosion rates statistically indistinguishable from photogrammetric techniques at sites with erosion rates large enough for detection using historical aerial photographs (regression analysis and t-test, alpha = 0.01), exposed root analysis was able to estimate erosion rates at sites where photogrammetric techniques failed. We also identify deciduous species well suited for this approach (Fraxinus pennsylvanica) and others that prove more problematic (e.g., Acer negundo, Celtis occidentalis, Acer saccharinum). This study is significant because it describes a robust tool that provides insights into annual- to decadal-scale erosion where other commonly applied techniques may not be appropriate or easily applied. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Stotts, Stephanie] Wesley Coll, Dover, DE 19901 USA.
[O'Neal, Michael; Pizzuto, James] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Hupp, Cliff] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Stotts, S (reprint author), Wesley Coll, Dover, DE 19901 USA.
EM Stephanie.Stotts@wesley.edu
RI O'Neal, Michael/K-1822-2015
OI O'Neal, Michael/0000-0002-6696-0106
NR 58
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD OCT 15
PY 2014
VL 223
BP 10
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2014.06.012
PG 9
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA AO6SD
UT WOS:000341480900002
ER
PT J
AU Lorenz, JM
Tarbox, L
Buck, B
Qi, HP
Coplen, TB
AF Lorenz, Jennifer M.
Tarbox, Lauren
Buck, Bryan
Qi, Haiping
Coplen, Tyler B.
TI Biscayne aquifer drinking water (USGS45): A new isotopic reference
material for delta H-2 and delta(18)dO measurements of water
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RATIO ANALYSIS; HYDROGEN; OXYGEN; GAS
AB RATIONALE: As a result of the scarcity of isotopic reference waters for daily use, a new secondary isotopic reference material for international distribution has been prepared from drinking water collected from the Biscayne aquifer in Ft. Lauderdale, Florida.
METHODS: This isotopic reference water was filtered, homogenized, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a torch, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and measured by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This reference material is available by the case of 144 glass ampoules containing either 4 mL or 5 mL of water in each ampoule.
RESULTS: The delta H-2 and delta O-18 values of this reference material are -10.3 +/- 0.4 parts per thousand and -2.238 +/- 0.011 parts per thousand, respectively, relative to VSMOW, on scales normalized such that the delta H-2 and delta O-18 values of SLAP reference water are, respectively, -428 and -55.5 parts per thousand. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U= 2u(c)) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95 % probability of encompassing the true value.
CONCLUSIONS: This isotopic reference material, designated as USGS45, is intended as one of two isotopic reference waters for daily normalization of stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic analysis of water with an isotope-ratiomass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. Published in 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Lorenz, Jennifer M.; Tarbox, Lauren; Buck, Bryan; Qi, Haiping; Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Lorenz, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jlorenz@usgs.gov
OI Lorenz, Jennifer/0000-0002-5826-7264
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program
FX Great appreciation is given to Adam Foster (U. S. Geological Survey) for
collecting the drinking water from the Biscayne aquifer in Ft.
Lauderdale, Florida. We thank Christine Mukwaya (Ministry of Water and
Environment, Entebbe, Uganda) and two anonymous reviewers for
constructive comments that improved this article. The support of the
U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program made this article
possible. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 16
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
EI 1097-0231
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD OCT 15
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 19
BP 2031
EP 2034
DI 10.1002/rcm.6988
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA AO2XW
UT WOS:000341192200001
PM 25156591
ER
PT J
AU Haase, KB
Busenberg, E
Plummer, LN
Casile, G
Sanford, WE
AF Haase, Karl B.
Busenberg, Eurybiades
Plummer, L. Niel
Casile, Gerolamo
Sanford, Ward E.
TI Measurements of HFC-134a and HCFC-22 in groundwater and unsaturated-zone
air: Implications for HFCs and HCFCs as dating tracers
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater age; Hydrofluorocarbon; Hydrochlorofluorocarbon; Atomic
emission detector; Greenhouse gas
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; ATOMIC-EMISSION DETECTION; IN-SITU
MEASUREMENTS; SULFUR-HEXAFLUORIDE; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY;
CHLORODIFLUOROMETHANE HCFC-22; CHLOROFLUOROCARBONS CCL3F; ENVIRONMENTAL
TRACERS; EXCESS AIR; SEAWATER
AB A new analytical method using gas chromatography with an atomic emission detector (GC-AED) was developed for measurement of ambient concentrations of hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs) and hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) in soil, air, and groundwater, with the goal of determining their utility as groundwater age tracers. The analytical detection limits of HCFC-22 (difluorochloromethane, CHClF2) and HFC-134a (1,2,2,2 tetrafluoroethane, C2H2F4) in 1 L groundwater samples are 4.3 x 10(-1) and 2.1 x 10(-1) pmol kg(-1), respectively, corresponding to equilibrium gas-phase mixing ratios of approximately 5-6 parts per trillion by volume (pptv). Under optimal conditions, post-1960 (HCFC-22) and post-1995 (HFC-134a) recharge could be identified using these tracers in stable, unmixed groundwater samples. Ambient concentrations of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a were measured in 50 groundwater samples from 27 locations in northern and western parts of Virginia, Tennessee, and North Carolina (USA), and 3 unsaturated-zone profiles were collected in northern Virginia. Mixing ratios of both HCFC-22 and HFC-134a decrease with depth in unsaturated-zone gas profiles with an accompanying increase in CO2 and loss of O-2. Apparently, ambient concentrations of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a are readily consumed by methanotrophic bacteria under aerobic conditions in the unsaturated zone. The results of this study indicate that soils are a sink for these two greenhouse gases. These observations contradict the previously reported results from microcosm experiments that found that degradation was limited above-ambient HFC-134a. The groundwater HFC and HCFC concentrations were compared with concentrations of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs, CFC-11, CFC-12, CFC-113) and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). Nearly all samples had measured HCFC 22 or HFC-134a that were below concentrations predicted by the CFCs and SF6, with many samples showing a complete loss of HCFC-22 and HFC-134a. This study indicates that HCFC-22 and HFC-134a are not conservative as environmental tracers and leaves in question the usefulness of other HCFCs and HFCs as candidate age tracers. Published by Elsevier B. V.
C1 [Haase, Karl B.; Busenberg, Eurybiades; Plummer, L. Niel; Casile, Gerolamo; Sanford, Ward E.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Haase, KB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 432,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM khaase@usgs.gov
OI Plummer, L. Niel/0000-0002-4020-1013
FU USGS Water Mission Area National Research Program
FX Special thanks to Charles Culbertson and Sarah Flanagan of the USGS for
collecting groundwater samples in conjunction with NAWQA cycle III. This
work was funded by the USGS Water Mission Area National Research
Program.
NR 76
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD OCT 14
PY 2014
VL 385
BP 117
EP 128
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.016
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU2IH
UT WOS:000345440900011
ER
PT J
AU Jiang, J
DeAngelis, DL
Zhang, B
Cohen, JE
AF Jiang, Jiang
DeAngelis, Donald L.
Zhang, Bo
Cohen, Joel E.
TI Population age and initial density in a patchy environment affect the
occurrence of abrupt transitions in a birth-and-death model of Taylor's
law
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Taylor's law; Power law; Regime shift; Demography stochastic;
Fluctuation scaling; Leading indicators
ID POWER-LAW; VARIANCE; DYNAMICS; SLOPE
AB Taylor's power law describes an empirical relationship between the mean and variance of population densities in field data, in which the variance varies as a power, b, of the mean. Most studies report values of b varying between 1 and 2. However, Cohen (2014a) showed recently that smooth changes in environmental conditions in a model can lead to an abrupt, infinite change in b. To understand what factors can influence the occurrence of an abrupt change in b, we used both mathematical analysis and Monte Carlo samples from a model in which populations of the same species settled on patches, and each population followed independently a stochastic linear birth-and-death process. We investigated how the power relationship responds to a smooth change of population growth rate, under different sampling strategies, initial population density, and population age. We showed analytically that, if the initial populations differ only in density, and samples are taken from all patches after the same time period following a major invasion event, Taylor's law holds with exponent b = 1, regardless of the population growth rate. If samples are taken at different times from patches that have the same initial population densities, we calculate an abrupt shift of b, as predicted by Cohen (2014a). The loss of linearity between log variance and log mean is a leading indicator of the abrupt shift. If both initial population densities and population ages vary among patches, estimates of b lie between 1 and 2, as in most empirical studies. But the value of b declines to similar to 1 as the system approaches a critical point. Our results can inform empirical studies that might be designed to demonstrate an abrupt shift in Taylor's law. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jiang, Jiang] Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[DeAngelis, Donald L.; Zhang, Bo] Univ Miami, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Cohen, Joel E.] Rockefeller Univ, Lab Populat, New York, NY 10065 USA.
[Cohen, Joel E.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY 10065 USA.
RP Jiang, J (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Natl Inst Math & Biol Synth, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jjiang@nimbios.org
RI Jiang, Jiang/H-1080-2012
OI Jiang, Jiang/0000-0001-5058-8664
FU NSF [EF-0832858]; FISCHS Project (Future Impacts of Sea Level Rise on
Coastal Habitats and Species) at the USGS Southeast Ecological Science
Center - USGS Ecosystems Mapping; USGS Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystems Science; U.S. National Science Foundation [EF-1038337,
DMS-1225529]
FX J.J. was supported as Postdoctoral Fellow at the National Institute for
Mathematical and Biological Synthesis (NSF Award #EF-0832858). D.L.D.
was partially supported by the FISCHS Project (Future Impacts of Sea
Level Rise on Coastal Habitats and Species) at the USGS Southeast
Ecological Science Center, funded by USGS Ecosystems Mapping and the
USGS Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Science. J.E.C. was
partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation grants
EF-1038337 and DMS-1225529 and thanks Priscilla K. Rogerson for
assistance. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this article is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government
NR 20
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 10
PY 2014
VL 289
BP 59
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.06.022
PG 7
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP0IR
UT WOS:000341745200006
ER
PT J
AU Hatten, JR
AF Hatten, James R.
TI Mapping and monitoring Mount Graham red squirrel habitat with Lidar and
Landsat imagery
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE GIS; Habitat suitability; Endemic; Population dynamics; Endangered
ID TAMIASCIURUS-HUDSONICUS-GRAHAMENSIS; SOUTHWESTERN WILLOW FLYCATCHER;
POPULATION; REGRESSION; DYNAMICS; MODEL
AB The Mount Graham red squirrel (Tamiasciurus hudsonicus grahamensis) is an endemic subspecies located in the Pinaleflo Mountains of southeast Arizona. Living in a conifer forest on a sky-island surrounded by desert, the Mount Graham red squirrel is one of the rarest mammals in North America. Over the last two decades, drought, insect infestations, and fire destroyed much of its habitat. A federal recovery team is working on a plan to recover the squirrel and detailed information is necessary on its habitat requirements and population dynamics. Toward that goal I developed and compared three probabilistic models of Mount Graham red squirrel habitat with a geographic information system and logistic regression. Each model contained the same topographic variables (slope, aspect, elevation), but the Landsat model contained a greenness variable (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index) extracted from Landsat, the Lidar model contained three forest-inventory variables extracted from lidar, while the Hybrid model contained Landsat and lidar variables. The Hybrid model produced the best habitat classification accuracy, followed by the Landsat and Lidar models, respectively. Landsat-derived forest greenness was the best predictor of habitat, followed by topographic (elevation, slope, aspect) and lidar (tree height, canopy bulk density, and live basal area) variables, respectively. The Landsat model's probabilities were significantly correlated with all 12 lidar variables, indicating its utility for habitat mapping. While the Hybrid model produced the best classification results, only the Landsat model was suitable for creating a habitat time series or habitat-population function between 1986 and 2013. The techniques I highlight should prove valuable in the development of Landsat- or lidar-based habitat models range wide. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
RP Hatten, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhatten@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Southwest Region, Ecological Services
Division
FX I thank Marit I. Alanen, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Southwest
Region, Ecological Services Division, for providing Mount Graham red
squirrel data, financial assistance (Science Support dollars), and
encouragement in the development and testing of a new MGRS probability
model. I thank Thomas R. Batt, USGS (CRRL) for producing the habitat
time series video.
NR 36
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 44
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 10
PY 2014
VL 289
BP 106
EP 123
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2014.07.004
PG 18
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP0IR
UT WOS:000341745200011
ER
PT J
AU George, DL
Iverson, RM
AF George, David L.
Iverson, Richard M.
TI A depth-averaged debris-flow model that includes the effects of evolving
dilatancy. II. Numerical predictions and experimental tests
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING
SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE hyperbolic problems; debris flow; landslide; granular-fluid mixtures
ID FINITE-VOLUME METHODS; HYPERBOLIC SYSTEMS; WAVE-PROPAGATION; RIEMANN
SOLVERS; NONCONSERVATIVE PRODUCTS; GRANULAR AVALANCHES; VARIABLE
TOPOGRAPHY; CONSERVATION-LAWS; SAINT-VENANT; SCHEMES
AB We evaluate a new depth-averaged mathematical model that is designed to simulate all stages of debris-flow motion, from initiation to deposition. A companion paper shows how the model's five governing equations describe simultaneous evolution of flow thickness, solid volume fraction, basal pore-fluid pressure and two components of flow momentum. Each equation contains a source term that represents the influence of state-dependent granular dilatancy. Here, we recapitulate the equations and analyse their eigenstructure to show that they form a hyperbolic system with desirable stability properties. To solve the equations, we use a shock-capturing numerical scheme with adaptive mesh refinement, implemented in an open-source software package we call D-Claw. As tests of D-Claw, we compare model output with results from two sets of large-scale debris-flow experiments. One set focuses on flow initiation from landslides triggered by rising pore-water pressures, and the other focuses on downstream flow dynamics, runout and deposition. D-Claw performs well in predicting evolution of flow speeds, thicknesses and basal pore-fluid pressures measured in each type of experiment. Computational results illustrate the critical role of dilatancy in linking coevolution of the solid volume fraction and pore-fluid pressure, which mediates basal Coulomb friction and thereby regulates debris-flow dynamics.
C1 [George, David L.; Iverson, Richard M.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP George, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Ct, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM dgeorge@usgs.gov
NR 61
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 3
U2 522
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5021
EI 1471-2946
J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY
JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD OCT 8
PY 2014
VL 470
IS 2170
AR 20130820
DI 10.1098/rspa.2013.0820
PG 31
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO0TT
UT WOS:000341026000002
ER
PT J
AU Iverson, RM
George, DL
AF Iverson, Richard M.
George, David L.
TI A depth-averaged debris-flow model that includes the effects of evolving
dilatancy. I. Physical basis
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY A-MATHEMATICAL PHYSICAL AND ENGINEERING
SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE debris flow; dilatancy; modelling
ID FLUIDIZED GRANULAR MASSES; PORE-PRESSURE FEEDBACK; FINITE-VOLUME
METHODS; FREE-SURFACE FLOWS; 3-DIMENSIONAL TERRAIN; LANDSLIDE MOTION;
MOUNT-RAINIER; AVALANCHES; STRESS; CONSOLIDATION
AB To simulate debris-flow behaviour from initiation to deposition, we derive a depth-averaged, two-phase model that combines concepts of critical-state soil mechanics, grain-flow mechanics and fluid mechanics. The model's balance equations describe coupled evolution of the solid volume fraction, m, basal pore-fluid pressure, flow thickness and two components of flow velocity. Basal friction is evaluated using a generalized Coulomb rule, and fluid motion is evaluated in a frame of reference that translates with the velocity of the granular phase, vs. Source terms in each of the depth-averaged balance equations account for the influence of the granular dilation rate, defined as the depth integral of del. nu(s). Calculation of the dilation rate involves the effects of an elastic compressibility and an inelastic dilatancy angle proportional to m - m(eq), where m(eq) is the value of m in equilibrium with the ambient stress state and flow rate. Normalization of the model equations shows that predicted debris-flow behaviour depends principally on the initial value of m - m(eq) and on the ratio of two fundamental timescales. One of these timescales governs downslope debris-flow motion, and the other governs pore-pressure relaxation that modifies Coulomb friction and regulates evolution of m. A companion paper presents a suite of model predictions and tests.
C1 [Iverson, Richard M.; George, David L.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
RP Iverson, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1300 SE Cardinal Ct, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
EM riverson@usgs.gov
NR 109
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 5
U2 475
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5021
EI 1471-2946
J9 P ROY SOC A-MATH PHY
JI Proc. R. Soc. A-Math. Phys. Eng. Sci.
PD OCT 8
PY 2014
VL 470
IS 2170
AR 20130819
DI 10.1098/rspa.2013.0819
PG 31
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO0TT
UT WOS:000341026000001
ER
PT J
AU Stone, WW
Gilliom, RJ
Ryberg, KR
AF Stone, Wesley W.
Gilliom, Robert J.
Ryberg, Karen R.
TI Pesticides in U.S. Streams and Rivers: Occurrence and Trends during
1992-2011
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE m
ID PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; TOXICITY; URBAN; CALIFORNIA; SEDIMENTS
C1 [Stone, Wesley W.] US Geol Survey, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
[Gilliom, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Ryberg, Karen R.] US Geol Survey, Bismarck, ND 58503 USA.
RP Stone, WW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 5957 Lakeside Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
EM wwstone@usgs.gov
RI Ryberg, Karen/E-1871-2016
OI Ryberg, Karen/0000-0002-9834-2046
NR 16
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 4
U2 41
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 7
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 19
BP 11025
EP 11030
DI 10.1021/es5025367
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ7RJ
UT WOS:000343016600004
PM 25209419
ER
PT J
AU Brittingham, MC
Maloney, KO
Farag, AM
Harper, DD
Bowen, ZH
AF Brittingham, Margaret C.
Maloney, Kelly O.
Farag, Aida M.
Harper, David D.
Bowen, Zachary H.
TI Ecological Risks of Shale Oil and Gas Development to Wildlife, Aquatic
Resources and their Habitats
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID GREATER SAGE-GROUSE; ROAD DEICING SALT; OVENBIRDS SEIURUS-AUROCAPILLA;
CHRONIC ANTHROPOGENIC NOISE; SURFACE-WATER QUALITY; NATURAL-GAS;
MARCELLUS SHALE; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; UNITED-STATES; WASTE-WATER
AB Technological advances in hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have led to the exploration and exploitation of shale oil and gas both nationally and internationally. Extensive development of shale resources has occured within the United States over the pase decade, yet full build out is not expected to occur for years. Moreover, countries across the globe have large shale resources and are beginning to explore extraction of these resources. Extraction of shale resources is a multistep process that includes site identification, well pad and infrastructure development, well drilling, high volume hydraulic fracturing and production; each with its own propensity to affect associated ecosystems. Some potential effects, for example from well pad road and pipeline development, will likely be similar to other anthropogenic activities like conventional gas drilling, land clearing, exurban and agricultural development and surface mining (e.g., habitat fragmentation and sedimentation). Therefore, we can use the large body of literature available on the ecological effects of these activities to estimate potential effects from shale development on nearby ecosystems. However, other effects, such as accidental release of wasterwater, are novel to the shale gas extraction process making it harder to predict potential outcomes. Here, we review current knowledge of the effects of high-volume hydraulic fracturing coupled with horizontal drilling on terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in the contiguous United States, an area that includes 20 shale plays many of which have experienced extensive development over the past decade. We conclude that species and habitats most at risk are ones where there is an extensive overlap between a species range or habitat type and one of the shale plays (leading to high vulnerability) coupled with intrinsic characteristics such as limited range, small population size, specialized habitat requirements, and high sensitivity to disturbance. Examples include core forest habitat and forest specialists, sagebrush habitat and specialists, vernal pond inhabitants and stream biota. We suggest five general areas of research and monitoring that could aid in development of effective guidelines and policies to minimize negative impacts and protect vulnerable species and ecosystems: (1) spatial analyses, (2) species-based modeling, (3) vulnerability assessments, (4) ecoregional assessments, and (5) threshold and toxicity evaluations.
C1 [Brittingham, Margaret C.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Maloney, Kelly O.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
[Farag, Aida M.; Harper, David D.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Jackson Field Res Stn, Jackson, WY 83001 USA.
[Bowen, Zachary H.] US Geol Survey, Ecosyst Dynam Branch, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Brittingham, MC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM mxb21@psu.edu
FU National Academy of Sciences
FX We thank the National Academy of Sciences for sponsoring the workshop on
risks of unconventional shale gas development which formed the basis for
this manuscript. We thank L. Langlois for assistance with figures. Use
of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the US
government.
NR 147
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 31
U2 258
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 7
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 19
BP 11034
EP 11047
DI 10.1021/es5020482
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ7RJ
UT WOS:000343016600006
PM 25188826
ER
PT J
AU Swindle, AL
Madden, ASE
Cozzarelli, IM
Benamara, M
AF Swindle, Andrew L.
Madden, Andrew S. Elwood
Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.
Benamara, Mourad
TI Size-Dependent Reactivity of Magnetite Nanoparticles: A Field-Laboratory
Comparison
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; PARTICLE-SIZE; NATURAL-WATERS; HEMATITE
NANOPARTICLES; MINERAL NANOPARTICLES; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; DISSOLUTION
RATES; LANDFILL-LEACHATE; AGGREGATION STATE; ORGANIC-MATTER
AB Logistic challenges make direct comparisons between laboratory- and field-based investigations into the size-dependent reactivity of nanomaterials difficult. This investigation sought to compare the size-dependent reactivity of nanoparticles in a field setting to a laboratory analog using the specific example of magnetite dissolution. Synthetic magnetite nanoparticles of three size intervals, similar to 6 nm, similar to 44 nm, and similar to 90 nm were emplaced in the subsurface of the USGS research site at the Norman Landfill for up to 30 days using custom-made subsurface nanoparticle holders. Laboratory analog dissolution experiments were conducted using synthetic groundwater. Reaction products were analyzed via TEM and SEM and compared to initial particle characterizations. Field results indicated that an organic coating developed on the particle surfaces largely inhibiting reactivity. Limited dissolution occurred, with the amount of dissolution decreasing as particle size decreased. Conversely, the laboratory analogs without organics revealed greater dissolution of the smaller particles. These results showed that the presence of dissolved organics led to a nearly complete reversal in the size-dependent reactivity trends displayed between the field and laboratory experiments indicating that size-dependent trends observed in laboratory investigations may not be relevant in organic-rich natural systems.
C1 [Swindle, Andrew L.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Geol, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
[Madden, Andrew S. Elwood] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Benamara, Mourad] Univ Arkansas, Nanobio Mat Characterizat Facil, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Swindle, AL (reprint author), Wichita State Univ, Dept Geol, Wichita, KS 67260 USA.
EM andrew.swindle@wichita.edu
OI Cozzarelli, Isabelle/0000-0002-5123-1007
FU USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; USGS National Research Program
FX The authors would like to acknowledge USGS scientists Jeanne Jaeschke
for analytical support along with Jason Masoner and Kevin Smith for
field support. This research was supported by the USGS Toxic Substances
Hydrology Program and the USGS National Research Program. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 7
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 19
BP 11413
EP 11420
DI 10.1021/es500172p
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ7RJ
UT WOS:000343016600050
PM 25203482
ER
PT J
AU Yost, EE
Meyer, MT
Dietze, JE
Williams, CM
Worley-Davis, L
Lee, B
Kullman, SW
AF Yost, Erin E.
Meyer, Michael T.
Dietze, Julie E.
Williams, C. Michael
Worley-Davis, Lynn
Lee, Boknam
Kullman, Seth W.
TI Transport of Steroid Hormones, Phytoestrogens, and Estrogenic Activity
across a Swine Lagoon/Sprayfield System
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANIMAL FEEDING OPERATIONS; WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; AGRICULTURAL SOILS;
TREATMENT PLANTS; ESTRONE SULFATE; SEX-HORMONES; MANURE; FATE;
TESTOSTERONE; STREAMS
AB The inflow, transformation, and attenuation of natural steroid hormones and phytoestrogens and estrogenic activity were assessed across the lagoon/sprayfield system of a prototypical commercial swine sow operation. Free and conjugated steroid hormones (estrogens, androgens, and progesterone) were detected in urine and feces of sows across reproductive stages, with progesterone being the most abundant steroid hormone. Excreta also contained phytoestrogens indicative of a soy-based diet, particularly, daidzein, genistein, and equol. During storage in barn pits and the anaerobic lagoon, conjugated hormones dissipated, and androgens and progesterone were attenuated. Estrone and equol persisted along the waste disposal route. Following application of lagoon slurry to agricultural soils, all analytes exhibited attenuation within 2 days. However, analytes including estrone, androstenedione, progesterone, and equol remained detectable in soil at 2 months postapplication. Estrogenic activity in the yeast estrogen screen and T47D-KBluc in vitro bioassays generally tracked well with analyte concentrations. Estrone was found to be the greatest contributor to estrogenic activity across all sample types. This investigation encompasses the most comprehensive suite of natural hormone and phytoestrogen analytes examined to date across a livestock lagoon/sprayfield and provides global insight into the fate of these analytes in this widely used waste management system.
C1 [Yost, Erin E.; Kullman, Seth W.] N Carolina State Univ, Program Environm & Mol Toxicol, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Meyer, Michael T.; Dietze, Julie E.] US Geol Survey, Organ Geochem Res Lab, Lawrence, KS USA.
[Williams, C. Michael; Worley-Davis, Lynn] N Carolina State Univ, Prestage Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Lee, Boknam] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Kullman, SW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Program Environm & Mol Toxicol, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM swkullma@ncsu.edu
OI Meyer, Michael/0000-0001-6006-7985; Dietze, Julie/0000-0002-5936-5739
FU EPA STAR grant [R833420]; EPA STAIR fellowship [FP917151]; NIEHS
training grant [T32-ES007046]
FX Funding was supplied by EPA STAR grant R833420, EPA STAIR fellowship
FP917151, and NIEHS training grant T32-ES007046. Analytical support for
this project was provided by the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology
Program. We thank the owners of the field site as well as Mark Rice
(Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, NCSU), for field
sampling coordination, and Dr. David Reif and Siamek Mahmoudiandehkordi
(Department of Statistics, NCSU), for graphical consulting.
NR 60
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 9
U2 60
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 7
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 19
BP 11600
EP 11609
DI 10.1021/es5025806
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ7RJ
UT WOS:000343016600073
PM 25148584
ER
PT J
AU Kellogg, CA
Piceno, YM
Tom, LM
DeSantis, TZ
Gray, MA
Andersen, GL
AF Kellogg, Christina A.
Piceno, Yvette M.
Tom, Lauren M.
DeSantis, Todd Z.
Gray, Michael A.
Andersen, Gary L.
TI Comparing Bacterial Community Composition of Healthy and Dark
Spot-Affected Siderastrea siderea in Florida and the Caribbean
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK BAND DISEASE; CORAL MICROBIAL ECOLOGY; REEF-BUILDING CORALS;
WEST-INDIES; SHIFTS; PATTERNS; DOMINICA; DECLINE; SPREAD
AB Coral disease is one of the major causes of reef degradation. Dark Spot Syndrome (DSS) was described in the early 1990's as brown or purple amorphous areas of tissue on a coral and has since become one of the most prevalent diseases reported on Caribbean reefs. It has been identified in a number of coral species, but there is debate as to whether it is in fact the same disease in different corals. Further, it is questioned whether these macroscopic signs are in fact diagnostic of an infectious disease at all. The most commonly affected species in the Caribbean is the massive starlet coral Siderastrea siderea. We sampled this species in two locations, Dry Tortugas National Park and Virgin Islands National Park. Tissue biopsies were collected from both healthy colonies and those with dark spot lesions. Microbial-community DNA was extracted from coral samples (mucus, tissue, and skeleton), amplified using bacterial-specific primers, and applied to PhyloChip G3 microarrays to examine the bacterial diversity associated with this coral. Samples were also screened for the presence of a fungal ribotype that has recently been implicated as a causative agent of DSS in another coral species, but the amplifications were unsuccessful. S. siderea samples did not cluster consistently based on health state (i.e., normal versus dark spot). Various bacteria, including Cyanobacteria and Vibrios, were observed to have increased relative abundance in the discolored tissue, but the patterns were not consistent across all DSS samples. Overall, our findings do not support the hypothesis that DSS in S. siderea is linked to a bacterial pathogen or pathogens. This dataset provides the most comprehensive overview to date of the bacterial community associated with the scleractinian coral S. siderea.
C1 [Kellogg, Christina A.; Gray, Michael A.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Piceno, Yvette M.; Tom, Lauren M.; Andersen, Gary L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[DeSantis, Todd Z.] Second Genome Inc, San Bruno, CA USA.
RP Kellogg, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM ckellogg@usgs.gov
RI Tom, Lauren/E-9739-2015; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015; Piceno,
Yvette/I-6738-2016
OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827; Piceno, Yvette/0000-0002-7915-4699
FU Coral Reef Ecosystems Study (CREST) of the United States Geological
Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program; United States Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX This project was supported by the Coral Reef Ecosystems Study (CREST) of
the United States Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program
(http://marine.usgs.gov). A portion of this work was performed under the
auspices of the United States Department of Energy under contract
DE-AC02-05CH11231 to Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 58
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 31
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 7
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 10
AR e108767
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0108767
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AQ4VK
UT WOS:000342798000024
PM 25289937
ER
PT J
AU Spanbauer, TL
Allen, CR
Angeler, DG
Eason, T
Fritz, SC
Garmestani, AS
Nash, KL
Stone, JR
AF Spanbauer, Trisha L.
Allen, Craig R.
Angeler, David G.
Eason, Tarsha
Fritz, Sherilyn C.
Garmestani, Ahjond S.
Nash, Kirsty L.
Stone, Jeffery R.
TI Prolonged Instability Prior to a Regime Shift
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID EARLY-WARNING SIGNALS; FISHER INFORMATION; ECOLOGICAL-SYSTEMS;
MULTIDECADAL DROUGHT; CRITICAL TRANSITIONS; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; ECOSYSTEM; TIME; RESILIENCE
AB Regime shifts are generally defined as the point of 'abrupt' change in the state of a system. However, a seemingly abrupt transition can be the product of a system reorganization that has been ongoing much longer than is evident in statistical analysis of a single component of the system. Using both univariate and multivariate statistical methods, we tested a long-term high-resolution paleoecological dataset with a known change in species assemblage for a regime shift. Analysis of this dataset with Fisher Information and multivariate time series modeling showed that there was a, 2000 year period of instability prior to the regime shift. This period of instability and the subsequent regime shift coincide with regional climate change, indicating that the system is undergoing extrinsic forcing. Paleoecological records offer a unique opportunity to test tools for the detection of thresholds and stable-states, and thus to examine the long-term stability of ecosystems over periods of multiple millennia.
C1 [Spanbauer, Trisha L.; Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Spanbauer, Trisha L.; Fritz, Sherilyn C.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE USA.
[Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, Uppsala, Sweden.
[Eason, Tarsha; Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[Nash, Kirsty L.] James Cook Univ, Australian Res Council Ctr Excellence Coral Reef, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Stone, Jeffery R.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Syst, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA.
RP Spanbauer, TL (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
EM tspanbauer@unl.edu
RI Nash, Kirsty/B-5456-2015
OI Nash, Kirsty/0000-0003-0976-3197
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University
of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife
Management Institute; August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish
University of Agricultural Sciences; NSF's Integrative Graduate
Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) program (NSF) [0903469];
Sedimentary Geology & Paleobiology program (NSF) [1251678]
FX The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by a cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service, and the
Wildlife Management Institute. This work was supported in part by the
August T. Larsson Foundation of the Swedish University of Agricultural
Sciences and the NSF's Integrative Graduate Education and Research
Traineeship (IGERT) program (NSF #0903469) and the Sedimentary Geology &
Paleobiology program (NSF #1251678). The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 42
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 38
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 3
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 10
AR e108936
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0108936
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AQ3DZ
UT WOS:000342670800040
PM 25280010
ER
PT J
AU Qi, HP
Coplen, TB
Tarbox, L
Lorenz, JM
Scholl, M
AF Qi, Haiping
Coplen, Tyler B.
Tarbox, Lauren
Lorenz, Jennifer M.
Scholl, Martha
TI USGS48 Puerto Rico precipitation - a new isotopic reference material for
delta H-2 and delta O-18 measurements of water
SO ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES
LA English
DT Article
DE USGS48; isotope measurements; reference material; oxygen-18; methods and
equipment; quality control; isotope hydrology; quality assurance;
hydrogen-2
ID RATIO ANALYSIS; HYDROGEN; OXYGEN; GAS
AB A new secondary isotopic reference material has been prepared from Puerto Rico precipitation, which was filtered, homogenised, loaded into glass ampoules, sealed with a torch, autoclaved to eliminate biological activity, and calibrated by dual-inlet isotope-ratio mass spectrometry. This isotopic reference material, designated as USGS48, is intended to be one of two isotopic reference waters for daily normalisation of stable hydrogen (delta H-2) and stable oxygen (delta O-18) isotopic analysis of water with a mass spectrometer or a laser absorption spectrometer. The delta H-2 and delta O-18 values of this reference water are-2.0 +/- 0.4 and-2.224 +/- 0.012 parts per thousand, respectively, relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water on scales normalised such that the delta H-2 and delta O-18 values of Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation reference water are-428 and-55.5 parts per thousand, respectively. Each uncertainty is an estimated expanded uncertainty (U=2u(c)) about the reference value that provides an interval that has about a 95% probability of encompassing the true value. This isotopic reference water is available by the case of 144 glass ampoules containing 5mL of water in each ampoule.
C1 [Qi, Haiping; Coplen, Tyler B.; Tarbox, Lauren; Lorenz, Jennifer M.; Scholl, Martha] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Qi, HP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM haipingq@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey National Research
Program.
NR 15
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1025-6016
EI 1477-2639
J9 ISOT ENVIRON HEALT S
JI Isot. Environ. Health Stud.
PD OCT 2
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 442
EP 447
DI 10.1080/10256016.2014.905555
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AU4HQ
UT WOS:000345571800003
PM 24735353
ER
PT J
AU Tavares, VD
Gardner, AL
Ramirez-Chaves, HE
Velazco, PM
AF Tavares, Valeria Da C.
Gardner, Alfred L.
Ramirez-Chaves, Hector E.
Velazco, Paul M.
TI Systematics of Vampyressa melissa Thomas, 1926 (Chiroptera:
Phyllostomidae), with descriptions of two new species of Vampyressa
SO AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES
LA English
DT Article
ID BATS; STENODERMATINAE
AB Vampyressa melissa is a poorly known phyllostomid bat listed as vulnerable by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). Since its description in 1926, fewer than 40 V melissa have been reported in the literature, and less than half of these may have been correctly identified. During revisionary studies of Vampyressa, we uncovered two previously unrecognized species related to V melissa, all associated with higher elevation habitats (>1400 m), one from the Andes of Colombia (Vampyressa sinchi, new species) and the other from western Panama (Vampyressa elisabethae, new species) revealing that V melissa, as traditionally defined, is a composite of at least three species. In this paper, we provide a restricted diagnosis for the genus Vampyressa, an emended diagnosis of V melissa, and descriptions of the two new species. The separation of these frugivorous bats, previously identified as V melissa, into three isolated upper-elevation species, each having restricted distributions further highlights their fragile conservation status.
C1 [Tavares, Valeria Da C.] INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
[Tavares, Valeria Da C.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Div Vertebrate Zool Mammal, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Tavares, Valeria Da C.] CUNY, Grad Ctr, New York, NY USA.
[Gardner, Alfred L.] Smithsonian Inst, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist MRC 111, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Ramirez-Chaves, Hector E.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Weisbecker Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
[Velazco, Paul M.] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Paleontol, New York, NY 10024 USA.
RP Tavares, VD (reprint author), INPA, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.
RI Ramirez Chaves, Hector Emilio/B-2909-2016; Velazco, Paul/K-4186-2012
OI Ramirez Chaves, Hector Emilio/0000-0002-2454-9482; Velazco,
Paul/0000-0001-7195-7422
FU NASA [NAG5-12333, NAG5-8543]; New York Community Trust; Center for
Biodiversity and Conservation at the American Museum of Natural History;
CAPES; FAPEAM
FX This work was part of V.C.T.'s doctoral studies at City University of
New York in a joint program with the American Museum of Natural History;
V.C.T. is grateful to the committee members N. Simmons, C. Raxworthy, J.
Wahlert, R. Rockwell, and R. Voss; special thanks to N. Simmons for her
careful review of an earlier draft of this paper. The following curators
and collection staff kindly permitted access to specimens under their
care: R. Jenkins and P. Jenkins (BMNH); E.M. Versute (DZSJRP); B.D.
Patterson (FMNH); J.E. Castillo (IAvH); H. Lopez Arevalo and Y.
Munoz-Saba (ICN); R.M. Timm (KU); M. Rivas Pava (MHNUC); L. Albuja and
J. Regalado (MPEN); V. Pacheco (MUSM); J.L. Patton (MVZ); M. de Vivo
(MZUSP); L. Gordon (USNM); O.M. Garcia (UV), B. Lim and M. Engstrom
(ROM), R.J. Baker (TTU), and P. Myers (UMMZ). We are grateful to Ofelia
Mejia-Egas for allowing us to use her photograph of a live individual of
Vampyressa sinchi. This material is based upon work supported by the
NASA under awards NAG5-12333 and NAG5-8543, the New York Community
Trust, S. Donnelley, and the Center for Biodiversity and Conservation at
the American Museum of Natural History to V.C.T.; V.C.T. also thanks
CAPES and FAPEAM postdoctoral fellowship under the program
PRO-DPD/AM-PPGSS. To those people and institutions we express our
sincere thanks. We also are grateful to T. Chesser, USGS-PWRC,
Biological Survey Unit, National Museum of Natural History; B.D.
Patterson, Field Museum of Natural History; one anonymous reviewer; and
to R.S. Voss for their comments and recommendation. Any mention of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the United States government.
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY
PI NEW YORK
PA ATTN: LIBRARY-SCIENTIFIC PUBLICATIONS DISTRIBUTION, CENTRAL PK WEST AT
79TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10024-5192 USA
SN 0003-0082
EI 1937-352X
J9 AM MUS NOVIT
JI Am. Mus. Novit.
PD OCT 2
PY 2014
IS 3813
BP 1
EP 27
PG 27
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Zoology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Zoology
GA AQ2KC
UT WOS:000342613200001
ER
PT J
AU Crosby, LM
DeVera, C
Charles, K
Orem, W
AF Crosby, Lynn M.
DeVera, Christina
Charles, Kaylene
Orem, William
TI Mortality trends from lung and bronchus cancer in Boone County, WV, USA
before and after mountaintop removal mining practices
SO CANCER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 105th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research
(AACR)
CY APR 05-09, 2014
CL San Diego, CA
SP Amer Assoc Canc Res
C1 [Crosby, Lynn M.; DeVera, Christina; Orem, William] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Charles, Kaylene] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA
SN 0008-5472
EI 1538-7445
J9 CANCER RES
JI Cancer Res.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 74
IS 19
SU S
MA LB-297
DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-LB-297
PG 1
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA CB8VR
UT WOS:000349910205330
ER
PT J
AU Berry, KH
Gowan, TA
Miller, DM
Brooks, ML
AF Berry, Kristin H.
Gowan, Timothy A.
Miller, David M.
Brooks, Matthew L.
TI Models of Invasion and Establishment for African Mustard (Brassica
tournefortii)
SO INVASIVE PLANT SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Dry washes; invasion; models; roads; African mustard; Sonoran Desert;
stream channels
ID EASTERN MOJAVE DESERT; SAHARA MUSTARD; BROMUS-RUBENS; ANNUAL PLANTS;
LANDSCAPE; GERMINATION; PHENOLOGY; ROADSIDES; PATTERN; SHRUBS
AB Introduced exotic plants can drive ecosystem change. We studied invasion and establishment of Brassica tournefortii (African mustard), a noxious weed, in the Chemehuevi Valley, western Sonoran Desert, California. We used long-term data sets of photographs, transects for biomass of annual plants, and densities of African mustard collected at irregular intervals between 1979 and 2009. We suggest that African mustard may have been present in low numbers along the main route of travel, a highway, in the late 1970s; invaded the valley along a major axial valley ephemeral stream channel and the highway; and by 2009, colonized 22 km into the eastern part of the valley. We developed predictive models for invasibility and establishment of African mustard. Both during the initial invasion and after establishment, significant predictor variables of African mustard densities were surficial geology, proximity to the highway and axial valley ephemeral stream channel, and number of small ephemeral stream channels. The axial valley ephemeral stream channel was the most vulnerable of the variables to invasions. Overall, African mustard rapidly colonized and quickly became established in naturally disturbed areas, such as stream channels, where geological surfaces were young and soils were weakly developed. Older geological surfaces (e.g., desert pavements with soils 140,000 to 300,000 years old) were less vulnerable. Microhabitats also influenced densities of African mustard, with densities higher under shrubs than in the interspaces. As African mustard became established, the proportional biomass of native winter annual plants declined. Early control is important because African mustard can colonize and become well established across a valley in 20 yr.
C1 [Berry, Kristin H.; Gowan, Timothy A.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Riverside, CA 92518 USA.
[Miller, David M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Brooks, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA.
RP Berry, KH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 21803 Cactus Ave,Suite F, Riverside, CA 92518 USA.
EM kristin_berry@usgs.gov
FU USDI BLM, Geological Survey; California Department of Fish and Game;
Off-Highway Motor Vehicle Recreation Division of the California
Department of Parks and Recreation; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank J. Yee, C. Barrows, R. Marushia, K. Phillips, S. Jones, and two
anonymous reviewers for helping to improve the manuscript and J. Mack
for assistance with figures. M. Waggoner, D. LaBerteaux, P. Seamount, C.
Knowles, P. Knowles, S. Olson-Edge, P. Wood, and P. Woodman assisted
with field work. Roger Hatheway provided historical information on roads
and Highway 95. Funding was provided by the USDI BLM, Geological Survey,
and California Department of Fish and Game, and Off-Highway Motor
Vehicle Recreation Division of the California Department of Parks and
Recreation to the BLM and U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 19
PU WEED SCI SOC AMER
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 1939-7291
EI 1939-747X
J9 INVAS PLANT SCI MANA
JI Invasive Plant Sci. Manag.
PD OCT-DEC
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 4
BP 599
EP 616
DI 10.1614/IPSM-D-14-00023.1
PG 18
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AX7KU
UT WOS:000347095800007
ER
PT J
AU Loveland, TR
Mahmood, R
AF Loveland, Thomas R.
Mahmood, Rezaul
TI A DESIGN FOR A SUSTAINED ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATE FORCING AND FEEDBACKS
RELATED TO LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGE
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTH SYSTEM; CONSERVATION AREAS; FOREST DISTURBANCE; COUPLED HUMAN;
COMPLEXITY; VEGETATION; SCIENCE; MODEL
AB Land use and land cover change (LULCC) significantly influences the climate system. Hence, to prepare the nation for future climate change and variability, a sustained assessment of LULCC and its climatic impacts needs to be undertaken. To address this objective, not only do we need to determine contemporary trends in land use and land cover that affect, or are affected by, weather and climate but also identify sectors and regions that are most affected by weather and climate variability. Moreover, it is critical that we recognize land cover and regions that are most vulnerable to climate change and how end-use practices are adapting to climate change. This paper identifies a series of steps that need to be undertaken to address these key items. In addition, national-scale institutional capabilities are identified and discussed. Included in the discussions are challenges and opportunities for collaboration among these institutions for a sustained assessment.
C1 [Loveland, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
[Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Geog & Geol, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA.
[Mahmood, Rezaul] Western Kentucky Univ, Kentucky Climate Ctr, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA.
RP Mahmood, R (reprint author), Western Kentucky Univ, Dept Geog & Geol, 1906 Coll Hts Blvd, Bowling Green, KY 42101 USA.
EM mahmood.ei@ametsoc.org
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 9
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 10
BP 1563
EP 1572
DI 10.1175/BAMS-D-12-00208.1
PG 10
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AW5SZ
UT WOS:000346335400005
ER
PT J
AU Jolly, AD
Lokmer, I
Kennedy, B
Keys, HJR
Proctor, J
Lyons, JJ
Jolly, GE
AF Jolly, A. D.
Lokmer, I.
Kennedy, B.
Keys, H. J. R.
Proctor, J.
Lyons, J. J.
Jolly, G. E.
TI Active seismic sources as a proxy for seismic surface processes: An
example from the 2012 Tongariro volcanic eruptions, New Zealand
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Active seismic source; Amplitude source location; Eruption energy;
Avalanche
ID WAVE-FORM INVERSION; MOUNT-ST-HELENS; PYROCLASTIC FLOWS; JAPAN; DEBRIS;
ENERGY; SIGNALS; EVENTS
AB The 6 August 2012 eruption from Tongariro volcano's Te Maari vent comprised a complex sequence of events including at least 4 eruption pulses, a large chasm collapse, and a debris avalanche (volume of similar to 7 x 10(5) m(3)) that propagated similar to 2 km beyond the eruptive vent The eruption was poorly observed, being obscured by night time darkness, and the eruption timing must be unravelled instead from a complex seismic record that includes discrete volcanic earthquakes, a sequence of low to moderate level spasmodic tremor and an intense burst of seismic and infrasound activity that marked the eruption onset. We have discriminated the evolution of the complex surface activity by comparing active seismic source data to the seismic sequence in a new cross correlation source location approach. We dropped 11 high impact masses from helicopter to generate a range of active seismic sources in the vicinity of the eruption vent, chasm, and debris avalanche areas. We obtained 8 successful drops having an impact energy ranging from 3 to 9 x 10(6) Nm producing observable seismic signals to a distance of 5 to 10 km and having good signal to noise characteristics in the 3-12 Hz range. For the 8 drops, we picked first-P arrival times and calculated amplitude spectra for a uniform set of four stations. We then compared these proxy source excitations to the natural eruption and pre-eruption data using a moving window cross correlation approach. From the correlation processing, we obtain a best matched source position in the near vent region for the eruption period and significant down channel excitations during both the pre and post eruption periods. The total seismic energy release calculated from the new method is similar to 8 x 10(11) Nm, similar to an independently estimated calculation based on the radiated seismic energy. The new energy estimate may be more robust than those calculated from standard seismic radiation equations, which may include uncertainties about the path and site effects. The active source data carry this information directly in the waveforms, yielding a simple conversion between seismic amplitude and energy. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jolly, A. D.; Jolly, G. E.] GNS Sci, Wairakei Res Ctr, Taupo 3330, New Zealand.
[Lokmer, I.] Univ Coll Dublin, Sch Geol Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
[Kennedy, B.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Geol Sci, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
[Keys, H. J. R.] Dept Conservat, Turangi, New Zealand.
[Proctor, J.] Massey Univ, Volcan Risk Solut, Inst Nat Resources, Palmerston North 222, New Zealand.
[Lyons, J. J.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Jolly, AD (reprint author), GNS Sci, Wairakei Res Ctr, Private Bag 2000, Taupo 3330, New Zealand.
EM a.jolly@gns.cri.nz
OI Lokmer, Ivan/0000-0001-7009-1583
FU MSI
FX Field planning and operations were assisted by Brad Scott, Bubs Smith
(Tuwharetoa), Rebecca Fitzgerald, Tom Wilson, Richard Johnson and Aaron
Lister and co-authors (AJ, BK and HK). Richard Johnson, Steve Sherburn,
Craig Miller and Nico Fournier maintained the portable network. Dave
Keen weaved the manila rope into boulder drop nets. Pilot Andrew
MacIntosh piloted the helicopter. All are gratefully thanked. Tony
Hurst, Jon Carey, Hiroyuki Kumagai and an anonymous reviewer are thanked
for offering useful reviews of the manuscript. This research was
supported in part by MSI-Core research funding to GNS Science and used
photos from the GNS volcano database (VOD).
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 286
BP 317
EP 330
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.008
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AW9AZ
UT WOS:000346551400023
ER
PT J
AU Jolly, AD
Jousset, P
Lyons, JJ
Carniel, R
Fournier, N
Fry, B
Miller, C
AF Jolly, A. D.
Jousset, P.
Lyons, J. J.
Carniel, R.
Fournier, N.
Fry, B.
Miller, C.
TI Seismo-acoustic evidence for an avalanche driven phreatic eruption
through a beheaded hydrothermal system: An example from the 2012
Tongariro eruption
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Seismo-acoustic; Debris avalanche; Phreatic eruption; Energy release
ID SELF-ORGANIZING MAPS; LONG-PERIOD EVENTS; MOUNT-ST-HELENS; NEW-ZEALAND;
REDOUBT VOLCANO; UNZEN VOLCANO; STROMBOLI-VOLCANO; PYROCLASTIC FLOWS;
INFRASOUND ARRAY; RUAPEHU VOLCANO
AB The 6 August 2012 Te Maari eruption comprises a complex eruption sequence including multiple eruption pulses, a debris avalanche that propagated similar to 2 km from the vent, and the formation of a 500 m long, arcuate chasm, located similar to 300 m from the main eruption vent.
The eruption included 6 distinct impulses that were coherent across a local infrasound network marking the eruption onset at 11:52:18 (all times UTC). An eruption energy release of similar to 3 x 10(12) J was calculated using a body wave equation for radiated seismic energy. A similar calculation based on the infrasound record, shows that similar to 90% of the acoustic energy was released from three impulses at onset times 11:52:20 (similar to 20% of total eruption energy), 11:52:27 (similar to 50%), and 11:52:31 (similar to 20%). These energy impulses may coincide with eyewitness accounts describing an initial eastward directed blast, followed by a westward directed blast, and a final vertical blast.
Pre-eruption seismic activity includes numerous small unlocatable micro-earthquakes that began at 11:46:50. Two larger high frequency earthquakes were recorded at 11:49:06 and 11:49:21 followed directly by a third earthquake at 11:50:17. The first event was located within the scarp based on an arrival time location from good first P arrival times and probably represents the onset of the debris avalanche. The third event was a tornillo, characterised by a 0.8 Hz single frequency resonance, and has a resonator attenuation factor of Q similar to 40, consistent with a bubbly fluid filled resonator. This contrasts with a similar tornillo event occurring 2.5 weeks earlier having Q similar to 250-1000, consistent with a dusty gas charged resonator. We surmise from pre-eruption seismicity, and the observed attenuation change, that the debris avalanche resulted from the influx of fluids into the hydrothermal system, causing destabilisation and failure. The beheaded hydrothermal system may have then caused depressurisation frothing of the remaining gas charged system leading to the onset of explosive activity. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jolly, A. D.; Fournier, N.; Miller, C.] GNS Sci, Wairakei Res Ctr, Taupo 3330, New Zealand.
[Jousset, P.] Helmholtz Ctr GFZ, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Lyons, J. J.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Carniel, R.] Natl Res Univ Informat Technol Mech & Opt, Int Syst Lab, Geognosis Proj, St Petersburg 197101, Russia.
[Fry, B.] GNS Sci, Lower Hutt 5010, New Zealand.
RP Jolly, AD (reprint author), GNS Sci, Wairakei Res Ctr, Private Bag 2000, Taupo 3330, New Zealand.
EM a.jolly@gns.cri.nz
RI Carniel, Roberto/A-7044-2008;
OI Carniel, Roberto/0000-0001-8391-2512; Miller, Craig/0000-0001-8499-0352
NR 69
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 286
BP 331
EP 347
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2014.04.007
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AW9AZ
UT WOS:000346551400024
ER
PT J
AU Goode, MJ
Beaver, JT
Muller, LI
Clark, JD
van Manen, FT
Harper, CA
Basinger, PS
AF Goode, Matthew J.
Beaver, Jared T.
Muller, Lisa I.
Clark, Joseph D.
van Manen, Frank T.
Harper, Craig A.
Basinger, P. Seth
TI Capture-recapture of white-tailed deer using DNA from fecal pellet
groups
SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING POPULATION-SIZE; MARK-RECAPTURE; BEAR POPULATION; BROWN
BEARS; DENSITY ESTIMATORS; NATIONAL-PARK; MULE-DEER; FOREST; ABUNDANCE;
FECES
AB Traditional methods for estimating white-tailed deer population size and density are affected by behavioral biases, poor detection in densely forested areas, and invalid techniques for estimating effective trapping area. We evaluated a noninvasive method of capture-recapture for white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus density estimation using DNA extracted from fecal pellets as an individual marker and for gender determination, coupled with a spatial detection function to estimate density (spatially explicit capture-recapture, SECR). We collected pellet groups from 11 to 22 January 2010 at randomly selected sites within a 1-km(2) area located on Arnold Air Force Base in Coffee and Franklin counties, Tennessee. We searched 703 10-m radius plots and collected 352 pellet-group samples from 197 plots over five two-day sampling intervals. Using only the freshest pellets we recorded 140 captures of 33 different animals (15M: 18F). Male and female densities were 1.9 (SE = 0.8) and 3.8 (SE = 1.3) deer km(-2), or a total density of 5.8 deer km(-2) (14.9 deer mile(-2)). Population size was 20.8 (SE = 7.6) over a 360-ha area, and sex ratio was 1.0 M: 2.0 F (SE = 0.71). We found DNA sampling from pellet groups improved deer abundance, density and sex ratio estimates in contiguous landscapes which could be used to track responses to harvest or other management actions.
C1 [Goode, Matthew J.; Beaver, Jared T.; Muller, Lisa I.; Harper, Craig A.; Basinger, P. Seth] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Clark, Joseph D.; van Manen, Frank T.] Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Res Branch, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Goode, MJ (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 274 Ellington Hall, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM lmuller@utk.edu
OI Muller, Lisa/0000-0001-7833-2273
FU Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture and Natural Resources Innovation
Fund; Dept of Forestry, Wildlife and Fisheries; US Fish and Wildlife
Service
FX We would like to thank the Univ. of Tennessee Inst. of Agriculture and
Natural Resources Innovation Fund; Dept of Forestry, Wildlife and
Fisheries; and US Fish and Wildlife Service for funding. R. McWhite, W.
Winton and M. Black provided logistical support and help with field
work. S. Finger helped with GIS and selection of study area. We greatly
appreciate the hard-working and diligent technicians (S. McKenzie, M.
Mustin, S. Nash and A. Unger). We are appreciative of the time and
expertise from D. Paetkau and J. Benson of WGI. We also thank M. Wright
and H. Inman for administrative support. We thank M. Efford for quickly
answering questions on data analysis. Any use of trade, product or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does imply endorsement by the
US Government.
NR 81
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 6
U2 42
PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
PI RONDE
PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK
SN 0909-6396
EI 1903-220X
J9 WILDLIFE BIOL
JI Wildlife Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 5
BP 270
EP 278
DI 10.2981/wlb.00050
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AW2OG
UT WOS:000346127300003
ER
PT J
AU O'Connell-Goode, KC
Lowe, CL
Clark, JD
AF O'Connell-Goode, K. C.
Lowe, C. L.
Clark, J. D.
TI Effects of a flooding event on a threatened black bear population in
Louisiana
SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE black bear; Ursus americanus luteolus; flood; Louisiana; multistate
model; population viability
ID TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; UNOBSERVABLE STATES; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; SMALL
MAMMALS; PROGRAM MARK; CAPTURE; SURVIVAL; FLOODPLAIN; MODELS; EXTENSIONS
AB The Louisiana black bear, Ursus americanus luteolus, is listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act as a result of habitat loss and human-related mortality. Information on population-level responses of large mammals to flooding events is scarce, and we had a unique opportunity to evaluate the viability of the Upper Atchafalaya River Basin (UARB) black bear population before and after a significant flooding event. We began collecting black bear hair samples in 2007 for a DNA mark-recapture study to estimate abundance (N) and apparent survival (phi). In 2011, the Morganza Spillway was opened to divert floodwaters from the Mississippi River through the UARB, inundating >50% of our study area, potentially impacting recovery of this important bear population. To evaluate the effects of this flooding event on bear population dynamics, we used a robust design multistate model to estimate changes in transition rates from the flooded area to non-flooded area (psi(F -> NF)) before (2007-2010), during (2010-2011) and after (2011-2012) the flood. Average N across all years of study was 63.2 (SE = 5.2), excluding the year of the flooding event. Estimates of psi(F -> NF) increased from 0.014 (SE = 0.010; meaning that 1.4% of the bears moved from the flooded area to non-flooded areas) before flooding to 0.113 (SE = 0.045) during the flood year, and then decreased to 0.028 (SE = 0.035) after the flood. Although we demonstrated a flood effect on transition rates as hypothesized, the effect was small (88.7% of the bears remained in the flooded area during flooding) and phi was unchanged, suggesting that the 2011 flooding event had minimal impact on survival and site fidelity.
C1 [O'Connell-Goode, K. C.; Lowe, C. L.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Clark, J. D.] Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Res Branch, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP Clark, JD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Res Branch, 274 Ellington Plant Sci Bldg, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
EM jclark1@utk.edu
FU US Army Corps of Engineers; Louisiana Department of Wildlife and
Fisheries; US Fish and Wildlife Service; Roy O. Martin Timber Company;
Black Bear Conservation Coalition; University of Tennessee; US
Geological Survey
FX We wish to thank US Army Corps of Engineers, especially S. Roberts and
R. Boe, for funding this research during and after the flood event of
2011. We also wish to acknowledge the Louisiana Department of Wildlife
and Fisheries, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Roy O. Martin Timber
Company, Black Bear Conservation Coalition, University of Tennessee and
US Geological Survey for support throughout this 6-year study. M.
Davidson, D. Fuller and C. Clayton were especially helpful. J.
Laufenberg and J. Troxler provided valuable input on study design and
analysis. We are especially grateful to the editors and two anonymous
reviewers for their insight on our work. Finally, we are extremely
grateful to the numerous technicians who worked tirelessly and the
landowners and lessees for logistical support. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1367-9430
EI 1469-1795
J9 ANIM CONSERV
JI Anim. Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 17
IS 5
BP 476
EP 485
DI 10.1111/acv.12114
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT8XZ
UT WOS:000345213600009
ER
PT J
AU Brennan, A
Cross, PC
Higgs, MD
Edwards, WH
Scurlock, BM
Creel, S
AF Brennan, Angela
Cross, Paul C.
Higgs, Megan D.
Edwards, W. Henry
Scurlock, Brandon M.
Creel, Scott
TI A multi-scale assessment of animal aggregation patterns to understand
increasing pathogen seroprevalence
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE aerial survey; Brucella abortus; density-dependent transmission; elk
feedgrounds; group living; group size distribution; Lloyd's crowding;
parasite transmission; seasonal grouping; wildlife disease
ID GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; FREE-RANGING ELK; GROUP-SIZE; DISEASE
TRANSMISSION; SOCIAL-ORGANIZATION; BRUCELLA-ABORTUS; INFECTION;
DYNAMICS; WILDLIFE; POPULATIONS
AB Understanding how animal density is related to pathogen transmission is important to develop effective disease control strategies, but requires measuring density at a scale relevant to transmission. However, this is not straightforward or well-studied among large mammals with group sizes that range several orders of magnitude or aggregation patterns that vary across space and time. To address this issue, we examined spatial variation in elk (Cerous canadensis) aggregation patterns and brucellosis across 10 regions in the Greater Yellowstone Area where previous studies suggest the disease may be increasing. We hypothesized that rates of increasing brucellosis would be better related to the frequency of large groups than mean group size or population density, but we examined whether other measures of density would also explain rising seroprevalence. To do this, we measured wintering elk density and group size across multiple spatial and temporal scales from monthly aerial surveys. We used Bayesian hierarchical models and 20 years of serologic data to estimate rates of increase in brucellosis within the 10 regions, and to examine the linear relationships between these estimated rates of increase and multiple measures of aggregation. Brucellosis seroprevalence increased over time in eight regions (one region showed an estimated increase from 0.015 in 1991 to 0.26 in 2011), and these rates of increase were positively related to all measures of aggregation. The relationships were weaker when the analysis was restricted to areas where brucellosis was present for at least two years, potentially because aggregation was related to disease-establishment within a population. Our findings suggest that (1) group size did not explain brucellosis increases any better than population density and (2) some elk populations may have high densities with small groups or lower densities with large groups, but brucellosis is likely to increase in either scenario. In this case, any one control method such as reducing population density or group size may not be sufficient to reduce transmission. This study highlights the importance of examining the density-transmission relationship at multiple scales and across populations before broadly applying disease control strategies.
C1 [Brennan, Angela; Creel, Scott] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Higgs, Megan D.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Edwards, W. Henry] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Scurlock, Brandon M.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA.
RP Brennan, A (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM angie_brennan@hotmail.com
RI Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012
OI Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213
FU National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health Ecology of
Infectious Disease [DEB-1067129]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank the Wyoming Game and Fish Department for collecting, analyzing,
and compiling the serologic data. We thank D. Stinson for his flying
around the mountains of Wyoming and for keeping us safe in the air. We
also thank K. Overfield and S. Ard for their dedicated flying, and C.
Butler for his hard work as an observer. We are grateful to Teton and
Cody Interagency Dispatch for keeping up with our progress in flight.
This work was supported by the National Science Foundation and National
Institutes of Health Ecology of Infectious Disease (grant number
DEB-1067129) and the U.S. Geological Survey. Any mention of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 32
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 10
AR 138
DI 10.1890/ES14-00181.1
PG 25
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DO
UT WOS:000345097200016
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, RR
Horne, JS
Rode, KD
Regehr, EV
Durner, GM
AF Wilson, Ryan R.
Horne, Jon S.
Rode, Karyn D.
Regehr, Eric V.
Durner, George M.
TI Identifying polar bear resource selection patterns to inform offshore
development in a dynamic and changing Arctic
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Chukchi Sea; climate change; discrete choice models; dynamic
environment; movement; space use; species distribution modeling; step
selection; synoptic; Ursus maritimus; weighted distribution models
ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; WESTERN HUDSON-BAY; ICE-FREE PERIOD; SEA-ICE;
HABITAT SELECTION; URSUS-MARITIMUS; MARINE MAMMALS; BEAUFORT SEA;
HOME-RANGE; SPACE-USE
AB Although sea ice loss is the primary threat to polar bears (Ursus maritimus), little can be done to mitigate its effects without global efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Other factors, however, could exacerbate the impacts of sea ice loss on polar bears, such as exposure to increased industrial activity. The Arctic Ocean has enormous oil and gas potential, and its development is expected to increase in the coming decades. Estimates of polar bear resource selection will inform managers how bears use areas slated for oil development and to help guide conservation planning. We estimated temporally-varying resource selection patterns for non-denning adult female polar bears in the Chukchi Sea population (20082012) at two scales (i.e., home range and weekly steps) to identify factors predictive of polar bear use throughout the year, before any offshore development. From the best models at each scale, we estimated scale-integrated resource selection functions to predict polar bear space use across the population's range and determined when bears were most likely to use the region where offshore oil and gas development in the United States is slated to occur. Polar bears exhibited significant intra-annual variation in selection patterns at both scales but the strength and annual patterns of selection differed between scales for most variables. Bears were most likely to use the offshore oil and gas planning area during ice retreat and growth with the highest predicted use occurring in the southern portion of the planning area. The average proportion of predicted high-value habitat in the planning area was >15% of the total high-value habitat for the population during sea ice retreat and growth and reached a high of 50% during November 2010. Our results provide a baseline on which to judge future changes to non-denning adult female polar bear resource selection in the Chukchi Sea and help guide offshore development in the region. Lastly, our study provides a framework for assessing potential impacts of offshore oil and gas development to other polar bear populations around the Arctic.
C1 [Wilson, Ryan R.; Regehr, Eric V.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Horne, Jon S.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Rode, Karyn D.; Durner, George M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Wilson, RR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM ryan_r_wilson@fws.gov
OI Rode, Karyn/0000-0002-3328-8202
FU Alaska Department of Fish and Game; North Slope Borough; Alaska Nanuuq
Commission; National Park Service; communities of Point Hope and
Kotzebue; Selawik National Wildlife Refuge; Red Dog Mine; Teck Alaska
Inc.; Nana
FX We thank M. St. Martin, J. Wilder, and K. Titus for assisting with data
collection and logistics. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game, North
Slope Borough, the Alaska Nanuuq Commission, National Park Service, the
communities of Point Hope and Kotzebue, Selawik National Wildlife
Refuge, Red Dog Mine, Teck Alaska Inc., and Nana provided significant
support for this research. K. Oakley, T. Atwood, P. Boveng, J. Wilder,
J. Aars, C. Perham, and three anonymous reviewers provided comments on
earlier versions of the manuscript. This research was permitted under
the Marine Mammal Protection Act and Endangered Species Act under FWS
permit MA046081 and followed protocols approved by Animal Care and Use
Committees of the FWS. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
FWS. This article has been peer reviewed and approved for publication
consistent with USGS Fundamental Science Practices
(http://pubs.usgs.gov/circ/1367). Use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 90
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 12
U2 123
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 10
AR 136
DI 10.1890/ES14-00193.1
PG 24
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DO
UT WOS:000345097200014
ER
PT J
AU Paull, CK
McGann, M
Sumner, EJ
Barnes, PM
Lundsten, EM
Anderson, K
Gwiazda, R
Edwards, B
Caress, DW
AF Paull, Charles K.
McGann, Mary
Sumner, Esther J.
Barnes, Philip M.
Lundsten, Eve M.
Anderson, Krystle
Gwiazda, Roberto
Edwards, Brian
Caress, David W.
TI Sub-decadal turbidite frequency during the early Holocene: Eel Fan,
offshore northern California
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CURRENTS; CANYON; RECORD; DEPOSITS; BASIN; SEA
AB Remotely operated and autonomous underwater vehicle technologies were used to image and sample exceptional deep sea outcrops where an similar to 100-m-thick section of turbidite beds is exposed on the headwalls of two giant submarine scours on Eel submarine fan, offshore northern California (USA). These outcrops provide a rare opportunity to connect young deep-sea turbidites with their feeder system. C-14 measurements reveal that from 12.8 ka to 7.9 ka, one turbidite was being emplaced on average every 7 yr. This emplacement rate is two to three orders of magnitude higher than observed for turbidites elsewhere along the Pacific margin of North America. The turbidites contain abundant wood and shallow-dwelling foraminifera, demonstrating an efficient connection between the Eel River source and the Eel Fan sink. Turbidite recurrence intervals diminish fivefold to similar to 36 yr from 7.9 ka onward, reflecting sea-level rise and re-routing of Eel River sediments.
C1 [Paull, Charles K.; Sumner, Esther J.; Lundsten, Eve M.; Anderson, Krystle; Gwiazda, Roberto; Caress, David W.] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[McGann, Mary; Edwards, Brian] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Barnes, Philip M.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Wellington 6241, New Zealand.
RP Paull, CK (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
OI Caress, David/0000-0002-6596-9133
FU David and Lucile Packard Foundation; New Zealand Royal Society
International Mobility Fund [IMF11A-63]; National Institute of Water and
Atmospheric Research Core Funding
FX The David and Lucile Packard Foundation provided support. Barnes was
supported by New Zealand Royal Society International Mobility Fund grant
IMF11A-63 and National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Core
Funding. Richard Dodd of the University of California-Berkeley
identified pieces of wood. We thank Katherine Coble, David Piper, Brian
Romans, Jon Warrick, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 22
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 6
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 10
BP 855
EP 858
DI 10.1130/G35768.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AU1EL
UT WOS:000345363700006
ER
PT J
AU Israel, NMD
VanLandeghem, MM
Denny, S
Ingle, J
Patino, R
AF Israel, Natascha M. D.
VanLandeghem, Matthew M.
Denny, Shawn
Ingle, John
Patino, Reynaldo
TI Golden alga presence and abundance are inversely related to salinity in
a high-salinity river ecosystem, Pecos River, USA
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Harmful algae; Inland waters; Water quality; Salinity; Nutrients
ID PARVUM POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PRYMNESIUM-PARVUM; PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZATION;
BLOOM DEVELOPMENT; TOXIC HAPTOPHYTE; NEW-MEXICO; FISH; NITROGEN; TEXAS;
EUTROPHICATION
AB Prymnesium parvum (golden alga, GA) is a toxigenic harmful alga native to marine ecosystems that has also affected brackish inland waters. The first toxic bloom of GA in the western hemisphere occurred in the Pecos River, one of the saltiest rivers in North America. Environmental factors (water quality) associated with GA occurrence in this basin, however, have not been examined. Water quality and GA presence and abundance were determined at eight sites in the Pecos River basin with or without prior history of toxic blooms. Sampling was conducted monthly from January 2012 to July 2013. Specific conductance (salinity) varied spatiotemporally between 4408 and 73,786 mu S/cm. Results of graphical, principal component (PCA), and zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) regression analyses indicated that the incidence and abundance of GA are reduced as salinity increases spatiotemporally. LOWESS regression and correlation analyses of archived data for specific conductance and GA abundance at one of the study sites retrospectively confirmed the negative association between these variables. Results of PCA also suggested that at 550K) volcanism on Io to be similar to 8 TW. This work provides the first short-wavelength near-infrared survey with global coverage at all longitudes on the nightside of Io without sunlight contamination at these wavelengths. A major conclusion from this study is that 90% of all the volcanoes observed in the New Horizons LEISA near-infrared data in 2007 were also observed during the Galileo epoch, suggesting these are all long-lived hot spots.
C1 [Tsang, Constantine C. C.; Spencer, John R.] SW Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Rathbun, Julie A.] Univ Redlands, Dept Phys, Redlands, CA 92373 USA.
[Hesman, Brigette E.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Abramov, Oleg] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Tsang, CCC (reprint author), SW Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
EM con@boulder.swri.edu
FU NASA [NNX11AK15G]; New Horizons mission
FX We would like to thank the LEISA team for the archived data. We also
thank Cathy Olkin and Allen Lunsford for their help with the LEISA
calibration. This work was funded by the NASA Jupiter Data Analysis
Program NNX11AK15G and the New Horizons mission. We also thank D.
Williams and an anonymous reviewer for their comments and helpful
suggestions to improve this paper.
NR 22
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 10
BP 2222
EP 2238
DI 10.1002/2014JE004670
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU2KC
UT WOS:000345446100006
ER
PT J
AU Barnhart, WD
Benz, HM
Hayes, GP
Rubinstein, JL
Bergman, E
AF Barnhart, W. D.
Benz, H. M.
Hayes, G. P.
Rubinstein, J. L.
Bergman, E.
TI Seismological and geodetic constraints on the 2011 M(w)5.3 Trinidad,
Colorado earthquake and induced deformation in the Raton Basin
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE induced seismicity; InSAR; earthquake relocations; Raton Basin; Trinidad
Colorado earthquake
ID RADIATED SEISMIC ENERGY; DENVER EARTHQUAKES; IRAN EARTHQUAKE; SPACE;
PARAMETERS; MAGNITUDE; INJECTION; ALGORITHM; SEQUENCE; STRAIN
AB The Raton Basin of southern Colorado and northern New Mexico is an actively produced hydrocarbon basin that has experienced increased seismicity since 2001, including the August 2011 M(w)5.3 Trinidad normal faulting event. Following the 2011 earthquake, regional seismic observations were used to relocate 21 events, including the 2011 main shock, two foreshocks, and 13 aftershocks. Additionally, interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) observations of both the 2011 event and preevent basin deformation place constraint on the spatial kinematics of the 2011 event and localized basin subsidence due to ground water or gas withdrawal. We find that the 2011 earthquake ruptured an 8-10km long segment of a normal fault at depths of 1.5-6.0km within the crystalline Precambrian basement underlying the Raton Basin sedimentary rocks. The earthquake also nucleated within the crystalline basement in the vicinity of an active wastewater disposal site. The ensuing aftershock sequence demonstrated statistical properties expected for intraplate earthquakes, though the length of the 2011 earthquake is unexpectedly long for an M(w)5.3 event, suggesting that wastewater disposal may have triggered a low stress drop, otherwise natural earthquake. Additionally, preevent and postevent seismicity in the Raton Basin spatially correlates to regions of subsidence observed in InSAR time series analysis. While these observations cannot discern a causal link between hydrocarbon production and seismicity, they constrain spatial relationships between active basin deformation and geological and anthropogenic features. Furthermore, the InSAR observations highlight the utility of space-based geodetic observations for monitoring and assessing anthropogenically induced and triggered deformation.
Key Points We provide InSAR constraints on an induced earthquakeThere is a strong correlation between anthropogenic deformation and seismicityInSAR will be a valuable tool in monitoring induced seismicity
C1 [Barnhart, W. D.; Benz, H. M.; Hayes, G. P.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
[Rubinstein, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Bergman, E.] Global Seismol Serv, Golden, CO USA.
RP Barnhart, WD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
EM wbarnhart@usgs.gov
RI Barnhart, William/L-9446-2015;
OI Rubinstein, Justin/0000-0003-1274-6785
FU USGS Mendenhall postdoctoral program; USGS Geological Hazards program
FX The authors thank the Associate Editor, Chuck Wicks, and two anonymous
reviewers for comments that substantially improved this manuscript.
Envisat SAR images were acquired through the UNAVCO WInSAR data portal;
ALOS images were acquired through the Alaska Satellite Facility via a
research user agreement. This work was supported in part by the USGS
Mendenhall postdoctoral program and USGS Geological Hazards program.
Several figures were generated using the Generic Mapping Tool [Wessel
and Smith, 1998]. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 14
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 10
BP 7923
EP 7933
DI 10.1002/2014JB011227
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU1GH
UT WOS:000345368500032
ER
PT J
AU Watt, JT
Ponce, DA
Graymer, RW
Jachens, RC
Simpson, RW
AF Watt, Janet T.
Ponce, David A.
Graymer, Russell W.
Jachens, Robert C.
Simpson, Robert W.
TI Subsurface geometry of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault junction:
Influence of serpentinite and the Coast Range Ophiolite
SO TECTONICS
LA English
DT Article
DE serpentinite; fault geometry; magnetic gradient analysis; fault
connectivity; fault intersection; ophiolite
ID FRANCISCO BAY-REGION; STRIKE-SLIP FAULTS; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; HAYWARD
FAULT; PLATE BOUNDARY; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; CREEPING SEGMENT;
LARGE-EARTHQUAKE; GREAT-VALLEY; SYSTEM
AB While an enormous amount of research has been focused on trying to understand the geologic history and neotectonics of the San Andreas-Calaveras fault (SAF-CF) junction, fundamental questions concerning fault geometry and mechanisms for slip transfer through the junction remain. We use potential-field, geologic, geodetic, and seismicity data to investigate the 3-D geologic framework of the SAF-CF junction and identify potential slip-transferring structures within the junction. Geophysical evidence suggests that the San Andreas and Calaveras fault zones dip away from each other within the northern portion of the junction, bounding a triangular-shaped wedge of crust in cross section. This wedge changes shape to the south as fault geometries change and fault activity shifts between fault strands, particularly along the Calaveras fault zone (CFZ). Potential-field modeling and relocated seismicity suggest that the Paicines and San Benito strands of the CFZ dip 65 degrees to 70 degrees NE and form the southwest boundary of a folded 1 to 3km thick tabular body of Coast Range Ophiolite (CRO) within the Vallecitos syncline. We identify and characterize two steeply dipping, seismically active cross structures within the junction that are associated with serpentinite in the subsurface. The architecture of the SAF-CF junction presented in this study may help explain fault-normal motions currently observed in geodetic data and help constrain the seismic hazard. The abundance of serpentinite and related CRO in the subsurface is a significant discovery that not only helps constrain the geometry of structures but may also help explain fault behavior and the tectonic evolution of the SAF-CF junction.
C1 [Watt, Janet T.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Ponce, David A.; Graymer, Russell W.; Jachens, Robert C.; Simpson, Robert W.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Watt, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jwatt@usgs.gov
FU National Cooperative Geologic Mapping, Earthquake Hazards, and Coastal;
Marine Geology Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX All geologic, gravity, aeromagnetic, geodetic, and relocated seismicity
data used in this paper are published and publicly available (see
citations provided in the Methods section). This work was supported by
the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping, Earthquake Hazards, and
Coastal and Marine Geology Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey. We
acknowledge Pacific Gas and Electric Company for providing property
access for the collection of gravity data. We thank Roland Burgmann for
his thoughtful comments and Jeanne Hardebeck, George Hilley, and Michael
Oskin for providing constructive and thought-provoking reviews, which
greatly improved this manuscript
NR 81
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 19
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0278-7407
EI 1944-9194
J9 TECTONICS
JI Tectonics
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 10
BP 2025
EP 2044
DI 10.1002/2014TC003561
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU0CJ
UT WOS:000345290500008
ER
PT J
AU Burns, DA
Nystrom, EA
Wolock, DM
Bradley, PM
Riva-Murray, K
AF Burns, Douglas A.
Nystrom, Elizabeth A.
Wolock, David M.
Bradley, Paul M.
Riva-Murray, Karen
TI An empirical approach to modeling methylmercury concentrations in an
Adirondack stream watershed
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE mercury; stream; Adirondack; model; riparian; DOC
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; METHYL MERCURY; UNITED-STATES; SVARTBERGET
CATCHMENT; REGRESSION-MODELS; SURFACE WATERS; NEW-YORK; DEPOSITION;
TRANSPORT; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Inverse empirical models can inform and improve more complex process-based models by quantifying the principal factors that control water quality variation. Here we developed a multiple regression model that explains 81% of the variation in filtered methylmercury (FMeHg) concentrations in Fishing Brook, a fourth-order stream in the Adirondack Mountains, New York, a known hot spot of Hg bioaccumulation. This model builds on previous observations that wetland-dominated riparian areas are the principal source of MeHg to this stream and were based on 43 samples collected during a 33 month period in 2007-2009. Explanatory variables include those that represent the effects of water temperature, streamflow, and modeled riparian water table depth on seasonal and annual patterns of FMeHg concentrations. An additional variable represents the effects of an upstream pond on decreasing FMeHg concentrations. Model results suggest that temperature-driven effects on net Hg methylation rates are the principal control on annual FMeHg concentration patterns. Additionally, streamflow dilutes FMeHg concentrations during the cold dormant season. The model further indicates that depth and persistence of the riparian water table as simulated by TOPMODEL are dominant controls on FMeHg concentration patterns during the warm growing season, especially evident when concentrations during the dry summer of 2007 were less than half of those in the wetter summers of 2008 and 2009. This modeling approach may help identify the principal factors that control variation in surface water FMeHg concentrations in other settings, which can guide the appropriate application of process-based models.
C1 [Burns, Douglas A.; Nystrom, Elizabeth A.; Riva-Murray, Karen] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Wolock, David M.] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS USA.
[Bradley, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, SC USA.
RP Burns, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM daburns@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Assessment Program
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
National Water Quality Assessment Program. All water quality and
streamflow data discussed in this paper are available at
http://waterdata.usgs.gov/usa/nwis/qw (accessed 30 March 2014); site
identifier is 0131199050, Fishing Brook (County Line Flow Outlet) near
Newcomb, NY.
NR 70
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 24
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 10
BP 1970
EP 1984
DI 10.1002/2013JG002481
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AT9EC
UT WOS:000345229700004
ER
PT J
AU Breithaupt, JL
Smoak, JM
Smith, TJ
Sanders, CJ
AF Breithaupt, Joshua L.
Smoak, Joseph M.
Smith, Thomas J., III
Sanders, Christian J.
TI Temporal variability of carbon and nutrient burial, sediment accretion,
and mass accumulation over the past century in a carbonate platform
mangrove forest of the Florida Everglades
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE mangroves; Pb-210 dating; organic carbon burial; sediment accretion;
Everglades; coastal wetlands
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; SHARK RIVER ESTUARY;
GULF-OF-MEXICO; COASTAL EVERGLADES; HISTORICAL RECONSTRUCTION; SOUTHERN
THAILAND; SOIL ELEVATION; WETLAND SOILS; NATIONAL-PARK
AB The objective of this research was to measure temporal variability in accretion and mass sedimentation rates (including organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP)) from the past century in a mangrove forest on the Shark River in Everglades National Park, USA. The Pb-210 Constant Rate of Supply model was applied to six soil cores to calculate annual rates over the most recent 10, 50, and 100 year time spans. Our results show that rates integrated over longer timeframes are lower than those for shorter, recent periods of observation. Additionally, the substantial spatial variability between cores over the 10 year period is diminished over the 100 year record, raising two important implications. First, a multiple-decade assessment of soil accretion and OC burial provides a more conservative estimate and is likely to be most relevant for forecasting these rates relative to long-term processes of sea level rise and climate change mitigation. Second, a small number of sampling locations are better able to account for spatial variability over the longer periods than for the shorter periods. The site average 100year OC burial rate, 12319 (standard deviation) g m(-2)yr(-1), is low compared with global mangrove values. High TN and TP burial rates in recent decades may lead to increased soil carbon remineralization, contributing to the low carbon burial rates. Finally, the strong correlation between OC burial and accretion across this site signals the substantial contribution of OC to soil building in addition to the ecosystem service of CO2 sequestration.
C1 [Breithaupt, Joshua L.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Smoak, Joseph M.] Univ S Florida, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Geog, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Smith, Thomas J., III] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL USA.
[Sanders, Christian J.] So Cross Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Ctr Coastal Biogeochem Res, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
RP Breithaupt, JL (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM jlbreith@mail.usf.edu
OI Breithaupt, Joshua/0000-0003-0963-3253; Smoak,
Joseph/0000-0002-4322-4042
FU National Science Foundation under South Florida Water, Sustainability
Climate grant [1204079]; University of South Florida College of Marine
Science; Florida Coastal Everglades Long-term Ecological Research
program - National Science Foundation [DBI-0620409]; Environments
Program of the Ecosystems Mission Area; Greater Everglades Priority
Ecosystems Studies Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; National
Science Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Ecological Science
Center; Southern Cross University postdoctoral fellowship
FX Core data not supplied in primary tables for this paper are available in
Table S1 in the supporting information. This material is based upon work
supported by the National Science Foundation under South Florida Water,
Sustainability & Climate grant 1204079 to J.M. Smoak. J.L. Breithaupt is
grateful for funding support through the University of South Florida
College of Marine Science fellowships provided by Anne and Werner Von
Rosenstiel and the St. Petersburg Downtown Partnership, as well as a
travel grant provided by the Florida Coastal Everglades Long-term
Ecological Research program (supported by the National Science
Foundation under grant DBI-0620409). T.J. Smith III was funded by the
Environments Program of the Ecosystems Mission Area and the Greater
Everglades Priority Ecosystems Studies Program of the U.S. Geological
Survey. J.M. Smoak received funding from National Science Foundation and
U.S. Geological Survey, Southeast Ecological Science Center. C.J.
Sanders is supported by a Southern Cross University postdoctoral
fellowship. The authors thank Tom Harmon, Luciana Sanders, Gordon
Anderson, Karen Balentine, Ginger Tiling-Range, and Paul Nelson for
their assistance with field sampling and laboratory processing. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 87
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 9
U2 73
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 10
BP 2032
EP 2048
DI 10.1002/2014JG002715
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AT9EC
UT WOS:000345229700008
ER
PT J
AU Dutton, PH
Jensen, MP
Frutchey, K
Frey, A
LaCasella, E
Balazs, GH
Cruce, J
Tagarino, A
Farman, R
Tatarata, M
AF Dutton, Peter H.
Jensen, Michael P.
Frutchey, Karen
Frey, Amy
LaCasella, Erin
Balazs, George H.
Cruce, Jennifer
Tagarino, Alden
Farman, Richard
Tatarata, Miri
TI Genetic Stock Structure of Green Turtle (Chelonia mydas) Nesting
Populations across the Pacific Islands
SO PACIFIC SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTROL REGION SEQUENCES; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; DERMOCHELYS-CORIACEA; MIXED
STOCKS; PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; ATLANTIC; MTDNA; CONSERVATION; MARKERS
AB More than two decades have passed since the first studies documenting genetic population structure of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) were published. Since then many more have followed and characterization of the genetic structure of green turtle rookeries now covers most of the global distribution of the species, benefitting conservation of this threatened species worldwide. However, important data gaps still exist across a large part of the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO). This large area is made up of hundreds of scattered islands and atolls of Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia, most of which are remote and difficult to access. In this study, we assessed stock structure of green turtles throughout the WCPO using mitochondrial (mt) DNA from 805 turtles sampled across 25 nesting locations. We examined whether sequencing longer fragments (770 bp) of the control region increases resolution of stock structure and used genetic analysis to evaluate level of demographic connectivity among island nesting populations in the WCPO. We identified a total of 25 haplotypes characterized by polymorphism within the 770 bp sequences, including five new variants of haplotypes that were indistinguishable with shorter 384 bp reads from previous studies. Stock structure analysis indicated that rookeries separated by more than 1,000 km were significantly differentiated from each other, but neighboring rookeries within 500 km showed no genetic differentiation. Results presented in this paper establish that sequencing of longer fragments (770 bp) of the control region does in some cases increase resolution and that there are at least seven independent stocks in the region.
C1 [Dutton, Peter H.; Jensen, Michael P.; Frey, Amy; LaCasella, Erin] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
[Frutchey, Karen] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Balazs, George H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Turde Res Program, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA.
[Cruce, Jennifer] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Guam Natl Wildlife Refuge, Dededo, GU 96912 USA.
[Tagarino, Alden] Amer Samoa Govt, Dept Marine & Wildlife Resources, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA.
[Farman, Richard] Aquarium Lagon, Grand Terre 98807, New Caledonia.
[Tatarata, Miri] Direct Environm, Papeete 98713, Fr Polynesia.
RP Dutton, PH (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Marine Mammal & Turtle Div, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, NOAA, 8901 La Jolla Shores Dr, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA.
EM Peter.Dutton@noaa.gov
NR 51
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 3
U2 26
PU UNIV HAWAII PRESS
PI HONOLULU
PA 2840 KOLOWALU ST, HONOLULU, HI 96822 USA
SN 0030-8870
EI 1534-6188
J9 PAC SCI
JI Pac. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 68
IS 4
BP 451
EP 464
DI 10.2984/68.4.1
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA AU0JO
UT WOS:000345309400001
ER
PT J
AU Shea, K
Tildesley, MJ
Runge, MC
Fonnesbeck, CJ
Ferrari, MJ
AF Shea, Katriona
Tildesley, Michael J.
Runge, Michael C.
Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.
Ferrari, Matthew J.
TI Adaptive Management and the Value of Information: Learning Via
Intervention in Epidemiology
SO PLOS BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RISK-MANAGEMENT; MOUTH EPIDEMIC; EXPECTED VALUE; GREAT-BRITAIN; FOOT;
VACCINATION; CONSERVATION; OUTBREAK; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION
AB Optimal intervention for disease outbreaks is often impeded by severe scientific uncertainty. Adaptive management (AM), long-used in natural resource management, is a structured decision-making approach to solving dynamic problems that accounts for the value of resolving uncertainty via real-time evaluation of alternative models. We propose an AM approach to design and evaluate intervention strategies in epidemiology, using real-time surveillance to resolve model uncertainty as management proceeds, with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) culling and measles vaccination as case studies. We use simulations of alternative intervention strategies under competing models to quantify the effect of model uncertainty on decision making, in terms of the value of information, and quantify the benefit of adaptive versus static intervention strategies. Culling decisions during the 2001 UK FMD outbreak were contentious due to uncertainty about the spatial scale of transmission. The expected benefit of resolving this uncertainty prior to a new outbreak on a UK-like landscape would be 45- pound 60 pound million relative to the strategy that minimizes livestock losses averaged over alternate transmission models. AM during the outbreak would be expected to recover up to 20.1 pound million of this expected benefit. AM would also recommend a more conservative initial approach (culling of infected premises and dangerous contact farms) than would a fixed strategy (which would additionally require culling of contiguous premises). For optimal targeting of measles vaccination, based on an outbreak in Malawi in 2010, AM allows better distribution of resources across the affected region; its utility depends on uncertainty about both the at-risk population and logistical capacity. When daily vaccination rates are highly constrained, the optimal initial strategy is to conduct a small, quick campaign; a reduction in expected burden of approximately 10,000 cases could result if campaign targets can be updated on the basis of the true susceptible population. Formal incorporation of a policy to update future management actions in response to information gained in the course of an outbreak can change the optimal initial response and result in significant cost savings. AM provides a framework for using multiple models to facilitate public-health decision making and an objective basis for updating management actions in response to improved scientific understanding.
C1 [Shea, Katriona; Ferrari, Matthew J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Shea, Katriona; Ferrari, Matthew J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Tildesley, Michael J.] Univ Nottingham, Sch Vet Med & Sci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, Leics, England.
[Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Fonnesbeck, Christopher J.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA.
RP Shea, K (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM k-shea@psu.edu
RI Shea, Katriona/B-7954-2008;
OI Shea, Katriona/0000-0002-7607-8248; Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X
FU RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate of the
Department of Homeland Security; Ecology and Evolution of Infectious
Disease program of the NSF/NIH [1 R01 GM10524701]; Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation
FX This work arose out of a workshop funded by the RAPIDD program of the
Science and Technology Directorate of the Department of Homeland
Security. The authors are supported by a grant from the Ecology and
Evolution of Infectious Disease program of the NSF/NIH (award number 1
R01 GM10524701). MF is separately funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 29
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1545-7885
J9 PLOS BIOL
JI PLoS. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 10
AR e1001970
DI 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001970
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other
Topics
GA AS7WD
UT WOS:000344461700009
PM 25333371
ER
PT J
AU McLaskey, GC
Kilgore, BD
Lockner, DA
Beeler, NM
AF McLaskey, Gregory C.
Kilgore, Brian D.
Lockner, David A.
Beeler, Nicholas M.
TI Laboratory Generated M-6 Earthquakes
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Earthquake scaling; acoustic emission; stick-slip
ID SOURCE SCALING RELATIONSHIPS; ACOUSTIC-EMISSION; SOURCE PARAMETERS;
APPARENT STRESS; STICK-SLIP; GOLD MINE; INDUCED SEISMICITY;
SOUTH-AFRICA; FAULT SLIP; KM DEPTH
AB We consider whether mm-scale earthquake-like seismic events generated in laboratory experiments are consistent with our understanding of the physics of larger earthquakes. This work focuses on a population of 48 very small shocks that are foreshocks and aftershocks of stick-slip events occurring on a 2.0 m by 0.4 m simulated strike-slip fault cut through a large granite sample. Unlike the larger stick-slip events that rupture the entirety of the simulated fault, the small foreshocks and aftershocks are contained events whose properties are controlled by the rigidity of the surrounding granite blocks rather than characteristics of the experimental apparatus. The large size of the experimental apparatus, high fidelity sensors, rigorous treatment of wave propagation effects, and in situ system calibration separates this study from traditional acoustic emission analyses and allows these sources to be studied with as much rigor as larger natural earthquakes. The tiny events have short (3-6 mu s) rise times and are well modeled by simple double couple focal mechanisms that are consistent with left-lateral slip occurring on a mm-scale patch of the precut fault surface. The repeatability of the experiments indicates that they are the result of frictional processes on the simulated fault surface rather than grain crushing or fracture of fresh rock. Our waveform analysis shows no significant differences (other than size) between the M -7 to M -5.5 earthquakes reported here and larger natural earthquakes. Their source characteristics such as stress drop (1-10 MPa) appear to be entirely consistent with earthquake scaling laws derived for larger earthquakes.
C1 [McLaskey, Gregory C.; Kilgore, Brian D.; Lockner, David A.; Beeler, Nicholas M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP McLaskey, GC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM gmclaskey@usgs.gov
RI Kilgore, Brian/K-3433-2012
OI Kilgore, Brian/0000-0003-0530-7979
NR 48
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 19
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 10
BP 2601
EP 2615
DI 10.1007/s00024-013-0772-9
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AT3YC
UT WOS:000344870500006
ER
PT J
AU Baltay, AS
Beroza, GC
Ide, S
AF Baltay, Annemarie S.
Beroza, Gregory C.
Ide, Satoshi
TI Radiated Energy of Great Earthquakes from Teleseismic Empirical Green's
Function Deconvolution
SO PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE; SEISMIC ENERGY; SOURCE PARAMETERS;
SUBDUCTION ZONE; APPARENT STRESS; RUPTURE; CALIFORNIA; VARIABILITY;
DIRECTIVITY; BOUNDARY
AB We expand on the empirical Green's function deconvolution method of IDE et al. (2011) to estimate radiated energy for the six largest earthquakes worldwide over the last 10 years: 2011 M-w 9.0 Tohoku-Oki, 2004 M-w 9.1 Sumatra, 2010 M-w 8.8 Maule, 2005 M-w 8.7 Nias, 2007 M-w 8.5 Bengkulu, and 2012 M-w 8.6 off-Sumatra. Deconvolution of P, SV and SH components gives consistent energy results that are comparable to estimates found independently by other researchers. Apparent stress for the five great thrust earthquakes is between 0.4 and 0.8 MPa, while the 2012 off-Sumatra strike-slip earthquake has a higher apparent stress of 3 MPa, which is consistent with other studies that find a tendency for strike-slip events to be more energetic. Our results are within the spread of apparent stress from the wider global earthquake population over a large magnitude range. The azimuthal distribution of energy in each case shows signs of directivity, and in some cases, shows less energy radiated in the trench-ward direction, which may suggest enhanced tsunami potential. We find that eGfs as small as similar to M 6.5 can be used for teleseismic deconvolution, and that an eGf-mainshock magnitude difference of 1.5 units yields stable results. This implies that M 8 is the minimum mainshock size for which teleseismic eGf deconvolution will work well. We propose that a database of eGf events could be used to calculate radiated energy and apparent stress of great, hazardous events in near real time, i.e., promptly enough that it could contribute to rapid response measures.
C1 [Baltay, Annemarie S.; Beroza, Gregory C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ide, Satoshi] Univ Tokyo, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Tokyo, Japan.
RP Baltay, AS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM abaltay@usgs.gov
FU Gabilan Stanford Graduate Fellowship; Pacific Gas and Electric
FX IRIS Standing Order of Data (SOD) (OWENS et al. 2004) was used to
acquire Global Seismic Network (GSN) data. The authors thank Jesse
Lawrence for help with acquiring GSN data and use of SOD. The authors
thank Adrien Oth, Kevin Mayeda and Lusi Rivera for organizing and
convening the workshop "Earthquake source physics on various scales,''
and ECGS for hosting. We also thank two anonymous reviewers and the
guest editor, Adrien Oth, for their constructive comments and reviews
which improved the manuscript. A. Baltay was partially supported at
Stanford by a Gabilan Stanford Graduate Fellowship, as well as through
financial support from Pacific Gas and Electric.
NR 57
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 2
U2 10
PU SPRINGER BASEL AG
PI BASEL
PA PICASSOPLATZ 4, BASEL, 4052, SWITZERLAND
SN 0033-4553
EI 1420-9136
J9 PURE APPL GEOPHYS
JI Pure Appl. Geophys.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 171
IS 10
BP 2841
EP 2862
DI 10.1007/s00024-014-0804-0
PG 22
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AT3YC
UT WOS:000344870500018
ER
PT J
AU Koch, JC
Kikuchi, CP
Wickland, KP
Schuster, P
AF Koch, Joshua C.
Kikuchi, Colin P.
Wickland, Kimberly P.
Schuster, Paul
TI Runoff sources and flow paths in a partially burned, upland boreal
catchment underlain by permafrost
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE preferential flow; permafrost; end-member mixing; boreal catchments;
fire
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; MACKENZIE DELTA REGION; INTERIOR ALASKA;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER REPELLENCY; ALPINE CATCHMENT; YUKON RIVER; SOIL
PIPES; FIRE; THAW
AB Boreal soils in permafrost regions contain vast quantities of frozen organic material that is released to terrestrial and aquatic environments via subsurface flow paths as permafrost thaws. Longer flow paths may allow chemical reduction of solutes, nutrients, and contaminants, with implications for greenhouse gas emissions and aqueous export. Predicting boreal catchment runoff is complicated by soil heterogeneities related to variability in active layer thickness, soil type, fire history, and preferential flow potential. By coupling measurements of permeability, infiltration potential, and water chemistry with a stream chemistry end-member mixing model, we tested the hypothesis that organic soils and burned slopes are the primary sources of runoff, and that runoff from burned soils is greater due to increased hydraulic connectivity. Organic soils were more permeable than mineral soils, and 25% of infiltration moved laterally upon reaching the organic-mineral soil boundary on unburned hillslopes. A large portion of the remaining water infiltrated into deeper, less permeable soils. In contrast, burned hillslopes displayed poorly defined soil horizons, allowing rapid, mineral-rich runoff through preferential pathways at various depths. On the catchment scale, mineral/organic runoff ratios averaged 1.6 and were as high as 5.2 for an individual storm. Our results suggest that burned soils are the dominant source of water and solutes reaching the stream in summer, whereas unburned soils may provide longer term storage and residence times necessary for production of anaerobic compounds. These results are relevant to predicting how boreal catchment drainage networks and stream export will evolve given continued warming and altered fire regimes.
C1 [Koch, Joshua C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Kikuchi, Colin P.] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Wickland, Kimberly P.; Schuster, Paul] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO USA.
RP Koch, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jkoch@usgs.gov
OI Wickland, Kimberly/0000-0002-6400-0590; Koch, Joshua/0000-0001-7180-6982
FU National Research Program of the USGS; USGS Climate Effects Network;
Alaska Science Center
FX This work was supported by the National Research Program of the USGS,
the USGS Climate Effects Network, and Alaska Science Center funding
award to P. Schuster, J. Koch, and K. Kikuchi. R. Striegl assisted in
the study design and provided helpful comments on a previous draft of
the manuscript. Invaluable field support was provided by D. Halm, M.
Dornblaser, C. Steelman, K. Kelsey, J. Crawford, T. Drake, and J.
Schwarz. We are indebted to several laboratories at the USGS in Boulder,
CO, including K. Butler and G. Aiken for DOC analysis, and B. Uhle for
major ion and water isotope analysis. R. Healy provided the Guelph
permeamter and assistance with pan lysimeter design. K. Kelsey provided
useful comments on a previous version of this manuscript. We thank three
anonymous reviewers and M. Briggs for helpful comments that improved
this manuscript. Any use of trade or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
Chemical data from this paper is archived by the National Research
Program of the USGS. Other data and analyses are available from J. Koch.
NR 70
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 40
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 10
BP 8141
EP 8158
DI 10.1002/2014WR015586
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA AT2RX
UT WOS:000344783800036
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, MA
Day-Lewis, FD
Ong, JB
Harvey, JW
Lane, JW
AF Briggs, Martin A.
Day-Lewis, Frederick D.
Ong, John B.
Harvey, Judson W.
Lane, John W.
TI Dual-domain mass-transfer parameters from electrical hysteresis: Theory
and analytical approach applied to laboratory, synthetic streambed, and
groundwater experiments
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE mass-transfer; geophysics; porosity; tracer; hyporheic; contaminant
transport
ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; MACRODISPERSION EXPERIMENT; SURFACE-REACTIONS;
HYPORHEIC ZONE; AQUIFER; SITE; DENITRIFICATION; STORAGE
AB Models of dual-domain mass transfer (DDMT) are used to explain anomalous aquifer transport behavior such as the slow release of contamination and solute tracer tailing. Traditional tracer experiments to characterize DDMT are performed at the flow path scale (meters), which inherently incorporates heterogeneous exchange processes; hence, estimated effective parameters are sensitive to experimental design (i.e., duration and injection velocity). Recently, electrical geophysical methods have been used to aid in the inference of DDMT parameters because, unlike traditional fluid sampling, electrical methods can directly sense less-mobile solute dynamics and can target specific points along subsurface flow paths. Here we propose an analytical framework for graphical parameter inference based on a simple petrophysical model explaining the hysteretic relation between measurements of bulk and fluid conductivity arising in the presence of DDMT at the local scale. Analysis is graphical and involves visual inspection of hysteresis patterns to (1) determine the size of paired mobile and less-mobile porosities and (2) identify the exchange rate coefficient through simple curve fitting. We demonstrate the approach using laboratory column experimental data, synthetic streambed experimental data, and field tracer-test data. Results from the analytical approach compare favorably with results from calibration of numerical models and also independent measurements of mobile and less-mobile porosity. We show that localized electrical hysteresis patterns resulting from diffusive exchange are independent of injection velocity, indicating that repeatable parameters can be extracted under varied experimental designs, and these parameters represent the true intrinsic properties of specific volumes of porous media of aquifers and hyporheic zones.
Key Points
Mass-transfer parameters are determined analytically from electrical hysteresis Analytical parameter estimates are local and insensitive to experimental design Model parameters are comparable to physically measured characteristics 10.1002/(ISSN)1944-7973= 4 earthquake in the Raton Basin, whereas 12 occurred between August 2001 and 2013. The statistical likelihood that such a rate change would occur if earthquakes behaved randomly in time is 3.0%. Moreover, this rate change is limited to the area of industrial activity. Earthquake rates remain low in the surrounding area. Second, the vast majority of the seismicity is within 5 km of active disposal wells and is shallow, ranging between 2 and 8 km depth. The two most carefully studied earthquake sequences in 2001 and 2011 have earthquakes within 2 km of high-volume, high-injection-rate wells. Third, injection wells in the area are commonly very high volume and high rate. Two wells adjacent to the August 2011 M 5.3 earthquake injected about 4.9 million cubic meters of wastewater before the earthquake, more than seven times the amount injected at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal well that caused damaging earthquakes near Denver, Colorado, in the 1960s. The August 2011 M 5.3 event is the second-largest earthquake to date for which there is clear evidence that the earthquake sequence was induced by fluid injection.
C1 [Rubinstein, Justin L.; Ellsworth, William L.; McGarr, Arthur] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Benz, Harley M.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Rubinstein, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 58
TC 27
Z9 29
U1 4
U2 28
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2162
EP 2181
DI 10.1785/0120140009
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700002
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, EM
Wald, DJ
Worden, CB
AF Thompson, E. M.
Wald, D. J.
Worden, C. B.
TI A V-S30 Map for California with Geologic and Topographic Constraints
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID MOTION PREDICTION EQUATIONS; SEISMIC SITE CONDITIONS; GROUND-MOTION;
PROXY
AB For many earthquake engineering applications, site response is estimated through empirical correlations with the time-averaged shear-wave velocity to 30 m depth (V-S30). These applications therefore depend on the availability of either site-specific V-S30 measurements or V-S30 maps at local, regional, and global scales. Because V-S30 measurements are sparse, a proxy frequently is needed to estimate V-S30 at unsampled locations. We present a new V-S30 map for California, which accounts for observational constraints from multiple sources and spatial scales, such as geology, topography, and site-specific V-S30 measurements. We apply the geostatistical approach of regression kriging (RK) to combine these constraints for predicting V-S30. For the V-S30 trend, we start with geology-based V-S30 values and identify two distinct trends between topographic gradient and the residuals from the geology V-S30 model. One trend applies to deep and fine Quaternary alluvium, whereas the second trend is slightly stronger and applies to Pleistocene sedimentary units. The RK framework ensures that the resulting map of California is locally refined to reflect the rapidly expanding database of V-S30 measurements throughout California. We compare the accuracy of the new mapping method to a previously developed map of V-S30 for California. We also illustrate the sensitivity of ground motions to the new V-S30 map by comparing real and scenario ShakeMaps with V-S30 values from our new map to those for existing V-S30 maps.
C1 [Thompson, E. M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Wald, D. J.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Worden, C. B.] Synergetics Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
RP Thompson, EM (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
EM ethompson@mail.sdsu.edu
RI Thompson, Eric/E-6895-2010;
OI Thompson, Eric/0000-0002-6943-4806; Wald, David/0000-0002-1454-4514
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Department of the Interior, Intergovernmental
Personnel Act mobility program
FX This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Department of
the Interior, Intergovernmental Personnel Act mobility program. We thank
Alan Yong, John Douglas, and two anonymous reviewers for providing
technical reviews for this article.
NR 20
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 3
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2313
EP 2321
DI 10.1785/0120130312
PG 9
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700013
ER
PT J
AU Eberhart-Phillips, D
Thurber, C
Fletcher, JB
AF Eberhart-Phillips, Donna
Thurber, Clifford
Fletcher, Jon B.
TI Imaging P and S Attenuation in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta Region,
Northern California
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID LOCAL-EARTHQUAKE TOMOGRAPHY; SEISMIC VELOCITY STRUCTURE; FORE-ARC BASIN;
CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; GROUND-MOTION; FRANCISCO BAY; GREAT-VALLEY;
OPHIOLITIC BASEMENT; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN
AB We obtain 3D Q(P) and Q(S) models for the Delta region of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers, a large fluvial-agricultural portion of the Great Valley located between the Sierra Nevada batholith and the San Francisco Bay-Coast Ranges region of active faulting. Path attenuation t* values have been obtained for P and S data from 124 distributed earthquakes, with a longer variable window for S based on the energy integral. We use frequency dependence with an exponent of 0.5, consistent with other studies and weakly favored by the t* S data. A regional initial model was obtained by solving for Q as a function of seismic velocity. In the final model, the Great Valley basin has low Q, with very low Q(< 50) for the shallowest portion of the Delta. There is an underlying strong Q contrast to the ophiolite basement, which is thickest with highest Q under the Sacramento basin, and a change in structure is apparent across the Suisun Bay as a transition to thinner ophiolite. Moderately low Q is found in the upper crust west of the Delta region along the faults in the eastern North Bay area, whereas moderately high Q is found south of the Delta, implying potentially stronger ground motion for earthquake sources to the south. Very low Q values in the shallow crust along parts of the major fault zones may relate to sediment and abundant microfractures. In the lower crust below the San Andreas and Calaveras-Hayward-Rodgers Creek fault zones, the observed low Q is consistent with grain-size reduction in ductile shear zones and is lowest under the San Andreas, which has large cumulative strain. Similarly, moderately low Q in the ductile lower crust of the Bay area block between the major fault zones implies a broad distributed shear zone.
C1 [Eberhart-Phillips, Donna] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Thurber, Clifford] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Fletcher, Jon B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Eberhart-Phillips, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM eberhartphillips@ucdavis.edu; thurber@geology.wisc.edu;
jfletcher@usgs.gov
FU National Earthquake Hazards Reduction and National Geologic Mapping
Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); USGS, Department of the
Interior, under USGS Award [G11AP20031]
FX This work was supported by the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction and
National Geologic Mapping Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).
Research was supported by the USGS, Department of the Interior, under
USGS Award Number G11AP20031 to the University of Wisconsin-Madison. The
views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the
authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the
official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Government.
The manuscript benefitted from helpful reviews from Steve Hartzell, Fred
Pollitz, and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 44
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2322
EP 2336
DI 10.1785/0120130336
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700014
ER
PT J
AU Boore, DM
Di Alessandro, C
Abrahamson, NA
AF Boore, David M.
Di Alessandro, Carola
Abrahamson, Norman A.
TI A Generalization of the Double-Corner-Frequency Source Spectral Model
and Its Use in the SCEC BBP Validation Exercise
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUND-MOTION RELATIONS; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; LARGE EARTHQUAKES;
POINT-SOURCE; CALIFORNIA; ATTENUATION; SIMULATION
AB The stochastic method of simulating ground motions requires the specification of the shape and scaling with magnitude of the source spectrum. The spectral models commonly used are either single-corner-frequency or double-corner-frequency models, but the latter have no flexibility to vary the high-frequency spectral levels for a specified seismic moment. Two generalized double-corner-frequency omega(2) source spectral models are introduced, one in which two spectra are multiplied together and another where they are added. Both models have a low-frequency dependence controlled by the seismic moment and a high-frequency spectral level controlled by the seismic moment and a stress parameter. A wide range of spectral shapes can be obtained from these generalized spectral models, which makes them suitable for inversions of data to obtain spectral models that can be used in ground-motion simulations in situations in which adequate data are not available for purely empirical determinations of ground motions, such as in stable continental regions. As an example of the use of the generalized source spectral models, data from up to 40 stations from seven events, plus response spectra at two distances and two magnitudes from recent ground-motion prediction equations, were inverted to obtain the parameters controlling the spectral shapes, as well as a finite-fault factor that is used in point-source, stochastic-method simulations of ground motion. The fits to the data are comparable to or even better than those from finite-fault simulations, even for sites close to large earthquakes.
C1 [Boore, David M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Di Alessandro, Carola] GeoPentech Inc, Santa Ana, CA 92701 USA.
[Abrahamson, Norman A.] Pacific Gas & Elect Co, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA.
RP Boore, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM boore@usgs.gov; Carola_DiAlessandro@geopentech.com; naa2@pge.com
FU agency of the U.S. Government
FX This paper was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of
the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof,
nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or
assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party's use,
or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus, product, or
process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use by such
third party would not infringe privately owned rights. The views
expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of the U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission.
NR 27
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 5
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2387
EP 2398
DI 10.1785/0120140138
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700019
ER
PT J
AU Harp, EL
Hartzell, SH
Jibson, RW
Ramirez-Guzman, L
Schmitt, RG
AF Harp, Edwin L.
Hartzell, Stephen H.
Jibson, Randall W.
Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo
Schmitt, Robert G.
TI Relation of Landslides Triggered by the Kiholo Bay Earthquake to Modeled
Ground Motion
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-TOPOGRAPHY; 1994 NORTHRIDGE; PACOIMA-CANYON; LOS-ANGELES; ROCK
FALLS; CALIFORNIA; SITE; AMPLIFICATION; VALIDATION; SIMULATION
AB The 2006 Kiholo Bay, Hawaii, earthquake triggered high concentrations of rock falls and slides in the steep canyons of the Kohala Mountains along the north coast of Hawaii. Within these mountains and canyons a complex distribution of landslides was triggered by the earthquake shaking. In parts of the area, landslides were preferentially located on east-facing slopes, whereas in other parts of the canyons no systematic pattern prevailed with respect to slope aspect or vertical position on the slopes. The geology within the canyons is homogeneous, so we hypothesize that the variable landslide distribution is the result of localized variation in ground shaking; therefore, we used a state-of-the-art, high-resolution ground-motion simulation model to see if it could reproduce the landslide-distribution patterns. We used a 3D finite-element analysis to model earthquake shaking using a 10 m digital elevation model and slip on a finite-fault model constructed from teleseismic records of the mainshock. Ground velocity time histories were calculated up to a frequency of 5 Hz. Dynamic shear strain also was calculated and compared with the landslide distribution. Results were mixed for the velocity simulations, with some areas showing correlation of landslide locations with peak modeled ground motions but many other areas showing no such correlation. Results were much improved for the comparison with dynamic shear strain. This suggests that (1) rock falls and slides are possibly triggered by higher frequency ground motions (velocities) than those in our simulations, (2) the ground-motion velocity model needs more refinement, or (3) dynamic shear strain may be a more fundamental measurement of the decoupling process of slope materials during seismic shaking.
C1 [Harp, Edwin L.; Hartzell, Stephen H.; Jibson, Randall W.; Schmitt, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ingn Coordinac Sismol & Instrumentac Sism, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
RP Harp, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1711 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
OI Schmitt, Robert/0000-0001-8060-1954
NR 38
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 8
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2529
EP 2540
DI 10.1785/0120140047
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700029
ER
PT J
AU Boore, DM
Thompson, EM
AF Boore, David M.
Thompson, Eric M.
TI Path Durations for Use in the Stochastic-Method Simulation of Ground
Motions
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; RANDOM-VIBRATION THEORY; PREDICTION EQUATIONS;
RESPONSE SPECTRA; EARTHQUAKE; MODELS; ATTENUATION; PARAMETERS;
FREQUENCY; GENERATION
AB The stochastic method of ground-motion simulation assumes that the energy in a target spectrum is spread over a duration D-T. D-T is generally decomposed into the duration due to source effects (D-S) and to path effects (D-P). For the most commonly used source, seismological theory directly relates D-S to the source corner frequency, accounting for the magnitude scaling of D-T. In contrast, D-P is related to propagation effects that are more difficult to represent by analytic equations based on the physics of the process. We are primarily motivated to revisit D-T because the function currently employed by many implementations of the stochastic method for active tectonic regions underpredicts observed durations, leading to an overprediction of ground motions for a given target spectrum. Further, there is some inconsistency in the literature regarding which empirical duration corresponds to D-T. Thus, we begin by clarifying the relationship between empirical durations and D-T as used in the first author's implementation of the stochastic method, and then we develop a new D-P relationship. The new D-P function gives significantly longer durations than in the previous D-P function, but the relative contribution of D-P to D-T still diminishes with increasing magnitude. Thus, this correction is more important for small events or subfaults of larger events modeled with the stochastic finite-fault method.
C1 [Boore, David M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Thompson, Eric M.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Boore, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM boore@usgs.gov; ethompson@mail.sdsu.edu
RI Thompson, Eric/E-6895-2010
OI Thompson, Eric/0000-0002-6943-4806
FU agency of the U.S. Government
FX This paper was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of
the U.S. Government. Neither the U.S. Government nor any agency thereof,
nor any of their employees, makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or
assumes any legal liability or responsibility for any third party's use,
or the results of such use, of any information, apparatus, product, or
process disclosed in this report, or represents that its use by such
third party would not infringe privately owned rights. The views
expressed in this paper are not necessarily those of the U.S. Nuclear
Regulatory Commission. We thank Annemarie Baltay for useful discussions,
Tadahiro Kishida for providing some of the time series used in the
article, and K. Afshari and J. P. Stewart for providing us with their
presentation given at the 2013 Southern California Earthquake Center
(SCEC) annual meeting. We also thank Brad Aagaard, Annemarie Baltay,
Giovanna Cultrera, Tom Hanks, and an anonymous reviewer for useful
comments on the paper.
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 6
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2541
EP 2552
DI 10.1785/0120140058
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700030
ER
PT J
AU Hanks, TC
Bakun, WH
AF Hanks, Thomas C.
Bakun, William H.
TI M-log A Models and Other Curiosities
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID SEISMIC-HAZARD ANALYSIS; LARGE EARTHQUAKES; A OBSERVATIONS; MAGNITUDE;
RUPTURE; LENGTH; SLIP; CONSEQUENCES; DISPLACEMENT; AREA
AB Magnitude (M)-log area (A) relations have been the focus of considerable research in the past two decades because of their importance in estimating moment magnitude M for earthquake probability calculations and seismic-hazard analysis. For M < 6.5 earthquakes, with source dimensions less than the seismogenic width W, there is a strong consensus for constant stress-drop scaling. For the larger earthquakes (M > 7) that dominate the moment balancing in continental crust, the L-model scaling employed by Hanks and Bakun (2002, 2008) involves fault slip growing with fault length L when L > W similar to 15 km or so, requiring that static stress drops increase with increasing fault slip. Constant stress-drop representations of the same larger-earthquake data, such as Shaw (2009, 2013), require slip at depths significantly greater than W similar to 15 km. Available evidence supports neither of these requirements leaving us perplexed as to how large-earthquake ruptures initiate and propagate in continental crust. Deep slip M-log A models that involve an unknown amount of seismic moment/earthquake slip at unknown depths > W are not appropriate for use in earthquake probability studies governed by shallow-slip (depths <= W) seismic moment/earthquake slip balancing, such as those in California during the twenty-first century.
C1 [Hanks, Thomas C.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Hanks, TC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 31
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 6
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2604
EP 2610
DI 10.1785/0120130163
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700039
ER
PT J
AU Hough, SE
AF Hough, Susan E.
TI Shaking from Injection-Induced Earthquakes in the Central and Eastern
United States
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUND-MOTION; INTENSITY DATA; OKLAHOMA; STRESS; TEXAS; ATTENUATION;
CALIFORNIA; ARKANSAS; SEQUENCE; SPECTRA
AB In this study, I consider the ground motions generated by 11 moderate (M-w 4.0-5.6) earthquakes in the central and eastern United States that are thought or suspected to be induced by fluid injection. Using spatially rich intensity data from the U.S. Geological Survey "Did You Feel It?" system, I show the distance decay of intensities for all events is consistent with that observed for tectonic earthquakes in the region, but for all of the events, intensities are lower than the values predicted from an intensity prediction equation that successfully characterizes intensities for regional tectonic events. I introduce an effective intensity magnitude M-IE, defined as the magnitude that on average would generate a given intensity distribution. For all 11 events, M-IE is lower than the event magnitude by 0.4-1.3 magnitude units, with an average difference of 0.82 units. This suggests stress drops of injection-induced earthquakes are systematically lower than tectonic earthquakes by an estimated factor of 2-10. However, relatively limited data suggest intensities for epicentral distances less than 10 km are more commensurate with expectations for the event magnitude, which can be reasonably explained by the shallow focal depth of the events. The results suggest damage from injection-induced earthquakes will be especially concentrated in the immediate epicentral region.
C1 US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Hough, SE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM hough@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 7
U2 22
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 5
BP 2619
EP 2626
DI 10.1785/0120140099
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR5TG
UT WOS:000343645700041
ER
PT J
AU Egenhoff, S
Fishman, N
AF Egenhoff, Sven
Fishman, Neil
TI TRACES IN THE DARK-SEDIMENTARY PROCESSES AND FACIES GRADIENTS IN THE
UPPER DEVONIAN-LOWER MISSISSIPPIAN UPPER SHALE MEMBER OF THE BAKKEN
FORMATION, WILLISTON BASIN, NORTH DAKOTA, USA-REPLY
SO JOURNAL OF SEDIMENTARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID FLOCCULE RIPPLES
C1 [Egenhoff, Sven] Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fishman, Neil] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Egenhoff, S (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 7
PU SEPM-SOC SEDIMENTARY GEOLOGY
PI TULSA
PA 6128 EAST 38TH ST, STE 308, TULSA, OK 74135-5814 USA
SN 1527-1404
EI 1938-3681
J9 J SEDIMENT RES
JI J. Sediment. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 84
IS 10
BP 839
EP 841
DI 10.2110/jsr.2014.74
PG 3
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AR9EA
UT WOS:000343873500005
ER
PT J
AU Buchinger, TJ
Li, WM
Johnson, NS
AF Buchinger, Tyler J.
Li, Weiming
Johnson, Nicholas S.
TI Bile Salts as Semiochemicals in Fish
SO CHEMICAL SENSES
LA English
DT Review
DE chemical cue; communication; electro-olfactogram; olfaction; pheromone
ID LAMPREY PETROMYZON-MARINUS; MALE SEA LAMPREY; OLFACTORY RECEPTOR
NEURONS; EEL ANGUILLA-ANGUILLA; MIGRATORY PHEROMONE; AMINO-ACIDS;
RAINBOW-TROUT; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; INTESTINAL BACTERIA; MOZAMBIQUE
TILAPIA
AB Bile salts are potent olfactory stimuli in fishes; however the biological functions driving such sensitivity remain poorly understood. We provide an integrative review of bile salts as semiochemicals in fish. First, we present characteristics of bile salt structure, metabolism, and function that are particularly relevant to chemical communication. Bile salts display a systematic pattern of structural variation across taxa, are efficiently synthesized, and are stable in the environment. Bile salts are released into the water via the intestine, urinary tract, or gills, and are highly water soluble. Second, we consider the potential role of bile salts as semiochemicals in the contexts of detecting nearby fish, foraging, assessing risk, migrating, and spawning. Lastly, we suggest future studies on bile salts as semiochemicals further characterize release into the environment, behavioral responses by receivers, and directly test the biological contexts underlying olfactory sensitivity.
C1 [Buchinger, Tyler J.; Li, Weiming] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Johnson, Nicholas S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM njohnson@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fisheries Commission
FX This work was supported by the Great Lakes Fisheries Commission.
NR 91
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 5
U2 30
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0379-864X
EI 1464-3553
J9 CHEM SENSES
JI Chem. Senses
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 39
IS 8
BP 647
EP 654
DI 10.1093/chemse/bju039
PG 8
WC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences;
Physiology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Food Science & Technology; Neurosciences &
Neurology; Physiology
GA AR2JO
UT WOS:000343410600001
PM 25151152
ER
PT J
AU Mandler, BE
Donnelly-Nolan, JM
Grove, TL
AF Mandler, Ben E.
Donnelly-Nolan, Julie M.
Grove, Timothy L.
TI Straddling the tholeiitic/calc-alkaline transition: the effects of
modest amounts of water on magmatic differentiation at Newberry Volcano,
Oregon
SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Experimental petrology; Fractional crystallization; Cascade arc;
Newberry Volcano; Dacite
ID MEDICINE LAKE VOLCANO; HIGH-ALUMINA BASALT; CRATER LAVA-FIELD;
FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; N-CALIFORNIA; ARC
MAGMAS; TRACE-ELEMENT; THERMODYNAMIC MODELS; PRIMITIVE BASALTS
AB Melting experiments have been performed at 1 bar (anhydrous) and 1- and 2-kbar H2O-saturated conditions to study the effect of water on the differentiation of a basaltic andesite. The starting material was a mafic pumice from the compositionally zoned tuff deposited during the similar to 75 ka caldera-forming eruption of Newberry Volcano, a rear-arc volcanic center in the central Oregon Cascades. Pumices in the tuff of Newberry caldera (TNC) span a continuous silica range from 53 to 74 wt% and feature an unusually high-Na2O content of 6.5 wt% at 67 wt% SiO2. This wide range of magmatic compositions erupted in a single event makes the TNC an excellent natural laboratory in which to study the conditions of magmatic differentiation. Our experimental results and mineral-melt hygrometers/thermometers yield similar estimates of pre-eruptive H2O contents and temperatures of the TNC liquids. The most primitive (mafic) basaltic andesites record a pre-eruptive H2O content of 1.5 wt% and a liquidus temperature of 1,060-1,070 degrees C at upper crustal pressure. This modest H2O content produces a distinctive fractionation trend that is much more enriched in Na, Fe, and Ti than the calc-alkaline trend typical of wetter arc magmas, but slightly less enriched in Fe and Ti than the tholeiitic trend of dry magmas. Modest H2O contents might be expected at Newberry Volcano given its location in the Cascade rear arc, and the same fractionation trend is also observed in the rim andesites of the rear-arc Medicine Lake volcano in the southern Cascades. However, the Na-Fe-Ti enrichment characteristic of modest H2O (1-2 wt%) is also observed to the west of Newberry in magmas erupted from the arc axis, such as the Shevlin Park Tuff and several lava flows from the Three Sisters. This shows that modest-H2O magmas are being generated directly beneath the arc axis as well as in the rear arc. Because liquid lines of descent are particularly sensitive to water content in the range of 0-3 wt% H2O, they provide a quantitative and reliable tool for precisely determining pre-eruptive H2O content using major-element data from pumices or lava flows. Coupled enrichment in Na, Fe, and Ti relative to the calc-alkaline trend is a general feature of fractional crystallization in the presence of modest amounts of H2O, which may be used to look for "damp" fractionation sequences elsewhere.
C1 [Mandler, Ben E.; Grove, Timothy L.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Donnelly-Nolan, Julie M.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Mandler, BE (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
EM bmandler@mit.edu
FU NSF [EAR-0507486, EAR-1118598]
FX We express our gratitude to Rick Conrey for providing data for the
Shevlin Park Tuff, Jocelyn Fuentes for experimental and analytical
insights into the Medicine Lake rim andesites, James Pershken for
assistance with sample preparation, Jean-Arthur Olive for MATLAB
wizardry, Neel Chatterjee for assistance with the electron microprobe,
and Bob Jensen for field assistance. Thoughtful reviews from K. D.
Putirka, M. N. Brounce, M. R. Perfit, and T. W. Sisson led to a stronger
manuscript. Our thanks also go to J. Hoefs for editorial handling of
this manuscript. This research was supported by NSF grants EAR-0507486
and EAR-1118598.
NR 69
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0010-7999
EI 1432-0967
J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR
JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 168
IS 4
AR 1066
DI 10.1007/s00410-014-1066-7
PG 25
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AR7II
UT WOS:000343752400006
ER
PT J
AU Weir, LA
Royle, JA
Gazenski, KD
Villena, O
AF Weir, Linda A.
Royle, J. Andrew
Gazenski, Kimberly D.
Villena, Oswaldo
TI NORTHEAST REGIONAL AND STATE TRENDS IN ANURAN OCCUPANCY FROM CALLING
SURVEY DATA (2001-2011) FROM THE NORTH AMERICAN AMPHIBIAN MONITORING
PROGRAM
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibian monitoring; calling survey; occupancy modeling; occupancy
trends
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; BREEDING BIRD SURVEY; SPECIES OCCURRENCE;
OBSERVATION ERROR; POPULATION-CHANGE; MODELS; BIAS
AB We present the first regional trends in anuran occupancy from North American Amphibian Monitoring Program (NAAMP) data from 11 northeastern states using 11 years of data. NAAMP is a long-term monitoring program where observers collect data at assigned random roadside routes using a calling survey technique. We assessed occupancy trends for 17 species. Eight species had regional trends whose 95% posterior interval did not include zero; of these seven were negative (Anaxyrus fowleri, Acris crepitans, Pseudacris brachyphona, Pseudacris feriarum-kalmi complex, Lithobates palustris, Lithobates pipiens, and Lithobates sphenocephalus) and one was positive (Hyla versicolor-chrysoscelis complex). We also assessed state level trends for 103 species/state combinations; of these, 29 showed a decline and nine showed an increase in occupancy.
C1 [Weir, Linda A.; Royle, J. Andrew; Villena, Oswaldo] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Gazenski, Kimberly D.] IAP World Serv, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Weir, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM lweir@usgs.gov
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
FU North East Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies [2010-04]; U.S.
Geological Survey; State and Tribal Wildlife Grants Program
FX We thank all NAAMP observers and coordinators for their time and effort,
which makes the NAAMP survey possible. We also thank the following
people for technical assistance: Kinard Boone, Jang Byun, Brian DeMuth,
Allison Sussman, and Mark Wimer. The preparation of this manuscript was
partly supported by Regional Conservation Needs Grant (RNC Grant
#2010-04) awarded by the North East Association of Fish and Wildlife
Agencies and U.S. Geological Survey. State and Tribal Wildlife Grants
Program funding supports many of the state partners with coordination of
NAAMP.
NR 37
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 18
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 2
BP 223
EP 245
PG 23
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AR2FG
UT WOS:000343398400001
ER
PT J
AU Filacchione, G
Ciarniello, M
Capaccioni, F
Clark, RN
Nicholson, PD
Hedman, MM
Cuzzi, JN
Cruikshank, DP
Ore, CMD
Brown, RH
Cerroni, P
Altobelli, N
Spilker, LJ
AF Filacchione, G.
Ciarniello, M.
Capaccioni, F.
Clark, R. N.
Nicholson, P. D.
Hedman, M. M.
Cuzzi, J. N.
Cruikshank, D. P.
Ore, C. M. Dalle
Brown, R. H.
Cerroni, P.
Altobelli, N.
Spilker, L. J.
TI Cassini-VIMS observations of Saturn's main rings: I. Spectral properties
and temperature radial profiles variability with phase angle and
elevation
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Saturn, rings; Spectroscopy; Ices
ID INFRARED MAPPING SPECTROMETER; PARTICULATE SURFACES; THERMAL
OBSERVATIONS; ICY SATELLITES; DARK MATERIAL; IAPETUS; SYSTEM; MODEL;
PARTICLES; EMISSION
AB The spectral properties and thermal behavior of Saturn's rings are determined from a dataset of ten radial mosaics acquired by Cassini-VIMS (Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer) between October 29th 2004 and January 27th 2010 with phase angle ranging between 5.7 degrees and 132.4 degrees and elevation angles between -23.5 degrees and 2.6 degrees. These observations, after reduction to spectrograms, e.g. 2D arrays containing the VIS-IR (0.35-5.1 mu m) spectral information versus radial distance from Saturn (from 73.500 to 141.375 km, 400 km/bin), allow us to compare the derived spectral and thermal properties of the ring particles on a common reference. Spectral properties: rings spectra are characterized by an intense reddening at visible wavelengths while they maintain a strong similarity with water ice in the infrared domain. Significant changes in VIS reddening, water ice abundance and grain sizes are observed across different radial regions resulting in correlation with optical depth and local structures. The availability of observations taken at very different phase angles allows us to examine spectrophotometric properties of the ring's particles. When observed at high phase angles, a remarkable increase of visible reddening and water ice band depths is found, probably as a consequence of the presence of a red-colored contaminant intimately mixed within water ice grains and of multiple scattering. At low phases the analysis of the 3.2-3.6 mu m range shows faint spectral signatures at 3.42-3.52 mu m which are compatible with the CH2 aliphatic stretch. The 3.29 mu m PAH aromatic stretch absorption is not clearly detectable on this dataset. VIMS results indicate that ring particles contain about 90-95% water ice while the remaining 5-10% is consistent with different contaminants like amorphous carbon or tholins. However, we cannot exclude the presence of nanophase iron or hematite produced by iron oxidation in the rings tenuous oxygen atmosphere, intimately mixed with the ice grains. Greater pollution caused by meteoritic material is seen in the C ring and Cassini division while the low levels of aliphatic material observed by VIMS in the A and B rings particles are an evidence that they are pristine. Thermal properties: the ring-particles' temperature is retrieved by fitting the spectral position of the 3.6 mu m continuum peak observed on reflectance spectra: in case of pure water ice the position of the peak, as measured in laboratory, shifts towards shorter wavelengths when temperature decreases, moving from about 3.65 mu m at 123 K to about 3.55 mu m at 88 K. When applied to VIMS rings observations, this method allows us to infer the average temperature across ring regions sampled through 400 km-wide radial bins. Comparing VIMS temperature radial profiles with similar CIRS measurements acquired at the same time we have found a substantial agreement between the two instruments' results across the A and B rings. In general VIMS measures higher temperatures than CIRS across C ring and Cassini division as a consequence of the lower optical depth and the resulting pollution that creates a deviation from pure water ice composition of these regions. VIMS results point out that across C ring and CD the 3.6 mu m peak wavelength is always higher than across B and A rings and therefore C ring and CD are warmer than A and B rings. VIMS observations allow us to investigate also diurnal and seasonal effects: comparing antisolar and subsolar ansae observations we have measured higher temperature on the latter.
As the solar elevation angle decreases to 0 degrees (equinox), the peak's position shifts at shorter wavelengths because ring's particles becomes colder. Merging multi-wavelength data sets allow us to test different thermal models, combining the effects of particle albedo, regolith composition, grain size and thermal properties with the ring structures. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Filacchione, G.; Ciarniello, M.; Capaccioni, F.; Cerroni, P.] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, INAF IAPS, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Clark, R. N.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80228 USA.
[Nicholson, P. D.] Cornell Univ, Dept Astron, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hedman, M. M.] Univ Idaho, Dept Phys, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Cuzzi, J. N.; Cruikshank, D. P.; Ore, C. M. Dalle] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA.
[Brown, R. H.] Univ Arizona, Lunar Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Altobelli, N.] ESA ESAC, Villanueva De La Canada, Spain.
[Spilker, L. J.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Filacchione, G (reprint author), Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, INAF IAPS, Via Fosso Cavaliere, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
EM gianrico.filacchione@iaps.inaf.it
OI Cerroni, Priscilla/0000-0003-0239-2741; Ciarniello,
Mauro/0000-0002-7498-5207; Capaccioni, Fabrizio/0000-0003-1631-4314;
Filacchione, Gianrico/0000-0001-9567-0055
FU Italian Space Agency [I/015/09/0]; NASA through the Cassini project
FX The authors thank Larry W. Esposito and Cecile Ferrari for the useful
comments which improved the quality of the paper. This research has made
use of NASA's Astrophysics Data System and was completed thanks to the
financial support of the Italian Space Agency (grant I/015/09/0) and
NASA through the Cassini project.
NR 76
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 241
BP 45
EP 65
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.06.001
PG 21
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AR5IG
UT WOS:000343617900004
ER
PT J
AU Pritt, JJ
Roseman, EF
O'Brien, TP
AF Pritt, Jeremy J.
Roseman, Edward F.
O'Brien, Timothy P.
TI Mechanisms driving recruitment variability in fish: comparisons between
the Laurentian Great Lakes and marine systems
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Review
DE larval fish; Laurentian Great Lakes; life history; recruitment
ID PERCH PERCA-FLAVESCENS; WALLEYE SANDER-VITREUS; AGE-0 YELLOW PERCH;
FRESH-WATER FISH; STURGEON ACIPENSER-FULVESCENS; ALEWIFE
ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; SPRAT SPRATTUS-SPRATTUS; BALTIC COD RECRUITMENT;
SMELT OSMERUS-MORDAX; EARLY-LIFE HISTORY
AB In his seminal work, Hjort (in Fluctuations in the great fisheries of Northern Europe. Conseil Parmanent International Pour L'Exploration De La Mar. Rapports et Proces-Verbaux, 20: 1-228, 1914) observed that fish population levels fluctuated widely, year-class strength was set early in life, and egg production by adults could not alone explain variability in year-class strength. These observations laid the foundation for hypotheses on mechanisms driving recruitment variability in marine systems. More recently, researcher shave sought to explain year-class strength of important fish in the Laurentian Great Lakes and some of the hypotheses developed for marine fisheries have been transferred to Great Lakes fish. We conducted a literature review to determine the applicability of marine recruitment hypotheses to Great Lakes fish. We found that temperature, interspecific interactions, and spawner effects (abundance, age, and condition of adults) were the most important factors in explaining recruitment variability in Great Lakes fish, whereas relatively fewer studies identified bottom-up trophodynamic factors or hydrodynamic factors as important. Next, we compared recruitment between Great Lakes and Baltic Sea fish populations and found no statistical difference in factors driving recruitment between the two systems, indicating that recruitment hypotheses may often be transferable between Great Lakes and marine systems. Many recruitment hypotheses developed for marine fish have yet to be applied to Great Lakes fish. We suggest that future research on recruitment in the Great Lakes should focus on forecasting the effects of climate change and invasive species. Further, because the Great Lakes are smaller and more enclosed than marine systems, and have abundant fishery-independent data, they are excellent candidates for future hypothesis testing on recruitment in fish.
C1 [Pritt, Jeremy J.; Roseman, Edward F.; O'Brien, Timothy P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Pritt, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM jeremy.pritt@rockets.utoledo.edu
OI Roseman, Edward/0000-0002-5315-9838
NR 157
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 14
U2 70
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 8
BP 2252
EP 2267
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsu080
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AR1CB
UT WOS:000343317100025
ER
PT J
AU Welsh, SA
Cincotta, DA
Raesly, RL
AF Welsh, Stuart A.
Cincotta, Daniel A.
Raesly, Richard L.
TI First Record of the Bigeye Shiner (Notropis boops) from West Virginia
SO AMERICAN MIDLAND NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PHYLOGEOGRAPHY; CYPRINIFORMES; CYPRINIDAE; TELEOSTEI; CHUB
AB We report a population of Bigeye Shiner Notropis boops in the South Fork Hughes River drainage of the Little Kanawha River, West Virginia. A total of 27 individuals of N. boops were collected during five sampling efforts from 1999 to 2005. These specimens represent an addition to the state fauna, a distributional record for the Little Kanawha River, and an eastern range extension for this species on the Appalachian Plateau, West Virginia. Notropis boops in the South Fork Hughes River drainage likely represents a native population.
C1 [Welsh, Stuart A.] US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Cincotta, Daniel A.] Elkins Operat Ctr, West Virginia Div Nat Resources, Elkins, WV 26241 USA.
[Raesly, Richard L.] Frostburg State Univ, Dept Biol, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
RP Welsh, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 6
PU AMER MIDLAND NATURALIST
PI NOTRE DAME
PA UNIV NOTRE DAME, BOX 369, ROOM 295 GLSC, NOTRE DAME, IN 46556 USA
SN 0003-0031
EI 1938-4238
J9 AM MIDL NAT
JI Am. Midl. Nat.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 172
IS 2
BP 372
EP 375
PG 4
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ8YI
UT WOS:000343125900015
ER
PT J
AU Bishop, JL
Lane, MD
Dyar, MD
King, SJ
Brown, AJ
Swayze, GA
AF Bishop, Janice L.
Lane, Melissa D.
Dyar, M. Darby
King, Sara J.
Brown, Adrian J.
Swayze, Gregg A.
TI Spectral properties of Ca-sulfates: Gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Gypsum; sulfate; reflectance spectra; emission spectra; infrared
ID EMISSION-SPECTROSCOPY; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CALCIUM-SULFATE;
SPECTROMETER EXPERIMENT; OMEGA/MARS EXPRESS; OPTICAL-CONSTANTS;
INFRARED-EMISSION; SEA-WATER; MU-M; MINERALS
AB This study of the spectral properties of Ca-sulfates was initiated to support remote detection of these minerals on Mars. Gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite are the currently known forms of Ca-sulfates. They are typically found in sedimentary evaporites on Earth, but can also form via reaction of acidic fluids associated with volcanic activity. Reflectance, emission, transmittance, and Raman spectra are discussed here for various sample forms. Gypsum and bassanite spectra exhibit characteristic and distinct triplet bands near 1.4-1.5 mu m, a strong band near 1.93-1.94 mu m, and multiple features near 2.1-2.3 mu m attributed to H2O. Anhydrite, bassanite, and gypsum all have SO4 combination and overtone features from 4.2-5 mu m that are present in reflectance spectra. The mid-IR region spectra exhibit strong SO4 v(3) and v(4) vibrational bands near 1150-1200 and 600-680 cm(-1) (similar to 8.5 and 16 mu m), respectively. Additional weaker features are observed near 1005-1015 cm(-1) (similar to 10 mu m) for v(1) and near 470-510 cm(-1) (similar to 20 mu m) for v(2). The mid-IR H2O bending vibration occurs near 1623-1630 cm(-1) (similar to 6.2 mu m). The visible/near-infrared region spectra are brighter for the finer-grained samples. In reflectance and emission spectra of the mid-IR region the v(4) bands begin to invert for the finer-grained samples, and the v(1) vibration occurs as a band instead of a peak and has the strongest intensity for the finer-grained samples. The v(2) vibration is a sharp band for anhydrite and a broad peak for gypsum. The band center of the v(1) vibration follows a trend of decreasing frequency (increasing wavelength) with increasing hydration of the sample in the transmittance, Raman, and reflectance spectra. Anhydrite forms at elevated temperatures compared to gypsum, and at lower temperature, salt concentration, and pH than bassanite. The relative humidity controls whether bassanite or gypsum is stable. Thus, distinguishing among gypsum, bassanite, and anhydrite via remote sensing can provide constraints on the geochemical environment.
C1 [Bishop, Janice L.; King, Sara J.; Brown, Adrian J.] Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
[Lane, Melissa D.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Dyar, M. Darby] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Astron, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
[Swayze, Gregg A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Bishop, JL (reprint author), Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
EM jbishop@seti.org
FU NASA's Mars Fundamental Research Program Grant [NNX11AF116]; PGGURP
program
FX We are grateful for support from NASA's Mars Fundamental Research
Program Grant NNX11AF116. We also thank T. Hiroi at Brown University's
RELAB for measuring many of the reflectance spectra used in the study
and the PGGURP program for providing support for S. King. Thoughtful
comments from Karly Pitman and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved
the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This work is PSI Contribution Number 607.
NR 90
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 7
U2 50
PU MINERALOGICAL SOC AMER
PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 99
IS 10
BP 2105
EP 2115
DI 10.2138/am-2014-4756
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AQ6XH
UT WOS:000342956700030
ER
PT J
AU Clark, SM
Dunham, JB
McEnroe, JR
Lightcap, SW
AF Clark, Steven M.
Dunham, Jason B.
McEnroe, Jeffrey R.
Lightcap, Scott W.
TI Breeding site selection by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) in
relation to large wood additions and factors that influence reproductive
success
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; DEPENDENT HABITAT SELECTION; CHINOOK
SALMON; ANADROMOUS SALMONIDS; PACIFIC SALMON; BULL TROUT;
LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; FLUVIAL PROCESSES; SPAWNING HABITAT; CUTTHROAT
TROUT
AB The fitness of female Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) with respect to breeding behavior can be partitioned into at least four fitness components: survival to reproduction, competition for breeding sites, success of egg incubation, and suitability of the local environment near breeding sites for early rearing of juveniles. We evaluated the relative influences of habitat features linked to these fitness components with respect to selection of breeding sites by coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch). We also evaluated associations between breeding site selection and additions of large wood, as the latter were introduced into the study system as a means of restoring habitat conditions to benefit coho salmon. We used a model selection approach to organize specific habitat features into groupings reflecting fitness components and influences of large wood. Results of this work suggest that female coho salmon likely select breeding sites based on a wide range of habitat features linked to all four hypothesized fitness components. More specifically, model parameter estimates indicated that breeding site selection was most strongly influenced by proximity to pool-tail crests and deeper water (mean and maximum depths). Linkages between large wood and breeding site selection were less clear. Overall, our findings suggest that breeding site selection by coho salmon is influenced by a suite of fitness components in addition to the egg incubation environment, which has been the emphasis of much work in the past.
C1 [Clark, Steven M.; McEnroe, Jeffrey R.; Lightcap, Scott W.] Bur Land Management, Roseburg, OR 97471 USA.
[Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Clark, SM (reprint author), Bur Land Management, 777 NW Garden Valley Blvd, Roseburg, OR 97471 USA.
EM smclark@blm.gov
FU US Geological Survey; Bureau of Land Management; Oregon Department of
Fish and Wildlife; Partnership for the Umpqua Rivers
FX This research was completed in partial fulfillment of the requirements
for S. M. Clark to receive an M. S. degree in Fisheries Science in the
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife at Oregon State University. We are
grateful to the Department for their support, as well as support
provided by the US Geological Survey, Bureau of Land Management, Oregon
Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the Partnership for the Umpqua
Rivers. Field assistance was provided primarily by B. Ramirez, J. Blake,
and R. Gonzalez. Many others provided key advice and support during the
study, including D. Bateman, E. Campbell, R. Gonzalez, D. Hance, M.
Heck, K. Kirkby, R. Lovelford, D. Leer, B. Penaluna, I. Arismendi, and
J. Speece. Reviews on an early draft of this manuscript were provided by
R. Flitcroft and D. Warren. Use of any trade or firm names in this
manuscript is for reader information only and does not constitute
endorsement of any product or service by the US Government.
NR 80
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 28
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 10
BP 1498
EP 1507
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0020
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ8YE
UT WOS:000343125500006
ER
PT J
AU Manning, NF
Bossenbroek, JM
Mayer, CM
Bunnell, DB
Tyson, JT
Rudstam, LG
Jackson, JR
AF Manning, Nathan F.
Bossenbroek, Jonathan M.
Mayer, Christine M.
Bunnell, David B.
Tyson, Jeff T.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Jackson, James R.
TI Modeling turbidity type and intensity effects on the growth and
starvation mortality of age-0 yellow perch
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; SIZE-DEPENDENT PREDATION; HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS;
MUSSELS DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ONTOGENIC NICHE
SHIFTS; INDIVIDUAL-BASED MODEL; ONEIDA LAKE; LAND-USE; LARGEMOUTH BASS
AB We sought to quantify the possible population-level influence of sediment plumes and algal blooms on yellow perch (Perca flavescens), a visual predator found in systems with dynamic water clarity. We used an individual-based model (IBM), which allowed us to include variance in water clarity and the distribution of individual sizes. Our IBM was built with laboratory data showing that larval yellow perch feeding rates increased slightly as sediment turbidity level increased, but that both larval and juvenile yellow perch feeding rates decreased as phytoplankton level increased. Our IBM explained a majority of the variance in yellow perch length in data from the western and central basins of Lake Erie and Oneida Lake, with R-2 values ranging from 0.611 to 0.742. Starvation mortality was size dependent, as the greatest daily mortality rates in each simulation occurred within days of each other. Our model showed that turbidity-dependent consumption rates and temperature are key components in determining growth and starvation mortality of age-0 yellow perch, linking fish production to land-based processes that influence water clarity. These results suggest the timing and persistence of sediment plumes and algal blooms can drastically alter the growth potential and starvation mortality of a yellow perch cohort.
C1 [Manning, Nathan F.; Bossenbroek, Jonathan M.; Mayer, Christine M.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Oregon, OH 43618 USA.
[Manning, Nathan F.; Bossenbroek, Jonathan M.; Mayer, Christine M.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Oregon, OH 43618 USA.
[Bunnell, David B.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Tyson, Jeff T.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Sandusky Fisheries Res Unit, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Jackson, James R.] Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
RP Manning, NF (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, 6200 Bayshore Rd, Oregon, OH 43618 USA.
EM nfmanning@gmail.com
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; National Science Foundation [NSF
DGE-0742395]; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program through New
York State Department of Environmental Conservation
FX The authors thank the members of the Mayer and Bossenbroek labs at the
University of Toledo, Department of Environmental Sciences. This work
was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and the National
Science Foundation through grant No. NSF DGE-0742395 to the University
of Toledo's Lake Erie Center, "Graduate Learning Community at the
Land-Lake Ecosystem Interface." This is publication 2014-02 from the
University of Toledo's Lake Erie Center and contribution No. 1859 of the
USGS Great Lakes Science Center. Field collections on Oneida Lake were
supported by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration Program through
grants from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation
to the Cornell Biological Field Station. Numerous faculty, staff, and
students participated in data collection and processing, including John
Forney, Tony VanDeValk, and Tom Brooking. Authors appear in order of
contribution to this manuscript.
NR 81
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 23
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 10
BP 1544
EP 1553
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2013-0528
PG 10
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ8YE
UT WOS:000343125500010
ER
PT J
AU Cooke, SJ
Arlinghaus, R
Bartley, DM
Beard, TD
Cowx, IG
Essington, TE
Jensen, OP
Lynch, A
Taylor, WW
Watson, R
AF Cooke, S. J.
Arlinghaus, R.
Bartley, D. M.
Beard, T. D.
Cowx, I. G.
Essington, T. E.
Jensen, O. P.
Lynch, A.
Taylor, W. W.
Watson, R.
TI Where the waters meet: sharing ideas and experiences between inland and
marine realms to promote sustainable fisheries management
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT; RECREATIONAL-FISHERIES; PROTECTED AREAS;
ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FOOD SECURITY; GLOBAL FISHERIES; FRESH-WATERS;
CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; STRATEGIES
AB Although inland and marine environments, their fisheries, fishery managers, and the realm-specific management approaches are often different, there are a surprising number of similarities that frequently go unrecognized. We contend that there is much to be gained by greater cross-fertilization and exchange of ideas and strategies between realms and the people who manage them. The purpose of this paper is to provide examples of the potential or demonstrated benefits of working across aquatic boundaries for enhanced sustainable management of the world's fisheries resources. Examples include the need to (1) engage in habitat management and protection as the foundation for fisheries, (2) rethink institutional arrangements and management for open-access fisheries systems, (3) establish "reference points" and harvest control rules, (4) engage in integrated management approaches, (5) reap conservation benefits from the link to fish as food, and (6) reframe conservation and management of fish to better engage the public and industry. Cross-fertilization and knowledge transfer between realms could be realized using environment-independent curricula and symposia, joint scientific advisory councils for management, integrated development projects, and cross-realm policy dialogue. Given the interdependence of marine and inland fisheries, promoting discussion between the realms has the potential to promote meaningful advances in managing global fisheries.
C1 [Cooke, S. J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Arlinghaus, R.] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries, Dept Biol & Ecol Fishes, D-12587 Berlin, Germany.
[Arlinghaus, R.] Humboldt Univ, Chair Integrat Fisheries Management, Fac Life Sci, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
[Arlinghaus, R.] Humboldt Univ, Integrat Res Inst Transformat Human Environm Syst, Fac Life Sci, D-10115 Berlin, Germany.
[Bartley, D. M.] UN, Dept Fisheries & Aquaculture, Food & Agr Org, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
[Beard, T. D.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Cowx, I. G.] Univ Hull, Hull Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
[Essington, T. E.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Jensen, O. P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Lynch, A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Lynch, A.; Taylor, W. W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Watson, R.] Univ Tasmania, Inst Marine & Antarctic Studies, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM steven_cooke@carleton.ca
RI Cooke, Steven/F-4193-2010
OI Cooke, Steven/0000-0002-5407-0659
FU Canada Research Chairs Program; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada; Program on Social-Ecological Research by the
German Federal Ministry for Education and Research (Besatzfisch)
[01UU0907]
FX This contribution emerged from one of the themes (i.e., working across
boundaries) covered by S.J.C. as part of the J.C. Stevenson Memorial
Lectureship at the Canadian Conference for Fisheries Research in
Windsor, Ontario, January 2013. S.J.C. is supported by the Canada
Research Chairs Program and the Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada. R. A. was funded by the Program on
Social-Ecological Research by the German Federal Ministry for Education
and Research (Besatzfisch, grant No. 01UU0907). We thank Nancy Leonard
for comments on the manuscript and Keith Stamplecoskie and Robert Lennox
for formatting it. The views expressed in this publication do not
necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Food and Agriculture
Organization of the United Nations.
NR 109
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 27
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0706-652X
EI 1205-7533
J9 CAN J FISH AQUAT SCI
JI Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 71
IS 10
BP 1593
EP 1601
DI 10.1139/cjfas-2014-0176
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ8YE
UT WOS:000343125500015
ER
PT J
AU Russell, RE
Tinsley, K
Erickson, RA
Thogmartin, WE
Szymanski, J
AF Russell, Robin E.
Tinsley, Karl
Erickson, Richard A.
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
Szymanski, Jennifer
TI Estimating the spatial distribution of wintering little brown bat
populations in the eastern United States
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bats; decision-making; Myotis lucifugus; spatial modeling; species
distribution modeling; white-nose syndrome
ID WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION; MYOTIS-LUCIFUGUS;
UNCERTAINTY; MODELS; PREDICTION; WINBUGS; DISEASE; IMPACT
AB Depicting the spatial distribution of wildlife species is an important first step in developing management and conservation programs for particular species. Accurate representation of a species distribution is important for predicting the effects of climate change, land-use change, management activities, disease, and other landscape-level processes on wildlife populations. We developed models to estimate the spatial distribution of little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) wintering populations in the United States east of the 100th meridian, based on known hibernacula locations. From this data, we developed several scenarios of wintering population counts per county that incorporated uncertainty in the spatial distribution of the hibernacula as well as uncertainty in the size of the current little brown bat population. We assessed the variability in our results resulting from effects of uncertainty. Despite considerable uncertainty in the known locations of overwintering little brown bats in the eastern United States, we believe that models accurately depicting the effects of the uncertainty are useful for making management decisions as these models are a coherent organization of the best available information.
C1 [Russell, Robin E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Tinsley, Karl] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Endangered Species, Bloomington, MN USA.
[Erickson, Richard A.; Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Szymanski, Jennifer] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Endangered Species, Onalaska, WI USA.
RP Russell, RE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM rerussell@usgs.gov
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008;
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279; Russell,
Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303; Erickson, Richard/0000-0003-4649-482X
NR 46
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 39
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 4
IS 19
BP 3746
EP 3754
DI 10.1002/ece3.1215
PG 9
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA AQ9KM
UT WOS:000343171400003
PM 25614789
ER
PT J
AU Masoner, JR
Kolpin, DW
Furlong, ET
Cozzarelli, IM
Gray, JL
Schwab, EA
AF Masoner, Jason R.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Furlong, Edward T.
Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.
Gray, James L.
Schwab, Eric A.
TI Contaminants of emerging concern in fresh leachate from landfills in the
conterminous United States
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
LA English
DT Article
ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOUNDS;
WATER; FISH; ATTENUATION; POPULATION; POLLUTANTS; TRANSPORT; ESTROGEN
AB To better understand the composition of contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) in landfill leachate, fresh leachate from 19 landfills was sampled across the United States during 2011. The sampled network included 12 municipal and 7 private landfills with varying landfill waste compositions, geographic and climatic settings, ages of waste, waste loads, and leachate production. A total of 129 out of 202 CECs were detected during this study, including 62 prescription pharmaceuticals, 23 industrial chemicals, 18 nonprescription pharmaceuticals, 16 household chemicals, 6 steroid hormones, and 4 plant/animal sterols. CECs were detected in every leachate sample, with the total number of detected CECs in samples ranging from 6 to 82 (median = 31). Bisphenol A (SPA), cotinine, and N,N-diethyltoluamide (DEET) were the most frequently detected CECs, being found in 95% of the leachate samples, followed by lidocaine (89%) and camphor (84%). Other frequently detected CECs included benzophenone, naphthalene, and amphetamine, each detected in 79% of the leachate samples. CEC concentrations spanned six orders of magnitude, ranging from ng L-1 to mg L-1. Industrial and household chemicals were measured in the greatest concentrations, composing more than 82% of the total measured CEC concentrations. Maximum concentrations for three household and industrial chemicals, para-cresol (7 020 000 ng L-1), SPA (6 380 000 ng L-1), and phenol (1 550 000 ng L-1), were the largest measured, with these CECs composing 70% of the total measured CEC concentrations. Nonprescription pharmaceuticals represented 12%, plant/animal sterols 4%, prescription pharmaceuticals 1%, and steroid hormones <1% of the total measured CEC concentrations. Leachate from landfills in areas receiving greater amounts of precipitation had greater frequencies of CEC detections and concentrations in leachate than landfills receiving less precipitation.
C1 [Masoner, Jason R.] US Geol Survey, Oklahoma City, OK 73116 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Furlong, Edward T.; Gray, James L.; Schwab, Eric A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO USA.
[Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Masoner, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 202 NW 66th Bldg 7, Oklahoma City, OK 73116 USA.
EM jmasoner@usgs.gov
OI Cozzarelli, Isabelle/0000-0002-5123-1007
FU USGS Toxics Substances Hydrology Program; USGS Oklahoma Water Science
Center
FX Access to landfill sites and sampling was done through a collaborative
effort that included private solid-waste companies, State environmental
agencies, and County and municipal governments. The review comments of
Robert Eganhouse, Don Tillet, Stan Paxton, and William Andrews greatly
improved this manuscript. This project was supported by the USGS Toxics
Substances Hydrology Program and USGS Oklahoma Water Science Center.
Special thanks to Kevin Smith and Jeanne Jaeschke for helping with
preparation of sampling equipment and supplies. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 52
TC 18
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 59
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 2050-7887
EI 2050-7895
J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP
JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 10
BP 2335
EP 2354
DI 10.1039/c4em00124a
PG 20
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ9SP
UT WOS:000343196600012
PM 25111596
ER
PT J
AU Arnold, WA
Longnecker, K
Kroeger, KD
Kujawinski, EB
AF Arnold, William A.
Longnecker, Krista
Kroeger, Kevin D.
Kujawinski, Elizabeth B.
TI Molecular signature of organic nitrogen in septic-impacted groundwater
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
LA English
DT Article
ID RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WASTE-WATER; CAPE-COD; SOURCE MARKERS;
FULVIC-ACIDS; MATTER; DISCHARGE; SPECTRA; CONTAMINANTS; EFFLUENT
AB Dissolved inorganic and organic nitrogen levels are elevated in aquatic systems due to anthropogenic activities. Dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) arises from various sources, and its impact could be more clearly constrained if specific sources were identified and if the molecular-level composition of DON were better understood. In this work, the pharmaceutical carbamazepine was used to identify septic-impacted groundwater in a coastal watershed. Using ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry data, the nitrogen-containing features of the dissolved organic matter in septic-impacted and non-impacted samples were compared. The septic-impacted groundwater samples have a larger abundance of nitrogen-containing formulas. Impacted samples have additional DON features in the regions ascribed as 'protein-like' and 'lipid-like' in van Krevelen space and have more intense nitrogen-containing features in a specific region of a carbon versus mass plot. These features are potential indicators of dissolved organic nitrogen arising from septic effluents, and this work suggests that ultrahigh resolution mass spectrometry is a valuable tool to identify and characterize sources of DON.
C1 [Arnold, William A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Environm & Geoengn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Arnold, William A.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Longnecker, Krista; Kujawinski, Elizabeth B.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Kroeger, Kevin D.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Arnold, WA (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Environm & Geoengn, 500 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM arnol032@umn.edu
OI Kroeger, Kevin/0000-0002-4272-2349; Arnold, William/0000-0003-0814-5469
FU Deep Ocean Exploration and Coastal Ocean Institutes at WHOI; University
of Minnesota Institute on the Environment
FX Thanks to Melissa Kido Soule for performing the carbamazepine and
ESI-FT-ICR-MS analyses, Paul Henderson for performing the nutrient
analyses, Yina Liu for assistance with MATLAB, the U.S. Geological
Survey (Denis LeBlanc and John Colman) for assistance with sampling at
Site D and providing additional water quality data, and Matthew Charette
for helpful discussions. The Deep Ocean Exploration and Coastal Ocean
Institutes at WHOI and the University of Minnesota Institute on the
Environment are thanked for financial support.
NR 50
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 28
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 2050-7887
EI 2050-7895
J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP
JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 16
IS 10
BP 2400
EP 2407
DI 10.1039/c4em00289j
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ9SP
UT WOS:000343196600018
PM 25142948
ER
PT J
AU D'Alba, L
Van Hemert, C
Spencer, KA
Heidinger, BJ
Gill, L
Evans, NP
Monaghan, P
Handel, CM
Shawkey, MD
AF D'Alba, Liliana
Van Hemert, Caroline
Spencer, Karen A.
Heidinger, Britt J.
Gill, Lisa
Evans, Neil P.
Monaghan, Pat
Handel, Colleen M.
Shawkey, Matthew D.
TI Melanin-Based Color of Plumage: Role of Condition and of Feathers'
Microstructure
SO INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK-CAPPED CHICKADEES; INTERNAL ABSORPTION-COEFFICIENT; AVIAN KERATIN
DISORDER; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; POECILE-ATRICAPILLUS; BEAK DEFORMITIES;
ZEBRA FINCHES; CORTICOSTERONE; BIRDS; STRESS
AB Whether melanin-based colors honestly signal a bird's condition during the growth of feathers is controversial, and it is unclear if, or how, the physiological processes underlying melanogenesis or the role of the microstructure of feathers in imparting structural color to feathers may be adversely affected by condition. Here, we report results from two experiments designed to measure the effect of condition on expression of eumelanic and pheomelanic coloration in black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata), respectively. In chickadees, we compared feathers of birds affected and unaffected by avian keratin disorder, whereas in zebra finches we compared feathers of controls with feathers of those subjected to an unpredictable food supply during development. In both cases, we found that control birds had brighter feathers (higher total reflectance) and more barbules, but similar densities of melanosomes. In addition, the microstructure of the feathers explained variation in color more strongly than did melanosome density. Together, these results suggest that melanin-based coloration may in part be condition-dependent, but that this may be driven by changes in keratin and feather development, rather than melanogenesis itself. Researchers should be cautious when assigning variation in melanin-based color to melanin alone and microstructure of the feather should be taken into account.
C1 [D'Alba, Liliana; Shawkey, Matthew D.] Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
[Van Hemert, Caroline; Handel, Colleen M.] USGS Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Spencer, Karen A.] Univ St Andrews, Sch Psychol & Neurosci, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland.
[Heidinger, Britt J.] N Dakota State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Fargo, ND 58105 USA.
[Gill, Lisa] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Seewiesen, Germany.
[Evans, Neil P.; Monaghan, Pat] Univ Glasgow, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland.
RP D'Alba, L (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Biol, Akron, OH 44325 USA.
EM liliana@uakron.edu
RI Spencer, Karen/B-3177-2015; Monaghan, Pat/E-6810-2015;
OI Spencer, Karen/0000-0002-2851-9379; Shawkey,
Matthew/0000-0002-5131-8209; D'Alba, Liliana/0000-0002-2478-3455;
Handel, Colleen/0000-0002-0267-7408
FU Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) [RGY-0083]; Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-13-1-0222]; BBSRC; National Science
Foundation; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
(BBSRC) Standard Grant [BB/D010896/1]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Human Frontier Science Program (HFSP) RGY-0083 and Air Force Office of
Scientific Research (AFOSR) FA9550-13-1-0222 grants [to M. D. S.]; BBSRC
David Phillips Fellowship [to K. A. S.]; National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship [to C. V.]; Biotechnology and Biological
Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Standard Grant [BB/D010896/1 to K. A.
S.]; and the U.S. Geological Survey [to C.M.H.].
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 45
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1540-7063
EI 1557-7023
J9 INTEGR COMP BIOL
JI Integr. Comp. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 54
IS 4
BP 633
EP 644
DI 10.1093/icb/icu094
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AR1BM
UT WOS:000343314700010
PM 24987010
ER
PT J
AU Knutson, KC
Pyke, DA
Wirth, TA
Arkle, RS
Pilliod, DS
Brooks, ML
Chambers, JC
Grace, JB
AF Knutson, Kevin C.
Pyke, David A.
Wirth, Troy A.
Arkle, Robert S.
Pilliod, David S.
Brooks, Matthew L.
Chambers, Jeanne C.
Grace, James B.
TI Long-term effects of seeding after wildfire on vegetation in Great Basin
shrubland ecosystems
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aerial seeding; Artemisia tridentata; Bromus; cheatgrass; drill seeding;
exotic annuals; non-native annuals; restoration; sagebrush; semi-arid
ID BROMUS-TECTORUM; TUSSOCK GRASSES; FIRE; SAGEBRUSH; DISTURBANCE;
RANGELANDS; INCREASES; EROSION; USA
AB 1. Invasive annual grasses alter fire regimes in shrubland ecosystems of the western USA, threatening ecosystem function and fragmenting habitats necessary for shrub-obligate species such as greater sage-grouse. Post-fire stabilization and rehabilitation treatments have been administered to stabilize soils, reduce invasive species spread and restore or establish sustainable ecosystems in which native species are well represented. Long-term effectiveness of these treatments has rarely been evaluated.
2. We studied vegetation at 88 sites where aerial or drill seeding was implemented following fires between 1990 and 2003 in Great Basin (USA) shrublands. We examined sites on loamy soils that burned only once since 1970 to eliminate confounding effects of recurrent fire and to assess soils most conducive to establishment of seeded species. We evaluated whether seeding provided greater cover of perennial seeded species than burned-unseeded and unburned-unseeded sites, while also accounting for environmental variation.
3. Post-fire seeding of native perennial grasses generally did not increase cover relative to burned-unseeded areas. Native perennial grass cover did, however, increase after drill seeding when competitive non-natives were not included in mixes. Seeding non-native perennial grasses and the shrub Bassia prostrata resulted in more vegetative cover in aerial and drill seeding, with non-native perennial grass cover increasing with annual precipitation. Seeding native shrubs, particularly Artemisia tridentata, did not increase shrub cover or density in burned areas. Cover of undesirable, non-native annual grasses was lower in drill seeded relative to unseeded areas, but only at higher elevations.
4. Synthesis and applications. Management objectives are more likely to be met in high-elevation or precipitation locations where establishment of perennial grasses occurred. On lower and drier sites, management objectives are unlikely to be met with seeding alone. Intensive restoration methods such as invasive plant control and/or repeated sowings after establishment failures due to weather may be required in subsequent years. Managers might consider using native-only seed mixtures when establishment of native perennial grasses is the goal. Post-fire rehabilitation provides a land treatment example where long-term monitoring can inform adaptive management decisions to meet future objectives, particularly in arid landscapes where recovery is slow.
C1 [Knutson, Kevin C.; Pyke, David A.; Wirth, Troy A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Arkle, Robert S.; Pilliod, David S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Brooks, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, Oakhurst, CA 93644 USA.
[Chambers, Jeanne C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Pyke, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM david_a_pyke@usgs.gov
FU Joint Fire Science Programme [09-S-02-1]; US Geological Survey
FX Project was funded by Joint Fire Science Programme (project ID
09-S-02-1) and US Geological Survey. Authors thank BLM offices and
personnel for data and advice; J. Welty for LTDL assistance; A. Muldoon
for statistical advice; field crew members; M. Pellant, J. James, M.
Cadotte and one anonymous reviewer for improving manuscript. Any use of
trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 35
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 8
U2 77
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 5
BP 1414
EP 1424
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12309
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ5LS
UT WOS:000342851300031
ER
PT J
AU Clement, MJ
Rodhouse, TJ
Ormsbee, PC
Szewczak, JM
Nichols, JD
AF Clement, Matthew J.
Rodhouse, Thomas J.
Ormsbee, Patricia C.
Szewczak, Joseph M.
Nichols, James D.
TI Accounting for false-positive acoustic detections of bats using
occupancy models
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE acoustic survey; Chiroptera; conditional probability of occupancy;
detection; false positive; mist-net survey; Myotis lucifugus; SonoBat;
species identification
ID ECHOLOCATION CALLS; SITE OCCUPANCY; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; ULTRASONIC
DETECTORS; FIELD IDENTIFICATION; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; MYOTIS-YUMANENSIS;
OBSERVATION ERROR; POINT COUNTS; CLASSIFICATION
AB 1. Acoustic surveys have become a common survey method for bats and other vocal taxa. Previous work shows that bat echolocation may be misidentified, but common analytic methods, such as occupancy models, assume that misidentifications do not occur. Unless rare, such misidentifications could lead to incorrect inferences with significant management implications.
2. We fit a false-positive occupancy model to data from paired bat detector and mist-net surveys to estimate probability of presence when survey data may include false positives. We compared estimated occupancy and detection rates to those obtained from a standard occupancy model. We also derived a formula to estimate the probability that bats were present at a site given its detection history. As an example, we analysed survey data for little brown bats Myotis lucifugus from 135 sites in Washington and Oregon, USA.
3. We estimated that at an unoccupied site, acoustic surveys had a 14% chance per night of producing spurious M. lucifugus detections. Estimated detection rates were higher and occupancy rates were lower under the false-positive model, relative to a standard occupancy model. Un-modelled false positives also affected inferences about occupancy at individual sites. For example, probability of occupancy at individual sites with acoustic detections but no captures ranged from 2% to 100% under the false-positive occupancy model, but was always 100% under a standard occupancy model.
4. Synthesis and applications. Our results suggest that false positives sufficient to affect inferences may be common in acoustic surveys for bats. We demonstrate an approach that can estimate occupancy, regardless of the false-positive rate, when acoustic surveys are paired with capture surveys. Applications of this approach include monitoring the spread of White-Nose Syndrome, estimating the impact of climate change and informing conservation listing decisions. We calculate a site-specific probability of occupancy, conditional on survey results, which could inform local permitting decisions, such as for wind energy projects. More generally, the magnitude of false positives suggests that false-positive occupancy models can improve accuracy in research and monitoring of bats and provide wildlife managers with more reliable information.
C1 [Clement, Matthew J.; Nichols, James D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Rodhouse, Thomas J.] Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, Bend, OR 97701 USA.
[Szewczak, Joseph M.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
RP Clement, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mclement@usgs.gov
RI Clement, Matthew/D-1251-2013;
OI Rodhouse, Thomas/0000-0001-5953-9113
FU U.S. Forest Service; Bureau of Land Management; Department of Defense
Legacy Program; US Fish and Wildlife Service Region 3 Division of
Endangered Species; National Park Service Upper Columbia Basin Network
FX We thank Wayne Thogmartin and 2 anonymous referees for their
constructive comments on the initial manuscript. Funding for the Bat
Grid was provided by the U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management
and Department of Defense Legacy Program. The US Fish and Wildlife
Service Region 3 Division of Endangered Species funded the data analysis
and preparation of the manuscript. The National Park Service Upper
Columbia Basin Network provided additional funding and support. We thank
the many contributors to the Bat Grid, particularly Aimee Hart for her
devoted efforts in the field and with the data base. Without their
extraordinary effort, this research would not have been possible. Lew
Cousineau provided invaluable data management support. Jeremy Hobson
provided GIS support. J.M.S. developed and operates SONOBAT. Any use of
trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 9
U2 107
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8901
EI 1365-2664
J9 J APPL ECOL
JI J. Appl. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 51
IS 5
BP 1460
EP 1467
DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12303
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ5LS
UT WOS:000342851300036
ER
PT J
AU Milly, PCD
Malyshev, SL
Shevliakova, E
Dunne, KA
Findell, KL
Gleeson, T
Liang, Z
Phillipps, P
Stouffer, RJ
Swenson, S
AF Milly, P. C. D.
Malyshev, Sergey L.
Shevliakova, Elena
Dunne, Krista A.
Findell, Kirsten L.
Gleeson, Tom
Liang, Zhi
Phillipps, Peter
Stouffer, Ronald J.
Swenson, Sean
TI An Enhanced Model of Land Water and Energy for Global Hydrologic and
Earth-System Studies
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PART I; SIMULATION CHARACTERISTICS; HYDRAULIC GEOMETRY; SURFACE
HYDROLOGY; RAIN-FOREST; CLIMATE; FORMULATION; MOISTURE; FLOW;
CONDUCTIVITY
AB LM3 is a new model of terrestrial water, energy, and carbon, intended for use in global hydrologic analyses and as a component of earth-system and physical-climate models. It is designed to improve upon the performance and to extend the scope of the predecessor Land Dynamics (LaD) and LM3V models by better quantifying the physical controls of climate and biogeochemistry and by relating more directly to components of the global water system that touch human concerns. LM3 includes multilayer representations of temperature, liquid water content, and ice content of both snowpack and macroporous soil bedrock; topography-based description of saturated area and groundwater discharge; and transport of runoff to the ocean via a global river and lake network. Sensible heat transport by water mass is accounted throughout for a complete energy balance. Carbon and vegetation dynamics and biophysics are represented as in LM3V. In numerical experiments, LM3 avoids some of the limitations of the LaD model and provides qualitatively (though not always quantitatively) reasonable estimates, from a global perspective, of observed spatial and/or temporal variations of vegetation density, albedo, streamflow, water-table depth, permafrost, and lake levels. Amplitude and phase of annual cycle of total water storage are simulated well. Realism of modeled lake levels varies widely. The water table tends to be consistently too shallow in humid regions. Biophysical properties have an artificial stepwise spatial structure, and equilibrium vegetation is sensitive to initial conditions. Explicit resolution of thick (>100 m) unsaturated zones and permafrost is possible, but only at the cost of long (>> 300 yr) model spinup times.
C1 [Milly, P. C. D.; Dunne, Krista A.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Milly, P. C. D.; Malyshev, Sergey L.; Shevliakova, Elena; Dunne, Krista A.; Findell, Kirsten L.; Liang, Zhi; Phillipps, Peter; Stouffer, Ronald J.] NOAA, GFDL, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Malyshev, Sergey L.; Shevliakova, Elena] Princeton Univ, Cooperat Inst Climate Sci, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Gleeson, Tom] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Liang, Zhi] Dynam Res Corp, Princeton, NJ USA.
[Swenson, Sean] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Milly, PCD (reprint author), NOAA, GFDL, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM cmilly@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [2011-67003-30373]; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce
[NA08OAR4320752]; NASA through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory [1430081]
FX We acknowledge helpful advice from R. E. Dickinson, D. P. Lettenmaier,
S. W. Hostetler, and two anonymous reviewers. Jia Wang provided data on
Great Lakes ice cover. Support was provided by U.S. Department of
Agriculture, Grant 2011-67003-30373; by the National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, Award
NA08OAR4320752; and by NASA through the Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
Subcontract 1430081.
NR 66
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 4
U2 36
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
EI 1525-7541
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 5
BP 1739
EP 1761
DI 10.1175/JHM-D-13-0162.1
PG 23
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AQ7AG
UT WOS:000342964400002
ER
PT J
AU Ott-Conn, CN
Clifford, D
Branston, T
Klinger, R
Foley, J
AF Ott-Conn, Caitlin N.
Clifford, Deana
Branston, Tammy
Klinger, Robert
Foley, Janet
TI PATHOGEN INFECTION AND EXPOSURE, AND ECTOPARASITES OF THE FEDERALLY
ENDANGERED AMARGOSA VOLE (MICROTUS CALIFORNICUS SCIRPENSIS), CALIFORNIA,
USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Amargosa vole; ectoparasite load; Ixodes minor; Microtus californicus
scirpensis; toxoplasmosis; zoonotic pathogen
ID BURGDORFERI SENSU-LATO; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; TOXOPLASMA-GONDII;
DISEASE; VECTOR; TICK; IDENTIFICATION; RODENTS; AGENTS; GENE
AB We surveyed pathogens and ectoparasites among federally endangered Amargosa voles (Microtus californicus scirpensis) and sympatric rodents in Tecopa Hot Springs, Inyo County, California, December 2011 November 2012. We aimed to assess disease and detect possible spillover from or connectivity with other hosts within and outside the Amargosa ecosystem. We assessed 71 individual voles and 38 individual sympatric rodents for current infection with seven vector-borne zoonotic pathogens and past exposure to five pathogens. Thirteen percent of Amargosa voles were PCR positive for Toxoplasma gondii, a zoonotic protozoan that may alter host behavior or cause mortality. Additionally, we found antibodies against Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (SL) spp. in 21% of voles, against Anaplasma phagocytophilum in 2.6%, Rickettsia spp. in 13%, relapsing fever Borrelia (3.9%), and T. gondii (7.9%). Sympatric rodents also had active infections with Borrelia SL spp. (15%). Of the ectoparasites collected, the tick Ixodes minor is of particular interest because the study area is well outside of the species' reported range and because I. minor ticks infest migratory birds as well as rodents, showing a potential mechanism for pathogens to be imported from outside the Amargosa ecosystem.
C1 [Ott-Conn, Caitlin N.; Foley, Janet] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Vet Med & Epidemiol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Clifford, Deana] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Wildlife Invest Lab, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
[Clifford, Deana] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Branston, Tammy] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Bishop, CA 93514 USA.
[Klinger, Robert] US Geol Survey, Yosemite Field Stn, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Bishop, CA 93514 USA.
RP Foley, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Vet Med & Epidemiol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM jefoley@ucdavis.eau
FU Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of
California, Davis; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; Bureau of
Land Management
FX This project was supported by the Wildlife Health Center, School of
Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, the California
Department of Fish and Wildlife, and the Bureau of Land Management. The
authors would like to thank the following for their support and
contributions: Daniel Rejmanek, S. Joy Worth, Tyler Petroelje, Nicole
Stephenson, Amanda Poulsen, Jen Truong, Mary Straub, Adrian Ybanez,
Pauline Freycon, The Amargosa Conservancy, Judy Palmer, Susan Sorrells,
Len Warren, Molly Hansen, Chris Conroy, Russell Scofield, Scott Osburn,
Carl Benz, Danielle Dillard, and Wayne Belcher.
NR 32
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 16
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 767
EP 776
DI 10.7589/2013-09-248
PG 10
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ8LB
UT WOS:000343075900005
PM 25121407
ER
PT J
AU Pipas, MJ
Page, LK
Kazacos, KR
AF Pipas, Michael J.
Page, L. Kristen
Kazacos, Kevin R.
TI SURVEILLANCE FOR BAYLISASCARIS PROCYONIS IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR)
FROM WYOMING, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Baylisascaris procyonis; nematode; Procyon lotor; raccoon; raccoon
roundworm; surveillance; Wyoming; zoonosis
ID LARVA MIGRANS; PREVALENCE; ROUNDWORM; INTENSITY; EGGS
AB Baylisascaris procyonis is a common roundworm of raccoons that causes severe clinical disease in many vertebrates, including humans. The distribution of B. procyonis in the US is poorly documented in portions of its range and has not been reported from Wyoming. Our objectives were to determine the statewide distribution and prevalence of this parasite in raccoons Wyoming, using intestinal and fecal examinations. We examined 363 raccoons from 23 Wyoming counties in 2009-11, testing the reliability of two methods (intestinal extrusion and incision) to determine worm burdens. We found 163 raccoons (45%) positive for B. procyonis. The two methods of examination did not differ, although extrusion missed some infections. Neither age nor sex affected apparent prevalence or worm burdens. Prevalence did not differ with land use, yet burden was highest among rural raccoons. Fecal examination revealed that juvenile raccoons had a higher proportion of patent infections than adults, but neither sex nor location were indicators of prevalence. Egg density (eggs per gram of feces) did not differ by sex or age; however, rural raccoons had higher egg densities than urban/suburban animals. Understanding the distribution and prevalence of B. procyonis in Wyoming, especially in and around highly populated areas, is an important step in educating the general public and medical community on the potential risks of raccoon roundworm infection.
C1 [Pipas, Michael J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, Casper, WY 82604 USA.
[Page, L. Kristen] Wheaton Coll, Dept Biol, Wheaton, IL 60187 USA.
[Kazacos, Kevin R.] Purdue Univ, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, Coll Vet Med, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Pipas, MJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, 6731 West Coal Rd, Casper, WY 82604 USA.
EM michael.j.pipas@aphis.usda.gov
NR 25
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 13
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 777
EP 783
DI 10.7589/2013-10-263
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ8LB
UT WOS:000343075900006
PM 25014908
ER
PT J
AU Ellison, KS
Hofmeister, EK
Ribic, CA
Sample, DW
AF Ellison, Kevin S.
Hofmeister, Erik K.
Ribic, Christine A.
Sample, David W.
TI RELATIVELY HIGH PREVALENCE OF POX-LIKE LESIONS IN HENSLOW'S SPARROW
(AMMODRAMMUS HENSLOWII) AMONG NINE SPECIES OF MIGRATORY GRASSLAND
PASSERINES IN WISCONSIN, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Avipoxvirus; grassland birds; Henslow's Sparrow; pox; wildlife migration
ID GALAPAGOS-ISLANDS
AB Globally, Avipoxvirus species affect over 230 species of wild birds and can significantly impair survival. During banding of nine grassland songbird species (n=346 individuals) in southwestern Wisconsin, USA, we noted species with a 2-6% prevalence of pox-like lesions (possible evidence of current infection) and 4-10% missing digits (potential evidence of past infection). These prevalences approach those recorded among island endemic birds (4-9% and 9-20% for the Galapagos and Hawaii, respectively) for which Avipoxvirus species have been implicated as contributing to dramatic population declines. Henslow's Sparrow Ammodramus henslowii (n=165 individuals) had the highest prevalence of lesions (6.1%) and missing digits (9.7%). Among a subset of 26 Henslow's Sparrows from Which blood samples were obtained, none had detectable antibody reactive to fowlpox virus antigen. However, four samples (18%) had antibody to canarypox virus antigen with test sample and negative control ratios (P/N values) ranging from 2.4 to 6.5 (median 4.3). Of four antibody-positive birds, two had lesions recorded (one was also missing a digit), one had digits missing, and one had no signs. Additionally, the birds with lesions or missing digits had higher P/N values than did the antibody-positive bird without missing digits or recorded lesions. This study represents an impetus for considering the impacts and dynamics of disease caused by Avipoxvirus among North American grassland bird species.
C1 [Ellison, Kevin S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hofmeister, Erik K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Ribic, Christine A.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Sample, David W.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, DNR Sci Operat Ctr, Madison, WI 53716 USA.
RP Hofmeister, EK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM ehofmeister@usgs.gov
OI Ellison, Kevin/0000-0002-1021-6345
FU WI-DNR with Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project [W-160-P]; USFWS
Region 3 Nongame Bird Conservation Program; US Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wisconsin Private Lands Program; US Geological Survey -
Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit
FX We thank J. Dadisman, D. Laufenberg, G. Milanowski, and J. Ellison for
assistance in the field, C. Carney for serologic expertise, R. Long for
expertise in cultivating the viruses, and A. Tucker for molecular
studies. This project was supported with funds from the WI-DNR with
Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Project W-160-P, USFWS Region 3
Nongame Bird Conservation Program, US Fish and Wildlife Service,
Wisconsin Private Lands Program, and the US Geological Survey -
Wisconsin Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit. Mention of trade names or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement for use by the US
Government. We thank the Department of Forest and Wildlife Ecology,
University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, for assistance with
publication expenses.
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 810
EP 816
DI 10.7589/2013-09-252
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ8LB
UT WOS:000343075900009
PM 25121409
ER
PT J
AU Ramey, AM
Poulson, RL
Gonzalez-Reiche, AS
Wilcox, BR
Walther, P
Link, P
Carter, DL
Newsome, GM
Muller, ML
Berghaus, RD
Perez, DR
Hall, JS
Stallknecht, DE
AF Ramey, Andrew M.
Poulson, Rebecca L.
Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.
Wilcox, Benjamin R.
Walther, Patrick
Link, Paul
Carter, Deborah L.
Newsome, George M.
Mueller, Maria L.
Berghaus, Roy D.
Perez, Daniel R.
Hall, Jeffrey S.
Stallknecht, David E.
TI Evidence for Seasonal Patterns in the Relative Abundance of Avian
Influenza Virus Subtypes in Blue-Winged Teal (Anas discors)
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas discors; avian influenza; blue-winged teal; influenza A;
Neotropics; North America; seasonal; subtype
ID RESIDENT DUCKS; PARAMYXOVIRUSES; IDENTIFICATION; NEURAMINIDASE;
HEMAGGLUTININ; ASSAY; TIME
AB Seasonal dynamics of influenza A viruses (IAVs) are driven by host density and population immunity. Through an analysis of subtypic data for IAVs isolated from Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors), we present evidence for seasonal patterns in the relative abundance of viral subtypes in spring and summer/autumn.
C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ramey, Andrew M.; Poulson, Rebecca L.; Wilcox, Benjamin R.; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.; Perez, Daniel R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Vet Med, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana S.; Mueller, Maria L.] UVG, CES, Guatemala City 01015, Guatemala.
[Walther, Patrick] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anahuac, TX 77514 USA.
[Link, Paul] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA.
[Carter, Deborah L.] Univ Georgia, Dept Pathol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Newsome, George M.] City Beaumont Wastewater Treatment Plant, Beaumont, TX 77705 USA.
[Berghaus, Roy D.] Univ Georgia, Dept Populat Hlth, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Hall, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM aramey@usgs.gov
RI Krammel, Vera/N-4826-2014;
OI Krammel, Vera/0000-0002-8273-8396; Hall, Jeffrey/0000-0001-5599-2826;
Ramey, Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400; Perez, Daniel/0000-0002-6569-5689;
Gonzalez-Reiche, Ana/0000-0003-3583-4497
FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National
Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services
[HHSN266200700007C, HHSN266200700010C]
FX We are grateful to many biologists and volunteers for assistance with
captures including P. Pauling, P. Oesterle, W. Broussard, A. Fojtik, J.
Slagter, N. Davis-Fields, J. Starr, J. LaCour, J. Gray, and K. DeMarco.
We acknowledge the Canadian Cooperative Wildlife Health Centre and
Environment Canada for providing samples for this study. We thank the
City of Beaumont, Texas for access to Cattail Marsh for captures
conducted in 2012 and 2013. We appreciate the cooperation of sport
hunters for access to harvested birds for sample collection. M. Whalen
provided assistance formatting figures for submission. Financial and
administrative support was provided by J. Pearce, T. DeGange, P. Bright,
K. Briggs, and S. Gross. We appreciate reviews provided by J. Pearce, C.
Ely, and two anonymous reviewers. This study was funded, in part, with
federal funds provided by the National Institute of Allergy and
Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Health, Department of Health
and Human Services under contracts HHSN266200700007C and
HHSN266200700010C. None of the authors have any financial interests or
conflict of interest with this article. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
government.
NR 20
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 7
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 916
EP 922
DI 10.7589/2013-09-232
PG 7
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ8LB
UT WOS:000343075900024
PM 24949926
ER
PT J
AU Shearn-Bochsler, V
Lance, EW
Corcoran, R
Piatt, J
Bodenstein, B
Frame, E
Lawonn, J
AF Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie
Lance, Ellen W.
Corcoran, Robin
Piatt, John
Bodenstein, Barbara
Frame, Elizabeth
Lawonn, James
TI Fatal Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning in Kittlitz's Murrelet
(Brachyramphus brevirostris) Nestlings, Alaska, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian; harmful algal bloom; Kittlitz's Murrelet; paralytic shellfish
poisoning; saxitoxin
ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BAY; RESPONSES
AB Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) is an acute toxic illness in humans resulting from ingestion of shellfish contaminated with a suite of neurotoxins (saxitoxins) produced by marine dinoflagellates, most commonly in the genus Alexandrium. Poisoning also has been sporadically suspected and, less often, documented in marine wildlife, often in association with an outbreak in humans. Kittlitz's Murrelet (Brachyramphus brevirostris) is a small, rare seabird of the Northern Pacific with a declining population. From 2008 to 2012, as part of a breeding ecology study, multiple Kittlitz's Murrelet nests on Kodiak Island, Alaska, were monitored by remote cameras. During the 2011 and 2012 breeding seasons, nestlings from several sites died during mild weather conditions. Remote camera observations revealed that the nestlings died shortly after consuming sand lance (Ammodytes hexapterus), a fish species known to biomagnify saxitoxin. High levels of saxitoxin were subsequently documented in crop content in 87% of nestling carcasses. Marine bird deaths from PSP may be underreported.
C1 [Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie; Bodenstein, Barbara] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Lance, Ellen W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage Fish & Wildlife Field Off, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Corcoran, Robin] Kodiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Piatt, John] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Frame, Elizabeth] NOAA, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Lawonn, James] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Shearn-Bochsler, V (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM vbochsler@usgs.gov
NR 18
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 15
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 4
BP 933
EP 937
DI 10.7589/2013-11-296
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ8LB
UT WOS:000343075900027
PM 25098307
ER
PT J
AU Dostal, J
Kontak, DJ
Karl, SM
AF Dostal, Jaroslav
Kontak, Daniel J.
Karl, Susan M.
TI The Early Jurassic Bokan Mountain peralkaline granitic complex
(southeastern Alaska): Geochemistry, petrogenesis and rare-metal
mineralization (vol 202, pg 395, 2014)
SO LITHOS
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Dostal, Jaroslav] St Marys Univ, Dept Geol, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
[Kontak, Daniel J.] Laurentian Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
[Karl, Susan M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Dostal, J (reprint author), St Marys Univ, Dept Geol, Halifax, NS B3H 3C3, Canada.
EM jdostal@smu.ca
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0024-4937
EI 1872-6143
J9 LITHOS
JI Lithos
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 206
BP 456
EP 456
DI 10.1016/j.lithos.2014.08.009
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA AR1HK
UT WOS:000343336100030
ER
PT J
AU Ingebritsen, SE
Manga, M
AF Ingebritsen, S. E.
Manga, M.
TI EARTHQUAKES Hydrogeochemical precursors
SO NATURE GEOSCIENCE
LA English
DT News Item
ID KOBE EARTHQUAKE; PREDICTION; JAPAN
C1 [Ingebritsen, S. E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Manga, M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Ingebritsen, SE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM seingebr@usgs.gov; manga@seismo.berkeley.edu
OI Manga, Michael/0000-0003-3286-4682
NR 12
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 17
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1752-0894
EI 1752-0908
J9 NAT GEOSCI
JI Nat. Geosci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 7
IS 10
BP 697
EP 698
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ8VC
UT WOS:000343112600007
ER
PT J
AU Alix, DM
Anderson, CJ
Grand, JB
Guyer, C
AF Alix, Diane M.
Anderson, Christopher J.
Grand, James B.
Guyer, Craig
TI Evaluating the Effects of Land Use on Headwater Wetland Amphibian
Assemblages in Coastal Alabama
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphibians; Headwater wetlands; Land use change
ID SPECIES RICHNESS; LANDSCAPE COMPOSITION; TERRESTRIAL HABITAT; LARVAL
AMPHIBIANS; STREAM HABITATS; SALAMANDERS; DECLINE; FRAGMENTATION;
DISTRIBUTIONS; BIODIVERSITY
AB Anthropogenic land use is known to impact aquatic ecosystems in several ways, including increased frequency and intensity of floods, stream channel incision, sedimentation, and loss of microtopography. Amphibians are susceptible to changes in wetland and surrounding habitats. This study evaluated amphibian assemblages of fifteen headwater slope wetlands in coastal Alabama across a gradient of land uses. Amphibians were surveyed on a seasonal basis and land use was delineated within wetland watersheds and within a 200-m buffer surrounding each wetland. Amphibian presence/absence and land use data were used to develop species occupancy models. Both urban and agricultural land use were shown to influence amphibian occurrence. Species richness ranged from five to ten species across sites; however, five species only occurred in wetlands surrounded by forested lands. Many species were detected more frequently on these wetlands compared to wetlands surrounded by urban or mixed land uses. Occupancy models showed Acris gryllus was negatively associated with the amount of agriculture within a buffer around the wetland. Hyla squirella, Lithobates clamitans, and L. sphenocephalus were positively associated with agricultural land within a watershed. Anaxyrus terrestris and the non-native Eleutherodactylus planirostris were positively associated with the amount of impervious surface area within the wetland buffer.
C1 [Alix, Diane M.; Anderson, Christopher J.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Grand, James B.] Auburn Univ, US Geol Survey, Alabama Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Guyer, Craig] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Alix, DM (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
EM Diane.m.alix@gmail.com
FU Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Hatch Grant; Auburn University
Center for Forest Sustainability; Auburn University IACUC protocol
[2010-1827]
FX An Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station Hatch Grant and the Auburn
University Center for Forest Sustainability provided funding for this
project. The USGS Alabama Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
provided equipment. Flynt Barksdale, Betsy Battistella, Cody Cox, Mignon
Denton, Amber Dunn, the Guyer Lab, Tom Hess, Heather Hughes, Scott
Phipps, Christina Romagosa, Brad Schneid, Amir Sharifi, Amy Silvano,
Todd Steury, and Madeline Wedge all provided assistance on this project.
We graciously acknowledge land access that was granted by Alabama State
Parks, The City of Foley, The Nature Conservancy, Town of Robertsdale,
Weeks Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve, and many private
landowners. An earlier version of this manuscript was greatly improved
by the review and suggestions of Robert Gitzen. Any use of trade, firm,
or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the
auspices of Auburn University IACUC protocol # 2010-1827.
NR 47
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 5
BP 917
EP 926
DI 10.1007/s13157-014-0553-y
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ8EW
UT WOS:000343057700007
ER
PT J
AU McCormick, PV
Gibble, RE
AF McCormick, Paul V.
Gibble, Rebekah E.
TI Effects of Soil Chemistry on Plant Germination and Growth in a Northern
Everglades Peatland
SO WETLANDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Calcium carbonate; Everglades; Minerotrophy; Peatlands; Phosphorus;
Vegetation
ID CALCICOLE-CALCIFUGE PROBLEM; SEED BANK COMPOSITION; FRESH-WATER
WETLANDS; PHOSPHORUS ADDITIONS; NUTRIENT ENRICHMENT; FLORIDA EVERGLADES;
UNITED-STATES; COMMUNITIES; RESTORATION; INDICATORS
AB Vegetation patterns across the Florida Everglades peatland are influenced by anthropogenic gradients in both hydrology and chemistry. These gradients often overlap, making it difficult to isolate specific causes of vegetation change. We examined whether differences in plant communities between the minimally impacted interior and the impacted perimeter of the northern Everglades could be attributed to soil chemistry as opposed to other factors such as hydrology or seed-bank composition. Seedling establishment from soil seed banks collected from interior locations was examined under conditions that reflected either the phosphorus (P)- and calcium-carbonate (CaCO3)-depleted chemistry of the peatland interior or enriched conditions around the perimeter. Three soil moisture treatments were used to increase seed-bank expression. The interior seed bank contained viable seeds of both interior and perimeter taxa, but distinct plant assemblages established in the two chemistry treatments. Perimeter species germinated in both chemistry treatments, but only survived under enriched conditions. Establishment of these species in the interior is likely limited by low P availability. Germination and survival of some interior species were reduced by enrichment, likely due to elevated CaCO3 levels. Protection from both increased P and CaCO3 loads thus appears important to maintain plant communities in mineral-poor remnants of the Everglades.
C1 [McCormick, Paul V.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Gibble, Rebekah E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, ARM Loxahatchee Natl Wildlife Refuge, Boynton Beach, FL 33473 USA.
RP Gibble, RE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, ARM Loxahatchee Natl Wildlife Refuge, 10218 Lee Rd, Boynton Beach, FL 33473 USA.
EM pmccormick@jonesctr.org; rebekah_gibble@fws.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science
Program
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Greater
Everglades Priority Ecosystem Science Program and received logistical
support from the A. R. M. Loxahatchee National Wildlife Refuge. Jon
Wallace and Simoni Silveiri assisted with the construction and data
collection associated with this study. Kay Kirkman and three anonymous
reviewers provided valuable comments on previous drafts of the
manuscript.
NR 65
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 26
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0277-5212
EI 1943-6246
J9 WETLANDS
JI Wetlands
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 5
BP 979
EP 988
DI 10.1007/s13157-014-0562-x
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ8EW
UT WOS:000343057700012
ER
PT J
AU Uden, DR
Hellman, ML
Angeler, DG
Allen, CR
AF Uden, Daniel R.
Hellman, Michelle L.
Angeler, David G.
Allen, Craig R.
TI The role of reserves and anthropogenic habitats for functional
connectivity and resilience of ephemeral wetlands
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE anurans; clustering; functional connectivity; graph theory; irrigation;
modularity; Protected Areas as Socioecological Systems; Rainwater Basin,
Nebraska, USA; resilience; restoration; wetlands
ID LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY; ECOSYSTEM;
METAPOPULATIONS; POPULATIONS; PRINCIPLES; MANAGEMENT; NETWORKS; PATCHES
AB Ecological reserves provide important wildlife habitat in many landscapes, and the functional connectivity of reserves and other suitable habitat patches is crucial for the persistence and resilience of spatially structured populations. To maintain or increase connectivity at spatial scales larger than individual patches, conservation actions may focus on creating and maintaining reserves and/or influencing management on non-reserves. Using a graph-theoretic approach, we assessed the functional connectivity and spatial distribution of wetlands in the Rainwater Basin of Nebraska, USA, an intensively cultivated agricultural matrix, at four assumed, but ecologically realistic, anuran dispersal distances. We compared connectivity in the current landscape to the historical landscape and putative future landscapes, and evaluated the importance of individual and aggregated reserve and non-reserve wetlands for maintaining connectivity. Connectivity was greatest in the historical landscape, where wetlands were also the most densely distributed. The construction of irrigation reuse pits for water storage has maintained connectivity in the current landscape by replacing destroyed wetlands, but these pits likely provide suboptimal habitat. Also, because there are fewer total wetlands (i.e., wetlands and irrigation reuse pits) in the current landscape than the historical landscape, and because the distribution of current wetlands is less clustered than that of historical wetlands, larger and longer dispersing, sometimes nonnative species may be favored over smaller, shorter dispersing species of conservation concern. Because of their relatively low number, wetland reserves do not affect connectivity as greatly as non-reserve wetlands or irrigation reuse pits; however, they likely provide the highest quality anuran habitat. To improve future levels of resilience in this wetland habitat network, management could focus on continuing to improve the conservation status of non-reserve wetlands, restoring wetlands at spatial scales that promote movements of shorter dispersing species, and further scrutinizing irrigation reuse pit removal by considering effects on functional connectivity for anurans, an emblematic and threatened group of organisms. However, broader conservation plans will need to give consideration to other wetland-dependent species, incorporate invasive species management, and address additional challenges arising from global change in social-ecological systems like the Rainwater Basin.
C1 [Uden, Daniel R.; Hellman, Michelle L.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Angeler, David G.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Aquat Sci & Assessment, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP Uden, DR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, 3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM danielruden87@gmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University
of Nebraska-Lincoln; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management
Institute; August T. Larsson Foundation (NL Faculty, Swedish University
of Agricultural Sciences)
FX The authors thank Kerry Hart and two anonymous reviewers for their
careful considerations of, and contributions to, the manuscript, as well
as the Rainwater Basin Joint Venture for providing GIS data and other
information throughout the study. The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by a cooperative agreement
between the U.S. Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission, the University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government: Financial support was also provided
by the August T. Larsson Foundation (NL Faculty, Swedish University of
Agricultural Sciences).
NR 75
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 3
U2 64
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 7
BP 1569
EP 1582
PG 14
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ5OZ
UT WOS:000342859800002
ER
PT J
AU Jones, JD
Kauffman, MJ
Monteith, KL
Scurlock, BM
Albeke, SE
Cross, PC
AF Jones, Jennifer D.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
Monteith, Kevin L.
Scurlock, Brandon M.
Albeke, Shannon E.
Cross, Paul C.
TI Supplemental feeding alters migration of a temperate ungulate
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE carryover effects; elk; feedgrounds; migration; nutritional condition;
partial migration; plant phenology; stopover; supplemental feeding;
ungulates; Wyoming
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; NORTH-AMERICA; MULE DEER; RED DEER; PLANT PHENOLOGY;
ELK HERD; WINTER; SELECTION; PATTERNS; STOPOVER
AB Conservation of migration requires information on behavior and environmental determinants. The spatial distribution of forage resources, which migration exploits, often are altered and may have subtle, unintended consequences. Supplemental feeding is a common management practice, particularly for ungulates in North America and Europe, and carryover effects on behavior of this anthropogenic manipulation of forage are expected in theory, but have received limited empirical evaluation, particularly regarding effects on migration. We used global positioning system (GPS) data to evaluate the influence of winter feeding on migration behavior of 219 adult female elk (Cervus elaphus) from 18 fed ranges and 4 unfed ranges in western Wyoming Principal component analysis revealed that the migratory behavior of fed and unfed elk differed in distance migrated, and the timing of arrival to, duration on, and departure from summer range. Fed elk migrated 19.2 km less, spent 11 more days on stopover sites, arrived to summer range 5 days later, resided on summer range 26 fewer days, and departed in the autumn 10 days earlier than unfed elk. Time-to-event models indicated that differences in migratory behavior between fed and unfed elk were caused by altered sensitivity to the environmental drivers of migration. In spring, unfed elk migrated following plant green-up closely, whereas fed elk departed the feedground but lingered on transitional range, thereby delaying their arrival to summer range. In autumn, fed elk were more responsive to low temperatures and precipitation events, causing earlier departure from summer range than unfed elk. Overall, supplemental feeding disconnected migration by fed elk from spring green-up and decreased time spent on summer range, thereby reducing access to quality forage. Our findings suggest that ungulate migration can be substantially altered by changes to the spatial distribution of resources, including those of anthropogenic origin, and that management practices applied in one season may have unintended behavioral consequences in subsequent seasons.
C1 [Jones, Jennifer D.; Monteith, Kevin L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Scurlock, Brandon M.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA.
[Albeke, Shannon E.] Wyoming Geog Informat Sci Ctr, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
RP Jones, JD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM jjones2536@gmail.com
FU Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Greater Yellowstone Interagency
Brucellosis Committee; Wyoming Chapter of the Rocky Mountain Elk
Foundation; Wyoming Chapter of The Wildlife Society; Wyoming Governor's
Big Game License Coalition; U.S. Geological Survey; L. Floyd Clarke
Greater Yellowstone Scholarship
FX This project was supported by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, the
Greater Yellowstone Interagency Brucellosis Committee, the Wyoming
Chapter of the Rocky Mountain Elk Foundation, the Wyoming Chapter of The
Wildlife Society, Wyoming Governor's Big Game License Coalition, U.S.
Geological Survey, and the L. Floyd Clarke Greater Yellowstone
Scholarship. We thank field technicians and members of the Wyoming Game
and Fish Department that helped with collar deployment and data
collection, particularly the Brucellosis-Feedground-Habitat Program. We
thank R. Long for advice on the modeling analyses and W. Jones for
comments that improved the manuscript. Access to raw data used in this
analysis, including GPS locations, capture details, and dates of
seasonal range use, will be available after January 2015 on the Wyoming
Migration Database and Viewer located at migrationinitiative.org. Any
mention of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 11
U2 76
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 7
BP 1769
EP 1779
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ5OZ
UT WOS:000342859800015
ER
PT J
AU Concostrina-Zubiri, L
Huber-Sannwald, E
Martinez, I
Flores, JLF
Reyes-Aguero, JA
Escudero, A
Belnap, J
AF Concostrina-Zubiri, L.
Huber-Sannwald, E.
Martinez, I.
Flores Flores, J. L.
Reyes-Agueero, J. A.
Escudero, A.
Belnap, J.
TI Biological soil crusts across disturbance-recovery scenarios: effect of
grazing regime on community dynamics
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE bryophyte; cyanobacteria; drylands; grassland; grazing; lichen;
resilience; resistance
ID SPECIES COMPOSITION; TEMPORAL VARIATION; NITROGEN-FIXATION; TRANSITION
MODELS; DESERT; COVER; UTAH; RESILIENCE; ECOSYSTEMS; MANAGEMENT
AB Grazing represents one of the most common disturbances in drylands worldwide, affecting both ecosystem structure and functioning. Despite the efforts to understand the nature and magnitude of grazing effects on ecosystem components and processes, contrasting results continue to arise. This is particularly remarkable for the biological soil crust (BSC) communities (i.e., cyanobacteria, lichens, and bryophytes), which play an important role in soil dynamics. Here we evaluated simultaneously the effect of grazing impact on BSC communities (resistance) and recovery after livestock exclusion (resilience) in a semiarid grassland of Central Mexico. In particular, we examined BSC species distribution, species richness, taxonomical group cover (i.e., cyanobacteria, lichen, bryophyte), and composition along a disturbance gradient with different grazing regimes (low, medium, high impact) and along a recovery gradient with differently aged livestock exclosures (short-, medium-, long-term exclusion). Differences in grazing impact and time of recovery from grazing both resulted in slight changes in species richness; however, there were pronounced shifts in species composition and group cover. We found we could distinguish four highly diverse and dynamic BSC species groups: (1) species with high resistance and resilience to grazing, (2) species with high resistance but low resilience, (3) species with low resistance but high resilience, and (4) species with low resistance and resilience. While disturbance resulted in a nova diversity configuration, which may profoundly affect ecosystem functioning, we observed that 10 years of disturbance removal did not lead to the ecosystem structure found after 27 years of recovery. These findings are an important contribution to our understanding of BCS dynamics from a species and community perspective placed in a land use change context.
C1 [Concostrina-Zubiri, L.; Flores Flores, J. L.; Reyes-Agueero, J. A.] Univ Autonoma San Luis Potosi, Inst Invest Zonas Desert, San Luis Potosi 78377, Slp, Mexico.
[Concostrina-Zubiri, L.; Martinez, I.; Escudero, A.] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Biol & Geol, Escuela Super Ciencias Expt & Tecnol, Mostoles 28933, Spain.
[Huber-Sannwald, E.] Insituto Potosino Invest Cient & Tecnol, Div Ciencias Ambientales, Lomas Secc 4Ta, San Luis Potosi 78216, Slp, Mexico.
[Belnap, J.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Concostrina-Zubiri, L (reprint author), Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Dept Biol & Geol, Escuela Super Ciencias Expt & Tecnol, C Tulipan S-N, Mostoles 28933, Spain.
EM l.concostrina@alumnos.urjc.es
RI Escudero, Adrian/H-5046-2015; Concostrina-Zubiri, Laura/N-2577-2015;
Huber-Sannwald, Elisabeth/D-2507-2009; Martinez, Isabel/K-8800-2014
OI Escudero, Adrian/0000-0002-1427-5465; Concostrina-Zubiri,
Laura/0000-0001-7781-6030; Martinez, Isabel/0000-0002-5924-1648
FU Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MAEC); Spanish Agency for
International Development Cooperation (AECID); SEMARNAT [23721]; SEP
CONACYT [CB 132649]
FX Special thanks to the ejido Vaquerias, Jalisco, Mexico, in particular to
Don Patricio, for allowing us to conduct this research on their land. We
are grateful to the logistic support and stimulating discussions on
grazing systems provided by Miguel Luna-Luna, Director of the Sitio
Experimental Vaquerias of INIFAP in Jalisco. We thank Rebeca Perez
Rodriguez of the Laboratory of Ecologia y Cambio Ambiental Global of
IPICYT for her valuable technical assistance. L. Concostrina-Zubiri was
supported by a fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Foreign Affairs
(MAEC) and the Spanish Agency for International Development Cooperation
(AECID). E. Huber-Sannwald thanks SEMARNAT project 23721 and SEP CONACYT
(CB 132649) for research funds.
NR 74
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 10
U2 74
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 7
BP 1863
EP 1877
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ5OZ
UT WOS:000342859800023
ER
PT J
AU Sierszen, ME
Hrabik, TR
Stockwell, JD
Cotter, AM
Hoffman, JC
Yule, DL
AF Sierszen, Michael E.
Hrabik, Thomas R.
Stockwell, Jason D.
Cotter, Anne M.
Hoffman, Joel C.
Yule, Daniel L.
TI Depth gradients in food-web processes linking habitats in large lakes:
Lake Superior as an exemplar ecosystem
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic habitats; food web; Great Lakes; stable isotopes; trophic
linkages
ID HERRING COREGONUS-ARTEDI; STABLE-ISOTOPE ANALYSES; TROUT
SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; SMELT OSMERUS-MORDAX; DEEP-WATER; FISH COMMUNITY;
CULTURAL EUTROPHICATION; VERTICAL-DISTRIBUTION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS;
AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA
AB In large lakes around the world, depth-based changes in the abundance and distribution of invertebrate and fish species suggest that there may be concomitant changes in patterns of resource allocation. Using Lake Superior of the Laurentian Great Lakes as an example, we explored this idea through stable isotope analyses of 13 major fish taxa. Patterns in carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios revealed use of both littoral and profundal benthos among populations of most taxa analysed regardless of the depth of their habitat, providing evidence of nearshore-offshore trophic linkages in the largest freshwater lake by area in the world. Isotope-mixing model results indicated that the overall importance of benthic food-web pathways to fish was highest in nearshore species, whereas the importance of planktonic pathways increased in offshore species. These characteristics, shared with the Great Lakes of Africa, Russia and Japan, appear to be governed by two key processes: high benthic production in nearshore waters and the prevalence of diel vertical migration (DVM) among offshore invertebrate and fish taxa. DVM facilitates use of pelagic food resources by deep-water biota and represents an important process of trophic linkage among habitats in large lakes. Support of whole-lake food webs through trophic linkages among pelagic, profundal and littoral habitats appears to be integral to the functioning of large lakes. These linkages can be disrupted though ecosystem disturbance such as eutrophication or the effects of invasive species and should be considered in native species restoration efforts.
C1 [Sierszen, Michael E.; Cotter, Anne M.; Hoffman, Joel C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Ecol Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
[Hrabik, Thomas R.] Univ Minnesota, Duluth, MN 55812 USA.
[Stockwell, Jason D.] Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT USA.
[Yule, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI USA.
RP Sierszen, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM sierszen.michael@epa.gov
FU Minnesota Sea Grant [R/F-15]
FX We wish to thank Aisha Beaty, Andrew Just and Corlis West for preparing
fish samples for analysis; the Captain and crew of the R/V Kiyi for
collecting fish samples; and Shawn Sitar for providing humper lake trout
samples and diet information. Sample collection was partially supported
by Minnesota Sea Grant R/F-15 to TRH and JDS. The manuscript was greatly
improved through constructive comments by Robert Hecky, Donald Phillips
and Daniel Schindler. The views expressed in this paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the US
Environmental Protection Agency. This is also contribution number 1866
of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 89
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 10
U2 77
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 10
BP 2122
EP 2136
DI 10.1111/fwb.12415
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ4IO
UT WOS:000342758300009
ER
PT J
AU Paterson, G
Rush, SA
Arts, MT
Drouillard, KG
Haffner, GD
Johnson, TB
Lantry, BF
Hebert, CE
McGoldrick, DJ
Backus, SM
Fisk, AT
AF Paterson, Gord
Rush, Scott A.
Arts, Michael T.
Drouillard, Ken G.
Haffner, Gordon Doug
Johnson, Tim B.
Lantry, Brian F.
Hebert, Craig E.
McGoldrick, Daryl J.
Backus, Sean M.
Fisk, Aaron T.
TI Ecological tracers reveal resource convergence among prey fish species
in a large lake ecosystem
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Dreissena spp; fatty acids; nearshore; offshore; stable isotopes
ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ESSENTIAL FATTY-ACIDS; MYSIS-RELICTA; FOOD-WEB;
RAINBOW SMELT; ROUND GOBY; AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA; STABLE-ISOTOPE;
ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; BIOCHEMICAL TRACERS
AB We measured stable isotopes of carbon (C-13) and nitrogen (N-15) and fatty acid profiles in Lake Ontario alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus), rainbow smelt (Osmerus mordax), slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) collected from 1982 to 2008 to investigate how temporal variability in these ecological tracers can relate to ecosystem-level changes associated with the establishment of highly invasive dreissenid mussels. Prey fish N-15 values remained relatively constant, with only slimy sculpin exhibiting a temporal increase in N-15. In contrast, C-13 values for alewife, rainbow smelt and, especially, slimy sculpin became less negative over time and were consistent with the benthification of the Lake Ontario food web associated with dreissenids. Principal components analysis revealed higher contributions of 14:0 and 16:1n-7 fatty acids and increasingly negative C-13 values in older samples in agreement with the greater historical importance of pelagic production for alewife, rainbow smelt and slimy sculpin. Temporal declines in fatty acid unsaturation indices and sigma n-3/sigma n-6 ratios, and also increased 24:0/14:0 ratios for alewife, rainbow smelt and slimy sculpin, indicated the increasing importance of nearshore production pathways for more recently collected fish and resulted in values more similar to those for round goby. These results indicate a temporal convergence of the food niche, whereas food partitioning has historically supported the coexistence of prey fish species in Lake Ontario. This convergence is consistent with changes in food-web processes associated with the invasion of dreissenid mussels.
C1 [Paterson, Gord; Rush, Scott A.; Drouillard, Ken G.; Haffner, Gordon Doug; Fisk, Aaron T.] Univ Windsor, Great Lakes Inst Environm Res, Windsor, ON N9B 3P4, Canada.
[Paterson, Gord] SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Rush, Scott A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[McGoldrick, Daryl J.; Backus, Sean M.] Environm Canada, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
[Johnson, Tim B.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Glenora Fisheries Stn, Picton, ON, Canada.
[Lantry, Brian F.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY USA.
[Hebert, Craig E.] Carleton Univ, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Environm Canada, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Arts, Michael T.] Ryerson Univ, Dept Biol & Chem, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Paterson, G (reprint author), SUNY Syracuse, Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM gpaterso@esf.edu
FU Fishery Research Programme of the Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Canada
Research Chair programme; Department of Wildlife, Fisheries &
Aquaculture at Mississippi State University
FX We thank Anna Hussey and Jerry Chao for their assistance with the SI and
FA analyses, respectively, and the crews of the OMNR Steelcraft, R/V
Kaho and DFO Kelso research vessels for assistance with fish collection.
This research was funded by the Fishery Research Programme of the Great
Lakes Fishery Commission. Additional funding was received from the
Canada Research Chair programme and the Department of Wildlife,
Fisheries & Aquaculture at Mississippi State University. Any use of
trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the governments of Canada, the United States,
the Province of Ontario, or New York State. This article is contribution
number 1860 of the United States Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center.
NR 65
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 8
U2 66
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 10
BP 2150
EP 2161
DI 10.1111/fwb.12418
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ4IO
UT WOS:000342758300011
ER
PT J
AU Kittinger, JN
Koehn, JZ
Le Cornu, E
Ban, NC
Gopnik, M
Armsby, M
Brooks, C
Carr, MH
Cinner, JE
Cravens, A
D'Iorio, M
Erickson, A
Finkbeiner, EM
Foley, MM
Fujita, R
Gelcich, S
St Martin, K
Prahler, E
Reineman, DR
Shackeroff, J
White, C
Caldwell, MR
Crowder, LB
AF Kittinger, John N.
Koehn, J. Zachary
Le Cornu, Elodie
Ban, Natalie C.
Gopnik, Morgan
Armsby, Matt
Brooks, Cassandra
Carr, Mark H.
Cinner, Joshua E.
Cravens, Amanda
D'Iorio, Mimi
Erickson, Ashley
Finkbeiner, Elena M.
Foley, Melissa M.
Fujita, Rod
Gelcich, Stefan
St Martin, Kevin
Prahler, Erin
Reineman, Daniel R.
Shackeroff, Janna
White, Crow
Caldwell, Margaret R.
Crowder, Larry B.
TI A practical approach for putting people in ecosystem-based ocean
planning
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Review
ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; HUMAN DIMENSIONS;
SOCIOECONOMIC DATA; SERVICE PROJECTS; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT;
FISHERIES; COASTAL; VALUES
AB Marine and coastal ecosystems provide important benefits and services to coastal communities across the globe, but assessing the diversity of social relationships with oceans can prove difficult for conservation scientists and practitioners. This presents barriers to incorporating social dimensions of marine ecosystems into ecosystem-based planning processes, which can in turn affect the success of planning and management initiatives. Following a global assessment of social research and related planning practices in ocean environments, we present a step-by-step approach for natural resource planning practitioners to more systematically incorporate social data into ecosystem-based ocean planning. Our approach includes three sequential steps: (1) develop a typology of ocean-specific human uses that occur within the planning region of interest; (2) characterize the complexity of these uses, including the spatiotemporal variability, intensity, and diversity thereof, as well as associated conflicts and compatibility; and (3) integrate social and ecological information to assess trade-offs necessary for successful implementation of ecosystem-based ocean planning. We conclude by showing how systematic engagement of social data - together with ecological information - can create advantages for practitioners to improve planning and management outcomes.
C1 [Kittinger, John N.; Koehn, J. Zachary; Le Cornu, Elodie; Erickson, Ashley; Foley, Melissa M.; Prahler, Erin; Caldwell, Margaret R.; Crowder, Larry B.] Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford Woods Inst Environm, Monterey, CA USA.
[Kittinger, John N.] Betty & Gordon Moore Ctr Sci & Oceans, Conservat Int, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Le Cornu, Elodie] Univ Montpellier 3, F-34032 Montpellier, France.
[Ban, Natalie C.; Cinner, Joshua E.] James Cook Univ, Ctr Excellence Coral Reef Studies, Australian Res Council, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia.
[Ban, Natalie C.] Univ Victoria, Sch Environm Studies, Victoria, BC, Canada.
[Gopnik, Morgan; Shackeroff, Janna] Duke Univ, Marine Lab, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Armsby, Matt; Caldwell, Margaret R.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Law Sch, Environm & Nat Resources Law & Policy Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Armsby, Matt] Resources Law Grp, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Brooks, Cassandra; Cravens, Amanda; Reineman, Daniel R.] Stanford Univ, Emmett Interdisciplinary Program Environm & Resou, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Carr, Mark H.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[D'Iorio, Mimi] NOAA, Natl Marine Protected Areas Ctr, Monterey, CA USA.
[Finkbeiner, Elena M.; Crowder, Larry B.] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Foley, Melissa M.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Fujita, Rod] Environm Def Fund, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Gelcich, Stefan] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Ctr Appl Ecol & Sustainabil CAPES, Casilla, Chile.
[Gelcich, Stefan] Pontificia Univ Catolica Chile, Lab Int Cambio Global Lincglobal, Dept Ecol, Casilla, Chile.
[St Martin, Kevin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Geog, Piscataway, NJ USA.
[White, Crow] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
RP Kittinger, JN (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Ctr Ocean Solut, Stanford Woods Inst Environm, Monterey, CA USA.
EM jkittinger@gmail.com
OI Cravens, Amanda/0000-0002-0271-7967; Cinner, Joshua/0000-0003-2675-9317
NR 61
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 6
U2 55
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 12
IS 8
BP 448
EP 456
DI 10.1890/130267
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ6YB
UT WOS:000342958700015
ER
PT J
AU Landis, WG
Rohr, JR
Moe, SJ
Balbus, JM
Clements, W
Fritz, A
Helm, R
Hickey, C
Hooper, M
Stahl, RG
Stauber, J
AF Landis, Wayne G.
Rohr, Jason R.
Moe, S. Jannicke
Balbus, John M.
Clements, William
Fritz, Alyce
Helm, Roger
Hickey, Christopher
Hooper, Michael
Stahl, Ralph G.
Stauber, Jenny
TI Global Climate Change and Contaminants, a Call to Arms Not Yet Heard?
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Landis, Wayne G.] Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Rohr, Jason R.] Univ S Florida, Tampa, FL USA.
[Moe, S. Jannicke] Norwegian Inst Water Res, Oslo, Norway.
[Balbus, John M.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Clements, William] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fritz, Alyce] NOAA, Seattle, WA USA.
[Helm, Roger] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arlington, VA USA.
[Hickey, Christopher] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Hamilton, New Zealand.
[Hooper, Michael] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO USA.
[Stahl, Ralph G.] DuPont Co Inc, Wilmington, DC USA.
RP Landis, WG (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
EM wayne.landis@wwu.edu
RI Stauber, Jenny/G-8418-2011;
OI Moe, Jannicke/0000-0002-3681-3551; Hooper, Michael/0000-0002-4161-8961
NR 10
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 483
EP 484
DI 10.1002/ieam.1568
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AQ2KZ
UT WOS:000342616200001
PM 25069904
ER
PT J
AU Van Metre, PC
Mahler, BJ
AF Van Metre, Peter C.
Mahler, Barbara J.
TI Untitled - Response
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Letter
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; UNDERFOOT CONTAMINATED DUST; TAR
SEALCOATED PAVEMENT; URBAN STREAM SEDIMENTS; PARKING LOT SEALCOAT;
UNRECOGNIZED SOURCE; SEALED PAVEMENT; PAHS; VOLATILIZATION; WIDESPREAD
C1 [Van Metre, Peter C.; Mahler, Barbara J.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
RP Mahler, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
EM bjmahler@usgs.gov
OI Van Metre, Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 485
EP 488
DI 10.1002/ieam.1547
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AQ2KZ
UT WOS:000342616200002
PM 25234487
ER
PT J
AU Bales, JD
AF Bales, Jerad D.
TI Untitled - Response
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Letter
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Bales, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM jdbales@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 492
EP 492
DI 10.1002/ieam.1555
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AQ2KZ
UT WOS:000342616200004
ER
PT J
AU Lee, B
Kullman, SW
Yost, E
Meyer, MT
Worley-Davis, L
Williams, CM
Reckhow, KH
AF Lee, Boknam
Kullman, Seth W.
Yost, Erin
Meyer, Michael T.
Worley-Davis, Lynn
Williams, C. Michael
Reckhow, Kenneth H.
TI A Bayesian Network Model for Assessing Natural Estrogen Fate and
Transport in a Swine Waste Lagoon
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID DECISION-ANALYSIS; MANAGEMENT; WATER; PREDICTION
AB Commercial swine waste lagoons are regarded as a major reservoir of natural estrogens, which have the potential to produce adverse physiological effects on exposed aquatic organisms and wildlife. However, there remains limited understanding of the complex mechanisms of physical, chemical, and biological processes that govern the fate and transport of natural estrogens within an anaerobic swine lagoon. To improve lagoon management and ultimately help control the offsite transport of these compounds from swine operations, a probabilistic Bayesian network model was developed to assess natural estrogen fate and budget and then compared against data collected from a commercial swine field site. In general, the model was able to describe the estrogen fate and budget in both the slurry and sludge stores within the swine lagoon. Sensitivity analysis within the model demonstrated that the estrogen input loading from the associated barn facility was the most important factor in controlling estrogen concentrations within the lagoon slurry storage, whereas the settling rate was the most significant factor in the lagoon sludge storage. The degradation reactions were shown to be minor in both stores based on prediction of average total estrogen concentrations. Management scenario evaluations demonstrated that the best possible management options to reduce estrogen levels in the lagoon are either to adjust the estrogen input loading from swine barn facilities or to effectively enhance estrogen bonding with suspended solids through the use of organic polymers or inorganic coagulants. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2014;10:511-521. (c) 2014 SETAC
C1 [Lee, Boknam; Reckhow, Kenneth H.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Kullman, Seth W.; Yost, Erin] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Meyer, Michael T.] US Geol Survey, Organ Geochem Res Lab, Lawrence, KS USA.
[Worley-Davis, Lynn; Williams, C. Michael] N Carolina State Univ, Prestage Dept Poultry Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Kullman, SW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM swkullma@ncsu.edu
OI Meyer, Michael/0000-0001-6006-7985
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES007046]
NR 25
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 4
BP 511
EP 521
DI 10.1002/ieam.1538
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AQ2KZ
UT WOS:000342616200007
PM 24798317
ER
PT J
AU Ji, L
Zhang, L
Rover, J
Wylie, BK
Chen, XX
AF Ji, Lei
Zhang, Li
Rover, Jennifer
Wylie, Bruce K.
Chen, Xuexia
TI Geostatistical estimation of signal-to-noise ratios for spectral
vegetation indices
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Geostatistics; Nugget variance; Semivariogram; Signal-to-noise ratio;
Spectral vegetation index; Standardized noise
ID REMOTELY-SENSED IMAGES; LEAF-AREA INDEX; EOS-MODIS; GLOBAL VEGETATION;
MEASUREMENT ERROR; NDVI; REFLECTANCE; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; PERFORMANCE;
VARIOGRAM
AB In the past 40 years, many spectral vegetation indices have been developed to quantify vegetation biophysical parameters. An ideal vegetation index should contain the maximum level of signal related to specific biophysical characteristics and the minimum level of noise such as background soil influences and atmospheric effects. However, accurate quantification of signal and noise in a vegetation index remains a challenge, because it requires a large number of field measurements or laboratory experiments. In this study, we applied a geostatistical method to estimate signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) for spectral vegetation indices. Based on the sample semivariogram of vegetation index images, we used the standardized noise to quantify the noise component of vegetation indices. In a case study in the grasslands and shrublands of the western United States, we demonstrated the geostatistical method for evaluating S/N for a series of soil-adjusted vegetation indices derived from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor. The soil-adjusted vegetation indices were found to have higher SIN values than the traditional normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and simple ratio (SR) in the sparsely vegetated areas. This study shows that the proposed geostatistical analysis can constitute an efficient technique for estimating signal and noise components in vegetation indices. (C) 2014 International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ji, Lei] US Geol Survey, ASRC InuTeq, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhang, Li] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, Key Lab Digital Earth Sci, Beijing 100094, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, Li] Beijing Normal Univ, State Key Lab Earth Surface Proce & Resource, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China.
[Rover, Jennifer; Wylie, Bruce K.] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Chen, Xuexia] Sigma Space Corp, VIIRS Characterizat Support Team VCST, Lanham, MD 20706 USA.
RP Ji, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, ASRC InuTeq, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM lji@usgs.gov
OI Rover, Jennifer/0000-0002-3437-4030; Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41271372]; National High
Technology Research and Development Program of China (863 Program)
[2012AA12A301]; U.S. Geological Survey Climate Effects Network and
Global Change Research & Development Programs
FX This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of
China (Grant No. 41271372), the National High Technology Research and
Development Program of China (863 Program) (Grant No. 2012AA12A301), and
the U.S. Geological Survey Climate Effects Network and Global Change
Research & Development Programs. The work by L. Ji was performed under
USGS contract G13PC00028. We thank Eugene Fosnight and Thomas Adamson
for reviewing the manuscript and providing valuable comments. Any use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 96
BP 20
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2014.06.013
PG 8
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AQ5WI
UT WOS:000342878900003
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Chalupnicki, MA
AF Johnson, J. H.
Chalupnicki, M. A.
TI Interspecific habitat associations of juvenile salmonids in Lake Ontario
tributaries: implications for Atlantic salmon restoration
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; BROWN TROUT; CHINOOK SALMON; COHO SALMON;
ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; MICROHABITAT USE; STEELHEAD TROUT; CUTTHROAT
TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; NEW-YORK
AB Diel variation in habitat use of subyearling Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), subyearling coho salmon (O. kisutch), yearling steelhead (O. mykiss), and yearling Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) was examined during the spring in two tributaries of Lake Ontario. A total of 1318 habitat observations were made on juvenile salmonids including 367 on steelhead, 351 on Chinook salmon, 333 on Atlantic salmon, and 261 on coho salmon. Steelhead exhibited the most diel variation in habitat use and Chinook the least. Juvenile salmonids were generally associated with more cover and larger substrate during the day in both streams. Interspecific differences in habitat use in both streams occurred with Atlantic salmon (fast velocities) and coho salmon (pools) using the least similar habitat. Chinook salmon and Atlantic salmon used similar habitat in both streams. These findings should help guide future management actions specific to habitat protection and restoration of Atlantic salmon in Lake Ontario tributaries.
C1 [Johnson, J. H.; Chalupnicki, M. A.] US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov
NR 48
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0175-8659
EI 1439-0426
J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL
JI J. Appl. Ichthyol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 5
BP 853
EP 861
DI 10.1111/jai.12456
PG 9
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ7JU
UT WOS:000342991000003
ER
PT J
AU McCormick, SD
Haro, A
Lerner, DT
O'Dea, MF
Regish, AM
AF McCormick, S. D.
Haro, A.
Lerner, D. T.
O'Dea, M. F.
Regish, A. M.
TI Migratory patterns of hatchery and stream-reared Atlantic salmon Salmo
salar smolts in the Connecticut River, USA
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE gill Na+/K+-ATPase; juvenile; migration; size; survival
ID YEARLING CHINOOK SALMON; K+ ATPASE ACTIVITY; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH;
ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; BROWN TROUT; SNAKE RIVER; PENOBSCOT RIVER; MARINE
SURVIVAL; L. SMOLTS; WILD
AB The timing of downstream migration and detection rates of hatchery-reared Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts and stream-reared smolts (stocked 2 years earlier as fry) were examined in the Connecticut River (U. S. A.) using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags implanted into fish and then detected at a downstream fish bypass collection facility at Turners Falls, MA (river length 192 km). In two successive years, hatchery-reared smolts were released in mid-April and early May at two sites: the West River (river length 241 km) or the Passumpsic (river length 450 km). Hatchery-reared smolts released higher in the catchment arrived 7 to 14 days later and had significantly lower detection rates than smolts stocked lower in the catchment. Hatchery-reared smolts released 3 weeks apart at the same location were detected downstream at similar times, indicating that early-release smolts had a lower average speed after release and longer residence time. The size and gill Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity of smolts at the time of release were significantly greater for detected fish (those that survived and migrated) than for those that were not detected. Stream-reared pre-smolts (> 11.5 cm) from four tributaries (length 261-551 km) were tagged in autumn and detected during smolt migration the following spring. Stream-reared smolts higher in the catchment arrived later and had significantly lower detection rates. The results indicate that both hatchery and stream-reared smolts from the upper catchment will arrive at the mouth of the river later and experience higher overall mortality than fish from lower reaches, and that both size and gill NKA activity are related to survival during downstream migration. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [McCormick, S. D.; Haro, A.; Lerner, D. T.; O'Dea, M. F.; Regish, A. M.] USGS, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01370 USA.
RP McCormick, SD (reprint author), USGS, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01370 USA.
EM smccormick@usgs.gov
OI Haro, Alexander/0000-0002-7188-9172
NR 49
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1005
EP 1022
DI 10.1111/jfb.12532
PG 18
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5EH
UT WOS:000342828400002
PM 25263185
ER
PT J
AU Zydlewski, GB
Stich, DS
McCormick, SD
AF Zydlewski, G. B.
Stich, D. S.
McCormick, S. D.
TI Photoperiod control of downstream movements of Atlantic salmon Salmo
salar smolts
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE behaviour; degree days; phenology; temperature; thyroid hormone
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; CHINOOK SALMON; BALTIC SALMON; PHYSIOLOGICAL-CHANGES;
ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; INCREASED DAYLENGTH; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR;
CIRCANNUAL RHYTHMS; SWIMMING BEHAVIOR; ATPASE ACTIVITY
AB This study provides the first direct observations that photoperiod controls the initiation of downstream movement in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts. Under simulated natural day length (LDN) conditions and seasonal increases in temperature, smolts increased their downstream movements five-fold for a period of 1 month in late spring. Under the same conditions, parr did not show changes in downstream movement behaviour. When given a shortened day length (10L: 14D) beginning in late winter, smolts did not increase the number of downstream movements. An early increase in day length (16L: 8D) in late winter resulted in earlier initiation and termination of downstream movements compared to the LDN group. Physiological status and behaviour were related but not completely coincident: gill Na+/K+-ATPase activity increased in all treatments and thyroid hormone was elevated prior to movement in 16L: 8D treatment. The most parsimonious model describing downstream movement of smolts included synergistic effects of photoperiod treatment and temperature, indicating that peak movements occurred at colder temperatures in the 16L: 8D treatment than in LDN, and temperature did not influence movement of smolts in the 10L: 14D treatment. The complicated interactions of photoperiod and temperature are not surprising since many organisms have evolved to rely on correlations among environmental cues and windows of opportunity to time behaviours associated with life-history transitions. These complicated interactions, however, have serious implications for phenological adjustments and persistence of S. salar populations in response to climate change. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Zydlewski, G. B.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Stich, D. S.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[McCormick, S. D.] USGS, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Zydlewski, GB (reprint author), Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5741 Libby Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM gayle.zydlewski@maine.edu
NR 52
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1023
EP 1041
DI 10.1111/jfb.12509
PG 19
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5EH
UT WOS:000342828400003
PM 25263186
ER
PT J
AU Stich, DS
Bailey, MM
Zydlewski, JD
AF Stich, D. S.
Bailey, M. M.
Zydlewski, J. D.
TI Survival of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts through a hydropower
complex
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dams; discharge; downstream passage; migration; Penobscot River;
restoration
ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; PENOBSCOT RIVER; COLUMBIA RIVER; FISH
COMMUNITY; SNAKE RIVER; MAINE; DAM; MORTALITY; RESTORATION; TELEMETRY
AB This study evaluated Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolt survival through the lower Penobscot River, Maine, U. S. A., and characterized relative differences in proportional use and survival through the main-stem of the river and an alternative migration route, the Stillwater Branch. The work was conducted prior to removal of two main-stem dams and operational changes in hydropower facilities in the Stillwater Branch. Survival and proportional use of migration routes in the lower Penobscot were estimated from multistate (MS) models based on 6 years of acoustic telemetry data from 1669 smolts and 2 years of radio-telemetry data from 190 fish. A small proportion (0.12, 95% c. i.= 0.06-0.25) of smolts used the Stillwater Branch, and mean survival through the two operational dams in this part of the river was relatively high (1.00 and 0.97). Survival at Milford Dam, the dam that will remain in the main-stem of the Penobscot River, was relatively low (0.91), whereas survival through two dams that were removed was relatively high (0.99 and 0.98). Smolt survival could decrease in the Stillwater Branch with the addition of two new powerhouses while continuing to meet fish passage standards. The effects of removing two dams in the main-stem are expected to be negligible for smolt survival based on high survival observed from 2005 to 2012 at those locations. Survival through Milford Dam was been well below current regulatory standards, and thus improvement of passage at this location offers the best opportunity for improving overall smolt survival in the lower river. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Stich, D. S.; Zydlewski, J. D.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Bailey, M. M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Cent New England Fishery Resource Off, Nashua, NH 03063 USA.
[Zydlewski, J. D.] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
RP Stich, DS (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM daniel.stich@maine.edu
FU American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA); NOAA Open Rivers
Initiative through the Penobscot River Restoration Trust; NOAA Open
Rivers Initiative through the NOAA Fisheries; National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation; Brookfield Power; University of Maine; U.S. Geological
Survey; Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Maine
Department of Marine Resources (MDMR); University of Maine IACUC
[A2011-06-06]
FX The quality of this manuscript was greatly improved by reviews from J.
Kocik, J. Murphy, R. Saunders and T. Sheehan (NOAA Fisheries), D. McCaw
(Penobscot Indian Nation Department of Natural Resources), and two
anonymous reviewers, and through helpful conversations with L. Rose-Day
and G. Aponte Clarke (Penobscot River Restoration Trust) and J. Royte
(The Nature Conservancy). The authors acknowledge substantial
contributions to this work by C. Holbrook, A. O'Malley and M. Kinnison
(University of Maine). Financial support was provided by the American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act (ARRA) and the NOAA Open Rivers Initiative
through the Penobscot River Restoration Trust and NOAA Fisheries.
Additional funding was provided from National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation, Brookfield Power, University of Maine, U.S. Geological
Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the Maine
Department of Marine Resources (MDMR). The U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Green Lake National Fish Hatchery provided juvenile Atlantic
salmon and facilitated marking and stocking. This was done in
co-ordination and cooperation with NOAA Fisheries Northeast Fisheries
Science Center and Maine Department of Marine Resources. Mention of
trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government. This work was done under the auspices of The University
of Maine IACUC protocol #A2011-06-06.
NR 44
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 42
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1074
EP 1096
DI 10.1111/jfb.12483
PG 23
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5EH
UT WOS:000342828400006
PM 25130320
ER
PT J
AU Billman, EJ
Whitman, LD
Schroeder, RK
Sharpe, CS
Noakes, DLG
Schreck, CB
AF Billman, E. J.
Whitman, L. D.
Schroeder, R. K.
Sharpe, C. S.
Noakes, D. L. G.
Schreck, C. B.
TI Body morphology differs in wild juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus
tshawytscha that express different migratory phenotypes in the
Willamette River, Oregon, U.S.A.
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE geometric morphometrics; life-history variation; phenotypic plasticity;
Salmonidae; smoltification
ID LIFE-HISTORY VARIATION; GROWTH-FACTOR-I; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; COHO SALMON;
DOWNSTREAM MOVEMENT; ATLANTIC SALMON; POPULATIONS; FALL; KISUTCH; STREAM
AB Body morphology of juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the upper Willamette River, Oregon, U. S. A., was analysed to determine if variation in body shape is correlated with migratory life-history tactics followed by juveniles. Body shape was compared between migrating juveniles that expressed different life-history tactics, i. e. autumn migrants and yearling smolts, and among parr sampled at three sites along a longitudinal river gradient. In the upper Willamette River, the expression of life-history tactics is associated with where juveniles rear in the basin with fish rearing in downstream locations generally completing ocean ward migrations earlier in life than fish rearing in upstream locations. The morphological differences that were apparent between autumn migrants and yearling smolts were similar to differences between parr rearing in downstream and upstream reaches, indicating that body morphology is correlated with life-history tactics. Autumn migrants and parr from downstream sampling sites had deeper bodies, shorter heads and deeper caudal peduncles compared with yearling smolts and parr from the upstream sampling site. This study did not distinguish between genetic and environmental effects on morphology; however, the results suggest that downstream movement of juveniles soon after emergence is associated with differentiation in morphology and with the expression of life-history variation. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Billman, E. J.; Noakes, D. L. G.; Schreck, C. B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Whitman, L. D.; Schroeder, R. K.; Sharpe, C. S.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Noakes, D. L. G.] Oregon Hatchery Res Ctr, Alsea, OR 97324 USA.
[Schreck, C. B.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Billman, EJ (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM eric.billman@oregonstate.edu
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and by the
Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. All fish were collected by
fisheries biologists from the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife
under NOAA take authorizations W1-12-ODFW207B and W1-13-ODFW207, and
under Limit 4(d) of the Endangered Species Act permits 16879 and 17663.
Morphometric procedures were approved by the Institutional Animal Care
and Use Committee at Oregon State University (ACUP #4289). We are
grateful to C. Danley, D. Hewlett, S. Akin, P. Olmstead and B. Cannon
for field assistance. J. Rasmussen, N. Putman and M. Colvin provided
constructive comments that improved the manuscript. Any use of trade,
firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1097
EP 1110
DI 10.1111/jfb.12482
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5EH
UT WOS:000342828400007
PM 25082498
ER
PT J
AU Zydlewski, J
Zydlewski, G
Kennedy, B
Gale, W
AF Zydlewski, J.
Zydlewski, G.
Kennedy, B.
Gale, W.
TI Smolting in coastal cutthroat trout Onchorhynchus clarkii clarkii
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE condition factor; gill Na+; K+-ATPase; gill NKA; osmoregulation
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; REARED ATLANTIC SALMON; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER;
LIFE-HISTORY; SEAWATER ADAPTATION; CHINOOK SALMON; TEMPERATURE; GROWTH;
PHOTOPERIOD; WILD
AB Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, condition factor and seawater (SW) challenges were used to assess the development of smolt characteristics in a cohort of hatchery coastal cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii clarkii from the Cowlitz River in Washington State, U. S. A. Gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity increased slightly in the spring, coinciding with an increase in hypo-osmoregulatory ability. These changes were of lesser magnitude than are observed in other salmonine species. Even at the peak of tolerance, these fish exhibited notable osmotic perturbations in full strength SW. Condition factor in these hatchery fish declined steadily through the spring. Wild captured migrants from four tributaries of the Columbia River had moderately elevated gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, consistent with smolt development and with greater enzyme activity than autumn captured juveniles from one of the tributaries, Abernathy Creek. Migrant fish also had reduced condition factor. General linear models of 7 years of data from Abernathy Creek suggest that yearly variation, advancing photoperiod (as ordinal date) and fish size (fork length) were significant factors for predicting gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity in these wild fish. Both yearly variation and temperature were significant factors for predicting condition factor. These results suggest that coastal O. c. clarkii exhibit weakly developed characteristics of smolting. These changes are influenced by environmental conditions with great individual variation. The data suggest great physiological plasticity consistent with the variable life-history tactics observed in this species. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Zydlewski, J.] US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Zydlewski, J.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Zydlewski, G.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
[Kennedy, B.; Gale, W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
RP Zydlewski, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA.
EM jzydlewski@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Abernathy Fish Technology Center; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service Columbia River Fisheries Programme Office;
Abernathy Army Corps of Engineers; Sea Resources Education Center;
Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; U.S. Geological Survey,
Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Abernathy
Fish Technology Center, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Columbia River
Fisheries Programme Office, Abernathy Army Corps of Engineers, Sea
Resources Education Center, Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
and the U.S. Geological Survey, Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit. We appreciate the valuable insight and contributions of
K. Larsen, D. Clugston, G. Gale, R. Warren, M. Grooms, M. Hill, S.
Wolthausen, B. Allen and P. Hanratty. Mention of trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1111
EP 1130
DI 10.1111/jfb.12480
PG 20
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5EH
UT WOS:000342828400008
PM 25082434
ER
PT J
AU Sundh, H
Nilsen, TO
Lindstrom, J
Hasselberg-Frank, L
Stefansson, SO
McCormick, SD
Sundell, K
AF Sundh, H.
Nilsen, T. O.
Lindstrom, J.
Hasselberg-Frank, L.
Stefansson, S. O.
McCormick, S. D.
Sundell, K.
TI Development of intestinal ion-transporting mechanisms during
smoltification and seawater acclimation in Atlantic salmon Salmo salar
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator; fluid absorption;
Na+/K+-ATPase; Na+/K+/2Cl(-) co-transporter; osmoregulation; salmonid
ID PARR-SMOLT TRANSFORMATION; K-CL COTRANSPORTER;
CATION-CHLORIDE-COTRANSPORTERS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
RAINBOW-TROUT; FRESH-WATER; MARINE TELEOST; NA+/K+-ATPASE; BROWN TROUT;
OSMOREGULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
AB This study investigated the expression of ion transporters involved in intestinal fluid absorption and presents evidence for developmental changes in abundance and tissue distribution of these transporters during smoltification and seawater (SW) acclimation of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar. Emphasis was placed on Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) and Na+, K+, Cl- co-transporter (NKCC) isoforms, at both transcriptional and protein levels, together with transcription of chloride channel genes. The nka alpha 1c was the dominant isoform at the transcript level in both proximal and distal intestines; also, it was the most abundant isoform expressed in the basolateral membrane of enterocytes in the proximal intestine. This isoform was also abundantly expressed in the distal intestine in the lower part of the mucosal folds. The protein expression of intestinal Nka alpha 1c increased during smoltification. Immunostaining was localized to the basal membrane of the enterocytes in freshwater (FW) fish, and re-distributed to a lateral position after SW entry. Two other Nka isoforms, alpha 1a and alpha 1b, were expressed in the intestine but were not regulated to the same extent during smoltification and subsequent SW transfer. Their localization in the intestinal wall indicates a house-keeping function in excitatory tissues. The absorptive form of the NKCC-like isoform (sub-apically located NKCC2 and/or Na+, Cl(-)co-transporter) increased during smoltification and further after SW transfer. The cellular distribution changed from a diffuse expression in the sub-apical regions during smoltification to clustering of the transporters closer to the apical membrane after entry to SW. Furthermore, transcript abundance indicates that the mechanisms necessary for exit of chloride ions across the basolateral membrane and into the lateral intercellular space are present in the form of one or more of three different chloride channels: cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator I and II and chloride channel 3. (C) 2014 The Fisheries Society of the British Isles
C1 [Sundh, H.; Lindstrom, J.; Hasselberg-Frank, L.; Sundell, K.] Univ Gothenburg, Fish Endocrinol Lab, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Nilsen, T. O.; Stefansson, S. O.] Univ Bergen, Dept Biol, NO-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Nilsen, T. O.] Uni Res AS, N-5006 Bergen, Norway.
[McCormick, S. D.] USGS, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[McCormick, S. D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Sundh, H (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Fish Endocrinol Lab, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Box 463, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
EM henrik.sundh@bioenv.gu.se
RI Sundh, Henrik/C-2477-2008; Sundell, Kristina/F-8884-2016
OI Sundh, Henrik/0000-0002-1459-5450; Sundell, Kristina/0000-0002-7643-2083
FU European Community [222719-LIFECYCLE]; Swedish Research Council for
Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning [223-2011-1073]
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under
grant agreement no. 222719-LIFECYCLE and from the Swedish Research
Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial Planning
under grant agreement 223-2011-1073. The authors acknowledge the Centre
for Cellular Imaging at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of
Gothenburg, for the use of imaging equipment and for the support from
the staff. The authors also thank L. Niklasson for excellent technical
assistance, A. Regish for purification of NKA alpha 1a and alpha 1b
antibodies and J. Breves for his constructive comments for improving an
early version of the manuscript. Any use of trade, product or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 78
TC 3
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 85
IS 4
SI SI
BP 1227
EP 1252
DI 10.1111/jfb.12531
PG 26
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5EH
UT WOS:000342828400015
PM 25263190
ER
PT J
AU Pinkney, AE
Baumann, PC
Wolf, JC
AF Pinkney, A. E.
Baumann, P. C.
Wolf, J. C.
TI Dr John Carl Harshbarger Biography
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Biographical-Item
C1 [Pinkney, A. E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Baumann, P. C.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Columbus, OH USA.
[Wolf, J. C.] EPL Inc, Sterling, VA USA.
RP Pinkney, AE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7775
EI 1365-2761
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 10
BP 859
EP 861
DI 10.1111/jfd.12251
PG 3
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ4WI
UT WOS:000342800900001
PM 24974739
ER
PT J
AU Pinkney, AE
Harshbarger, JC
Rutter, MA
AF Pinkney, A. E.
Harshbarger, J. C.
Rutter, M. A.
TI Temporal and spatial patterns in tumour prevalence in brown bullhead
Ameiurus nebulosus (Lesueur) in the tidal Potomac River watershed (USA)
SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Anacostia River; brown bullhead; monitoring; tumours
ID BENEFICIAL USE IMPAIRMENT; ICTALURUS-NEBULOSUS; ANACOSTIA RIVER; FISH
TUMORS; OROCUTANEOUS PAPILLOMAS; CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS; HEPATIC-LESIONS;
RAINBOW-TROUT; LIVER-LESIONS; GREAT-LAKES
AB For two decades, fish tumour surveys have been used to monitor habitat quality in the Chesapeake Bay (USA) watershed. Tributaries with sediments contaminated with polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), known to cause liver neoplasia, were frequently targeted. Here, we compare surveys in brown bullhead Ameiurus nebulosus conducted in 2009-2011 in the tidal Potomac River watershed (including the Anacostia River) with previous surveys. Using logistic regression, we identified length and sex as covariates for liver and skin tumours. We reported a statistically significant decrease in liver tumour probabilities for standardized 280 mm Anacostia bullheads between the 1996 and 2001 samplings (merged collections: female-77.5%, male-43.0%) and 2009-2011 (female-42.2%, male-13.6%). However, liver tumour prevalence in bullheads from the Anacostia, Potomac River (Washington, DC) and Piscataway Creek (17 km downriver) was significantly higher than that for Chesapeake Bay watershed reference locations. The causes of skin tumours in bullheads are uncertain, requiring further research. The similar liver tumour prevalence in these three locations suggests that the problem is regional rather than restricted to the Anacostia. To monitor habitat quality and the success of pollution control actions, we recommend conducting tumour surveys on a 5-year cycle coordinated with sediment chemistry analyses.
C1 [Pinkney, A. E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
[Harshbarger, J. C.] Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC USA.
[Rutter, M. A.] Penn State Univ, Behrend Coll, Dept Math, Penn State Erie, Erie, PA 16563 USA.
RP Pinkney, AE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, 177 Admiral Cochrane Dr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
EM Fred_Pinkney@fws.gov
FU USFWS Maryland Fisheries Resource Office; USFWS Division of
Environmental Contaminants; South River Federation
FX We appreciate the assistance of Josh Newhard, Mike Mangold, Ian Park,
John Gill and Steve Minkkinen (USFWS) in the field and Susan Frey
(USFWS) in the CBFO laboratory. Collections within the District of
Columbia were made by Danny Ryan, Luke Lyon, Joe Swann and Eric Thadey
of the District of Columbia Department of the Environment. Kyle Hartman
(West Virginia University) aged the spines. Leslie Gerlich, Ebony Davis
and Laurie Hewitt (USFWS) produced the graphics. The comments of Luke
Iwanowicz (USGS), Nicoline Shulterbrandt (DDOE), and Jonathan Essoka (US
EPA) and the journal reviewers are appreciated. Funding for the
Chesapeake Bay tumour surveys was provided by the USFWS Maryland
Fisheries Resource Office, USFWS Division of Environmental Contaminants
and the South River Federation. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0140-7775
EI 1365-2761
J9 J FISH DIS
JI J. Fish Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 37
IS 10
BP 863
EP 876
DI 10.1111/jfd.12271
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ4WI
UT WOS:000342800900002
PM 24974857
ER
PT J
AU Kenner, SJ
Bender, DA
Pankow, JF
Zogorski, JS
AF Kenner, Scott J.
Bender, David A.
Pankow, James F.
Zogorski, John S.
TI THE ATMOSPHERE CAN BE A SOURCE OF CERTAIN WATER SOLUBLE VOLATILE ORGANIC
COMPOUNDS IN URBAN STREAMS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE organic chemicals; nonpoint source pollution; rivers/streams; urban
areas; MTBE; benzene; acetone; Henry's Law; atmospheric deposition; air
and water equilibrium
ID TERT-BUTYL ETHER; UNITED-STATES; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; UNSATURATED ZONE; COMPOUNDS VOCS;
GREAT-LAKES; AMBIENT AIR; MTBE; TRANSPORT
AB Surface water and air volatile organic compound (VOC) data from 10 U. S. Geological Survey monitoring sites were used to evaluate the potential for direct transport of VOCs from the atmosphere to urban streams. Analytical results of 87 VOC compounds were screened by evaluating the occurrence and detection levels in both water and air, and equilibrium concentrations in water (C-w(s)) based on the measured air concentrations. Four compounds (acetone, methyl tertiary butyl ether, toluene, and m- & p-xylene) were detected in more than 20% of water samples, in more than 10% of air samples, and more than 10% of detections in air were greater than long-term method detection levels (LTMDL) in water. Benzene was detected in more than 20% of water samples and in more than 10% of air samples. Two percent of benzene detections in air were greater than one-half the LTMDL in water. Six compounds (chloroform, p-isopropyltoluene, methylene chloride, perchloroethene, 1,1,1-trichloroethane, and trichloroethene) were detected in more than 20% of water samples and in more than 10% of air samples. Five VOCs, toluene, m- & p-xylene, methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE), acetone, and benzene were identified as having sufficiently high concentrations in the atmosphere to be a source to urban streams. MTBE, acetone, and benzene exhibited behavior that was consistent with equilibrium concentrations in the atmosphere.
C1 [Kenner, Scott J.] South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
[Bender, David A.; Zogorski, John S.] US Geol Survey, Water Sci Ctr, Rapid City, SD 57702 USA.
[Pankow, James F.] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
RP Kenner, SJ (reprint author), South Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, 501 E St Joseph St, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
EM scott.kenner@sdsmt.edu
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 1124
EP 1137
DI 10.1111/jawr.12181
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AQ6AV
UT WOS:000342890600004
ER
PT J
AU Daraio, JA
Bales, JD
AF Daraio, Joseph A.
Bales, Jerad D.
TI EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON STREAM TEMPERATURE I: DAILY
FLOW AND STREAM TEMPERATURE PROJECTIONS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE PRMS; SNTEMP; uncertainty; water quality; unionids; climate change
ID RIVER TEMPERATURE; CHANGE SCENARIOS; WATER TEMPERATURES; AIR
TEMPERATURES; SALMON HABITAT; UNITED-STATES; IMPACTS; RUNOFF; MODEL;
BASIN
AB Freshwater mussels (order Unionida) are a highly imperiled group of organisms that are at risk from rising stream temperatures (T). There is a need to understand the potential effects of land use (LU) and climate change (CC) on stream T and have a measure of uncertainty. We used available downscaled climate projections and LU change simulations to simulate the potential effects on average daily stream T from 2020 to 2060. Monte Carlo simulations were run, and a novel technique to analyze results was used to assess changes in hydrologic and stream T response. Simulations of daily mean T were used as input to our stochastic hourly T model. CC effects were on average two orders of magnitude greater than LU impacts on mean daily stream T. LU change affected stream T primarily in headwater streams, on average up to 2.1 degrees C over short durations, and projected CC affected stream T, on average 2.1-3.3 degrees C by 2060. Daily mean flow and T ratios from Monte Carlo simulations indicated greater variance in the response of streamflow (up to 55%) to LU change than in the response of stream T (up to 9%), and greater variance in headwater stream segments compared to higher order stream segments for both streamflow and T response. Simulations indicated that combined effects of climate and LU change were not additive, suggesting a complex interaction and that forecasting long-term stream T response requires simulating CC and LU change simultaneously.
C1 [Daraio, Joseph A.] NC State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Bales, Jerad D.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Daraio, JA (reprint author), Rowan Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA.
EM daraio@rowan.edu
OI Daraio, Joe/0000-0001-5591-4465
FU U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; North Carolina State University; North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX Special thanks to Tamara Pandolfo for collecting and providing stream
temperature data. We would also like to thank Steve Markstrom, Lauren
Hay, Steve Regan, Jason Hopkins, Roland Viger, Doug Newcomb, Adam
Terando, and Curtis Belaya for their help, and thanks to Randall Hanson
for many useful comments on parts of the manuscript. We also thank three
anonymous reviewers who provided valuable critiques of the manuscript.
This research was funded by a grant from the U.S. Geological Survey,
National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center. The North Carolina
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by
North Carolina State University, North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and
Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 82
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 1155
EP 1176
DI 10.1111/jawr.12179
PG 22
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AQ6AV
UT WOS:000342890600006
ER
PT J
AU Daraio, JA
Bales, JD
Pandolfo, TJ
AF Daraio, Joseph A.
Bales, Jerad D.
Pandolfo, Tamara J.
TI EFFECTS OF LAND USE AND CLIMATE CHANGE ON STREAM TEMPERATURE II:
THRESHOLD EXCEEDANCE DURATION PROJECTIONS FOR FRESHWATER MUSSELS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE rainfall-runoff modeling; stream temperature modeling; water quality;
ecohydraulics; hydroecology; unionids
ID LONG-TERM CHANGES; RIVER TEMPERATURE; SALMON HABITAT; PEARLY MUSSELS;
NORTH-AMERICA; LOWLAND RIVER; FISH HOSTS; IMPACTS; ECOSYSTEMS; GLOCHIDIA
AB We developed a stochastic hourly stream temperature model (SHSTM) to estimate probability of exceeding given threshold temperature (T) for specified durations (24 and 96 h) to assess potential impacts on freshwater mussels in the upper Tar River, North Carolina. Simulated daily mean stream T from climate change (CC) and land-use (LU) change simulations for 2021-2030 and 2051-2060 were used as input to the SHSTM. Stream T observations in 2010 revealed only two sites with T above 30 degrees C for >24 h and Ts were never >31 degrees C for more than 24 h at any site. The SHSTM suggests that the probability, P, that T will exceed 32 degrees C for at least 96 h in a given year increased from P = 0, in the 20th Century, to P = 0.05 in 2021-2030 and to P = 0.14 in 2051-2060. The SHSTM indicated that CC had greater effects on P for 24 and 96 h durations than LU change. Increased P occurred primarily in higher order stream segments in the downstream reaches of the basin. The SHSTM indicated that hourly stream T responded to LU change on the daily scale and did not affect stream T for durations >24 h. The SHSTM indicated that known thermal thresholds for freshwater mussels could be exceeded within the next 50 years in many parts of the upper Tar River basin in North Carolina, which could have negative consequences on the recruitment of freshwater mussels.
C1 [Daraio, Joseph A.] N Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Bales, Jerad D.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Pandolfo, Tamara J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Daraio, JA (reprint author), Rowan Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, NJ 08028 USA.
EM daraio@rowan.edu
OI Daraio, Joe/0000-0001-5591-4465
FU U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; North Carolina State University; North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank several anonymous reviewers for valuable comments that helped
us improve the manuscript. This research was funded by a grant from the
U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center. The North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit
is jointly supported by North Carolina State University, North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 1177
EP 1190
DI 10.1111/jawr.12178
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AQ6AV
UT WOS:000342890600007
ER
PT J
AU Salman, DA
Amer, SA
Ward, FA
AF Salman, Dina A.
Amer, Saud A.
Ward, Frank A.
TI WATER APPROPRIATION SYSTEMS FOR ADAPTING TO WATER SHORTAGES IN IRAQ
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE drought adaptation; transboundary water management; Tigris-Euphrates;
water appropriation systems; irrigation; water governance; Iraq
ID MIDDLE-EAST; DROUGHT; CLIMATE; MARKETS; IMPACTS; PRICE
AB Climate variability and population growth have intensified the search internationally for measures to adapt to fluctuations in water supplies. An example can be found in the lower part of the transboundary Tigris-Euphrates Basin where water shortages in 2008-2009 resulted in high economic costs to irrigation farmers. Losses to irrigators in the lower basin have made a compelling case to identify flexible methods to adapt to water shortage. Few published studies have systematically examined ways to enhance the flexibility of water appropriation systems to adapt to water shortage. This article addresses an ongoing challenge in water governance by examining how profitability at both the farm and basin levels is affected by various water appropriation systems. Four water appropriation systems are compared for impacts on farm income under each of three water supply scenarios. Results show that a (1) proportional sharing of water shortages among provinces and (2) unrestricted water trading rank as the top two appropriation systems. The shadow price of water for irrigation rises from zero at a full water supply level to US$93/1,000 m(3) when supply falls to 20% of full levels. Similar methods could be used to analyze challenges facing the design or implementation of water appropriation systems in the world's irrigated regions.
C1 [Salman, Dina A.; Ward, Frank A.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Agr Business, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Amer, Saud A.] US Geol Survey, Int Water Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Salman, DA (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Agr Business, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM fward@nmsu.edu
FU New Mexico State University Agricultural Experiment Station; U.S.
Geological Survey International Division; Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge support by the New Mexico State
University Agricultural Experiment Station, U.S. Geological Survey
International Division, and Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture.
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 50
IS 5
BP 1208
EP 1225
DI 10.1111/jawr.12186
PG 18
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AQ6AV
UT WOS:000342890600009
ER
PT J
AU Yamamoto, S
Maekawa, K
Morita, K
Crane, PA
Oleinik, AG
AF Yamamoto, Shoichiro
Maekawa, Koji
Morita, Kentaro
Crane, Penelope A.
Oleinik, Alla G.
TI Phylogeography of the Salmonid Fish, Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma:
Multiple Glacial Refugia in the North Pacific Rim
SO ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE glacial refugia; North Pacific rim; phylogeography; salmonid; Salvelinus
malma
ID MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA VARIATION; BULL TROUT; INTROGRESSIVE HYBRIDIZATION;
NUCLEOTIDE SUBSTITUTIONS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; GENUS SALVELINUS; CONTROL
REGION; CHAR; AMERICA; EVOLUTION
AB The geographic distribution pattern of mitochondrial DNA (control region) sequence polymorphisms from 73 populations of a salmonid fish, Dolly Varden Salvelinus malma, over most of its range in the North Pacific rim, was examined to assess how its spatial population genetic structure has been molded. The observed 68 haplotypes were grouped into three main lineages, which correspond to western, central, and eastern regions in the North Pacific. The two outlier-haplotype groups gave close agreement with DNA types from two congeneric species, white-spotted charr S. leucomaenis and Arctic charr S. alpinus, respectively. These results suggest that the present-day genetic structure of S. malma reflects historical patterns of isolation and re-colonization, and also historical hybridization with co-distributed species. We also placed the haplotypes of S. malma within our study areas into a pre-existing evolutionary relationship of S. alpinus and S. malma throughout the Northern Hemisphere. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Western Lineage S. malma was basal to all other lineages of S. malma and S. alpinus. Our data serve as a biogeographic hypothesis for salmonid fishes that the Sea of Japan and/ or Sea of Okhotsk regions represents a place of origin for S. malma and S. alpinus groups currently distributed in circumpolar regions.
C1 [Yamamoto, Shoichiro] Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Aquaculture, Nikko, Tochigi 3211661, Japan.
[Maekawa, Koji] Hokkaido Univ, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600809, Japan.
[Morita, Kentaro] Fisheries Res Agcy, Hokkaido Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0620922, Japan.
[Crane, Penelope A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Oleinik, Alla G.] Russian Acad Sci, Zhirmunsky Inst Marine Biol, Vladivostok 690041, Russia.
RP Yamamoto, S (reprint author), Fisheries Res Agcy, Natl Res Inst Aquaculture, Nikko, Tochigi 3211661, Japan.
EM ysho@affrc.go.jp
RI Morita, Kentaro/G-2578-2015
OI Morita, Kentaro/0000-0002-7803-2438
FU 21st Century COE program on 'Neo-Science of Natural History' at Hokkaido
University - Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and
Technology, Japan; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science [22510251]
FX We are grateful to B. Smoker, F. DeCicco, S. Young, T. Pietsch, K.
Maslenikov, S. Shedko, A. Osinov, S. Zolotukhin, A. Goto, M. Fukushima,
K. Ohkuma, S. Kitano for the donation of charr samples. We thank M.
Yoshida, Y. Shigenobu, T. Harazaki, A. Kondo, R. Yokoyama for their
assistance with the DNA analyses. This study was supported by grants
from a 21st Century COE program on 'Neo-Science of Natural History' at
Hokkaido University financed by the Ministry of Education, Culture,
Sports, Science and Technology, Japan, and by Grant-in-Aid for
Scientific Research (No. 22510251) from Japan Society for the Promotion
of Science. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the
authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service.
NR 61
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 28
PU ZOOLOGICAL SOC JAPAN
PI TOKYO
PA HONGO MT BUILDING 4F, HONGO 7-2-2, BUNKYO-KU, TOKYO, 113-0033, JAPAN
SN 0289-0003
J9 ZOOL SCI
JI Zool. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 31
IS 10
BP 660
EP 670
DI 10.2108/zs130266
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AQ4WB
UT WOS:000342800200005
PM 25284385
ER
PT J
AU Parsons, ECM
Favaro, B
Aguirre, AA
Bauer, AL
Blight, LK
Cigliano, JA
Coleman, MA
Cote, IM
Draheim, M
Fletcher, S
Foley, MM
Jefferson, R
Jones, MC
Kelaher, BP
Lundquist, CJ
Mccarthy, JB
Nelson, A
Patterson, K
Walsh, L
Wright, AJ
Sutherland, WJ
AF Parsons, E. C. M.
Favaro, Brett
Aguirre, A. Alonso
Bauer, Amy L.
Blight, Louise K.
Cigliano, John A.
Coleman, Melinda A.
Cote, Isabelle M.
Draheim, Megan
Fletcher, Stephen
Foley, Melissa M.
Jefferson, Rebecca
Jones, Miranda C.
Kelaher, Brendan P.
Lundquist, Carolyn J.
Mccarthy, Julie-Beth
Nelson, Anne
Patterson, Katheryn
Walsh, Leslie
Wright, Andrew J.
Sutherland, William J.
TI Seventy-One Important Questions for the Conservation of Marine
Biodiversity
SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE horizon scanning; marine biodiversity; policy; priority setting;
research agenda; research questions
ID FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL QUESTIONS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; COASTAL;
ECOSYSTEMS; RESERVES; IMPACTS; POLICY; GLOBALIZATION; CITIZENSHIP
AB The ocean provides food, economic activity, and cultural value for a large proportion of humanity. Our knowledge of marine ecosystems lags behind that of terrestrial ecosystems, limiting effective protection of marine resources. We describe the outcome of 2 workshops in 2011 and 2012 to establish a list of important questions, which, if answered, would substantially improve our ability to conserve and manage the world's marine resources. Participants included individuals from academia, government, and nongovernment organizations with broad experience across disciplines, marine ecosystems, and countries that vary in levels of development. Contributors from the fields of science, conservation, industry, and government submitted questions to our workshops, which we distilled into a list of priority research questions. Through this process, we identified 71 key questions. We grouped these into 8 subject categories, each pertaining to a broad component of marine conservation: fisheries, climate change, other anthropogenic threats, ecosystems, marine citizenship, policy, societal and cultural considerations, and scientific enterprise. Our questions address many issues that are specific to marine conservation, and will serve as a road map to funders and researchers to develop programs that can greatly benefit marine conservation.
C1 [Parsons, E. C. M.; Aguirre, A. Alonso; Bauer, Amy L.; Patterson, Katheryn; Wright, Andrew J.] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Favaro, Brett; Cote, Isabelle M.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Favaro, Brett] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Fisheries & Marine Inst, Ctr Sustainable Aquat Resources, St John, NF A1C 5R3, Canada.
[Aguirre, A. Alonso] Smithsonian Mason Sch Conservat, Front Royal, VA 22630 USA.
[Blight, Louise K.] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Appl Conservat Res, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Blight, Louise K.] WWF Canada, Vancouver, BC V6C 1T2, Canada.
[Cigliano, John A.] Cedar Crest Muhlenberg Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Allentown, PA 18104 USA.
[Coleman, Melinda A.] NSW Fisheries, New South Wales Dept Primary Ind, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia.
[Coleman, Melinda A.; Kelaher, Brendan P.] So Cross Univ, Natl Marine Sci Ctr, Coffs Harbour, NSW 2450, Australia.
[Draheim, Megan] Virginia Tech, Ctr Leadership Global Sustainabil, Nat Resource Programs, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Fletcher, Stephen; Jefferson, Rebecca] Univ Plymouth, Ctr Marine & Coastal Policy Res, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
[Foley, Melissa M.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Woods Inst Environm, Ctr Ocean Solut, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Foley, Melissa M.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Jones, Miranda C.] Univ British Columbia, Fisheries Ctr, Ocean Res Unit, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada.
[Lundquist, Carolyn J.] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res Ltd, Hamilton, New Zealand.
[Lundquist, Carolyn J.] Univ Auckland, Leigh Marine Lab, Inst Marine Sci, Auckland 1, New Zealand.
[Nelson, Anne] Collaborat Ocean Planning, Portland, OR 97293 USA.
[Walsh, Leslie] Natl Geog Soc, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Sutherland, William J.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Conservat Sci Grp, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, England.
RP Parsons, ECM (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM ecm-parsons@earthlink.net
RI Parsons, Edward Christien/C-2409-2011; Coleman, Melinda A/R-5563-2016;
OI Parsons, Edward Christien/0000-0002-0464-1046; Coleman, Melinda
A/0000-0003-2623-633X; Sutherland, William/0000-0002-6498-0437; Wright,
Andrew/0000-0002-8718-8143; Kelaher, Brendan/0000-0002-7505-4412
FU Society for Conservation Biology's (SCB) Marine Section
FX We are grateful to the Society for Conservation Biology's (SCB) Marine
Section for funding this exercise. We thank all individuals who
submitted questions and who participated in the workshops, as well as
the anonymous reviewers whose contributions improved this manuscript.
The authors of this paper are all members of the SCB Biology Marine
Section Board of Directors or Publications Committee. This paper was
edited and submitted in accordance with direction from A. Hummer, SCB's
Executive Director, R. Primark, and SCB's legal counsel, and we thank
them for their advice.
NR 60
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 7
U2 71
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0888-8892
EI 1523-1739
J9 CONSERV BIOL
JI Conserv. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 5
BP 1206
EP 1214
DI 10.1111/cobi.12303
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ3DH
UT WOS:000342668700011
PM 24779474
ER
PT J
AU Wang, N
Ingersoll, CG
Dorman, RA
Brumbaugh, WG
Mebane, CA
Kunz, JL
Hardesty, DK
AF Wang, Ning
Ingersoll, Christopher G.
Dorman, Rebecca A.
Brumbaugh, William G.
Mebane, Christopher A.
Kunz, James L.
Hardesty, Doug K.
TI CHRONIC SENSITIVITY OF WHITE STURGEON (ACIPENSER TRANSMONTANUS) AND
RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) TO CADMIUM, COPPER, LEAD, OR ZINC IN
LABORATORY WATER-ONLY EXPOSURES
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish; Early life stages; Metal; Toxicity; Water quality criteria
ID EARLY-LIFE STAGES; CHRONIC TOXICITY; FRESH-WATER; O-2 UPTAKE; RATIOS;
GILLS
AB Chronic toxicity of cadmium, copper, lead, or zinc to white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) was evaluated in water-only exposures started with newly hatched larvae or approximately 1-mo-old juveniles. The 20% effect concentration (EC20) for cadmium from the sturgeon tests was higher than the EC20 from the trout tests, whereas the EC20 for copper, lead, or zinc for the sturgeon were lower than those EC20s for the trout. When the EC20s from the present study were included in compiled toxicity databases for all freshwater species, species mean chronic value for white sturgeon was in a relatively low percentile of the species sensitivity distribution for copper (9th percentile) and in the middle percentile for cadmium (55th percentile), zinc (40th percentile), or lead (50th percentile). However, the species mean chronic value for rainbow trout was in a high percentile for copper, lead, and zinc (approximate to 68th-82nd percentile), but in a low percentile for cadmium (23rd percentile). The trout EC20s for each of the 4 metals and the sturgeon EC20s for cadmium or lead were above US Environmental Protection Agency chronic ambient water quality criteria (AWQC) or Washington State chronic water quality standards (WQS), whereas the sturgeon EC20s for copper or zinc were approximately equal to or below the chronic AWQC and WQS. In addition, acute 50% effect concentrations (EC50s) for copper obtained in the first 4 d of the chronic sturgeon test were below the final acute value used to derive acute AWQC and below acute WQS for copper. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2246-2258. Published 2014 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
C1 [Wang, Ning; Ingersoll, Christopher G.; Dorman, Rebecca A.; Brumbaugh, William G.; Kunz, James L.; Hardesty, Doug K.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Mebane, Christopher A.] US Geol Survey, Boise, ID USA.
RP Wang, N (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM nwang@usgs.gov
FU US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region [10]; USEPA
FX We thank the staff at the Toxicology Branch, Ecology Branch, and
Environmental Chemistry Branch of the US Geological Survey (USGS),
Columbia Environmental Research Center, for technical assistance. We
thank E. Van Genderen of the International Zinc Association, Durham, NC,
USA, for providing the biotic ligand model-based zinc data, and we thank
J. Chowdhury of the International Lead Zinc Research Organization,
Durham, NC, for providing the biotic ligand model-based lead data. We
thank A. Farag for providing comments on a draft of the manuscript.
Funding for the present study was provided in part by Teck American
through an agreement with the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
Region 10 with funds provided by the USEPA to the USGS through the
Department of Interior Central Hazmat Fund.
NR 41
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 26
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 10
BP 2246
EP 2258
DI 10.1002/etc.2641
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AQ2LZ
UT WOS:000342619100011
PM 24862826
ER
PT J
AU Calfee, RD
Little, EE
Puglis, HJ
Scott, E
Brumbaugh, WG
Mebane, CA
AF Calfee, Robin D.
Little, Edward E.
Puglis, Holly J.
Scott, Erinn
Brumbaugh, William G.
Mebane, Christopher A.
TI ACUTE SENSITIVITY OF WHITE STURGEON (ACIPENSER TRANSMONTANUS) AND
RAINBOW TROUT (ONCORHYNCHUS MYKISS) TO COPPER, CADMIUM, OR ZINC IN
WATER-ONLY LABORATORY EXPOSURES
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE White sturgeon; Early life stages; Metals; Acute toxicity; Biotic ligand
model
ID ACUTE TOXICITY; COLUMBIA RIVER; FRESH-WATER; QUALITY CRITERIA; FISH;
LIFE; PROTECTION; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; HABITAT
AB The acute toxicity of cadmium, copper, and zinc to white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were determined for 7 developmental life stages in flow-through water-only exposures. Metal toxicity varied by species and by life stage. Rainbow trout were more sensitive to cadmium than white sturgeon across all life stages, with median effect concentrations (hardness-normalized EC50s) ranging from 1.47 mu g Cd/L to 2.62 mu g Cd/L with sensitivity remaining consistent during later stages of development. Rainbow trout at 46 d posthatch (dph) ranked at the 2nd percentile of a compiled database for Cd species sensitivity distribution with an EC50 of 1.46 mu g Cd/L and 72 dph sturgeon ranked at the 19th percentile (EC50 of 3.02 mu g Cd/L). White sturgeon were more sensitive to copper than rainbow trout in 5 of the 7 life stages tested with biotic ligand model (BLM)-normalized EC50s ranging from 1.51 mu g Cu/L to 21.9 mu g Cu/L. In turn, rainbow trout at 74 dph and 95 dph were more sensitive to copper than white sturgeon at 72 dph and 89 dph, indicating sturgeon become more tolerant in older life stages, whereas older trout become more sensitive to copper exposure. White sturgeon at 2 dph, 16 dph, and 30 dph ranked in the lower percentiles of a compiled database for copper species sensitivity distribution, ranking at the 3rd (2 dph), 5th (16 dph), and 10th (30 dph) percentiles. White sturgeon were more sensitive to zinc than rainbow trout for 1 out of 7 life stages tested (2 dph with an biotic ligand model-normalized EC50 of 209 mu g Zn/L) and ranked in the 1st percentile of a compiled database for zinc species sensitivity distribution. Environ Toxicol Chem 2014;33:2259-2272. (c) 2014. The Authors. This article is a US government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published byWiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
C1 [Calfee, Robin D.; Little, Edward E.; Puglis, Holly J.; Scott, Erinn; Brumbaugh, William G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Mebane, Christopher A.] US Geol Survey, Boise, ID USA.
RP Calfee, RD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM rcalfee@usgs.gov
FU Teck Resources Limited; US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)
Region [10]; USEPA
FX We thank the staff in the Ecology Branch, Toxicology Branch, and
Environmental Chemistry Branch of the US Geological Survey (USGS),
Columbia Environmental Research Center, for technical assistance. We
thank E. Van Genderen of the International Zinc Association, Durham,
North Carolina, USA, for providing the biotic ligand model-based zinc
data. Funding for the present study was provided in part by Teck
Resources Limited through an agreement with the US Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 10 with funds provided by USEPA to USGS
through the Department of Interior Central Hazmat Fund. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 52
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 33
IS 10
BP 2259
EP 2272
DI 10.1002/etc.2684
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AQ2LZ
UT WOS:000342619100012
PM 25043712
ER
PT J
AU McDougall, K
Martinez, AYM
AF McDougall, Kristin
Miranda Martinez, Adriana Yanet
TI Evidence for a marine incursion along the lower Colorado River corridor
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; PLIOCENE BOUSE FORMATION; ANDREAS FAULT SYSTEM;
AMMONIA-BECCARII; SOUTHEASTERN CALIFORNIA; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; WESTERN
ARIZONA; TEPIDA CUSHMAN; SEA-LEVEL; FORAMINIFERAL ASSEMBLAGES
AB Foraminiferal assemblages in the stratigraphically lower part of the Bouse Formation in the Blythe basin (lower Colorado River corridor, western USA) indicate marine conditions, whereas assemblages in the upper part of the Bouse Formation indicate lacustrine conditions and suggest the presence of a saline lake. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the lower part of the Bouse Formation are similar to lagoonal and inner neritic biofacies of the modern Gulf of California. Evidence suggesting a change from marine to lacustrine conditions includes the highest occurrence of planktic foraminifers at an elevation of 123 m above sea level (asl), the change from low diversity to monospecific foraminiferal assemblages composed only of Ammonia beccarii (between 110 and 126 m asl), an increase in abundance of A. beccarii specimens (above similar to 110 m asl), increased number of deformed tests (above similar to 123 m asl), first appearance of Chara (at similar to 85 m asl), lowest occurrence of reworked Cretaceous coccoliths (at similar to 110 m), a decrease in strontium isotopic values (between 70 and 120 m), and delta O-18 and delta C-13 values similar to seawater (between 70 and 100 m asl). Planktic foraminifers indicate a late Miocene age between 8.1 and 5.3 Ma for the oldest part of the Bouse Formation in the southern part of the Blythe basin. Benthic and planktic foraminifers correlate with other late Miocene sections in the proto-Gulf of California and suggest that the basal Bouse Formation in the Blythe basin was deposited at the northern end of this proto-gulf. After the marine connection was restricted or eliminated, the Colorado River flowed into the Blythe basin, forming a saline lake. This lake supported a monospecifi c foraminiferal assemblage of A. beccarii until the lake spilled into the Salton Trough and the Colorado River became a through-flowing river.
C1 [McDougall, Kristin] US Geol Survey, Geol Minerals Energy & Geophys Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Miranda Martinez, Adriana Yanet] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Geol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico.
RP McDougall, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Minerals Energy & Geophys Sci Ctr, 2255 Nini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
FU PAPIIT (Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos de Investigacion e Innovacion
Tecnologica) UNAM [IN102211]; CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y
Tecnologia) [172854]
FX We thank Elizabeth Mennow at the U.S. Geological Survey Flagstaff
Micropaleontology Laboratory for her work and assistance in preparing
and locating samples and Debra Block for assisting with geographic
information system work. We also thank Kyle House and Sue Beard for
listening and discussing various ideas, and for encouragement, and
Yolanda Hornelas Orozco, in Laboratorio de Microscopia Electronica de
Barrido, Instituto de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia, Universidad
Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), for taking scanning electron
microscope photomicrographs. We appreciate the reviews and comments
provided by Keith Howard and Charles Powell II of the U.S. Geological
Survey, and Andy Cohen of the University of Arizona. Miranda appreciates
the financial support provided by PAPIIT (Programa de Apoyo a Proyectos
de Investigacion e Innovacion Tecnologica) UNAM (IN102211 to A. L.
Carreno) and CONACYT (Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia,
scholarship 172854).
NR 181
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 14
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 5
BP 842
EP 869
DI 10.1130/GES00975.1
PG 28
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ2JE
UT WOS:000342610800002
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, K
Nissen, E
Saripalli, S
Arrowsmith, JR
McGarey, P
Scharer, K
Williams, P
Blisniuk, K
AF Johnson, Kendra
Nissen, Edwin
Saripalli, Srikanth
Arrowsmith, J. Ramon
McGarey, Patrick
Scharer, Katherine
Williams, Patrick
Blisniuk, Kimberly
TI Rapid mapping of ultrafine fault zone topography with structure from
motion
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLE; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; HIGH-RESOLUTION TOPOGRAPHY;
W 7.1 DARFIELD; DIFFERENTIAL LIDAR; SURFACE RUPTURE; LARGE EARTHQUAKES;
SEISMIC-HAZARD; CARRIZO PLAIN; POINT CLOUDS
AB Structure from Motion (SfM) generates high-resolution topography and coregistered texture (color) from an unstructured set of overlapping photographs taken from varying viewpoints, overcoming many of the cost, time, and logistical limitations of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and other topographic surveying methods. This paper provides the first investigation of SfM as a tool for mapping fault zone topography in areas of sparse or low-lying vegetation. First, we present a simple, affordable SfM workflow, based on an unmanned helium balloon or motorized glider, an inexpensive camera, and semiautomated software. Second, we illustrate the system at two sites on southern California faults covered by existing airborne or terrestrial LiDAR, enabling a comparative assessment of SfM topography resolution and precision. At the first site, an similar to 0.1 km(2) alluvial fan on the San Andreas fault, a colored point cloud of density mostly >700 points/m(2) and a 3 cm digital elevation model (DEM) and orthophoto were produced from 233 photos collected similar to 50 m above ground level. When a few global positioning system ground control points are incorporated, closest point vertical distances to the much sparser (similar to 4 points/m(2)) airborne LiDAR point cloud are mostly <3 cm. The second site spans an similar to 1 km section of the 1992 Landers earthquake scarp. A colored point cloud of density mostly >530 points/m(2) and a 2 cm DEM and orthophoto were produced from 450 photos taken from similar to 60 m above ground level. Closest point vertical distances to existing terrestrial LiDAR data of comparable density are mostly <6 cm. Each SfM survey took similar to 2 h to complete and several hours to generate the scene topography and texture. SfM greatly facilitates the imaging of subtle geomorphic offsets related to past earthquakes as well as rapid response mapping or long-term monitoring of faulted landscapes.
C1 [Johnson, Kendra; Nissen, Edwin] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Saripalli, Srikanth; Arrowsmith, J. Ramon; McGarey, Patrick] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
[Scharer, Katherine] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Williams, Patrick] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Blisniuk, Kimberly] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
RP Johnson, K (reprint author), Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geophys, 1500 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RI Nissen, Edwin/E-2109-2011;
OI Nissen, Edwin/0000-0002-0406-2706
FU Southern California Earthquake Center [10526, 13084]; National Science
Foundation (NSF) [0930731, 0930643]; Earth Sciences (EAR) Geophysics
program at the NSF; NSF [EAR-0651098]
FX This project was funded by the Southern California Earthquake Center
through grants 10526 and 13084. Our highest quality structure from
motion (SfM) datasets at both sites are freely available for download
(as point clouds or digital elevation models) from the OpenTopography
portal (www.opentopography.org), which is supported by the National
Science Foundation (NSF) under awards 0930731 and 0930643. All LiDAR
(light detection and ranging) data used in the paper were also
downloaded from OpenTopography. The B4 LiDAR Project collected point
cloud data over the southern San Andreas and San Jacinto faults in
southern California. Lidar data acquisition and processing were
performed by the National Center for Airborne Laser Mapping in
partnership with the U. S. Geological Survey (USGS; led by Ken Hudnut)
and Ohio State University (led by Michael Bevis) with funding from the
Earth Sciences (EAR) Geophysics program at the NSF. Optech International
contributed the ALTM3100 laser scanner system, UNAVCO and SCIGN
(Southern California Integrated GPS Network) assisted in global
positioning system (GPS) ground control and continuous high-rate GPS
data acquisition, and a group of volunteers from the USGS, University of
California-San Diego, University of California-Los Angeles, California
Institute of Technology, and private industry, as well as gracious
landowners along the fault zones, also made the project possible.
Terrestrial LiDAR data for the Galway Lake Road scarp were collected by
a joint team from the University of Texas-Dallas and Arizona State
University with support from NSF grant EAR-0651098. This scan, and our
new SfM dataset, build on more than two decades of work at this site led
by Dallas Rhodes and Ramon Arrowsmith. Dimitri Lague brought the open
source CloudCompare (http://www.danielgm.net/cc/) to our attention, and
students at the Understanding Earth-Surface Processes in the Alpine
Environment from High-Resolution Topography European Geosciences Union
summer school (http://intra.tesaf.unipd.it/cms/summeregu2013/) showed
Arrowsmith how well it could work for these purposes. We thank Brance
Hudzietz and Yucong Lin for their help in the field; several other
colleagues, including Chris Crosby, Emily Kleber, Mike Oskin, and
Barrett Salisbury, for many fruitful discussions; and Ryan Gold and
Scott Bennett for careful initial reviews of the manuscript. We also
thank an anonymous reviewer, Nico Hardebol, and Shanaka de Silva for
their reviews for Geosphere. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.
S. Government.
NR 73
TC 20
Z9 23
U1 5
U2 32
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 5
BP 969
EP 986
DI 10.1130/GES01017.1
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ2JE
UT WOS:000342610800008
ER
PT J
AU Preece, SJ
McGimsey, RG
Westgate, JA
Pearce, NJG
Hart, WK
Perkins, WT
AF Preece, S. J.
McGimsey, R. G.
Westgate, J. A.
Pearce, N. J. G.
Hart, W. K.
Perkins, W. T.
TI Chemical complexity and source of the White River Ash, Alaska and Yukon
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID WRANGELL VOLCANIC FIELD; NORTH-AMERICA; ICP-MS; NORTHWESTERN CANADA;
MAGMA CHAMBERS; GLASS SHARDS; TEPHRA BEDS; TERRITORY; MANTLE; AGE
AB The White River Ash, a prominent stratigraphic marker bed in Alaska (USA) and Yukon (Canada), consists of multiple compositional units belonging to two geochemical groups. The compositional units are characterized using multiple criteria, with combined glass and ilmenite compositions being the best discriminators. Two compositional units compose the northern group (WRA-Na and WRA-Nb), and two units are present in the eastern group (WRA-Ea and the younger, WRA-Eb). In the proximal area, the ca. 1900 yr B. P. (Lerbekmo et al., 1975) WRA-Na displays reverse zoning in the glass phase and systematic changes in ilmenite composition and estimated oxygen fugacity from the base to the top of the unit. The eruption probably tapped different magma batches or bodies within the magma reservoir with limited mixing or mingling between them. The 1147 cal yr B. P. (calibrated years, approximately equivalent to calendric years) (Clague et al., 1995) WRA-Ea eruption is only weakly zoned, but pumices with different glass compositions are present, along with gray and white intermingled glass in individual pumice clasts, indicating the presence of multiple magmatic bodies or layers. All White River Ash products are high-silica adakites and are sourced from the Mount Churchill magmatic system.
C1 [Preece, S. J.; Westgate, J. A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada.
[McGimsey, R. G.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Pearce, N. J. G.; Perkins, W. T.] Aberystwyth Univ, Dept Geog & Earth Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales.
[Hart, W. K.] Miami Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Earth Sci, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
RP Preece, SJ (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada.
EM preece@es.utoronto.ca
RI Pearce, Nicholas/B-5295-2009;
OI Pearce, Nicholas/0000-0003-3157-9564
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; U.S.
National Science Foundation
FX This contribution is dedicated to the memory of Don Richter of the U. S.
Geological Survey, who worked extensively in the Wrangell volcanic field
and encouraged two of us (Preece and Hart) to examine the volcanology
and petrology of the Wrangell volcanic field. Preece thanks D. Froese of
the University of Alberta for support during a portion of this study.
This work was supported by funding from the Natural Sciences and
Engineering Research Council of Canada to Westgate and from the U.S.
National Science Foundation to Hart. We thank Keith Labay of the U. S.
Geological Survey for preparation of Figures 1 and 2, and Tom Sisson and
two other reviewers for their comments.
NR 60
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 8
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 10
IS 5
BP 1020
EP 1042
DI 10.1130/GES00953.1
PG 23
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AQ2JE
UT WOS:000342610800011
ER
PT J
AU Gini, C
AF Gini, Chandra
TI LETTER FROM CHANDRA P. GIRI, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Gini, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 10
BP 916
EP 916
PG 1
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AQ1OX
UT WOS:000342551800001
ER
PT J
AU Colditz, RR
Pouliot, D
Llamas, RM
Homer, C
Latifovic, R
Ressl, RA
Tovar, CM
Hernandez, AV
Richardson, K
AF Colditz, Rene R.
Pouliot, Darren
Llamas, Ricardo M.
Homer, Collin
Latifovic, Rasim
Ressl, Rainer A.
Tovar, Carmen Meneses
Hernandez, Arturo Victoria
Richardson, Karen
TI DETECTION OF NORTH AMERICAN LAND COVER CHANGE BETWEEN 2005 AND 2010 WITH
250M MODIS DATA
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; CANADA; IMAGERY
C1 [Colditz, Rene R.; Llamas, Ricardo M.; Ressl, Rainer A.] Natl Commiss Knowledge & Use Biodivers CONABIO, Mexico City 14010, DF, Mexico.
[Pouliot, Darren; Latifovic, Rasim] CCRS, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E4, Canada.
[Homer, Collin] US Geol Survey, Ctr Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Tovar, Carmen Meneses] Natl Forestry Commiss CONAFOR, Zapopan 45019, Jalisco, Mexico.
[Hernandez, Arturo Victoria] Natl Inst Stat & Geog INEGI, Aguascalientes 20270, Mexico.
[Richardson, Karen] Commiss Environm Cooperat CEC, Montreal, PQ H2Y 1N9, Canada.
RP Colditz, RR (reprint author), Natl Commiss Knowledge & Use Biodivers CONABIO, Liga Periferico Insurgentes 4903,Parques Pedregal, Mexico City 14010, DF, Mexico.
EM rene.colditz@conabio.gob.mx
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 4
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 10
BP 918
EP 924
PG 7
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AQ1OX
UT WOS:000342551800005
ER
PT J
AU Myint, SW
Franklin, J
Buenemann, M
Kim, WK
Gini, CP
AF Myint, Soe W.
Franklin, Janet
Buenemann, Michaele
Kim, Won K.
Gini, Chandra P.
TI Examining Change Detection Approaches for Tropical Mangrove Monitoring
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID REMOTE-SENSING TECHNIQUES; LAND-COVER; FOREST DISTRIBUTIONS; SATELLITE
DATA; VEGETATION; ACCURACY; DYNAMICS; IMAGERY; COAST; CLASSIFICATION
AB This study evaluated the effectiveness of different band combinations and classifiers (unsupervised, supervised, object-oriented nearest neighbor, and object-oriented decision rule) for quantifying mangrove forest change using multitemporal Landsat data. A discriminant analysis using spectra of different vegetation types determined that bands 2 (0.52 to 0.6 mu m), 5 (1.55 to 1.75 mu m), and 7(2.08 to 2.35 mu m) were the most effective bands for differentiating mangrove forests from surrounding land cover types. A ranking of thirty-six change maps, produced by comparing the classification accuracy of twelve change detection approaches, was used. The object-based Nearest Neighbor classifier produced the highest mean overall accuracy (84 percent) regardless of band combinations. The automated decision rule-based approach (mean overall accuracy of 88 percent) as well as a composite of bands 2, 5, and 7 used with the unsupervised classifier and the same composite or all band difference with the object-oriented Nearest Neighbor classifier were the most effective approaches.
C1 [Myint, Soe W.; Franklin, Janet] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Buenemann, Michaele] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geog, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Kim, Won K.] Korea Forest Res Inst, Forest Econ & Management Div, Seoul 132712, South Korea.
[Gini, Chandra P.] USGS, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Myint, SW (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, POB 875302, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM Soe.myint@asu.edu
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 80
IS 10
BP 983
EP 993
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA AQ1OX
UT WOS:000342551800013
ER
PT J
AU Namgail, T
Takekawa, JY
Balachandran, S
Sathiyaselvam, P
Mundkur, T
Newman, SH
AF Namgail, Tsewang
Takekawa, John Y.
Balachandran, Sivananinthaperumal
Sathiyaselvam, Ponnusamy
Mundkur, Taej
Newman, Scott H.
TI Space use of wintering waterbirds in India: Influence of trophic ecology
on home-range size
SO CURRENT ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Anatidae; Garganey; Gadwall; Northern Shoveler; Chilika; India
ID PINTAILS
AB Relationship between species' home range and their other biological traits remains poorly understood, especially in migratory birds due to the difficulty associated with tracking them. Advances in satellite telemetry and remote sensing techniques have proved instrumental in overcoming such challenges. We studied the space use of migratory ducks through satellite telemetry with an objective of understanding the influence of body mass and feeding habits on their home-range sizes. We marked 26 individuals, representing five species of migratory ducks, with satellite transmitters during two consecutive winters in three Indian states. We used kernel methods to estimate home ranges and core use areas of these waterfowl, and assessed the influence of body mass and feeding habits on home-range size. Feeding habits influenced the home-range size of the migratory ducks. Carnivorous ducks had the largest home ranges, herbivorous ducks the smallest, while omnivorous species had intermediate home-ranges. Body mass did not explain variation in home-range size. To our knowledge, this is the first study of its kind on migratory ducks, and it has important implications for their conservation and management
C1 [Namgail, Tsewang; Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Namgail, Tsewang] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Balachandran, Sivananinthaperumal; Sathiyaselvam, Ponnusamy] Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Bombay 400001, Maharashtra, India.
[Mundkur, Taej] Wetlands Int, NL-6700 AL Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Newman, Scott H.] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, Hanoi, Vietnam.
RP Namgail, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
EM tsewang.namgail@gmail.com
FU EMPRES Wildlife Health and Ecology Unit of the FAO; U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS); Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS); Wetlands
International
FX Funding for this work was received from the EMPRES Wildlife Health and
Ecology Unit of the FAO, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Bombay Natural
History Society (BNHS) and Wetlands International. We thank David
Douglas and William Perry (USGS) for their help and support with the
satellite data and Lacy Smith (USGS) for her help with the GIS work. We
also acknowledge the help and support of Shane Heath (USGS), Meenakshi
Nagendran (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), Jim Harvey (Moss Landing
Marine Laboratories), Bridget Collins (USGS), Tracy McCracken, Acty
George (FAO), Lucy Hawkes (University of Wales), Devojit Das, V.
Thirunavukarasu, P. Gangaiamaran, Dr.Mandava V. Subba Rao, S. Nagarajan,
Anwaruddin Choudhury (Joint Secretary, Tourism, Government of Assam),
Sourabh Sen (US State Department, US Embassy in Kolkata) for support and
encouragement in the field. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government. The designations employed and the
presentation of material in this information product do not imply the
expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) concerning the
legal or development status of any country, territory, city or area or
of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or
boundaries. The mention of specific companies or products of
manufacturers, whether or not these have been patented, does not imply
that these have been endorsed or recommended by FAO in preference to
others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. The views expressed
in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not
necessarily reflect the views of FAO.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 17
PU CURRENT ZOOLOGY
PI BEIJING
PA CHINESE ACAD SCIENCES, INST ZOOLOGY, BEICHEN XILU, CHAOYANG DISTRICT,
BEIJING, 100101, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1674-5507
J9 CURR ZOOL
JI Curr. Zool.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 60
IS 5
BP 616
EP 621
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AP8UT
UT WOS:000342355500007
ER
PT J
AU Duke, GI
Carlson, RW
Frost, CD
Hearn, BC
Eby, GN
AF Duke, Genet Ide
Carlson, Richard W.
Frost, Carol D.
Hearn, B. C., Jr.
Eby, G. Nelson
TI Continent-scale linearity of kimberlite-carbonatite magmatism,
mid-continent North America
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE kimberlite; carbonatite; Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotope geochemistry; mantle
reservoirs; Arkansas
ID ABSAROKA VOLCANIC PROVINCE; FARALLON PLATE SUBDUCTION; ND ISOTOPIC
EVIDENCE; EARTHS DEEP MANTLE; UNITED-STATES; LITHOSPHERIC MANTLE;
WYOMING CRATON; IGNEOUS PROVINCE; TRANSITION-ZONE; SILICATE ROCKS
AB Cretaceous-Tertiary kimberlite-carbonatite magmatism in mid-continent North America extends along a N40 degrees W linear trend from Louisiana to Alberta, and occurs in at least four different pulses (similar to 109-85, 67-64,55-52, and less than 50 Ma). The lack of spatial age progressions of magmatism consistent with motion of North America over a fixed hot spot, the presence of Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotopic and trace-element compositions that show a temporal evolution from lithospheric to asthenospheric melt-sources, and the orientation of the magmatic belt parallel to the western subduction margin of the North American plate, suggest that this linear zone is the surface expression of mantle melting related to the subduction system. We propose that fragmentation of Farallon and Kula plates opened slab windows perpendicular to their convergence direction. In this model, sheet-like mantle upwellings were induced along slab-window margins, and these upwellings underwent low-degree partial melting to produce highly alkalic magmas along the trend parallel to, but similar to 2000 km east of, the convergent margin. The N40 degrees W trend may reflect melting associated with penetration of the mantle transition-zone by the downgoing oceanic plate(s). (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Duke, Genet Ide] Arkansas Tech Univ, Russellville, AR 72801 USA.
[Carlson, Richard W.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC USA.
[Frost, Carol D.] Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Hearn, B. C., Jr.] USGS Reston Smithsonian, Reston, VA USA.
[Eby, G. Nelson] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, MA USA.
RP Duke, GI (reprint author), Arkansas Tech Univ, Russellville, AR 72801 USA.
EM gduke1@atu.edu
RI Frost, Carol/E-9048-2014;
OI Frost, Carol/0000-0002-1674-2725; Eby, G. Nelson/0000-0001-8702-1039
FU Louisiana State University-Alexandria [PO31A050073]
FX We thank S. Shirey for helpful comments and reviews, M. Horan and T.
Mock for lab guidance, and M. Howard, A.N. Mariano, and D. Clark for
field help. Funding for the Arkansas lab and field work was provided by
two federal Title III mini-grants administered by Louisiana State
University-Alexandria (PR Award PO31A050073), with special thanks to T.
Awtry and T. Armstrong. We are grateful for reviews from three anonymous
individuals, as well as for comments from the editor.
NR 123
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 403
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.06.023
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AP7GZ
UT WOS:000342247100001
ER
PT J
AU Barnhart, WD
Hayes, GP
Briggs, RW
Gold, RD
Bilham, R
AF Barnhart, W. D.
Hayes, G. P.
Briggs, R. W.
Gold, R. D.
Bilham, R.
TI Ball-and-socket tectonic rotation during the 2013 M(w)7.7 Balochistan
earthquake
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE geodesy; seismology; continental strike slip earthquakes; block
rotations
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; STRIKE-SLIP; SURFACE DEFORMATION; SOUTHWEST-PAKISTAN;
ACCRETIONARY WEDGE; PLATE BOUNDARY; ASEISMIC SLIP; MECHANICS;
REACTIVATION; CALIFORNIA
AB The September 2013 M(w)7.7 Balochistan earthquake ruptured a similar to 200-km-long segment of the curved Hoshab fault in southern Pakistan with 10 +/- 0.2 m of peak sinistral and similar to 1.7 +/- 0.8 m of dip slip. This rupture is unusual because the fault dips 60 +/- 15 degrees towards the focus of a small circle centered in northwest Pakistan, and, despite a 30 degrees increase in obliquity along strike, the ratios of strike and dip slip remain relatively uniform. Surface displacements and geodetic and teleseismic source inversions quantify a bilateral rupture that propagated rapidly at shallow depths from a transtensional jog near the northern end of the rupture. Static friction prior to rupture was unusually weak (mu < 0.05), and friction may have approached zero during dynamic rupture. Here we show that the inward-dipping Hoshab fault defines the northern rim of a structural unit in southeast Makran that rotates - akin to a 2-D ball-and-socket joint - counter-clockwise in response to India's penetration into the Eurasian plate. This rotation accounts for complexity in the Chaman fault system and, in principle, reduces seismic potential near Karachi; nonetheless, these findings highlight deficiencies in strong ground motion equations and tectonic models that invoke Anderson-Byerlee faulting predictions. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Barnhart, W. D.; Hayes, G. P.; Briggs, R. W.; Gold, R. D.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Bilham, R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Bilham, R.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Barnhart, WD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM wbarnhart@usgs.gov
RI Briggs, Richard/A-1348-2013; Barnhart, William/L-9446-2015; peut.etre,
peut.etre/G-7835-2015;
OI Briggs, Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046; Bilham, Roger/0000-0002-5547-4102
FU USGS Mendenhall Postdoctoral fellowship; USGS Geological Hazards program
FX We thank Edwin Nissen, Jean-Philippe Avouac, an anonymous reviewer, and
editor Peter Shearer for thoughtful reviews that helped to improve the
manuscript. Additionally, we thank Michael Willis and Andrew Melkonian
for discussions on strategies to process Landsat imagery and providing
tools for offset geocoding, and Earl Wilson for assistance in obtaining
WorldView-2 optical imagery. W. Barnhart was supported by a USGS
Mendenhall Postdoctoral fellowship; G. Hayes, R. Briggs, and R. Gold
were supported by the USGS Geological Hazards program. WorldView-2
optical imagery 2013 Digital Globe, provided through the NGA Commercial
Imagery Program. Several figures were produced using the Generic Mapping
Tool (Wessel and Smith, 1998). Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 56
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 403
BP 210
EP 216
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.07.001
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AP7GZ
UT WOS:000342247100020
ER
PT J
AU Cull, S
Cravotta, CA
Klinges, JG
Weeks, C
AF Cull, Selby
Cravotta, Charles A., III
Klinges, Julia Grace
Weeks, Chloe
TI Spectral masking of goethite in abandoned mine drainage systems:
Implications for Mars
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; remote sensing; acid mine drainage
ID SOUTHERN ANTHRACITE COALFIELD; SWATARA CREEK BASIN; OMEGA/MARS EXPRESS;
FIELD-EVALUATION; OXIDE MINERALS; PENNSYLVANIA; USA; IRON; SULFATES;
HEMATITE
AB Remote sensing studies of the surface of Mars use visible- to near-infrared (VNIR) spectroscopy to identify hydrated and hydroxylated minerals, which can be used to constrain past environmental conditions on the surface of Mars. However, due to differences in optical properties, some hydrated phases can mask others in VNIR spectra, complicating environmental interpretations. Here, we examine the role of masking in VNIR spectra of natural precipitates of ferrihydrite, schwertmannite, and goethite from abandoned mine drainage (AMD) systems in southeastern Pennsylvania. Mixtures of ferrihydrite, schwertmannite, and goethite were identified in four AMD sites by using X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and their XRD patterns compared to their VNIR spectra. We find that both ferrihydrite and schwertmannite can mask goethite in VNIR spectra of natural AMD precipitates. These findings suggest that care should be taken in interpreting environments on Mars where ferrihydrite, schwertmannite, or goethite are found, as the former two may be masking the latter. Additionally, our findings suggest that outcrops on Mars with both goethite and ferrihydrite/schwertmannite VNIR signatures may have high relative abundances of goethite, or the goethite may exist in a coarsely crystalline phase. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Cull, Selby; Weeks, Chloe] Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Geol, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.
[Cravotta, Charles A., III] US Geol Survey, Penn Water Sci Ctr, New Cumberland, PA 17070 USA.
[Klinges, Julia Grace] Haverford Coll, Haverford, PA 19041 USA.
RP Cull, S (reprint author), Bryn Mawr Coll, Dept Geol, 101 Merion Ave, Bryn Mawr, PA 19010 USA.
EM scull@brynmawr.edu
FU Bryn Mawr College Praxis Program; Summer Science Program
FX The authors would like to thank the Schuylkill Headwaters Association
and Schuylkill Conservation District for their field assistance,
particularly Wayne Lehman and William Reichert. We also thank the Bryn
Mawr College Praxis Program and Summer Science Program, which provided
funding and support for student involvement in this project, and EunJi
Yun and Misha Sims for help with sample preparation. Finally, we thank
Jerry Bigham and two anonymous reviewers for feedback that improved the
quality of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 403
BP 217
EP 224
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2014.06.045
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AP7GZ
UT WOS:000342247100021
ER
PT J
AU Engeman, R
Avery, ML
Jacobson, E
AF Engeman, Richard
Avery, Michael L.
Jacobson, Elliott
TI Weighing empirical and hypothetical evidence for assessing potential
invasive species range limits: a review of the case of Burmese pythons
in the USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE Climate matching; Constrictor snakes; Physiological ecology; Python
molurus bivittatus; Species distribution models; Thermal tolerances
ID EVERGLADES NATIONAL-PARK; MOLURUS-BIVITTATUS; FLORIDA; MODELS; REPTILES;
DISTRIBUTIONS; EXPANSION; SUCCESS; PREDICT
AB Range expansion potential is an important consideration for prioritizing management actions against an invasive species. Understanding the potential for range expansion by invasive reptiles such as the Burmese python can be challenging, because the lack of knowledge on fundamental physiological and behavioral constraints initially forces reliance on modeling to predict hypothetical invasive range potential. Hypothetical predictions for Burmese python range limits in the USA have been highly divergent, from only extreme South Florida and the extreme southern Gulf edge of Texas to a broad swath over the southern third of the continental USA. Empirical observations on python thermal tolerances and behavioral abilities to cope with more temperate temperatures became evident during a cold spell in December 2009-January 2010. We review and highlight important considerations for improving invasive range estimation methodology, deciding between competing range predictions, and the importance of having, and applying, empirical data to aid in decision making.
C1 [Engeman, Richard] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Avery, Michael L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32641 USA.
[Jacobson, Elliott] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
RP Engeman, R (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM richard.m.engeman@aphis.usda.gov
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 26
U2 116
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 0944-1344
EI 1614-7499
J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R
JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 20
BP 11973
EP 11978
DI 10.1007/s11356-014-3173-4
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AQ0DP
UT WOS:000342453100031
PM 24943887
ER
PT J
AU Bourdet, J
Burruss, RC
Chou, IM
Kempton, R
Liu, KY
Hung, NV
AF Bourdet, Julien
Burruss, Robert C.
Chou, I. -Ming
Kempton, Richard
Liu, Keyu
Nguyen Viet Hung
TI Evidence for a palaeo-oil column and alteration of residual oil in a
gas-condensate field: Integrated oil inclusion and experimental results
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID HYDROCARBON FLUID INCLUSIONS; WESTERN CANADA BASIN; FT-IR MEASUREMENTS;
CRUDE OILS; PETROLEUM GEOCHEMISTRY; FLUORESCENCE ALTERATION; RESERVOIR
GEOCHEMISTRY; SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
THERMAL-MATURATION
AB In the Phuong Dong gas condensate field, Cuu Long Basin, Vietnam, hydrocarbon inclusions in quartz trapped a variety of petroleum fluids in the gas zone. Based on the attributes of the oil inclusion assemblages (fluorescence colour of the oil, bubble size, presence of bitumen), the presence of a palaeo-oil column is inferred prior to migration of gas into the reservoir. When a palaeo-oil column is displaced by gas, a residual volume fraction of oil remains in pores. If the gas does not completely mix with the oil, molecular partitioning between the residual oil and the new gas charge may change the composition and properties of the residual oil (gas stripping or gas washing). To simulate this phenomenon in the laboratory, we sealed small amounts of crude oil (42 and 30 similar to API) and excess pure gas (methane, ethane, or propane) in fused silica capillary capsules (FSCCs), with and without water. These mixtures were characterized with the same methods used to characterize the fluid inclusions, heating and cooling stage microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, synchrotron FT-IR, and Raman spectroscopy. At room temperature, mixtures of ethane and propane with the 30 degrees API oil formed a new immiscible fluorescent liquid phase with colour that is visually more blue than the initial oil. The fluorescence of the original oil phase shifted to yellow or disappeared with formation of semi-solid residues. The blue-shift of the fluorescence of the immiscible phases and strong CH stretching bands in FT-IR spectra are consistent with stripping of hydrocarbon molecules from the oil. In experiments in FSCCs with water solid residues are common. At elevated temperature, reproducing geologic reservoir conditions, the fluorescence changes and therefore the molecular fractionation are enhanced. However, the precipitation of solid residues is responsible of more complex changes. Mixing experiments with the 42 degrees Lambda PI oil do not form a new immiscible hydrocarbon liquid although the fluorescence displays a similar yellow shift when gas is added. Solid residues rarely form in mixtures with 42 degrees API oil. FT-IR spectra suggest that the decrease of fluorescence intensity of the original oil at short wavelengths to be due to the partitioning of low molecular weight aromatic molecules into the vapour phase and/or the new immiscible liquid phase. The decrease of fluorescence intensity at long wavelengths appears to be due to loss of high molecular weight aromatics during precipitation of solid residues by desorption of aromatics and resins from asphaltenes. Desorption of low molecular weight aromatics and resins from asphaltenes during precipitation can also increase the fluorescence intensity at short wavelengths of the residual oil. Water clearly affects the precipitation of semi-solid residues from the oil phase of the lowest API gravity oil. The change of hydrocarbon phase(s) in UV-visible fluorescence and FT-IR enclosed within the FSCCs were compared with the fluorescence patterns of natural fluid inclusions at Phuong Dong gas condensate field. The experimental results support the concept of gas-washing of residual oil and are consistent with the oil inclusion attributes from the current gas zone at Phuong Dong field. The hydrocarbon charge history of the fractured granite reservoir is interpreted to result from the trapping of residual oil after drainage of a palaeo-oil column by gas. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bourdet, Julien; Kempton, Richard; Liu, Keyu] CSIRO Energy Flagship, ARRC, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
[Burruss, Robert C.; Chou, I. -Ming] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Nguyen Viet Hung] Japan Vietnam Petr Co Ltd, Explorat Grp, JX Nippon Oil & Gas Consulting Serv, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
RP Bourdet, J (reprint author), CSIRO Energy Flagship, ARRC, 26 Dick Perry Ave, Kensington, WA 6151, Australia.
EM julien.bourdet@csiro.au; burruss@usgs.gov; imchou@usgs.gov;
richard.kempton@csiro.au; keyu.liu@csiro.au; hung.nv@jvpc.com.vn
NR 78
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 142
BP 362
EP 385
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.022
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ2NB
UT WOS:000342622400024
ER
PT J
AU Fiege, A
Holtz, F
Shimizu, N
Mandeville, CW
Behrens, H
Knipping, JL
AF Fiege, Adrian
Holtz, Francois
Shimizu, Nobumichi
Mandeville, Charles W.
Behrens, Harald
Knipping, Jaayke L.
TI Sulfur isotope fractionation between fluid and andesitic melt: An
experimental study
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICATE MELTS; OXIDATION-STATE; GLASS MELTS; DISSOLUTION MECHANISM;
MOLAR ABSORPTIVITIES; VOLCANIC-ERUPTIONS; MAGMATIC VOLATILES; OXYGEN
FUGACITY; STABLE-ISOTOPE; BASALTIC MELTS
AB Glasses produced from decompression experiments conducted by Fiege et al. (2014a) were used to investigate the fractionation of sulfur isotopes between fluid and andesitic melt upon magma degassing. Starting materials were synthetic glasses with a composition close to a Krakatau dacitic andesite. The glasses contained 4.55-7.95 wt% H2O, similar to 140 to 2700 ppm sulfur (S), and 0-1000 ppm chlorine (Cl). The experiments were carried out in internally heated pressure vessels (IHPV) at 1030 degrees C and oxygen fugacities (f(O2)) ranging from QFM+0.8 log units up to QFM+4.2 log units (QFM: quartz fayalite magnetite buffer).
The decompression experiments were conducted by releasing pressure (P) continuously from similar to 400 MPa to final P of 150, 100, 70 and 30 MPa. The decompression rate (r) ranged from 0.01 to 0.17 MPa/s. The samples were annealed for 0-72 h (annealing time, t(A)) at the final P and quenched rapidly from 1030 degrees C to room temperature (T). The decompression led to the formation of a S-bearing aqueous fluid phase due to the relatively large fluid melt partitioning coefficients of S. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) was used to determine the isotopic composition of the glasses before and after decompression. Mass balance calculations were applied to estimate the gas melt S isotope fractionation factor alpha(g-m).
No detectable effect of r and t(A) on alpha(g-m) was observed. However, SIMS data revealed a remarkable increase of alpha(g-m) from similar to 0.9985 +/- 0.0007 at >QFM+3 to similar to 1.0042 +/- 0.0042 at similar to QFM+1. Noteworthy, the isotopic fractionation at reducing conditions was about an order of magnitude larger than predicted by previous works. Based on our experimental results and on previous findings for S speciation in fluid and silicate melt a new model predicting the effect of fO(2) on alpha(g-m) (or Delta S-34(g-m)) in andesitic systems at 1030 degrees C is proposed. Our experimental results as well as our modeling are of high importance for the interpretation of S isotope signatures in natural samples (e.g., melt inclusions or volcanic gases). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fiege, Adrian; Holtz, Francois; Behrens, Harald; Knipping, Jaayke L.] Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Mineral, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
[Fiege, Adrian; Knipping, Jaayke L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Shimizu, Nobumichi] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Mandeville, Charles W.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Fiege, A (reprint author), Leibniz Univ Hannover, Inst Mineral, Callinstr 3, D-30167 Hannover, Germany.
EM afiege@umich.edu; f.holtz@mineralogie.uni-hannover.de;
nshimizu@whoi.edu; cmandeville@usgs.gov;
h.behrens@mineralogie.uni-hannover.de; jaaykek@umich.edu
RI Facility, NENIMF/B-8811-2015
FU German Science Foundation [BE1720/25-1]; German National Academic
Foundation; U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-0838482, EAR-0838436,
EAR-0838328]
FX This project was supported by the German Science Foundation (BE1720/25-1
to H. Behrens), by the German National Academic Foundation, and by
Collaborative Research Grants from the U.S. National Science Foundation
(EAR-0838482 to C.W. Mandeville, EAR-0838436 to N. Shimizu, and
EAR-0838328 to K.A. Kelley). We acknowledge Don Lindsley, Bruce Watson,
Jay Thomas, Antonio Buono, for assistance with synthesis of S standard
glasses, and Bruce Taylor, Minoru Kusakabe, Shuhei Ono, and Nicole
Keller for assistance with sulfur isotopic analyses of synthesized
glasses. Special thanks go to Alain Burgisser for providing the
DCompress model and to O. Dietrich for samples preparation. We
acknowledge the Synchroton Light Source ANKA for provision of
instruments at their beamlines and we would like to thank J. Gottlicher
and R. Steininger for assistance in using beamline SUL-X. We are
grateful for the constructive reviews and helpful suggestions of the
J.C.M. De Hoog, N. Metrich, T. Sisson, J.B. Lowenstern and an anonymous
reviewer as well as for the editorial work of P. King.
NR 77
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 23
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 142
BP 501
EP 521
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2014.07.015
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ2NB
UT WOS:000342622400032
ER
PT J
AU Batista, FC
Ravelo, AC
Crusius, J
Casso, MA
McCarthy, MD
AF Batista, Fabian C.
Ravelo, A. Christina
Crusius, John
Casso, Michael A.
McCarthy, Matthew D.
TI Compound specific amino acid delta N-15 in marine sediments: A new
approach for studies of the marine nitrogen cycle
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
ID SANTA-BARBARA BASIN; CALIFORNIA CURRENT SYSTEM; DISSOLVED
ORGANIC-MATTER; PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL GYRE; AQUATIC FOOD-WEB; ISOTOPIC
COMPOSITION; NORTH PACIFIC; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SINKING PARTICLES;
TROPHIC POSITION
AB The nitrogen (N) isotopic composition (delta N-15) of bulk sedimentary N (delta N-15(bulk)) is a common tool for studying past biogeochemical cycling in the paleoceanographic record. Empirical evidence suggests that natural fluctuations in the.515N of surface nutrient N are reflected in the delta N-15 of exported planktonic biomass and in sedimentary delta N-15(bulk) However, delta N-15(bulk) is an analysis of total combustible sedimentary N, and therefore also includes mixtures of N sources and/or selective removal or preservation of N-containing compounds. Compound-specific nitrogen isotope analyses of individual amino acids (delta N-15(AA)) are novel measurements with the potential to decouple delta N-15 changes in nutrient N from trophic effects, two main processes that can influence delta N-15(bulk) records. As a proof of concept study to examine how delta N-15(AA) can be applied in marine sedimentary systems, we compare the delta N-15(AA) signatures of surface and sinking POM sources with shallow surface sediments from the Santa Barbara Basin, a sub-oxic depositional environmental that exhibits excellent preservation of sedimentary organic matter. Our results demonstrate that delta N-15(AA) signatures of both planktonic biomass and sinking POM are well preserved in such surface sediments. However, we also observed an unexpected inverse correlation between.515N value of phenylalanine (delta N-15(AA)); the best AA proxy for N isotopic value at the base of the food web) and calculated trophic position. We used a simple N isotope mass balance model to confirm that over long time scales, delta N-15(AA) values should in fact be directly dependent on shifts in ecosystem trophic position. While this result may appear incongruent with current applications of delta N-15(AA) in food webs, it is consistent with expectations that paleoarchives will integrate N dynamics over much longer timescales. We therefore propose that for paleoceanographic applications, key delta N-15(AA) parameters are ecosystem trophic position, which determines relative partitioning of N-15 into source AA versus trophic AA pools, and the integrated delta N-15(AA) of all common protein AA (delta N-15(AA)), which serves as a proxy for the delta N-15 of nutrient N. Together, we suggest that these can provide a coupled picture of regime shifts in planktonic ecosystem structure, delta N-15 at the base of food webs, and possibly additional information about nutrient dynamics. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Batista, Fabian C.; Ravelo, A. Christina; McCarthy, Matthew D.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Crusius, John] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Casso, Michael A.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Batista, FC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci Dept, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM fbatista@ucsc.edu; mccarthy@pmc.ucsc.edu
FU UC Regents Fellowship; NSF [OCE-1131816]
FX This work was partially supported by a UC Regents Fellowship awarded to
Fabian Batista. The majority of the analyses were supported by NSF
OCE-1131816 awarded to Matthew D. McCarthy. We acknowledge Bob Thunell
for kindly providing sediment trap samples, Heather Ford and Jon
LaRiviere for collecting plankton tow and multicore samples, and Alexis
Kersey for preparation of samples for bulk isotope analysis. Lastly, we
are thankful to the anonymous reviewers of this manuscript, who provided
many useful comments that greatly improved the presentation and
discussion of this work.
NR 78
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 8
U2 59
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 142
BP 553
EP 569
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2014.08.002
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AQ2NB
UT WOS:000342622400035
ER
PT J
AU Fahrenfeld, N
Cozzarelli, IM
Bailey, Z
Pruden, A
AF Fahrenfeld, Nicole
Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.
Bailey, Zach
Pruden, Amy
TI Insights into Biodegradation Through Depth-Resolved Microbial Community
Functional and Structural Profiling of a Crude-Oil Contaminant Plume
SO MICROBIAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES; GRAVEL AQUIFER; SHALLOW SAND; SPILL SITE;
POPULATIONS; QUANTIFICATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; PROGRESSION; BACTERIA; GENOME
AB Small-scale geochemical gradients are a key feature of aquifer contaminant plumes, highlighting the need for functional and structural profiling of corresponding microbial communities on a similar scale. The purpose of this study was to characterize the microbial functional and structural diversity with depth across representative redox zones of a hydrocarbon plume and an adjacent wetland, at the Bemidji Oil Spill site. A combination of quantitative PCR, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, and pyrosequencing were applied to vertically sampled sediment cores. Levels of the methanogenic marker gene, methyl coenzyme-M reductase A (mcrA), increased with depth near the oil body center, but were variable with depth further downgradient. Benzoate degradation N (bzdN) hydrocarbon-degradation gene, common to facultatively anaerobic Azoarcus spp., was found at all locations, but was highest near the oil body center. Microbial community structural differences were observed across sediment cores, and bacterial classes containing known hydrocarbon degraders were found to be low in relative abundance. Depth-resolved functional and structural profiling revealed the strongest gradients in the iron-reducing zone, displaying the greatest variability with depth. This study provides important insight into biogeochemical characteristics in different regions of contaminant plumes, which will aid in improving models of contaminant fate and natural attenuation rates.
C1 [Fahrenfeld, Nicole] Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Bailey, Zach; Pruden, Amy] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA.
RP Fahrenfeld, N (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, 96 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
EM nfahrenf@rutgers.edu
OI Cozzarelli, Isabelle/0000-0002-5123-1007
FU Virginia Tech Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Science; NSF
[1062860]; USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; USGS National
Research Program
FX This work was funded by the Virginia Tech Institute for Critical
Technology and Applied Science and the NSF Research Experience for
Undergraduates site award 1062860. This research was also supported by
the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program and the USGS National
Research Program. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or
recommendations expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and
do not necessarily reflect the views of Virginia Tech or the NSF.
Helpful review comments were provided by Denise Akob and Barbara Bekins,
analytical support was provided by Jeanne Jaeschke, and GIS support
provided by Melinda Erickson. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 26
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 55
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0095-3628
EI 1432-184X
J9 MICROB ECOL
JI Microb. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 68
IS 3
BP 453
EP 462
DI 10.1007/s00248-014-0421-6
PG 10
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Microbiology
GA AP6RC
UT WOS:000342204100003
PM 24760171
ER
PT J
AU Geist, EL
ten Brink, US
Gove, M
AF Geist, Eric L.
ten Brink, Uri S.
Gove, Matthew
TI A framework for the probabilistic analysis of meteotsunamis
SO NATURAL HAZARDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Meteotsunami; Probabilistic analysis; Squall line; Derecho;
Shallow-water wave; Linear long wave
ID RESPONSE FUNCTION-APPROACH; ADRIATIC COASTAL WATERS; LONG BAROTROPIC
WAVES; METEOROLOGICAL TSUNAMIS; KURIL ISLANDS; DAYTONA-BEACH;
SHALLOW-WATER; OCEAN WAVES; SQUALL-LINE; EDGE WAVES
AB A probabilistic technique is developed to assess the hazard from meteotsunamis. Meteotsunamis are unusual sea-level events, generated when the speed of an atmospheric pressure or wind disturbance is comparable to the phase speed of long waves in the ocean. A general aggregation equation is proposed for the probabilistic analysis, based on previous frameworks established for both tsunamis and storm surges, incorporating different sources and source parameters of meteotsunamis. Parameterization of atmospheric disturbances and numerical modeling is performed for the computation of maximum meteotsunami wave amplitudes near the coast. A historical record of pressure disturbances is used to establish a continuous analytic distribution of each parameter as well as the overall Poisson rate of occurrence. A demonstration study is presented for the northeast U.S. in which only isolated atmospheric pressure disturbances from squall lines and derechos are considered. For this study, Automated Surface Observing System stations are used to determine the historical parameters of squall lines from 2000 to 2013. The probabilistic equations are implemented using a Monte Carlo scheme, where a synthetic catalog of squall lines is compiled by sampling the parameter distributions. For each entry in the catalog, ocean wave amplitudes are computed using a numerical hydrodynamic model. Aggregation of the results from the Monte Carlo scheme results in a meteotsunami hazard curve that plots the annualized rate of exceedance with respect to maximum event amplitude for a particular location along the coast. Results from using multiple synthetic catalogs, resampled from the parent parameter distributions, yield mean and quantile hazard curves. Further refinements and improvements for probabilistic analysis of meteotsunamis are discussed.
C1 [Geist, Eric L.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[ten Brink, Uri S.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM egeist@usgs.gov; utenbrink@usgs.gov
RI ten Brink, Uri/A-1258-2008
OI ten Brink, Uri/0000-0001-6858-3001
NR 52
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0921-030X
EI 1573-0840
J9 NAT HAZARDS
JI Nat. Hazards
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 74
IS 1
BP 123
EP 142
DI 10.1007/s11069-014-1294-1
PG 20
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA AP9TU
UT WOS:000342423700007
ER
PT J
AU Wann, GT
Aldridge, CL
Braun, CE
AF Wann, Gregory T.
Aldridge, Cameron L.
Braun, Clait E.
TI Estimates of annual survival, growth, and recruitment of a white-tailed
ptarmigan population in Colorado over 43 years
SO POPULATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alpine; Colorado; Demography; Lagopus leucura; Weather
ID NORTH-ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; MOUNTAIN-NATIONAL-PARK; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
WILLOW PTARMIGAN; ROCK PTARMIGAN; WINTERING POPULATION; HUNTING
MORTALITY; MIGRATORY BIRD; BODY-WEIGHT; RED GROUSE
AB Long-term datasets for high-elevation species are rare, and considerable uncertainty exists in understanding how high-elevation populations have responded to recent climate warming. We present estimates of demographic vital rates from a 43-year population study of white-tailed ptarmigan (Lagopus leucura), a species endemic to alpine habitats in western North America. We used capture-recapture models to estimate annual rates of apparent survival, population growth, and recruitment for breeding-age ptarmigan, and we fit winter weather covariates to models in an attempt to explain annual variation. There were no trends in survival over the study period but there was strong support for age and sex effects. The average rate of annual growth suggests a relatively stable breeding-age population ( = 1.036), but there was considerable variation between years for both population growth and recruitment rates. Winter weather covariates only explained a small amount of variation in female survival and were not an important predictor of male survival. Cumulative winter precipitation was found to have a quadratic effect on female survival, with survival being highest during years of average precipitation. Cumulative winter precipitation was positively correlated with population growth and recruitment rates, although this covariate only explained a small amount of annual variation in these rates and there was considerable uncertainty among the models tested. Our results provide evidence for an alpine-endemic population that has not experienced extirpation or drastic declines. However, more information is needed to understand risks and vulnerabilities of warming effects on juveniles as our analysis was confined to determination of vital rates for breeding-age birds.
C1 [Wann, Gregory T.; Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Dept Ecosyst Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Braun, Clait E.] Grouse Inc, Tucson, AZ 85750 USA.
RP Wann, GT (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, 1231 East Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM greg.wann@colostate.edu
RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011
FU Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife; U.S. Geological Survey and
Grouse Inc.; Colorado State University; Rocky Mountain Nature
Association's Bailey Fellowship
FX Long-term research studies require sustained financial and
administrative support. We thank Glenn E. Rogers and Wayne W. Sandfort
of the then Colorado Division of Game, Fish and Parks (now Colorado
Division of Parks and Wildlife) for administrative and financial support
over long periods. Support from the National Science Foundation was
instrumental during two important periods. We also thank the U.S.
Geological Survey and Grouse Inc. for financial support for portions of
this project. Several graduate students and field technicians
participated in data collection at times as did Kathy Martin as an
invited researcher during a portion of this project's tenure. Graduate
support for GTW was provided by the Research and Scholarly Excellence
Fellowship through Colorado State University and the Rocky Mountain
Nature Association's Bailey Fellowship. Mike Monahan and the University
of Denver provided logistical support for many years of the project.
Larissa Bailey and Paul Doherty provided valuable suggestions using
Program MARK. Weather data were provided by the National Science
Foundation supported Niwot Ridge Long-Term Ecological Research project
and the University of Colorado Mountain Research Station. The content of
this manuscript was greatly improved by suggestions from two anonymous
reviewers.
NR 87
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 56
PU SPRINGER JAPAN KK
PI TOKYO
PA CHIYODA FIRST BLDG EAST, 3-8-1 NISHI-KANDA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 101-0065,
JAPAN
SN 1438-3896
EI 1438-390X
J9 POPUL ECOL
JI Popul. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 56
IS 4
BP 555
EP 567
DI 10.1007/s10144-014-0452-3
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP9WZ
UT WOS:000342433500001
ER
PT J
AU Baker, BH
Martinovic-Weigelt, D
Ferrey, M
Barber, LB
Writer, JH
Rosenberry, DO
Kiesling, RL
Lundy, JR
Schoenfuss, HL
AF Baker, Beth H.
Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma
Ferrey, Mark
Barber, Larry B.
Writer, Jeffery H.
Rosenberry, Donald O.
Kiesling, Richard L.
Lundy, James R.
Schoenfuss, Heiko L.
TI Identifying Non-point Sources of Endocrine Active Compounds and Their
Biological Impacts in Freshwater Lakes
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WASTE-WATER; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; GENE-EXPRESSION; FATHEAD MINNOWS;
DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; SYNTHETIC ESTROGEN; SITE
FIDELITY; IN-VITRO; FISH
AB Contaminants of emerging concern, particularly endocrine active compounds (EACs), have been identified as a threat to aquatic wildlife. However, little is known about the impact of EACs on lakes through groundwater from onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS). This study aims to identify specific contributions of OWTS to Sullivan Lake, Minnesota, USA. Lake hydrology, water chemistry, caged bluegill sunfish (Lepomis macrochirus), and larval fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) exposures were used to assess whether EACs entered the lake through OWTS inflow and the resultant biological impact on fish. Study areas included two OWTS-influenced near-shore sites with native bluegill spawning habitats and two in-lake control sites without nearby EAC sources. Caged bluegill sunfish were analyzed for plasma vitellogenin concentrations, organosomatic indices, and histological pathologies. Surface and porewater was collected from each site and analyzed for EACs. Porewater was also collected for laboratory exposure of larval fathead minnow, before analysis of predator escape performance and gene expression profiles. Chemical analysis showed EACs present at low concentrations at each study site, whereas discrete variations were reported between sites and between summer and fall samplings. Body condition index and liver vacuolization of sunfish were found to differ among study sites as did gene expression in exposed larval fathead minnows. Interestingly, biological exposure data and water chemistry did not match. Therefore, although results highlight the potential impacts of seepage from OWTS, further investigation of mixture effects and life history factor as well as chemical fate is warranted.
C1 [Baker, Beth H.; Schoenfuss, Heiko L.] St Cloud State Univ, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
[Baker, Beth H.] Mississippi State Univ, Water Qual Lab, Starkville, MS 39762 USA.
[Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma] Univ St Thomas, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.
[Ferrey, Mark] Minnesota Pollut Control Agcy, St Paul, MN 55155 USA.
[Barber, Larry B.; Writer, Jeffery H.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Rosenberry, Donald O.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Kiesling, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
[Lundy, James R.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA.
RP Baker, BH (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Water Qual Lab, Thompson Hall 253, Starkville, MS 39762 USA.
EM bpoganski@cfr.msstate.edu
OI WRITER, JEFFREY/0000-0002-8585-8166; Martinovic-Weigelt,
Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965; Rosenberry, Donald/0000-0003-0681-5641
FU State of Minnesota; St. Cloud State University Denise M. McGuire student
research award
FX We are grateful to homeowners along the shore of Sullivan Lake who
provided us with access to near-shore environments and information about
onsite OWT systems. Students at St. Cloud State University and the
University of St. Thomas assisted in sampling events. This study was
supported by funding from the State of Minnesota and a St. Cloud State
University Denise M. McGuire student research award to B. H. B. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 35
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 3
BP 374
EP 388
DI 10.1007/s00244-014-0052-4
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AP1JV
UT WOS:000341826300006
PM 24974177
ER
PT J
AU O'Leary, SJ
Dunton, KJ
King, TL
Frisk, MG
Chapman, DD
AF O'Leary, Shannon J.
Dunton, Keith J.
King, Tim L.
Frisk, Michael G.
Chapman, Demian D.
TI Genetic diversity and effective size of Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser
oxyrhinchus oxyrhinchus river spawning populations estimated from the
microsatellite genotypes of marine-captured juveniles
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bottleneck; Effective population size; Mixed-stock analysis;
Individual-based assignment; Microsatellites
ID OXYRINCHUS-OXYRINCHUS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM;
OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS; NATURAL-POPULATION; NORTH-AMERICA; HUDSON
RIVER; NEW-YORK; CONSERVATION; BOTTLENECK
AB Juvenile Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrhinchus oxyrhinchus) forming aggregations at coastal sites in the mid-Atlantic Bight were subjected to a mixed stock analysis (MSA) and individual-based assignment using twelve microsatellite loci. We confirmed earlier findings from an analysis of mitochondrial DNA that three river spawning populations (Hudson, James and Delaware Rivers) are the primary sources of these particular marine aggregations. Of the 460 individuals sampled 322, 36 and 47 were assigned to the Hudson, James and Delaware Rivers, respectively. MSA estimated that the New York Bight Distinct Population Segment (Hudson River and Delaware River) contributed 83-90 % of individuals to the marine aggregations and the Chesapeake (James River) and Southeast Distinct Population Segments contributed 5.5-11 %. Mean M-ratios were lower than expected at equilibrium in all three rivers (Delaware = 0.726, Hudson = 0.748, James = 0.664), indicative of genetic bottlenecks affecting all three spawning populations. Further, there were low but detectable levels of inbreeding in all three rivers populations. Effective population size (Ne) was estimated for three populations: Hudson River (172-230 individuals), James River (40-100 individuals) and Delaware River (75-186 individuals). Despite these issues, simulations based on life-history information and the Ne estimates suggest that if ongoing management measures are effective, contemporary levels of population genetic diversity are likely to be retained over the next century.
C1 [O'Leary, Shannon J.; Dunton, Keith J.; Frisk, Michael G.; Chapman, Demian D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11733 USA.
[King, Tim L.] US Geol Survey, Biol Resources Div, Aquat Ecol Lab, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Chapman, Demian D.] SUNY Stony Brook, Inst Ocean Conservat Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11733 USA.
RP O'Leary, SJ (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11733 USA.
EM soleary@towson.edu
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Protected
Resources Proactive Species Grants Program (NOAA) [NA10NMF4720039]; US
Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grant through the New York
Department of Environmental Conservation (NYDEC); Hudson River
Foundation [55359]
FX Funding for this study was provided by National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Office of Protected Resources Proactive Species Grants
Program (NOAA Award NA10NMF4720039), US Fish and Wildlife Service State
Wildlife Grant through the New York Department of Environmental
Conservation (NYDEC). K. Dunton was also funded under the Hudson River
Foundation Graduate Fellowship Program (award 55359). We thank project
collaborators Kim McKown of the NYDEC and Adrian Jordaan of the
University of Massachusetts Amherst. Additionally, we thank M. Wiggins,
S. Cluett, and rest of R. V. Seawolf for assistance in collection of
samples and graduate students Chris Martinez and Josh Zacharias for
assistance in the field.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 5
BP 1173
EP 1181
DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0609-9
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AP6GD
UT WOS:000342174700015
ER
PT J
AU Lounsberry, ZT
Almeida, JB
Lanctot, RB
Liebezeit, JR
Sandercock, BK
Strum, KM
Zack, S
Wisely, SM
AF Lounsberry, Zachary T.
Almeida, Juliana B.
Lanctot, Richard B.
Liebezeit, Joseph R.
Sandercock, Brett K.
Strum, Khara M.
Zack, Steve
Wisely, Samantha M.
TI Museum collections reveal that Buff-breasted Sandpipers (Calidris
subruficollis) maintained mtDNA variability despite large population
declines during the past 135 years
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Effective population size; Historic DNA; mtDNA; Shorebird; Wader
ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; ANCIENT DNA; TRYNGITES-SUBRUFICOLLIS; MIGRATORY
SHOREBIRDS; CONTROL REGION; COASTAL-PLAIN; EXTINCTION; SOFTWARE;
CONSERVATION; BOTTLENECK
AB A principal goal of conservation efforts for threatened and endangered taxa is maintenance of genetic diversity. Modern and historic processes that limit population size can contribute to a loss of genetic variation that can reduce future adaptability of a species. Buff-breasted Sandpipers (Calidris subruficollis) are a Neotropical migratory shorebird that experienced rapid, large-scale declines in population numbers (population bottleneck) due to intensive market hunting at the turn of the 20th century. Market hunting ended shortly after the passage of the Migratory Bird Treaty Act in 1918, but subsequent population losses have occurred due to continued anthropogenic disturbances throughout the species' migratory range. To assess the impact of population declines on the genetic variation of Buff-breasted Sandpipers, we surveyed two mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers, the control region and cytochrome b, from 209 museum specimens collected between 1874 and 1983 and 460 modern samples collected between 1993 and 2009. Measures of mtDNA variation did not change significantly among individuals sampled before and after the ban on market hunting, nor among four temporal groups (Pre-Act, Early Post-Act, Late Post-Act, and Modern; trend analysis: chi (2) = 0.171, P = 0.679). Similarly, we did not observe loss of common haplotypes, implying that there was no substantial reduction in unique matrilineal units during our 135-year study period. Using Bayesian Skyline reconstruction of temporal changes in effective population size of females (N (ef)), we concluded that N (ef) has been stable for the past century. Results of resampling suggest that diversity estimators can be imprecise and we emphasize the importance of a well-rounded analytical approach to addressing conservation genetic hypotheses. Considering all of the evidence it appears that genetic variation and N (ef) were stable despite the pressures of market hunting early in the 20th century and habitat loss and degradation in the latter half of the 20th century. Conservation efforts should continue to focus on maintaining the population size of Buff-breasted Sandpipers to avoid reaching a threshold where genetic variability is lost.
C1 [Lounsberry, Zachary T.; Sandercock, Brett K.; Strum, Khara M.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Almeida, Juliana B.] Univ Nevada, Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol Program MS 314, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Lanctot, Richard B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Liebezeit, Joseph R.; Zack, Steve] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Pacific West Off, Portland, OR 97205 USA.
[Wisely, Samantha M.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Wisely, SM (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM wisely@ufl.edu
RI Sandercock, Brett/L-1644-2016
OI Sandercock, Brett/0000-0002-9240-0268
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We thank the following people for their assistance with museum sampling
efforts: B. K. Schmidt, Smithsonian Institution; C. Cicero, Museum of
Vertebrate Zoology at University of California; J. Hinshaw, Museum of
Zoology at University of Michigan; J. Trimble, Museum of Comparative
Zoology at Harvard University; D. Easterla, Northwest Missouri State
University; T. Yuri, Sam Noble Museum of Natural History at University
of Oklahoma; J. L. Woods, Museum of Natural History at University of
Delaware; T. Labedz, University of Nebraska and M. Robbins, Natural
History Museum at University of Kansas. For modern samples, we thank the
field crews and project leaders that helped with the major sampling
efforts, specifically A. Leist, S. Kendall, C. T. Bernardo, G. S. Leal,
M. S. Pereira, A. F. Pinto, F. Poershke, U. B. Rasquin and H. A.
Swensen; the ranch owners who allowed us access to their pastures,
especially Sr. Dagoberto, Sr. Jorge, R. Bender and the "Manduca" Machado
family; H. A. Almeida, C. S. Fontana as well as managers and staff of
Parque Nacional da Lagoa do Peixe and Estacao Ecologica do Taim for
logistic support; B. Streever at BP Exploration (Alaska), Inc. for
assisting with field logistics at the Prudhoe Bay site; and S. Fellows
and S. Jones from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for pursuing this
study. H. Barton provided assistance with phylogeographic analyses, and
colleagues in the Conservation Genetics and Molecular Ecology Lab at
Kansas State University provided helpful feedback on earlier drafts of
the manuscript. This project was funded by a grant from the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service (Regions 6 & 7). The findings and conclusions in
this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent
the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 15
IS 5
BP 1197
EP 1208
DI 10.1007/s10592-014-0611-2
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA AP6GD
UT WOS:000342174700017
ER
PT J
AU Karouna-Renier, NK
White, C
Perkins, CR
Schmerfeld, JJ
Yates, D
AF Karouna-Renier, Natalie K.
White, Carl
Perkins, Christopher R.
Schmerfeld, John J.
Yates, David
TI Assessment of mitochondrial DNA damage in little brown bats (Myotis
lucifugus) collected near a mercury-contaminated river
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; DNA damage; Wildlife; Biomarkers; Little brown bats; Myotis
lucifugus
ID ADRENOCORTICAL RESPONSES; EPTESICUS-FUSCUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; COMET
ASSAY; EXPOSURE; MECHANISMS; SELENIUM; REPAIR; FOOD
AB Historical discharges of Hg into the South River near the town of Waynesboro, VA, USA, have resulted in persistently elevated Hg concentrations in sediment, surface water, ground water, soil, and wildlife downstream of the discharge site. In the present study, we examined mercury (Hg) levels in in little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) from this location and assessed the utility of a non-destructively collected tissue sample (wing punch) for determining mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage in Hg exposed bats. Bats captured 1 and 3 km from the South River, exhibited significantly higher levels of total Hg (THg) in blood and fur than those from the reference location. We compared levels of mtDNA damage using real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) analysis of two distinct regions of mtDNA. Genotoxicity is among the many known toxic effects of Hg, resulting from direct interactions with DNA or from oxidative damage. Because it lacks many of the protective protein structures and repair mechanisms associated with nuclear DNA, mtDNA is more sensitive to the effects of genotoxic chemicals and therefore may be a useful biomarker in chronically exposed organisms. Significantly higher levels of damage were observed in both regions of mtDNA in bats captured 3 km from the river than in controls. However, levels of mtDNA damage exhibited weak correlations with fur and blood THg levels, suggesting that other factors may play a role in the site-specific differences.
C1 [Karouna-Renier, Natalie K.; White, Carl] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Perkins, Christopher R.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Environm Sci & Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Schmerfeld, John J.] USFWS, Natl Wildlife Refuge Syst, Arlington, VA 22203 USA.
[Yates, David] BioDivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
RP Karouna-Renier, NK (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM nkarouna@usgs.gov
OI Karouna-Renier, Natalie/0000-0001-7127-033X
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; DuPont (TM); South River Science Team;
U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding and support for this work was provided by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, DuPont (TM), the South River Science Team, and the
U.S. Geological Survey. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We would like to thank the
many biologists that helped obtain samples for this study, Tim Divoll,
Lucas Savoy, Dustin Meatty, Pedro Ardapple, Casey Huck, Patrick Keenan,
Rick Reynolds (VADGF) and all the field technicians who put in countless
hours. We also thank Catherine Maddox and Kelly Hallinger for their
assistance in the laboratory.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 39
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1419
EP 1429
DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1284-9
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AP6TN
UT WOS:000342210700006
PM 25048962
ER
PT J
AU Custer, CM
Custer, TW
Strom, SM
Patnode, KA
Franson, JC
AF Custer, Christine M.
Custer, Thomas W.
Strom, Sean M.
Patnode, Kathleen A.
Franson, J. Christian
TI Changes in polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) exposure in tree swallows
(Tachycineta bicolor) nesting along the Sheboygan River, WI, USA
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Historic changes; Polychlorinated biphenyls; PCBs; Sheboygan River; Tree
swallows; Tachycineta bicolor
ID CONTAMINANT EXPOSURE; HUDSON RIVER; NEW-YORK; WISCONSIN; CONGENERS;
SEDIMENTS; BIRDS; EGGS; DIET
AB Exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in tree swallow (Tachycineta bicolor) eggs on the Sheboygan River, Wisconsin in the 1990s was higher at sites downstream (geometric means = 3.33-8.69 mu g/g wet wt.) of the putative PCB source in Sheboygan Falls, Wisconsin than it was above the source (1.24 mu g/g) with the exposure declining as the distance downstream of the source increased. A similar pattern of declining exposure was present in the 2010s as well. Although exposure to PCBs in eggs along the Sheboygan River at sites downstream of Sheboygan Falls has declined by similar to 60 % since the mid-1990s (8.69 down to 3.27 mu g/g) there still seems to be residual pockets of contamination that are exposing some individuals (similar to 25 %) to PCB contamination, similar to exposure found in the 1990s. The exposure patterns in eggs and nestlings among sites, and the changes between the two decades, are further validated by accumulation rate information.
C1 [Custer, Christine M.; Custer, Thomas W.] US Geol Survey, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Strom, Sean M.] WI Dept Nat Resources, Appleton, WI 54914 USA.
[Patnode, Kathleen A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, State Coll, PA 16801 USA.
[Franson, J. Christian] US Geol Survey, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Custer, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM ccuster@usgs.gov
OI Custer, Thomas/0000-0003-3170-6519
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX The authors declare that we have no conflict of interest. Data were
collected under current laws of the United States of America. The work
in 2010-2012 was funded by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative and
was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee at the Upper Midwest
Environmental Sciences Center.
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1439
EP 1446
DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1286-7
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AP6TN
UT WOS:000342210700008
PM 25056798
ER
PT J
AU Larson, JH
Maki, RP
Knights, BC
Gray, BR
AF Larson, James H.
Maki, Ryan P.
Knights, Brent C.
Gray, Brian R.
TI Can mercury in fish be reduced by water level management? Evaluating the
effects of water level fluctuation on mercury accumulation in yellow
perch (Perca flavescens)
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Water level fluctuations; Fish; Water regulation
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; HYDROELECTRIC RESERVOIRS; LAKES; ECOSYSTEMS;
DEPOSITION; INCREASES
AB Mercury (Hg) contamination of fisheries is a major concern for resource managers of many temperate lakes. Anthropogenic Hg contamination is largely derived from atmospheric deposition within a lake's watershed, but its incorporation into the food web is facilitated by bacterial activity in sediments. Temporal variation in Hg content of fish (young-of-year yellow perch) in the regulated lakes of the Rainy-Namakan complex (on the border of the United States and Canada) has been linked to water level (WL) fluctuations, presumably through variation in sediment inundation. As a result, Hg contamination of fish has been linked to international regulations of WL fluctuation. Here we assess the relationship between WL fluctuations and fish Hg content using a 10-year dataset covering six lakes. Within-year WL rise did not appear in strongly supported models of fish Hg, but year-to-year variation in maximum water levels (a dagger maxWL) was positively associated with fish Hg content. This WL effect varied in magnitude among lakes: In Crane Lake, a 1 m increase in a dagger maxWL from the previous year was associated with a 108 ng increase in fish Hg content (per gram wet weight), while the same WL change in Kabetogama was associated with only a 5 ng increase in fish Hg content. In half the lakes sampled here, effect sizes could not be distinguished from zero. Given the persistent and wide-ranging extent of Hg contamination and the large number of regulated waterways, future research is needed to identify the conditions in which WL fluctuations influence fish Hg content.
C1 [Larson, James H.; Knights, Brent C.; Gray, Brian R.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Maki, Ryan P.] Voyageurs Natl Pk, Int Falls, MN USA.
RP Larson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
EM jhlarson@usgs.gov
OI Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 8
BP 1555
EP 1563
DI 10.1007/s10646-014-1296-5
PG 9
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA AP6TN
UT WOS:000342210700018
PM 25134675
ER
PT J
AU Cole, AJ
Bettoli, PW
AF Cole, A. J.
Bettoli, P. W.
TI Thermal ecology of subadult and adult muskellunge in a thermally
enriched reservoir
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Esox masquinongy; temperature selection; thermal ecology; thermal niche
ID ESOX-MASQUINONGY; JUVENILE MUSKELLUNGE; TEMPERATURE PREFERENCE; SEASONAL
DISTRIBUTION; HABITAT SELECTION; SMALLMOUTH BASS; SURVIVAL; FISH;
METABOLISM; BEHAVIOR
AB The movement of adult muskellunge, Esox masquinongy Mitchill, has been investigated in a variety of systems, but temperature selection by muskellunge has not been examined where well-oxygenated waters were available over a range of temperatures for much of the year. Thirty subadult and adult muskellunge tagged internally with temperature-sensing radio tags were tracked from March 2010 to March 2011 in a Tennessee reservoir. Mean tag temperatures were 18.9 degrees C in spring (March to May), 22.1 degrees C in summer (June to August), 16.5 degrees C in autumn and 9.8 degrees C in winter (December to February). When the greatest range in water temperatures was available (7.1-33.3 degrees C; May to early August 2010), their realised thermal niche (mean +/- 1SD) was 22.3 degrees C +/- 1.8; the realised thermal niche was affected by fish size (smaller fish selected slightly warmer temperatures) but not sex. An electric generating steam plant discharging warm water resumed operation in January 2011, and most (86%) tagged fish occupied the plume where temperatures were approximate to 10 degrees C warmer than ambient water temperatures. No mortalities were observed 15days later when plant operations ceased. Their affinity for the heated plume prompted concerns that muskellunge will be too easily exploited when the plant operates during winter.
C1 [Cole, A. J.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
[Bettoli, P. W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.
RP Cole, AJ (reprint author), Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, 127 South 4th St, Barron, WI 54812 USA.
EM aaron.cole@wisconsin.gov
FU Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA); Center for the Management,
Utilization, and Protection of Water Resources at Tennessee
Technological University; U.S. Geological Survey; TWRA; Tennessee
Technological University
FX Funding and other support for this research were provided by the
Tennessee Wildlife Resources Agency (TWRA) and the Center for the
Management, Utilization, and Protection of Water Resources at Tennessee
Technological University. The Cooperative Fisheries Research Unit is
jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, TWRA and Tennessee
Technological University. We thank TWRA biologists J. Negus and M. Smith
for their valuable contributions to this project. This manuscript
benefitted from comments made on an earlier draft by B. Cook, D. Smith
and M. Quist and several anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 5
BP 410
EP 420
DI 10.1111/fme.12093
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AP6SV
UT WOS:000342208900007
ER
PT J
AU James, DA
Fischer, JL
Laube, JD
Spindler, ME
AF James, D. A.
Fischer, J. L.
Laube, J. D.
Spindler, M. E.
TI An accuracy assessment of ultrasonic transmitter locations determined by
mobile telemetry in aquatic systems
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID HABITAT USE; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; ACOUSTIC TRACKING; MICROHABITAT USE;
PALLID STURGEON; SOUTH-DAKOTA; HOME-RANGE; RIVER; SELECTION; ANIMALS
C1 [James, D. A.; Fischer, J. L.; Laube, J. D.; Spindler, M. E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Great Plains Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Pierre, SD 57501 USA.
RP James, DA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pierre, SD 57501 USA.
EM daniel_james@fws.gov
OI Fischer, Jason/0000-0001-7226-6500
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 21
IS 5
BP 421
EP 425
DI 10.1111/fme.12089
PG 5
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA AP6SV
UT WOS:000342208900008
ER
PT J
AU Lamb, AP
van Wijk, K
Liberty, LM
Mikesell, TD
AF Lamb, Andrew P.
van Wijk, Kasper
Liberty, Lee M.
Mikesell, T. Dylan
TI The spatial cross-correlation method for dispersive surface waves
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Interferometry; Hydrothermal systems; Surface waves and free
oscillations; North America
ID SPECTRAL-ELEMENT METHOD; AMBIENT NOISE; PROPAGATION; 2D
AB Dispersive surface waves are routinely used to estimate the subsurface shear-wave velocity distribution, at all length scales. In the well-known Spatial Autocorrelation method, dispersion information is gained from the correlation of seismic noise signals recorded on the vertical (or radial) components. We demonstrate practical advantages of including the cross-correlation between radial and vertical components of the wavefield in a spatial cross-correlation method. The addition of cross-correlation information increases the resolution and robustness of the phase velocity dispersion information, as demonstrated in numerical simulations and a near-surface field study with active seismic sources, where our method confirms the presence of a fault-zone conduit in a geothermal field.
C1 [Lamb, Andrew P.; Liberty, Lee M.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[van Wijk, Kasper] Univ Auckland, Dept Phys, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Mikesell, T. Dylan] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA USA.
RP Lamb, AP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM andylamb@fastmail.fm
FU Department of Energy [G018195]; National Science Foundation
[EAR-1142154]; NSF
FX All data used in this study are freely available upon request from the
authors. Funding for this research was provided by the Department of
Energy award G018195 and the National Science Foundation award
EAR-1142154. Additional funding for the vibroseis was provided by the
NSF. We would like to thank the local community and land owners for
giving us access to their properties. We also thank Chaffee County, the
SEG Foundation, ION Geophysical, field camp students and other local
stakeholders for their support. The seismic and gravity data were
acquired from 2008 to 2010 as part of the geophysical field camp
attended by students from the Colorado School of Mines, Boise State
University and Imperial College London. Other individuals who
contributed to this work include Mike Batzle, Thomas Blum, Justin Ball,
Seth Haines, Andre Revil, Kyle Richards and Fred Henderson.
NR 30
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 18
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 199
IS 1
BP 1
EP 10
DI 10.1093/gji/ggu237
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AP6VH
UT WOS:000342215600001
ER
PT J
AU Zang, AN
Oye, V
Jousset, P
Deichmann, N
Gritto, R
McGarr, A
Majer, E
Bruhn, D
AF Zang, Arno
Oye, Volker
Jousset, Philippe
Deichmann, Nicholas
Gritto, Roland
McGarr, Art
Majer, Ernest
Bruhn, David
TI Analysis of induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs - An overview
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluid-induced seismicity; Key reservoir parameters; Enhanced geothermal
systems; Larger magnitude events; Maximum observed magnitude; Crustal
stress
ID SOULTZ-SOUS-FORETS; INJECTION-INDUCED SEISMICITY; DEEP DRILLING SITE;
NORTH GERMAN BASIN; 9 KM DEPTH; FLUID-INJECTION; INDUCED EARTHQUAKES;
STIMULATION EXPERIMENTS; INDUCED MICROSEISMICITY; DENVER EARTHQUAKES
AB In this overview we report results of analysing induced seismicity in geothermal reservoirs in various tectonic settings within the framework of the European Geothermal Engineering Integrating Mitigation of Induced Seismicity in Reservoirs (GEISER) project. In the reconnaissance phase of afield, the subsurface fault mapping, in situ stress and the seismic network are of primary interest in order to help assess the geothermal resource. The hypocentres of the observed seismic events (seismic cloud) are dependent on the design of the installed network, the used velocity model and the applied location technique. During the stimulation phase, the attention is turned to reservoir hydraulics (e.g., fluid pressure, injection volume) and its relation to larger magnitude seismic events, their source characteristics and occurrence in space and time. A change in isotropic components of the full waveform moment tensor is observed for events close to the injection well (tensile character) as compared to events further away from the injection well (shear character). Tensile events coincide with high Gutenberg-Richter b-values and low Brune stress drop values. The stress regime in the reservoir controls the direction of the fracture growth at depth, as indicated by the extent of the seismic cloud detected. Stress magnitudes are important in multiple stimulation of wells, where little or no seismicity is observed until the previous maximum stress level is exceeded (Kaiser Effect). Prior to drilling, obtaining a 3D P-wave (Vp) and S-wave velocity (Vs) model down to reservoir depth is recommended. In the stimulation phase, we recommend to monitor and to locate seismicity with high precision (decametre) in real-time and to perform local 4D tomography for velocity ratio (Vp/Vs). During exploitation, one should use observed and model induced seismicity to forward estimate seismic hazard so that field operators are in a position to adjust well hydraulics (rate and volume of the fluid injected) when induced events start to occur far away from the boundary of the seismic cloud. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zang, Arno] German Res Ctr Geosci GFZ, Sect Seism Hazard & Stress Field 2 6, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Oye, Volker] NORSAR, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Jousset, Philippe; Bruhn, David] GFZ, Int Ctr Geothermal Res, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Deichmann, Nicholas] ETH, Swiss Seismol Serv, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Gritto, Roland] Array Informat Technol, Berkeley, CA 94709 USA.
[McGarr, Art] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Majer, Ernest] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Zang, AN (reprint author), German Res Ctr Geosci GFZ, Sect Seism Hazard & Stress Field 2 6, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
EM zang@gfz-potsdam.de
FU European Union [241321-2]
FX This work was supported by the European Union funded project GEISER
(Geothermal Engineering Integrating Mitigation of Induced Seismicity in
Reservoirs, Grant no.: 241321-2). We acknowledge the permission of
Stefan Baisch (Q-con Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, Bad Bergzabern,
Germany) to use field data from the Basel SERIANEX study. We thank
Corinne Bachmann and Julie Albaric for providing one figure from Basel
and Paralana site stimulation, respectively.
NR 142
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 4
U2 55
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
EI 1879-3576
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 52
SI SI
BP 6
EP 21
DI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.06.005
PG 16
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AO9LN
UT WOS:000341677300002
ER
PT J
AU Creed, IF
Spargo, AT
Jones, JA
Buttle, JM
Adams, MB
Beall, FD
Booth, EG
Campbell, JL
Clow, D
Elder, K
Green, MB
Grimm, NB
Miniat, C
Ramlal, P
Saha, A
Sebestyen, S
Spittlehouse, D
Sterling, S
Williams, MW
Winkler, R
Yao, HX
AF Creed, Irena F.
Spargo, Adam T.
Jones, Julia A.
Buttle, Jim M.
Adams, Mary B.
Beall, Fred D.
Booth, Eric G.
Campbell, John L.
Clow, Dave
Elder, Kelly
Green, Mark B.
Grimm, Nancy B.
Miniat, Chelcy
Ramlal, Patricia
Saha, Amartya
Sebestyen, Stephen
Spittlehouse, Dave
Sterling, Shannon
Williams, Mark W.
Winkler, Rita
Yao, Huaxia
TI Changing forest water yields in response to climate warming: results
from long-term experimental watershed sites across North America
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Budyko curve; catchments; climate change; elasticity;
evapotranspiration; forest; precipitation; resilience; water yield
ID UNITED-STATES; CANOPY TRANSPIRATION; STOMATAL CONDUCTANCE; RESILIENCE;
CATCHMENT; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; VEGETATION; BALANCE; SEASONALITY;
STREAMFLOW
AB Climate warming is projected to affect forest water yields but the effects are expected to vary. We investigated how forest type and age affect water yield resilience to climate warming. To answer this question, we examined the variability in historical water yields at long-term experimental catchments across Canada and the United States over 5-year cool and warm periods. Using the theoretical framework of the Budyko curve, we calculated the effects of climate warming on the annual partitioning of precipitation (P) into evapotranspiration (ET) and water yield. Deviation (d) was defined as a catchment's change in actual ET divided by P [AET/P; evaporative index (EI)] coincident with a shift from a cool to a warm period - a positive d indicates an upward shift in EI and smaller than expected water yields, and a negative d indicates a downward shift in EI and larger than expected water yields. Elasticity was defined as the ratio of interannual variation in potential ET divided by P (PET/P; dryness index) to interannual variation in the EI - high elasticity indicates low d despite large range in drying index (i.e., resilient water yields), low elasticity indicates high d despite small range in drying index (i.e., nonresilient water yields). Although the data needed to fully evaluate ecosystems based on these metrics are limited, we were able to identify some characteristics of response among forest types. Alpine sites showed the greatest sensitivity to climate warming with any warming leading to increased water yields. Conifer forests included catchments with lowest elasticity and stable to larger water yields. Deciduous forests included catchments with intermediate elasticity and stable to smaller water yields. Mixed coniferous/deciduous forests included catchments with highest elasticity and stable water yields. Forest type appeared to influence the resilience of catchment water yields to climate warming, with conifer and deciduous catchments more susceptible to climate warming than the more diverse mixed forest catchments.
C1 [Creed, Irena F.; Spargo, Adam T.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
[Jones, Julia A.] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Dept Geog, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Buttle, Jim M.] Trent Univ, Dept Geog, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.
[Adams, Mary B.] US Forest Serv, USDA, NRS, Parsons, WV 26287 USA.
[Beall, Fred D.] Nat Resources Canada, Great Lakes Forestry Ctr, Canadian Forest Serv, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
[Booth, Eric G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53726 USA.
[Campbell, John L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Clow, Dave] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, MS Denver Fed Ctr 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Elder, Kelly] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Green, Mark B.] Plymouth State Univ, Ctr Environm, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA.
[Grimm, Nancy B.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Miniat, Chelcy] US Forest Serv, Coweeta Hydrol Lab, Southern Res Stn, USDA, Otto, NC 28763 USA.
[Ramlal, Patricia] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Inst Freshwater, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
[Saha, Amartya] Florida Int Univ, Global Water Sustainabil Program, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Sebestyen, Stephen] US Forest Serv, Ctr Res Ecosyst Change, USDA, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA.
[Spittlehouse, Dave] BC Minist Forests, Victoria, BC V8W 9C2, Canada.
[Sterling, Shannon] Dalhousie Univ, Dept Earth Sci & Environm Sci, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada.
[Williams, Mark W.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Winkler, Rita] BC Minist Forests, Kamloops, BC V2C 2T3, Canada.
[Yao, Huaxia] Ontario Minist Environm, Dorset Environm Sci Ctr, Dorset, ON P0A 1E0, Canada.
RP Creed, IF (reprint author), Univ Western Ontario, Dept Biol, 1151 Richmond St, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada.
EM icreed@uwo.ca
RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013; Grimm, Nancy/D-2840-2009;
OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108; Grimm,
Nancy/0000-0001-9374-660X; Miniat, Chelcy/0000-0002-3266-9783; Green,
Mark/0000-0002-7415-7209; Campbell, John/0000-0003-4956-1696; Clow,
David/0000-0001-6183-4824
FU University of Western Ontario International Research Award; NSERC
Discovery Grant; Canadian Network of Aquatic Ecosystem Services NSERC
Strategic Network Grant; US National Science Foundation; Long Term
Ecological Research Network
FX We thank the University of Western Ontario International Research Award,
NSERC Discovery Grant, and Canadian Network of Aquatic Ecosystem
Services NSERC Strategic Network Grant for grants to IFC; the Network of
Centres of Excellence Sustainable Forest Management for support that led
to the creation of the HELP database for Canadian catchments; and the
Long Term Ecological Research Network, US Forest Service, and US
Geological Survey for access to the databases for US catchments. We also
thank the US National Science Foundation and Long Term Ecological
Research Network for support of the workshops that led to this
collaboration. We gratefully acknowledge Robin Pike for insights about
Carnation and Jennifer Knoepp for insights about Coweeta.
NR 52
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 17
U2 75
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 20
IS 10
BP 3191
EP 3208
DI 10.1111/gcb.12615
PG 18
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP6DU
UT WOS:000342168500016
PM 24757012
ER
PT J
AU Alvaro, JJ
Benziane, F
Thomas, R
Walsh, GJ
Yazidi, A
AF Javier Alvaro, J.
Benziane, Fouad
Thomas, Robert
Walsh, Gregory J.
Yazidi, Abdelaziz
TI Neoproterozoic-Cambrian stratigraphic framework of the Anti-Atlas and
Ouzellagh promontory (High Atlas), Morocco
SO JOURNAL OF AFRICAN EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE West African Craton; Pan-African orogeny; Diamictite; Atlas Rift;
Gondwana
ID WEST-AFRICAN CRATON; U-PB BADDELEYITE; GEOCHRONOLOGICAL CONSTRAINTS;
LITHOSTRATIGRAPHIC FRAMEWORK; CARBONATE PRODUCTIVITY; MEDITERRANEAN
REGION; RIFT TRANSITION; GONDWANA MARGIN; BOUNDARY BEDS; MOUNTAINS
AB In the last two decades, great progress has been made in the geochronological, chrono- and chemostratigraphic control of the Neoproterozoic and Cambrian from the Anti-Atlas Ranges and the Ouzellagh promontory (High Atlas). As a result, the Neoproterozoic is lithostratigraphically subdivided into: (i) the Lkest-Taghdout Group (broadly interpreted at c. 800-690 Ma) representative of rift-to-passive margin conditions on the northern West African craton; (ii) the Iriri (c. 760-740 Ma), Bou Azzer (c. 762-697 Ma) and Saghro (c. 760?-610 Ma) groups, the overlying Anezi, Bou Salda, Dades and Tiddiline formations localized in fault-grabens, and the Ouarzazate Supergroup (c. 615-548 Ma), which form a succession of volcanosedimentary complexes recording the onset of the Pan-African orogeny and its aftermath; and (iii) the Taroudant (the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary lying in the Tifnout Member of the Adoudou Formation), Tata, Feijas Internes and Tabanite groups that have recorded development of the late Ediacaran-Cambrian Atlas Rift. Recent discussions of Moroccan strata to select new global GSSPs by the International Subcommissions on Ediacaran and Cambrian Stratigraphy have raised the stratigraphic interest in this region. A revised and updated stratigraphic framework is proposed here to assist the tasks of both subcommissions and to fuel future discussions focused on different geological aspects of the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian time span. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Javier Alvaro, J.] CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, Torrejon De Ardoz 28850, Spain.
[Benziane, Fouad] Ecole Natl Ind Minerale, Dept Sci Terre, Rabat, Morocco.
[Thomas, Robert; Yazidi, Abdelaziz] Council Geosci, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa.
[Walsh, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT 05601 USA.
RP Alvaro, JJ (reprint author), CSIC INTA, Ctr Astrobiol, Ctra Torrejon Ajalvir Km 4, Torrejon De Ardoz 28850, Spain.
EM alvarobjj@cab.inta-csic.es; fouadbenziane@yahoo.fr;
bthomas@geoscience.org.za; gwalsh@usgs.gov; yazidiabdelaziz@yahoo.fr
FU Spanish MINECO [CGL2010-19491]; "Ministere de l'Energie, des Mines, de
l'Eau et de l'Environnment, Direction du Developpement Minier, Division
du Patrimoine Geologique", Rabat, Morocco under the Plan National de
Cartographie Geologique (PNCG)
FX The authors thank the kind revision made by P. Eriksson (editor), two
anonymous reviewers and John Repetski (USGS). Field work for this
synthesis (JJA) was done under project CGL2010-19491 from Spanish MINECO
and EU-FEDER. Research synthesized in Thomas et al. (2002, 2004) and
Walsh et al. (2002, 2012) was supported by the "Ministere de l'Energie,
des Mines, de l'Eau et de l'Environnment, Direction du Developpement
Minier, Division du Patrimoine Geologique", Rabat, Morocco under the
Plan National de Cartographie Geologique (PNCG).
NR 151
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 8
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1464-343X
EI 1879-1956
J9 J AFR EARTH SCI
JI J. Afr. Earth Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 98
SI SI
BP 19
EP 33
DI 10.1016/j.jafrearsci.2014.04.026
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AP2LM
UT WOS:000341903700004
ER
PT J
AU Kazyak, D
Letcher, BH
Zydlewski, J
O'Donnell, MJ
AF Kazyak, David
Letcher, Benjamin H.
Zydlewski, Joseph
O'Donnell, Matthew J.
TI Growth variability of brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in coastal
maine
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE brook charr; brook trout; individual growth; growth variation; PIT tags
ID WATER TEMPERATURE; TROUT GROWTH; ATLANTIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; HABITAT
USE; SIZE; POPULATION; RIVER; SURVIVAL; STREAMS
AB Brook charr inhabit a wide variety of habitats and exhibit considerable growth variation within and among populations. We used biannual mark-recapture electrofishing surveys and PIT tags at two streams in coastal Maine to examine spatial and temporal variability in brook charr growth. We documented considerable stream-to-stream and year-to-year variation in the growth of coastal brook charr. Based on 2892 recaptures between 2006 and 2010, we developed a suite of linear mixed models to examine variation in individual growth rates at Stanley Brook as a function of environmental variables. We distilled physical habitat data from surveys in 2010 into principle components for entry into the growth model. Growth was related primarily to an interaction between season and body length, mean water temperature, and instream location. Growth rates were highest in the summer, and smaller individuals grew more rapidly than larger conspecifics in the same stream. Individuals using habitats closer to the head of tide grew faster than those in upstream locations. Physical habitat variation was not an important control of individual growth variation within Stanley Brook. We suggest local variability in growth rates should be considered when developing management strategies for coastal populations.
C1 [Kazyak, David] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Ecol, Orono, ME USA.
[Kazyak, David] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
[Letcher, Benjamin H.; O'Donnell, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME USA.
RP Kazyak, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, 301 Braddock Rd, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
EM dkazyak@umces.edu
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 32
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
BP 516
EP 526
DI 10.1111/eff.12105
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AP1GH
UT WOS:000341815400004
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, DP
Rieman, BE
Horan, DL
Young, MK
AF Peterson, Douglas P.
Rieman, Bruce E.
Horan, Dona L.
Young, Michael K.
TI Patch size but not short-term isolation influences occurrence of
westslope cutthroat trout above human-made barriers
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE Cutthroat trout; isolation; occurrence; patch size; persistence; habitat
quality
ID ISOLATED SALMONID POPULATIONS; ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKII-LEWISI;
STREAM-DWELLING CHARR; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; BULL TROUT; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROOK TROUT; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION;
HEADWATER STREAMS
AB Habitat fragmentation in aquatic systems has led to widespread isolation of stream fishes. Metapopulation theory predicts that persistence is directly related to local patch size and its characteristics, but because these relationships tend to be taxon-specific, empirical data are important. We assembled 246 observations of occurrence of westslope cutthroat trout (WCT), a taxon of concern in the western U. S. and Canada, in stream networks isolated for up to 100 years (median 40 years) above human-made barriers, mostly culverts, at road crossings within U. S. National Forests. We used logistic regression to analyse how WCT occurrence varied with patch size, isolation time and stream-level covariates. Occurrence was positively related to stream length and habitat quality within the isolated stream network and negatively related to elevation and channel gradient. Unexpectedly, the probability of occurrence was not related to how long a habitat patch had been isolated. At the median elevation (1354 m) and channel gradient (14%), and where habitat quality was poor, WCT were likely to occur (probability >0.5) if an isolated stream network was at least 1.7 km. If habitat quality was high, about 0.2 km of habitat produced the same probability. Although there are important limitations, this analysis provides the first empirical estimate for how patch size and patch-level characteristics influence persistence of WCT in isolated stream networks.
C1 [Peterson, Douglas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Rieman, Bruce E.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Seeley Lake, MT USA.
[Horan, Dona L.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Boise, ID USA.
[Young, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT USA.
RP Peterson, DP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
EM doug_peterson@fws.gov
FU U.S. Forest Service [06-IA-11221659-097]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service's Abernathy Fish Technology Center
FX J. Gordon, S. Wenger and three anonymous reviewers provided helpful
comments that improved the manuscript. D. Peterson was supported by the
U.S. Forest Service (Agreement 06-IA-11221659-097) and the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service's Abernathy Fish Technology Center. M. Enk, L. Hawdon,
M. Davis, M. Jakober, B. Riggers, S. Gerdes, D. Downing, B. Roberts, J.
Mickelson, J. Brammer, R. Brassfield, S. Barndt, B. Gardner, P. Van
Eimeren, C. McKenna, P. Murphy, L. Walch, D. Mays, M. Fairchild, S.
Dekome, R. Lindahl, C. Baconrind, E. Lider, S. Spaulding and S.
Hendrickson of the U. S. Forest Service provided data on fish
distributions and barrier installation dates. K. Nixon, Z. Betz, M.
Novak, E. Kee, D. Schoen and D. Brewer helped with fieldwork. V. O'Byrne
produced the map for Fig. 1. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service or U. S. Forest Service.
NR 88
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 31
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
BP 556
EP 571
DI 10.1111/eff.12108
PG 16
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AP1GH
UT WOS:000341815400007
ER
PT J
AU Bunnell, DB
Mychek-Londer, JG
Madenjian, CP
AF Bunnell, David B.
Mychek-Londer, Justin G.
Madenjian, Charles P.
TI Population-level effects of egg predation on a native planktivore in a
large freshwater lake
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE recruitment; lake trout; ecosystem management; deepwater cisco; Great
Lakes
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; EARLY-LIFE STAGES; COREGONUS-HOYI;
BYTHOTREPHES-LONGIMANUS; ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; SCULPIN COMMUNITY;
MYSIS-RELICTA; FOOD-WEB; MICHIGAN; RECRUITMENT
AB Using a 37-year recruitment time series, we uncovered a field pattern revealing a strong, inverse relationship between bloater Coregonus hoyi recruitment success and slimy sculpin Cottus cognatus biomass in Lake Michigan (United States), one of the largest freshwater lakes of the world. Given that slimy sculpins (and deepwater sculpin Myoxocephalus thompsonii) are known egg predators that spatiotemporally overlap with incubating bloater eggs, we used recently published data on sculpin diets and daily ration to model annual bloater egg consumption by sculpins for the 1973-2010 year-classes. Although several strong year-classes were produced in the late 1980s when the proportion of eggs consumed by slimy sculpins was extremely low (i.e., <0.001) and several weak year-classes were produced when the proportion of bloater eggs consumed was at its highest (i.e., >0.10-1.0), egg predation failed to explain why recruitment was weak for the 1995-2005 year-classes when the proportion consumed was also low (i.e., <0.02). We concluded that egg predation by slimy and deepwater sculpins could have limited bloater recruitment in some years, but that some undetermined factor was more important in many other years. Given that slimy sculpin densities are influenced by piscivorous lake trout Salvelinus namaycush, the restoration of which in Lake Michigan has lagged behind those in lakes Superior and Huron, our study highlights the importance of an ecosystem perspective when considering population dynamics of fishes.
C1 [Bunnell, David B.; Madenjian, Charles P.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Mychek-Londer, Justin G.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
RP Bunnell, DB (reprint author), USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM dbunnell@usgs.gov
OI Bunnell, David/0000-0003-3521-7747
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission
FX Funding was provided by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and their
'Re-establishment of Native Deepwater Fishes' theme area. This
manuscript was improved by helpful comments from Andrew Muir, John
Janssen and two anonymous reviewers. We thank Wendylee Stott for the
genetic analyses of eggs found in the bloater diet. We thank Patty
Armenio, Vincent Belill, Margret Chriscinske, Bruce Davis, Jim Diana,
John French III, Greg Jacobs, Kevin Keeler, Melissa Kostich, Lynn
Ogilvie, Mark Rogers, Wendylee Stott and Nicole Watson for their
important technical and intellectual contributions. Any use of trade,
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This article is Contribution
1793 of the U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 70
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 30
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 23
IS 4
BP 604
EP 614
DI 10.1111/eff.12112
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AP1GH
UT WOS:000341815400011
ER
PT J
AU Weigel, DE
Connolly, PJ
Powell, MS
AF Weigel, Dana E.
Connolly, Patrick J.
Powell, Madison S.
TI Fluvial rainbow trout contribute to the colonization of steelhead
(Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a small stream
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Colonization; Parentage; Barrier removal; Fitness; Life history
polymorphism
ID POPULATION-STRUCTURE; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; HATCHERY PROGRAMS;
SALMONIDS; WILD; STRATEGIES; COLUMBIA; PARENTS; FITNESS; SYSTEM
AB Life history polymorphisms provide ecological and genetic diversity important to the long term persistence of species responding to stochastic environments. Oncorhynchus mykiss have complex and overlapping life history strategies that are also sympatric with hatchery populations. Passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags and parentage analysis were used to identify the life history, origin (hatchery or wild) and reproductive success of migratory rainbow/steelhead for two brood years after barriers were removed from a small stream. The fluvial rainbow trout provided a source of wild genotypes to the colonizing population boosting the number of successful spawners. Significantly more parr offspring were produced by anadromous parents than expected in brood year 2005, whereas significantly more parr offspring were produced by fluvial parents than expected in brood year 2006. Although hatchery steelhead were prevalent in the Methow Basin, they produced only 2 parr and no returning adults in Beaver Creek. On average, individual wild steelhead produced more parr offspring than the fluvial or hatchery groups. Yet, the offspring that returned as adult steelhead were from parents that produced few parr offspring, indicating that high production of parr offspring may not be related to greater returns of adult offspring. These data in combination with other studies of sympatric life histories of O. mykiss indicate that fluvial rainbow trout are important to the conservation and recovery of steelhead and should be included in the management and recovery efforts.
C1 [Weigel, Dana E.] Snake River Area Off, Bur Reclamat, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Connolly, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Powell, Madison S.] Univ Idaho, Inst Aquaculture Res, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA.
RP Weigel, DE (reprint author), Snake River Area Off, Bur Reclamat, 220 5th St,Suite 105, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM danaw099@hotmail.com
FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
FX Funding and materials were provided by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation.
We are grateful to the local landowners, G. Ott and V. Stokes, who
allowed access to sites on Beaver Creek. M. Newsom provided valuable
scientific direction to the project. G. Knott and M. Notaro provided
support with local coordination and permitting. K. Martens, B. Fisher,
W. Tibbits and N. Glasser assisted in data collection and operation of
the weir and tag readers. J. Faler conducted the genetic analysis. Any
use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. All animal capture and care for this
study was permitted under Endangered Species Act permits from the
National Marine Fisheries Service (no. 1480), U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (no. TE-043875) and Washington State collection permit (no.
05-61-4539A and 06-453).
NR 36
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 97
IS 10
BP 1149
EP 1159
DI 10.1007/s10641-013-0204-9
PG 11
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AO6XQ
UT WOS:000341496600006
ER
PT J
AU Blazer, VS
Iwanowicz, DD
Walsh, HL
Sperry, AJ
Iwanowicz, LR
Alvarez, DA
Brightbill, RA
Smith, G
Foreman, WT
Manning, R
AF Blazer, V. S.
Iwanowicz, D. D.
Walsh, H. L.
Sperry, A. J.
Iwanowicz, L. R.
Alvarez, D. A.
Brightbill, R. A.
Smith, G.
Foreman, W. T.
Manning, R.
TI Reproductive health indicators of fishes from Pennsylvania watersheds:
association with chemicals of emerging concern
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Smallmouth bass; White sucker; Testicular oocytes; Plasma vitellogenin;
Reproductive endocrine disruption
ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; BASS MICROPTERUS-DOLOMIEU; SUCKER
CATOSTOMUS-COMMERSONI; WIDESPREAD SEXUAL DISRUPTION; MINNOW
PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; WASTE-WATER; SMALLMOUTH BASS; WILD FISH; AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENT; STEROID-HORMONES
AB Fishes were collected at 16 sites within the three major river drainages (Delaware, Susquehanna, and Ohio) of Pennsylvania. Three species were evaluated for biomarkers of estrogenic/antiandrogenic exposure, including plasma vitellogenin and testicular oocytes in male fishes. Smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu, white sucker Catostomus commersonii, and redhorse sucker Moxostoma species were collected in the summer, a period of low flow and low reproductive activity. Smallmouth bass were the only species in which testicular oocytes were observed; however, measurable concentrations of plasma vitellogenin were found in male bass and white sucker. The percentage of male bass with testicular oocytes ranged from 10 to 100 %, with the highest prevalence and severity in bass collected in the Susquehanna drainage. The percentage of males with plasma vitellogenin ranged from 0 to 100 % in both bass and sucker. Biological findings were compared with chemical analyses of discrete water samples collected at the time of fish collections. Estrone concentrations correlated with testicular oocytes prevalence and severity and with the percentage of male bass with vitellogenin. No correlations were noted with the percentage of male sucker with vitellogenin and water chemical concentrations. The prevalence and severity of testicular oocytes in bass also correlated with the percent of agricultural land use in the watershed above a site. Two sites within the Susquehanna drainage and one in the Delaware were immediately downstream of wastewater treatment plants to compare results with upstream fish. The percentage of male bass with testicular oocytes was not consistently higher downstream; however, severity did tend to increase downstream.
C1 [Blazer, V. S.; Iwanowicz, D. D.; Walsh, H. L.; Sperry, A. J.; Iwanowicz, L. R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Fish Hlth Branch, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Alvarez, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Brightbill, R. A.] US Geol Survey, Penn Water Sci Ctr, New Cumberland, PA 17070 USA.
[Smith, G.] Penn Fish & Boat Commiss, Harrisburg, PA 17106 USA.
[Foreman, W. T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Manning, R.] Penn Dept Environm Protect, Harrisburg, PA 17105 USA.
RP Blazer, VS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Fish Hlth Branch, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM vblazer@usgs.gov
OI Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178
FU Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection; US Geological
Survey
FX We thank the numerous Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission and
Department of Environmental Protection biologists, as well as personnel
from the USGS Pennsylvania Water Center for the assistance in fish
collections. We appreciate the excellent laboratory technical assistance
of Kathy Spring and Darlene Bowling. This research was funded by the
Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Protection and the US
Geological Survey's Chesapeake Bay Priority Ecosystems and Fisheries
programs. Use of trade names is for identification purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 90
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 4
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
EI 1573-2959
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 186
IS 10
BP 6471
EP 6491
DI 10.1007/s10661-014-3868-5
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO6YC
UT WOS:000341497800037
PM 24934131
ER
PT J
AU Waythomas, CF
Haney, MM
Fee, D
Schneider, DJ
Wech, A
AF Waythomas, Christopher F.
Haney, Matthew M.
Fee, David
Schneider, David J.
Wech, Aaron
TI The 2013 eruption of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska: a spatter eruption at an
ice-and snow-clad volcano
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pyroclastic avalanches; Spatter eruption; Seismic; Lahars;
Eruption-snow-ice interactions
ID PYROCLASTIC AVALANCHES; LAVA FLOWS; NGAURUHOE; DOME
AB The 2013 eruption of Pavlof Volcano, Alaska began on 13 May and ended 49 days later on 1 July. The eruption was characterized by persistent lava fountaining from a vent just north of the summit, intermittent strombolian explosions, and ash, gas, and aerosol plumes that reached as high as 8 km above sea level and on several occasions extended as much as 500 km downwind of the volcano. During the first several days of the eruption, accumulations of spatter near the vent periodically collapsed to form small pyroclastic avalanches that eroded and melted snow and ice to form lahars on the lower north flank of the volcano. Continued lava fountaining led to the production of clastogenic lava flows that extended to the base of the volcano, about 3-4 km beyond the vent. The generation of fountain-fed lava flows was a dominant process during the 2013 eruption; however, episodic collapse of spatter accumulations and formation of hot spatter-rich granular avalanches was a more efficient process for melting snow and ice and initiating lahars. The lahars and ash plumes generated during the eruption did not pose any serious hazards for the area. However, numerous local airline flights were cancelled or rerouted, and trace amounts of ash fall occurred at all of the local communities surrounding the volcano, including Cold Bay, Nelson Lagoon, Sand Point, and King Cove.
C1 [Waythomas, Christopher F.; Haney, Matthew M.; Schneider, David J.; Wech, Aaron] US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Fee, David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Wilson Infrasound Observ, Alaska Volcano Observ, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Waythomas, CF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Volcano Observ, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM chris@usgs.gov
NR 21
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
EI 1432-0819
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 76
IS 10
AR 862
DI 10.1007/s00445-014-0862-2
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AO5EW
UT WOS:000341367300003
ER
PT J
AU Stockdon, HF
Thompson, DM
Plant, NG
Long, JW
AF Stockdon, H. F.
Thompson, D. M.
Plant, N. G.
Long, J. W.
TI Evaluation of wave runup predictions from numerical and parametric
models
SO COASTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Runup; Swash; Setup; XBeach; Observations; Storms
ID NATURAL BEACH; ENERGY SATURATION; BARRED BEACHES; SET-UP; SWASH;
VALIDATION
AB Wave runup during storms is a primary driver of coastal evolution, including shoreline and dune erosion and barrier island overwash. Runup and its components, setup and swash, can be predicted from a parameterized model that was developed by comparing runup observations to offshore wave height, wave period, and local beach slope. Because observations during extreme storms are often unavailable, a numerical model is used to simulate the storm-driven runup to compare to the parameterized model and then develop an approach to improve the accuracy of the parameterization. Numerically simulated and parameterized runup were compared to observations to evaluate model accuracies. The analysis demonstrated that setup was accurately predicted by both the parameterized model and numerical simulations. Infragravity swash heights were most accurately predicted by the parameterized model. The numerical model suffered from bias and gain errors that depended on whether a one-dimensional or two-dimensional spatial domain was used. Nonetheless, all of the predictions were significantly correlated to the observations, implying that the systematic errors can be corrected. The numerical simulations did not resolve the incident-band swash motions, as expected, and the parameterized model performed best at predicting incident-band swash heights. An assimilated prediction using a weighted average of the parameterized model and the numerical simulations resulted in a reduction in prediction error variance. Finally, the numerical simulations were extended to include storm conditions that have not been previously observed. These results indicated that the parameterized predictions of setup may need modification for extreme conditions; numerical simulations can be used to extend the validity of the parameterized predictions of infragravity swash; and numerical simulations systematically underpredict incident swash, which is relatively unimportant under extreme conditions. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Stockdon, H. F.; Thompson, D. M.; Plant, N. G.; Long, J. W.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
RP Stockdon, HF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 600 4th St S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM hstockdon@usgs.gov
OI Plant, Nathaniel/0000-0002-5703-5672; Stockdon,
Hilary/0000-0003-0791-4676
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-3839
EI 1872-7379
J9 COAST ENG
JI Coast. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 92
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2014.06.004
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean
SC Engineering
GA AO6PV
UT WOS:000341474900001
ER
PT J
AU Eagles-Smith, CA
Ackerman, JT
AF Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
Ackerman, Joshua T.
TI Mercury bioaccumulation in estuarine wetland fishes: Evaluating habitats
and risk to coastal wildlife
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Fish; Wetland; Bioaccumulation; Bird; Estuary
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; FORAGE FISH; FOOD WEBS; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION;
SPACE USE; SEDIMENTS; CONSERVATION; WATERBIRDS; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA
AB Estuaries are globally important areas for methylmercury bioaccumulation because of high methylmercury production rates and use by fish and wildlife. We measured total mercury (THg) concentrations in ten fish species from 32 wetland and open bay sites in San Francisco Bay Estuary (2005-2008). Fish THg concentrations (mu g/g dry weight standard error) differed by up to 7.4x among estuary habitats. Concentrations were lowest in open bay (0.17 +/- 0.02) and tidal wetlands (0.42 +/- 0.02), and highest in managed seasonal saline wetlands (1.27 +/- 0.05) and decommissioned high salinity salt ponds (1.14 +/- 0.07). Mercury also differed among fishes, with Mississippi silversides (0.87 +/- 0.03) having the highest and longjaw mudsuckers (0.37 +/- 0.01) the lowest concentrations. Overall, 26% and 12% of fish exceeded toxicity benchmarks for fish (0.20 mu g/g wet weight) and piscivorous bird (0.30 mu g/g wet weight) health, respectively. Our results suggest that despite managed wetlands' limited abundance within estuaries, they may be disproportionately important habitats of Hg risk to coastal wildlife. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis Res Grp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Ackerman, Joshua T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA USA.
RP Eagles-Smith, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis Res Grp, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ceagles-smith@usgs.gov
OI Eagles-Smith, Collin/0000-0003-1329-5285
FU CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program [ERP-02D-C12]; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service [114204N203]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by the CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program
(Grant #ERP-02D-C12), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (grant #
114204N203) and the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank R. Keister for
sample processing and analysis; T. Adelsbach, S. Stoner-Duncan, J.
Henderson, L. Stinson, C. Johnson, K. Aceituno and C. Marn for field
assistance. Tom Maurer, Carol Atkins, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, California Department of Fish and Game, and San Francisco Bay
Bird Observatory graciously provided logistical support. We appreciate
the comments and suggestions by Mark Ricca, James Willacker, and two
anonymous reviewers for improvements to early versions of the
manuscript. The use of trade, product, or firm names in the publication
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U. S. Government.
NR 67
TC 14
Z9 15
U1 5
U2 66
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 193
BP 147
EP 155
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.015
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO6OL
UT WOS:000341471300019
PM 25019587
ER
PT J
AU Bradley, PM
Barber, LB
Duris, JW
Foreman, WT
Furlong, ET
Hubbard, LE
Hutchinson, KJ
Keefe, SH
Kolpin, DW
AF Bradley, Paul M.
Barber, Larry B.
Duris, Joseph W.
Foreman, William T.
Furlong, Edward T.
Hubbard, Laura E.
Hutchinson, Kasey J.
Keefe, Steffanie H.
Kolpin, Dana W.
TI Riverbank filtration potential of pharmaceuticals in a
wastewater-impacted stream
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater; Surface water; Pharmaceuticals; Wastewater contamination;
Hydrologic transport; Bank filtration
ID ENVIRONMENTALLY RELEVANT CONCENTRATIONS; BANK FILTRATION; SURFACE
WATERS; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; ANTHROPOGENIC MARKER; ARTIFICIAL RECHARGE;
TREATMENT PLANTS; TERM EXPOSURE; FATE; EFFLUENT
AB Pharmaceutical contamination of shallow groundwater is a substantial concern in effluent-dominated streams, due to high aqueous mobility, designed bioactivity, and effluent-driven hydraulic gradients. In October and December 2012, effluent contributed approximately 99% and 71%, respectively, to downstream flow in Fourmile Creek, Iowa, USA. Strong hydrologic connectivity was observed between surface-water and shallow-groundwater. Carbamazepine, sulfamethoxazole, and immunologically-related compounds were detected in groundwater at greater than 0.02 mu g L-1 at distances up to 6 m from the stream bank. Direct aqueous-injection HPLC-MS/MS revealed 43% and 55% of 110 total pharmaceutical analytes in surface-water samples in October and December, respectively, with 16% and 6%, respectively, detected in groundwater approximately 20 m from the stream bank. The results demonstrate the importance of effluent discharge as a driver of local hydrologic conditions in an effluent-impacted stream and thus as a fundamental control on surface-water to groundwater transport of effluent-derived pharmaceutical contaminants. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
C1 [Bradley, Paul M.] USGS, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
[Barber, Larry B.; Keefe, Steffanie H.] USGS, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Duris, Joseph W.] USGS, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
[Foreman, William T.; Furlong, Edward T.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Hubbard, Laura E.] USGS, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Hutchinson, Kasey J.; Kolpin, Dana W.] USGS, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
RP Bradley, PM (reprint author), USGS, 720 Gracern Rd, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM pbradley@usgs.gov; lbbarber@usgs.gov; jwduris@usgs.gov;
wforeman@usgs.gov; efurlong@usgs.gov; lhubbard@usgs.gov;
khutchin@usgs.gov; shkeefe@usgs.gov; dwkolpin@usgs.gov
OI Duris, Joseph/0000-0002-8669-8109
FU Toxic Substances Contaminant Hydrology Program Emerging Contaminants
Project of the U.S. Geological Survey Environmental Health Mission Area
FX The Toxic Substances Contaminant Hydrology Program Emerging Contaminants
Project of the U.S. Geological Survey Environmental Health Mission Area
supported this research. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. We thank Ken Plager and the staff of the Ankeny WWTF for
logistical support and access to the Fourmile Creek study area.
NR 67
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 8
U2 43
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 193
BP 173
EP 180
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.028
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO6OL
UT WOS:000341471300022
PM 25038376
ER
PT J
AU Hladik, ML
Kolpin, DW
Kuivila, KM
AF Hladik, Michelle L.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Kuivila, Kathryn M.
TI Widespread occurrence of neonicotinoid insecticides in streams in a high
corn and soybean producing region, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Clothianidin; Imidacloprid; Thiamethoxam; Seed treatments; Surface water
ID PESTICIDES; HERBICIDES; WATER; BEES
AB Neonicotinoid insecticides are of environmental concern, but little is known about their occurrence in surface water. An area of intense corn and soybean production in the Midwestern United States was chosen to study this issue because of the high agricultural use of neonicotinoids via both seed treatments and other forms of application. Water samples were collected from nine stream sites during the 2013 growing season. The results for the 79 water samples documented similar patterns among sites for both frequency of detection and concentration (maximum:median) with clothianidin (75%, 257 ng/L:8.2 ng/L) > thiamethoxam (47%, 185 ng/L:<2 ng/L) > imidacloprid (23%, 42.7 ng/L: <2 ng/L). Neonicotinoids were detected at all nine sites sampled even though the basin areas spanned four orders of magnitude. Temporal patterns in concentrations reveal pulses of neonicotinoids associated with rainfall events during crop planting, suggesting seed treatments as their likely source. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Hladik, Michelle L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA 52244 USA.
[Kuivila, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Hladik, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM mhladik@usgs.gov; dwkolpin@usgs.gov; kkuivila@usgs.gov
OI Hladik, Michelle/0000-0002-0891-2712
FU USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
FX We would like to thank Kymm Barnes, Jim Caldwell, Jim Cerveny, Jesse
Garrett, Joe Gorman, Lance Gruhn, Laura Hubbard, Steve Kalkhoff, Rich
Kopish, Shannon Meppelink, and Matt Noon for collecting the samples for
this study. Kasey Hutchinson compiled the basin landuse information.
Kasey, along with Jim Orlando, assisted with the map generation. Megan
McWayne and Corey Sanders helped with the sample processing in the
laboratory. Robert Gilliom provided valuable comments to the manuscript.
Funding was provided by the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 39
TC 31
Z9 34
U1 12
U2 92
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 193
BP 189
EP 196
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.06.033
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO6OL
UT WOS:000341471300024
PM 25042208
ER
PT J
AU Lewan, MD
Warden, A
Dias, RF
Lowry, ZK
Hannah, TL
Lillis, PG
Kokaly, RF
Hoefen, TM
Swayze, GA
Mills, CT
Harris, SH
Plumlee, GS
AF Lewan, M. D.
Warden, A.
Dias, R. F.
Lowry, Z. K.
Hannah, T. L.
Lillis, P. G.
Kokaly, R. F.
Hoefen, T. M.
Swayze, G. A.
Mills, C. T.
Harris, S. H.
Plumlee, G. S.
TI Asphaltene content and composition as a measure of Deepwater Horizon oil
spill losses within the first 80 days
SO ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Oil spill; Asphaltenes; Deepwater Horizon; Gulf of Mexico;
Photo-oxidation; Evaporation; Dispersant; Biodegradation; Water washing
ID CRUDE OILS; PETROLEUM; PHOTOOXIDATION
AB The composition and content of asphaltenes in spilled and original wellhead oils from the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) incident provide information on the amount of original oil lost and the processes most responsible for the losses within the first 80 days of the active spill. Spilled oils were collected from open waters, coastal waters and coastal sediments during the incident. Asphaltenes are the most refractory component of crude oils but their alteration in the spilled oils during weathering prevents them from being used directly as a conservative component to calculate original oil losses. The alteration is reflected by their increase in oxygen content and depletion in C-12. Reconnaissance experiments involving evaporation, photo-oxidation, microbial degradation, dissolution, dispersion and burning indicate that the combined effects of photo-oxidation and evaporation are responsible for these compositional changes. Based on measured losses and altered asphaltenes from these experiments, a mean of 61 +/- 3 vol% of the original oil was lost from the surface spilled oils during the incident. This mean percentage of original oil loss is considerably larger than previous estimates of evaporative losses based on only gas chromatography (GC) amenable hydrocarbons (32-50 vol%), and highlights the importance of using asphaltenes, as well as GC amenable parameters in evaluating original oil losses and the processes responsible for the losses. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
C1 [Lewan, M. D.; Warden, A.; Dias, R. F.; Lowry, Z. K.; Hannah, T. L.; Lillis, P. G.; Kokaly, R. F.; Hoefen, T. M.; Swayze, G. A.; Mills, C. T.; Harris, S. H.; Plumlee, G. S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Lewan, MD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 977, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM mlewan@usgs.gov
RI Kokaly, Raymond/A-6817-2017
OI Kokaly, Raymond/0000-0003-0276-7101
FU U.S. Coast Guard Pollution Removal Funding Authority; USGS Energy
Resources and Mineral Resources Programs
FX We thank the U.S. Coast Guard and National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration for facilitating access to many of the sample sites.
Logistical support for field work provided, in part, by Sarai Piazza and
colleagues at the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal Restoration Assessment
Branch of the National Wetlands Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
is also gratefully acknowledged. Appreciation is extended to Jeff McCoy
(USGS) for securing and distributing aliquots (sample 1 and 16) of the
original oil sample, and Bob Rosenbauer (USGS) for furnishing an
original oil sample (sample 20) from the B&B Laboratory. Funding for the
sample collection was provided by the U.S. Coast Guard Pollution Removal
Funding Authority. Funding for chemical analyses and interpretation was
provided by the USGS Energy Resources and Mineral Resources Programs.
Reviews by two anonymous reviewers and Justin Birdwell (USGS), as well
as USGS editorial reviews by David Ferderer and Janet Slate helped
improve content and clarity of the original manuscript. Results of this
study were first presented in the Giant Oil Spills and Environmental
Impact session (10j) of the 2011 Goldschmidt Conference in Prague, Czech
Republic (August 18). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 22
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 35
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0146-6380
J9 ORG GEOCHEM
JI Org. Geochem.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 75
BP 54
EP 60
DI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2014.06.004
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AO4QM
UT WOS:000341325800006
ER
PT J
AU Cardenas, CS
Dieguez, MC
Guevara, SR
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Queimalinos, CP
AF Soto Cardenas, Carolina
Dieguez, Maria C.
Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Queimalinos, Claudia P.
TI Incorporation of inorganic mercury (Hg2+) in pelagic food webs of
ultraoligotrophic and oligotrophic lakes: The role of different plankton
size fractions and species assemblages
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Plankton; Size fractions; Hg2+ adsorption; Hg2+ internalization
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; TROPHIC TRANSFER; TRACE-METALS;
MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; NORTH PATAGONIA; SURFACE WATERS; ANDEAN LAKE;
ACCUMULATION; METHYLMERCURY; ELEMENTS
AB In lake food webs, pelagic basal organisms such as bacteria and phytoplankton incorporate mercury (Hg2+) from the dissolved phase and pass the adsorbed and internalized Hg to higher trophic levels. This experimental investigation addresses the incorporation of dissolved Hg2+ by four plankton fractions (picoplankton: 0.2-2.7 mu m; pico + nanoplankton: 02-20 mu m; microplankton: 20-50 mu m; and mesoplankton: 50-200 mu m) obtained from four Andean Patagonian lakes, using the radioisotope Hg-197(2+). Species composition and abundance were determined in each plankton fraction. In addition, morphometric parameters such as surface and biovolume were calculated using standard geometric models. The incorporation of Hg2+ in each plankton fraction was analyzed through three concentration factors: BCF (bioconcentration factor) as a function of cell or individual abundance, SCF (surface concentration factor) and VCF (volume concentration factor) as functions of individual exposed surface and biovolume, respectively. Overall, this investigation showed that through adsorption and internalization, pica + nanoplankton play a central role leading the incorporation of Hg2+ in pelagic food webs of Andean lakes. Larger planktonic organisms included in the micro- and mesoplankton fractions incorporate Hg2+ by surface adsorption, although at a lesser extent. Mixotrophic bacterivorous organisms dominate the different plankton fractions of the lakes connecting trophic levels through microbial loops (e.g., bacteria-nanoflagellates-crustaceans; bacteria-ciliates-crustaceans; endosymbiotic algae-ciliates). These bacterivorous organisms, which incorporate Hg from the dissolved phase and through their prey, appear to explain the high incorporation of Hg2+ observed in all the plankton fractions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Soto Cardenas, Carolina; Dieguez, Maria C.; Queimalinos, Claudia P.] UNComahue CONICET, INIBIOMA, Inst Invest Biodiversidad & Medioambiente, Lab Fotobiol, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio] CNEA, CAB, Lab Anal Activac Neutron, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
[Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Cardenas, CS (reprint author), UNComahue CONICET, INIBIOMA, Inst Invest Biodiversidad & Medioambiente, Lab Fotobiol, Quintral 1250, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina.
EM sotocardenascaro@gmail.com
OI Ribeiro Guevara, Sergio/0000-0001-7203-7687
FU Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas [CONICET PIP
11220100100064]; Agencia National de Promocion Cientifica y Tecnologica
[ANPCyT PICT 2007-393, PICT 2012-1200]; International Atomic Energy
Agency (IAEA) [ARG/7/007]
FX This work was funded by Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas
y Tecnicas (CONICET PIP 11220100100064), Agencia National de Promocion
Cientifica y Tecnologica (ANPCyT PICT 2007-393 and PICT 2012-1200) and
by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Project ARG/7/007. The
authors wish to express their gratitude to Karen Riva Murray, Ph.D.
Ecologist (U.S. Geological Survey) for her valuable comments on an early
version of the manuscript. We are grateful to Dr. Mariana Reissig for
drawing the map of the study area from satellite images. We thank the
San Carlos de Bariloche Town Council and the Administration of the
Nahuel Huapi National Park (APN) for granting permission to sample the
lakes within their jurisdictions.
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 31
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2014
VL 494
BP 65
EP 73
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.138
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO4VR
UT WOS:000341340000008
ER
PT J
AU Drus, GM
Dudley, TL
D'Antonio, CM
Even, TJ
Brooks, ML
Matchett, JR
AF Drus, Gail M.
Dudley, Tom L.
D'Antonio, Carla M.
Even, Thomas J.
Brooks, Matt L.
Matchett, J. R.
TI Synergistic interactions between leaf beetle herbivory and fire enhance
tamarisk (Tamarix spp.) mortality
SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL
LA English
DT Article
DE Diorhabda carinulata herbivory; Biological control; Tamarix spp.
invasion; Prescribed burning; Synergism
ID ELONGATA-DESERTICOLA COLEOPTERA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES;
BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; WOODY-PLANTS; CHRYSOMELIDAE; TAMARICACEAE;
MECHANISMS; ALLOCATION; RESPONSES; PATTERNS
AB The combined effects of herbivory and fire on plant mortality were investigated using prescribed burns of tamarisk (Tamarix ramosissima Lebed) exposed to herbivory by the saltcedar leaf beetle (Chrysomelidae: Diorhabda carinulata Desbrocher). Tamarix stands in the Humboldt Sink (NV, USA) were divided into three treatments: summer burn (August 2006), fall burn (October 2006) and control (unburned), and litter depth was manipulated to vary fire intensity within burn seasons. A gradient of existing herbivory impact was described with three plant condition metrics prior to fire: reduced proportions of green canopy, percent root crown starch sampled at the height of the growing season (August 2006), and percent root crown starch measured during dormancy (December 2006). August root crown starch concentration and proportion green canopy were strongly correlated, although the proportion green canopy predicted mortality better than August root crown starch. December root crown starch concentration was more depleted in unburned trees and in trees burned during the summer than in fall burn trees. Mortality in summer burned trees was higher than fall burned trees due to higher fire intensity, but December root crown starch available for resprouting in the spring was also lower in summer burned trees. The greatest mortality was observed in trees with the lowest December root crown starch concentration which were exposed to high fire intensity. Disproportionate changes in the slope and curvature of prediction traces as fire intensity and December starch reach reciprocal maximum and minimum levels indicate that beetle herbivory and fire intensity are synergistic. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Drus, Gail M.] St Francis Univ, Loretto, PA 15940 USA.
[Dudley, Tom L.; D'Antonio, Carla M.; Even, Thomas J.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Brooks, Matt L.; Matchett, J. R.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Yosemite Field Stn, El Portal Off, El Portal, CA 95318 USA.
RP Drus, GM (reprint author), St Francis Univ, 117 Evergreen Dr, Loretto, PA 15940 USA.
EM GDrus@francis.edu
FU Joint Fire Science Program [ID 05-2-1-18]; Clark County Multiple Species
Habitat Conservation Program [ID 2005-UCSB-552]; Luce Environmental
Science to Solutions Fellowship; UC Santa Barbara Graduate Division
FX The authors acknowledge G. Munk, and Brinkerhoff Ranches for assisting
in site selection and burn preparation, and K. Sneider USDA-ARS for
providing lab space and field assistants. We thank J. TenBrinke, R.
McNeil, and the members of the Silver State Hunt Club for assistance in
the field. We thank the many people who provided constructive comments
on this manuscript, especially B. Mahall and the members of the
D'Antonio/Dudley lab. This work was supported in part by the Joint Fire
Science Program grant ID 05-2-1-18, Clark County Multiple Species
Habitat Conservation Program grant ID 2005-UCSB-552, Luce Environmental
Science to Solutions Fellowship, and the UC Santa Barbara Graduate
Division. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 25
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1049-9644
EI 1090-2112
J9 BIOL CONTROL
JI Biol. Control
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 77
BP 29
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2014.04.010
PG 12
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology
GA AN7WD
UT WOS:000340810800005
ER
PT J
AU Lu, D
Ye, M
Hill, MC
Poeter, EP
Curtis, GP
AF Lu, Dan
Ye, Ming
Hill, Mary C.
Poeter, Eileen P.
Curtis, Gary P.
TI A computer program for uncertainty analysis integrating regression and
Bayesian methods
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE Markov Chain Monte Carlo; UCODE_2014; Bayesian uncertainty analysis
ID PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; TRANSPORT; MODEL; SIMULATION; ALGORITHM; MCMC
AB This work develops a new functionality in UCODE_2014 to evaluate Bayesian credible intervals using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The MCMC capability in UCODE_2014 is based on the FORTRAN version of the differential evolution adaptive Metropolis (DREAM) algorithm of Vrugt et al. (2009), which estimates the posterior probability density function of model parameters in high-dimensional and multimodal sampling problems. The UCODE MCMC capability provides eleven prior probability distributions and three ways to initialize the sampling process. It evaluates parametric and predictive uncertainties and it has parallel computing capability based on multiple chains to accelerate the sampling process. This paper tests and demonstrates the MCMC capability using a 10-dimensional multimodal mathematical function, a 100-dimensional Gaussian function, and a groundwater reactive transport model. The use of the MCMC capability is made straightforward and flexible by adopting the JUPITER API protocol. With the new MCMC capability, UCODE_2014 can be used to calculate three types of uncertainty intervals, which all can account for prior information: (1) linear confidence intervals which require linearity and Gaussian error assumptions and typically 10s-100s of highly parallelizable model runs after optimization, (2) nonlinear confidence intervals which require a smooth objective function surface and Gaussian observation error assumptions and typically 100s-1,000s of partially parallelizable model runs after optimization, and (3) MCMC Bayesian credible intervals which require few assumptions and commonly 10,000s-100,000s or more partially parallelizable model runs. Ready access allows users to select methods best suited to their work, and to compare methods in many circumstances. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Lu, Dan] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Ye, Ming] Florida State Univ, Dept Sci Comp, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Hill, Mary C.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Poeter, Eileen P.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Geol & Geol Engn, Integrated Ground Water Modeling Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Curtis, Gary P.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Lu, D (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Comp Sci & Math Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM lud1@ornl.gov
RI Ye, Ming/A-5964-2008
FU NSF-EAR [0911074]; DOE-SBR [DE-SC0002687]; DOE Early Career Award
[DE-SC0008272]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [51328902]
FX This work was supported in part by NSF-EAR grant 0911074, DOE-SBR grant
DE-SC0002687, DOE Early Career Award, DE-SC0008272, and National Natural
Science Foundation of China grants, 51328902. The authors thank John
Doherty and Jasper Vrugt for providing the MICA and DREAM codes.
NR 38
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
EI 1873-6726
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 60
BP 45
EP 56
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2014.06.002
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO3GX
UT WOS:000341218800004
ER
PT J
AU Pausas, JG
Keeley, JE
AF Pausas, Juli G.
Keeley, Jon E.
TI Evolutionary ecology of resprouting and seeding in fire-prone ecosystems
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Review
DE fire ecology; iteroparity; monopyric; polypyric; resprouting; seeding;
semeplarity; trait evolution
ID LIFE-HISTORY TYPE; CHAPARRAL SPECIES RHAMNACEAE; PLANT PERSISTENCE
TRAITS; WATER-STRESS TOLERANCE; MEDITERRANEAN BASIN; FLOWERING PLANTS;
WOODY-PLANTS; VEGETATIVE REGENERATION; OVERLAPPING GENERATIONS;
BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT
AB There are two broad mechanisms by which plant populations persist under recurrent disturbances: resprouting from surviving tissues, and seedling recruitment. Species can have one of these mechanisms or both. However, a coherent framework explaining the differential evolutionary pressures driving these regeneration mechanisms is lacking. We propose a bottom-up approach in addressing this question that considers the relative survivorship of adults and juveniles in an evolutionary context, based on two assumptions. First, resprouting and seeding can be interpreted by analogy with annual versus perennial life histories; that is, if we consider disturbance cycles to be analogous to annual cycles, then resprouting species are analogous to the perennial life history with iteroparous reproduction, and obligate seeding species that survive disturbances solely through seed banks are analogous to the annual life history with semelparous reproduction. Secondly, changes in the selective regimes differentially modify the survival rates of adults and juveniles and thus the relative costs and benefits of resprouting versus seeding. Our approach provides a framework for understanding temporal and spatial variation in resprouting and seeding under crown-fire regimes. It accounts for patterns of coexistence and environmental changes that contribute to the evolution of seeding from resprouting ancestors.
C1 [Pausas, Juli G.] CSIC, CIDE, Valencia 46113, Spain.
[Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Sequoia Kings Canyon Field Stn, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA.
[Keeley, Jon E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Pausas, JG (reprint author), CSIC, CIDE, Ctra Naquera Km 4-5 IVIA, Valencia 46113, Spain.
EM juli.g.pausas@uv.es
RI Pausas, Juli/C-5794-2008
OI Pausas, Juli/0000-0003-3533-5786
FU Spanish government [CGL2012-39938-C02-01]
FX This work has been performed under the framework of the TREVOL projects
(CGL2012-39938-C02-01) from the Spanish government. Centro de
Investigaciones sobre Desertificacion (CIDE; Desertification Research
Center) is a joint institute of the Spanish National Research Council
(CSIC), the University of Valencia and Generalitat Valenciana. We thank
the anonymous referees and D. Ackerly for helpful comments. The authors
declare no conflict of interest. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 131
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 41
U2 157
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0028-646X
EI 1469-8137
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 204
IS 1
BP 55
EP 65
DI 10.1111/nph.12921
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA AO2YG
UT WOS:000341193500008
PM 25298997
ER
PT J
AU Beck, MW
Wilson, BN
Vondracek, B
Hatch, LK
AF Beck, Marcus W.
Wilson, Bruce N.
Vondracek, Bruce
Hatch, Lorin K.
TI Application of neural networks to quantify the utility of indices of
biotic integrity for biological monitoring
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bootstrap; Index of Biotic Integrity; Lake; Metric; Neural network;
Variable importance
ID ECOSYSTEM HEALTH; WATER-RESOURCES; LAKES; STREAMS; VARIABLES; IBI;
MINNESOTA; FRAMEWORK; MODELS; RIVERS
AB Indices of Biotic Integrity (IBIs) or multimetric indices have been developed as an approach for monitoring and evaluating biological condition of aquatic organisms. Quantitative evaluations of IBIs to determine whether they can explicitly link environmental condition with anthropogenic activities are needed to effectively use them in management. Analytical approaches using supervised neural networks are potentially powerful techniques to evaluate IBIs. The goal of this study was to evaluate the use of neural networks to identify ecosystem characteristics related to IBI response and to explicitly quantify relationships between variables using sensitivity analyses. An aquatic macrophyte-based IBI developed for Minnesota lakes was used as an example. The study was particularly interested in the usefulness of neural networks to highlight key predictors of IBI performance and to be used as a technique to evaluate multimetric index performance in other systems or regions. Neural networks made accurate predictions of overall IBI scores using an independent dataset, whereas predictive performance of the models varied for individual metrics. Bootstrap analyses to evaluate the effects of different training data on model performance indicated that predictions were highly sensitive to the training data. More conventional modeling techniques, such as multiple regression, performed similarly in predicting IBI scores, although diagnostic tools developed for neural networks provided novel insight into variables influencing IBI response. We suggest that neural networks have the ability to quantify ecological relationships that affect biotic integrity, but the statistical uncertainty associated with multimetric indices may limit the use of predictive models to infer causation. Accordingly, the statistical properties of multimetric indices should be carefully evaluated during index development, with specific attention given to the diagnostic capabilities of individual metrics. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Beck, Marcus W.] Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol Grad Program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Wilson, Bruce N.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Biosyst & Bioprod Engn, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Vondracek, Bruce] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Hatch, Lorin K.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Beck, MW (reprint author), USEPA NHEERL, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
EM beckx266@umn.edu; wilson@umn.edu; bvondrac@umn.edu;
Lorin.Hatch@hdrinc.com
FU Minnesota Game and Fish Fund; Minnesota Environment and Natural
Resources Trust Fund; Outdoor Heritage Fund; MNDNR; Graduate School at
the University of Minnesota
FX Data were obtained from Minnesota Department of Natural Resources staff
and volunteers in the Division of Fish and Wildlife, Division of
Ecological and Water Resources, and the Shallow Lake Program. MNDNR
funding for lake surveys was provided by the Minnesota Game and Fish
Fund, the Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund, and
the Outdoor Heritage Fund, as recommended by the Lessard-Sams Outdoor
Heritage Council. M. Beck was funded by MNDNR using Clean Water Legacy
funds appropriated by the Minnesota Legislature and an Interdisciplinary
Doctoral Fellowship provided by the Graduate School at the University of
Minnesota.
NR 61
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 23
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 45
BP 195
EP 208
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.002
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN0ZI
UT WOS:000340312100022
ER
PT J
AU Villamagna, AM
Mogollon, B
Angermeier, PL
AF Villamagna, Amy M.
Mogollon, Beatriz
Angermeier, Paul L.
TI A multi-indicator framework for mapping cultural ecosystem services: The
case of freshwater recreational fishing
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecosystem service capacity; Ecosystem service demand; GIS; Landscape
metrics; Sustainability
ID VALUATION; MANAGEMENT; FISHERIES; DEMAND; SCALES
AB Despite recent interest, ecosystem services are not yet fully incorporated into private and public decisions about natural resource management. Cultural ecosystem services (CES) are among the most challenging of services to include because they comprise complex ecological and social properties and processes that make them difficult to measure, map or monetize. Like others, CES are vulnerable to landscape changes and unsustainable use. To date, the sustainability of services has not been adequately addressed and few studies have considered measures of service capacity and demand simultaneously. To facilitate sustainability assessments and management of CES, our study objectives were to (1) develop a spatially explicit framework for mapping the capacity of ecosystems to provide freshwater recreational fishing, an important cultural service, (2) map societal demand for freshwater recreational fishing based on license data and identify areas of potential overuse, and (3) demonstrate how maps of relative capacity and relative demand could be interfaced to estimate sustainability of a CES. We mapped freshwater recreational fishing capacity at the 12-digit hydrologic unit-scale in North Carolina and Virginia using a multi-indicator service framework incorporating biophysical and social landscape metrics and mapped demand based on fishing license data. Mapping of capacity revealed a gradual decrease in capacity eastward from the mountains to the coastal plain and that fishing demand was greatest in urban areas. When comparing standardized relative measures of capacity and demand for freshwater recreational fishing, we found that ranks of capacity exceeded ranks of demand in most hydrologic units, except in 17% of North Carolina and 5% of Virginia. Our GIS-based approach to view freshwater recreational fishing through an ecosystem service lens will enable scientists and managers to examine (1) biophysical and social factors that foster or diminish cultural ecosystem services delivery, (2) demand for cultural ecosystem services relative to their capacity, and (3) ecological pressures like potential overuse that affect service sustainability. Ultimately, we expect such analyses to inform decision-making for freshwater recreational fisheries and other cultural ecosystem services. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Villamagna, Amy M.; Mogollon, Beatriz] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Tech, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Villamagna, AM (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM amv@vt.edu; mogollon@vt.edu; biota@vt.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey's National Aquatic Gap Analysis Program
[G09AC00405]; U.S. Geological Survey; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and
State University; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries;
Wildlife Management Institute
FX This work was partially funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's National
Aquatic Gap Analysis Program (award G09AC00405). We thank Y. Liang for
his assistance geocoding the license data and the many participants of
our Albemarle-Pamlico stakeholder team for valuable input throughout the
development of this and related studies. We thank the following for
providing state-level data and answering our questions: C. Houston, K.
Ryan, C. Burkett, R. Barrett and R. Southwick from Virginia Department
of Game and Inland Fisheries; W. Starnes and G. Hogue from North
Carolina Science Museum Collection; C. McNutt and B. Tracy from North
Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources; and K.
Dockendorf, K. Linehan, J. Rash and K. Hining from North Carolina
Wildlife Resources Commission. We thank K. Linehan and anonymous
reviewers for valuable comments and suggestions. The Virginia
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the
U.S. Geological Survey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State
University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and
Wildlife Management Institute. Use of trade names or commercial products
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 50
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 15
U2 99
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 45
BP 255
EP 265
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.001
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN0ZI
UT WOS:000340312100028
ER
PT J
AU Bridge, ES
Kelly, JF
Xiao, XM
Takekawa, JY
Hill, NJ
Yamage, M
Haque, EU
Islam, MA
Mundkur, T
Yavuz, KE
Leader, P
Leung, CYH
Smith, B
Spragens, KA
Vandegrift, KJ
Hosseini, PR
Saif, S
Mohsanin, S
Mikolon, A
Islam, A
George, A
Sivananinthaperumal, B
Daszak, P
Newman, SH
AF Bridge, Eli S.
Kelly, Jeffrey F.
Xiao, Xiangming
Takekawa, John Y.
Hill, Nichola J.
Yamage, Mat
Haque, Enam Ul
Islam, Mohammad Anwarul
Mundkur, Taej
Yavuz, Kiraz Erciyas
Leader, Paul
Leung, Connie Y. H.
Smith, Bena
Spragens, Kyle A.
Vandegrift, Kurt J.
Hosseini, Parviez R.
Saif, Samia
Mohsanin, Samiul
Mikolon, Andrea
Islam, Ausrafal
George, Acty
Sivananinthaperumal, Balachandran
Daszak, Peter
Newman, Scott H.
TI Bird migration and avian influenza: A comparison of hydrogen stable
isotopes and satellite tracking methods
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Geographical indicators; Connectivity; Disease modeling; Epidemiology;
Disease vector; Waterfowl; Deuterium
ID DOMESTIC DUCKS; H5N1 VIRUS; COMPARATIVE EQUILIBRATION; METEORIC
PRECIPITATION; GENETIC-MARKERS; CENTRAL CHINA; FOOD MARKETS; WILD BIRDS;
DELTA-D; WATERFOWL
AB Satellite-based tracking of migratory waterfowl is an important tool for understanding the potential role of wild birds in the long-distance transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza. However, employing this technique on a continental scale is prohibitively expensive. This study explores the utility of stable isotope ratios in feathers in examining both the distances traveled by migratory birds and variation in migration behavior. We compared the satellite-derived movement data of 22 ducks from 8 species captured at wintering areas in Bangladesh, Turkey, and Hong Kong with deuterium ratios (delta D) in the feathers of these and other individuals captured at the same locations. We derived likely molting locations from the satellite tracking data and generated expected isotope ratios based on an interpolated map of delta D in rainwater. Although delta D was correlated with the distance between wintering and molting locations, surprisingly, measured delta D values were not correlated with either expected values or latitudes of molting sites. However, population-level parameters derived from the satellite-tracking data, such as mean distance between wintering and molting locations and variation in migration distance, were reflected by means and variation of the stable isotope values. Our findings call into question the relevance of the rainfall isotope map for Asia for linking feather isotopes to molting locations, and underscore the need for extensive ground truthing in the form of feather-based isoscapes. Nevertheless, stable isotopes from feathers could inform disease models by characterizing the degree to which regional breeding populations interact at common wintering locations. Feather isotopes also could aid in surveying wintering locations to determine where high-resolution tracking techniques (e.g. satellite tracking) could most effectively be employed. Moreover, intrinsic markers such as stable isotopes offer the only means of inferring movement information from birds that have died as a result of infection. In the absence of feather based-isoscapes, we recommend a combination of isotope analysis and satellite-tracking as the best means of generating aggregate movement data for informing disease models. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bridge, Eli S.; Kelly, Jeffrey F.] Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Bot & Microbiol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.; Hill, Nichola J.; Spragens, Kyle A.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Yamage, Mat] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.
[Haque, Enam Ul; Mohsanin, Samiul] Bangladesh Bird Club, Banani DOHS, Dhaka 1206, Bangladesh.
[Islam, Mohammad Anwarul] Univ Dhaka, Dept Zool, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
[Islam, Mohammad Anwarul; Saif, Samia; Mohsanin, Samiul] Wildlife Trust Bangladesh, Cosmos Ctr, Dhaka 1217, Bangladesh.
[Mundkur, Taej] Wetlands Int, NL-6717 LZ Ede, Netherlands.
[Yavuz, Kiraz Erciyas] Ondokuz Mayis Univ, Ornithol Res Ctr, TR-55139 Samsun, Turkey.
[Leader, Paul] AEC Ltd, Commercial Ctr 127, Yuen Long, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Leung, Connie Y. H.] Univ Hong Kong, Li Ka Shing Fac Med, Sch Publ Hlth, Influenza Res Ctr, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Smith, Bena] Mai Po Marshes Wildlife Educ Ctr & Nat Reserve, World Wide Fund Nat Hong Kong, Yuen Long, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Vandegrift, Kurt J.; Hosseini, Parviez R.; Daszak, Peter] EcoHlth Alliance, New York, NY 10001 USA.
[Vandegrift, Kurt J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Vandegrift, Kurt J.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA.
[Mikolon, Andrea; Islam, Ausrafal] ICDDR B, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
[George, Acty] Corp Kochi, Vet Publ Hlth Ctr, Kaloor, Kerala, India.
[Sivananinthaperumal, Balachandran] Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Bombay 400001, Maharashtra, India.
[Newman, Scott H.] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
RP Bridge, ES (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Oklahoma Biol Survey, 111 E Chesapeake St, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM ebridge@ou.edu
RI Kelly, Jeffrey/B-2029-2015;
OI Kelly, Jeffrey/0000-0002-8255-7990; Bridge, Eli/0000-0003-3453-2008
FU NIH/NSF Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases award from the
Fogarty International Center of the National Institutes of Health
[3R01-TW005869]; International Influenza Funds from the Office of the
Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services; ARRA U.S.
Postdoctoral Scientist Administrative Supplement
FX Isotope analyses and manuscript generation was supported by an NIH/NSF
Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases award from the Fogarty
International Center of the National Institutes of Health
(3R01-TW005869) with an ARRA U.S. Postdoctoral Scientist Administrative
Supplement. Field work was supported by the United Nations Food and
Agriculture Organization, the U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological
Research Center and Avian Influenza Program, and Erasmus University. The
work was conducted in the context of Zoonotic Influenza Collaborative
Network, led by the Fogarty International Center, and supported by
International Influenza Funds from the Office of the Secretary of the
Department of Health and Human Services. Research on animals was
conducted with the approval the Animal Care and Use Committees of the
USGS Western Ecological Center, the Patuxent Wildlife Research Center,
The University of Maryland, Baltimore County (Protocol EE070200710), and
the University of Oklahoma (Animal Use Statement R09-019). We thank the
following people and organizations for their aid in organizing and
executing work at the various field sites: C. Ozsemir, S. Inak, N.
Yavuz, N. Tubbs, J. Epstein, J. Desmond, P. Sathyiaselvam, J. Allcock,
K. Leung, M. Peiris, S. Luby, Y. Bans, M. Leven, A. Mikolon, and the
Bangladesh Bird Club. We also thank Eben Paxton, Susan Jones, and two
anonymous scientists for their helpful reviews. The use of trade names
in this document is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 64
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 91
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 45
BP 266
EP 273
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.04.027
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN0ZI
UT WOS:000340312100029
PM 25045322
ER
PT J
AU Bagstad, KJ
Berik, G
Gaddis, EJB
AF Bagstad, Kenneth J.
Berik, Guenseli
Gaddis, Erica J. Brown
TI Methodological developments in US state-level Genuine Progress
Indicators: Toward GPI 2.0
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Review
DE Economic indicators; Economic well-being; Genuine Progress Indicator
(GPI); Index of Sustainable Economic Welfare (ISEW); Subnational;
Sustainability indicators
ID SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC WELFARE; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; UNITED-STATES;
FOOTPRINT ACCOUNTS; BENEFIT TRANSFER; INDEX; ISEW; AGENDA; COUNTY; TIME
AB The Genuine Progress Indicator (GPI) has emerged as an important monetary measure of economic wellbeing. Unlike mainstream economic indicators, primarily Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the GPI accounts for both the benefits and costs of economic production across diverse economic, social, and environmental domains in a more comprehensive manner. Recently, the GPI has gained traction in subnational policy in the United States, with GPI studies being conducted in a number of states and with their formal adoption by several state governments. As the GPI is applied in different locations, new methods are developed, different data sources are available, and new issues of policy relevance are addressed using its component indicators. This has led to a divergence in methods, reducing comparability between studies and yielding results that are of varying methodological sophistication. In this study, we review the "state of the art" in recent US state-level GPI studies, focusing on those from Hawaii, Maryland, Ohio, Utah, and Vermont. Through adoption of a consistent approach, these and future GPI studies could utilize a framework that supports more uniform, comparable, and accurate measurements of progress. We also identify longer-term issues, particularly related to treatment of nonrenewable resource depletion, government spending, income inequality, and ecosystem services. As these issues are successfully addressed and disseminated, a "GPI 2.0" will emerge that better measures economic well-being and has greater accuracy and policy relevance than past GPI measurements. As the GPI expands further into mainstream policy analysis, a more formal process by which methods could be updated, standardized, and applied is needed. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bagstad, Kenneth J.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Berik, Guenseli] Univ Utah, Dept Econ, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Gaddis, Erica J. Brown] Utah Dept Environm Qual, Div Water Qual, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA.
RP Berik, G (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Econ, 260 South Cent Campus Dr,OSH 343, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM berik@economics.utah.edu
NR 70
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 45
BP 474
EP 485
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.005
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN0ZI
UT WOS:000340312100052
ER
PT J
AU Karl, JW
Gillan, JK
Barger, NN
Herrick, JE
Duniway, MC
AF Karl, Jason W.
Gillan, Jeffrey K.
Barger, Nichole N.
Herrick, Jeffrey E.
Duniway, Michael C.
TI Interpretation of high-resolution imagery for detecting vegetation cover
composition change after fuels reduction treatments in woodlands
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Image interpretation; Rangeland monitoring; Remote sensing;
High-resolution; Land cover; Change detection
ID SCALE AERIAL IMAGERY; RANGELAND VEGETATION; DIGITAL IMAGERY;
PHOTOGRAPHY; CLASSIFICATION; ATTRIBUTES; MANAGEMENT; AGREEMENT; USA
AB The use of very high resolution (VHR; ground sampling distances = 10 cm and <20 cm), moderately thick (>= 20 cm and <30 cm), and thick (>= 30 cm) OLT, composed 34, 20, 14, and 18% of the YRB, respectively; the average OLT was 19.4 cm. Total OLC was estimated to be 338 Pg. A regional chronosequence analysis over 30 years revealed that OLT and OLC increased with stand age COLT: R-2 = 0.68; OLC: R-2 = 0.66), where an average of 16 cm OLT and 5.3 kg/m(2) OLC were consumed by fires. Strong predictors of OLT included climate, topography, near-surface permafrost distributions, soil wetness, and spectral information. Our modeling approach enabled us to produce regional maps of OLT and OLC, which will be useful in understanding risks and feedbacks associated with fires and climate feedbacks.(C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ji, Lei] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Rigge, Matthew; Ji, Lei] InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wylie, Bruce K.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Rose, Joshua R.] Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Johnson, Kristofer D.] US Dept Agr Forest Serv, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
RP Pastick, NJ (reprint author), Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM njpastick@usgs.gov
OI Rigge, Matthew/0000-0003-4471-8009; Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [G08PC91508, G10PC00044]; Climate Effects
Network Yukon River show Basin program
FX Research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change
Science (LandCarbon nation assessment) and Climate and Land Use Change
Research and show Development Programs, and the Climate Effects Network
Yukon River show Basin program. Work was performed under USGS contracts
G08PC91508 and G10PC00044. We are indebted to Santosh Panda, for the use
of his postdoctoral thesis field data. We thank the National Wildlife
Refuges of Arctic, Koyukuk, Innoko, Yukon Delta, Yukon Flats, and Kanuti
for providing logistic support, and field data. Much appreciation is
given to Dana Nossov for her help with field data collection and our
sincere thanks are extended to Nate Olson (U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (FWS) - Wildlife Biologist/Pilot) and Mike Callahan (FWS Pilot)
for safe air travel. The authors would also like to thank Mark Waldrop
(USGS) and Rob Streigl (USGS) for the use of their vehicles. Finally, we
thank Jack McFarland (USGS), Alexander McBratney (joint
Editor-in-Chief), and anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful review of
this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 69
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 6
U2 61
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0016-7061
EI 1872-6259
J9 GEODERMA
JI Geoderma
PD OCT
PY 2014
VL 230
BP 79
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.geoderma.2014.04.008
PG 16
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA AL0KX
UT WOS:000338816900009
ER
PT J
AU Poo-Munoz, DA
Escobar, LE
Peterson, AT
Astorga, F
Organ, JF
Medina-Vogel, G
AF Poo-Munoz, Daniela A.
Escobar, Luis E.
Peterson, A. Townsend
Astorga, Francisca
Organ, John F.
Medina-Vogel, Gonzalo
TI Galictis cuja (Mammalia): An update of current knowledge and geographic
distribution
SO IHERINGIA SERIE ZOOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Biodiversity conservation; Mustelidae; Neotropics; distribution;
ecological niche modeling
ID CANINE-DISTEMPER VIRUS; LESSER GRISON; ARGENTINEAN PATAGONIA; ATLANTIC
FOREST; SOUTHERN CHILE; 1782 CARNIVORA; HABITAT USE; BRAZIL; MOLINA;
DIET
AB The lesser grison (Galictis cuja) is one of the least-known mustelids in the Neotropics, despite its broad range across South America. This study aimed to explore current knowledge of the distribution of the species to identify gaps in knowledge and anticipate its full geographic distribution. Eighty-nine articles have mentioned G. cuja since 1969, but only 13 focused on the species. We generated a detailed model of the species' potential distribution that validated previous maps, but with improved detail, supporting previous southernmost records, and providing a means of identifying priority sites for conservation and management of the species.
C1 [Poo-Munoz, Daniela A.; Escobar, Luis E.; Astorga, Francisca; Medina-Vogel, Gonzalo] Univ Andres Bello, Fac Ecol & Recursos Nat, Santiago, Chile.
[Escobar, Luis E.] SUNY Syracuse, Upstate Med Univ, Dept Immunol & Microbiol, Ctr Global Hlth & Translat Sci, Syracuse, NY USA.
[Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Inst, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Organ, John F.] Univ Massachusetts, Holdsworth Nat Resources Ctr, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Medina-Vogel, G (reprint author), Univ Andres Bello, Fac Ecol & Recursos Nat, Av Republ 252, Santiago, Chile.
EM dapoom@gmail.com; ecoguate2003@gmail.com; town@ku.edu;
fran.astorga@gmail.com; john_organ@fws.gov; gmedina@unab.cl
FU Universidad Andres Bello [DI-04-11/I, DI-49-11/R]; Fondo de Proteccion
Ambiental [RMI-001-2012]
FX Occurrence data were obtained from Administracion de Parques Nacionales,
Argentina; Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia",
Argentina; American Museum of Natural History, USA; Los Angeles County
Museum of Natural History, USA; Louisiana State University Museum of
Natural Science, USA; Michigan State University Museum, USA; Museum of
Vertebrate Zoology, USA; University of Michigan Museum of Zoology, USA;
Field Museum of Natural History, USA; Yale University Peabody Museum,
USA; and Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Belgium.
Universidad Andres Bello provided an Initiation Grant (DI-04-11/I) and a
Regular Grant (DI-49-11/R); Ministerio del Medio Ambiente de Chile
provided a grant from the Fondo de Proteccion Ambiental (RMI-001-2012).
NR 42
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 17
PU FUNDACAO ZOOBOTANICA RIO GRANDE SUL, MUSEU CIENCIAS NATURAIS
PI PORTO ALEGRE
PA CAIXA POSTAL 1188, PORTO ALEGRE, RS 00000, BRAZIL
SN 0073-4721
EI 1678-4766
J9 IHERINGIA SER ZOOL
JI Iheringia Ser. Zool.
PD SEP 30
PY 2014
VL 104
IS 3
BP 341
EP 346
DI 10.1590/167-476620141043341346
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA AT9IL
UT WOS:000345241300010
ER
PT J
AU Greig, DJ
Gulland, FMD
Smith, WA
Conrad, PA
Field, CL
Fleetwood, M
Harvey, JT
Ip, HS
Jang, S
Packham, A
Wheeler, E
Hall, AJ
AF Greig, Denise J.
Gulland, Frances M. D.
Smith, Woutrina A.
Conrad, Patricia A.
Field, Cara L.
Fleetwood, Michelle
Harvey, James T.
Ip, Hon S.
Jang, Spencer
Packham, Andrea
Wheeler, Elizabeth
Hall, Ailsa J.
TI Surveillance for zoonotic and selected pathogens in harbor seals Phoca
vitulina from central California
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Campylobacter; Leptospira; Influenza; Morbillivirus; Neospora;
Sarcocystis; Toxoplasma; Vibrio
ID NORTHERN ELEPHANT SEALS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; OTTER
ENHYDRA-LUTRIS; MARINE MAMMAL HEALTH; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY;
TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; DISTEMPER VIRUS; INFLUENZA-A; MORBILLIVIRUS
INFECTION; MIROUNGA-ANGUSTIROSTRIS
AB The infection status of harbor seals Phoca vitulina in central California, USA, was evaluated through broad surveillance for pathogens in stranded and wild-caught animals from 2001 to 2008, with most samples collected in 2007 and 2008. Stranded animals from Mendocino County to San Luis Obispo County were sampled at a rehabilitation facility: The Marine Mammal Center (TMMC, n = 175); wild-caught animals were sampled at 2 locations: San Francisco Bay (SF, n = 78) and Tomales Bay (TB, n = 97), that differed in degree of urbanization. Low prevalences of Salmonella, Campylobacter, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium were detected in the feces of stranded and wild-caught seals. Clostridium perfringens and Escherichia coli were more prevalent in the feces of stranded (58% [78 out of 135] and 76% [102 out of 135]) than wild-caught (42% [45 out of 106] and 66% [68 out of 106]) seals, whereas Vibrio spp. were 16 times more likely to be cultured from the feces of seals from SF than TB or TMMC (p < 0.005). Brucella DNA was detected in 3.4% of dead stranded harbor seals (2 out of 58). Type A influenza was isolated from feces of 1 out of 96 wild-caught seals. Exposure to Toxoplasma gondii, Sarcocystis neurona, and type A influenza was only detected in the wild-caught harbor seals (post-weaning age classes), whereas antibody titers to Leptospira spp. were detected in stranded and wild-caught seals. No stranded (n = 109) or wild-caught (n = 217) harbor seals had antibodies to phocine distemper virus, although a single low titer to canine distemper virus was detected. These results highlight the role of harbor seals as sentinel species for zoonotic and terrestrial pathogens in the marine environment.
C1 [Greig, Denise J.; Hall, Ailsa J.] Univ St Andrews, Scottish Oceans Inst, Sea Mammal Res Unit, St Andrews KY16 8LB, Fife, Scotland.
[Gulland, Frances M. D.; Wheeler, Elizabeth] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
[Smith, Woutrina A.; Conrad, Patricia A.; Packham, Andrea] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Field, Cara L.] Myst Aquarium & Inst Explorat, Mystic, CT 06355 USA.
[Fleetwood, Michelle] Univ New Hampshire, New Hampshire Vet Diagnost Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Harvey, James T.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Jang, Spencer] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, William R Pritchard Vet Med Teaching Hosp, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Greig, DJ (reprint author), Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA.
EM denisejgreig@gmail.com
FU John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program;
Valentine Family Foundation
FX We thank Tracey Goldstein, Erika Lasik-Nesselquist, Melissa Miller, Ann
Melli, Stori Oates and staff and volunteers at The Marine Mammal Center,
especially Tenaya Norris, Charlotte Jones, Amber Makie, Michelle
Blascow, and Carlos Rios for advice and assistance with sample
collection and analysis. We thank The John H. Prescott Marine Mammal
Rescue Assistance Grant Program and Valentine Family Foundation for
funding for this project. We thank Karina Acevedo-Whitehouse for
thoughtful comments on the manuscript. Any use of trade, product or firm
names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government.
NR 79
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 38
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD SEP 30
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 2
BP 93
EP 106
DI 10.3354/dao02762
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA AQ7OI
UT WOS:000343007500001
PM 25266897
ER
PT J
AU Qi, HP
Coplen, TB
Olack, GA
Vennemann, TW
AF Qi, Haiping
Coplen, Tyler B.
Olack, Gerard A.
Vennemann, Torsten W.
TI Caution on the use of NBS 30 biotite for hydrogen-isotope measurements
with on-line high-temperature conversion systems
SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID RATIO MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STABLE HYDROGEN; SILICIC MAGMAS; CLAY-MINERALS;
WATER; OXYGEN; ZINC; H-2; REDUCTION; ROCKS
AB RATIONALE: The supply of NBS 30 biotite is nearly exhausted. During measurements of NBS 30 and potential replacements, reproducible delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) values could not be obtained by three laboratories using high-temperature conversion (HTC) systems. The cause of this issue has been investigated using the silver-tube technique for hydrogen-isotope measurements of water.
METHODS: The delta(HVSMOW)-H-2-SLAP values of NBS 30 biotite, other biotites, muscovites, and kaolinite with different particle sizes, along with IAEA-CH-7 polyethylene, and reference waters and NBS 22 oil that were sealed in silver-tube segments, were measured. The effect of absorbed water on mineral surfaces was investigated with waters both enriched and depleted in H-2. The quantitative conversion of hydrogen from biotite into gaseous hydrogen as a function of mass and particle size was also investigated.
RESULTS: The delta(HVSMOW)-H-2-SLAP values of NBS 30 obtained by three laboratories were as much as 21 parts per thousand too high compared with the accepted value of -65.7 parts per thousand, determined by conventional off-line measurements. The experiments showed a strong correlation between grain size and the delta(HVSMOW)-H-2-SLAP value of NBS 30 biotite, but not of biotites with lower iron content. The delta(HVSMOW)-H-2-SLAP values of NBS 30 as a function of particle size show a clear trend toward -65.7 parts per thousand with finer grain size.
CONCLUSIONS: Determination of the delta(HVSMOW)-H-2-SLAP values of hydrous minerals and of NBS 30 biotite by on-line HTC systems coupled to isotope-ratio mass spectrometers may be unreliable because hydrogen in this biotite may not be converted quantitatively into molecular hydrogen. Extreme caution in the use and interpretation of delta(HVSMOW)-H-2-SLAP on-line measurements of hydrous minerals is recommended. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Qi, Haiping; Coplen, Tyler B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Olack, Gerard A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Vennemann, Torsten W.] Univ Lausanne, Inst Dynam Surface Terr, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
RP Qi, HP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM haipingq@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program; NSF - American
Recovery and Reinvestment Act [0923831]
FX We thank Harvey Belkin (U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, USA)
for analyzing samples by electron microprobe. This manuscript benefited
from careful reviews by Arndt Schimmelmann (Indiana University, USA) and
Justin Van DeVelde (Plymouth University, UK) and an anonymous reviewer.
The support of the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program made
this article possible. The University of Chicago equipment was supported
in part by NSF award #0923831, funded under the American Recovery and
Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5). Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0951-4198
EI 1097-0231
J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP
JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom.
PD SEP 30
PY 2014
VL 28
IS 18
BP 1987
EP 1994
DI 10.1002/rcm.6983
PG 8
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA AN2YS
UT WOS:000340452600005
PM 25132299
ER
PT J
AU Grovenburg, TW
Monteith, KL
Jacques, CN
Klaver, RW
DePerno, CS
Brinkman, TJ
Monteith, KB
Gilbert, SL
Smith, JB
Bleich, VC
Swanson, CC
Jenks, JA
AF Grovenburg, Troy W.
Monteith, Kevin L.
Jacques, Christopher N.
Klaver, Robert W.
DePerno, Christopher S.
Brinkman, Todd J.
Monteith, Kyle B.
Gilbert, Sophie L.
Smith, Joshua B.
Bleich, Vernon C.
Swanson, Christopher C.
Jenks, Jonathan A.
TI Re-Evaluating Neonatal-Age Models for Ungulates: Does Model Choice
Affect Survival Estimates?
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS;
VAGINAL-IMPLANT TRANSMITTERS; MULE DEER; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; TEMPORAL VARIATION; SOUTHERN ILLINOIS; CENTRAL
MINNESOTA
AB New-hoof growth is regarded as the most reliable metric for predicting age of newborn ungulates, but variation in estimated age among hoof-growth equations that have been developed may affect estimates of survival in staggered-entry models. We used known-age newborns to evaluate variation in age estimates among existing hoof-growth equations and to determine the consequences of that variation on survival estimates. During 2001-2009, we captured and radiocollared 174 newborn (<= 24-hrs old) ungulates: 76 white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in Minnesota and South Dakota, 61 mule deer (O. hemionus) in California, and 37 pronghorn (Antilocapra americana) in South Dakota. Estimated age of known-age newborns differed among hoof-growth models and varied by >15 days for white-tailed deer, >20 days for mule deer, and >10 days for pronghorn. Accuracy (i.e., the proportion of neonates assigned to the correct age) in aging newborns using published equations ranged from 0.0% to 39.4% in white-tailed deer, 0.0% to 3.3% in mule deer, and was 0.0% for pronghorns. Results of survival modeling indicated that variability in estimates of age-at-capture affected short-term estimates of survival (i.e., 30 days) for white-tailed deer and mule deer, and survival estimates over a longer time frame (i.e., 120 days) for mule deer. Conversely, survival estimates for pronghorn were not affected by estimates of age. Our analyses indicate that modeling survival in daily intervals is too fine a temporal scale when age-at-capture is unknown given the potential inaccuracies among equations used to estimate age of neonates. Instead, weekly survival intervals are more appropriate because most models accurately predicted ages within 1 week of the known age. Variation among results of neonatal-age models on short-and long-term estimates of survival for known-age young emphasizes the importance of selecting an appropriate hoof-growth equation and appropriately defining intervals (i.e., weekly versus daily) for estimating survival.
C1 [Grovenburg, Troy W.; Monteith, Kyle B.; Smith, Joshua B.; Jenks, Jonathan A.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Monteith, Kevin L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Jacques, Christopher N.] Western Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Macomb, IL 61455 USA.
[Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ames, IA USA.
[DePerno, Christopher S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources Fisheries Wild, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Brinkman, Todd J.; Gilbert, Sophie L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Brinkman, Todd J.; Gilbert, Sophie L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Bleich, Vernon C.] Calif Dept Fish & Game, Sierra Nevada Bighorn Sheep Recovery Program, Bishop, CA USA.
[Swanson, Christopher C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kulm, ND USA.
RP Grovenburg, TW (reprint author), S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM troy.grovenburg@sdstate.edu
RI Jenks, Jonathan/B-7321-2009; Grovenburg, Troy/K-3346-2012
FU Federal Aid [W-75-R-145, 7530, 75103, 7510]; Minnesota Department of
Natural Resources; Alaska Department of Fish and Game through the Alaska
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; California Department of
Fish and Game Deer Herd Management Plan Implementation Program; South
Dakota State University; Idaho State University; U.S. Forest Service;
National Science Foundation; Bend of the River Chapter of Minnesota Deer
Hunters Association; Bluffland Whitetails Association; Cottonwood County
Game and Fish League; Des Moines Valley Chapter of Minnesota Deer
Hunters Association; Minnesota Bowhunters, Inc.; Minnesota Deer Hunters
Association; Minnesota State Archery Association I; North Country
Bowhunters Chapter of Safari Club International; Rum River Chapter of
Minnesota Deer Hunters Association; South Metro Chapter of Minnesota
Deer Hunters Association; Whitetail Institute of North America
FX Funding for this study was provided by Federal Aid to Wildlife
Restoration (Project W-75-R-145, nos. 7530, 75103, and 7510)
administered by South Dakota Department of Game, Fish, and Parks, the
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, the Alaska Department of Fish
and Game through the Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit,
and the California Department of Fish and Game Deer Herd Management Plan
Implementation Program. Funding also was provided by South Dakota State
University, Idaho State University, the U.S. Forest Service, the
National Science Foundation, Bend of the River Chapter of Minnesota Deer
Hunters Association, Bluffland Whitetails Association, Cottonwood County
Game and Fish League, Des Moines Valley Chapter of Minnesota Deer
Hunters Association, Minnesota Bowhunters, Inc., Minnesota Deer Hunters
Association, Minnesota State Archery Association I, North Country
Bowhunters Chapter of Safari Club International, Rum River Chapter of
Minnesota Deer Hunters Association, South Metro Chapter of Minnesota
Deer Hunters Association, and Whitetail Institute of North America. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 71
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 12
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 29
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e108797
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0108797
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AU6XR
UT WOS:000345745400124
PM 25264612
ER
PT J
AU Gomez-Velez, JD
Harvey, JW
AF Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.
Harvey, Judson W.
TI A hydrogeomorphic river network model predicts where and why hyporheic
exchange is important in large basins
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID MASS-BALANCE; NITROGEN; STREAMS; DENITRIFICATION; SCALE; ZONE; SIZE;
REMOVAL; SYSTEMS; DEPTH
AB Hyporheic exchange has been hypothesized to have basin-scale consequences; however, predictions throughout river networks are limited by available geomorphic and hydrogeologic data and by models that can analyze and aggregate hyporheic exchange flows across large spatial scales. We developed a parsimonious but physically based model of hyporheic flow for application in large river basins: Networks with EXchange and Subsurface Storage (NEXSS). We applied NEXSS across a broad range of geomorphic diversity in river reaches and synthetic river networks. NEXSS demonstrates that vertical exchange beneath submerged bed forms rather than lateral exchange through meanders dominates hyporheic fluxes and turnover rates along river corridors. Per kilometer, low-order streams have a biogeochemical potential at least 2 orders of magnitude larger than higher-order streams. However, when biogeochemical potential is examined per average length of each stream order, low-and high-order streams were often found to be comparable. As a result, the hyporheic zone's intrinsic potential for biogeochemical transformations is comparable across different stream orders, but the greater river miles and larger total streambed area of lower order streams result in the highest cumulative impact from low-order streams. Lateral exchange through meander banks may be important in some cases but generally only in large rivers.
C1 [Gomez-Velez, Jesus D.; Harvey, Judson W.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Gomez-Velez, JD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM jgomezvelez@usgs.gov
RI Harvey, Judson/L-2047-2013
OI Harvey, Judson/0000-0002-2654-9873
FU U.S. Geological Survey (NAWQA Program); U.S. Geological Survey (PES
Program); U.S. Geological Survey (HRD Program)
FX This research was conducted while the first author held a postdoctoral
associateship (CNB) supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (NAWQA, PES,
and HR&D Programs). We thank Rich Alexander, USGS, and anonymous
reviewers and Editors at GRL for their helpful comments. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U. S. government.
NR 50
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 8
U2 47
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 28
PY 2014
VL 41
IS 18
BP 6403
EP 6412
DI 10.1002/2014GL061099
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AT4MO
UT WOS:000344913700013
ER
PT J
AU Borsa, AA
Agnew, DC
Cayan, DR
AF Borsa, Adrian Antal
Agnew, Duncan Carr
Cayan, Daniel R.
TI Ongoing drought-induced uplift in the western United States
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; LAND SUBSIDENCE; WATER STORAGE;
SITE-POSITION; CALIFORNIA; DEFORMATION; GPS; SEISMICITY; VALLEY; LOADS
AB The western United States has been experiencing severe drought since 2013. The solid earth response to the accompanying loss of surface and near-surface water mass should be a broad region of uplift. We use seasonally adjusted time series from continuously operating global positioning system stations to measure this uplift, which we invert to estimate mass loss. The median uplift is 5 millimeters (mm), with values up to 15 mm in California's mountains. The associated pattern of mass loss, ranging up to 50 centimeters (cm) of water equivalent, is consistent with observed decreases in precipitation and streamflow. We estimate the total deficit to be similar to 240 gigatons, equivalent to a 10-cm layer of water over the entire region, or the annual mass loss from the Greenland Ice Sheet.
C1 [Borsa, Adrian Antal; Agnew, Duncan Carr; Cayan, Daniel R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] US Geol Survey, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
RP Borsa, AA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
EM aborsa@ucsd.edu
FU NSF; NASA under NSF [EAR-1261833]; USGS [G13AP00059]
FX The GPS data we use come primarily from the PBO and are publicly
available from UNAVCO through the Geodesy Advancing Geosciences and
EarthScope Facility, which is supported by the NSF and NASA under NSF
cooperative agreement no. EAR-1261833. Meteorological data are publicly
available from the National Climatic Data Center's Global Historical
Climatology Network. The software used for load computation (SPOTL) is
publicly available, and the processing software may be obtained from us.
We acknowledge the efforts of many at UNAVCO to produce the exceptional
PBO GPS data set, especially the station installation efforts of C.
Walls, K. Austin, and K. Feaux. We thank M. Dettinger for comments. This
work was supported by USGS grant no. G13AP00059.
NR 34
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 6
U2 82
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 26
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6204
BP 1587
EP 1590
DI 10.1126/science.1260279
PG 4
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP6CG
UT WOS:000342164500038
PM 25147281
ER
PT J
AU De Giudici, G
Wanty, RB
Podda, F
Kimball, BA
Verplanck, PL
Lattanzi, P
Cidu, R
Medas, D
AF De Giudici, G.
Wanty, R. B.
Podda, F.
Kimball, B. A.
Verplanck, P. L.
Lattanzi, P.
Cidu, R.
Medas, D.
TI Quantifying biomineralization of zinc in the Rio Naracauli (Sardinia,
Italy), using a tracer injection and synoptic sampling
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mine drainage; Zinc; Attenuation; Hydrozincite; Biomineralization;
Tracer experiment
ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; ACID-MINE DRAINAGE; HYDROZINCITE
ZN-5(CO3)(2)(OH)(6); ZN BIOMINERALIZATION; STREAM; COLORADO; CREEK;
PRECIPITATION; CYANOBACTERIA; IRRADIATION
AB Streams draining mined areas throughout the world commonly have high concentrations of Zn. Because Zn is not easily removed from stream water and because it can be toxic to aquatic organisms, its presence is a persistent problem. The discovery of biomineralization of Zn-bearing solids in the mine drainage of Rio Naracauli, in Sardinia, Italy, provides insights into strategies for removing Zn and improving water quality in streams affected by mine drainage. Until now, the transport and attenuation of Zn has not been quantified in this stream setting. A continuous tracer injection experiment was conducted to quantify the biomineralization process and to identify the loading of constituents that causes a change from precipitation of hydrozincite [Zn-5(CO3)(2)(OH)(6)] in the upstream reach to precipitation of a Zn-silicate phase downstream. Based on the mass-load calculations derived from the tracer experiment, about 1.2 kg/day of Zn is sequestered in hydrozincite. This biomineralization represents nearly 90% removal of Zn. Other elements such as Pb and Cd also are sequestered, either in the hydrozincite, or in a separate phase that forms simultaneously. In the lower 600 m of the stream, where the Zn-silicate forms, as much as 0.7 kg/day Zn are sequestered in this solid, but additions of Zn to the stream from groundwater discharge lead to an overall increase in load in that portion of the Rio Naracauli. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [De Giudici, G.; Podda, F.; Lattanzi, P.; Cidu, R.; Medas, D.] Univ Cagliari, I-09127 Cagliari, Italy.
[Wanty, R. B.; Verplanck, P. L.] US Geol Survey, MS Denver Fed Ctr 964d, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kimball, B. A.] US Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT 84117 USA.
RP De Giudici, G (reprint author), Univ Cagliari, Via Trentino 51, I-09127 Cagliari, Italy.
EM gbgiudic@unica.it
RI Lattanzi, Pierfranco/A-5817-2012
OI Lattanzi, Pierfranco/0000-0003-4352-2709
FU Regione Autonoma Sardegna (through University of Cagliari); Regione
Autonoma Sardegna [LR7/2007]; Mineral Resources Program of U.S.
Geological Survey; Ministry of Education (MIUR, PRIN); EU [226870];
Sardegna Ricerche
FX This work was supported by Regione Autonoma Sardegna (Visiting professor
grants provided through the University of Cagliari to Richard B. Wanty
and Briant A. Kimball, and LR7/2007 grant to P.L.). RBW and PLV also
received support from the Mineral Resources Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. RC received support from the Ministry of Education
(MIUR, PRIN 2009). The research and dissemination activity was also done
in the framework of the EU-funded Umbrella project (grant 226870), PRIN
2010/2011 "Interazioni minerali-biosfera" and "SMERI" project funded by
Sardegna Ricerche. We thank some tens of students from master and
bachelor degrees in Geological Science or Natural Sciences of the
University of Cagliari for their help and enthusiastic collaboration in
fieldwork. Particularly, we thank Luca Bottani, Elena Esposito and
Patrizia Onnis for their activity as "runners" or in the field
laboratory. We also thank Chris Fuller of the U.S. Geological Survey and
two anonymous Journal reviewers for their excellent constructive
comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD SEP 25
PY 2014
VL 384
BP 110
EP 119
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.07.002
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AX3RS
UT WOS:000346857200009
ER
PT J
AU Coggins, LG
Bacheler, NM
Gwinn, DC
AF Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.
Bacheler, Nathan M.
Gwinn, Daniel C.
TI Occupancy Models for Monitoring Marine Fish: A Bayesian Hierarchical
Approach to Model Imperfect Detection with a Novel Gear Combination
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; MULTIPLE DETECTION METHODS; ESTIMATING SITE
OCCUPANCY; GULF-OF-MEXICO; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS; STOCK ASSESSMENT;
RED SNAPPER; ABUNDANCE; REEF; DETECTABILITY
AB Occupancy models using incidence data collected repeatedly at sites across the range of a population are increasingly employed to infer patterns and processes influencing population distribution and dynamics. While such work is common in terrestrial systems, fewer examples exist in marine applications. This disparity likely exists because the replicate samples required by these models to account for imperfect detection are often impractical to obtain when surveying aquatic organisms, particularly fishes. We employ simultaneous sampling using fish traps and novel underwater camera observations to generate the requisite replicate samples for occupancy models of red snapper, a reef fish species. Since the replicate samples are collected simultaneously by multiple sampling devices, many typical problems encountered when obtaining replicate observations are avoided. Our results suggest that augmenting traditional fish trap sampling with camera observations not only doubled the probability of detecting red snapper in reef habitats off the Southeast coast of the United States, but supplied the necessary observations to infer factors influencing population distribution and abundance while accounting for imperfect detection. We found that detection probabilities tended to be higher for camera traps than traditional fish traps. Furthermore, camera trap detections were influenced by the current direction and turbidity of the water, indicating that collecting data on these variables is important for future monitoring. These models indicate that the distribution and abundance of this species is more heavily influenced by latitude and depth than by micro-scale reef characteristics lending credence to previous characterizations of red snapper as a reef habitat generalist. This study demonstrates the utility of simultaneous sampling devices, including camera traps, in aquatic environments to inform occupancy models and account for imperfect detection when describing factors influencing fish population distribution and dynamics.
C1 [Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.; Bacheler, Nathan M.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
[Coggins, Lewis G., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Delta Natl Wildlife Refuge, Bethel, AK USA.
[Gwinn, Daniel C.] Univ Florida, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Gwinn, Daniel C.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Program Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Coggins, LG (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Beaufort, NC 28516 USA.
EM lewis_coggins@fws.gov
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 26
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 25
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e108302
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0108302
PG 14
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AT3UZ
UT WOS:000344862300070
PM 25255325
ER
PT J
AU Viain, A
Savard, JPL
Gilliland, S
Perry, MC
Guillemette, M
AF Viain, Anouck
Savard, Jean-Pierre L.
Gilliland, Scott
Perry, Matthew C.
Guillemette, Magella
TI Do Seaducks Minimise the Flightless Period?: Inter- and Intra-Specific
Comparisons of Remigial Moult
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WHITE-CROWNED SPARROWS; EIDERS SOMATERIA-SPECTABILIS; STARLINGS
STURNUS-VULGARIS; WING MOLT; FEATHER GROWTH; COMMON EIDERS; BODY-MASS;
ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; NUTRITIONAL STRESS; HARLEQUIN DUCKS
AB Remigial moult is one of the crucial events in the annual life cycle of waterfowl as it is energetically costly, lasts several weeks, and is a period of high vulnerability due to flightlessness. In waterfowl, remigial moult can be considered as an energy-predation trade-off, meaning that heavier individuals would minimise the flightless period by increasing feather growth rate and energy expenditure. Alternatively, they could reduce body mass at the end of this period, thereby reducing wing-loading to increase flight capability. We studied timing of remigial moult, primary growth rates, flightlessness duration, and the pattern of body mass variation in 5 species of captive seaducks (Melanitta fusca, M. perspicillata, Clangula hyemalis, Histrionicus histrionicus, and Somateria mollissima) ranging in size from 0.5 to 2.0 kg. Their feather growth rates weakly increased with body mass (M-0.059) and no correlation was found at the intra-specific level. Consequently, heavier seaduck species and especially heavier individuals had a longer flightless period. Although birds had access to food ad libidum, body mass first increased then decreased, the latter coinciding with maximum feather growth rate. Level of body mass when birds regained flight ability was similar to level observed at the beginning of remigial moult, suggesting they were not using a strategic reduction of body mass to reduce the flightlessness duration. We suggest that the moulting strategy of seaducks may be the result of a compromise between using an intense moult strategy (simultaneous moult) and a low feather growth rate without prejudice to feather quality. Despite the controlled captive status of the studied seaducks, all five species as well as both sexes within each species showed timing of moult reflecting that of wild birds, suggesting there is a genetic component acting to shape moult timing within wild birds.
C1 [Viain, Anouck; Guillemette, Magella] Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Chim & Geog, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada.
[Savard, Jean-Pierre L.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol, Ste Foy, PQ, Canada.
[Gilliland, Scott] Environm Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, Sackville, NB, Canada.
[Perry, Matthew C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, USGS, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Viain, A (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Dept Biol Chim & Geog, Rimouski, PQ G5L 3A1, Canada.
EM anouck.viain@uqar.ca
FU Environment Canada; Fondation de l'Universite du Quebec a Rimouski;
Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC)
FX AV was partially financed during this project through Environment Canada
funding contribution and was supported by a grant from the Fondation de
l'Universite du Quebec a Rimouski. This study was funded through the
Environment Canada and the Canadian Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council (NSERC) discovery and equipment grants to MG. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 77
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 1
U2 9
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 24
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e107929
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107929
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AQ0SJ
UT WOS:000342492700058
PM 25251375
ER
PT J
AU Reich, PB
Luo, YJ
Bradford, JB
Poorter, H
Perry, CH
Oleksyn, J
AF Reich, Peter B.
Luo, Yunjian
Bradford, John B.
Poorter, Hendrik
Perry, Charles H.
Oleksyn, Jacek
TI Temperature drives global patterns in forest biomass distribution in
leaves, stems, and roots
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE allocation; biomass fraction; root:shoot; allometry; biogeography
ID CARBON DYNAMICS; NITROGEN MINERALIZATION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS;
RESOURCE LIMITATION; LEAF LONGEVITY; ALLOCATION; CLIMATE; PLANTS;
VEGETATION; FEEDBACKS
AB Whether the fraction of total forest biomass distributed in roots, stems, or leaves varies systematically across geographic gradients remains unknown despite its importance for understanding forest ecology and modeling global carbon cycles. It has been hypothesized that plants should maintain proportionally more biomass in the organ that acquires the most limiting resource. Accordingly, we hypothesize greater biomass distribution in roots and less in stems and foliage in increasingly arid climates and in colder environments at high latitudes. Such a strategy would increase uptake of soil water in dry conditions and of soil nutrients in cold soils, where they are at low supply and are less mobile. We use a large global biomass dataset (> 6,200 forests from 61 countries, across a 40 degrees C gradient in mean annual temperature) to address these questions. Climate metrics involving temperature were better predictors of biomass partitioning than those involving moisture availability, because, surprisingly, fractional distribution of biomass to roots or foliage was unrelated to aridity. In contrast, in increasingly cold climates, the proportion of total forest biomass in roots was greater and in foliage was smaller for both angiosperm and gymnosperm forests. These findings support hypotheses about adaptive strategies of forest trees to temperature and provide biogeographically explicit relationships to improve ecosystem and earth system models. They also will allow, for the first time to our knowledge, representations of root carbon pools that consider biogeographic differences, which are useful for quantifying whole-ecosystem carbon stocks and cycles and for assessing the impact of climate change on forest carbon dynamics.
C1 [Reich, Peter B.; Oleksyn, Jacek] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia.
[Luo, Yunjian] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Urban Environm, Key Lab Urban Environm & Hlth, Xiamen 361021, Peoples R China.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Poorter, Hendrik] Forschungszentrum Julich, IBG Plant Sci 2, D-52425 Julich, Germany.
[Perry, Charles H.] ARS, No Res Stn, US Dept, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Oleksyn, Jacek] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Dendrol, PL-62035 Kornik, Poland.
RP Reich, PB (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM preich@umn.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011; CAS, KLUEH/G-8978-2016; Poorter,
Hendrik/B-8062-2010; CAS, KLUEH-Cooperation/E-1148-2017;
OI Poorter, Hendrik/0000-0001-9900-2433; Perry, Charles/0000-0001-9377-5996
FU Wilderness Research Foundation; Institute on the Environment, University
of Minnesota; U.S. National Science Foundation [DEB-1234162]; US
Department of Agriculture Forest Service Northern Research Station;
Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05060102, XDA05050602]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [31200363]; National Science Center (Poland)
[2011/02/A/NZ9/00108]; Ministry of Science and Higher Education (Poland)
[N N304 375738]
FX We thank all whose work contributed to the data used herein. Funding was
provided by the Wilderness Research Foundation and the Institute on the
Environment, University of Minnesota; the U.S. National Science
Foundation (DEB-1234162); the US Department of Agriculture Forest
Service Northern Research Station; the Strategic Priority Program of the
Chinese Academy of Sciences Grants XDA05060102 and XDA05050602; National
Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 31200363; National Science
Center (Poland) Grant 2011/02/A/NZ9/00108; and Ministry of Science and
Higher Education (Poland) Grant N N304 375738.
NR 50
TC 27
Z9 30
U1 17
U2 131
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD SEP 23
PY 2014
VL 111
IS 38
BP 13721
EP 13726
DI 10.1073/pnas.1216053111
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP3PC
UT WOS:000341988200026
PM 25225412
ER
PT J
AU Meinert, LD
AF Meinert, Lawrence D.
TI Land and Wine The French Terroir
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Meinert, Lawrence D.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Meinert, LD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM lmeinert@usgs.gov
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 19
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6203
BP 1459
EP 1459
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP0LM
UT WOS:000341752900027
ER
PT J
AU Hubbard, D
Gischler, E
Davies, P
Montaggioni, L
Camoin, G
Dullo, WC
Storlazzi, C
Field, M
Fletcher, C
Grossman, E
Sheppard, C
Lescinsky, H
Fenner, D
McManus, J
Scheffers, S
AF Hubbard, Dennis
Gischler, Eberhard
Davies, Peter
Montaggioni, Lucien
Camoin, Gilbert
Dullo, Wolf-Christian
Storlazzi, Curt
Field, Michael
Fletcher, Charles
Grossman, Eric
Sheppard, Charles
Lescinsky, Halard
Fenner, Douglas
McManus, John
Scheffers, Sander
TI Island outlook: Warm and swampy
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Letter
ID REEF ISLANDS; GROWTH
C1 [Hubbard, Dennis] Oberlin Coll, Dept Geol, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
[Gischler, Eberhard] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Inst Geowissensch, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Davies, Peter] Univ Sydney, Sch Geosci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
[Montaggioni, Lucien] Aix Marseille Univ, CEREGE, CNRS, UMR 7330,Ctr St Charles, F-13331 Marseille, France.
[Camoin, Gilbert] Aix Marseille Univ, CEREGE, UMR 7330, CNRS, F-13545 Aix En Provence, France.
[Dullo, Wolf-Christian] Helmholtz Zentrum Ozeanforsch Kiel, GEOMAR, Ozeanzirkulat & Klimadynam FB1, D-24148 Kiel, Germany.
[Storlazzi, Curt; Field, Michael] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Fletcher, Charles] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Grossman, Eric] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Sheppard, Charles] Univ Warwick, Sch Life Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Lescinsky, Halard] Otterbein Univ, Dept Biol & Earth Sci, Westerville, OH 43081 USA.
[Fenner, Douglas] Ocean Associates, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA.
[McManus, John] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Natl Ctr Coral Reef Res, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Scheffers, Sander] So Cross Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia.
RP Hubbard, D (reprint author), Oberlin Coll, Dept Geol, Oberlin, OH 44074 USA.
EM dennis.hubbard@oberlin.edu
RI Dullo, Wolf-Christian/O-2679-2014
NR 10
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 19
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 345
IS 6203
BP 1461
EP 1461
PG 1
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP0LM
UT WOS:000341752900029
PM 25237093
ER
PT J
AU Pervez, MS
Henebry, GM
AF Pervez, Md Shahriar
Henebry, Geoffrey M.
TI Projections of the Ganges-Brahmaputra precipitation Downscaled from GCM
predictors
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Precipitation projections; Ganges-Brahmaputra; Statistical downscaling;
SDSM; Climate change; GCM predictors
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; INDIAN-SUMMER MONSOON; UPPER INDUS BASIN;
UNCERTAINTY ANALYSIS; WATER-RESOURCES; RIVER-BASIN; VARIABILITY; MODEL;
FLOW; VULNERABILITY
AB Downscaling Global Climate Model (GCM) projections of future climate is critical for impact studies. Downscaling enables use of GCM experiments for regional scale impact studies by generating regionally specific forecasts connecting global scale predictions and regional scale dynamics. We employed the Statistical Downscaling Model (SDSM) to downscale 21st century precipitation for two data-sparse hydrologically challenging river basins in South Asia-the Ganges and the Brahmaputra. We used CGCM3.1 by Canadian Center for Climate Modeling and Analysis version 3.1 predictors in downscaling the precipitation. Downscaling was performed on the basis of established relationships between historical Global Summary of Day observed precipitation records from 43 stations and National Center for Environmental Prediction re-analysis large scale atmospheric predictors. Although the selection of predictors was challenging during the set-up of SDSM, they were found to be indicative of important physical forcings in the basins. The precipitation of both basins was largely influenced by geopotential height: the Ganges precipitation was modulated by the U component of the wind and specific humidity at 500 and 1000 h Pa pressure levels; whereas, the Brahmaputra precipitation was modulated by the V component of the wind at 850 and 1000 h Pa pressure levels. The evaluation of the SDSM performance indicated that model accuracy for reproducing precipitation at the monthly scale was acceptable, but at the daily scale the model inadequately simulated some daily extreme precipitation events. Therefore, while the downscaled precipitation may not be the suitable input to analyze future extreme flooding or drought events, it could be adequate for analysis of future freshwater availability. Analysis of the CGCM3.1 downscaled precipitation projection with respect to observed precipitation reveals that the precipitation regime in each basin may be significantly impacted by climate change. Precipitation during and after the monsoon is likely to increase in both basins under the A1B and A2 emission scenarios; whereas, the pre-monsoon precipitation is likely to decrease. Peak monsoon precipitation is likely to shift from July to August, and may impact the livelihoods of large rural populations linked to subsistence agriculture in the basins. Uncertainty analysis of the downscaled precipitation indicated that the uncertainty in the downscaled precipitation was less than the uncertainty in the original CGCM3.1 precipitation; hence, the CGCM3.1 downscaled precipitation was a better input for the regional hydrological impact studies. However, downscaled precipitation from multiple GCMs is suggested for comprehensive impact studies. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/).
C1 [Pervez, Md Shahriar] Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, US Geol Survey, ASRC Fed InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Pervez, Md Shahriar; Henebry, Geoffrey M.] S Dakota State Univ, GSCE, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Pervez, MS (reprint author), Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, US Geol Survey, ASRC Fed InuTeq, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM spervez@usgs.gov; geoffrey.henebry@sdstate.edu
OI Henebry, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8999-2709
FU U.S. Agency for International Development Famine Early Warning Systems
Network; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); Geospatial Sciences Center of
Excellence at South Dakota State University
FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. Agency for International
Development Famine Early Warning Systems Network agreement with the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS), and in part by the Geospatial Sciences Center
of Excellence at South Dakota State University. We thank these agencies
for their support. We sincerely thank Dr. Miliaritiana Robjhon of NOAA
Center for Weather and Climate Prediction for guiding our processing of
the wind data. We are also thankful to Dr. Gabriel Senay, Dr. James P.
Verdin, James Rowland and Michael Budde at USGS Earth Resources
Observation and Science Center for suggestions made throughout the
research and during the preparation of the manuscript. We greatly
appreciate the astute comments made by the anonymous reviewers, and
technical comments and edits by USGS reviewers, which helped us improve
the manuscript considerably. We also thank and acknowledge the Data
Access Integration (DAL http://quebec.ccsn.ca/DAI/) Team for providing
the CGCM3.1 predictor data and technical support, and National Climatic
Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina for providing station data. The
DAI data download gateway is made possible through collaboration among
the Global Environmental and Climate Change Centre (GEC3), the
Adaptation and Impacts Research Division (AIRD) of Environment Canada,
and the Drought Research Initiative (DRI). The Ouranos Consortium (in
Quebec) also provides IT support to the DAI team. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 7
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 517
BP 120
EP 134
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.016
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AO0CP
UT WOS:000340977000011
ER
PT J
AU DeWeber, JT
Wagner, T
AF DeWeber, Jefferson Tyrell
Wagner, Tyler
TI A regional neural network ensemble for predicting mean daily river water
temperature
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Water temperature; Neural network; River; Stream; Ensemble; Regional
prediction
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; STREAM TEMPERATURES; UNITED-STATES; BROOK TROUT;
SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; APPALACHIAN TROUT; AIR
TEMPERATURES; THERMAL REGIME; NATIVE RANGE
AB Water temperature is a fundamental property of river habitat and often a key aspect of river resource management, but measurements to characterize thermal regimes are not available for most streams and rivers. As such, we developed an artificial neural network (ANN) ensemble model to predict mean daily water temperature in 197,402 individual stream reaches during the warm season (May-October) throughout the native range of brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis in the eastern U.S. We compared four models with different groups of predictors to determine how well water temperature could be predicted by climatic, landform, and land cover attributes, and used the median prediction from an ensemble of 100 ANNs as our final prediction for each model. The final model included air temperature, landform attributes and forested land cover and predicted mean daily water temperatures with moderate accuracy as determined by root mean squared error (RMSE) at 886 training sites with data from 1980 to 2009 (RMSE = 1.91 degrees C). Based on validation at 96 sites (RMSE = 1.82) and separately for data from 2010 (RMSE = 1.93), a year with relatively warmer conditions, the model was able to generalize to new stream reaches and years. The most important predictors were mean daily air temperature, prior 7 day mean air temperature, and network catchment area according to sensitivity analyses. Forest land cover at both riparian and catchment extents had relatively weak but clear negative effects. Predicted daily water temperature averaged for the month of July matched expected spatial trends with cooler temperatures in headwaters and at higher elevations and latitudes. Our ANN ensemble is unique in predicting daily temperatures throughout a large region, while other regional efforts have predicted at relatively coarse time steps. The model may prove a useful tool for predicting water temperatures in sampled and unsampled rivers under current conditions and future projections of climate and land use changes, thereby providing information that is valuable to management of river ecosystems and biota such as brook trout. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [DeWeber, Jefferson Tyrell] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP DeWeber, JT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 413 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM jtdeweber@gmail.com; txw19@psu.edu
RI Zhang, Jianming/A-2994-2011
OI Zhang, Jianming/0000-0001-7053-7696
FU U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center
FX We thank the following individuals and agencies for generous
contributions of water temperature data: Andy Dollof, Anthony Raburn of
the Georgia DNR, Joan Trial of the Maine DMR, John Sweka of the USFWS
Northeast Fishery Center, Mark Hudy, the Maryland DNR Monitoring and
Non-tidal Assessment Division, Neal Hagstrom of the Connecticut DEEP,
the New Hamphsire FGC, Rich Kern of the Vermont FWD, Roy Martin, Steve
Means of the Pennsylvania DEP, the Susquehana River Basin Commission,
Tamara Smith, and the Wood-Pawcatuck Watershed Association. We would
also like to thank J. Olden and three anonymous reviewers for
constructive comments on a previous version of this manuscript, as well
as all members of the Fish Habitat, Climate, and Land Use Change group
for support and ideas leading to this manuscript. Data included in this
document were provided by the Maryland Department of Natural Resources
Monitoring and Non-tidal Assessment Division. Funding for this research
was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and
Wildlife Science Center. Any use of trade, firm, or product names if for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 75
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 517
BP 187
EP 200
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.035
PG 14
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AO0CP
UT WOS:000340977000016
ER
PT J
AU Paces, JB
Wurster, FC
AF Paces, James B.
Wurster, Frederic C.
TI Natural uranium and strontium isotope tracers of water sources and
surface water-groundwater interactions in arid wetlands - Pahranagat
Valley, Nevada, USA
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Arid wetlands; Geochemistry; Environmental isotopes; Sr-87/Sr-86;
U-234/U-238; Hydrologic sources
ID ROCK INTERACTION; U-SERIES; RIVER; FRACTIONATION; GEOCHEMISTRY; RATIOS;
BASIN; FLOW; SR; SR-87/SR-86
AB Near-surface physical and chemical process can strongly affect dissolved-ion concentrations and stable-isotope compositions of water in wetland settings, especially under arid climate conditions. In contrast, heavy radiogenic isotopes of strontium (Sr-87/Sr-86,) and uranium (U-234/U-238) remain largely unaffected and can be used to help identify unique signatures from different sources and quantify end-member mixing that would otherwise be difficult to determine. The utility of combined Sr and U isotopes are demonstrated in this study of wetland habitats on the Pahranagat National Wildlife Refuge, which depend on supply from large-volume springs north of the Refuge, and from small-volume springs and seeps within the Refuge. Water budgets from these sources have not been quantified previously. Evaporation, transpiration, seasonally variable surface flow, and water management practices complicate the use of conventional methods for determining source contributions and mixing relations. In contrast, Sr-87/Sr-86 and U-234/U-238 remain unfractionated under these conditions, and compositions at a given site remain constant. Differences in Sr- and U-isotopic signatures between individual sites can be related by simple two- or three-component mixing models. Results indicate that surface flow constituting the Refuge's irrigation source consists of a 65:25:10 mixture of water from two distinct regionally sourced carbonate-aquifer springs, and groundwater from locally sourced volcanic aquifers. Within the Refuge, contributions from the irrigation source and local groundwater are readily determined and depend on proximity to those sources as well as water management practices. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Paces, James B.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr MS963, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Wurster, Frederic C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Suffolk, VA 23434 USA.
RP Paces, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr MS963, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
EM jbpaces@usgs.gov; fred_wurster@fws.gov
FU Southern Nevada Public Lands Management Act Round 6
FX This study was supported by funding from the Southern Nevada Public
Lands Management Act Round 6. The authors wish to thank Kiyoto Futa,
Loretta Kwak, Thomas Oliver, Cayce Gulbransen, Leonid Neymark, Craig
Johnson, and Craig Stricker for assistance in collecting chemical and
isotope data, and James King, Chris Morris, and Jim Docktor for
collecting hydrologic data. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Technical reviews by Leigh Justet, Philippe Negrel, and an
anonymous reviewer helped improve the quality of the manuscript and are
greatly appreciated by the authors.
NR 79
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 51
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 517
BP 213
EP 225
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.011
PG 13
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AO0CP
UT WOS:000340977000018
ER
PT J
AU Hassan, SMT
Lubczynski, MW
Niswonger, RG
Su, ZB
AF Hassan, S. M. Tanvir
Lubczynski, Maciek W.
Niswonger, Richard G.
Su, Zhongbo
TI Surface-groundwater interactions in hard rocks in Sardon Catchment of
western Spain: An integrated modeling approach
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface-groundwater interactions; Hard rock aquifer; Water balance;
GSFLOW integrated hydrologic model; Recharge; Groundwater
evapotranspiration
ID WATER STORAGE CAPACITY; SAP FLOW MEASUREMENTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RICHARDS
EQUATION; SOLUTE TRANSPORT; UNSATURATED FLOW; HYDRAULIC LIFT;
SOIL-MOISTURE; POROUS-MEDIA; OAK
AB The structural and hydrological complexity of hard rock systems (HRSs) affects dynamics of surface-groundwater interactions. These complexities are not well described or understood by hydrogeologists because simplified analyses typically are used to study HRSs. A transient, integrated hydrologic model (IHM) GSFLOW (Groundwater and Surface water FLOW) was calibrated and post-audited using 18 years of daily groundwater head and stream discharge data to evaluate the surface-groundwater interactions in semi-arid, similar to 80 km(2) granitic Sardon hilly catchment in Spain characterized by shallow water table conditions, relatively low storage, dense drainage networks and frequent, high intensity rainfall. The following hydrological observations for the Sardon Catchment, and more generally for HRSs were made: (i) significant bi-directional vertical flows occur between surface water and groundwater throughout the HRSs; (ii) relatively large groundwater recharge represents 16% of precipitation (P, 562 mm.y(-1)) and large groundwater exfiltration (similar to 11% of P) results in short groundwater flow paths due to a dense network of streams, low permeability and hilly topographic relief; deep, long groundwater flow paths constitute a smaller component of the water budget (similar to 1% of P); quite high groundwater evapotranspiration (similar to 5% of P and similar to 7% of total evapotranspiration); low permeability and shallow soils are the main reasons for relatively large components of Hortonian flow and interflow (15% and 11% of P, respectively); (iii) the majority of drainage from the catchment leaves as surface water; (iv) declining 18 years trend (4.44 mm.y(-1)) of groundwater storage; and (v) large spatio-temporal variability of water fluxes. This IHM study of HRSs provides greater understanding of these relatively unknown hydrologic systems that are widespread throughout the world and are important for water resources in many regions. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hassan, S. M. Tanvir; Lubczynski, Maciek W.; Su, Zhongbo] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, Dept Water Resources, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
[Niswonger, Richard G.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
RP Lubczynski, MW (reprint author), Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, Dept Water Resources, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
EM m.w.lubczynski@utwente.nl
RI Su, Z. (Bob)/D-4383-2009
FU European Union; ITC research fund; U.S. Geological Survey's Groundwater
Resources Program through the Office of Groundwater
FX The research was jointly supported by a PhD scholarship of European
Union's Erasmus Mundus External Cooperation Window (EMMA lot 12) and ITC
research fund. Funding for the third author was provided by U.S.
Geological Survey's Groundwater Resources Program through the Office of
Groundwater. We would like to thank Alain P. Frances for his help,
discussion and useful comments in preparing this manuscript. We would
also like to thank Dennis W. Risser, Groundwater Specialist of
Pennsylvania Water Science Center of U.S. Geological Survey for very
helpful comments that undoubtedly improved the manuscript. Finally, two
anonymous reviewers of the journal are greatly acknowledged as they made
many critical suggestions that undoubtedly improved the quality of the
final version of the manuscript.
NR 71
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 5
U2 53
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 517
BP 390
EP 410
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.026
PG 21
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AO0CP
UT WOS:000340977000034
ER
PT J
AU Niswonger, RG
Allander, KK
Jeton, AE
AF Niswonger, Richard G.
Allander, Kip K.
Jeton, Anne E.
TI Collaborative modelling and integrated decision support system analysis
of a developed terminal lake basin
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Terminal lake salinization; Integrated hydrologic modeling;
Collaborative modeling; Surface water/groundwater interaction
ID WATER-RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; RIVER-BASIN; WALKER LAKE;
CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK; GROUNDWATER MODEL; PLANNING-MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
SURFACE-WATER; PART 1; FLOW
AB A terminal lake basin in west-central Nevada, Walker Lake, has undergone drastic change over the past 90 yrs due to upstream water use for agriculture. Decreased inflows to the lake have resulted in 100 km(2) decrease in lake surface area and a total loss of fisheries due to salinization. The ecologic health of Walker Lake is of great concern as the lake is a stopover point on the Pacific route for migratory birds from within and outside the United States. Stakeholders, water institutions, and scientists have engaged in collaborative modeling and the development of a decision support system that is being used to develop and analyze management change options to restore the lake. Here we use an integrated management and hydrologic model that relies on state-of-the-art simulation capabilities to evaluate the benefits of using integrated hydrologic models as components of a decision support system. Nonlinear feedbacks among climate, surface-water and groundwater exchanges, and water use present challenges for simulating realistic outcomes associated with management change. Integrated management and hydrologic modeling provides a means of simulating benefits associated with management change in the Walker River basin where drastic changes in the hydrologic landscape have taken place over the last century. Through the collaborative modeling process, stakeholder support is increasing and possibly leading to management change options that result in reductions in Walker Lake salt concentrations, as simulated by the decision support system. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Niswonger, Richard G.; Allander, Kip K.] US Geol Survey, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
RP Niswonger, RG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 2730 Deer Run Rd, Carson City, NV 89701 USA.
EM rniswon@usgs.gov; kalland@usgs.gov; aejeton@aol.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program through
the Office of Groundwater
FX Support for the first author was provided by the U.S. Geological
Survey's (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program through the Office of
Groundwater. Support for the second and third authors was provided by
the Bureau of Reclamation's Desert Terminal Lakes Program and National
Fish and Wildlife Foundation's Walker basin Restoration Program. The
authors would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their comments
that greatly improved this manuscript.
NR 68
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 517
BP 521
EP 537
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.05.043
PG 17
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AO0CP
UT WOS:000340977000044
ER
PT J
AU Singh, R
Archfield, SA
Wagener, T
AF Singh, R.
Archfield, S. A.
Wagener, T.
TI Identifying dominant controls on hydrologic parameter transfer from
gauged to ungauged catchments - A comparative hydrology approach
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Rainfall runoff modeling; Parameter transfer; Ungauged catchment;
Classification and regression trees; Streamflow signatures; Predictions
in ungauged basins
ID RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS; LANDSCAPE REGIONS; WATER-BALANCE; UNITED-STATES;
BASE-FLOW; REGIONALIZATION; CLASSIFICATION; UNCERTAINTY; PREDICTIONS;
CALIBRATION
AB Daily streamflow information is critical for solving various hydrologic problems, though observations of continuous streamflow for model calibration are available at only a small fraction of the world's rivers. One approach to estimate daily streamflow at an ungauged location is to transfer rainfall-runoff model parameters calibrated at a gauged (donor) catchment to an ungauged (receiver) catchment of interest. Central to this approach is the selection of a hydrologically similar donor. No single metric or set of metrics of hydrologic similarity have been demonstrated to consistently select a suitable donor catchment. We design an experiment to diagnose the dominant controls on successful hydrologic model parameter transfer. We calibrate a lumped rainfall-runoff model to 83 stream gauges across the United States. All locations are USGS reference gauges with minimal human influence. Parameter sets from the calibrated models are then transferred to each of the other catchments and the performance of the transferred parameters is assessed. This transfer experiment is carried out both at the scale of the entire US and then for six geographic regions. We use classification and regression tree (CART) analysis to determine the relationship between catchment similarity and performance of transferred parameters. Similarity is defined using physical/climatic catchment characteristics, as well as streamflow response characteristics (signatures such as baseflow index and runoff ratio). Across the entire US, successful parameter transfer is governed by similarity in elevation and climate, and high similarity in streamflow signatures. Controls vary for different geographic regions though. Geology followed by drainage, topography and climate constitute the dominant similarity metrics in forested eastern mountains and plateaus, whereas agricultural land use relates most strongly with successful parameter transfer in the humid plains. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Singh, R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Archfield, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Wagener, T.] Univ Bristol, Dept Civil Engn, Bristol, Avon, England.
RP Singh, R (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Earth & Environm Syst Inst, 217F EES Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM rus197@psu.edu; sarch@usgs.gov; thorsten.wagener@bristol.ac.uk
RI Wagener, Thorsten/C-2062-2008;
OI Wagener, Thorsten/0000-0003-3881-5849; Singh, Riddhi/0000-0002-1670-1229
FU EPA STAR Early Career Award [R834196]; Office of Science (BER), US
Department of Energy [DE-FG02-08ER64641]; U.S. Geological Survey New
England Water Science Center; Department of the Interior WaterSMART
program
FX Partial support for Riddhi Singh and Thorsten Wagener was provided by an
EPA STAR Early Career Award (R834196) and by the Office of Science
(BER), US Department of Energy, Grant No. DE-FG02-08ER64641. Any
opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
study are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views
of the funding institutions listed above. Support for Stacey Archfield
was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey New England Water Science
Center and the Department of the Interior WaterSMART program. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 45
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 34
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP 19
PY 2014
VL 517
BP 985
EP 996
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2014.06.030
PG 12
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA AO0CP
UT WOS:000340977000082
ER
PT J
AU Croteau, MN
Misra, SK
Luoma, SN
Valsami-Jones, E
AF Croteau, Marie-Noele
Misra, Superb K.
Luoma, Samuel N.
Valsami-Jones, Eugenia
TI Bioaccumulation and Toxicity of CuO Nanoparticles by a Freshwater
Invertebrate after Waterborne and Dietborne Exposures
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; COPPER NANOPARTICLES;
PSEUDOKIRCHNERIELLA-SUBCAPITATA; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; SILVER
NANOPARTICLES; DIETARY EXPOSURES; ISOTOPE TRACERS; DISSOLVED CU; BULK
ZNO
AB The incidental ingestion of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) can be an important route of uptake for aquatic organisms. Yet, knowledge of dietary bioavailability and toxicity of NPs is scarce. Here we used isotopically modified copper oxide (65CuO) NPs to characterize the processes governing their bioaccumulation in a freshwater snail after waterborne and dietborne exposures. Lymnaea stagnalis efficiently accumulated 65Cu after aqueous and dietary exposures to 65CuO NPs. Cu assimilation efficiency and feeding rates averaged 83% and 0.61 g g(1) d(1) at low exposure concentrations (<100 nmol g(1)), and declined by nearly 50% above this concentration. We estimated that 8090% of the bioaccumulated 65Cu concentration in L. stagnalis originated from the 65CuO NPs, suggesting that dissolution had a negligible influence on Cu uptake from the NPs under our experimental conditions. The physiological loss of 65Cu incorporated into tissues after exposures to 65CuO NPs was rapid over the first days of depuration and not detectable thereafter. As a result, large Cu body concentrations are expected in L. stagnalis after exposure to CuO NPs. To the degree that there is a link between bioaccumulation and toxicity, dietborne exposures to CuO NPs are likely to elicit adverse effects more readily than waterborne exposures.
C1 [Croteau, Marie-Noele; Luoma, Samuel N.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Misra, Superb K.; Valsami-Jones, Eugenia] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Luoma, Samuel N.] Univ Calif Davis, John Muir Inst Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Croteau, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mcroteau@usgs.gov
RI Valsami-Jones, Eva/I-1736-2016
FU joint US-EPA [RD-834557501-0 USGS]; UK-NERC [NE/F005008/1]; Toxic
Substance Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; EU [262163]
FX We are grateful to Dan Cain for reviewing the manuscript. The authors
also acknowledge funding from the joint US-EPA and UK-NERC Research
Program Grant RD-834557501-0 USGS and NE/F005008/1, respectively. MNC
acknowledges the Toxic Substance Hydrology Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey and SKM acknowledges QualityNano
(http://www.qnano-ri.eu) from the EU-FP7 Capacities Programme
FP7/2007-2013 under Grant Agreement No. 262163. Any use of trade, firm,
or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 8
U2 86
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 16
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 18
BP 10929
EP 10937
DI 10.1021/es5018703
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP1BN
UT WOS:000341801500049
PM 25110983
ER
PT J
AU Kraus, JM
Walters, DM
Wesner, JS
Stricker, CA
Schmidt, TS
Zuellig, RE
AF Kraus, Johanna M.
Walters, David M.
Wesner, Jeff S.
Stricker, Craig A.
Schmidt, Travis S.
Zuellig, Robert E.
TI Metamorphosis Alters Contaminants and Chemical Tracers in Insects:
Implications for Food Webs
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DISPAR L LYMANTRIIDAE; TERRESTRIAL ENVIRONMENTS; METAL BIOACCUMULATION;
ION CHARACTERISTICS; AQUATIC INSECTS; PCBS; FLUX; BIOCONCENTRATION;
TOXICITY; NITROGEN
AB Insects are integral to most freshwater and terrestrial food webs, but due to their accumulation of environmental pollutants they are also contaminant vectors that threaten reproduction, development, and survival of consumers. Metamorphosis from larvae to adult can cause large chemical changes in insects, altering contaminant concentrations and fractionation of chemical tracers used to establish contaminant biomagnification in food webs, but no framework exists for predicting and managing these effects. We analyzed data from 39 studies of 68 analytes (stable isotopes and contaminants), and found that metamorphosis effects varied greatly. delta N-15, widely used to estimate relative trophic position in biomagnification studies, was enriched by similar to 1 parts per thousand during metamorphosis, while delta C-13 used to estimate diet, was similar in larvae and adults. Metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were predominantly lost during metamorphosis leading to similar to 2 to 125-fold higher larval concentrations and higher exposure risks for predators of larvae compared to predators of adults. In contrast, manufactured organic contaminants (such as polychlorinated biphenyls) were retained and concentrated in adults, causing up to similar to 3-fold higher adult concentrations and higher exposure risks to predators of adult insects. Both food web studies and contaminant management and mitigation strategies need to consider how metamorphosis affects the movement of materials between habitats and ecosystems, with special regard for aquatic-terrestrial linkages.
C1 [Kraus, Johanna M.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, MS Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kraus, Johanna M.; Walters, David M.; Stricker, Craig A.; Schmidt, Travis S.; Zuellig, Robert E.] USGS, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Wesner, Jeff S.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
[Schmidt, Travis S.; Zuellig, Robert E.] USGS, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kraus, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, MS Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jkraus@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Research Fellowship; USGS Mineral
Resources Program; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes
Restoration Initiative grant
FX This project was funded by a U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Research
Fellowship to J.M.K., the USGS Mineral Resources Program, and U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes Restoration Initiative grant
to D.M.W. We thank P. Leipzig-Scott for data entry and J. Monroe
(Freshwaters Illustrated) for figure design. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 7
U2 52
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 16
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 18
BP 10957
EP 10965
DI 10.1021/es502970b
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AP1BN
UT WOS:000341801500052
PM 25136925
ER
PT J
AU Meattey, DE
Savoy, L
Beuth, J
Pau, N
O'Brien, K
Osenkowski, J
Regan, K
Lasorsa, B
Johnson, I
AF Meattey, Dustin E.
Savoy, Lucas
Beuth, Josh
Pau, Nancy
O'Brien, Kathleen
Osenkowski, Jason
Regan, Kevin
Lasorsa, Brenda
Johnson, Ian
TI Elevated mercury levels in a wintering population of common eiders
(Somateria mollissima) in the northeastern United States
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Common eider; Sea ducks; Mercury; Blood; Contaminants; Mollusks
ID MUSSELS MYTILUS-EDULIS; AMERICAN SEA DUCKS; BERGEN HARBOR AREA;
TRACE-ELEMENTS; HEAVY-METALS; KING EIDERS; MACOMA-BALTHICA; WESTERN
NORWAY; ALEUTIAN CHAIN; NEW-BRUNSWICK
AB In North America and Europe, sea ducks are important indicators of ecological health and inshore marine pollution. To explore spatial variation in mercury accumulation in common eiders in the northeastern United States, we compared concentrations of total mercury in common eider blood at several New England locations between 1998 and 2013. Eider food items (mollusks) were collected and analyzed to determine if mercury concentrations in eider blood were indicative of local mercury bioavailability. Eiders from Plum Island Sound, MA had a significantly higher mean blood mercury concentration (0.83 mu g/g) than those in other locations. Mean mercury levels in this population were also nearly three times higher than any blood mercury concentrations reported for common eiders in published literature. We observed consistent patterns in eider blood mercury and blue mussel mercury concentrations between sites, suggesting a tentative predictive quality between the two species. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meattey, Dustin E.; Savoy, Lucas; Regan, Kevin; Johnson, Ian] Biodivers Res Inst, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
[Beuth, Josh; Osenkowski, Jason] Rhode Isl Dept Environm Management, West Kingston, RI 02892 USA.
[Pau, Nancy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Parker River NWR, Newburyport, MA 01950 USA.
[O'Brien, Kathleen] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson NWR, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
[Lasorsa, Brenda] Battelle Marine Sci Lab, Sequim, WA 98382 USA.
RP Meattey, DE (reprint author), Biodivers Res Inst, 652 Main St, Gorham, ME 04038 USA.
EM dustin.meattey@briloon.org
FU Parker River National Wildlife Refuge; Rachel Carson National Wildlife
Refuge and Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge; University of Rhode
Island; Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management; USFWS
Region 5
FX The authors would like to thank the staff at Parker River National
Wildlife Refuge and Rachel Carson National Wildlife Refuge for their
invaluable help in assisting field efforts, providing access to refuge
property and resources, and funding support. The University of Rhode
Island and Rhode Island Department of Environmental Management also
provided funding and field support for sample collection. Funding for
Boston Harbor capture efforts was provide by USFWS Region 5. We would
like to thank Dr. Jon Atwood, Dr. lain Stenhouse, Oksana Lane, David
Yates, and Alishia Zyer for providing helpful comments and direction on
early drafts of this paper. Thanks to Evan Adams for providing valuable
assistance with statistical analyses and interpretation. Lastly, we
would like to thank many past and current Biodiversity Research
Institute biologists for their tireless efforts in the field. Thanks to
Michael Chickering, Pedro Ardapple, Rick Gray, Patrick Keenan, Chris
Niven, David Yates, Robby Lambert, Casey Huck, and Chris DeSorbo. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service.
NR 61
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 1-2
BP 229
EP 237
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.015
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5PC
UT WOS:000342860100037
PM 25066457
ER
PT J
AU Casazza, ML
Ricca, MA
Overton, CT
Takekawa, JY
Merritt, AM
Ackerman, JT
AF Casazza, Michael L.
Ricca, Mark A.
Overton, Cory T.
Takekawa, John Y.
Merritt, Angela M.
Ackerman, Joshua T.
TI Dietary mercury exposure to endangered California Clapper Rails in San
Francisco Bay
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Endangered species; Hg; Invertebrate; Tidal marsh
ID RALLUS-LONGIROSTRIS-OBSOLETUS; FORAGE FISH; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; FOOD
WEBS; SPACE USE; SEDIMENTS; ESTUARY; BIOACCUMULATION; BIOAVAILABILITY;
CONTAMINATION
AB California Clapper Rails (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) are an endangered waterbird that forage in tidal-marsh habitats that pose risks from mercury exposure. We analyzed total mercury (Hg) in six macro-invertebrate and one fish species representing Clapper Rail diets from four tidal-marshes in San Francisco Bay, California. Mercury concentrations among individual taxa ranged from lowest at Colma Creek (mean range: 0.09-0.2 mu g/g dw) to highest at Cogswell (0.2-0.7), Laumeister (0.2-0.9) and Arrowhead Marshes (0.3-1.9). These spatial patterns for Hg matched patterns reported previously in Clapper Rail blood from the same four marshes. Over 25% of eastern mudsnails (Ilyanassa obsolete) and staghorn sculpin (Leptocottus armatus) exceeded dietary Hg concentrations (ww) often associated with avian reproductive impairment. Our results indicate that Hg concentrations vary considerably among tidal-marshes and diet taxa, and Hg concentrations of prey may provide an appropriate proxy for relative exposure risk for Clapper Rails. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Casazza, Michael L.; Ricca, Mark A.; Overton, Cory T.; Merritt, Angela M.; Ackerman, Joshua T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
RP Casazza, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM mike_casazza@usgs.gov
OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 7;
California Coastal Conservatory, Invasive Spartina Project, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service's Coastal Program; U.S. Geological Surveys Western
Ecological Research Center; USGS Environmental Health Mission Area
Contaminant Biology Program
FX Funding for this research was provided through the Science Support and
Quick Response Programs administered jointly by the U.S. Geological
Survey and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 7. Additional support
was provided by the California Coastal Conservatory, Invasive Spartina
Project, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Coastal Program, the U.S.
Geological Surveys Western Ecological Research Center, and the USGS
Environmental Health Mission Area Contaminant Biology Program. We thank
Tobias Rohmer, Jeffrey Lewis, and, Whitney Thornton for assistance with
field collections, R. Keister for Hg laboratory analyses, and M. Herzog
for data management. We thank Glenn Wylie, Julie Yee, and an anonymous
reviewer for constructive comments on previous manuscript drafts. Use of
trade, product, or firm names in the publication are for descriptive
purposes only and do imply endorsement by U.S. Government.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 5
U2 21
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 1-2
BP 254
EP 260
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.07.009
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AQ5PC
UT WOS:000342860100040
PM 25066452
ER
PT J
AU Chestnut, T
Anderson, C
Popa, R
Blaustein, AR
Voytek, M
Olson, DH
Kirshtein, J
AF Chestnut, Tara
Anderson, Chauncey
Popa, Radu
Blaustein, Andrew R.
Voytek, Mary
Olson, Deanna H.
Kirshtein, Julie
TI Heterogeneous Occupancy and Density Estimates of the Pathogenic Fungus
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Waters of North America
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS; UNITED-STATES;
GLOBAL BIODIVERSITY; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; AQUATIC COMMUNITIES; ALVEOLATE
PATHOGEN; ENVIRONMENTAL DNA; SP-NOV; CLIMATE
AB Biodiversity losses are occurring worldwide due to a combination of stressors. For example, by one estimate, 40% of amphibian species are vulnerable to extinction, and disease is one threat to amphibian populations. The emerging infectious disease chytridiomycosis, caused by the aquatic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), is a contributor to amphibian declines worldwide. Bd research has focused on the dynamics of the pathogen in its amphibian hosts, with little emphasis on investigating the dynamics of free-living Bd. Therefore, we investigated patterns of Bd occupancy and density in amphibian habitats using occupancy models, powerful tools for estimating site occupancy and detection probability. Occupancy models have been used to investigate diseases where the focus was on pathogen occurrence in the host. We applied occupancy models to investigate free-living Bd in North American surface waters to determine Bd seasonality, relationships between Bd site occupancy and habitat attributes, and probability of detection from water samples as a function of the number of samples, sample volume, and water quality. We also report on the temporal patterns of Bd density from a 4-year case study of a Bd-positive wetland. We provide evidence that Bd occurs in the environment year-round. Bd exhibited temporal and spatial heterogeneity in density, but did not exhibit seasonality in occupancy. Bd was detected in all months, typically at less than 100 zoospores L-1. The highest density observed was similar to 3 million zoospores L-1. We detected Bd in 47% of sites sampled, but estimated that Bd occupied 61% of sites, highlighting the importance of accounting for imperfect detection. When Bd was present, there was a 95% chance of detecting it with four samples of 600 ml of water or five samples of 60 mL. Our findings provide important baseline information to advance the study of Bd disease ecology, and advance our understanding of amphibian exposure to free-living Bd in aquatic habitats over time.
C1 [Chestnut, Tara] Oregon State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Chestnut, Tara; Anderson, Chauncey] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
[Popa, Radu] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Blaustein, Andrew R.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Voytek, Mary] Natl Aeronaut & Space Adm Headquarters, Astrobiol Program, Washington, DC USA.
[Olson, Deanna H.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Kirshtein, Julie] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Chestnut, T (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Environm Sci Grad Program, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM chestnut@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation [0948041]; US Forest Service Pacific
Northwest Research Station; US Geological Survey Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative (ARMI)
FX Support was provided by the National Science Foundation GK-12 Graduate
STEM Fellows in K-12 Education Program (Award #0948041) to TC, US Forest
Service Pacific Northwest Research Station and US Geological Survey
Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). The funders had no
role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish,
or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 113
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 56
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e106790
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106790
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP0SR
UT WOS:000341774800026
PM 25222122
ER
PT J
AU Erickson, WP
Wolfe, MM
Bay, KJ
Johnson, DH
Gehring, JL
AF Erickson, Wallace P.
Wolfe, Melissa M.
Bay, Kimberly J.
Johnson, Douglas H.
Gehring, Joelle L.
TI A Comprehensive Analysis of Small-Passerine Fatalities from Collision
with Turbines at Wind Energy Facilities
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; AVIAN MORTALITY; BIRD MORTALITY; CANADA; IMPACT; RIDGE;
BATS
AB Small passerines, sometimes referred to as perching birds or songbirds, are the most abundant bird group in the United States (US) and Canada, and the most common among bird fatalities caused by collision with turbines at wind energy facilities. We used data compiled from 116 studies conducted in the US and Canada to estimate the annual rate of small-bird fatalities. It was necessary for us to calculate estimates of small-bird fatality rates from reported all-bird rates for 30% of studies. The remaining 70% of studies provided data on small-bird fatalities. We then adjusted estimates to account for detection bias and loss of carcasses from scavenging. These studies represented about 15% of current operating capacity (megawatts [MW]) for all wind energy facilities in the US and Canada and provided information on 4,975 bird fatalities, of which we estimated 62.5% were small passerines comprising 156 species. For all wind energy facilities currently in operation, we estimated that about 134,000 to 230,000 small-passerine fatalities from collision with wind turbines occur annually, or 2.10 to 3.35 small birds/MW of installed capacity. When adjusted for species composition, this indicates that about 368,000 fatalities for all bird species are caused annually by collisions with wind turbines. Other human-related sources of bird deaths, (e.g., communication towers, buildings [including windows]), and domestic cats) have been estimated to kill millions to billions of birds each year. Compared to continent-wide population estimates, the cumulative mortality rate per year by species was highest for black-throated blue warbler and tree swallow; 0.043% of the entire population of each species was estimated to annually suffer mortality from collisions with turbines. For the eighteen species with the next highest values, this estimate ranged from 0.008% to 0.038%, much lower than rates attributed to collisions with communication towers (1.2% to 9.0% for top twenty species).
C1 [Erickson, Wallace P.; Wolfe, Melissa M.; Bay, Kimberly J.] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
[Johnson, Douglas H.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN USA.
[Gehring, Joelle L.] FCC, Washington, DC USA.
RP Erickson, WP (reprint author), Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
EM werickson@west-inc.com
FU American Wind Wildlife Institute
FX Funding for this research was provided by the American Wind Wildlife
Institute (http://www.awwi.org). The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, or preparation of the manuscript.
Taber Allison, AWWI Director of Research and Evaluation, reviewed the
manuscript and participated in the decision to publish.
NR 58
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 97
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e107491
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107491
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP0SR
UT WOS:000341774800076
PM 25222738
ER
PT J
AU Porritt, RW
Allen, RM
Pollitz, FF
AF Porritt, Robert W.
Allen, Richard M.
Pollitz, Fred F.
TI Seismic imaging east of the Rocky Mountains with USArray
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE seismology; geophysics; Wyoming Province; Llano Province; Deep Farallon
slab
ID TRANSPORTABLE ARRAY DATA; TRAVEL-TIME TOMOGRAPHY; BENEATH NORTH-AMERICA;
WESTERN UNITED-STATES; FARALLON PLATE; PHASE-TRANSITION; WAVE
TOMOGRAPHY; JOINT INVERSION; SIERRA-NEVADA; LOWER MANTLE
AB USArray has facilitated significant advancement in tomographic models and methodologies. While there persists a fundamental tradeoff between horizontal and vertical resolution due to the components of the wave train analyzed, advances in joint inversions are continuing to refine the tomographic images generated with USArray. The DNA13 model incorporates teleseismic P observations, independent SH and SV observations, and surface-wave phase velocities from both teleseismic earthquakes and ambient noise to constrain the relative wave-speed from the crust down into the lower mantle. We address the validity of our models through forward prediction of observables and compare the predictive power of the DNA13 models to other models. In the shallow portion of DNA13, we image the Archean age Wyoming Province, which exhibits evidence of ocean closure at its northern and southern ends. The Llano Province in Central Texas is of Grenville age and still contains lithospheric evidence of subduction as the province accreted to North America. Comparison of these two provinces highlights the role of fossil slabs as part of the cratonic architecture. Analysis of the deep portion of the models highlights variations within the Farallon plate, including two distinct high wave-speed anomalies in the eastern U.S. and a shallow feature in the center of these two anomalies. We propose this is evidence of an oceanic plateau, which provides the necessary positive buoyancy to promote flat-slab subduction of the Farallon plate. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Porritt, Robert W.; Allen, Richard M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Pollitz, Fred F.] USGS, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
RP Porritt, RW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM rob@seismo.berkeley.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0643077, EAR-0745934]
FX All figures were made with Generic Mapping Tools (GMT). We'd like to
thank IRIS and Earthscope for the USArray dataset. We'd like to thank
Robert Smith for sharing relative delay times for the Yellowstone
network (after Waite et al., 2006). We'd also like to thank UC Berkeley
undergraduate Jenny Taing for helping derive arrival time measurements.
We thank Shu-Huei Hung and Mathias Obrebski for continued use of
software and the rest of the UC Berkeley regional imaging group (Cheng
Cheng, William Hawley, Qingkai Kong, and Robert Martin Short) for
continuing discussion on early versions of this manuscript. This
manuscript was improved by comments from two anonymous reviewers. This
work was funded by National Science Foundation grants EAR-0643077 and
EAR-0745934.
NR 67
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 29
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 402
SI SI
BP 16
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.10.034
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AO4VW
UT WOS:000341340500003
ER
PT J
AU Pollitz, FF
Mooney, WD
AF Pollitz, Fred F.
Mooney, Walter D.
TI Seismic structure of the Central US crust and shallow upper mantle:
Uniqueness of the Reelfoot Rift
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE seismic surface waves; mantle; New Madrid Seismic Zone
ID NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI EMBAYMENT; SURFACE-WAVE TOMOGRAPHY; PHASE-VELOCITY;
UNITED-STATES; INTRAPLATE EARTHQUAKES; STRESS-CONCENTRATION; SUBDUCTION
ZONES; ANCIENT RIFT; WESTERN US; MODEL
AB Using seismic surface waves recorded with Earthscope's Transportable Array, we apply surface wave imaging to determine 3D seismic velocity in the crust and uppermost mantle. Our images span several Proterozoic and early Cambrian rift zones (Mid-Continent Rift, Rough Creek Graben Rome trough, Birmingham trough, Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen, and Reelfoot Rift). While ancient rifts are generally associated with low crustal velocity because of the presence of thick sedimentary sequences, the Reelfoot Rift is unique in its association with low mantle seismic velocity. Its mantle low-velocity zone (LVZ) is exceptionally pronounced and extends down to at least 200 km depth. This LVZ is of variable width, being relatively narrow (-50 km wide) within the northern Reelfoot Rift, which hosts the New Madrid Seismic Zone (NMSZ). We hypothesize that this mantle volume is weaker than its surroundings and that the Reelfoot Rift consequently has relatively low elastic plate thickness, which would tend to concentrate tectonic stress within this zone. No other intraplate ancient rift zone is known to be associated with such a deep mantle low-velocity anomaly, which suggests that the NMSZ is more susceptible to external stress perturbations than other ancient rift zones. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Pollitz, Fred F.; Mooney, Walter D.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Pollitz, FF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM fpollitz@usgs.gov; mooney@usgs.gov
NR 84
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 402
SI SI
BP 157
EP 166
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.05.042
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AO4VW
UT WOS:000341340500017
ER
PT J
AU Bedrosian, PA
Feucht, DW
AF Bedrosian, Paul A.
Feucht, Daniel W.
TI Structure and tectonics of the northwestern United States from Earth
Scope USArray magnetotelluric data
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnetotellurics; EarthScope; USArray; tectonic evolution; Laurentian
margin; Siletz terrane
ID SOUTHERN WASHINGTON CASCADES; YELLOWSTONE HOTSPOT TRACK; SIERRA-NEVADA;
FORE-ARC; ASTHENOSPHERE INTERACTION; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; QUATERNARY
FAULTS; SUBDUCTION ZONE; RANGE PROVINCE; OREGON
AB The magnetotelluric component of the EarthScope USArray program has covered over 35% of the continental United States. Resistivity tomography models derived from these data image lithospheric structure and provide constraints on the distribution of fluids and melt within the lithosphere. We present a three-dimensional resistivity model of the northwestern United States which provides new insight into the tectonic assembly of western North America from the Archean to present. Comparison with seismic tomography models reveals regions of correlated and anti-correlated resistivity and velocity that help identify thermal and compositional variations within the lithosphere. Recent (Neogene) tectonic features reflected in the model include the subducting Juan de Fuca-Gorda plate which can be traced beneath the forearc to more than 100 km depth, high lithospheric conductivity along the Snake River Plain, and pronounced lower-crustal and upper-mantle conductivity beneath the Basin and Range. The latter is abruptly terminated to the northwest by the Klamath-Blue Mountains Lineament, which we interpret as an important structure during and since the Mesozoic assembly of the region. This boundary is interpreted to separate hot extended lithosphere from colder, less extended lithosphere. The western edge of Proterozoic North America, as indicated by the Cretaceous initial Sr-87/Sr-86 = 0.706 contour, is clearly reflected in the resistivity model. We further image an Archean crustal block ("Pend Oreille block") straddling the Washington/Idaho border, which we speculate separated from the Archean Medicine Hat block in the Proterozoic. Finally, in the modern Cascades forearc, the geometry and internal structure of the Eocene Siletz terrane is reflected in the resistivity model. The apparent eastern edge of the Siletz terrane under the Cascades arc suggests that pre-Tertiary rocks fill the Washington and Oregon back-arc. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Bedrosian, Paul A.; Feucht, Daniel W.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Feucht, Daniel W.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Bedrosian, PA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM pbedrosian@usgs.gov
NR 99
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 10
U2 45
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 402
SI SI
BP 275
EP 289
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2013.07.035
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AO4VW
UT WOS:000341340500028
ER
PT J
AU Kurth, VJ
Bradford, JB
Slesak, RA
D'Amato, AW
AF Kurth, Valerie J.
Bradford, John B.
Slesak, Robert A.
D'Amato, Anthony W.
TI Initial soil respiration response to biomass harvesting and green-tree
retention in aspen-dominated forests of the Great Lakes region
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Forest aggregate; Populus tremuloides; Slash retention; Stem-only
harvest; Whole-tree harvest
ID NORTHERN HARDWOOD FOREST; GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE; CO2 EFFLUX;
PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; PINE PLANTATION; CLEAR-CUT; TEMPERATURE SENSITIVITY;
INTERANNUAL VARIATION; COMPETING VEGETATION; SEASONAL PATTERNS
AB Contemporary forest management practices are increasingly designed to optimize novel objectives, such as maximizing biomass feedstocks and/or maintaining ecological legacies, but many uncertainties exist regarding how these practices influence forest carbon (C) cycling. We examined the responses of soil respiration (R-s) to biomass harvesting and green-tree retention in an effort to empirically assess their impacts on C cycling. We measured R-s and soil microclimatic variables over four growing seasons following implementation of these management practices using a fully replicated, operational-scale experiment in aspen-dominated forests in northern Minnesota. Treatments included three levels of biomass removal within harvested areas: whole-tree harvest (no slash deliberately retained), 20% slash retained, and stem-only harvest (all slash retained), and two levels of green-tree retention: 0.1 ha aggregate or none. The relative amount of biomass removed had a negligible effect on R-s in harvested areas, but treatment effects were probably obscured by heterogeneous slash configurations and rapid post-harvest regeneration of aspen in all of the treatments. Discrete measurements of R-s and soil temperature within green-tree aggregates were not discernible from surrounding harvested areas or unharvested control stands until the fourth year following harvest, when R-s was higher in unharvested controls than in aggregates and harvested stands. Growing season estimates of R-s showed that unharvested control stands had higher R-s than both harvested stands and aggregates in the first and third years following harvest. Our results suggest that retention of larger forest aggregates may be necessary to maintain ecosystem-level responses similar to those in unharvested stands. Moreover, they highlight the innate complexity of operational-scale research and suggest that the initial impacts of biomass harvest on R-s may be indiscernible from traditional harvest in systems where incidental breakage is high. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kurth, Valerie J.; D'Amato, Anthony W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Slesak, Robert A.] Minnesota Forest Resources Council, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Kurth, VJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, 1530 Cleveland Ave N, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM vjkurth@umn.edu; jbradford@usgs.gov; raslesak@umn.edu; damato@umn.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
FU Minnesota Forest Resources Council; USDA/DOE Biomass Research
Development Initiative; Minnesota Environment and Natural Resources
Trust Fund
FX We would like to express gratitude to the St. Louis County Land
Department and the Minnesota Department of Natural Resources for
providing field sites as well as administrative and technical support.
This research was supported by the Minnesota Forest Resources Council,
USDA/DOE Biomass Research Development Initiative, and Minnesota
Environment and Natural Resources Trust Fund. We thank Josh Kragthorpe
and Kirby Budrow for valuable logistical support, and we thank Jodi
Forrester and two anonymous reviewers for their comments on the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 82
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 328
BP 342
EP 352
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2014.05.052
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA AO4VS
UT WOS:000341340100036
ER
PT J
AU Tosi, F
Capria, MT
De Sanctis, MC
Combe, JP
Zambon, F
Nathues, A
Schroder, SE
Li, JY
Palomba, E
Longobardo, A
Blewett, DT
Denevi, BW
Palmer, E
Capaccioni, F
Ammannito, E
Titus, TM
Mittlefehldt, DW
Sunshine, JM
Russell, CT
Raymond, CA
AF Tosi, F.
Capria, M. T.
De Sanctis, M. C.
Combe, J. -Ph
Zambon, F.
Nathues, A.
Schroeder, S. E.
Li, J. -Y.
Palomba, E.
Longobardo, A.
Blewett, D. T.
Denevi, B. W.
Palmer, E.
Capaccioni, F.
Ammannito, E.
Titus, T. M.
Mittlefehldt, D. W.
Sunshine, J. M.
Russell, C. T.
Raymond, C. A.
CA Dawn VIR Team
TI Thermal measurements of dark and bright surface features on Vesta as
derived from Dawn/VIR
SO ICARUS
LA English
DT Article
DE Asteroids, surfaces; Asteroid Vesta; Spectrophotometry; Infrared
observations
ID ASTEROID 4 VESTA; HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE; FRAMING CAMERA; 21 LUTETIA;
IMAGES; REGOLITH; SUBMILLIMETER; HETEROGENEITY; SPECTRA; SHAPE
AB Remote sensing data acquired during Dawn's orbital mission at Vesta showed several local concentrations of high-albedo (bright) and low-albedo (dark) material units, in addition to spectrally distinct meteorite impact ejecta. The thermal behavior of such areas seen at local scale (1-10 km) is related to physical properties that can provide information about the origin of those materials. We use Dawn's Visible and Infra-Red (VIR) mapping spectrometer hyperspectral data to retrieve surface temperatures and emissivities, with high accuracy as long as temperatures are greater than 220 K. Some of the dark and bright features were observed multiple times by VIR in the various mission phases at variable spatial resolution, illumination and observation angles, local solar time, and heliocentric distance. This work presents the first temperature maps and spectral emissivities of several kilometer-scale dark and bright material units on Vesta. Results retrieved from the infrared data acquired by VIR show that bright regions generally correspond to regions with lower temperature, while dark regions correspond to areas with higher temperature. During maximum daily insolation and in the range of heliocentric distances explored by Dawn, i.e. 2.23-2.54 AU, the warmest dark unit found on Vesta rises to a temperature of 273 K, while bright units observed under comparable conditions do not exceed 266 K. Similarly, dark units appear to have higher emissivity on average compared to bright units. Dark-material units show a weak anticorrelation between temperature and albedo, whereas the relation is stronger for bright material units observed under the same conditions. Individual features may show either evanescent or distinct margins in the thermal images, as a consequence of the cohesion of the surface material. Finally, for the two categories of dark and bright materials, we were able to highlight the influence of heliocentric distance on surface temperatures, and estimate an average temperature rate change of 1% following a variation of 0.04 AU in the solar distance. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tosi, F.; Capria, M. T.; De Sanctis, M. C.; Zambon, F.; Palomba, E.; Longobardo, A.; Capaccioni, F.; Ammannito, E.] INAF IAPS Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
[Combe, J. -Ph] Bear Fight Inst, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA.
[Nathues, A.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37191 Katlenburg Lindau, Germany.
[Schroeder, S. E.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Inst Planetary Res, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Li, J. -Y.; Palmer, E.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Blewett, D. T.; Denevi, B. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Titus, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Mittlefehldt, D. W.] NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Sunshine, J. M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Astron, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Raymond, C. A.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Raymond, C. A.] CALTECH, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
RP Tosi, F (reprint author), INAF IAPS Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziali, Via Fosso Cavaliere 100, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
EM federico.tosi@iaps.inaf.it
RI Blewett, David/I-4904-2012; Schroder, Stefan/D-9709-2013; Denevi,
Brett/I-6502-2012;
OI Capaccioni, Fabrizio/0000-0003-1631-4314; Palomba,
Ernesto/0000-0002-9101-6774; Tosi, Federico/0000-0003-4002-2434; Zambon,
Francesca/0000-0002-4190-6592; Blewett, David/0000-0002-9241-6358;
Schroder, Stefan/0000-0003-0323-8324; Denevi, Brett/0000-0001-7837-6663;
capria, maria teresa/0000-0002-9814-9588; De Sanctis, Maria
Cristina/0000-0002-3463-4437
FU Italian Space Agency (ASI), ASI-INAF [I/004/12/0]; NASA Dawn at Vesta
Participating Scientist program
FX This work was supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI), ASI-INAF
Contract I/004/12/0. The authors would like to thank the Dawn Science,
Operation and Instrument Teams for a successful Dawn at Vesta mission.
Several of the authors received support from the NASA Dawn at Vesta
Participating Scientist program. The VIR instrument was developed under
the leadership of INAF, Italy's National Institute for Astrophysics,
Rome. The instrument was built by SELEX-Galileo, Florence, Italy. We
thank Sharon Uy for her assistance in revising the manuscript, and two
anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. We warmly thank Robert
Gaskell (PSI) for providing a detailed shape model of Vesta that was
used in this work. Dawn datasets are publicly available at the Planetary
Data System Small Bodies Node (http://pdssbn.astro.umd.edu/). The
computational resources used in this research have been supplied by
INAF-IAPS through the DataWell project.
NR 57
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0019-1035
EI 1090-2643
J9 ICARUS
JI Icarus
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 240
SI SI
BP 36
EP 57
DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2014.03.017
PG 22
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA AO2QY
UT WOS:000341171500004
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Yule, DL
Chernyak, SM
Begnoche, LJ
Berglund, EK
Isaac, EJ
AF Madenjian, Charles P.
Yule, Daniel L.
Chernyak, Sergei M.
Begnoche, Linda J.
Berglund, Eric K.
Isaac, Edmund J.
TI Males exceed females in PCB concentrations of cisco (Coregonus artedi)
from Lake Superior
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Activity; Consumption advisories; Gross growth efficiency; Lake herring;
Planktivore; Standard metabolic rate
ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONCENTRATIONS; WALLEYE STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM;
TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; BURBOT LOTA-LOTA; SEXUAL DIFFERENCE;
GREAT-LAKES; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; FISH; POPULATION; DYNAMICS
AB We determined whole-fish polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations of 25 male and 25 female age-7 ciscoes (Coregonus artedi) captured from a spawning aggregation in Thunder Bay, Lake Superior, during November 2010. We also determined PCB concentrations in the ovaries and somatic tissue of five additional female ciscoes (ages 5-22). All 55 of these ciscoes were in ripe or nearly ripe condition. Bioenergetics modeling was used to determine the contribution of the growth dilution effect toward a difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes, as females grew substantially faster than males. Results showed that the PCB concentration of males (mean = 141 ng/g) was 43% greater than that of females (mean = 98 ng/g), and this difference was highly significant (P < 0.0001). Mean PCB concentrations in the ovaries and the somatic tissue of the five females were 135 and 100 ng/g, respectively. Based on these PCB determinations for the ovaries and somatic tissue, we concluded that release of eggs by females at previous spawnings was not a contributing factor to the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes. Bioenergetics modeling results indicated that the growth dilution effect could explain males being higher than females in PCB concentration by only 3-7%. We concluded that the higher PCB concentration in males was most likely due to higher rate of energy expenditure, originating from greater activity and a higher resting metabolic rate. Mean PCB concentration in the cisco eggs was well below the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Ontario Ministry of Environment guidelines of 2000 and 844 ng/g, respectively, and this finding may have implications for the cisco roe fishery currently operating in Lake Superior. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.; Begnoche, Linda J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Yule, Daniel L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Super Biol Stn, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Chernyak, Sergei M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Berglund, Eric K.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Upper Great Lakes Management Unit Lake Super, Thunder Bay, ON P7E 6S8, Canada.
[Isaac, Edmund J.] Grand Portage Band Lake Super Chippewa, Portage, MN 55605 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov; dyule@usgs.gov; sergeic@umich.edu;
lbegnoche@usgs.gov; eric.berglund@ontario.ca; ejisaac@boreal.org
FU Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR); U.S. Geological Survey
Great Lakes Science Center
FX The collection of ciscoes for this study was funded cooperatively with
monies from the Canadian Ontario Agreement between the Ontario Ministry
of Natural Resources (OMNR) and the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes
Science Center. We thank the crew of the RN Kiyi for their help in the
field, the many OMNR employees who participated in the field collections
and the laboratory processing of the ciscoes, Jon Tost (North Shore
Environmental Services) for aging the ciscoes, Lei Huang and Dongyan Sun
(University of Michigan School of Public Health) for their assistance in
homogenizing the fish tissues, and Candy Schrank (Wisconsin Department
of Natural Resources) for reviewing a draft of the manuscript. Use of
trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government. This article is Contribution 1856 of the U. S. Geological
Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 40
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 493
BP 377
EP 383
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.06.007
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AN0ZH
UT WOS:000340312000040
PM 24954559
ER
PT J
AU Ip, HS
Wiley, MR
Long, R
Palacios, G
Shearn-Bochsler, V
Whitehouse, CA
AF Ip, Hon S.
Wiley, Michael R.
Long, Renee
Palacios, Gustavo
Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie
Whitehouse, Chris A.
TI Identification and characterization of Highlands J virus from a
Mississippi sandhill crane using unbiased next-generation sequencing
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Highlands J virus; Wildlife disease; Conservation; Pathogen discovery;
Next-generation sequencing; Rapid identification
ID EASTERN EQUINE ENCEPHALITIS; EGG-PRODUCTION; FLORIDA; ALPHAVIRUSES;
MORTALITY; ANTIBODY; BIRDS
AB Advances in massively parallel DNA sequencing platforms, commonly termed next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, have greatly reduced time, labor, and cost associated with DNA sequencing. Thus, NGS has become a routine tool for new viral pathogen discovery and will likely become the standard for routine laboratory diagnostics of infectious diseases in the near future. This study demonstrated the application of NGS for the rapid identification and characterization of a virus isolated from the brain of an endangered Mississippi sandhill crane. This bird was part of a population restoration effort and was found in an emaciated state several days after Hurricane Isaac passed over the refuge in Mississippi in 2012. Post-mortem examination had identified trichostrongyliasis as the possible cause of death, but because a virus with morphology consistent with a togavirus was isolated from the brain of the bird, an arboviral etiology was strongly suspected. Because individual molecular assays for several known arboviruses were negative, unbiased NGS by Illumina MiSeq was used to definitively identify and characterize the causative viral agent. Whole genome sequencing and phylogenetic analysis revealed the viral isolate to be the Highlands J virus, a known avian pathogen. This study demonstrates the use of unbiased NGS for the rapid detection and characterization of an unidentified viral pathogen and the application of this technology to wildlife disease diagnostics and conservation medicine. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Ip, Hon S.; Long, Renee; Whitehouse, Chris A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Wiley, Michael R.; Palacios, Gustavo; Shearn-Bochsler, Valerie] United States Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Genom Sci, Frederick, MD USA.
RP Ip, HS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Diagnost Virol Lab, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM hip@usgs.gov
RI Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015;
OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938; Ip, Hon/0000-0003-4844-7533
FU Department of the Interior's Ecosystems Program; Genomics Center-High
Speed Sequencing for Rapid Response and Countermeasure Development
[1881290 CB2851 (TMTI0021_09_RD_T)]
FX Work performed at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center was
supported, in part, by funding from the Department of the Interior's
Ecosystems Program. Work performed in the Genomics Center at USAMRIID
was supported by 1881290 CB2851 (TMTI0021_09_RD_T) Genomics Center-High
Speed Sequencing for Rapid Response and Countermeasure Development.
NR 24
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-0934
EI 1879-0984
J9 J VIROL METHODS
JI J. Virol. Methods
PD SEP 15
PY 2014
VL 206
BP 42
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.05.01
PG 4
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Virology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Virology
GA AM9RQ
UT WOS:000340219100007
PM 24880070
ER
PT J
AU Sadinski, W
Roth, M
Hayes, T
Jones, P
Gallant, A
AF Sadinski, Walt
Roth, Mark
Hayes, Tyrone
Jones, Perry
Gallant, Alisa
TI Indicators of the Statuses of Amphibian Populations and Their Potential
for Exposure to Atrazine in Four Midwestern US Conservation Areas
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; FROGS RANA-PIPIENS; DETECTION PROBABILITIES;
TREMATODE INFECTION; HABITAT LOSS; ABUNDANCE; FRAGMENTATION;
CONTAMINANTS; DECLINES; TRENDS
AB Extensive corn production in the midwestern United States has physically eliminated or fragmented vast areas of historical amphibian habitat. Midwestern corn farmers also apply large quantities of fertilizers and herbicides, which can cause direct and indirect effects on amphibians. Limited field research regarding the statuses of midwestern amphibian populations near areas of corn production has left resource managers, conservation planners, and other stakeholders needing more information to improve conservation strategies and management plans. We repeatedly sampled amphibians in wetlands in four conservation areas along a gradient of proximity to corn production in Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, and Wisconsin from 2002 to 2005 and estimated site occupancy. We measured frequencies of gross physical deformities in recent metamorphs and triazine concentrations in the water at breeding sites. We also measured trematode infection rates in kidneys of recently metamorphosed Lithobates pipiens collected from nine wetlands in 2003 and 2004. We detected all possible amphibian species in each study area. The amount of nearby row crops was limited in importance as a covariate for estimating site occupancy. We observed deformities in <5% of metamorphs sampled and proportions were not associated with triazine concentrations. Trematode infections were high in metamorphs from all sites we sampled, but not associated with site triazine concentrations, except perhaps for a subset of sites sampled in both years. We detected triazines more often and in higher concentrations in breeding wetlands closer to corn production. Triazine concentrations increased in floodplain wetlands as water levels rose after rainfall and were similar among lotic and lentic sites. Overall, our results suggest amphibian populations were not faring differently among these four conservation areas, regardless of their proximity to corn production, and that the ecological dynamics of atrazine exposure were complex.
C1 [Sadinski, Walt; Roth, Mark] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Hayes, Tyrone] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lab Integrat Studies Amphibian Biol Mol Toxicol, Energy & Resources Grp, Museum Vertebrate Zool,Grp Endocrinol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hayes, Tyrone] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Jones, Perry] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Water Sci Ctr, Mounds View, MN USA.
[Gallant, Alisa] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Sadinski, W (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM wsadinski@usgs.gov
OI Roth, Mark/0000-0001-5095-1865
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
and Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program; U.S. National Park
Service's Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Program; Park Water
Company; Mitchell Kapor Foundation; David Foundation; Cornell-Douglas
Foundation, Global Wallace Fund; Class of '43 Endowed Chair and Biology
Fellows Program at the University of California, Berkeley; Howard Hughes
Medical Institute
FX U.S. Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative
and Geographic Analysis and Monitoring Program; U.S. National Park
Service's Great Lakes Inventory and Monitoring Program; Park Water
Company; Mitchell Kapor Foundation; David Foundation; Cornell-Douglas
Foundation, Global Wallace Fund; Class of '43 Endowed Chair and Biology
Fellows Program at the University of California, Berkeley; Howard Hughes
Medical Institute. Funders had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 67
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 48
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 12
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e107018
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0107018
PG 21
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AP0SM
UT WOS:000341774300036
PM 25216249
ER
PT J
AU Collins, GH
Petersen, SL
Carr, CA
Pielstick, L
AF Collins, Gail H.
Petersen, Steven L.
Carr, Craig A.
Pielstick, Leon
TI Testing VHF/GPS Collar Design and Safety in the Study of Free-Roaming
Horses
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GPS COLLAR; HABITAT SELECTION; FERAL HORSES; PREDATION RISK; BOREAL
FOREST; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; TRACKING; CATTLE; DEER
AB Effective and safe monitoring techniques are needed by U. S. land managers to understand free-roaming horse behavior and habitat use and to aid in making informed management decisions. Global positioning system (GPS) and very high frequency (VHF) radio collars can be used to provide high spatial and temporal resolution information for detecting free-roaming horse movement. GPS and VHF collars are a common tool used in wildlife management, but have rarely been used for free-roaming horse research and monitoring in the United States. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the design, safety, and detachment device on GPS/VHF collars used to collect free-roaming horse location and movement data. Between 2009 and 2010, 28 domestic and feral horses were marked with commercial and custom designed VHF/GPS collars. Individual horses were evaluated for damage caused by the collar placement, and following initial observations, collar design was modified to reduce the potential for injury. After collar modifications, which included the addition of collar length adjustments to both sides of the collar allowing for better alignment of collar and neck shapes, adding foam padding to the custom collars to replicate the commercial collar foam padding, and repositioning the detachment device to reduce wear along the jowl, we observed little to no evidence of collar wear on horses. Neither custom-built nor commercial collars caused injury to study horses, however, most of the custom-built collars failed to collect data. During the evaluation of collar detachment devices, we had an 89% success rate of collar devices detaching correctly. This study showed that free-roaming horses can be safely marked with GPS and/or VHF collars with minimal risk of injury, and that these collars can be a useful tool for monitoring horses without creating a risk to horse health and wellness.
C1 [Collins, Gail H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lakeview, OR USA.
[Petersen, Steven L.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Serv, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Carr, Craig A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Anim & Range Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Petersen, SL (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Plant & Wildlife Serv, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM Steven_Petersen@byu.edu
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service; United States Bureau of Land
Management (BLM); Roaring Springs Ranch, Oregon State University;
Brigham Young University; Fish and Wildlife Service; BLM
FX Research was funded and supported by the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service, the United States Bureau of Land Management (BLM), the Roaring
Springs Ranch, Oregon State University, and Brigham Young University.
The Fish and Wildlife Service and BLM did provide funds for the purchase
of the GPS collars. These funds were allocated through budgets for the
purchase of this equipment. Those who provided the funds to Gail Collins
were not involved in this study. Funding sources at Brigham Young
University and Oregon State University had no role in study design, data
collection, and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 39
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 28
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 8
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e103189
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0103189
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO4JX
UT WOS:000341304700003
PM 25198704
ER
PT J
AU Card, DC
Schield, DR
Reyes-Velasco, J
Fujita, MK
Andrew, AL
Oyler-McCance, SJ
Fike, JA
Tomback, DF
Ruggiero, RP
Castoe, TA
AF Card, Daren C.
Schield, Drew R.
Reyes-Velasco, Jacobo
Fujita, Matthew K.
Andrew, Audra L.
Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Fike, Jennifer A.
Tomback, Diana F.
Ruggiero, Robert P.
Castoe, Todd A.
TI Two Low Coverage Bird Genomes and a Comparison of Reference-Guided
versus De Novo Genome Assemblies
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID HOMOMORPHIC SEX-CHROMOSOMES; GUNNISON SAGE-GROUSE; AVIAN GENOME; BLISTER
RUST; EVOLUTION; SEQUENCE; REVEALS; DISCOVERY; DIVERGENCE; LANDSCAPES
AB As a greater number and diversity of high-quality vertebrate reference genomes become available, it is increasingly feasible to use these references to guide new draft assemblies for related species. Reference-guided assembly approaches may substantially increase the contiguity and completeness of a new genome using only low levels of genome coverage that might otherwise be insufficient for de novo genome assembly. We used low-coverage (similar to 3.5-5.5x) Illumina paired-end sequencing to assemble draft genomes of two bird species (the Gunnison Sage-Grouse, Centrocercus minimus, and the Clark's Nutcracker, Nucifraga columbiana). We used these data to estimate de novo genome assemblies and reference-guided assemblies, and compared the information content and completeness of these assemblies by comparing CEGMA gene set representation, repeat element content, simple sequence repeat content, and GC isochore structure among assemblies. Our results demonstrate that even lower-coverage genome sequencing projects are capable of producing informative and useful genomic resources, particularly through the use of reference-guided assemblies.
C1 [Card, Daren C.; Schield, Drew R.; Reyes-Velasco, Jacobo; Fujita, Matthew K.; Andrew, Audra L.; Castoe, Todd A.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
[Oyler-McCance, Sara J.; Fike, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
[Tomback, Diana F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Integrat Biol, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
[Ruggiero, Robert P.] Univ Colorado, Dept Biochem & Mol Genet, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA.
RP Castoe, TA (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Biol, Arlington, TX 76019 USA.
EM todd.castoe@uta.edu
OI Card, Daren C./0000-0002-1629-5726
FU University of Texas at Arlington; CRISP Award; development funds
(University of Colorado Denver)
FX Support was provided from startup funds from the University of Texas at
Arlington to TAC (computational analysis) and from a CRISP Award and
development funds (University of Colorado Denver) to DFT and SJOM (data
generation). The funders had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 63
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 1
U2 11
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 5
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e106649
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106649
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AZ1IR
UT WOS:000347993600051
PM 25192061
ER
PT J
AU Curtis, JA
Flint, LE
Flint, AL
Lundquist, JD
Hudgens, B
Boydston, EE
Young, JK
AF Curtis, Jennifer A.
Flint, Lorraine E.
Flint, Alan L.
Lundquist, Jessica D.
Hudgens, Brian
Boydston, Erin E.
Young, Julie K.
TI Incorporating Cold-Air Pooling into Downscaled Climate Models Increases
Potential Refugia for Snow-Dependent Species within the Sierra Nevada
Ecoregion, CA
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; MOUNTAIN SNOWPACK; RIVER-BASIN;
CALIFORNIA; TEMPERATURE; WOLVERINE; ACCUMULATION; USA; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB We present a unique water-balance approach for modeling snowpack under historic, current and future climates throughout the Sierra Nevada Ecoregion. Our methodology uses a finer scale (270 m) than previous regional studies and incorporates cold-air pooling, an atmospheric process that sustains cooler temperatures in topographic depressions thereby mitigating snowmelt. Our results are intended to support management and conservation of snow-dependent species, which requires characterization of suitable habitat under current and future climates. We use the wolverine (Gulo gulo) as an example species and investigate potential habitat based on the depth and extent of spring snowpack within four National Park units with proposed wolverine reintroduction programs. Our estimates of change in spring snowpack conditions under current and future climates are consistent with recent studies that generally predict declining snowpack. However, model development at a finer scale and incorporation of cold-air pooling increased the persistence of April 1st snowpack. More specifically, incorporation of cold-air pooling into future climate projections increased April 1st snowpack by 6.5% when spatially averaged over the study region and the trajectory of declining April 1st snowpack reverses at mid-elevations where snow pack losses are mitigated by topographic shading and cold-air pooling. Under future climates with sustained or increased precipitation, our results indicate a high likelihood for the persistence of late spring snowpack at elevations above approximately 2,800 m and identify potential climate refugia sites for snow-dependent species at mid-elevations, where significant topographic shading and cold-air pooling potential exist.
C1 [Curtis, Jennifer A.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Eureka, CA 95501 USA.
[Flint, Lorraine E.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Flint, Alan L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Placer Hall, CA USA.
[Lundquist, Jessica D.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hudgens, Brian] Inst Wildlife Studies, Arcata, CA USA.
[Boydston, Erin E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Thousand Oaks, CA USA.
[Young, Julie K.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Logan, UT USA.
[Young, Julie K.] Utah State Univ, Wildland Resources Dept, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Curtis, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Eureka, CA 95501 USA.
EM jacurtis@usgs.gov
FU Park Oriented Biologic Support; National Park Service; United States
Geological Survey
FX Funding provided by Park Oriented Biologic Support, a program funded
jointly by the National Park Service and United States Geological
Survey. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 65
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 25
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 4
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e106984
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106984
PG 13
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO3XV
UT WOS:000341271500103
PM 25188379
ER
PT J
AU Herring, G
Eagles-Smith, CA
Gawlik, DE
Beerens, JM
Ackerman, JT
AF Herring, Garth
Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
Gawlik, Dale E.
Beerens, James M.
Ackerman, Joshua T.
TI Physiological Condition of Juvenile Wading Birds in Relation to Multiple
Landscape Stressors in the Florida Everglades: Effects of Hydrology,
Prey Availability, and Mercury Bioaccumulation
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID IBISES EUDOCIMUS-ALBUS; CORTICOSTERONE LEVELS; ARDEA-ALBUS; GREAT EGRET;
WHITE IBIS; SOUTHERN FLORIDA; METHYLMERCURY; EXPOSURE; PROTEINS; BLOOD
AB The physiological condition of juvenile birds can be influenced by multiple ecological stressors, and few studies have concurrently considered the effects of environmental contaminants in combination with ecological attributes that can influence foraging conditions and prey availability. Using three temporally distinct indices of physiological condition, we compared the physiological response of nestling great egrets (Ardea alba) and white ibises (Eudocimus albus) to changing prey availability, hydrology (water depth, recession rate), and mercury exposure in the Florida Everglades. We found that the physiological response of chicks varied between species and among environmental variables. Chick body condition (short-term index) and fecal corticosterone levels (medium-term) were influenced by wetland water depth, prey availability, region, and age, but not by mercury contamination. However, mercury exposure did influence heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in egret chicks, indicating a longer-term physiological response to contamination. Our results indicate that the physiological condition of egret and ibis chicks were influenced by several environmental stressors, and the time frame of the effect may depend on the specialized foraging behavior of the adults provisioning the chicks.
C1 [Herring, Garth; Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
[Gawlik, Dale E.; Beerens, James M.] Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
[Ackerman, Joshua T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA USA.
RP Herring, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM gherring@usgs.gov
FU Fish and Wildlife Service [401815G028]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Financial or inkind support was provided by the U.S. This work received
support from the Fish and Wildlife Service (grant/contract number:
401815G028) and U.S. Geological Survey. The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
NR 81
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 38
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 3
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR e106447
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0106447
PG 10
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA AO3TB
UT WOS:000341257700074
PM 25184221
ER
PT J
AU Rice, KC
Scanlon, TM
Lynch, JA
Cosby, BJ
AF Rice, Karen C.
Scanlon, Todd M.
Lynch, Jason A.
Cosby, Bernard J.
TI Decreased Atmospheric Sulfur Deposition across the Southeastern US: When
Will Watersheds Release Stored Sulfate?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ACIDIC DEPOSITION; WESTERN VIRGINIA;
ADSORPTION; STREAMS; ACIDIFICATION; CHEMISTRY; ECOSYSTEM; INPUTS; SITES
AB Emissions of sulfur dioxide (SO2) to the atmosphere lead to atmospheric deposition of sulfate (SO42-), which is the dominant strong acid anion causing acidification of surface waters and soils in the eastern United States. Since passage of the Clean Air Act and its Amendments, atmospheric deposition of SO2 in this region has declined by over 80%, but few corresponding decreases in streamwater SO42- concentrations have been observed in unglaciated watersheds. We calculated SO42- mass balances for 27 forested, unglaciated watersheds from Pennsylvania to Georgia, by using total atmospheric deposition (wet plus dry) as input. Many of these watersheds still retain SO42-, unlike their counterparts in the northeastern U.S. and southern Canada. Our analysis showed that many of these watersheds should convert from retaining to releasing SO42- over the next two decades. The specific years when the watersheds crossover from retaining to releasing SO42- correspond to a general geographical pattern of later net watershed release from north to south. The single most important variable that explained the crossover year was the runoff ratio, defined as the ratio of annual mean stream discharge to precipitation. Percent clay content and mean soil depth were secondary factors in predicting crossover year. The conversion of watersheds from net SO42- retention to release anticipates more widespread reductions in streamwater SO42- concentrations in this region.
C1 [Rice, Karen C.] Univ Virginia, US Geol Survey, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Rice, Karen C.; Scanlon, Todd M.; Cosby, Bernard J.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Lynch, Jason A.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Cosby, Bernard J.] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57, Gwynedd, Wales.
RP Rice, KC (reprint author), Univ Virginia, US Geol Survey, POB 400123, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
EM kcrice@usgs.gov
RI Rice, Karen/A-8945-2013; Cosby, Bernard/B-5653-2012;
OI Rice, Karen/0000-0002-9356-5443
FU National Park Service (NPS); National Science Foundation (NSF); U.S.
Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS); U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); NSF
[DEB-0823293]
FX We thank James Shanley (USGS) and the three journal reviewers for
helpful comments, which significantly improved the manuscript. We
recognize the federal agencies that funded collection of data used in
the analysis: National Park Service (NPS); National Science Foundation
(NSF); U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service (USFS); U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); and U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS); and the site contacts who graciously shared data: Brent
Aulenbach (USGS); James Lynch (PSU); Chelcy Miniat (USFS); Dean Tucker
(NPS); Rick Webb (UVa.); and Frederica Wood (USFS). This paper has not
been subjected to EPA peer and administrative review; therefore, the
conclusions and opinions contained herein are solely those of the
authors, and should not be construed to reflect the views of the EPA.
Data provided by the Coweeta Long Term Ecological Research Program
(LTER) were collected in the course of research supported by NSF award
DEB-0823293 from the LTER to the Coweeta LTER at the University of
Georgia. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations
expressed in the material are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the NSF or the University of Georgia.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 30
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 23
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 2
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 17
BP 10071
EP 10078
DI 10.1021/es501579s
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO3KY
UT WOS:000341229300018
PM 25046800
ER
PT J
AU Poulin, BA
Ryan, JN
Aiken, GR
AF Poulin, Brett A.
Ryan, Joseph N.
Aiken, George R.
TI Effects of Iron on Optical Properties of Dissolved Organic Matter
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EXCITATION-EMISSION MATRIX; FULVIC ACID INTERACTIONS; PARALLEL
FACTOR-ANALYSIS; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; HUMIC SUBSTANCES;
MOLECULAR-WEIGHT; ULTRAVIOLET ABSORBENCY; LIGHT-ABSORPTION;
OXIDATION-STATE; IONIC-STRENGTH
AB Iron is a source of interference in the spectroscopic analysis of dissolved organic matter (DOM); however, its effects on commonly employed ultraviolet and visible (UV-vis) light adsorption and fluorescence measurements are poorly defined. Here, we describe the effects of iron(II) and iron(III) on the UV-vis absorption and fluorescence of solutions containing two DOM fractions and two surface water samples. In each case, regardless of DOM composition, UV-vis absorption increased linearly with increasing iron(III). Correction factors were derived using iron(Ill) absorption coefficients determined at wavelengths commonly used to characterize DOM. Iron(III) addition increased specific UV absorbances (SUVA) and decreased the absorption ratios (E-2:E-3) and spectral slope ratios (S-R) of DOM samples. Both iron(II) and iron(III) quenched DOM fluorescence at pH 6.7. The degree and region of fluorescence quenching varied with the iron:DOC concentration ratio, DOM composition, and pH. Regions of the fluorescence spectra associated with greater DOM conjugation were more susceptible to iron quenching, and DOM fluorescence indices were sensitive to the presence of both forms of iron. Analyses of the excitation-emission matrices using a 7- and 13-component parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) model showed low PARAFAC sensitivity to iron addition.
C1 [Poulin, Brett A.; Ryan, Joseph N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Aiken, GR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM graiken@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program; Department of Energy
Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program [DE-SC0001766]
FX We acknowledge K. Butler for assistance with sample analysis and data
processing. This research was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey
National Research Program and the Department of Energy Subsurface
Biogeochemical Research Program (Grant DE-SC0001766). Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 53
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 9
U2 153
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 2
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 17
BP 10098
EP 10106
DI 10.1021/es502670r
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO3KY
UT WOS:000341229300021
PM 25084347
ER
PT J
AU Wesner, JS
Kraus, JM
Schmidt, TS
Walters, DM
Clements, WH
AF Wesner, J. S.
Kraus, J. M.
Schmidt, T. S.
Walters, D. M.
Clements, W. H.
TI Metamorphosis Enhances the Effects of Metal Exposure on the Mayfly,
Centroptilum triangulifer
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID EMERGING AQUATIC INSECTS; LIFE-CYCLE TEST; CHIRONOMUS-TENTANS; TOXICITY
TESTS; FOOD WEBS; ECOLOGICAL THRESHOLDS; STREAM; TERRESTRIAL; SUBSIDIES;
EMERGENCE
AB The response of larval aquatic insects to stressors such as metals is used to assess the ecological condition of streams worldwide. However, nearly all larval insects metamorphose from aquatic larvae to winged adults, and recent surveys indicate that adults may be a more sensitive indicator of stream metal toxicity than larvae. One hypothesis to explain this pattern is that insects exposed to elevated metal in their larval stages have a reduced ability to successfully complete metamorphosis. To test this hypothesis we exposed late-instar larvae of the mayfly, Centroptilum triangulifer, to an aqueous Zn gradient (32-476 mu g/L) in the laboratory. After 6 days of exposure, when metamorphosis began, larval survival was unaffected by zinc. However, Zn reduced wingpad development at concentrations above 139 mu g/L. In contrast, emergence of subimagos and imagos tended to decline with any increase in Zn. At Zn concentrations below 105 mu g/L (hardness-adjusted aquatic life criterion), survival between the wingpad and subimago stages declined 5-fold across the Zn gradient. These results support the hypothesis that metamorphosis may be a survival bottleneck, particularly in contaminated streams. Thus, death during metamorphosis may be a key mechanism explaining how stream metal contamination can impact terrestrial communities by reducing aquatic insect emergence.
C1 [Wesner, J. S.; Clements, W. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Wesner, J. S.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA.
[Kraus, J. M.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kraus, J. M.; Schmidt, T. S.; Walters, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Wesner, JS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Jeff.Wesner@usd.edu
RI Clements, William/N-2686-2016
FU Environmental Health program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank Lauren Hargis, Grete Wilson-Henjum, and Adam Gerstenberger for
assistance in water sampling and insect collection. This project was
funded in part by the Environmental Health program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. Comments by Dr. Joseph Suflita and two anonymous
reviewers greatly improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 49
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 39
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 2
PY 2014
VL 48
IS 17
BP 10415
EP 10422
DI 10.1021/es501914y
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AO3KY
UT WOS:000341229300058
PM 25093980
ER
PT J
AU Wood, N
Jones, J
Schelling, J
Schmidtlein, M
AF Wood, Nathan
Jones, Jeanne
Schelling, John
Schmidtlein, Mathew
TI Tsunami vertical-evacuation planning in the US Pacific Northwest as a
geospatial, multi-criteria decision problem
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunami; Multi-criteria decision analysis; Vertical evacuation;
Cascadia; Vulnerability
ID GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEMS
AB Tsunami vertical-evacuation (TVE) refuges can be effective risk-reduction options for coastal communities with local tsunami threats but no accessible high ground for evacuations. Deciding where to locate TVE refuges is a complex risk-management question, given the potential for conflicting stakeholder priorities and multiple, suitable sites. We use the coastal community of Ocean Shores (Washington, USA) and the local tsunami threat posed by Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes as a case study to explore the use of geospatial, multi-criteria decision analysis for framing the locational problem of TVE siting. We demonstrate a mixed-methods approach that uses potential TVE sites identified at community workshops, geospatial analysis to model changes in pedestrian evacuation times for TVE options, and statistical analysis to develop metrics for comparing population tradeoffs and to examine influences in decision making. Results demonstrate that no one TVE site can save all at-risk individuals in the community and each site provides varying benefits to residents, employees, customers at local stores, tourists at public venues, children at schools, and other vulnerable populations. The benefit of some proposed sites varies depending on whether or not nearby bridges will be functioning after the preceding earthquake. Relative rankings of the TVE sites are fairly stable under various criteria-weighting scenarios but do vary considerably when comparing strategies to exclusively protect tourists or residents. The proposed geospatial framework can serve as an analytical foundation for future TVE siting discussions. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wood, Nathan] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Jones, Jeanne] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schelling, John] State Washington Mil Dept, Emergency Management Div, Camp Murray, WA 98430 USA.
[Schmidtlein, Mathew] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Geog, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Wood, N (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM nwood@usgs.gov; jmjones@usgs.gov; John.Schelling@mil.wa.gov;
schmidtlein@csus.edu
OI Wood, Nathan/0000-0002-6060-9729
FU US Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change Science Program
FX This study was supported by the US Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change
Science Program. We thank Mara Tongue of the USGS, Peter Howe of Utah
State University, and three anonymous reviewers for their insightful
reviews of earlier versions of the article, Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 39
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-4209
J9 INT J DISAST RISK RE
JI Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 9
BP 68
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2014.04.009
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA CM5MW
UT WOS:000357733200007
ER
PT J
AU Brubaker, DR
Kovach, AI
Ducey, MJ
Jakubas, WJ
O'Brien, KM
AF Brubaker, Daniel R.
Kovach, Adrienne I.
Ducey, Mark J.
Jakubas, Walter J.
O'Brien, Kathleen M.
TI Factors Influencing Detection in Occupancy Surveys of a Threatened
Lagomorph
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE detection; lagomorph; monitoring; New England cottontail; occupancy;
patch; Sylvilagus transitionalis
ID NEW-ENGLAND COTTONTAILS; RABBITS ORYCTOLAGUS-CUNICULUS; ESTIMATING SITE
OCCUPANCY; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EARLY-SUCCESSIONAL FORESTS;
DETECTION PROBABILITIES; REMNANT POPULATIONS; SPOTLIGHT COUNTS; PATCH
OCCUPANCY; ABUNDANCE
AB Successful recovery of populations of rare and cryptic species requires accurate monitoring of changes in their distribution and densities, which in turn necessitates considering detection rates. Development of population monitoring protocols is needed to aid recovery of the New England cottontail (Sylvilagus transitionalis; currently the top-priority Species of Greatest Conservation Need in the northeastern United States), which lives in dense shrubby habitat and is difficult to detect. To address this need, we conducted repeated, systematic, presence-absence surveys to determine patch-specific detection probabilities and factors influencing detection of the New England cottontail. We surveyed cottontails during 2-6 visits on 30 sites with known occupancy in the northeastern United States during the winters of 2010 and 2011. For each survey visit, we determined whether cottontails were detected by the presence of fecal pellets on fresh fallen snow and subsequent species identification by genetic analysis. Detection probabilities were modeled in Program PRESENCE to explore the influence of snow condition and depth, temperature, wind, number of pellet deposition days, woody stem density, patch size, and search effort. The overall probability of detecting a New England cottontail during a single survey visit was 0.73. The most influential factor in detection was prior knowledge of site-specific cottontail activity. Snow depth <30.5 cm and the number of days without high winds following a snowfall had a positive influence on detection. Patch size had a negative effect on detection when surveys were restricted to 20 minutes. In the absence of prior knowledge, 2-3 surveys conducted with snowpack < 30.5 cm and 2-4 days after a snowfall without high wind should yield reliable occupancy status with 95% confidence in detection. Incorporating our recommendations into monitoring programs will improve the accuracy of patch-specific occupancy data for New England cottontail. Our approach and findings may be applicable to monitoring other rare, cryptic, or threatened species that occupy dense habitats, especially where patch-level occupancy knowledge is required. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Brubaker, Daniel R.; Kovach, Adrienne I.; Ducey, Mark J.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Jakubas, Walter J.] Maine Dept Inland Fisheries & Wildlife, Bangor, ME 04401 USA.
[O'Brien, Kathleen M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, Wells, ME 04090 USA.
RP Brubaker, DR (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, 115 James Hall, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
EM adrienne.kovach@unh.edu
RI Ducey, Mark/K-1101-2016
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and
Wildlife; State Wildlife Grants; Pittman-Robertson Funds; Wildlife
Management Institute; Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife
Agencies Regional Conservation Needs Grant [2009-04]; National Fish and
Wildlife Foundation; New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station
FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Maine Department of Inland Fisheries and Wildlife, State
Wildlife Grants, Pittman-Robertson Funds, Wildlife Management Institute,
Northeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies Regional
Conservation Needs Grant no. 2009-04, the National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation, and the New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station. A.
Tur, S. Fuller, K. Boland, and L. Fenderson provided advice in protocol
design, site selection, and logistical support. We thank J. Litvaitis
and I. Hanley for input on stem density protocols and J. Litvaitis for
discussions about closure and cottontail ecology. We are grateful to P.
Novak, G. Walters, H. Holman, H. Kilpatrick, T. Goodie, K. Boland, K.
Vagos, and the many technicians and volunteers who helped with surveys.
A. Butler, B. Foley, M. Miatkowski, and K. Papanastassiou helped with
DNA extractions. We also thank K. Papanastassiou for help with Figure 1.
Two anonymous reviewers provided valuable insight that improved this
manuscript. The findings and the conclusions of this article are those
of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the view of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service. This is Scientific Contribution Number 2547 of the
New Hampshire Agricultural Experiment Station.
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 513
EP 523
DI 10.1002/wsb.416
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9QW
UT WOS:000351434000011
ER
PT J
AU Kesler, DC
Raedeke, AH
Foggia, JR
Beatty, WS
Webb, EB
Humburg, DD
Naylor, LW
AF Kesler, Dylan C.
Raedeke, Andrew H.
Foggia, Jennifer R.
Beatty, William S.
Webb, Elisabeth B.
Humburg, Dale D.
Naylor, Luke W.
TI Effects of Satellite Transmitters on Captive and Wild Mallards
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas platyrhynchos; behavior; body condition; harness; mallard;
movement; satellite telemetry
ID RADIO-TRANSMITTERS; FEMALE MALLARDS; BODY-MASS; ATTACHMENT TECHNIQUES;
NORTHERN PINTAILS; SPRING MIGRATION; PREBASIC MOLT; SURVIVAL; HARNESS;
TELEMETRY
AB Satellite telemetry has become a leading method for studying large-scale movements and survival in birds, yet few have addressed potential effects of the larger and heavier tracking equipment on study subjects. We simultaneously evaluated effects of satellite telemetry equipment on captive and wild mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) to assess impacts on behavior, body mass, and movement. We randomly assigned 55 captive ducks to one of 3 treatment groups, including a standard body harness group, a modified harness group, and a control group. Ducks in the control group were not fitted with equipment, whereas individuals in the other 2 groups were fitted with dummy transmitters attached with a Teflon ribbon harness or with a similar harness constructed of nylon cord. At the conclusion of the 14-week captive study, mean body mass of birds in the control group was 40-105 g (95% CI) greater than birds with standard harnesses, and 28-99 g (95% CI) greater than birds with modified harnesses. Further, results of focal behavior observations indicated ducks with transmitters were less likely to be in water than control birds. We also tested whether movements of wild birds marked with a similar Teflon harness satellite transmitter aligned with population movements reported by on-the-ground observers who indexed local abundances of mid-continent mallards throughout the non-breeding period. Results indicated birds marked with satellite transmitters moved concurrently with the larger unmarked population. Our results have broad implications for field research and suggest that investigators should consider potential for physiological and behavioral effects brought about by tracking equipment. Nonetheless, results from wild ducks indicate satellite telemetry has the potential to provide useful movement data. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Kesler, Dylan C.; Foggia, Jennifer R.; Beatty, William S.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Raedeke, Andrew H.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Webb, Elisabeth B.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fisheries & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Humburg, Dale D.] Ducks Unltd, Memphis, TN 38120 USA.
[Naylor, Luke W.] Arkansas Game & Fish Commiss, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
RP Kesler, DC (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 1105 E Rollins St, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM keslerd@missouri.edu
OI Beatty, William/0000-0003-0013-3113
FU Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S.
Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX We appreciate everyone who assisted with capture, handling, and the
application of transmitters, and management of captive birds, including
K. Gardner, F. Nelson, R. Theis, J.P. Fairhead, J. Jackson, J. Pagan, R.
Malecki, and D. Kostersky. We thank T. Bixler, who provided information
on the Mallard Migration Observation Network. We very much appreciate
helpful comments from 2 anonymous reviewers, C. Boal, and Associate
Editor D. Haukos. The Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri Department of Conservation,
the University of Missouri, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 66
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 557
EP 565
DI 10.1002/wsb.437
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9QW
UT WOS:000351434000016
ER
PT J
AU Pagano, AM
Amundson, CL
Pieron, MR
Arnold, TW
Kimmel, TC
AF Pagano, Anthony M.
Amundson, Courtney L.
Pieron, Matthew R.
Arnold, Todd W.
Kimmel, Timothy C.
TI Using Sightability-Adjusted Brood-Pair Ratios to Estimate Waterfowl
Productivity
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE brood-pair ratio; brood surveys; detection probability; mark-recapture;
nest success; North Dakota; predator reduction; roadside survey;
waterfowl production
ID NORTH-DAKOTA; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; CAPTURE EXPERIMENTS; PREDATOR
REDUCTION; DUCKLING SURVIVAL; UNIFIED APPROACH; MARKED ANIMALS; NEST
SUCCESS; SASKATCHEWAN; MALLARDS
AB Historically, biologists used brood-pair ratios (BPRs) as an index to waterfowl productivity to help guide management decisions and evaluate conservation practices. However, BPRs are biased by imperfect detection probabilities, especially for broods. We conducted roadside surveys for breeding waterfowl pairs on 7-8 study sites in the springs of 2006-2008 in northeastern North Dakota, USA. Later each year, we conducted replicate counts of broods on the same wetlands and used mark-recapture methods to estimate sightability-adjusted BPRs (SA-BPRs). Traditional roadside brood surveys detected only 30-45% of the available broods, depending on species. We explored the potential for using SA-BPRs to measure hen success (i.e., the probability a female hatches >= 1 egg across all nesting attempts) for mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) and other upland-nesting dabbling ducks (Anas spp.). We found that SA-BPRs explained 40% of the variation in hen success over 5 species of dabbling ducks, and we were able to detect an effect of predator reduction on hen success in combined dabblers, but not in mallards alone. However, we found no relationship between SA-BPRs and mallard fledging rates (hen success x initial brood size x duckling survival). Our results suggest that SA-BPRs can provide a cost-effective alternative to traditional measures of productivity such as nesting success, but not to measures of duckling survival. Nevertheless, SA-BPRs may be useful in areas where traditional measures of waterfowl productivity are logistically or financially challenging. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Pagano, Anthony M.; Amundson, Courtney L.; Arnold, Todd W.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Pieron, Matthew R.; Kimmel, Timothy C.] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Pagano, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM apagano@usgs.gov
OI Pagano, Anthony/0000-0003-2176-0909
FU Delta Waterfowl Foundation; University of Minnesota; Louisiana State
University
FX Our research was funded by the Delta Waterfowl Foundation. Additional
funding was provided by the University of Minnesota and Louisiana State
University. We would especially like to thank F. Rohwer and L. Loos for
their support. We greatly appreciate the hard work of over 60 field
technicians who helped with data collection. We thank the private
landowners who allowed us to access and work on their land. Logistical
support was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
Devils Lake Wetland Management District, especially R. Hollevoet and C.
Dixon. The North Dakota Game and Fish Department, and Kulm, Devils Lake,
and Audubon Wetland Management Districts provided all-terrain vehicles
for nest searching. Our research was approved under the Louisiana State
University Agricultural Center Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol
Number AE-05-06 and University of Minnesota Institutional Animal Care
(Permit no. 0512A78586). Predator removal and nest searching on
Waterfowl Production Areas and National Wildlife Refuges were approved
through USFWS special use permits DLWMD-05-008 and 62514-06-008. D.
Andersen, C. Ely, J. Giudice, D. Johnson, W. Johnson, L. Webb, and one
anonymous reviewer provided valuable input on earlier versions of the
manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 566
EP 573
DI 10.1002/wsb.422
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9QW
UT WOS:000351434000017
ER
PT J
AU Clark, DE
Koenen, KKG
Mackenzie, KG
Pereira, JW
DeStefano, S
AF Clark, Daniel E.
Koenen, Kiana K. G.
Mackenzie, Kenneth G.
Pereira, Jillian W.
DeStefano, Stephen
TI Evaluation of a Net Launcher for Capturing Urban Gulls
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE capture; gulls; net launcher; urban birds; winter
ID RING-BILLED GULLS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SILVER GULLS; SHOREBIRDS; COLONY;
AREAS; WATER
AB The capture of birds is a common part of many avian studies but often requires large investments of time and resources. We developed a novel technique for capturing gulls during the non-breeding season using a net launcher that was effective and efficient. The technique can be used in a variety of habitats and situations, including urban areas. Using this technique, we captured 1,326 gulls in 125 capture events from 2008 to 2012 in Massachusetts, USA. On average, 10 ring-billed gulls (Larus delawarensis; range = 1-37) were captured per trapping event. Capture rate (the number of birds captured per trapping event) was influenced by the type of bait used and also the time of the year (greatest in autumn, lowest in winter). Our capture technique could be adapted to catch a variety of urban or suburban birds and mammals that are attracted to bait. (C) 2014 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Clark, Daniel E.; Koenen, Kiana K. G.; Mackenzie, Kenneth G.; Pereira, Jillian W.] Massachusetts Dept Conservat & Recreat, Div Water Supply Protect, West Boylston, MA 01583 USA.
[DeStefano, Stephen] Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
RP Clark, DE (reprint author), Massachusetts Dept Conservat & Recreat, Div Water Supply Protect, 180 Beaman St, West Boylston, MA 01583 USA.
EM dan.clark@state.ma.us
FU Massachusetts Division of Water Supply Protection, Department of
Conservation and Recreation
FX We thank J. Ellis for helpful comments on an earlier draft of the
manuscript; C. Gray for his knowledge and expertise on designing and
operating the Coda net launcher; and A. Donelan, K. Gillman, Y.
Laskaris, and J. Rasmus for help in catching gulls. The Massachusetts
Division of Water Supply Protection, Department of Conservation and
Recreation provided funding for this research. Use of trade names does
not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 28
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 605
EP 610
DI 10.1002/wsb.435
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9QW
UT WOS:000351434000023
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, CC
Teisberg, JE
Fortin, JK
Haroldson, MA
Servheen, C
Robbins, CT
van Manen, FT
AF Schwartz, Charles C.
Teisberg, Justin E.
Fortin, Jennifer K.
Haroldson, Mark A.
Servheen, Christopher
Robbins, Charles T.
van Manen, Frank T.
TI Use of Isotopic Sulfur to Determine Whitebark Pine Consumption by
Yellowstone Bears: A Reassessment
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE American black bear; grizzly bear; stable isotopes; Ursus americanus;
Ursus arctos; Yellowstone
ID GREATER YELLOWSTONE; GRIZZLY BEARS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; ECOSYSTEM;
MORTALITY
AB Use of naturally occurring stable isotopes to estimate assimilated diet of bears is one of the single greatest breakthroughs in nutritional ecology during the past 20 years. Previous research in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem (GYE), USA, established a positive relationship between the stable isotope of sulfur (delta S-34) and consumption of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis) seeds. That work combined a limited sample of hair, blood clots, and serum. Here we use a much larger sample to reassess those findings. We contrasted delta S-34 values in spring hair and serum with abundance of seeds of whitebark pine in samples collected from grizzly (Ursus arctos) and American black bears (U. americanus) in the GYE during 2000-2010. Although we found a positive relationship between delta S-34 values in spring hair and pine seed abundance for grizzly bears, the coefficients of determination were small (R-2 <= 0.097); we failed to find a similar relationship with black bears. Values of delta S-34 in spring hair were larger in black bears and delta S-34 values in serum of grizzly bears were lowest in September and October, a time when we expect delta S-34 to peak if whitebark pine seeds were the sole source of high delta S-34. The relationship between delta S-34 in bear tissue and the consumption of whitebark pine seeds, as originally reported, may not be as clean a method as proposed. Data we present here suggest other foods have high values of delta S-34, and there is spatial heterogeneity affecting the delta S-34 values in whitebark pine, which must be addressed. Published 2014. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Schwartz, Charles C.; Haroldson, Mark A.; van Manen, Frank T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Teisberg, Justin E.; Fortin, Jennifer K.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Servheen, Christopher] Univ Montana, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Robbins, Charles T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Robbins, Charles T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
RP Schwartz, CC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM cschwartzconsulting@gmail.com
FU U.S. Geological Survey (Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center,
Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team); Washington State University Bear
Center; Wyoming Game and Fish, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Idaho
Fish and Game; Bear Management Office of the Yellowstone Center for
Resources at Yellowstone National Park; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
(Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study
Team), Washington State University Bear Center, Wyoming Game and Fish,
Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Idaho Fish and Game, Bear Management
Office of the Yellowstone Center for Resources at Yellowstone National
Park, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We thank D. S. Moody, J.
J. Jonkel, K. D. Inberg, B. O. Schleyer, C. A. Dickinson, M. J.
Lamoreux, M. A. Ternent, M. J. Biel, G. W. Holm, C. L. Whitman, J. F.
Smith, J. Ball, S. Thompson, D. W. Blanton, C. B. McQueary, D. D.
Bjornlie, R. G. Grogan, and S. L. Cain for assistance with bear capture
and handling. We thank personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey,
National Park Service, U.S. Forest Service, Wyoming Game and Fish
Department, and Idaho Fish and Game who helped collect the whitebark
pine cone production data. We thank M. F. Mahalovich for her review of
an earlier draft of the manuscript as part of the U. S. Geological
Survey's Fundamental Science Practices. This study complied with current
laws of the United States of America, was conducted in accordance with
animal care and use guidelines, and was approved by the U.S. Geological
Survey Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 35
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 19
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 38
IS 3
BP 664
EP 670
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA CD9QW
UT WOS:000351434000031
ER
PT J
AU Eberts, SM
AF Eberts, Sandra M.
TI If Groundwater Is Contaminated, Will Water from the Well Be
Contaminated?
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-TRACKING; VULNERABILITY; PROTECTION; AGE
C1 US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Eberts, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 6480 Doubletree Ave, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
EM smeberts@usgs.gov
OI Eberts, Sandra/0000-0001-5138-8293
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 3
EP 7
DI 10.1111/gwat.12260
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300002
PM 25139039
ER
PT J
AU Bohlke, JK
Jurgens, BC
Uselmann, DJ
Eberts, SM
AF Boehlke, J. K.
Jurgens, Bryant C.
Uselmann, David J.
Eberts, Sandra M.
TI Educational Webtool Illustrating Groundwater Age Effects on Contaminant
Trends in Wells
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Jurgens, Bryant C.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Uselmann, David J.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Eberts, Sandra M.] US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Bohlke, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 431 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jkbohlke@usgs.gov
OI Eberts, Sandra/0000-0001-5138-8293
NR 3
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 8
EP 9
DI 10.1111/gwat.12261
PG 2
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300003
PM 25168088
ER
PT J
AU Bexfield, LM
Jurgens, BC
AF Bexfield, Laura M.
Jurgens, Bryant C.
TI Effects of Seasonal Operation on the Quality of Water Produced by
Public-Supply Wells
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE-TRACKING; VULNERABILITY; CONTAMINATION; AQUIFER; H-3/HE-3;
URANIUM; FLOW; USA
AB Seasonal variability in groundwater pumping is common in many places, but resulting effects of seasonal pumping stress on the quality of water produced by public-supply wells are not thoroughly understood. Analysis of historical water-quality samples from public-supply wells completed in deep basin-fill aquifers in Modesto, California (134 wells) and Albuquerque, New Mexico (95 wells) indicates that several wells have seasonal variability in concentrations of contaminants of concern. In Modesto, supply wells are more likely to produce younger groundwater with higher nitrate and uranium concentrations during the summer (high) pumping season than during the winter (low) pumping season. In Albuquerque, supply wells are more likely to produce older groundwater with higher arsenic concentrations during the winter pumping season than during the summer pumping season. Seasonal variability in contaminant concentrations in Modesto is influenced primarily by effects of summer pumping on vertical hydraulic gradients that drive migration of shallow groundwater through the aquifer to supply wells. Variability in Albuquerque is influenced primarily by the period of time that a supply well is idle, allowing its wellbore to act as a conduit for vertical groundwater flow and contaminant migration. However, both processes are observed in each study area. Similar findings would appear to be likely in other alluvial basins with stratified water quality and substantial vertical head gradients. Results suggest that even in aquifers dominated by old groundwater, changes to seasonal pumping patterns and/or to depth of well completion can help reduce vulnerability to selected contaminants of either natural or anthropogenic origin.
C1 [Bexfield, Laura M.] US Geol Survey, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
[Jurgens, Bryant C.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
RP Bexfield, LM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 5338 Montgomery Blvd NE,Suite 400, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
EM bexfield@usgs.gov; bjurgens@usgs.gov
FU USGS National Water-Quality Assessment program
FX This work was funded by the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment
program's study of the Transport of Anthropogenic and Natural
Contaminants (TANC) to public-supply wells. The study would not have
been possible without the support and assistance of the City of Modesto
and the Albuquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority. The
authors also thank Sandra Eberts and Matthew Landon of the USGS and
three anonymous reviewers for their insightful reviews of the
manuscript.
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 10
EP 24
DI 10.1111/gwat.12174
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300004
PM 24593780
ER
PT J
AU Jurgens, BC
Bexfield, LM
Eberts, SM
AF Jurgens, Bryant C.
Bexfield, Laura M.
Eberts, Sandra M.
TI A Ternary Age-Mixing Model to Explain Contaminant Occurrence in a Deep
Supply Well
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID ADVECTIVE-DISPERSIVE SYSTEMS; TRANSIT-TIME DISTRIBUTIONS; GROUNDWATER
AGE; RESERVOIR THEORY; SUNSPOT ACTIVITY; LIFE EXPECTANCY; TRACERS;
CALIBRATION; USA; VULNERABILITY
AB The age distribution of water from a public-supply well in a deep alluvial aquifer was estimated and used to help explain arsenic variability in the water. The age distribution was computed using a ternary mixing model that combines three lumped parameter models of advection-dispersion transport of environmental tracers, which represent relatively recent recharge (post-1950s) containing volatile organic compounds (VOCs), old intermediate depth groundwater (about 6500 years) that was free of drinking-water contaminants, and very old, deep groundwater (more than 21,000 years) containing arsenic above the USEPA maximum contaminant level of 10 mu g/L. The ternary mixing model was calibrated to tritium, chloroflorocarbon-113, and carbon-14 (C-14) concentrations that were measured in water samples collected on multiple occasions. Variability in atmospheric C-14 over the past 50,000 years was accounted for in the interpretation of C-14 as a tracer. Calibrated ternary models indicate the fraction of deep, very old groundwater entering the well varies substantially throughout the year and was highest following long periods of nonoperation or infrequent operation, which occured during the winter season when water demand was low. The fraction of young water entering the well was about 11% during the summer when pumping peaked to meet water demand and about 3% to 6% during the winter months. This paper demonstrates how collection of multiple tracers can be used in combination with simplified models of fluid flow to estimate the age distribution and thus fraction of contaminated groundwater reaching a supply well under different pumping conditions.
C1 [Jurgens, Bryant C.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Bexfield, Laura M.] US Geol Survey, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA.
[Eberts, Sandra M.] US Geol Survey, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Jurgens, BC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM bjurgens@usgs.gov; bexfield@usgs.gov; smeberts@usgs.gov
OI Eberts, Sandra/0000-0001-5138-8293
FU USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program
FX This work was funded by the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment
Program. The authors would like to thank Andrew H. Manning, Matt Becker,
and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments and suggestions
on the manuscript.
NR 54
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 25
EP 39
DI 10.1111/gwat.12170
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300005
PM 24597520
ER
PT J
AU Starn, JJ
Green, CT
Hinkle, SR
Bagtzoglou, AC
Stolp, BJ
AF Starn, J. Jeffrey
Green, Christopher T.
Hinkle, Stephen R.
Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C.
Stolp, Bernard J.
TI Simulating Water-Quality Trends in Public-Supply Wells in Transient Flow
Systems
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID GROUNDWATER-FLOW; ENVIRONMENTAL TRACERS; MODELS; SUSCEPTIBILITY;
AQUIFER; AGE
AB Models need not be complex to be useful. An existing groundwater-flow model of Salt Lake Valley, Utah, was adapted for use with convolution-based advective particle tracking to explain broad spatial trends in dissolved solids. This model supports the hypothesis that water produced from wells is increasingly younger with higher proportions of surface sources as pumping changes in the basin over time. At individual wells, however, predicting specific water-quality changes remains challenging. The influence of pumping-induced transient groundwater flow on changes in mean age and source areas is significant. Mean age and source areas were mapped across the model domain to extend the results from observation wells to the entire aquifer to see where changes in concentrations of dissolved solids are expected to occur. The timing of these changes depends on accurate estimates of groundwater velocity. Calibration to tritium concentrations was used to estimate effective porosity and improve correlation between source area changes, age changes, and measured dissolved solids trends. Uncertainty in the model is due in part to spatial and temporal variations in tracer inputs, estimated tracer transport parameters, and in pumping stresses at sampling points. For tracers such as tritium, the presence of two-limbed input curves can be problematic because a single concentration can be associated with multiple disparate travel times. These shortcomings can be ameliorated by adding hydrologic and geologic detail to the model and by adding additional calibration data. However, the Salt Lake Valley model is useful even without such small-scale detail.
C1 [Starn, J. Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
[Green, Christopher T.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Hinkle, Stephen R.] US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Bagtzoglou, Amvrossios C.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Stolp, Bernard J.] US Geol Survey, West Valley City, UT 84119 USA.
RP Starn, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 101 Pitkin St, E Hartford, CT 06108 USA.
EM jjstarn@usgs.gov; ctgreen@usgs.gov; srhinkle@usgs.gov;
acb@engr.uconn.edu; bjstolp@usgs.gov
OI Starn, Jon/0000-0001-5909-0010
NR 41
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 53
EP 62
DI 10.1111/gwat.12230
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300007
ER
PT J
AU Musgrove, M
Katz, BG
Fahlquist, LS
Crandall, CA
Lindgren, RJ
AF Musgrove, MaryLynn
Katz, Brian G.
Fahlquist, Lynne S.
Crandall, Christy A.
Lindgren, Richard J.
TI Factors Affecting Public-Supply Well Vulnerability in Two Karst Aquifers
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL TEXAS; GROUNDWATER-AGE; EDWARDS AQUIFER; CONTAMINATION;
VARIABILITY; LIMESTONE; WATERS; USA
AB Karst aquifers occur in a range of climatic and geologic settings. Nonetheless, they are commonly characterized by their vulnerability to water-quality impairment. Two karst aquifers, the Edwards aquifer in south-central Texas and the Upper Floridan aquifer in western Florida, were investigated to assess factors that control the movement of contaminants to public-supply wells (PSWs). The geochemistry of samples from a selected PSW or wellfield in each aquifer was compared with that from nearby monitoring wells and regional PSWs. Geochemistry results were integrated with age tracers, flow modeling, and depth-dependent data to refine aquifer conceptual models and to identify factors that affect contaminant movement to PSWs. The oxic Edwards aquifer is vertically well mixed at the selected PSW/wellfield, although regionally the aquifer is geochemically variable downdip. The mostly anoxic Upper Floridan aquifer is affected by denitrification and also is geochemically variable with depth. In spite of considerable differences in geology and hydrogeology, the two aquifers are similarly vulnerable to anthropogenic contamination. Vulnerability in studied PSWs in both aquifers is strongly influenced by rapid karst flowpaths and the dominance of young (< 10 years) groundwater. Vulnerability was demonstrated by the frequent detection of similar constituents of concern in both aquifers (nitrate, atrazine, deethylatrazine, tetrachloroethene, and chloroform). Specific consideration of water-quality protection efforts, well construction and placement, and aquifer response times to land-use changes and contaminant loading are discussed, with implications for karst groundwater management.
C1 [Musgrove, MaryLynn] US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Katz, Brian G.] US Geol Survey, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
[Fahlquist, Lynne S.] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Crandall, Christy A.] US Geol Survey, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
[Lindgren, Richard J.] US Geol Survey, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
RP Musgrove, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
EM mmusgrov@usgs.gov
OI musgrove, marylynn/0000-0003-1607-3864
NR 65
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 4
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 63
EP 75
DI 10.1111/gwat.12201
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300008
PM 24841501
ER
PT J
AU Chapelle, FH
Kauffman, LJ
Widdowson, MA
AF Chapelle, Francis H.
Kauffman, Leon J.
Widdowson, Mark A.
TI Modeling the Effects of Naturally Occurring Organic Carbon on
Chlorinated Ethene Transport to a Public Supply Well
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID MATTER; SEDIMENTS; ADSORPTION; FRACTIONS; SOILS; OXIDE
AB The vulnerability of public supply wells to chlorinated ethene (CE) contamination in part depends on the availability of naturally occurring organic carbon to consume dissolved oxygen (DO) and initiate reductive dechlorination. This was quantified by building a mass balance model of the Kirkwood-Cohansey aquifer, which is widely used for public water supply in New Jersey. This model was built by telescoping a calibrated regional three-dimensional (3D) MODFLOW model to the approximate capture zone of a single public supply well that has a history of CE contamination. This local model was then used to compute a mass balance between dissolved organic carbon (DOC), particulate organic carbon (POC), and adsorbed organic carbon (AOC) that act as electron donors and DO, CEs, ferric iron, and sulfate that act as electron acceptors (EAs) using the Sequential Electron Acceptor Model in three dimensions (SEAM3D) code. SEAM3D was constrained by varying concentrations of DO and DOC entering the aquifer via recharge, varying the bioavailable fraction of POC in aquifer sediments, and comparing observed and simulated vertical concentration profiles of DO and DOC. This procedure suggests that approximately 15% of the POC present in aquifer materials is readily bioavailable. Model simulations indicate that transport of perchloroethene (PCE) and its daughter products trichloroethene (TCE), cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE), and vinyl chloride (VC) to the public supply well is highly sensitive to the assumed bioavailable fraction of POC, concentrations of DO entering the aquifer with recharge, and the position of simulated PCE source areas in the flow field. The results are less sensitive to assumed concentrations of DOC in aquifer recharge. The mass balance approach used in this study also indicates that hydrodynamic processes such as advective mixing, dispersion, and sorption account for a significant amount of the observed natural attenuation in this system.
C1 [Chapelle, Francis H.] US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
[Kauffman, Leon J.] US Geol Survey, Montana Water Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59601 USA.
[Widdowson, Mark A.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Chapelle, FH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, South Carolina Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM chapelle@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was supported by the National Water Quality Assessment
(NAWQA) and Toxic Substances Hydrology Programs of the U.S. Geological
Survey. Mark Widdowson should be contacted concerning the availability
of SEAM3D.
NR 33
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 76
EP 89
DI 10.1111/gwat.12152
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300009
PM 24372440
ER
PT J
AU Konikow, LF
Leake, SA
AF Konikow, L. F.
Leake, S. A.
TI Depletion and Capture: Revisiting "The Source of Water Derived from
Wells''
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID MANAGEMENT; YIELD; FLOW; TIME
AB A natural consequence of groundwater withdrawals is the removal of water from subsurface storage, but the overall rates and magnitude of groundwater depletion and capture relative to groundwater withdrawals (extraction or pumpage) have not previously been well characterized. This study assesses the partitioning of long-term cumulative withdrawal volumes into fractions derived from storage depletion and capture, where capture includes both increases in recharge and decreases in discharge. Numerical simulation of a hypothetical groundwater basin is used to further illustrate some of Theis' (1940) principles, particularly when capture is constrained by insufficient available water. Most prior studies of depletion and capture have assumed that capture is unconstrained through boundary conditions that yield linear responses. Examination of real systems indicates that capture and depletion fractions are highly variable in time and space. For a large sample of long-developed groundwater systems, the depletion fraction averages about 0.15 and the capture fraction averages about 0.85 based on cumulative volumes. Higher depletion fractions tend to occur in more arid regions, but the variation is high and the correlation coefficient between average annual precipitation and depletion fraction for individual systems is only 0.40. Because 85% of long-term pumpage is derived from capture in these real systems, capture must be recognized as a critical factor in assessing water budgets, groundwater storage depletion, and sustainability of groundwater development. Most capture translates into streamflow depletion, so it can detrimentally impact ecosystems.
C1 [Konikow, L. F.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Leake, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Konikow, LF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 431 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM lkonikow@usgs.gov; saleake@usgs.gov
NR 35
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 100
EP 111
DI 10.1111/gwat.12204
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300011
PM 24890464
ER
PT J
AU Stahl, MO
Ong, JB
Harvey, CF
Johnson, CD
Badruzzaman, ABM
Tarek, MH
van Geen, A
Anderson, JA
Lane, JW
AF Stahl, M. O.
Ong, J. B.
Harvey, C. F.
Johnson, C. D.
Badruzzaman, A. B. M.
Tarek, M. H.
van Geen, A.
Anderson, J. A.
Lane, J. W.
TI Detecting Well Casing Leaks in Bangladesh Using a Salt Spiking Method
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID WEST-BENGAL; GROUNDWATER
AB We apply fluid-replacement logging in arsenic-contaminated regions of Bangladesh using a low-cost, down-well fluid conductivity logging tool to detect leaks in the cased section of wells. The fluid-conductivity tool is designed for the developing world: it is lightweight and easily transportable, operable by one person, and can be built for minimal cost. The fluid-replacement test identifies leaking casing by comparison of fluid conductivity logs collected before and after spiking the wellbore with a sodium chloride tracer. Here, we present results of fluid-replacement logging tests from both leaking and non-leaking casing from wells in Araihazar and Munshiganj, Bangladesh, and demonstrate that the low-cost tool produces measurements comparable to those obtained with a standard geophysical logging tool. Finally, we suggest well testing procedures and approaches for preventing casing leaks in Bangladesh and other developing countries.
C1 [Stahl, M. O.; Harvey, C. F.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Ong, J. B.; Johnson, C. D.; Lane, J. W.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
[Badruzzaman, A. B. M.; Tarek, M. H.] Bangladesh Univ Engn & Technol, Dept Civil Engn, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
[van Geen, A.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Anderson, J. A.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, Troy, NY 10964 USA.
RP Lane, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Storrs, CT 06269 USA.
EM jwlane@usgs.gov
FU National Institutes of Health [P42ES016454]; National Science
Foundation; USGS; Fulbright Specialist Program
FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health under grant
P42ES016454 and a National Science Foundation Graduate Research
Fellowship. The work by J.B.O. was done while serving as a volunteer
with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The USGS authors acknowledge
support from the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program and a grant
from the Fulbright Specialist Program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 10
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 195
EP 200
DI 10.1111/gwat.12200
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300019
PM 24898169
ER
PT J
AU Izbicki, JA
AF Izbicki, John A.
TI Fate of Nutrients in Shallow Groundwater Receiving Treated Septage,
Malibu, CA
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROGEN ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER; SANDY AQUIFER;
TROPHIC STATE; NITRATE; OXYGEN; DENITRIFICATION; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENTS;
HYDROGEN
AB Treated wastewater discharged from more than 400 onsite wastewater treatment systems (OWTS) near the Civic Center area of Malibu, California, 40 km west of downtown Los Angeles, composes 28% of the recharge to a 3.4 km(2) alluvial aquifer. On the basis of delta O-18 and dD data, the fraction of wastewater in some samples was > 70%. Ammonium and nitrate concentrations in water from 15 water-table wells sampled in July 2009 and April 2010 ranged from < 0.01 to 12 milligrams per liter as nitrogen (mg/L as N), and from < 0.01 to 11 mg/L as N, respectively. Chemical and isotopic data (delta N-15 of ammonium and nitrate, and delta O-18 of nitrate) show two processes remove nitrogen discharged from OWTS. Where groundwater was reducing, sorption of ammonium resulted in 30 to 50% nitrogen removal. Where groundwater was initially oxic, nitrification with subsequent denitrification as reducing conditions developed, resulted in up to 60% nitrogen removal. Nitrogen removal through sorption dominated during the cooler April sample period, and denitrification dominated during the warmer July sample period. The combination of mixing and nitrogen removal due to denitrification, sorption, and volatilization produces a delta N-15 apparent fractionation factor (epsilon(app)=-5), that can be explained using laboratory-derived fractionation factors (epsilon) for the individual processes. Phosphate concentrations ranged from< 0.04 to 2mg/L as phosphorous. Sorption to iron oxides on the surfaces of mineral grains at near-neutral pH's removed some phosphate; however, little removal occurred at more alkaline pH's (> 7.3).
C1 US Geol Survey, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
RP Izbicki, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM jaizbick@usgs.gov
FU City of Malibu; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This work was funded cooperatively by the City of Malibu and the U.S.
Geological Survey. The authors thank the private land owners, the County
of Los Angeles, and the State of California who permitted access to
their property for sample collection. The authors also thank Kevin
Pofferbarger for his assistance in obtaining access to OWTS for sample
collection. Special thanks are extended to Barbara Cameron and the staff
of the City of Malibu who obtained sample permits and facilitated
logistical issues invaluable to the successful completion of this study.
NR 75
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 218
EP 233
DI 10.1111/gwat.12194
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300022
PM 24902718
ER
PT J
AU Davis, JH
Verdi, R
AF Davis, J. Hal
Verdi, Richard
TI Groundwater Flow Cycling Between a Submarine Spring and an Inland Fresh
Water Spring
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; AQUIFERS
AB Spring Creek Springs and Wakulla Springs are large first magnitude springs that derive water from the Upper Floridan Aquifer. The submarine Spring Creek Springs are located in a marine estuary and Wakulla Springs are located 18 km inland. Wakulla Springs has had a consistent increase in flow from the 1930s to the present. This increase is probably due to the rising sea level, which puts additional pressure head on the submarine Spring Creek Springs, reducing its fresh water flow and increasing flows in Wakulla Springs. To improve understanding of the complex relations between these springs, flow and salinity data were collected from June 25, 2007 to June 30, 2010. The flow in Spring Creek Springs was most sensitive to rainfall and salt water intrusion, and the flow in Wakulla Springs was most sensitive to rainfall and the flow in Spring Creek Springs. Flows from the springs were found to be connected, and composed of three repeating phases in a karst spring flow cycle: Phase 1 occurred during low rainfall periods and was characterized by salt water backflow into the Spring Creek Springs caves. The higher density salt water blocked fresh water flow and resulted in a higher equivalent fresh water head in Spring Creek Springs than in Wakulla Springs. The blocked fresh water was diverted to Wakulla Springs, approximately doubling its flow. Phase 2 occurred when heavy rainfall resulted in temporarily high creek flows to nearby sinkholes that purged the salt water from the Spring Creek Springs caves. Phase 3 occurred after streams returned to base flow. The Spring Creek Springs caves retained a lower equivalent fresh water head than Wakulla Springs, causing them to flow large amounts of fresh water while Wakulla Springs flow was reduced by about half.
C1 [Verdi, Richard] US Geol Survey, Northborough, MA 01532 USA.
RP Davis, JH (reprint author), 2625 Vergie Ct, Tallahassee, FL 32303 USA.
EM jhaldavis@comcast.net; rverdi@usgs.gov
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 5
BP 705
EP 716
DI 10.1111/gwat.12125
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DF
UT WOS:000347979800009
PM 24138490
ER
PT J
AU Anders, R
Mendez, GO
Futa, K
Danskin, WR
AF Anders, Robert
Mendez, Gregory O.
Futa, Kiyoto
Danskin, Wesley R.
TI A Geochemical Approach to Determine Sources and Movement of Saline
Groundwater in a Coastal Aquifer
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID SEAWATER INTRUSION; C-14 DATA; CALIFORNIA; WATER; BORON; SALINIZATION;
SR-87/SR-86; STRONTIUM; ISOTOPES; DYNAMICS
AB Geochemical evaluation of the sources and movement of saline groundwater in coastal aquifers can aid in the initial mapping of the subsurface when geological information is unavailable. Chloride concentrations of groundwater in a coastal aquifer near San Diego, California, range from about 57 to 39,400 mg/L. On the basis of relative proportions of major-ions, the chemical composition is classified as Na-Ca-Cl-SO4, Na-Cl, or Na-Ca-Cl type water. delta H-2 and delta O-18 values range from -47.7% to -12.8% and from -7.0% to -1.2%, respectively. The isotopically depleted groundwater occurs in the deeper part of the coastal aquifer, and the isotopically enriched groundwater occurs in zones of sea water intrusion. Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios range from about 0.7050 to 0.7090, and differ between shallower and deeper flow paths in the coastal aquifer. H-3 and C-14 analyses indicate that most of the groundwater was recharged many thousands of years ago. The analysis of multiple chemical and isotopic tracers indicates that the sources and movement of saline groundwater in the San Diego coastal aquifer are dominated by: (1) recharge of local precipitation in relatively shallow parts of the flow system; (2) regional flow of recharge of higher-elevation precipitation along deep flow paths that freshen a previously saline aquifer; and (3) intrusion of sea water that entered the aquifer primarily during premodern times. Two northwest-to-southeast trending sections show the spatial distribution of the different geochemical groups and suggest the subsurface in the coastal aquifer can be separated into two predominant hydrostratigraphic layers.
C1 [Anders, Robert; Mendez, Gregory O.; Danskin, Wesley R.] USGS Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Futa, Kiyoto] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Anders, R (reprint author), USGS Calif Water Sci Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd,Ste 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM randers@usgs.gov
FU Sweetwater Authority; City of San Diego; Otay Water District; State of
California via water bonds; United States Federal Government
FX Funding for this study was provided by the Sweetwater Authority, the
City of San Diego, the Otay Water District, the State of California via
water bonds, and the United States Federal Government via appropriations
for the USGS and for this study in particular. The authors are grateful
to many individuals for their technical insights as well as to many USGS
colleagues for their assistance in identifying, collecting, collating,
reviewing, and preparing the data presented here. Their collective
contribution to the study cannot be overstated. We also wish to thank
the three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments, which
contributed significantly to the improvement of this manuscript.
NR 48
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 6
U2 35
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 5
BP 756
EP 768
DI 10.1111/gwat.12108
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DF
UT WOS:000347979800014
PM 24032352
ER
PT J
AU Yager, RM
Heywood, CE
AF Yager, Richard M.
Heywood, Charles E.
TI Simulation of the Effects of Seasonally Varying Pumping on Intraborehole
Flow and the Vulnerability of Public-Supply Wells to Contamination
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
AB Public-supply wells with long screens in alluvial aquifers can produce waters of differing quality from different depths. Seasonal changes in quality are linked to seasonal changes in pumping rates that influence the distribution of flow into the well screens under pumping conditions and the magnitude and direction of intraborehole flow within the wells under ambient conditions. Groundwater flow and transport simulations with MODFLOW and MT3DMS were developed to quantify the effects of changes in average seasonal pumping rates on intraborehole flow and water quality at two long-screened, public-supply wells, in Albuquerque, New Mexico and Modesto, California, where widespread pumping has altered groundwater flow patterns. Simulation results indicate that both wells produce water requiring additional treatment to maintain potable quality in winter when groundwater withdrawals are reduced because less water is derived from parts of the aquifer that contain water requiring less treatment. Simulation results indicate that the water quality at both wells could be improved by increasing average winter-pumping rates to induce more lateral flow from parts of the aquifer that contain better quality water. Arsenic-bearing water produced by the Albuquerque well could be reduced from 55% to 45% by doubling average winter-pumping rate, while nitrate-and uranium-bearing water produced by the Modesto well could be reduced from 95% to 65% by nearly tripling the average winter-pumping rate. Higher average winter-pumping rates would also reduce the volume of intraborehole flow within both wells and prevent the exchange of poor quality water between shallow and deep parts of both aquifers.
C1 [Yager, Richard M.] US Geol Survey, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
[Heywood, Charles E.] US Geol Survey, Ridgway, CO 81432 USA.
RP Yager, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 30 Brown Rd, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA.
EM ryager@usgs.gov
NR 31
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 40
EP 52
DI 10.1111/gwat.12150
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300006
PM 24410487
ER
PT J
AU Toccalino, PL
Gilliom, RJ
Lindsey, BD
Rupert, MG
AF Toccalino, Patricia L.
Gilliom, Robert J.
Lindsey, Bruce D.
Rupert, Michael G.
TI Pesticides in Groundwater of the United States: Decadal-Scale Changes,
1993-2011
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID WATER; VULNERABILITY; TRENDS
AB The national occurrence of 83 pesticide compounds in groundwater of the United States and decadal-scale changes in concentrations for 35 compounds were assessed for the 20-year period from 1993-2011. Samples were collected from 1271 wells in 58 nationally distributed well networks. Networks consisted of shallow (mostly monitoring) wells in agricultural and urban land-use areas and deeper (mostly domestic and public supply) wells in major aquifers in mixed land-use areas. Wells were sampled once during 1993-2001 and once during 2002-2011. Pesticides were frequently detected (53% of all samples), but concentrations seldom exceeded human-health benchmarks (1.8% of all samples). The five most frequently detected pesticide compounds-atrazine, deethylatrazine, simazine, metolachlor, and prometon-each had statistically significant (p<0.1) changes in concentrations between decades in one or more categories of well networks nationally aggregated by land use. For agricultural networks, concentrations of atrazine, metolachlor, and prometon decreased from the first decade to the second decade. For urban networks, deethylatrazine concentrations increased and prometon concentrations decreased. For major aquifers, concentrations of deethylatrazine and simazine increased. The directions of concentration changes for individual well networks generally were consistent with changes determined from nationally aggregated data. Altogether, 36 of the 58 individual well networks had statistically significant changes in concentrations of one or more pesticides between decades, with the majority of changes attributed to the five most frequently detected pesticide compounds. The magnitudes of median decadal-scale concentration changes were small-ranging from -0.09 to 0.03 mu g/L-and were 35- to 230,000-fold less than human-health benchmarks.
C1 [Toccalino, Patricia L.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Gilliom, Robert J.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Lindsey, Bruce D.] US Geol Survey, New Cumberland, PA 17070 USA.
[Rupert, Michael G.] US Geol Survey, Pueblo, CO 81003 USA.
RP Toccalino, PL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM ptocca@usgs.gov
NR 45
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 3
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
SU 1
BP 112
EP 125
DI 10.1111/gwat.12176
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA AZ1DU
UT WOS:000347981300012
PM 24597577
ER
PT J
AU Chen, Q
Wang, HQ
Wang, LX
Tawes, R
Rollman, D
AF Chen, Qin
Wang, Hongqing
Wang, Lixia
Tawes, Robert
Rollman, Drew
TI Predicting Impacts of Tropical Cyclones and Sea-Level Rise on Beach
Mouse Habitat
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Advanced circulation (ADCIRC) model; simulating-waves-nearshore (SWAN)
model; storm surge; wind waves; sea-level rise; beach mouse habitat
ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; STORM SURGES; WIND-WAVES; ALABAMA; MICE;
HURRICANES; MODEL
AB Alabama beach mouse (ABM) (Peromyscus polionotus ammobates) is an important component of the coastal dune ecosystem along the Gulf of Mexico. Due to habitat loss and degradation, ABM is federally listed as an endangered species. In this study, we examined the impacts of storm surge and wind waves, which are induced by hurricanes and sea-level rise (SLR), on the ABM habitat on Fort Morgan Peninsula, Alabama, using advanced storm surge and wind wave models and spatial analysis tools in geographic information systems (GIS). Statistical analyses of the long-term historical data enabled us to predict the extreme values of winds, wind waves, and water levels in the study area at different return periods. We developed a series of nested domains for both wave and surge modeling and validated the models using field observations of surge hydrographs and high watermarks of Hurricane Ivan (2004). We then developed wave atlases and flood maps corresponding to the extreme wind, surge and waves without SLR and with a 0.5 m of SLR by coupling the wave and surge prediction models. The flood maps were then merged with a map of ABM habitat to determine the extent and location of habitat impacted by the 100-year storm with and without SLR. Simulation results indicate that more than 82% of ABM habitat would be inundated in such an extreme storm event, especially under SLR, making ABM populations more vulnerable to future storm damage. These results have aided biologists, community planners, and other stakeholders in the identification, restoration and protection of key beach mouse habitat in Alabama. Methods outlined in this paper could also be used to assist in the conservation and recovery of imperiled coastal species elsewhere.
C1 [Chen, Qin] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Wang, Hongqing] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Wang, Lixia] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Tawes, Robert] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Southeast Reg Off, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA.
[Rollman, Drew] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alabama Field Off, Daphne, AL 36526 USA.
RP Chen, Q (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM qchen@lsu.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [FWS-401815J017]; National Science
Foundation [NSF-1115527]
FX The study was supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service(FWS-401815J017) and the National Science Foundation
(NSF-1115527). The Baldwin County Commission, Alabama, the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers Mobile District, NOAA and FEMA provided the field
data. We would like to thank Dr. Joao F. Pereira and two anonymous
reviewers for their constructive review that improved this manuscript
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 26
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
EI 1551-5036
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD FAL
PY 2014
SI 68
BP 12
EP 19
DI 10.2112/SI68-002.1
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA AX8FM
UT WOS:000347145600003
ER
PT J
AU Fedy, BC
Doherty, KE
Aldridge, CL
O'Donnell, M
Beck, JL
Bedrosian, B
Gummer, D
Holloran, MJ
Johnson, GD
Kaczor, NW
Kirol, CP
Mandich, CA
Marshall, D
Mckee, G
Olson, C
Pratt, AC
Swanson, CC
Walker, BL
AF Fedy, Bradley C.
Doherty, Kevin E.
Aldridge, Cameron L.
O'Donnell, Micheal
Beck, Jeffrey L.
Bedrosian, Bryan
Gummer, David
Holloran, Matthew J.
Johnson, Gregory D.
Kaczor, Nicholas W.
Kirol, Christopher P.
Mandich, Cheryl A.
Marshall, David
Mckee, Gwyn
Olson, Chad
Pratt, Aaron C.
Swanson, Christopher C.
Walker, Brett L.
TI Habitat Prioritization Across Large Landscapes, Multiple Seasons, and
Novel Areas: An Example Using Greater Sage-Grouse in Wyoming
SO WILDLIFE MONOGRAPHS
LA English
DT Review
DE brood; Centrocercus urophasianus; core regions; extent; functional
response; greater sage-grouse; logistic regression; nesting;
radiotelemetry; resource selection function; sagebrush; seasonal
variation; winter
ID ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; SAGEBRUSH HABITATS; RESOURCE SELECTION;
CENTROCERCUS-UROPHASIANUS; SPATIAL-DISTRIBUTION; SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO;
WINTER CONDITIONS; WOODLAND CARIBOU; NESTING HABITAT; FOOD SELECTION
AB Animal habitat selection is an important and expansive area of research in ecology. In particular, the study of habitat selection is critical in habitat prioritization efforts for species of conservation concern. Landscape planning for species is happening at ever-increasing extents because of the appreciation for the role of landscape-scale patterns in species persistence coupled to improved datasets for species and habitats, and the expanding and intensifying footprint of human land uses on the landscape. We present a large-scale collaborative effort to develop habitat selection models across large landscapes and multiple seasons for prioritizing habitat for a species of conservation concern. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus, hereafter sage-grouse) occur in western semi-arid landscapes in North America. Range-wide population declines of this species have been documented, and it is currently considered as warranted but precluded from listing under the United States Endangered Species Act. Wyoming is predicted to remain a stronghold for sage-grouse populations and contains approximately 37% of remaining birds. We compiled location data from 14 unique radiotelemetry studies (data collected 1994-2010) and habitat data from high-quality, biologically relevant, geographic information system (GIS) layers across Wyoming. We developed habitat selection models for greater sage-grouse across Wyoming for 3 distinct life stages: 1) nesting, 2) summer, and 3) winter. We developed patch and landscape models across 4 extents, producing statewide and regional (southwest, central, northeast) models for Wyoming. Habitat selection varied among regions and seasons, yet preferred habitat attributes generally matched the extensive literature on sage-grouse seasonal habitat requirements. Across seasons and regions, birds preferred areas with greater percentage sagebrush cover and avoided paved roads, agriculture, and forested areas. Birds consistently preferred areas with higher precipitation in the summer and avoided rugged terrain in the winter. Selection for sagebrush cover varied regionally with stronger selection in the Northeast region, likely because of limited availability, whereas avoidance of paved roads was fairly consistent across regions. We chose resource selection function (RSF) thresholds for each model set (seasonalxregional combination) that delineated important seasonal habitats for sage-grouse. Each model set showed good validation and discriminatory capabilities within study-site boundaries. We applied the nesting-season models to a novel area not included in model development. The percentage of independent nest locations that fell directly within identified important habitat was not overly impressive in the novel area (49%); however, including a 500-m buffer around important habitat captured 98% of independent nest locations within the novel area. We also used leks and associated peak male counts as a proxy for nesting habitat outside of the study sites used to develop the models. A 1.5-km buffer around the important nesting habitat boundaries included 77% of males counted at leks in Wyoming outside of the study sites. Data were not available to quantitatively test the performance of the summer and winter models outside our study sites. The collection of models presented here represents large-scale resource-management planning tools that are a significant advancement to previous tools in terms of spatial and temporal resolution. Published 2014. This article is a U.S.
Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Fedy, Bradley C.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Environm & Resource Studies, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Fedy, Bradley C.; O'Donnell, Micheal] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Doherty, Kevin E.; Kaczor, Nicholas W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lakewood, CO 80228 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Beck, Jeffrey L.; Kirol, Christopher P.; Pratt, Aaron C.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Dept 3354, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Bedrosian, Bryan] Craighead Beringia South, Kelly, WY 83011 USA.
[Gummer, David] Parks Canada, Calgary, AB T2P 3M3, Canada.
[Holloran, Matthew J.] Wyoming Wildlife Consultants LLC, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA.
[Johnson, Gregory D.] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
[Mandich, Cheryl A.] Univ Wyoming, Casper Ctr, Dept Zool & Physiol, Casper, WY 82601 USA.
[Marshall, David] KC Harvey Environm LLC, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Mckee, Gwyn] Thunderbird Wildlife Consulting Inc, Gillette, WY 82718 USA.
[Olson, Chad] Hayden Wing Associates LLC, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Swanson, Christopher C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kulm, ND 58456 USA.
[Walker, Brett L.] Colorado Div Parks & Wildlife, Avian Res Program, Grand Junction, CO 81505 USA.
RP Fedy, BC (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Dept Environm & Resource Studies, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM bfedy@uwaterloo.ca
RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011;
OI Fedy, Bradley/0000-0003-3933-4043
FU Arch Coal; Cameco Resources; Devon Energy; Foundation Coal West;
Pathfinder Energy; Petroleum Association of Wyoming; Powder River Coal;
RioTinto; Rocky Mountain Power; Wyoming Sage Grouse Local Working
Groups; Wyoming Game and Fish Department (WGFD); Bureau of Land
Management (BLM); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); U.S.
Geological Survey; Anadarko Petroleum Corporation; U.S. Department of
the Interior BLM; WGFD-Sage-Grouse Conservation Fund; University of
Wyoming School of Energy Resources; Colorado Division of Parks and
Wildlife; Questar Exploration and Production; Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration Act through North Dakota Game and Fish Department, BLM [W 67
R, ESA000013]; USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station [05 JV 11221609
127]; USFS Dakota Prairie National Grasslands [05 CS 11011800 022];
South Dakota State University; WGFD (Upper Snake River Sage-Grouse
Working Group); Jackson Hole Airport; Grand Teton National Park; USFS;
WGFD; BLM; U.S. Department of Energy; Yellowstone-to-Yukon Initiative;
EnCana Oil Gas, Inc.; Ultra Resources, Inc.; Shell Rocky Mountain
Production; ConocoPhillips; EnCana Natural Gas; Noble Energy; BLM in
Montana and Wyoming; BLM in Washington, D.C.; Montana Fish, Wildlife and
Parks; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; National Science
Foundation (EPS-CORE program); Montana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit; Western Gas Resources Incorporated; Wolf Creek Charitable
Foundation; Bighorn Environmental Consulting; Anheuser-Busch Companies,
Inc.; Liz Claiborne and Art Ortenberg Foundation; Hewlett Foundation;
University of Montana; Fidelity Exploration and Production Company;
Horizon Wind Energy; Iberdrola Renewables; Bates Hole and Shirley Basin
Local Sage-Grouse Working Group; Peabody Energy Company's North Antelope
Rochelle Mine (NARM); Abandoned Coal Mine Lands Research Program
(ACMLRP) at the University of Wyoming; American Colloid Company
FX Synthesis: We are grateful to E. Hellgren, J. Connelly, and S. Knick
whose many useful comments improved the manuscript. Funding for the
synthesis of these studies and the conceptual development of these
models and analyses was provided by Arch Coal, Cameco Resources, Devon
Energy, Foundation Coal West, Pathfinder Energy, Petroleum Association
of Wyoming, Powder River Coal, RioTinto, Rocky Mountain Power, Wyoming
Sage Grouse Local Working Groups, Wyoming Game and Fish Department
(WGFD), Bureau of Land Management (BLM), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
(USFWS), and the U.S. Geological Survey. We appreciated the cooperation
of numerous landowners in each study area who provided access to their
private lands to collect field data. We also thank the many individuals
who provided logistical and field support on the individual projects
listed below. The manuscript was improved through comments by T.
Christiansen, the Petroleum Association of Wyoming, Peabody Energy, and
R. Taylor. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the USFWS. Atlantic Rim and
Stewart Creek: Funding was provided by Anadarko Petroleum Corporation,
U.S. Department of the Interior BLM, WGFD-Sage-Grouse Conservation Fund,
and the University of Wyoming School of Energy Resources. Hiawatha:
Funding was provided by the Colorado Division of Wildlife (now Colorado
Division of Parks and Wildlife) and Questar Exploration and Production.
Hulett: Funding for this study was provided by Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration Act (W 67 R) through North Dakota Game and Fish Department,
BLM (ESA000013), USFS Rocky Mountain Research Station (05 JV 11221609
127), USFS Dakota Prairie National Grasslands (05 CS 11011800 022), and
support from South Dakota State University. Jackson: Funding was
provided by the WGFD (Upper Snake River Sage-Grouse Working Group), the
Jackson Hole Airport, Grand Teton National Park, USFS, and a variety of
private individuals and foundations. Lander and Pinedale: Financial
support provided by the WGFD, BLM, U.S. Department of Energy,
Yellowstone-to-Yukon Initiative, EnCana Oil & Gas, Inc., Ultra
Resources, Inc., and Shell Rocky Mountain Production. Moneta: The Moneta
study area was a combination of data collected from 2 separately funded
projects: Hayden-Wing Associates and a project funded by BLM and WGFD
and referred to as the Western Natrona County Sage-Grouse Distribution
Project. The Hayden-Wing Associates study was funded by ConocoPhillips,
EnCana Natural Gas, and Noble Energy. Financial support, equipment, and
trapping personnel for the Western Natrona County Sage-Grouse
Distribution Project were provided by the BLM, WGFD, Bates Hole and
Shirley Basin Sage-Grouse Working Group, University of Wyoming, and
Casper College. Telemetry flights were conducted by Laird Flying
Service, Ekalaka MT. PRB: Funding was provided by the BLM in Montana and
Wyoming. Additional project support came from the BLM in Washington,
D.C., U.S. Department of Energy, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, WGFD,
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, National Science Foundation
(EPS-CORE program), Montana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit,
Petroleum Association of Wyoming, Western Gas Resources Incorporated,
Wolf Creek Charitable Foundation, Bighorn Environmental Consulting,
Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc.; , Liz Claiborne and Art Ortenberg
Foundation, the Hewlett Foundation, and the University of Montana. The
Hayden-Wing and Associates study was funded by Fidelity Exploration and
Production Company. Simpson Ridge: Funding for this project was received
from Horizon Wind Energy, Iberdrola Renewables, the Bates Hole and
Shirley Basin Local Sage-Grouse Working Group, the U.S. Department of
Energy, and the University of Wyoming School of Energy Resources.
Thunder Basin: Initial work (2001-2003) was supported primarily by
Peabody Energy Company's North Antelope Rochelle Mine (NARM) and the
Abandoned Coal Mine Lands Research Program (ACMLRP) at the University of
Wyoming. The ACMLRP support was administered by the Wyoming Department
of Environmental Quality from funds returned to Wyoming by the Office of
Surface Mining of the U. S. Department of the Interior. The Triton Coal
Company and Thunder Basin Coal Company also provided financial
assistance for the initial project work, and the WGFD provided valuable
field assistance, equipment, digital land-cover data, and funding for
aerial telemetry for project needs from 2001 to 2003. Beginning in 2004,
NARM provided all project funding. All data for this study area were
collected and contributed by Thunderbird Wildlife Consulting, Inc.
Bighorn Basin: Funding for this project was received from the American
Colloid Company.
NR 103
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 11
U2 86
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0084-0173
EI 1938-5455
J9 WILDLIFE MONOGR
JI Wildl. Monogr.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 190
IS 1
BP 1
EP 39
DI 10.1002/wmon.1014
PG 39
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA AQ2RD
UT WOS:000342634900001
ER
PT J
AU Minsley, BJ
Kass, MA
Hodges, G
Smith, BD
AF Minsley, Burke J.
Kass, M. Andy
Hodges, Greg
Smith, Bruce D.
TI Multielevation calibration of frequency-domain electromagnetic data
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; TIME-DOMAIN; EM DATA; RESISTIVITY; INVERSION;
SYSTEM; EXPLORATION; AMPLITUDE; DEPTH; LOOP
AB Systematic calibration errors must be taken into account because they can substantially impact the accuracy of inverted subsurface resistivity models derived from frequency-domain electromagnetic data, resulting in potentially misleading interpretations. We have developed an approach that uses data acquired at multiple elevations over the same location to assess calibration errors. A significant advantage is that this method does not require prior knowledge of subsurface properties from borehole or ground geophysical data (though these can be readily incorporated if available), and is, therefore, well suited to remote areas. The multielevation data were used to solve for calibration parameters and a single subsurface resistivity model that are self consistent over all elevations. The deterministic and Bayesian formulations of the multielevation approach illustrate parameter sensitivity and uncertainty using synthetic-and field-data examples. Multiplicative calibration errors (gain and phase) were found to be better resolved at high frequencies and when data were acquired over a relatively conductive area, whereas additive errors (bias) were reasonably resolved over conductive and resistive areas at all frequencies. The Bayesian approach outperformed the deterministic approach when estimating calibration parameters using multielevation data at a single location; however, joint analysis of multielevation data at multiple locations using the deterministic algorithm yielded the most accurate estimates of calibration parameters. Inversion results using calibration-corrected data revealed marked improvement in misfit, lending added confidence to the interpretation of these models.
C1 [Minsley, Burke J.; Kass, M. Andy; Smith, Bruce D.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hodges, Greg] CGG Airborne, Mississauga, ON, Canada.
RP Minsley, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM bminsley@usgs.gov; mkass@usgs.gov; greg.hodges@cgg.com; bsmith@usgs.gov
OI Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306
FU U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Program
FX We acknowledge the U.S. Geological Survey Minerals Program for funding
the Geophysical Methods Development Project, which supported this work.
We also thank M. Deszcz-Pan (USGS), B. Siemon, Y. Ley-Cooper, and one
anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful inputs on this manuscript.
NR 29
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
EI 1942-2156
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2014
VL 79
IS 5
BP E201
EP E216
DI 10.1190/GEO2013-0320.1
PG 16
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU9JA
UT WOS:000345907100015
ER
PT J
AU Hurwitz, S
Lowenstern, JB
AF Hurwitz, Shaul
Lowenstern, Jacob B.
TI Dynamics of the Yellowstone hydrothermal system
SO REVIEWS OF GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Review
ID PLATEAU VOLCANIC FIELD; MAMMOTH HOT-SPRINGS; OLD FAITHFUL GEYSER;
WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SATELLITE RADAR INTERFEROMETRY; MULTIPLE PROXY
RECORDS; ARSENITE OXIDASE GENES; GEOTHERMAL HEAT-FLUX; NATIONAL-PARK;
THERMAL WATERS
AB The Yellowstone Plateau Volcanic Field is characterized by extensive seismicity, episodes of uplift and subsidence, and a hydrothermal system that comprises more than 10,000 thermal features, including geysers, fumaroles, mud pots, thermal springs, and hydrothermal explosion craters. The diverse chemical and isotopic compositions of waters and gases derive from mantle, crustal, and meteoric sources and extensive water-gas-rock interaction at variable pressures and temperatures. The thermal features are host to all domains of life that utilize diverse inorganic sources of energy for metabolism. The unique and exceptional features of the hydrothermal system have attracted numerous researchers to Yellowstone beginning with the Washburn and Hayden expeditions in the 1870s. Since a seminal review published a quarter of a century ago, research in many fields has greatly advanced our understanding of the many coupled processes operating in and on the hydrothermal system. Specific advances include more refined geophysical images of the magmatic system, better constraints on the time scale of magmatic processes, characterization of fluid sources and water-rock interactions, quantitative estimates of heat and magmatic volatile fluxes, discovering and quantifying the role of thermophile microorganisms in the geochemical cycle, defining the chronology of hydrothermal explosions and their relation to glacial cycles, defining possible links between hydrothermal activity, deformation, and seismicity; quantifying geyser dynamics; and the discovery of extensive hydrothermal activity in Yellowstone Lake. Discussion of these many advances forms the basis of this review.
C1 [Hurwitz, Shaul; Lowenstern, Jacob B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Hurwitz, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM shaulh@usgs.gov
OI Lowenstern, Jacob/0000-0003-0464-7779
FU U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program
FX This study was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards
Program.
NR 285
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 15
U2 69
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 8755-1209
EI 1944-9208
J9 REV GEOPHYS
JI Rev. Geophys.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 52
IS 3
BP 375
EP 411
DI 10.1002/2014RG000452
PG 37
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AU5MI
UT WOS:000345650700006
ER
PT J
AU Hayer, CA
Breeggemann, JJ
Klumb, RA
Graeb, BDS
Bertrand, KN
AF Hayer, Cari-Ann
Breeggemann, Jason J.
Klumb, Robert A.
Graeb, Brian D. S.
Bertrand, Katie N.
TI Population characteristics of bighead and silver carp on the
northwestern front of their North American invasion
SO AQUATIC INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE growth; invasion phase; planktivores; prairie streams; recruitment
ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; ASIAN CARP; MISSISSIPPI RIVER;
HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS-NOBILIS; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; AGE-DETERMINATION;
FISH ASSEMBLAGES; ILLINOIS RIVER; UNITED-STATES; SOUTH-DAKOTA
AB Invasive species are considered the second largest threat to native biodiversity, and ecosystem function and services. One pair of global invaders, bighead, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, and silver carp, H. molitrix, (collectively referred to as Asian carps) have been introduced throughout the world, and are invading three prairie stream tributaries to the Missouri River in the United States. There is a paucity of knowledge and understanding about Asian carp population characteristics and biology in North America. As such, we documented spatial and temporal trends in population dynamics (i.e., density, size structure, age, growth and condition) of Asian carps in three tributaries to the Missouri River in South Dakota: Big Sioux, James and Vermillion from 2009 to 2012. Finally, native planktivore (i.e., gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum, bigmouth buffalo, Ictiobus cyprinellus, and emerald shiner, Notropis atherinoides) characteristics were examined using condition (Fulton's K). Overall, 469 silver carp and eight bighead carp were collected using boat electrofishing and mean catch-per-unit-effort of silver carp increased annually. The three rivers' populations were similar in length frequencies. Silver carp growth was faster initially than later ages and overall was slower than Middle Mississippi River populations. Recruitment of silver carp was erratic with the 2010 year class dominating 91% of catches. Silver carp condition was also similar across rivers, seasons, and years. South Dakota silver carp populations were predicted from a length-weight regression to be lighter than the Gavins Point reach population of the Missouri River, and heavier than both the middle Mississippi and the Illinois River populations. Additionally, mean catch-per-unit-effort for bigmouth buffalo and emerald shiner decreased over the study period. Continued monitoring and research on this newly invading population of Asian carps will provide additional invaluable insight into complex invasive species, assist with understanding Asian carps population dynamics during and after an invasion, and expose the potential negative impacts Asian carps may be having on prairie stream ecosystems.
C1 [Hayer, Cari-Ann; Breeggemann, Jason J.; Graeb, Brian D. S.; Bertrand, Katie N.] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
[Klumb, Robert A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Great Plains Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Pierre, SD 57501 USA.
RP Hayer, CA (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Box 1240B,NPB 138, Brookings, SD 57006 USA.
EM cari-ann.hayer@sdstate.edu; jason.breeggemann@sdstate.edu;
brian.graeb@sdstate.edu; katie.bertrand@sdstate.edu
RI Bertrand, Katie/A-5902-2012
OI Bertrand, Katie/0000-0001-8453-6758
FU South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks
FX We thank the South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks and the
United States Fish and Wildlife Service Missouri River Research Office
for their continued support of this project and specifically M Smith and
G VanEeckhout for continued updates on Asian carps within North and
South Dakota. Additionally we thank J Howell for assistance with field
work. Funding for this research was provided to KN Bertrand, BDS Graeb,
RA Klumb, and C-A Hayer through Study 1516 of the Dingell-Johnson
Sportfish Restoration Act administered through the South Dakota
Department of Game, Fish and Parks. Our good friend, colleague and
mentor, Rob Klumb, was an integral part of this project since its
inception, but he was tragically killed while working for the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 76
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 20
U2 106
PU REGIONAL EURO-ASIAN BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS CENTRE-REABIC
PI HELSINKI
PA PL 3, HELSINKI, 00981, FINLAND
SN 1798-6540
EI 1818-5487
J9 AQUAT INVASIONS
JI Aquat. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 3
SI SI
BP 289
EP 303
DI 10.3391/ai.2014.9.3.05
PG 15
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA AU4QR
UT WOS:000345597300005
ER
PT J
AU Wotzlaw, JF
Bindeman, IN
Watts, KE
Schmitt, AK
Caricchi, L
Schaltegger, U
AF Wotzlaw, Joern-Frederik
Bindeman, Ilya N.
Watts, Kathryn E.
Schmitt, Axel K.
Caricchi, Luca
Schaltegger, Urs
TI Linking rapid magma reservoir assembly and eruption trigger mechanisms
at evolved Yellowstone-type supervolcanoes
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HEISE VOLCANIC FIELD; SNAKE RIVER PLAIN; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; CALDERA
COMPLEXES; BISHOP TUFF; RHYOLITES; CHAMBERS; ZIRCONS; IDAHO;
INTERCALIBRATION
AB The geological record contains evidence of volcanic eruptions that were as much as two orders of magnitude larger than the most voluminous eruption experienced by modern civilizations, the A.D. 1815 Tambora (Indonesia) eruption. Perhaps nowhere on Earth are deposits of such supereruptions more prominent than in the Snake River Plain-Yellowstone Plateau (SRP-YP) volcanic province (northwest United States). While magmatic activity at Yellowstone is still ongoing, the Heise volcanic field in eastern Idaho represents the youngest complete caldera cycle in the SRP-YP, and thus is particularly instructive for current and future volcanic activity at Yellowstone. The Heise caldera cycle culminated 4.5 Ma ago in the eruption of the similar to 1800 km(3) Kilgore Tuff. Accessory zircons in the Kilgore Tuff display significant intercrystalline and intracrystalline oxygen isotopic heterogeneity, and the vast majority are O-18 depleted. This suggests that zircons crystallized from isotopically distinct magma batches that were generated by remelting of subcaldera silicic rocks previously altered by low-delta O-18 meteoric-hydrothermal fluids. Prior to eruption these magma batches were assembled and homogenized into a single voluminous reservoir. U-Pb geochronology of isotopically diverse zircons using chemical abrasion-isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry yielded indistinguishable crystallization ages with a weighted mean Pb-206/U-238 date of 4.4876 +/- 0.0023 Ma (MSWD = 1.5; n = 24). These zircon crystallization ages are also indistinguishable from the sanidine Ar-40/Ar-39 dates, and thus zircons crystallized close to eruption. This requires that shallow crustal melting, assembly of isolated batches into a supervolcanic magma reservoir, homogenization, and eruption occurred extremely rapidly, within the resolution of our geochronology (10(3)-10(4) yr). The crystal-scale image of the reservoir configuration, with several isolated magma batches, is very similar to the reservoir configurations inferred from seismic data at active supervolcanoes. The connection of magma batches vertically distributed over several kilometers in the upper crust would cause a substantial increase of buoyancy overpressure, providing an eruption trigger mechanism that is the direct consequence of the reservoir assembly process.
C1 [Wotzlaw, Joern-Frederik; Caricchi, Luca; Schaltegger, Urs] Univ Geneva, Sect Earth & Environm Sci, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
[Bindeman, Ilya N.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Watts, Kathryn E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schmitt, Axel K.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Wotzlaw, JF (reprint author), Univ Geneva, Sect Earth & Environm Sci, CH-1205 Geneva, Switzerland.
EM joern.wotzlaw@unige.ch
RI UCLA, SIMS/A-1459-2011;
OI Schmitt, Axel/0000-0002-9029-4211; Schaltegger, Urs/0000-0003-4404-8607
FU Swiss National Science Foundation; European Community FP7 [215458]; U.S.
National Science Foundation [EAR-CAREER-844772]
FX This project was supported by the Swiss National Science Foundation,
European Community FP7/2007-2013 grant 215458, and U.S. National Science
Foundation grant EAR-CAREER-844772. We thank J.B. Lowenstern, B.S.
Ellis, and an anonymous reviewer for constructive reviews.
NR 28
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 5
U2 41
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 9
BP 807
EP 810
DI 10.1130/G35979.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AU1DU
UT WOS:000345362100018
ER
PT J
AU Atwater, BF
Carson, B
Griggs, GB
Johnson, HP
Salmi, MS
AF Atwater, Brian F.
Carson, Bobb
Griggs, Gary B.
Johnson, H. Paul
Salmi, Marie S.
TI Rethinking turbidite paleoseismology along the Cascadia subduction zone
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTINENTAL-SHELF; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; CENTRAL CHILE; WASHINGTON;
EARTHQUAKE; PACIFIC; RUPTURE; CHANNEL; MARGIN; CANYON
AB A stratigraphic synthesis of dozens of deep-sea cores, most of them overlooked in recent decades, provides new insights into deep-sea turbidites as guides to earthquake and tsunami hazards along the Cascadia subduction zone, which extends 1100 km along the Pacific coast of North America. The synthesis shows greater variability in Holocene stratigraphy and facies off the Washington coast than was recognized a quarter century ago in a confluence test for seismic triggering of sediment gravity flows. That test compared counts of Holocene turbidites upstream and downstream of a deep-sea channel junction. Similarity in the turbidite counts among seven core sites provided evidence that turbidity currents from different submarine canyons usually reached the junction around the same time, as expected of widespread seismic triggering. The fuller synthesis, however, shows distinct differences between tributaries, and these differences suggest sediment routing for which the confluence test was not designed. The synthesis also bears on recent estimates of Cascadia earthquake magnitudes and recurrence intervals. The magnitude estimates hinge on stratigraphic correlations that discount variability in turbidite facies. The recurrence estimates require turbidites to represent megathrust earthquakes more dependably than they do along a flow path where turbidite frequency appears limited less by seismic shaking than by sediment supply. These concerns underscore the complexity of extracting earthquake history from deep-sea turbidites at Cascadia.
C1 [Atwater, Brian F.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Carson, Bobb] Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
[Griggs, Gary B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Johnson, H. Paul; Salmi, Marie S.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Atwater, BF (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 4
U2 33
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 42
IS 9
BP 827
EP U118
DI 10.1130/G35902.1
PG 5
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AU1DU
UT WOS:000345362100023
ER
PT J
AU Filstrup, CT
Wagner, T
Soranno, PA
Stanley, EH
Stow, CA
Webster, KE
Downing, JA
AF Filstrup, Christopher T.
Wagner, Tyler
Soranno, Patricia A.
Stanley, Emily H.
Stow, Craig A.
Webster, Katherine E.
Downing, John A.
TI Regional variability among nonlinear chlorophyll-phosphorus
relationships in lakes
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAND-USE; SIGMOID RELATIONSHIPS; NUTRIENT CRITERIA; ALGAL BIOMASS;
ECOSYSTEM; WATER; LANDSCAPE; RETENTION; NITROGEN; WETLANDS
AB The relationship between chlorophyll a (Chl a) and total phosphorus (TP) is a fundamental relationship in lakes that reflects multiple aspects of ecosystem function and is also used in the regulation and management of inland waters. The exact form of this relationship has substantial implications on its meaning and its use. We assembled a spatially extensive data set to examine whether nonlinear models are a better fit for Chl a TP relationships than traditional log-linear models, whether there were regional differences in the form of the relationships, and, if so, which regional factors were related to these differences. We analyzed a data set from 2105 temperate lakes across 35 ecoregions by fitting and comparing two different nonlinear models and one log-linear model. The two nonlinear models fit the data better than the log-linear model. In addition, the parameters for the best-fitting model varied among regions: the maximum and lower Chl a asymptotes were positively and negatively related to percent regional pasture land use, respectively, and the rate at which chlorophyll increased with TP was negatively related to percent regional wetland cover. Lakes in regions with more pasture fields had higher maximum chlorophyll concentrations at high TP concentrations but lower minimum chlorophyll concentrations at low TP concentrations. Lakes in regions with less wetland cover showed a steeper Chl a-TP relationship than wetland-rich regions. Interpretation of Chl a-TP relationships depends on regional differences, and theory and management based on a monolithic relationship may be inaccurate.
C1 [Filstrup, Christopher T.; Downing, John A.] Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol Dept, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Soranno, Patricia A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Stanley, Emily H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Stow, Craig A.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Webster, Katherine E.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin 2, Ireland.
RP Filstrup, CT (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol Dept, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
EM filstrup@iastate.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EF-1065786, EF-1065649, EF-1065818]; Iowa
Department of Natural Resources [ESD04HALFasch110155]; Environmental
Protection Agency, Ireland [2011-W-FS-7]
FX Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation (EF-1065786,
EF-1065649, EF-1065818) and the Iowa Department of Natural Resources
(ESD04HALFasch110155). K.E.W. thanks the Strive Programme (2011-W-FS-7)
from the Environmental Protection Agency, Ireland, for support. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 49
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 7
U2 30
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 0024-3590
EI 1939-5590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 59
IS 5
BP 1691
EP 1703
DI 10.4319/lo.2014.59.5.1691
PG 13
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AU2QE
UT WOS:000345462100019
ER
PT J
AU Funk, C
Hoell, A
Stone, D
AF Funk, Chris
Hoell, Andrew
Stone, Daithi
TI EXAMINING THE CONTRIBUTION OF THE OBSERVED GLOBAL WARMING TREND TO THE
CALIFORNIA DROUGHTS OF 2012/13 AND 2013/14
SO BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
AB Long-term SST warming trends did not contribute substantially to the 2012/13 and 2013/14 California droughts. North Pacific SSTs were exceptionally warm, however; and coupled models indicate more frequent extreme precipitation.
C1 [Funk, Chris] US Geol Survey, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
[Funk, Chris; Hoell, Andrew] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Climate Hazard Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Stone, Daithi] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Funk, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Barbara, CA USA.
NR 0
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 36
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 0003-0007
EI 1520-0477
J9 B AM METEOROL SOC
JI Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 95
IS 9
SU S
BP S11
EP S15
PG 5
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AT3FD
UT WOS:000344820500004
ER
PT J
AU Copeland, HE
Sawyer, H
Monteith, KL
Naugle, DE
Pocewicz, A
Graf, N
Kauffman, MJ
AF Copeland, H. E.
Sawyer, H.
Monteith, K. L.
Naugle, D. E.
Pocewicz, A.
Graf, N.
Kauffman, M. J.
TI Conserving migratory mule deer through the umbrella of sage-grouse
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Centrocerus urophasianus; conservation easements; conservation
effectiveness; energy development; Green River Basin; migratory
corridors; mule deer; Odocoileus hemionus; sage-grouse core area;
umbrella conservation; ungulate migration
ID WINTER HABITAT SELECTION; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; CONSERVATION SURROGATES;
AUTUMN NUTRITION; EASEMENTS; REPRODUCTION; FLAGSHIPS; UNGULATE; SUMMER;
RANGE
AB Conserving migratory ungulates in increasingly human-dominated landscapes presents a difficult challenge to land managers and conservation practitioners. Nevertheless, ungulates may receive ancillary benefits from conservation actions designed to protect species of greater conservation priority where their ranges are sympatric. Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocerus urophasianus), for example, have been proposed as an umbrella species for other sagebrush (Artemesia spp.)-dependent fauna. We examined a landscape where conservation efforts for sage-grouse overlap spatially with mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) to determine whether sage-grouse conservation measures also might protect important mule deer migration routes and seasonal ranges. We conducted a spatial analysis to determine what proportion of migration routes, stopover areas, and winter ranges used by mule deer were located in areas managed for sage-grouse conservation. Conservation measures overlapped with 66-70% of migration corridors, 74-75% of stopovers, and 52-91% of wintering areas for two mule deer populations in the upper Green River Basin of Wyoming. Of those proportions, conservation actions targeted towards sage-grouse accounted for approximately half of the overlap in corridors and stopover areas, and nearly all overlap on winter ranges, indicating that sage-grouse conservation efforts represent an important step in conserving migratory mule deer. Conservation of migratory species presents unique challenges because although overlap with conserved lands may be high, connectivity of the entire route must be maintained as barriers to movement anywhere within the migration corridor could render it unviable. Where mule deer habitats overlap with sage-grouse core areas, our results indicate that increased protection is afforded to winter ranges and migration routes within the umbrella of sage-grouse conservation, but this protection is contingent on concentrated developments within core areas not intersecting with high-priority stopovers or corridors, and that the policy in turn does not encourage development on deer ranges outside of core areas. With the goal of protecting entire migration routes, our analysis highlights areas of potential conservation focus for mule deer, which are characterized by high exposure to residential development and use by a large proportion of migrating deer.
C1 [Copeland, H. E.; Pocewicz, A.] Nature Conservancy, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
[Sawyer, H.] Western Ecosyst Technol Inc, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Monteith, K. L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Naugle, D. E.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Graf, N.] Univ Wyoming, Wyoming Geog Informat Sci Ctr, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, M. J.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Copeland, HE (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, 258 Main St, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
EM hcopeland@tnc.org
FU Knobloch Family Foundation; Kaplan Family Foundation; NRCS Sage Grouse
Initiative; Mule Deer Foundation; Nature Conservancy
FX We are grateful to the Knobloch Family Foundation, Kaplan Family
Foundation, NRCS Sage Grouse Initiative, Mule Deer Foundation and The
Nature Conservancy for financial support. We thank several individuals
for help with data and fact-checking including Lisa McGee, Dan Stroud,
and Tim Griffiths. We thank several anonymous reviewers for thoughtful
comments and edit suggestions. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 4
U2 41
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 9
AR 117
DI 10.1890/ES14-00186.1
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DM
UT WOS:000345097000014
ER
PT J
AU Jules, ES
Carroll, AL
Garcia, AM
Steenbock, CM
Kauffman, MJ
AF Jules, Erik S.
Carroll, Allyson L.
Garcia, Andrea M.
Steenbock, Christopher M.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
TI Host heterogeneity influences the impact of a non-native disease
invasion on populations of a foundation tree species
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Chamaecyparis lawsoniana; disease ecology; foundation species; host
heterogeneity; invasion ecology; Phytophthora lateralis; Port Orford
cedar; riparian areas; Siskiyou Mountains
ID SUDDEN OAK DEATH; MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; PORT-ORFORD-CEDAR; INTRODUCED
PATHOGEN; BLISTER RUST; AMERICAN CHESTNUT; WHITEBARK-PINE; FOREST
DISEASE; ECOSYSTEM; PLANT
AB Invasive pathogens are becoming increasingly important in forested ecosystems, yet they are often difficult to study because of their rapid transmission. The rate and extent of pathogen spread are thought to be partially controlled by variation in host characteristics, such as when host size and location influence susceptibility. Few host-pathogen systems, however, have been used to test this prediction. We used Port Orford cedar (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), a foundation tree species in riparian areas of California and Oregon (USA), and the invasive oomycete Phytophthora lateralis to assess pathogen impacts and the role of host characteristics on invasion. Across three streams that had been infected for 13-18 years by P. lateralis, we mapped 2241 trees and determined whether they had been infected using dendrochronology. The infection probability of trees was governed by host size (diameter at breast height [DBH]) and geomorphic position (e.g., active channel, stream bank, floodplain, etc.) similarly across streams. For instance, only 23% of trees,20 cm DBH were infected, while 69% of trees >= 20 cm DBH were infected. Presumably, because spores of P. lateralis are transported downstream in water, they are more likely to encounter well-developed root systems of larger trees. Also because of this water-transport of spores, differences in infection probability were found across the geomorphic positions: 59% of cedar in the active channel and the stream bank (combined) were infected, while 23% of trees found on higher geomorphic types were infected. Overall, 32% of cedar had been infected across the three streams. However, 63% of the total cedar basal area had been killed, because the greatest number of trees, and the largest trees, were found in the most susceptible positions. In the active channel and stream bank, 91% of the basal area was infected, while 46% was infected across higher geomorphic positions. The invasion of Port Orford cedar populations by P. lateralis causes profound impacts to population structure and the invasion outcome will be governed by the heterogeneity found in host size and location. Models of disease invasion will require an understanding of how heterogeneity influences spread dynamics to adequately predict the outcome for host populations.
C1 [Jules, Erik S.; Garcia, Andrea M.; Steenbock, Christopher M.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Carroll, Allyson L.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildland Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Jules, ES (reprint author), Humboldt State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
EM erik.jules@humboldt.edu
FU NSF [DEB-9806722]; College of Natural Resources and Department of
Biological Sciences; Humboldt State University
FX We thank Jeremy Borgeson, Krishna Dole, Ansgar Kahman, Leo Polansky,
Jenny Taylor, Lindia Hammer, Thomas Lee, and Priya Shahani for
assistance with field work. We also thank Dan Doak for formative help
with all parts of this project. In addition, we are grateful for
excellent comments on a previous version of this manuscript from Phil
van Mantgem, Morgan Varner, and three anonymous reviewers. Funding was
provided by NSF grant DEB-9806722, and the College of Natural Resources
and Department of Biological Sciences, Humboldt State University. Della
Steele provided a workspace for E. S. Jules during a sabbatical. Any use
of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 62
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 6
U2 17
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 9
AR 105
DI 10.1890/ES14-00043.1
PG 17
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DM
UT WOS:000345097000002
ER
PT J
AU Rodhouse, TJ
Irvine, KM
Sheley, RL
Smith, BS
Hoh, S
Esposito, DM
Mata-Gonzalez, R
AF Rodhouse, Thomas J.
Irvine, Kathryn M.
Sheley, Roger L.
Smith, Brenda S.
Hoh, Shirley
Esposito, Daniel M.
Mata-Gonzalez, Ricardo
TI Predicting foundation bunchgrass species abundances: model-assisted
decision-making in protected-area sagebrush steppe
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Achnatherum thurberianum; Bromus tectorum; decision-making; invasive
plants; monitoring; national parks; Poa secunda; predictive modeling;
proportional odds logistic regression; Pseudoroegneria spicata;
sagebrush; Taeniatherum caput-medusae
ID INVASIVE-PLANT MANAGEMENT; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN;
NATURAL-RESOURCES; DESERT SHRUBLANDS; NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES;
RANGELAND; FIRE; RESTORATION
AB Foundation species are structurally dominant members of ecological communities that can stabilize ecological processes and influence resilience to disturbance and resistance to invasion. Being common, they are often overlooked for conservation but are increasingly threatened from land use change, biological invasions, and over-exploitation. The pattern of foundation species abundances over space and time may be used to guide decision-making, particularly in protected areas for which they are iconic. We used ordinal logistic regression to identify the important environmental influences on the abundance patterns of bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata), Thurber's needlegrass (Achnatherum thurberianum), and Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda) in protected-area sagebrush steppe. We then predicted bunchgrass abundances along gradients of topography, disturbance, and invasive annual grass abundance. We used model predictions to prioritize the landscape for implementation of a management and restoration decision-support tool. Models were fit to categorical estimates of grass cover obtained from an extensive ground-based monitoring dataset. We found that remnant stands of abundant wheatgrass and bluegrass were associated with steep north-facing slopes in higher and more remote portions of the landscape outside of recently burned areas where invasive annual grasses were less abundant. These areas represented only 25% of the landscape and were prioritized for protection efforts. Needlegrass was associated with south-facing slopes, but in low abundance and in association with invasive cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum). Abundances of all three species were strongly negatively correlated with occurrence of another invasive annual grass, medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae). The rarity of priority bunchgrass stands underscored the extent of degradation and the need for prioritization. We found no evidence that insularity reduced invasibility; annual grass invasion represents a serious threat to protected-area bunchgrass communities. Our study area was entirely within the Wyoming big sagebrush ecological zone, understood to have inherently low resilience to disturbance and resistance to weed invasion. However, our study revealed important variation in abundance of the foundation species associated with resilience and resistance along the topographic-soil moisture gradient within this zone, providing an important foothold for conservation decision-making in these steppe ecosystems. We found the foundation species focus a parsimonious strategy linking monitoring to decision-making via biogeographic modeling.
C1 [Rodhouse, Thomas J.] Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, Bend, OR 97701 USA.
[Irvine, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Sheley, Roger L.; Smith, Brenda S.] ARS, USDA, Burns, OR 97720 USA.
[Hoh, Shirley] Natl Pk Serv, John Day Fossil Beds Natl Monument, Kimberly, OR 97848 USA.
[Esposito, Daniel M.; Mata-Gonzalez, Ricardo] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anim & Rangeland Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Rodhouse, TJ (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, 63095 Deschutes Market Rd, Bend, OR 97701 USA.
EM Tom_Rodhouse@nps.gov
OI Rodhouse, Thomas/0000-0001-5953-9113
FU National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring Program; John Day Fossil
Beds National Monument; USDA Agricultural Research Service
FX G. Dicus and M. Lonneker provided data management and GIS support. J.
Yeo was instrumental to the development of the monitoring program and
made valuable suggestions throughout the study. Funding for this project
was provided by the National Park Service Inventory and Monitoring
Program, the John Day Fossil Beds National Monument, and the USDA
Agricultural Research Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 5
U2 35
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 9
AR 108
DI 10.1890/ES14-00169.1
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DM
UT WOS:000345097000005
ER
PT J
AU Tracey, JA
Bevins, SN
VandeWoude, S
Crooks, KR
AF Tracey, Jeff A.
Bevins, Sarah N.
VandeWoude, Sue
Crooks, Kevin R.
TI An agent-based movement model to assess the impact of landscape
fragmentation on disease transmission
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE agent-based model; animal movement; bobcat; epidemiology; habitat
fragmentation; individual-based model; landscape connectivity; Lynx
rufus; wildlife disease
ID FELINE IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION;
INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; CANINE PATHOGENS; URBAN LANDSCAPE; NATIONAL-PARK;
RURAL ZONES; GRAY FOXES; CONSERVATION; BOBCATS
AB Landscape changes can result in habitat fragmentation and reduced landscape connectivity, limiting the ability of animals to move across space and altering infectious disease dynamics in wildlife. In this study, we develop and implement an agent-based model to assess the impacts of animal movement behavior and landscape structure on disease dynamics. We model a susceptible/infective disease state system applicable to the transmission of feline immunodeficiency virus in bobcats in the urbanized landscape of coastal southern California. Our agent-based model incorporates animal movement behavior, pathogen prevalence, transmission probability, and habitat fragmentation to evaluate how these variables influence disease spread in urbanizing landscapes. We performed a sensitivity analysis by simulating the system under 4200 different combinations of model parameters and evaluating disease transmission outcomes. Our model reveals that host movement behavior and response to landscape features play a pivotal role in determining how habitat fragmentation influences disease dynamics. Importantly, interactions among habitat fragmentation and movement had non-linear and counter-intuitive effects on disease transmission. For example, the model predicts that an intermediate level of non-habitat permeability and directionality will result in the highest rates of between-patch disease transmission. Agent-based models serve as computational laboratories that provide a powerful approach for quantitatively and visually exploring the role of animal behavior and anthropogenic landscape change on contacts among agents and the spread of disease. Such questions are challenging to study empirically given that it is difficult or impossible to experimentally manipulate actual landscapes and the animals and pathogens that move through them. Modeling the relationship between habitat fragmentation, animal movement behavior, and disease spread will improve understanding of the spread of potentially destructive pathogens through wildlife populations, as well as domestic animals and humans.
C1 [Tracey, Jeff A.; Crooks, Kevin R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Bevins, Sarah N.; VandeWoude, Sue] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Tracey, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, San Diego Field Stn, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM jeff.a.tracey@gmail.com
FU NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease research program [NSF EF-0723676]
FX We thank E. Boydston, R. Fisher, and L. Lyren for their collaboration on
field research of bobcats in southern California, and M. Lappin and M.
Salman for their input on the disease component of the study. Additional
information on model design and implementation is available from the
authors. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply an endorsement by the US Government.
This study was supported by NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease research
program (NSF EF-0723676). The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 54
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 10
U2 54
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 5
IS 9
AR 119
DI 10.1890/ES13-00376.1
PG 24
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AT7DM
UT WOS:000345097000016
ER
PT J
AU Ingebritsen, SE
Galloway, DL
AF Ingebritsen, S. E.
Galloway, D. L.
TI Coastal subsidence and relative sea level rise
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE subsidence; groundwater; coastal
ID DELTA
AB Subsurface fluid-pressure declines caused by pumping of groundwater or hydrocarbons can lead to aquifer-system compaction and consequent land subsidence. This subsidence can be rapid, as much as 30 cm per year in some instances, and large, totaling more than 13 m in extreme examples. Thus anthropogenic subsidence may be the dominant contributor to relative sea-level rise in coastal environments where subsurface fluids are heavily exploited. Maximum observed rates of human-induced subsidence greatly exceed the rates of natural subsidence of unconsolidated sediments (similar to 0.1-1 cm yr(-1)) and the estimated rates of ongoing global sea-level rise (similar to 0.3 cm yr(-1)).
C1 [Ingebritsen, S. E.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Galloway, D. L.] US Geol Survey, Indianapolis, IN USA.
RP Ingebritsen, SE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM seingebr@usgs.gov
OI Galloway, Devin/0000-0003-0904-5355
NR 12
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 17
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR 091002
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/9/091002
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AT5DK
UT WOS:000344963500002
ER
PT J
AU Shukla, S
Funk, C
Hoell, A
AF Shukla, Shraddhanand
Funk, Christopher
Hoell, Andrew
TI Using constructed analogs to improve the skill of National Multi-Model
Ensemble March-April-May precipitation forecasts in equatorial East
Africa
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE rainfall forecast; East Africa; NMME
ID SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURE; SEASONAL RAINFALL; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
PREDICTABILITY; DROUGHT
AB In this study we implement and evaluate a simple 'hybrid' forecast approach that uses constructed analogs (CA) to improve the National Multi-Model Ensemble's (NMME) March-April-May (MAM) precipitation forecasts over equatorial eastern Africa (hereafter referred to as EA, 2 degrees S to 8 degrees N and 36 degrees E to 46 degrees E). Due to recent declines in MAM rainfall, increases in population, land degradation, and limited technological advances, this region has become a recent epicenter of food insecurity. Timely and skillful precipitation forecasts for EA could help decision makers better manage their limited resources, mitigate socio-economic losses, and potentially save human lives. The 'hybrid approach' described in this study uses the CA method to translate dynamical precipitation and sea surface temperature (SST) forecasts over the Indian and Pacific Oceans (specifically 30 degrees S to 30 degrees N and 30 degrees E to 270 degrees E) into terrestrial MAM precipitation forecasts over the EA region. In doing so, this approach benefits from the post-1999 teleconnection that exists between precipitation and SSTs over the Indian and tropical Pacific Oceans (Indo-Pacific) and EA MAM rainfall. The coupled atmosphere-ocean dynamical forecasts used in this study were drawn from the NMME. We demonstrate that while the MAM precipitation forecasts (initialized in February) skill of the NMME models over the EA region itself is negligible, the ranked probability skill score of hybrid CA forecasts based on Indo-Pacific NMME precipitation and SST forecasts reach up to 0.45.
C1 [Shukla, Shraddhanand; Funk, Christopher; Hoell, Andrew] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Shukla, Shraddhanand] Univ Corp Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO USA.
[Funk, Christopher] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA.
RP Shukla, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Climate Hazards Grp, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM shrad@geog.ucsb.edu
FU Postdoc Applying Climate Expertise (PACE) Fellowship Program - NOAA
Climate Program Office; USGS [G09AC000001]; NASA SERVIR award
[NNX13AQ95A]; USAID Office of Food for Peace [AID-FFP-P-10-00002]; USGS
Land Change Science Program
FX Dr Shukla is currently supported by the Postdoc Applying Climate
Expertise (PACE) Fellowship Program, partially funded by the NOAA
Climate Program Office and administered by the UCAR Visiting Scientist
Programs. This work was also supported through USGS cooperative
agreement #G09AC000001 'Monitoring and Forecasting Climate, Water and
Land Use for Food Production in the Developing World', with funding from
NASA SERVIR award #NNX13AQ95A for 'Leveraging CMIP5 & NASA/GMAO Coupled
Modeling Capacity for SERVIR East Africa Climate Projections'; USAID
Office of Food for Peace, award #AID-FFP-P-10-00002 for 'Famine Early
Warning Systems Network Support'; and the USGS Land Change Science
Program.
NR 52
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 14
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 1748-9326
J9 ENVIRON RES LETT
JI Environ. Res. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 9
IS 9
AR 094009
DI 10.1088/1748-9326/9/9/094009
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA AT5DK
UT WOS:000344963500014
ER
PT J
AU Magen, C
Lapham, LL
Pohlman, JW
Marshall, K
Bosman, S
Casso, M
Chanton, JP
AF Magen, Cedric
Lapham, Laura L.
Pohlman, John W.
Marshall, Kathleen
Bosman, Samantha
Casso, Michael
Chanton, Jeffrey P.
TI A simple headspace equilibration method for measuring dissolved methane
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY-METHODS
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; WATER COLUMN; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; NORTH PACIFIC;
OXIDATION; SEAWATER; CONSUMPTION; BASIN; CALIFORNIA; GAS
AB Dissolved methane concentrations in the ocean are close to equilibrium with the atmosphere. Because methane is only sparingly soluble in seawater, measuring it without contamination is challenging for samples collected and processed in the presence of air. Several methods for analyzing dissolved methane are described in the literature, yet none has conducted a thorough assessment of the method yield, contamination issues during collection, transport and storage, and the effect of temperature changes and preservative. Previous extraction methods transfer methane from water to gas by either a "sparge and trap" or a "headspace equilibration" technique. The gas is then analyzed for methane by gas chromatography. Here, we revisit the headspace equilibration technique and describe a simple, inexpensive, and reliable method to measure methane in fresh and seawater, regardless of concentration. Within the range of concentrations typically found in surface seawaters (2-1000 nmol L-1), the yield of the method nears 100% of what is expected from solubility calculation following the addition of known amount of methane. In addition to being sensitive (detection limit of 0.1 ppmv, or 0.74 nmol L-1), this method requires less than 10 min per sample, and does not use highly toxic chemicals. It can be conducted with minimum materials and does not require the use of a gas chromatograph at the collection site. It can therefore be used in various remote working environments and conditions.
C1 [Magen, Cedric; Bosman, Samantha; Chanton, Jeffrey P.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Magen, Cedric; Lapham, Laura L.; Marshall, Kathleen] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA.
[Pohlman, John W.; Casso, Michael] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Magen, C (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
EM cedric.magen@gmail.com
RI Lapham, Laura/A-4035-2011
FU BP/The Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative
FX We thank the captains and crews of the R/V Pelican, Atlantic Explorer
and USCGC Healy, without whom this research would not have been
possible. This research was made possible in part by a grant from BP/The
Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative to the Deep-C research consortium
administered by Florida State University, and in part by a grant from
BP/the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative to support the research
consortium "Ecosystem Impacts of Oil and Gas Inputs to the Gulf"
(ECOGIG) administered by the University of Mississippi (GRI-IDC #
R1.X132.134:0019). We thank John Kessler and an anonymous reviewer for
providing us with comments that greatly improved an earlier version of
this manuscript. This is UMCES contribution #4947, and ECOGIG
contribution #212. Any use of trade names is only for descriptive
purposes and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 53
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 35
PU AMER SOC LIMNOLOGY OCEANOGRAPHY
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710-4446 USA
SN 1541-5856
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR-METH
JI Limnol. Oceanogr. Meth.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 12
BP 637
EP 650
DI 10.4319/lom.2014.12.637
PG 14
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AU0XD
UT WOS:000345344600001
ER
PT J
AU Bohlke, JK
AF Boehlke, J. K.
TI Variation in the terrestrial isotopic composition and atomic weight of
argon (IUPAC Technical Report)
SO PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 27th International Carbohydrate Symposium (ICS)
CY JAN 12-17, 2014
CL Bangalore, INDIA
DE argon; atomic weight; atomic-weight interval; geochronology; isotopic
composition; isotopic fractionation; IUPAC Inorganic Chemistry Division;
noble gas; radioactive; radiogenic; standard atomic weight
ID NOBLE-GASES; FLUID INCLUSIONS; DECAY CONSTANTS; POPPING ROCK; ELEMENTS;
MANTLE; FRACTIONATION; NITROGEN; RATIOS; AIR
AB The isotopic composition and atomic weight of argon (Ar) are variable in terrestrial materials. Those variations are a source of uncertainty in the assignment of standard properties for Ar, but they provide useful information in many areas of science. Variations in the stable isotopic composition and atomic weight of Ar are caused by several different processes, including (1) isotope production from other elements by radioactive decay (radiogenic isotopes) or other nuclear transformations (e.g., nucleogenic isotopes), and (2) isotopic fractionation by physical-chemical processes such as diffusion or phase equilibria. Physical-chemical processes cause correlated mass-dependent variations in the Ar isotope-amount ratios (Ar-40/Ar-36, Ar-38/Ar-36), whereas nuclear transformation processes cause non-mass-dependent variations. While atmospheric Ar can serve as an abundant and homogeneous isotopic reference, deviations from the atmospheric isotopic ratios in other Ar occurrences limit the precision with which a standard atomic weight can be given for Ar. Published data indicate variation of Ar atomic weights in normal terrestrial materials between about 39.7931 and 39.9624. The upper bound of this interval is given by the atomic mass of Ar-40, as some samples contain almost pure radiogenic Ar-40. The lower bound is derived from analyses of pitchblende (uranium mineral) containing large amounts of nucleogenic 36Ar and Ar-38. Within this interval, measurements of different isotope ratios (Ar-40/Ar-36 or Ar-38/Ar-36) at various levels of precision are widely used for studies in geochronology, water-rock interaction, atmospheric evolution, and other fields.
C1 US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Bohlke, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM jkbohlke@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program; IUPAC Project
[2009-023-1-200]
FX Preparation of this report was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey
National Research Program and IUPAC Project #2009-023-1-200, "Evaluation
of radiogenic isotopic abundance variations in selected elements",
chaired by M. E. Wieser, University of Calgary. Michael Kunk (USGS) and
three anonymous reviewers provided helpful reviews of the original
manuscript.
NR 60
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 6
PU WALTER DE GRUYTER GMBH
PI BERLIN
PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 0033-4545
EI 1365-3075
J9 PURE APPL CHEM
JI Pure Appl. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 86
IS 9
BP 1421
EP 1432
DI 10.1515/pac-2013-0918
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry
GA AT6QF
UT WOS:000345063100008
ER
PT J
AU Ayre, KK
Caldwell, CA
Stinson, J
Landis, WG
AF Ayre, Kimberley Kolb
Caldwell, Colleen A.
Stinson, Jonah
Landis, Wayne G.
TI Analysis of Regional Scale Risk of Whirling Disease in Populations of
Colorado and Rio Grande Cutthroat Trout Using a Bayesian Belief Network
Model
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian belief network; ecological risk; emerging diseases
ID MYXOBOLUS-CEREBRALIS INFECTION; RAINBOW-TROUT; TUBIFEX-TUBIFEX;
SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; MYXOSOMA-CEREBRALIS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
UPSTREAM MOVEMENT; CAUSATIVE AGENT; SALMO-TRUTTA; TRADE-OFFS
AB Introduction and spread of the parasite Myxobolus cerebralis, the causative agent of whirling disease, has contributed to the collapse of wild trout populations throughout the intermountain west. Of concern is the risk the disease may have on conservation and recovery of native cutthroat trout. We employed a Bayesian belief network to assess probability of whirling disease in Colorado River and Rio Grande cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii pleuriticus and Oncorhynchus clarkii virginalis, respectively) within their current ranges in the southwest United States. Available habitat (as defined by gradient and elevation) for intermediate oligochaete worm host, Tubifex tubifex, exerted the greatest influence on the likelihood of infection, yet prevalence of stream barriers also affected the risk outcome. Management areas that had the highest likelihood of infected Colorado River cutthroat trout were in the eastern portion of their range, although the probability of infection was highest for populations in the southern, San Juan subbasin. Rio Grande cutthroat trout had a relatively low likelihood of infection, with populations in the southernmost Pecos management area predicted to be at greatest risk. The Bayesian risk assessment model predicted the likelihood of whirling disease infection from its principal transmission vector, fish movement, and suggested that barriers may be effective in reducing risk of exposure to native trout populations. Data gaps, especially with regard to location of spawning, highlighted the importance in developing monitoring plans that support future risk assessments and adaptive management for subspecies of cutthroat trout.
C1 [Ayre, Kimberley Kolb; Stinson, Jonah; Landis, Wayne G.] Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Inst Environm Toxicol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
[Caldwell, Colleen A.] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Ayre, KK (reprint author), Western Washington Univ, Huxley Coll Environm, Inst Environm Toxicol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
EM kim.kolb@wwu.edu
FU National Partnership on the Management of Wild and Native Coldwater
Fisheries, Whirling Disease Initiative, Montana Water Center, Montana
State University, Bozeman, Montana; Montana State University-Bozeman
[1-56232]; U.S. Geological Survey, New Mexico Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit, New Mexico State University; New Mexico State
University, Agriculture Experiment Station; Department of Fish, Wildlife
and Conservation Ecology
FX This research was supported by a grant from National Partnership on the
Management of Wild and Native Coldwater Fisheries, Whirling Disease
Initiative, Montana Water Center, Montana State University, Bozeman,
Montana. This research also was supported by Grant 1-56232 from Montana
State University-Bozeman to Western Washington University, with
additional support provided by U.S. Geological Survey, New Mexico
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, New Mexico State University
and New Mexico State University, Agriculture Experiment Station and the
Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology. This work could
not have been accomplished without the data provided by the New Mexico
Department of Game and Fish (R. Hansen), Colorado Division of Wildlife
(B. Nehring), Colorado River Cutthroat Status Assessment Conservation
Team, and database and the expertise of R. DuBey. Any use of trade names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. government.
NR 77
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 9
U2 25
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0272-4332
EI 1539-6924
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 34
IS 9
BP 1589
EP 1605
DI 10.1111/risa.12189
PG 17
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA AU0NW
UT WOS:000345321000003
PM 24660663
ER
PT J
AU Mounce, HL
Iknayan, KJ
Leonard, DL
Swinnerton, KJ
Groombridge, JJ
AF Mounce, Hanna L.
Iknayan, Kelly J.
Leonard, David L.
Swinnerton, Kirsty J.
Groombridge, Jim J.
TI Management implications derived from long term re-sight data: annual
survival of the Maui Parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys
SO BIRD CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
ID 2 HAWAIIAN HONEYCREEPERS; FOOD SUPPLEMENTATION; REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MARKED ANIMALS; NEST PREDATION; RODENT CONTROL;
RAIN-FOREST; BIRDS; PRODUCTIVITY
AB The accurate estimation of key demographic parameters is invaluable for making decisions about the management of endangered wildlife but such estimates are often difficult to obtain. Parameters such as species-specific apparent survival rates are an important component in understanding population ecology and informing management decisions. The Maui Parrotbill Pseudonestor xanthophrys is a 'Critically Endangered' Hawaiian honeycreeper endemic to the Island of Maui. We used an 18-year encounter history dataset comprising 146 marked individuals to estimate apparent survival between sexes and age classes (juvenile, adult). A difference in survival rates between sexes was strongly supported; 0.72 +/- 0.04 for adult females and 0.82 +/- 0.03 for adult males. This difference may be a reflection of either reproductive costs or additional risks of incubation and brooding, such as depredation. We also found support for age-biased survival, but limited information for juveniles did not provide a well-supported model fit for our data (juvenile survival = 0.17 +/- 0.15; adults = 0.78 +/- 0.02). However, apparent adult survival was similar to that of other Hawaiian passerines (mean 0.78 +/- 0.03, n = 16). These results suggest that efforts to prevent the extinction of this species may benefit from future management strategies focused on increasing female survival such as predator reduction.
C1 [Mounce, Hanna L.] Maui Forest Bird Recovery Project, Makawao, HI 96768 USA.
[Mounce, Hanna L.; Groombridge, Jim J.] Univ Kent, Durrell Inst Conservat & Ecol, Canterbury, Kent, England.
[Iknayan, Kelly J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Leonard, David L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
[Swinnerton, Kirsty J.] Isl Conservat, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Mounce, HL (reprint author), Maui Forest Bird Recovery Project, Makawao, HI 96768 USA.
EM mounce@hawaii.edu
FU State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of
Forestry and Wildlife; Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit, University of
Hawaii; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This study was conducted by the Maui Forest Bird Recovery Project, a
project administered and funded by the Pacific Cooperative Studies Unit,
University of Hawaii, the State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural
Resources, Division of Forestry and Wildlife, and the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. The Division of Forestry and Wildlife, and the Pacific
Island Office of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided scientific
input, access into the Hanawi Natural Area Reserve and the required
state and federal permits. We would like to thank the following partners
for logistical support and access to their properties: the Hawaii
Natural Area Reserves System Commission, Haleakala National Park,
Haleakala Ranch, The Nature Conservancy, Tri-Isle RC and D, Pacific
Helicopters, and Windward Aviation. We would like to thank Thane Pratt,
John Simon, Paul Baker, and Stuart Pimm for use of their banding and
re-sight data. We are grateful to Rick Camp and the Hawaii Forest Bird
Interagency Database Project for providing population estimates and
densities from historical and recent bird surveys. This manuscript was
greatly improved by the help of Eben Paxton and one anonymous reviewer.
Finally, we thank all of the seasonal biologists who assisted in the
strenuous data collection for this study.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 13
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI NEW YORK
PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA
SN 0959-2709
EI 1474-0001
J9 BIRD CONSERV INT
JI Bird Conserv. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 24
IS 3
BP 316
EP 326
DI 10.1017/S0959270913000476
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA AT3CS
UT WOS:000344814300006
ER
PT J
AU Andersen, DC
Adair, EC
Nelson, SM
Binkley, D
AF Andersen, Douglas C.
Adair, Elizabeth Carol
Nelson, Sigfrid Mark
Binkley, Dan
TI Can Nitrogen Fertilization Aid Restoration of Mature Tree Productivity
in Degraded Dryland Riverine Ecosystems?
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cold desert; Colorado; environmental constraints; floodplain; Fremont
cottonwood; growth; nutrient; Populus; tree rings
ID FREMONT COTTONWOOD SEEDLINGS; RIPARIAN COTTONWOODS; FOREST CONSERVATION;
POPULUS-DELTOIDES; WATER RELATIONS; GROWTH; FLOODPLAIN; RESPONSES;
DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE
AB Restoration of riparian forest productivity lost as a consequence of flow regulation is a common management goal in dryland riverine ecosystems. In the northern hemisphere, dryland river floodplain trees often include one or another species of Populus, which are fast-growing, nutrient-demanding trees. Because the trees are phreatophytic in drylands, and have water needs met in whole or in part by a shallow water table, their productivity may be limited by nitrogen (N) availability, which commonly limits primary productivity in mesic environments. We added 20 g N m(-2) in a 2-m radius around the base of mature Populus fremontii along each of a regulated and free-flowing river in semiarid northwest Colorado, USA (total n = 42) in order to test whether growth is constrained by low soil N. Twelve years after fertilization, we collected increment cores from these and matched unfertilized trees and compared radial growth ratios (growth in the 3-year post-fertilization period/growth in the 3-year pre-fertilization period) in paired t tests. We expected a higher mean ratio in the fertilized trees. No effect from fertilization was detected, nor was a trend evident on either river. An alternative test using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) produced a similar result. Our results underscore the need for additional assessment of which and to what extent factors other than water control dryland riverine productivity. Positive confirmation of adequate soil nutrients at these and other dryland riparian sites would bolster the argument that flow management is necessary and sufficient to maximize productivity and enhance resilience in affected desert riverine forests.
C1 [Andersen, Douglas C.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Adair, Elizabeth Carol] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA.
[Nelson, Sigfrid Mark] US Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Binkley, Dan] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Binkley, Dan] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Andersen, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM doug_andersen@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Bureau of Reclamation's Science and Technology
Program
FX We thank the Superintendent of Dinosaur National Monument and the
Manager of Browns Park National Wildlife for permission to work on these
public lands. Comments by Jonathan Friedman, Stewart Rood, and anonymous
reviewers helped us to improve the manuscript. The authors declare they
have no conflicts of interest pertinent to the material presented here.
This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Bureau of
Reclamation's Science and Technology Program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 5
BP 582
EP 589
DI 10.1111/rec.12104
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS8DG
UT WOS:000344479800004
ER
PT J
AU Jones, LC
Schwinning, S
Esque, TC
AF Jones, Lisa C.
Schwinning, Susanne
Esque, Todd C.
TI Seedling Ecology and Restoration of Blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima)
in the Mojave Desert, United States
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; disturbance; elevation gradient; nurse plants; rodents;
seed balls; seed bank; stress gradient; survivorship
ID NORTH-AMERICA; COMMUNITIES; RECOVERY; DISTURBANCE; TRANSITION;
TRIDENTATA; ECOSYSTEM; INVASION; SHRUBS
AB Increases in fire frequency are disrupting many ecological communities not historically subjected to fire. In the southwestern United States, the blackbrush (Coleogyne ramosissima) community is among the most threatened, often replaced by invasive annual grasses after fire. This long-lived shrub is vulnerable because it recruits sporadically, partially due to mast seeding and the absence of a seed bank. The goal of this study was to evaluate if shrub restoration can be enhanced by identifying and ameliorating recruitment limitations. Specifically, we tested the effect of encapsulating seeds in predation-deterring "seed balls." We also tested the effects of nurse plants and mammalian exclusion cages on seedling emergence, growth, and survivorship. These experiments were conducted in a full-factorial design across three sites differing in elevation. Over 2 years, 13% of all planted seeds emerged and the effect of seed balls was overwhelmingly negative because of low emergence. Nurse plants had overall positive effects at Low Elevation, but negative effects at Mid- and High Elevation. Emergence and survival were highest in caged plots everywhere, and effect sizes increased with elevation. Interactions between the cage and the nurse plant treatments indicated that nurse plants tended to attract mammalian predators, lowering emergence and seedling survivorship, particularly at higher elevations. Findings conform to the stress-gradient hypothesis in that interactions among seedlings and mature plants shifted from facilitation to competition as environmental stress decreased with increasing elevation, suggesting that they are transferable to ecologically similar communities elsewhere. Knowledge of site-specific recruitment limitations can help minimize ineffective restoration efforts.
C1 [Jones, Lisa C.; Schwinning, Susanne] Texas State Univ San Marcos, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Esque, Todd C.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
RP Jones, LC (reprint author), Texas State Univ San Marcos, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM LisaCJones@gmail.com
RI Schwinning, Susanne/G-6412-2015
OI Schwinning, Susanne/0000-0002-9740-0291
FU Texas State University-San Marcos; USGS
FX We are grateful to our collaborators at the U. S. Geological Survey
(USGS) Las Vegas Field Station, particularly N. Custer and P. Emblidge
for field assistance. We thank J. Veech for comments on earlier drafts
that improved this manuscript. We also acknowledge H. Meckel, C. Warren,
H. Dammeyer, K. Goodsheller, and others for helping to make thousands of
seed balls. Funding was provided by Texas State University-San Marcos
and the USGS. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 31
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 4
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 22
IS 5
BP 692
EP 700
DI 10.1111/rec.12128
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA AS8DG
UT WOS:000344479800017
ER
PT J
AU Downs, DT
Wilson, CJN
Cole, JW
Rowland, JV
Calvert, AT
Leonard, GS
Keall, JM
AF Downs, D. T.
Wilson, C. J. N.
Cole, J. W.
Rowland, J. V.
Calvert, A. T.
Leonard, G. S.
Keall, J. M.
TI Age and eruptive center of the Paeroa Subgroup ignimbrites (Whakamaru
Group) within the Taupo Volcanic Zone of New Zealand
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID SILICIC MAGMATIC SYSTEM; REPOROA CALDERA; STRATIGRAPHY; GEOCHRONOLOGY;
EVOLUTION; HISTORY; BASIN; RIFT; PALEOMAGNETISM; SUBSIDENCE
AB We here explore the temporal and spatial relationships between the contrasting sources for two eruptive episodes that collectively represent the Whakamaru Group, the largest ignimbrite-forming sequence in the similar to 2 m.y. history of the Taupo Volcanic Zone in New Zealand. At 349 +/- 4 ka (weighted mean at 2 sigma), the >1500 km(3) widespread Whakamaru Group ignimbrites and similar to 700 km(3) Rangitawa Tephra fallout were erupted in association with collapse of the 40 km long by 25 km wide rectilinear Whakamaru caldera. New Ar-40/Ar-39 age data presented here show that the co-magmatic >110 km(3) Paeroa Subgroup ignimbrites, previously included as part of the Whakamaru Group, are slightly younger and were erupted at 339 +/- 5 ka (weighted mean at 2s). New field evidence also presented here demonstrates that the Paeroa Subgroup ignimbrites came from a source geographically separated from vents for the widespread Whakamaru Group ignimbrites. The presence of co-ignimbrite lag breccias, sizes of vent-derived lithic clasts, thicknesses of exposed and subsurface deposits, and morphologies of deposits imply that eruptions of the Paeroa Subgroup occurred from a linear source (the Paeroa linear vent zone), coinciding with the present-day northeast-striking Paeroa fault, and outside (northeast) of the earlier Whakamaru caldera collapse area. No separate caldera has been recognized, although three nearby areas may have undergone eruption-related subsidence. Residual magma from the Whakamaru or adjacent Kapenga caldera areas may have migrated toward the Paeroa linear vent zone during eruptive episodes, resulting in subsidence in either, or both, of these areas. Shallow plutons are also inferred to lie beneath near source fault blocks (Paeroa and Te Weta) on each side of the fault, and eruption-related subsidence may have been expressed as movement across the Paeroa fault and localized subsidence in the southern Paeroa fault block. Subsequent secular, rift-related displacement along the Paeroa fault has obscured the Paeroa linear vent zone.
C1 [Downs, D. T.; Rowland, J. V.] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
[Wilson, C. J. N.] Victoria Univ, Sch Geog Environm & Earth Sci, Wellington 6140, New Zealand.
[Cole, J. W.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Geol Sci, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand.
[Calvert, A. T.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Leonard, G. S.] GNS Sci, Lower Hutt 5035, New Zealand.
[Keall, J. M.] First Australian Resources Ltd, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
RP Downs, DT (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
EM d.downs@auckland.ac.nz
RI Leonard, Graham/B-5617-2012; Wilson, Colin/E-9457-2011;
OI Leonard, Graham/0000-0002-4859-0180; Wilson, Colin/0000-0001-7565-0743;
Downs, Drew/0000-0002-9056-1404
FU Ministry of Science and Innovation through the Geothermal Hotter and
Deeper program
FX We thank John Wilmshurst for X-ray fluorescence analyses and Euan Smith
for statistical analyses. Financial support was provided by the Ministry
of Science and Innovation through the Geothermal Hotter and Deeper
program. We greatly appreciate comments from Pilar Villamor and Darren
Gravley, and editorial handling and detailed comments by Jocelyn McPhie.
NR 49
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 3
U2 11
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 9-10
BP 1131
EP 1144
DI 10.1130/B30891.1
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AR7KP
UT WOS:000343758700001
ER
PT J
AU Moody, JA
Meade, RH
AF Moody, John A.
Meade, Robert H.
TI Ontogeny of point bars on a river in a cold semi-arid climate
SO GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID STRATIGRAPHIC SECTIONS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; RESIDENCE TIME; BEATTON RIVER;
POWDER RIVER; COMPLETENESS; SEDIMENT; DEPOSITS; MODELS; FLOODPLAINS
AB During the extreme flood of May 1978 in Powder River, Montana, USA, three new point bars were created: two by meander cutoffs, and one by 65 m of lateral channel migration. By using annual cross-sectional surveys and by sampling sediment in dug trenches, we documented the creation of point-bar platforms upon which sediments were later deposited to create point-bar features that evolved with time. Our observations of point-bar growth and evolution on Powder River are compared with similar observations of other point bars in humid subtropical and subarctic climates.
Powder River is a meandering alluvial river in a cold semi-arid climate, characterized by a diverse flow regime that includes occasional ice-jam floods in late winter, annual snowmelt floods in late spring, episodic flash floods in the summer, and infrequent floods in the fall. The building of the point-bar platform took place during a relatively short time span, by an apparently random process of deposition and erosion of unit bars during floods that gradually changed a concave channel surface to a convex surface upon which the point-bar features evolved. Point-bar features on Powder River were built by a superposition of multiple unit bars associated with five flood types over a period of years rather than during a single year. Erosion was found to be a significant process in the shaping of the point bars. Erosion varied spatially between point bars and temporally at multiple time scales over the 33 yr time span. Erosion at the decadal time scale indicated that on average 19%-41% of the initial deposits (older than 10 yr) were eroded. This quantification of erosion has implications for interpreting the geological record.
C1 [Moody, John A.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Meade, Robert H.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Moody, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,Suite E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM jamoody@usgs.gov
NR 57
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 10
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0016-7606
EI 1943-2674
J9 GEOL SOC AM BULL
JI Geol. Soc. Am. Bull.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2014
VL 126
IS 9-10
BP 1301
EP 1316
DI 10.1130/B30992.1
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AR7KP
UT WOS:000343758700010
ER
PT J
AU Lambin, EF
Meyfroidt, P
Rueda, X
Blackman, A
Borner, J
Cerutti, PO
Dietsch, T
Jungmann, L
Lamarque, P
Lister, J
Walker, NF
Wunder, S
AF Lambin, Eric F.
Meyfroidt, Patrick
Rueda, Ximena
Blackman, Allen
Boerner, Jan
Cerutti, Paolo Omar
Dietsch, Thomas
Jungmann, Laura
Lamarque, Penelope
Lister, Jane
Walker, Nathalie F.
Wunder, Sven
TI Effectiveness and synergies of policy instruments for land use
governance in tropical regions
SO GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE-HUMAN AND POLICY DIMENSIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Protected area; Certification; Commodity roundtables; Geographical
indication; Payment for environmental services; Deforestation
ID FOREST-STEWARDSHIP-COUNCIL; PROTECTED AREAS; ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES;
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES;
BRAZILIAN AMAZON; COSTA-RICA; MULTIFUNCTIONAL LANDSCAPES; CERTIFICATION
SCHEMES
AB Land use is regulated through various mixes of command-and-control interventions that directly affect land use via land use restrictions, and other public interventions that indirectly affect land use via agricultural, forestry, trade or macro-economic policies. More recently, coalitions of public and private actors have designed market-based and/or demand-led policy instruments to influence land use-e.g., eco-certification, geographical indications, commodity roundtables, moratoria, and payments for environmental services. These innovative instruments fall along a continuum of state involvement and interact with traditional public forms of land use regulation, leading to "hybrid" interventions. This article reviews emerging evidence on the effectiveness of the main instruments used to promote sustainable land use, and explores interactions between the new demand-led interventions and formal regulatory public policies. Although there are still insufficient rigorous studies evaluating the effectiveness of hybrid instruments, available evidence suggests some positive direct and indirect benefits. Hybrid instruments combine elements from both private and public regulatory systems, in innovative and effective ways. We propose a typology to characterize potential interactions between instruments that regulate land use. It links various types of interactions-i.e., complementarity, substitution, and antagonism-to the various stages of regulatory processes-i.e., agenda setting, implementation, and monitoring and enforcement We give examples of governments endorsing certifications or using certification to support their own policies; governments creating enabling conditions for hybrid instruments to mature, allowing for wider adoption; and private instruments reinforcing public regulations or substituting for missing or weak governance. In some cases, governments, NGOs and corporations compete and may hinder each other's actions. With favourable institutional and governance contexts, well-designed hybrid public-private instruments can be effective. More systematic evaluation could boost the effectiveness of instruments and enhance synergistic interaction with traditional public land-use policy instruments to achieve incremental benefits as well as longer-term transformative outcomes in land-use protection. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lambin, Eric F.; Meyfroidt, Patrick; Lamarque, Penelope] Catholic Univ Louvain, Georges Lemaitre Ctr Earth & Climate Res, Earth & Life Inst, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
[Lambin, Eric F.; Rueda, Ximena] Stanford Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Lambin, Eric F.; Rueda, Ximena] Stanford Univ, Woods Inst, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Meyfroidt, Patrick] FRS FNRS, Brussels, Belgium.
[Rueda, Ximena] Univ Los Andes, Sch Management, Bogota, Colombia.
[Blackman, Allen] Resources Future Inc, Washington, DC 20036 USA.
[Boerner, Jan] Univ Bonn, Res Dev Ctr, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
[Boerner, Jan] Ctr Int Forestry Res CIFOR, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
[Cerutti, Paolo Omar] Ctr Int Forestry Res CIFOR, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
[Dietsch, Thomas] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carlsbad, CA 92011 USA.
[Jungmann, Laura] WWF Netherlands, NL-3708 JB Zeist, Netherlands.
[Lister, Jane] Univ British Columbia, Liu Inst Global Issues, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada.
[Walker, Nathalie F.] Natl Advocacy Ctr, Natl Wildlife Federat, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
[Walker, Nathalie F.] Global Canopy Programme, Oxford OX1 1HU, England.
[Wunder, Sven] Ctr Int Forestry Res CIFOR, BR-22210010 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
RP Lambin, EF (reprint author), Catholic Univ Louvain, Georges Lemaitre Ctr Earth & Climate Res, Earth & Life Inst, Pl Louis Pasteur 3, B-1348 Louvain La Neuve, Belgium.
EM eric.lambin@uclouvain.be; blackman@rff.org; jbomer@uni-bonn.de;
p.cerutti@cgiar.org; tvdietsch@gmail.com; Ljungmann@wwf.nl;
jane.lister@ubc.ca; walkern@nwf.org; swunder@cgiar.org
RI Borner, Jan/I-2139-2015; Meyfroidt, Patrick/G-7768-2012;
OI Meyfroidt, Patrick/0000-0002-1047-9794; Borner, Jan/0000-0003-3034-5360;
Wunder, Sven/0000-0002-9422-0260; Rueda, Ximena/0000-0002-5991-4048
FU Francqui Foundation
FX This paper is based on a workshop funded by the Francqui Foundation,
whose support is gratefully acknowledged. We are grateful to Alain
Karsenty and Elizabeth Kennedy for their contributions to the workshop.
The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors
and do not necessarily represent the views of the organizations to which
they are affiliated.
NR 124
TC 38
Z9 41
U1 16
U2 99
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-3780
EI 1872-9495
J9 GLOBAL ENVIRON CHANG
JI Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 28
BP 129
EP 140
DI 10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.06.007
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Geography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geography
GA AR8QG
UT WOS:000343839100012
ER
PT J
AU Valentine, BJ
Hackley, PC
Enomoto, CB
Bove, AM
Dulong, FT
Lohr, CD
Scott, KR
AF Valentine, Brett J.
Hackley, Paul C.
Enomoto, Catherine B.
Bove, Alana M.
Dulong, Frank T.
Lohr, Celeste D.
Scott, Krystina R.
TI Organic petrology of the Aptian-age section in the downdip Mississippi
Interior Salt Basin, Mississippi, USA: Observations and preliminary
implications for thermal maturation history
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Solid bitumen; Organic petrology; Thermal maturity; Mississippi Interior
Salt Basin; Aptian
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CRETACEOUS STRATA; COASTAL-PLAIN; SOURCE ROCKS; SHALE;
LOUISIANA; PYROLYSIS; TEXAS; AREA; OIL
AB This study identifies a thermal maturity anomaly within the downdip Mississippi Interior Salt Basin (MISB) of southern Mississippi, USA, through examination of bitumen reflectance data from Aptian-age strata (Sligo Formation, Pine Island Shale, James Limestone, and Rodessa Formation). U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) reconnaissance investigations conducted in 2011-2012 examined Aptian-age thermal maturity trends across the onshore northern Gulf of Mexico region and indicated that the section in the downdip MISB is approaching the wet gas/condensate window (R-o similar to 1.2%). A focused study in 2012-2013 used 6 whole core, one sidewall core, and 49 high-graded cutting samples (depth range of 13,000-16,500 ft [3962.4-5029.2 m] below surface) collected from 15 downdip MISB wells for mineralogy, fluid inclusion, organic geochemistry, and organic petrographic analysis. Based on native solid bitumen reflectance (R-o generally >0.8%; interpreted to be post-oil indigenous bitumens matured in situ), R-o values increase regionally across the MISB from the southeast to the northwest. Thermal maturity in the eastern half of the basin (R-o range 1.0 to 1.25%) appears to be related to present-day burial depth and shows a gradual increase with respect to depth. To the west, thermal maturity continues to increase even as the Aptian section shallows structurally on the Adams County High (R-o range 1.4 to >1.8%). After evaluating the possible thermal agents responsible for increasing maturity at shallower depths (i.e., igneous activity, proximity to salt, variations in regional heat flux, and uplift), we tentatively propose that either greater paleoheat flow or deeper burial coupled with uplift in the western part of the MISB could be responsible for the thermal maturity anomaly. Further research and additional data are needed to determine the cause(s) of the thermal anomaly. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Valentine, Brett J.; Hackley, Paul C.; Enomoto, Catherine B.; Bove, Alana M.; Dulong, Frank T.; Lohr, Celeste D.; Scott, Krystina R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Valentine, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 956 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM bvalentine@usgs.gov
OI Hackley, Paul/0000-0002-5957-2551
NR 62
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2014
VL 131
BP 378
EP 391
DI 10.1016/j.coal.2014.07.001
PG 14
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA AR8RS
UT WOS:000343842800031
ER
PT J
AU Splinter, KD
Turner, IL
Davidson, MA
Barnard, P
Castelle, B
Oltman-Shay, J
AF Splinter, Kristen D.
Turner, Ian L.
Davidson, Mark A.
Barnard, Patrick
Castelle, Bruno
Oltman-Shay, Joan
TI A generalized equilibriummodel for predicting daily to interannual
shoreline response
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
DE shoreline modeling; equilibrium modeling; environmental forcing
ID WAVE CLIMATE; BEACH EROSION; SURF ZONES; MODEL; VARIABILITY;
OSCILLATION; MORPHOLOGY; PATTERNS; ROTATION; COAST
AB Coastal zone management requires the ability to predict coastline response to storms and longer-term seasonal to interannual variability in regional wave climate. Shoreline models typically rely on extensive historical observations to derive site-specific calibration. To circumvent the challenge that suitable data sets are rarely available, this contribution utilizes twelve 5+ year shoreline data sets from around the world to develop a generalized model for shoreline response. The shared dependency of model coefficients on local wave and sediment characteristics is investigated, enabling the model to be recast in terms of these more readily measurable quantities. Study sites range from microtidal to macrotidal coastlines, spanning moderate- to high-energy beaches. The equilibrium model adopted here includes time varying terms describing both the magnitude and direction of shoreline response as a result of onshore/offshore sediment transport between the surf zone and the beach face. The model contains two coefficients linked to wave-driven processes: (1) the response factor () that describes the memory of a beach to antecedent conditions and (2) the rate parameter (c) that describes the efficiency with which sand is transported between the beach face and surf zone. Across all study sites these coefficients are shown to depend in a predictable manner on the dimensionless fall velocity (), that in turn is a simple function of local wave conditions and sediment grain size. When tested on an unseen data set, the new equilibrium model with generalized forms of and c exhibited high skill (Brier Skills Score, BSS = 0.85).
C1 [Splinter, Kristen D.; Turner, Ian L.] UNSW Australia, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Water Res Lab, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Davidson, Mark A.] Univ Plymouth, Sch Marine Sci & Engn, Plymouth PL4 8AA, Devon, England.
[Barnard, Patrick] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Castelle, Bruno] Univ Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR EPOC 5805, Pessac, France.
[Oltman-Shay, Joan] NorthWest Res Associates, Redmond, WA USA.
RP Splinter, KD (reprint author), UNSW Australia, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Water Res Lab, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
EM k.splinter@unsw.edu.au
FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-10-1-0046]; U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers Portland District; SOLAQUI; Region Aquitaine; ARC
[LP100200348]; NSW Office of Environment and Heritage; Warringah
Council; CoastalCOMS; Plymouth Universities' Marine Institute; UNSW
Australia, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering; project BARBEC
[ANR N2010 JCJC 60201]
FX This research was made possible with the help and data provided by many
people, specifically the Argus user group who has provided the
foundation and maintenance of numerous coastal imaging sites around the
world. K.D.S. particularly wishes to thank R. Holman and J. Stanley of
the Coastal Imaging Lab (CIL, Oregon State University) for their
continued support in all things Argus and for always pushing her to
think harder. The CIL is funded in part by the Office of Naval Research,
N00014-10-1-0046. Argus-derived shoreline data from North Head, WA, USA
were supplied by NWRA with funding from U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Portland District. Gold Coast and Narrabeen Argus-derived shorelines
were provided by the UNSW Australia, Water Research Laboratory in
partnership with Warringah Council and Gold Coast City Council. Profile
data from Duck, NC were obtained from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Field Research Facility (FRF). Beach Surveys at Truc Vert were funded by
SOLAQUI and Region Aquitaine. K.D.S. wishes to thank J.K. Miller for
providing historical data for Torrey Pines and Duck in the initial
stages of this work. Wave data were obtained from Manly Hydraulics
Laboratory, Gold Coast City Council, the FRF, NOAA and CDIP buoys, WWIII
(Truc Vert), and SWAN modeling from E. Kearney and J. Hansen (USGS).
Funding for K.D.S. was provided under ARC Linkage project LP100200348
with support from NSW Office of Environment and Heritage, Warringah
Council and CoastalCOMS. M.A.D. would like to thank the Plymouth
Universities' Marine Institute for financial support for his sabbatical
that made this work possible and a special thanks to UNSW Australia,
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering for funding and hosting
his visits to work with the Australian team. B.C. is funded by project
BARBEC (ANR N2010 JCJC 60201). The GUI was developed by T. Beuzen under
the direction of K.D.S. and I.L.T and funded by a UNSW Australia, School
of Civil and Environmental Engineering Elite Student Scholarship.
NR 65
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 9
BP 1936
EP 1958
DI 10.1002/2014JF003106
PG 23
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA AR9EY
UT WOS:000343876500009
ER
PT J
AU Grifoll, M
Gracia, V
Aretxabaleta, A
Guillen, J
Espino, M
Warner, JC
AF Grifoll, Manel
Gracia, Vicenc
Aretxabaleta, Alfredo
Guillen, Jorge
Espino, Manuel
Warner, John C.
TI Formation of fine sediment deposit from a flash flood river in the
Mediterranean Sea
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment deposit; mud belt; inner-shelf; river dispersal; Mediterranean
Sea
ID CALIFORNIA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; INNER-SHELF; TRANSPORT EVENTS; MODELING
SYSTEM; STORM EVENT; PO RIVER; NE SPAIN; GULF; LIONS; WAVE
AB We identify the mechanisms controlling fine deposits on the inner-shelf in front of the Bess River, in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea. This river is characterized by a flash flood regime discharging large amounts of water (more than 20 times the mean water discharge) and sediment in very short periods lasting from hours to few days. Numerical model output was compared with bottom sediment observations and used to characterize the multiple spatial and temporal scales involved in offshore sediment deposit formation. A high-resolution (50 m grid size) coupled hydrodynamic-wave-sediment transport model was applied to the initial stages of the sediment dispersal after a storm-related flood event. After the flood, sediment accumulation was predominantly confined to an area near the coastline as a result of preferential deposition during the final stage of the storm. Subsequent reworking occurred due to wave-induced bottom shear stress that resuspended fine materials, with seaward flow exporting them toward the midshelf. Wave characteristics, sediment availability, and shelf circulation determined the transport after the reworking and the final sediment deposition location. One year simulations of the regional area revealed a prevalent southwestward average flow with increased intensity downstream. The circulation pattern was consistent with the observed fine deposit depocenter being shifted southward from the river mouth. At the southern edge, bathymetry controlled the fine deposition by inducing near-bottom flow convergence enhancing bottom shear stress. According to the short-term and long-term analyses, a seasonal pattern in the fine deposit formation is expected.
C1 [Grifoll, Manel; Gracia, Vicenc; Espino, Manuel] Univ Politecn Cataluna, Lab Engn Maritima, Barcelona, Spain.
[Grifoll, Manel; Gracia, Vicenc; Espino, Manuel] Ctr Int Invest Dels Recursos Costaners, Barcelona, Spain.
[Aretxabaleta, Alfredo; Warner, John C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Guillen, Jorge] CSIC, Inst Ciencias Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
RP Grifoll, M (reprint author), Univ Politecn Cataluna, Lab Engn Maritima, Barcelona, Spain.
EM manel.grifoll@upc.edu
RI Guillen, Jorge/E-6564-2010; Gracia, Vicente/I-2036-2015;
OI Guillen, Jorge/0000-0001-7162-8135; Gracia, Vicente/0000-0002-4628-426X;
Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018; Grifoll,
Manel/0000-0003-4260-6732
FU Field_ac [FP7/2007/2013-242284]; Mestral [CTM-2011-30489]; ICOAST
project [ECHO/SUB/2013/661009]
FX The author wants to acknowledge the helpful comments and suggestions
from Pat Dickhudt (USGS, Woods Hole), P. Soupy Dalyander (USGS, St.
Petersburg), and Jose Jimenez and Juan Fernandez (LIM/UPC Laboratory of
Marine Engineering, Technical University of Catalonia, Barcelona). The
authors are thankful to Joan Puigdefabregas (LIM/UPC, Barcelona) and
Jordi Cateura (LIM/UPC, Barcelona) for the data acquisition. The
research leading to these results and data acquisition has received
funding from the Field_ac (FP7/2007/2013-242284), Mestral
(CTM-2011-30489), and ICOAST project (ECHO/SUB/2013/661009). We
acknowledge XIOM network (www.lim.cat) and ACA Water Catalan Agency
(www.gencat.cat/aca) for the data provided.
NR 62
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 9
BP 5837
EP 5853
DI 10.1002/2014JC010187
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA AR9FW
UT WOS:000343879200015
ER
PT J
AU Froment, B
McGuire, JJ
van der Hilst, RD
Gouedard, P
Roland, EC
Zhang, H
Collins, JA
AF Froment, B.
McGuire, J. J.
van der Hilst, R. D.
Gouedard, P.
Roland, E. C.
Zhang, H.
Collins, J. A.
TI Imaging along-strike variations inmechanical properties of the Gofar
transform fault, East Pacific Rise
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE imaging; mid-ocean ridge transform fault; fault zone; double-difference
tomography
ID NORTH ANATOLIAN FAULT; STRONG GROUND MOTION; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; HAYWARD
FAULT; EARTHQUAKE RUPTURES; CALIFORNIA; TOMOGRAPHY; VELOCITY; ZONES;
SLIP
AB A large part of global plate motion on mid-ocean ridge transform faults (RTFs) is not accommodated as major earthquakes. When large earthquakes do occur, they often repeat quasiperiodically. We focus here on the high slip rate (approximate to 14cm/yr) Gofar transform fault on the equatorial East Pacific Rise. This fault is subdivided into patches that slip during M-w 5.5-6 earthquakes every 5 to 6 years. These patches are separated by rupture barriers that accommodate slip through swarms of smaller events and/or aseismic creep. We performed an imaging study to investigate which spatiotemporal variations of the fault zone properties control this segmentation in mechanical behavior and could explain the specific behavior of RTFs at the global scale. We adopt a double-difference approach in a joint inversion of active air gun shots and microseismicity recorded for 1 year. This data set includes the 2008 M-w 6 Gofar earthquake. The along-strike P wave velocity structure reveals an abrupt transition between the barrier area, characterized by a damaged fault zone of 10-20% reduced V-p and a nearly intact fault zone in the asperity area. The importance of the strength of the damage zone on the mechanical behavior is supported by the temporal S wave velocity changes which suggest increased damage within the barrier area, during the week preceding the M-w 6 earthquake. Our results support the conclusion that extended highly damaged zones are the key factor in limiting the role of major earthquakes to accommodate plate motion along RTFs.
C1 [Froment, B.; van der Hilst, R. D.; Gouedard, P.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
[McGuire, J. J.; Roland, E. C.; Collins, J. A.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Roland, E. C.] USGS Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Zhang, H.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Sch Earth & Space Sci, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
[Zhang, H.] Univ Sci & Technol China, Geophys Res Inst, Hefei 230026, Peoples R China.
RP Froment, B (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
EM fromentb@mit.edu
FU National Science Foundation [1232725, 0242117]; W. M. Keck Foundation
FX All data used have been acquired and made available by WHOI. This data
set is archived at the IRIS Data Center and publicly available to
anyone. The material presented here is based on work supported by the
National Science Foundation grants 1232725 and 0242117. We thank the W.
M. Keck Foundation for the financial support to build the OBSs that
carried strong-motion accelerometers. We thank Margaret Boettcher,
Monica Wolfson-Schwehr, Harsha Bhat, Renata Dmowska for helpful
discussions during the completion of this work as well as an Associate
Editor and two anonymous reviewers who provide helpful comments and
suggestions. We thank the crews of the RVs Thomas G. Thompson, Marcus
Langseth, and Atlantis for three nearly flawless cruises needed to
collect this data set. We thank the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
(WHOI) Ocean Bottom Seismic Instrumentation Pool group, K. Peal, R.
Handy, A. Gardner, D. Dubois, D. Kot, P. Lemmond, and J. Ryder, for
collecting such an amazing data set.
NR 40
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 26
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 9
BP 7175
EP 7194
DI 10.1002/2014JB011270
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR9EI
UT WOS:000343874600025
ER
PT J
AU Fletcher, JB
AF Fletcher, Jon B.
TI Frequency-dependent effects of rupture for the 2004 Parkfield main
shock, results from UPSAR
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE rupture; frequency dependence; Parkfield
ID STRONG GROUND MOTION; MODELING DIRECTIVITY; SMALL EARTHQUAKES; TECTONIC
STRESS; CALIFORNIA; FAULT; RADIATION; WAVES; SLIP
AB The frequency-dependent effects of rupture propagation of the Parkfield, California, earthquake (28 September 2004, M6) to the northwest along the San Andreas Fault can be seen in acceleration records at UPSAR (USGS Parkfield Seismic Array) in at least two ways. First, we can see the effects of directivity in the acceleration traces at UPSAR, which is about 11.5km from the epicenter. Directivity or the seismic equivalent of a Doppler shift has been documented in many cases by comparing short-duration, high-amplitude pulses (P or S) in the forward direction with longer-duration body waves in the backward direction. In this case we detect a change from a relatively large amplitude, coherent, high-frequency signal at the start of rupture to a low-amplitude, low-coherent, low-frequency signal at about the time the rupture front transfers from the forward azimuth to the back azimuth at about 34-36s (time is UTC and is the seconds after day 272 and 17h and 15min. S arrival is just after 30 s) for rays leaving the fault and propagating to UPSAR. The frequency change is obvious in the band about 5 to 30Hz, which is significantly above the corner frequency of the earthquake (about 0.11 Hz). From kinematic source models, the duration of faulting is about 9.2s, and the change in frequency is during faulting as the rupture extends to the northwest. Understanding the systematic change in frequency and amplitude of seismic waves in relation to the propagation of the rupture front is important for predicting strong ground motion. Second, we can filter the acceleration records from the array to determine if the low-frequency energy emerges from the same part of the fault as the high-frequency signal (e.g., has the same back azimuth and apparent velocity at UPSAR), an important clue to the dynamics of rupture. Analysis of sources of strong motion (characterized by relatively high frequencies) compared to kinematic slip models (relatively low frequency) for the 11 March 2011 Tohoku earthquake as well as Maule (27 February 2010) and Chi-Chi (20 September 1999) earthquakes show that high- and low-frequency sources do not have the same locations on the fault. In this paper we filter the accelerograms from UPSAR for the 2004 main shock in various passbands and then recompute the cross correlations to determine the vector slowness of the incoming waves. At Parkfield, it appears that for seismic waves with frequencies above 1Hz, there is no discernible frequency-dependent difference in source position (up to 8Hz) based on estimates of back azimuth and apparent velocity. However, at lower frequencies, sources appear to be from shallower depths and trail the high frequencies as the rupture proceeds down the fault. This result is greater than one standard deviation of an estimate of error, based on a new method of estimating error that is a measure of how broad the peak in correlation is and an estimate of the variance of the correlation values. These observations can be understood in terms of a rupture front that is more energetic and coherent near the front of rupture (radiating higher frequencies) and less coherent and less energetic (radiating in a lower frequency band) behind the initial rupture front. This result is a qualitative assessment of changes in azimuth and apparent velocity with frequency and time and does not include corrections to find the source location on the fault.
Key Points Frequency dependence of directivity is observed at UPSAR for the 2004 Parkfield earthquakeSeismic radiation from moving rupture changes with frequency
C1 US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Fletcher, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jfletcher@usgs.gov
NR 39
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 9
BP 7195
EP 7208
DI 10.1002/2014JB011007
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR9EI
UT WOS:000343874600026
ER
PT J
AU Bagnardi, M
Poland, MP
Carbone, D
Baker, S
Battaglia, M
Amelung, F
AF Bagnardi, Marco
Poland, Michael P.
Carbone, Daniele
Baker, Scott
Battaglia, Maurizio
Amelung, Falk
TI Gravity changes and deformation at Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii, associated
with summit eruptive activity, 2009-2012
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Klauea Volcano; gravity measurements; InSAR; mass accumulation; lava
lake; analytical models
ID LONG VALLEY CALDERA; DIFFERENTIAL SAR INTERFEROGRAMS; SURFACE
DEFORMATION; GEOPHYSICAL OBSERVATIONS; HALF-SPACE; MAGMA BODY;
CALIFORNIA; GPS; OPTIMIZATION; EARTHQUAKE
AB Analysis of microgravity and surface displacement data collected at the summit of Klauea Volcano, Hawaii (USA), between December 2009 and November 2012 suggests a net mass accumulation at similar to 1.5km depth beneath the northeast margin of Halemaumau Crater, within Klauea Caldera. Although residual gravity increases and decreases are accompanied by periods of uplift and subsidence of the surface, respectively, the volume change inferred from the modeling of interferometric synthetic aperture radar deformation data can account for only a small portion (as low as 8%) of the mass addition responsible for the gravity increase. We propose that since the opening of a new eruptive vent at the summit of Klauea in 2008, magma rising to the surface of the lava lake outgasses, becomes denser, and sinks to deeper levels, replacing less dense gas-rich magma stored in the Halemaumau magma reservoir. In fact, a relatively small density increase (<200kgm(-3)) of a portion of the reservoir can produce the positive residual gravity change measured during the period with the largest mass increase, between March 2011 and November 2012. Other mechanisms may also play a role in the gravity increase without producing significant uplift of the surface, including compressibility of magma, formation of olivine cumulates, and filling of void space by magma. The rate of gravity increase, higher than during previous decades, varies through time and seems to be directly correlated with the volcanic activity occurring at both the summit and the east rift zone of the volcano.
C1 [Bagnardi, Marco; Amelung, Falk] Univ Miami, Div Marine Geol & Geophys, RSMAS, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA.
[Poland, Michael P.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
[Carbone, Daniele] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy.
[Baker, Scott] UNAVCO, Boulder, CO USA.
[Battaglia, Maurizio] Univ Rome, Dept Earth Sci, Rome, Italy.
[Battaglia, Maurizio] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Bagnardi, M (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
EM M.Bagnardi@leeds.ac.uk
RI Carbone, Daniele/H-7649-2014;
OI Carbone, Daniele/0000-0003-2566-6290; Baker, Scott/0000-0003-4802-8371;
Poland, Michael/0000-0001-5240-6123
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
FX Part of this research was supported by the National Aeronautics and
Space Administration (NASA, NESSF11 graduate assistantship for Marco
Bagnardi). The purchase of the gravimeters by the Hawaiian Volcano
Observatory was made possible by the American Reinvestment and Recovery
Act. The InSAR data are courtesy of the Hawai'i Supersite (CSK from ASI
and TSX from DLR). We would like to thank M. Patrick and T. Orr for
providing data on lava lake geometry and levels. We also thank USGS-HVO
employees and volunteers that helped with the gravity surveys, including
K. Anderson, S. Brantley, I. Johanson, J. Johnson, A. Learner, S.
Mordensky, A. Pitty, M. Sako, and S. Wilkinson. Thanks to G.
Williams-Jones, R. del Potro, and D. Dzurisin, whose comments greatly
improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 72
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 1
U2 22
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 9
BP 7288
EP 7305
DI 10.1002/2014JB011506
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA AR9EI
UT WOS:000343874600031
ER
PT J
AU Choi, M
Furlong, ET
Werner, SL
Pait, AS
Lee, IS
Choi, HG
AF Choi, Minkyu
Furlong, Edward T.
Werner, Stephen L.
Pait, Anthony S.
Lee, In-Seok
Choi, Hee-Gu
TI Cimetidine, acetaminophen, and 1,7-dimethylxanthine, as indicators of
wastewater pollution in marine sediments from Masan Bay, Korea
SO OCEAN SCIENCE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE pharmaceutical; sewage; fecal sterols; wastewater treatment plant
ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; TREATMENT PLANTS; ANTIDEPRESSANT
PHARMACEUTICALS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SURFACE-WATER; CONTAMINATION; STREAMS;
RIVER; EFFLUENT; FATE
AB Concerns have emerged regarding the presence of human-use pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments. We investigated the status of contamination by 29 human-use pharmaceuticals as well as wastewater indicator compounds, fecal sterols and the synthetic endocrine disruptor nonylphenol, in marine sediments from Masan Bay, one of the most contaminated bays in Korea as a result of untreated and/or treated sewage. Among the 29 pharmaceuticals determined, 10 including antacid, analgesic, antibiotic, and antipruritic compounds, and metabolites of caffeine and nicotine were detected in all sediment samples. Cimetidine, acetaminophen, and 1,7-dimethylxanthine were the most frequently detected pharmaceuticals (frequency > 50%), and at high concentrations. The highest concentrations and detection frequencies were at stations located close to wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) outfalls and at the river mouth. The spatial distributions of pharmaceutical were significantly correlated with those of wastewater compounds. These results indicate that occurrence of the pharmaceuticals in marine environments is likely associated with direct sewage inputs, such as WWTP effluents and with other sewage-influenced sources, such as river discharge.
C1 [Choi, Minkyu; Lee, In-Seok; Choi, Hee-Gu] NFRDI, Marine Environm Res Div, Pusan 619705, South Korea.
[Furlong, Edward T.; Werner, Stephen L.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Natl Water Qual Lab, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Pait, Anthony S.] NOAA NOS NCCOS, Ctr Coastal Monitoring & Assessment, Silver Spring, MD USA.
RP Choi, M (reprint author), NFRDI, Marine Environm Res Div, Pusan 619705, South Korea.
EM mkchoi3@korea.kr
FU National Fisheries Research and Development Institute (NFRDI), Korea
[RP-2014-ME-24]; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA);
Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF)
FX This work was funded by a grant from the National Fisheries Research and
Development Institute (NFRDI, RP-2014-ME-24), Korea. The part of the
study was supported by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) and Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries (MOF) Joint
project.
NR 47
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 26
PU KOREA OCEAN RESEARCH DEVELOPMENT INST
PI SEOUL
PA P O BOX 29, SEOUL, 425-600, SOUTH KOREA
SN 1738-5261
EI 2005-7172
J9 OCEAN SCI J
JI Ocean Sci. J.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 49
IS 3
BP 231
EP 240
DI 10.1007/s12601-014-0023-8
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA AR8KQ
UT WOS:000343824400007
ER
PT J
AU Qiu, KF
Li, N
Taylor, RD
Song, YH
Song, KR
Han, WZ
Zhang, DX
AF Qiu KunFeng
Li Nan
Taylor, Ryan D.
Song YaoHui
Song KaiRui
Han WangZhen
Zhang DongXu
TI Timing and duration of metallogeny of the Wenquan deposit in the West
Qinling, and its constrain on a proposed classification for porphyry
molybdenum deposits
SO ACTA PETROLOGICA SINICA
LA Chinese
DT Article
DE Porphyry molybdenum deposits; Duration of metallogeny; Proposed
classification; Wenquan deposit; West Qinling Orogen
ID JIAODONG GOLD PROVINCE; MAGMATIC-HYDROTHERMAL EVENTS; RE-OS
GEOCHRONOLOGY; U-PB; OROGENIC BELT; SOUTHWEST CHINA; SANJIANG TETHYS;
SUPERIMPOSED OROGENESIS; TECTONIC EVOLUTION; NORTHEAST CHINA
AB Determining the absolute duration of magmatic-hydrothermal events leading to the formation of porphyry molybdenum deposits is one of the key questions in economic geology, and it is instrumental to the development of genetic models necessary to explore a category of mineral deposits that provide most of the molybdenum and/or copper to our economy. Studies on the magmatic-hydrothermal evolutionary duration of porphyry molybdenum deposits have important implications for the genesis of such deposits during crustal evolution, and also provide insight into how porphyry deposits evolve, both geochemically and dynamically. The Wenquan Mo deposit, closely associated with the concentrically zoned multiphase Wenquan batholith in the West Qinling orogen, has been well studied with volumes of geochronological data. The composite ore-bearing intrusion ranges in composition from granodiorite to porphyritic monzogranite, and has Zircon U-Pb ages ranging from 224.6 +/- 2.5Ma to 216.2 +/- 1.7Ma, the youngest phase being porphyritic and spatially associated with Mo mineralization. Re-Os dates on molybdenite are between 212.7 +/- 2. 6 Ma and 215. 1 +/- 2.6 Ma, consistent with the age of the ore-bearing phase of the batholith, indicating a close temporal and thus possible genetic relationship between molybdenite mineralization and granitic magmatism, which took place during initial tectonic relaxation following collision of the North and South China blocks. This period also corresponds to metamorphism and deformation in the South Qinling terrane along the suture and the exhumation of the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh pressure metamorphic rocks to the east. Potassium-argon of biotites have ages ranging from 226Ma to 207Ma, indicating two probable cooling events at ca. 223Ma and 208Ma, and mineralization at ca. 216Ma. Overlapping mineralization ages, based on multiple chronometers, between the intrusive ages and the cooling age suggest a prolonged magmatic-hydrothermal episode responsible for Mo mineralization, and relatively rapid cooling rates after cessation of igneous activity. Aiming at better interpreting metallogeny and corresponding geodynamic settings, here we recognize a new classification scheme for porphyry Mo (Cu) systems, based on comparison of the typical porphyry Mo (Cu) deposits worldwide, as followings, oceanic subduction and continents collision settings in a compressional regime, and post-collision, back-arc and intraplate rift settings in an extensional regime. Although the porphyry Mo (Cu) deposits could be formed in each stage of the oceanic subduction -> continents collision -> post-collision -> intraplate rift cycle, the tectonic regime transformation settings are in particular favorable metallogenic environment for the porphyry Mo (Cu) deposits.
C1 [Qiu KunFeng; Li Nan; Song YaoHui; Song KaiRui] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
[Qiu KunFeng; Taylor, Ryan D.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Han WangZhen; Zhang DongXu] Gansu Nonferrous Met Geol Explorat Bur, Tianshui Gen Team, Tianshui 741025, Peoples R China.
RP Qiu, KF (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Geol Proc & Mineral Resources, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China.
EM kunfeng.qiu@gmail.com
OI Taylor, Ryan D/0000-0002-8845-5290
NR 90
TC 8
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 6
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1000-0569
J9 ACTA PETROL SIN
JI Acta Petrol. Sin.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 30
IS 9
BP 2631
EP 2643
PG 13
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA AR4AR
UT WOS:000343530900014
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberg, DH
Petrula, MJ
Schamber, JL
Zwiefelhofer, D
Hollmen, TE
Hill, DD
AF Rosenberg, Daniel H.
Petrula, Michael J.
Schamber, Jason L.
Zwiefelhofer, Denny
Hollmen, Tuula E.
Hill, Douglas D.
TI Seasonal Movements and Distribution of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta
stelleri) Wintering at Kodiak Island, Alaska
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; habitat use; Kodiak Island; migration; Polysticta stelleri;
Russia; satellite telemetry; sea duck; Steller's Eider; waterfowl
ID YUKON-KUSKOKWIM DELTA; SATELLITE TELEMETRY; HARLEQUIN DUCKS; MIGRATION;
SEA; PENINSULA; PATTERNS; GEESE; TRANSMITTERS; POPULATION
AB We used satellite telemetry in 2004-06 to describe the annual movements and habitat use of a segment of the Pacific population of Steller's Eiders (Polysticta stelleri) that winters at Kodiak Island, Alaska. Information about broad-scale patterns of seasonal distribution and links among annual cycle stages is critical for interpreting population trends and developing conservation strategies. We captured birds in Chiniak Bay at Kodiak Island in late February and early March and monitored the movements after departure from Kodiak Island of 24 satellite-tagged birds: 16 after-second-year (ASY) age class females, one second-year age class female, and seven ASY males. All birds used the same intercontinental migration corridor during spring, but routes and chronology of spring migration appeared to vary by year and among individuals. Sixteen of the 24 birds that were tracked migrated to breeding areas along the Arctic coast of Russia from the Chukotka Peninsula to the Taymyr Peninsula; five birds, assumed to be non-breeding, spent the summer in nearshore waters of Russia and Alaska; and the remaining three birds either died during spring migration or had failed transmitters. Thirteen birds were tracked to molt sites that were broadly distributed along the coast of Alaska. Molt sites included St. Lawrence Island, the Kuskokwim Shoals, Kamishak Bay, and three sites along the Alaska Peninsula. Twelve of these 13 birds returned to Kodiak Island to winter, and a single male wintered on the Alaska Peninsula. Steller's Eiders marked during winter at Kodiak Island were widely distributed during the breeding season,. but a large proportion of marked birds returned to molting and wintering areas in two years of the study.
C1 [Rosenberg, Daniel H.; Petrula, Michael J.; Schamber, Jason L.; Hill, Douglas D.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
[Zwiefelhofer, Denny] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kodiak Natl Wildlife Refuge, Kodiak, AK 99615 USA.
[Hollmen, Tuula E.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
[Hollmen, Tuula E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Seward, AK 99664 USA.
RP Schamber, JL (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, 525 W 67th Ave, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
EM jason.schamber@alaska.gov
FU USFWS; U.S. Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Grant
[E-5-HP-1]
FX We thank Leslie Kerr, William Pyle, Jeff Lewis, and Paul Banyas of the
Kodiak National Wildlife Refuge for their many invaluable contributions
to all aspects of the project. Brad Stevens and Rich Macintosh, National
Marine Fisheries Service, Kodiak Fisheries Research Center, provided
their facilities, field support, and local knowledge. Loren Buck of the
University of Alaska graciously provided holding facilities for the
eiders and lab space. Exceptional veterinary care and animal husbandry
were provided by Dr. Pam Tuomi, Heidi Cline, and Tasha DiMarzio of the
Alaska SeaLife Center; Dr. Corrine Brown and Joanne Luebbert of the
Alaska Wildlife and Wildfowl Conservation; and Dr. Vicki Vanek of the
Alaska Department of Fish and Game (ADF&G). We owe thanks to Captain
Robert L. Lachowsky, Commanding Officer of the U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)
Integrated Support Command Kodiak for use of the local base, and Torn
Demi of the Coast Guard Fire Department. We thank the NOAA Fisheries
Office for Enforcement for use of their facilities. Also, we thank Tom
Rothe, John Crye, Larry Van Daele, Doris Mensch, Celia Rozen, Denby
Lloyd, Jim McCullough, and Patty Nelson of ADF&G for their many
contributions. We thank Declan Troy of Troy Ecological Research
Associates; Tim Bowman, Nora Rojek, and Chris Latty of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS); and Dave Simmers of the USCG for their
dedicated assistance in capture operations. Finally, we extend many
thanks to Mike Roy, Judy Jacobs, and Sue Detweiler of the USFWS
Endangered Species Program and the USFWS for their financial and
administrative support. This project was funded by U.S. Department of
Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service Grant E-5-HP-1: Habitat Conservation
Planning for Alaska Coastal Species: Studies Related to Listed and
Candidate Marine Birds.
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 18
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
EI 1923-1245
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 3
BP 347
EP 359
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AR5RM
UT WOS:000343641200005
ER
PT J
AU Terenzi, J
Jorgenson, MT
Ely, CR
AF Terenzi, John
Jorgenson, M. Torre
Ely, Craig R.
TI Storm-Surge Flooding on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska
SO ARCTIC
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska; coast; drift lines; flooding; habitat; Radarsat-1; storm surge;
Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta; Yup'ik
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; BERING-SEA; RADAR IMAGERY; NORTH PACIFIC; COASTAL;
ECOSYSTEMS; LOUISIANA; RESPONSES; PATTERNS; CLIMATE
AB Coastal regions of Alaska are regularly affected by intense storms of ocean origin, the frequency and intensity of which are expected to increase as a result of global climate change. The Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta (YKD), situated in western Alaska on the eastern edge of the Bering Sea, is one of the largest deltaic systems in North America. Its low relief makes it especially susceptible to storm-driven flood tides and increases in sea level. Little information exists on the extent of flooding caused by storm surges in western Alaska and its effects on salinization, shoreline erosion, permafrost thaw, vegetation, wildlife, and the subsistence-based economy. In this paper, we summarize storm flooding events in the Bering Sea region of western Alaska during 1913-2011 and map both the extent of inland flooding caused by autumn storms on the central YKD, using Radarsat-1 and MODIS satellite imagery, and the drift lines, using high-resolution IKONOS satellite imagery and field surveys. The largest storm surges occurred in autumn and were associated with high tides and strong (>65 km hr(-1)) southwest winds. Maximum inland extent of flooding from storm surges was 30.3 km in 2005, 27.4 km in 2006, and 32.3 km in 2011, with total flood area covering 47.1%, 32.5%, and 39.4% of the 6730 km(2) study area, respectively. Peak stages for the 2005 and 2011 storms were 3.1 m and 3.3 m above mean sea level (amsl), respectively-almost as high as the 3.5 m amsl elevation estimated for the largest storm observed (in November 1974). Several historically abandoned village sites lie within the area of inundation of the largest flood events. With projected sea level rise, large storms are expected to become more frequent and cover larger areas, with deleterious effects on freshwater ponds, non-saline habitats, permafrost, and landscapes used by nesting birds and local people.
C1 [Terenzi, John; Ely, Craig R.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
RP Jorgenson, MT (reprint author), Alaska Ecosci, 2332 Cordes Way, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
EM ecoscience@alaska.net
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
FX The work was supported by funds received through the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). The Alaska
Satellite Facility at the University of Alaska, Fairbanks, and NASA
graciously provided the Radarsat-1 imagery. T. Doolittle (USFWS)
enthusiastically promoted the project and arranged logistical support.
E. Josberger (USGS) and K. Spragens (USFWS) stimulated and encouraged
this effort. We are grateful for fieldwork assistance from B. Jones in
2008, K. Jorgenson in 2009, and F. Keim in 2011. Logistical help from
the people of Chevak is greatly appreciated, J. Pearce (USGS), J.
Takekawa (USGS), and D. Forbes provided helpful reviews. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 63
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 4
U2 20
PU ARCTIC INST N AMER
PI CALGARY
PA UNIV OF CALGARY 2500 UNIVERSITY DRIVE NW 11TH FLOOR LIBRARY TOWER,
CALGARY, ALBERTA T2N 1N4, CANADA
SN 0004-0843
EI 1923-1245
J9 ARCTIC
JI Arctic
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 67
IS 3
BP 360
EP 374
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA AR5RM
UT WOS:000343641200006
ER
PT J
AU He, YJ
Yang, JY
Zhuang, QL
McGuire, AD
Zhu, Q
Liu, YL
Teskey, RO
AF He, Yujie
Yang, Jinyan
Zhuang, Qianlai
McGuire, Anthony D.
Zhu, Qing
Liu, Yaling
Teskey, Robert O.
TI Uncertainty in the fate of soil organic carbon: A comparison of three
conceptually different decomposition models at a larch plantation
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID MICHAELIS-MENTEN KINETICS; USE EFFICIENCY; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE;
GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; RESPIRATION;
CLIMATE; MATTER; CYCLE
AB Conventional Q10 soil organic matter decomposition models and more complex microbial models are available for making projections of future soil carbon dynamics. However, it is unclear (1) how well the conceptually different approaches can simulate observed decomposition and (2) to what extent the trajectories of long-term simulations differ when using the different approaches. In this study, we compared three structurally different soil carbon (C) decomposition models (one Q10 and two microbial models of different complexity), each with a one-and two-horizon version. The models were calibrated and validated using 4 years of measurements of heterotrophic soil CO2 efflux from trenched plots in a Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii Rupr.) plantation. All models reproduced the observed heterotrophic component of soil CO2 efflux, but the trajectories of soil carbon dynamics differed substantially in 100 year simulations with and without warming and increased litterfall input, with microbial models that produced better agreement with observed changes in soil organic C in long-term warming experiments. Our results also suggest that both constant and varying carbon use efficiency are plausible when modeling future decomposition dynamics and that the use of a short-term (e. g., a few years) period of measurement is insufficient to adequately constrain model parameters that represent long-term responses of microbial thermal adaption. These results highlight the need to reframe the representation of decomposition models and to constrain parameters with long-term observations and multiple data streams. We urge caution in interpreting future soil carbon responses derived from existing decomposition models because both conceptual and parameter uncertainties are substantial.
C1 [He, Yujie; Zhuang, Qianlai; Zhu, Qing; Liu, Yaling] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Yang, Jinyan; Teskey, Robert O.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Yang, Jinyan] Northeast Forestry Univ, Ctr Ecol Res, Harbin, Peoples R China.
[Zhuang, Qianlai] Purdue Univ, Dept Agron, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[McGuire, Anthony D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA.
RP He, YJ (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM he72@purdue.edu
RI Zhuang, Qianlai/A-5670-2009; He, Yujie/E-2514-2017
OI He, Yujie/0000-0001-8261-5399
FU DOE SciDAC project; Abrupt Climate Change project; NASA Land Use and
Land Cover Change program [NASA-NNX09AI26G]; Department of Energy
[DE-FG02-08ER64599]; NSF Division of Information and Intelligent Systems
[NSF-1028291]; NSF Carbon and Water in the Earth program [NSF-0630319];
NSF
FX Parameter data supporting Figure 3 is available in Tables S1-S3 in the
supporting information. Other simulation data including model codes are
available upon request from the corresponding author. The research is
funded by a DOE SciDAC project and an Abrupt Climate Change project.
This study is also supported through projects funded by the NASA Land
Use and Land Cover Change program (NASA-NNX09AI26G), Department of
Energy (DE-FG02-08ER64599), the NSF Division of Information and
Intelligent Systems (NSF-1028291), and the NSF Carbon and Water in the
Earth program (NSF-0630319). This research was also supported by the
NSF-funded Bonanza Creek LTER program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 74
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 35
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD SEP
PY 2014
VL 119
IS 9
BP 1892
EP 1905
DI 10.1002/2014JG002701
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA AR1UJ
UT WOS:000343369800010
ER
EF