FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Kirwan, ML Temmerman, S Skeehan, EE Guntenspergen, GR Fagherazzi, S AF Kirwan, Matthew L. Temmerman, Stijn Skeehan, Emily E. Guntenspergen, Glenn R. Fagherazzi, Sergio TI Overestimation of marsh vulnerability to sea level rise SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID SALT-MARSH; COASTAL WETLANDS; SURFACE ELEVATION; TIDAL MARSH; SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; WAVE ATTENUATION; YANGTZE ESTUARY; RATES; ACCRETION AB Coastal marshes are considered to be among the most valuable and vulnerable ecosystems on Earth, where the imminent loss of ecosystem services is a feared consequence of sea level rise. However, we show with a meta-analysis that global measurements of marsh elevation change indicate that marshes are generally building at rates similar to or exceeding historical sea level rise, and that process-based models predict survival under a wide range of future sea level scenarios. We argue that marsh vulnerability tends to be overstated because assessment methods often fail to consider biophysical feedback processes known to accelerate soil building with sea level rise, and the potential for marshes to migrate inland. C1 [Kirwan, Matthew L.; Skeehan, Emily E.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Temmerman, Stijn] Univ Antwerp, Ecosyst Management Res Grp, Univ Pl 1c, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Fagherazzi, Sergio] Boston Univ, Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Kirwan, ML (reprint author), Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. EM kirwan@vims.edu RI Fagherazzi, Sergio/K-4245-2016; Temmerman, Stijn/C-5521-2009 OI Fagherazzi, Sergio/0000-0002-4048-5968; FU US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; NSF [1237733, 1426981, 1354251]; FWO [K2.174.14N]; UA-BOF DOCPRO FX We thank D. Cahoon, J. French, P. Hensel, K. McKee, D. Reed, N. Saintilan, and T. Spencer for their generosity in sharing data that contributed to Fig. 1. J. Smith provided the photograph in Fig. 4a. This work was supported financially by the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program (G.R.G. and M.L.K), NSF 1237733 (M.L.K and S.F), NSF 1426981 (M.L.K), NSF 1354251 (S.F.), FWO K2.174.14N (S.T.) and UA-BOF DOCPRO (S.T.). Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This is contribution number 3510 of the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. NR 100 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 22 U2 52 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 253 EP 260 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2909 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE9NG UT WOS:000370964000012 ER PT J AU McDowell, NG Williams, AP Xu, C Pockman, WT Dickman, LT Sevanto, S Pangle, R Limousin, J Plaut, J Mackay, DS Ogee, J Domec, JC Allen, CD Fisher, RA Jiang, X Muss, JD Breshears, DD Rauscher, SA Koven, C AF McDowell, N. G. Williams, A. P. Xu, C. Pockman, W. T. Dickman, L. T. Sevanto, S. Pangle, R. Limousin, J. Plaut, J. Mackay, D. S. Ogee, J. Domec, J. C. Allen, C. D. Fisher, R. A. Jiang, X. Muss, J. D. Breshears, D. D. Rauscher, S. A. Koven, C. TI Multi-scale predictions of massive conifer mortality due to chronic temperature rise SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; TREE MORTALITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION MORTALITY; CARBON-CYCLE; FOREST; MECHANISMS; FEEDBACKS; DECLINE; PLANTS AB Global temperature rise and extremes accompanying drought threaten forests(1,2) and their associated climatic feedbacks(3,4). Our ability to accurately simulate drought-induced forest impacts remains highly uncertain(5,6) in part owing to our failure to integrate physiological measurements, regional-scale models, and dynamic global vegetation models(DGVMs). Here we show consistent predictions of widespread mortality of needleleaf evergreen trees (NET) within Southwest USA by 2100 using state-of-the-art models evaluated against empirical data sets. Experimentally, dominant Southwest USA NET species died when they fell below predawn water potential (psi(pd)) thresholds (April-August mean) beyond which photosynthesis, hydraulic and stomatal conductance, and carbohydrate availability approached zero. The evaluated regional models accurately predicted NET psi(pd), and 91% of predictions (10 out of 11) exceeded mortality thresholds within the twenty-first century due to temperature rise. The independent DGVMs predicted >= 50% loss of Northern Hemisphere NET by 2100, consistent with the NET findings for Southwest USA. Notably, the global models underestimated future mortality within Southwest USA, highlighting that predictions of future mortality within global models may be underestimates. Taken together, the validated regional predictions and the global simulations predict widespread conifer loss in coming decades under projected global warming. C1 [McDowell, N. G.; Williams, A. P.; Xu, C.; Dickman, L. T.; Sevanto, S.; Muss, J. D.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Williams, A. P.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Pockman, W. T.; Pangle, R.; Limousin, J.; Plaut, J.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Mackay, D. S.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geog, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Ogee, J.; Domec, J. C.] INRA Bordeaux Sci Agro, UMR ISPA 1391, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Domec, J. C.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Allen, C. D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mountains Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Fisher, R. A.; Jiang, X.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Breshears, D. D.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Breshears, D. D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Rauscher, S. A.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geog, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Koven, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Earth Sci, 1 Cyclotron Rd, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Jiang, X.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. RP McDowell, NG (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Earth & Environm Sci Div, MS J495, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM mcdowell@lanl.gov RI Ogee, Jerome/C-7185-2013; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; Pockman, William/D-4086-2014; Mackay, Scott/J-7569-2012; OI Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065; Pockman, William/0000-0002-3286-0457; Mackay, Scott/0000-0003-0477-9755; Xu, Chonggang/0000-0002-0937-5744 FU Department of Energy, Office of Science; Los Alamos National Lab's Lab Directed Research and Development programme; Department of Agriculture AFRI-NIFA programme; U.S.G.S. Climate and Land Use Program; National Science Foundation; [NSF-EAR-0724958]; [NSF-EF-1340624]; [ANR-13-AGRO-MACACC]; [NSF-IOS-1549959] FX This work was financially supported by the Department of Energy, Office of Science, by Los Alamos National Lab's Lab Directed Research and Development programme, by NSF-EAR-0724958 and NSF-EF-1340624, and also by ANR-13-AGRO-MACACC, and NSF-IOS-1549959, by the Department of Agriculture AFRI-NIFA programme, by the U.S.G.S. Climate and Land Use Program, and by a National Science Foundation grant to the University of New Mexico for Long Term Ecological Research. NR 31 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 36 U2 71 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 295 EP 300 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2873 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE9NG UT WOS:000370964000021 ER PT J AU Smith, WK Reed, SC Cleveland, CC Ballantyne, AP Anderegg, WRL Wieder, WR Liu, YY Running, SW AF Smith, W. Kolby Reed, Sasha C. Cleveland, Cory C. Ballantyne, Ashley P. Anderegg, William R. L. Wieder, William R. Liu, Yi Y. Running, Steven W. TI Large divergence of satellite and Earth system model estimates of global terrestrial CO2 fertilization SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE LA English DT Article ID CARBON-CYCLE FEEDBACKS; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATION MODELS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; DIOXIDE UPTAKE; ELEVATED CO2; CLIMATE; PRODUCTIVITY; NITROGEN; AVAILABILITY AB Atmospheric mass balance analyses suggest that terrestrial carbon (C) storage is increasing, partially abating the atmospheric [CO2] growth rate(1), although the continued strength of this important ecosystem service remains uncertain(2-6). Some evidence suggests that these increases will persist owing to positive responses of vegetation growth (net primary productivity; NPP) to rising atmospheric [CO2] (that is, 'CO2 fertilization')(5-8). Here, we present a new satellite-derived global terrestrial NPP data set(9-11), which shows a significant increase in NPP from 1982 to 2011. However, comparison against Earth system model (ESM) NPP estimates reveals a significant divergence, with satellite-derived increases (2.8 +/- 1.50%) less than half of ESM-derived increases (7.6 +/- 1.67%) over the 30-year period. By isolating the CO2 fertilization effect in each NPP time series and comparing it against a synthesis of available free-air CO2 enrichment data(12-15), we provide evidence that much of the discrepancy may be due to an over-sensitivity of ESMs to atmospheric [CO2], potentially reflecting an under-representation of climatic feedbacks(16-20) and/or a lack of representation of nutrient constraints(21-25). Our understanding of CO2 fertilization effects on NPP needs rapid improvement to enable more accurate projections of future C cycle-climate feedbacks; we contend that better integration of modelling, satellite and experimental approaches offers a promising way forward. C1 [Smith, W. Kolby; Cleveland, Cory C.; Ballantyne, Ashley P.; Running, Steven W.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Smith, W. Kolby] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA. [Anderegg, William R. L.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Anderegg, William R. L.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Wieder, William R.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arctic & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Liu, Yi Y.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. [Liu, Yi Y.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. RP Smith, WK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.; Smith, WK (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM wkolby@gmail.com RI Liu, Yi/M-7169-2015; OI Liu, Yi/0000-0001-9059-8269; WIEDER, WILLIAM/0000-0001-7116-1985 FU US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area; US Department of Energy Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences Program [DE-SC-0008168]; US Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; NASA Earth Observing System MODIS project [NNX08AG87A]; Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship [DE140100200] FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area, US Department of Energy Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences Program (Award no. DE-SC-0008168), the US Geological Survey John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis, and the NASA Earth Observing System MODIS project (grant no. NNX08AG87A). Y.Y.L. is supported by an Australian Research Council DECRA Fellowship (project number DE140100200). We also acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modelling groups (listed in Supplementary Table 1 of this paper) for producing and making available their model output. For CMIP, the US Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. All data presented in this analysis are publicly available; satellite estimates are available at the NTSG data portal (http://www.ntsg.umt.edu/data); CMIP5 experimental scenario data are available at the ESGF data portal (http://esgf.llnl.gov). NR 42 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 14 U2 48 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1758-678X EI 1758-6798 J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE JI Nat. Clim. Chang. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 306 EP 310 DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE2879 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE9NG UT WOS:000370964000023 ER PT J AU Roche, O Buesch, DC Valentine, GA AF Roche, O. Buesch, D. C. Valentine, G. A. TI Slow-moving and far-travelled dense pyroclastic flows during the Peach Spring super-eruption SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID WIDESPREAD IGNIMBRITE; TAUPO IGNIMBRITE; NEW-ZEALAND; TUFF; EMPLACEMENT; TOPOGRAPHY; DYNAMICS; ARIZONA; USA AB Explosive volcanic super-eruptions of several hundred cubic kilometres or more generate long run-out pyroclastic density currents the dynamics of which are poorly understood and controversial. Deposits of one such event in the southwestern USA, the 18.8 Ma Peach Spring Tuff, were formed by pyroclastic flows that travelled >170 km from the eruptive centre and entrained blocks up to similar to 70-90 cm diameter from the substrates along the flow paths. Here we combine these data with new experimental results to show that the flow's base had high-particle concentration and relatively modest speeds of similar to 5-20ms(-1), fed by an eruption discharging magma at rates up to similar to 10(7)-10(8)m(3)s(-1) for a minimum of 2.5-10 h. We conclude that sustained high-eruption discharge and long-lived high-pore pressure in dense granular dispersion can be more important than large initial velocity and turbulent transport with dilute suspension in promoting long pyroclastic flow distance. C1 [Roche, O.] Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IRD, Lab Magmas & Volcans,OPGC, 6 Ave Blaise Pascal,TSA 60026-CS 60026, F-63178 Aubiere, France. [Buesch, D. C.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 973, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Valentine, G. A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Valentine, G. A.] SUNY Buffalo, Ctr Geohazards Studies, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Roche, O (reprint author), Univ Clermont Ferrand, CNRS, IRD, Lab Magmas & Volcans,OPGC, 6 Ave Blaise Pascal,TSA 60026-CS 60026, F-63178 Aubiere, France. EM o.roche@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr OI Roche, Olivier/0000-0002-6751-6904 FU Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement; French Government Laboratory of Excellence initiative [ANR-10-LABX-0006]; Region Auvergne; European Regional Development Fund FX Information on key outcrops, materials and methods are presented in Supplementary Information. G.A.V. acknowledges support as a ClerVolc Visiting Professor at Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, during which this paper was written. This research was financed by Institut de Recherche pour le Developpement, the French Government Laboratory of Excellence initiative noANR-10-LABX-0006, the Region Auvergne and the European Regional Development Fund. This is Laboratory of Excellence ClerVolc contribution number 188. We thank Brett Cox for use of his unpublished map in the Kane Wash area of the Newberry Mountains, California. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 4 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 7 AR 10890 DI 10.1038/ncomms10890 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DF9YV UT WOS:000371719500001 PM 26947753 ER PT J AU McKenney, DG Kurath, G Wargo, AR AF McKenney, Douglas G. Kurath, Gael Wargo, Andrew R. TI Characterization of infectious dose and lethal dose of two strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Infectivity; Virulence; Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus; Infectious dose; Lethal dose; Independent action hypothesis ID RAINBOW-TROUT; IN-VIVO; STRESS RESPONSIVENESS; FISH RHABDOVIRUS; VIRULENCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FITNESS; PATHOGENICITY; AQUACULTURE; VOLUNTEERS AB The ability to infect a host is a key trait of a virus, and differences in infectivity could put one virus at an evolutionary advantage over another. In this study we have quantified the infectivity of two strains of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) that are known to differ in fitness and virulence. By exposing juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hosts to a wide range of virus doses, we were able to calculate the infectious dose in terms of ID50 values for the two genotypes. Lethal dose experiments were also conducted to confirm the virulence difference between the two virus genotypes, using a range of virus doses and holding fish either in isolation or in batch so as to calculate LD50 values. We found that infectivity is positively correlated with virulence, with the more virulent genotype having higher infectivity. Additionally, infectivity increases more steeply over a short range of doses compared to virulence, which has a shallower increase. We also examined the data using models of virion interaction and found no evidence to suggest that virions have either an antagonistic or a synergistic effect on each other, supporting the independent action hypothesis in the process of IHNV infection of rainbow trout. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [McKenney, Douglas G.; Kurath, Gael] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Wargo, Andrew R.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, 1375 Greate Rd, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. RP McKenney, DG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 NE 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM dmckenney@usgs.gov; gkurath@usgs.gov; arwargo@vims.edu FU Seattle Central College Undergraduate Research Program; USDA, USDA-NSF-NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease program [2012-67015-19960] FX We would like to acknowledge the support of Seattle Central College Undergraduate Research Program for providing the framework and funding to start this project. This work was also supported by USDA grant 2012-67015-19960 as part of the joint USDA-NSF-NIH Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Disease program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We would also like to thank Alison Kell for assistance in the laboratory; Rachel Breyta for guidance with the ID50, LD50, and survivorship analyses; Mark Zwart for discussions on the independent action analysis, Dr. Scott LaPatra for his generous donation of fish for the experiments, and two anonymous reviewers for thoughtful comments. Mention of trade names does not imply U.S. Government endorsement. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 214 BP 80 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.12.020 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA DG1PI UT WOS:000371839600011 PM 26752429 ER PT J AU Olivier, HM Jenkins, JA Berhow, M Carter, J AF Olivier, Heather M. Jenkins, Jill A. Berhow, Mark Carter, Jacoby TI A Pilot Study Testing a Natural and a Synthetic Molluscicide for Controlling Invasive Apple Snails (Pomacea maculata) SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Invasive species; Niclosamide; Pomacea; Tea seed ID BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; CANALICULATA; NICLOSAMIDE; ECOSYSTEM; RICE AB Pomacea maculata (formerly P. insularum), an apple snail native to South America, was discovered in Louisiana in 2008. These snails strip vegetation, reproduce at tremendous rates, and have reduced rice production and caused ecosystem changes in Asia. In this pilot study snails were exposed to two molluscicides, a tea (Camellia sinensis) seed derivative (TSD) or niclosamide monohydrate (Pestanal(A (R)), 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide, CAS #73360-56-2). Mortality was recorded after exposure to high or low concentrations (0.03 and 0.015 g/L for TSD, 1.3 and 0.13 mg/L for niclosamide). The TSD induced 100 % mortality at both concentrations. Niclosamide caused 100 % and 17 % mortality at high and low concentrations respectively. These molluscicides were also tested on potential biocontrol agents, the red swamp crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) and redear sunfish (Lepomis microlophus). No crayfish mortalities occurred at either concentration for either chemical, but sunfish experienced 100 % mortality with TSD (0.03 g/L), and 21 % mortality with niclosamide (0.13 mg/L). C1 [Olivier, Heather M.; Jenkins, Jill A.; Carter, Jacoby] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Berhow, Mark] USDA ARS, 1815 N Univ St, Peoria, IL 61604 USA. RP Olivier, HM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. EM hbirdsong@usgs.gov FU USGS Invasive Species Program FX This project was supported in part by the USGS Invasive Species Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 29 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 EI 1432-0800 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 96 IS 3 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1007/s00128-015-1709-z PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DF3LD UT WOS:000371244600004 PM 26687501 ER PT J AU Jimenez-Alfaro, B Chytry, M Mucina, L Grace, JB Rejmanek, M AF Jimenez-Alfaro, Borja Chytry, Milan Mucina, Ladislav Grace, James B. Rejmanek, Marcel TI Disentangling vegetation diversity from climate-energy and habitat heterogeneity for explaining animal geographic patterns SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Animal diversity; diversity patterns; energy hypothesis; habitat heterogeneity; plant community; productivity; vegetation ID MAMMAL SPECIES RICHNESS; BETA-DIVERSITY; ENVIRONMENTAL HETEROGENEITY; TAXONOMIC RICHNESS; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; SCALE; PLANT; EUROPE; GRADIENTS; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AB Broad-scale animal diversity patterns have been traditionally explained by hypotheses focused on climate-energy and habitat heterogeneity, without considering the direct influence of vegetation structure and composition. However, integrating these factors when considering plant-animal correlates still poses a major challenge because plant communities are controlled by abiotic factors that may, at the same time, influence animal distributions. By testing whether the number and variation of plant community types in Europe explain country-level diversity in six animal groups, we propose a conceptual framework in which vegetation diversity represents a bridge between abiotic factors and animal diversity. We show that vegetation diversity explains variation in animal richness not accounted for by altitudinal range or potential evapotranspiration, being the best predictor for butterflies, beetles, and amphibians. Moreover, the dissimilarity of plant community types explains the highest proportion of variation in animal assemblages across the studied regions, an effect that outperforms the effect of climate and their shared contribution with pure spatial variation. Our results at the country level suggest that vegetation diversity, as estimated from broad-scale classifications of plant communities, may contribute to our understanding of animal richness and may be disentangled, at least to a degree, from climate-energy and abiotic habitat heterogeneity. C1 [Jimenez-Alfaro, Borja; Chytry, Milan] Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, Kotlarska 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. [Mucina, Ladislav] Univ Western Australia, Iluka Chair Vegetat Sci & Biogeog, Sch Plant Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Mucina, Ladislav] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, ZA-7602 Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Rejmanek, Marcel] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Jimenez-Alfaro, B (reprint author), Masaryk Univ, Dept Bot & Zool, Kotlarska 2, CZ-61137 Brno, Czech Republic. EM borja@sci.muni.cz RI Chytry, Milan/J-4954-2012; Jimenez-Alfaro, Borja/M-6283-2015 OI Chytry, Milan/0000-0002-8122-3075; Jimenez-Alfaro, Borja/0000-0001-6601-9597 FU project "Employment of Best Young Scientists for International Cooperation Empowerment" - European Social Fund [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0037]; state budget of the Czech Republic; Czech Science Foundation (Centre of Excellence PLADIAS) [14-36079G] FX BJ-A was supported by the project "Employment of Best Young Scientists for International Cooperation Empowerment" (CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0037) cofinanced from European Social Fund and the state budget of the Czech Republic; MC was supported by the Czech Science Foundation (Centre of Excellence PLADIAS, 14-36079G). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2045-7758 J9 ECOL EVOL JI Ecol. Evol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 6 IS 5 BP 1515 EP 1526 DI 10.1002/ece3.1972 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DF3CP UT WOS:000371221600020 PM 26900451 ER PT J AU Kassotis, CD Tillitt, DE Lin, CH McElroy, JA Nagel, SC AF Kassotis, Christopher D. Tillitt, Donald E. Lin, Chung-Ho McElroy, Jane A. Nagel, Susan C. TI Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals and Oil and Natural Gas Operations: Potential Environmental Contamination and Recommendations to Assess Complex Environmental Mixtures SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID DRINKING-WATER WELLS; HYDRAULIC FRACTURING FLOWBACK; NONMONOTONIC DOSE RESPONSES; MARCELLUS SHALE; WASTE-WATER; BISPHENOL-A; EUROPEAN-UNION; IN-VITRO; ESTROGENIC ACTIVITY; UNCONVENTIONAL OIL AB BACKGROUND: Hydraulic fracturing technologies, developed over the last 65 years, have only recently been combined with horizontal drilling to unlock oil and gas reserves previously deemed inaccessible. Although these technologies have dramatically increased domestic oil and natural gas production, they have also raised concerns for the potential contamination of local water supplies with the approximately 1,000 chemicals that are used throughout the process, including many known or suspected endocrine-disrupting chemicals. OBJECTIVES: We discuss the need for an endocrine component to health assessments for drilling-dense regions in the context of hormonal and antihormonal activities for chemicals used. Methods: We discuss the literature on a) surface and groundwater contamination by oil and gas extraction operations, and b) potential human exposure, particularly in the context of the total hormonal and antihormonal activities present in surface and groundwater from natural and anthropogenic sources; we also discuss initial analytical results and critical knowledge gaps. DISCUSSION: In light of the potential for environmental release of oil and gas chemicals that can disrupt hormone receptor systems, we recommend methods for assessing complex hormonally active environmental mixtures. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a need for an endocrine-centric component for overall health assessments and provide information supporting the idea that using such a component will help explain reported adverse health trends as well as help develop recommendations for environmental impact assessments and monitoring programs. C1 [Kassotis, Christopher D.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Tillitt, Donald E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO USA. [Lin, Chung-Ho] Univ Missouri, Sch Nat Resources, Dept Forestry, M659 Med Sci Bldg,1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [McElroy, Jane A.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, M659 Med Sci Bldg,1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Nagel, Susan C.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, M659 Med Sci Bldg,1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Nagel, SC (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, M659 Med Sci Bldg,1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM nagels@health.missouri.edu FU STAR Fellowship Assistance agreement - U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [FP-91747101] FX The writing of this manuscript was supported by STAR Fellowship Assistance agreement no. FP-91747101 awarded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) (C.D.K.). NR 132 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 14 U2 56 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 124 IS 3 BP 256 EP 264 DI 10.1289/ehp.1409535 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA DF6CJ UT WOS:000371442500011 PM 26311476 ER PT J AU Safaie, A Wendzel, A Ge, ZF Nevers, MB Whitman, RL Corsi, SR Phanikumar, MS AF Safaie, Ammar Wendzel, Aaron Ge, Zhongfu Nevers, Meredith B. Whitman, Richard L. Corsi, Steven R. Phanikumar, Mantha S. TI Comparative Evaluation of Statistical and Mechanistic Models of Escherichia coli at Beaches in Southern Lake Michigan SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; DRINKING-WATER SOURCE; NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; SURF ZONE; HUNTINGTON-BEACH; BUDGET ANALYSIS; TRANSPORT; INACTIVATION; ENTEROCOCCI; POLLUTION AB Statistical and mechanistic models are popular tools for predicting the levels of indicator bacteria at recreational beaches. Researchers tend to use one class of model or the other, and it is difficult to generalize statements about their relative performance due to differences in how the models are developed, tested, and used. We describe a cooperative modeling approach for freshwater beaches impacted by point sources in which insights derived from mechanistic modeling were used to further improve the statistical models and vice versa. The statistical models provided a basis for assessing the mechanistic models which were further improved using probability distributions to generate high-resolution time series data at the source, long-term "tracer" transport modeling based on observed electrical conductivity, better assimilation of meteorological data, and the use of unstructured-grids to better resolve nearshore features. This approach resulted in improved models of comparable performance for both classes including a parsimonious statistical model suitable for real-time predictions based on an easily measurable environmental variable (turbidity). The modeling approach outlined here can be used at other sites impacted by point sources and has the potential to improve water quality predictions resulting in more accurate estimates of beach closures. C1 [Safaie, Ammar; Wendzel, Aaron; Phanikumar, Mantha S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1449 Engn Res Court, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Ge, Zhongfu; Nevers, Meredith B.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1574 N Cty Rd,300 E Chesterton, Indiana, PA 46304 USA. [Corsi, Steven R.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Phanikumar, MS (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1449 Engn Res Court, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM phani@msu.edu OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734 FU USGS Oceans Research Priorities Plan; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative FX This research was funded in part through the USGS Oceans Research Priorities Plan and the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. We thank Muruleedhara Byappanahalli, Dawn Shively, Kasia Przybyla-Kelly, Ashley Spoljaric, Pramod Thupaki, Mark Blouin, and Glen Black for their contributions to this research. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is Contribution 2014 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 5 BP 2442 EP 2449 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b05378 PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DF5DJ UT WOS:000371371700037 PM 26825142 ER PT J AU Rovai, AS Riul, P Twilley, RR Castaneda-Moya, E Rivera-Monroy, VH Williams, AA Simard, M Cifuentes-Jara, M Lewis, RR Crooks, S Horta, PA Schaeffer-Novelli, Y Cintron, G Pozo-Cajas, M Pagliosa, PR AF Rovai, A. S. Riul, P. Twilley, R. R. Castaneda-Moya, E. Rivera-Monroy, V. H. Williams, A. A. Simard, M. Cifuentes-Jara, M. Lewis, R. R. Crooks, S. Horta, P. A. Schaeffer-Novelli, Y. Cintron, G. Pozo-Cajas, M. Pagliosa, P. R. TI Scaling mangrove aboveground biomass from site-level to continental-scale SO GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE Allometric models; carbon stock; climate change; coastal management policies; macroecology; mangrove forest structure; Neotropics ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST STRUCTURE; CARIBBEAN COAST; PACIFIC COAST; COSTA-RICA; GAZI BAY; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; PELLICIERA-RHIZOPHORAE; SECONDARY SUCCESSION AB AimWe developed a set of statistical models to improve spatial estimates of mangrove aboveground biomass (AGB) based on the environmental signature hypothesis (ESH). We hypothesized that higher tidal amplitudes, river discharge, temperature, direct rainfall and decreased potential evapotranspiration explain observed high mangrove AGB. LocationNeotropics and a small portion of the Nearctic region. MethodsA universal forest model based on site-level forest structure statistics was validated to spatially interpolate estimates of mangrove biomass at different locations. Linear models were then used to predict mangrove AGB across the Neotropics. ResultsThe universal forest site-level model was effective in estimating mangrove AGB using pre-existing mangrove forest structure inventories to validate the model. We confirmed our hypothesis that at continental scales higher tidal amplitudes contributed to high forest biomass associated with high temperature and rainfall, and low potential evapotranspiration. Our model explained 20% of the spatial variability in mangrove AGB, with values ranging from 16.6 to 627.0t ha(-1) (mean, 88.7t ha(-1)). Our findings show that mangrove AGB has been overestimated by 25-50% in the Neotropics, underscoring a commensurate bias in current published global estimates using site-level information. Main conclusionsOur analysis show how the ESH significantly explains spatial variability in mangrove AGB at hemispheric scales. This finding is critical to improve and explain site-level estimates of mangrove AGB that are currently used to determine the relative contribution of mangrove wetlands to global carbon budgets. Due to the lack of a conceptual framework explicitly linking environmental drivers and mangrove AGB values during model validation, previous works have significantly overestimated mangrove AGB; our novel approach improved these assessments. In addition, our framework can potentially be applied to other forest-dominated ecosystems by allowing the retrieval of extensive databases at local levels to generate more robust statistical predictive models to estimate continental-scale biomass values. C1 [Rovai, A. S.; Horta, P. A.; Pagliosa, P. R.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Ecol & Zool, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Riul, P.] Univ Fed Paraiba, Dept Engn & Meio Ambiente, BR-58297000 Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil. [Twilley, R. R.; Castaneda-Moya, E.; Rivera-Monroy, V. H.; Williams, A. A.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Simard, M.] Jet Prop Lab, MS 300-319D,4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 90039 USA. [Cifuentes-Jara, M.] CATIE, Apdo 70, Turrialba 30501, Cartago, Costa Rica. [Lewis, R. R.] Lewis Environm Serv Inc, POB 5430, Salt Springs, FL 32134 USA. [Crooks, S.] Environm Sci Associates, 550 Kearny St Ste 800, San Francisco, CA 94108 USA. [Horta, P. A.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Bot, BR-88010970 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Schaeffer-Novelli, Y.] Univ Sao Paulo, Inst Oceanog, Praca Oceanog 191, BR-05058000 Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil. [Cintron, G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 4401 N Fairfax Dr Rm 11Q, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Pozo-Cajas, M.] Escuela Super Politecn Litoral, Fac Ciencias Maritimas, Km 30-5 Via Perimetral, Guayaquil, Ecuador. [Pagliosa, P. R.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Geociencias, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. RP Rovai, AS (reprint author), Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Ecol & Zool, BR-88040900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. EM asrovai@gmail.com RI Simard, Marc/H-3516-2013; Pagliosa, Paulo/E-1948-2013; OI Simard, Marc/0000-0002-9442-4562; Pagliosa, Paulo/0000-0003-0834-2534; , Pablo/0000-0003-4035-1975 FU CAPES; CNPq; Louisiana Sea Grant College Program; School of the Coast and Environment (LSU); Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term Ecological Research program [DBI-0620409, DEB-1237517]; NASA-JPL project 'Vulnerability Assessment of Mangrove Forest Regions of the Americas' (LSU) [1452878]; [BEX1930/13-3]; [BEX2516/14-04]; [18379/12-5] FX The Brazilian foundations CAPES and CNPq, the Louisiana Sea Grant College Program and the School of the Coast and Environment (LSU) supported this work. The CAPES Science without Borders (PDSE/CsF) and Post-doctoral Senior Programs provided international fellowships for A.S.R., P.R. (grant nos. BEX1930/13-3 and BEX2516/14-04) and P.R.P. (grant no. 18379/12-5). The Florida Coastal Everglades Long-Term Ecological Research program (grant nos. DBI-0620409 and DEB-1237517) and the NASA-JPL project 'Vulnerability Assessment of Mangrove Forest Regions of the Americas' (LSU Subcontract no. 1452878) provided partial funding for V.H.R.M., E.C.M. and A.A.W. We are also grateful to James Hutchison and an anonymous referee for providing insightful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 255 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1466-822X EI 1466-8238 J9 GLOBAL ECOL BIOGEOGR JI Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 286 EP 298 DI 10.1111/geb.12409 PG 13 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DF6AI UT WOS:000371436200004 ER PT J AU Gerst, KL Kellermann, JL Enquist, CAF Rosemartin, AH Denny, EG AF Gerst, Katharine L. Kellermann, Jherime L. Enquist, Carolyn A. F. Rosemartin, Alyssa H. Denny, Ellen G. TI Estimating the onset of spring from a complex phenology database: trade-offs across geographic scales SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Phenology; Onset; Leaf-out; Phenological metrics; Data selection; Sampling frequency ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; PLANT; ECOSYSTEMS; LEAF; TERRESTRIAL; MIGRATION; COMMUNITY; GRADIENT AB Phenology is an important indicator of ecological response to climate change. Yet, phenological responses are highly variable among species and biogeographic regions. Recent monitoring initiatives have generated large phenological datasets comprised of observations from both professionals and volunteers. Because the observation frequency is often variable, there is uncertainty associated with estimating the timing of phenological activity. "Status monitoring" is an approach that focuses on recording observations throughout the full development of life cycle stages rather than only first dates in order to quantify uncertainty in generating phenological metrics, such as onset dates or duration. However, methods for using status data and calculating phenological metrics are not standardized. To understand how data selection criteria affect onset estimates of springtime leaf-out, we used status-based monitoring data curated by the USA National Phenology Network for 11 deciduous tree species in the eastern USA between 2009 and 2013. We asked, (1) How are estimates of the date of leaf-out onset, at the site and regional levels, influenced by different data selection criteria and methods for calculating onset, and (2) at the regional level, how does the timing of leaf-out relate to springtime minimum temperatures across latitudes and species? Results indicate that, to answer research questions at site to landscape levels, data users may need to apply more restrictive data selection criteria to increase confidence in calculating phenological metrics. However, when answering questions at the regional level, such as when investigating spatiotemporal patterns across a latitudinal gradient, there is low risk of acquiring erroneous results by maximizing sample size when using status-derived phenological data. C1 [Gerst, Katharine L.; Kellermann, Jherime L.; Enquist, Carolyn A. F.; Rosemartin, Alyssa H.; Denny, Ellen G.] USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Gerst, Katharine L.; Kellermann, Jherime L.; Enquist, Carolyn A. F.; Rosemartin, Alyssa H.; Denny, Ellen G.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Kellermann, Jherime L.] Oregon Inst Technol, Dept Nat Sci, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA. [Enquist, Carolyn A. F.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Gerst, KL (reprint author), USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.; Gerst, KL (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM katgerst@email.arizona.edu FU United States Geological Survey [G14AC00405] FX Data were provided by the USA National Phenology Network and the many participants who contribute to its Nature's Notebook program. Special thanks to Theresa Crimmins and Jake Weltzin for discussions and comments on earlier drafts. The project described in this publication was supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number G14AC00405 from the United States Geological Survey. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 10 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0020-7128 EI 1432-1254 J9 INT J BIOMETEOROL JI Int. J. Biometeorol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 60 IS 3 BP 391 EP 400 DI 10.1007/s00484-015-1036-4 PG 10 WC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology SC Biophysics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Physiology GA DF8PC UT WOS:000371619300007 PM 26260630 ER PT J AU Wang, SYS Lin, YH Gillies, RR Hakala, K AF Wang, S. -Y. Simon Lin, Yen-Heng Gillies, Robert R. Hakala, Kirsti TI Indications for Protracted Groundwater Depletion after Drought over the Central Valley of California*(,+) SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Hydrologic cycle; Climate change; Hydrometeorology; Climate variability; Physical Meteorology and Climatology ID CALIFORNIA DROUGHT; WATER; FUTURE; SOUTHWEST; RISK; US AB Ongoing (2014-16) drought in the state of California has played a major role in the depletion of groundwater. Within California's Central Valley, home to one of the world's most productive agricultural regions, drought and increased groundwater depletion occurs almost hand in hand, but this relationship appears to have changed over the last decade. Data derived from 497 wells have revealed a continued depletion of groundwater lasting a full year after drought, a phenomenon that was not observed in earlier records before the twenty-first century. Possible causes include 1) lengthening of drought associated with amplification in the 4-6-yr drought and El Nino frequency since the late 1990s and 2) intensification of drought and increased pumping that enhances depletion. Altogether, the implication is that current groundwater storage in the Central Valley will likely continue to diminish even further in 2016, regardless of the drought status. C1 [Wang, S. -Y. Simon; Gillies, Robert R.] Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Wang, S. -Y. Simon; Lin, Yen-Heng; Gillies, Robert R.] Utah State Univ, Utah Climate Ctr, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hakala, Kirsti] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Hakala, Kirsti] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Wang, SYS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Plants Soils & Climate, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM simon.wang@usu.edu FU NASA's Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) program; Bureau of Reclamation Grant [R13AC80039]; NASA Grant [NNX13AC37G]; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University; CESM1 Large Ensemble Project (LEP) FX Insightful comments offered by Dr. Andy Wood and two anonymous reviewers, as well as discussions with Matt Rodell, Hiroko Kato, and Calvin Poulsen, are highly appreciated. We are grateful to Laurel Rogers and Patricia Orlando of USGS for providing crucial water information. Data of GRACE Tellus is supported by NASA's Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments (MEaSUREs) program available at http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov. CESM1 Large Ensemble Project (LEP) data are available at https://www2.cesm.ucar.edu/models/experiments/LENS. This research was supported by the Bureau of Reclamation Grant R13AC80039, NASA Grant NNX13AC37G, and the Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 39 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1525-755X EI 1525-7541 J9 J HYDROMETEOROL JI J. Hydrometeorol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 17 IS 3 BP 947 EP 955 DI 10.1175/JHM-D-15-0105.1 PG 9 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DF6OC UT WOS:000371474100001 ER PT J AU Lopez-Sanchez, MA Aleinikoff, JN Marcos, A Martinez, FJ Llana-Funez, S AF Lopez-Sanchez, Marco A. Aleinikoff, John N. Marcos, Alberto Martinez, Francisco J. Llana-Funez, Sergio TI An example of low-Th/U zircon overgrowths of magmatic origin in a late orogenic Variscan intrusion: the San Ciprian massif (NW Spain) SO JOURNAL OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TRACE-ELEMENT COMPOSITION; U-PB AGES; IGNEOUS ZIRCON; EAST ANTARCTICA; NAPIER COMPLEX; GEOCHRONOLOGY; EVOLUTION; GROWTH; RECRYSTALLIZATION; METAMORPHISM AB Th/U values in zircon are commonly used to discriminate between metamorphic (Th/U < 0.1) and magmatic (Th/U > 0.1) origin for zircon overgrowths. We test this hypothesis in the San Ciprian massif, a late orogenic granitic intrusion in the hinterland of the Variscan orogeny. Zircon grains from this granite have cores with inherited Ediacaran ages and Th/U > 0.1, whereas zircon mantles yield an age of about 287 Ma, interpreted as the time of crystallization of the granite, and have Th/U < 0.1. Hence, the San Ciprian massif presents an uncommon but unambiguous example of magmatic zircon mantles with Th/U values typical of metamorphic zircon. The most likely causes for the unusually low-Th/U zircon values in the San Ciprian massif are a combination of a U-rich magma composition (owing to a fractionation process) and the absence of other U-enriched accessory minerals. Our work in determining Th/U ratios substantiates the warning previously made by some researchers and precludes the use of Th/U values in zircon as an unequivocal indicator of metamorphic origin in the absence of other chemical, zircon morphology or field-based independent criteria. C1 [Lopez-Sanchez, Marco A.; Marcos, Alberto; Llana-Funez, Sergio] Univ Oviedo, Dept Geol, Oviedo 33005, Spain. [Aleinikoff, John N.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Martinez, Francisco J.] Autonomous Univ Barcelona, Dept Geol, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. RP Lopez-Sanchez, MA (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Dept Geol, Oviedo 33005, Spain. EM malopez@geol.uniovi.es RI Lopez-Sanchez, Marco/A-4290-2015 OI Lopez-Sanchez, Marco/0000-0002-0261-9267 FU Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation [CGL2006-08822, CGL2006-09509, CGL2010-14890, CGL2014-53388-P]; Asturian Regional Government (Spain) [BP07-120] FX This work was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (grant numbers CGL2006-08822, CGL2006-09509, CGL2010-14890 and CGL2014-53388-P). M.A.L.-S. acknowledges a Severo Ochoa predoctoral fellowship (BP07-120) funded by the Asturian Regional Government (Spain). Reviews of earlier versions of the paper by J. Vazquez and two anonymous reviewers focused our thinking and improved this contribution. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 9 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBL HOUSE PI BATH PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CENTRE, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON, ENGLAND SN 0016-7649 EI 2041-479X J9 J GEOL SOC LONDON JI J. Geol. Soc. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 173 IS 2 BP 282 EP 291 DI 10.1144/jgs2015-071 PG 10 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DF3BR UT WOS:000371219200005 ER PT J AU Ingersoll, GP Miller, DC Morris, KH McMurray, JA Port, G Caruso, BS AF Ingersoll, George P. Miller, Debra C. Morris, Kristi H. McMurray, Jill A. Port, Garrett Caruso, Brian S. TI Changing Regional Emissions of Airborne Pollutants Reflected in the Chemistry of Snowpacks and Wetfall in the Rocky Mountain Region, USA, 1993-2012 SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION LA English DT Article DE Atmospheric deposition; Snowpack; Rocky Mountains; Emissions ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; REACTIVE NITROGEN; DEPOSITION; AMMONIA; COLORADO; SULFUR; TRENDS AB Wintertime precipitation sample data from 55 Snowpack sites and 17 National Atmospheric Deposition Program (NADP)/National Trends NetworkWetfall sites in the Rocky Mountain region were examined to identify long-term trends in chemical concentration, deposition, and precipitation using Regional and Seasonal Kendall tests. The Natural Resources Conservation Service snowtelemetry (SNOTEL) network provided snow-watere-quivalent data from 33 sites located near Snowpackand NADP Wetfall-sampling sites for further comparisons. Concentration and deposition of ammonium, calcium, nitrate, and sulfate were tested for trends for the period 1993-2012. Precipitation trends were compared between the three monitoring networks for the winter seasons and downward trends were observed for both Snowpack and SNOTEL networks, but not for the NADP Wetfall network. The dry-deposition fraction of total atmospheric deposition, relative to wet deposition, was shown to be considerable in the region. Potential sources of regional airborne pollutant emissions were identified from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency 2011 National Emissions Inventory, and from longterm emissions data for the period 1996-2013. Changes in the emissions of ammonia, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide were reflected in significant trends in snowpack and wetfall chemistry. In general, ammonia emissions in the western USA showed a gradual increase over the past decade, while ammonium concentrations and deposition in snowpacks and wetfall showed upward trends. Emissions of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide declined while regional trends in snowpack and wetfall concentrations and deposition of nitrate and sulfate were downward. C1 [Ingersoll, George P.; Port, Garrett; Caruso, Brian S.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Miller, Debra C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mountain Reg, Golden, CO 80401 USA. [Morris, Kristi H.] Natl Pk Serv, Air Resources Div, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [McMurray, Jill A.] US Forest Serv, Northern & Intermt Reg, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Caruso, BS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM bcaruso@usgs.gov FU National Park Service; USDA Forest Service; Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment; Teton Conservation District; U.S. Geological Survey FX The authors greatly appreciate the funding support from the National Park Service, the USDA Forest Service, the Colorado Department of Public Health and Environment, the Teton Conservation District, and the U.S. Geological Survey. We also acknowledge the assistance of many individuals who contributed to this effort. In particular, we thank Ann Acheson, Nic Bencke, Gina Biere, Tamara Blett, Stan Bones, Mike Britten, Don Campbell, Michael Curtis, Liese Dean, Jay Dorr, Sam Duerksen, Thomas Dzomba, Dan Ely, Dan Fagre, Ben Glass, Bob Hammer, Mary Hektner, Nan Ingersoll, Joe Marcos, Craig McClure, Lisa McKeon, Greg Miller, David Mueller, Douglas Myhre, Rick Neam, Mark Nilles, Gary Nelson, Gordon Pierce, Ted Porwoll, Don Rosenberry, Orville Rosenberry, John Sacklin, Kevin Sage, Robb Sgroi, Craig Skeie, Jeff Sorkin, Ed Snook, Mark Story, Terry Svalberg, Kathy Tonnessen, John Turk, and Eric Winthers. Special thanks also is due to the generous logistical support from the following ski areas: The Big Mountain, Big Sky, Loveland, Showdown, Snowbowl, Taos Ski Valley, and Teton Village. Two anonymous reviewers provided useful comments. Dennis Cleary developed the emissions plots. Bob Larson compiled the NADP NTN data. NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0049-6979 EI 1573-2932 J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL JI Water Air Soil Pollut. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 227 IS 3 AR 94 DI 10.1007/s11270-016-2784-4 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA DF5XW UT WOS:000371427300024 ER PT J AU Adel, M Amiri, AB Dadar, M Breyta, R Kurath, G Laktarashi, B Ghajari, A AF Adel, Milad Amiri, Alireza Babaalian Dadar, Maryam Breyta, Rachel Kurath, Gael Laktarashi, Bahram Ghajari, Amrolah TI Phylogenetic relationships of Iranian infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) based on the glycoprotein gene SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus; Iranian virus strains; Iran trout culture; Iran fish disease; Iran fish virus; IHNV; IHNV genogroup E; IHNV phylogenetics; Fish virus phylogeny ID SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; FISH RHABDOVIRUS; SOCKEYE-SALMON; IHNV; EVOLUTION; POPULATION; REVEALS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; HATCHERIES; GENOGROUP AB Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV), a member of family Rhabdoviridae and genus Novirhabdoviridae, causes a highly lethal disease of salmon and trout. In Iran IHNV was first detected in 2001 on farms rearing rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To evaluate the genetic relationships of IHNV from northern and western Iran, the sequences of a 651-nt region of the glycoprotein gene were determined for two Iranian isolates. These sequences were analyzed to evaluate their genetic relatedness to worldwide isolates representing the five known genogroups of IHNV. Iranian isolates were most closely related to European isolates within the genogroup E rather than those of North American genogroups U, M and L, or the Asian genogroup J. It appears that Iranian IHNV was most likely introduced to Iran from a source in Europe by the movement of contaminated fish eggs. C1 [Adel, Milad] Iranian Fisheries Res Ctr, Dept Aquat Anim Hlth & Dis, Tehran, Iran. [Amiri, Alireza Babaalian; Laktarashi, Bahram] Iranian Vet Org, Dept Aquat Anim Hlth & Dis, Sari, Iran. [Dadar, Maryam] Chamran Univ, Ctr Biotechnol & Biol Res, Ahwaz, Iran. [Breyta, Rachel] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Kurath, Gael] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Ghajari, Amrolah] Iranian Vet Org, Dept Aquat Anim Hlth & Dis, Tehran, Iran. RP Dadar, M (reprint author), Chamran Univ, Ctr Biotechnol & Biol Res, Ahwaz, Iran. EM dadar.m77@gmail.com RI Dadar, Maryam /D-3660-2017 OI Dadar, Maryam /0000-0001-5831-801X FU Iranian Veterinary Organization FX This research was supported by the Iranian Veterinary Organization. We especially thank the Central Veterinary Laboratory for their assistance in this project, and the Department of Aquatic Animal Health and Diseases of Iranian Fisheries Research Center. Mention of trade names does not imply U.S. government endorsement. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0304-8608 EI 1432-8798 J9 ARCH VIROL JI Arch. Virol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 161 IS 3 BP 657 EP 663 DI 10.1007/s00705-015-2684-8 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA DF0SR UT WOS:000371049800017 PM 26602428 ER PT J AU Croll, DA Newton, KM McKown, M Holmes, N Williams, JC Young, HS Buckelew, S Wolf, CA Howald, G Bock, MF Curl, JA Tershy, BR AF Croll, Donald A. Newton, Kelly M. McKown, Matthew Holmes, Nick Williams, Jeffrey C. Young, Hillary S. Buckelew, Stacey Wolf, Coral A. Howald, Gregg Bock, Milagra F. Curl, Jennifer A. Tershy, Bernie R. TI Passive recovery of an island bird community after rodent eradication SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Conservation; Hawadax Island; Invasive species; Relative abundance; Seabird; Shorebird ID ALEUTIAN ISLANDS; RAT ERADICATION; INTRODUCED RATS; SEABIRD COLONY; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; PREDATORS; PATTERNS; PROGRAMS AB The number and scale of island invasive species eradications is growing, but quantitative evidence of the conservation efficacy of passive recovery is limited. We compare relative abundances of breeding birds on Hawadax Island (formerly named Rat island), Aleutian Archipelago, Alaska, pre- and post- rat eradication to examine short-term (< 1 year post-eradication) changes due to rodenticide application, and medium-term (5 years post-eradication) changes due to the absence of invasive rats. In the short term, Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) numbers decreased from 24 individuals pre-eradication to two individuals < 1 year post-eradication, but recovered to 10 individuals (42 % of pre-eradication) 5 years post-eradication, with all individuals nesting (63 % of the pre-eradication nesting). Five years post-eradication relative abundances of most terrestrial birds surveyed using point counts either significantly increased [Gray-crowned Rosy Finch (Leucosticte tephrocotis), Lapland Longspur (Calcarius lapponicus), Snow Bunting (Plectrophenax nivalis), Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia)] or did not differ [Pacific Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)]. Shorebirds also increased 5 years post-eradication with Black Oystercatchers (Haematopus palliates) increasing fivefold, and Rock Sandpiper (Calidris ptilocnemis) nesting increasing from one to five nests. We confirmed two species of ground nesting seabirds [Tufted Puffin (Fratercula cirrhata) and Leach's Storm-petrel (Oceanodroma leucohoa)] as nesting (puffin) or engaged in courtship behavior (Storm-petrel) 5 years post-eradication. Our results indicate that despite the short-term impact on Bald Eagles, and without further human intervention, most terrestrial and marine birds have newly-colonized, re-colonized, or increased in abundance following the eradication of invasive rats. C1 [Croll, Donald A.; Newton, Kelly M.; McKown, Matthew; Bock, Milagra F.; Tershy, Bernie R.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Coastal Conservat Act Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [McKown, Matthew] Conservat Metr Inc, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Holmes, Nick; Wolf, Coral A.; Howald, Gregg] Isl Conservat, 2161 Delaware Ave,Suite A, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Williams, Jeffrey C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alaska Maritime Natl Wildlife Refuge, 95 Sterling Highway,Suite 1, Homer, AK 99603 USA. [Young, Hillary S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, 2116 Noble Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Buckelew, Stacey] Kachemak Bay Res Reserve, 95 Sterling Highway,Suite 2, Homer, AK 99603 USA. [Curl, Jennifer A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Wildlife Biol & Conservat, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Croll, DA (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Coastal Conservat Act Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM dcroll@ucsc.edu FU National Science Foundation [OPP-9985814]; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation [0101.12.030733]; David and Lucile Packard Foundation FX We gratefully acknowledge field assistance provided by S. Abel, E. Bishop, A. Chateau, K. Cunningham, R. Dingler, S. Ebbert, C. Eggelston, R. Federer, J. Giffard, C. Hanson, R. Heinz, J. Helm, E. McCreless, A. McInturff, M. Mumm, K. Outten, R. Shaening-Pokrasso, and R. Stansbury. Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge Staff, particularly V. Byrd, A. Sowls, S. Ebbert, G. Siekaniec and the crew of the R/V Tiglax provided invaluable research support. We were supported in part by the National Science Foundation (OPP-9985814), the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (0101.12.030733) and the David and Lucile Packard Foundation. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 15 U2 51 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD MAR PY 2016 VL 18 IS 3 BP 703 EP 715 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-1042-9 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE5FR UT WOS:000370657100009 ER PT J AU Schiffmacher, EN Becker, JG Lorah, MM Voytek, MA AF Schiffmacher, Emily N. Becker, Jennifer G. Lorah, Michelle M. Voytek, Mary A. TI The effects of co-contaminants and native wetland sediments on the activity and dominant transformation mechanisms of a 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA)-degrading enrichment culture SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane; Carbon tetrachloride; Tetrachloroethene; Contaminated wetlands; Dehalococcoides; Dehalobacter ID REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; VINYL-CHLORIDE; DEHALOCOCCOIDES-ETHENOGENES; CHLORINATED SOLVENTS; CIS-DICHLOROETHENE; CHLOROFORM; KINETICS; BIOTRANSFORMATION; DICHLOROMETHANE AB Bioremediation strategies, including bioaugmentation with chlorinated ethene-degrading enrichment cultures, have been successfully applied in the cleanup of subsurface environments contaminated with tetrachloroethene (PCE) and/or trichloroethene (TCE). However, these compounds are frequently found in the environment as components of mixtures that may also contain chlorinated ethanes and methanes. Under these conditions, the implementation of bioremediation may be complicated by inhibition effects, particularly when multiple dehalorespirers are present. We investigated the ability of the 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane (TeCA)-dechlorinating culture WBC-2 to biotransform TeCA alone, or a mixture of TeCA plus PCE and carbon tetrachloride (CT), in microcosms. The microcosms contained electron donors provided to biostimulate the added culture and sediment collected from a wetland where numerous "hotspots" of contamination with chlorinated solvent mixtures exist. The dominant TeCA biodegradation mechanism mediated by the WBC-2 culture in the microcosms was different in the presence of these wetland sediments than in the sediment-free enrichment culture or in previous WBC-2 bioaugmented microcosms and column tests conducted with wetland sediment collected at nearby sites. The co-contaminants and their daughter products also inhibited TeCA biodegradation by WBC-2. These results highlight the need to conduct biodegradability assays at new sites, particularly when multiple contaminants and dehalorespiring populations are present. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schiffmacher, Emily N.; Becker, Jennifer G.] Univ Maryland, Dept Environm Sci & Technol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Lorah, Michelle M.] US Geol Survey, MD DE DC Water Sci Ctr, 5522 Res Pk Dr, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA. [Voytek, Mary A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Becker, Jennifer G.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Schiffmacher, Emily N.] US Army Corps Engineers, Baltimore, MD USA. [Voytek, Mary A.] NASA, Sci Mission Directorate, Washington, DC 20546 USA. RP Becker, JG (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM emily.schiffmacher@gmail.com; jgbecker@mtu.edu; mmlorah@usgs.gov; mary.voytek-1@nasa.gov FU United States Geological Survey; U.S. Army Environmental Conservation and Restoration Division Aberdeen Proving Ground; Maryland Water Resources Research Center FX This work was supported, in part, through funding from the United States Geological Survey through a contract with the U.S. Army Environmental Conservation and Restoration Division Aberdeen Proving Ground, and the Maryland Water Resources Research Center, which is sponsored by the United States Geological Survey. Elizabeth J. P. Jones provided the WBC-2 culture and many helpful suggestions and insights throughout this study. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAR PY 2016 VL 147 BP 239 EP 247 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.12.033 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE7SD UT WOS:000370836100031 PM 26766361 ER PT J AU Fienen, MN Nolan, BT Feinstein, DT AF Fienen, Michael N. Nolan, Bernard T. Feinstein, Daniel T. TI Evaluating the sources of water to wells: Three techniques for metamodeling of a groundwater flow model SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Metamodeling; Groundwater; Bayesian networks; Artificial neural networks; Gradient boosted regression trees; Prediction ID DECISION-SUPPORT AB For decision support, the insights and predictive power of numerical process models can be hampered by insufficient expertise and computational resources required to evaluate system response to new stresses. An alternative is to emulate the process model with a statistical "metamodel." Built on a dataset of collocated numerical model input and output, a groundwater flow model was emulated using a Bayesian Network, an Artificial neural network, and a Gradient Boosted Regression Tree. The response of interest was surface water depletion expressed as the source of water-to-wells. The results have application for managing allocation of groundwater. Each technique was tuned using cross validation and further evaluated using a held-out dataset. A numerical MODFLOW-USG model of the Lake Michigan Basin, USA, was used for the evaluation. The performance and interpretability of each technique was compared pointing to advantages of each technique. The metamodel can extend to unmodeled areas. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fienen, Michael N.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, Off Water Qual, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Feinstein, Daniel T.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Geosci Dept, Lapham Hall,Room 338,3209 North Maryland Ave, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Fienen, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM mnfienen@usgs.gov; btnolan@usgs.gov; dtfeinst@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program, Glacial Aquifer Project; USGS National Water Quality Assessment Program, Modeling and Mapping Project FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Groundwater Resources Program, Glacial Aquifer Project and the USGS National Water Quality Assessment Program, Modeling and Mapping Project. The authors acknowledge valuable contributions by Howard Reeves and Randy Hunt at USGS. Reviews by three anonymous reviewers and by Nathaniel Plant and Kevin Breen at USGS greatly improved this manuscript. NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 77 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.11.023 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE8KN UT WOS:000370885000009 ER PT J AU Voinov, A Kolagani, N McCall, MK Glynn, PD Kragt, ME Ostermann, FO Pierce, SA Ramu, P AF Voinov, Alexey Kolagani, Nagesh McCall, Michael K. Glynn, Pierre D. Kragt, Marit E. Ostermann, Frank O. Pierce, Suzanne A. Ramu, Palaniappan TI Modelling with stakeholders - Next generation SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Review DE Citizen science; Social media; Serious games; Crowdsourcing; Biases; Uncertainty ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; COLLABORATIVE DECISION-MAKING; CLIMATE-CHANGE ADAPTATION; DISASTER RISK REDUCTION; RIVER-BASIN MANAGEMENT; 10 ITERATIVE STEPS; INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT; PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES; PUBLIC-PARTICIPATION AB This paper updates and builds on 'Modelling with Stakeholders' Voinov and Bousquet, 2010 which demonstrated the importance of, and demand for, stakeholder participation in resource and environmental modelling. This position paper returns to the concepts of that publication and reviews the progress made since 2010. A new development is the wide introduction and acceptance of social media and web applications, which dramatically changes the context and scale of stakeholder interactions and participation. Technology advances make it easier to incorporate information in interactive formats via visualization and games to augment participatory experiences. Citizens as stakeholders are increasingly demanding to be engaged in planning decisions that affect them and their communities, at scales from local to global. How people interact with and access models and data is rapidly evolving. In turn, this requires changes in how models are built, packaged, and disseminated: citizens are less in awe of experts and external authorities, and they are increasingly aware of their own capabilities to provide inputs to planning processes, including models. The continued acceleration of environmental degradation and natural resource depletion accompanies these societal changes, even as there is a growing acceptance of the need to transition to alternative, possibly very different, life styles. Substantive transitions cannot occur without significant changes in human behaviour and perceptions. The important and diverse roles that models can play in guiding human behaviour, and in disseminating and increasing societal knowledge, are a feature of stakeholder processes today. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Voinov, Alexey] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, NL-7500 AA Enschede, Netherlands. [Kolagani, Nagesh; Ramu, Palaniappan] Indian Inst Technol, Dept Engn Design, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. [McCall, Michael K.] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Ctr Res Environm Geog CIGA, Morelia 58190, Michoacan, Mexico. [Glynn, Pierre D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 432, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Kragt, Marit E.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Agr & Resource Econ, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Ostermann, Frank O.] Univ Twente, Fac Geoinformat Sci & Earth Observat ITC, POB 217, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands. [Pierce, Suzanne A.] Univ Texas Austin, Texas Adv Comp Ctr, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Pierce, Suzanne A.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Kolagani, N (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, Dept Engn Design, Madras 600036, Tamil Nadu, India. EM aavoinov@gmail.com; nagesh.kolagani@alumni.iitm.ac.in; mkmccall@gmail.com; pglynn@usgs.gov; marit.kragt@uwa.edu.au; f.o.ostermann@utwente.nl; sawpierce@gmail.com; palramu@iitm.ac.in RI Voinov, Alexey/F-7397-2010; OI Voinov, Alexey/0000-0002-2985-4574; Kragt, Marit/0000-0001-6847-4817; McCall, Michael/0000-0002-6405-3369; Ostermann, Frank/0000-0002-9317-8291 FU COMPLEX project [EU-FP7-308601]; project of Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India [5-4/2010-TE] FX A. Voinov was supported by the EU-FP7-308601 COMPLEX project. N. Kolagani and P. Ramu were supported by the 5-4/2010-TE project of Department of Land Resources, Ministry of Rural Development, Government of India. Because one of the co-authors of this paper, P.D. Glynn, is an employee of the U.S. Geological Survey, the following statement applies. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 209 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 24 U2 119 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 77 BP 196 EP 220 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.11.016 PG 25 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE8KN UT WOS:000370885000016 ER PT J AU Small, GE Ardon, M Duff', JH Jackman, AP Ramirez, A Triska, FJ Pringle, CM AF Small, Gaston E. Ardon, Marcelo Duff', John H. Jackman, Alan P. Ramirez, Alonso Triska, Frank J. Pringle, Catherine M. TI Phosphorus retention in a lowland Neotropical stream following an eight-year enrichment experiment SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE phosphorus; sediments; sorption; storage; stream; tropical ID HEADWATER STREAM; TROPICAL STREAMS; ORGANIC-MATTER; WATER VELOCITY; BED-SEDIMENTS; CHANNEL BED; COSTA-RICA; DYNAMICS; RIVER; STORAGE AB Human alteration of the global P cycle has led to widespread P loading in freshwater ecosystems. Much research has been devoted to the capacity of wetlands and lakes to serve as long-term sinks for P inputs from the watershed, but we know much less about the potential of headwater streams to serve in this role. We assessed storage and retention of P in biotic and abiotic compartments after an 8-y experimental P addition to a 1st-order stream in a Neotropical wet forest. Sediment P extractions indicated that nearly all P storage was in the form of Fe- and Al-bound P (similar to 700 mu g P/g dry sediment), similar to nearby naturally high-P streams. At the end of the enrichment, similar to 25% of the total P added over the 8-y study was still present in sediments within 200 m of the injection site, consistent with water-column measurements showing sustained levels of high net P uptake throughout the experiment. Sediment P declined to baseline levels (similar to 100 mu g P/g dry sediment) over 4 y after the enrichment ended. Leaf-litter P content increased nearly 2x over background levels during P enrichment and was associated with a 3x increase in microbial respiration rates, although these biotic responses were low compared to nearby naturally high P streams. Biotic storage accounted for <0.03% of retention of the added P. Our results suggest that the high sorption capacity of these sediments dampened the biotic effects of P loading and altered the timing and quantity of P exported downstream. C1 [Small, Gaston E.] Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA. [Ardon, Marcelo] E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Duff', John H.; Jackman, Alan P.; Triska, Frank J.] US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ramirez, Alonso] Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Trop Ecosyst Studies, San Juan, PR 00931 USA. [Pringle, Catherine M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Small, GE (reprint author), Univ St Thomas, Dept Biol, St Paul, MN 55105 USA.; Ardon, M (reprint author), E Carolina Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.; Duff', JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Div Water Resources, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.; Ramirez, A (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Inst Trop Ecosyst Studies, San Juan, PR 00931 USA.; Pringle, CM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM gaston.small@stthomas.edu; ardonsayaom@ecu.edu; jhduff@usgs.gov; aramirez@ramirezlab.net; cpringle@uga.edu OI Small, Gaston/0000-0002-9018-7555; Ardon, Marcelo/0000-0001-7275-2672 FU National Science Foundation through the Long-Term Studies in Environmental Biology program [DEB 9528434, DEB 0075339, DEB 0545463] FX We are grateful to Minor Hidalgo for maintaining the 8-y P-addition experiment and to Ronald Avanzino for help with chemical analyses. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation through the Long-Term Studies in Environmental Biology program (DEB 9528434, DEB 0075339, DEB 0545463). We thank Jennifer McGuire for constructive comments on an early version of this manuscript. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 24 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1086/684491 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800001 ER PT J AU Snyder, MN Freeman, MC Purucker, ST Pringle, CM AF Snyder, Marcia N. Freeman, Mary C. Purucker, S. Thomas Pringle, Catherine M. TI Using occupancy modeling and logistic regression to assess the distribution of shrimp species in lowland streams, Costa Rica: does regional groundwater create favorable habitat? SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE crustacean; detection probability; freshwater; Macrobrachium; river; tropical ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; SELVA BIOLOGICAL STATION; PRESENCE-ABSENCE DATA; FRESH-WATER SHRIMP; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; NEOTROPICAL STREAM; TROPICAL STREAMS; CENTRAL-AMERICA; ABUNDANCE; ASSEMBLAGES AB Freshwater shrimps are an important biotic component of tropical ecosystems. However, they can have a low probability of detection when abundances are low. We sampled 3 of the most common freshwater shrimp species, Macrobrachium olfersii, Macrobrachium carcinus, and Macrobrachium heterochirus, and used occupancy modeling and logistic regression models to improve our limited knowledge of distribution of these cryptic species by investigating both local- and landscape-scale effects at La Selva Biological Station in Costa Rica. Local-scale factors included substrate type and stream size, and landscape scale factors included presence or absence of regional groundwater inputs. Capture rates for 2 of the sampled species (M olfersii and M. carcinus) were sufficient to compare the fit of occupancy models. Occupancy models did not converge for M. heterochirus, but M. heterochirus had high enough occupancy rates that logistic regression could be used to model the relationship between occupancy rates and predictors. The best-supported models for M olfersii and M carcinus included conductivity, discharge, and substrate parameters. Stream size was positively correlated with occupancy rates of all 3 species. High stream conductivity, which reflects the quantity of regional groundwater input into the stream, was positively correlated with M olfersii occupancy rates. Boulder substrates increased occupancy rate of M carcinus and decreased the detection probability of M olfersii. Our models suggest that shrimp distribution is driven by factors that function at local (substrate and discharge) and landscape (conductivity) scales. C1 [Snyder, Marcia N.; Pringle, Catherine M.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 140 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Freeman, Mary C.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, 150 Univ Court, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Purucker, S. Thomas] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. RP Snyder, MN; Pringle, CM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, 140 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Freeman, MC (reprint author), Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, 150 Univ Court, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Purucker, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM snydermn@gmail.com; mcfreeman@usgs.gov; purucker.tom@epa.gov; cpringle@uga.edu FU National Science Foundation through the Long-Term Studies Environmental Biology program [DEB 9528434, DEB 0075339, DEB 0545463]; Organization for Tropical Studies FX We are grateful to D. Sellers, A. Gilman, and M. Hidalgo for help with field work and to the Pringle lab for helpful feedback that improved this manuscript. T. Maddox and L. Dean contributed to laboratory analysis. This study was supported by the National Science Foundation through the Long-Term Studies Environmental Biology program (DEB 9528434, DEB 0075339, DEB 0545463) and the Organization for Tropical Studies. The use of trade, product, or firm names does not constitute endorsement by the US Government. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 80 EP 90 DI 10.1086/684486 PG 11 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800007 ER PT J AU Walters, AW AF Walters, Annika W. TI The importance of context dependence for understanding the effects of low-flow events on fish SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE drought; disturbance; hydrology; prioritization; stream flow; variability ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; AUSTRALIAN DRYLAND RIVER; FRESH-WATER FISHES; INTERMITTENT-STREAM; SIZE STRUCTURE; RAINBOW-TROUT; GREAT-PLAINS; BROOK TROUT; NATIVE FISH; MEDITERRANEAN STREAMS AB The natural hydrology of streams and rivers has been extensively altered by dam construction, water diversion, and climate change. An increased frequency of low-flow events will affect fish by changing habitat availability, resource availability, and reproductive cues. I reviewed the literature to characterize the approaches taken to assess low-flow events and fish, the main effects of low-flow events on fish, and the associated mechanistic drivers. Most studies are focused on temperate streams and are comparative in nature. Decreased stream flow is associated with decreased survival, growth, and abundance of fish populations and shifts in community composition, but effects are variable. This variability in effects is probably caused by context dependence. I propose 3 main sources of context dependence that drive the variation in fish responses to low-flow events: attributes of the low-flow event, attributes of the habitat, and attributes of the fish. Awareness of these sources of context dependence can help managers interpret and explain data, predict vulnerability of fish communities, and prioritize appropriate management actions. C1 [Walters, Annika W.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, 1000 East Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Walters, AW (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, 1000 East Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM annika.walters@uwyo.edu NR 115 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 42 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 216 EP 228 DI 10.1086/683831 PG 13 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800018 ER PT J AU Ode, PR Rehn, AC Mazor, RD Schiff', KC Stein, ED May, JT Brown, LR Herbst, DB Gillett, D Lunde, K Hawkins, CP AF Ode, Peter R. Rehn, Andrew C. Mazor, Raphael D. Schiff', Kenneth C. Stein, Eric D. May, Jason T. Brown, Larry R. Herbst, David B. Gillett, David Lunde, Kevin Hawkins, Charles P. TI Evaluating the adequacy of a reference-site pool for ecological assessments in environmentally complex regions SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE reference condition; bioassessment; environmental heterogeneity; performance measures; benthic macroinvertebrates ID BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; WATER-QUALITY; BIOLOGICAL ASSESSMENTS; BIOASSESSMENT METHODS; CALIFORNIA STREAMS; PERFORMANCE; INDEXES; RIVERS; SCALE; USA AB Many advances in the field of bioassessment have focused on approaches for objectively selecting the pool of reference sites used to establish expectations for healthy waterbodies, but little emphasis has been placed on ways to evaluate the suitability of the reference-site pool for its intended applications (e.g., compliance assessment vs ambient monitoring). These evaluations are critical because an inadequately evaluated reference pool may bias assessments in some settings. We present an approach for evaluating the adequacy of a reference-site pool for supporting biotic-index development in environmentally heterogeneous and pervasively altered regions. We followed common approaches for selecting sites with low levels of anthropogenic stress to screen 1985 candidate stream reaches to create a pool of 590 reference sites for assessing the biological integrity of streams in California, USA. We assessed the resulting pool of reference sites against 2 performance criteria. First, we evaluated how well the reference-site pool represented the range of natural gradients present in the entire population of streams as estimated by sites sampled through probabilistic surveys. Second, we evaluated the degree to which we were successful in rejecting sites influenced by anthropogenic stress by comparing biological metric scores at reference sites with the most vs fewest potential sources of stress. Using this approach, we established a reference-site pool with low levels of human-associated stress and broad coverage of environmental heterogeneity. This approach should be widely applicable and customizable to particular regional or programmatic needs. C1 [Ode, Peter R.; Rehn, Andrew C.; Mazor, Raphael D.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Aquat Bioassessment Lab, 2005 Nimbus Rd, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA. [Mazor, Raphael D.; Schiff', Kenneth C.; Stein, Eric D.; Gillett, David] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd,Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA. [May, Jason T.; Brown, Larry R.] US Geol Survey, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Herbst, David B.] Sierra Nevada Aquat Res Lab, 1016 Mt Morrison Rd, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 USA. [Lunde, Kevin] San Francisco Bay Reg Water Qual Control Board, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Hawkins, Charles P.] Utah State Univ, Western Ctr Monitoring & Assessment Freshwater Ec, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Hawkins, Charles P.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Ode, PR; Rehn, AC; Mazor, RD (reprint author), Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Aquat Bioassessment Lab, 2005 Nimbus Rd, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.; Mazor, RD; Schiff', KC; Stein, ED; Gillett, D (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd,Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.; May, JT; Brown, LR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.; Herbst, DB (reprint author), Sierra Nevada Aquat Res Lab, 1016 Mt Morrison Rd, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 USA.; Lunde, K (reprint author), San Francisco Bay Reg Water Qual Control Board, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.; Hawkins, CP (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Western Ctr Monitoring & Assessment Freshwater Ec, Dept Watershed Sci, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Hawkins, CP (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM peter.ode@wildlife.ca.gov; andy.rehn@wildlife.ca.gov; raphaelm@sccwrp.org; kens@sccwrp.org; erics@sccwrp.org; jasonmay@usgs.gov; lrbrown@usgs.gov; david.herbst@lifesci.ucsb.edu; davidg@sccwrp.org; kevin.lunde@waterboards.ca.gov; chuck.hawkins@usu.edu RI Stein, Eric/A-9362-2008; Hawkins, Charles/A-4530-2008 OI Stein, Eric/0000-0002-4729-809X; Hawkins, Charles/0000-0003-1247-0248 FU US EPA Region IX; California State Water Resources Control Board's Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program; stakeholder and regulatory development advisory groups; California's biological assessment program FX The analyses reported here were developed in support of California's biological assessment program and serve as the foundation of the state's regulatory biological criteria. Financial support for this effort was provided by grants from the US EPA Region IX and the California State Water Resources Control Board's Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program. The development process was supported by stakeholder and regulatory development advisory groups, whose contributions strongly influenced the objectives and approach we used. We are especially grateful to the considerable contributions of members of our scientific advisory panel who provided constructive guidance throughout the project: Dave Buchwalter, Rick Hafele, Chris Konrad, LeRoy Poff, John Van Sickle, and Lester Yuan. We further thank John Van Sickle for his valuable editorial contributions and Joseph Furnish for constructive advice throughout the process. We thank Tony Olsen, Tom Kincaid, and Kerry Ritter for help combining the multiple probability surveys. We also thank Christoph Matthaei and 2 anonymous referees for helpful comments that improved this manuscript. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 10 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 237 EP 248 DI 10.1086/684003 PG 12 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800020 ER PT J AU Roy, AH Capps, KA El-Sabaawi, RW Jones, KL Parr, TB Ramirez, A Smith, RF Walsh, CJ Wenger, SJ AF Roy, Allison H. Capps, Krista A. El-Sabaawi, Rana W. Jones, Krista L. Parr, Thomas B. Ramirez, Alonso Smith, Robert F. Walsh, Christopher J. Wenger, Seth J. TI Urbanization and stream ecology: diverse mechanisms of change SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE symposium; urban stream ecology; land use; sustainable urban water management; restoration ID STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; URBAN; SCIENCE AB The field of urban stream ecology has evolved rapidly in the last 3 decades, and it now includes natural scientists from numerous disciplines working with social scientists, landscape planners and designers, and land and water managers to address complex, socioecological problems that have manifested in urban landscapes. Over the last decade, stream ecologists have met 3 times at the Symposium on Urbanization and Stream Ecology (SUSE) to discuss current research, identify knowledge gaps, and promote future research collaborations. The papers in this special series on urbanization and stream ecology include both primary research studies and conceptual synthesis papers spurred from discussions at SUSE in May 2014. The themes of the meeting are reflected in the papers in this series emphasizing global differences in mechanisms and responses of stream ecosystems to urbanization and management solutions in diverse urban streams. Our hope is that this series will encourage continued interdisciplinary and collaborative research to increase the global understanding of urban stream ecology toward stream protection and restoration in urban landscapes. C1 [Roy, Allison H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Capps, Krista A.; Wenger, Seth J.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Capps, Krista A.] Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [El-Sabaawi, Rana W.] Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. [Jones, Krista L.] Oregon Water Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97216 USA. [Parr, Thomas B.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Ramirez, Alonso] Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00919 USA. [Smith, Robert F.] Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Walsh, Christopher J.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Ecosyst & Forest Sci, Burnley, Vic 3121, Australia. RP Roy, AH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Capps, KA; Wenger, SJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Capps, KA (reprint author), Savannah River Ecol Lab, Aiken, SC 29802 USA.; El-Sabaawi, RW (reprint author), Univ Victoria, Dept Biol, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada.; Jones, KL (reprint author), Oregon Water Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Portland, OR 97216 USA.; Parr, TB (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.; Ramirez, A (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Environm Sci, San Juan, PR 00919 USA.; Smith, RF (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Walsh, CJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Ecosyst & Forest Sci, Burnley, Vic 3121, Australia. EM aroy@eco.umass.edu; kcapps@uga.edu; rana@uvic.ca; kljones@usgs.gov; tbparr@udel.edu; aramirez@ramirezlab.net; rfsmith@eco.umass.edu; cwalsh@unimelb.edu.au; swenger@uga.edu FU National Science Foundation under DEB [1427007]; National Science Foundation, Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability (SEES) Fellowship [GEO-1215896] FX This manuscript and the papers that follow in this special series and BRIDGES cluster were a direct result of the 3rd Symposium on Urbanization and Stream Ecology held in Portland, Oregon in May 2014. The meeting was largely funded by the National Science Foundation under DEB 1427007. RFS was supported by the National Science Foundation, Science, Engineering, and Education for Sustainability (SEES) Fellowship Grant No. GEO-1215896. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 26 U2 54 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 272 EP 277 DI 10.1086/685097 PG 6 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800022 ER PT J AU Bhaskar, AS Beesley, L Burns, MJ Fletcher, TD Hamel, P Oldham, CE Roy, AH AF Bhaskar, A. S. Beesley, L. Burns, M. J. Fletcher, T. D. Hamel, P. Oldham, C. E. Roy, A. H. TI Will it rise or will it fall? Managing the complex effects of urbanization on base flow SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE urban development; decision framework; groundwater; urban stream management; water sensitive urban design; low impact development ID URBAN RIPARIAN ZONES; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; NEW-YORK; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; WATER-BALANCE; UNGAUGED CATCHMENTS; CHANNEL INCISION; UNITED-STATES; RIVER-BASIN AB Sustaining natural levels of base flow is critical to maintaining ecological function as stream catchments are urbanized. Stream base flow responds variably to urbanization. Base flow or water tables rise in some locations, fall in others, or remain constant. This variable response is the result of the array of natural (e.g., physiographic setting and climate) and anthropogenic (e.g., urban development and infrastructure) factors that influence hydrology. Perhaps because of this complexity, few simple tools exist to assist managers to predict baseflow change in their local urban area. We address this management need by presenting a decision-support tool that can be used to predict the likelihood and direction of baseflow change based on the natural vulnerability of the landscape and aspects of urban development. When the tool indicates a likely increase or decrease, managers can use it for guidance toward strategies that can reduce or increase groundwater recharge, respectively. An equivocal result from application of the tool suggests the need for a detailed water balance. The tool is embedded in an adaptive management framework that encourages managers to define their ecological objectives, assess the vulnerability of their ecological objectives to changes in water-table height, and monitor baseflow responses to urbanization. We tested our framework with 2 different case studies: Perth, Western Australia, Australia and Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Together, these studies show how predevelopment water-table height, climate, and geology together with aspects of urban infrastructure (e.g., stormwater practices, leaky pipes) interacted such that urbanization led to rising (Perth) and falling (Baltimore) base flow. Greater consideration of subsurface components of the water cycle will help to protect and restore the ecology of urban fresh waters. C1 [Bhaskar, A. S.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MSN 521, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Beesley, L.] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Excellence Nat Resource Management, Albany, WA 6332, Australia. [Beesley, L.; Oldham, C. E.] Cooperat Res Ctr Water Sensit Cities, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Burns, M. J.; Fletcher, T. D.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Ecosyst & Forest Sci, Waterway Ecosyst Res Grp, Burnley 3121, Australia. [Hamel, P.] Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Oldham, C. E.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Civil Environm & Min Engn, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia. [Roy, A. H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Bhaskar, AS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MSN 521, Reston, VA 20192 USA.; Beesley, L (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Ctr Excellence Nat Resource Management, Albany, WA 6332, Australia.; Beesley, L; Oldham, CE (reprint author), Cooperat Res Ctr Water Sensit Cities, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.; Burns, MJ; Fletcher, TD (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Ecosyst & Forest Sci, Waterway Ecosyst Res Grp, Burnley 3121, Australia.; Hamel, P (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Nat Capital Project, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Oldham, CE (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Sch Civil Environm & Min Engn, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.; Roy, AH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM abhaskar@usgs.gov; leah.beesley@uwa.edu.au; matthew.burns@unimelb.edu.au; tim.fletcher@unimelb.edu.au; perrine.hamel@stanford.edu; carolyn.oldham@uwa.edu.au; aroy@eco.umass.edu FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 1427007]; Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT100100144]; NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship [EAR 1349815] FX We thank the organizers of the 3rd Symposium for Urban Stream Ecology (SUSE3, May 2014, Portland, USA), S. Wenger, K. Capps, R. El-Sabaawi, K. Jones, T. Parr, A. Ramirez, A. Roy, R. Smith, and C. Walsh because the symposium led directly to the development of this paper. Funding for the SUSE3 meeting and this article was provided by National Science Foundation (NSF) award number DEB 1427007. We acknowledge that this collaboration could not have been achieved without the internet sharing tools of Doodle, Dropbox, and FlashMeeting! We thank Carlos Ocampo for valuable discussion around the concepts of this manuscript and for his specific comments on earlier drafts and Dianna Hogan and 2 anonymous referees for helpful comments on the manuscript. TDF was supported by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT100100144), and ASB was supported by an NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship (EAR 1349815). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 129 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 19 U2 53 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 293 EP 310 DI 10.1086/685084 PG 18 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800024 ER PT J AU Utz, RM Hopkins, KG Beesley, L Booth, DB Hawley, RJ Baker, ME Freeman, MC Jones, KL AF Utz, Ryan M. Hopkins, Kristina G. Beesley, Leah Booth, Derek B. Hawley, Robert J. Baker, Matthew E. Freeman, Mary C. Jones, Krista L. TI Ecological resistance in urban streams: the role of natural and legacy attributes SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE urbanization; ecological resistance; water storage capacity; sediment supply; connectivity; conductance; biodiversity and ecosystem function; land use history ID WATERSHED LAND-COVER; 9 METROPOLITAN-AREAS; LONG-TERM; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; CHANNEL ENLARGEMENT; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; DRAINAGE INFRASTRUCTURE; NUTRIENT CONCENTRATIONS; CATCHMENT URBANIZATION; RESPONSE DIVERSITY AB Urbanization substantially changes the physicochemical and biological characteristics of streams. The trajectory of negative effect is broadly similar around the world, but the nature and magnitude of ecological responses to urban growth differ among locations. Some heterogeneity in response arises from differences in the level of urban development and attributes of urban water management. However, the heterogeneity also may arise from variation in hydrologic, biological, and physicochemical templates that shaped stream ecosystems before urban development. We present a framework to develop hypotheses that predict how natural watershed and channel attributes in the pre-urban-development state may confer ecological resistance to urbanization. We present 6 testable hypotheses that explore the expression of such attributes under our framework: 1) greater water storage capacity mitigates hydrologic regime shifts, 2) coarse substrates and a balance between erosive forces and sediment supply buffer morphological changes, 3) naturally high ionic concentrations and pH pre-adapt biota to water quality stress, 4) metapopulation connectivity results in retention of species richness, 5) high functional redundancy buffers trophic function from species loss, and 6) landuse history mutes or reverses the expected trajectory of eutrophication. Data from past comparative analyses support these hypotheses, but rigorous testing will require targeted investigations that account for confounding or interacting factors, such as diversity in urban infrastructure attributes. Improved understanding of the susceptibility or resistance of stream ecosystems could substantially strengthen conservation, management, and monitoring efforts in urban streams. We hope that these preliminary, conceptual hypotheses will encourage others to explore these ideas further and generate additional explanations for the heterogeneity observed in urban streams. C1 [Utz, Ryan M.] Chatham Univ, Falk Sch Sustainabil, 6035 Ridge Rd, Gibsonia, PA 15044 USA. [Hopkins, Kristina G.] Univ Maryland, Natl Socioenvironm Synth Ctr, 1 Pk Pl Suite 300, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Beesley, Leah] Univ Western Australia, Ctr Excellence Nat Resource Management, Albany, WA 6332, Australia. [Beesley, Leah] Cooperat Res Ctr Water Sensit Cities, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Booth, Derek B.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Hawley, Robert J.] Sustainable Streams LLC, 1948 Deer Pk Ave, Louisville, KY 40205 USA. [Baker, Matthew E.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Geog & Environm Syst, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Freeman, Mary C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jones, Krista L.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Utz, RM (reprint author), Chatham Univ, Falk Sch Sustainabil, 6035 Ridge Rd, Gibsonia, PA 15044 USA.; Hopkins, KG (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Natl Socioenvironm Synth Ctr, 1 Pk Pl Suite 300, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.; Beesley, L (reprint author), Univ Western Australia, Ctr Excellence Nat Resource Management, Albany, WA 6332, Australia.; Beesley, L (reprint author), Cooperat Res Ctr Water Sensit Cities, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia.; Booth, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Hawley, RJ (reprint author), Sustainable Streams LLC, 1948 Deer Pk Ave, Louisville, KY 40205 USA.; Baker, ME (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Geog & Environm Syst, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA.; Freeman, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Jones, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM rutz@chatham.edu; khopkins@sesync.org; leah.beesley@uwa.edu.au; dbooth@bren.ucsb.edu; bob.hawley@sustainablestreams.com; mbaker@umbc.edu; mcfreeman@usgs.gov; kljones@usgs.gov FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 1427007]; Commonwealth of Australia through the Cooperative Research Centre Program FX The concepts presented here expanded upon a discussion session held at the 3rd Symposium on Urbanization and Stream Ecology (SUSE) in Portland, Oregon, USA, in May 2014, which was funded in part by US National Science Foundation (NSF) award DEB 1427007. The authors also acknowledge support from the Commonwealth of Australia through the Cooperative Research Centre Program. Jeff Burkley at the King County Water and Land Resources Division and Benjamin Janke of the University of Minnesota generously provided land cover and hydrologic data for the examples shown in Fig. 4. We thank the SUSE organizing committee for coordinating the event. Two anonymous referees, Amy Rosemond, Christopher Walsh, and Kit Wheeler greatly improved the quality of the manuscript through editorial and conceptual suggestions. NR 162 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 16 U2 57 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 380 EP 397 DI 10.1086/684839 PG 18 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800030 ER PT J AU Walsh, CJ Booth, DB Burns, MJ Fletcher, TD Hale, RL Hoang, LN Livingston, G Rippy, MA Roy, AH Scoggins, M Wallace, A AF Walsh, Christopher J. Booth, Derek B. Burns, Matthew J. Fletcher, Tim D. Hale, Rebecca L. Hoang, Lan N. Livingston, Grant Rippy, Megan A. Roy, Allison H. Scoggins, Mateo Wallace, Angela TI Principles for urban stormwater management to protect stream ecosystems SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE urban hydrology; management; stream protection; stream restoration ID GREEN ROOFS; WATER MANAGEMENT; CATCHMENT-SCALE; URBANIZATION; AUSTRALIA; RUNOFF; FLOW; SYSTEMS; RIVER; BIODIVERSITY AB Urban stormwater runoff is a critical source of degradation to stream ecosystems globally. Despite broad appreciation by stream ecologists of negative effects of stormwater runoff, stormwater management objectives still typically center on flood and pollution mitigation without an explicit focus on altered hydrology. Resulting management approaches are unlikely to protect the ecological structure and function of streams adequately. We present critical elements of stormwater management necessary for protecting stream ecosystems through 5 principles intended to be broadly applicable to all urban landscapes that drain to a receiving stream: 1) the ecosystems to be protected and a target ecological state should be explicitly identified; 2) the postdevelopment balance of evapotranspiration, stream flow, and infiltration should mimic the predevelopment balance, which typically requires keeping significant runoff volume from reaching the stream; 3) stormwater control measures (SCMs) should deliver flow regimes that mimic the predevelopment regime in quality and quantity; 4) SCMs should have capacity to store rain events for all storms that would not have produced widespread surface runoff in a predevelopment state, thereby avoiding increased frequency of disturbance to biota; and 5) SCMs should be applied to all impervious surfaces in the catchment of the target stream. These principles present a range of technical and social challenges. Existing infrastructural, institutional, or governance contexts often prevent application of the principles to the degree necessary to achieve effective protection or restoration, but significant potential exists for multiple co-benefits from SCM technologies (e.g., water supply and climate-change adaptation) that may remove barriers to implementation. Our set of ideal principles for stream protection is intended as a guide for innovators who seek to develop new approaches to stormwater management rather than accept seemingly insurmountable historical constraints, which guarantee future, ongoing degradation. C1 [Walsh, Christopher J.; Burns, Matthew J.; Fletcher, Tim D.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Ecosyst & Forest Sci, 500 Yarra Blvd, Burnley, Vic 3121, Australia. [Booth, Derek B.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Hale, Rebecca L.] Univ Utah, Global Change & Sustainabil Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Hoang, Lan N.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Ctr Sustainable Dev, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England. [Livingston, Grant] Water Resources Engn, 233 Owens Hall, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [Rippy, Megan A.] Univ Calif Irvine, Henry Samueli Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Roy, Allison H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Scoggins, Mateo] City Austin, Watershed Protect Dept, 505 Barton Springs Rd, Austin, TX 78704 USA. [Wallace, Angela] Toronto & Reg Conservat Author, 5 Shoreham Dr, Toronto, ON M3N 1S4, Canada. RP Walsh, CJ; Burns, MJ; Fletcher, TD (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Ecosyst & Forest Sci, 500 Yarra Blvd, Burnley, Vic 3121, Australia.; Booth, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Hale, RL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Global Change & Sustainabil Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.; Hoang, LN (reprint author), Univ Cambridge, Dept Engn, Ctr Sustainable Dev, Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England.; Livingston, G (reprint author), Water Resources Engn, 233 Owens Hall, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.; Rippy, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Henry Samueli Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Irvine, CA 92697 USA.; Roy, AH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Scoggins, M (reprint author), City Austin, Watershed Protect Dept, 505 Barton Springs Rd, Austin, TX 78704 USA.; Wallace, A (reprint author), Toronto & Reg Conservat Author, 5 Shoreham Dr, Toronto, ON M3N 1S4, Canada. EM cwalsh@unimelb.edu.au; dbooth@bren.ucsb.edu; matthew.burns@unimelb.edu.au; timf@unimelb.edu.au; rebecca.l.hale@utah.edu; lnh04@cam.ac.uk; glivings@gmail.com; mrippy@uci.edu; aroy@eco.umass.edu; mateo.scoggins@austintexas.gov; awallace@trca.on.ca FU US National Science Foundation (NSF) [DEB 1427007]; NSF Partnerships for International Research and Education [OISE-1243543]; NSF [EPSCoR IIA 1208732]; UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/K013661/1]; Melbourne Water, through the Melbourne Waterway Research Practice Partnership; Australian Research Council Future Fellowship [FT10010044] FX This paper arose from a discussion session at the 3rd Symposium on Urbanization and Stream Ecology in Portland, Oregon, in May 2014, which was funded in part by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) award DEB 1427007. The authors acknowledge financial support from the NSF Partnerships for International Research and Education (OISE-1243543, MAR); NSF grant EPSCoR IIA 1208732 (RLH); the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council Grant EP/K013661/1 (LNH); Melbourne Water, through the Melbourne Waterway Research Practice Partnership (CJW, MJB, TDF); and Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT10010044, TDF). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 111 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 40 U2 103 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 398 EP 411 DI 10.1086/685284 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800031 ER PT J AU Booth, DB Roy, AH Smith, B Capps, KA AF Booth, Derek B. Roy, Allison H. Smith, Benjamin Capps, Krista A. TI Global perspectives on the urban stream syndrome SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE urban streams; development; regional; restoration; ecosystem ID CHANNEL EVOLUTION MODEL; RIVER RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; URBANIZATION; HYDROMODIFICATION; LANDSCAPES; MANAGEMENT; RETENTION; IMPACTS; ECOLOGY AB Urban streams commonly express degraded physical, chemical, and biological conditions that have been collectively termed the "urban stream syndrome". The description of the syndrome highlights the broad similarities among these streams relative to their less-impaired counterparts. Awareness of these commonalities has fostered rapid improvements in the management of urban stormwater for the protection of downstream watercourses, but the focus on the similarities among urban streams has obscured meaningful differences among them. Key drivers of stream responses to urbanization can vary greatly among climatological and physiographic regions of the globe, and the differences can be manifested in individual stream channels even through the homogenizing veneer of urban development. We provide examples of differences in natural hydrologic and geologic settings (within similar regions) that can result in different mechanisms of stream ecosystem response to urbanization and, as such, should lead to different management approaches. The idea that all urban streams can be cured using the same treatment is simplistic, but overemphasizing the tremendous differences among natural (or human-altered) systems also can paralyze management. Thoughtful integration of work that recognizes the commonalities of the urban stream syndrome across the globe has benefitted urban stream management. Now we call for a more nuanced understanding of the regional, subregional, and local attributes of any given urban stream and its watershed to advance the physical, chemical, and ecological recovery of these systems. C1 [Booth, Derek B.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Roy, Allison H.] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Smith, Benjamin] Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, Earth & Environm Dynam Res Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England. [Capps, Krista A.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Capps, Krista A.] Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Booth, DB (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Roy, AH (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Smith, B (reprint author), Kings Coll London, Dept Geog, Earth & Environm Dynam Res Grp, London WC2R 2LS, England.; Capps, KA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA.; Capps, KA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Savannah River Ecol Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dbooth@bren.ucsb.edu; aroy@eco.umass.edu; benjamin.smith@kcl.ac.uk; kcapps@uga.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1427007]; US Army Corps of Engineers [W912HZ-12-2-0016] FX We thank the collaborators and coauthors of the papers in this BRIDGES cluster and other colleagues who have contributed greatly to the ideas in this manuscript and more broadly to the study of urban streams. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation grant DEB 1427007 and by Cooperative Agreement W912HZ-12-2-0016 from the US Army Corps of Engineers to DBB. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 46 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 14 U2 40 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 2161-9549 EI 2161-9565 J9 FRESHW SCI JI Freshw. Sci. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 35 IS 1 BP 412 EP 420 DI 10.1086/684940 PG 9 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE9XS UT WOS:000370993800032 ER PT J AU Hurwitz, S Clor, LE McCleskey, RB Nordstrom, DK Hunt, AG Evans, WC AF Hurwitz, Shaul Clor, Laura E. McCleskey, R. Blaine Nordstrom, D. Kirk Hunt, Andrew G. Evans, William C. TI Dissolved gases in hydrothermal (phreatic) and geyser eruptions at Yellowstone National Park, USA SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOW-PRESSURE; WATER; SYSTEM; THERMODYNAMICS; GEOCHEMISTRY; TEMPERATURE; SOLUBILITY; DYNAMICS; SPRINGS AB Multiphase and multicomponent fluid flow in the shallow continental crust plays a significant role in a variety of processes over a broad range of temperatures and pressures. The presence of dissolved gases in aqueous fluids reduces the liquid stability field toward lower temperatures and enhances the explosivity potential with respect to pure water. Therefore, in areas where magma is actively degassing into a hydrothermal system, gas-rich aqueous fluids can exert a major control on geothermal energy production, can be propellants in hazardous hydrothermal (phreatic) eruptions, and can modulate the dynamics of geyser eruptions. We collected pressurized samples of thermal water that preserved dissolved gases in conjunction with precise temperature measurements with depth in research well Y-7 (maximum depth of 70.1 m; casing to 31 m) and five thermal pools (maximum depth of 11.3 m) in the Upper Geyser Basin of Yellowstone National Park, USA. Based on the dissolved gas concentrations, we demonstrate that CO2 mainly derived from magma and N-2 from air-saturated meteoric water reduce the near-surface saturation temperature, consistent with some previous observations in geyser conduits. Thermodynamic calculations suggest that the dissolved CO2 and N-2 modulate the dynamics of geyser eruptions and are likely triggers of hydrothermal eruptions when recharged into shallow reservoirs at high concentrations. Therefore, monitoring changes in gas emission rate and composition in areas with neutral and alkaline chlorine thermal features could provide important information on the natural resources (geysers) and hazards (eruptions) in these areas. C1 [Hurwitz, Shaul; Clor, Laura E.; Evans, William C.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [McCleskey, R. Blaine; Nordstrom, D. Kirk] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Hunt, Andrew G.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Hurwitz, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. FU U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program FX We thank David Roth and Jeff Cullen for help with field work, and the Research permit office at Yellowstone National Park for assistance with field planning and logistics. We thank Jake Lowenstern and three anonymous journal reviewers for comments and suggestions, and Cathy Ryan and Bethany Ladd for discussions. This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 6 U2 16 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD MAR PY 2016 VL 44 IS 3 BP 235 EP 238 DI 10.1130/G37478.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA DE9CW UT WOS:000370934000018 ER PT J AU Voss, C AF Voss, Clifford TI Editor's Message: The 2015 Editors' Choice articles SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material DE Editorial; Hydrogeology Journal; Editors' Choice C1 [Voss, Clifford] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 496, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Voss, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 496, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM cvoss@usgs.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 EI 1435-0157 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 24 IS 2 BP 267 EP 268 DI 10.1007/s10040-016-1372-4 PG 2 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DF1FB UT WOS:000371083400001 ER PT J AU Hassane, AB Leduc, C Favreau, G Bekins, BA Margueron, T AF Hassane, Aissata B. Leduc, Christian Favreau, Guillaume Bekins, Barbara A. Margueron, Thomas TI Impacts of a large Sahelian city on groundwater hydrodynamics and quality: example of Niamey (Niger) SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Urban groundwater; Seasonal recharge; Contamination; Sahel; Niger ID WATER-TABLE; HAPEX-SAHEL; SOUTHWESTERN NIGER; NITRATE POLLUTION; SUBURBAN AREA; RECHARGE; AQUIFER; URBAN; CHEMISTRY; DROUGHT AB The management of groundwater resources is very important in the semiarid Sahel region, which is experiencing rapid urban development. Impacts of urbanization on groundwater resources were investigated in the unconfined aquifer of the Continental Terminal beneath the city of Niamey, Niger, using water level and chemical data. Hydrodynamic and chemical changes are best described by a combination of factors including the historical development of the city, current land use, water-table depth and topography. Seasonal groundwater recharge occurs with high spatial variability, as indicated by water-level monitoring in all wells, but there was no interannual trend over the 5-year study period. Groundwater salinity shows high spatial variability and a minor rising trend. The highest salinity is in the old city centre, with Na-NO3 dominant, and it increases seasonally with recharge. Salinity is much lower and more variable in the suburbs (Ca-HCO3, Ca-NO3, and Na-NO3 dominant). Nitrate is the main ionic contaminant and is seasonally or permanently above the international guidelines for drinking water quality in 36 % of sampled wells, with a peak value of 112 mg L-1 NO3-N (8 meq L-1). Comparison of urban and rural sites indicates a long-term increase in groundwater recharge and nitrate enrichment in the urban area with serious implications for groundwater management in the region. C1 [Hassane, Aissata B.] Univ Abdou Moumouni, Dept Geol, BP 10662, Niamey, Niger. [Leduc, Christian] IRD, UMR G EAU, BP 64501, F-34394 Montpellier 5, France. [Hassane, Aissata B.; Favreau, Guillaume] Univ Montpellier, UMR Hydrosci, IRD, 163 Rue Auguste Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France. [Bekins, Barbara A.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Margueron, Thomas] Ctr Rech Med & Sanitaire CERMES, BP 10887, Niamey, Niger. RP Hassane, AB (reprint author), Univ Abdou Moumouni, Dept Geol, BP 10662, Niamey, Niger.; Hassane, AB (reprint author), Univ Montpellier, UMR Hydrosci, IRD, 163 Rue Auguste Broussonet, F-34090 Montpellier, France. EM aissa_hb@yahoo.fr RI LEDUC, Christian/J-8374-2016; Favreau, guillaume/A-7573-2008 OI LEDUC, Christian/0000-0002-8982-5812; Favreau, guillaume/0000-0001-7358-9301 FU Agence Francaise de Developpement (AFD); IRD FX The authors dedicate this paper to late Professor Francois Brissaud (Universite Montpellier 2, France). This study was supported by the Agence Francaise de Developpement (AFD) and IRD through, respectively, a research grant and a PhD fellowship to the first author. The authors thank the local residents for access to private wells, and their colleagues Abassa Alhassane, Abdoulaye Kone, Anne Laure Besnier, Maman Sani Babaye, Maimouna Ibrahim, and Sami Boube for their contribution to the field campaigns. Thorough comments of Gary P. Curtis (U.S. Geological Survey, USA), Pibgnina Bazie (AGRHYMET Regional Centre at Niamey, Niger) and Todd Jarvis (Oregon State University, USA) before submission, and later remarks of the associate editor, Matthew Currell, and the two anonymous reviewers significantly helped to improve the manuscript. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1431-2174 EI 1435-0157 J9 HYDROGEOL J JI Hydrogeol. J. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 24 IS 2 BP 407 EP 423 DI 10.1007/s10040-015-1345-z PG 17 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DF1FB UT WOS:000371083400012 ER PT J AU Peterman, ZE Neymark, LA King-Sharp, KJ Gascoyne, M AF Peterman, Zell E. Neymark, Leonid A. King-Sharp, K. J. Gascoyne, Mel TI Isotope hydrology of the Chalk River Laboratories site, Ontario, Canada SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Chalk River Laboratories; Groundwater; Porewater; Strontium isotopes; Uranium isotopes ID WATER-ROCK INTERACTION; CRYSTALLINE ROCKS; CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; NATURAL-WATERS; GROUND-WATER; HALF-LIVES; PORE-WATER; SHIELD; GEOCHEMISTRY; STRATIGRAPHY AB This paper presents results of hydrochemical and isotopic analyses of groundwater (fracture water) and porewater, and physical property and water content measurements of bedrock core at the Chalk River Laboratories (CRL) site in Ontario. Density and water contents were determined and water-loss porosity values were calculated for core samples. Average and standard deviations of density and water-loss porosity of 50 core samples from four boreholes are 2.73 +/- 12 g/cc and 1.32 +/- 1.24 percent. Respective median values are 2.68 and 0.83 indicating a positive skewness in the distributions. Groundwater samples from four deep boreholes were analyzed for strontium (Sr-87/Sr-86) and uranium (U-234/U-238) isotope ratios. Oxygen and hydrogen isotope analyses and selected solute concentrations determined by CRL are included for comparison. Groundwater from borehole CRG-1 in a zone between approximately +60 and -240 m elevation is relatively depleted in delta O-18 and delta H-2 perhaps reflecting a slug of water recharged during colder climatic conditions. Porewater was extracted from core samples by centrifugation and analyzed for major dissolved ions and for strontium and uranium isotopes. On average, the extracted water contains 15 times larger concentration of solutes than the groundwater. U-234/U-238 and correlation of Sr-87/Sr-86 with Rb/Sr values indicate that the porewater may be substantially older than the groundwater. Results of this study show that the Precambrian gneisses at Chalk River are similar in physical properties and hydrochemical aspects to crystalline rocks being considered for the construction of nuclear waste repositories in other regions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Peterman, Zell E.; Neymark, Leonid A.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [King-Sharp, K. J.] Canadian Nucl Labs, Chalk River, ON, Canada. [Gascoyne, Mel] Gascoyne GeoProjects Inc, Pinawa, MB, Canada. RP Peterman, ZE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM pezell1001@msn.com FU USGS by Natural Resources Canada Ltd. through Gascoyne Geoprojects Inc. [CMTAA122191] FX This study was possible because of the careful analytical work at the U.S. Geological Survey laboratories in Denver, Colorado, by Kiyoto Futa, Loretta Kwak, Thomas Oliver, and Kevin Scofield. We are indebted to these people for their contributions. Shaun Frape and journal reviewers Bill Wallin and H.N. Waber provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Funding for this work was provided to USGS by Natural Resources Canada Ltd. through Gascoyne Geoprojects Inc. under Technical Assistance Agreement CMTAA122191. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 66 BP 149 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.12.004 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DD6WX UT WOS:000370066400011 ER PT J AU Stapanian, MA Schumacher, W Gara, B Adams, JV Viau, N AF Stapanian, Martin A. Schumacher, William Gara, Brian Adams, Jean V. Viau, Nick TI Moss and vascular plant indices in Ohio wetlands have similar environmental predictors SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Akaike's Information Criterion; Wetlands; Mosses; Vascular plants; Index of biological integrity ID SPECIES-RICHNESS; VEGETATION INDEX; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; DISTURBANCE; BRYOPHYTES; DOMINANCE; COMMUNITY; STREAMS; METRICS; NORWAY AB Mosses and vascular plants have been shown to be reliable indicators of wetland habitat delineation and environmental quality. Knowledge of the best ecological predictors of the quality of wetland moss and vascular plant communities may determine if similar management practices would simultaneously enhance both populations. We used Akaike's Information Criterion to identify models predicting a moss quality assessment index (MQAI) and a vascular plant index of biological integrity based on floristic quality (VIBI-FQ) from 27 emergent and 13 forested wetlands in Ohio, USA. The set of predictors included the six metrics from a wetlands disturbance index (ORAM) and two landscape development intensity indices (LDIs). The best single predictor of MQAI and one of the predictors of VIBI-FQ was an ORAM metric that assesses habitat alteration and disturbance within the wetland, such as mowing, grazing, and agricultural practices. However, the best single predictor of VIBI-FQ was an ORAM metric that assessed wetland vascular plant communities, interspersion, and microtopography. LDIs better predicted MQAI than VIBI-FQ suggesting that mosses may either respond more rapidly to, or recover more slowly from, anthropogenic disturbance in the surrounding landscape than vascular plants. These results supported previous predictive studies on amphibian indices and metrics and a separate vegetation index, indicating that similar wetland management practices may result in qualitatively the same ecological response for three vastly different wetland biological communities (amphibians, vascular plants, and mosses). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Schumacher, William; Gara, Brian; Viau, Nick] Ohio Environm Protect Agcy, 4675 Homer Ohio Lane, Groveport, OH 43125 USA. [Adams, Jean V.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Stapanian, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM mstapanian@usgs.gov OI Stapanian, Martin/0000-0001-8173-4273 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 62 BP 138 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.11.036 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE2JW UT WOS:000370454600013 ER PT J AU Iverson, RM George, DL AF Iverson, R. M. George, D. L. TI Modelling landslide liquefaction, mobility bifurcation and the dynamics of the 2014 Oso disaster SO GEOTECHNIQUE LA English DT Article DE dynamics; landslides; liquefaction; numerical modelling; pore pressure ID DEBRIS FLOWS; 3-DIMENSIONAL TERRAIN; LABORATORY FLOWSLIDES; MOTION; TOPOGRAPHY; AVALANCHES; MASS AB Some landslides move slowly or intermittently downslope, but others liquefy during the early stages of motion, leading to runaway acceleration and high-speed runout across low-relief terrain. Mechanisms responsible for this disparate behaviour are represented in a two-phase, depth-integrated, landslide dynamics model that melds principles from soil mechanics, granular mechanics and fluid mechanics. The model assumes that gradually increasing pore-water pressure causes slope failure to nucleate at the weakest point on a basal slip surface in a statically balanced mass. Failure then spreads to adjacent regions as a result of momentum exchange. Liquefaction is contingent on pore-pressure feedback that depends on the initial soil state. The importance of this feedback is illustrated by using the model to study the dynamics of a disastrous landslide that occurred near Oso, Washington, USA, on 22 March 2014. Alternative simulations of the event reveal the pronounced effects of a landslide mobility bifurcation that occurs if the initial void ratio of water-saturated soil equals the lithostatic, critical-state void ratio. They also show that the tendency for bifurcation increases as the soil permeability decreases. The bifurcation implies that it can be difficult to discriminate conditions that favour slow landsliding from those that favour liquefaction and long runout. C1 [Iverson, R. M.; George, D. L.] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA USA. RP Iverson, RM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA USA. NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 34 PU ICE PUBLISHING PI WESTMINISTER PA INST CIVIL ENGINEERS, 1 GREAT GEORGE ST, WESTMINISTER SW 1P 3AA, ENGLAND SN 0016-8505 EI 1751-7656 J9 GEOTECHNIQUE JI Geotechnique PD MAR PY 2016 VL 66 IS 3 BP 175 EP 187 DI 10.1680/jgeot.15.LM.004 PG 13 WC Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA DD9LQ UT WOS:000370247500002 ER PT J AU Bateman, BL Pidgeon, AM Radeloff, VC VanDerWal, J Thogmartin, WE Vavrus, SJ Heglund, PJ AF Bateman, Brooke L. Pidgeon, Anna M. Radeloff, Volker C. VanDerWal, Jeremy Thogmartin, Wayne E. Vavrus, Stephen J. Heglund, Patricia J. TI The pace of past climate change vs. potential bird distributions and land use in the United States SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic land use; climate change; distribution shifts; Maxent; North American breeding landbirds; species distribution model; species richness ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; NORTH-AMERICAN BIRDS; RANGE SHIFTS; CONSERVATION BIOGEOGRAPHY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; HOUSING DEVELOPMENT; BIOTIC INTERACTIONS; ENVELOPE MODELS; CHANGE IMPACTS; HABITAT AB Climate change may drastically alter patterns of species distributions and richness, but predicting future species patterns in occurrence is challenging. Significant shifts in distributions have already been observed, and understanding these recent changes can improve our understanding of potential future changes. We assessed how past climate change affected potential breeding distributions for landbird species in the conterminous United States. We quantified the bioclimatic velocity of potential breeding distributions, that is, the pace and direction of change for each species' suitable climate space over the past 60years. We found that potential breeding distributions for landbirds have shifted substantially with an average velocity of 1.27kmyr(-1), about double the pace of prior distribution shift estimates across terrestrial systems globally (0.61kmyr(-1)). The direction of shifts was not uniform. The majority of species' distributions shifted west, northwest, and north. Multidirectional shifts suggest that changes in climate conditions beyond mean temperature were influencing distributional changes. Indeed, precipitation variables that were proxies for extreme conditions were important variables across all models. There were winners and losers in terms of the area of distributions; many species experienced contractions along west and east distribution edges, and expansions along northern distribution edges. Changes were also reflected in the potential species richness, with some regions potentially gaining species (Midwest, East) and other areas potentially losing species (Southwest). However, the degree to which changes in potential breeding distributions are manifested in actual species richness depends on landcover. Areas that have become increasingly suitable for breeding birds due to changing climate are often those attractive to humans for agriculture and development. This suggests that many areas might have supported more breeding bird species had the landscape not been altered. Our study illustrates that climate change is not only a future threat, but something birds are already experiencing. C1 [Bateman, Brooke L.; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [VanDerWal, Jeremy] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Trop Biol, Ctr Trop Biodivers & Climate Change Res, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [VanDerWal, Jeremy] James Cook Univ, Div Res & Innovat, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA. [Vavrus, Stephen J.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climate Res, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Heglund, Patricia J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. RP Bateman, BL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM brooke.bateman@gmail.com RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008 OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279 FU NASA Biodiversity Program; Climate and Biological Response [NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM]; James Cook University High Performance Computing (HPC) Unit FX We gratefully acknowledge support for our research by the NASA Biodiversity Program and the Climate and Biological Response funding opportunity (NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM) and the James Cook University High Performance Computing (HPC) Unit. Additionally, we thank T. Robertson and the Global Biodiversity and Information Facility (GBIF) for assistance with obtaining bird occurrence data, the numerous contributors of published occurrence data to GBIF and to the many collectors of BBS data. We thank E. Wood, A. Allstadt, J. Gorzo, and P. Culbert for general assistance and discussions. Three anonymous reviewers provided valuable feedback, which greatly improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names are for descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the US government. The views expressed in this article are the authors' own and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 79 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 19 U2 53 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 22 IS 3 BP 1130 EP 1144 DI 10.1111/gcb.13154 PG 15 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DE2XN UT WOS:000370491400015 PM 26691721 ER PT J AU Sutherland, C Munoz, DJ Miller, DAW Grant, EHC AF Sutherland, Chris Munoz, David J. Miller, David A. W. Grant, Evan H. Campbell TI Spatial Capture-Recapture: A Promising Method for Analyzing Data Collected Using Artificial Cover Objects SO HERPETOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Abundance; Amphibian; Cover boards; Density; Detection; Home range; Plethodon cinereus; New York; Red-Backed Salamanders; Spatially explicit capture-recapture ID TERRESTRIAL SALAMANDERS; PLETHODON-CINEREUS; AMPHIBIAN DECLINES; DENSITY-ESTIMATION; POPULATIONS; FOREST; MODELS; ABUNDANCE; ECOLOGY; BIOMASS AB Spatial capture-recapture (SCR) is a relatively recent development in ecological statistics that provides a spatial context for estimating abundance and space use patterns, and improves inference about absolute population density. SCR has been applied to individual encounter data collected noninvasively using methods such as camera traps, hair snares, and scat surveys. Despite the widespread use of capture-based surveys to monitor amphibians and reptiles, there are few applications of SCR in the herpetological literature. We demonstrate the utility of the application of SCR for studies of reptiles and amphibians by analyzing capture-recapture data from Red-Backed Salamanders, Plethodon cinereus, collected using artificial cover boards. Using SCR to analyze spatial encounter histories of marked individuals, we found evidence that density differed little among four sites within the same forest (on average, 1.59 salamanders/m(2)) and that salamander detection probability peaked in early October (Julian day 278) reflecting expected surface activity patterns of the species. The spatial scale of detectability, a measure of space use, indicates that the home range size for this population of Red-Backed Salamanders in autumn was 16.89 m(2). Surveying reptiles and amphibians using artificial cover boards regularly generates spatial encounter history data of known individuals, which can readily be analyzed using SCR methods, providing estimates of absolute density and inference about the spatial scale of habitat use. C1 [Sutherland, Chris] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Munoz, David J.; Miller, David A. W.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16827 USA. [Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, Turners Falls, MA 01360 USA. RP Sutherland, C (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM csutherland@umass.edu RI Miller, David/E-4492-2012 NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 43 PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE PI EMPORIA PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST, EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA SN 0018-0831 EI 1938-5099 J9 HERPETOLOGICA JI Herpetologica PD MAR PY 2016 VL 72 IS 1 BP 6 EP 12 PG 7 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DE7FH UT WOS:000370800300002 ER PT J AU Grimstead, DN Reynolds, AC Hudson, AM Akins, NJ Betancourt, JL AF Grimstead, Deanna N. Reynolds, Amanda C. Hudson, Adam M. Akins, Nancy J. Betancourt, Julio L. TI Reduced Population Variance in Strontium Isotope Ratios Informs Domesticated Turkey Use at Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, USA SO JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL METHOD AND THEORY LA English DT Article DE Domestication; Turkey; Home range; Strontium isotopes; Sourcing; Southwestern US; Chaco Canyon ID DESERT MULE DEER; GUNNISONS PRAIRIE DOG; NORTHERN NEW-MEXICO; HOME-RANGE; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; WILD TURKEYS; HOLOCENE; COLORADO; HABITAT; MAIZE AB Traditionally, strontium isotopes (Sr-87/Sr-86) have been used as a sourcing tool in numerous archaeological artifact classes. The research presented here demonstrates that Sr-87/Sr-86(bioapatite) ratios also can be used at a population level to investigate the presence of domesticated animals and methods of management. The proposed methodology combines ecology, isotope geochemistry, and behavioral ecology to assess the presence and nature of turkey (Meleagris gallopavo) domestication. This case study utilizes Sr-87/Sr-86(bioapatite) ratios from teeth and bones of archaeological turkey, deer (Odocoileus sp.), lagomorph (Lepus sp. and Sylvilagus sp.), and prairie dog (Cynomys sp.) from Chaco Canyon, NM, USA (ca. A.D. 800-1250). Wild deer and turkey from the southwestern USA have much larger home ranges and dispersal behaviors (measured in kilometers) when compared to lagomorphs and prairie dogs (measured in meters). Hunted deer and wild turkey from archaeological contexts at Chaco Canyon are expected to have a higher variance in their Sr-87/Sr-86(bioapatite) ratios, when compared to small range taxa (lagomorphs and prairie dogs). Contrary to this expectation, Sr-87/Sr-86(bioapatite) values of turkey bones from Chacoan assemblages have a much lower variance than deer and are similar to that of smaller mammals. The sampled turkey values show variability most similar to lagomorphs and prairie dogs, suggesting the turkeys from Chaco Canyon were consuming a uniform diet and/or were constrained within a limited home range, indicating at least proto-domestication. The population approach has wide applicability for evaluating the presence and nature of domestication when combined with paleoecology and behavioral ecology in a variety of animals and environments. C1 [Grimstead, Deanna N.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Smith Lab 4034, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Reynolds, Amanda C.] Conoco Phillips, POB 2197, Houston, TX 77025 USA. [Hudson, Adam M.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Gould Simpson Bldg,1040 East 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Akins, Nancy J.] Ctr New Mexico Archaeol, 7 Old Cohitit Rd, Santa Fe, NM 87507 USA. [Betancourt, Julio L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Water Miss Area, 12201 Sunrise Valley, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Grimstead, DN (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Smith Lab 4034, 174 W 18th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM grimstead.1@osu.edu OI Hudson, Adam/0000-0002-3387-9838 FU Jacob K. Javits Fellowship; NSF IGERT in Archaeological Science; International Society of the P.E.O.; William G. McGinnis Arid Lands Scholarship; Joe Ben Wheat Research Award; Fred Plog Memorial Fellowship FX We thank Larry Benson, W. Wills, John Driver, Wendy Bustard, and the Museum of Southwestern Biology and the NPS Chaco Museum Collection for samples or data used in our paper. We also thank Scott P. Lehrich, Senior Regional Biologist for the National Wild Turkey Federation, for providing access to GIS data for modern turkey distributions and Selin Nugent for capturing the video of the Azerbaijani tethered turkey. Funding was provided by the Jacob K. Javits Fellowship, NSF IGERT in Archaeological Science, the International Society of the P.E.O., William G. McGinnis Arid Lands Scholarship, Joe Ben Wheat Research Award, and the Fred Plog Memorial Fellowship. NR 116 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1072-5369 EI 1573-7764 J9 J ARCHAEOL METHOD TH JI J. Archaeol. Method Theory PD MAR PY 2016 VL 23 IS 1 BP 127 EP 149 DI 10.1007/s10816-014-9228-5 PG 23 WC Anthropology; Archaeology SC Anthropology; Archaeology GA DD8FS UT WOS:000370161600004 ER PT J AU Edwards, T Vaughn, M Rosen, PC Torres, CM Karl, AE Culver, M Murphy, RW AF Edwards, Taylor Vaughn, Mercy Rosen, Philip C. Melendez Torres, Cristina Karl, Alice E. Culver, Melanie Murphy, Robert W. TI Shaping species with ephemeral boundaries: the distribution and genetic structure of desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) in the Sonoran Desert region SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE cline; ecotone; hybrid zone; Morafka's desert tortoise; mosaic model; North America; speciation; Testudinidae ID HYBRID ZONES; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; DNA POLYMORPHISM; TENSION ZONE; SPECIATION; HISTORY; MITOCHONDRIAL; SOFTWARE; INTROGRESSION; HYBRIDIZATION AB AimWe examine the role biogeographical features played in the evolution of Morafka's desert tortoise (Gopherus morafkai) and test the hypothesis that G.morafkai maintains genetically distinct lineages associated with different Sonoran Desert biomes. Increased knowledge of the past and present distribution of the Sonoran Desert region's biota provides insight into the forces that drive and maintain its biodiversity. LocationSonoran Desert biogeographical region; Sonora and Sinaloa, Mexico and Arizona, USA. MethodsWe examined wild tortoises from Mexico (n=155) and Arizona (n=78), spanning their known distribution. We used mtDNA sequences to reconstruct matrilineal relationships and 25 microsatellite (STR) loci for Bayesian analyses of gene flow. We performed clinal analyses on both mtDNA and STR loci to determine the position and amount of introgression where lineages co-occur. We used GIS to assess the association of genetic structuring with ecological features. We used these data in a hypothesis-driven approach to assess different models of how genetic diversity is maintained and distributed in G.morafkai. ResultsGopherus morafkai was found to comprise genetically and geographically distinct Sonoran' and Sinaloan' lineages. Both lineages occurred in a relatively narrow zone of overlap in Sinaloan thornscrub, where it transitions into Sonoran desertscrub. Limited introgression occurred at the contact zone. The best-fit model suggests that these lineages diverged in parapatry where the distribution of genotypes is environment-dependent and introgression is inhibited by exogenous selection. Main conclusionsThe historically shifting ecotone between tropical deciduous forest and Sonoran desertscrub appears to be a boundary that fostered divergence between parapatric lineages of tortoises. The sharp genetic cline between the two lineages suggests that periods of isolation in temporary refugia due to Pleistocene climatic cycling influenced divergence. Despite incomplete reproductive isolation, the Sonoran and Sinaloan lineages of G.morafkai are on separate evolutionary trajectories. C1 [Edwards, Taylor; Rosen, Philip C.; Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Edwards, Taylor] Univ Arizona, Genet Core, 1657 E Helen St,Room 111, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Vaughn, Mercy] Sundance Biol Inc, Paso Robles, CA 93446 USA. [Melendez Torres, Cristina] Comisi Ecol & Desarrollo Sustentable Estado Sonor, Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. [Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Murphy, Robert W.] Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, ON M5S 2C6, Canada. RP Edwards, T (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Genet Core, 1657 E Helen St,Room 111, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM taylore@email.arizona.edu FU Royal Ontario Museum Foundation; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [3148]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Science Support Program (SSP); Tucson Herpetological Society; Desert Tortoise Council; Arizona Game and Fish Department; University of Florida; University of Arizona Genetics Core; U.S. Geological Survey FX We obtained Mexican samples through a multinational, collaborative effort including Comision de Ecologia y Desarrollo Sustentable del Estado de Sonora (CEDES) and F.R. Mendez de la Cruz, Instituto de Biologia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). Permits for Mexican samples were facilitated by Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (SEMARNAT). The collection of samples was only made possible by a dedicated field crew of over 50 volunteers over the 8 year period. Special thanks go to K. Berry, S. Boland, Y. Leon, M. Figueroa, L. Smith and P. Woodman. Access to almost all of the collection sites in Mexico were made possible through the generosity of local land owners and we are extremely grateful for the assistance of ranch hands (vaqueros) who shared their local knowledge with us in the field. C. Jones, D. Grandmaison, and the Arizona Game and Fish Department granted permission to use the comparative data from Arizona samples. E. Gracia and two anonymous referees contributed helpful suggestions for improving this manuscript. Primary funding for this project came from private donors, the Royal Ontario Museum Foundation, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery Grant 3148, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Science Support Program (SSP). Additional funding and support was received from The Tucson Herpetological Society, Desert Tortoise Council, Arizona Game and Fish Department, University of Florida, University of Arizona Genetics Core, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 43 IS 3 BP 484 EP 497 DI 10.1111/jbi.12664 PG 14 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DE2IL UT WOS:000370450900006 ER PT J AU Gray, BR Lyubchich, V Gel, YR Rogala, JT Robertson, DM Wei, XQ AF Gray, Brian R. Lyubchich, Vyacheslav Gel, Yulia R. Rogala, James T. Robertson, Dale M. Wei, Xiaoqiao TI Estimation of river and stream temperature trends under haphazard sampling SO STATISTICAL METHODS AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Confounding; Linear regression; Multilevelmodel; River temperature; Nonparametric bootstrap ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; REGRESSION-MODELS; INFORMATION; ECOSYSTEMS; BOOTSTRAP; NETWORKS; HABITAT AB Long-term temporal trends in water temperature in rivers and streams are typically estimated under the assumption of evenly-spaced space-time measurements. However, sampling times and dates associated with historical water temperature datasets and some sampling designs may be haphazard. As a result, trends in temperature may be confounded with trends in time or space of sampling which, in turn, may yield biased trend estimators and thus unreliable conclusions. We address this concern using multilevel (hierarchical) linear models, where time effects are allowed to vary randomly by day and date effects by year. We evaluate the proposed approach by Monte Carlo simulations with imbalance, sparse data and confounding by trend in time and date of sampling. Simulation results indicate unbiased trend estimators while results from a case study of temperature data from the Illinois River, USA conform to river thermal assumptions. We also propose a new nonparametric bootstrap inference on multilevel models that allows for a relatively flexible and distribution-free quantification of uncertainties. The proposed multilevel modeling approach may be elaborated to accommodate nonlinearities within days and years when sampling times or dates typically span temperature extremes. C1 [Gray, Brian R.; Rogala, James T.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Lyubchich, Vyacheslav] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Chesapeake Biol Lab, POB 38, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Gel, Yulia R.] Univ Texas Dallas, Dept Math Sci, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Robertson, Dale M.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Wei, Xiaoqiao] 3M Co, St Paul, MN 55144 USA. RP Gray, BR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM brgray@usgs.gov RI Lyubchich, Vyacheslav/M-9516-2016; OI Robertson, Dale/0000-0001-6799-0596; Gray, Brian/0000-0001-7682-9550 FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration Program Long Term Resource Monitoring element; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX This study was partly funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Upper Mississippi River Restoration Program Long Term Resource Monitoring element. The research of Yulia R. Gel was supported in part by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. We thank Bruce Webb for helpful discussions. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2510 EI 1613-981X J9 STAT METHOD APPL-GER JI Stat. Method. Appl. PD MAR PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 89 EP 105 DI 10.1007/s10260-015-0334-7 PG 17 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA DE1HK UT WOS:000370377600007 ER PT J AU Ankney, ME Shirey, SB Hart, GL Bacon, CR Johnson, CM AF Ankney, Meagan E. Shirey, Steven B. Hart, Garret L. Bacon, Charles R. Johnson, Clark M. TI Os and U-Th isotope signatures of arc magmatism near Mount Mazama, Crater Lake, Oregon SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Mount Mazama; Crater Lake; Cascade arc; crustal assimilation; Os isotopes; U-Th isotopes ID KERMADEC ISLAND-ARC; CONTINENTAL-CRUST; TRACE-ELEMENT; TIME SCALES; U-238-TH-230 DISEQUILIBRIA; FRACTIONAL CRYSTALLIZATION; ERUPTIVE HISTORY; VOLCANIC-CENTER; SILICIC MAGMAS; CALC-ALKALINE AB Interaction of mantle melts with the continental crust can have significant effects on the composition of the resulting melts as well as on the crust itself, and tracing this interaction is key to our understanding of arc magmatism. Lava flows and pyroclastic deposits erupted from similar to 50 to 7.7 ka at Mt. Mazama (Crater Lake, Oregon) were analyzed for their Re/Os and U-Th isotopic compositions. Mafic lavas from monogenetic vents around Mt. Mazama that erupted during the buildup to its climactic eruption have lower Os-187/Os-188 ratios (0.1394 to 0.1956) and high Th-230 excess ((Th-230/U-238)(0) of 1.180 to 1.302), whereas dacites and rhyodacites tend to have higher Os-187/Os-188 ratios (0.2292 to 0.2788) and significant U-238 excess ((Th-230/U-238)(0) of 0.975 to 0.989). The less radiogenic Os isotope compositions of the mafic lavas can be modeled by assimilation of young (similar to 2.5 to 7 Ma), mafic lower crust that was modified during regional extension, whereas the more radiogenic Os isotope compositions of the dacites and rhyodacites can be attributed to assimilation of older (similar to 10 to 16 Ma), mid to upper crust that acquired its composition during an earlier period of Cascade magmatism. Production of Th excesses in the lower crust requires very young garnet formation accompanying dehydration melting in the lower crust at less than a few 100 ka by heat from recent basaltic magma injection. The results from this study suggest that the combination of Os and Th isotopes may be used to provide insights into the timescales of evolution of the continental crust in arc settings, as well as the influence of the crust on erupted magmas, and suggest a link between the age and composition of the lower and upper crust to regional tectonic extension and/or earlier Cascade magmatism. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ankney, Meagan E.; Johnson, Clark M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Shirey, Steven B.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, 5241 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Hart, Garret L.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, POB 999, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Bacon, Charles R.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Ankney, ME (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Geosci, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM mankney@uakron.edu FU NSF [1144937]; NSF Graduate Research Fellowship program [DGE-0718123] FX Osmium isotope data were collected at the Department of Terrestrial Magnetism at the Carnegie Institution of Washington. We would like to thank Mary Horan for her guidance on Os isotope laboratory procedures and Tim Mock for assistance with N-TIMS. We also acknowledge Brian Jicha, Nathan Andersen, and Erin Birsic for their assistance with separating minerals for Re-Os isotope analysis. U-Th isotope analyses were acquired at the Radiogenic Isotope Lab at the University of Wisconsin-Madison with the help of Brian Beard, Allison Wende, and Nathan Andersen. Curtis and Kathryn Bosket also deserve thanks for assistance with fieldwork to collect samples analyzed in this study. Comments on a draft manuscript by Mark Stelten and Earth and Planetary Science Letters reviews by two anonymous reviewers, as well as additional comments by Tamsin Mather, improved both the quality and clarity of this manuscript. Finally, we thank Crater Lake National Park for allowing us to collect samples for this study. Funding for this project was provided by NSF Grant No. 1144937, as well as the NSF Graduate Research Fellowship program under Grant No. DGE-0718123. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 437 BP 25 EP 34 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.001 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DD7GG UT WOS:000370091100004 ER PT J AU Ganju, NK Brush, MJ Rashleigh, B Aretxabaleta, AL del Barrio, P Grear, JS Harris, LA Lake, SJ McCardell, G O'Donnell, J Ralston, DK Signell, RP Testa, JM Vaudrey, JMP AF Ganju, Neil K. Brush, Mark J. Rashleigh, Brenda Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L. del Barrio, Pilar Grear, Jason S. Harris, Lora A. Lake, Samuel J. McCardell, Grant O'Donnell, James Ralston, David K. Signell, Richard P. Testa, Jeremy M. Vaudrey, Jamie M. P. TI Progress and Challenges in Coupled Hydrodynamic-Ecological Estuarine Modeling SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Review DE Numerical modeling; Hydrodynamics; Ecological modeling; Ecosystem modeling; Skill assessment ID WATER-QUALITY MODELS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; GOVERNING PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; PHYSICAL-BIOLOGICAL MODEL; MARINE ECOSYSTEM MODELS; PARTICLE TRACKING MODEL; PARTIALLY MIXED ESTUARY; NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; CHESAPEAKE BAY; SKILL ASSESSMENT AB Numerical modeling has emerged over the last several decades as a widely accepted tool for investigations in environmental sciences. In estuarine research, hydrodynamic and ecological models have moved along parallel tracks with regard to complexity, refinement, computational power, and incorporation of uncertainty. Coupled hydrodynamic-ecological models have been used to assess ecosystem processes and interactions, simulate future scenarios, and evaluate remedial actions in response to eutrophication, habitat loss, and freshwater diversion. The need to couple hydrodynamic and ecological models to address research and management questions is clear because dynamic feedbacks between biotic and physical processes are critical interactions within ecosystems. In this review, we present historical and modern perspectives on estuarine hydrodynamic and ecological modeling, consider model limitations, and address aspects of model linkage, skill assessment, and complexity. We discuss the balance between spatial and temporal resolution and present examples using different spatiotemporal scales. Finally, we recommend future lines of inquiry, approaches to balance complexity and uncertainty, and model transparency and utility. It is idealistic to think we can pursue a "theory of everything" for estuarine models, but recent advances suggest that models for both scientific investigations and management applications will continue to improve in terms of realism, precision, and accuracy. C1 [Ganju, Neil K.; Aretxabaleta, Alfredo L.; Signell, Richard P.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Brush, Mark J.; Lake, Samuel J.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Rashleigh, Brenda; Grear, Jason S.] US EPA, Narragansett, RI USA. [del Barrio, Pilar] IH Cantabria, Santander, Spain. [Harris, Lora A.; Testa, Jeremy M.] Univ Maryland, Chesapeake Biol Lab, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [McCardell, Grant; O'Donnell, James; Vaudrey, Jamie M. P.] Univ Connecticut, Groton, CT USA. [Ralston, David K.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Ganju, NK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. EM nganju@usgs.gov OI Aretxabaleta, Alfredo/0000-0002-9914-8018; Signell, Richard/0000-0003-0682-9613; Ganju, Neil/0000-0002-1096-0465 FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program; NSF [OCE-1314642]; NIEHS [1P50-ES021923-01]; NOAA NOS NCCOS [NA05NOS4781201, NA11NOS4780043]; Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program-Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program [RC-1413, RC-2245]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency FX This review was developed during a modeling workshop convened at the U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center, in September 2013. We thank Lisa Lucas and two anonymous reviewers for their input. NKG, ALA, and RPS acknowledge support from the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program. DKR gratefully acknowledges support from NSF (OCE-1314642) and NIEHS (1P50-ES021923-01). MJB and JMPV gratefully acknowledge support from NOAA NOS NCCOS (NA05NOS4781201 and NA11NOS4780043). MJB and SJL gratefully acknowledge support from the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program-Defense Coastal/Estuarine Research Program (RC-1413 and RC-2245). Views, opinions, and/or findings contained in this report are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official U.S. Department of Defense position or decision unless so designated by other official documentation. Although the research described in this article has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency review. Therefore, it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 218 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 12 U2 38 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAR PY 2016 VL 39 IS 2 BP 311 EP 332 DI 10.1007/s12237-015-0011-y PG 22 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DC9GA UT WOS:000369527900002 PM 27721675 ER PT J AU Elsey-Quirk, T Adamowicz, SC AF Elsey-Quirk, Tracy Adamowicz, Susan C. TI Influence of Physical Manipulations on Short-Term Salt Marsh Morphodynamics: Examples from the North and Mid-Atlantic Coast, USA SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE Mosquito ditches; OMWM; Sedimentation; Accretion; Hydrology; Plum Island Sound; Barnegat Bay ID HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENTS; WETLAND SEDIMENT ELEVATION; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; SURFACE ELEVATION; WATER MANAGEMENT; TIDAL MARSH; DOMINATED ESTUARY; RIVER ESTUARY; NEW-YORK; ENGLAND AB Along the mid- and north Atlantic coasts of the USA, over 90 % of salt marshes have been ditched. Ditching was largely abandoned by the mid-twentieth century; however, techniques that create permanent shallow water pools for mosquito control and bird habitat are increasingly being applied to marshes of the USA and elsewhere. Salt marshes in Plum Island Sound, Massachusetts, and Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, were used to examine differences between areas that have been ditched and those altered to increase the density of shallow pools in water table dynamics, salinity, soil and porewater chemistry, as well as short-term sedimentation, accretion, and elevation change rates. We found that the area with plugged ditches, berms, and pools in Plum Island had less drainage, higher salinity and porewater sulfide and ammonium concentrations, and higher soil organic matter than the adjacent ditched area. Despite averaging 8 cm lower in elevation, the Plum Island ditched area had less sediment deposition and was composed of higher elevation plant species than the area with plugged ditches, berms, and shallow pools. Elevation increased in the ditched area at a rate of 3.2 +/- A 0.5 mm/year, but elevation change was variable in the area with pools. In Barnegat Bay, the marsh area with pools and ditches had less sediment deposition and surface accretion than the ditch-only area, associated, in part, with the higher elevation. An average elevation difference of 4.5 cm was associated with a sixfold difference in mineral sediment deposition. Temporal sediment deposition and surface accretion was important in the ditch-only area but was absent or muted in the area with numerous pools. Elevation increased in both marsh areas at an average rate of 1.8 +/- A 0.8 mm/year, less than half the long-term average local rate of sea-level rise. Our results illustrate how physical manipulations including changes to tidal hydrology and surface topography interact with elevation to influence short-term biophysical feedbacks. C1 [Elsey-Quirk, Tracy] Drexel Univ, Dept Biodivers Earth & Environm Sci, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Adamowicz, Susan C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, 321 Port Rd, Wells, ME 04090 USA. [Elsey-Quirk, Tracy] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 3173 Energy,Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Elsey-Quirk, T (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Biodivers Earth & Environm Sci, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.; Elsey-Quirk, T (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 3173 Energy,Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM tquirk@lsu.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service through the Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit FX This research was funded by the US Fish and Wildlife Service through the Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). We would like to thank D. Cahoon and J. Lynch who provided advice, insight, and assistance on the experimental design for surface elevation tables and marker horizons. V. Turner at Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), NJ, and S. Janson at Parker River NWR, MA, collected long-term SET data. Y. Laskaris of USFWS Region 5 Salt Marsh LMRD program compiled and helped analyzed the long-term SET data. Refuge managers, V. Rettig at Forsythe and N. Pau at Parker River, provided help and cooperation. We would like to thank M. Brannin who provided expertise in surveying and GIS, V. Unger, L. Zaoudeh, M. Shafer, W. Whalon, A. Tarbous, P. Zelanko, and W.T. Quirk for the field and lab assistance. L. Perez provided time-series GIS analyses of water area. P. Zelanko and P. Kiry conducted chemical analyses. B. Frezel cut PVC wells for probes and helped in the field. W.T. Quirk fabricated sediment plates, boardwalks, and a marsh cart. M. Leck and R. DeLaune graciously edited and improved the paper. Two anonymous reviewers provided helpful commentary and suggestions. NR 75 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAR PY 2016 VL 39 IS 2 BP 423 EP 439 DI 10.1007/s12237-015-0013-9 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DC9GA UT WOS:000369527900009 ER PT J AU Elsey-Quirk, T Adamowicz, SC AF Elsey-Quirk, Tracy Adamowicz, Susan C. TI Influence of Physical Manipulations on Short-Term Salt Marsh Morphodynamics: Examples from the North and Mid-Atlantic Coast, USA (vol 39, pg 423, 2016) SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Correction C1 [Elsey-Quirk, Tracy] Drexel Univ, Dept Biodivers Earth & Environm Sci, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA. [Adamowicz, Susan C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Rachel Carson Natl Wildlife Refuge, 321 Port Rd, Wells, ME 04090 USA. [Elsey-Quirk, Tracy] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 3173 Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Elsey-Quirk, T (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Biodivers Earth & Environm Sci, 1900 Benjamin Franklin Pkwy, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.; Elsey-Quirk, T (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 3173 Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM tquirk@lsu.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 EI 1559-2731 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD MAR PY 2016 VL 39 IS 2 BP 589 EP 590 DI 10.1007/s12237-015-0022-8 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DC9GA UT WOS:000369527900021 ER PT J AU Poulin, BA Aiken, GR Nagy, KL Manceau, A Krabbenhoft, DP Ryan, JN AF Poulin, Brett A. Aiken, George R. Nagy, Kathryn L. Manceau, Alain Krabbenhoft, David P. Ryan, Joseph N. TI Mercury transformation and release differs with depth and time in a contaminated riparian soil during simulated flooding SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-MATTER; GEOBACTER-SULFURREDUCENS PCA; AQUATIC HUMIC SUBSTANCES; SULFIDE NANOPARTICLES; BOREAL FOREST; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; SELECTIVE EXTRACTIONS; ENHANCED DISSOLUTION; ANOXIC ENVIRONMENTS; FLORIDA EVERGLADES AB Riparian soils are an important environment in the transport of mercury in rivers and wetlands, but the biogeochemical factors controlling mercury dynamics under transient redox conditions in these soils are not well understood. Mercury release and transformations in the O-a and underlying A horizons of a contaminated riparian soil were characterized in microcosms and an intact soil core under saturation conditions. Pore water dynamics of total mercury (Hg-T), methylmercury (MeHg), and dissolved gaseous mercury (Hg-(aq)(0)) along with selected anions, major elements, and trace metals were characterized across redox transitions during 36 d of flooding in microcosms. Next, HgT dynamics were characterized over successive flooding (17 d), drying (28 d), and flooding (36 d) periods in the intact core. The observed mercury dynamics exhibit depth and temporal variability. At the onset of flooding in microcosms (1-3 d), mercury in the Oa horizon soil, present as a combination of ionic mercury (Hg(II)) bound to thiol groups in the soil organic matter (SOM) and nanoparticulate metacinnabar (beta-HgS), was mobilized with organic matter of high molecular weight. Subsequently, under anoxic conditions, pore water HgT declined coincident with sulfate (3-11 d) and the proportion of nanoparticulate beta-HgS in the Oa horizon soil increased slightly. Redox oscillations in the intact Oa horizon soil exhausted the mobile mercury pool associated with organic matter. In contrast, mercury in the A horizon soil, present predominantly as nanoparticulate beta-HgS, was mobilized primarily as Hg-(aq)(0) under strongly reducing conditions (5-18 d). The concentration of Hg-(aq)(0) under dark reducing conditions correlated positively with byproducts of dissimilatory metal reduction (Sigma(Fe,Mn)). Mercury dynamics in intact A horizon soil were consistent over two periods of flooding, indicating that nanoparticulate beta-HgS was an accessible pool of mobile mercury over recurrent reducing conditions. The concentration of MeHg increased with flooding time in both the Oa and A horizon pore waters. Temporal changes in pore water constituents (iron, manganese, sulfate, inorganic carbon, headspace methane) all implicate microbial control of redox transitions. The mobilization of mercury in multiple forms, including HgT associated with organic matter, MeHg, and Hg-(aq)(0), to pore waters during periodic soil flooding may contribute to mercury releases to adjacent surface waters and the recycling of the legacy mercury to the atmosphere. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Poulin, Brett A.; Ryan, Joseph N.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, UCB 607, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Poulin, Brett A.; Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,STE 127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Nagy, Kathryn L.] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, MC-186,845 West Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Manceau, Alain] Univ Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, ISTerre, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Poulin, BA (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, UCB 607, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.; Poulin, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,STE 127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM brett.poulin@colorado.edu FU Department of Energy Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program [DE-5C0001730, DE-5C0001766, DE-5C0001783]; U.S. Geological Survey National Research and Toxics Substances Hydrology Programs; EcoX Equipex project [ANR-10-EQPX-27-01] FX We acknowledge B. Kamark, A. Blum, and J. DeWild (U.S. Geological Survey) for assistance with the analysis of ions, mineralogical composition, and methylmercury and dissolved gaseous mercury, respectively. We also acknowledge S. Brooks (Oak Ridge National Laboratory) and C. Miller (Troy University) for assistance with sample site selection. We thank P. Glatzel and M. Rovezzi (European Synchrotron Radiation Facility) for their support during data collection on beamline ID26. We thank M. Brigham (U.S. Geological Survey) and three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments on the manuscript. Support was provided by the Department of Energy Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (Grants DE-5C0001730, DE-5C0001766, and DE-5C0001783), the U.S. Geological Survey National Research and Toxics Substances Hydrology Programs, and the EcoX Equipex project (Grant ANR-10-EQPX-27-01). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 106 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 15 U2 53 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD MAR 1 PY 2016 VL 176 BP 118 EP 138 DI 10.1016/j.gea.2015.12.024 PG 21 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DD6PP UT WOS:000370046400007 ER PT J AU Chang, Y Zhu, ZL Feng, YT Li, YH Bu, RC Hu, YM AF Chang, Yu Zhu, Zhiliang Feng, Yuting Li, Yuehui Bu, Rencang Hu, Yuanman TI The spatial variation in forest burn severity in Heilongjiang Province, China SO NATURAL HAZARDS LA English DT Article DE Forest fire; Burn severity; Remote sensing; NBR; CBI; NDVI; dNBR; rdNBR; DCCA ID PONDEROSA PINE FOREST; FIRE SEVERITY; LANDSAT TM; WESTERN CANADA; BOREAL FOREST; VEGETATION RECOVERY; WILDFIRE SEVERITY; SPECTRAL INDEXES; WILDLAND FIRES; SIERRA-NEVADA AB Quantitative assessment of forest burn severity and determination of its spatial variation are important for post-fire forest restoration and forest fire management. In this paper, we assessed forest burn severity using pre- and post-fire Landsat TM/ETM+ data and field-surveyed data and explored the spatial variation in burn severity and its influencing factors. Our results showed a relatively strong linear relationship between normalized burn ratio (NBR) and composite burn index (CBI) (R (2) = 0.63), suggesting that NBR was the best spectral index and could be used to assess forest burn severity in Heilongjiang Province. The forest burn severity showed obvious spatial variation. The majority of heavily burned areas were distributed within elevation greater than 800 m, with slope between 5A degrees and 15A degrees, with eastern and southern slopes, and in conifers. In addition, the forest burn severity also demonstrated a north-to-south gradient. The Great Xing'an Mountains located in the north of Heilongjiang Province tended to be burned with high severity, while the Small Xing'an Mountains located in the central part with lower severity. Topographic factors (elevation, slope, aspect) and daily mean humidity had determinative influences on forest burn severities. C1 [Chang, Yu; Feng, Yuting; Li, Yuehui; Bu, Rencang; Hu, Yuanman] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China. [Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Chang, Y (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Appl Ecol, State Key Lab Forest & Soil Ecol, Shenyang 110164, Peoples R China. EM changyu@iae.ac.cn; zzhu@usgs.gov; fengyuting3344@163.com; liyh@iae.ac.cn; burc@iae.ac.cn; huym@iae.ac.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31470516, 41271201]; Strategic Priority Research Program-Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Related Issues of the Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDA05050201] FX This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31470516 and 41271201) and the Strategic Priority Research Program-Climate Change: Carbon Budget and Related Issues of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Grant No. XDA05050201). We Thank the China Meteorological Data Sharing Service System (http://cdc.cma.gov.cn/) for providing the observational meteorological data. The DEM data were provided by Geospatial Data Cloud, Computer Network Information Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences (http://www.gscloud.cn/), and our thanks are also given to the anonymous reviewers for very helpful suggestions to improve the manuscript. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 21 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0921-030X EI 1573-0840 J9 NAT HAZARDS JI Nat. Hazards PD MAR PY 2016 VL 81 IS 2 BP 981 EP 1001 DI 10.1007/s11069-015-2116-9 PG 21 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources GA DD6XT UT WOS:000370068700015 ER PT J AU Bullen, T Chadwick, O AF Bullen, Thomas Chadwick, Oliver TI Ca, Sr and Ba stable isotopes reveal the fate of soil nutrients along a tropical climosequence in Hawaii SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Calcium isotopes; Strontium isotopes; Barium isotopes; Nutrient biolifting; Soil climosequence; Soil exchangeable fraction; Andisols ID STRONTIUM ISOTOPE; CALCIUM ISOTOPES; KOHALA VOLCANO; SANTA-CRUZ; FRACTIONATION; BARIUM; PLANTS; CYCLE; CONSTRAINTS; CLIMATE AB Nutrient biolifting is an important pedogenic process in which plant roots obtain inorganic nutrients such as phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) from minerals at depth and concentrate those nutrients at the surface. Here we use soil chemistry and stable isotopes of the alkaline earth elements Ca, strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba) to test the hypothesis that biolifting of P has been an important pedogenic process across a soil climosequence developed on volcanic deposits at Kohala Mountain, Hawaii. The geochemical linkage between these elements is revealed as generally positive site-specific relationships in soil mass gains and losses, particularly for P, Ba and Ca, using the ratio of immobile elements titanium and niobium (Ti/Nb) to link individual soil samples to a restricted compositional range of the chemically and isotopically diverse volcanic parent materials. At sites where P is enriched in surface soils relative to abundances in deeper soils, the isotope compositions of exchangeable Ca, Sr and Ba in the shallowest soil horizons (< 10 cm depth) are lighter than those of the volcanic parent materials and trend toward those of plants growing on fresh volcanic deposits. In contrast the isotope composition of exchangeable Ba in deeper soil horizons (>10 cm depth) at those sites is consistently heavier than the volcanic parent materials. The isotope compositions of exchangeable Ca and Sr trend toward heavier compositions with depth more gradually, reflecting increasing leakiness from these soils in the order Ba < Sr 1000 mu m), the median lengths, widths, and length/width ratios of these classes ranged between 22 and 38 m, 7-11 m, and 2.5-3.3, respectively. The AVIRIS data were further aggregated to 30-m (Landsat resolution) and 300-m (MERIS resolution) spatial bins to determine the fractional oil coverage in each bin. Overall, if 50% fractional pixel coverage were to be required to detect oil with thickness greater than sheen for most oil containing pixels, a 30-m resolution sensor would be needed. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sun, Shaojie; Hu, Chuanmin; Feng, Lian] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 Seventh Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Swayze, Gregg A.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Holmes, Jamie] ABT Associates Inc, 1881 Ninth St,Suite 201, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Graettinger, George] NOAA, Ocean Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [MacDonald, Ian; Garcia, Oscar] Florida State Univ, Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci Dept, 117 N Woodward Ave, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Leifer, Ira] BRI, 5910 Matthews St, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. RP Sun, SJ; Hu, CM (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 Seventh Ave South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM huc@ust.edu OI Sun, Shaojie/0000-0002-4802-295X; Leifer, Ira/0000-0002-4674-5775 FU NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program [NNX13AD08G]; BP/Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative through C-IMAGE [SA 15-16]; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) [M12PC00003] FX This work was supported by the NASA Ocean Biology and Biogeochemistry Program (Grant NNX13AD08G), the BP/Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative through C-IMAGE [SA 15-16], and support from the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM, contract M12PC00003). We thank the European Space Agency and NASA for providing MERIS and MODIS data, and thank the NASA JPL and U.S. Geological Survey for providing AVIRIS and Landsat data. We also thank the two anonymous reviewers for their useful comments. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 11 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0025-326X EI 1879-3363 J9 MAR POLLUT BULL JI Mar. Pollut. Bull. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 103 IS 1-2 BP 276 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2015.12.003 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DJ4RQ UT WOS:000374195800042 PM 26725867 ER PT J AU Jackson, WA Davila, AF Sears, D Coates, JD McKay, CP Brundrett, M Estrada, N Bohlke, JK AF Jackson, W. Andrew Davila, Alfonso F. Sears, Derek Coates, John D. McKay, Christopher P. Brundrett, Maeghan Estrada, Nubia Boehlke, J. K. TI Widespread occurrence of (per)chlorate in the Solar System (vol 430, pg 470, 2015) SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Correction C1 [Jackson, W. Andrew; Brundrett, Maeghan; Estrada, Nubia] Texas Tech Univ, Civil & Environm Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Davila, Alfonso F.] Carl Sagan Ctr, SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Davila, Alfonso F.; Sears, Derek; McKay, Christopher P.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Space Sci & Astrobiol Div, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Coates, John D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Plant & Microbial Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, 431 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Sears, Derek] Ames Res Ctr, Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. RP Jackson, WA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Civil & Environm Engn, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM andrew.jackson@ttu.edu RI Jackson, William/B-8999-2009 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 436 BP 142 EP 143 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.031 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DD1KO UT WOS:000369680800014 ER PT J AU Grubbs, RD Carlson, JK Romine, JG Curtis, TH McElroy, WD McCandless, CT Cotton, CF Musick, JA AF Grubbs, R. Dean Carlson, John K. Romine, Jason G. Curtis, Tobey H. McElroy, W. David McCandless, Camilla T. Cotton, Charles F. Musick, John A. TI Critical assessment and ramifications of a purported marine trophic cascade SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID ARGOPECTEN-IRRADIANS-CONCENTRICUS; LOWER CHESAPEAKE BAY; GULF-OF-MEXICO; RHINOPTERA-BONASUS; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; COWNOSE RAY; FOOD-HABITS; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; RECRUITMENT LIMITATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS AB When identifying potential trophic cascades, it is important to clearly establish the trophic linkages between predators and prey with respect to temporal abundance, demographics, distribution, and diet. In the northwest Atlantic Ocean, the depletion of large coastal sharks was thought to trigger a trophic cascade whereby predation release resulted in increased cownose ray abundance, which then caused increased predation on and subsequent collapse of commercial bivalve stocks. These claims were used to justify the development of a predator-control fishery for cownose rays, the "Save the Bay, Eat a Ray" fishery, to reduce predation on commercial bivalves. A reexamination of data suggests declines in large coastal sharks did not coincide with purported rapid increases in cownose ray abundance. Likewise, the increase in cownose ray abundance did not coincide with declines in commercial bivalves. The lack of temporal correlations coupled with published diet data suggest the purported trophic cascade is lacking the empirical linkages required of a trophic cascade. Furthermore, the life history parameters of cownose rays suggest they have low reproductive potential and their populations are incapable of rapid increases. Hypothesized trophic cascades should be closely scrutinized as spurious conclusions may negatively influence conservation and management decisions. C1 [Grubbs, R. Dean; Cotton, Charles F.] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, St Teresa, FL 32358 USA. [Carlson, John K.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Panama City, FL 32408 USA. [Romine, Jason G.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Cook, WA 98605 USA. [Curtis, Tobey H.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Greater Atlantic Reg Fisheries Off, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA. [McElroy, W. David] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [McCandless, Camilla T.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA. [Musick, John A.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 32062 USA. RP Carlson, JK (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Southeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 3500 Delwood Beach Rd, Panama City, FL 32408 USA. EM john.carlson@noaa.gov NR 71 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 20 U2 98 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 20970 DI 10.1038/srep20970 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DD6SX UT WOS:000370055800001 PM 26876514 ER PT J AU Smith, DS Fettig, SM Bowker, MA AF Smith, David Solance Fettig, Stephen M. Bowker, Matthew A. TI Elevated Rocky Mountain elk numbers prevent positive effects of fire on quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) recruitment SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Herbivory; Introduced species; Mega-fire; Regeneration; Ungulate ID MEGA-FIRES; WOLF REINTRODUCTION; NORTH-AMERICA; YELLOWSTONE; ECOSYSTEM; COMMUNITIES; FORESTS; STANDS; RESTORATION; LANDSCAPE AB Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides) is the most widespread tree species in North America and has supported a unique ecosystem for tens of thousands of years, yet is currently threatened by dramatic loss and possible local extinctions. While multiple factors such as climate change and fire suppression are thought to contribute to aspen's decline, increased browsing by elk (Cervus elaphus), which have experienced dramatic population increases in the last similar to 80 years, may severely inhibit aspen growth and regeneration. Fires are known to favor aspen recovery, but in the last several decades the spatial scale and intensity of wildfires has greatly increased, with poorly understood ramifications for aspen growth. Here, focusing on the 2000 Cerro Grande fire in central New Mexico - one of the earliest fires described as a "mega-fire" - we use three methods to examine the impact of elk browsing on aspen regeneration after a mega-fire. First, we use an exclosure experiment to show that aspen growing in the absence of elk were 3x taller than trees growing in the presence of elk. Further, aspen that were both protected from elk and experienced burning were 8.5 x taller than unburned trees growing in the presence of elk, suggesting that the combination of release from herbivores and stimulation from fire creates the largest aspen growth rates. Second, using surveys at the landscape level, we found a correlation between elk browsing intensity and aspen height, such that where elk browsing was highest, aspen were shortest. This relationship between elk browsing intensity and aspen height was stronger in burned (r = -0.53) compared to unburned (r = -0.24) areas. Third, in conjunction with the landscape-level surveys, we identified possible natural refugia, microsites containing downed logs, shrubs etc. that may inhibit elk browsing by physically blocking aspen from elk or by impeding elk's ability to move through the forest patch. We did not find any consistent patterns between refuge elements and aspen size or canopy cover suggesting that natural refugia are not aiding in aspen recruitment and that all young aspen were susceptible to browsing. In much of their normal range, aspen are not growing to large size classes, which threatens the future of this iconic species and calls into question the ability of ecosystems to recover from mega-fires. Our results highlight the importance of considering multiple interacting factors (i.e. fire and increased elk browsing) when considering aspen management and regeneration. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Smith, David Solance] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Fettig, Stephen M.] Natl Pk Serv, Bandelier Natl Monument, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. [Bowker, Matthew A.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Bowker, Matthew A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. Denison Univ, Dept Biol, Granville, OH 43023 USA. RP Smith, DS (reprint author), Denison Univ, Dept Biol, POB 810, Granville, OH 43023 USA. EM smithd@denison.edu FU U.S. National Park Service Southern Colorado Plateau Inventory and Monitoring Network FX The U.S. National Park Service Southern Colorado Plateau Inventory and Monitoring Network provided funding. We appreciate the assistance and comments by Lisa Thomas, Cathy Schwemm, Craig Allen, Brian Jacobs, Barbara Judy, Laura Trader, Rebecca Oertel, Lucia Monroy Solance, Diego Monroy Solance and two anonymous reviewers,which greatly improved the manuscript. Use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 38 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 362 BP 46 EP 54 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.020 PG 9 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DC9QS UT WOS:000369556700006 ER PT J AU Faison, EK DeStefano, S Foster, DR Plotkin, AB AF Faison, Edward K. DeStefano, Stephen Foster, David R. Plotkin, Audrey Barker TI Functional response of ungulate browsers in disturbed eastern hemlock forests SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Functional response; Hemlock woolly adelgid; Moose; Top down; Ungulates; White-tailed deer ID ISLE ROYALE; BALSAM FIR; MOOSE; REGENERATION; HERBIVORY; MODEL; REEXAMINATION; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; SEEDLINGS AB Ungulate browsing in predator depleted North American landscapes is believed to be causing widespread tree recruitment failures. However, canopy disturbances and variations in ungulate densities are sources of heterogeneity that can buffer ecosystems against herbivory. Relatively little is known about the functional response (the rate of consumption in relation to food availability) of ungulates in eastern temperate forests, and therefore how "top down" control of vegetation may vary with disturbance type, intensity, and timing. This knowledge gap is relevant in the Northeastern United States today with the recent arrival of hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA; Adelges tsugae) that is killing eastern hemlocks (Tsuga canadensis) and initiating salvage logging as a management response. We used an existing experiment in central New England begun in 2005, which simulated severe adelgid infestation and intensive logging of intact hemlock forest, to examine the functional response of combined moose (Alces americanus) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) foraging in two different time periods after disturbance (3 and 7 years). We predicted that browsing impacts would be linear or accelerating (Type I or Type III response) in year 3 when regenerating stem densities were relatively low and decelerating (Type II response) in year 7 when stem densities increased. We sampled and compared woody regeneration and browsing among logged and simulated insect attack treatments and two intact controls (hemlock and hardwood forest) in 2008 and again in 2012. We then used AIC model selection to compare the three major functional response models (Types I, II, and III) of ungulate browsing in relation to forage density. We also examined relative use of the different stand types by comparing pellet group density and remote camera images. In 2008, total and proportional browse consumption increased with stem density, and peaked in logged plots, revealing a Type I response. In 2012, stem densities were greatest in girdled plots, but proportional browse consumption was highest at intermediate stem densities in logged plots, exhibiting a Type III (rather than a Type II) functional response. Our results revealed shifting top-down control by herbivores at different stages of stand recovery after disturbance and in different understory conditions resulting from logging vs. simulated adelgid attack. If forest managers wish to promote tree regeneration in hemlock stands that is more resistant to ungulate browsers, leaving HWA-infested stands unmanaged may be a better option than preemptively logging them. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Faison, Edward K.] Highstead, POB 1097, Redding, CT 06875 USA. [DeStefano, Stephen] Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res, US Geol Survey, 160 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Foster, David R.; Plotkin, Audrey Barker] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, 324 North Main St, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. RP Faison, EK (reprint author), Highstead, POB 1097, Redding, CT 06875 USA. EM efaison@highstead.net FU NSF [DEB 1237491, DEB 0620443]; Highstead Foundation FX We thank field assistants Andrew Moe, Bernard Kuszewski, Cassandra Rivas, and Jhessye Moore-Thomas for field data collection and to Mark Van Scoy and Liza Nicoll for maintaining the remote cameras. We are also grateful to Aaron Ellison for collaborating on this project and for providing helpful, comments on an earlier manuscript including data analysis. Special thanks also to Todd Fuller and Oswald Schmitz for reviewing and providing helpful comments on an earlier draft of this paper. Dave Wattles also provided helpful statistical assistance. This project was funded by NSF grant # DEB 1237491: HFR LTER V: New Science, Synthesis, Scholarship, and Strategic Vision for Society; NSF grant # DEB 0620443: LTER IV: Integrated Studies of the Drivers, Dynamics, and Consequences of Landscape Change in New England; the Highstead Foundation. Additional support was provided by the Highstead Foundation and the U.S. Geological Survey, Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, and Massachusetts Department of Conservation and Recreation. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 14 U2 42 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 362 BP 177 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.12.006 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DC9QS UT WOS:000369556700018 ER PT J AU Colucci, S Battaglia, M Trigila, R AF Colucci, Simone Battaglia, Maurizio Trigila, Raffaello TI A thermodynamical model for the surface tension of silicate melts in contact with H2O gas SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article ID SUPERCRITICAL CARBON-DIOXIDE; HOMOGENEOUS BUBBLE NUCLEATION; TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENCE; INTERFACIAL PROPERTIES; RHYOLITIC MELT; PURE FLUIDS; MAGMAS; POLYSTYRENE; PRESSURE; DECOMPRESSION AB Surface tension plays an important role in the nucleation of H2O gas bubbles in magmatic melts and in the time-dependent rheology of bubble-bearing magmas. Despite several experimental studies, a physics based model of the surface tension of magmatic melts in contact with H2O is lacking. This paper employs gradient theory to develop a thermodynamical model of equilibrium surface tension of silicate melts in contact with H2O gas at low to moderate pressures. In the last decades, this approach has been successfully applied in studies of industrial mixtures but never to magmatic systems. We calibrate and verify the model against literature experimental data, obtained by the pendant drop method, and by inverting bubble nucleation experiments using the Classical Nucleation Theory (CNT). Our model reproduces the systematic decrease in surface tension with increased H2O pressure observed in the experiments. On the other hand, the effect of temperature is confirmed by the experiments only at high pressure. At atmospheric pressure, the model shows a decrease of surface tension with temperature. This is in contrast with a number of experimental observations and could be related to microstructural effects that cannot be reproduced by our model. Finally, our analysis indicates that the surface tension measured inverting the CNT may be lower than the value measured by the pendant drop method, most likely because of changes in surface tension controlled by the supersaturation. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Colucci, Simone] INGV, Sez Pisa, Via Faggiola 32, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Battaglia, Maurizio; Trigila, Raffaello] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Piazzale A Moro 5, I-00185 Rome, Italy. [Battaglia, Maurizio] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Colucci, S (reprint author), INGV, Sez Pisa, Via Faggiola 32, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. EM simone.colucci@ingv.it OI colucci, simone/0000-0003-0580-5775 NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0016-7037 EI 1872-9533 J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta PD FEB 15 PY 2016 VL 175 BP 113 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.gca.2015.10.037 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DC2TR UT WOS:000369070000008 ER PT J AU Juang, CH Carranza-Torres, C Crosta, G Dong, JJ Gokceoglu, C Jibson, RW Shakoor, A Tang, HM van Asch, TWJ Wasowski, J AF Juang, Charng Hsein Carranza-Torres, Carlos Crosta, Giovanni Dong, Jia-Jyun Gokceoglu, Candan Jibson, Randall W. Shakoor, Abdul Tang, Huiming van Asch, Theo W. J. Wasowski, Janusz TI Engineering geology - A fifty year perspective SO ENGINEERING GEOLOGY LA English DT Article C1 [Juang, Charng Hsein] Clemson Univ, Dept Civil Engn, 214 Lowry Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Carranza-Torres, Carlos] Univ Minnesota, Dept Civil Engn, Swenson Civil Engn 260, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Crosta, Giovanni] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Milan, Italy. [Dong, Jia-Jyun] Natl Cent Univ, Grad Inst Appl Geol, Taoyuan, Taiwan. [Gokceoglu, Candan] Hacettepe Univ, Dept Geol Engn, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey. [Jibson, Randall W.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Shakoor, Abdul] Kent State Univ, Dept Geol, Kent, OH 44242 USA. [Tang, Huiming] China Univ Geosci, Fac Engn, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China. [van Asch, Theo W. J.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, POB 80115, NL-3508 TC Utrecht, Netherlands. [Wasowski, Janusz] CNR, Inst Geohydrol Protect, Via Amendola 122 1, I-70126 Bari, Italy. RP Juang, CH (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Civil Engn, 214 Lowry Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RI Dong, Jia-Jyun/H-1896-2011 OI Dong, Jia-Jyun/0000-0003-4287-7719 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0013-7952 EI 1872-6917 J9 ENG GEOL JI Eng. Geol. PD FEB 9 PY 2016 VL 201 BP 67 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.12.020 PG 4 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA DC8HB UT WOS:000369459400006 ER PT J AU Jones, JA Cherry, JA McKee, KL AF Jones, Joshua A. Cherry, Julia A. McKee, Karen L. TI Species and tissue type regulate long-term decomposition of brackish marsh plants grown under elevated CO2 conditions SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Belowground; Decay rate; Mississippi River Delta; Schoenoplectus americanus; Spartina patens ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; ORGANIC-MATTER MINERALIZATION; SALT-MARSH; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; TIDAL MARSHES; SOIL CARBON; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; HURRICANE-KATRINA; COASTAL WETLANDS; ESTUARINE MARSH AB Organic matter accumulation, the net effect of plant production and decomposition, contributes to vertical soil accretion in coastal wetlands, thereby playing a key role in whether they keep pace with sea level rise. Any factor that affects decomposition may affect wetland accretion, including atmospheric CO2 concentrations. Higher CO2 can influence decomposition rates by altering plant tissue chemistry or by causing shifts in plant species composition or biomass partitioning. A combined greenhouse-field experiment examined how elevated CO2 affected plant tissue chemistry and subsequent decomposition of above- and belowground tissues of two common brackish marsh species, Schoenoplectus americanus (C-3) and Spartina patens (C-4). Both species were grown in monoculture and in mixture under ambient (350-385 mu L L-1) or elevated (ambient + 300 mu L L-1) atmospheric CO2 conditions, with all other growth conditions held constant, for one growing season. Above- and belowground tissues produced under these treatments were decomposed under ambient field conditions in a brackish marsh in the Mississippi River Delta, USA. Elevated CO2 significantly reduced nitrogen content of S. americanus, but not sufficiently to affect subsequent decomposition. Instead, long-term decomposition (percent mass remaining after 280 d) was controlled by species composition and tissue type. Shoots of S. patens had more mass remaining (41 +/- 2%) than those of S. americanus (12 +/- 2%). Belowground material decomposed more slowly than that placed aboveground (62 +/- 1% vs. 23 +/- 3% mass remaining), but rates belowground did not differ between species. Increases in atmospheric CO2 concentration will likely have a greater effect on overall decomposition in this brackish marsh community through shifts in species dominance or biomass allocation than through effects on tissue chemistry. Consequent changes in organic matter accumulation may alter marsh capacity to accommodate sea-level rise through vertical accretion. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Jones, Joshua A.; Cherry, Julia A.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Box 870206, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Cherry, Julia A.] Univ Alabama, New Coll, Box 870229, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [McKee, Karen L.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Jones, Joshua A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Jones, JA (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Box 870206, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA.; Jones, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM jajones11@crimson.ua.edu RI McKee, Karen/D-1365-2014 OI McKee, Karen/0000-0001-7042-670X FU Louisiana Sea Grant Program; USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program FX This study was funded in part by a grant from the Louisiana Sea Grant Program. We thank Patti Faulkner and Bent Lorenzen for technical assistance, and Ken Krauss and three anonymous reviewers for constructive comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 62 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD FEB 5 PY 2016 VL 169 BP 38 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.11.033 PG 8 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DE8KJ UT WOS:000370884600006 ER PT J AU Prouty, NG Campbell, PL Mienis, F Duineveld, G Demopoulos, AWJ Ross, SW Brooke, S AF Prouty, N. G. Campbell, P. L. Mienis, F. Duineveld, G. Demopoulos, A. W. J. Ross, S. W. Brooke, S. TI Impact of Deepwater Horizon spill on food supply to deep-sea benthos communities SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Deepwater Horizon spill; Deep-sea benthos; Sediment trap; Biomarkers; Gulf of Mexico; Biomass ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; SEDIMENTARY ORGANIC-MATTER; MISSISSIPPI RIVER PLUME; CARBON-ISOTOPE COMPOSITIONS; OIL-SPILL; LOPHELIA-PERTUSA; SURFACE SEDIMENTS; CORAL COMMUNITIES; COASTAL WATERS; VIOSCA KNOLL AB Deep-sea ecosystems encompass unique and often fragile communities that are sensitive to a variety of anthropogenic and natural impacts. After the 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, sampling efforts documented the acute impact of the spill on some deep-sea coral colonies. To investigate the impact of the DWH spill on quality and quantity of biomass delivered to the deep-sea, a suite of geochemical tracers (e.g., stable and radio-isotopes, lipid biomarkers, and compound-specific isotopes) was measured from monthly sediment trap samples deployed near a high-density deep-coral site in the Viosca Knoll area of the north-central Gulf of Mexico prior to (Oct-2008 to Sept-2009) and after the spill (Oct-10 to Sept-11). Marine (e.g., autochthonous) sources of organic matter (OM) dominated the sediment traps in both years, however after the spill, there was a pronounced reduction in marine-sourced OM, including a reduction in marine-sourced sterols and n-alkanes and a concomitant decrease in sediment trap organic carbon and pigment flux. Results from this study indicate a reduction in primary production and carbon export to the deep-sea in 2010-2011, at least 6-18 months after the spill started. Whereas satellite observations indicate an initial increase in phytoplankton biomass, results from this sediment trap study define a reduction in primary production and carbon export to the deep-sea community. In addition, a dilution from a low-C-14 carbon source (e.g., petro-carbon) was detected in the sediment trap samples after the spill, in conjunction with a change in the petrogenic composition. The data presented here fills a critical gap in our knowledge of biogeochemical processes and sub-acute impacts to the deep-sea that ensued after the 2010 DWH spill. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Prouty, N. G.; Campbell, P. L.] US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Mienis, F.; Duineveld, G.] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, POB 59, NL-1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, Netherlands. [Demopoulos, A. W. J.] US Geol Survey, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Ross, S. W.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Marine Sci, 5600 Marvin Moss Ln, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA. [Brooke, S.] Florida State Univ, St Teresa, FL 32358 USA. RP Prouty, NG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM nprouty@usgs.gov FU USGS Terrestrial, Marine, and Freshwater Environments-Outer Continental Shelf Ecosystem Program; USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program; USGS; Greenpeace International FX The USGS Terrestrial, Marine, and Freshwater Environments-Outer Continental Shelf Ecosystem Program and USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program supported this work. We thank A. Lam (USGS) for lipid extraction, C. Yarnes (UC Davis) for CSIA, A. Davies (Bangor University) for hydrographic data, C. Hu (USF) for satellite data, B. Harlow (WSU) for sulfur isotope analyses, T. Guilderson (LLNL) for radiocarbon analyses, and T. Lorenson (USGS) for HCA and C. German (WHOI), U. Passow (UCSB), K. Daly (USF), and J. Chanton (FSU) for helpful discussion. USGS funded ship time for the first lander deployment and retrieval, and Greenpeace International funded the second lander deployment; USGS supported retrieval of the second lander. We thank M. Rhode (UNC-Wilmington) and G. Brewer (USGS) for assistance with many aspects of this project and comments from J. Richey and B. Thomas (USGS) and two anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 108 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 14 U2 39 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0272-7714 EI 1096-0015 J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. PD FEB 5 PY 2016 VL 169 BP 248 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2015.11.008 PG 17 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA DE8KJ UT WOS:000370884600025 ER PT J AU Stoner, DC Sexton, JO Nagol, J Bernales, HH Edwards, TC AF Stoner, David C. Sexton, Joseph O. Nagol, Jyoteshwar Bernales, Heather H. Edwards, Thomas C., Jr. TI Ungulate Reproductive Parameters Track Satellite Observations of Plant Phenology across Latitude and Climatological Regimes SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MULE DEER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RED DEER; ROE DEER; HERBIVORE POPULATION; BIGHORN SHEEP; BODY-MASS; SYNCHRONY AB The effect of climatically-driven plant phenology on mammalian reproduction is one key to predicting species-specific demographic responses to climate change. Large ungulates face their greatest energetic demands from the later stages of pregnancy through weaning, and so in seasonal environments parturition dates should match periods of high primary productivity. Interannual variation in weather influences the quality and timing of forage availability, which can influence neonatal survival. Here, we evaluated macro-scale patterns in reproductive performance of a widely distributed ungulate (mule deer, Odocoileus hemionus) across contrasting climatological regimes using satellite-derived indices of primary productivity and plant phenology over eight degrees of latitude (890 km) in the American Southwest. The dataset comprised > 180,000 animal observations taken from 54 populations over eight years (2004-2011). Regionally, both the start and peak of growing season ("Start" and "Peak", respectively) are negatively and significantly correlated with latitude, an unusual pattern stemming from a change in the dominance of spring snowmelt in the north to the influence of the North American Monsoon in the south. Corresponding to the timing and variation in both the Start and Peak, mule deer reproduction was latest, lowest, and most variable at lower latitudes where plant phenology is timed to the onset of monsoonal moisture. Parturition dates closely tracked the growing season across space, lagging behind the Start and preceding the Peak by 27 and 23 days, respectively. Mean juvenile production increased, and variation decreased, with increasing latitude. Temporally, juvenile production was best predicted by primary productivity during summer, which encompassed late pregnancy, parturition, and early lactation. Our findings offer a parsimonious explanation of two key reproductive parameters in ungulate demography, timing of parturition and mean annual production, across latitude and changing climatological regimes. Practically, this demonstrates the potential for broad-scale modeling of couplings between climate, plant phenology, and animal populations using space-borne observations. C1 [Stoner, David C.; Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Sexton, Joseph O.; Nagol, Jyoteshwar] Univ Maryland, Global Landcover Facil, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bernales, Heather H.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Edwards, Thomas C., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Logan, UT USA. RP Stoner, DC (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM david.stoner@usu.edu FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Program [NNH10ZDA001N] FX Funding for this work was provided by National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Program, Grant no. NNH10ZDA001N. NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD FEB 5 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 2 AR e0148780 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0148780 PG 19 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DC9PR UT WOS:000369554000168 PM 26849642 ER PT J AU Kimball, BE Foster, AL Seal, RR Piatak, NM Webb, SM Hammarstrom, JM AF Kimball, Bryn E. Foster, Andrea L. Seal, Robert R., II Piatak, Nadine M. Webb, Samuel M. Hammarstrom, Jane M. TI Copper Speciation in Variably Toxic Sediments at the Ely Copper Mine, Vermont, United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; TAILINGS IMPOUNDMENT; CHALCOPYRITE CUFES2; DEGREES-C; WATER; DRAINAGE; METALS; SORPTION; GOETHITE; COMPLEX AB At the Ely Copper Mine Superfund site, Cu concentrations exceed background values in both streamwater (160-1200 times) and sediments (15-79 times). Previously, these sediment samples were incubated with laboratory test organisms, and they exhibited variable toxicity for different stream sites. In this study we combined bulk and microscale techniques to determine Cu speciation and distribution in these contaminated sediments on the basis of evidence from previous work that Cu was the most important stressor in this environment and that variable observed toxicity could have resulted from differences in Cu speciation. Copper speciation results were similar at microscopic and bulk scales. The major Cu species in the more toxic samples were sorbed or coprecipitated with secondary Mn (birnessite) and Fe minerals (jarosite and goethite), which together accounted for nearly 80% of the total Cu. The major Cu species in the less toxic samples were Cu sulfides (chalcopyrite and a covellite-like phase), making up about 80-95% of the total Cu, with minor amounts of Cu associated with jarosite or goethite. These Cu speciation results are consistent with the toxicity results, considering that Cu sorbed or coprecipitated with secondary phases at near-neutral pH is relatively less stable than Cu bound to sulfide at lower pH. The more toxic stream sediment sites were those that contained fewer detrital sulfides and were upstream of the major mine waste pile, suggesting that removal and consolidation of sulfide-bearing waste piles on site may not eliminate all sources of bioaccessible Cu. C1 [Kimball, Bryn E.; Seal, Robert R., II; Piatak, Nadine M.; Hammarstrom, Jane M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Foster, Andrea L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Webb, Samuel M.] Stanford Synchrotron Radiat Lightsource, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kimball, Bryn E.] Whitman Coll, Dept Geol, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Kimball, BE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM bryn.kimball@gmail.com RI Webb, Samuel/D-4778-2009 OI Webb, Samuel/0000-0003-1188-0464 FU Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL); U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-76SF00515] FX This study was supported by the Mineral Resources Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, and the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource (SSRL). Use of SSRL is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences under contract no. DE-AC02-76SF00515. The continued encouragement of Ed Hathaway (USEPA, Region 1) is greatly appreciated. We also thank Christopher Fuller and two anonymous reviewers for comments that greatly improved this manuscript. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 31 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1126 EP 1136 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04081 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8LO UT WOS:000369471300007 PM 26734712 ER PT J AU Cain, DJ Croteau, MN Fuller, CC Ringwood, AH AF Cain, Daniel J. Croteau, Marie-Noele Fuller, Christopher C. Ringwood, Amy H. TI Dietary Uptake of Cu Sorbed to Hydrous Iron Oxide is Linked to Cellular Toxicity and Feeding Inhibition in a Benthic Grazer SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER SNAIL; LYMNAEA-STAGNALIS; AQUATIC INVERTEBRATES; METAL BIOACCUMULATION; OXIDATIVE-STRESS; ISOTOPE TRACERS; IMPACTED RIVER; DAPHNIA-MAGNA; HEAVY-METALS; RESPONSES AB Whereas feeding inhibition caused by exposure to contaminants has been extensively documented, the underlying mechanism(s) are less well understood. For this. study, the behavior of several key feeding processes, including ingestion rate and assimilation efficiency, that affect the dietary uptake of Cu were evaluated in the benthic grazer Lymnaea stagnalis following 4 S h exposures to Cu adsorbed to synthetic hydrous ferric oxide (Cu-HFO). The particles were mixed with a cultured alga to create algal mats with Cu exposures spanning nearly 3 orders of magnitude at variable or constant Fe concentrations, thereby allowing first order and interactive effects of Cu and Fe to be evaluated. Results showed that Cu influx rates and ingestion rates decreased as Cu exposures of the algal mat mixture exceeded 104 nmol/g. Ingestion rate appeared to exert primary control on the Cu influx rate. Lysosomal destabilization rates increased directly with Cu influx rates. At the highest Cu exposure where the incidence of lysosomal membrane damage was greatest (51%), the ingestion rate was suppressed 80%. The findings suggested that feeding inhibition was a stress response emanating from excessive uptake of dietary Cu and cellular toxicity. C1 [Cain, Daniel J.; Croteau, Marie-Noele; Fuller, Christopher C.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Ringwood, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. RP Cain, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM djcain@usgs.gov OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074; Cain, Daniel/0000-0002-3443-0493 FU National Research Program; Toxics Substances Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey FX This study was supported by the National Research Program and the Toxics Substances Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only, and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 27 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1552 EP 1560 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04755 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8LO UT WOS:000369471300055 PM 26698541 ER PT J AU McIntyre, JK Edmunds, RC Redig, MG Mudrock, EM Davis, JW Incardona, JP Stark, JD Scholz, NL AF McIntyre, Jenifer K. Edmunds, Richard C. Redig, Maria G. Mudrock, Emma M. Davis, Jay W. Incardona, John P. Stark, John D. Scholz, Nathaniel L. TI Confirmation of Stormwater Bioretention Treatment Effectiveness Using Molecular Indicators of Cardiovascular Toxicity in Developing Fish SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; MYOSIN HEAVY-CHAIN; CRUDE-OIL; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; SOIL BIORETENTION; DEVELOPING HEARTS; CARDIAC TOXICITY; EXXON-VALDEZ; ZEBRAFISH AB Urban stormwater runoff is a globally significant threat to the ecological integrity of aquatic habitats. Green stormwater infrastructure methods such as bioretention are increasingly used to improve water quality by filtering chemical contaminants that may be harmful to fish and other species. Ubiquitous examples of toxics in runoff from highways and other impervious surfaces include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Certain PAHs are known to cause functional and structural defects in developing fish hearts. Therefore, abnormal heart development in fish can be a sensitive measure of clean water technology effectiveness. Here we use the zebrafish experimental model to assess the effects of untreated runoff on the expression of genes that are classically responsive to contaminant exposures, as well as heart -related genes that may underpin the familiar cardiotoxicity phenotype. Further, we assess the effectiveness of soil bioretention for treating runoff, as measured by prevention of both visible cardiac toxicity and corresponding gene regulation. We find that contaminants in the dissolved phase of runoff (e.g., PAHs) are cardiotoxic and that soil bioretention protects against these harmful effects. Molecular markers were more sensitive than visible toxicity indicators, and several cardiac -related genes show promise as, novel tools for evaluating the effectiveness of evolving stormwater mitigation strategies. C1 [McIntyre, Jenifer K.; Mudrock, Emma M.; Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 West Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Edmunds, Richard C.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Res Associateship Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Scholz, Nathaniel L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Redig, Maria G.] Evergreen State Coll, 2700 Pkwy NW, Olympia, WA 98505 USA. [Davis, Jay W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, 510 Desmond Dr SE, Lacey, WA 98503 USA. RP McIntyre, JK (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 West Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. EM jen.mcintyre@wsu.edu OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10 [DW-14-95791701-1]; Washington Sea Grant (NOAA) [NA14OAR4170078]; National Ocean Service (Coastal Storms Program); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Environmental Contaminants Program) FX This project was funded with grants from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10 (DW-14-95791701-1) and Washington Sea Grant (NOAA Award No. NA14OAR4170078), with additional support from the National Ocean Service (Coastal Storms Program) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Environmental Contaminants Program). Findings and conclusions herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsoring agencies. NR 56 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 15 U2 45 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1561 EP 1569 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04786 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8LO UT WOS:000369471300056 PM 26727247 ER PT J AU McIntyre, JK Edmunds, RC Anulacion, BF Davis, JW Incardona, JP Stark, JD Scholz, NL AF McIntyre, Jenifer K. Edmunds, Richard C. Anulacion, Bernadita F. Davis, Jay W. Incardona, John P. Stark, John D. Scholz, Nathaniel L. TI Severe Coal Tar Sealcoat Runoff Toxicity to Fish Is Prevented by Bioretention Filtration SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; CELL-LINE; SOIL BIORETENTION; DEVELOPING HEARTS; CARDIAC TOXICITY; IN-VIVO; PAHS; OIL AB Coal tar sealcoats applied to asphalt surfaces in North America, east of the Continental Divide, are enriched in petroleum-derived compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The release of PAHs and other chemicals from sealcoat has the potential to contaminate nearby water bodies, reducing the resiliency of aquatic communities. Despite this, relatively little is known about the aquatic toxicology of sealcoat-derived contaminants. We assessed the impacts of stormwater runoff from sealcoated asphalt on juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and embryo-larval zebrafish (Danio rerio). We furthermore evaluated the effectiveness of bioretention as a green stormwater method to remove PAHs and reduce lethal and sublethal toxicity in both species. We applied a coal tar sealcoat to conventional asphalt and collected runoff from simulated rainfall events up to 7 months postapplication. Whereas sealcoat runoff was more acutely lethal to salmon, a spectrum of cardiovascular abnormalities was consistently evident in early life stage zebrafish. Soil bioretention effectively reduced PAH concentrations by an order of magnitude, prevented mortality in juvenile salmon, and significantly reduced cardiotoxicity in zebrafish. Our findings show that inexpensive bioretention methods can markedly improve stormwater quality and protect fish health. C1 [McIntyre, Jenifer K.; Stark, John D.] Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. [Edmunds, Richard C.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Res Council Associates Program, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Anulacion, Bernadita F.; Incardona, John P.; Scholz, Nathaniel L.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, NW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, 2725 Montlake Blvd E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Davis, Jay W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington Fish & Wildlife Off, 510 Desmond Dr SE, Lacey, WA 98503 USA. RP McIntyre, JK (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Puyallup Res & Extens Ctr, 2606 W Pioneer Ave, Puyallup, WA 98371 USA. EM jen.mcintyre@wsu.edu OI Scholz, Nathaniel/0000-0001-6207-0272 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10 [DW-14-95791701-1]; Washington Sea Grant (NOAA) [NA14OAR4170078]; National Ocean Service (Coastal Storms Program); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Environmental Contaminants Program) FX This project was funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region 10 (DW-14-95791701-1) and Washington Sea Grant (NOAA Award No. NA14OAR4170078), with additional support from the National Ocean Service (Coastal Storms Program) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Environmental Contaminants Program). The findings and conclusions herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the sponsoring agencies. Peter Van Metre and Barbara Mahler (USGS) provided helpful suggestions during project planning. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 2 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 3 BP 1570 EP 1578 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04928 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8LO UT WOS:000369471300057 PM 26654684 ER PT J AU Yong, A AF Yong, Alan TI Comparison of Measured and Proxy-Based VS30 Values in California SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article ID SEISMIC SITE CONDITIONS; GROUND-MOTION RELATIONS; SHEAR-WAVE VELOCITY; SAN-FRANCISCO-BAY; LOCAL GEOLOGY; 30 METERS; AMPLIFICATION; DATABASE; MAP AB This study was prompted by the recent availability of a significant amount of openly accessible measured V-S30 values and the desire to investigate the trend of using proxy-based models to predict V-S30 in the absence of measurements. Comparisons between measured and model-based values were performed. The measured data included 503 V-S30 values collected from various projects for 482 seismographic station sites in California. Six proxy-based models-employing geologic mapping, topographic slope, and terrain classification-were also considered. Included was a new terrain class model based on the Yong et al. (2012) approach but recalibrated with updated measured V-S30 values. Using the measured V-S30 data as the metric for performance, the predictive capabilities of the six models were determined to be statistically indistinguishable. This study also found three models that tend to underpredict V-S30 at lower velocities (NEHRP Site Classes D-E) and overpredict at higher velocities (Site Classes B-C). C1 [Yong, Alan] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. RP Yong, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 EI 1944-8201 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD FEB PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 171 EP 192 DI 10.1193/013114EQS025M PG 22 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA ED1TG UT WOS:000388627200008 ER PT J AU Celebi, M Hisada, Y Omrani, R Ghahari, SF Tacirogluc, E AF Celebi, Mehmet Hisada, Yoshiaki Omrani, Roshanak Ghahari, S. Farid Tacirogluc, Ertugrul TI Responses of Two Tall Buildings in Tokyo, Japan, Before, During, and After the M9.0 Tohoku Earthquake of 11 March 2011 SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article ID SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION; GROUND-MOTION; SYSTEM-IDENTIFICATION; RECORDINGS; MODEL AB The 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Tohoku earthquake generated significant long duration shaking that propagated hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter and affected urban areas throughout much of Honshu. Recorded responses of tall buildings at several hundred km from the epicenter of the main shock and other events show tall buildings were affected by long-period motions of events at distant sources. This study presents behavioral aspects of 29-story and 30-story neighboring buildings in the Shinjuku area of Tokyo, Japan, as inferred from records retrieved from a sparse array of accelerometers deployed in the superstructures, at ground and 100 m below the ground level over a time interval covering before, during, and after the main shock. Such long-period effects are common in several regions of Japan as well as in the United States and in other seismically active countries. Permanent shifts in fundamental frequencies are observed. Drift ratios indicate possible structural nonlinear behavior occurred during the main shock. The need to consider risks to built environments from distant sources, including those in neighboring countries, is emphasized. C1 [Celebi, Mehmet] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Hisada, Yoshiaki] Kogakuin Univ, Tokyo, Japan. [Omrani, Roshanak; Ghahari, S. Farid; Tacirogluc, Ertugrul] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Celebi, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 EI 1944-8201 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD FEB PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 463 EP 495 DI 10.1193/092713EQS260M PG 33 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA ED1TG UT WOS:000388627200021 ER PT J AU Celebi, M Kashima, T Ghahari, SF Abazarsa, F Taciroglu, E AF Celebi, Mehmet Kashima, Toshihide Ghahari, S. Farid Abazarsa, Fariba Taciroglu, Ertugrul TI Responses of a Tall Building with US Code-Type Instrumentation in Tokyo, Japan, to Events Before, During, and After the Tohoku Earthquake of 11 March 2011 SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article ID SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION; GROUND-MOTION; SYSTEM-IDENTIFICATION; MODEL; RECORDINGS AB The 11 March 2011 M 9.0 Tohoku earthquake generated long-duration shaking that propagated hundreds of kilometers from the epicenter and affected tall buildings in urban areas several hundred kilometers from the epicenter of the main shock. Recorded responses show that tall buildings were affected by long-period motions. This study presents the behavior and performance of a 37-story building in the Tsukuda area of Tokyo, Japan, as inferred from modal analyses of records retrieved for a time interval covering a few days before, during, and for several months after the main shock. The U.S. "code-type" array comprises three triaxial accelerometers deployed at three levels in the superstructure. Such a sparse array in a tall structure limits a reliable assessment, because its performance must be based on only the average drift ratios. Based on the inferred values of this parameter, the subject building was not structurally damaged. C1 [Celebi, Mehmet] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Kashima, Toshihide] Bldg Res Inst, 1 Tachihara, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050802, Japan. [Ghahari, S. Farid; Abazarsa, Fariba; Taciroglu, Ertugrul] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Celebi, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 52 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 EI 1944-8201 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD FEB PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 497 EP 522 DI 10.1193/052114EQS071M PG 26 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA ED1TG UT WOS:000388627200022 ER PT J AU Boswell, R Shipp, C Reichel, T Shelander, D Saeki, T Frye, M Shedd, W Collett, TS McConnell, DR AF Boswell, Ray Shipp, Craig Reichel, Thomas Shelander, Dianna Saeki, Tetsuo Frye, Matthew Shedd, William Collett, Timothy S. McConnell, Daniel R. TI Prospecting for marine gas hydrate resources SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; ALAMINOS CANYON 21; PROJECT LEG II; GLOBAL CARBON-CYCLE; METHANE HYDRATE; WALKER RIDGE; SEISMIC DATA; BASIN; SATURATION; MIGRATION AB As gas hydrate energy assessment matures worldwide, emphasis has evolved away from confirmation of the mere presence of gas hydrate to the more complex issue of prospecting for those specific accumulations that are viable resource targets. Gas hydrate exploration now integrates the unique pressure and temperature preconditions for gas hydrate occurrence with those concepts and practices that are the basis for conventional oil and gas exploration. We have aimed to assimilate the lessons learned to date in global gas hydrate exploration to outline a generalized prospecting approach as follows: (1) use existing well and geophysical data to delineate the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ), (2) identify and evaluate potential direct indications of hydrate occurrence through evaluation of interval of elevated acoustic velocity and/or seismic events of prospective amplitude and polarity, (3) mitigate geologic risk via regional seismic and stratigraphic facies analysis as well as seismic mapping of amplitude distribution along prospective horizons, and (4) mitigate further prospect risk through assessment of the evidence of gas presence and migration into the GHSZ. Although a wide range of occurrence types might ultimately become viable energy supply options, this approach, which has been tested in only a small number of locations worldwide, has directed prospect evaluation toward those sand-hosted, high-saturation occurrences that were presently considered to have the greatest future commercial potential. C1 [Boswell, Ray] Natl Energy Technol Lab, South Pk Township, PA 15129 USA. [Shipp, Craig] Shell Int Explorat & Prod Inc, Houston, TX USA. [Reichel, Thomas] Statoil ASA Inc, Oslo, Norway. [Shelander, Dianna] Schlumberger, Houston, TX USA. [Saeki, Tetsuo] JOGMEC Inc, Chiba, Japan. [Frye, Matthew; Shedd, William] US Bur Ocean Energy Management, New Orleans, LA USA. [Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [McConnell, Daniel R.] Fugro, Houston, TX USA. RP Boswell, R (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, South Pk Township, PA 15129 USA. EM ray.boswell@netl.doe.gov; craig.shipp@shell.com; thorei@statoil.com; dshelander@slb.com; saeki-tetsuo@jogmec.go.jp; matt.frye@boem.gov; william.shedd@boem.gov; tcollett@usgs.gov; dmcconnell@fugro.com OI Boswell, Ray/0000-0002-3824-2967 NR 73 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 18 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 2324-8858 EI 2324-8866 J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB JI Interpretation PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 1 BP SA13 EP SA24 DI 10.1190/INT-2015-0036.1 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO4SI UT WOS:000377773100009 ER PT J AU Cossey, SPJ Van Nieuwenhuise, D Davis, J Rosenfeld, JH Pindell, J AF Cossey, Stephen P. J. Van Nieuwenhuise, Don Davis, Joseph Rosenfeld, Joshua H. Pindell, James TI Compelling evidence from eastern Mexico for a Late Paleocene/Early Eocene isolation, drawdown, and refill of the Gulf of Mexico SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article AB Outcrops of the Paleocene/Eocene Chicontepec Formation in eastern Mexico have provided a unique opportunity to study exposed time-equivalent sections of the deepwater Gulf of Mexico (GOM) Wilcox Formation. A 2012 study established a stratigraphic framework in the Tampico-Misantla Basin (TMB) and identified sequence boundaries that could not be correlated globally. Fieldwork in 2008 had also established a network of paleocanyons in the basin associated with a particular "54 Ma" sequence boundary. At that time, a Paleocene turbidite basin fed from the northwest was incised by a collection of northeast-facing erosional canyons that coalesced laterally into the main southeast-trending Chicontepec paleocanyon; this canyon network was filled in the Early Eocene. Using the 2012 study chronostratigraphic scheme, recent micropaleontological studies were performed on a unique outcrop containing a bitumen bed within one of these paleocanyons. The results suggest that the basin's water level fell rapidly by at least 200 m, starting after 55.8 Ma and leading to subaerial exposure of the bathyal beds for a maximum of 850,000 years prior to canyon refill. Evidence of rooting (limonite tubes) occurs in the bathyal turbidites below the bitumen bed. At this time, the paleocanyons in the TMB were eroded by fluvial systems feeding directly into the central Gulf basin, probably a land-locked sea. The interpreted large and rapid fall and rise of the water level between 55.8 and 54.95 Ma supports the "GOM draw-down hypothesis,"i.e., that the GOM may have been isolated from the world's oceans due to the closure of the Florida straits as the Cuban arc collided with the Bahamas and northeast Yucatan. The timing of the interpreted drawdown coincides with the Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM), hinting that the PETM may have been caused or assisted by the release of methane from hydrates in the GOM margins and abyssal plain. C1 [Cossey, Stephen P. J.] Cossey & Associates Inc, Durango, CO USA. [Van Nieuwenhuise, Don] Univ Houston, Petr Geosci Programs, Houston, TX USA. [Davis, Joseph] US Geol Survey, Arco Oil & Gas, Maxus Energy, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Davis, Joseph] Dallas Geol Soc, Dallas, TX USA. [Davis, Joseph] Kalnin Ventures, Geosci, Broomfield, CO USA. [Rosenfeld, Joshua H.] Guatemalan Minist Econ, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Rosenfeld, Joshua H.] Amoco, Chicago, IL USA. [Pindell, James] Tecton Anal Ltd, Duncton, W Sussex, England. RP Cossey, SPJ (reprint author), Cossey & Associates Inc, Durango, CO USA. EM cosseygeo@aol.com; donvann@uh.edu; joedavis.dallas@gmail.com; jhrosenfeld@gmail.com; jim@tectonicanalysis.com NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 2324-8858 EI 2324-8866 J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB JI Interpretation PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 1 BP SC63 EP SC80 DI 10.1190/INT-2015-0107.1 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO4SI UT WOS:000377773100029 ER PT J AU Kluesner, JW Brothers, DS AF Kluesner, Jared W. Brothers, Daniel S. TI Seismic attribute detection of faults and fluid pathways within an active strike-slip shear zone: New insights from high-resolution 3D P-Cable (TM) seismic data along the Hosgri Fault, offshore California SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; GAS HYDRATE; SEA-FLOOR; CLASSIFICATION; DEFORMATION; MIGRATION; EXPULSION; ROTATION; SYSTEMS; BENDS AB Poststack data conditioning and neural-network seismic attribute workflows are used to detect and visualize faulting and fluid migration pathways within a 13.7 km(2) 3D P-Cable (TM) seismic volume located along the Hosgri Fault Zone offshore central California. The high-resolution 3D volume used in this study was collected in 2012 as part of Pacific Gas and Electric's Central California Seismic Imaging Project. Three-dimensional seismic reflection data were acquired using a triple-plate boomer source (1.75 kJ) and a short-offset, 14-streamer, P-Cable system. The high-resolution seismic data were processed into a prestack time-migrated 3D volume and publically released in 2014. Postprocessing, we employed dip-steering (dip and azimuth) and structural filtering to enhance laterally continuous events and remove random noise and acquisition artifacts. In addition, the structural filtering was used to enhance laterally continuous edges, such as faults. Following data conditioning, neural-network based meta-attribute workflows were used to detect and visualize faults and probable fluidmigration pathways within the 3D seismic volume. The workflow used in this study clearly illustrates the utility of advanced attribute analysis applied to high-resolution 3D P-Cable data. For example, results from the fault attribute workflow reveal a network of splayed and convergent fault strands within an approximately 1.3 km wide shear zone that is characterized by distinctive sections of transpressional and transtensional dominance. Neural-network chimney attribute calculations indicate that fluids are concentrated along discrete faults in the transtensional zones, but appear to be more broadly distributed amongst fault bounded anticlines and structurally controlled traps in the transpressional zones. These results provide high-resolution, 3D constraints on the relationships between strike-slip fault mechanics, substrate deformation, and fluid migration along an active fault system offshore central California. C1 [Kluesner, Jared W.; Brothers, Daniel S.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. RP Kluesner, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. EM jkluesner@usgs.gov; dbrothers@usgs.gov NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 2324-8858 EI 2324-8866 J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB JI Interpretation PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 1 BP SB131 EP SB148 DI 10.1190/INT-2015-0143.1 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO4SI UT WOS:000377773100034 ER PT J AU Wang, XJ Qian, J Collett, TS Shi, HS Yang, SX Yan, CZ Li, YP Wang, ZZ Chen, DX AF Wang, Xiujuan Qian, Jin Collett, Timothy S. Shi, Hesheng Yang, Shengxiong Yan, Chengzhi Li, Yuanping Wang, Zhenzhen Chen, Duanxin TI Characterization of gas hydrate distribution using conventional 3D seismic data in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; FOCUSED FLUID-FLOW; NORTHERN CONTINENTAL-SLOPE; KRISHNA-GODAVARI BASIN; PROJECT LEG II; SHENHU AREA; IMPEDANCE INVERSION; ACOUSTIC-IMPEDANCE; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; METHANE SEEPAGE AB A new 3D seismic reflection data volume acquired in 2012 has allowed for the detailed mapping and characterization of gas hydrate distribution in the Pearl River Mouth Basin in the South China Sea. Previous studies of core and logging data showed that gas hydrate occurrence at high concentrations is controlled by the presence of relatively coarse-grained sediment and the upward migration of thermogenic gas from the deeper sediment section into the overlying gas hydrate stability zone (BGHSZ); however, the spatial distribution of the gas hydrate remains poorly defined. We used a constrained sparse spike inversion technique to generate acousticimpedance images of the hydrate-bearing sedimentary section from the newly acquired 3D seismic data volume. High-amplitude reflections just above the bottom-simulating reflectors (BSRs) were interpreted to be associated with the accumulation of gas hydrate with elevated saturations. Enhanced seismic reflections below the BSRs were interpreted to indicate the presence of free gas. The base of the BGHSZ was established using the occurrence of BSRs. In areas absent of well-developed BSRs, the BGHSZ was calculated from a model using the inverted P-wave velocity and subsurface temperature data. Seismic attributes were also extracted along the BGHSZ that indicate variations reservoir properties and inferred hydrocarbon accumulations at each site. Gas hydrate saturations estimated from the inversion of acoustic impedance of conventional 3D seismic data, along with well-log-derived rock-physics models were also used to estimate gas hydrate saturations. Our analysis determined that the gas hydrate petroleum system varies significantly across the Pearl River Mouth Basin and that variability in sedimentary properties as a product of depositional processes and the upward migration of gas from deeper thermogenic sources control the distribution of gas hydrates in this basin. C1 [Wang, Xiujuan; Qian, Jin; Chen, Duanxin] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao, Peoples R China. [Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Shi, Hesheng; Yan, Chengzhi; Li, Yuanping] China Natl Offshore Oil Corp Ltd, Shenzhen Branch, Shenzhen, Peoples R China. [Yang, Shengxiong] Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wang, Zhenzhen] China Natl Offshore Oil Corp Ltd, Zhanjiang Branch, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China. RP Wang, XJ; Qian, J; Chen, DX (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Qingdao, Peoples R China.; Collett, TS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO USA.; Shi, HS; Yan, CZ; Li, YP (reprint author), China Natl Offshore Oil Corp Ltd, Shenzhen Branch, Shenzhen, Peoples R China.; Yang, SX (reprint author), Guangzhou Marine Geol Survey, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China.; Wang, ZZ (reprint author), China Natl Offshore Oil Corp Ltd, Zhanjiang Branch, Zhanjiang, Peoples R China. EM wangxiujuan@qdio.ac.cn; qianjin@qdio.ac.cn; tcollett@usgs.gov; shihesheng@cnooc.com.cn; yangshengxiong@gmgs.gov; yanchzh@cnooc.com.cn; liyp@cnooc.com.cn; 872080448@qq.com; chenduanxin@qdio.ac.cn FU National 863 Program [2013AA092601]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41276053]; National 127 Project [GZH201100305] FX We thank the gas hydrate science team of the gas hydrate program expedition Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey-1 (GMGS-1). We thank the Shenzhen Branch of China National Offshore Oil Corporation Ltd. to release the seismic data. We thank R. Boswell and an anonymous reviewer as well as the editor for their thorough reviews and constructive comments. Sponsorship is by the National 863 Program (grant no. 2013AA092601), National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41276053), and the National 127 Project (grant no. GZH201100305). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 10 U2 11 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 2324-8858 EI 2324-8866 J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB JI Interpretation PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 1 BP SA25 EP SA37 DI 10.1190/INT-2015-0020.1 PG 13 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO4SI UT WOS:000377773100003 ER PT J AU Boswell, R Bunz, S Collett, TS Frye, M Fujii, T McConnell, D Meinert, J Pecher, I Reichel, T Ryu, BJ Shelander, D Shin, KS AF Boswell, Ray Bunz, Stefan Collett, Timothy S. Frye, Matthew Fujii, Tetsuya McConnell, Daniel Meinert, Jurgen Pecher, Ingo Reichel, Thomas Ryu, Byong-Jae Shelander, Dianna Shin, Kook-sun TI Introduction to special section: Exploration and characterization of gas hydrates SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Boswell, Ray] Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Bunz, Stefan; Meinert, Jurgen] Arctic Univ Norway, Ctr Gas Hydrate Environm & Climate CAGE, Tromso, Norway. [Collett, Timothy S.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Frye, Matthew] Bur Ocean Energy Management, Herndon, VA USA. [Fujii, Tetsuya] Japan Oil Gas & Met Natl Corp, Chiba, Japan. [McConnell, Daniel] Fugro, Houston, TX USA. [Pecher, Ingo] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Reichel, Thomas] Statoil ASA, Oslo, Norway. [Ryu, Byong-Jae] Korea Inst Geosci & Mineral Resources, Daejeon, South Korea. [Shelander, Dianna] Schlumberger, Houston, TX USA. [Shin, Kook-sun] Korea Natl Oil Co, Ulsan, South Korea. RP Boswell, R (reprint author), Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM ray.boswell@netl.doe.gov; stefan.buenz@uit.no; tcollett@usgs.gov; mfrye@boem.gov; fujii-tetsuya@jogmec.go.jp; dmcconnell@fugro.com; jurgen.mienert@uit.no; i.pecher@auckland.ac.nz; thorei@statoil.com; bjryu@kigam.re.kr; dshelander@slb.com; kooksun.shin@knoc.co.kr NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 2324-8858 EI 2324-8866 J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB JI Interpretation PD FEB PY 2016 VL 4 IS 1 PG 2 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO4SI UT WOS:000377773100036 ER PT J AU Richgels, KLD Russell, RE Adams, MJ White, CL Grant, EHC AF Richgels, Katherine L. D. Russell, Robin E. Adams, Michael J. White, C. LeAnn Grant, Evan H. Campbell TI Spatial variation in risk and consequence of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans introduction in the USA SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fungal pathogen; amphibians; urodeles; Caudata; invasive species; disease ID EMERGING DISEASE; SP-NOV; AMPHIBIANS; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; DENDROBATIDIS; EXTINCTION; EMERGENCE; DECLINE; MODELS AB A newly identified fungal pathogen, Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans (Bsal), is responsible for mass mortality events and severe population declines in European salamanders. The eastern USA has the highest diversity of salamanders in the world and the introduction of this pathogen is likely to be devastating. Although data are inevitably limited for new pathogens, disease-risk assessments use best available data to inform management decisions. Using characteristics of Bsal ecology, spatial data on imports and pet trade establishments, and salamander species diversity, we identify high-risk areas with both a high likelihood of introduction and severe consequences for local salamanders. We predict that the Pacific coast, southern Appalachian Mountains and mid-Atlantic regions will have the highest relative risk from Bsal. Management of invasive pathogens becomes difficult once they are established in wildlife populations; therefore, import restrictions to limit pathogen introduction and early detection through surveillance of high-risk areas are priorities for preventing the next crisis for North American salamanders. C1 [Richgels, Katherine L. D.; Russell, Robin E.; White, C. LeAnn] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Res Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Richgels, Katherine L. D.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, 2015 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Adams, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. RP Richgels, KLD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Res Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. EM krichgels@usgs.gov RI Richgels, Katherine/H-3773-2013 OI Russell, Robin/0000-0001-8726-7303; Richgels, Katherine/0000-0003-2834-9477 FU US Geological Survey's National Wildlife Health Center FX The Bsal risk assessment was funded by the US Geological Survey's National Wildlife Health Center and completed in cooperation with the US Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (product number 530). NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 24 U2 30 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 3 IS 2 AR 150616 DI 10.1098/rsos.150616 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO7NJ UT WOS:000377969000021 PM 26998331 ER PT J AU Timm, A Hallerman, E Dolloff, CA Hudy, M Kolka, R AF Timm, Anne Hallerman, Eric Dolloff, C. Andrew Hudy, Mark Kolka, Randall TI Identification of a barrier height threshold where brook trout population genetic diversity, differentiation, and relatedness are affected SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES LA English DT Article DE Barrier; Brook Trout; Genetic differentiation; Individual assignment; Relatedness ID MICROSATELLITE DNA MARKERS; SALMO-TRUTTA L.; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; F-STATISTICS; BULL TROUT; RIVER; SOFTWARE; CHARR AB The overall goal of the study was to evaluate effects of landscape features, barriers, on Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis population genetics and to identify a potential barrier height threshold where genetic diversity was reduced upstream of the barrier and differentiation and relatedness increase. We screened variation at eight microsatellite DNA loci within Brook Trout populations upstream and downstream of ten putative natural barriers ranging in height from 1.5 to 61 m to quantify allelic variation, differentiation (F-ST), individual assignment probability (Q), and relatedness (r(xy)). Average gene diversity per locus (H), differentiation (F-ST), and mean relatedness values (r(xy)) became significantly greater in relation to barrier height starting at 4 m according to piecewise linear regression. This potential barrier height threshold is greater than the barrier height criterion identified for Brook Trout based on physical criteria and jumping ability (0.74 m). The 4 m barrier-height criteria can be used to identify barrier sites where Brook Trout populations may be at risk due to reduced genetic diversity and increased relatedness. C1 [Timm, Anne] USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, 5523 Res Pk Dr,Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. [Hallerman, Eric] Virginia Tech Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 100 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dolloff, C. Andrew] USDA Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, 1710 Res Ctr Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Hudy, Mark] US Geol Survey, Ecosyst, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 301, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Kolka, Randall] USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, 1831 Hwy 169 E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. RP Timm, A (reprint author), USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, 5523 Res Pk Dr,Suite 350, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. EM altimm@fs.fed.us FU USDA Forest Service (Northern Research Station, Southern Research Station, and Region 9); Virginia Tech Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation FX This study was funded by the USDA Forest Service (Northern Research Station, Southern Research Station, and Region 9) and the Virginia Tech Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation. We thank K. Nislow for his feedback on this study and help with data analysis. We thank the U.S. Geological Survey, Conte Anadromous Fish Laboratory for providing laboratory facilities for processing fin clip samples. We thank B. Letcher, J. Coombs, P. Schueller, and G. Mendez for their help in the fish genetics laboratory. We thank J. Kuykendall and R. Stidham for logistical support. We also thank B. Flynn, C. B. Fox, A. Palmeri, J. Emmel, M. O'Melia; D. Belkoski, D. Hagedorn, J. Herrala, P. Lung, A. May, and M. Vincie for their hard work in the field. All procedures performed as a part of this research were performed in accordance with ethical standards approved by the Virginia Tech Animal Care and Use Committee. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0378-1909 EI 1573-5133 J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH JI Environ. Biol. Fishes PD FEB PY 2016 VL 99 IS 2-3 BP 195 EP 208 DI 10.1007/s10641-015-0467-4 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DK1KM UT WOS:000374671000004 ER PT J AU Coates, PS Brussee, BE Howe, KB Gustafson, KB Casazza, ML Delehanty, DJ AF Coates, Peter S. Brussee, Brianne E. Howe, Kristy B. Gustafson, Kit Benjamin Casazza, Michael L. Delehanty, David J. TI Landscape characteristics and livestock presence influence common ravens: relevance to greater sage-grouse conservation SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic subsidies; cattle; Centrocercus urophasianus; Corvus corax; lek; sagebrush steppe ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; SOUTHWESTERN IDAHO; HABITAT SELECTION; DESERT TORTOISES; NEST PREDATION; MOJAVE DESERT; LAND-USE; POPULATION; CALIFORNIA; VEGETATION AB Common raven (Corvus corax; hereafter, raven) population abundance in the sagebrush steppe of the American West has increased threefold during the previous four decades, largely as a result of unintended resource subsidies from human land-use practices. This is concerning because ravens frequently depredate nests of species of conservation concern, such as greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse). Grazing by livestock in sagebrush ecosystems is common practice on most public lands, but associations between livestock and ravens are poorly understood. The primary objective of this study was to identify the effects of livestock on raven occurrence while accounting for landscape characteristics within human-altered sagebrush steppe habitat, particularly in areas occupied by breeding sage-grouse. Using data from southeastern Idaho collected during spring and summer across 3 yr, we modeled raven occurrence as a function of the presence of livestock while accounting for multiple landscape covariates, including land cover features, topographical features, and proximity to sage-grouse lek sites (breeding grounds), as well as site-level anthropogenic features. While accounting for landscape characteristics, we found that the odds of raven occurrence increased 45.8% in areas where livestock were present. In addition, ravens selected areas near sage-grouse leks, with the odds of occurrence decreasing 8.9% for every 1-km distance, increase away from the lek. We did not find an association between livestock use and distance to lek. We also found that ravens selected sites with relatively lower elevation containing increased amounts of cropland, wet meadow, and urbanization. Limiting raven access to key anthropogenic subsidies and spatially segregating livestock from sage-grouse breeding areas would likely reduce exposure of predatory ravens to sage-grouse nests and chicks. C1 [Coates, Peter S.; Brussee, Brianne E.; Howe, Kristy B.; Gustafson, Kit Benjamin; Casazza, Michael L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. [Howe, Kristy B.; Delehanty, David J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Coates, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. EM pcoates@usgs.gov OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X FU Idaho Department of Fish and Game FX This research was funded by Idaho Department of Fish and Game through a grant to Idaho State University. We thank the Curlew Valley Local Working Group and Idaho Department of Fish and Game, especially D. Rose, for their cooperation and logistical support for this research. We thank S. Murphy, G. Gillette, and Z. Lockyer for important contributions to this paper and for field support. We thank T. Gettelman, P. O'Hearn, J. Ragni, and E. Renner for survey data collection. We also thank C. Lepczyk, J. Yee, and other reviewers who provided insights and suggestions that substantially improved this paper. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 AR e01203 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1203 PG 20 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DK4NX UT WOS:000374896300004 ER PT J AU Kennedy, CG Mather, ME Smith, JM Finn, JT Deegan, LA AF Kennedy, Cristina G. Mather, Martha E. Smith, Joseph M. Finn, John T. Deegan, Linda A. TI Discontinuities concentrate mobile predators: quantifying organism-environment interactions at a seascape scale SO ECOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE conservation; discontinuities; distribution; drivers; habitat; mobile organisms; Morone saxatilis; seascape ID BASS MORONE-SAXATILIS; MIGRATORY STRIPED BASS; ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT; MULTIMODEL INFERENCE; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY; MODEL SELECTION; PATCH DYNAMICS; ECOSYSTEMS; STREAM AB Understanding environmental drivers of spatial patterns is an enduring ecological problem that is critical for effective biological conservation. Discontinuities (ecologically meaningful habitat breaks), both-naturally occurring (e.g., river confluence, forest edge, drop-off) and anthropogenic (e.g., dams, roads), can influence the distribution of highly mobile organisms that have land-or seascape scale ranges. A geomorphic discontinuity framework, expanded to include ecological patterns, provides a way to incorporate important but irregularly distributed physical features into organism-environment relationships. Here, we test if migratory striped bass (Morone saxatilis) are consistently concentrated by spatial discontinuities and why. We quantified the distribution of 50 acoustically tagged striped bass at 40 sites within Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts during four-monthly surveys relative to four physical discontinuities (sandbar, confluence, channel network, drop-off), one continuous physical feature (depth variation), and a geographic location variable (region). Despite moving throughout the estuary, striped bass were consistently clustered in the middle geographic region at sites with high sandbar area, close to channel networks, adjacent to complex confluences, with intermediate levels of bottom unevenness, and medium sized drop-offs. In addition, the highest striped bass concentrations occurred at sites with the greatest additive physical heterogeneity (i.e., where multiple discontinuities co-occurred). The need to incorporate irregularly distributed features in organism-environment relationships will increase as high-quality telemetry and GIS data accumulate for mobile organisms. The spatially explicit approach we used to address this challenge can aid both researchers who seek to understand the impact of predators on ecosystems and resource managers who require new approaches for biological conservation. C1 [Kennedy, Cristina G.; Mather, Martha E.; Finn, John T.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Kennedy, Cristina G.; Mather, Martha E.; Smith, Joseph M.] Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Marine Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Mather, Martha E.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Smith, Joseph M.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Deegan, Linda A.] Marine Biol Lab, Ctr Ecosyst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Kennedy, Cristina G.] Massachusetts Off Coastal Zone Management, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Kennedy, CG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Kennedy, CG (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Grad Program Marine Sci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Kennedy, CG (reprint author), Massachusetts Off Coastal Zone Management, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM cristina.kennedy@state.ma.us FU Kansas State University Open Access Publishing Fund; University of Massachusetts School of Marine Sciences; University of Massachusetts IACUC Protocol FX This project was administered through the Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, which is a cooperation among the University of Massachusetts, the U.S. Geological Survey, the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, and the Wildlife Management Institute. The Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Kansas State University, the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism, and the Wildlife Management Institute) provided support during manuscript preparation. Publication of this article was funded in part by the Kansas State University Open Access Publishing Fund. The University of Massachusetts School of Marine Sciences, especially Robert Gamache, provided financial support. The Plum Island Ecosystems LTER program (OCE-0423565, OCE-1058747, OCE-1026859, OCE-1238212) provided lodging and field assistance. Joe Vallino contributed hydrodynamic modeling results. Stuart Welsh and three anonymous reviewers provided useful manuscript reviews. Invaluable field, laboratory and other assistance were provided by members of the University of Massachusetts and Kansas State University fish ecology groups. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This research was conducted under the auspices of University of Massachusetts IACUC Protocol # 28-02-15; 2012-0023). NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2150-8925 J9 ECOSPHERE JI Ecosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 7 IS 2 AR e01226 DI 10.1002/ecs2.1226 PG 17 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DK4NX UT WOS:000374896300009 ER PT J AU Mize, EL Britten, HB AF Mize, Erica L. Britten, Hugh B. TI Detections of Yersinia pestis East of the Known Distribution of Active Plague in the United States SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Aggregation; Cynomys ludovicianus; Oropsylla hirsuta; Oropsylla tuberculata; Yersinia pestis ID TAILED PRAIRIE DOG; POPULATION GENETIC-STRUCTURE; CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; OROPSYLLA-HIRSUTA; SYLVATIC PLAGUE; MUSTELA-NIGRIPES; NEW-MEXICO; FLEA; COLONIES; CERATOPHYLLIDAE AB We examined fleas collected from black-tailed prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) burrows from 2009 through 2011 in five national park units east of the known distribution of active plague across the northern Great Plains for the presence of Yersinia pestis. Across all national park units, Oropsylla tuberculata and Oropsylla hirsuta were the most common fleas collected from prairie dog burrows, 42.4% and 56.9%, respectively, of the 3964 fleas collected from burrow swabbing. Using a nested PCR assay, we detected 200 Y. pestis-positive fleas from 3117 assays. In total, 6.4% of assayed fleas were Y. pestis positive and 13.9% of prairie dog burrows swabbed contained Y. pestis-positive fleas. Evidence of the presence of Y. pestis was observed at all national park units except Devils Tower National Monument in Wyoming. We detected the presence of Y. pestis without large die-offs, i.e., enzootic sylvatic plague, east of the known distribution of active plague and near the eastern edge of the present distribution of black-tailed prairie dogs. This study, in combination with previous work suggests that sylvatic plague likely occurs across the range of black-tailed prairie dogs and should now be treated as endemic across this range. C1 [Mize, Erica L.; Britten, Hugh B.] Univ S Dakota, Dept Biol, Vermillion, SD 57069 USA. RP Mize, EL (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Midwest Fisheries Ctr, Whitney Genet Lab, 555 Lester Ave, Onalaska, WI 54650 USA. EM ericamize@gmail.com FU National Park Service Natural Resource Preservation Project FX We wish to thank the National Park Service Natural Resource Preservation Project for providing funding for this study. Additional resources were provided by The University of South Dakota. We would also like to thank National Park Service personnel from each of the study locations, in particular: J. Delger from Badlands National Park; M. Biel, R. Ohms, and A. Wetz from Devils Tower National Monument; R. Manasek from Scotts Bluff National Monument; M. Oehler and C. Sexton from Theodore Roosevelt National Park; B. Muenchau, D. Roddy, and G. Schroeder from Wind Cave National Park; D. Licht from Midwest Regional Office; and R. Griebel from Buffalo Gap National Grassland. We are especially grateful to the many field and laboratory technicians who helped collect and process thousands of fleas. This manuscript has been greatly improved thanks to comments from D. Biggins, M. Dixon, and two anonymous reviewers. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 18 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 BP 88 EP 95 DI 10.1089/vbz.2015.1825 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA DK9QQ UT WOS:000375266700004 PM 26771845 ER PT J AU Naeser, CW Naeser, ND Newell, WL Southworth, S Edwards, LE Weems, RE AF Naeser, C. W. Naeser, N. D. Newell, W. L. Southworth, S. Edwards, L. E. Weems, R. E. TI EROSIONAL AND DEPOSITIONAL HISTORY OF THE ATLANTIC PASSIVE MARGIN AS RECORDED IN DETRITAL ZIRCON FISSION-TRACK AGES AND LITHIC DETRITUS IN ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAIN SEDIMENTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE zircon fission-track ages; Atlantic passive margin; Atlantic drainage divide; provenance; Appalachian thermochronology ID EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; U-PB AGES; NEW-ENGLAND; APPALACHIAN BASIN; COLORADO PLATEAU; THERMAL HISTORY; MIDDLE MIOCENE; UNITED-STATES; BLUE RIDGE; NEW-JERSEY AB Comparison of fission-track (FT) ages of detrital zircons recovered from Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments to FT ages of zircons from bedrock in source terranes in the Appalachians provides a key to understanding the provenance of the sediments and, in turn, the erosional and depositional history of the Atlantic passive margin. In Appalachian source terranes, the oldest zircon fission-track (ZFT) ages from bedrock in the western Appalachians (defined for this paper as the Appalachian Plateau, Valley and Ridge, and far western Blue Ridge) are notably older than the oldest ages from bedrock in the eastern Appalachians (Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge). The age difference is seen both in ZFT sample ages and in individual zircon grain ages and reflects differences in the thermotectonic history of the rocks. In the east, ZFT data indicate that the rocks cooled from temperatures high enough to partially or totally reset ZFT ages during the Paleozoic and (or) Mesozoic. The majority of the rocks are interpreted to have cooled through the ZFT closure temperature (similar to 235 degrees C) at various times during the late Paleozoic Alleghanian orogeny. In contrast, most of the rocks sampled in the western Appalachians have never been heated to temperatures high enough to totally reset their ZFT ages. Reflecting their contrasting thermotectonic histories, nearly 80 percent of the sampled western rocks yield one or more zircon grains with very old FT ages, in excess of 800 Ma; zircon grains yielding FT ages this old have not been found in rocks in the Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge. The ZFT data suggest that the asymmetry of zircon ages of exposed bedrock in the eastern and western Appalachians was in evidence by no later than the Early Cretaceous and probably by the Late Triassic. Detrital zircon suites from sands collected in the Atlantic Coastal Plain provide a record of detritus eroded from source terranes in the Appalachians during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic. In Virginia and Maryland, sands of Early Cretaceous through late early Oligocene age do not yield any old zircons comparable in age to the old zircons found in bedrock in the western Appalachians. Very old zircons yielding FT ages > 800 Ma are only encountered in Coastal Plain sands of middle early Miocene and younger age. Miocene and younger fluvial-deltaic deposits associated with the major midAtlantic Coastal Plain rivers that now head in the western Appalachians (the Hudson, Delaware, Susquehanna, Potomac, James, and Roanoke) contain abundant clasts of fossiliferous chert and quartzite and other distinctive rock types derived from Paleozoic rocks of the western Appalachians. These distinctive clasts have not been reported in older Coastal Plain sediments. The ZFT and lithic detritus data indicate that the drainage divide for one or more east-flowing mid-Atlantic rivers migrated west into the western Appalachians, and the river(s) began transporting western Appalachian detritus to the Atlantic Coastal Plain, sometime between the late early Oligocene and middle early Miocene. By no later than late middle Miocene most if not all of the major rivers that now head west of the Blue Ridge were transporting western Appalachian detritus to the Coastal Plain. Prior to the drainage divide migrating into the western Appalachians, the ZFT data are consistent with the dominant source of Atlantic Coastal Plain sediments being detritus from the Piedmont and main part of the Blue Ridge, with possible input from distant volcanic sources. The ZFT data suggest that the rapid increase in the rate of siliciclastic sediment accumulation in middle Atlantic margin offshore basins that peaked in the middle Miocene and produced almost 30 percent of the total volume of post-rift siliciclastic sediments in the offshore basins began in the early Miocene when Atlantic river(s) gained access to the relatively easily eroded Paleozoic sedimentary rocks of the western Appalachians. C1 [Naeser, C. W.; Naeser, N. D.; Newell, W. L.; Southworth, S.; Edwards, L. E.; Weems, R. E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Naeser, CW; Naeser, ND (reprint author), 13503 Clear Lake Court, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. EM naeser@cox.net FU U.S. Geological Survey's National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program FX We thank the late Robert Zimmermann for his early work that paved the way for all later FT studies in the Appalachians, and James Quick and Benjamin Morgan, III, for helping initiate our study. We thank the National Park Service for permission to collect samples in the National Parks, as part of ongoing cooperative USGS-National Park Service studies. We thank colleagues for their guidance and assistance in the field collecting samples: Ben Morgan, in Shenandoah National Park; Arthur Schultz, in Great Smoky Mountains National Park; Rick Bolich, North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the RAL-2 core; and Milton Clare, National Park Service, the Beckley-Thurmond samples. We also thank William Burton, Wright Horton, and Michael Kunk for supplying several of the analyzed samples, and Sarah Bergstresser, Kim Buttleman, Peter Chirico, Elisabeth Rowan, and Bruce Wardlaw for help in preparing the figures. The study was supported by funding from the U.S. Geological Survey's National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program. The paper was improved by comments from John Garver, Glen Izett, Helaine Markewich, Milan Pavich, Frank Pazzaglia, Jeffrey Rahl, and Mary Roden-Tice. NR 154 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU AMER JOURNAL SCIENCE PI NEW HAVEN PA YALE UNIV, PO BOX 208109, NEW HAVEN, CT 06520-8109 USA SN 0002-9599 EI 1945-452X J9 AM J SCI JI Am. J. Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 316 IS 2 BP 110 EP 168 DI 10.2475/02.2016.02 PG 59 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DJ2FR UT WOS:000374019700002 ER PT J AU Pausas, JG Pratt, RB Keeley, JE Jacobsen, AL Ramirez, AR Vilagrosa, A Paula, S Kaneakua-Pia, IN Davis, SD AF Pausas, Juli G. Pratt, R. Brandon Keeley, Jon E. Jacobsen, Anna L. Ramirez, Aaron R. Vilagrosa, Alberto Paula, Susana Kaneakua-Pia, Iolana N. Davis, Stephen D. TI Towards understanding resprouting at the global scale SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST LA English DT Review DE cavitation; disturbance; drought regime; drought strategies; postfire strategies; resprouting; xylem ID FIRE-PRONE ECOSYSTEMS; LIFE-HISTORY TYPES; MEDITERRANEAN ECOSYSTEMS; REGENERATION PATTERNS; CEANOTHUS RHAMNACEAE; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; PERSISTENCE TRAITS; CHAPARRAL SHRUBS; SEEDLING GROWTH; XYLEM TRANSPORT AB Understanding and predicting plant response to disturbance is of paramount importance in our changing world. Resprouting ability is often considered a simple qualitative trait and used in many ecological studies. Our aim is to show some of the complexities of resprouting while highlighting cautions that need be taken in using resprouting ability to predict vegetation responses across disturbance types and biomes. There are marked differences in resprouting depending on the disturbance type, and fire is often the most severe disturbance because it includes both defoliation and lethal temperatures. In the Mediterranean biome, there are differences in functional strategies to cope with water deficit between resprouters (dehydration avoiders) and nonresprouters (dehydration tolerators); however, there is little research to unambiguously extrapolate these results to other biomes. Furthermore, predictions of vegetation responses to changes in disturbance regimes require consideration not only of resprouting, but also other relevant traits (e.g. seeding, bark thickness) and the different correlations among traits observed in different biomes; models lacking these details would behave poorly at the global scale. Overall, the lessons learned from a given disturbance regime and biome (e.g. crown-fire Mediterranean ecosystems) can guide research in other ecosystems but should not be extrapolated at the global scale. C1 [Pausas, Juli G.] CIDE CSIC, Ctra Naquera Km 4-5 IVIA, Valencia 46113, Spain. [Pratt, R. Brandon; Jacobsen, Anna L.; Ramirez, Aaron R.] Calif State Univ, Dept Biol, 9001 Stockdale Highway, Bakersfield, CA 93311 USA. [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Field Stn, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. [Keeley, Jon E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Ramirez, Aaron R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Vilagrosa, Alberto] CEAM Univ Alacant, POB 99, Alacant 03080, Spain. [Paula, Susana] Univ Austral Chile, ICAE, Campus Isla Teja,Casilla 567, Valdivia, Chile. [Kaneakua-Pia, Iolana N.; Davis, Stephen D.] Pepperdine Univ, Div Nat Sci, 24255 Pacific Coast Highway, Malibu, CA 90263 USA. RP Pausas, JG (reprint author), CIDE CSIC, Ctra Naquera Km 4-5 IVIA, Valencia 46113, Spain. EM juli.g.pausas@uv.es OI Vilagrosa, Alberto/0000-0002-1432-1214 FU TREVOL projects from the Spanish Government [CGL2012-39938-C02-01]; NSF [IOS-1252232, IOS-0845125]; SURVIVE Project, Spain [CGL-2011-30531-CO2-02]; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico, FONDECYT, Chile [ID-1120458]; Generalitat Valenciana FX This work was performed under the framework of the TREVOL projects (CGL2012-39938-C02-01 to J.G.P.) from the Spanish Government. A.L.J., R.B.P., A.V. and S.P. were supported by the following grants: IOS-1252232 (NSF), IOS-0845125 (NSF), CGL-2011-30531-CO2-02 (SURVIVE Project, Spain), ID-1120458 (Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico, FONDECYT, Chile), respectively. Michael F. Tobin is thanked for his work on resprouter vulnerability curves. Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificacion (CIDE; Desertification Research Center) is a joint research institute of the Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), the University of Valencia and Generalitat Valenciana. Fundacion Centro de Estudios Ambientales del Mediterraneo (CEAM) is supported by Generalitat Valenciana. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. NR 57 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 37 U2 62 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0028-646X EI 1469-8137 J9 NEW PHYTOL JI New Phytol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 209 IS 3 BP 945 EP 954 DI 10.1111/nph.13644 PG 10 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA DI3DI UT WOS:000373378000010 PM 26443127 ER PT J AU Howard, RJ Biagas, J Allain, L AF Howard, Rebecca J. Biagas, Janelda Allain, Larry TI Growth of Common Brackish Marsh Macrophytes Under Altered Hydrologic and Salinity Regimes SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Brackish marsh; Climate change; Environmental stressors; Hydrology; Plant growth; Salinity ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; JUNCUS-ROEMERIANUS SCHEELE; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SALT-MARSH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; VEGETATION CHANGE; COASTAL WETLANDS; EVERGLADES MARSHES; PLANT ZONATION AB Coastal marsh plants are increasingly subject to physicochemical stressors under rising sea levels, and the maintenance of marsh ecological functions can depend on the ability of individual species and communities to tolerate or adapt to altered conditions. We conducted a greenhouse experiment to identify hydrology and salinity effects on growth of three common brackish marsh macrophytes of coastal Florida, USA: Distichlis spicata, Juncus roemerianus, and Spartina bakeri. The species were potted as monocultures and exposed to three salinities (0, 15, or 28 psu) and two hydrologic conditions (saturated, tidal) over 22 months. Final stem density of J. roemerianus and S. bakeri did not differ among treatments. In D. spicata, however, stem density was lowest at 28 psu and lower in tidal compared to saturated conditions. Mean stem height of all species was lowest at 28 psu. Aboveground biomass of J. roemerianus was not affected by the treatments, but in D. spicata and S. bakeri it was lowest at 28 psu. Results indicated that J. roemerianus was the most adaptable species and may, therefore, be more resilient to climate-change driven stressors. However, plant-plant interactions such as interspecific competition and facilitation can alter the response of individual species to environmental factors. C1 [Howard, Rebecca J.; Biagas, Janelda; Allain, Larry] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. RP Howard, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. EM howardr@usgs.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service [401818 N511] FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through Intra-Agency Agreement 401818 N511. We appreciate the assistance of Nicole Cormier, Andrew From, Sergio Merino, and Thomas Michot during data collection, and Darren Johnson for conducting statistical analyses. Constructive comments from Camille Stagg and two anonymous reviewers helped improve this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD FEB PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 11 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s13157-015-0711-x PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DI6XR UT WOS:000373644000002 ER PT J AU Sloey, TM Howard, RJ Hester, MW AF Sloey, Taylor M. Howard, Rebecca J. Hester, Mark W. TI Response of Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus californicus at Different Life-History Stages to Hydrologic Regime SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Aerenchyma; Flooding; Hydrologic regime; Soil reduction; Stem strength ID SALT-MARSH PLANTS; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; WETLAND; GERMINATION; SUBMERGENCE; COMMUNITIES; STRATEGIES; SALINITY; SURVIVAL; ESTUARY AB For wetland restoration success to be maximized, restoration managers need better information regarding how the frequency, depth, and duration of flooding affect soil chemistry and the survival, growth, and morphology of targeted plant species. In a greenhouse study we investigated the impact of four different flooding durations (0 %, 40 %, 60 %, and 100 %) on soil physicochemistry and the responses of seedlings and adults of two species of emergent wetland macrophytes commonly used in restoration efforts (Schoenoplectus acutus and Schoenoplectus californicus). The longest flooding duration, which created more reducing soil conditions, resulted in significantly reduced survival of S. acutus adults (34 +/- 21% survival) and complete mortality of seedlings of both species. Schoenoplectus californicus adults exhibited higher flooding tolerance, showing little impact of flooding on morphology and physiology. A companion field study indicated that S. californicus maintained stem strength regardless of flooding duration or depth, supporting the greenhouse study results. This information serves to improve our understanding of the ecological differences between these species as well as provide restoration managers with better guidelines for targeted elevation and hydrologic regimes for these species in order to enhance the success of restoration plantings and better predict restoration site development. C1 [Sloey, Taylor M.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Coastal Plant Ecol Lab, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Howard, Rebecca J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA USA. [Hester, Mark W.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Inst Coastal & Water Res, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. RP Sloey, TM (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Coastal Plant Ecol Lab, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. EM taylorsloey@gmail.com FU Society of Wetland Scientists' student research grant program FX Funding for this study was partially provided by the Society of Wetland Scientists' student research grant program. Our sincere thanks is extended to members of the Coastal Plant Ecology Laboratory at the University of Louisiana at Lafayette, the National Wetlands Research Center in Lafayette, LA, and Drs. Dennis Albert and Dan Cox of Oregon State University. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD FEB PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 37 EP 46 DI 10.1007/s13157-015-0713-8 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DI6XR UT WOS:000373644000004 ER PT J AU Reeves, RA Pierce, CL Smalling, KL Klaver, RW Vandever, MW Battaglin, WA Muths, E AF Reeves, Rebecca A. Pierce, Clay L. Smalling, Kelly L. Klaver, Robert W. Vandever, Mark W. Battaglin, William A. Muths, Erin TI Restored Agricultural Wetlands in central Iowa: Habitat Quality and Amphibian Response SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Lithobates pipiens; Mark-recapture; Fluctuating asymmetry; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Hydroperiod; Nitrate ID BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; SPECIES RICHNESS; RANA-PIPIENS; COMMUNITIES; FROG; POPULATIONS; STRESSORS; PATHOGEN; DECLINES; CAPTURE AB Amphibians are declining throughout the United States and worldwide due, partly, to habitat loss. Conservation practices on the landscape restore wetlands to denitrify tile drainage effluent and restore ecosystem services. Understanding how water quality, hydroperiod, predation, and disease affect amphibians in restored wetlands is central to maintaining healthy amphibian populations in the region. We examined the quality of amphibian habitat in restored wetlands relative to reference wetlands by comparing species richness, developmental stress, and adult leopard frog (Lithobates pipiens) survival probabilities to a suite of environmental metrics. Although measured habitat variables differed between restored and reference wetlands, differences appeared to have sub-lethal rather than lethal effects on resident amphibian populations. There were few differences in amphibian species richness and no difference in estimated survival probabilities between wetland types. Restored wetlands had more nitrate and alkaline pH, longer hydroperiods, and were deeper, whereas reference wetlands had more amphibian chytrid fungus zoospores in water samples and resident amphibians exhibited increased developmental stress. Restored and reference wetlands are both important components of the landscape in central Iowa and maintaining a complex of fish-free wetlands with a variety of hydroperiods will likely contribute to the persistence of amphibians in this landscape. C1 [Reeves, Rebecca A.] Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Pierce, Clay L.; Klaver, Robert W.] Iowa State Univ, US Geol Survey, Iowa Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ames, IA 50011 USA. [Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. [Vandever, Mark W.; Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Battaglin, William A.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Reeves, Rebecca A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 72,800 Great Creek Rd, Oceanville, NJ 08213 USA. RP Reeves, RA (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Ames, IA 50011 USA.; Reeves, RA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, POB 72,800 Great Creek Rd, Oceanville, NJ 08213 USA. EM rebecca.reeves.88@gmail.com FU Fort Collins Science Center; Iowa State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) [3-12-7324-D] FX This project was funded by the Fort Collins Science Center as a part of ongoing technical assistance given to the USDA Farm Service Agency and the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). The authors thank L. Bailey, T. Grant, D. Otis, D. Green, D. Cook, J. Niemi, S. Richmond, M. Lechtenberg, M. McWayne, C. Sanders and M. Hladik for helpful advice and comments, J. Oberheim-Vorwald, K. Edmunds, L. Truong, J. Harmon, and K. Flood for help in the field, and the landowners that allowed us access to their land. Exact wetland locations are proprietary and we obtained written permission for access to wetlands from all landowners and public land managers prior to the start of sampling. This study was performed under the auspices of Iowa State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol # 3-12-7324-D, and animals were collected under state permit #SC699. This is a contribution 519 of the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). Use of trade, product, or firm names is descriptive and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 5 U2 15 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 EI 1943-6246 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD FEB PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 101 EP 110 DI 10.1007/s13157-015-0720-9 PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DI6XR UT WOS:000373644000009 ER PT J AU Howeth, JG Gantz, CA Angermeier, PL Frimpong, EA Hoff, MH Keller, RP Mandrak, NE Marchetti, MP Olden, JD Romagosa, CM Lodge, DM AF Howeth, Jennifer G. Gantz, Crysta A. Angermeier, Paul L. Frimpong, Emmanuel A. Hoff, Michael H. Keller, Reuben P. Mandrak, Nicholas E. Marchetti, Michael P. Olden, Julian D. Romagosa, Christina M. Lodge, David M. TI Predicting invasiveness of species in trade: climate match, trophic guild and fecundity influence establishment and impact of non-native freshwater fishes SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Aquarium; biological invasions; classification tree; ecological impact; establishment success; exotic species; Laurentian Great Lakes; live food; risk assessment; water garden ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; CATFISH ICTALURUS-FURCATUS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; PROPAGULE PRESSURE; NORTH-AMERICA; AQUARIUM TRADE; ALIEN FISHES AB Aim Impacts of non-native species have motivated development of risk assessment tools for identifying introduced species likely to become invasive. Here, we develop trait-based models for the establishment and impact stages of freshwater fish invasion, and use them to screen non-native species common in international trade. We also determine which species in the aquarium, biological supply, live bait, live food and water garden trades are likely to become invasive. Results are compared to historical patterns of non-native fish establishment to assess the relative importance over time of pathways in causing invasions. Location Laurentian Great Lakes region. Methods Trait-based classification trees for the establishment and impact stages of invasion were developed from data on freshwater fish species that established or failed to establish in the Great Lakes. Fishes in trade were determined from import data from Canadian and United States regulatory agencies, assigned to specific trades and screened through the developed models. Results Climate match between a species' native range and the Great Lakes region predicted establishment success with 75-81% accuracy. Trophic guild and fecundity predicted potential harmful impacts of established non-native fishes with 75-83% accuracy. Screening outcomes suggest the water garden trade poses the greatest risk of introducing new invasive species, followed by the live food and aquarium trades. Analysis of historical patterns of introduction pathways demonstrates the increasing importance of these trades relative to other pathways. Comparisons among trades reveal that model predictions parallel historical patterns; all fishes previously introduced from the water garden trade have established. The live bait, biological supply, aquarium and live food trades have also contributed established non-native fishes. Main conclusions Our models predict invasion risk of potential fish invaders to the Great Lakes region and could help managers prioritize efforts among species and pathways to minimize such risk. Similar approaches could be applied to other taxonomic groups and geographic regions. C1 [Howeth, Jennifer G.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Gantz, Crysta A.; Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Gantz, Crysta A.; Lodge, David M.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame Environm Change Initiat, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Angermeier, Paul L.; Frimpong, Emmanuel A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hoff, Michael H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fisheries Program, Bloomington, MN 55437 USA. [Keller, Reuben P.] Loyola Univ, Inst Environm Sustainabil, Chicago, IL 60660 USA. [Mandrak, Nicholas E.] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Biol Sci, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada. [Marchetti, Michael P.] St Marys Coll Calif, Dept Biol, Moraga, CA 94556 USA. [Olden, Julian D.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Romagosa, Christina M.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Howeth, JG (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Biol Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM jghoweth@ua.edu FU EPA GLRI via USFWS [30181AJ261]; NOAA CSCOR [NA09NOS4780192, NA10NOS4780218]; USGS; Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; Wildlife Management Institute FX EPA GLRI funded this work via USFWS award 30181AJ261. NOAA CSCOR awards NA09NOS4780192, NA10NOS4780218 provided additional financial support and improved the project via interactions with managers serving on the Management Transition Board. The Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the USGS, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and Wildlife Management Institute. Use of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. This is a publication of the Notre Dame Environmental Change Initiative. NR 78 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 148 EP 160 DI 10.1111/ddi.12391 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DH6DX UT WOS:000372882300003 ER PT J AU Stewart, DR Walters, AW Rahel, FJ AF Stewart, David R. Walters, Annika W. Rahel, Frank J. TI Landscape-scale determinants of native and non-native Great Plains fish distributions SO DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTIONS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian multilevel models; landscape-scale factors; native and non-native fish species richness; reproductive guild ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; SPECIES INVASIONS; MISSOURI RIVER; UNITED-STATES; STREAM; GRADIENTS; TROUT; BIOGEOGRAPHY; DISTURBANCE; ABUNDANCE AB Aim Landscape-scale factors may have differential effects on the distribution of native and non-native fishes and may help explain invasion success and species declines. Location Great Plains, Wyoming, USA Methods We used hierarchical Bayesian mixture models and constrained ordination techniques to evaluate associations between landscape-scale factors on native and non-native fish species richness, reproductive guilds and individual species distributions. Results Predicted responses between landscape-scale factors and native and non-native fish species richness were similar, except non-native fish species richness that was positively associated with density of oil and gas wells. Nonnative fish species richness was also positively associated with native fish species richness. Spawning guild composition differed between native and non-native fishes. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed that the most abundant non-native and only a few native species were positively associated with oil and gas wells. Main conclusions The similar relationships between native and non-native fish species richness are likely evidence that they share similar ecological rules, which supports that non-native species become naturalized and they may be affected by the same environmental factors that determine distribution of native species. C1 [Stewart, David R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Walters, Annika W.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Rahel, Frank J.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Stewart, DR (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM dstewa11@uwyo.edu FU Wyoming Game and Fish Department FX We thank Dr. Shannon Brewer, Andrew Taylor and the anonymous reviewers for providing comments that greatly improved this manuscript. Financial support for this publication was provided by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department. The Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is a cooperation among University of Wyoming, Wyoming Game and Fish Department, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1366-9516 EI 1472-4642 J9 DIVERS DISTRIB JI Divers. Distrib. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 225 EP 238 DI 10.1111/ddi.12383 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DH6DX UT WOS:000372882300009 ER PT J AU Torregrosa, A Combs, C Peters, J AF Torregrosa, Alicia Combs, Cindy Peters, Jeff TI GOES-derived fog and low cloud indices for coastal north and central California ecological analyses SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE fog; stratocumulus; coastal process; marine stratus; Mediterranean climate; coastal ecosystem ID CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; WEST-COAST; SUMMER FOG; REDWOOD FOREST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; WATER FLUXES; MARINE FOG; ECOSYSTEMS; PACIFIC AB Fog and low cloud cover (FLCC) strongly influences the water, energy, and nutrient flux of coastal ecosystems. Easy-to-use FLCC data are needed to quantify the impacts of FLCC on ecosystem dynamics especially during hot and dry Mediterranean climate summers. Monthly, annual, and decadal FLCC digital maps (indices) were derived for June-September 1999-2009 for coastal California, latitude 34.50 degrees N (south of Monterey Bay) to latitude 41.95 degrees N (north of Crescent City) from 26,000 hourly night and day Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES) images. Monthly average FLCC ranges from <2 to 18hours per day (h/d). Average FLCC over the ocean increases from north (9h/d) to south (14h/d), whereas on land, FLCC is highest where land juts into the prevailing NW winds and is lowest in the lee of major capes. FLCC advects farthest inland through low-lying NW ocean-facing valleys. At night, average total hours of FLCC are higher more frequently on land than over the ocean. The interannual FLCC coefficient of variation shows long-term geographic stability that is strongly associated with landform position. FLCC hours per day mapped contours, derived from decadal average FLCC, delineate the commonly used term fog belt into FLCC zones with increased locational precision. FLCC indices are available for download from the California Landscape Conservation Cooperative Climate Commons website (). FLCC indices can improve analyses of biogeographic and bioclimatic species distribution models; understanding meteorological mechanisms driving FLCC patterns; solar energy feasibility studies; investigations of ecohydrology, evapotranspiration, and agricultural irrigation demand; and viticulture ripening models. C1 [Torregrosa, Alicia; Peters, Jeff] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Combs, Cindy] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Torregrosa, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM atorregrosa@usgs.gov OI Torregrosa, Alicia/0000-0001-7361-2241 NR 107 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2333-5084 J9 Earth Space Sci JI Earth Space Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 3 IS 2 BP 46 EP 67 DI 10.1002/2015EA000119 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DH4BO UT WOS:000372730700002 ER PT J AU Gonzalez, FJ Somoza, L Hein, JR Medialdea, T Leon, R Urgorri, V Reyes, J Martin-Rubi, JA AF Javier Gonzalez, Francisco Somoza, Luis Hein, James R. Medialdea, Teresa Leon, Ricardo Urgorri, Victoriano Reyes, Jesus Antonio Martin-Rubi, Juan TI Phosphorites, Co-rich Mn nodules, and Fe-Mn crusts from Galicia Bank, NE Atlantic: Reflections of Cenozoic tectonics and paleoceanography SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE ferromanganese nodules and crusts; phosphorite; strategic metals; Atlantic Ocean; Iberian continental margin; greenhouse; icehouse-Earth; fluid venting ID RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; MARINE FERROMANGANESE CRUSTS; IBERIAN CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; CENTRAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; NORTH-ATLANTIC; CLIMATE TRANSITION; MANGANESE NODULES; WATER MASSES; GEOCHEMISTRY; DEPOSITS AB A wide variety of marine mineral deposits were recovered from 750 to 1400 m water depths on Galicia Bank, Iberian margin. Mineral deposits include: (1) carbonate fluorapatite phosphorite slabs and nodules that replaced limestone and preserved original protolith fabric. (2) Ferromanganese vernadite crusts with high Mn and Fe (Mn/Fe=1) contents, and thick stratabound layers consisting mainly of Mn (up to 27% MnO) and Fe (15% Fe2O3), which impregnated and replaced the phosphorite. (3) Co-rich Mn nodules are composed of romanechite and todorokite laminae. Mn-rich layers (up to 58% MnO) contain up to 1.8% Co. (4) Goethite nodules with Fe up to 67% Fe2O3 have low Mn and trace metals. We interpret this mineralization paragenesis to be related to major changes in oceanographic and tectonic regimes. Three phosphatization generations formed hardgrounds dated by Sr-87/Sr-86 isotopes as late Oligocene, early Miocene, and latest early Miocene. During the latest early Miocene, the hardground was fractured and breached due to regional intraplate tectonism, which was coeval with a widespread regional erosional unconformity. The stratabound layers and Co-rich manganese nodules were derived from low-temperature geothermally driven hydrothermal fluids, with fluid conduits along reactivated faults. During middle and late Miocene, the introduction of vigorous deep water flow from the Arctic generated growth of hydrogenetic ferromanganese crusts. Finally, growth of diagenetic Fe-rich nodules (late Pliocene) was promoted by the introduction of hypersaline Mediterranean Outflow Water into the Atlantic Ocean. C1 [Javier Gonzalez, Francisco; Somoza, Luis; Medialdea, Teresa; Leon, Ricardo; Reyes, Jesus; Antonio Martin-Rubi, Juan] IGME, Geol Survey Spain, Madrid, Spain. [Hein, James R.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Urgorri, Victoriano] Univ Santiago Compostela, Estn Biol Marina Grana, Ferrol, Spain. RP Gonzalez, FJ (reprint author), IGME, Geol Survey Spain, Madrid, Spain. EM fj.gonzalez@igme.es RI Gonzalez, F. Javier/C-1416-2010; Somoza, Luis/C-1400-2010; Leon, Ricardo/G-8314-2015; Medialdea, Teresa/G-2647-2015 OI Gonzalez, F. Javier/0000-0002-6311-1950; Somoza, Luis/0000-0001-5451-2288; Leon, Ricardo/0000-0001-5598-0710; Medialdea, Teresa/0000-0002-7969-5751 FU Spanish project DIVA-ARTABRIA II [PGIDIT07PXB000120PR]; Spanish project CONTOURIBER [CTM 2008-06399-C04/MAR]; Spanish project ERGAP [VEM 2003-20093-CO3]; Spanish project SUBVENT [CGL2012-39524-C02]; European project EMODnet-Geology [2012/S96-158476] FX This work has been supported by the Spanish projects DIVA-ARTABRIA II (PGIDIT07PXB000120PR), CONTOURIBER (CTM 2008-06399-C04/MAR), ERGAP (VEM 2003-20093-CO3), and SUBVENT (CGL2012-39524-C02) and the European project EMODnet-Geology (2012/S96-158476). The authors thank all the scientific and technical staff who participated in the oceanographic cruises of the DIVA-ARTABRIA and ERGAP projects onboard the R/V Sarmiento de Gamboa and R/V LAtalante for data acquisition and for their expertise in collecting the samples. We also thank the staff of the "Estacion de Bioloxia Marina da Grana'' at the Santiago de Compostela University (USC), "National Center of Electronic Microscopy,'' "Center of Geochronology and Isotopic Geochemistry'' at the Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Laboratories of the "Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center'' (USGS), and the Laboratories of the "Geological Survey of Spain'' (IGME) for allowing us to use their facilities. Jorge Civis and Luis Granados are grateful for their help in micropaleontological identifications. The geophysical data and samples necessary to produce this paper are available from the authors upon request (fj.gonzalez@igme.es). The materials are archived at the Geological Survey of Spain (IGME). We thank G. Filippelli and four anonimous reviews and Editors for comments that helped improve this paper. NR 113 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 17 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 1525-2027 J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 17 IS 2 BP 346 EP 374 DI 10.1002/2015GC005861 PG 29 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DH8TQ UT WOS:000373070100007 ER PT J AU Balch, W Huntington, T Aiken, G Drapeau, D Bowler, B Lubelczyk, L Butler, K AF Balch, William Huntington, Thomas Aiken, George Drapeau, David Bowler, Bruce Lubelczyk, Laura Butler, Kenna TI Toward a quantitative and empirical dissolved organic carbon budget for the Gulf of Maine, a semienclosed shelf sea SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES LA English DT Article DE dissolved organic carbon; Gulf of Maine; optical absorption; optical scattering; colored dissolved organic matter ID MIDDLE ATLANTIC BIGHT; ST-LAWRENCE-RIVER; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; UNITED-STATES; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; ABSORPTION-SPECTRA; SEASONAL-VARIATION; NEPHELOID LAYERS; OCEAN COLOR; NOVA-SCOTIA AB A time series of organic carbon export from Gulf of Maine (GoM) watersheds was compared to a time series of biological, chemical, bio-optical, and hydrographic properties, measured across the GoM between Yarmouth, NS, Canada, and Portland, ME, U.S. Optical proxies were used to quantify the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon in the GoM. The Load Estimator regression model applied to river discharge data demonstrated that riverine DOC export (and its decadal variance) has increased over the last 80years. Several extraordinarily wet years (2006-2010) resulted in a massive pulse of chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM; proxy for DOC) into the western GoM along with unidentified optically scattering material (<0.2 mu m diameter). A survey of DOC in the GoM and Scotian Shelf showed the strong influence of the Gulf of Saint Lawrence on the DOC that enters the GoM. A deep plume of CDOM-rich water was observed near the coast of Maine which decreased in concentration eastward. The Forel-Ule color scale was derived and compared to the same measurements made in 1912-1913 by Henry Bigelow. Results show that the GoM has yellowed in the last century, particularly in the region of the extension of the Eastern Maine Coastal Current. Time lags between DOC discharge and its appearance in the GoM increased with distance from the river mouths. Algae were also a significant source of DOC but not CDOM. Gulf-wide algal primary production has decreased. Increases in precipitation and DOC discharge to the GoM are predicted over the next century. C1 [Balch, William; Drapeau, David; Bowler, Bruce; Lubelczyk, Laura] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME USA. [Huntington, Thomas] US Geol Survey, Augusta, ME USA. [Aiken, George; Butler, Kenna] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA. RP Balch, W (reprint author), Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME USA. EM bbalch@bigelow.org OI Huntington, Thomas/0000-0002-9427-3530 FU NASA [NAS5-97268, NAS5-31363, NAG5-10622, NNG04Gl11G, NNG04HZ25C, NNX07AD 01G, NASA EPSCOREP-02-14, NNX08AB10G, NNX08AJ 88A, NNX10AT67G, NNX11AQ70G, NNX14AM77G, NNYH04AA661, NNH08A1571, NNX09AU89G, NNH04AA62I]; NOAA [40-AA-NE-005996]; U.S. Geological Survey funds for climate research FX We gratefully thank the captains, crews, and staff of the M/S Scotia Prince, The CAT, M/S Nova Star, R/V Connecticut, R/V Argo Maine, and F/V Ella and Sadie, who have facilitated the collection of the GNATS data set. Our work was also aided by numerous people who helped with the many GNATS cruises over the years (unless otherwise noted, these individuals are/were employees of Bigelow Laboratory): Danielle Alley, Emily Booth, Carl Boyd (Dalhousie University), Rosaline Campbell, Joaquim Goes, James Johnson, Emily Lyczkowski, Elise Olson, David Phinney, Carlton Rauschenberg, Nick Record, Bob Vaillancourt, Laura Windecker, Meredith White, and Charles Yentsch. Bill Li and staff of the Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Department of Fisheries and Oceans (Bedford, Nova Scotia) facilitated the sampling of DOC as part of an Atlantic Zone Monitoring Program cruise from Cabot Strait, the Laurentian Channel, along the east Scotian Shelf, plus Brown's Bank. The GNATS data used in this study are available from (NASA SEABASS; http://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/). Discharge and water chemistry data for gauging stations in the United States can be obtained from the National Water Information System (NWIS) online database (http://nwis.waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis/sw). Data from St. John at Mactaquac were obtained from New Brunswick Power (Michael Chiasson, dam operator). Discharge data for the St. John River at Mactaquac Dam are available from USGS digital files (Main Office of the New England Water Science Center, Augusta Maine, 04330). We gratefully acknowledge the support of NASA (biogeochemistry program) for maintaining the GNATS program since 1998 (NAS5-97268; NAS5-31363; NAG5-10622; NNG04Gl11G; NNG04HZ25C; NNX07AD 01G; NASA EPSCOREP-02-14; NNX08AB10G; NNX08AJ 88A; NNX10AT67G; NNX11AQ70G; NNX14AM77G). Additional support was generously provided by NOAA (40-AA-NE-005996). T.H. was supported by NASA grants NNYH04AA661 and NNH08A1571 and the U.S. Geological Survey funds for climate research. G.A. was supported by NASA grants NNX09AU89G and NNH04AA62I. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 89 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0886-6236 EI 1944-9224 J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle PD FEB PY 2016 VL 30 IS 2 BP 268 EP 292 DI 10.1002/2015GB005332 PG 25 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DH7HO UT WOS:000372963900012 ER PT J AU Perez-Rodriguez, I Rawls, M Coykendall, DK Foustoukos, DI AF Perez-Rodriguez, Ileana Rawls, Matthew Coykendall, D. Katharine Foustoukos, Dionysis I. TI Deferrisoma palaeochoriense sp nov., a thermophilic, iron(III)-reducing bacterium from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent in the Mediterranean Sea SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NITRATE-AMMONIFYING BACTERIUM; MID-ATLANTIC RIDGE; GEN. NOV.; FE(III)-REDUCING BACTERIUM; REDUCING BACTERIUM; MILOS ISLAND; IRON; REDUCTION; SYSTEM; INFERENCE AB A novel thermophilic, anaerobic, mixotrophic bacterium, designated strain MAG-PB1(T), was isolated from a shallow-water hydrothermal vent system in Palaeochori Bay off the coast of the island of Milos, Greece. The cells were Gram-negative, rugose, short rods, approximately 1.0 mu m long and 0.5 mu m wide. Strain MAG-PB1(T) grew at 30-70 degrees C (optimum 60 degrees C), 0-50 g NaCl l(-1) (optimum 15-20 g l(-1)) and pH 5.5-8.0 (optimum pH 6.0). Generation time under optimal conditions was 2.5 h. Optimal growth occurred under chemolithoautotrophic conditions with H-2 as the energy source and CO2 as the carbon source. Fe(III), Mn(IV), arsenate and selenate were used as electron acceptors. Peptone, tryptone, Casamino acids, sucrose, yeast extract, D-fructose, alpha-D-glucose and (-)-D-arabinose also served as electron donors. No growth occurred in the presence of lactate or formate. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 66.7 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence indicated that this organism is closely related to Deferrisoma camini, the first species of a recently described genus in the Deltaproteobacteria. Based on the 16S rRNA gene phylogenetic analysis and on physiological, biochemical and structural characteristics, the strain was found to represent a novel species, for which the name Deferrisoma palaeochoriense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MAG-PB1(T) (=JCM 30394(T)=DSM 29363(T)). C1 [Perez-Rodriguez, Ileana; Rawls, Matthew; Foustoukos, Dionysis I.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. [Rawls, Matthew] George Mason Univ, Dept Ocean Atmospher & Earth Sci, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Coykendall, D. Katharine] US Geol Survey, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Perez-Rodriguez, I (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA. EM ileperez@carnegiescience.edu FU NSF-OCE grant [1123871]; postdoctoral fellowship of the Geophysical Laboratory; postdoctoral fellowship of the NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI); Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations (C-DEBI) [292] FX We thank Dr Stefan Sievert, Dr Costantino Vetriani, Dr Donato Giovannelli and Phil Arevalo for performing the scuba diving operations at Milos. We also thank Dr John Armstrong and Paul Goldey for their assistance with SEM imaging. We thank Dr Cheryl Morrison and Dr Deb Iwanowicz for lab assistance with molecular analyses and Dr Eric Nawrocki for invaluable technical computational assistance. This work was supported by NSF-OCE grant 1123871 to D. I. F. and by postdoctoral fellowships of the Geophysical Laboratory, NASA Astrobiology Institute (NAI) and the Center for Dark Energy Biosphere Investigations (C-DEBI contribution 292) to I. P.-R. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 EI 1466-5034 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 66 BP 830 EP 836 DI 10.1099/ijsem.0.000798 PN 2 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA DG8LM UT WOS:000372335600046 PM 26610851 ER PT J AU Petrie, MD Brunsell, NA Vargas, R Collins, SL Flanagan, LB Hanan, NP Litvak, ME Suyker, AE AF Petrie, M. D. Brunsell, N. A. Vargas, R. Collins, S. L. Flanagan, L. B. Hanan, N. P. Litvak, M. E. Suyker, A. E. TI The sensitivity of carbon exchanges in Great Plains grasslands to precipitation variability SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article DE grasslands; Great Plains; carbon cycling; precipitation variability ID NET ECOSYSTEM EXCHANGE; NORTHERN TEMPERATE GRASSLAND; SMALL RAINFALL EVENTS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; DIOXIDE FLUXES; UNITED-STATES; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; GLOBAL DESERTIFICATION; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; AMERICAN GRASSLANDS AB In the Great Plains, grassland carbon dynamics differ across broad gradients of precipitation and temperature, yet finer-scale variation in these variables may also affect grassland processes. Despite the importance of grasslands, there is little information on how fine-scale relationships compare between them regionally. We compared grassland C exchanges, energy partitioning and precipitation variability in eight sites in the eastern and western Great Plains using eddy covariance and meteorological data. During our study, both eastern and western grasslands varied between an average net carbon sink and a net source. Eastern grasslands had a moderate vapor pressure deficit (VPD=0.95kPa) and high growing season gross primary productivity (GPP=1010218gCm(-2)yr(-1)). Western grasslands had a growing season with higher VPD (1.43kPa) and lower GPP (360127gCm(-2)yr(-1)). Western grasslands were sensitive to precipitation at daily timescales, whereas eastern grasslands were sensitive at monthly and seasonal timescales. Our results support the expectation that C exchanges in these grasslands differ as a result of varying precipitation regimes. Because eastern grasslands are less influenced by short-term variability in rainfall than western grasslands, the effects of precipitation change are likely to be more predictable in eastern grasslands because the timescales of variability that must be resolved are relatively longer. We postulate increasing regional heterogeneity in grassland C exchanges in the Great Plains in coming decades. C1 [Petrie, M. D.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Petrie, M. D.] USGS Colorado Plateau Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Brunsell, N. A.] Univ Kansas, Dept Geog & Atmospher Sci, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Vargas, R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA. [Collins, S. L.; Litvak, M. E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Flanagan, L. B.] Univ Lethbridge, Dept Biol Sci, Lethbridge, AB T1K 3M4, Canada. [Hanan, N. P.] SDSC, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD USA. [Suyker, A. E.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Petrie, MD (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.; Petrie, MD (reprint author), USGS Colorado Plateau Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ USA. EM mpetrie@usgs.gov RI Collins, Scott/P-7742-2014; Vargas, Rodrigo/C-4720-2008; OI Collins, Scott/0000-0002-0193-2892; Vargas, Rodrigo/0000-0001-6829-5333; Hanan, Niall/0000-0002-9130-5306 FU LTER program at the Konza Prairie Biological Station [DEB-0823341]; US-KON; US-KFS Ameriflux; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; U.S. Department of Agriculture [2014-67003-22070]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2014-05882]; Sevilleta LTER program; NASA; Core Ameriflux Site FX We thank site data managers for their data and for feedback on the manuscript. This work is part of the North American Carbon Program. N.A.B. acknowledges support from the LTER program at the Konza Prairie Biological Station (DEB-0823341). In addition, the US-KON and US-KFS Ameriflux sites are sponsored as a portion of the Konza Core Ameriflux Site by the U.S. Department of Energy under a subcontract from DE-AC02-05CH11231. R.V. and N.A.B. acknowledge support from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (2014-67003-22070). N.P.H. acknowledges support from DOE-NIGEC (26-6223-7230-002) for measurements at SGS. L.B.F. acknowledges funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada Discovery grant program (RGPIN-2014-05882). M.L. acknowledges funding from the Sevilleta LTER program, NASA, and support as a Core Ameriflux Site. The data used in this manuscript are available from the AmeriFlux network (http://ameriflux.lbl.gov/) or directly from site investigators. NR 80 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 25 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-8953 EI 2169-8961 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 280 EP 294 DI 10.1002/2015JG003205 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DI0OT UT WOS:000373197300003 ER PT J AU Minsley, BJ Pastick, NJ Wylie, BK Brown, DRN Kass, MA AF Minsley, Burke J. Pastick, Neal J. Wylie, Bruce K. Brown, Dana R. N. Kass, M. Andy TI Evidence for nonuniform permafrost degradation after fire in boreal landscapes SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE LA English DT Article DE permafrost; fire; geophysics; remote sensing; boreal forest ID NEAR-SURFACE PERMAFROST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNFROZEN WATER; CARBON FEEDBACK; ALASKA; VULNERABILITY; FORESTS; NMR; PEATLANDS; NITROGEN AB Fire can be a significant driver of permafrost change in boreal landscapes, altering the availability of soil carbon and nutrients that have important implications for future climate and ecological succession. However, not all landscapes are equally susceptible to fire-induced change. As fire frequency is expected to increase in the high latitudes, methods to understand the vulnerability and resilience of different landscapes to permafrost degradation are needed. We present a combination of multiscale remote sensing, geophysical, and field observations that reveal details of both near-surface (<1m) and deeper (>1m) impacts of fire on permafrost. Along 11 transects that span burned-unburned boundaries in different landscape settings within interior Alaska, subsurface electrical resistivity and nuclear magnetic resonance data indicate locations where permafrost appears to be resilient to disturbance from fire, areas where warm permafrost conditions exist that may be most vulnerable to future change, and also areas where permafrost has thawed. High-resolution geophysical data corroborate remote sensing interpretations of near-surface permafrost and also add new high-fidelity details of spatial heterogeneity that extend from the shallow subsurface to depths of about 10m. Results show that postfire impacts on permafrost can be variable and depend on multiple factors such as fire severity, soil texture, soil moisture, and time since fire. C1 [Minsley, Burke J.; Kass, M. Andy] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Pastick, Neal J.] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Pastick, Neal J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA. [Wylie, Bruce K.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Brown, Dana R. N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Brown, Dana R. N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Minsley, BJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM bminsley@usgs.gov OI Minsley, Burke/0000-0003-1689-1306; Wylie, Bruce/0000-0002-7374-1083 FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change Science Program's LandCarbon project; USGS [G08PC91508]; Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area through the Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit FX We thank Amy Marsh for help with field data collection. Research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change Science Program's LandCarbon project (Z. Zhu Project Chief). A portion of this work was performed under USGS contract G08PC91508. Additional funding was provided by the Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area through the Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. The Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program provided in-kind support and access to their research site. We thank Mark Waldrop and two anonymous journal reviewers for their input on this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Data will be made available through the USGS ScienceBase catalog at . NR 60 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 7 U2 14 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9003 EI 2169-9011 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 320 EP 335 DI 10.1002/2015JF003781 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DH6UU UT WOS:000372928400008 ER PT J AU Wolpert, RL Ogburn, SE Calder, ES AF Wolpert, Robert L. Ogburn, Sarah E. Calder, Eliza S. TI The longevity of lava dome eruptions SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE duration; dome collapse; objective Bayes ID POSTERIOR DISTRIBUTIONS; MARKOV-CHAINS; BEHAVIOR; MODELS AB Understanding the duration of past, ongoing, and future volcanic eruptions is an important scientific goal and a key societal need. We present a new methodology for forecasting the duration of ongoing and future lava dome eruptions based on a database (DomeHaz) recently compiled by the authors. The database includes duration and composition for 177 such eruptions, with eruption defined as the period encompassing individual episodes of dome growth along with associated quiescent periods during which extrusion pauses but unrest continues. In a key finding, we show that probability distributions for dome eruption durations are both heavy tailed and composition dependent. We construct objective Bayesian statistical models featuring heavy-tailed Generalized Pareto distributions with composition-specific parameters to make forecasts about the durations of new and ongoing eruptions that depend on both eruption duration to date and composition. Our Bayesian predictive distributions reflect both uncertainty about model parameter values (epistemic uncertainty) and the natural variability of the geologic processes (aleatoric uncertainty). The results are illustrated by presenting likely trajectories for 14 dome-building eruptions ongoing in 2015. Full representation of the uncertainty is presented for two key eruptions, Soufriere Hills Volcano in Montserrat (10-139years, median 35years) and Sinabung, Indonesia (1-17years, median 4years). Uncertainties are high but, importantly, quantifiable. This work provides for the first time a quantitative and transferable method and rationale on which to base long-term planning decisions for lava dome-forming volcanoes, with wide potential use and transferability to forecasts of other types of eruptions and other adverse events across the geohazard spectrum. C1 [Wolpert, Robert L.] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC USA. [Ogburn, Sarah E.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Geol, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Ogburn, Sarah E.] Cascades Volcano Observ, USGS & USAID Volcano Disaster Assistance Program, Vancouver, WA USA. [Calder, Eliza S.] Univ Edinburgh, Sch Geosci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Wolpert, RL (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC USA. EM wolpert@stat.duke.edu FU U.S. National Science Foundation [DMS-1228317, DMS-1228217, EAR-0809543] FX All data used for this analysis were taken from the DomeHaz database [Ogburn et al., 2012]. The authors would like to thank R.S.J. Sparks and W.P. Aspinall for helpful conversations, the staff of the Montserrat Volcano Observatory for hospitality and encouragement, and two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions. This work was supported in part by U.S. National Science Foundation grants DMS-1228317, DMS-1228217, and EAR-0809543. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 676 EP 686 DI 10.1002/2015JB012435 PG 11 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DH8ZC UT WOS:000373084400015 ER PT J AU Beeler, NM Hirth, G Thomas, A Burgmann, R AF Beeler, N. M. Hirth, Greg Thomas, Amanda Buergmann, Roland TI Effective stress, friction, and deep crustal faulting SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE friction; brittle-ductile transition; effective pressure ID LOW-FREQUENCY EARTHQUAKES; CASCADIA SUBDUCTION ZONE; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; SLOW SLIP EVENTS; FLUID PRESSURE; NONVOLCANIC TREMOR; CRYSTALLINE ROCKS; NORTHERN CASCADIA; TIDAL MODULATION; UPPER-MANTLE AB Studies of crustal faulting and rock friction invariably assume the effective normal stress that determines fault shear resistance during frictional sliding is the applied normal stress minus the pore pressure. Here we propose an expression for the effective stress coefficient (f) at temperatures and stresses near the brittle-ductile transition (BDT) that depends on the percentage of solid-solid contact area across the fault. (f) varies with depth and is only near 1 when the yield strength of asperity contacts greatly exceeds the applied normal stress. For a vertical strike-slip quartz fault zone at hydrostatic pore pressure and assuming 1mm and 1km shear zone widths for friction and ductile shear, respectively, the BDT is at similar to 13km. (f) near 1 is restricted to depths where the shear zone is narrow. Below the BDT (f)=0 is due to a dramatically decreased strain rate. Under these circumstances friction cannot be reactivated below the BDT by increasing the pore pressure alone and requires localization. If pore pressure increases and the fault localizes back to 1mm, then brittle behavior can occur to a depth of around 35km. The interdependencies among effective stress, contact-scale strain rate, and pore pressure allow estimates of the conditions necessary for deep low-frequency seismicity seen on the San Andreas near Parkfield and in some subduction zones. Among the implications are that shear in the region separating shallow earthquakes and deep low-frequency seismicity is distributed and that the deeper zone involves both elevated pore fluid pressure and localization. C1 [Beeler, N. M.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA. [Hirth, Greg] Brown Univ, Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Thomas, Amanda] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Buergmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Beeler, NM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA USA. EM nbeeler@usgs.gov FU Southern California Earthquake Center [12153]; NSF [EAR-0529922]; USGS [07HQAG0008] FX There is no unpublished data in this paper. Access to the published data used in Figures 4 and 5 along with additional details of the calculations is available from the corresponding author (N.M.B.). A number of helpful discussions of effective stress with Jim Rice, John D. Platt, Teng-fong Wong, and David Lockner are gratefully acknowledged. Teng-fong suggested the bounds used in equation (4) and the need to consider the percolation threshold. David pointed out issues with assuming nonwetted grain boundaries. Josh Taron and Ole Kaven of the USGS, and JGR referees Teng-fong Wong and Toshi Shimamoto provided reviews that significantly improved the manuscript. Thanks to the Associate Editor Alex Schubnel for assistance beyond the call in obtaining the journal reviews. This work was supported in part by a grant 12153 from the Southern California Earthquake Center to Brown University. SCEC is presently funded by NSF Cooperative Agreement EAR-0529922 and USGS Cooperative Agreement 07HQAG0008. The SCEC contribution for this paper is 1971. NR 109 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 21 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1040 EP 1059 DI 10.1002/2015JB012115 PG 20 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DH8ZC UT WOS:000373084400035 ER PT J AU DuRoss, CB Personius, SF Crone, AJ Olig, SS Hylland, MD Lund, WR Schwartz, DP AF DuRoss, Christopher B. Personius, Stephen F. Crone, Anthony J. Olig, Susan S. Hylland, Michael D. Lund, William R. Schwartz, David P. TI Fault segmentation: New concepts from the Wasatch Fault Zone, Utah, USA SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH LA English DT Article DE normal fault; paleoseismology; segmentation; surface rupture; earthquake; Wasatch fault ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; SEISMIC-HAZARD ANALYSIS; BORAH PEAK EARTHQUAKE; LOST RIVER FAULT; SURFACE RUPTURE; CENTRAL APENNINES; RANGE PROVINCE; POINT MEASUREMENTS; CENTRAL IDAHO; DISPLACEMENT AB The question of whether structural segment boundaries along multisegment normal faults such as the Wasatch fault zone (WFZ) act as persistent barriers to rupture is critical to seismic hazard analyses. We synthesized late Holocene paleoseismic data from 20 trench sites along the central WFZ to evaluate earthquake rupture length and fault segmentation. For the youngest (<3ka) and best-constrained earthquakes, differences in earthquake timing across prominent primary segment boundaries, especially for the most recent earthquakes on the north-central WFZ, are consistent with segment-controlled ruptures. However, broadly constrained earthquake times, dissimilar event times along the segments, the presence of smaller-scale (subsegment) boundaries, and areas of complex faulting permit partial-segment and multisegment (e.g., spillover) ruptures that are shorter (similar to 20-40km) or longer (similar to 60-100km) than the primary segment lengths (35-59km). We report a segmented WFZ model that includes 24 earthquakes since similar to 7ka and yields mean estimates of recurrence (1.1-1.3kyr) and vertical slip rate (1.3-2.0mm/yr) for the segments. However, additional rupture scenarios that include segment boundary spatial uncertainties, floating earthquakes, and multisegment ruptures are necessary to fully address epistemic uncertainties in rupture length. We compare the central WFZ to paleoseismic and historical surface ruptures in the Basin and Range Province and central Italian Apennines and conclude that displacement profiles have limited value for assessing the persistence of segment boundaries but can aid in interpreting prehistoric spillover ruptures. Our comparison also suggests that the probabilities of shorter and longer ruptures on the WFZ need to be investigated. C1 [DuRoss, Christopher B.; Personius, Stephen F.; Crone, Anthony J.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA. [Olig, Susan S.] Olig Seism Geol Inc, Martinez, CA USA. [Olig, Susan S.] URS Corp, Seism Hazards Grp, Oakland, CA USA. [Hylland, Michael D.] Utah Geol Survey, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Lund, William R.] Utah Geol Survey, Cedar City, UT USA. [Schwartz, David P.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP DuRoss, CB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA. EM cduross@usgs.gov FU National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program; URS Corporation FX This work was motivated by the Wasatch fault source characterization conducted by the Working Group on Utah Earthquake Probabilities and supported in part by National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program grants to the Utah Geological Survey and URS Corporation. Paleoseismic data supporting our conclusions can be found in the references and tables. We wish to thank Rich Briggs, Ryan Gold, Daniela Pantosti, and Nathan Toke for constructive reviews. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 102 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-9313 EI 2169-9356 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth PD FEB PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 1131 EP 1157 DI 10.1002/2015JB012519 PG 27 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DH8ZC UT WOS:000373084400040 ER PT J AU Kurylyk, BL Hayashi, M Quinton, WL McKenzie, JM Voss, CI AF Kurylyk, Barret L. Hayashi, Masaki Quinton, William L. McKenzie, Jeffrey M. Voss, Clifford I. TI Influence of vertical and lateral heat transfer on permafrost thaw, peatland landscape transition, and groundwater flow SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE heat advection; soil freeze-thaw; landscape evolution; climate change; groundwater; peatland ID CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; TALIK EVOLUTION; POROUS-MEDIA; ACTIVE-LAYER; FOREST LOSS; ALASKA USA; BASIN; WATER; CANADA; TEMPERATURE AB Recent climate change has reduced the spatial extent and thickness of permafrost in many discontinuous permafrost regions. Rapid permafrost thaw is producing distinct landscape changes in the Taiga Plains of the Northwest Territories, Canada. As permafrost bodies underlying forested peat plateaus shrink, the landscape slowly transitions into unforested wetlands. The expansion of wetlands has enhanced the hydrologic connectivity of many watersheds via new surface and near-surface flow paths, and increased streamflow has been observed. Furthermore, the decrease in forested peat plateaus results in a net loss of boreal forest and associated ecosystems. This study investigates fundamental processes that contribute to permafrost thaw by comparing observed and simulated thaw development and landscape transition of a peat plateau-wetland complex in the Northwest Territories, Canada from 1970 to 2012. Measured climate data are first used to drive surface energy balance simulations for the wetland and peat plateau. Near-surface soil temperatures simulated in the surface energy balance model are then applied as the upper boundary condition to a three-dimensional model of subsurface water flow and coupled energy transport with freeze-thaw. Simulation results demonstrate that lateral heat transfer, which is not considered in many permafrost models, can influence permafrost thaw rates. Furthermore, the simulations indicate that landscape evolution arising from permafrost thaw acts as a positive feedback mechanism that increases the energy absorbed at the land surface and produces additional permafrost thaw. The modeling results also demonstrate that flow rates in local groundwater flow systems may be enhanced by the degradation of isolated permafrost bodies. C1 [Kurylyk, Barret L.; Hayashi, Masaki] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Quinton, William L.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Cold Reg Res Ctr, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada. [McKenzie, Jeffrey M.] McGill Univ, Earth & Planetary Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Voss, Clifford I.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Kurylyk, BL (reprint author), Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, Calgary, AB, Canada. EM barret.kurylyk@ucalgary.ca RI Hayashi, Masaki/E-2600-2012 FU Canadian Space Agency; Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; International Polar Year; Killam Trust; University of Calgary Eyes High Program FX The data presented in this paper can be made available by contacting the authors. Field data collection for this study was funded by the Canadian Space Agency, the Canadian Foundation for Climate and Atmospheric Sciences, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and International Polar Year. Yu Zhang (Natural Resources Canada) and Brendan Christensen (Worley Parsons) provided many helpful suggestions related to the NEST modeling. Alex Cannon (Pacific Climate Impacts Consortium) was helpful in obtaining the climate scenarios that were ultimately used as the basis for the simple linear warming scenarios applied in this study. Ryan Connon (Wilfrid Laurier University) provided helpful discussions related to the study site. Helpful comments from the Editor, Jean Bahr, the Associate Editor, three anonymous reviewers, and Michelle Walvoord (USGS) improved the quality of this paper. We also wish to sincerely thank the Dehcho First Nations, in particular the Liidlii Kue First Nation and the Jean-Marie River First Nation, for their support of the Scotty Creek research station. B. Kurylyk was funded from postdoctoral fellowships from the Killam Trust, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and the University of Calgary Eyes High Program. NR 86 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 21 U2 41 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1286 EP 1305 DI 10.1002/2015WR018057 PG 20 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DH9LJ UT WOS:000373117300038 ER PT J AU Burns, ER Ingebritsen, SE Manga, M Williams, CF AF Burns, Erick R. Ingebritsen, Steven E. Manga, Michael Williams, Colin F. TI Evaluating geothermal and hydrogeologic controls on regional groundwater temperature distribution SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE groundwater; geothermal; viscous heat dissipation ID MOUNTAINOUS TERRAIN; HEAT-FLOW; CASCADE RANGE; SYSTEMS; DISCHARGE; OREGON; WATER AB A one-dimensional (1-D) analytic solution is developed for heat transport through an aquifer system where the vertical temperature profile in the aquifer is nearly uniform. The general anisotropic form of the viscous heat generation term is developed for use in groundwater flow simulations. The 1-D solution is extended to more complex geometries by solving the equation for piece-wise linear or uniform properties and boundary conditions. A moderately complex example, the Eastern Snake River Plain (ESRP), is analyzed to demonstrate the use of the analytic solution for identifying important physical processes. For example, it is shown that viscous heating is variably important and that heat conduction to the land surface is a primary control on the distribution of aquifer and spring temperatures. Use of published values for all aquifer and thermal properties results in a reasonable match between simulated and measured groundwater temperatures over most of the 300 km length of the ESRP, except for geothermal heat flow into the base of the aquifer within 20 km of the Yellowstone hotspot. Previous basal heat flow measurements (approximate to 110 mW/m(2)) made beneath the ESRP aquifer were collected at distances of >50 km from the Yellowstone Plateau, but a higher basal heat flow of 150 mW/m(2) is required to match groundwater temperatures near the Plateau. The ESRP example demonstrates how the new tool can be used during preliminary analysis of a groundwater system, allowing efficient identification of the important physical processes that must be represented during more-complex 2-D and 3-D simulations of combined groundwater and heat flow. C1 [Burns, Erick R.] USGS, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA. [Ingebritsen, Steven E.] USGS, Natl Res Program, Menlo Pk, CA USA. [Manga, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Williams, Colin F.] USGS, Geol Minerals Energy & Geophys Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Burns, ER (reprint author), USGS, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA. EM eburns@usgs.gov OI Burns, Erick/0000-0002-1747-0506; Manga, Michael/0000-0003-3286-4682 FU U.S. Department of Energy-Geothermal Technologies Program; USGS Energy Resources Program; National Science Foundation [NSF EAR-1135382] FX The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions that have contributed to improve this paper. Groundwater and spring temperature measurements were downloaded from the publically accessible USGS NWIS database (downloaded from http://waterdata.usgs.gov/id/nwis/qw on 24 Sept. 2015). The Python script and all supporting input files, including data, are provided in the supporting information. Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Department of Energy-Geothermal Technologies Program and the USGS Energy Resources Program. Funding for Michael Manga was provided by the National Science Foundation (NSF EAR-1135382). Lastly, the authors would like to thank Travis McLing and colleagues for sharing early versions of their work (for example, Figure 2), allowing us to prepare and publish this manuscript in a timely manner. NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 EI 1944-7973 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 52 IS 2 BP 1328 EP 1344 DI 10.1002/2015WR018204 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DH9LJ UT WOS:000373117300040 ER PT J AU Calfee, RD Puglis, HJ Little, EE Brumbaugh, WG Mebane, CA AF Calfee, Robin D. Puglis, Holly J. Little, Edward E. Brumbaugh, William G. Mebane, Christopher A. TI Quantifying Fish Swimming Behavior in Response to Acute Exposure of Aqueous Copper Using Computer Assisted Video and Digital Image Analysis SO JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS LA English DT Article DE Neuroscience; Issue 108; Behavior; toxicity; copper; video analysis; swimming activity; digital tracking; diluter; white sturgeon; Acipenser transmontanus ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; STURGEON ACIPENSER-TRANSMONTANUS; SALMON; ZINC; STRESS; SYSTEM; CONTAMINANTS; SENSITIVITY; CADMIUM AB Behavioral responses of aquatic organisms to environmental contaminants can be precursors of other effects such as survival, growth, or reproduction. However, these responses may be subtle, and measurement can be challenging. Using juvenile white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) with copper exposures, this paper illustrates techniques used for quantifying behavioral responses using computer assisted video and digital image analysis. In previous studies severe impairments in swimming behavior were observed among early life stage white sturgeon during acute and chronic exposures to copper. Sturgeon behavior was rapidly impaired and to the extent that survival in the field would be jeopardized, as fish would be swept downstream, or readily captured by predators. The objectives of this investigation were to illustrate protocols to quantify swimming activity during a series of acute copper exposures to determine time to effect during early lifestage development, and to understand the significance of these responses relative to survival of these vulnerable early lifestage fish. With mortality being on a time continuum, determining when copper first affects swimming ability helps us to understand the implications for population level effects. The techniques used are readily adaptable to experimental designs with other organisms and stressors. C1 [Calfee, Robin D.; Puglis, Holly J.; Little, Edward E.; Brumbaugh, William G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Reston, VA 20190 USA. [Mebane, Christopher A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA. RP Calfee, RD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Reston, VA 20190 USA. EM rcalfee@usgs.gov FU Teck American Incorporated; US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 10; USEPA FX We thank the staff in the Ecology Branch, Toxicology Branch and Environmental Chemistry Branch of the U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center for technical and analytical assistance. Funding provided in part by Teck American Incorporated through an agreement with the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Region 10 with funds provided by USEPA to US Geological Survey (USGS) through the Department of Interior Central Hazmat Fund. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 1 ALEWIFE CENTER, STE 200, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02140 USA SN 1940-087X J9 JOVE-J VIS EXP JI J. Vis. Exp. PD FEB PY 2016 IS 108 AR e53477 DI 10.3791/53477 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DH0WF UT WOS:000372504100026 ER PT J AU Reidy, JL Thompson, FR Amundson, C O'Donnell, L AF Reidy, Jennifer L. Thompson, Frank R., III Amundson, Courtney O'Donnell, Lisa TI Landscape and local effects on occupancy and densities of an endangered wood-warbler in an urbanizing landscape SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Canopy cover; Central Texas; Forest type; Golden-cheeked warbler; Setophaga chrysoparia; Urban land cover ID GOLDEN-CHEEKED WARBLERS; AVIAN POINT COUNTS; SETOPHAGA-CHRYSOPARIA; DETECTION PROBABILITY; BREEDING-SEASON; POPULATION-SIZE; MIXTURE-MODELS; NEST SURVIVAL; UNITED-STATES; BIRD SURVEYS AB Context Golden-cheeked warblers (Setophaga chrysoparia), an endangered wood-warbler, breed exclusively in woodlands co-dominated by Ashe juniper (Juniperus ashei) in central Texas. Their breeding range is becoming increasingly urbanized and habitat loss and fragmentation are a main threat to the species' viability. Objectives We investigated the effects of remotely sensed local habitat and landscape attributes on point occupancy and density of warblers in an urban preserve and produced a spatially explicit density map for the preserve using model-supported relationships. Methods We conducted 1507 point-count surveys during spring 2011-2014 across Balcones Canyonlands Preserve (BCP) to evaluate warbler habitat associations and predict density of males. We used hierarchical Bayesian models to estimate multiple components of detection probability and evaluate covariate effects on detection probability, point occupancy, and density. Results Point occupancy was positively related to landscape forest cover and local canopy cover; mean occupancy was 0.83. Density was influenced more by local than landscape factors. Density increased with greater amounts of juniper and mixed forest and decreased with more open edge. There was a weak negative relationship between density and landscape urban land cover. Conclusions Landscape composition and habitat structure were important determinants of warbler occupancy and density, and the large intact patches of juniper and mixed forest on BCP ([ 2100 ha) supported a high density of warblers. Increasing urbanization and fragmentation in the surrounding landscape will likely result in lower breeding density due to loss of juniper and mixed forest and increasing urban land cover and edge. C1 [Reidy, Jennifer L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, US Forest Serv, No Res Stn, 202 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Amundson, Courtney] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [O'Donnell, Lisa] City Austin, Austin Water Util, Wildland Conservat Div, 3621 Ranch Rd 620 South, Austin, TX 78738 USA. RP Reidy, JL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM jennifer.reidy@gmail.com FU City of Austin; USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station FX We thank W. Dijak, U.S. Forest Service, and W. Simper, Travis County Natural Resources, for assisting with GIS analyses; P. Bullard, J. Edwardson, N. Flood, M. Frye, G. Geier, J. Halka, S. Stollery, and C. Weyenberg for assistance with data collection; the many BCP staff, partners, and volunteers, for collecting the territory mapping data; and G. Connette, C. Handel, R. Peak, J. Pierce, W. Reiner and two anonymous reviewers for comments on a draft of this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the City of Austin and USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 75 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 6 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-2973 EI 1572-9761 J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL JI Landsc. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 31 IS 2 BP 365 EP 382 DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0250-0 PG 18 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology GA DG8FR UT WOS:000372318900013 ER PT J AU Ding, X Kennedy, BM Evans, WC Stonestrom, DA AF Ding, Xin Kennedy, B. Mack Evans, William C. Stonestrom, David A. TI Experimental Studies and Model Analysis of Noble Gas Fractionation in Porous Media SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Complex Soil Systems Conference CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA SP SSSA Bouyoucos Funds, Berkeley Lab, USDOE, MoBio Lab Inc HO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab ID DIFFUSION; TRANSPORT; AIR; ADEQUACY; OXYGEN; ICE; LAW; CO2 AB The noble gases, which are chemically inert under normal terrestrial conditions but vary systematically across a wide range of atomic mass and diffusivity, offer a multicomponent approach to investigating gas dynamics in unsaturated soil horizons, including transfer of gas between saturated zones, unsaturated zones, and the atmosphere. To evaluate the degree to which fractionation of noble gases in the presence of an advective-diffusive flux agrees with existing theory, a simple laboratory sand column experiment was conducted. Pure CO2 was injected at the base of the column, providing a series of constant CO2 fluxes through the column. At five fixed sampling depths within the system, samples were collected for CO2 and noble gas analyses, and ambient pressures were measured. Both the advection-diffusion and dusty gas models were used to simulate the behavior of CO2 and noble gases under the experimental conditions, and the simulations were compared with the measured depth-dependent concentration profiles of the gases. Given the relatively high permeability of the sand column (5 x 10(-11) m(2)), Knudsen diffusion terms were small, and both the dusty gas model and the advection-diffusion model accurately predicted the concentration profiles of the CO2 and atmospheric noble gases across a range of CO2 flux from similar to 700 to 10,000 g m(-2) d(-1). The agreement between predicted and measured gas concentrations demonstrated that, when applied to natural systems, the multi-component capability provided by the noble gases can be exploited to constrain component and total gas fluxes of non-conserved (CO2) and conserved (noble gas) species or attributes of the soil column relevant to gas transport, such as porosity, tortuosity, and gas saturation. C1 [Ding, Xin; Kennedy, B. Mack] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Isotope Geochemi, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Evans, William C.; Stonestrom, David A.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Stonestrom, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM dastones@usgs.gov RI Ding, Xin/R-9406-2016 FU Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; National Research Program of the USGS; Toxic Substances Hydrology Program of the USGS FX Special thanks to Stefan Finsterle and Sergi Molins for providing access to the MIN3P and TMVOC software packages and educating us in their use. The collective experience and insight of Stefan and Sergi was invaluable. This work was supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231. USGS reviewer Chris Green offered helpful suggestions for improving the paper, as did Associate Editor Peter Nico and three anonymous reviewers. We acknowledge support from the National Research Program and Toxic Substances Hydrology Program of the USGS. Mention of trade names is for identification purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by any entity mentioned herein. NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 15 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 15 IS 2 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.06.0095 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DH5EN UT WOS:000372808400010 ER PT J AU Nimmo, JR AF Nimmo, John R. TI Quantitative Framework for Preferential Flow Initiation and Partitioning SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Complex Soil Systems Conference CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA SP SSSA Bouyoucos Funds, Berkeley Lab, USDOE, MoBio Lab Inc HO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab ID PORE-SIZE SPECTRUM; GLACIAL TILL SOIL; WATER-FLOW; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; MACROPORE FLOW; AGRICULTURAL CATCHMENT; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; TRANSPORT PROCESSES; RAINFALL INTENSITY; POROUS-MEDIA AB A model for preferential flow in macropores is based on the short-range spatial distribution of soil matrix infiltrability. It uses elementary areas at two different scales. One is the traditional representative elementary area (REA), which includes a sufficient heterogeneity to typify larger areas, as for measuring field-scale infiltrability. The other, called an elementary matrix area (EMA), is smaller, but large enough to represent the local infiltrability of soil matrix material, between macropores. When water is applied to the land surface, each EMA absorbs water up to the rate of its matrix infiltrability. Excess water flows into a macropore, becoming preferential flow. The land surface then can be represented by a mesoscale (EMA-scale) distribution of matrix infiltrabilities. Total preferential flow at a given depth is the sum of contributions from all EMAs. Applying the model, one case study with multi-year field measurements of both preferential and diffuse fluxes at a specific depth was used to obtain parameter values by inverse calculation. The results quantify the preferential-diffuse partition of flow from individual storms that differed in rainfall amount, intensity, antecedent soil water, and other factors. Another case study provided measured values of matrix infiltrability to estimate parameter values for comparison and illustrative predictions. These examples give a self-consistent picture from the combination of parameter values, directions of sensitivities, and magnitudes of differences caused by different variables. One major practical use of this model is to calculate the dependence of preferential flow on climate-related factors, such as varying soil wetness and rainfall intensity. C1 [Nimmo, John R.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-420, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Nimmo, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS-420, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jrnimmo@usgs.gov FU Hydrologic Research and Development Program; National Research Program of the USGS FX I am grateful to Sadao Eguchi for providing detailed data in tabular form. Natalie Leibovitz and Zhengzheng Qin carried out many of the calculations needed for development and testing of the model presented here. The Hydrologic Research and Development Program and the National Research Program of the USGS provided support for this research. NR 67 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 15 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 15 IS 2 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.05.0079 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DH5EN UT WOS:000372808400008 ER PT J AU Schulz, M Stonestrom, D Lawrence, C Bullen, T Fitzpatrick, J Kyker-Snowman, E Manning, J Mnich, M AF Schulz, Marjorie Stonestrom, Dave Lawrence, Corey Bullen, Tom Fitzpatrick, John Kyker-Snowman, Emily Manning, Jane Mnich, Meagan TI Structured Heterogeneity in a Marine Terrace Chronosequence: Upland Mottling SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Complex Soil Systems Conference CY SEP 03-05, 2014 CL Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA SP SSSA Bouyoucos Funds, Berkeley Lab, USDOE, MoBio Lab Inc HO Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab ID IRON ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; X-RAY-DIFFRACTION; SANTA-CRUZ; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; CLAY-MINERALS; ORGANIC-ACIDS; HIGHER-PLANTS; FE ISOTOPES; SOIL; WATER AB Soil mottles generally are interpreted as a product of reducing conditions during periods of water saturation. The upland soils of the Santa Cruz, CA, marine terrace chronosequence display an evolving sequence of reticulate mottling from the youngest soil (65 ka) without mottles to the oldest soil (225 ka) with well-developed mottles. The mottles consist of an interconnected network of clay and C-enriched regions (gray, 2.5Y 6/1) bordered by leached parent material (white, 2.5Y 8/1) within a diminishing matrix of oxidized parent material (orange, 7.5YR 5/8). The mottles develop in soils that formed from relatively uniform nearshore sediments and occur below the depth of soil bioturbation. To explore how a presumably wetland feature occurs in an unsaturated upland soil, physical and chemical characteristics of mottle separates (orange, gray, and white) were compared through the deep time represented by the soil chronosequence. Mineralogical, isotopic, and surface-area differences among mottle separates indicate that rhizogenic centimeter-scale mass transfer acting across millennia is an integral part of weathering, pedogenesis, and C and nutrient transfer. Elemental analysis, electron microscopy, and Fe-isotope systematics indicate that mottle development is driven by deep roots together with their fungal and microbial symbionts. Taken together, these data suggest that deep soil horizons on old stable landforms can develop reticulate mottling as the long-term imprint of rhizospheric processes. The processes of rhizogenic mottle formation appear to regulate pedogenesis, nutrients, and C sequestration at depth in unsaturated zones. C1 [Schulz, Marjorie; Stonestrom, Dave; Bullen, Tom; Fitzpatrick, John; Mnich, Meagan] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Lawrence, Corey] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA. [Manning, Jane] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA. [Kyker-Snowman, Emily] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA. RP Schulz, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM mschulz@usgs.gov FU USGS Climate and Land Use RD Program; USGS National Research Program FX Colleague and friend Davison Vivit succumbed to cancer in 2011. His skill as an analytical chemist contributed greatly to the early phases of this work. This work was supported by the USGS Climate and Land Use R&D and National Research Programs. We thank the rangers and staff at Wilder State Park, specifically Tim Hyland, for help in the field. We thank Stephanie Mills of Laguna Ranch for providing access to Terrace 5. We thank Alex Blum for the quantitative XRD mineralogy. We also thank the following individuals for helpful discussions and assistance in the field: Jennifer Harden, Art White, Jennie Munster, Dan Bain, Suzanne Anderson, Marco Keiluweit, and Carrie Maseillo. Trade names used herein are for descriptive purposes only and do not constitute endorsement by the US Government. This paper was much improved by the comments of Sasha Reed and two anonymous reviews-thank you. NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 5 PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER PI MADISON PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA SN 1539-1663 J9 VADOSE ZONE J JI Vadose Zone J. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 15 IS 2 DI 10.2136/vzj2015.07.0102 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources GA DH5EN UT WOS:000372808400011 ER PT J AU Besser, JM Dorman, RA Hardesty, DL Ingersoll, CG AF Besser, John M. Dorman, Rebecca A. Hardesty, Douglas L. Ingersoll, Christopher G. TI Survival and Growth of Freshwater Pulmonate and Nonpulmonate Snails in 28-Day Exposures to Copper, Ammonia, and Pentachlorophenol SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ASSESSING CONTAMINANT SENSITIVITY; LYMNAEA-STAGNALIS; CHRONIC TOXICITY; INVERTEBRATES; ZINC; LEAD; ORGANISMS; UNIONIDAE; CADMIUM AB We performed toxicity tests with two species of pulmonate snails (Lymnaea stagnalis and Physa gyrina) and four taxa of nonpulmonate snails in the family Hydrobiidae (Pyrgulopsis robusta, Taylorconcha serpenticola, Fluminicola sp., and Fontigens aldrichi). Snails were maintained in static-renewal or recirculating culture systems with adults removed periodically to isolate cohorts of offspring for toxicity testing. This method successfully produced offspring for both species of pulmonate snails and for two hydrobiid species, P. robusta and Fluminicola sp. Toxicity tests were performed for 28 days with copper, ammonia, and pentachlorophenol in hard reconstituted water with endpoints of survival and growth. Tests were started with 1-week-old L. stagnalis, 2-week-old P. gyrina, 5- to 13-week-old P. robusta and Fluminicola sp., and older juveniles and adults of several hydrobiid species. For all three chemicals, chronic toxicity values for pulmonate snails were consistently greater than those for hydrobiid snails, and hydrobiids were among the most sensitive taxa in species sensitivity distributions for all three chemicals. These results suggest that the toxicant sensitivity of nonpulmonate snails in the family Hydrobiidae would not be adequately represented by results of toxicity testing with pulmonate snails. C1 [Besser, John M.; Dorman, Rebecca A.; Hardesty, Douglas L.; Ingersoll, Christopher G.] US Geol Survey, 4200 E,New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO USA. RP Besser, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4200 E,New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO USA. EM jbesser@usgs.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 17 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0090-4341 EI 1432-0703 J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 70 IS 2 BP 321 EP 331 DI 10.1007/s00244-015-0255-3 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DG4SB UT WOS:000372061700012 PM 26747374 ER PT J AU Stuckless, JS Levich, RA AF Stuckless, John S. Levich, Robert A. TI The Road to Yucca Mountain-Evolution of Nuclear Waste Disposal in the United States SO ENVIRONMENTAL & ENGINEERING GEOSCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Hazardous Waste; Waste; Nuclear; Geopolitical ID SYSTEMATICS; NEVADA; ROCKS; SITE AB The generation of electricity by nuclear power and the manufacturing of atomic weapons have created a large amount of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radioactive waste. There is a world-wide consensus that the best way to protect mankind and the environment is to dispose of this waste in a deep geologic repository. Initial efforts focused on salt as the best medium for disposal, but the heat generated by the radioactive waste led many earth scientists to examine other rock types. In 1976, the director of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) wrote to the U.S. Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA), predecessor agency of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), suggesting that there were several favorable environments at the Nevada Test Site (NTS), and that the USGS already had extensive background information on the NTS. Later, in a series of communications and one publication, the USGS espoused the favorability of the thick unsaturated zone. After the passage of the Nuclear Waste Policy Act (1982), the DOE compiled a list of nine favorable sites and settled on three to be characterized. In 1987, as the costs of characterizing three sites ballooned, Congress amended the Nuclear Waste Policy Act directing the DOE to focus only on Yucca Mountain in Nevada, with the proviso that if anything unfavorable was discovered, work would stop immediately. The U.S. DOE, the U.S. DOE national laboratories, and the USGS developed more than 100 detailed plans to study various earth-science aspects of Yucca Mountain and the surrounding area, as well as materials studies and engineering projects needed for a mined geologic repository. The work, which cost more than 10 billion dollars and required hundreds of man-years of work, culminated in a license application submitted to the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) in 2008. C1 [Stuckless, John S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 908, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Levich, Robert A.] US DOE, 405 Norwood Lane, Las Vegas, NV 89107 USA. RP Stuckless, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 908, Denver, CO 80225 USA. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 38 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1078-7275 EI 1558-9161 J9 ENVIRON ENG GEOSCI JI Environ. Eng. Geosci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 1 BP 1 EP 25 PG 25 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA DG4XS UT WOS:000372077100001 ER PT J AU Tipton, J Hooten, M Pederson, N Tingley, M Bishop, D AF Tipton, John Hooten, Mevin Pederson, Neil Tingley, Martin Bishop, Daniel TI Reconstruction of late Holocene climate based on tree growth and mechanistic hierarchical models SO ENVIRONMETRICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian hierarchical model; paleoclimate; predictive validation; physical statistical model ID HIGH-RESOLUTION PALEOCLIMATOLOGY; LAST MILLENNIUM; FIELD RECONSTRUCTION; BAYESIAN ALGORITHM; TEMPERATURES; VARIABILITY; ANOMALIES; FORECASTS; SURFACE; SPACE AB Reconstruction of pre-instrumental, late Holocene climate is important for understanding how climate has changed in the past and how climate might change in the future. Statistical prediction of paleoclimate from tree ring widths is challenging because tree ring widths are a one-dimensional summary of annual growth that represents a multi-dimensional set of climatic and biotic influences. We develop a Bayesian hierarchical framework using a nonlinear, biologically motivated tree ring growth model to jointly reconstruct temperature and precipitation in the Hudson Valley, New York. Using a common growth function to describe the response of a tree to climate, we allow for species-specific parameterizations of the growth response. To enable predictive backcasts, we model the climate variables with a vector autoregressive process on an annual timescale coupled with a multivariate conditional autoregressive process that accounts for temporal correlation and cross-correlation between temperature and precipitation on a monthly scale. Our multi-scale temporal model allows for flexibility in the climate response through time at different temporal scales and predicts reasonable climate scenarios given tree ring width data. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd C1 [Tipton, John; Hooten, Mevin] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hooten, Mevin] US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hooten, Mevin] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Pederson, Neil] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, 324 North Main St, Petersham, MA 01366 USA. [Tingley, Martin] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, 510 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Tingley, Martin] Penn State Univ, Dept Stat, 510 Walker Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bishop, Daniel] Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, 61 Route 9W,POB 1000, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. RP Tipton, J (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, 1484 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM jtipton25@gmail.com FU National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology program [DEB-1241856] FX This material is based upon work carried out by the PalEON Project (paleonproject.org) with support from the National Science Foundation MacroSystems Biology program under grant no. DEB-1241856. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. We would also like to thank Suz Tolwinski-Ward, Kristin Broms, and Ben Bird for their input on this manuscript. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1180-4009 EI 1099-095X J9 ENVIRONMETRICS JI Environmetrics PD FEB PY 2016 VL 27 IS 1 BP 42 EP 54 DI 10.1002/env.2368 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA DG4FY UT WOS:000372028200004 ER PT J AU Danielson, P Yang, LM Jin, SM Homer, C Napton, D AF Danielson, Patrick Yang, Limin Jin, Suming Homer, Collin Napton, Darrell TI An Assessment of the Cultivated Cropland Class of NLCD 2006 Using a Multi-Source and Multi-Criteria Approach SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE land cover; agriculture; remote sensing ID LAND-COVER DATABASE; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; CLASSIFICATION; EXPANSION; PLAINS AB We developed a method that analyzes the quality of the cultivated cropland class mapped in the USA National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2006. The method integrates multiple geospatial datasets and a Multi Index Integrated Change Analysis (MIICA) change detection method that captures spectral changes to identify the spatial distribution and magnitude of potential commission and omission errors for the cultivated cropland class in NLCD 2006. The majority of the commission and omission errors in NLCD 2006 are in areas where cultivated cropland is not the most dominant land cover type. The errors are primarily attributed to the less accurate training dataset derived from the National Agricultural Statistics Service Cropland Data Layer dataset. In contrast, error rates are low in areas where cultivated cropland is the dominant land cover. Agreement between model-identified commission errors and independently interpreted reference data was high (79%). Agreement was low (40%) for omission error comparison. The majority of the commission errors in the NLCD 2006 cultivated crops were confused with low-intensity developed classes, while the majority of omission errors were from herbaceous and shrub classes. Some errors were caused by inaccurate land cover change from misclassification in NLCD 2001 and the subsequent land cover post-classification process. C1 [Danielson, Patrick; Yang, Limin] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Jin, Suming] USGS EROS Ctr, InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Homer, Collin] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Napton, Darrell] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Geog, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Danielson, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Stinger Ghaffarian Technol, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM pdanielson@usgs.gov; lyang@usgs.gov; sjin@usgs.gov; homer@usgs.gov; darrell.napton@sdstate.edu FU National Land Cover Database (NLCD) project; USGS [G15PC00012, G13PC00028] FX This work was supported by National Land Cover Database (NLCD) project. The authors would like to thank Joyce Fry, Jon Dewitz, Charles Larson and George Xian for their suggestions made to this study. We thank the three anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Patrick Danielson and Limin Yang work performed under USGS contract G15PC00012, Suming Jin work performed under USGS contract G13PC00028. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 AR 101 DI 10.3390/rs8020101 PG 16 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DG2LO UT WOS:000371898800043 ER PT J AU Jones, TG Glass, L Gandhi, S Ravaoarinorotsihoarana, L Carro, A Benson, L Ratsimba, HR Giri, C Randriamanatena, D Cripps, G AF Jones, Trevor G. Glass, Leah Gandhi, Samir Ravaoarinorotsihoarana, Lalao Carro, Aude Benson, Lisa Ratsimba, Harifidy Rakoto Giri, Chandra Randriamanatena, Dannick Cripps, Garth TI Madagascar's Mangroves: Quantifying Nation-Wide and Ecosystem Specific Dynamics, and Detailed Contemporary Mapping of Distinct Ecosystems SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Madagascar; mangrove; Landsat; dynamics; coastal ID MULTITEMPORAL SATELLITE DATA; SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; LAND-COVER CHANGES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST DISTRIBUTIONS; SOUTHERN CHINA; ELEVATION DATA; CONSERVATION; BIOMASS; STOCKS AB Mangrove ecosystems help mitigate climate change, are highly biodiverse, and provide critical goods and services to coastal communities. Despite their importance, anthropogenic activities are rapidly degrading and deforesting mangroves world-wide. Madagascar contains 2% of the world's mangroves, many of which have undergone or are starting to exhibit signs of widespread degradation and deforestation. Remotely sensed data can be used to quantify mangrove loss and characterize remaining distributions, providing detailed, accurate, timely and updateable information. We use USGS maps produced from Landsat data to calculate nation-wide dynamics for Madagascar's mangroves from 1990 to 2010, and examine change more closely by partitioning the national distribution in to primary (i.e., >1000 ha) ecosystems; with focus on four Areas of Interest (AOIs): Ambaro-Ambanja Bays (AAB), Mahajamba Bay (MHJ), Tsiribihina Manombolo Delta (TMD) and Bay des Assassins (BdA). Results indicate a nation-wide net-loss of 21% (i.e., 57,359 ha) from 1990 to 2010, with dynamics varying considerably among primary mangrove ecosystems. Given the limitations of national-level maps for certain localized applications (e.g., carbon stock inventories), building on two previous studies for AAB and MHJ, we employ Landsat data to produce detailed, contemporary mangrove maps for TMD and BdA. These contemporary, AOI-specific maps provide improved detail and accuracy over the USGS national-level maps, and are being applied to conservation and restoration initiatives through the Blue Ventures' Blue Forests programme and WWF Madagascar West Indian Ocean Programme Office's work in the region. C1 [Jones, Trevor G.; Glass, Leah; Gandhi, Samir; Ravaoarinorotsihoarana, Lalao; Carro, Aude; Benson, Lisa; Cripps, Garth] Blue Ventures Conservat, Rue Gambetta,Lot 259, Toliara, Madagascar. [Jones, Trevor G.] Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Dynam Ecosystems & Landscapes Lab, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Ratsimba, Harifidy Rakoto] Univ Antananarivo, Dept Forestry, POB 175, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. [Giri, Chandra] Duke Univ, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Randriamanatena, Dannick] WWF Madagascar West Indian Ocean Programme Off, BP 738, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. RP Jones, TG (reprint author), Blue Ventures Conservat, Rue Gambetta,Lot 259, Toliara, Madagascar.; Jones, TG (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Dynam Ecosystems & Landscapes Lab, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM trevor@blueventures.org; leah@blueventures.org; srgandhi87@gmail.com; lalao@blueventures.org; aude@blueventures.org; lisa.benson@blueventures.org; rrharifidy@yahoo.fr; cgiri@usgs.gov; drandriamanatena@wwf.mg; garth@blueventures.org FU Global Environmental Facility's Blue Forest project; Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation; Darwin Initiative FX This research was funded by the Global Environmental Facility's Blue Forest project and grants from the Western Indian Ocean Marine Science Association, the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Darwin Initiative. All TMD analysis was done in collaboration with the World Wildlife Fund's Madagascar West Indian Ocean Programme Office. The authors greatly appreciate the logistical support for field work in MHJ provided by AQUALMA. Many thanks to Raymond Raherindray, Zo Andriamahenina, Ismael Ratefinjanahary, Jaona Ravelonjatovo, Ferdinand Botsy, Tina Haingonirina and Holy Andriamitantsoa for assisting with field missions. Thanks also to Kate England, Bienvenue Zafindrasilivonona, Sylvia Paulot, Pierre-Francois Roy and Rado Rakotomanana for contributions to socio-economic research and analysis. Special thanks to community members from within all AOIs for their guidance, hospitality and assistance with field work. Additional thanks to extremely helpful anonymous reviewers. NR 114 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 14 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 AR UNSP 106 DI 10.3390/rs8020106 PG 30 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DG2LO UT WOS:000371898800042 ER PT J AU Toro-Farmer, G Muller-Karger, FE Vega-Rodriguez, M Melo, N Yates, K Cerdeira-Estrada, S Herwitz, SR AF Toro-Farmer, Gerardo Muller-Karger, Frank E. Vega-Rodriguez, Maria Melo, Nelson Yates, Kimberly Cerdeira-Estrada, Sergio Herwitz, Stanley R. TI Characterization of Available Light for Seagrass and Patch Reef Productivity in Sugarloaf Key, Lower Florida Keys SO REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article DE Florida Keys; corals; seagrass; light spectrum; benthos productivity ID INHERENT OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; CORAL-REEFS; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; TIDAL CHANNELS; OCEAN COLOR; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SIZE DISTRIBUTION; VOLUME TRANSPORT; COASTAL WATERS; SOUTH FLORIDA AB Light availability is an important factor driving primary productivity in benthic ecosystems, but in situ and remote sensing measurements of light quality are limited for coral reefs and seagrass beds. We evaluated the productivity responses of a patch reef and a seagrass site in the Lower Florida Keys to ambient light availability and spectral quality. In situ optical properties were characterized utilizing moored and water column bio-optical and hydrographic measurements. Net ecosystem productivity (NEP) was also estimated for these study sites using benthic productivity chambers. Our results show higher spectral light attenuation and absorption, and lower irradiance during low tide in the patch reef, tracking the influx of materials from shallower coastal areas. In contrast, the intrusion of clearer surface Atlantic Ocean water caused lower values of spectral attenuation and absorption, and higher irradiance in the patch reef during high tide. Storms during the studied period, with winds >10 ms(-1), caused higher spectral attenuation values. A spatial gradient of NEP was observed, from high productivity in the shallow seagrass area, to lower productivity in deeper patch reefs. The highest daytime NEP was observed in the seagrass, with values of almost 0.4 gO(2)m(-2)h(-1). Productivity at the patch reef area was lower in May than during October 2012 (mean = 0.137 and 0.177 gO(2)m(-2)h(-1), respectively). Higher photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) levels measured above water and lower light attenuation in the red region of the visible spectrum (similar to 666 to similar to 699 nm) had a positive correlation with NEP. Our results indicate that changes in light availability and quality by suspended or resuspended particles limit benthic productivity in the Florida Keys. C1 [Toro-Farmer, Gerardo; Muller-Karger, Frank E.; Vega-Rodriguez, Maria] Univ S Florida, Inst Marine Remote Sensing, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Melo, Nelson] Florida Int Univ, 11200 SW 8th St, Miami, FL 33174 USA. [Yates, Kimberly] US Geol Survey, 600 Fourth St South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Cerdeira-Estrada, Sergio] Natl Commiss Knowledge & Use Biodivers CONABIO, Liga Perifer Insurgentes 4903,Parques Pedregal, Tlalpan 14010, DF, Mexico. [Herwitz, Stanley R.] UAV Collaborat, NASA Res Pk,Mail Stop 18-2, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Toro-Farmer, G (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Inst Marine Remote Sensing, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM torofarmer@mail.usf.edu; carib@usf.edu; mariavegarod@mail.usf.edu; nmelo@cs.fiu.edu; kyates@usgs.gov; scerdeira@conabio.gob.mx; stanley.r.herwitz@nasa.gov FU NASA [NNH10ZDA001NRA]; Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey FX This research was funded by the NASA's Airborne Science program for UAS Enabled Earth Science Program (NASA grant NNH10ZDA001NRA-UAS-High Resolution Assessment of Carbon Dynamics in Seagrass and Coral Reef Biomes), and by the Coastal and Marine Geology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank our project collaborators from the University of South Florida, the U.S. Geological Survey, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, NOAA, NASA, and the Institute of Marine Affairs in Trinidad and Tobago. We also thank I. Romero for comments and support with statistical analysis, N. Smiley and M. Blouin for field support, and the R/V Playmate crew. NR 87 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 13 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-4292 J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL JI Remote Sens. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 AR 86 DI 10.3390/rs8020086 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing SC Remote Sensing GA DG2LO UT WOS:000371898800058 ER PT J AU Muirhead, JD Van Eaton, AR Re, G White, JDL Ort, MH AF Muirhead, James D. Van Eaton, Alexa R. Re, Giuseppe White, James D. L. Ort, Michael H. TI Monogenetic volcanoes fed by interconnected dikes and sills in the Hopi Buttes volcanic field, Navajo Nation, USA SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dike; Saucer-shaped sill; Monogenetic volcanic field; Conduit; Intrusive complex ID SAUCER-SHAPED SILLS; CONE-SHEET SWARM; SAN RAFAEL SWELL; PHREATOMAGMATIC VOLCANOS; EMPLACEMENT MECHANISMS; STRUCTURAL CONTROLS; SEDIMENTARY BASINS; MAGMA INTRUSIONS; NEW-ZEALAND; INSIGHTS AB Although monogenetic volcanic fields pose hazards to major cities worldwide, their shallow magma feeders (<500 m depth) are rarely exposed and, therefore, poorly understood. Here, we investigate exposures of dikes and sills in the Hopi Buttes volcanic field, Arizona, to shed light on the nature of its magma feeder system. Shallow exposures reveal a transition zone between intrusion and eruption within 350 m of the syn-eruptive surface. Using a combination of field- and satellite-based observations, we have identified three types of shallow magma systems: (1) dike-dominated, (2) sill-dominated, and (3) interconnected dike-sill networks. Analysis of vent alignments using the pyroclastic massifs and other eruptive centers (e.g., maar-diatremes) shows a NW-SE trend, parallel to that of dikes in the region. We therefore infer that dikes fed many of the eruptions. Dikes are also observed in places transforming to transgressive (ramping) sills. Estimates of the observable volume of dikes (maximum volume of 1.90 x 10(6) m(3)) and sills (minimum volume of 8.47 x 10(5) m(3)) in this study reveal that sills at Hopi Buttes make up at least 30 % of the shallow intruded volume (similar to 2.75 x 10(6) m(3) total) within 350 m of the paeosurface. We have also identified saucer-shaped sills, which are not traditionally associated with monogenetic volcanic fields. Our study demonstrates that shallow feeders in monogenetic fields can form geometrically complex networks, particularly those intruding poorly consolidated sedimentary rocks. We conclude that the Hopi Buttes eruptions were primarily fed by NW-SE-striking dikes. However, saucer-shaped sills also played an important role in modulating eruptions by transporting magma toward and away from eruptive conduits. Sill development could have been accompanied by surface uplifts on the order of decimeters. We infer that the characteristic feeder systems described here for the Hopi Buttes may underlie monogenetic fields elsewhere, particularly where magma intersects shallow, and often weak, sedimentary rocks. Results from this study support growing evidence of the important role of shallow sills in active monogenetic fields. C1 [Muirhead, James D.] Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Van Eaton, Alexa R.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Van Eaton, Alexa R.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Re, Giuseppe; White, James D. L.] Univ Otago, Dept Geol, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand. [Ort, Michael H.] No Arizona Univ, SESES, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Muirhead, JD (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Geol Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM james.muirhead@fulbrightmail.org RI White, James Daniel Lee/D-7751-2013; OI White, James Daniel Lee/0000-0002-2970-711X; Re, Giuseppe/0000-0002-9614-3027 FU New Zealand Fulbright-Ministry of Science and Innovation Award FX We thank the local Navajo people and the Prosser family for kindly allowing us access to the field areas described in this study. Support for JDM was provided by the New Zealand Fulbright-Ministry of Science and Innovation Award. Ramon Arrowsmith and Amanda Clarke are thanked for hosting JDM at Arizona State University during field work. Nicolas Le Corvec kindly provided his MATLAB script and statistical data on monogenetic cone fields. AVE acknowledges NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship EAR1250029 and a U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Fellowship. We thank reviewers Mike Poland, Steffi Burchardt, and Nicolas Le Corvec, and editor Valerio Acocella, who provided insightful comments that improved the manuscript. Field work in the Navajo Nation was conducted under a permit from the Navajo Nation Minerals Department. Any persons wishing to conduct geological investigations on the Navajo Nation must first apply for and receive a permit from the Navajo Nation Minerals Department, P.O. Box 1910, Window Rock, Arizona 86515, and telephone number (928) 871-6587. NR 93 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0258-8900 EI 1432-0819 J9 B VOLCANOL JI Bull. Volcanol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 78 IS 2 AR 11 DI 10.1007/s00445-016-1005-8 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DF2OH UT WOS:000371182700005 ER PT J AU Dugger, KM Forsman, ED Franklin, AB Davis, RJ White, GC Schwarz, CJ Burnham, KP Nichols, JD Hines, JE Yackulic, CB Doherty, PF Bailey, L Clark, DA Ackers, SH Andrews, LS Augustine, B Biswell, BL Blakesley, J Carlson, PC Clement, MJ Diller, LV Glenn, EM Green, A Gremel, SA Herter, DR Higley, JM Hobson, J Horn, RB Huyvaert, KP McCafferty, C McDonald, T McDonnell, K Olson, GS Reid, JA Rockweit, J Ruiz, V Saenz, J Sovern, SG AF Dugger, Katie M. Forsman, Eric D. Franklin, Alan B. Davis, Raymond J. White, Gary C. Schwarz, Carl J. Burnham, Kenneth P. Nichols, James D. Hines, James E. Yackulic, Charles B. Doherty, Paul F., Jr. Bailey, Larissa Clark, Darren A. Ackers, Steven H. Andrews, Lawrence S. Augustine, Benjamin Biswell, Brian L. Blakesley, Jennifer Carlson, Peter C. Clement, Matthew J. Diller, Lowell V. Glenn, Elizabeth M. Green, Adam Gremel, Scott A. Herter, Dale R. Higley, J. Mark Hobson, Jeremy Horn, Rob B. Huyvaert, Kathryn P. McCafferty, Christopher McDonald, Trent McDonnell, Kevin Olson, Gail S. Reid, Janice A. Rockweit, Jeremy Ruiz, Viviana Saenz, Jessica Sovern, Stan G. TI The effects of habitat, climate, and Barred Owls on long-term demography of Northern Spotted Owls SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE Barred Owl; fecundity; Northern Spotted Owl; occupancy; population change; Strix occidentalis caurina; Strix varia; survival ID STRIX OCCIDENTALIS CAURINA; SITE OCCUPANCY DYNAMICS; HOME-RANGE SIZE; VITAL-RATES; SOUTHERN-OSCILLATION; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; NORTHWESTERN CALIFORNIA; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; TERRITORY OCCUPANCY AB Estimates of species' vital rates and an understanding of the factors affecting those parameters over time and space can provide crucial information for management and conservation. We used mark-recapture, reproductive output, and territory occupancy data collected during 1985-2013 to evaluate population processes of Northern Spotted Owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) in 11 study areas in Washington, Oregon, and northern California, USA. We estimated apparent survival, fecundity, recruitment, rate of population change, and local extinction and colonization rates, and investigated relationships between these parameters and the amount of suitable habitat, local and regional variation in meteorological conditions, and competition with Barred Owls (Strix varia). Data were analyzed for each area separately and in a meta-analysis of all areas combined, following a strict protocol for data collection, preparation, and analysis. We used mixed effects linear models for analyses of fecundity, Cormack-Jolly-Seber open population models for analyses of apparent annual survival (phi), and a reparameterization of the Jolly-Seber capture-recapture model (i.e. reverse Jolly-Seber; RJS) to estimate annual rates of population change (lambda(RJS)) and recruitment. We also modeled territory occupancy dynamics of Northern Spotted Owls and Barred Owls in each study area using 2-species occupancy models. Estimated mean annual rates of population change (lambda) suggested that Spotted Owl populations declined from 1.2% to 8.4% per year depending on the study area. The weighted mean estimate of lambda for all study areas was 0.962 (+/- 0.019 SE; 95% CI: 0.925-0.999), indicating an estimated range-wide decline of 3.8% per year from 1985 to 2013. Variation in recruitment rates across the range of the Spotted Owl was best explained by an interaction between total winter precipitation and mean minimum winter temperature. Thus, recruitment rates were highest when both total precipitation (29 cm) and minimum winter temperature (-9.5 degrees C) were lowest. Barred Owl presence was associated with increased local extinction rates of Spotted Owl pairs for all 11 study areas. Habitat covariates were related to extinction rates for Spotted Owl pairs in 8 of 11 study areas, and a greater amount of suitable owl habitat was generally associated with decreased extinction rates. We observed negative effects of Barred Owl presence on colonization rates of Spotted Owl pairs in 5 of 11 study areas. The total amount of suitable Spotted Owl habitat was positively associated with colonization rates in 5 areas, and more habitat disturbance was associated with lower colonization rates in 2 areas. We observed strong declines in derived estimates of occupancy in all study areas. Mean fecundity of females was highest for adults (0.309 +/- 0.027 SE), intermediate for 2-yr-olds (0.179 +/- 0.040 SE), and lowest for 1-yr-olds (0.065 +/- 0.022 SE). The presence of Barred Owls and habitat covariates explained little of the temporal variation in fecundity in most study areas. Climate covariates occurred in competitive fecundity models in 8 of 11 study areas, but support for these relationships was generally weak. The fecundity meta-analysis resulted in 6 competitive models, all of which included the additive effects of geographic region and annual time variation. The 2 top-ranked models also weakly supported the additive negative effects of the amount of suitable core area habitat, Barred Owl presence, and the amount of edge habitat on fecundity. We found strong support for a negative effect of Barred Owl presence on apparent survival of Spotted Owls in 10 of 11 study areas, but found few strong effects of habitat on survival at the study area scale. Climate covariates occurred in top or competitive survival models for 10 of 11 study areas, and in most cases the relationships were as predicted; however, there was little consistency among areas regarding the relative importance of specific climate covariates. In contrast, meta-analysis results suggested that Spotted Owl survival was higher across all study areas when the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) was in a warming phase and the Southern Oscillation Index (SOI) was negative, with a strongly negative SOI indicative of El Nino events. The best model that included the Barred Owl covariate (BO) was ranked 4th and also included the PDO covariate, but the BO effect was strongly negative. Our results indicated that Northern Spotted Owl populations were declining throughout the range of the subspecies and that annual rates of decline were accelerating in many areas. We observed strong evidence that Barred Owls negatively affected Spotted Owl populations, primarily by decreasing apparent survival and increasing local territory extinction rates. However, the amount of suitable owl habitat, local weather, and regional climatic patterns also were related to survival, occupancy (via colonization rate), recruitment, and, to a lesser extent, fecundity, although there was inconsistency in regard to which covariates were important for particular demographic parameters or across study areas. In the study areas where habitat was an important source of variation for Spotted Owl demographics, vital rates were generally positively associated with a greater amount of suitable owl habitat. However, Barred Owl densities may now be high enough across the range of the Northern Spotted Owl that, despite the continued management and conservation of suitable owl habitat on federal lands, the long-term prognosis for the persistence of Northern Spotted Owls may be in question without additional management intervention. Based on our study, the removal of Barred Owls from the Green Diamond Resources (GDR) study area had rapid, positive effects on Northern Spotted Owl survival and the rate of population change, supporting the hypothesis that, along with habitat conservation and management, Barred Owl removal may be able to slow or reverse Northern Spotted Owl population declines on at least a localized scale. C1 [Dugger, Katie M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Forsman, Eric D.; Davis, Raymond J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Corvallis, OR USA. [Franklin, Alan B.] USDA, APHIS Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [White, Gary C.; Burnham, Kenneth P.; Doherty, Paul F., Jr.; Bailey, Larissa; Green, Adam; Huyvaert, Kathryn P.; Ruiz, Viviana] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schwarz, Carl J.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Nichols, James D.; Hines, James E.; Clement, Matthew J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA. [Yackulic, Charles B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Clark, Darren A.; Ackers, Steven H.; Andrews, Lawrence S.; McCafferty, Christopher; McDonnell, Kevin; Saenz, Jessica; Sovern, Stan G.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Augustine, Benjamin] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Biswell, Brian L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Forestry Sci Lab, Olympia, WA USA. [Blakesley, Jennifer] Rocky Mt Bird Observ, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Carlson, Peter C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Diller, Lowell V.] Green Diamond Resource Co, Korbel, CA USA. [Glenn, Elizabeth M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Gremel, Scott A.] USDI Natl Pk Serv, Olymp Natl Pk, Port Angeles, WA USA. [Herter, Dale R.] Raedeke Associates, Seattle, WA USA. [Higley, J. Mark] Hoopa Tribal Forestry, Hoopa, CA USA. [Hobson, Jeremy] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Northwest Reg, Springfield, OR USA. [Horn, Rob B.] USDI Bur Land Management, Roseburg Dist Off, Roseburg, OR USA. [McDonald, Trent] West Inc, Laramie, WY USA. [Olson, Gail S.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Olympia, WA USA. [Reid, Janice A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific NW Res Stn, Roseburg Field Stn, Roseburg, OR USA. RP Dugger, KM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM Katie.dugger@oregonstate.edu FU USDA Forest Service; USDI Bureau of Land Management; USDI National Park Service; Green Diamond Resource Company; Plum Creek Timber Company; Louisiana Pacific Lumber Company; Hancock Forest Management; Hoopa Tribe; USDI Bureau of Land Management via a Cost Reimbursable Research Agreement with Oregon State University FX Funding for demographic studies of Northern Spotted Owls on federal lands was provided primarily by the USDA Forest Service, USDI Bureau of Land Management, and USDI National Park Service. Funding for studies on nonfederal lands came from the Green Diamond Resource Company, Plum Creek Timber Company, Louisiana Pacific Lumber Company, Hancock Forest Management, and the Hoopa Tribe. Funding for the workshop was provided by the USDA Forest Service and USDI Bureau of Land Management via a Cost Reimbursable Research Agreement with Oregon State University. The U.S. Geological Survey and USDA Forest Service required approval of the final manuscript before publication, but none of the funding agencies associated with this meta-analysis had any influence on the content of the submitted or published manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Ethics statement: All data from study areas in which K.M.D., E.D.F., and A.B.F. were principal investigators (CLE, OLY, COA, HJA, TYE, CAS, and NWC) were collected following protocols approved under animal care and use permits overseen by Oregon State University's and Colorado State University's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees. These protocols were followed and all relevant state and federal permits were acquired and maintained for all study areas included in this meta-analysis. NR 138 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 29 U2 75 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 EI 1938-5129 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD FEB PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 57 EP 116 DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-24.1 PG 60 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DF8LN UT WOS:000371609400006 ER PT J AU Rose, ET Simons, TR AF Rose, Eli T. Simons, Theodore R. TI Avian response to fire in pine-oak forests of Great Smoky Mountains National Park following decades of fire suppression SO CONDOR LA English DT Article DE fire suppression; differenced normalized burn ratio; fire severity; pine-oak forest; time since fire ID UPLAND HARDWOOD FOREST; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; BREEDING BIRDS; NORTH-AMERICA; CONSERVATION; SEVERITY; ABUNDANCE; ECOLOGY; HISTORY; HETEROGENEITY AB Fire suppression in southern Appalachian pine-oak forests during the past century dramatically altered the bird community. Fire return intervals decreased, resulting in local extirpation or population declines of many bird species adapted to post-fire plant communities. Within Great Smoky Mountains National Park, declines have been strongest for birds inhabiting xeric pine-oak forests that depend on frequent fire. The buildup of fuels after decades of fire suppression led to changes in the 1996 Great Smoky Mountains Fire Management Plan. Although fire return intervals remain well below historic levels, management changes have helped increase the amount of fire within the park over the past 20 years, providing an opportunity to study patterns of fire severity, time since burn, and bird occurrence. We combined avian point counts in burned and unburned areas with remote sensing indices of fire severity to infer temporal changes in bird occurrence for up to 28 years following fire. Using hierarchical linear models that account for the possibility of a species presence at a site when no individuals are detected, we developed occurrence models for 24 species: 13 occurred more frequently in burned areas, 2 occurred less frequently, and 9 showed no significant difference between burned and unburned areas. Within burned areas, the top models for each species included fire severity, time since burn, or both, suggesting that fire influenced patterns of species occurrence for all 24 species. Our findings suggest that no single fire management strategy will suit all species. To capture peak occupancy for the entire bird community within xeric pine-oak forests, at least 3 fire regimes may be necessary; one applying frequent low severity fire, another using infrequent low severity fire, and a third using infrequently applied high severity fire. C1 [Rose, Eli T.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Simons, Theodore R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Rose, ET (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM EliTRose2@gmail.com FU National Park Service; USGS National GAP Analysis Program; North Carolina State University; North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Great Smoky Mountains Conservation Association FX The financial support for this research came through a collaboration between the National Park Service, the USGS National GAP Analysis Program, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and the Great Smoky Mountains Conservation Association. This manuscript was subject to both DOI and USGS internal review prior to publication. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 15 PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC PI LAWRENCE PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0010-5422 EI 1938-5129 J9 CONDOR JI Condor PD FEB PY 2016 VL 118 IS 1 BP 179 EP 193 DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-85.1 PG 15 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DF8LN UT WOS:000371609400012 ER PT J AU Young, M Cavanaugh, K Bell, T Raimondi, P Edwards, CA Drake, PT Erikson, L Storlazzi, C AF Young, Mary Cavanaugh, Kyle Bell, Tom Raimondi, Pete Edwards, Christopher A. Drake, Patrick T. Erikson, Li Storlazzi, Curt TI Environmental controls on spatial patterns in the long-term persistence of giant kelp in central California SO ECOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS LA English DT Article DE foundation species; generalized linear mixed effects models; giant kelp; GLMM; Macrocystis pyrifera; population connectivity; spatial persistence; wave climate ID MACROCYSTIS-PYRIFERA PHAEOPHYCEAE; 3RD-GENERATION WAVE MODEL; SCALED LABORATORY MODEL; SANTA-BARBARA CHANNEL; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; MACROALGAL ASSEMBLAGES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; NORTHEAST PACIFIC; BAJA-CALIFORNIA; COASTAL REGIONS AB As marine management measures increasingly protect static areas of the oceans, it is important to make sure protected areas capture and protect persistent populations. Rocky reefs in many temperate areas worldwide serve as habitat for canopy-forming macroalgae and these structure-forming species of kelps (order Laminariales) often serve as important habitat for a great diversity of species. Macrocystis pyrifera is the most common canopy-forming kelp species found along the coast of California, but the distribution and abundance of M. pyrifera varies in space and time. The purpose of this study is to determine what environmental parameters are correlated with and their relative contribution to the spatial and temporal persistence of M. pyrifera along the central coast of California and how well those environmental parameters can be used to predict areas where this species is more likely to persist. Nine environmental variables considered in this study included depth of the seafloor, structure of the rocky reef, proportion of rocky reef, size of kelp patch, biomass of kelp within a patch, distance from the edge of a kelp patch, sea surface temperature, wave orbital velocities, and population connectivity of individual kelp patches. Using a generalized linear mixed effects model (GLMM), the persistence of M. pyrifera was significantly associated with seven of the nine variables considered: depth, complexity of the rocky reef, proportion of rock, patch biomass, distance from the edge of a patch, population connectivity, and wave orbital velocities. These seven environmental variables were then used to predict the persistence of kelp across the central coast, and these predictions were compared to a reserved dataset of M. pyrifera persistence, which was not used in the creation of the GLMM. The environmental variables were shown to accurately predict the persistence of M. pyrifera within the central coast of California (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). Because persistence of giant kelp is important to the community structure of kelp forests, understanding those factors that support persistent populations of M. pyrifera will enable more effective management of these ecosystems. C1 [Young, Mary; Raimondi, Pete] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Cavanaugh, Kyle] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Bell, Tom] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Edwards, Christopher A.; Drake, Patrick T.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Ocean Sci Dept, Santa Barbara, CA 95064 USA. [Erikson, Li; Storlazzi, Curt] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Young, Mary] Deakin Univ, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Princes Highway, Warrnambool, Vic 3280, Australia. RP Young, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol Dept, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.; Young, M (reprint author), Deakin Univ, Ctr Integrat Ecol, Princes Highway, Warrnambool, Vic 3280, Australia. EM mary.young@deakin.edu.au FU National Science Foundation (NSF); NSF Ocean Sciences Grant [OCE-1233288]; U.S. Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program FX We thank M. Carr, T. Tinker and R. Kvitek for their helpful discussion and review of this work, and M. Foley for her useful review of the manuscript. Financial support for this research was provided by the National Science Foundation's (NSF) support of the Santa Barbara Coastal Long Term Ecological Research (SBC LTER) project, by an NSF Ocean Sciences Grant (OCE-1233288, Collaborative Research: The effect of inbreeding on metapopulation dynamics of the giant kelp, Macrocsystis pyrifera) and U.S. Geological Survey's Coastal and Marine Geology Program. NR 111 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9615 EI 1557-7015 J9 ECOL MONOGR JI Ecol. Monogr. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 86 IS 1 BP 45 EP 60 DI 10.1890/15-0267.1 PG 16 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DG0PN UT WOS:000371767700004 ER PT J AU Moffitt, CM AF Moffitt, Christine M. TI Actions and Dialog to Change Perceptions and Increase Engagement of Underrepresented Minorities in Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences: Report to Membership from a Special Session in Portland SO FISHERIES LA English DT News Item C1 [Moffitt, Christine M.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Moffitt, CM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM cmoffitt@uidaho.edu NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 EI 1548-8446 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 2 BP 66 EP 67 DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1133192 PG 2 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DF9FF UT WOS:000371665700005 ER PT J AU Margraf, J AF Margraf, Joe TI Who Knew? Inconnu SO FISHERIES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Margraf, Joe] US Geol Survey, Western Cooperat Res Units, 1135 Pk Ave,Unit 904, Pagosa Springs, CO 81147 USA. RP Margraf, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Cooperat Res Units, 1135 Pk Ave,Unit 904, Pagosa Springs, CO 81147 USA. EM jmargraf@usgs.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 EI 1548-8446 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 2 BP 70 EP 70 DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1130535 PG 1 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DF9FF UT WOS:000371665700007 ER PT J AU DeColo, SL Aspbury, AS Ostrand, KG Gabor, CR AF DeColo, Sophia L. Aspbury, Andrea S. Ostrand, Kenneth G. Gabor, Caitlin R. TI Male-male interactions and their influence on the mating behavior and success in the fountain darter, Etheostoma fonticola SO ACTA ETHOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Etheostoma fonticola; Female preference; Fountain darter; Intersexual selection; Intrasexual selection ID FEMALE MATE CHOICE; POPULATION-SIZE ESTIMATE; SEXUAL SELECTION; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; MALE COMPETITION; EGG-MIMICRY; BODY-SIZE; PERCIDAE; PREFERENCE; PATTERNS AB Behavioral interactions between individuals of the same sex can affect the outcome of intersexual selection. For this reason, intrasexual selection is oftentimes examined independently from intersexual selection in studies aimed at understanding mating behaviors. However, a more complete understanding of sexual selection effects within a population can only come from exploring both intrasexual and intersexual selection and the potential interactions between the levels of selection. Association preferences in male and female Etheostoma fonticola do not reveal a size preference for same sex or opposite-sex individuals. However, male-male interactions may influence female choice in E. fonticola. We examined whether male E. fonticola that differ in body size exhibit differences in agonistic behaviors and mating success. Larger males do exhibit higher rates of aggressive behaviors and smaller males, in turn, exhibit more defensive behaviors. However, differences between larger and smaller males in male-male interactions did not translate into differences in spawning success. These results suggest that male size influences dominance relationships in E. fonticola but not mating success. There were also no differences between large and small males in mating attempts, which could be an outcome of the year-round breeding season found in this species, females laying eggs singly, or males fertilizing eggs individually. C1 [DeColo, Sophia L.; Aspbury, Andrea S.; Gabor, Caitlin R.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Ostrand, Kenneth G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resource Ctr, 500 East McCarty Lane, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP DeColo, SL (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM Sophia.d.Snell@gmail.com NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 14 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0873-9749 EI 1437-9546 J9 ACTA ETHOL JI Acta Ethol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1007/s10211-015-0216-x PG 6 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DF2IO UT WOS:000371166200003 ER PT J AU Michaelson, GJ Wang, B Ping, CL AF Michaelson, G. J. Wang, B. Ping, C. L. TI Fertility of the early post-eruptive surfaces of Kasatochi Island volcano SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID MOUNT-ST-HELENS; 2008 ERUPTION; PRIMARY SUCCESSION; ALEUTIAN ISLANDS; ALASKA; SOILS; COLONIZATION; WASHINGTON; NITROGEN; TERRESTRIAL AB In the four years after the 2008 eruption and burial of Kasatochi Island volcano, erosion and the return of bird activity have resulted in new and altered land surfaces and initiation of ecosystem recovery. We examined fertility characteristics of the recently deposited pyroclastic surfaces, patches of legacy pre-eruptive surface soil (LS), and a post-eruptive surface with recent bird roosting activity. Pyroclastic materials were found lacking in N, but P, K, and other macronutrients were in sufficient supply for plants. Erosion and leaching are moving mobile P and Fe downslope to deposition fan areas. Legacy soil patches that currently support plants have available-N at levels (10-22 mg N kg(-1)) similar to those added by birds in a recent bird roosting area. Roosting increased surface available N from <1 mg N kg-1 in the new pyroclastic surfaces to up to 42 mg N kg(-1) and increased soil biological respiration of CO2 from essentially zero to a level about 40% that of the LS surface. Laboratory plant growth trials using Lupinus nootkatensis and Leymus mollis indicated that the influence of eroded and redeposited LS in amounts as little as 10% by volume mixed with new pyroclastic materials could aid plant recovery by supplying vital N and soil biota to plants as propagules are introduced to the new surface. Erosion-exposure of fertile pre-eruptive soils and erosion-mixing of pre-eruptive soils with newly erupted materials, along with inputs of nutrients from bird activities, each will exert significant influences on the surface fertility and recovery pattern of the new post-eruptive Kasatochi volcano. For this environment, these influences could help to speed recovery of a more diverse plant community by providing N (LS and bird inputs) as alternatives to relying most heavily on N-fixing plants to build soil fertility. C1 [Michaelson, G. J.; Ping, C. L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Nat Resources & Extens, Palmer Res Ctr, 1509 South Georgeson, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. [Wang, B.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Michaelson, GJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Nat Resources & Extens, Palmer Res Ctr, 1509 South Georgeson, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. EM gjmichaelson@alaska.edu FU USDA Hatch project; North Pacific Research Board [932]; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX This study was funded by the North Pacific Research Board (Project #932), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the USDA Hatch project. The authors wish to express their special thanks for the assistance of Tony De-Gange of USGS, Laurie Wilson and Melissa Dick of the UAF-AFES Palmer Plant and Soils Laboratory, Kathy Van Zant and Sue Lincoln of the State of Alaska DNR Plant Materials Center, Captain William Pepper and crew of the research vessel Tiglax, and Jeff Williams of the USFWS Alaska Maritime National Wildlife Refuge. We appreciate the helpful reviews of Larry Gough and Lydia Zeglin. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 EI 1938-4246 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 48 IS 1 BP 45 EP 59 DI 10.1657/AAAR0014-089 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DF4MI UT WOS:000371322100004 ER PT J AU Wood, CL Lafferty, KD DeLeo, G Young, HS Hudson, PJ Kuris, AM AF Wood, Chelsea L. Lafferty, Kevin D. DeLeo, Giulio Young, Hillary S. Hudson, Peter J. Kuris, Armand M. TI Does biodiversity protect humans against infectious disease? Reply SO ECOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRANSMISSION; RISK; ECOLOGY; HOST C1 [Wood, Chelsea L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wood, Chelsea L.] Univ Michigan, Michigan Soc, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [DeLeo, Giulio] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Young, Hillary S.; Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Young, Hillary S.; Kuris, Armand M.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Ecol Evolut & Marine Biol, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Hudson, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wood, CL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Wood, CL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Michigan Soc, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM chelwood@umich.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0012-9658 EI 1939-9170 J9 ECOLOGY JI Ecology PD FEB PY 2016 VL 97 IS 2 BP 542 EP 545 DI 10.1890/15-1503.1 PG 5 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DF6BJ UT WOS:000371439800026 PM 27145628 ER PT J AU Khalyani, AH Gould, WA Harmsen, E Terando, A Quinones, M Collazo, JA AF Khalyani, Azad Henareh Gould, William A. Harmsen, Eric Terando, Adam Quinones, Maya Collazo, Jaime A. TI Climate Change Implications for Tropical Islands: Interpolating and Interpreting Statistically Downscaled GCM Projections for Management and Planning* SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Classification; Tropics; Ensembles; General circulation models; Interpolation schemes; Evapotranspiration ID UNITED-STATES; PUERTO-RICO; POTENTIAL IMPACTS; LIFE ZONES; ENERGY USE; DRY DAYS; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; CHINA AB The potential ecological and economic effects of climate change for tropical islands were studied using output from 12 statistically downscaled general circulation models (GCMs) taking Puerto Rico as a test case. Two model selection/model averaging strategies were used: the average of all available GCMs and the average of the models that are able to reproduce the observed large-scale dynamics that control precipitation over the Caribbean. Five island-wide and multidecadal averages of daily precipitation and temperature were estimated by way of a climatology-informed interpolation of the site-specific downscaled climate model output. Annual cooling degree-days (CDD) were calculated as a proxy index for air-conditioning energy demand, and two measures of annual no-rainfall days were used as drought indices. Holdridge life zone classification was used to map the possible ecological effects of climate change. Precipitation is predicted to decline in both model ensembles, but the decrease was more severe in the "regionally consistent" models. The precipitation declines cause gradual and linear increases in drought intensity and extremes. The warming from the 1960-90 period to the 2071-99 period was 4.6 degrees-9 degrees C depending on the global emission scenarios and location. This warming may cause increases in CDD, and consequently increasing energy demands. Life zones may shift from wetter to drier zones with the possibility of losing most, if not all, of the subtropical rain forests and extinction risks to rain forest specialists or obligates. C1 [Khalyani, Azad Henareh; Gould, William A.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, 1201 Calle Ceiba, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. [Khalyani, Azad Henareh; Quinones, Maya; Collazo, Jaime A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Harmsen, Eric] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Mayaguez, PR USA. [Terando, Adam] US Geol Survey, Southeast Climate Sci Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. [Collazo, Jaime A.] US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Khalyani, AH (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Int Inst Trop Forestry, 1201 Calle Ceiba, San Juan, PR 00926 USA. EM ahenareh@mtu.edu OI Gould, William/0000-0002-3720-9735 NR 70 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 1558-8424 EI 1558-8432 J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 55 IS 2 BP 265 EP 282 DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-15-0182.1 PG 18 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE1WX UT WOS:000370418300001 ER PT J AU Solo-Gabriele, HM Harwood, VJ Kay, D Fujioka, RS Sadowsky, MJ Whitman, RL Wither, A Canica, M Da Fonseca, RC Duarte, A Edge, TA Gargate, MJ Gunde-Cimerman, N Hagen, F Mclellan, SL Da Silva, AN Babic, MN Prada, S Rodrigues, R Romao, D Sabino, R Samson, RA Segal, E Staley, C Taylor, HD Verissimo, C Viegas, C Barroso, H Brandao, JC AF Solo-Gabriele, Helena M. Harwood, Valerie J. Kay, David Fujioka, Roger S. Sadowsky, Michael J. Whitman, Richard L. Wither, Andrew Canica, Manuela Da Fonseca, Rita Carvalho Duarte, Aida Edge, Thomas A. Gargate, Maria J. Gunde-Cimerman, Nina Hagen, Ferry Mclellan, Sandra L. Da Silva, Alexandra Nogueira Babic, Monika Novak Prada, Susana Rodrigues, Raquel Romao, Daniela Sabino, Raquel Samson, Robert A. Segal, Esther Staley, Christopher Taylor, Huw D. Verissimo, Cristina Viegas, Carla Barroso, Helena Brandao, Joao C. TI Beach sand and the potential for infectious disease transmission: observations and recommendations SO JOURNAL OF THE MARINE BIOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION OF THE UNITED KINGDOM LA English DT Article DE Beach sand; microbes; bacteria; fungi ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; RECREATIONAL WATER-QUALITY; MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; LAKE-MICHIGAN; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; FRESH-WATER; MARINE BEACH; CLADOPHORA CHLOROPHYTA; ASPERGILLUS-FUMIGATUS AB Recent studies suggest that sand can serve as a vehicle for exposure of humans to pathogens at beach sites, resulting in increased health risks. Sampling for microorganisms in sand should therefore be considered for inclusion in regulatory programmes aimed at protecting recreational beach users from infectious disease. Here, we review the literature on pathogen levels in beach sand, and their potential for affecting human health. In an effort to provide specific recommendations for sand sampling programmes, we outline published guidelines for beach monitoring programmes, which are currently focused exclusively on measuring microbial levels in water. We also provide background on spatial distribution and temporal characteristics of microbes in sand, as these factors influence sampling programmes. First steps toward establishing a sand sampling programme include identifying appropriate beach sites and use of initial sanitary assessments to refine site selection. A tiered approach is recommended for monitoring. This approach would include the analysis of samples from many sites for faecal indicator organisms and other conventional analytes, while testing for specific pathogens and unconventional indicators is reserved for high-risk sites. Given the diversity of microbes found in sand, studies are urgently needed to identify the most significant aetiological agent of disease and to relate microbial measurements in sand to human health risk. C1 [Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Ctr Oceans & Human Hlth, Key Biscayne, FL 33149 USA. [Solo-Gabriele, Helena M.] Univ Miami, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. [Harwood, Valerie J.] Univ S Florida, Dept Integrat Biol, SCA 110,4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Kay, David] Aberystwyth Univ, Inst Geog & Earth Sci, Ctr Res Environm & Hlth, Aberystwyth SY24 3DB, Dyfed, Wales. [Fujioka, Roger S.] Univ Hawaii, Water Resources Res Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Sadowsky, Michael J.; Staley, Christopher] Univ Minnesota, Dept Soil Water & Climate, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Sadowsky, Michael J.; Staley, Christopher] Univ Minnesota, Inst Biotechnol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Whitman, Richard L.] USGS, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, 1088 N 350 E, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA. [Wither, Andrew] Natl Oceanog Ctr, Liverpool L3 5DA, Merseyside, England. [Canica, Manuela] Natl Inst Hlth Dr Ricardo Jorge, Natl Reference Lab Antibiot Resistances, Dept Infect Dis, Ave Padre Cruz, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Canica, Manuela] Univ Porto, Inst Agr & Agrifood Sci & Technol, Ctr Studies Anim Sci, Oporto, Portugal. [Da Fonseca, Rita Carvalho] Natl Inst Hlth Dr Ricardo Jorge, Dept Epidemiol, Ave Padre Cruz, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Duarte, Aida] Univ Lisbon, Fac Pharm, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ave Prof Gama Pinto, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. [Edge, Thomas A.] Environm Canada, Canada Ctr Inland Waters, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada. [Gargate, Maria J.; Romao, Daniela; Sabino, Raquel; Verissimo, Cristina; Brandao, Joao C.] Natl Inst Hlth Dr Ricardo Jorge, Reference Unit Parasit & Fungal Infect, Dept Infect Dis, Ave Padre Cruz, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Gunde-Cimerman, Nina; Babic, Monika Novak] Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Dept Biol, Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. [Hagen, Ferry] Canisius Wilhelmina Hosp, Dept Med Microbiol & Infect Dis, Nijmegen, Netherlands. [Mclellan, Sandra L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Freshwater Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Da Silva, Alexandra Nogueira] Univ Lisbon, Fac Pharm, ADEIM, Lab Microbiol, Ave Prof Gama Pinto, P-1649003 Lisbon, Portugal. [Prada, Susana] Univ Madeira, Ctr Exact Sci & Engn, Campus Univ Penteada, P-9000390 Funchal, Madeira, Portugal. [Prada, Susana] Univ Azores, Ctr Volcanol & Geol Risk Assessment, P-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal. [Rodrigues, Raquel] Natl Inst Hlth Dr Ricardo Jorge, Lab Microbiol, Dept Environm Hlth, Ave Padre Cruz, P-1649016 Lisbon, Portugal. [Samson, Robert A.] CBS KNAW Fungal Biodivers Ctr, Uppsalalaan 8, NL-3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands. [Segal, Esther] Tel Aviv Univ, Sackler Sch Med, Dept Clin Microbiol & Immunol, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Taylor, Huw D.] Univ Brighton, Sch Environm & Technol, Environm & Publ Hlth Res Unit, Cockcroft Bldg,Lewes Rd, Brighton BN2 4GJ, E Sussex, England. [Viegas, Carla] Polytech Inst Lisbon, Lisbon Sch Hlth Technol, Environm Hlth RG, Ave D Joao 2,Lote 4-69-01, P-1990096 Lisbon, Portugal. [Barroso, Helena] Interdisciplinary Res Ctr Egas Moniz CiiEm, Inst Hlth Sci Egas Moniz ISCSEM Campus, P-2829511 Monte De Caparica, Portugal. RP Solo-Gabriele, HM (reprint author), Dept Civil Arch & Environm Engn, POB 248294, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. EM hmsolo@miami.edu RI Hagen, Ferry/B-9044-2009; Brandao, Joao/H-8795-2016; Sadowsky, Michael/J-2507-2016; OI Hagen, Ferry/0000-0002-5622-1916; Brandao, Joao/0000-0001-7553-227X; Sadowsky, Michael/0000-0001-8779-2781; Barroso, Helena/0000-0003-4098-5433; Viegas, Carla/0000-0002-1545-6479; Novak Babic, Monika/0000-0003-3028-6057; Sabino, Raquel Filipa Pinheiro/0000-0001-6585-7775 FU Fulbright Foundation; Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) Portugal [SFRH/BPD/72775/2010] FX We thank the Fulbright Foundation for support of Dr Harwood. Participation by H. Solo-Gabriele is associated with the University of Miami Center for Oceans and Human Health (NSF 0CE0432368/0911373/1127813 and NIEHS P50 ES12736). Raquel Sabino was financially supported by a fellowship from Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) Portugal (contract SFRH/BPD/72775/2010). NR 160 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0025-3154 EI 1469-7769 J9 J MAR BIOL ASSOC UK JI J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 96 IS 1 SI SI BP 101 EP 120 DI 10.1017/S0025315415000843 PG 20 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DF2FS UT WOS:000371158300009 ER PT J AU Failla, AJ Vasquez, AA Hudson, P Fujimoto, M Ram, JL AF Failla, A. J. Vasquez, A. A. Hudson, P. Fujimoto, M. Ram, J. L. TI Morphological identification and COI barcodes of adult flies help determine species identities of chironomid larvae (Diptera, Chironomidae) SO BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chironomidae; DNA barcoding; species-level identification; morphology; Great Lakes ID DNA BARCODES; MIDGES DIPTERA; PLUMOSUS GROUP; LAKE WINNIPEG; JAPAN; UTILITY; SPECIATION; TAXONOMY; KIEFFER; CANADA AB Establishing reliable methods for the identification of benthic chironomid communities is important due to their significant contribution to biomass, ecology and the aquatic food web. Immature larval specimens are more difficult to identify to species level by traditional morphological methods than their fully developed adult counterparts, and few keys are available to identify the larval species. In order to develop molecular criteria to identify species of chironomid larvae, larval and adult chironomids from Western Lake Erie were subjected to both molecular and morphological taxonomic analysis. Mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) barcode sequences of 33 adults that were identified to species level by morphological methods were grouped with COI sequences of 189 larvae in a neighbor-joining taxon-ID tree. Most of these larvae could be identified only to genus level by morphological taxonomy (only 22 of the 189 sequenced larvae could be identified to species level). The taxon-ID tree of larval sequences had 45 operational taxonomic units (OTUs, defined as clusters with > 97% identity or individual sequences differing from nearest neighbors by >3%; supported by analysis of all larval pairwise differences), of which seven could be identified to species or 'species group' level by larval morphology. Reference sequences from the GenBank and BOLD databases assigned six larval OTUs with presumptive species level identifications and confirmed one previously assigned species level identification. Sequences from morphologically identified adults in the present study grouped with and further classified the identity of 13 larval OTUs. The use of morphological identification and subsequent DNA barcoding of adult chironomids proved to be beneficial in revealing possible species level identifications of larval specimens. Sequence data from this study also contribute to currently inadequate public databases relevant to the Great Lakes region, while the neighbor-joining analysis reported here describes the application and confirmation of a useful tool that can accelerate identification and bioassesment of chironomid communities. C1 [Failla, A. J.; Vasquez, A. A.; Fujimoto, M.; Ram, J. L.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, 5374 Scott Hall,540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Hudson, P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Ram, JL (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, 5374 Scott Hall,540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. EM jeffram@gmail.com FU Environmental Protection Agency [GL00E00808-0]; Wayne State University FX This project was supported by grants from the Environmental Protection Agency (Grant number GL00E00808-0) and funds from Wayne State University. We thank Tjorborn Ekrem for his advice and communication, as well as helpful reviewers for aiding in improving the presentation of our research. This article is contribution 1945 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 0007-4853 EI 1475-2670 J9 B ENTOMOL RES JI Bull. Entomol. Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 BP 34 EP 46 DI 10.1017/S0007485315000486 PG 13 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DF2FJ UT WOS:000371157000004 PM 26072670 ER PT J AU Rioux, M Farmer, GL Bowring, SA Wooton, KM Amato, JM Coleman, DS Verplanck, PL AF Rioux, Matthew Farmer, G. Lang Bowring, Samuel A. Wooton, Kathleen M. Amato, Jeffrey M. Coleman, Drew S. Verplanck, Philip L. TI The link between volcanism and plutonism in epizonal magma systems; high-precision U-Pb zircon geochronology from the Organ Mountains caldera and batholith, New Mexico SO CONTRIBUTIONS TO MINERALOGY AND PETROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Organ Mountains; Tuff; Epizonal; Zircon; Pluton; Organ Needle pluton; Caldera ID RESIDENCE TIMES; LONG VALLEY; DIFFERENTIATION; RHYOLITES; IGNIMBRITES; EVOLUTION; AGES; PERSPECTIVES; CHAMBERS; STORAGE AB The Organ Mountains caldera and batholith expose the volcanic and epizonal plutonic record of an Eocene caldera complex. The caldera and batholith are well exposed, and extensive previous mapping and geochemical analyses have suggested a clear link between the volcanic and plutonic sections, making this an ideal location to study magmatic processes associated with caldera volcanism. Here we present high-precision thermal ionization mass spectrometry U-Pb zircon dates from throughout the caldera and batholith, and use these dates to test and improve existing petrogenetic models. The new dates indicate that Eocene volcanic and plutonic rocks in the Organ Mountains formed from similar to 44 to 34 Ma. The three largest calderarelated tuff units yielded weighted mean Pb-206/U-238 dates of 36.441 +/- 0.020 Ma (Cueva Tuff), 36.259 +/- 0.016 Ma (Achenback Park tuff), and 36.215 +/- 0.016 Ma (Squaw Mountain tuff). An alkali feldspar granite, which is chemically similar to the erupted tuffs, yielded a synchronous weighted mean Pb-206/U-238 date of 36.259 +/- 0.021 Ma. Weighted mean Pb-206/U-238 dates from the larger volume syenitic phase of the underlying Organ Needle pluton range from 36.130 +/- 0.031 to 36.071 +/- 0.012 Ma, and the youngest sample is 144 +/- 20 to 188 +/- 20 ka younger than the Squaw Mountain and Achenback Park tuffs, respectively. Younger plutonism in the batholith continued through at least 34.051 +/- 0.029 Ma. We propose that the Achenback Park tuff, Squaw Mountain tuff, alkali feldspar granite and Organ Needle pluton formed from a single, long-lived magma chamber/mush zone. Early silicic magmas generated by partial melting of the lower crust rose to form an epizonal magma chamber. Underplating of the resulting mush zone led to partial melting and generation of a highsilica alkali feldspar granite cap, which erupted to form the tuffs. The deeper parts of the chamber underwent continued recharge and crystallization for 144 +/- 20 ka after the final eruption. Calculated magmatic fluxes for the Organ Needle pluton range from 0.0006 to 0.0030 km(3)/year, in agreement with estimates from other well-studied plutons. The petrogenetic evolution proposed here may be common to many small-volume silicic volcanic systems. C1 [Rioux, Matthew] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Rioux, Matthew; Bowring, Samuel A.] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02459 USA. [Farmer, G. Lang] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wooton, Kathleen M.; Coleman, Drew S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Amato, Jeffrey M.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Verplanck, Philip L.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Rioux, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Rioux, M (reprint author), MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02459 USA. EM rioux@eri.ucsb.edu RI Rioux, Matthew/I-2500-2012 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1050215] FX The research and analyses at UNC were supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation (EAR-1050215). NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0010-7999 EI 1432-0967 J9 CONTRIB MINERAL PETR JI Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 171 IS 2 AR 13 DI 10.1007/s00410-015-1208-6 PG 22 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy GA DF0XM UT WOS:000371062700003 ER PT J AU Ottinger, CA Densmore, CL Robertson, LS Iwanowicz, DD VanderKooi, SP AF Ottinger, Christopher A. Densmore, Christine L. Robertson, Laura S. Iwanowicz, Deborah D. VanderKooi, Scott P. TI Transforming growth factor-beta 1 expression in endangered age-0 shortnose suckers (Chasmistes brevirostris) from Upper Klamath Lake, OR relative to histopathology, meristic, spatial, and temporal data SO FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Upper Klamath Lake; Shortnose sucker; Transforming growth factor-beta; Histopathology ID LOST RIVER SUCKER; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DELTISTES-LUXATUS; STRIPED BASS; TGF-BETA; OREGON; FISH; EXPOSURE; INFECTION; STRESS AB During July-September of 2008, 2009, and 2010 endangered age-0 juvenile shortnose suckers were sampled from Upper Klamath Lake, OR in a health evaluation that included the measurement of transforming growth factor - beta (TGF-beta) expression in spleen in combination with a histopathology assessment. This analysis was performed to determine if the expression of this immuno-regulator could be used as a component of a larger health evaluation intended to identify potential risk-factors that may help to explain why very few of these fish survive to age-1. Potential associations between TGE-beta 1 expression, histopathological findings, meristic data as well as temporal and spatial data were evaluated using analysis-of-variance. In this analysis, the absence or presence of opercula deformity and hepatic cell necrosis were identified as significant factors in accounting for the variance in TGE-beta 1 expression observed in age-0 shortnose suckers (n = 122, squared multiple R = 0.989). Location of sample collection and the absence or presence of anchor worms (Lernaea spp.) were identified as significant cofactors. The actual mechanisms involved with these relationships have yet to be determined. The strength, however, of our findings support the concept of using TGF-beta 1 expression as part of a broader fish health assessment and suggests the potential for using additional immunologic measures in future studies. Specifically, our results indicate that the measure of TGE-beta 1 expression in age-0 shortnose sucker health assessments can facilitate the process of identifying disease risks that are associated with the documented lack of recruitment into the adult population. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ottinger, Christopher A.; Densmore, Christine L.; Robertson, Laura S.; Iwanowicz, Deborah D.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. [VanderKooi, Scott P.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Klamath Falls, OR USA. [Robertson, Laura S.] Shepherd Univ, Dept Biol, Shepherdstown, WV USA. [VanderKooi, Scott P.] US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ottinger, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM cottinger@usgs.gov OI Ottinger, Christopher/0000-0003-2551-1985 FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation FX We thank the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation for their financial support of this project and the staff at the US Geological Survey Klamath Fall Field Station for their assistance is sample collection, and fish identification. We also wish to thank Kathy Spring and Darlene Bowling of the US Geological Survey Leetown Science Center for their technical assistance with tissue processing for histology. All animal use was conducted in accordance with Lee town Science Center, US Gological Survey, Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee guidance as per polices set forward by the United States National Institutes of Health. NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 1050-4648 EI 1095-9947 J9 FISH SHELLFISH IMMUN JI Fish Shellfish Immunol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 49 BP 1 EP 6 DI 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.12.019 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Immunology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA DE8KF UT WOS:000370884200001 PM 26700172 ER PT J AU Stich, DS Zydlewski, GB Zydlewski, JD AF Stich, D. S. Zydlewski, G. B. Zydlewski, J. D. TI Physiological preparedness and performance of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts in relation to behavioural salinity preferences and thresholds SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE depth; estuary; migration; movement; residence; salt water ID TIDAL-STREAM TRANSPORT; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; MIGRATORY BEHAVIOR; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; POST-SMOLTS; COHO SALMON; NA+,K+-ATPASE ACTIVITY; ESTUARINE SURVIVAL; PENOBSCOT RIVER; ATPASE ACTIVITY AB This study investigated the relationships between behavioural responses of Atlantic salmon Salmo salar smolts to saltwater (SW) exposure and physiological characteristics of smolts in laboratory experiments. It concurrently described the behaviour of acoustically tagged smolts with respect to SW and tidal cycles during estuary migration. Salmo salar smolts increased their use of SW relative to fresh water (FW) from April to June in laboratory experiments. Mean preference for SW never exceeded 50% of time in any group. Preference for SW increased throughout the course of smolt development. Maximum continuous time spent in SW was positively related to gill Na+, K+-ATPase (NKA) activity and osmoregulatory performance in full-strength SW (measured as change in gill NKA activity and plasma osmolality). Smolts decreased depth upon reaching areas of the Penobscot Estuary where SW was present, and all fish became more surface oriented during passage from head of tide to the ocean. Acoustically tagged, migrating smolts with low gill NKA activity moved faster in FW reaches of the estuary than those with higher gill NKA activity. There was no difference in movement rate through SW reaches of the estuary based on gill NKA activity. Migrating fish moved with tidal flow during the passage of the lower estuary based on the observed patterns in both vertical and horizontal movements. The results indicate that smolts select low-salinity water during estuary migration and use tidal currents to minimize energetic investment in seaward migration. Seasonal changes in osmoregulatory ability highlight the importance of the timing of stocking and estuary arrival. C1 [Stich, D. S.; Zydlewski, J. D.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Zydlewski, G. B.] Univ Maine, Sch Marine Sci, 5706 Aubert Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Zydlewski, J. D.] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Stich, DS (reprint author), SUNY Coll Oneonta, Dept Biol, Oneonta, NY 13820 USA. EM daniel.stich@oneonta.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Maine; The Nature Conservancy; University of Maine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) [A2011-06-06, A2011-06-07] FX Financial support was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey Maine Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, University of Maine and The Nature Conservancy. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Green Lake National Fish Hatchery provided juvenile Atlantic salmon and was invaluable in facilitating the marking and stocking of smolts. The authors thank N. Greenberg and C. Johnston (University of Maine School of Marine Sciences), A. Barrie, M. Begley, C. Gardner, L. Izzo, M. Martin and G. Maynard (University of Maine Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Conservation Biology) for logistical support during the laboratory experiment, as well as M. Altenritter and G. Staines (University of Maine, School of Marine Sciences), and J. Hawkes and G. Goulette [National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center] for logistical support during the field study. Thanks to J. Kocik (NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center), M. Kinnison (University of Maine School of Biology and Ecology) and M. Bailey (USFWS) for helpful comments regarding experimental design and early drafts of the written work that greatly improved the quality of this manuscript. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This work was conducted under the auspices of The University of Maine Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocols #A2011-06-06 and #A2011-06-07. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 88 IS 2 BP 595 EP 617 DI 10.1111/jfb.12853 PG 23 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE7WS UT WOS:000370848200012 PM 26693828 ER PT J AU Nguyen, PL Jackson, ZJ Peterson, DL AF Nguyen, P. L. Jackson, Z. J. Peterson, D. L. TI Comparison of fin ray sampling methods on white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus growth and swimming performance SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Brett-type tunnel; critical swimming speed; growth; hunkering; survival; tail-beat frequency ID SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; PALLID STURGEON; KOOTENAI RIVER; FISHWAY DESIGN; AGE; REMOVAL; CONSERVATION; PRECISION; ACCURACY; SURVIVAL AB Effects of two fin-ray sampling methods on swimming performance, growth and survival were evaluated for hatchery-reared sub-adult white sturgeon Acipenser transmontanus. Fish were subjected to either a notch removal treatment in which a small section was removed from an anterior marginal pectoral-fin ray, or a full removal treatment in which an entire marginal pectoral-fin ray was removed. Control fish did not have fin rays removed, but they were subjected to a sham operation. A modified 3230 l Brett-type swim tunnel was used to evaluate 10 min critical station-holding speeds (S-CSH) of A. transmontanus, immediately after the fin ray biopsies were obtained with each method. Survival and growth were evaluated over a 6 month period for a separate group of fish subjected to the same biopsy methods. Mean +/- s.e. 10 min S-CSH were 1080 +/- 23, 1100 +/- 26 and 1150 +/- 35 cm s(-1) for the notch removal group, full removal group and control group, respectively, and were not significantly different among treatments. Behavioural characteristics including tail-beat frequency and time spent hunkering were also not significantly different among treatment groups swimming at the same speeds. There were no mortalities and relative growth was similar among treatment groups. Average biopsy time for the notch removal method was lower and the wounds appeared to heal more quickly compared with the full removal method. C1 [Nguyen, P. L.; Peterson, D. L.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30605 USA. [Jackson, Z. J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 850 S Guild Ave,Suite 105, Lodi, CA 95240 USA. RP Peterson, DL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 E Green St, Athens, GA 30605 USA. EM sturgeon@uga.edu FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX The authors thank R. Martin for overseeing and assisting with the transportation of fish from California to Georgia. M. Fritts and D. Higginbotham, University of Georgia, assisted with the planning and logistics of this study. The staff at the University of Georgia's Cohutta Fisheries Center assisted with fish husbandry and maintenance of experimental equipment. Without the generosity of all, this study would not have been possible. This project was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Mention of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the US Army Corps of Engineers. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-1112 EI 1095-8649 J9 J FISH BIOL JI J. Fish Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 88 IS 2 BP 655 EP 667 DI 10.1111/jfb.12866 PG 13 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DE7WS UT WOS:000370848200015 PM 26707821 ER PT J AU Robinson, OJ McGowan, CP Devers, PK Brook, RW Huang, M Jones, M McAuley, DG Zimmerman, G AF Robinson, Orin J. McGowan, Conor P. Devers, Patrick K. Brook, Rodney W. Huang, Min Jones, Malcom McAuley, Daniel G. Zimmerman, Guthrie TI A FULL ANNUAL CYCLE MODELING FRAMEWORK FOR AMERICAN BLACK DUCKS SO NATURAL RESOURCE MODELING LA English DT Article DE Anas rubripes; American black duck; coherence; full annual cycle; habitat management; migratory birds; North American Waterfowl Management Plan; population model ID MIGRATORY CONNECTIVITY; SENSITIVITY ANALYSES; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; WINTERING GROUNDS; POPULATION-MODELS; HARVEST; BIRDS; PROBABILITIES; UNCERTAINTY; ISOTOPES AB American black ducks (Anas rubripes) are a harvested, international migratory waterfowl species in eastern North America. Despite an extended period of restrictive harvest regulations, the black duck population is still below the population goal identified in the North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP). It has been hypothesized that density-dependent factors restrict population growth in the black duck population and that habitat management (increases, improvements, etc.) may be a key component of growing black duck populations and reaching the prescribed NAWMP population goal. Using banding data from 1951 to 2011 and breeding population survey data from 1990 to 2014, we developed a full annual cycle population model for the American black duck. This model uses the seven management units as set by the Black Duck Joint Venture, allows movement into and out of each unit during each season, and models survival and fecundity for each region separately. We compare model population trajectories with observed population data and abundance estimates from the breeding season counts to show the accuracy of this full annual cycle model. With this model, we then show how to simulate the effects of habitat management on the continental black duck population. C1 [Robinson, Orin J.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [McGowan, Conor P.] Auburn Univ, US Geol Survey, Alabama Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Devers, Patrick K.; Jones, Malcom] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 11410 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Brook, Rodney W.] Trent Univ, Wildlife Res & Monitoring Sect, Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, DNA Bldg,2140 E Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Huang, Min] Connecticut Dept Energy & Environm Protect, 391 Route 32, North Franklin, CT 06254 USA. [McAuley, Daniel G.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 17 Godfrey Dr Suite 2, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [Zimmerman, Guthrie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 3020 State Univ Dr East,Modoc Hall Suite 2007, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. RP Robinson, OJ (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, 602 Duncan Dr, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM ojr0001@auburn.edu; cmcgowan@usgs.gov; patrick.devers@fws.gov; rod.brook@ontario.ca; Min.Huang@ct.gov; tim_jones@fws.gov; dmcauley@usgs.gov; guthrie_zimmerman@fws.gov FU Black Duck Joint Venture of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife service FX The authors thank the Black Duck Joint Venture of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife service for funding this research. The authors are grateful to Kevin Aagaard and other anonymous reviewers for reviewing and helping us to improve earlier versions of this paper. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0890-8575 EI 1939-7445 J9 NAT RESOUR MODEL JI Nat. Resour. Model. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 159 EP 174 DI 10.1111/nrm.12088 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics GA DF0ZY UT WOS:000371069400007 ER PT J AU Haywood, AM Dowsett, HJ Dolan, AM AF Haywood, Alan M. Dowsett, Harry J. Dolan, Aisling M. TI Integrating geological archives and climate models for the mid-Pliocene warm period SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Review ID GREENLAND ICE-SHEET; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC CONDITIONS; OVERTURNING CIRCULATION; JOINT INVESTIGATIONS; POLAR AMPLIFICATION; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC; DYNAMIC TOPOGRAPHY AB The mid-Pliocene Warm Period (mPWP) offers an opportunity to understand a warmer-thanpresent world and assess the predictive ability of numerical climate models. Environmental reconstruction and climate modelling are crucial for understanding the mPWP, and the synergy of these two, often disparate, fields has proven essential in confirming features of the past and in turn building confidence in projections of the future. The continual development of methodologies to better facilitate environmental synthesis and data/model comparison is essential, with recent work demonstrating that time-specific (time-slice) syntheses represent the next logical step in exploring climate change during the mPWP and realizing its potential as a test bed for understanding future climate change. C1 [Haywood, Alan M.; Dolan, Aisling M.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Dowsett, Harry J.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Dowsett, HJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM hdowsett@usgs.gov OI Dowsett, Harry/0000-0003-1983-7524 FU US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7)/ERC [278636] FX H.J.D. acknowledges support from the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program and the John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis. A.M.H. and A.M.D. acknowledge that this review was completed in receipt of funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 278636. H.J.D., A.M.H. and A.M.D. thank Marci Robinson, Fergus Howell, Lynn Wingard, Caroline Prescott and Danielle Stoll Dowsett for comments and discussions on a previous version of the review. NR 117 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 12 U2 26 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2041-1723 J9 NAT COMMUN JI Nat. Commun. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 7 AR 10646 DI 10.1038/ncomms10646 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DF0HU UT WOS:000371020600012 PM 26879640 ER PT J AU Blandon, AC Perelman, SB Ramirez, M Lopez, A Javier, O Robbins, CS AF Cerezo Blandon, Alexis Perelman, Susana B. Ramirez, Miguel Lopez, Antonio Javier, Obdulio Robbins, Chandler S. TI Temporal bird community dynamics are strongly affected by landscape fragmentation in a Central American tropical forest region SO BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Landscape; Species richness; Extinction rate; Species turnover rate; Number of colonizing species; Tropical birds; Guatemala ID HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; BIOTIC HOMOGENIZATION; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; INSECTIVOROUS BIRDS; ISLAND BIOGEOGRAPHY; SPECIES RESPONSES; COSTA-RICA; CONSERVATION; EXTINCTION; SIZE AB Habitat loss and fragmentation are considered the main causes of species extinctions, particularly in tropical ecosystems. The objective of this work was to evaluate the temporal dynamics of tropical bird communities in landscapes with different levels of fragmentation in eastern Guatemala. We evaluated five bird community dynamic parameters for forest specialists and generalists: (1) species extinction, (2) species turnover, (3) number of colonizing species, (4) relative species richness, and (5) a homogeneity index. For each of 24 landscapes, community dynamic parameters were estimated from bird point count data, for the 1998-1999 and 2008-2009 periods, accounting for species' detection probability. Forest specialists had higher extinction rates and a smaller number of colonizing species in landscapes with higher fragmentation, thus having lower species richness in both time periods. Alternatively, forest generalists elicited a completely different pattern, showing a curvilinear association to forest fragmentation for most parameters. Thus, greater community dynamism for forest generalists was shown in landscapes with intermediate levels of fragmentation. Our study supports general theory regarding the expected negative effects of habitat loss and fragmentation on the temporal dynamics of biotic communities, particularly for forest specialists, providing strong evidence from understudied tropical bird communities. C1 [Cerezo Blandon, Alexis; Perelman, Susana B.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Agron, Quantitat Methods & Informat Syst Dept, Av San Martin 4453, RA-1417 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Cerezo Blandon, Alexis; Ramirez, Miguel; Lopez, Antonio; Javier, Obdulio] Fdn Ecodev & Conservat FUNDAECO, 25 Calle,2-39,Zona 1, Guatemala City 0101, Guatemala. [Perelman, Susana B.] Univ Buenos Aires, CONICET, Fac Agron, IFEVA, RA-1417 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Robbins, Chandler S.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Biol Resources Div, 11 410 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Blandon, AC (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Agron, Quantitat Methods & Informat Syst Dept, Av San Martin 4453, RA-1417 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.; Blandon, AC (reprint author), Fdn Ecodev & Conservat FUNDAECO, 25 Calle,2-39,Zona 1, Guatemala City 0101, Guatemala. EM acerezo@agro.uba.ar FU Foundation for Ecodevelopment and Conservation (FUNDAECO) of Guatemala; Neotropical Bird Conservation Act-USFWS; Nature Conservancy-Tennessee Chapter; Idea Wild; French Global Environmental Facility (Fond Francais pour l'Environnement Mondial, FFEM) FX We wish to thank the Foundation for Ecodevelopment and Conservation (FUNDAECO) of Guatemala, Neotropical Bird Conservation Act-USFWS, The Nature Conservancy-Tennessee Chapter, Idea Wild, and the French Global Environmental Facility (Fond Francais pour l'Environnement Mondial, FFEM), for financial support to carry out this research. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 41 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0960-3115 EI 1572-9710 J9 BIODIVERS CONSERV JI Biodivers. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 311 EP 330 DI 10.1007/s10531-016-1049-2 PG 20 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD7XA UT WOS:000370137100007 ER PT J AU West, AM Kumar, S Jarnevich, CS AF West, Amanda M. Kumar, Sunil Jarnevich, Catherine S. TI Regional modeling of large wildfires under current and potential future climates in Colorado and Wyoming, USA SO CLIMATIC CHANGE LA English DT Article ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; MID-21ST CENTURY; CHANGING CLIMATE; NORTH-AMERICA; FIRE REGIMES; R-PACKAGE; PROJECTIONS; VARIABILITY; VISTRAILS AB Regional analysis of large wildfire potential given climate change scenarios is crucial to understanding areas most at risk in the future, yet wildfire models are not often developed and tested at this spatial scale. We fit three historical climate suitability models for large wildfires (i.e. a parts per thousand yen 400 ha) in Colorado and Wyoming using topography and decadal climate averages corresponding to wildfire occurrence at the same temporal scale. The historical models classified points of known large wildfire occurrence with high accuracies. Using a novel approach in wildfire modeling, we applied the historical models to independent climate and wildfire datasets, and the resulting sensitivities were 0.75, 0.81, and 0.83 for Maxent, Generalized Linear, and Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines, respectively. We projected the historic models into future climate space using data from 15 global circulation models and two representative concentration pathway scenarios. Maps from these geospatial analyses can be used to evaluate the changing spatial distribution of climate suitability of large wildfires in these states. April relative humidity was the most important covariate in all models, providing insight to the climate space of large wildfires in this region. These methods incorporate monthly and seasonal climate averages at a spatial resolution relevant to land management (i.e. 1 km(2)) and provide a tool that can be modified for other regions of North America, or adapted for other parts of the world. C1 [West, Amanda M.; Kumar, Sunil] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kumar, Sunil] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Kumar, Sunil] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Jarnevich, Catherine S.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP West, AM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM amanda.west@colostate.edu OI West, Amanda/0000-0002-9318-7139 FU USGS Invasive Species Program; National Needs Fellowship program of National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture [2010-03280] FX We thank William H. Romme for his insight and edits on an early draft of this manuscript. Special thanks to the USGS Invasive Species Program for support. Amanda West acknowledges support from the National Needs Fellowship program of National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture (Award No.-2010-03280). Finally, the authors would like to thank anonymous journal reviewers. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 20 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-0009 EI 1573-1480 J9 CLIMATIC CHANGE JI Clim. Change PD FEB PY 2016 VL 134 IS 4 BP 565 EP 577 DI 10.1007/s10584-015-1553-5 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE7HV UT WOS:000370807500006 ER PT J AU Thilagavathi, R Chidambaram, S Pethaperumal, S Thivya, C Rao, MS Tirumalesh, K Prasanna, MV AF Thilagavathi, R. Chidambaram, S. Pethaperumal, S. Thivya, C. Rao, M. S. Tirumalesh, K. Prasanna, M. V. TI An attempt to understand the behavior of dissolved organic carbon in coastal aquifers of Pondicherry region, South India SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Hydrogeochemistry; Stable isotopes; Dissolved organic carbon; Heavy metals ID ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; INORGANIC CARBON; STABLE ISOTOPES; GROUNDWATER; PRECIPITATION; LANDFILL; SYSTEM; WATERS; BIOGEOCHEMISTRY AB Groundwaters of the coastal region are significant and serve as a fragile ecosystem in the sedimentary terrain. The Pondicherry region is characterized by different geological formations of distinct geological epochs Cretaceous, Tertiary and Quaternary. Ninety-three samples were collected from specific aquifers with respect to spatial distribution [Alluvium (31), Upper Cuddalore (13), Lower Cuddalore (13), Other Tertiary (7), Cretaceous (24) and Mixed-multiple completion aquifer (5)]. The collected samples were analyzed for major ions Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, HCO3-, Cl-, PO42-, SO42-, F and DOC. Stables isotopes of delta O-18, delta D and delta C-13 were also analyzed along with heavy metals like Al, Ba, Fe, Sr, Cd and Zn. The delta O-18 ranges between -6.85 and -2.15 parts per thousand%, and dD ranges between -43.94 and -19.41 parts per thousand. The distribution of these environmental isotopes in groundwater of this layered aquifer sequence was also attempted. A comparison of the isotopic data with the rainfall, Local Meteoric Water Line with a equation of delta D = 7.398 * delta O-18 + 5.067, Indian Meteoric Water Line and Global Meteoric Water Line was performed. The delta C-13 values for groundwater ranges from -5.3 to -18.1 parts per thousand. The result indicates that the groundwater in the study area is mainly meteoric in origin, and few samples show evidence of evaporation. The dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is a very important component in biogeochemical cycling of elements characterized by high susceptibility to leaching. The range of the DOC in the study area is 0-16 mg/L. Factor analysis was applied to classify the groundwater samples and to identify geochemical processes controlling groundwater geochemistry. The Alluvium aquifers show a complex hydrogeochemistry than the older aquifers. The major factor influencing the hydrogeochemistry of the region is rock-water interaction and anthropogenic processes. Hence, metal mobility of the groundwater shows the correlation of metal bonding and DOC. The relation between the DOC and heavy metal concentration in the aquifers was also identified. C1 [Thilagavathi, R.; Chidambaram, S.; Thivya, C.] Annamalai Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Annamalainagar 608002, Tamil Nadu, India. [Pethaperumal, S.] Dept Agr, State Groundwater Unit, Pondicherry, India. [Rao, M. S.] NIH, Roorkee, Uttar Pradesh, India. [Tirumalesh, K.] BARC, Isotope Prod & Applicat Div, Isotope Hydrol Sect, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Prasanna, M. V.] Curtin Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Appl Geol, CDT 250, Miri 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia. [Tirumalesh, K.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Prasanna, MV (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Fac Sci & Engn, Dept Appl Geol, CDT 250, Miri 98009, Sarawak, Malaysia. EM geoprasanna@gmail.com FU Ministry of Water Resources (MOWR) [29/INCGW-03/2010-RD/3052-3062]; DST [DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2010/[220]] FX The authors wish to express thanks to Ministry of Water Resources (MOWR) (No. 29/INCGW-03/2010-R&D/3052-3062) for providing necessary financial support to carry out this study, and author R.T wishes to express thanks to DST for providing the Inspire fellowship (DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2010/[220] 18 March, 2011). NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1866-6280 EI 1866-6299 J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI JI Environ. Earth Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 75 IS 3 AR 235 DI 10.1007/s12665-015-4833-5 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA DD9JL UT WOS:000370241400057 ER PT J AU West, DR Briggs, JS Jacobi, WR Negron, JF AF West, Daniel R. Briggs, Jennifer S. Jacobi, William R. Negron, Jose F. TI Mountain Pine Beetle Host Selection Between Lodgepole and Ponderosa Pines in the Southern Rocky Mountains SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dendroctonus ponderosae; Pinus contorta; Pinus ponderosa; host selection; Hopkins' Host Selection Principle ID BARK BEETLES; DENDROCTONUS-PONDEROSAE; RANGE EXPANSION; HOPKINS COLEOPTERA; BOREAL FOREST; SCOLYTIDAE; TEMPERATURE; MORTALITY; METAMORPHOSIS; CURCULIONIDAE AB Recent evidence of range expansion and host transition by mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins; MPB) has suggested that MPB may not primarily breed in their natal host, but will switch hosts to an alternate tree species. As MPB populations expanded in lodgepole pine forests in the southern Rocky Mountains, we investigated the potential for movement into adjacent ponderosa pine forests. We conducted field and laboratory experiments to evaluate four aspects of MPB population dynamics and host selection behavior in the two hosts: emergence timing, sex ratios, host choice, and reproductive success. We found that peak MPB emergence from both hosts occurred simultaneously between late July and early August, and the sex ratio of emerging beetles did not differ between hosts. In two direct tests of MPB host selection, we identified a strong preference by MPB for ponderosa versus lodgepole pine. At field sites, we captured naturally emerging beetles from both natal hosts in choice arenas containing logs of both species. In the laboratory, we offered sections of bark and phloem from both species to individual insects in bioassays. In both tests, insects infested ponderosa over lodgepole pine at a ratio of almost 2:1, regardless of natal host species. Reproductive success (offspring/female) was similar in colonized logs of both hosts. Overall, our findings suggest that MPB may exhibit equally high rates of infestation and fecundity in an alternate host under favorable conditions. C1 [West, Daniel R.; Jacobi, William R.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado State Forest Serv, 5060 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Briggs, Jennifer S.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 980,Bldg 25, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Negron, Jose F.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 240 West Prospect, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. RP West, DR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Colorado State Forest Serv, 5060 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM dan.west@colostate.edu; jsbriggs@usgs.gov; William.Jacobi@colostate.edu; jnegron@fs.fed.us FU US Geological Survey Land Change Science program of the Climate and Land Use Mission Area; Colorado State Forest Service; Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station FX This work was funded in part by the US Geological Survey Land Change Science program of the Climate and Land Use Mission Area; Colorado State Forest Service; and the Colorado Agricultural Experiment Station. We thank the US Forest Service, Arapaho-Roosevelt NF for logistic support and access to sampling sites. We thank James zumBrunnen and the Franklin A. Graybill Statistical Laboratory, Colorado State University, for statistical consultation and guidance. We thank Sheryl Costello for conversations and input regarding field-based study design, and Craig Allen for general guidance. We thank the US Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station for laboratory space for the rearing study. We thank Ken Raffa for collaborating on the laboratory bioassay design. We appreciate review comments provided by Jeff Witcosky and Dave Leatherman on a previous draft. We thank the field technicians Barbara West, Kevin Miller, Zach Wehr, Jake Thomsen, Paul Cigan, Tim Mapoles, Patrick Flynn, Brison Bishop, Justin Pomeranz, Eric Eden, and Peter Pavlowich for their back-breaking hauling of logs through the forests, tireless data collection, and meticulous record-keeping. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0046-225X EI 1938-2936 J9 ENVIRON ENTOMOL JI Environ. Entomol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 45 IS 1 BP 127 EP 141 DI 10.1093/ee/nvv167 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DD9UT UT WOS:000370271900016 PM 26546596 ER PT J AU Anderson, L Berkelhammer, M Barron, JA Steinman, BA Finney, BP Abbott, MB AF Anderson, Lesleigh Berkelhammer, Max Barron, John A. Steinman, Byron A. Finney, Bruce P. Abbott, Mark B. TI Lake oxygen isotopes as recorders of North American Rocky Mountain hydroclimate: Holocene patterns and variability at multi-decadal to millennial time scales SO GLOBAL AND PLANETARY CHANGE LA English DT Review DE Lake water isotopes; Holocene; Western North America; Paleoclimate; Ocean-atmosphere; Climate forcing ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; WINTER CLIMATE VARIABILITY; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; YUKON-TERRITORY; STABLE-ISOTOPES; EL-NINO; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; HYDROLOGIC VARIABILITY; ENSO VARIABILITY; COLORADO RIVER AB Lake sediment oxygen isotope records (calcium carbonate-delta O-18) in the western North American Cordillera developed during the past decade provide substantial evidence of Pacific ocean-atmosphere forcing of hydroclimatic variability during the Holocene. Here we present an overview of 18 lake sediment delta O-18 records along with a new compilation of lake water delta O-18 and delta H-2 that are used to characterize lake sediment sensitivity to precipitation delta O-18 in contrast to fractionation by evaporation. Of the 18 records, 14 have substantial sensitivity to evaporation. Two records reflect precipitation-delta O-18 since the middle Holocene, Jellybean and Bison Lakes, and are geographically positioned in the northern and southern regions of the study area. Their comparative analysis indicates a sequence of time-varying north-south precipitation-delta O-18 patterns that is evidence for a highly non-stationary influence by Pacific ocean-atmosphere processes on the hydroclimate of western North America. These observations are discussed within the context of previous research on North Pacific precipitation-delta O-18 based on empirical and modeling methods. The Jellybean and Bison Lake records indicate that a prominent precipitation-delta O-18 dipole (enriched-north and depleted-south) was sustained between-3.5 and 1.5 ka, which contrasts with earlier Holocene patterns, and appears to indicate the onset of a dominant tropical control on North Pacific ocean-atmosphere dynamics. This remains the state of the system today. Higher frequency reversals of the north-south precipitation-delta O-18 dipole between-2.5 and 1.5 ka, and during the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age, also suggest more varieties of Pacific ocean-atmosphere modes than a single Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) type analogue. Results indicate that further investigation of precipitation-delta O-18 patterns on short (observational) and long (Holocene) time scales is needed to improve our understanding of the processes that drive regional precipitation-delta O-18 responses to Pacific ocean-atmosphere variability, which in turn, will lead to a better understanding of internal Pacific ocean-atmosphere variability and its response to external climate forcing mechanisms. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Anderson, Lesleigh] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Berkelhammer, Max] Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL USA. [Barron, John A.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Steinman, Byron A.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Steinman, Byron A.] Univ Minnesota, Large Lakes Observ, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Finney, Bruce P.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Finney, Bruce P.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Geosci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. [Abbott, Mark B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Anderson, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM land@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development; National Science Foundation [AGS 1502776, EAR 090220, ARC 0909310, AGS 040206] FX The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development supported this research by Anderson and Barron. The National Science Foundation provided support for Berkelhammer (AGS 1502776), Steinman and Abbott (EAR 090220) and Finney (ARC 0909310, AGS 040206). We appreciate assistance by Paco VanSistine and Jeremy Havens with GIS and figures, Dan Engstrom for radiometric dating interpretations, Shad O'Neel, Eric Klein and Jeff Welker for sharing the 2014 Wolverine snow pit data, David Fisher for sharing the Mount Logan data, Alisa Mast for sharing lake water isotope data from the Flat Tops Wilderness of Colorado, and Nathan Stansell for assistance with lake water collections. We thank Matthew Jones, Natalie Kehrwald and an anonymous reviewer for constructive and helpful comments that greatly improved the manuscript Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government NR 122 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0921-8181 EI 1872-6364 J9 GLOBAL PLANET CHANGE JI Glob. Planet. Change PD FEB PY 2016 VL 137 BP 131 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.gloplacha.2015.12.021 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DE2JX UT WOS:000370454700011 ER PT J AU Soulard, CE Acevedo, W Stehman, SV Parker, OP AF Soulard, Christopher E. Acevedo, William Stehman, Stephen V. Parker, Owen P. TI Mapping Extent and Change in Surface Mines Within the United States for 2001 to 2006 SO LAND DEGRADATION & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE mining; land cover; land use; land change; United States ID LAND-COVER DATA; THEMATIC ACCURACY; DATABASE; AREA AB A complete, spatially explicit dataset illustrating the 21st century mining footprint for the conterminous United States does not exist. To address this need, we developed a semi-automated procedure to map the country's mining footprint (30-m pixel) and establish a baseline to monitor changes in mine extent over time. The process uses mine seed points derived from the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), and USGS National Land Cover Dataset (NLCD) and recodes patches of barren land that meet a distance to seed requirement and a patch area requirement before mapping a pixel as mining. Seed points derived from EIA coal points, an edited MRDS point file, and 1992 NLCD mine points were used in three separate efforts using different distance and patch area parameters for each. The three products were then merged to create a 2001 map of moderate-to-large mines in the United States, which was subsequently manually edited to reduce omission and commission errors. This process was replicated using NLCD 2006 barren pixels as a base layer to create a 2006 mine map and a 2001-2006 mine change map focusing on areas with surface mine expansion. In 2001, 8,324km(2) of surface mines were mapped. The footprint increased to 9,181km(2) in 2006, representing a 103% increase over 5years. These methods exhibit merit as a timely approach to generate wall-to-wall, spatially explicit maps representing the recent extent of a wide range of surface mining activities across the country. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Soulard, Christopher E.; Parker, Owen P.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Acevedo, William] US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Stehman, Stephen V.] SUNY Syracuse, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, 322 Bray Hall,1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Soulard, CE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM csoulard@usgs.gov OI Soulard, Christopher/0000-0002-5777-9516 FU USGS Land Change Science; USGS [G12AC20221] FX This research was supported by the USGS Land Change Science and USGS Climate Research and Development programs and Cooperative Agreement G12AC20221 provided by USGS to SUNY ESF. We would also like to thank Michael Stier, Roger Auch, Mark Drummond, Steven Kambly, and Steve Methven for their assessment of provisional map products as well as Terry Slonecker and Michael Baker for their internal review of the manuscript. Lastly, we would like to credit external peer reviewers for their suggestions. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 54 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1085-3278 EI 1099-145X J9 LAND DEGRAD DEV JI Land Degrad. Dev. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 27 IS 2 BP 248 EP 257 DI 10.1002/ldr.2412 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA DD8CJ UT WOS:000370151700015 ER PT J AU Pauchard, A Milbau, A Albihn, A Alexander, J Nun, MA Daehler, C Englund, G Essl, F Evengard, B Greenwood, GB Haider, S Lenoir, J McDougall, K Muths, E Nunez, MA Olofsson, J Pellissier, L Rabitsch, W Rew, LJ Robertson, M Sanders, N Kueffer, C AF Pauchard, Anibal Milbau, Ann Albihn, Ann Alexander, Jake Burgess, Treena Daehler, Curtis Englund, Goran Essl, Franz Evengard, Birgitta Greenwood, Gregory B. Haider, Sylvia Lenoir, Jonathan McDougall, Keith Muths, Erin Nunez, Martin A. Olofsson, Johan Pellissier, Loic Rabitsch, Wolfgang Rew, Lisa J. Robertson, Mark Sanders, Nathan Kueffer, Christoph TI Non-native and native organisms moving into high elevation and high latitude ecosystems in an era of climate change: new challenges for ecology and conservation SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS LA English DT Article DE Alien species; Arctic; Exotic species; Biosecurity; Migration; Range expansion; Risk; Sub-polar ID NILE-VIRUS-INFECTION; RANGE SHIFTS; SPECIES RICHNESS; INVASIONS; BIODIVERSITY; GRADIENTS; CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; TEMPERATURE; POPULATIONS; MUTUALISMS AB Cold environments at high elevation and high latitude are often viewed as resistant to biological invasions. However, climate warming, land use change and associated increased connectivity all increase the risk of biological invasions in these environments. Here we present a summary of the key discussions of the workshop 'Biosecurity in Mountains and Northern Ecosystems: Current Status and Future Challenges' (Flen, Sweden, 1-3 June 2015). The aims of the workshop were to (1) increase awareness about the growing importance of species expansion-both non-native and native-at high elevation and high latitude with climate change, (2) review existing knowledge about invasion risks in these areas, and (3) encourage more research on how species will move and interact in cold environments, the consequences for biodiversity, and animal and human health and wellbeing. The diversity of potential and actual invaders reported at the workshop and the likely interactions between them create major challenges for managers of cold environments. However, since these cold environments have experienced fewer invasions when compared with many warmer, more populated environments, prevention has a real chance of success, especially if it is coupled with prioritisation schemes for targeting invaders likely to have greatest impact. Communication and co-operation between cold environment regions will facilitate rapid response, and maximise the use of limited research and management resources. C1 [Pauchard, Anibal] Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Concepcion, Chile. [Pauchard, Anibal] Inst Ecol & Biodivers, Santiago, Chile. [Milbau, Ann] Umea Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, Climate Impacts Res Ctr, S-98107 Umea, Sweden. [Milbau, Ann] Res Inst Nat & Forest, Dept Biodivers & Nat Environm, Brussels, Belgium. [Albihn, Ann] Natl Vet Inst, S-75189 Uppsala, Sweden. [Albihn, Ann] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biomed Sci & Vet Publ Hlth, Uppsala, Sweden. [Alexander, Jake; Kueffer, Christoph] ETH, Dept Environm Syst Sci, Inst Integrat Biol, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland. [Burgess, Treena] Murdoch Univ, Ctr Phytophthora Sci & Management, Perth, WA 6150, Australia. [Daehler, Curtis] Univ Hawaii, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Englund, Goran; Olofsson, Johan] Umea Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Essl, Franz] Univ Vienna, Div Conservat Biol Vegetat & Landscape Ecol, A-1030 Vienna, Austria. [Essl, Franz; Rabitsch, Wolfgang] Environm Agcy Austria, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. [Evengard, Birgitta] Umea Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Clin Microbiol, S-90187 Umea, Sweden. [Greenwood, Gregory B.] Univ Bern, Inst Geog, Mt Res Initiat, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. [Haider, Sylvia] Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol Geobot & Bot Garden, D-06108 Halle, Saale, Germany. [Haider, Sylvia] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Leipzig, Germany. [Lenoir, Jonathan] Univ Picardie Jules Verne, UR Ecol & Dynam Syst Anthropises EDYSAN, FRE CNRS UPJV 3498, F-80000 Amiens, France. [McDougall, Keith] La Trobe Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Evolut, Wodonga, Vic 3689, Australia. [Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Nunez, Martin A.] Univ Nacl Comahue, INIBIOMA, CONICET, Grp Ecol Invas, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Pellissier, Loic] ETH, Landscape Ecol, Inst Terr Ecosyst, Zurich, Switzerland. [Pellissier, Loic] Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Rew, Lisa J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Robertson, Mark] Univ Pretoria, Dept Zool & Entomol, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Sanders, Nathan] Univ Copenhagen, Nat Hist Museum Denmark, Ctr Macroecol Evolut & Climate, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Kueffer, Christoph] Univ Stellenbosch, Dept Bot & Zool, Ctr Invas Biol, ZA-7602 Matieland, South Africa. RP Pauchard, A (reprint author), Univ Concepcion, Fac Ciencias Forestales, Casilla 160-C, Concepcion, Chile. EM pauchard@udec.cl RI Haider, Sylvia/M-2990-2014; Burgess, Treena/G-4770-2011; publicationpage, cmec/B-4405-2017 OI Burgess, Treena/0000-0002-7962-219X; FU Mountain Research Initiative (MRI) of the University of Bern (Switzerland); Marcus Wallenberg Foundation for International Scientific Collaboration; Oscar and Lili Lamms Remembrance Foundation; Arctic Research Centre at Umea University (ARCUM); Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC); CONICYT, Chile [PFB-23]; Ministry of Economy, Chile [ICM P05-002]; Environment Agency Austria; Swedish Research Council [VR 2012-6252] FX The workshop was supported through funding by the Mountain Research Initiative (MRI) of the University of Bern (Switzerland), the Marcus Wallenberg Foundation for International Scientific Collaboration, the Oscar and Lili Lamms Remembrance Foundation, the Arctic Research Centre at Umea University (ARCUM), and the Climate Impacts Research Centre (CIRC). AP is supported by CONICYT, Chile grant PFB-23 and the Ministry of Economy, Chile grant ICM P05-002. FE and WR acknowledge support from the Environment Agency Austria. AM, AP, JL and MN acknowledge support from the Swedish Research Council (VR 2012-6252). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This manuscript is US Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative product no. 534. NR 55 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 32 U2 89 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1387-3547 EI 1573-1464 J9 BIOL INVASIONS JI Biol. Invasions PD FEB PY 2016 VL 18 IS 2 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.1007/s10530-015-1025-x PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DD6WV UT WOS:000370066200003 ER PT J AU Kern, MM Guzy, JC Lovich, JE Gibbons, JW Dorcas, ME AF Kern, Maximilian M. Guzy, Jacquelyn C. Lovich, Jeffrey E. Gibbons, J. Whitfield Dorcas, Michael E. TI Relationships of maternal body size and morphology with egg and clutch size in the diamondback terrapin, Malaclemys terrapin (Testudines: Emydidae) SO BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE constraint; optimal egg size; reproduction; reptile; turtle ID TURTLES CHELYDRA-SERPENTINA; FRESH-WATER TURTLES; KINOSTERNON-INTEGRUM; CHRYSEMYS-PICTA; CONSTRAINT; PATTERNS; SEX; COMPETITION; HYPOTHESIS; ALLOCATION AB Because resources are finite, female animals face trade-offs between the size and number of offspring they are able to produce during a single reproductive event. Optimal egg size (OES) theory predicts that any increase in resources allocated to reproduction should increase clutch size with minimal effects on egg size. Variations of OES predict that egg size should be optimized, although not necessarily constant across a population, because optimality is contingent on maternal phenotypes, such as body size and morphology, and recent environmental conditions. We examined the relationships among body size variables (pelvic aperture width, caudal gap height, and plastron length), clutch size, and egg width of diamondback terrapins from separate but proximate populations at Kiawah Island and Edisto Island, South Carolina. We found that terrapins do not meet some of the predictions of OES theory. Both populations exhibited greater variation in egg size among clutches than within, suggesting an absence of optimization except as it may relate to phenotype/habitat matching. We found that egg size appeared to be constrained by more than just pelvic aperture width in Kiawah terrapins but not in the Edisto population. Terrapins at Edisto appeared to exhibit osteokinesis in the caudal region of their shells, which may aid in the oviposition of large eggs. (C) 2015 The Linnean Society of London C1 [Kern, Maximilian M.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Guzy, Jacquelyn C.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Lovich, Jeffrey E.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Gibbons, J. Whitfield] Savannah River Ecol Lab, PO Drawer E, Aiken, SC 29802 USA. [Dorcas, Michael E.] Davidson Coll, Dept Biol, Davidson, NC 28035 USA. RP Kern, MM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM maxkern@ucdavis.edu OI Lovich, Jeffrey/0000-0002-7789-2831 FU Davidson College Faculty Research grant; Department of Biology at Davidson College; Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid of Research; Davidson College Animal Care and Use Committee FX This project was supported by a Davidson College Faculty Research grant to M. Dorcas, the Department of Biology at Davidson College, and a Sigma Xi Grant-In-Aid of Research. Wyndam Vacation Rentals, and, in particular, A. Baker, provided housing during some of our research. For assistance in the field, we thank all the volunteers and SCDNR employees at the Botany Bay Wildlife Management Area, especially B. Kellett, B. Rawl, C. Renkas, and K. Price, as well as T. Rainwater, and B. VanSkoik. For help in sampling and processing turtles over the years, we thank the University of Georgia-Savannah River Ecology Laboratory, Davidson College, and Kiawah Nature center personnel, especially L. King, N. Boehm, and J. Feary. We thank M. Hoyle for her assistance with finding volunteers and various other logistics, and also for providing housing for the duration of the project. Our gratitude is extended to B. Cribb (Charleston Veterinary Care) for the use of his X-radiography equipment and also to W. Roosenburg for providing us with the regression equation used to estimate egg mass from EW with which to aid our calculations of maternal body condition. We thank E. Jacobson for permission to use his photograph of a turtle skeleton used in Figure 1A. This manuscript was greatly improved by the comments provided by M. Stanback and three anonymous reviewers. Research was conducted under SCDNR Scientific Terrapin Collection Permit numbers SCI13-0100 and SCI11-0492 under the auspices of the Davidson College Animal Care and Use Committee. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 27 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0024-4066 EI 1095-8312 J9 BIOL J LINN SOC JI Biol. J. Linnean Soc. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 117 IS 2 BP 295 EP 304 DI 10.1111/bij.12655 PG 10 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA DD8ET UT WOS:000370158900010 ER PT J AU Samolczyk, MA Vallance, JW Cubley, JF Osborn, GD Clark, DH AF Samolczyk, Mary A. Vallance, James W. Cubley, Joel F. Osborn, Gerald D. Clark, Douglas H. TI Geochemical characterization and dating of R tephra, a postglacial marker bed in Mount Rainier National Park, Washington, USA SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF EARTH SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID NEW-ZEALAND; PISTON SAMPLER; HOLOCENE; GLACIER; LAKE; AGE; SEDIMENTS; ANDESITE; ERUPTION; ROCKS AB The oldest postglacial lapilli-ash tephra recognized in sedimentary records surrounding Mount Rainier (Washington State, USA) is R tephra, a very early Holocene deposit that acts as an important stratigraphic and geochronologic marker bed. This multidisciplinary study incorporates tephrostratigraphy, radiocarbon dating, petrography, and electron microprobe analysis to characterize R tephra. Tephra samples were collected from Tipsoo Lake and a stream-cut exposure in the Cowlitz Divide area of Mount Rainier National Park. Field evidence from 25 new sites suggests that R tephra locally contains internal bedding and has a wider distribution than previously reported. Herein, we provide the first robust suite of geochemical data that characterize the tephra. Glass compositions are heterogeneous, predominantly ranging from andesite to rhyolite in ash-to lapilli-sized clasts. The mineral assemblage consists of plagioclase, orthopyroxene, clinopyroxene, and magnetite with trace apatite and ilmenite. Subaerial R tephra deposits appear more weathered in hand sample than subaqueous deposits, but weathering indices suggest negligible chemical weathering in both deposits. Statistical analysis of radiocarbon ages provides a median age for R tephra of similar to 10 050 cal years BP, and a 2 sigma error range between 9960 and 10 130 cal years BP. C1 [Samolczyk, Mary A.; Osborn, Gerald D.] Univ Calgary, Dept Geosci, 2500 Univ Dr NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada. [Vallance, James W.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Cubley, Joel F.] Yukon Coll, Ctr Northern Innovat Min, 500 Coll Dr, Whitehorse, YT Y1A 5K4, Canada. [Clark, Douglas H.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Geol, 516 High St, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA. RP Samolczyk, MA (reprint author), Yukon Coll, Sch Sci, 500 Coll Dr, Whitehorse, YT Y1A 5K4, Canada. EM msamolczyk@yukoncollege.yk.ca FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) [9026] FX This research was supported by funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) to G. Osborn (Grant No. 9026) and M. Samolczyk (PGS-M). Robert Marr at the University of Calgary and Leslie Hayden at the USGS are thanked for their assistance in microprobe analyses. Nigel Davies, Niki Clark, and Jezra Beaulieu contributed to the fieldwork component of this project. Cynthia Gardner, David Lowe, and Stephen Kuehn are thanked for their constructive comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA SN 0008-4077 EI 1480-3313 J9 CAN J EARTH SCI JI Can. J. Earth Sci. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 53 IS 2 BP 202 EP 217 DI 10.1139/cjes-2015-0115 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DD6QC UT WOS:000370047700008 ER PT J AU Iwanowicz, LR Blazer, VS Pinkney, AE Guy, CP Major, AM Munney, K Mierzykowski, S Lingenfelser, S Secord, A Patnode, K Kubiak, TJ Stern, C Hahn, CM Iwanowicz, DD Walsh, HL Sperry, A AF Iwanowicz, L. R. Blazer, V. S. Pinkney, A. E. Guy, C. P. Major, A. M. Munney, K. Mierzykowski, S. Lingenfelser, S. Secord, A. Patnode, K. Kubiak, T. J. Stern, C. Hahn, C. M. Iwanowicz, D. D. Walsh, H. L. Sperry, A. TI Evidence of estrogenic endocrine disruption in smallmouth and largemouth bass inhabiting Northeast US national wildlife refuge waters: A reconnaissance study SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY LA English DT Article DE Intersex; Smallmouth bass; Estrogen; Endocrine disruption; National wildlife refuge ID INTERSEX TESTICULAR OOCYTES; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; STEROID ESTROGENS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; POTOMAC RIVER; FISH; CHEMICALS; EXPOSURE; VITELLOGENIN; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL AB Intersex as the manifestation of testicular oocytes (TO) in male gonochoristic fishes has been used as an indicator of estrogenic exposure. Here we evaluated largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) or small mouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) form 19 National Wildlife Refuges (NWRs) in the Northeast U.S. inhabiting waters on or near NWR lands for evidence of estrogenic endocrine disruption. Waterbodies sampled included rivers, lakes, impoundments, ponds, and reservoirs. Here we focus on evidence of endocrine disruption in male bass evidenced by gonad histopathology including intersex or abnormal plasma vitellogenin (Vtg) concentrations. During the fall seasons of 2008-2010, we collected male smallmouth bass (n=118) from 12 sites and largemouth bass (n=173) from 27 sites. Intersex in male smallmouth bass was observed at all sites and ranged from 60% to 100%; in male largemouth bass the range was 0-100%. Estrogenicity, as measured using a bioluminescent yeast reporter, was detected above the probable no effects concentration (0.73 ng/L) in ambient water samples from 79% of the NWR sites. Additionally, the presence of androgen receptor and glucocorticoid receptor ligands were noted as measured via novel nuclear receptor translocation assays. Mean plasma Vtg was elevated ( > 0.2 mg/ml) in male smallmouth bass at four sites and in male largemouth bass at one site. This is the first reconnaissance survey of this scope conducted on US National Wildlife Refuges. The baseline data collected here provide a necessary benchmark for future monitoring and justify more comprehensive NWR-specific studies. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Iwanowicz, L. R.; Blazer, V. S.; Hahn, C. M.; Iwanowicz, D. D.; Walsh, H. L.; Sperry, A.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Pinkney, A. E.; Guy, C. P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chesapeake Bay Field Off, Annapolis, MD USA. [Major, A. M.; Munney, K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New England Field Off, Concord, NH USA. [Mierzykowski, S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Maine Field Off, Orono, ME USA. [Lingenfelser, S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Virginia Field Off, Gloucester, VA USA. [Secord, A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Penn Field Off, State Coll, PA USA. [Patnode, K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New York Field Off, Cortland, NY USA. [Kubiak, T. J.; Stern, C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Jersey Field Off, Pleasantville, NJ USA. RP Iwanowicz, LR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, Kearneysville, WV USA. EM liwanowicz@usgs.gov OI Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178 FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Environmental Quality FX This study was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Environmental Quality. The USGS Priority Ecosystems, Contaminant Biology and Fisheries Programs also contributed to this work. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We thank the 50 or so U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service biologists, NWR managers and State fisheries biologists who assisted with logistics and field work. NR 60 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 20 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0147-6513 EI 1090-2414 J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 124 BP 50 EP 59 DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.09.035 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA DD4GR UT WOS:000369881000007 PM 26454754 ER PT J AU Houghton, BF Taddeucci, J Andronico, D Gonnermann, HM Pistolesi, M Patrick, MR Orr, TR Swanson, DA Edmonds, M Gaudin, D Carey, RJ Scarlato, P AF Houghton, B. F. Taddeucci, J. Andronico, D. Gonnermann, H. M. Pistolesi, M. Patrick, M. R. Orr, T. R. Swanson, D. A. Edmonds, M. Gaudin, D. Carey, R. J. Scarlato, P. TI Stronger or longer: Discriminating between Hawaiian and Strombolian eruption styles SO GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EXPLOSIVE ACTIVITY; CLASSIFICATION; INSIGHTS; VOLUME; PLUME; VIDEO AB The weakest explosive volcanic eruptions globally, Strombolian explosions and Hawaiian fountaining, are also the most common. Yet, despite over a hundred years of observations, no classifications have offered a convincing, quantitative way of demarcating these two styles. New observations show that the two styles are distinct in their eruptive time scale, with the duration of Hawaiian fountaining exceeding Strombolian explosions by similar to 300-10,000 s. This reflects the underlying process of whether shallow-exsolved gas remains trapped in the erupting magma or is decoupled from it. We propose here a classification scheme based on the duration of events (brief explosions versus prolonged fountains) with a cutoff at 300 s that separates transient Strombolian explosions from sustained Hawaiian fountains. C1 [Houghton, B. F.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Taddeucci, J.; Gaudin, D.; Scarlato, P.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-00143 Rome, Italy. [Andronico, D.] Osservatorio Etneo, Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Gonnermann, H. M.] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Pistolesi, M.] Univ Florence, Dipartimento Sci Terra, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Patrick, M. R.; Orr, T. R.; Swanson, D. A.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Volcanoes Natl Pk, Honolulu, HI 96718 USA. [Edmonds, M.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Earth Sci, Cambridge CB2 3EQ, England. [Carey, R. J.] Univ Tasmania, Sch Phys Sci, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia. RP Houghton, BF (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM bhought@soest.hawaii.edu RI Pistolesi, Marco/G-5365-2011; Scarlato, Piergiorgio/G-1714-2015; OI Pistolesi, Marco/0000-0002-5096-3708; Scarlato, Piergiorgio/0000-0003-1933-0192; Gaudin, Damien/0000-0001-5888-9269 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0409303, EAR-0810332, EAR-1145159, EAR-1427357]; American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (grant via the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory) [113153] FX The authors wish to acknowledge grants from the National Science Foundation (grants EAR-0409303, EAR-0810332, EAR-1145159, EAR-1427357) and the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act (grant 113153 via the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory), which funded this research. We are also grateful to Jim Kauahikaua for his support throughout the study and to Maria Janebo and Samantha Weaver for review of the manuscript and invaluable assistance in the field. We highly appreciate insightful constructive reviews by Kimberly Genareau and especially Lucia Gurioli, Letizia Spampinato, Heather Wright, and an anonymous reviewer. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 0091-7613 EI 1943-2682 J9 GEOLOGY JI Geology PD FEB PY 2016 VL 44 IS 2 BP 163 EP 166 DI 10.1130/G37423.1 PG 4 WC Geology SC Geology GA DD7AL UT WOS:000370075900023 ER PT J AU Athens, ND Glen, JMG Klemperer, SL Egger, AE Fontiveros, VC AF Athens, Noah D. Glen, Jonathan M. G. Klemperer, Simon L. Egger, Anne E. Fontiveros, Valentina C. TI Hidden intrabasin extension: Evidence for dike-fault interaction from magnetic, gravity, and seismic reflection data in Surprise Valley, northeastern California SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID PREEXISTING STRUCTURE; CONTINENTAL RIFT; RANGE PROVINCE; WARNER RANGE; BASIN; NEVADA; EMPLACEMENT; ACCOMMODATION; SEGMENTATION; EVOLUTION AB The relative contributions of tectonic and magmatic processes to continental rifting are highly variable. Magnetic, gravity, and seismic reflection data from Surprise Valley, California, in the northwest Basin and Range, reveal an intrabasin, fault-controlled, similar to 10-m-thick dike at a depth of similar to 150 m, providing an excellent example of the interplay between faulting and dike intrusion. The dike, likely a composite structure representing multiple successive intrusions, is inferred from modeling a positive magnetic anomaly that extends similar to 35 km and parallels the basin-bounding Surprise Valley normal fault on the west side of the valley. A two-dimensional high-resolution seismic reflection profile acquired across the magnetic high images a normal fault dipping 56 degrees E with similar to 275 m of throw buried similar to 60 m below the surface. Densely spaced gravity measurements reveal a <1 mGal gravity low consistent with the fault offset inferred from the seismic data. Collinearity of the magnetic high and gravity low for similar to 6 km implies normal fault control of the dike along that length. The unusually shallow angle of the dike suggests that motion along the fault (perhaps aided by reduced friction along the dike) and associated block rotation resulted in post-intrusion tilting of the dike. The source of the dike is likely related to a shallow brittle-ductile transition zone that was elevated following rapid slip on the Surprise Valley fault after 3 Ma. Prior to our work, the Surprise Valley fault was assumed to accommodate the vast majority of extension across the region. Our results indicate that subsurface features, although no longer active, are significant contributors to the processes, timing, and total amount of extension observed in continental rift environments. C1 [Athens, Noah D.; Glen, Jonathan M. G.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Athens, Noah D.; Klemperer, Simon L.; Fontiveros, Valentina C.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, 397 Panama Mall,Mitchell Bldg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Egger, Anne E.] Cent Washington Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 400 E Univ Way, Washington, WA 98926 USA. [Athens, Noah D.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 450 Serra Mall Bldg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Athens, ND (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.; Athens, ND (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, 397 Panama Mall,Mitchell Bldg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.; Athens, ND (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 450 Serra Mall Bldg, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM nathens@stanford.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; Stanford University FX We are indebted to all the volunteers who helped collect data, in particular Claire Bouligand, Bruce Chuchel, Kevin Denton, Nate Levine, Erin Looby, Nellie Olsen, and Alex Yu. We also thank Rick Blakely, Agust Gudmundsson, Francesco Mazzarini, and one anonymous reviewer for providing comments that greatly improved the manuscript. Magnetic and gravity acquisition was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey and Stanford University. Seismic data acquisition was funded by Stanford University, using recording equipment from the IRIS-PASSCAL (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology-Portable Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere) equipment pool. Landmark Geophysical generously donated the ProMAX software license used for reflection processing. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 15 EP 25 DI 10.1130/GES01173.1 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC9KA UT WOS:000369539200002 ER PT J AU Mankinen, EA Wentworth, CM AF Mankinen, Edward A. Wentworth, Carl M. TI Paleomagnetic record determined in cores from deep research wells in the Quaternary Santa Clara basin, California SO GEOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID MONO LAKE EXCURSION; TRANSITIONALLY MAGNETIZED LAVAS; GEOMAGNETIC POLARITY REVERSAL; SCIENTIFIC DRILLING PROJECT; INSTABILITY TIME-SCALE; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LATE MATUYAMA CHRON; CHAINE DES PUYS; ALBUQUERQUE VOLCANOS; CANARY-ISLANDS AB Paleomagnetic study of cores from six deep wells provides an independent temporal framework for much of the alluvial stratigraphy of the Quaternary basin beneath the Santa Clara Valley. This stratigraphy consists of 8 upward-fining cycles in the upper 300 m of section and an underlying 150 m or more of largely fine-grained sediment. The eight cycles have been correlated with the marine oxygen isotope record, thus providing one means of dating the section. The section has also proved to contain a rich paleomagnetic record despite the intermittent sedimentation characteristic of alluvial environments. Each well was designed to reach a depth of similar to 300 m, although 2 were terminated at shallower depth where bedrock was encountered and one (GUAD) was deepened to bedrock at 407.2 m. Cores were taken at intermittent intervals in most of the wells, composing similar to 20%-25% of their depths. In GUAD an attempt was made to core the entire upper 300 m, with core recovery of 201.8 m (67%). The paleomagnetic framework ranges from the 32 ka Mono Lake excursion near the top of the second sedimentary cycle to below the 780 ka Brunhes-Matuyama geomagnetic reversal beneath the eighth cycle. These ages nicely fit those assigned to the section based on correlation with the marine oxygen isotope record. Several episodes of anomalous magnetic inclinations were also found within the cyclic section in some of the wells. Some of the episodes of anomalous magnetic inclinations are only separated by short normal intervals in a pattern similar to that described for some well-documented excursions. We consider that a geomagnetic excursion was likely only if the anomalous inclinations were found at approximately the same stratigraphic position in more than one drill hole. A deeper time constraint is provided by the upper boundary (990 ka) of the Jaramillo Normal Polarity Subchron recognized at a depth of 302 m in one deeply penetrating well (GUAD). Approximately 100 m of normal Jaramillo section is evident below that in wells GUAD and EVGR. The reversal that we identify as the 780 ka Brunhes-Matuyama boundary, found at depths of 291-303 m in three wells, indicates an average rate of deposition in this upper section of similar to 37 cm/k.y. In GUAD, the top of the underlying normally polarized section, which we assign to the upper part of the Jaramillo Normal Polarity Subchron, was found between 301.8 and 304.5 m. The resultant 10 m of reversed polarity section above the Jaramillo seems anomalously short for this 210 k.y. part of the Matuyama Chron, during which several times that thickness of section probably should have accumulated. This observation indicates that a significant unconformity should be present in that short section between the Jaramillo Subchron and the Brunhes-Matuyama boundary. Deeper cores in two wells (GUAD and EVGR) all have normal polarity and seem to represent much of the Jaramillo Subchron, although no base for that subchron was found. The resultant minimum rate of sedimentation for this lower section beneath the unconformity is 170 cm/k.y. The Mono Lake (ca. 32 ka), Pringle Falls (ca. 210 ka), and Big Lost (ca. 565 ka) geomagnetic excursions all seem to be represented in the Santa Clara Valley wells. Possible correlations to the Laschamp (ca. 40 ka) and Blake (ca. 110 ka) excursions are also noted. Three additional excursions that have apparently not been previously reported from western North America occur within cycle 6 (between 536 and 433 ka), near the base of cycle 5 (after 433 ka), and near the middle of cycle 2 (before ca. 75 ka). C1 [Mankinen, Edward A.; Wentworth, Carl M.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 937, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Mankinen, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 937, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM emank@usgs.gov NR 122 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC PI BOULDER PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA SN 1553-040X J9 GEOSPHERE JI Geosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 35 EP 57 DI 10.1130/GES01217.1 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC9KA UT WOS:000369539200004 ER PT J AU Steffensen, KD Powell, LA Stukel, SM Winders, KR Doyle, WJ AF Steffensen, K. D. Powell, L. A. Stukel, S. M. Winders, K. R. Doyle, W. J. TI Updated assessment of hatchery-reared pallid sturgeon (Forbes & Richardson, 1905) survival in the lower Missouri River SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-ALBUS FORBES; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; POPULATION-SIZE; CONSERVATION; REPRODUCTION; PADDLEFISH; FISHES; WILD; USA AB As pallid sturgeon, Scaphirhynchus albus (Forbes & Richardson, 1905), natural reproduction and recruitment remains very minimal in the lower Missouri River from Gavins Point Dam (river kilometer [rkm] 1305.2) to the confluence with the Mississippi River (rkm 0.0), hatchery supplementation and river-wide monitoring efforts have continued. Annual survival estimates of hatchery-reared pallid sturgeon stocked in the lower Missouri River were previously estimated during 1994-2008. Low recapture rates prior to 2006 limited the data available to estimate survival, which resulted in considerable uncertainty for the estimate of annual survival of age-1 fish. Therefore, the objective was to provide more precise estimates of annual survival of pallid sturgeon using five additional years of stocking and sampling. The Cormack-Jolly-Seber model structure provided in program MARK was used to estimate the age-specific survival estimates. Over 135000 hatchery-reared pallid sturgeon were released during 1994-2011 and recaptured at a rate of 1.9%, whereby estimates for the annual survival of age-0 (O=0.048) and >age-1 (O=0.931) were similar to those previously reported, but the age-1 (O=0.403) survival estimate was 52% lower. Post hoc analysis using time-specific survival estimates indicated lower survival for age-1 fish post-2003year classes, relative to the pre-2002year classes. An analysis confirms that hatchery-reared pallid sturgeon continue to survive in the wild. However, low survival during the first 2years of life is a management concern as efforts are aimed at maximizing genetic diversity and population growth. A follow-up analysis also demonstrated the variability of capture rates and survival over time, which reinforces the need to continue to monitor and evaluate mark-recapture data. The mark-recapture efforts have provided demographic parameter estimates that remain a critical component for species recovery as these data are incorporated into population models. C1 [Steffensen, K. D.] Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Div Fisheries, 2200 North 33rd St, Lincoln, NE USA. [Powell, L. A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Stukel, S. M.] South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Yankton, SD USA. [Winders, K. R.] Missouri River Field Stn, Missouri Dept Conservat, Chillicothe, MO USA. [Doyle, W. J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Columbia, MO USA. RP Steffensen, KD (reprint author), Nebraska Game & Pk Commiss, Div Fisheries, 2200 North 33rd St, Lincoln, NE USA. EM kirk.steffensen@nebraska.gov FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Hatch Act funds through University of Nebraska Agriculture Research Division, Lincoln, Nebraska FX We thank the hatchery staff at Garrison Dam National Fish Hatchery, Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery, Blind Pony State Fish Hatchery, and Neosho National Fish Hatchery for their hard work spawning and rearing these hatchery fish. Additionally, we thank the Pallid Sturgeon Population Assessment crews from South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, Missouri Department of Conservation, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Columbia Fishery Resources Office for the use of their capture data. All the efforts put forth on the Missouri River would not be possible without funding from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and supported by Hatch Act funds through the University of Nebraska Agriculture Research Division, Lincoln, Nebraska. We acknowledge the Journal's anonymous reviewers for their comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0175-8659 EI 1439-0426 J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL JI J. Appl. Ichthyol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 3 EP 10 DI 10.1111/jai.12929 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD5XK UT WOS:000369998000001 ER PT J AU Kocovsky, PM AF Kocovsky, P. M. TI Effects of freezing on white perch Morone americana (Gmelin, 1789): implications for multivariate morphometrics SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GEOMETRIC MORPHOMETRICS; PISCES CYPRINIDAE; TRUSS; DIFFERENTIATION; FORMALIN; IRAN AB This study tested the hypothesis that duration of freezing differentially affects whole-body morphometrics of a derived teleost. Whole-body morphometrics are frequently analyzed to test hypotheses of different species, or stocks within a species, of fishes. Specimens used for morphometric analyses are typically fixed or preserved prior to analysis, yet little research has been done on how fixation or preservation methods or duration of preservation of specimens might affect outcomes of multivariate statistical analyses of differences in shape. To determine whether whole-body morphometrics changed as a result of freezing, 23 whole-body morphometrics of age-1 white perch (Morone americana) from western Lake Erie (n=211) were analyzed immediately after capture, after being held on ice overnight, and after freezing for 100 or 200days. Discriminant function analysis revealed that all four groups differed significantly from one another (P<0.0001). The first canonical axis reflected long-axis morphometrics, where there was a clear pattern of positive translation along this axis with duration of preservation. Re-classification analysis demonstrated fish were typically assigned to their original preservation class except for fish frozen 100days, which assigned mostly to frozen 200days. Morphometric comparisons using frozen fish must be done on fish frozen for identical periods of time to avoid biases related to the length of time they were frozen. Similar experiments should be conducted on other species and also using formalin- and alcohol-preserved specimens. C1 [Kocovsky, P. M.] US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. RP Kocovsky, PM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM pkocovsky@usgs.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0175-8659 EI 1439-0426 J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL JI J. Appl. Ichthyol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 92 EP 96 DI 10.1111/jai.12930 PG 5 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD5XK UT WOS:000369998000012 ER PT J AU Midway, SR Wagner, T AF Midway, S. R. Wagner, T. TI The first description of oarfish (Regalecus russellii Cuvier 1816) (Regalecidae) ageing structures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ICHTHYOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FISH C1 [Midway, S. R.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wagner, T.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Midway, SR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM smidway@lsu.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0175-8659 EI 1439-0426 J9 J APPL ICHTHYOL JI J. Appl. Ichthyol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 113 EP 116 DI 10.1111/jai.12967 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD5XK UT WOS:000369998000016 ER PT J AU Funk, WC Murphy, MA Hoke, KL Muths, E Amburgey, SM Lemmon, EM Lemmon, AR AF Funk, W. C. Murphy, M. A. Hoke, K. L. Muths, E. Amburgey, S. M. Lemmon, E. M. Lemmon, A. R. TI Elevational speciation in action? Restricted gene flow associated with adaptive divergence across an altitudinal gradient SO JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive divergence; behavioural isolation; ecological speciation; elevational gradient; gene flow; isolation-by-adaptation; Pseudacris maculata ID CHORUS FROGS PSEUDACRIS; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE DATA; REGRESSION APPROACH; THERMAL ADAPTATION; CLIMATIC ZONATION; PASSERINE BIRD AB Evolutionary theory predicts that divergent selection pressures across elevational gradients could cause adaptive divergence and reproductive isolation in the process of ecological speciation. Although there is substantial evidence for adaptive divergence across elevation, there is less evidence that this restricts gene flow. Previous work in the boreal chorus frog (Pseudacris maculata) has demonstrated adaptive divergence in morphological, life history and physiological traits across an elevational gradient from approximately 1500-3000m in the Colorado Front Range, USA. We tested whether this adaptive divergence is associated with restricted gene flow across elevation - as would be expected if incipient speciation were occurring - and, if so, whether behavioural isolation contributes to reproductive isolation. Our analysis of 12 microsatellite loci in 797 frogs from 53 populations revealed restricted gene flow across elevation, even after controlling for geographic distance and topography. Calls also varied significantly across elevation in dominant frequency, pulse number and pulse duration, which was partly, but not entirely, due to variation in body size and temperature across elevation. However, call variation did not result in strong behavioural isolation: in phonotaxis experiments, low-elevation females tended to prefer an average low-elevation call over a high-elevation call, and vice versa for high-elevation females, but this trend was not statistically significant. In summary, our results show that adaptive divergence across elevation restricts gene flow in P. maculata, but the mechanisms for this potential incipient speciation remain open. C1 [Funk, W. C.; Hoke, K. L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, 1878 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Funk, W. C.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, 1878 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Murphy, M. A.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Murphy, M. A.] Univ Wyoming, Program Ecol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Muths, E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Amburgey, S. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Amburgey, S. M.] Penn State Univ, Intercoll Grad Degree Program Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lemmon, E. M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Biol, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. [Lemmon, A. R.] Florida State Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Funk, WC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, 1878 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Funk, WC (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, 1878 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM chris.funk@colostate.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; Colorado State University (CSU) FX This paper is dedicated to the memory of David Pettus, who conducted the original research demonstrating adaptive phenotypic divergence across the Colorado Front Range in Pseudacris maculata. We also thank B. Ayers, S. Bayard de Volo, R. Greene, N. Jones, S. Mares, A. S. Perez-Umphrey, J. Swanson and M. Wilson for assistance in the field and laboratory; M. Paez, C. Pearl and two anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions on the manuscript; Pingree Park staff for logistical assistance; and the U.S. Geological Survey and Colorado State University (CSU) for funding. Our research was approved by the Colorado Division of Wildlife (permit 09HP957) and CSU Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol 09107A02). This is contribution number 516 of the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). Use of trade, product or firm names is descriptive and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 72 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 14 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1010-061X EI 1420-9101 J9 J EVOLUTION BIOL JI J. Evol. Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 29 IS 2 BP 241 EP 252 DI 10.1111/jeb.12760 PG 12 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA DD6YL UT WOS:000370070500002 PM 26363130 ER PT J AU Garver, KA Marty, GD Cockburn, SN Richard, J Hawley, LM Muller, A Thompson, RL Purcell, MK Saksida, S AF Garver, K. A. Marty, G. D. Cockburn, S. N. Richard, J. Hawley, L. M. Mueller, A. Thompson, R. L. Purcell, M. K. Saksida, S. TI Piscine reovirus, but not Jaundice Syndrome, was transmissible to Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha (Walbaum), Sockeye Salmon, Oncorhynchus nerka (Walbaum), and Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar L. SO JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Atlantic Salmon; Chinook Salmon; Jaundice Syndrome; piscine reovirus; Sockeye Salmon ID HEMATOPOIETIC NECROSIS VIRUS; EPC CELL-LINE; TIME RT-PCR; ANEMIA-VIRUS; COHO SALMON; GENE-EXPRESSION; PACIFIC SALMON; TROUT; QUANTIFICATION; CHILE AB A Jaundice Syndrome occurs sporadically among sea-pen-farmed Chinook Salmon in British Columbia, the westernmost province of Canada. Affected salmon are easily identified by a distinctive yellow discolouration of the abdominal and periorbital regions. Through traditional diagnostics, no bacterial or viral agents were cultured from tissues of jaundiced Chinook Salmon; however, piscine reovirus (PRV) was identified via RT-rPCR in all 10 affected fish sampled. By histopathology, Jaundice Syndrome is an acute to peracute systemic disease, and the time from first clinical signs to death is likely <48 h; renal tubular epithelial cell necrosis is the most consistent lesion. In an infectivity trial, Chinook Salmon, Sockeye Salmon and Atlantic Salmon, intraperitoneally inoculated with a PRV-positive organ homogenate from jaundiced Chinook Salmon, developed no gross or microscopic evidence of jaundice despite persistence of PRV for the 5-month holding period. The results from this study demonstrate that the Jaundice Syndrome was not transmissible by injection of material from infected fish and that PRV was not the sole aetiological factor for the condition. Additionally, these findings showed the Pacific coast strain of PRV, while transmissible, was of low pathogenicity for Atlantic Salmon, Chinook Salmon and Sockeye Salmon. C1 [Garver, K. A.; Cockburn, S. N.; Richard, J.; Hawley, L. M.; Mueller, A.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, 3190 Hammond Bay Rd, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada. [Marty, G. D.] Minist Agr, Ctr Anim Hlth, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. [Thompson, R. L.; Purcell, M. K.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Saksida, S.] British Columbia Ctr Aquat Hlth Sci, Campbell River, BC, Canada. RP Garver, KA (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Pacific Biol Stn, 3190 Hammond Bay Rd, Nanaimo, BC V9T 6N7, Canada. EM kyle.garver@dfo-mpo.gc.ca OI Purcell, Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433 FU Fisheries and Oceans Canada FX The authors thank Bill Bennett for preparation of the sections for histopathology and Cecile Van Woensel, Julia Bradshaw, Amelia Mahony and Bill Batts for technical assistance. Funding was provided by Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The use of trade, firm or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Interior or Department of Fisheries and Oceans Canada of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable." NR 33 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0140-7775 EI 1365-2761 J9 J FISH DIS JI J. Fish Dis. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 39 IS 2 BP 117 EP 128 DI 10.1111/jfd.12329 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Veterinary Sciences GA DD6WD UT WOS:000370064400001 PM 25630226 ER PT J AU Stewart, TJ Rudstam, L Watkins, J Johnson, TB Weidel, B Koops, MA AF Stewart, Thomas J. Rudstam, Lars Watkins, James Johnson, Timothy B. Weidel, Brian Koops, Marten A. TI Research needs to better understand Lake Ontario ecosystem function: A workshop summary SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Great Lakes; Ecology; Syntheses; Hypotheses; Monitoring; Research ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; DEEP CHLOROPHYLL LAYER; AMPHIPOD DIPOREIA SPP.; LONG-TERM TRENDS; WATER-QUALITY; BYTHOTREPHES-LONGIMANUS; ZOOPLANKTON COMMUNITY; DREISSENID MUSSELS; CHINOOK SALMON; MYSIS-RELICTA AB Lake Ontario investigators discussed and interpreted published and unpublished information during two workshops to assess our current understanding of Lake Ontario ecosystem function and to identify research needs to guide future research and monitoring activities. The purpose of this commentary is to summarize key investigative themes and hypotheses that emerged from the workshops. The outcomes of the workshop discussions are organized under four themes: spatial linkages and interactions, drivers of primary production, trophic transfer, and human interactions. (C) 2015 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Stewart, Thomas J.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Lake Ontario Management Unit, RR 4, Picton, ON KOK 2T0, Canada. [Rudstam, Lars; Watkins, James] Cornell Univ, Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA. [Johnson, Timothy B.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Aquat Res & Dev Sect, RR 4, Picton, ON KOK 2T0, Canada. [Weidel, Brian] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Ontario Biol Stn, Oswego, NY 13126 USA. [Koops, Marten A.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Lab Fisheries & Aquat Sci, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. RP Stewart, TJ (reprint author), Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Lake Ontario Management Unit, RR 4, Picton, ON KOK 2T0, Canada. EM thomasjstewart@hotmail.com RI Koops, Marten/A-4534-2010 OI Koops, Marten/0000-0002-3676-7946 FU EPA Grant, Great Lakes Restoration Initiative grant [97220700-0]; Great Lakes National Program Office; DFO; Environment Canada FX We would like to thank all the workshop participants who gave freely of their information and ideas. They were: Gary Bowen, Kelly Bowen, Greg Boyer, Katharine Bunting-Howarth, Lyubov Burlakova, Mark Burrows, Gavin Christie, Ron Dermott, Graham Dixon, Alice Dove, Abdel EI-Shaarawi, Ron Entringer, Mark Fitzpatrick, Dimitry Gorsky, Brad Hill, Kristen Holeck, Todd Howell, Nina Jakobi, Ora Johannsson, Alexander Karatayev, Brian Lantry, Steve LaPan, Bruce Lewenstein, Fred Luckey, Dave MacNeill, Brent Metcalfe, Ed Mills, Mohi Munawar, Heather Niblock, Bob O'Gorman, Chris Pennuto, Vi Richardson, Ted Schaner, Cliff Snellgrove, Gail Steinhart, Betsy Trometer, Michael Twiss, Alan Waffle, Glenn Warren, Erika Washburn, Sue Watson, Ray Yacuzzo, and Don Zelazny. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments. The workshops were partly funded by EPA Grant 97220700-0 to Cornell University as part of a Great Lakes Restoration Initiative grant through EPA Region 2 and through the Great Lakes National Program Office. Additional support was provided by DFO and Environment Canada. The interpretations and opinions presented herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the position of EPA, DFO, NYSDEC, USGS or OMNRF. The U. S. and Canadian Governments are authorized to produce and distribute reprints for governmental purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation that may appear herein. NR 66 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 1 EP 5 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.10.017 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD7PB UT WOS:000370115500001 ER PT J AU Johnson, NS Twohey, MB Miehls, SM Cwalinski, TA Godby, NA Lochet, A Slade, JW Jubar, AK Siefkes, MJ AF Johnson, Nicholas S. Twohey, Michael B. Miehls, Scott M. Cwalinski, Tim A. Godby, Neal A. Lochet, Aude Slade, Jeffrey W. Jubar, Aaron K. Siefkes, Michael J. TI Evidence that sea lampreys (Petromyzon marinus) complete their life cycle within a tributary of the Laurentian Great Lakes by parasitizing fishes in inland lakes SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Petromyzon marinus; Life history; Landlocked; Statolith; Stock recruitment; Integrated pest management ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH; MODEL; PHEROMONE; MOVEMENT; SUPERIOR; ONTARIO; STREAMS; HURON AB The sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) invaded the upper Laurentian Great Lakes and feeds on valued fish. The Cheboygan River, Michigan, USA, is a large sea lamprey producing tributary to Lake Huron and despite having a renovated dam 2 km from the river mouth that presumably blocks sea lamprey spawning migrations, the watershed upstream of the dam remains infested with larval sea lamprey. A navigational lock near the dam has been hypothesized as the means of escapement of adult sea lampreys from Lake Huron and source of the upper river population (H1). However, an alternative hypothesis (H2) is that some sea lampreys complete their life cycle upstream of the dam, without entering Lake Huron. To evaluate the alternative hypothesis, we gathered angler reports of lamprey wounds on game fishes upstream of the dam, and captured adult sea lampreys downstream and upstream of the dam to contrast abundance, run timing, size, and statolith microchemistry. Results indicate that a small population of adult sea lampreys (n < 200) completed their life cycle upstream of the dam during 2013 and 2014. This is the most comprehensive evidence that sea lampreys complete their life history within a tributary of the upper Great Lakes, and indicates that similar landlocked populations could occur in other watersheds. Because the adult sea lamprey population upstream of the dam is small, complete elimination of the already low adult escapement from Lake Huron might allow multiple control tactics such as lampricides, trapping, and sterile male release to eradicate the population. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Johnson, Nicholas S.; Miehls, Scott M.] USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Twohey, Michael B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marquette Biol Stn, 3090 Wright St, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. [Cwalinski, Tim A.; Godby, Neal A.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Northern Lake Huron Management Unit, 1732 M-32 West, Gaylord, MI 49735 USA. [Lochet, Aude] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Slade, Jeffrey W.; Jubar, Aaron K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lundington Biol Stn, 229 S Jebavy Dr, Ludington, MI 49431 USA. [Siefkes, Michael J.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM njohnson@usgs.gov FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership FX We thank the Great Lakes Fishery Commission and U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership for funding this research. We are grateful to David Stempky (MDNR) and his crew for recording boat passages through the lock. Linnea Brege, Erick Larson, Samantha Nellis, Melissa Pomranke, Sara Ruiter, John Webb, and Sara Webb were critical components of the field crew. The authors are grateful to M. Shaheen and B.J. Fryer for their assistance in the use of laser-ablation unit for statolith microchemistry analysis. Jason Krebill (USFWS) created Fig. 1. Steve Philip provided detailed reports of wounded pike in Mullett Lake. Margaret Docker, William Swink, the Associate Editor, and one anonymous reviewer provided critical comments which improved this manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This manuscript is contribution 1951 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 90 EP 98 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.10.011 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD7PB UT WOS:000370115500010 ER PT J AU Johnson, JH AF Johnson, James H. TI Effect of stocking sub-yearling Atlantic salmon on the habitat use of sub-yearling rainbow trout SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Atlantic salmon; Rainbow trout; Habitat ID LAKE-ONTARIO TRIBUTARIES; BROWN TROUT; NEW-YORK; SALAR; STEELHEAD; RIVER; SELECTION; STREAMS; PARR AB Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) restoration in the Lake Ontario watershed may depend on the species' ability to compete with naturalized non-native salmonids, including rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Lake Ontario tributaries. This study examined interspecific habitat associations between sub-yearling Atlantic salmon and rainbow trout as well as the effect of salmon stocking on trout habitat in two streams in the Lake Ontario watershed. In sympatry, Atlantic salmon occupied significantly faster velocities and deeper areas than rainbow trout. However, when examining the habitat use of rainbow trout at all allopatric and sympatric sites in both streams, trout habitat use was more diverse at the sympatric sites with an orientation for increased cover and larger substrate. In Grout Brook, where available habitat remained constant, there was evidence suggesting that trout may have shifted to slower and shallower water in the presence of salmon. The ability of sub-yearling Atlantic salmon to affect a habitat shift in rainbow trout may be due to their larger body size and/or larger pectoral fin size. Future studies examining competitive interactions between these species during their first year of stream residence should consider the size advantage that earlier emerging Atlantic salmon will have over rainbow trout. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research. C1 [Johnson, James H.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 116 EP 126 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.002 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD7PB UT WOS:000370115500013 ER PT J AU Grimm, AG Brooks, CN Binder, TR Riley, SC Farha, SA Shuchman, RA Krueger, CC AF Grimm, Amanda G. Brooks, Colin N. Binder, Thomas R. Riley, Stephen C. Farha, Steven A. Shuchman, Robert A. Krueger, Charles C. TI Identification of lake trout Salvelinus namaycush spawning habitat in northern Lake Huron using high-resolution satellite imagery SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Lake charr; Reproduction; Egg deposition; Remote sensing; Benthic vegetation; Geospatial analysis ID SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; CURRENT KNOWLEDGE; LANDSAT TM; SURVIVAL; MICHIGAN; BEHAVIOR; CLADOPHORA; DEPOSITION; SUPERIOR AB The availability and quality of spawning habitat may limit lake trout recovery in the Great Lakes, but comprehensive maps of current spawning habitats are unavailable at the basin scale. Current methods used to identify lake trout spawning locations are time- and labor-intensive and spatially limited. Due to the observation that some lake trout spawning sites are relatively clean of overlaying algae compared to adjacent areas not used for spawning, we hypothesized that spawning sites could be identified using satellite imagery. Satellite imagery collected just before and after the spawning season in 2013 was used to assess whether lake trout spawning habitat could be identified based on its spectral characteristics. Results indicated that Pleiades high-resolution multispectral satellite imagery can be successfully used to estimate the vegetative cover of substrates and temporal changes in vegetative coverage, and that models developed from processed imagery can be used to identify potential shallow water lake trout spawning sites based on comparison of sites where lake trout eggs were and were not observed after spawning. Satellite imagery is a new potential tool for identifying nearshore lake trout spawning habitat across broad areas of the Great Lakes. (C) 2015 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Grimm, Amanda G.; Brooks, Colin N.; Shuchman, Robert A.] Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, 3600 Green Ct Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Binder, Thomas R.] Michigan State Univ, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Riley, Stephen C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Farha, Steven A.] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Krueger, Charles C.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. RP Grimm, AG (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Michigan Tech Res Inst, 3600 Green Ct Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM aggrimm@mtu.edu FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust [2012-1234]; Great Lakes Fishery Commission by way of Great Lakes Restoration Initiative appropriations [GL-00E23010] FX We thank H. Thompson, D. Operhall, B. Lamoreux, B. Maitland, K. Smith, P. Wigren and R. Darnton for technical assistance in conducting field surveys and M. Sayers and M. Gould for assistance with image processing and analysis. The use of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. Funding for this project was provided by the Great Lakes Fishery Trust(Grant 2012-1234). This work was also funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission by way of Great Lakes Restoration Initiative appropriations (GL-00E23010). NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0380-1330 J9 J GREAT LAKES RES JI J. Gt. Lakes Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 42 IS 1 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.011 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DD7PB UT WOS:000370115500014 ER PT J AU Traylor, JP Zlotnik, VA AF Traylor, Jonathan P. Zlotnik, Vitaly A. TI Analytical modeling of irrigation and land use effects on streamflow in semi-arid conditions SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Streamflow; Stream depletion; Land use; Analytical modeling; Frenchman Creek; Republican River ID AQUIFER ANALYSIS TEST; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; REPUBLICAN RIVER; UNITED-STATES; HIGH-PLAINS; DEPLETION; WELLS; TIME; FLOW; DISCHARGE AB Availability and uncertainty in input data are the primary constraints of groundwater modeling. Analytical models assimilate the key and important data, but capture the major traits of the watershed. We study a baseflow-dominated stream, Frenchman Creek in southwestern Nebraska, USA, which has experienced large streamflow reductions since the 1960s and is a subject of various actions on water rights appropriation. The new element of the model is simultaneous analytical consideration of groundwater pumping and land use change effects. Analytical stream depletion rate calculations by various methods show that pumping from the 462 irrigation wells in the basin consumed a large amount of base flow. The simulated streamflow at the outlet of Frenchman Creek with minimal calibration compares favorably with observed streamflow and indicates the viability of an analytical approach to watersheds with limited hydrogeologic data. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Traylor, Jonathan P.; Zlotnik, Vitaly A.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 214 Bessey Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Traylor, Jonathan P.] US Geol Survey, Nebraska Water Sci Ctr, 5231 South 19th St, Lincoln, NE 68512 USA. RP Traylor, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Nebraska Water Sci Ctr, 5231 South 19th St, Lincoln, NE 68512 USA. EM jptraylor@huskers.unl.edu; vzlotnik1@unl.edu FU National Science Foundation's IGERT Program [DGE-0903469]; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at UNL; Nebraska Geological Society; AAPG FX Partial funding for this study was provided by the National Science Foundation's IGERT Program (grant DGE-0903469), by the Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at UNL, Nebraska Geological Society, and AAPG. The authors are thankful to J. Schneider, P. Koester, D. Hallum (all Nebraska DNR) and T. Tietjen (Republican River Restoration Partners) for providing various data, D. Eisenhauer (UNL) for input on terracing and land use effects, S. Guenthner (US Bureau of Reclamation) for providing terrace data, J.B. Gates (UNL) for time lag discussions, and F. Kwapnioski (H2O Options) for corroboration of stream water budget. We thank numerous reviewers, whose insightful advice stimulated significant improvements of modeling accuracy and results. For software availability one should contact the first author. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-1694 EI 1879-2707 J9 J HYDROL JI J. Hydrol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 533 BP 591 EP 602 DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2015.12.006 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA DD7EJ UT WOS:000370086200049 ER PT J AU Strules, J DeStefano, S AF Strules, Jennifer DeStefano, Stephen TI Seasonal foraging responses of beavers to sodium-enhanced foods: an experimental assessment with field feeding trials SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE aspen; beaver; Castor canadensis; kidney; salt drive ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; CASTOR-CANADENSIS; APLODONTIA-RUFA; POTASSIUM; SELECTION; AVAILABILITY; POPULATION; SURVIVAL; MAMMALS; BALANCE AB Salt drive is a seasonal phenomenon common to several classes of wild herbivores. Coincident with shifts of nutrient quality when plants resume growth in the spring, sodium is secondarily lost as surplus potassium is excreted. The beaver (Castor canadensis) is an herbivore whose dietary niche closely follows that of other herbivores that are subject to salt drive, but no published studies to date have assessed the likelihood of its occurrence. To quantify if beavers experience seasonal salt drive, we designed a field experiment to measure the foraging responses of beavers to sodium-enhanced foods. We used sodium-treated (salted) and control (no salt) food items (aspen [Populus tremuloides] and pine [Pinus spp.] sticks) during monthly feeding trials at beaver-occupied wetlands. If conventional ontogeny of salt drive was operant, we expected to observe greater utility of sodium-treated food items by beavers in May and June. Further, if water lilies (Nymphaea spp. and Nuphar spp.) supply beavers with sodium to meet dietary requirements as is widely speculated, we expected foraging responses to sodium-treated food items at wetlands where water lilies were absent to be greater than at wetlands where water lily was present. Aspen was selected by beavers in significantly greater amounts than pine. There was no difference between the mean percent consumed of salted and control aspen sticks by beavers at lily and non-lily wetlands, and no differences in temporal consumption associated with salted or control pine sticks at either wetland type. Salted pine was consumed in greater amounts than unsalted pine. We propose that the gastrointestinal or renal physiology of beavers may preclude solute loss, thereby preventing salt drive. C1 [Strules, Jennifer] Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [DeStefano, Stephen] Univ Massachusetts, US Geol Survey, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Strules, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Massachusetts Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. EM jstrules@gmail.com FU Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife; Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, University of Massachusetts Amherst; Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, University of Massachusetts Amherst; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Geological Survey FX This research was funded in part by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. E. Goldwater of the Biostatistics Consulting Center in the School of Public Health and Health Sciences and W. Autio of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Massachusetts-Amherst, assisted with statistical analyses and interpretation, as did A. Haro and T. Castro-Santos of the USGS S.O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory. We thank T. K. Fuller for his helpful comments on this manuscript, and N. P. Gould for creating maps. The Massachusetts Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is supported by the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, the University of Massachusetts Amherst, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Use of trade names does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 97 IS 1 BP 89 EP 101 DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyv157 PG 13 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC5AP UT WOS:000369232600009 ER PT J AU Latif, QS Ellis, MM Amundson, CL AF Latif, Quresh S. Ellis, Martha M. Amundson, Courtney L. TI A broader definition of occupancy: Comment on Hayes and Monfils SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Letter ID DETECTION PROBABILITY; RESOURCE SELECTION; POINT COUNTS; MARSH BIRDS; MODELS; INFERENCE; POPULATIONS; ANIMALS; DENSITY; HABITAT C1 [Latif, Quresh S.; Ellis, Martha M.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1648 S Seventh Ave, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Amundson, Courtney L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Latif, QS (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 1648 S Seventh Ave, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM qlatif@fs.fed.us NR 32 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 192 EP 194 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1022 PG 3 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500002 ER PT J AU Garrison, KR Cain, JW Rominger, EM Goldstein, EJ AF Garrison, Kyle R. Cain, James W., III Rominger, Eric M. Goldstein, Elise J. TI Sympatric cattle grazing and desert bighorn sheep foraging SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE activity budget; behavior; bighorn sheep; competition; foraging efficiency; livestock; New Mexico; Ovis canadensis nelsoni ID IMPALA AEPYCEROS-MELAMPUS; WHITE-TAILED DEER; MULE-DEER; NEW-MEXICO; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; LARGE HERBIVORES; BEHAVIOR; HABITAT; RANGE; DIETS AB Foraging behavior affects animal fitness and is largely dictated by the resources available to an animal. Understanding factors that affect forage resources is important for conservation and management of wildlife. Cattle sympatry is proposed to limit desert bighorn population performance, but few studies have quantified the effect of cattle foraging on bighorn forage resources or foraging behavior by desert bighorn. We estimated forage biomass for desert bighorn sheep in 2 mountain ranges: the cattle-grazed Caballo Mountains and the ungrazed San Andres Mountains, New Mexico. We recorded foraging bout efficiency of adult females by recording feeding time/step while foraging, and activity budgets of 3 age-sex classes (i.e., adult males, adult females, yearlings). We also estimated forage biomass at sites where bighorn were observed foraging. We expected lower forage biomass in the cattle-grazed Caballo range than in the ungrazed San Andres range and lower biomass at cattle-accessible versus inaccessible areas within the Caballo range. We predicted bighorn would be less efficient foragers in the Caballo range. Groundcover forage biomass was low in both ranges throughout the study (Jun 2012-Nov 2013). Browse biomass, however, was 4.7 times lower in the Caballo range versus the San Andres range. Bighorn in the Caballo range exhibited greater overall daily travel time, presumably to locate areas of higher forage abundance. By selecting areas with greater forage abundance, adult females in the Caballo range exhibited foraging bout efficiency similar to their San Andres counterparts but lower overall daily browsing time. We did not find a significant reduction in forage biomass at cattle-accessible areas in the Caballo range. Only the most rugged areas in the Caballo range had abundant forage, potentially a result of intensive historical livestock use in less rugged areas. Forage conditions in the Caballo range apparently force bighorn to increase foraging effort by feeding only in areas where adequate forage remains. (c) 2015 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Garrison, Kyle R.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, 2980 South Espina,Knox Hall 132, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Cain, James W., III] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 2980 South Espina,Knox Hall 132, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Rominger, Eric M.; Goldstein, Elise J.] New Mexico Dept Game & Fish, 1 Wildlife Way, Santa Fe, NM 87507 USA. RP Cain, JW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 2980 South Espina,Knox Hall 132, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM jwcain@nmsu.edu FU Shikar Safari Club; New Mexico Chapter of the Wildlife Society; New Mexico State University; New Mexico Department of Game and Fish; T E; Desert Bighorn Council; New Mexico Chapter of the Wild Sheep Foundation; New Mexico State University Agricultural Experiment Station FX Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank the Shikar Safari Club, New Mexico Chapter of the Wildlife Society, and New Mexico State University for scholarship support. We thank M. J. Gould, T.T. Turnbull, and T. Lubenau for assistance with field work. We thank P. C. Morrow and M. Weisenberger for logistical support and the BLM Las Cruces District Office staff for providing grazing allotment information. N. Owen-Smith and 3 anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript. New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, T & E, Desert Bighorn Council, New Mexico Chapter of the Wild Sheep Foundation, and the New Mexico State University Agricultural Experiment Station provided funding and support. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 197 EP 207 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1014 PG 11 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500004 ER PT J AU Evans, TS Kirchgessner, MS Eyler, B Ryan, CW Walter, WD AF Evans, Tyler S. Kirchgessner, Megan S. Eyler, Brian Ryan, Christopher W. Walter, W. David TI Habitat influences distribution of chronic wasting disease in white-tailed deer SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE chronic wasting disease; CWD; habitat; Northeast; Odocoileus virginianus; white-tailed deer ID MULE DEER; TEMPORAL PATTERNS; CONVERGENCE; PREVALENCE; SURVEILLANCE; WISCONSIN; PACKAGE; FOREST AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy that was first detected in 1967 in a captive research facility in Colorado. In the northeastern United States, CWD was first confirmed in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) in 2005. Because CWD is a new and emerging disease with a spatial distribution that had yet to be assessed in the Northeast, we examined demographic, environmental, and spatial effects to determine how each related to this spatial distribution. The objectives of our study were to identify environmental and spatial effects that best described the spatial distribution of CWD in free-ranging white-tailed deer and identify areas that support deer that are at risk for CWD infection in the Northeast. We used Bayesian hierarchical modeling that incorporated demographic covariates, such as sex and age, along with environmental covariates, which included elevation, slope, riparian corridor, percent clay, and 3 landscapes (i.e., developed, forested, open). The model with the most support contained landscape covariates and spatial effects that represented clustering of CWD in adjacent grid cells. Forested landscapes had the strongest relationship with the distribution of CWD, with increased risk of CWD occurring in areas that had lesser amounts of forest. Our results will assist resource managers in understanding the spatial distribution of CWD within the study area, and in surrounding areas where CWD has yet to be found. Efficiency of disease surveillance and containment efforts can be improved by allocating resources used for surveillance in areas with deer populations that are at greatest risk for infection. (c) 2015 The Wildlife Society. C1 [Evans, Tyler S.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 436 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kirchgessner, Megan S.] Virginia Dept Game & Inland Fisheries, 2206 South Main St, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Eyler, Brian] Maryland Dept Nat Resources, 14038 Blairs Valley Rd, Clear Spring, MD 21722 USA. [Ryan, Christopher W.] West Virginia Div Nat Resources, 324 4th Ave, S Charleston, WV 25303 USA. [Walter, W. David] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 403 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Walter, WD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 403 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM wdwalter@psu.edu FU U.S.Geological Survey; Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act; Pennsylvania Game Commission; West Virginia Division of Natural Resources FX We thank numerous personnel from the Maryland Department of Natural Resources, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and West Virginia Division of Natural Resources for collecting harvest data and test results that were used in this study. We also thank the Penn State Research Computing and Cyber infrastructure unit for helping us improve efficiency during the spatial modeling process. Funding for this project was received from the U.S.Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Game Commission, West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, and the Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration Act. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 51 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 284 EP 291 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1004 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500012 ER PT J AU van Manen, FT Haroldson, MA Bjornlie, DD Ebinger, MR Thompson, DJ Costello, CM White, GC AF van Manen, Frank T. Haroldson, Mark A. Bjornlie, Daniel D. Ebinger, Michael R. Thompson, Daniel J. Costello, Cecily M. White, Gary C. TI Density dependence, whitebark pine, and vital rates of grizzly bears SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE demographic change; density dependence; Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem; grizzly bear; Ursus arctos; vital rates; whitebark pine decline ID GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; AMERICAN BLACK BEARS; ADULT MALE MORTALITY; OF-THE-YEAR; BROWN BEARS; URSUS-ARCTOS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; NATIONAL-PARK; SURVIVAL ESTIMATION; POPULATION-GROWTH AB Understanding factors influencing changes in population trajectory is important for effective wildlife management, particularly for populations of conservation concern. Annual population growth of the grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, USA has slowed from 4.2-7.6% during 1983-2001 to 0.3-2.2% during 2002-2011. Substantial changes in availability of a key food source and bear population density have occurred. Whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis), the seeds of which are a valuable but variable fall food for grizzly bears, has experienced substantial mortality primarily due to a mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae) outbreak that started in the early 2000s. Positive growth rates of grizzly bears have resulted in populations reaching high densities in some areas and have contributed to continued range expansion. We tested research hypotheses to examine if changes in vital rates detected during the past decade were more associated with whitebark pine decline or, alternatively, increasing grizzly bear density. We focused our assessment on known-fate data to estimate survival of cubs-of-the-year (cubs), yearlings, and independent bears (2 yrs), and reproductive transition of females from having no offspring to having cubs. We used spatially and temporally explicit indices for grizzly bear density and whitebark pine mortality as individual covariates. Models indicated moderate support for an increase in survival of independent male bears over 1983-2012, whereas independent female survival did not change. Cub survival, yearling survival, and reproductive transition from no offspring to cubs all changed during the 30-year study period, with lower rates evident during the last 10-15 years. Cub survival and reproductive transition were negatively associated with an index of grizzly bear density, indicating greater declines where bear densities were higher. Our analyses did not support a similar relationship for the index of whitebark pine mortality. The results of our study support the interpretation that slowing of population growth during the last decade was associated more with increasing grizzly bear density than the decline in whitebark pine. Grizzly bear density and its potential effect on vital rates and population trajectory warrant consideration for management of the grizzly bear population in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [van Manen, Frank T.; Haroldson, Mark A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Bjornlie, Daniel D.; Thompson, Daniel J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, 260 Buena Vista, Lander, WY 82520 USA. [Ebinger, Michael R.; Costello, Cecily M.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Univ Hall,Room 309, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [White, Gary C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP van Manen, FT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Interagency Grizzly Bear Study Team, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. EM fvanmanen@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Bear Management Office of the Yellowstone Center for Resources at Yellowstone National Park; Grand Teton National Park; U. S. Forest Service; Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Idaho Game and Fish; Wind River Fish and Game Departments of the Shoshone and Arapaho Tribes FX We thank pilots S. G. Ard, N. Cadwell, G. E. Hyatt, G. C. Lust, S. T. Monger, K. Overfield, T. N. Schell, A. R. Spencer, D. J. Stinson, D. I. Stradley, R. I. Stradley, C. E. Tyrrel, and B. Warren for conducting observation and telemetry flights. Many people were instrumental in sample collection and analyses and provided miscellaneous support, including C. R. Anderson, C. D. Atkinson, K. T. Bales, J. M. Ball, S. A. Becker, M. J. Biel, B. M. Blanchard, D. W. Blanton, M. J, Boyce, J. E. Brown, M. T. Bruscino, S. L. Cain, I. Caudwell, J. G. Clapp, C. C. Clark, B. L. Debolt, S. R. Dewey, C. A. Dickinson, L. R. Ellsbury, K. L. Frey, Z. W. Gregory, R. G. Grogan, K. A. Gunther, C. L. Hendrix, P. A. Hnilicka, C. E. Hockenbary, M. J. Hooker, G. W. Holm, K. D. Inberg, A. Johnson, J. J. Jonkel, J. L. Kershner, L. I. Knox, M. J. Lamoreux, L. A. Landenburger, D. L. Lasseter, S. Lockwood, L. M. Lofgren, C. B. McQueary, N. J. Miles, D. S. Moody, K. E. Orozco, S. R. Podruzny, T. D. Ritter, S. L. Schmitz, B. O. Schleyer, C. Servheen, R. R. Shoemaker, J. F. Smith, K. Smith, B. Snyder, S. C. Soileau, R. L. St. Clair, M. A. Ternent, W. W. Thayer, S. D. Thompson, R. F. Trebelcock, Z. L. Turnbull, M. Urquhart, M. Wegan, C. L. Whitman, J. L. Wilmot, K. R. Wilmot, and D. Wroe. We thank K. K. West for valuable editorial support and J. S. Laufenberg for review of a previous draft of the manuscript as part of the USGS Fundamental Science Practices. We thank former study team leaders R. R. Knight and C. C. Schwartz for their foresight and diligence to establish the long-term datasets that formed the basis for the analyses presented here. Funds and support for this research were provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Bear Management Office of the Yellowstone Center for Resources at Yellowstone National Park; Grand Teton National Park; U. S. Forest Service; Wyoming Game and Fish Department; Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Idaho Game and Fish; and the Wind River Fish and Game Departments of the Shoshone and Arapaho Tribes. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 96 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 34 U2 64 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 300 EP 313 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1005 PG 14 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500014 ER PT J AU Kendall, KC Macleod, AC Boyd, KL Boulanger, J Royle, JA Kasworm, WF Paetkau, D Proctor, MF Annis, K Graves, TA AF Kendall, Katherine C. Macleod, Amy C. Boyd, Kristina L. Boulanger, John Royle, J. Andrew Kasworm, Wayne F. Paetkau, David Proctor, Michael F. Annis, Kim Graves, Tabitha A. TI Density, distribution, and genetic structure of grizzly bears in the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE bear rub; Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem; density estimation; genetic detection; grizzly bear; hair corral; Huggins-Pledger capture-recapture models; pedigree; spatially explicit capture-recapture models; Ursus arctos ID ESTIMATING POPULATION-SIZE; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; GLACIER NATIONAL-PARK; BROWN BEARS; BLACK BEARS; MONTANA; MARK; CONSERVATION; DEMOGRAPHICS; ABUNDANCE AB The conservation status of the 2 threatened grizzly bear (Ursus arctos) populations in the Cabinet-Yaak Ecosystem (CYE) of northern Montana and Idaho had remained unchanged since designation in 1975; however, the current demographic status of these populations was uncertain. No rigorous data on population density and distribution or analysis of recent population genetic structure were available to measure the effectiveness of conservation efforts. We used genetic detection data from hair corral, bear rub, and opportunistic sampling in traditional and spatial capture-recapture models to generate estimates of abundance and density of grizzly bears in the CYE. We calculated mean bear residency on our sampling grid from telemetry data using Huggins and Pledger models to estimate the average number of bears present and to correct our superpopulation estimates for lack of geographic closure. Estimated grizzly bear abundance (all sex and age classes) in the CYE in 2012 was 48-50 bears, approximately half the population recovery goal. Grizzly bear density in the CYE (4.3-4.5 grizzly bears/1,000 km(2)) was among the lowest of interior North American populations. The sizes of the Cabinet (n=22-24) and Yaak (n=18-22) populations were similar. Spatial models produced similar estimates of abundance and density with comparable precision without requiring radio-telemetry data to address assumptions of geographic closure. The 2 populations in the CYE were demographically and reproductively isolated from each other and the Cabinet population was highly inbred. With parentage analysis, we documented natural migrants to the Cabinet and Yaak populations by bears born to parents in the Selkirk and Northern Continental Divide populations. These events supported data from other sources suggesting that the expansion of neighboring populations may eventually help sustain the CYE populations. However, the small size, isolation, and inbreeding documented by this study demonstrate the need for comprehensive management designed to support CYE population growth and increased connectivity and gene flow with other populations. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Kendall, Katherine C.; Graves, Tabitha A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Field Stn, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Macleod, Amy C.] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Boyd, Kristina L.] Yaak Forest Council, 212 Minor Lake Rd, Troy, MT 59935 USA. [Boulanger, John] Integrated Ecol Res, 924 Innes St, Nelson, BC V1L 5T2, Canada. [Royle, J. Andrew] US Geol Survey, Patuxant Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Kasworm, Wayne F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 385 Fish Hatchery Rd, Libby, MT 59923 USA. [Paetkau, David] Wildlife Genet Int, Box 274, Nelson, BC V1L 5P9, Canada. [Proctor, Michael F.] Birchdale Ecol, Box 920, Kaslo, BC V0G 1M0, Canada. [Annis, Kim] Montana Fish Wildlife & Parks, 385 Fish Hatchery Rd, Libby, MT 59923 USA. RP Kendall, KC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Field Stn, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. EM kkendall@usgs.gov RI MACLEOD, AMY/A-5724-2009; OI MACLEOD, AMY/0000-0002-6966-2278; Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167 FU Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Lincoln County, Montana; Revett Mining Company; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Lincoln County Resource Advisory Committee; U.S. Forest Service; Big Sky Trust Fund; Montana Department of Resource Conservation; Idaho Panhandle Resource Advisory Committee, Vital Ground; Y2Y Conservation Initiative; Kootenai River Development Council; Boundary County, Idaho; Kootenai Valley Sportsmen; City of Libby, Montana; Friends of Scotchman Peak Wilderness; Troy Shooting Club; Cabinet Rifle and Pistol Club; Noble Contracting; University of Montana; Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit; Mines Management FX The following people were instrumental in initiating and bringing together support for this study: T. J. Berget, R. M. Downy, M. B. Roose, M. J. Cuffe, D. E. Dinning, P. F. Bradford, and C. V. Vincent. The Cabinet-Yaak Grizzly Bear DNA Project Study Team provided guidance and fostered interagency cooperation and communication for this study. Members were: K. C. Kendall, L. R. Allen, K. Annis, R. Baty, Q. C, Carver, D. E. Dinning, R. M. Downey, R. R. Hojem, W. F. Kasworm, R. D. Mace, N. M. Merz, M. S. Mitchell, L. M. Postulka, M. F. Proctor, D. K. Roll, W. L. Wakkinen, and B. R. Woelfel. Nearly 100 field technicians and volunteers were responsible for conducting the hair snagging and trapping that produced the data this manuscript is based upon. We thank them for their hard work and dedication. J. Benson conducted the laboratory analyses. K. Grazenski assisted with spatial model processing and programming. We thank S. D. Miller, 2 anonymous reviewers, and Journal of Wildlife Management staff for their helpful suggestions for improving this manuscript. Funding and support for this project was provided by the Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Lincoln County, Montana; Revett Mining Company; U.S. Geological Survey; Mines Management, U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Lincoln County Resource Advisory Committee; U.S. Forest Service; Big Sky Trust Fund; Montana Department of Resource Conservation; Idaho Panhandle Resource Advisory Committee, Vital Ground; Y2Y Conservation Initiative; Kootenai River Development Council; Boundary County, Idaho; Kootenai Valley Sportsmen; City of Libby, Montana; Friends of Scotchman Peak Wilderness; Troy Shooting Club; Cabinet Rifle and Pistol Club; Noble Contracting; University of Montana; Montana Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 36 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 314 EP 331 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1019 PG 18 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500015 ER PT J AU Morton, JM White, GC Hayward, GD Paetkau, D Bray, MP AF Morton, John M. White, Gary C. Hayward, Gregory D. Paetkau, David Bray, Martin P. TI Estimation of the brown bear population on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Alaska; brown bear; genetics; hair DNA; Kenai Peninsula; mark-recapture; population; Pradel model; Ursus arctos ID SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; MARK-RECAPTURE; GRIZZLY BEARS; URSUS-ARCTOS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; DNA; DENSITY; CANADA; HAIR AB The brown bear population on the Kenai Peninsula, Alaska, has not been empirically estimated previously because conventional aerial methods over this heavily forested landscape were infeasible. We applied a rapid field protocol to a DNA-based, mark-recapture approach on a large and tightly bounded sample frame to estimate brown bear abundance. We used lure to attract bears to barbed wire stations deployed in 145 9-kmx9-km cells systematically distributed across 10,200km(2) of available habitat on the Kenai National Wildlife Refuge and Chugach National Forest during 31 consecutive days in early summer 2010. Using 2 helicopters and 4 2-person field crews, we deployed the stations during a 6-day period and subsequently revisited these stations on 5 consecutive 5-day trap sessions. We extracted DNA to identify individual bears and developed capture histories as input to mark-recapture models. Combined with data from radio-telemetered bears, 243 brown bears were alive on the Kenai Peninsula in 2010, but we used only 99 females and 104 males in modeling. We used Akaike's Information Criterion selection and model averaging to estimate 428 (95% lognormal CI=353-539) brown bears (including all age classes) on the study area. Despite low recaptures rates, we achieved reasonable precision by ensuring geographic and demographic population closure through a spatially comprehensive sample frame and very short sampling window. We reduced bias by including information from rub trees and telemetered females (i.e., occasion 0). Extrapolating the density estimate of 42 bears/1,000 km(2) of available habitat on the study area to the Kenai Peninsula suggests a peninsula-wide population of 582 brown bears (95% lognormal CI=469-719). Despite a density estimate that is low compared to other coastal brown bear populations in Alaska and genetic evidence that suggests this peninsular population is insular, harvest management has been liberalized since 2012. We recommend this population estimate serve as the benchmark for future management. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Morton, John M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kenai Natl Wildlife Refuge, POB 2139, Soldotna, AK 99669 USA. [White, Gary C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Hayward, Gregory D.] US Forest Serv, 161 East 1st Ave, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. [Paetkau, David] Wildlife Genet Int, POB 274, Nelson, BC V1L 5P9, Canada. [Bray, Martin P.] US Forest Serv, Chugach Natl Forest, 161 East 1st Ave, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA. RP Morton, JM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kenai Natl Wildlife Refuge, POB 2139, Soldotna, AK 99669 USA. EM john_m_morton@fws.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Forest Service FX We thank ADFG for sharing telemetry and genetics data. J. Boulanger, K. C. Kendall, T. L. McDonald, G. Pendleton, N. Roberts, J. A. Royle, K. Titus, L. J. Van Daele, and 2 anonymous ADFG personnel reviewed earlier versions of this report. M. I. Goldstein helped with the original proposal. Field personnel were M. L. Bowser, S. E. Bradley, T. D. Eskelin, J. Heydinger, N. J. Lester, A. Neurock, B. Parsons, S. D. Parkin, R. Ruffner, C. Whitaker and R. S. Zulueta. Technical support was provided by T. A. Burke, R. D. Ernst, E. A. Jozwiak, M. W. Laker, D. R. Magness and T. C. Mullet. D. M. Perez and D. J. Handley assisted with radio dispatching and flight monitoring. J. Benson led WGI lab efforts. A. J. Loranger and M. E. Novy provided managerial support. This study was funded by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and U.S. Forest Service. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of any government agencies. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 48 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 332 EP 346 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1002 PG 15 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500016 ER PT J AU Longcore, JR McAuley, DG Heisey, DM Bunck, CM Clugston, DA AF Longcore, Jerry R. McAuley, Daniel G. Heisey, Dennis M. Bunck, Christine M. Clugston, David A. TI Survival of female mallards along the Vermont-Quebec border region SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Anas platyrhynchos; Anas rubripes; band reporting; Bayesian analyses; cause-specific mortality; crippling; proportional hazards; regulations; survival; telemetry ID AMERICAN BLACK DUCKS; MISSISSIPPI ALLUVIAL VALLEY; PLAYA LAKES REGION; ANAS-PLATYRHYNCHOS; NORTHERN PINTAILS; WINTER SURVIVAL; HUNTING REGULATIONS; CONDITION INDEXES; EASTERN CANADA; SHOT MALLARDS AB Understanding effects of location and timing of harvest seasons on mortality of ducks and geese from hunting is important in forming regulations that sustain viable waterfowl populations throughout their range. During 1990 and 1991 we alternately marked 80 hatching year (HY), female mallards along the Vermont-Quebec border; half with radio-transmitters and bands and half with only aluminum leg bands. We monitored radio-marked ducks daily and recorded survival status weekly for 15 weeks from August until December each year. Mallard mortalities began 25 September when the hunting season opened in the Province of Quebec, Canada. Overall survival of mallards at week 10 did not differ between years (0.51 in 1990 vs. 0.43 in 1991) or differ from that of HY American black ducks (0.44 females, 0.42 males) based on proportional hazard analysis in a Bayesian framework. The mortality rates for mallards from hunting (0.47) and causes unrelated to hunting (0.06) were similar between years and to those rates for HY black ducks at that same site. Hunter harvest accounted for most of the mortality recorded during this study and illegal feeding (i.e., baiting) at sites just before and during the hunting season was observed. Females with lower body condition index had greater mortality rates; a 1-standard-deviation increase in condition index would reduce mortality hazard by about 29%. Management options that may increase mallard survival in the area include lowering daily bag limit in Quebec and suspending split hunting seasons in Vermont that increase harvest, delaying opening date of hunting in Quebec to allow for increased body condition before hunting season opens, and improving enforcement of baiting restrictions. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Longcore, Jerry R.; Clugston, David A.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 5768 South Annex A, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [McAuley, Daniel G.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 17 Godfrey Dr,Sutie 2, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [Heisey, Dennis M.; Bunck, Christine M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA. [Longcore, Jerry R.] 151 Bennoch Rd, Orono, ME 04473 USA. [Clugston, David A.] POB 555, Lyle, WA 98635 USA. RP McAuley, DG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 17 Godfrey Dr,Sutie 2, Orono, ME 04473 USA. EM Dan_McAuley@usgs.gov FU Black Duck Joint Venture; Atlantic Flyway Cooperative Banding funds through the Canadian Wildlife Service; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX This manuscript was prepared by J. R. Longcore while he was serving as Scientist Emeritus, U.S. Geological Survey. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank landowners who granted us access while we tracked ducks, hunters who answered questionnaires, and personnel of the Vermont Department of Fish and Game, especially warden D. T. Swainback. Field personnel of the Province of Quebec facilitated logistics. At the Missisquoi NWR, R. A. Zelley, J. B. Gallegos, J. I. Blaskowski, and R. M. Curtis provided assistance and use of refuge facilities. Dedicated field assistants were C. G. Kitchens, M. V. Silvinski, B. P. Rogers, Jr., G. J. Rogers, A. P. Weik, M. C. Nelson, and D. W. Liedlich. Volunteers, L. L. Clepper, B. Liptak, M. J. Menghini, C. S. Smith, and especially bilingual C. C. Roy provided many hours of assistance. Personnel of Valley Air (Burlington, VT) provided some aircraft support for telemetry, but mostly it was supplied by J. R. Goldsberry (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service). E. W. and N. B. Christianson and L. R. and N. L. Henry provided housing in Vermont. At University of Maine, J. K. Mateja provided X-ray prints of retrieved carcasses, H. C. Gibbs, provided advice on causes of pathology, R. W. Work and A. A. Bushway analyzed ulna bones for lipid, C. A. Nichols prepared Figures 1 and 2 and K. M. Cunningham redrafted Figures 3 and 4. D. R. Bystrak, Bird Banding Laboratory, provided data on encounters of banded mallards. Comments by J. D. Nichols, T. W. Arnold, and an anonymous reviewer improved the manuscript. Project funding was provided partly by the Black Duck Joint Venture, and Atlantic Flyway Cooperative Banding funds through the Canadian Wildlife Service and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-541X EI 1937-2817 J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE JI J. Wildl. Manage. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 80 IS 2 BP 355 EP 367 DI 10.1002/jwmg.1013 PG 13 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DD3JE UT WOS:000369817500018 ER PT J AU Lavretsky, P Peters, JL Winker, K Bahn, V Kulikova, I Zhuravlev, YN Wilson, RE Barger, C Gurney, K McCracken, KG AF Lavretsky, Philip Peters, Jeffrey L. Winker, Kevin Bahn, Volker Kulikova, Irina Zhuravlev, Yuri N. Wilson, Robert E. Barger, Chris Gurney, Kirsty McCracken, Kevin G. TI Becoming pure: identifying generational classes of admixed individuals within lesser and greater scaup populations SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE ddRADseq; diving duck; evolution; hybridization; introgression; population genetics ID FASTER-Z EVOLUTION; SUNFLOWER HELIANTHUS-ANNUUS; GENE FLOW; ADAPTIVE INTROGRESSION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; ECOLOGICAL SPECIATION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; AVIAN HYBRIDIZATION; FORCED COPULATION; BROOD PARASITISM AB Estimating the frequency of hybridization is important to understand its evolutionary consequences and its effects on conservation efforts. In this study, we examined the extent of hybridization in two sister species of ducks that hybridize. We used mitochondrial control region sequences and 3589 double-digest restriction-associated DNA sequences (ddRADseq) to identify admixture between wild lesser scaup (Aythya affinis) and greater scaup (A.marila). Among 111 individuals, we found one introgressed mitochondrial DNA haplotype in lesser scaup and four in greater scaup. Likewise, based on the site-frequency spectrum from autosomal DNA, gene flow was asymmetrical, with higher rates from lesser into greater scaup. However, using ddRADseq nuclear DNA, all individuals were assigned to their respective species with >0.95 posterior assignment probability. To examine the power for detecting admixture, we simulated a breeding experiment in which empirical data were used to create F1 hybrids and nine generations (F2-F10) of backcrossing. F1 hybrids and F2, F3 and most F4 backcrosses were clearly distinguishable from pure individuals, but evidence of admixed histories was effectively lost after the fourth generation. Thus, we conclude that low interspecific assignment probabilities (0.011-0.043) for two lesser and nineteen greater scaup were consistent with admixed histories beyond the F3 generation. These results indicate that the propensity of these species to hybridize in the wild is low and largely asymmetric. When applied to species-specific cases, our approach offers powerful utility for examining concerns of hybridization in conservation efforts, especially for determining the generational time until admixed histories are effectively lost through backcrossing. C1 [Lavretsky, Philip; McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. [Lavretsky, Philip; McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Marine Biol & Ecol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. [Peters, Jeffrey L.; Bahn, Volker] Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Winker, Kevin; Wilson, Robert E.; Barger, Chris; McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Winker, Kevin; Wilson, Robert E.; Barger, Chris; McCracken, Kevin G.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Univ Alaska Museum, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Kulikova, Irina; Zhuravlev, Yuri N.] RAS, Inst Biol & Soil Sci, FEB, Vladivostok 690022, Russia. [Barger, Chris] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Gurney, Kirsty] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E2, Canada. [Wilson, Robert E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Lavretsky, P (reprint author), Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Biol, Coral Gables, FL 33146 USA. EM plavretsky@bio.miami.edu FU University of Miami in Coral Gables Florida; James A. Kushlan endowment in Waterbird Biology and Conservation; Alaska EPSCoR FX We are grateful to Bob Clark, Environment Canada, Stuart Slattery, Ducks Unlimited Canada and Andre Breault, Canadian Wildlife Service of Environment Canada, for the contributions of samples to this study. We are thankful for Jeffrey M. DaCosta, Harvard, and Michael D. Sorenson, Boston University, for their help with bioinformatics. This research was funded by the University of Miami in Coral Gables Florida, the James A. Kushlan endowment in Waterbird Biology and Conservation, and Alaska EPSCoR undergraduate awards. We thank three anonymous reviewers and the associate editor for their reviews of previous drafts. NR 113 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 21 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 661 EP 674 DI 10.1111/mec.13487 PG 14 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DD4CH UT WOS:000369869600001 PM 26833858 ER PT J AU Hand, BK Muhlfeld, CC Wade, AA Kovach, RP Whited, DC Narum, SR Matala, AP Ackerman, MW Garner, BA Kimball, JS Stanford, JA Luikart, G AF Hand, Brian K. Muhlfeld, Clint C. Wade, Alisa A. Kovach, Ryan P. Whited, Diane C. Narum, Shawn R. Matala, Andrew P. Ackerman, Michael W. Garner, Brittany A. Kimball, John S. Stanford, Jack A. Luikart, Gordon TI Climate variables explain neutral and adaptive variation within salmonid metapopulations: the importance of replication in landscape genetics SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adaptive genetic differentiation; conservation genetics; gene flow; landscape genomic modelling; population genomics; riverscape genetics; salmonids ID ANADROMOUS ATLANTIC SALMON; NORTH-AMERICAN RANGE; COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CHINOOK SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; LOCAL ADAPTATION; STEELHEAD TROUT; ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS AB Understanding how environmental variation influences population genetic structure is important for conservation management because it can reveal how human stressors influence population connectivity, genetic diversity and persistence. We used riverscape genetics modelling to assess whether climatic and habitat variables were related to neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation (population-specific and pairwise F-ST) within five metapopulations (79 populations, 4583 individuals) of steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the Columbia River Basin, USA. Using 151 putatively neutral and 29 candidate adaptive SNP loci, we found that climate-related variables (winter precipitation, summer maximum temperature, winter highest 5% flow events and summer mean flow) best explained neutral and adaptive patterns of genetic differentiation within metapopulations, suggesting that climatic variation likely influences both demography (neutral variation) and local adaptation (adaptive variation). However, we did not observe consistent relationships between climate variables and F-ST across all metapopulations, underscoring the need for replication when extrapolating results from one scale to another (e.g. basin-wide to the metapopulation scale). Sensitivity analysis (leave-one-population-out) revealed consistent relationships between climate variables and F(ST)within three metapopulations; however, these patterns were not consistent in two metapopulations likely due to small sample sizes (N=10). These results provide correlative evidence that climatic variation has shaped the genetic structure of steelhead populations and highlight the need for replication and sensitivity analyses in land and riverscape genetics. C1 [Hand, Brian K.; Muhlfeld, Clint C.; Wade, Alisa A.; Whited, Diane C.; Garner, Brittany A.; Stanford, Jack A.; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Muhlfeld, Clint C.; Kovach, Ryan P.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Narum, Shawn R.; Matala, Andrew P.] Columbia River Intertribal Fish Commiss, Hagerman Fish Culture Expt Stn, Hagerman, ID 83332 USA. [Ackerman, Michael W.] IDFG Eagle Fish Genet Lab, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Eagle, ID 83616 USA. [Kimball, John S.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Stanford, Jack A.; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Hand, BK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. EM brian.hand@umontana.edu RI Hand, Brian/F-9963-2014 OI Hand, Brian/0000-0003-1152-665X FU NASA [NNX14AB84G]; USGS Mendenhall Fellowship; NSF [DEB-1050459, DEB-1258203]; Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks; Bonneville Power Administration [2010-026-00, 2008-907-00, 2009-005-00] FX We thank the Department of the Interior Northwest Climate Science Center for providing funding for this study. Thanks to Steve Amish who provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of the manuscript. Thanks to Oscar Gaggiotti for very helpful advice on running the GESTE package. Thanks to Marie Kohler who helped edit the manuscript. Thank you to four anonymous reviewers who helped greatly in improving the study including the additional DISTLM analysis and the comparison between neutral and adaptive genetic differentiation. AW, JSK and GL were supported by NASA grant number NNX14AB84G. RK was supported by a USGS Mendenhall Fellowship. GL was also partially supported by NSF grants DEB-1050459 and DEB-1258203, and Montana Fish Wildlife and Parks. Bonneville Power Administration provided funding under project 2010-026-00 to MWA through the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and under projects 2008-907-00, 2009-005-00 to SRN and APM. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 91 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 18 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1083 EI 1365-294X J9 MOL ECOL JI Mol. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 25 IS 3 BP 689 EP 705 DI 10.1111/mec.13517 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DD4CH UT WOS:000369869600003 PM 26677031 ER PT J AU Duarte, A Weckerly, FW Schaub, M Hatfield, JS AF Duarte, A. Weckerly, F. W. Schaub, M. Hatfield, J. S. TI Estimating golden-cheeked warbler immigration: implications for the spatial scale of conservation SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE dispersal; habitat connectivity; immigration; integrated population model; monitoring; population dynamics; Setophaga chrysoparia; spatial scale ID INTEGRATED-POPULATION MODELS; RECOVERY; HABITAT; LANDSCAPES; ABUNDANCE; DYNAMICS; SONGBIRD; EXAMPLE; URBAN AB Understanding the factors that drive population dynamics is fundamental to species conservation and management. Since the golden-cheeked warbler Setophaga chrysoparia was first listed as endangered, much effort has taken place to monitor warbler abundance, occupancy, reproduction and survival. Yet, despite being directly related to local population dynamics, movement rates have not been estimated for the species. We used an integrated population model to investigate the relationship between immigration rate, fledging rate, survival probabilities and population growth rate for warblers in central Texas, USA. Furthermore, using a deterministic projection model, we examined the response required by vital rates to maintain a viable population across varying levels of immigration. Warbler abundance fluctuated with an overall positive trend across years. In the absence of immigration, the abundance would have decreased. However, the population could remain viable without immigration if both adult and juvenile survival increased by almost half or if juvenile survival more than doubled. We also investigated the response required by fledging rates across a range of immigration in order to maintain a viable population. Overall, we found that immigration was required to maintain warbler target populations, indicating that warbler conservation and management programs need to be implemented at larger spatial scales than current efforts to be effective. This study also demonstrates that by using limited data within integrated population models, biologists are able to monitor multiple key demographic parameters simultaneously to gauge the efficacy of strategies designed to maximize warbler viability in a changing landscape. C1 [Duarte, A.; Weckerly, F. W.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Schaub, M.] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland. [Hatfield, J. S.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA. RP Duarte, A (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, 601 Univ Dr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM ad1401@txstate.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership Program through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Texas State University; Houston Safari Club; National Wild Turkey Federation FX We thank M. R. J. Forstner, M. C. Green, B. J. Halstead, J. D. Nichols and D. M. Wolcott for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. J. J. Duarte, M. Kery, W. A. Link and D. M. Wolcott helped facilitate useful discussions concerning data analyses. Data for this project were collected by staff of the City of Austin, and we appreciate their tireless efforts to conserve the golden-cheeked warbler and other native species. This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership Program through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Texas State University, the Houston Safari Club, and the National Wild Turkey Federation. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 60 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1367-9430 EI 1469-1795 J9 ANIM CONSERV JI Anim. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 19 IS 1 BP 65 EP 74 DI 10.1111/acv.12217 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC4EV UT WOS:000369174200008 ER PT J AU Zhao, Q Silverman, E Fleming, K Boomer, GS AF Zhao, Qing Silverman, Emily Fleming, Kathy Boomer, G. Scott TI Forecasting waterfowl population dynamics under climate change Does the spatial variation of density dependence and environmental effects matter? SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Bayesian inference; Cross-validation; Ecological forecast; Ecological region; Gompertz model; Spatial population dynamics ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; TEMPORAL VARIATION; WETLANDS; DUCKS; FLUCTUATIONS; RECRUITMENT; MANAGEMENT; GRADIENTS; COMMUNITY; FRAMEWORK AB Reliable ecological forecasts are essential for conservation decision-making to respond to climate change. It is challenging to forecast the spatial structure of wildlife population dynamics because density dependence and environmental effects vary spatially. We developed models that incorporated density dependence and climatic (precipitation and temperature) effects to explain pond (wetland) dynamics and models that incorporated density dependence and pond effect to explain Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) population dynamics. We trained the models using data from 1974 to 1998 and tested their hindcast performance with data from 1999 to 2010 to examine the scale at which the spatial variation of density dependence and climatic/pond effects should be incorporated to forecast pond and Mallard population dynamics. The pond model that did not allow density dependence and climatic effects to vary spatially (Delta MSE = 0.007-0.018) and the Mallard model that incorporated the spatial variation of density dependence and pond effect at the scale of Bird Conservation Regions (Delta MSE = 0.011-0.012) had the best hindcast performance. Using these models we forecasted the largest decrease (34.7%-43.0%) of Mallard density in the northern Prairie Pothole Region under two climate change scenarios, suggesting that the local Mallard population in this area might be particularly vulnerable to potential future warming. Our results provide insight into the factors that drive the spatial structure of waterfowl population dynamics. Because the spatial variation of density dependence and environmental effects is commonly found in wildlife populations, our framework of modeling and evaluation has wide application for conservation planning in response to climate change. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhao, Qing] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Zhao, Qing; Silverman, Emily; Fleming, Kathy; Boomer, G. Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Zhao, Q (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM whitelangur@gmail.com FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the U.S. Geological Survey Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit [91] FX We thank all the survey crew members and data managers for maintaining and providing the waterfowl population and habitat data set We also thank Andrew Royle for his comments in the early stage of model development, and William Kendall, Mark Koneff, and Tom Nudds for their comments in writing. We are grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. The research was funded by Research Work Order 91, from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to Colorado State University through the U.S. Geological Survey Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 35 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 194 BP 80 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.006 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8FW UT WOS:000369456300010 ER PT J AU Shaver, DJ Hart, KM Fujisaki, I Rubio, C Sartain-Iverson, AR Pena, J Gamez, DG Miron, RDGD Burchfield, PM Martinez, HJ Ortiz, J AF Shaver, Donna J. Hart, Kristen M. Fujisaki, Ikuko Rubio, Cynthia Sartain-Iverson, Autumn R. Pena, Jaime Gamez, Daniel Gomez Diaz Miron, Raul de Jesus Gonzales Burchfield, Patrick M. Martinez, Hector J. Ortiz, Jaime TI Migratory corridors of adult female Kemp's ridley turtles in the Gulf of Mexico SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Lepidochelys kempii; Migration; Migratory corridor; Post-nesting; Satellite-tracking; State-space modeling ID STATE-SPACE MODELS; ISLAND NATIONAL SEASHORE; LONG-DISTANCE MIGRATION; LEATHERBACK-SEA-TURTLES; MARINE PROTECTED AREA; SATELLITE-TRACKING; LEPIDOCHELYS-KEMPII; GREEN TURTLES; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES; CHELONIA-MYDAS AB For many marine species, locations of migratory pathways are not well defined. We used satellite telemetry and switching state-space modeling (SSM) to define the migratory corridor used by Kemp's ridley turtles (Lepidochelys kempii) in the Gulf of Mexico. The turtles were tagged after nesting at Padre Island National Seashore, Texas, USA from 1997 to 2014 (PAIS; n = 80); Rancho Nuevo, Tamaulipas, Mexico from 2010 to 2011 (RN; n = 14); Tecolutla, Veracruz, Mexico from 2012 to 2013 (VC; n = 13); and Gulf Shores, Alabama, USA during 2012 (GS; n = 1). The migratory corridor lies in nearshore Gulf of Mexico waters in the USA and Mexico with mean water depth of 26 m and a mean distance of 20 km from the nearest mainland coast. Migration from the nesting beach is a short phenomenon that occurs from late-May through August, with a peak in June. There was spatial similarity of post-nesting migratory pathways for different turtles over a 16 year period. Thus, our results indicate that these nearshore Gulf waters represent a critical migratory habitat for this species. However, there is a gap in our understanding of the migratory pathways used by this and other species to return from foraging grounds to nesting beaches. Therefore, our results highlight the need for tracking reproductive individuals from foraging grounds to nesting beaches. Continued tracking of adult females from PAIS, RN, and VC nesting beaches will allow further study of environmental and bathymetric components of migratory habitat and threats occurring within our defined corridor. Furthermore, the existence of this migratory corridor in near shore waters of both the USA and Mexico demonstrates that international cooperation is necessary to protect essential migratory habitat for this imperiled species. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shaver, Donna J.; Rubio, Cynthia] Padre Isl Natl Seashore, Natl Pk Serv, POB 181300, Corpus Christi, TX 78480 USA. [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Fujisaki, Ikuko] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Sartain-Iverson, Autumn R.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Cherokee Nation Technol, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [Pena, Jaime; Gamez, Daniel Gomez; Burchfield, Patrick M.; Martinez, Hector J.; Ortiz, Jaime] Gladys Porter Zoo, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA. [Diaz Miron, Raul de Jesus Gonzales] Acuario Veracruz AC, Veracruz, Mexico. RP Shaver, DJ (reprint author), Padre Isl Natl Seashore, Natl Pk Serv, POB 181300, Corpus Christi, TX 78480 USA. EM donna_shaver@nps.gov FU National Park Service; USGS Priority Ecosystem Studies Program; USGS Ecosystems Program; Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA); National Fish and Wildlife Foundation [2010-300-001]; Acuario de Veracruz; Campamento Tortuguero de Rancho Nuevo; Campamento Tortugero del Totonacapan; Campamento Tortugero Vida Milenaria; Conservacion y Desarollo de Espacios Naturales, S.C.; Gladys Porter Zoo; Minnesota Zoo; NOAA-Fisheries; University of Alabama at Birmingham; University of Florida FX Work at PAIS and RN was permitted by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Agreement No. 20181-A-J819 and permit TE840727-3, and Texas Parks and Wildlife Department Scientific Permits SPR-0190-122 and SPR-0790-004. Secretaria de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales, Subsecretaria de Gestion para la Protection Ambiental, Direction General de Vida Silvestre Permiso No. SGPA/DGVS/03990/11 authorized work by personnel at RN. SEMARNAT-Direccion General de Vida Silvestre Permiso No. SGPA/DGVS/05559/14 authorized work by personnel in VC. Work by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in Alabama was permitted by USFWS permit TE206903-1 (issued to J. Phillips), and Bon Secour Special Use Permit 12-006S (issued to K. Hart). Turtle handling and sampling at PAIS was performed according to the Institutional Animal Care Protocol NPS IACUC 2011-15, and in Alabama by USGS-SESC-IACUC-2011-05 (issued to K. Hart). Funding for this work was provided by the National Park Service, USGS Priority Ecosystem Studies Program, USGS Ecosystems Program, Deepwater Horizon Natural Resource Damage Assessment (NRDA), and the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (2010-300-001). Acuario de Veracruz, Campamento Tortuguero de Rancho Nuevo, Campamento Tortugero del Totonacapan, Campamento Tortugero Vida Milenaria, Conservacion y Desarollo de Espacios Naturales, S.C., Gladys Porter Zoo, Minnesota Zoo, NOAA-Fisheries, University of Alabama at Birmingham, and the University of Florida provided equipment, funding, or logistical assistance. D. Guerrero, R. Rossi, J. Shelby Walker, and several others helped deploy transmitters at PAIS. H.R. Chenge Alvarez, J.A. Gallegos Enriquez, I. Galvan, E. Garcia Nufiez, M. Hernandez Hernandez, F. Illescas Martinez, F. Manzano, J. Ortiz, RC. Martinez Portugal, N. Meza Dominguez, J. Montano Cueves, R. Sanchez Posadas, H. Diaz Sanchez, J.I. Sanchez Serda, and E. Breton Vargas helped deploy transmitters in Mexico. T. Clapp, T. Selby, and H. Crowell helped format spatial data for analysis and mapping. We acknowledge the use of the satellite-tracking and analysis tool (STAT) and telemetry data generated as part of the ongoing Deepwater Horizon NRDA (publicly available from www.seaturtle.org). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 111 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 9 U2 32 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 194 BP 158 EP 167 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.014 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8FW UT WOS:000369456300019 ER PT J AU Wilcox, TM McKelvey, KS Young, MK Sepulveda, AJ Shepard, BB Jane, SF Whiteley, AR Lowe, WH Schwartz, MK AF Wilcox, Taylor M. McKelvey, Kevin S. Young, Michael K. Sepulveda, Adam J. Shepard, Bradley B. Jane, Stephen F. Whiteley, Andrew R. Lowe, Winsor H. Schwartz, Michael K. TI Understanding environmental DNA detection probabilities: A case study using a stream-dwelling char Salvelinus fontinalis SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE eDNA; Stream; Detection; Sampling; Genetics; Fish ID 2-SPECIES OCCUPANCY MODELS; ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; REAL-TIME PCR; WATER SAMPLES; BROOK TROUT; PARTICLE-TRANSPORT; MONITORING PROGRAM; EDNA; DEPOSITION; ABUNDANCE AB Environmental DNA sampling (eDNA) has emerged as a powerful tool for detecting aquatic animals. Previous research suggests that eDNA methods are substantially more sensitive than traditional sampling. However, the factors influencing eDNA detection and the resulting sampling costs are still not well understood. Here we use multiple experiments to derive independent estimates of eDNA production rates and downstream persistence from brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) in streams. We use these estimates to parameterize models comparing the false negative detection rates of eDNA sampling and traditional backpack electrofishing. We find that using the protocols in this study eDNA had reasonable detection probabilities at extremely low animal densities (e.g., probability of detection 0.18 at densities of one fish per stream kilometer) and very high detection probabilities at population-level densities (e.g., probability of detection >0.99 at densities of >= 3 fish per 100 m). This is substantially more sensitive than traditional electrofishing for determining the presence of brook trout and may translate into important cost savings when animals are rare. Our findings are consistent with a growing body of literature showing that eDNA sampling is a powerful tool for the detection of aquatic species, particularly those that are rare and difficult to sample using traditional methods. (C) 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wilcox, Taylor M.; McKelvey, Kevin S.; Young, Michael K.; Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Genom Ctr Wildlife & Fish Conservat, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. [Wilcox, Taylor M.; Lowe, Winsor H.] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Sepulveda, Adam J.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] BB Shepard & Associates, Livingston, MT 59047 USA. [Jane, Stephen F.; Whiteley, Andrew R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. RP Wilcox, TM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Natl Genom Ctr Wildlife & Fish Conservat, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Missoula, MT 59801 USA. EM taylor.wilcox@umontana.edu FU NSF [DGE-1313190] FX We thank Ladd Knotek, Will Schreck, and field technicians from Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks, the Wildlife Conservation Society, and U.S. Geological Survey for contributing to the electrofishing sampling for the observational study. This manuscript was substantially improved by comments from three anonymous reviewers. TMW is supported by an NSF Graduate Research Fellowship (Grant No. DGE-1313190). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government NR 51 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 36 U2 79 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 194 BP 209 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.023 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8FW UT WOS:000369456300024 ER PT J AU Meek, MH Wells, C Tomalty, KM Ashander, J Cole, EM Gille, DA Putman, BJ Rose, JP Savoca, MS Yamane, L Hull, JM Rogers, DL Rosenblum, EB Shogren, JF Swaisgood, RR May, B AF Meek, Mariah H. Wells, Caitlin Tomalty, Katharine M. Ashander, Jaime Cole, Esther M. Gille, Daphne A. Putman, Breanna J. Rose, Jonathan P. Savoca, Matthew S. Yamane, Lauren Hull, Joshua M. Rogers, Deborah L. Rosenblum, Erica Bree Shogren, Jason F. Swaisgood, Ronald R. May, Bernie TI We should not be afraid to talk about fear of failure in conservation SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Letter DE Management; Imperiled species; Endangered; Fear; Failure; Psychology C1 [Meek, Mariah H.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Wells, Caitlin; Yamane, Lauren] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Tomalty, Katharine M.; Gille, Daphne A.; Hull, Joshua M.; May, Bernie] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ashander, Jaime] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Ashander, Jaime] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cole, Esther M.] Stanford Univ, Land Use & Environm Planning, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Putman, Breanna J.; Rose, Jonathan P.; Savoca, Matthew S.] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Putman, Breanna J.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Hull, Joshua M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Sacramento Fish & Wildlife Off, Sacramento, CA USA. [Rogers, Deborah L.] Ctr Nat Lands Management, Temecula, CA USA. [Rosenblum, Erica Bree] Univ Calif Berkeley, Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Shogren, Jason F.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Econ & Finance, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Swaisgood, Ronald R.] San Diego Zoo Inst Conservat Res, Div Appl Anim Ecol, Escondido, CA USA. RP Meek, MH (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM mhmeek@cornell.edu RI Shogren, Jason/B-9771-2017; OI Shogren, Jason/0000-0003-3757-959X; Meek, Mariah/0000-0002-3219-4888; Savoca, Matthew/0000-0002-7318-4977 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 194 BP 218 EP 219 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.12.012 PG 2 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8FW UT WOS:000369456300026 ER PT J AU Lipsey, MK Doherty, KE Naugle, DE Fields, S Evans, JS Davis, SK Koper, N AF Lipsey, Marisa K. Doherty, Kevin E. Naugle, David E. Fields, Sean Evans, Jeffrey S. Davis, Stephen K. Koper, Nicola TI One step ahead of the plow: Using cropland conversion risk to guide Sprague's pipit conservation in the northern Great Plains (vol 191, pg 739, 2015) SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Correction C1 [Lipsey, Marisa K.; Naugle, David E.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Doherty, Kevin E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 134 Union Blvd, Lakewood, CO 80228 USA. [Fields, Sean] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Reg HAPET Off 6, 922 Bootlegger Trail, Great Falls, MT 59404 USA. [Evans, Jeffrey S.] Nature Conservancy, 117 E Mt Ave Ste 201, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Evans, Jeffrey S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Davis, Stephen K.] Environm Canada Canadian Wildlife Serv, 300,2365 Albert St, Regina, SK S4P 4 K1, Canada. [Koper, Nicola] Univ Manitoba, Nat Resources Inst, 70 Dysart Rd, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2 M6, Canada. RP Lipsey, MK (reprint author), Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, 32 Campus Dr, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM marisa.lipsey@umontana.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 EI 1873-2917 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 194 BP 221 EP 221 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2015.11.024 PG 1 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC8FW UT WOS:000369456300028 ER PT J AU Stewart, HA Noakes, DLG Cogliati, KM Peterson, JT Iversen, MH Schreck, CB AF Stewart, Heather A. Noakes, David L. G. Cogliati, Karen M. Peterson, James T. Iversen, Martin H. Schreck, Carl B. TI Salinity effects on plasma ion levels, cortisol, and osmolality in Chinook salmon following lethal sampling SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cortisol; Delayed sampling; Euthanasia; Magnesium; MS-222; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Osmoregulation; Saltwater challenge; Smolt; Sodium ID PARR-SMOLT TRANSFORMATION; YEARLING COHO SALMON; ATLANTIC SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; FRESH-WATER; SALAR L.; STRESS RESPONSES; SEAWATER ACCLIMATION; MAGNESIUM TRANSPORT AB Studies on hydromineral balance in fishes frequently employ measurements of electrolytes following euthanasia. We tested the effects of fresh- or salt-water euthanasia baths of tricaine mesylate (MS-222) on plasma magnesium Mg2+) and sodium (Na+) ions, cortisol and osmolality in fish exposed to saltwater challenges, and the ion and steroid hormone fluctuations over time following euthanasia in juvenile spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Salinity of the euthanasia bath affected plasma Mg2+ and Na+ concentrations as well as osmolality, with higher concentrations in fish euthanized in saltwater. Time spent in the bath positively affected plasma Mg2+ and osmolality, negatively affected cortisol, and had no effect on Na+ concentrations. The difference of temporal trends in plasma Mg2+ and Na+ suggests that Mg2+ may be more sensitive to physiological changes and responds more rapidly than Na+. When electrolytes and cortisol are measured as endpoints after euthanasia, care needs to be taken relative to time after death and the salinity of the euthanasia bath. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stewart, Heather A.; Noakes, David L. G.; Cogliati, Karen M.; Peterson, James T.; Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Peterson, James T.; Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Noakes, David L. G.] Oregon Hatchery Res Ctr, 2418 East Fall Creek Rd, Alsea, OR 97324 USA. [Iversen, Martin H.] Univ Nordland, Fac Biosci & Aquaculture, N-8049 Bodo, Norway. RP Stewart, HA (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM hadarstewart@gmail.com FU US Army Corps of Engineers [W66QKZ50650733]; US Geological Survey; Oregon Hatchery Research Center; Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Oregon State University (ACUP) [4289]; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife; Oregon State University; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank Thrandur Bjornsson, Rob Chitwood, Courtney Danley, Olivia Hakanson, Crystal Herron, Rachel Palmer, Kate Self, and Julia Unrein for their assistance with data collection and active discussions on the topic. Jason Podrabsky for allowing us to use his facility to run osmolality. This research was funded by the US Army Corps of Engineers (W66QKZ50650733), the US Geological Survey, and the Oregon Hatchery Research Center. This study was performed under the auspices of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Oregon State University (ACUP # 4289). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Oregon Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife, Oregon State University, and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 64 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 24 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1095-6433 EI 1531-4332 J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS A JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. A-Mol. Integr. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 192 BP 38 EP 43 DI 10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.11.011 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Physiology; Zoology GA DC9SN UT WOS:000369561400005 PM 26603557 ER PT J AU Crossey, LJ Karlstrom, KE Schmandt, B Crow, RR Colman, DR Cron, B Takacs-Vesbach, CD Dahm, CN Northup, DE Hilton, DR Ricketts, JW Lowry, AR AF Crossey, Laura J. Karlstrom, Karl E. Schmandt, Brandon Crow, Ryan R. Colman, Daniel R. Cron, Brandi Takacs-Vesbach, Cristina D. Dahm, Clifford N. Northup, Diana E. Hilton, David R. Ricketts, Jason W. Lowry, Anthony R. TI Continental smokers couple mantle degassing and distinctive microbiology within continents SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE noble gases; western US mantle; CO2 flux; travertine; Zetaproteobacteria ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; COLORADO PLATEAU; HYDROTHERMAL ECOSYSTEMS; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; VOLCANIC GASES; RIO-GRANDE; HELIUM; DIVERSITY; SYSTEM AB The discovery of oceanic black (and white) smokers revolutionized our understanding of mid-ocean ridges and led to the recognition of new organisms and ecosystems. Continental smokers, defined here to include a broad range of carbonic springs, hot springs, and fumaroles that vent mantle-derived fluids in continental settings, exhibit many of the same processes of heat and mass transfer and ecosystem niche differentiation. Helium isotope (He-3/He-4) analyses indicate that widespread mantle degassing is taking place in the western U.S.A., and that variations in mantle helium values correlate best with low seismic-velocity domains in the mantle and lateral contrasts in mantle velocity rather than crustal parameters such as GPS, proximity to volcanoes, crustal velocity, or composition. Microbial community analyses indicate that these springs can host novel microorganisms. A targeted analysis of four springs in New Mexico yield the first published occurrence of chemolithoautotrophic Zetaproteobacteria in a continental setting. These observations lead to two linked hypotheses: that mantle-derived volatiles transit through conduits in extending continental lithosphere preferentially above and at the edges of mantle low velocity domains. High CO2 and other constituents ultimately derived from mantle volatiles drive water rock interactions and heterogeneous fluid mixing that help structure diverse and distinctive microbial communities. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Crossey, Laura J.; Karlstrom, Karl E.; Schmandt, Brandon; Crow, Ryan R.; Cron, Brandi; Ricketts, Jason W.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Colman, Daniel R.; Takacs-Vesbach, Cristina D.; Dahm, Clifford N.; Northup, Diana E.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Hilton, David R.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Lowry, Anthony R.] Utah State Univ, Dept Geol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Crow, Ryan R.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Crossey, LJ (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM lcrossey@unm.edu; kek1@unm.edu; rcrow@usgs.gov; dcolman@unm.edu; brandicron@gmail.com; cvesbach@unm.edu; cdahm@sevilleta.unm.edu; dnorthup@unm.edu; drhilton@ucsd.edu; jwricketts8@gmail.com; tony.lowry@usu.edu RI Lowry, Anthony/F-8158-2012; OI Lowry, Anthony/0000-0001-6023-3090; Crossey, Laura/0000-0001-6237-8023 FU Continental Dynamics Program CREST experiment [NSF-EAR-0607808]; NSF Hydrologic Sciences Program [NSF EAR-0310323, EAR-0538304]; EarthScope and Geophysics programs [NSF EAR-0955909, EAR-1356822]; EPSCoR [0814449, 11A-1301346]; Alfred P. Sloan Foundation FX Funding was from NSF-EAR-0607808 from the Continental Dynamics Program CREST experiment, NSF EAR-0310323 and EAR-0538304 from the NSF Hydrologic Sciences Program, and NSF EAR-0955909 and EAR-1356822 from the EarthScope and Geophysics programs. Funding was also from EPSCoR grants 0814449 and 11A-1301346, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation (for JWR). NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 435 BP 22 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.11.039 PG 9 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DC4TT UT WOS:000369213900003 ER PT J AU Huang, MH Burgmann, R Pollitz, F AF Huang, Mong-Han Buergmann, Roland Pollitz, Fred TI Lithospheric rheology constrained from twenty-five years of postseismic deformation following the 1989 M-W, 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Loma Prieta earthquake; postseismic displacement; lithospheric rheology; viscoelastic relaxation; San Francisco Bay Area ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; FRANCISCO BAY AREA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA; MOJAVE-DESERT; GEODETIC DATA; INSAR; SLIP; GPS; SYSTEM AB The October 17, 1989 M-w 6.9 Loma Prieta earthquake provides the first opportunity of probing the crustal and upper mantle rheology in the San Francisco Bay Area since the 1906 M-w 7.9 San Francisco earthquake. Here we use geodetic observations including GPS and InSAR to characterize the Loma Prieta earthquake postseismic displacements from 1989 to 2013. Pre-earthquake deformation rates are constrained by nearly 20 yr of USGS trilateration measurements and removed from the postseismic measurements prior to the analysis. We observe GPS horizontal displacements at mean rates of 1-4 mm/yr toward Loma Prieta Mountain until 2000, and similar to 2 mm/yr surface subsidence of the northern Santa Cruz Mountains between 1992 and 2002 shown by InSAR, which is not associated with the seasonal and longer-term hydrological deformation in the adjoining Santa Clara Valley. Previous work indicates afterslip dominated in the early (1989-1994) postseismic period, so we focus on modeling the postseismic viscoelastic relaxation constrained by the geodetic observations after 1994. The best fitting model shows an elastic 19-km-thick upper crust above an 11-km-thick viscoelastic lower crust with viscosity of similar to 6 x 10(18) Pas, underlain by a viscous upper mantle with viscosity between 3 x 10(18) and 2 x 10(19) Pas. The millimeter-scale postseismic deformation does not resolve the viscosity in the different layers very well, and the lower-crustal relaxation may be localized in a narrow shear zone. However, the inferred lithospheric rheology is consistent with previous estimates based on post-1906 San Francisco earthquake measurements along the San Andreas fault system. The viscoelastic relaxation may also contribute to the enduring increase of aseismic slip and repeating earthquake activity on the San Andreas fault near San Juan Bautista, which continued for at least a decade after the Loma Prieta event. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Mong-Han; Buergmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huang, Mong-Han; Buergmann, Roland] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley Seismol Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Huang, Mong-Han] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Pollitz, Fred] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Huang, MH (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM mong@seismo.berkeley.edu OI Huang, Mong-Han/0000-0003-2331-3766 FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0951430]; NASA [NXX08AG50G]; NASA Postdoctoral Program FX We would like to thank D. Dreger, T. Bodin, I. Johanson, E. Chaussard, C. Johnson, and R. Turner for discussion and constructive suggestions. We thank James Savage and Eileen Evans for reviewing an earlier version of this paper. Two anonymous reviewers give critical and constructive comments on improving the manuscript. All of the USGS GPS campaign and continuous stations data are downloaded from the USGS website (http://earthquake.usgs.gov/monitoring/gps/). Continuous GPS data are from the BARD network and the Plate Boundary Observatory operated by UNAVCO for Earthscope (http://www.earthscope.org). The ERS and Envisat SAR data are copyrighted by the European Space Agency and were provided through the WInSAR archive at UNAVCO. This project is supported by the National Science Foundation grant (EAR-0951430) and NASA (NXX08AG50G). M.-H. Huang is supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, administered by Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with NASA. This is Berkeley Seismological Laboratory contribution" #2015-10. The research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0012-821X EI 1385-013X J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 435 BP 147 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2015.12.018 PG 12 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DC4TT UT WOS:000369213900016 ER PT J AU Cloern, JE Abreu, PC Carstensen, J Chauvaud, L Elmgren, R Grall, J Greening, H Johansson, JOR Kahru, M Sherwood, ET Xu, J Yin, KD AF Cloern, James E. Abreu, Paulo C. Carstensen, Jacob Chauvaud, Laurent Elmgren, Ragnar Grall, Jacques Greening, Holly Johansson, John Olov Roger Kahru, Mati Sherwood, Edward T. Xu, Jie Yin, Kedong TI Human activities and climate variability drive fast-paced change across the world's estuarine-coastal ecosystems SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE climate variability; ecosystems; environmental change; estuarine-coastal; global change; human disturbance ID SOFT-BOTTOM BENTHOS; LONG-TERM; BALTIC SEA; TAMPA BAY; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; NARRAGANSETT BAY; MARINE ECOSYSTEM; CHESAPEAKE BAY; FRESH-WATER; RIVER AB Time series of environmental measurements are essential for detecting, measuring and understanding changes in the Earth system and its biological communities. Observational series have accumulated over the past 2-5 decades from measurements across the world's estuaries, bays, lagoons, inland seas and shelf waters influenced by runoff. We synthesize information contained in these time series to develop a global view of changes occurring in marine systems influenced by connectivity to land. Our review is organized around four themes: (i) human activities as drivers of change; (ii) variability of the climate system as a driver of change; (iii) successes, disappointments and challenges of managing change at the sea-land interface; and (iv) discoveries made from observations over time. Multidecadal time series reveal that many of the world's estuarine-coastal ecosystems are in a continuing state of change, and the pace of change is faster than we could have imagined a decade ago. Some have been transformed into novel ecosystems with habitats, biogeochemistry and biological communities outside the natural range of variability. Change takes many forms including linear and nonlinear trends, abrupt state changes and oscillations. The challenge of managing change is daunting in the coastal zone where diverse human pressures are concentrated and intersect with different responses to climate variability over land and over ocean basins. The pace of change in estuarine-coastal ecosystems will likely accelerate as the human population and economies continue to grow and as global climate change accelerates. Wise stewardship of the resources upon which we depend is critically dependent upon a continuing flow of information from observations to measure, understand and anticipate future changes along the world's coastlines. C1 [Cloern, James E.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Abreu, Paulo C.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Oceanog, Cx P 474, BR-96201900 Rio Grande, RS, Brazil. [Carstensen, Jacob] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. [Chauvaud, Laurent] Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Lab Sci Environm MARin, Inst Univ Europeen Mer, Rue Dumont Urville, F-29280 Plouzanee, France. [Elmgren, Ragnar] Stockholm Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Plant Sci, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Grall, Jacques] Univ Bretagne Occidentale, Observat MARin, Inst Univ Europeen Mer, Rue Dumont Urville, F-29280 Plouzanee, France. [Greening, Holly; Sherwood, Edward T.] Tampa Bay Estuary Program, 263 13th Ave S,Suite 350, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Johansson, John Olov Roger] Janicki Environm Inc, 1155 Eden Isle Dr NE, St Petersburg, FL 33704 USA. [Kahru, Mati] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Xu, Jie] Chinese Acad Sci, South China Sea Inst Oceanol, State Key Lab Trop Oceanog, 164 West Xingang Rd, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yin, Kedong] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Marine Sci, 132 Wai Huan East Rd, Guangzhou 51006, Guangdong, Peoples R China. RP Cloern, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jecloern@usgs.gov RI Yin, Kedong/B-9773-2009; Abreu, Paulo/A-5145-2013; OI Yin, Kedong/0000-0002-4008-4267; Abreu, Paulo/0000-0002-7657-1112; Cloern, James/0000-0002-5880-6862 FU U S Geological Survey National Research Program; U S Geological Survey Priority Ecosystem Science FX This review was produced with support from the U S Geological Survey National Research Program and Priority Ecosystem Science. It is a contribution from the International Group for Marine Ecological Time Series (http://igmets.net) of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission. NR 95 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 24 U2 94 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 513 EP 529 DI 10.1111/gcb.13059 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC3RC UT WOS:000369135400004 PM 26242490 ER PT J AU Bassar, RD Letcher, BH Nislow, KH Whiteley, AR AF Bassar, Ronald D. Letcher, Benjamin H. Nislow, Keith H. Whiteley, Andrew R. TI Changes in seasonal climate outpace compensatory density-dependence in eastern brook trout SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE climate change; density-dependence; integral projection models; metapopulations; salmonids; size-structure ID INTEGRAL PROJECTION MODELS; MATRIX POPULATION-MODELS; ATLANTIC SALMON; WATER TEMPERATURE; CUTTHROAT TROUT; FRESH-WATER; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; STREAM; LIFE AB Understanding how multiple extrinsic (density-independent) factors and intrinsic (density-dependent) mechanisms influence population dynamics has become increasingly urgent in the face of rapidly changing climates. It is particularly unclear how multiple extrinsic factors with contrasting effects among seasons are related to declines in population numbers and changes in mean body size and whether there is a strong role for density-dependence. The primary goal of this study was to identify the roles of seasonal variation in climate driven environmental direct effects (mean stream flow and temperature) vs. density-dependence on population size and mean body size in eastern brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). We use data from a 10-year capture-mark-recapture study of eastern brook trout in four streams in Western Massachusetts, USA to parameterize a discrete-time population projection model. The model integrates matrix modeling techniques used to characterize discrete population structures (age, habitat type, and season) with integral projection models (IPMs) that characterize demographic rates as continuous functions of organismal traits (in this case body size). Using both stochastic and deterministic analyses we show that decreases in population size are due to changes in stream flow and temperature and that these changes are larger than what can be compensated for through density-dependent responses. We also show that the declines are due mostly to increasing mean stream temperatures decreasing the survival of the youngest age class. In contrast, increases in mean body size over the same period are the result of indirect changes in density with a lesser direct role of climate-driven environmental change. C1 [Bassar, Ronald D.; Letcher, Benjamin H.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Bassar, Ronald D.; Letcher, Benjamin H.; Nislow, Keith H.; Whiteley, Andrew R.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Nislow, Keith H.] Univ Massachusetts, USDA Forest Serv, No Res Stn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP Bassar, RD (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.; Bassar, RD (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM ronald.bassar@zoo.ox.ac.uk FU US Fish, Wildlife Service North Atlantic Conservation Cooperative; Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station [14] FX We thank the numerous students and interns who have helped to sample the West Brook study site. A special thanks to Todd Dubreuil, Matthew O'Donnell, and Jason Coombs for coordinating the logistics and field work at the West Brook study site. Thanks also to Krzysztof Sakrejda for maintaining the computer facilities at the University of Massachusetts Amherst which were used to analyze the model. Partial funding was provided by the US Fish, Wildlife Service North Atlantic Conservation Cooperative and from the Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station (project number MAS # 14). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 53 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 30 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 577 EP 593 DI 10.1111/gcb.13135 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC3RC UT WOS:000369135400009 PM 26490737 ER PT J AU Williams, CJ Frost, PC Morales-Williams, AM Larson, JH Richardson, WB Chiandet, AS Xenopoulos, MA AF Williams, Clayton J. Frost, Paul C. Morales-Williams, Ana M. Larson, James H. Richardson, William B. Chiandet, Aisha S. Xenopoulos, Marguerite A. TI Human activities cause distinct dissolved organic mattercomposition across freshwater ecosystems SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anthropogenic; carbon cycling; cultural eutrophication; fluorescence spectroscopy; land use; parallel factor analysis modeling; urban; UV-visible absorbance ID GREAT-LAKES REGION; FLUORESCENCE SPECTROSCOPY; MATTER FLUORESCENCE; LAND-USE; CARBON; LANDSCAPE; STREAMS; RIVER; CLIMATE; URBANIZATION AB Dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition in freshwater ecosystems is influenced by the interactions among physical, chemical, and biological processes that are controlled, at one level, by watershed landscape, hydrology, and their connections. Against this environmental template, humans may strongly influence DOM composition. Yet, we lack a comprehensive understanding of DOM composition variation across freshwater ecosystems differentially affected by human activity. Using optical properties, we described DOM variation across five ecosystem groups of the Laurentian Great Lakes region: large lakes, Kawartha Lakes, Experimental Lakes Area, urban stormwater ponds, and rivers (n=184 sites). We determined how between ecosystem variation in DOM composition related to watershed size, land use and cover, water quality measures (conductivity, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), nutrient concentration, chlorophyll a), and human population density. The five freshwater ecosystem groups had distinctive DOM composition from each other. These significant differences were not explained completely through differences in watershed size nor spatial autocorrelation. Instead, multivariate partial least squares regression showed that DOM composition was related to differences in human impact across freshwater ecosystems. In particular, urban/developed watersheds with higher human population densities had a unique DOM composition with a clear anthropogenic influence that was distinct from DOM composition in natural land cover and/or agricultural watersheds. This nonagricultural, human developed impact on aquatic DOM was most evident through increased levels of a microbial, humic-like parallel factor analysis component (C6). Lotic and lentic ecosystems with low human population densities had DOM compositions more typical of clear water to humic-rich freshwater ecosystems but C6 was only present at trace to background levels. Consequently, humans are strongly altering the quality of DOM in waters nearby or flowing through highly populated areas, which may alter carbon cycles in anthropogenically disturbed ecosystems at broad scales. C1 [Williams, Clayton J.; Frost, Paul C.; Xenopoulos, Marguerite A.] Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Morales-Williams, Ana M.] Trent Univ, Environm & Life Sci Grad Program, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Larson, James H.; Richardson, William B.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA. [Chiandet, Aisha S.] Severn Sound Environm Assoc, Midland, ON, Canada. RP Williams, CJ (reprint author), Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada.; Williams, CJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Brockport, Dept Environm Sci & Biol, Brockport, NY 14420 USA. EM cjwillia@brockport.edu FU Canada's Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Strategic programs; Environment Canada; Lake Simcoe Clean-Up Fund; NSERC Discovery program; NSERC University Faculty Award; Early Researcher Award from the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation; Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation; Great Lakes Restoration Initiative [82] FX We thank A. Scott, J. Veldboom, B. Knights, R. Kennedy, A. Milde, our undergraduate research assistants, and the Kawartha Lakes Stewards Association for field and laboratory assistance. Funding was provided by Canada's Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Strategic programs, Environment Canada, and Lake Simcoe Clean-Up Fund to PCF and MAX. MAX acknowledges additional support from the NSERC Discovery program, an NSERC University Faculty Award, and an Early Researcher Award from the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation. CJW acknowledges support from a postdoctoral fellowship from the Ontario Ministry of Economic Development and Innovation. JHL was supported by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (Project #82). Finally, we thank three anonymous reviewers for their high quality reviews of our manuscript, which lead to a better and more insightful manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 33 U2 94 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 613 EP 626 DI 10.1111/gcb.13094 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC3RC UT WOS:000369135400012 PM 26390994 ER PT J AU Lara, MJ Genet, H McGuire, AD Euskirchen, ES Zhang, YJ Brown, DRN Jorgenson, MT Romanovsky, V Breen, A Bolton, WR AF Lara, Mark J. Genet, Helene McGuire, Anthony D. Euskirchen, Eugenie S. Zhang, Yujin Brown, Dana R. N. Jorgenson, Mark T. Romanovsky, Vladimir Breen, Amy Bolton, William R. TI Thermokarst rates intensify due to climate change and forest fragmentation in an Alaskan boreal forest lowland SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birch; boreal; climate change; interior Alaska; permafrost; spruce; succession; Tanana Flats; thermokarst; wetlands ID INTERIOR ALASKA; PERMAFROST DEGRADATION; NORTHWEST-TERRITORIES; DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; CLASSIFICATION ACCURACY; REGRESSION TREES; FIRE REGIME; CANADA; PEATLANDS; ECOSYSTEMS AB Lowland boreal forest ecosystems in Alaska are dominated by wetlands comprised of a complex mosaic of fens, collapse-scar bogs, low shrub/scrub, and forests growing on elevated ice-rich permafrost soils. Thermokarst has affected the lowlands of the Tanana Flats in central Alaska for centuries, as thawing permafrost collapses forests that transition to wetlands. Located within the discontinuous permafrost zone, this region has significantly warmed over the past half-century, and much of these carbon-rich permafrost soils are now within similar to 0.5 degrees C of thawing. Increased permafrost thaw in lowland boreal forests in response to warming may have consequences for the climate system. This study evaluates the trajectories and potential drivers of 60years of forest change in a landscape subjected to permafrost thaw in unburned dominant forest types (paper birch and black spruce) associated with location on elevated permafrost plateau and across multiple time periods (1949, 1978, 1986, 1998, and 2009) using historical and contemporary aerial and satellite images for change detection. We developed (i) a deterministic statistical model to evaluate the potential climatic controls on forest change using gradient boosting and regression tree analysis, and (ii) a 30x30m land cover map of the Tanana Flats to estimate the potential landscape-level losses of forest area due to thermokarst from 1949 to 2009. Over the 60-year period, we observed a nonlinear loss of birch forests and a relatively continuous gain of spruce forest associated with thermokarst and forest succession, while gradient boosting/regression tree models identify precipitation and forest fragmentation as the primary factors controlling birch and spruce forest change, respectively. Between 1950 and 2009, landscape-level analysis estimates a transition of similar to 15km(2) or similar to 7% of birch forests to wetlands, where the greatest change followed warm periods. This work highlights that the vulnerability and resilience of lowland ice-rich permafrost ecosystems to climate changes depend on forest type. C1 [Lara, Mark J.; Genet, Helene; Euskirchen, Eugenie S.; Zhang, Yujin; Brown, Dana R. N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [McGuire, Anthony D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Jorgenson, Mark T.] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Romanovsky, Vladimir] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Breen, Amy] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Scenarios Network Alaska & Arctic Planning, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Bolton, William R.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Lara, MJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM mjlara@alaska.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Climate Science Center; Arctic, Northwest Boreal, and Western Alaska Landscape Conservation Cooperatives for the Integrated Ecosystem Model Project for Alaska and Northwest Canada; National Science Foundation through the Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program; Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [RC-2110]; Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the US Geological Survey's Ecosystem Mission Area; Department of Energy through the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE-Arctic) FX This research was primarily supported by funding from U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Climate Science Center and the Arctic, Northwest Boreal, and Western Alaska Landscape Conservation Cooperatives for the Integrated Ecosystem Model Project for Alaska and Northwest Canada. Support was also provided by National Science Foundation through the Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program, the Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (Project RC-2110), the Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the US Geological Survey's Ecosystem Mission Area, and the Department of Energy through the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments (NGEE-Arctic). We thank Merritt Turetsky for her thoughtful review of the manuscript, and Katie Nicolato and Steve Brown who assisted with field data collection. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 68 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 14 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 816 EP 829 DI 10.1111/gcb.13124 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC3RC UT WOS:000369135400027 PM 26463267 ER PT J AU Voelker, SL Brooks, JR Meinzer, FC Anderson, R Bader, MKF Battipaglia, G Becklin, KM Beerling, D Bert, D Betancourt, JL Dawson, TE Domec, JC Guyette, RP Korner, C Leavitt, SW Linder, S Marshall, JD Mildner, M Ogee, J Panyushkina, I Plumpton, HJ Pregitzer, KS Saurer, M Smith, AR Siegwolf, RTW Stambaugh, MC Talhelm, AF Tardif, JC Van de Water, PK Ward, JK Wingate, L AF Voelker, Steven L. Brooks, J. Renee Meinzer, Frederick C. Anderson, Rebecca Bader, Martin K. -F. Battipaglia, Giovanna Becklin, Katie M. Beerling, David Bert, Didier Betancourt, Julio L. Dawson, Todd E. Domec, Jean-Christophe Guyette, Richard P. Koerner, Christian Leavitt, Steven W. Linder, Sune Marshall, John D. Mildner, Manuel Ogee, Jerome Panyushkina, Irina Plumpton, Heather J. Pregitzer, Kurt S. Saurer, Matthias Smith, Andrew R. Siegwolf, Rolf T. W. Stambaugh, Michael C. Talhelm, Alan F. Tardif, Jacques C. Van de Water, Peter K. Ward, Joy K. Wingate, Lisa TI A dynamic leaf gas-exchange strategy is conserved in woody plants under changing ambient CO2: evidence from carbon isotope discrimination in paleo and CO2 enrichment studies SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE angiosperm; carbon dioxide; free-air CO2 enrichment; gymnosperm; optimal stomatal behavior; photosynthesis; stomatal conductance; water use efficiency ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; VAPOR-PRESSURE DEFICIT; RING STABLE-ISOTOPES; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; ANTARCTIC ICE CORE; FOREST FACE SITES; ELEVATED CO2; TREE-RINGS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; MESOPHYLL CONDUCTANCE AB Rising atmospheric [CO2], c(a), is expected to affect stomatal regulation of leaf gas-exchange of woody plants, thus influencing energy fluxes as well as carbon (C), water, and nutrient cycling of forests. Researchers have proposed various strategies for stomatal regulation of leaf gas-exchange that include maintaining a constant leaf internal [CO2], c(i), a constant drawdown in CO2 (c(a)-c(i)), and a constant c(i)/c(a). These strategies can result in drastically different consequences for leaf gas-exchange. The accuracy of Earth systems models depends in part on assumptions about generalizable patterns in leaf gas-exchange responses to varying c(a). The concept of optimal stomatal behavior, exemplified by woody plants shifting along a continuum of these strategies, provides a unifying framework for understanding leaf gas-exchange responses to c(a). To assess leaf gas-exchange regulation strategies, we analyzed patterns in c(i) inferred from studies reporting C stable isotope ratios (C-13) or photosynthetic discrimination () in woody angiosperms and gymnosperms that grew across a range of c(a) spanning at least 100ppm. Our results suggest that much of the c(a)-induced changes in c(i)/c(a) occurred across c(a) spanning 200 to 400ppm. These patterns imply that c(a)-c(i) will eventually approach a constant level at high c(a) because assimilation rates will reach a maximum and stomatal conductance of each species should be constrained to some minimum level. These analyses are not consistent with canalization toward any single strategy, particularly maintaining a constant c(i). Rather, the results are consistent with the existence of a broadly conserved pattern of stomatal optimization in woody angiosperms and gymnosperms. This results in trees being profligate water users at low c(a), when additional water loss is small for each unit of C gain, and increasingly water-conservative at high c(a), when photosystems are saturated and water loss is large for each unit C gain. C1 [Voelker, Steven L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, NHEERL, 200 SW 35Th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [Meinzer, Frederick C.] USDA, Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Anderson, Rebecca] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Jack Baskin Engn, Santa Cruz, CA 95604 USA. [Bader, Martin K. -F.] New Zealand Forest Res Inst SCION, Te Papa Tipu Innovat Pk,20 Sala St, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand. [Battipaglia, Giovanna] Univ Naples 2, Dept Environm Biol & Pharmaceut Sci & Technol DiS, I-81100 Caserta, Italy. [Battipaglia, Giovanna] Univ Montpellier 2, Ctr Bioarchaeol & Ecol, Ecole Prat Hautes Etud, Inst Bot, F-34090 Montpellier, France. [Becklin, Katie M.; Ward, Joy K.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, 1200 Sunnyside Ave, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Beerling, David] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Bert, Didier] INRA, BIOGECO UMR1202, F-33610 Cestas, France. [Bert, Didier] Univ Bordeaux, UMR BIOGECO 1202, F-33615 Pessac, France. [Betancourt, Julio L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Water Mission Area, Mail Stop 430,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Dawson, Todd E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, 1105 Valley Life Sci Bldg 3140, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Domec, Jean-Christophe; Ogee, Jerome; Wingate, Lisa] INRA, Bordeaux Sci Agro, UMR ISPA 1391, F-33175 Gradignan, France. [Domec, Jean-Christophe] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Guyette, Richard P.; Stambaugh, Michael C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Koerner, Christian; Mildner, Manuel] Univ Basel, Inst Bot, Schonbeinstr 6, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland. [Leavitt, Steven W.; Plumpton, Heather J.; Wingate, Lisa] INRA, ISPA UMR1391, F-33140 Villenave Dornon, France. [Linder, Sune; Panyushkina, Irina] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, 1215 E Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Marshall, John D.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Southern Swedish Forest Res Ctr, POB 49, SE-23053 Alnarp, Sweden. [Marshall, John D.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Forest Ecol & Management, SE-90183 Umea, Sweden. [Pregitzer, Kurt S.; Talhelm, Alan F.] Univ Idaho, Dept Forest Rangeland & Fire Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Saurer, Matthias; Siegwolf, Rolf T. W.] Paul Scherrer Inst, CH-5323 Villigen, Switzerland. [Smith, Andrew R.] Bangor Univ, Sch Environm Nat Resources & Geog, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales. [Tardif, Jacques C.] Univ Winnipeg, C FIR, 515 Ave Portage, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. [Van de Water, Peter K.] Calif State Univ Fresno, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 2576 E San Ramon Ave,Mail Stop ST-24, Fresno, CA 93740 USA. RP Voelker, SL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM dr.s.voelker@gmail.com RI Smith, Andy/A-7512-2011; Siegwolf, Rolf/D-4121-2009; Ogee, Jerome/C-7185-2013; Wingate, Lisa/G-5575-2015 OI Smith, Andy/0000-0001-8580-278X; Siegwolf, Rolf/0000-0002-0249-0651; Wingate, Lisa/0000-0003-1921-1556 FU National Science Foundation [DEB-0743882, AGS-1003601, NSF-EAR-1344703]; INRA EFPA Projet Innovant grant; French Research Agency [MACACC ANR-13-AGRO-0005, MARIS ANR-14-CE03-0007] FX We thank Dr. Jeff Warren, Dr. Jon Keeley, Dr. Jim Ehleringer and an anonymous reviewer for providing comments that greatly improved the manuscript and the many contributors who helped produce the data sets analyzed here. Research by S. Voelker was supported by the National Science Foundation grants DEB-0743882 and AGS-1003601. JCD, LW, JO and HJP acknowledge financial support from the INRA EFPA Projet Innovant (2012) grant awarded to LW and from the French Research Agency (projects MACACC ANR-13-AGRO-0005 and MARIS ANR-14-CE03-0007) and the National Science Foundation (NSF-EAR-1344703). We would also like to thank James Rolfe at the Godwin Laboratory at the University of Cambridge for his responsive analysis of the DUKE Face tree ring material. This manuscript has been subjected to the Environmental Protection Agency's peer and administrative review, and it has been approved for publication as an EPA document. It also underwent internal review and received formal approval by the U.S. Geological Survey. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or a recommendation for use. NR 106 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 19 U2 75 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1354-1013 EI 1365-2486 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 22 IS 2 BP 889 EP 902 DI 10.1111/gcb.13102 PG 14 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC3RC UT WOS:000369135400032 PM 26391334 ER PT J AU Maizel, D Blum, JS Ferrero, MA Utturkar, SM Brown, SD Rosen, BP Oremland, RS AF Maizel, Daniela Blum, Jodi Switzer Ferrero, Marcela A. Utturkar, Sagar M. Brown, Steven D. Rosen, Barry P. Oremland, Ronald S. TI Characterization of the extremely arsenic-resistant Brevibacterium linens strain AE038-8 isolated from contaminated groundwater in Tucuman, Argentina SO INTERNATIONAL BIODETERIORATION & BIODEGRADATION LA English DT Article DE Arsenic-resistance; Brevibacterium linens; Groundwater ID PROTEIN-TYROSINE PHOSPHATASES; GROWTH-PROMOTING TRAITS; ARS OPERON HOMOLOG; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; AGRICULTURAL SOIL; REDUCING BACTERIA; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; DETOXIFICATION; REDUCTION; RHIZOSPHERE AB Brevibacterium linens AE038-8, isolated from As-contaminated groundwater in Tucuman (Argentina), is highly resistant to arsenic oxyanions, being able to tolerate up to 1 M As(V) and 75 mM As(III) in a complex medium. Strain AE038-8 was also able to reduce As(V) to As(III) when grown in complex medium but paradoxically it could not do this in a defined minimal medium with sodium acetate and ammonium sulfate as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively. No oxidation of As(III) to As(V) was observed under any conditions. Three copies of the ars operon comprising arsenic resistance genes were found on B. linens AE038-8 genome. In addition to the well known arsC, ACR3 and arsR, two copies of the arsO gene of unknown function were detected. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Maizel, Daniela; Ferrero, Marcela A.] Univ Nacl Tucuman, CONICET, PROIMI, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. [Utturkar, Sagar M.; Brown, Steven D.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Genome Sci & Technol, Knoxville, TN USA. [Brown, Steven D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Rosen, Barry P.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Cellular Biol & Pharmacol, Herbert Wertheim Coll Med, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Blum, Jodi Switzer; Oremland, Ronald S.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 480, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Ferrero, MA (reprint author), Univ Nacl Tucuman, CONICET, PROIMI, RA-4000 San Miguel De Tucuman, Tucuman, Argentina. EM mferrero@proimi.org.ar OI Brown, Steven/0000-0002-9281-3898 FU NASA-PBI (Planetary Biology Internship) program; NIH [R37 GM55425]; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; Ministry of Science and Technology (MINCyT), Argentina [PICT2008-312] FX The authors acknowledge financial support from NASA-PBI (Planetary Biology Internship) program, NIH grant R37 GM55425 to BPR, and to the U.S. Geological Survey (Menlo Park, California) and the Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University (Miami, Florida) for allowing us to conduct part of this research at their labs. We also acknowledge the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the DOE under Contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. This study was conducted as a part of the Project PICT2008-312 of the Ministry of Science and Technology (MINCyT), Argentina. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0964-8305 EI 1879-0208 J9 INT BIODETER BIODEGR JI Int. Biodeterior. Biodegrad. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 107 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.ibiod.2015.11.022 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC4QZ UT WOS:000369206700020 ER PT J AU Cheek, BD Grabowski, TB Bean, PT Groeschel, JR Magnelia, SJ AF Cheek, Brandon D. Grabowski, Timothy B. Bean, Preston T. Groeschel, Jillian R. Magnelia, Stephan J. TI Evaluating habitat associations of a fish assemblage at multiple spatial scales in a minimally disturbed stream using low-cost remote sensing SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE stream; river; habitat mapping; landscape; fish ID SIDE-SCAN SONAR; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; RIVER RESTORATION; LAND-USE; LANDSCAPE; WATER; CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY; QUALITY AB 1. Habitat heterogeneity at multiple scales is a major factor affecting fish assemblage structure. However, assessments that examine these relationships at multiple scales concurrently are lacking. The lack of assessments at these scales is a critical gap in understanding as conservation and restoration efforts typically work at these levels. A combination of low-cost side-scan sonar surveys, aerial imagery using an unmanned aerial vehicle, and fish collections were used to evaluate the relationship between physicochemical and landscape variables at various spatial scales (e.g. micro-mesohabitat, mesohabitat, channel unit, stream reach) and stream-fish assemblage structure and habitat associations in the South Llano River, a spring-fed second-order stream on the Edwards Plateau in central Texas during 2012-2013. Low-cost side-scan sonar surveys have not typically been used to generate data for riverscape assessments of assemblage structure, thus the secondary objective was to assess the efficacy of this approach. The finest spatial scale (micro-mesohabitat) and the intermediate scale (channel unit) had the greatest explanatory power for variation in fish assemblage structure. Many of the fish endemic to the Edwards Plateau showed similar associations with physicochemical and landscape variables suggesting that conservation and restoration actions targeting a single endemic species may provide benefits to a large proportion of the endemic species in this system. Low-cost side-scan sonar proved to be a cost-effective means of acquiring information on the habitat availability of the entire river length and allowed the assessment of how a full suite of riverscape-level variables influenced local fish assemblage structure. Copyright (c) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Cheek, Brandon D.; Bean, Preston T.; Groeschel, Jillian R.] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Grabowski, Timothy B.] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 42120, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Magnelia, Stephan J.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Inland Fisheries Div, San Marcos, TX USA. [Bean, Preston T.] Heart Hills Fisheries Sci Ctr, Inland Fisheries Div, Texas Pk & Wildlife Dept, Mt Home, TX USA. [Groeschel, Jillian R.] US Bur Land Management, Canon City, CO USA. RP Grabowski, TB (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 42120, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM tgrabowski@usgs.gov FU Texas Parks and Wildlife Department through US Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grant [T-60]; US Geological Survey [G11AC20436]; Texas Tech University Animal Care and Use Committee [AUP 11062-08] FX The authors thank P. Borsdorf, B. Grisham, K. Linner, D. Logue, J. Mueller, for their assistance with field collections and R. Stubblefield, K. Lopez, and T. Arsuffi for their logistical assistance in the field. A. Kaeser provided guidance in the collection and interpretation of side-scan sonar data. S. K. Brewer, G. Garrett, A. Pease, and D. Rogowski provided comments and suggestions that greatly improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. This research was supported by Texas Parks and Wildlife Department through US Fish and Wildlife Service State Wildlife Grant T-60 and the US Geological Survey (cooperative agreement number G11AC20436) and was conducted under the auspices of the Texas Tech University Animal Care and Use Committee (AUP 11062-08). Cooperating agencies for the Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit are the US Geological Survey, Texas Tech University, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, US Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 68 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1052-7613 EI 1099-0755 J9 AQUAT CONSERV JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 26 IS 1 BP 20 EP 34 DI 10.1002/aqc.2569 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DC1VH UT WOS:000369005100003 ER PT J AU Wilson, RS Hardisty, DJ Epanchin-Niell, RS Runge, MC Cottingham, KL Urban, DL Maguire, LA Hastings, A Mumby, PJ Peters, DPC AF Wilson, Robyn S. Hardisty, David J. Epanchin-Niell, Rebecca S. Runge, Michael C. Cottingham, Kathryn L. Urban, Dean L. Maguire, Lynn A. Hastings, Alan Mumby, Peter J. Peters, Debra P. C. TI A typology of time-scale mismatches and behavioral interventions to diagnose and solve conservation problems SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE decision theory; economics; psychology; socioecological systems; temporal lags ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; SCIENCE; SYSTEMS; CHOICE; RISK AB Ecological systems often operate on time scales significantly longer or shorter than the time scales typical of human decision making, which causes substantial difficulty for conservation and management in socioecological systems. For example, invasive species may move faster than humans can diagnose problems and initiate solutions, and climate systems may exhibit long-term inertia and short-term fluctuations that obscure learning about the efficacy of management efforts in many ecological systems. We adopted a management-decision framework that distinguishes decision makers within public institutions from individual actors within the social system, calls attention to the ways socioecological systems respond to decision makers' actions, and notes institutional learning that accrues from observing these responses. We used this framework, along with insights from bedeviling conservation problems, to create a typology that identifies problematic time-scale mismatches occurring between individual decision makers in public institutions and between individual actors in the social or ecological system. We also considered solutions that involve modifying human perception and behavior at the individual level as a means of resolving these problematic mismatches. The potential solutions are derived from the behavioral economics and psychology literature on temporal challenges in decision making, such as the human tendency to discount future outcomes at irrationally high rates. These solutions range from framing environmental decisions to enhance the salience of long-term consequences, to using structured decision processes that make time scales of actions and consequences more explicit, to structural solutions aimed at altering the consequences of short-sighted behavior to make it less appealing. Additional application of these tools and long-term evaluation measures that assess not just behavioral changes but also associated changes in ecological systems are needed. C1 [Wilson, Robyn S.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 210 Kottman Hall,2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. [Hardisty, David J.] Univ British Columbia, Sauder Sch Business, 2053 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z2, Canada. [Epanchin-Niell, Rebecca S.] Resources Future Inc, 1616 P St NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Cottingham, Kathryn L.] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Biol Sci, 78 Coll St, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Urban, Dean L.; Maguire, Lynn A.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Box 90328, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Hastings, Alan] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Mumby, Peter J.] ARC Ctr Excellence Reef Studies, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Mumby, Peter J.] Sch Biol Sci, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Peters, Debra P. C.] ARS, USDA, Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Wilson, RS (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, 210 Kottman Hall,2021 Coffey Rd, Columbus, OH 43221 USA. EM wilson.1376@osu.edu FU National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) from the National Science Foundation [DBI-1052875]; University of Maryland; University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, and Resources; NSF Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences grant through the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems Program [BCS-1114934]; UC AES project [CA-D-ESP-2163-H]; NSF [DEB-1009957] FX This work was supported by the National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center (SESYNC) under funding received from the National Science Foundation DBI-1052875 with additional support from University of Maryland, University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, and Resources for the Future. This work was also supported by an NSF Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences grant through the Dynamics of Coupled Natural and Human Systems Program (BCS-1114934), as well as UC AES project CA-D-ESP-2163-H and NSF grant DEB-1009957. We are grateful to F. Johnson and 2 anonymous reviewers for their thoughtful comments. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 49 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 12 U2 44 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1111/cobi.12632 PG 8 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC0WG UT WOS:000368938000006 PM 26390368 ER PT J AU Shaffer, JA Buhl, DA AF Shaffer, Jill A. Buhl, Deborah A. TI Effects of wind-energy facilities on breeding grassland bird distributions SO CONSERVATION BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE avoidance; before-after-control-impact design; climate change; displacement; renewable energy; upland birds; wind turbine ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; SOUTH-DAKOTA; NORTH-DAKOTA; POPULATIONS; IMPACTS; FARMS; CONVERSION; ABUNDANCE; TURBINES; WETLANDS AB The contribution of renewable energy to meet worldwide demand continues to grow. Wind energy is one of the fastest growing renewable sectors, but new wind facilities are often placed in prime wildlife habitat. Long-term studies that incorporate a rigorous statistical design to evaluate the effects of wind facilities on wildlife are rare. We conducted a before-after-control-impact (BACI) assessment to determine if wind facilities placed in native mixed-grass prairies displaced breeding grassland birds. During 2003-2012, we monitored changes in bird density in 3 study areas in North Dakota and South Dakota (U.S.A.). We examined whether displacement or attraction occurred 1 year after construction (immediate effect) and the average displacement or attraction 2-5 years after construction (delayed effect). We tested for these effects overall and within distance bands of 100, 200, 300, and >300 m from turbines. We observed displacement for 7 of 9 species. One species was unaffected by wind facilities and one species exhibited attraction. Displacement and attraction generally occurred within 100 m and often extended up to 300 m. In a few instances, displacement extended beyond 300 m. Displacement and attraction occurred 1 year after construction and persisted at least 5 years. Our research provides a framework for applying a BACI design to displacement studies and highlights the erroneous conclusions that can be made without the benefit of adopting such a design. More broadly, species-specific behaviors can be used to inform management decisions about turbine placement and the potential impact to individual species. Additionally, the avoidance distance metrics we estimated can facilitate future development of models evaluating impacts of wind facilities under differing land-use scenarios. C1 [Shaffer, Jill A.; Buhl, Deborah A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. RP Shaffer, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. EM jshaffer@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey; NEE FX This study would not have been possible without the contribution of D. Johnson, who conceptualized the study and its design and provided oversight. The authors acknowledge the opportunity provided to them by his foresight into the need for this study and his ability to secure long-term funding. Funding sources were U.S. Geological Survey and NEE. We are indebted to field technicians. Land and wind-facility access was permitted by Acciona, NEE, site managers, and landowners. B. Euliss, R. Gleason, W. Newton, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided technical and logistical support. Thanks to A. Pearse and 2 anonymous reviewers for insightful suggestions. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 18 U2 63 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0888-8892 EI 1523-1739 J9 CONSERV BIOL JI Conserv. Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 30 IS 1 BP 59 EP 71 DI 10.1111/cobi.12569 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC0WG UT WOS:000368938000008 PM 26213098 ER PT J AU Middleton, BA AF Middleton, Beth A. TI Differences in impacts of Hurricane Sandy on freshwater swamps on the Delmarva Peninsula, Mid-Atlantic Coast, USA SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Biogeography; Freshwater wetland; Northern geographic boundary; Salinity intrusion; Structural damage; Taxodium distichum; Tidal baldcypress swamp; Ecosystem shift ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; FOREST STRUCTURE; RIVER; KATRINA; LOUISIANA; VEGETATION; WETLAND; REGENERATION; RESTORATION; BALDCYPRESS AB Hurricane wind and saltwater surge may have different influences on the subsequent composition of forests. During Hurricane Sandy, while damaging winds were highest near landfall in New Jersey, inundation occurred along the entire eastern seaboard from Georgia to Maine. In this study, a comparison of damage from salinity intrusion vs. wind/surge was recorded in swamps of the Delmarva Peninsula along the Pocomoke (MD) and Nanticoke (DE) Rivers, south of the most intense wind damage. Hickory Point Cypress Swamp (Hickory) was closest to the Chesapeake Bay and may have been subjected to a salinity surge as evidenced by elevated salinity levels at a gage upstream of this swamp (storm salinity = 13.1 ppt at Nassawango Creek, Snow Hill, Maryland). After Hurricane Sandy, 8% of the standing trees died at Hickory including Acer rubrum, Amelanchier laevis, Ilex spp., and Taxodium distichum. In certain plots of Hickory, up to 25% of the standing trees were dead, corresponding with high soil salinity. The most important variables related to structural tree damage were soil salinity and proximity to the Atlantic coast as based on Stepwise Regression and NMDS procedures. Wind damage was mostly restricted to broken branches although tipped-up trees were found at Hickory, Whiton and Porter (species: Liquidamabar styraciflua, Pinus taeda, Populus deltoides, Quercus pagoda and Ilex spp.). These trees fell mostly in an east or east-southeast direction (88-107 degrees) in keeping with the wind direction of Hurricane Sandy on the Delmarva Peninsula. Coastal restoration and management can be informed by the specific differences in hurricane damage to vegetation by salt vs. wind. (C) Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Middleton, Beth A.] US Geol Survey, Wetlands & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. RP Middleton, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetlands & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. EM middletonb@usgs.gov OI Middleton, Beth/0000-0002-1220-2326 FU U.S. Geological Survey [GS2-5A] FX For logistical support, we thank Mike Schofield and William Koth of the Maryland and Delaware Department of Natural Resources, respectively. This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, GS2-5A, "Evaluating ecosystem resilience: assessing wetland ecosystem functions and processes in response to Hurricane Sandy impacts. Task 1. Hurricane Sandy Mitigation, Round 2." Thanks to Darren Johnson (Wetlands and Aquatic Research Center) for statistical advice, Elijah Ramsey, and anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 59 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0925-8574 EI 1872-6992 J9 ECOL ENG JI Ecol. Eng. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 87 BP 62 EP 70 DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.11.035 PG 9 WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering GA DC0IG UT WOS:000368899800008 ER PT J AU Brooks, W Corsi, S Fienen, M Carvin, R AF Brooks, Wesley Corsi, Steven Fienen, Michael Carvin, Rebecca TI Predicting recreational water quality advisories: A comparison of statistical methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE LA English DT Article DE Regression model; Performance evaluation; Beach health; Water quality ID FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; LAKE-MICHIGAN; BEACHES; REGRESSION; MODELS; CHICAGO; CONTAMINANTS; CALIFORNIA; SELECTION AB Epidemiological studies indicate that fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) in beach water are associated with illnesses among people having contact with the water. In order to mitigate public health impacts, many beaches are posted with an advisory when the concentration of FIB exceeds a beach action value. The most commonly used method of measuring FIB concentration takes 18-24 h before returning a result. In order to avoid the 24 h lag, it has become common to "nowcast" the FIB concentration using statistical regressions on environmental surrogate variables. Most commonly, nowcast models are estimated using ordinary least squares regression, but other" regression methods from the statistical and machine learning literature are sometimes used. This study compares 14 regression methods across 7 Wisconsin beaches to identify which consistently produces the most accurate predictions. A random forest model is identified as the most accurate, followed by multiple regression fit using the adaptive LASSO. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Brooks, Wesley; Corsi, Steven; Fienen, Michael; Carvin, Rebecca] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Corsi, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM wrbrooks@usgs.gov; srcorsi@usgs.gov; mnfienen@usgs.gov; rbcarvin@usgs.gov FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative [DW-14-92404001-4]; Ocean Research Priority Plan [DW-14-92404001-1] FX Support for this research was provided by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (contract DW-14-92404001-4) and the Ocean Research Priority Plan (contract DW-14-92404001-1). We thank the numerous people involved in the organization and sampling efforts for this program including Kim Busse, Colleen McDermott, Greg Kleinheinz and numerous students from the University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, Randy Lehr, Christopher McNerney, and numerous students from Northland College, the University of Wisconsin-Manitowoc, Manitowoc County, Door County, the City of Manitowoc, Ashland County, Bayfield County, the City of Ashland, Point Beach State Park, and the City of Two Rivers. The collection effort was coordinated by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. The predictive models for this study were generated using facilities and software (HTCondor) provided by the University of Wisconsin-Madison's Center for High Throughput Computing. The remotely sensed surrogates were measured and made available by the National Weather Service's North Central River Forecasting Center and Great Lakes Coastal Forecasting System, and the USGS National Water Information System. The Environmental Data Discovery and Transformation tool that was used to access the remotely sensed surrogates was created by the USGS Center for Integrated Data Analytics. We also acknowledge the input of Carrie Givens at the USGS Michigan Water Science Center and three anonymous referees who all helped to greatly improve the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 63 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-8152 EI 1873-6726 J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW JI Environ. Modell. Softw. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 76 BP 81 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.10.012 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB9WU UT WOS:000368869200007 ER PT J AU Kennedy, DA Kurath, G Brito, IL Purcell, MK Read, AF Winton, JR Wargo, AR AF Kennedy, David A. Kurath, Gael Brito, Ilana L. Purcell, Maureen K. Read, Andrew F. Winton, James R. Wargo, Andrew R. TI Potential drivers of virulence evolution in aquaculture SO EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aquaculture; evolution of virulence; infectious diseases ID HEMATOPOIETIC-NECROSIS-VIRUS; SPOT-SYNDROME-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC SEPTICEMIA VIRUS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; GYRODACTYLUS-SALARIS MALMBERG; PENAEUS LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI; BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; EMERGING VIRAL DISEASES; WILD ATLANTIC SALMON AB Infectious diseases are economically detrimental to aquaculture, and with continued expansion and intensification of aquaculture, the importance of managing infectious diseases will likely increase in the future. Here, we use evolution of virulence theory, along with examples, to identify aquaculture practices that might lead to the evolution of increased pathogen virulence. We identify eight practices common in aquaculture that theory predicts may favor evolution toward higher pathogen virulence. Four are related to intensive aquaculture operations, and four others are related specifically to infectious disease control. Our intention is to make aquaculture managers aware of these risks, such that with increased vigilance, they might be able to detect and prevent the emergence and spread of increasingly troublesome pathogen strains in the future. C1 [Kennedy, David A.; Read, Andrew F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, W-245A Millennium Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kennedy, David A.; Read, Andrew F.] Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, W-245A Millennium Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Kennedy, David A.; Read, Andrew F.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kurath, Gael; Purcell, Maureen K.; Winton, James R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. [Brito, Ilana L.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Wargo, Andrew R.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. RP Kennedy, DA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, W-245A Millennium Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Kennedy, DA (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, W-245A Millennium Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM dak30@psu.edu OI Purcell, Maureen/0000-0003-0154-8433 FU RAPIDD Program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health; Institute of General Medical Sciences [R01GM105244]; National Institutes of Health as part of the joint NSF-NIH-USDA Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases Program FX DAK was funded by the RAPIDD Program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, and by the Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM105244), National Institutes of Health as part of the joint NSF-NIH-USDA Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. We thank Tiffany Bogich, Mike Boots, Rachel Breyta, Marine Brieuc, Troy Day, Greg Dwyer, Gary Fornshell, Caroline Friedman, Kyle Garver, Alison Kell, Shannon Ladeau, Scott LaPatra, Jennie Lavine, Jamie Lloyd-Smith, Kerry Naish, Kim Pepin and Mark Zwart for discussions that helped shape this manuscript. NR 159 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 8 U2 39 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1752-4571 J9 EVOL APPL JI Evol. Appl. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 9 IS 2 BP 344 EP 354 DI 10.1111/eva.12342 PG 11 WC Evolutionary Biology SC Evolutionary Biology GA DB9NB UT WOS:000368841800003 PM 26834829 ER PT J AU Petrie, MD Wildeman, AM Bradford, JB Hubbard, RM Lauenroth, WK AF Petrie, M. D. Wildeman, A. M. Bradford, J. B. Hubbard, R. M. Lauenroth, W. K. TI A review of precipitation and temperature control on seedling emergence and establishment for ponderosa and lodgepole pine forest regeneration SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Review DE Ponderosa pine; Lodgepole pine; Germination; Regeneration; Climate; Review ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; CONTORTA VAR LATIFOLIA; ROOT-GROWTH CAPACITY; CHANGE-TYPE DROUGHT; HIGH-SEVERITY FIRE; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; WHITE SPRUCE; CONIFER SEEDLINGS; ENGELMANN SPRUCE AB The persistence of ponderosa pine and lodgepole pine forests in the 21st century depends to a large extent on how seedling emergence and establishment are influenced by driving climate and environmental variables, which largely govern forest regeneration. We surveyed the literature, and identified 96 publications that reported data on dependent variables of seedling emergence and/or establishment and one or more independent variables of air temperature, soil temperature, precipitation and moisture availability. Our review suggests that seedling emergence and establishment for both species is highest at intermediate temperatures (20 to 25 degrees C), and higher precipitation and higher moisture availability support a higher percentage of seedling emergence and establishment at daily, monthly and annual timescales. We found that ponderosa pine seedlings may be more sensitive to temperature fluctuations whereas lodge pole pine seedlings may be more sensitive to moisture fluctuations. In a changing climate, increasing temperatures and declining moisture availability may hinder forest persistence by limiting seedling processes. Yet, only 23 studies in our review investigated the effects of driving climate and environmental variables directly. Furthermore, 74 studies occurred in a laboratory or greenhouse, which do not often replicate the conditions experienced by tree seedlings in a field setting. It is therefore difficult to provide strong conclusions on how sensitive emergence and establishment in ponderosa and lodgepole pine are to these specific driving variables, or to investigate their potential aggregate effects. Thus, the effects of many driving variables on seedling processes remain largely inconclusive. Our review stresses the need for additional field and laboratory studies to better elucidate the effects of driving climate and environmental variables on seedling emergence and establishment for ponderosa and lodgepole pine. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Petrie, M. D.; Wildeman, A. M.; Bradford, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Petrie, M. D.; Lauenroth, W. K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Hubbard, R. M.] USDA Forest Serv, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Petrie, MD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM mpetrie@usgs.gov RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011 FU USDA Forest Service, Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center FX Portions of this study were funded by a grant from the USDA Forest Service, Western Wildland Environmental Threat Assessment Center. We would like to thank Laura Bojanowski for her help in conducting the literature review. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 139 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 9 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1127 EI 1872-7042 J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG JI For. Ecol. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 361 BP 328 EP 338 DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2015.11.028 PG 11 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DB8FZ UT WOS:000368753900029 ER PT J AU Mogollon, B Frimpong, EA Hoegh, AB Angermeier, PL AF Mogollon, Beatriz Frimpong, Emmanuel A. Hoegh, Andrew B. Angermeier, Paul L. TI An empirical assessment of which inland floods can be managed SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Flooding; Flood management; Flood-return period; Flow-regulating features; Landscape change; Southeastern United States ID LAND-COVER CHANGES; UNITED-STATES; WATER MANAGEMENT; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE; IMPERVIOUS SURFACES; CHANGING CLIMATE; FOREST COVER; LOW FLOWS AB Riverine flooding is a significant global issue. Although it is well documented that the influence of landscape structure on floods decreases as flood size increases, studies that define a threshold flood return period, above which landscape features such as topography, land cover and impoundments can curtail floods, are lacking. Further, the relative influences of natural versus built features on floods is poorly understood. Assumptions about the types of floods that can be managed have considerable implications for the cost-effectiveness of decisions to invest in transforming land cover (e.g., reforestation) and in constructing structures (e.g., storm-water ponds) to control floods. This study defines parameters of floods for which changes in landscape structure can have an impact. We compare nine flood-return periods across 31 watersheds with widely varying topography and land cover in the southeastern United States, using long-term hydrologic records (>= 20 years). We also assess the effects of built flow regulating features (best management practices and artificial water bodies) on selected flood metrics across urban watersheds. We show that landscape features affect magnitude and duration of only those floods with return periods <= 10 years, which suggests that larger floods cannot be managed effectively by manipulating landscape structure. Overall, urban watersheds exhibited larger (270 m(3)/s) but quicker (0.41 days) floods than non-urban watersheds (50 m(3)/s and 1.5 days). However, urban watersheds with more flow-regulating features had lower flood magnitudes (154 m(3)/s), but similar flood durations (0.55 days), compared to urban watersheds with fewer flow-regulating features (360 m(3)/s and 0.23 days). Our analysis provides insight into the magnitude, duration and count of floods that can be curtailed by landscape structure and its management. Our findings are relevant to other areas with similar climate, topography, and land use, and can help ensure that investments in flood management are made wisely after considering the limitations of landscape features to regulate floods. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mogollon, Beatriz; Frimpong, Emmanuel A.; Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hoegh, Andrew B.] Virginia Tech, Dept Stat, LISA, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Tech, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Mogollon, B (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM mogollon@vt.edu; frimp@vt.edu; ahoegh@vt.edu; biota@vt.edu FU Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at Virginia Tech; Virginia Water Resources Research Center; Virginia Lakes and Watersheds Association; Philanthropic Educational Organization; Department of Defense's Environmental Security Technology Certification Program [RC-201114]; United States Geological Survey's National Aquatic Gap Analysis Program [G09AC00405]; United States Geological Survey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank the Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at Virginia Tech, the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, the Virginia Lakes and Watersheds Association, the Philanthropic Educational Organization, the Department of Defense's Environmental Security Technology (grant no: RC-201114) Certification Program, and the United States Geological Survey's National Aquatic Gap Analysis Program (grant no: G09AC00405) for funding and support. We thank G. Anderson for his assistance in writing R code to speed the data analysis process, A. Villamagna, K. Stephenson and G. Moglen for comments on the manuscript, many county officers for help in compiling the BMP information, and three anonymous reviewers for their valuable contribution in improving the manuscript. The Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the United States Geological Survey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and Wildlife Management Institute. Use of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the United States government. NR 113 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 167 BP 38 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.044 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB8CQ UT WOS:000368745000006 PM 26613349 ER PT J AU Boldt, JA Oberg, KA AF Boldt, Justin A. Oberg, Kevin A. TI Validation of Streamflow Measurements Made with M9 and RiverRay Acoustic Doppler Current Profilers SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Streamflow; Discharge measurements; Validation; Acoustic Doppler current profilers; Field tests ID NORMALITY; VARIANCE; DISCHARGE AB The USGS Office of Surface Water (OSW) previously validated the use of Teledyne RD Instruments (TRDI) Rio Grande (in 2007), StreamPro (in 2006), and Broadband (in 1996) acoustic Doppler current profilers (ADCPs) for streamflow (discharge) measurements made by the USGS. Two new ADCPs, the SonTek M9 and the TRDI RiverRay, were first used in the USGS Water Mission Area programs in 2009. Since 2009, the OSW and USGS Water Science Centers (WSCs) have been conducting field measurements as part of their stream-gauging program using these ADCPs. The purpose of this paper is to document the results of USGS OSW analyses for validation of M9 and RiverRay ADCP streamflow measurements. The OSW required each participating WSC to make comparison measurements over the range of operating conditions in which the instruments were used until sufficient measurements were available. The performance of these ADCPs was evaluated for validation and to identify any present and potential problems. Statistical analyses of streamflow measurements indicate that measurements made with the SonTek M9 ADCP using firmware 2.00-3.00 or the TRDI RiverRay ADCP using firmware 44.12-44.15 are unbiased and, therefore, can continue to be used to make streamflow measurements in the USGS stream-gauging program. However, for the M9 ADCP, some important issues must be considered in making future measurements. Possible future work may include additional validation of streamflow measurements made with these instruments from other locations in the United States and measurement validation using updated firmware and software. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Boldt, Justin A.] USGS, Indiana Kentucky Water Sci Ctr, 9818 Bluegrass Pkwy, Louisville, KY 40299 USA. [Oberg, Kevin A.] USGS, Off Surface Water, 405 N Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Boldt, JA (reprint author), USGS, Indiana Kentucky Water Sci Ctr, 9818 Bluegrass Pkwy, Louisville, KY 40299 USA. EM jboldt@usgs.gov; kaoberg@usgs.gov OI Boldt, Justin/0000-0002-0771-3658 FU USGS OSW FX The USGS OSW provided financial support for the data analysis and reporting. The authors gratefully acknowledge all hydrographers who submitted ADCP streamflow measurement data used for validation to the online data depository. Nick Stasulis (USGS) assisted with the processing and review of comparison measurements. David Mueller and Mike Rehmel from the USGS provided advice and independent review for some data sets and statistical analyses. Tom Over, Tim Cohn, and Julie Kiang from the USGS are gratefully acknowledged for their review and advice regarding the statistical analyses. Angel Martin, Jr., Stacey Archfield, and three anonymous reviewers provided useful comments and suggestions for improving the manuscript. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 EI 1943-7900 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB PY 2016 VL 142 IS 2 AR 04015054 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001087 PG 16 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA DB9EZ UT WOS:000368820500018 ER PT J AU Buscombe, D Grams, PE Smith, SMC AF Buscombe, Daniel Grams, Paul E. Smith, Sean M. C. TI Automated Riverbed Sediment Classification Using Low-Cost Sidescan Sonar SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID WAVELET ANALYSIS; SCAN SONAR; COLORADO RIVER; BED-SEDIMENT; GRAIN-SIZE; SCATTERING; HABITAT; MARBLE AB The use of low-cost, low-profile, and highly portable sidescan sonar is on the ascendancy for imaging shallow riverine benthic sediments. A new automated, spatially explicit, and physically-based method for calculating lengthscales of bed texture elements in sidescan echograms (a 2D plot of acoustic intensity as a function of slant range and distance) is suggested. It uses spectral analysis based on the wavelet transform of short sequences of echograms. The recursive application of the transform over small overlapping windows of the echogram provides a robust measure of lengthscales of alternating patterns of strong and weak echoes. This textural lengthscale is not a direct measure of grain size. Rather, it is a statistical representation that integrates over many attributes of bed texture, of which grain size is the most important. The technique is a physically-based means to identify regions of texture within a sidescan echogram, and could provide a basis for objective, automated riverbed sediment classification. Results are evaluated using data from two contrasting riverbed environments: those of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, and the West Branch of the Penobscot River, Maine. C1 [Buscombe, Daniel; Grams, Paul E.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Smith, Sean M. C.] Univ Maine, Sch Earth & Climate Sci, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Buscombe, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM dbuscombe@usgs.gov FU Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program FX Thanks to dedicated field technicians and river guides. The manuscript benefited greatly from comments by the associate editor and two anonymous reviewers. This work was funded by the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program administered by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States government. Tools for carrying out the analyses described in this paper have been developed in an open-source, cross-platform language (Python), and made computationally efficient using parallel processing and an optimising static compiler (Cython). This software is freely available under a GNU license at: https://github.com/dbuscombe-usgs/PyHum. NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 EI 1943-7900 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB PY 2016 VL 142 IS 2 AR 06015019 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001079 PG 7 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA DB9EZ UT WOS:000368820500013 ER PT J AU Walder, JS AF Walder, Joseph S. TI Dimensionless Erosion Laws for Cohesive Sediment SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID SHEAR-STRESS; BULK-DENSITY; SURFACE ERODIBILITY; CONCENTRATED FLOW; EARTHEN CHANNELS; BED; TRANSPORT; SCOUR; JET; IMPINGEMENT AB A method of achieving a dimensionless collapse of erosion-rate data for cohesive sediments is proposed and shown to work well for data collected in flume-erosion tests on mixtures of sand and mud (silt plus clay sized particles) for a wide range of mud fraction. The data collapse corresponds to a dimensional erosion law of the form E similar to (tau - tau(c) )(m), where E is erosion rate, tau is shear stress, tau(c) is the threshold shear stress for erosion to occur, and m approximate to 7/4. This result contrasts with the commonly assumed linear erosion law E = k(d) (tau - tau(c)), where k(d) is a measure of how easily sediment is eroded. The data collapse prompts a re-examination of the way that results of the hole-erosion test (HET) and jet-erosion test (JET) are customarily analyzed, and also calls into question the meaningfulness not only of proposed empirical relationships between k(d) and tau(c), but also of the erodibility parameter k(d) itself. Fuller comparison of flume-erosion data with hole-erosion and jet-erosion data will require revised analyses of the HET and JET that drop the assumption m = 1 and, in the case of the JET, certain simplifying assumptions about the mechanics of jet scour. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers. C1 [Walder, Joseph S.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. RP Walder, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. EM jswalder@usgs.gov NR 61 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 18 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 EI 1943-7900 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD FEB PY 2016 VL 142 IS 2 AR 04015047 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)HY.1943-7900.0001068 PG 13 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA DB9EZ UT WOS:000368820500006 ER PT J AU Rashford, BS Adams, RM Wu, JJ Voldseth, RA Guntenspergen, GR Werner, B Johnson, WC AF Rashford, Benjamin S. Adams, Richard M. Wu, JunJie Voldseth, Richard A. Guntenspergen, Glenn R. Werner, Brett Johnson, W. Carter TI Impacts of climate change on land-use and wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America SO REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE LA English DT Article DE Climate change; Wetland modeling; Cover cycle; Hydroperiod; Land-use change ID GREAT-PLAINS; WATER LEVELS; VULNERABILITY; AGRICULTURE; DYNAMICS; POLICIES AB Wetland productivity in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of North America is closely linked to climate. A warmer and drier climate, as predicted, will negatively affect the productivity of PPR wetlands and the services they provide. The effect of climate change on wetland productivity, however, will not only depend on natural processes (e.g., evapotranspiration), but also on human responses. Agricultural land use, the predominant use in the PPR, is unlikely to remain static as climate change affects crop yields and prices. Land use in uplands surrounding wetlands will further affect wetland water budgets and hence wetland productivity. The net impact of climate change on wetland productivity will therefore depend on both the direct effects of climate change on wetlands and the indirect effects on upland land use. We examine the effect of climate change and land-use response on semipermanent wetland productivity by combining an economic model of agricultural land-use change with an ecological model of wetland dynamics. Our results suggest that the climate change scenarios evaluated are likely to have profound effects on land use in the North and South Dakota PPR, with wheat displacing other crops and pasture. The combined pressure of land-use and climate change significantly reduces wetland productivity. In a climate scenario with a +4 A degrees C increase in temperature, our model predicts that almost the entire region may lack the wetland productivity necessary to support wetland-dependent species. C1 [Rashford, Benjamin S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept 3354, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Adams, Richard M.; Wu, JunJie] Oregon State Univ, Dept Appl Econ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Voldseth, Richard A.] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Dept 7680, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd,Suite 4039, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Werner, Brett] Ctr Coll Danville, Environm Studies Program, Danville, KY 40422 USA. [Johnson, W. Carter] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Rashford, BS (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept 3354, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM brashfor@uwyo.edu; richard.adams@oregonstate.edu; junjie.wu@oregonstate.edu; richard.voldseth@ndsu.edu; glenn_guntenspergen@usgs.gov; brettwerner@gmail.com; Carter.Johnson@sdstate.edu OI Rashford, Benjamin/0000-0002-3003-6608 FU US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Science to Achieve Results Program [R833016]; US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Research and Development program FX This research was funded by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Science to Achieve Results Program (Grant Number R833016), and the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Research and Development program. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank Eric Cropper for assistance with data collection. NR 43 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 13 U2 37 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1436-3798 EI 1436-378X J9 REG ENVIRON CHANGE JI Reg. Envir. Chang. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 16 IS 2 SI SI BP 515 EP 526 DI 10.1007/s10113-015-0768-3 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DC1VK UT WOS:000369005400019 ER PT J AU Huang, SL Liu, HP Dahal, D Jin, SM Li, S Liu, SG AF Huang, Shengli Liu, Heping Dahal, Devendra Jin, Suming Li, Shuang Liu, Shuguang TI Spatial variations in immediate greenhouse gases and aerosol emissions and resulting radiative forcing from wildfires in interior Alaska SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSFORM INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; BOREAL FOREST-FIRES; SATELLITE IMAGES; CARBON; BIOMASS; CLIMATE; CONSUMPTION; IMPACTS; PLUMES; HCN AB Boreal fires can cool the climate; however, this conclusion came from individual fires and may not represent the whole story. We hypothesize that the climatic impact of boreal fires depends on local landscape heterogeneity such as burn severity, prefire vegetation type, and soil properties. To test this hypothesis, spatially explicit emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) and aerosols and their resulting radiative forcing are required as an important and necessary component towards a full assessment. In this study, we integrated remote sensing (Landsat and MODIS) and models (carbon consumption model, emission factors model, and radiative forcing model) to calculate the carbon consumption, GHGs and aerosol emissions, and their radiative forcing of 2001-2010 fires at 30 m resolution in the Yukon River Basin of Alaska. Total carbon consumption showed significant spatial variation, with a mean of 2,615 g C m(-2) and a standard deviation of 2,589 g C m(-2). The carbon consumption led to different amounts of GHGs and aerosol emissions, ranging from 593.26 Tg (CO2) to 0.16 Tg (N2O). When converted to equivalent CO2 based on global warming potential metric, the maximum 20 years equivalent CO2 was black carbon (713.77 Tg), and the lowest 20 years equivalent CO2 was organic carbon (-583.13 Tg). The resulting radiative forcing also showed significant spatial variation: CO2, CH4, and N2O can cause a 20-year mean radiative forcing of 7.41 W m(-2) with a standard deviation of 2.87 W m(-2). This emission forcing heterogeneity indicates that different boreal fires have different climatic impacts. When considering the spatial variation of other forcings, such as surface shortwave forcing, we may conclude that some boreal fires, especially boreal deciduous fires, can warm the climate. C1 [Huang, Shengli; Jin, Suming] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, ASRC Fed Inuteq, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Liu, Heping] Washington State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pullman, WA 99164 USA. [Dahal, Devendra] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol SGT Inc, USGS EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Li, Shuang] Calif State Univ Monterey Bay, Seaside, CA 93955 USA. [Liu, Shuguang] USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Liu, SG (reprint author), USGS EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM sliu@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Research and Development Program FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey Research and Development Program. The authors greatly thank Bettina Ohse for providing white spruce probability map, Dr. Lei Ji and Dr. Bruce Wylie for sharing the aboveground biomass data, Dr. Terry Tan for advice on soil carbon, Dr. Jeffery Eidenshink for internally reviewing the manuscript, and Mr. Thomas Adamson for revising the English. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 12 PU SPRINGER WIEN PI WIEN PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA SN 0177-798X EI 1434-4483 J9 THEOR APPL CLIMATOL JI Theor. Appl. Climatol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 123 IS 3-4 BP 581 EP 592 DI 10.1007/s00704-015-1379-0 PG 12 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DB7RR UT WOS:000368714100012 ER PT J AU Noda, S Yamamoto, S Ellsworth, WL AF Noda, Shunta Yamamoto, Shunroku Ellsworth, William L. TI Rapid Estimation of Earthquake Magnitude from the Arrival Time of the Peak High-Frequency Amplitude SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID M-W 9.0; TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE; PACIFIC COAST; SOURCE MODEL; DURATION; CALIFORNIA; OUTLINE; RECORD AB We propose a simple approach to measure earthquake magnitude M using the time difference (T-op) between the body-wave onset and the arrival time of the peak high-frequency amplitude in an accelerogram. Measured in this manner, we find that M-w is proportional to 2 log T-op for earthquakes 5 <= M-w <= 7, which is the theoretical proportionality if T-op is proportional to source dimension and stress drop is scale invariant. Using high-frequency (>2 Hz) data, the root mean square (rms) residual between M-w and M-Top (M estimated from T-op) is approximately 0.5 magnitude units. The rms residuals of the high-frequency data in passbands between 2 and 16 Hz are uniformly smaller than those obtained from the lower-frequency data. T-op depends weakly on epicentral distance, and this dependence can be ignored for distances <200 km. Retrospective application of this algorithm to the 2011 Tohoku earthquake produces a final magnitude estimate of M 9.0 at 120 s after the origin time. We conclude that T-op of high-frequency (>2 Hz) accelerograms has value in the context of earthquake early warning for extremely large events. C1 [Noda, Shunta; Ellsworth, William L.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,Mail Stop 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Noda, Shunta; Yamamoto, Shunroku] Railway Tech Res Inst, Ctr Railway Earthquake Engn Res, 2-8-38 Hikari Cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 1858540, Japan. RP Ellsworth, WL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,Mail Stop 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.; Noda, S; Yamamoto, S (reprint author), Railway Tech Res Inst, Ctr Railway Earthquake Engn Res, 2-8-38 Hikari Cho, Kokubunji, Tokyo 1858540, Japan. EM noda.shunta.59@rtri.or.jp; yamamoto.shunroku.11@rtri.or.jp; ellsworth@usgs.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 BP 232 EP 241 DI 10.1785/0120150108 PG 10 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DB5XW UT WOS:000368588200017 ER PT J AU Boore, DM AF Boore, David M. TI Determining Generic Velocity and Density Models for Crustal Amplification Calculations, with an Update of the Boore and Joyner (1997) Generic Site Amplification for (V)over-bar(S)(Z)=760 m/s SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID GROUND-MOTION; ROCK SITES AB This short note contains two contributions related to deriving depth-dependent velocity and density models for use in computing generic crustal amplifications. The first contribution is a method for interpolating two velocity profiles to obtain a third profile with a time-averaged velocity (V) over bar (Z) to depth Z that is equal to a specified value (e.g., for shear-wave velocity V-S, (V) over bar (S)(Z) = 760 m/s for Z = 30 m, in which the subscript S has been added to indicate that the average is for shear-wave velocities). The second contribution is a procedure for obtaining densities from V-S. The first contribution is used to extend and revise the Boore and Joyner (1997) generic rock V-S model, for which (V) over bar (S)(30 m) = 618 m/s, to a model with the more common (V) over bar (S)(30 m) = 760 m/s. This new model is then used with the densities from the second contribution to compute crustal amplifications for a generic site with (V) over bar (S)(30 m) = 760 m/s. C1 [Boore, David M.] US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Boore, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977,345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM boore@usgs.gov NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ALBANY PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA SN 0037-1106 EI 1943-3573 J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 106 IS 1 BP 316 EP 320 DI 10.1785/0120150229 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DB5XW UT WOS:000368588200025 ER PT J AU Geist, EL AF Geist, Eric L. TI Non-linear resonant coupling of tsunami edge waves using stochastic earthquake source models SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Non-linear differential equations; Probability distributions; Tsunamis; Earthquake source observations ID LOCAL TSUNAMIS; 3-WAVE INTERACTIONS; SOURCE PARAMETERS; GENERATION; SHELF; SLIP; DISTRIBUTIONS; PROPAGATION; EVOLUTION; RUPTURE AB Non-linear resonant coupling of edge waves can occur with tsunamis generated by large-magnitude subduction zone earthquakes. Earthquake rupture zones that straddle beneath the coastline of continental margins are particularly efficient at generating tsunami edge waves. Using a stochastic model for earthquake slip, it is shown that a wide range of edge-wave modes and wavenumbers can be excited, depending on the variability of slip. If two modes are present that satisfy resonance conditions, then a third mode can gradually increase in amplitude over time, even if the earthquake did not originally excite that edge-wave mode. These three edge waves form a resonant triad that can cause unexpected variations in tsunami amplitude long after the first arrival. An M similar to 9, 1100 km-long continental subduction zone earthquake is considered as a test case. For the least-variable slip examined involving a Gaussian random variable, the dominant resonant triad includes a high-amplitude fundamental mode wave with wavenumber associated with the along-strike dimension of rupture. The two other waves that make up this triad include subharmonic waves, one of fundamental mode and the other of mode 2 or 3. For the most variable slip examined involving a Cauchy-distributed random variable, the dominant triads involve higher wavenumbers and modes because subevents, rather than the overall rupture dimension, control the excitation of edge waves. Calculation of the resonant period for energy transfer determines which cases resonant coupling may be instrumentally observed. For low-mode triads, the maximum transfer of energy occurs approximately 20-30 wave periods after the first arrival and thus may be observed prior to the tsunami coda being completely attenuated. Therefore, under certain circumstances the necessary ingredients for resonant coupling of tsunami edge waves exist, indicating that resonant triads may be observable and implicated in late, large-amplitude tsunami arrivals. C1 [Geist, Eric L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Geist, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 999, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM egeist@usgs.gov NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 204 IS 2 BP 878 EP 891 DI 10.1093/gji/ggv489 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DB3QT UT WOS:000368427100016 ER PT J AU Kennedy, JR Ferre, TPA AF Kennedy, Jeffrey R. Ferre, Ty P. A. TI Accounting for time- and space-varying changes in the gravity field to improve the network adjustment of relative-gravity data SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Time variable gravity; Hydrogeophysics; Hydrology ID STORAGE CHANGE; GRAVIMETRY; RESERVOIR; ABSOLUTE; VOLCANO AB The relative gravimeter is the primary terrestrial instrument for measuring spatially and temporally varying gravitational fields. The background noise of the instrument-that is, non-linear drift and random tares-typically requires some form of least-squares network adjustment to integrate data collected during a campaign that may take several days to weeks. Here, we present an approach to remove the change in the observed relative-gravity differences caused by hydrologic or other transient processes during a single campaign, so that the adjusted gravity values can be referenced to a single epoch. The conceptual approach is an example of coupled hydrogeophysical inversion, by which a hydrologic model is used to inform and constrain the geophysical forward model. The hydrologic model simulates the spatial variation of the rate of change of gravity as either a linear function of distance from an infiltration source, or using a 3-D numerical groundwater model. The linear function can be included in and solved for as part of the network adjustment. Alternatively, the groundwater model is used to predict the change of gravity at each station through time, from which the accumulated gravity change is calculated and removed from the data prior to the network adjustment. Data from a field experiment conducted at an artificial-recharge facility are used to verify our approach. Maximum gravity change due to hydrology (observed using a superconducting gravimeter) during the relative-gravity field campaigns was up to 2.6 mu Gal d(-1), each campaign was between 4 and 6 d and one month elapsed between campaigns. The maximum absolute difference in the estimated gravity change between two campaigns, two months apart, using the standard network adjustment method and the new approach, was 5.5 mu Gal. The maximum gravity change between the same two campaigns was 148 mu Gal, and spatial variation in gravity change revealed zones of preferential infiltration and areas of relatively high groundwater storage. The accommodation for spatially varying gravity change would be most important for long-duration campaigns, campaigns with very rapid changes in gravity and (or) campaigns where especially precise observed relative-gravity differences are used in the network adjustment. C1 [Kennedy, Jeffrey R.] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Kennedy, Jeffrey R.; Ferre, Ty P. A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. RP Kennedy, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM jkennedy@usgs.gov FU NSF [EAR-1246619]; USGS Groundwater Resources Program; GFZ-Potsdam; GWR Instruments, Inc.; Micro-g Lacoste, Inc. FX Two anonymous reviewers provided insightful and effective comments. Benjamin Creutzfeldt and Andreas Guntner were critical in establishing the SAVSARP gravity project. Dan Winester, National Geodetic Survey, provided absolute-gravity measurements for calibrating the continuously recording gravimeters. GFZ-Potsdam, GWR Instruments, Inc. and Micro-g Lacoste, Inc. are gratefully acknowledged for providing instrumentation loans and project support. The project was supported by NSF grant EAR-1246619 and by the USGS Groundwater Resources Program. All data presented in the paper are available in the online repository ScienceBase at http://go.usa.gov/375Gm. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0956-540X EI 1365-246X J9 GEOPHYS J INT JI Geophys. J. Int. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 204 IS 2 BP 892 EP 906 DI 10.1093/gji/ggv493 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DB3QT UT WOS:000368427100017 ER PT J AU Kupryianchyk, D Hale, S Zimmerman, AR Harvey, O Rutherford, D Abiven, S Knicker, H Schmidt, HP Rumpel, C Cornelissen, G AF Kupryianchyk, Darya Hale, Sarah Zimmerman, Andrew R. Harvey, Omar Rutherford, David Abiven, Samuel Knicker, Heike Schmidt, Hans-Peter Rumpel, Cornelia Cornelissen, Gerard TI Sorption of hydrophobic organic compounds to a diverse suite of carbonaceous materials with emphasis on biochar SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Biochar; Sorption; Hydrophobic organic compounds; Remediation ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; DIFFERENT PYROLYTIC TEMPERATURES; ACTIVATED CARBONS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; MOLECULAR-STRUCTURE; BLACK CARBON; WOOD CHARS; ADSORPTION; SEDIMENTS; WATER AB Carbonaceous materials like biochars are increasingly recognized as effective sorbent materials for sequestering organic pollutants. Here, we study sorption behavior of two common hydrophobic organic contaminants 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB52) and phenanthrene (PHE), on biochars and other carbonaceous materials (CM) produced at a wide range of conditions and temperatures from various feedstocks. The primary aim was to establish structure-reactivity relationships responsible for the observed variation in CM and biochar sorption characteristics. CM were characterized for their elemental composition, surface area, pore size distribution, aromaticity and thermal stability. Freundlich sorption coefficients for CB52 and PHE (i.e. LogK(F,CB52) and K-F,K-PHE, respectively) to CM showed a variation of two to three orders of magnitude, with LogK(F,CB52) ranging from 5.12 +/- 0.38 to 8.01 +/- 0.18 and LogK(F,PHE) from 5.18 +/- 0.09 to 7.42 +/- 1.09. The highest LogK(F) values were observed for the activated CM, however, non-activated biochars produced at high temperatures (>700 degrees C) sorbed almost as strongly (within 0.2-0.5 Log units) as the activated ones. Sorption coefficients significantly increased with pyrolysis temperature, CM surface area and pore volume, aromaticity, and thermal stability, and decreased with H/C, O/C, (O + N)/C content. The results of our study contribute to the understanding of processes underlying HOC sorption to CM and explore the potential of CM as engineered sorbents for environmental applications. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kupryianchyk, Darya; Hale, Sarah; Cornelissen, Gerard] Norwegian Geotech Inst, Oslo, Norway. [Zimmerman, Andrew R.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL USA. [Harvey, Omar] Univ So Mississippi, Geog & Geol, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Rutherford, David] USGS, Denver, CO USA. [Abiven, Samuel] Univ Zurich, Dept Geog, Zurich, Switzerland. [Knicker, Heike] IRNAS CSIC, Seville, Spain. [Schmidt, Hans-Peter] Ithaka Inst, Arbaz, Switzerland. [Rumpel, Cornelia] CNRS, F-75700 Paris, France. [Cornelissen, Gerard] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Inst Environm Sci, As, Norway. [Cornelissen, Gerard] Stockholm Univ, Dept Appl Environm Sci, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. RP Cornelissen, G (reprint author), Norwegian Geotech Inst, Oslo, Norway. EM Gerard.Cornelissen@ngi.no RI Rumpel, Cornelia/A-2001-2015; OI Kupryianchyk, Darya/0000-0001-9454-214X; Zimmerman, Andrew/0000-0001-5137-4916; Abiven, Samuel/0000-0002-5663-0912 FU Norwegian Research Council [217918]; FriPro stipend; Eurochar project [FP7-ENV-478, 265179]; NGIs R&D Basic Funding Scheme FX We would like to thanks Irene Criscuoli and Christophe Naisse for contribution to elemental analysis of the biochar samples. Johannes Lehmann and Kelly Hanley (Cornell University) are thanked for providing PMW, DDM and FW biochars. Funding was provided by the Norwegian Research Council project 217918 "Biochar", a FriPro stipend to GC, the Eurochar project FP7-ENV-478 2010 ID-265179, as well as by NGIs R&D Basic Funding Scheme. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 19 U2 75 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 EI 1879-1298 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD FEB PY 2016 VL 144 BP 879 EP 887 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2015.09.055 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA4MQ UT WOS:000367774400111 PM 26421628 ER PT J AU Harrington, RA Poff, NL Kondratieff, BC AF Harrington, Rachel A. Poff, N. Leroy Kondratieff, Boris C. TI Aquatic insect -diversity is not dependent on elevation in Southern Rocky Mountain streams SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE elevational gradient; habitat connectivity; species turnover; stream tributaries; -diversity ID POPULATION GENETIC-STRUCTURE; COLORADO FRONT RANGE; FRESH-WATER FAUNA; BETA-DIVERSITY; HEADWATER STREAMS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES; LATITUDINAL GRADIENTS; PATTERNS; DISSIMILARITY AB 1. Relatively high -diversity among aquatic insect communities inhabiting high-elevation streams is most commonly presumed to result from increased dispersal limitation between isolated mountaintop islands'. However, these elevational patterns of -diversity have been predominately drawn from observed changes in community composition along single-thread channels, where the downstream increase in habitat size and hydrologic connectivity provides potential alternative explanations. 2. In this study, we applied an alternative conceptual tributary model' to ask whether patterns of aquatic insect -diversity in similar-sized, hydrologically disconnected streams showed a similar elevational gradient in diversity patterns as previously reported for conceptual mainstem model' studies. Aquatic insects were sampled from 24 low-order, montane streams that are tributaries to larger rivers in three adjacent catchments spanning c. 2000-3500m in elevation. We used relative abundance data to quantify two types of -diversity: (i) community turnover-, or the change in local diversity among adjacent streams along the elevational gradient within each catchment, and (ii) community variation-, or the change in local diversity among all streams within three elevation zones combined across catchments. 3. Our results provided evidence of no relationship between -diversity and elevation in aquatic insect communities in small montane streams. Community turnover- was found to be consistently high among sites within catchments and displayed no significant trend across the elevational gradient for any catchment. Community variation- showed a nonlinear response to elevation, with sites in the high-elevation and low-elevation zones having similarly high community variation- compared to sites in the mid-elevation zone. 4. Our tributary model' results provide the first evidence that -diversity among small, isolated streams can have similar turnover rates across broad elevational gradients. Our results also show similar patterns of -diversity among low- and high-elevation tributaries, suggesting that dispersal limitation is not restricted to high-elevation streams. C1 [Harrington, Rachel A.; Poff, N. Leroy] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Harrington, Rachel A.; Poff, N. Leroy; Kondratieff, Boris C.] Colorado State Univ, Grad Degree Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kondratieff, Boris C.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Harrington, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM rharrington@usgs.gov FU Dimensions of Biodiversity programme of the National Science Foundation [DEB-1046408, DEB-1045960, DEB-1045991]; Reed Fellowship - Biology Department at Colorado State University FX We thank Dr. Kayce Anderson for providing her support with project management and data organisation; Alisha Shah, Brian Gill, Monica Paez, David Martin, Carolina Gutierrez and Scott Morton for providing assistance with field work and sample processing; Dr. Matthew Pyne for GIS support; and Dr. Debra Finn for sharing insight and providing feedback of our work. We also thank colleagues Drs. Cameron Ghalambor, Chris Funk, Alex Flecker, Kelly Zamudio, Steve Thomas, Andrea Encalada and Juan Guayasamin for their contributions towards the conception of the EVOTRAC project. This work was supported by the Dimensions of Biodiversity programme of the National Science Foundation (Award numbers DEB-1046408, DEB-1045960, and DEB-1045991). RAH received additional support from the Reed Fellowship awarded by the Biology Department at Colorado State University. NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 10 U2 40 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0046-5070 EI 1365-2427 J9 FRESHWATER BIOL JI Freshw. Biol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 61 IS 2 BP 195 EP 205 DI 10.1111/fwb.12693 PG 11 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DA8DI UT WOS:000368034500002 ER PT J AU Kraus, JM Pomeranz, JF Todd, AS Walters, DM Schmidt, TS Wanty, RB AF Kraus, Johanna M. Pomeranz, Justin F. Todd, Andrew S. Walters, David M. Schmidt, Travis S. Wanty, Richard B. TI Aquatic pollution increases use of terrestrial prey subsidies by stream fish SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aquatic-terrestrial linkages; diet; food web; resource subsidies; terrestrial inputs; trace metal; trout ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; FOOD WEBS; HEAVY-METALS; MOUNTAIN STREAMS; HEADWATER STREAM; RAINBOW-TROUT; RESOURCE; COLORADO; INVERTEBRATES; ABUNDANCE AB Stream food webs are connected with their riparian zones through cross-ecosystem movements of energy and nutrients. The use and impact of terrestrial subsidies on aquatic consumers is determined in part by insitu biomass of aquatic prey. Thus, stressors such as aquatic pollutants that greatly reduce aquatic secondary production could increase the need for and reliance of stream consumers on terrestrial resource subsidies. To test this hypothesis, we surveyed stream fish, their diets and resource availability in 16 subalpine streams over a regional gradient of trace metals known to strongly impact aquatic insect communities (i.e. fish prey) in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, USA. Fish increased their reliance on terrestrial insect prey as stream metals increased. Relative biomass of terrestrial insects in stomach contents of Brook and Brown Trout increased with respect to aquatic insect biomass and total stomach contents. Drifting insect biomass showed a declining trend for aquatic, but not terrestrial insects, over the metal gradient. Trout densities were unrelated to metal concentrations in streams where we found fish.Synthesis and applications. Our results indicate that diets of aquatic consumers can become more terrestrial as aquatic stressors that limit insitu food production increase and that these subsidies may compensate for loss of aquatic resources. This work implies an important connection between preserving aquatic-terrestrial linkages and management of fish populations in stressed watersheds. Specifically, intact riparian zones and aquatic-terrestrial linkages are likely to be important for maintaining trout production in streams with moderate metal contamination. C1 [Kraus, Johanna M.; Todd, Andrew S.; Wanty, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr MS 964d, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Kraus, Johanna M.; Pomeranz, Justin F.; Walters, David M.; Schmidt, Travis S.] USGS, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Pomeranz, Justin F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Schmidt, Travis S.] USGS, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr MS 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Kraus, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr MS 964d, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM jkraus@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Research Fellowship; USGS Mineral Resources Program; USGS Contaminant Biology Program FX This work was funded by a U.S. Geological Survey Mendenhall Research Fellowship to JMK and the USGS Mineral Resources Program and Contaminant Biology Program. Peter Leipzig-Scott, Jeff Wesner and Adam Gerstenberger provided invaluable help in the field and with laboratory processing. Jeremy Monroe at Freshwaters Illustrated created the images used in Fig. 1. Kurt Fausch, Will Clements and Bob Zuellig provided logistical advice and support. Ruth Wolf provided chemical analyses. This research was subjected to USGS review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 11 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 53 IS 1 BP 44 EP 53 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12543 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA8WU UT WOS:000368088300007 ER PT J AU Coates, PS Casazza, ML Ricca, MA Brussee, BE Blomberg, EJ Gustafson, KB Overton, CT Davis, DM Niell, LE Espinosa, SP Gardner, SC Delehanty, DJ AF Coates, Peter S. Casazza, Michael L. Ricca, Mark A. Brussee, Brianne E. Blomberg, Erik J. Gustafson, K. Benjamin Overton, Cory T. Davis, Dawn M. Niell, Lara E. Espinosa, Shawn P. Gardner, Scott C. Delehanty, David J. TI Integrating spatially explicit indices of abundance and habitat quality: an applied example for greater sage-grouse management SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abundance; Centrocercus urophasianus; conservation planning; Great Basin; habitat selection index; lek; map; resource selection function; sagebrush steppe; species distribution modelling ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; DISTRIBUTION MODELS; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; LEKS IMPLICATIONS; RANGE; RADIOTELEMETRY; SCALES AB Predictive species distributional models are a cornerstone of wildlife conservation planning. Constructing such models requires robust underpinning science that integrates formerly disparate data types to achieve effective species management. Greater sage-grouse Centrocercus urophasianus, hereafter sage-grouse' populations are declining throughout sagebrush-steppe ecosystems in North America, particularly within the Great Basin, which heightens the need for novel management tools that maximize the use of available information. Herein, we improve upon existing species distribution models by combining information about sage-grouse habitat quality, distribution and abundance from multiple data sources. To measure habitat, we created spatially explicit maps depicting habitat selection indices (HSI) informed by >35500 independent telemetry locations from >1600 sage-grouse collected over 15years across much of the Great Basin. These indices were derived from models that accounted for selection at different spatial scales and seasons. A region-wide HSI was calculated using the HSI surfaces modelled for 12 independent subregions and then demarcated into distinct habitat quality classes. We also employed a novel index to describe landscape patterns of sage-grouse abundance and space use (AUI). The AUI is a probabilistic composite of the following: (i) breeding density patterns based on the spatial configuration of breeding leks and associated trends in male attendance; and (ii) year-round patterns of space use indexed by the decreasing probability of use with increasing distance to leks. The continuous AUI surface was then reclassified into two classes representing high and low/no use and abundance.Synthesis and applications. Using the example of sage-grouse, we demonstrate how the joint application of indices of habitat selection, abundance and space use derived from multiple data sources yields a composite map that can guide effective allocation of management intensity across multiple spatial scales. As applied to sage-grouse, the composite map identifies spatially explicit management categories within sagebrush steppe that are most critical to sustaining sage-grouse populations as well as those areas where changes in land use would likely have minimal impact. Importantly, collaborative efforts among stakeholders guide which intersections of habitat selection indices and abundance and space use classes are used to define management categories. Because sage-grouse are an umbrella species, our joint-index modelling approach can help target effective conservation for other sagebrush obligate species and can be readily applied to species in other ecosystems with similar life histories, such as central-placed breeding. C1 [Coates, Peter S.; Casazza, Michael L.; Ricca, Mark A.; Brussee, Brianne E.; Gustafson, K. Benjamin; Overton, Cory T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. [Blomberg, Erik J.] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Davis, Dawn M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Niell, Lara E.] Nevada Sagebrush Ecosyst Program, Carson City, NV 89701 USA. [Niell, Lara E.; Espinosa, Shawn P.] Nevada Dept Wildlife, Reno, NV 89512 USA. [Gardner, Scott C.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Delehanty, David J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83209 USA. RP Coates, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. EM pcoates@usgs.gov OI casazza, Mike/0000-0002-5636-735X FU State of Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Program; USGS-WERC; NDOW; CDFW; BLM FX We thank the countless biologists and technicians who captured and tracked radiomarked sage-grouse, especially M. Atamian, D. Gibson (University of Nevada Reno); Z. Lockyer, J. Dudko, S. Matthews (Idaho State University); B. Prochazka (University of California, Davis); K. Andrle, T. Tam, T. Allen, G. Popham, R. Gutierrez and J. Ragni (USGS Western Ecological Research Center). Critical GIS and administrative support was expertly provided by L. Parker, W. Perry, E. Sanchez-Chioptea, T. Kroger and K. Mauch (USGS-WERC). We thank C. Hunt (Nevada State Governor's Office), T. Rubald, J. Copeland, M. Faigeles, K. McGowan (Nevada State Sagebrush Ecosystem Technical Team) and all members of the Sagebrush Ecosystem Council. J. Tull (Nevada Department of Wildlife), B. Halstead, K. Howe, T. Kimball, K. Miles and J. Yee (USGS-WERC) provided constructive comments on previous draft reports. We thank S. Abele (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service), R. Mazur (U.S. Forest Service), S. Brewer, P. Zieglar [Bureau of Land Management (BLM)] and J. Sedinger (UNR) who served as part of an expert review team that periodically provided feedback on this project. We thank Ormat Technologies, LS Power and Midway Gold for data contributions. This work was funded by the State of Nevada Sagebrush Ecosystem Program and represents a collaborative effort between USGS-WERC, NDOW, CDFW and BLM. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author (s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 7 U2 42 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 53 IS 1 BP 83 EP 95 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12558 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA8WU UT WOS:000368088300011 ER PT J AU Thompson, SJ Arnold, TW Fieberg, J Granfors, DA Vacek, S Palaia, N AF Thompson, Sarah J. Arnold, Todd W. Fieberg, John Granfors, Diane A. Vacek, Sara Palaia, Nick TI Grassland birds demonstrate delayed response to large-scale tree removal in central North America SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE before-after control-impact; bobolink; generalized estimating equations; grassland birds; habitat restoration; tree removal; woody vegetation ID AKAIKES INFORMATION CRITERION; PRAIRIE BIRDS; HABITAT; CONSERVATION; VEGETATION; LANDSCAPE; ECOLOGY; WOODLANDS; ABUNDANCE; SELECTION AB Maintenance of early successional and open habitats often requires active removal of encroaching vegetation. In many cases, fire or other historically applied methods can no longer maintain or create open or early-successional habitat. In these situations, managers must employ mechanical or chemical treatments to control vegetation and improve habitat quality for wildlife that depend on open habitats. We conducted a large-scale study of tree removal from 2005 to 2011 on 14 grassland sites in central North America. Beginning in the autumn of 2005, shrubs, scattered trees, shelterbelts and woodlots were removed from six of fourteen study sites with cutting and burning treatments. Trees and shrubs accounted for 7-21% of pre-treatment ground cover. We conducted vegetation and bird surveys on each site for oneyear before and sixyears after initiating tree removal treatments. Treatments effectively removed larger woody vegetation (>6m in height), but effects of shrub removal were less consistent due to rapid regrowth. Tree removal sites also experienced reductions in grassy litter as a result of prescribed fires that were used to discourage shrub and tree regrowth. On untreated sites, abundance of all grassland birds declined throughout the study, on average declining by 62%. On tree removal sites, we estimated that grassland bird abundance dropped from 204 (birds per count) before treatment to a low of 090 in the second year after initiating treatments, but recovered in the final threeyears of study with a weak, but significant positive response sixyears after initiating treatment, with an estimated 142 birds per count. Waterfowl and wetland birds increased following tree removal, whereas woodland birds, particularly those that nest in cavities, declined on treated sites.Synthesis and applications. Tree removal did appear to improve habitat suitability for grassland birds, but a positive response was weak and delayed, and treatments caused short-term habitat disturbances that significantly reduced abundance of target species. When planning large-scale tree removal, it may be beneficial to allow undisturbed habitat in the surrounding landscape to ameliorate potential short-term displacement of wildlife in early phases of treatment. In addition, managers should expect site recovery to require repeated treatments over multiple years. C1 [Thompson, Sarah J.; Arnold, Todd W.; Fieberg, John] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Granfors, Diane A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Vacek, Sara] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Morris Wetland Management Dist, Morris, MN USA. [Palaia, Nick] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Litchfield Wetland Management Dist, Litchfield, MN USA. RP Thompson, SJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. EM thom1253@umn.edu OI Thompson, Sarah/0000-0002-5733-8198 FU National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Prairie Pothole Joint Venture; Delta Waterfowl Foundation; Ducks Unlimited through the Futch Graduate Fellowship; Dayton-Wilkie Fund of the Bell Museum of Natural History FX Funding for this study was provided by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Prairie Pothole Joint Venture, Delta Waterfowl Foundation, Ducks Unlimited through the Futch Graduate Fellowship, and the Dayton-Wilkie Fund of the Bell Museum of Natural History. We appreciate the hard work of field technicians R. Frederickson, B. Haglund, D. Oglesby, J. Schmidt, and D. Skadsen. We thank the associate editor and 3 anonymous reviewers for comments. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0021-8901 EI 1365-2664 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 53 IS 1 BP 284 EP 294 DI 10.1111/1365-2664.12554 PG 11 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA8WU UT WOS:000368088300031 ER PT J AU Tonione, MA Fisher, RN Zhu, C Moritz, C AF Tonione, Maria A. Fisher, Robert N. Zhu, Catherine Moritz, Craig TI Deep divergence and structure in the Tropical Oceanic Pacific: a multilocus phylogeography of a widespread gekkonid lizard (Squamata: Gekkonidae: Gehyra oceanica) SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE cytochrome c oxidase; Gehyra; island biogeography; island evolution; Melanesia; Micronesia; Pacific biogeography; Polynesia; SNPs; Tropical Oceanic Pacific ID BAYESIAN SPECIES DELIMITATION; HAPLOTYPE RECONSTRUCTION; PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GECKOS HEMIDACTYLUS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MARIANA ISLANDS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; EVOLUTIONARY AB Aim The islands of the Tropical Oceanic Pacific (TOP) host both local radiations and widespread, colonizing species. The few phylogeographical analyses of widespread species often point to recent human-aided expansions through the Pacific, suggesting that the communities are recently assembled. Here we apply multilocus data to infer biogeographical history of the gekkonid lizard, Gehyra oceanica, which is widespread, but for which prior analyses suggested a pre-human history and in situ diversification. Location Tropical Oceanic Pacific. Methods We generated a data set including mtDNA and diagnostic SNPs for 173 individuals of G. oceanica spanning Micronesia, Melanesia, and Polynesia. For a subset of these individuals, we also sequenced nuclear loci. From these data, we performed maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference to reveal major clades. We also performed Bayesian clustering analyses and coalescence-based species delimitation tests to infer the number of species in this area. Results We found evidence for six independent evolutionary lineages (candidate species) within G. oceanica that diverged between the Pliocene and the early Pleistocene, with high diversity through northern Melanesia, and pairing of northern Melanesian endemic taxa with widespread lineages across Micronesia and Polynesia. Main conclusions The islands of northern Melanesia not only have unrecognized diversity, but also were the source of independent expansions of lineages through the more remote northern and eastern Pacific. These results highlight the very different evolutionary histories of island faunas on remote archipelagos versus those across Melanesia and point to the need for more intensive studies of fauna within Melanesia if we are to understand the evolution of diversity across the tropical Pacific. C1 [Tonione, Maria A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. [Zhu, Catherine] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. [Moritz, Craig] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Acton, ACT 0200, Australia. [Moritz, Craig] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Tonione, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM riatoni@berkeley.edu RI Moritz, Craig/A-7755-2012 FU Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Program; Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund; International Iguana Foundation; Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme FX We thank Michelle Koo for help producing the map, Winifred Tonione, Charles Moritz, Natalie Reeder, and Steven Stones-Havas for assistance in the field. We thank Mike Fay, Jon Richmond, Rafe Brown, Fred Kraus, and George Zug for fresh samples from key sampling gaps, Rayna Bell for help with molecular phylogenetic dating analyses, members of the Moritz lab and members of the Gump Station, especially Neil Davies and Chris Meyer for assistance in Moorea. RNFs fieldwork in Vanuatu and Fiji was supported in part by the Smithsonian Scholarly Studies Program funding to George R. Zug (NMNH), the Critical Ecosystems Partnership Fund, the International Iguana Foundation and the Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme. Three anonymous referees and Paul Oliver provided a welcome and useful critique of the manuscript. We thank our funders; the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the Australia Research Council. The use of trade, product or firm names in this publication does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 78 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0305-0270 EI 1365-2699 J9 J BIOGEOGR JI J. Biogeogr. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 43 IS 2 BP 268 EP 278 DI 10.1111/jbi.12645 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA DB1LZ UT WOS:000368271000005 ER PT J AU Ewing, R Hamidi, S Grace, JB AF Ewing, Reid Hamidi, Shima Grace, James B. TI Urban sprawl as a risk factor in motor vehicle crashes SO URBAN STUDIES LA English DT Article DE pedestrian fatalities; traffic fatalities; urban sprawl ID ACCIDENT PREDICTION MODELS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; BUILT ENVIRONMENT; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; TRAFFIC SAFETY; AIR-QUALITY; HEALTH; OBESITY; US AB A decade ago, compactness/sprawl indices were developed for metropolitan areas and counties which have been widely used in health and other research. In this study, we first update the original county index to 2010, then develop a refined index that accounts for more relevant factors, and finally seek to test the relationship between sprawl and traffic crash rates using structural equation modelling. Controlling for covariates, we find that sprawl is associated with significantly higher direct and indirect effects on fatal crash rates. The direct effect is likely due to the higher traffic speeds in sprawling areas, and the indirect effect is due to greater vehicle miles driven in such areas. Conversely, sprawl has negative direct relationships with total crashes and non-fatal injury crashes, and these offset (and sometimes overwhelm) the positive indirect effects of sprawl on both types of crashes through the mediating effect of increased vehicle miles driven. The most likely explanation is the greater prevalence of fender benders and other minor accidents in the low speed, high conflict traffic environments of compact areas, negating the lower vehicle miles travelled per capita in such areas. C1 [Ewing, Reid; Hamidi, Shima] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Gainesville, FL USA. RP Ewing, R (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept City & Metropolitan Planning, 375 S 1530 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM ewing@arch.utah.edu FU National Institutes of Health; Ford Foundation; USGS Climate & Land Use and Ecosystems Programs FX Funding was received from the National Institutes of Health and the Ford Foundation. JBG supported by USGS Climate & Land Use and Ecosystems Programs. NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0042-0980 EI 1360-063X J9 URBAN STUD JI Urban Stud. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 53 IS 2 BP 247 EP 266 DI 10.1177/0042098014562331 PG 20 WC Environmental Studies; Urban Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Urban Studies GA DA8DC UT WOS:000368033800002 ER PT J AU Bayse, SM Rillahan, CB Jones, NF Balzano, V He, P AF Bayse, Shannon M. Rillahan, Chris B. Jones, Natalie F. Balzano, Vincent He, Pingguo TI Evaluating a large-mesh belly window to reduce bycatch in silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis) trawls SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Silver hake trawl; Merluccius bilinearis; whiting; bycatch reduction devices; fish behavior; underwater observation ID FLATFISH BEHAVIOR; LIGHT; GEAR; FISH AB Small-mesh trawls targeting silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis) in Northeastern USA are managed as exemptions to the northeast multispecies management plan. These exemptions require that the catch of regulated groundfish species is less than 5% of the total catch weight for small-mesh gears targeting silver hake. At present, only a raised footrope trawl (RFT) or drop-chain-only trawl (DOT) (in New England, it is specifically called "sweepless trawl") in conjunction with a Nordmore-style grid can be used to land silver hake with small mesh off the coast of Maine. The historical Maine silver hake fishing grounds have a very rugged bathymetry that makes the use of these modified groundgears difficult, if not impossible. This study tested a trawl with and without a large-mesh belly window (LMBW) using a traditional rockhopper footrope for 58 tows and reduced the bycatch of red hake (Urophycis chuss) and aggregated bycatch. There was no significant difference in the predicted mean catch of silver hake between trawls (although the LMBW trawl had a 13.50% reduction). Additionally, there was no difference in catch for commercial-size silver hake (>20 cm) between the two trawls. Both video and length analysis determined that small silver hake were caught less frequently by the LMBW trawl. These results indicate that a small-mesh trawl employing a LMBW can effectively be used to commercially target silver hake off Maine (USA), replace the requirement of a RFT or DOT, and maintain the less than 5% regulated groundfish requirement. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bayse, Shannon M.; Rillahan, Chris B.; Jones, Natalie F.; He, Pingguo] Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth, Sch Marine Sci & Technol, New Bedford, MA 02744 USA. [Balzano, Vincent] FV North Star, Saco, ME 04072 USA. RP Bayse, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. EM sbayse@umassd.edu FU NOAA Fisheries Northeast Cooperative Research Partners Program through the University of New Hampshire [10-064] FX This project was funded by the NOAA Fisheries Northeast Cooperative Research Partners Program, Award Number 10-064 through the University of New Hampshire. The authors wish to thank the crew of F/V North Star for at-sea assistance, Dr. Steve Cadrin and Dr. Paul Winger for their helpful comments, Mr. Henry Milliken for technical advice, and Dr. Saang-Yoon Hyun for reviewing the manuscript and advising on statistical procedures. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 174 BP 1 EP 9 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.08.022 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DA3LU UT WOS:000367700000001 ER PT J AU Bayse, SM Herrmann, B Lenoir, H Depestele, J Polet, H Vanderperren, E Verschueren, B AF Bayse, Shannon M. Herrmann, Bent Lenoir, Heleen Depestele, Jochen Polet, Hans Vanderperren, Els Verschueren, Bart TI Could a T90 mesh codend improve selectivity in the Belgian beam trawl fishery? SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Belgium; North Sea; Beam trawl; Codend selectivity; T90 ID BETWEEN-HAUL VARIATION; SIZE SELECTION; CATCH; SEA; STANDARD; DIAMOND; NUMBER; PANELS; PLAICE; MODEL AB In an effort to improve the selectivity of beam trawls in the Belgian flatfish fishery, codend size selectivity of three flatfish and two roundfish species were compared testing 80 mm diamond-shaped mesh (TO) versus 80 mm mesh turned 90 degrees (T90) using the covered codend method. Eight models were considered to describe the size selective performance of the TO and T90 codends for each species; four traditional models, along with four models that considered contact probability (the fraction of fish that will not make proper contact with the codend meshes for size-dependent escape). Fifteen hauls were completed in the North Sea, fishing both codends simultaneously. The results demonstrated that the T90 codend significantly increased size selectivity for the two roundfish species investigated, whiting (Merlangius merlangus) and pouting (Trisopterus luscus), and significantly decreased size selectivity of the three flatfish species, sole (Solea solea), plaice (Pleuronectes platessa), and dab (Limanda limanda). Selection range (SR) values were similar for both roundfish species with each codend, but were significantly reduced for all flatfish species by the T90 codend. Models that considered contact probability provided the best model for four of the species with T90 (pouting, sole, plaice, and dab), and one species with TO (sole). Lack of adequate contact with the T90 meshes could be a result of the combined effects of increased flow through the T90 codend due to 190 meshes remaining more open than TO meshes during towing, and the relative high towing speeds of beam trawls. This study concludes that although a T90 codend reduces the size selectivity of flatfish, the lower SR of the T90 codend could be paired with a larger T90 codend mesh size for improved flatfish selectivity, and that a T90 mesh codend increases the size selectivity for commonly encountered roundfish in the Belgian beam trawl fishery. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bayse, Shannon M.; Lenoir, Heleen; Depestele, Jochen; Polet, Hans; Vanderperren, Els; Verschueren, Bart] Inst Agr & Fisheries Res ILVO, Anim Sci Unit Fisheries, B-8400 Oostende, Belgium. [Herrmann, Bent] SINTEF Fisheries & Aquaculture, Fishing Gear Technol, DK-9850 Hirtshals, Denmark. [Herrmann, Bent] Arctic Univ Norway, UiT, N-9037 Tromso, Norway. RP Bayse, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, POB 796,One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. EM sbayse@umassd.edu NR 34 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 174 BP 201 EP 209 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.10.012 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DA3LU UT WOS:000367700000022 ER PT J AU Bradbury, IR Hamilton, LC Chaput, G Robertson, MJ Goraguer, H Walsh, A Morris, V Reddin, D Dempson, JB Sheehan, TF King, T Bernatchez, L AF Bradbury, Ian R. Hamilton, Lorraine C. Chaput, Gerald Robertson, Martha J. Goraguer, Herle Walsh, Arthur Morris, Vicki Reddin, David Dempson, J. Brian Sheehan, Timothy F. King, Timothy Bernatchez, Louis TI Genetic mixed stock analysis of an interceptory Atlantic salmon fishery in the Northwest Atlantic SO FISHERIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mixed-stock analysis; Genetic assignment; Atlantic salmon; Genetic structure; Microsatellites ID SALAR L.; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MICROSATELLITE DNA; WEST GREENLAND; TAG RECOVERIES; ST-LAWRENCE; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; MIGRATION; PATTERNS AB Interceptory fisheries represent an ongoing threat to migratory fish stocks particularly when managed in the absence of stock specific catch and exploitation information. Atlantic salmon from the southern portion of the North American range may be subject to exploitation in the commercial and recreational salmon fisheries occurring in the French territorial waters surrounding St. Pierre and Miquelon off southern Newfoundland. We evaluated stock composition of Atlantic salmon harvested in the St. Pierre and Miquelon Atlantic salmon fishery using genetic mixture analysis and individual assignment with a microsatellite baseline (15 loci, 12,409 individuals, 12 regional groups) encompassing the species western Atlantic range. Individual salmon were sampled from the St. Pierre and Miquelon fishery over four years (2004, 2011, 2013, and 2014). Biological characteristics indicate significant variation among years in the size and age distribution. Nonetheless, estimates of stock composition of the samples showed consistent dominance of three regions (i.e., Southern Gulf of St. Lawrence, Gaspe Peninsula, and Newfoundland). Together salmon from these regions accounted for more than 70% of annual harvest over the decade examined. Comparison of individual assignments and biological characteristics revealed a trend of declining fresh water age with latitude of assigned region. Moreover, locally harvested Newfoundland salmon were ten times more likely to be small or one sea winter individuals whereas Quebec and Gaspe Peninsula salmon were two-three times more likely to be harvested as large or two sea winter salmon. Estimates of region specific catch were highest for salmon from the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence region ranging from 242 to 887 individuals annually. This work illustrates how genetic analysis of interceptory marine fisheries can directly inform assessment and management efforts in highly migratory marine species. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bradbury, Ian R.; Robertson, Martha J.; Walsh, Arthur; Morris, Vicki; Reddin, David; Dempson, J. Brian] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Branch, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada. [Hamilton, Lorraine C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Halifax, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada. [Chaput, Gerald] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ctr Sci Advice, Moncton, NB E1C 9B6, Canada. [Goraguer, Herle] IFREMER, St Pierre, France. [Goraguer, Herle] IFREMER, Miquelon, France. [Sheehan, Timothy F.] NOAA Fisheries Serv, NE Fisheries Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [King, Timothy] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Bernatchez, Louis] Univ Laval, IBIS, Dept Biol, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada. RP Bradbury, IR (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Branch, 80 East White Hills Rd, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada. EM ibradbur@me.com FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC); International Governance Strategy funding FX All fishery samples were collected with the assistance of IFreMR. Funding for fishery sample analysis was provided by the Genomics Research and Development Initiative and the International Governance Strategy of Fisheries and Oceans Canada. The baseline used here was partially funded by a Strategic Project Grant from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) led by L. Bernatchez, Genomics Research and Fisheries and Oceans Canada Development Initiative, and International Governance Strategy funding to I. Bradbury. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-7836 EI 1872-6763 J9 FISH RES JI Fish Res. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 174 BP 234 EP 244 DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2015.10.009 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DA3LU UT WOS:000367700000025 ER PT J AU Li, D Erickson, RA Tang, S Zhang, Y Niu, ZC Liu, HL Yu, HX AF Li, Di Erickson, Richard A. Tang, Song Zhang, Yong Niu, Zhichun Liu, Hongling Yu, Hongxia TI Structure and spatial patterns of macrobenthic community in Tai Lake, a large shallow lake, China SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Cluster analysis; Diversity; Eutrophication; Macrobenthos; Microcystin ID BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY; FRESH-WATER ECOSYSTEMS; HUMAN HEALTH-RISK; MICROCYSTIN-LR; MARINE BIODIVERSITY; EUTROPHIC LAKE; ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; ECOLOGICAL STATUS; BIOTIC INDEXES AB Tai Lake (Chinese: Taihu), the third-largest freshwater lake in China, suffers from harmful cyanobacteria blooms that are caused by economic development and population growth near the lake. Several studies have focused on phytoplankton in Tai Lake after a drinking water crisis in 2007; however, these studies primarily focused on microcystin bioaccumulation and toxicity to individual species without examining the effects of microcystin on macrobenthic community diversity. In this study, we conducted a survey of the lake to examine the effects of microcystine and other pollutants on marcobenthic community diversity. A totally of forty-nine species of macroinvertebrates were found in Tai Lake. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri and Corbicula fluminea were the most abundant species. Cluster-analysis and one-way analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) identified three significantly different macrobenthic communities among the sample sites. More specifically, sites in the eastern bays, where aquatic macrophytes were abundant, had the highest diversity of macrobenthic communities, which were dominated by Bellamya aeruginosa, Bellamya purificata, L. hoffmeisteri, and Alocinma longicornis. Sites in Zhushan Bay contained relatively diverse communities, mainly composed of L. hoffmeisteri, C fluminea, L. claparederanus, R. sinicus, and Cythura sp. Sites in the western region, Meiliang Bay and Wuli Bay had the lowest diversity, mainly composed of L hoffmeisteri, C. fluminea, Branchiura sowerbyi, and Rhyacodrilus sinicus. In addition, the relationships between macrobenthic metrics (Shannon-Wiener, Margalef, and Pielou) and environmental variables showed that community structure and spatial patterns of macrobenthos in Tai Lake were significantly influenced by chemical oxygen demand (CODCr), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), lead (Pb), and microcystin-LR (L for leucine and R for arginine). Our findings provide critical information that could help managers and policymakers assess and modify ecological restoration practices. (C) 2015 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Li, Di; Liu, Hongling; Yu, Hongxia] Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, State Key Lab Pollut Control & Resource Reuse, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Li, Di; Zhang, Yong; Niu, Zhichun] Jiangsu Environm Monitoring Ctr, Nanjing 210036, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Erickson, Richard A.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Tang, Song] Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada. RP Yu, HX (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Sch Environm, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM yuhx@nju.edu.cn OI Erickson, Richard/0000-0003-4649-482X FU National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment [2012ZX07506-003] FX The authors would like to thank Suzhou Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center and Wuxi Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center. This work was financially supported by the National Major Science and Technology Program for Water Pollution Control and Treatment (2012ZX07506-003). NR 108 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 73 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 61 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.08.043 PN 2 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ9IL UT WOS:000367411200004 ER PT J AU Mogollon, B Villamagna, AM Frimpong, EA Angermeier, PL AF Mogollon, Beatriz Villamagna, Amy M. Frimpong, Emmanuel A. Angermeier, Paul L. TI Mapping technological and biophysical capacities of watersheds to regulate floods SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Ecosystem services; Flood duration and magnitude; Flood regulation; Mapping; Technological replacement ID LAND-USE CHANGE; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; STORMWATER MANAGEMENT; CURVE NUMBER; U.S. CITIES; LOW FLOWS; IMPACT; COVER AB Flood regulation is a widely valued and studied service provided by watersheds. Flood regulation benefits people directly by decreasing the socio-economic costs of flooding and indirectly by its positive impacts on cultural (e.g., fishing) and provisioning (e.g., water supply) ecosystem services. Like other regulating ecosystem services (e.g., pollination, water purification), flood regulation is often enhanced or replaced by technology, but the relative efficacy of natural versus technological features in controlling floods has scarcely been examined. In an effort to assess flood regulation capacity for selected urban watersheds in the southeastern United States, we: (1) used long-term flood records to assess relative influence of technological and biophysical indicators on flood magnitude and duration, (2) compared the widely used runoff curve number (RCN) approach for assessing the biophysical capacity to regulate floods to an alternative approach that acknowledges land cover and soil properties separately, and (3) mapped technological and biophysical flood regulation capacities based on indicator importance-values derived for flood magnitude and duration. We found that watersheds with high biophysical (via the alternative approach) and technological capacities lengthened the duration and lowered the peak of floods. We found the RCN approach yielded results opposite that expected, possibly because it confounds soil and land cover processes, particularly in urban landscapes, while our alternative approach coherently separates these processes. Mapping biophysical (via the alternative approach) and technological capacities revealed great differences among watersheds. Our study improves on previous mapping of flood regulation by (1) incorporating technological capacity, (2) providing high spatial resolution (i.e., 10-m pixel) maps of watershed capacities, and (3) deriving importance-values for selected landscape indicators. By accounting for technology that enhances or replaces natural flood regulation, our approach enables watershed managers to make more informed choices in their flood-control investments. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mogollon, Beatriz] USFS, Low Carbon Resilient Dev Program, USAID, Bogota, Colombia. [Villamagna, Amy M.] Plymouth State Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Plymouth, NH 03264 USA. [Mogollon, Beatriz; Frimpong, Emmanuel A.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Tech, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Mogollon, B (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM mogollon@vt.edu; amvillamagna@plymouth.edu; frimp@vt.edu; biota@vt.edu FU Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at Virginia Tech; Virginia Water Resources Research Center; Virginia Lakes and Watersheds Association; Philanthropic Educational Organization; Department of Defense's Environmental Security Technology Certification Program; U.S. Geological Survey's National Aquatic Gap Analysis Program; U.S. Geological Survey; Virginia Polytechnic Institute; State University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank the Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at Virginia Tech, the Virginia Water Resources Research Center, the Virginia Lakes and Watersheds Association, the Philanthropic Educational Organization, the Department of Defense's Environmental Security Technology Certification Program and the U.S. Geological Survey's National Aquatic Gap Analysis Program for funding and support. We thank G. Anderson for his assistance in writing R code to speed the data analysis process and many county officers for help in compiling the BMP information. We thank J. Argentina, K. Stephenson, G. Moglen, and three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments on the manuscript. The Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, and Wildlife Management Institute. Use of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 112 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 61 BP 483 EP 499 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.09.049 PN 2 PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ9IL UT WOS:000367411200034 ER PT J AU Stanton, JC Semmens, BX McKann, PC Will, T Thogmartin, WE AF Stanton, Jessica C. Semmens, Brice X. McKann, Patrick C. Will, Tom Thogmartin, Wayne E. TI Flexible risk metrics for identifying and monitoring conservation-priority species SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS LA English DT Article DE Conservation planning; Monitoring; Multivariate autoregressive state-space models; North American Breeding Bird Survey; Species of conservation concern; Species prioritization ID EXTINCTION RISK; TIME-SERIES; DECLINING POPULATIONS; VARIABILITY; BIODIVERSITY; PARAMETERS; HABITAT; MODELS; GROWTH; ERRORS AB Region-specific conservation programs should have objective, reliable metrics for species prioritization and progress evaluation that are customizable to the goals of a program, easy to comprehend and communicate, and standardized across time. Regional programs may have vastly different goals, spatial coverage, or management agendas, and one-size-fits-all schemes may not always be the best approach. We propose a quantitative and objective framework for generating metrics for prioritizing species that is straightforward to implement and update, customizable to different spatial resolutions, and based on readily available time-series data. This framework is also well-suited to handling missing-data and observer error. We demonstrate this approach using North American Breeding Bird Survey (NABBS) data to identify conservation priority species from a list of over 300 landbirds across 33 bird conservation regions (BCRs). To highlight the flexibility of the framework for different management goals and timeframes we calculate two different metrics. The first identifies species that may be inadequately monitored by NABBS protocols in the near future (TMT, time to monitoring threshold), and the other identifies species likely to decline significantly in the near future based on recent trends (TPD, time to percent decline). Within the individual BCRs we found up to 45% (mean 28%) of the species analyzed had overall declining population trajectories, which could result in up to 37 species declining below a minimum NABBS monitoring threshold in at least one currently occupied BCR within the next 50 years. Additionally, up to 26% (mean 8%) of the species analyzed within the individual BCRs may decline by 30% within the next decade. Conservation workers interested in conserving avian diversity and abundance within these BCRs can use these metrics to plan alternative monitoring schemes or highlight the urgency of those populations experiencing the fastest declines. However, this framework is adaptable to many taxa besides birds where abundance time-series data are available. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Stanton, Jessica C.; McKann, Patrick C.; Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Semmens, Brice X.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Will, Tom] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, Midwest Reg Off, Bloomington, MN USA. RP Thogmartin, WE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM wthogmartin@usgs.gov RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008 OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279 FU U.S. Geological Survey FX Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey. We thank the many dedicated volunteers who collect data for the North American Breeding Bird Survey. The manuscript was greatly improved by the suggestions and helpful insights of B.R. Gray, K.J. Aagaard, P.J. Blancher, T.D. Rich, K.V. Rosenberg, J.R. Sauer, and three anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, product, or firm names are for descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 59 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1470-160X EI 1872-7034 J9 ECOL INDIC JI Ecol. Indic. PD FEB PY 2016 VL 61 BP 683 EP 692 DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2015.10.020 PN 2 PG 10 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CZ9IL UT WOS:000367411200051 ER PT J AU Magoulick, DD Piercey, GL AF Magoulick, Daniel D. Piercey, Glenn L. TI Trophic overlap between native and invasive stream crayfish SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Orconectes eupunctus; Orconectes neglectus; Food webs; Diet; Energy and nutrient sources; Invasive species; Temporal variation ID SPRING RIVER DRAINAGE; NORTH-TEMPERATE LAKE; ORCONECTES-RUSTICUS; STABLE-ISOTOPES; LIFE-HISTORY; PACIFASTACUS-LENIUSCULUS; SIGNAL CRAYFISH; PARANEPHROPS-ZEALANDICUS; SPECIES REPLACEMENTS; INTRODUCED CRAYFISH AB We examined trophic dynamics of a stream food web where invasive Orconectes neglectus appear to be displacing native O. eupunctus in the Spring River drainage of the Ozark Highlands, Missouri and Arkansas, USA. We collected crayfish species and possible food sources seasonally from a site of sympatry on the South Fork Spring River. We determined diet overlap and potential for competition between O. eupunctus and O. neglectus, and investigated seasonal variation using carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analyses and gut content analyses. Gut content analysis showed both species of crayfish consumed mainly detritus during summer and spring, with other prey categories varying by species and season. Stable isotope analysis showed that O. eupunctus and O. neglectus relied on invertebrates as a major energy and nutrient source throughout summer, autumn, and spring, and the two species showed differences in their stable isotope signatures during spring and summer, but not autumn. Given the trophic overlap between O. eupunctus and O. neglectus, there is a potential for the two species to compete for food and to be ecologically redundant. Ecological redundancy can lead to reduced effects on ecosystem function post-invasion, and therefore examining ecological redundancy of potential invaders should be a conservation priority. C1 [Magoulick, Daniel D.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Piercey, Glenn L.] Mem Univ Newfoundland, CREAIT Network, St John, NF A1B 3X5, Canada. RP Magoulick, DD (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. EM danmag@uark.edu FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Missouri Department of Conservation; U.S. Geological Survey, Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Arkansas [01027] FX We thank Mike Rabalais for assistance in the field. Michelle Evans-White, Camille Flinders, Eric Larson, Matt Dekar, John Ludlam and Jon Flinders provided helpful comments on the manuscript. This project was supported by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Missouri Department of Conservation and the U.S. Geological Survey, Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. This study was performed under the auspices of University of Arkansas protocol #01027. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 67 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 53 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2016 VL 766 IS 1 BP 237 EP 246 DI 10.1007/s10750-015-2457-0 PG 10 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CZ6FP UT WOS:000367196900018 ER PT J AU Underwood, ZE Mandeville, EG Walters, AW AF Underwood, Zachary E. Mandeville, Elizabeth G. Walters, Annika W. TI Population connectivity and genetic structure of burbot (Lota lota) populations in the Wind River Basin, Wyoming SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE Burbot; Metapopulation; Genetic structure; Genotyping by sequencing ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; METAPOPULATION STRUCTURE; SEQUENCE DATA; TROUT; MICROSATELLITES; DISCHARGE; INFERENCE; MOVEMENT; PATTERNS; FLOW AB Burbot (Lota lota) occur in the Wind River Basin in central Wyoming, USA, at the southwestern extreme of the species' native range in North America. The most stable and successful of these populations occur in six glacially carved mountain lakes on three different tributary streams and one large main stem impoundment (Boysen Reservoir) downstream from the tributary populations. Burbot are rarely found in connecting streams and rivers, which are relatively small and high gradient, with a variety of potential barriers to upstream movement of fish. We used high-throughput genomic sequence data for 11,197 SNPs to characterize the genetic diversity, population structure, and connectivity among burbot populations on the Wind River system. Fish from Boysen Reservoir and lower basin tributary populations were genetically differentiated from those in the upper basin tributary populations. In addition, fish within the same tributary streams fell within the same genetic clusters, suggesting there is movement of fish between lakes on the same tributaries but that populations within each tributary system are isolated and genetically distinct from other populations. Observed genetic differentiation corresponded to natural and anthropogenic barriers, highlighting the importance of barriers to fish population connectivity and gene flow in human-altered linked lake-stream habitats. C1 [Underwood, Zachary E.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Mandeville, Elizabeth G.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Walters, Annika W.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Underwood, ZE (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM zunderwo@uwyo.edu FU Wyoming Game and Fish Department; U.S. Geological Survey FX We could not have accomplished this research without extensive help in the field and lab. Joe Deromedi, Paul Gerrity, and Kevin Johnson with the Wyoming Game and Fish Department, and Mike Mazur with US Fish and Wildlife collected the majority of our fish for genetic sampling, and were invaluable resources during the planning stages of this project. Sean Lewandoski also collected a number of burbot for us. Alex Buerkle provided direction and advice relating to the genetics sample collection and analyses, and provided extensive computing and lab resources. David Underwood provided figure design support. Carlin Girard, Eric Gardunio, and Mary Kathryn Hooley offered intellectual contributions to data interpretation and discussed initial drafts of this manuscript. Dave McDonald and two anonymous reviewers provided feedback that further improved the manuscript. All fish were treated humanely and anesthetized before all surgical procedures in accordance with University of Wyoming Animal Care and Use Committee protocol #A-3216-01. Funding was provided by the Wyoming Game and Fish Department and the U.S. Geological Survey. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 43 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 31 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 EI 1573-5117 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2016 VL 765 IS 1 BP 329 EP 342 DI 10.1007/s10750-015-2422-y PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CY8EI UT WOS:000366641200023 ER PT J AU Berg, BL Cloutis, EA Beck, P Vernazza, P Bishop, JL Takir, D Reddy, V Applin, D Mann, P AF Berg, Breanne L. Cloutis, Edward A. Beck, Pierre Vernazza, Pierre Bishop, Janice L. Takir, Driss Reddy, Vishnu Applin, Daniel Mann, Paul TI Reflectance spectroscopy (0.35-8 mu m) of ammonium-bearing minerals and qualitative comparison to Ceres-like asteroids SO ICARUS LA English DT Article DE Asteroids; Comets; Mars ID ORIENTATIONAL ORDER-DISORDER; CRYSTALLINE WATER ICE; RIETVELD REFINEMENT; SURFACE-COMPOSITION; IR SPECTROSCOPY; LOW-TEMPERATURE; CLAY-MINERALS; XRD SPECTRA; FERROELECTRIC TRANSITION; INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY AB Ammonium-bearing minerals have been suggested to be present on Mars, Ceres, and various asteroids and comets. We undertook a systematic study of the spectral reflectance properties of ammonium-bearing minerals and compounds that have possible planetary relevance (i.e., ammonium carbonates, chlorides, nitrates, oxalates, phosphates, silicates, and sulfates). Various synthetic and natural NH4+-bearing minerals were analyzed using reflectance spectroscopy in the long-wave ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared, and mid-infrared regions (0.35-8 mu m) in order to identify spectral features characteristic of the NH4+ molecule, and to evaluate if and how these features vary among different species. Mineral phases were confirmed through structural and compositional analyses using X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and elemental combustion analysis. Characteristic absorption features associated with NH4 can be seen in the reflectance spectra at wavelengths as short as similar to 1 mu m. In the near-infrared region, the most prominent absorption bands are located near 1.6, 2.0, and 2.2 mu m. Absorption features characteristic of NH4+ occurred at slightly longer wavelengths in the mineral-bound NH4+ spectra than for free NH4+ for most of the samples. Differences in wavelength position are attributable to various factors, including differences in the type and polarizability of the anion(s) attached to the NH4+, degree and type of hydrogen bonding, molecule symmetry, and cation substitutions. Multiple absorption features, usually three absorption bands, in the mid-infrared region between similar to 2.8 and 3.8 mu m were seen in all but the most NH4-poor sample spectra, and are attributed to fundamentals, combinations, and overtones of stretching and bending vibrations of the NH4+ molecule. These features appear even in reflectance spectra of water-rich samples which exhibit a strong 3 mu m region water absorption feature. While many of the samples examined in this study have NH4 absorption bands at unique wavelength positions, in order to discriminate between different NH4+-bearing phases, absorption features corresponding to molecules other than NH4+ should be included in spectral analysis. A qualitative comparison of the laboratory results to telescopic spectra of Asteroids 1 Ceres, 10 Hygiea, and 324 Bamberga for the 3 mu m region demonstrates that a number of NH4-bearing phases are consistent with the observational data in terms of exhibiting an absorption band in the 3.07 mu m region. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Berg, Breanne L.; Cloutis, Edward A.; Applin, Daniel; Mann, Paul] Univ Winnipeg, Dept Geog, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. [Beck, Pierre] Univ Grenoble Alpes, IPAG, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [Vernazza, Pierre] Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LAM, UMR 7326, F-13388 Marseille, France. [Bishop, Janice L.] SETI Inst, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Takir, Driss] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Reddy, Vishnu] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Cloutis, EA (reprint author), Univ Winnipeg, Dept Geog, 515 Portage Ave, Winnipeg, MB R3B 2E9, Canada. EM e.cloutis@uwinnipeg.ca RI Beck, Pierre/F-3149-2011 FU Canada Foundation for Innovation; Manitoba Research Innovations Fund; Canadian Space Agency; NSERC; University of Winnipeg FX We would like to thank Wendy Calvin (University of Nevada) for providing sample PLG138 from Cuprite, Nevada, as well as Stan Mertzman (Franklin and Marshall College) for the elemental combustion analysis results. We also wish to thank Dr. Carle Pieters and Dr. Takahiro Hiroi for measuring a number of the reflectance spectra used in this study and for providing open access to data acquired at the NASA-supported RELAB multi-user spectroscopy facility at Brown University. The University of Winnipeg's HOSER-Lab was established with funding from the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Manitoba Research Innovations Fund and the Canadian Space Agency, whose support is gratefully acknowledged. This study was supported by research grants from NSERC, the Canadian Space Agency and the University of Winnipeg. Finally, we wish to thank the comments and suggestions provided by two anonymous reviewers that greatly improved the quality of this paper. NR 119 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 17 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0019-1035 EI 1090-2643 J9 ICARUS JI Icarus PD FEB PY 2016 VL 265 BP 218 EP 237 DI 10.1016/j.icarus.2015.10.028 PG 20 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA CY3YH UT WOS:000366345300018 ER PT J AU Koch, JF Rawles, SD Webster, CD Cummins, V Kobayashi, Y Thompson, KR Gannam, AL Twibell, RG Hyde, NM AF Koch, Joao Fernando Rawles, Steven D. Webster, Carl D. Cummins, Vaun Kobayashi, Yuka Thompson, Kenneth R. Gannam, Ann L. Twibell, Ronald G. Hyde, Nathan M. TI Optimizing fish meal-free commercial diets for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE Tilapia; Fish meal-free diets; Amino acids; Ideal protein formulation; Taurine supplementation ID IDEAL PROTEIN CONCEPT; CRAYFISH CHERAX-QUADRICARINATUS; AMINO-ACID AVAILABILITY; FED PRACTICAL DIETS; FEED INGREDIENTS; APPARENT DIGESTIBILITY; TOTAL REPLACEMENT; SOYBEAN-MEAL; BODY-COMPOSITION; ATLANTIC SALMON AB A feeding trial was conducted in a closed recirculating aquaculture system with Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus juveniles (mean weight, 6.81 g) to examine the response to a practical diet containing protein primarily from menhaden fish meal (FM) and soybean meal (SBM) (control, Diet 1) or to diets with decreasing ratios of PBM to SBM (Diets 2-7; dose-response) as a total replacement for digestible protein from FM, and the efficacy of 1% supplemental taurine (Tau) at the highest level of plant protein inclusion by removing Tau (Diet 8). To the extent possible, the replacement diets were formulated using currently published amino acid availabilities for the ingredients of interest in order to estimate and supplement the first two limiting amino acids (Met and Lys) to match levels in the FM control diet. The test diets were formulated to contain 35% digestible protein. Fish were fed three times daily all they would consume in 30 min. All performance measures were quadratic with respect to PBM: SBM ratio in the diet. The highest weight gain, lowest average daily feed intake, lowest feed conversion, and greatest specific growth rate coincided with a dietary PBM: SBM ratio of 1.22 to 1.35 suggesting that the best tilapia performance in the current trial was achieved with replacement formula D3 that contained approximately 20% SBM, 30% PBM, and supplemental Lys, Met, and Tau. However, all growth performance measures were significantly linear and decreased with respect to increasing distance from the ideal protein amino acid profile for tilapia. Positive effects of taurine supplementation at the highest level of dietary plant protein inclusion were not observed and may have been overwhelmed by imbalances in other amino acids in the test diets. The current results provide evidence that total deviation from the ideal protein profile in tilapia is an important consideration for diet formulation when combinations of diet ingredients are used. Hence, the essential amino acid content of a fish meal control diet may be an inadequate target for optimizing fish meal replacement diets for tilapia; whereas the whole body or muscle amino acid pattern may be a more useful formulation target. Finally, while the database of ingredients that have been evaluated in tilapia is growing, the industry will benefit from more efficient diets as long-term averages of amino acid composition and digestibility accrue for a variety of traditional and novel ingredients. Statement of Relevance: The current results provide evidence that it is the total deviations from a postulated ideal protein profile that is a more important consideration for diet formulation than the combination of diet ingredients used to meet that profile. Therefore, it should be possible to formulate least-cost fish meal replacement diets for tilapia, irrespective of ingredient combinations, and diet intact protein level, as long as a reasonable amino acid model is chosen and a fairly robust set of ingredient composition and digestibility data are available. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Koch, Joao Fernando] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, BR-18618000 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Rawles, Steven D.; Webster, Carl D.] ARS, USDA, HKDSNARC, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. [Cummins, Vaun; Kobayashi, Yuka; Thompson, Kenneth R.] KSU, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY 40601 USA. [Gannam, Ann L.; Twibell, Ronald G.; Hyde, Nathan M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA 98632 USA. RP Rawles, SD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, HKDSNARC, POB 1050,2955 Hwy 130 E, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA. EM steven.rawles@ars.usda.gov; Carl.Webster@ars.usda.gov FU USDA grant [KYX-80-09-18A]; USDA/ARS CRIS project [6028-31630-006-00D]; U.S. Department of Agriculture FX The authors thank N. Ann, K.C., K.N. Dee, B.R. Lee, T.I.L. Lee, E.M. Maa, Cathy Rhin, B. Rett, Shi Ron, M.S. Tee, D.R. Wynne, and Sam Wise for technical assistance and T. Gibson Gaylord, Margarida Barros, and Wilson Furuya for their constructive comments during the development of this manuscript. This research project was partially funded by a USDA grant under agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State University and by USDA/ARS CRIS project 6028-31630-006-00D Developing Nutritional, Genetic, and Management Strategies to Enhance Warmwater Finfish Production. The mention of trade names or commercial products in this article is solely for the purpose of providing specific information and does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 40 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 EI 1873-5622 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD FEB 1 PY 2016 VL 452 BP 357 EP 366 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2015.11.017 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA CY1YY UT WOS:000366205900044 ER PT J AU Tredennick, AT Adler, PB Grace, JB Harpole, WS Borer, ET Seabloom, EW Anderson, TM Bakker, JD Biederman, LA Brown, CS Buckley, YM Chu, CJ Collins, SL Crawley, MJ Fay, PA Firn, J Gruner, DS Hagenah, N Hautier, Y Hector, A Hillebrand, H Kirkman, K Knops, JMH Laungani, R Lind, EM MacDougall, AS McCulley, RL Mitchell, CE Moore, JL Morgan, JW Orrock, JL Peri, PL Prober, SM Risch, AC Schutz, M Speziale, KL Standish, RJ Sullivan, LL Wardle, GM Williams, RJ Yang, LH AF Tredennick, Andrew T. Adler, Peter B. Grace, James B. Harpole, W. Stanley Borer, Elizabeth T. Seabloom, Eric W. Anderson, T. Michael Bakker, Jonathan D. Biederman, Lori A. Brown, Cynthia S. Buckley, Yvonne M. Chu, Chengjin Collins, Scott L. Crawley, Michael J. Fay, Philip A. Firn, Jennifer Gruner, Daniel S. Hagenah, Nicole Hautier, Yann Hector, Andy Hillebrand, Helmut Kirkman, Kevin Knops, Johannes M. H. Laungani, Ramesh Lind, Eric M. MacDougall, Andrew S. McCulley, Rebecca L. Mitchell, Charles E. Moore, Joslin L. Morgan, John W. Orrock, John L. Peri, Pablo L. Prober, Suzanne M. Risch, Anita C. Schuetz, Martin Speziale, Karina L. Standish, Rachel J. Sullivan, Lauren L. Wardle, Glenda M. Williams, Ryan J. Yang, Louie H. TI Comment on "Worldwide evidence of a unimodal relationship between productivity and plant species richness" SO SCIENCE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Tredennick, Andrew T.; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Tredennick, Andrew T.; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Harpole, W. Stanley] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Physiol Divers, Permoserstr 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Borer, Elizabeth T.; Lind, Eric M.; Sullivan, Lauren L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Anderson, T. Michael] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Box 7325 Reynolda Stn, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Bakker, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, 3501 NE 41st St,Box 354115, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Biederman, Lori A.] Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, 251 Bessey Hall, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Brown, Cynthia S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Bioagr Sci & Pest Management, 307 Univ Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Buckley, Yvonne M.] Univ Dublin, Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Zool, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Chu, Chengjin] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Life Sci, Xingang Xi Rd 135, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Collins, Scott L.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Biol, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Crawley, Michael J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol, Silwood Pk, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Fay, Philip A.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 East Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Firn, Jennifer] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Earth Environm & Biol Sci 42, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Gruner, Daniel S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, Plant Sci 4112, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hagenah, Nicole; Kirkman, Kevin] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, 1 Carbis Rd, ZA-3201 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Hautier, Yann] Univ Utrecht, Dept Biol, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, Padualaan 8, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hector, Andy] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. [Hillebrand, Helmut] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol Marine Environm, Schleusenstr 1, D-26382 Wihlhemshaven, Germany. [Knops, Johannes M. H.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, 211 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [Laungani, Ramesh] Doane Coll, Dept Biol, 1014 Boswell Ave, Crete, NE 68333 USA. [MacDougall, Andrew S.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, 50 Stone Rd, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [McCulley, Rebecca L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, N-222D Ag Sci North, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Mitchell, Charles E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, CB 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Moore, Joslin L.] Monash Univ, Sch Biol Sci, Clayton Campus,Wellington Rd, Clayton, Vic 3800, Australia. [Morgan, John W.] La Trobe Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Evolut, Kingsbury Dr, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia. [Orrock, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, 430 Lincoln Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Peri, Pablo L.] Southern Patagonia Natl Univ, Dept Forestry Agr & Water, INTA, CONICET, CC 332, RA-9400 Santa Cruz, Patagonia, Argentina. [Prober, Suzanne M.] Commonwealth Sci & Ind Res Org Land & Water, Private Bag 5, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia. [Risch, Anita C.; Schuetz, Martin] Swiss Fed Inst Forest Snow & Landscape Res, Community Ecol, Zuercherstr 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland. [Speziale, Karina L.] UNCO, CONICET, Dept Ecol, INIBIOMA, Quintral 1250, RA-8400 San Carlos De Bariloche, Rio Negro, Argentina. [Standish, Rachel J.] Murdoch Univ, Sch Vet & Life Sci, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Wardle, Glenda M.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Heydon Laurence Bldg A08, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Williams, Ryan J.] Iowa State Univ, Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA USA. [Yang, Louie H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Tredennick, AT (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Tredennick, AT (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5230 Old Main, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM atredenn@gmail.com RI Gruner, Daniel/A-5166-2010; MacDougall, Andrew/F-2037-2011; Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011; Risch, Anita/A-9836-2012; Standish, Rachel/B-1028-2011; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Pillar, Valerio/B-9872-2008; Hillebrand, Helmut/I-1717-2014; Prober, Suzanne/G-6465-2010; OI Gruner, Daniel/0000-0002-3153-4297; Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724; Borer, Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853; Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716; Risch, Anita/0000-0003-0531-8336; Hautier, Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741; Pillar, Valerio/0000-0001-6408-2891; Hillebrand, Helmut/0000-0001-7449-1613; Biederman, Lori/0000-0003-2171-7898 NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 51 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 29 PY 2016 VL 351 IS 6272 DI 10.1126/science.aad6236 PG 3 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB9SW UT WOS:000368858200024 PM 26823418 ER PT J AU Martin, CH Crawford, JE Turner, BJ Simons, LH AF Martin, Christopher H. Crawford, Jacob E. Turner, Bruce J. Simons, Lee H. TI Diabolical survival in Death Valley: recent pupfish colonization, gene flow and genetic assimilation in the smallest species range on earth SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE demographic inference; population genomics; speciation; conservation genetics; genetic accommodation; introgression ID DEVILS HOLE PUPFISH; CRATER LAKE CICHLIDS; INBREEDING DEPRESSION; ADAPTIVE RADIATION; SYMPATRIC SPECIATION; SMALL POPULATIONS; CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS; DIVERGENCE TIMES; EXTINCTION RISK; EVOLUTION AB One of the most endangered vertebrates, the Devils Hole pupfish Cyprinodon diabolis, survives in a nearly impossible environment: a narrow subterranean fissure in the hottest desert on earth, Death Valley. This species became a conservation icon after a landmark 1976 US Supreme Court case affirming federal groundwater rights to its unique habitat. However, one outstanding question about this species remains unresolved: how long has diabolis persisted in this hellish environment? We used next-generation sequencing of over 13 000 loci to infer the demographic history of pupfishes in Death Valley. Instead of relicts isolated 2-3 Myr ago throughout repeated flooding of the entire region by inland seas as currently believed, we present evidence for frequent gene flow among Death Valley pupfish species and divergence after the most recent flooding 13 kyr ago. We estimate that Devils Hole was colonized by pupfish between 105 and 830 years ago, followed by genetic assimilation of pelvic fin loss and recent gene flow into neighbouring spring systems. Our results provide a new perspective on an iconic endangered species using the latest population genomic methods and support an emerging consensus that timescales for speciation are overestimated in many groups of rapidly evolving species. C1 [Martin, Christopher H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Crawford, Jacob E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Crawford, Jacob E.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Theoret Evolutionary Genom, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Turner, Bruce J.] Virginia Tech, Dept Biol Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Simons, Lee H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Las Vegas, NV USA. RP Martin, CH (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM chmartin@unc.edu OI Martin, Christopher/0000-0001-7989-9124 FU Miller Institute for Basic Research in the Sciences; National Park Service FX This study was funded by a research stipend from the Miller Institute for Basic Research in the Sciences to C.H.M. and a small informal expense fund from the National Park Service. NR 98 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 8 U2 24 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JAN 27 PY 2016 VL 283 IS 1823 AR 20152334 DI 10.1098/rspb.2015.2334 PG 10 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DL7ZH UT WOS:000375858400005 ER PT J AU Simoes, BF Sampaio, FL Loew, ER Sanders, KL Fisher, RN Hart, NS Hunt, DM Partridge, JC Gower, DJ AF Simoes, Bruno F. Sampaio, Filipa L. Loew, Ellis R. Sanders, Kate L. Fisher, Robert N. Hart, Nathan S. Hunt, David M. Partridge, Julian C. Gower, David J. TI Multiple rod - cone and cone - rod photoreceptor transmutations in snakes: evidence from visual opsin gene expression SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE mRNA; retina; Serpentes; vision; visual pigments ID TELESCOPUS-FALLAX FLEISCHMANN; GARTER SNAKE; SPECTRAL MECHANISMS; GRAY SQUIRREL; COLOR-VISION; GEKKO-GEKKO; PIGMENTS; RETINA; EVOLUTION; GECKO AB In 1934, Gordon Walls forwarded his radical theory of retinal photoreceptor 'transmutation'. This proposed that rods and cones used for scotopic and photopic vision, respectively, were not fixed but could evolve into each other via a series of morphologically distinguishable intermediates. Walls' prime evidence came from series of diurnal and nocturnal geckos and snakes that appeared to have pure-cone or pure-rod retinas ( in forms that Walls believed evolved from ancestors with the reverse complement) or which possessed intermediate photoreceptor cells. Walls was limited in testing his theory because the precise identity of visual pigments present in photoreceptors was then unknown. Subsequent molecular research has hitherto neglected this topic but presents new opportunities. We identify three visual opsin genes, rh1, sws1 and lws, in retinal mRNA of an ecologically and taxonomically diverse sample of snakes central to Walls' theory. We conclude that photoreceptors with superficially rod-or cone-like morphology are not limited to containing scotopic or photopic opsins, respectively. Walls' theory is essentially correct, and more research is needed to identify the patterns, processes and functional implications of transmutation. Future research will help to clarify the fundamental properties and physiology of photoreceptors adapted to function in different light levels. C1 [Simoes, Bruno F.; Sampaio, Filipa L.; Gower, David J.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. [Loew, Ellis R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sanders, Kate L.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Biol Sci, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia. [Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. [Hart, Nathan S.] Macquarie Univ, Dept Biol Sci, N Ryde, NSW 2109, Australia. [Hunt, David M.; Partridge, Julian C.] Univ Western Australia, Sch Anim Biol, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Hunt, David M.] Univ Western Australia, Lions Eye Inst, Perth, WA 6009, Australia. [Partridge, Julian C.] Univ Bristol, Sch Biol Sci, Bristol BS8 1UG, Avon, England. RP Simoes, BF; Gower, DJ (reprint author), Nat Hist Museum, Dept Life Sci, Cromwell Rd, London SW7 5BD, England. EM bruno.simoes@me.com; d.gower@nhm.ac.uk RI Hart, Nathan/B-8564-2011; OI Hart, Nathan/0000-0002-7289-9399; F. Simoes, Bruno/0000-0001-5390-6541 FU Leverhulme Trust [RPG-342]; University of Adelaide Environment Institute's Small Research Grants Scheme; Department of Life Sciences of The Natural History Museum, London FX This work was funded by Leverhulme Trust research grant RPG-342 (to D.J.G., N.S.H., D.M.H. and J.C.P.). Additional support was provided by the University of Adelaide Environment Institute's Small Research Grants Scheme (to K.L.S.) and by the Department of Life Sciences of The Natural History Museum, London. NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8452 EI 1471-2954 J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD JAN 27 PY 2016 VL 283 IS 1823 AR 20152624 DI 10.1098/rspb.2015.2624 PG 8 WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA DL7ZH UT WOS:000375858400008 ER PT J AU Lorenz, R Argueso, D Donat, MG Pitman, AJ van den Hurk, B Berg, A Lawrence, DM Cheruy, F Ducharne, A Hagemann, S Meier, A Milly, PCD Seneviratne, SI AF Lorenz, Ruth Argueeso, Daniel Donat, Markus G. Pitman, Andrew J. van den Hurk, Bart Berg, Alexis Lawrence, David M. Cheruy, Frederique Ducharne, Agnes Hagemann, Stefan Meier, Arndt Milly, P. C. D. Seneviratne, Sonia I. TI Influence of land-atmosphere feedbacks on temperature and precipitation extremes in the GLACE-CMIP5 ensemble SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES LA English DT Article DE temperature extremes; soil moisture variability; soil moisture trend; land-atmosphere feedbacks; GLACE-CMIP5; precipitation extremes ID SOIL-MOISTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SURFACE-TEMPERATURE; CMIP5 PROJECTIONS; REGIONAL CLIMATE; UNITED-STATES; COVER CHANGE; HEAT WAVES; MODEL; DROUGHT AB We examine how soil moisture variability and trends affect the simulation of temperature and precipitation extremes in six global climate models using the experimental protocol of the Global Land-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, Phase 5 (GLACE-CMIP5). This protocol enables separate examinations of the influences of soilmoisture variability and trends on the intensity, frequency, and duration of climate extremes by the end of the 21st century under a business-as-usual (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5)emission scenario. Removing soil moisture variability significantly reduces temperature extremes over most continental surfaces, while wet precipitation extremes are enhanced in the tropics.Projecteddrying trends in soil moisture lead to increases in intensity, frequency, and duration of temperature extremes by the end of the 21st century. Wet precipitation extremes are decreased in the tropics with soil moisture trends in the simulations, while dry extremes are enhanced in some regions, in particular the Mediterranean and Australia. However, the ensemble results mask considerable differences in the soil moisture trends simulated by the six climate models. We find that the large differences between the models in soil moisture trends, which are related to an unknown combination of differences in atmospheric forcing (precipitation, net radiation), flux partitioning at the land surface, and how soil moisture is parameterized, imply considerable uncertainty in future changes in climate extremes. C1 [Lorenz, Ruth; Argueeso, Daniel; Donat, Markus G.; Pitman, Andrew J.; Seneviratne, Sonia I.] Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Lorenz, Ruth; Argueeso, Daniel; Donat, Markus G.; Pitman, Andrew J.; Seneviratne, Sonia I.] Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [van den Hurk, Bart] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst, POB 201, NL-3730 AE De Bilt, Netherlands. [Berg, Alexis] Columbia Univ, Earth Inst, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, Palisades, NY USA. [Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Cheruy, Frederique] LMD IPSL, Paris, France. [Ducharne, Agnes] Univ Paris 04, CNRS, UPMC, EPHE,UMR Metis 7619, Paris, France. [Hagemann, Stefan] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. [Meier, Arndt] Lund Univ, Ctr Environm & Climate Res CEC, Lund, Sweden. [Milly, P. C. D.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ USA. [Seneviratne, Sonia I.] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, Zurich, Switzerland. RP Lorenz, R (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW, Australia.; Lorenz, R (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW, Australia. EM r.lorenz@unsw.edu.au RI Pitman, Andrew/A-7353-2011; Donat, Markus/J-8331-2012; Seneviratne, Sonia/G-8761-2011; OI Pitman, Andrew/0000-0003-0604-3274; Donat, Markus/0000-0002-0608-7288; Seneviratne, Sonia/0000-0001-9528-2917; Argueso, Daniel/0000-0002-4792-162X; Lorenz, Ruth/0000-0002-3986-1268 FU Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science grant [CE110001028]; ARC grant [DE150100456] FX This work was supported by the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate System Science grant CE110001028. MGD also received funding through ARC grant DE150100456. The computational modeling was supported by the NCI National Facility at the ANU via LE0989506. We thank GEWEX (World Climate Research Programme, WCRP) and ILEAPS (Integrated Geosphere-Biosphere Programme, IGBP) projects for the coordination and realization of the GLACE-CMIP5 experiment. The GLACE-CMIP5 data are hosted at ETH Zurich and are available on request (see http://www.iac.ethz.ch/GLACE-CMIP, subject to agreement of the respective modeling groups and database coordinators). We thank Martin Hirschi and Micah Wilhelm for their help with the GLACE-CMIP5 multimodel database. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. NR 59 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 33 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 2169-897X EI 2169-8996 J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos. PD JAN 27 PY 2016 VL 121 IS 2 BP 607 EP 623 DI 10.1002/2015JD024053 PG 17 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DE2QM UT WOS:000370471800003 ER PT J AU Snow, NP Halseth, JM Lavelle, MJ Hanson, TE Blass, CR Foster, JA Humphrys, ST Staples, LD Hewitt, DG VerCauteren, KC AF Snow, Nathan P. Halseth, Joseph M. Lavelle, Michael J. Hanson, Thomas E. Blass, Chad R. Foster, Justin A. Humphrys, Simon T. Staples, Linton D. Hewitt, David G. VerCauteren, Kurt C. TI Bait Preference of Free-Ranging Feral Swine for Delivery of a Novel Toxicant SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID BOAR SUS-SCROFA; SOUTHERN TEXAS; UNITED-STATES; WILD PIGS; BIRDS; PHARMACEUTICALS; CONSUMPTION; BEHAVIOR; COLOR; HOGS AB Invasive feral swine (Sus scrofa) cause extensive damage to agricultural and wildlife resources throughout the United States. Development of sodium nitrite as a new, orally delivered toxicant is underway to provide an additional tool to curtail growth and expansion of feral swine populations. A micro-encapsulation coating around sodium nitrite is used to minimize detection by feral swine and maximize stability for the reactive molecule. To maximize uptake of this toxicant by feral swine, development a bait matrix is needed to 1) protect the micro-encapsulation coating so that sodium nitrite remains undetectable to feral swine, 2) achieve a high degree of acceptance by feral swine, and 3) be minimally appealing to non-target species. With these purposes, a field evaluation at 88 sites in south-central Texas was conducted using remote cameras to evaluate preferences by feral swine for several oil-based bait matrices including uncolored peanut paste, black-colored peanut paste, and peanut-based slurry mixed onto whole-kernel corn. These placebo baits were compared to a reference food, whole-kernel corn, known to be readily taken by feral swine (i.e., control). The amount of bait consumed by feral swine was also estimated using remote cameras and grid boards at 5 additional sites. On initial exposure, feral swine showed reduced visitations to the uncolored peanut paste and peanut slurry treatments. This reduced visitation subsided by the end of the treatment period, suggesting that feral swine needed time to accept these bait types. The black-colored peanut paste was visited equally to the control throughout the study, and enough of this matrix was consumed to deliver lethal doses of micro-encapsulated sodium nitrite to most feral swine during 1-2 feeding events. None of the treatment matrices reduced visitations by nontarget species, but feral swine dominated visitations for all matrices. It was concluded that black-colored peanut paste achieved satisfactory preference and consumption by feral swine, and no discernable preference by non-target species, compared to the other treatments. C1 [Snow, Nathan P.; Hewitt, David G.] Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, 700 Univ Blvd,MSC 218, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA. [Snow, Nathan P.; Halseth, Joseph M.; Lavelle, Michael J.; Hanson, Thomas E.; Blass, Chad R.; VerCauteren, Kurt C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Foster, Justin A.] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, Kerr Wildlife Management Area, 2625 FM 1340, Hunt, TX 78024 USA. [Humphrys, Simon T.; Staples, Linton D.] Invas Anim CRC, 33 Flemington St, Glenside, SA 5062, Australia. [Staples, Linton D.] Anim Control Technol Australia Pty Ltd, 46-50 Freight Dr, Somerton, Vic 3062, Australia. RP Snow, NP (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Res Inst, 700 Univ Blvd,MSC 218, Kingsville, TX 78363 USA.; Snow, NP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, USDA, APHIS, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 LaPorte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM Nathan.P.Snow@aphis.usda.gov FU USDA National Feral Swine Damage Management Program; Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Center FX Funding was provided by the USDA National Feral Swine Damage Management Program and the Invasive Animals Cooperative Research Center. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. One author (LS) of this manuscript was commercially affiliated with Animal Control Technologies Australia Pty Ltd. This author played a role in the study by providing the test materials and preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 26 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0146712 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0146712 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DC9GB UT WOS:000369528000012 PM 26812148 ER PT J AU Chesser, RT AF Chesser, R. Terry TI A replacement name for Asthenes wyatti perijanus Phelps 1977 SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Editorial Material ID FURNARIIDAE C1 [Chesser, R. Terry] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Chesser, RT (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Washington, DC 20013 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JAN 26 PY 2016 VL 4067 IS 5 BP 599 EP 599 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC7FT UT WOS:000369385500009 PM 27395902 ER PT J AU Duarte, A Hatfield, JS Swannack, TM Forstner, MRJ Green, MC Weckerly, FW AF Duarte, Adam Hatfield, Jeff S. Swannack, Todd M. Forstner, Michael R. J. Green, M. Clay Weckerly, Floyd W. TI Simulating range-wide population and breeding habitat dynamics for an endangered woodland warbler in the face of uncertainty SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Extinction risk; Habitat conservation; Habitat dynamics; Multistate model; Population dynamics; Setophaga chrysoparia ID GOLDEN-CHEEKED WARBLER; LAND-COVER DATABASE; ASHE JUNIPER; TRANSITION-PROBABILITIES; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; LANDSCAPES; SUCCESSION; THRESHOLD; RECOVERY AB Population viability analyses provide a quantitative approach that seeks to predict the possible future status of a species of interest under different scenarios and, therefore, can be important components of large-scale species' conservation programs. We created a model and simulated range-wide population and breeding habitat dynamics for an endangered woodland warbler, the golden-cheeked warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia). Habitat-transition probabilities were estimated across the warbler's breeding range by combining National Land Cover Database imagery with multistate modeling. Using these estimates, along with recently published demographic estimates, we examined if the species can remain viable into the future given the current conditions. Lastly, we evaluated if protecting a greater amount of habitat would increase the number of warblers that can be supported in the future by systematically increasing the amount of protected habitat and comparing the estimated terminal carrying capacity at the end of 50 years of simulated habitat change. The estimated habitat-transition probabilities supported the hypothesis that habitat transitions are unidirectional, whereby habitat is more likely to diminish than regenerate. The model results indicated population viability could be achieved under current conditions, depending on dispersal. However, there is considerable uncertainty associated with the population projections due to parametric uncertainty. Model results suggested that increasing the amount of protected lands would have a substantial impact on terminal carrying capacities at the end of a 50-year simulation. Notably, this study identifies the need for collecting the data required to estimate demographic parameters in relation to changes in habitat metrics and population density in multiple regions, and highlights the importance of establishing a common definition of what constitutes protected habitat, what management goals are suitable within those protected areas, and a standard operating procedure to identify areas of priority for habitat conservation efforts. Therefore, we suggest future efforts focus on these aspects of golden-cheeked warbler conservation and ecology. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Duarte, Adam; Swannack, Todd M.; Forstner, Michael R. J.; Green, M. Clay; Weckerly, Floyd W.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX USA. [Hatfield, Jeff S.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA. [Swannack, Todd M.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Duarte, A (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM adam.duarte@oregonstate.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership Program through U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Texas State University; Houston Safari Club; National Wild Turkey Federation FX We thank J. D. Nichols, J. R. Sauer, and an anonymous reviewer for reviewing an earlier draft of the manuscript. J. L. R. Jensen allowed us to use her computers to run a portion of the simulations, and we are grateful. This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership Program through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Texas State University, the Houston Safari Club, and the National Wild Turkey Federation. Recovery-unit boundary shapefiles were provided by the Austin Ecological Services Office of the USFWS. Conservation and recreation-land shapefiles were provided by Texas Parks & Wildlife Department Land and Water Resources Conservation and Recreation Plan Statewide Inventory-2012 and military-land shapefiles were downloaded from the Defense Installation Spatial Data Infrastructure website (http://www.acq.osd.mil/ie/). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JAN 24 PY 2016 VL 320 BP 52 EP 61 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.018 PG 10 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB2BM UT WOS:000368313300005 ER PT J AU Liston, GE Perham, CJ Shideler, RT Cheuvront, AN AF Liston, Glen E. Perham, Craig J. Shideler, Richard T. Cheuvront, April N. TI Modeling snowdrift habitat for polar bear dens SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Polar bear; Den habitat; Snowdrift; Model; SnowDens-3D; Climate ID NORTHERN ALASKA; URSUS-MARITIMUS; DENNING HABITAT; BEAUFORT SEA; SNOW COVER; WIND; TRANSPORT; SYSTEM; USA; ACCURACY AB Throughout the Arctic most pregnant polar bears (Ursus maritimus) construct maternity dens in seasonal snowdrifts that form in wind-shadowed areas. We developed and verified a spatial snowdrift polar bear den habitat model (SnowDens-3D) that predicts snowdrift locations and depths along Alaska's Beaufort Sea coast. SnowDens-3D integrated snow physics, weather data, and a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) to produce predictions of the timing, distribution, and growth of snowdrifts suitable for polar bear dens. SnowDens-3D assimilated 18 winters (1995 through 2012) of observed daily meteorological data and a 2.5 m grid-increment DEM covering 337.5 km(2) of the Beaufort Sea coast, and described the snowdrift depth distributions on 30 November of each winter to approximate the timing of polar bear den entrance. In this region of Alaska, winds that transport snow come from two dominant directions: approximately NE to E (40-110 degrees T) and SW to W (210-280 degrees T). These wind directions control the formation and location of snowdrifts. In this area, the terrestrial, coastal mainland and barrier island banks where polar bear dens are found average approximately 3 m high. These banks create snowdrifts that are roughly 2 m deep, which historical den analyses suggest is approximately the minimum snow depth required for a polar bear den. We compared observed den locations (n=55) with model-simulated snow-depth distributions for these 18 winters. For the 31 den locations where position accuracy estimates were available in the original field notes, 29 locations (97%) had a simulated snowdrift suitable for denning within that distance. In addition, the model replicated the observed inter-annual variability in snowdrift size and location at historical den sites, suggesting it simulates interactions between the terrain and annual weather factors that produce the snowdrifts polar bears use for dens. The area of viable den habitat ranged from 0.0 ha to 7.6 ha (0.00-0.02% of the 337.5 km2 simulation domain), depending on the winter. SnowDens-3D is available to help management agencies and industry improve their prediction of current polar bear den sites in order to reduce disturbance of denning bears by winter recreational and industrial activities. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liston, Glen E.] Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Perham, Craig J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. [Shideler, Richard T.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Cheuvront, April N.] Avery Cty Sch, Newland, NC 28657 USA. RP Liston, GE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM glen.liston@colostate.edu FU USFWS [70181BJ037, F12AC01665]; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) [2011-0032-023, 28400] FX This work was supported by USFWS Cooperative Agreements 70181BJ037 and F12AC01665, and National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) Grant 2011-0032-023 (Proposal ID 28400). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the Alaska Department of Fish & Game. The SnowDens-3D program is copyrighted by InterWorks Consulting LLC, who independently developed the SnowDens-3D source code. George Durner graciously provided updated USGS den-location data, Jon Aars provided the polar bear mother and cub photograph in Fig. 1, and the USGS provided the lidar DEM data. We also acknowledge Ryan Wilson and Sveta Stuefer for their reviews of an early version of this manuscript. Finally, we thank Philip Martin, USFWS, who recognized the value of bringing biological (polar bear) and physical (snow) scientists together to answer questions that could never be resolved by either group working independently; his insight, vision, and dedication to this project made this work possible. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JAN 24 PY 2016 VL 320 BP 114 EP 134 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.010 PG 21 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB2BM UT WOS:000368313300011 ER PT J AU Ackleh, AS Carter, J Chellamuthu, VK Ma, BL AF Ackleh, Azmy S. Carter, Jacoby Chellamuthu, Vinodh K. Ma, Baoling TI A model for the interaction of frog population dynamics with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, Janthinobacterium lividum and temperature and its implication for chytridiomycosis management SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING LA English DT Article DE Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Chytridiomycosis; Frog population; Janthinobacterium lividum; Mathematical modeling; Temperature ID CHYTRID FUNGUS INFECTION; JUVENILE-ADULT MODEL; EMERGING DISEASE; AMPHIBIANS; PATHOGEN; DECLINE; HOST; METAMORPHOSIS; PERSISTENCE; EXTINCTION AB Chytridiomycosis is an emerging disease caused by the fungal pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) that poses a serious threat to frog populations worldwide. Several studies have shown that inoculation of bacterial species Janthinobacterium lividum (Jl) can mitigate the impact of the disease. However, there are many questions regarding this interaction. A mathematical model of a frog population infected with chytridiomycosis is developed to investigate how the inoculation off! could reduce the impact of Bd disease on frogs. The model also illustrates the important role of temperature in disease dynamics. The model simulation results suggest possible control strategies for]! to limit the impact of Bd in various scenarios. However, a better knowledge of Jl life cycle is needed to fully understand the interaction of Jl, Bd, temperature and frogs. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ackleh, Azmy S.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Math, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. [Carter, Jacoby] US Geol Survey, Natl Wetlands Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Chellamuthu, Vinodh K.] Dixie State Univ, Dept Math, St George, UT 84770 USA. [Ma, Baoling] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Math, Millersville, PA 17551 USA. RP Ackleh, AS (reprint author), Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Math, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA. EM ackleh@louisiana.edu; carterj@usgs.gov; vinodh.chellamuthu@dixie.edu; baoling.ma@millersville.edu FU National Science Foundation [DMS-1312963] FX The authors would like to thank the referees for their valuable comments and suggestions. This work is supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant # DMS-1312963. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S Government. NR 43 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 34 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3800 EI 1872-7026 J9 ECOL MODEL JI Ecol. Model. PD JAN 24 PY 2016 VL 320 BP 158 EP 169 DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2015.09.015 PG 12 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB2BM UT WOS:000368313300014 ER PT J AU Brown, LR Komoroske, LM Wagner, RW Morgan-King, T May, JT Connon, RE Fangue, NA AF Brown, Larry R. Komoroske, Lisa M. Wagner, R. Wayne Morgan-King, Tara May, Jason T. Connon, Richard E. Fangue, Nann A. TI Coupled Downscaled Climate Models and Ecophysiological Metrics Forecast Habitat Compression for an Endangered Estuarine Fish SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SAN-FRANCISCO ESTUARY; CHANGE IMPACTS; CHANGE SCENARIOS; DELTA SMELT; THERMAL TOLERANCE; MARINE SYSTEMS; CALIFORNIA; STRESS; COASTAL; SALMON AB Climate change is driving rapid changes in environmental conditions and affecting population and species' persistence across spatial and temporal scales. Integrating climate change assessments into biological resource management, such as conserving endangered species, is a substantial challenge, partly due to a mismatch between global climate forecasts and local or regional conservation planning. Here, we demonstrate how outputs of global climate change models can be downscaled to the watershed scale, and then coupled with ecophysiological metrics to assess climate change effects on organisms of conservation concern. We employed models to estimate future water temperatures (2010-2099) under several climate change scenarios within the large heterogeneous San Francisco Estuary. We then assessed the warming effects on the endangered, endemic Delta Smelt, Hypomesus transpacificus, by integrating localized projected water temperatures with thermal sensitivity metrics (tolerance, spawning and maturation windows, and sublethal stress thresholds) across life stages. Lethal temperatures occurred under several scenarios, but sublethal effects resulting from chronic stressful temperatures were more common across the estuary (median > 60 days above threshold for > 50% locations by the end of the century). Behavioral avoidance of such stressful temperatures would make a large portion of the potential range of Delta Smelt unavailable during the summer and fall. Since Delta Smelt are not likely to migrate to other estuaries, these changes are likely to result in substantial habitat compression. Additionally, the Delta Smelt maturation window was shortened by 18-85 days, revealing cumulative effects of stressful summer and fall temperatures with early initiation of spring spawning that may negatively impact fitness. Our findings highlight the value of integrating sublethal thresholds, life history, and in situ thermal heterogeneity into global change impact assessments. As downscaled climate models are becoming widely available, we conclude that similar assessments at management-relevant scales will improve the scientific basis for resource management decisions. C1 [Brown, Larry R.; Morgan-King, Tara; May, Jason T.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA. [Komoroske, Lisa M.] NOAA, Natl Res Council, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, La Jolla, CA USA. [Komoroske, Lisa M.; Fangue, Nann A.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Wagner, R. Wayne] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Geol Sci, Austin, TX USA. [Connon, Richard E.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Brown, LR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA. EM lrbrown@usgs.gov OI Wagner, Wayne/0000-0002-3978-2025 FU Priority Ecosystem Science Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey; Delta Stewardship Council through the Delta Science Program; University of California Agricultural Experiment Station [2098-H]; United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation [R12AP20018]; State and Federal Contractors Water Agency [201301957]; California Delta Stewardship Council [201015533]; California Sea Grant Delta Science Doctoral Fellowship [R/SF-56]; National Academies, National Research Council post-doctoral research fellowship FX Funding to LRB, TM-K, and JTM was provided by the Priority Ecosystem Science Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey, and by a grant from the Delta Stewardship Council through the Delta Science Program. This work represents contribution 69 of the "CASCaDE: Computational Assessments of Scenarios of Change for the Delta Ecosystem" project. This work was supported by the University of California Agricultural Experiment Station [grant number 2098-H to NAF], the United States Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation [contract number R12AP20018 to REC and NAF], the State and Federal Contractors Water Agency [grant number 201301957 to REC] and the California Delta Stewardship Council [contract number 201015533 to REC and NAF]. Partial funding was provided to LMK by the California Sea Grant Delta Science Doctoral Fellowship R/SF-56 and the National Academies, National Research Council post-doctoral research fellowship. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agencies. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 79 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 21 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0146724 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0146724 PG 21 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5CE UT WOS:000368530300011 PM 26796147 ER PT J AU Madenjian, CP Jensen, OP Rediske, RR O'Keefe, JP Vastano, AR Pothoven, SA AF Madenjian, Charles P. Jensen, Olaf P. Rediske, Richard R. O'Keefe, James P. Vastano, Anthony R. Pothoven, Steven A. TI Differences in Energy Expenditures and Growth Dilution Explain Higher PCB Concentrations in Male Summer Flounder SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONCENTRATIONS; SEXUAL DIFFERENCE; LAKE TROUT; PARALICHTHYS-DENTATUS; BIOENERGETICS MODELS; CONGENER DISTRIBUTIONS; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; STABLE-ISOTOPES; DIETARY UPTAKE AB Comparison of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations between the sexes of mature fish may reveal important behavioral and physiological differences between the sexes. We determined whole-fish PCB concentrations in 23 female summer flounder Paralichthys dentatus and 27 male summer flounder from New Jersey coastal waters. To investigate the potential for differences in diet or habitat utilization between the sexes, carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios were also determined. In 5 of the 23 female summer flounder, PCB concentrations in the somatic tissue and ovaries were determined. In addition, we used bioenergetics modeling to assess the contribution of the growth dilution effect to the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes. Whole-fish PCB concentrations for females and males averaged 87 and 124 ng/g, respectively; thus males were 43% higher in PCB concentration compared with females. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotope ratios did not significantly differ between the sexes, suggesting that diet composition and habitat utilization did not vary between the sexes. Based on PCB determinations in the somatic tissue and ovaries, we predicted that PCB concentration of females would increase by 0.6%, on average, immediately after spawning due to release of eggs. Thus, the change in PCB concentration due to release of eggs did not explain the higher PCB concentrations observed in males. Bioenergetics modeling results indicated that the growth dilution effect could account for males being 19% higher in PCB concentration compared with females. Thus, the bulk of the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes was not explained by growth dilution. We concluded that a higher rate of energy expenditure in males, stemming from greater activity and a greater resting metabolic rate, was most likely the primary driver for the observed difference in PCB concentrations between the sexes. C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Jensen, Olaf P.; Vastano, Anthony R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Rediske, Richard R.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, Muskegon, MI USA. [O'Keefe, James P.] Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bur Labs, Lansing, MI USA. [Pothoven, Steven A.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Lake Michigan Field Stn, Muskegon, MI USA. RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov FU U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center; Rutgers University FX This work was supported by the U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center to CPM and Rutgers University to OPJ. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0147223 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147223 PG 20 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5CE UT WOS:000368530300023 PM 26794728 ER PT J AU Pittman, HT Krementz, DG AF Pittman, H. Tyler Krementz, David G. TI Impacts of Short-Rotation Early-Growing Season Prescribed Fire on a Ground Nesting Bird in the Central Hardwoods Region of North America SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID WILD TURKEY HENS; MELEAGRIS-GALLOPAVO SILVESTRIS; SITE SELECTION; REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY; FOREST STRUCTURE; SURVIVAL; DYNAMICS; ARKANSAS; MISSISSIPPI; POPULATION AB Landscape-scale short-rotation early-growing season prescribed fire, hereafter prescribed fire, in upland hardwood forests represents a recent shift in management strategies across eastern upland forests. Not only does this strategy depart from dormant season to growing season prescriptions, but the strategy also moves from stand-scale to landscape-scale implementation (>1,000 ha). This being so, agencies are making considerable commitments in terms of time and resources to this management strategy, but the effects on wildlife in upland forests, especially those dominated by hardwood canopy species, are relatively unknown. We initiated our study to assess whether this management strategy affects eastern wild turkey reproductive ecology on the Ozark-St. Francis National Forest. We marked 67 wild turkey hens with Global Positioning System (GPS) Platform Transmitting Terminals in 2012 and 2013 to document exposure to prescribed fire, and estimate daily nest survival, nest success, and nest-site selection. We estimated these reproductive parameters in forest units managed with prescribed fire (treated) and units absent of prescribed fire (untreated). Of 60 initial nest attempts monitored, none were destroyed or exposed to prescribed fire because a majority of fires occurred early than a majority of the nesting activity. We found nest success was greater in untreated units than treated units (36.4% versus 14.6%). We did not find any habitat characteristic differences between successful and unsuccessful nest-sites. We found that nest-site selection criteria differed between treated and untreated units. Visual concealment and woody ground cover were common selection criteria in both treated and untreated units. However, in treated units wild turkey selected nest-sites with fewer small shrubs (<5 cm ground diameter) and large trees (>20 cm DBH) but not in untreated units. In untreated units wild turkey selected nest-sites with more large shrubs (>= 5cm ground diameter) but did not select for small shrubs or large trees. Our findings suggest that wild turkey have not benefited from the reintroduction of prescribed fire to the WRERA. C1 [Pittman, H. Tyler] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Krementz, David G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Pittman, H. Tyler] Florida Fish & Wildlife Commiss, Florida Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 1105 SW Williston Rd, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. RP Pittman, HT (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.; Pittman, HT (reprint author), Florida Fish & Wildlife Commiss, Florida Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 1105 SW Williston Rd, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. EM H.T.Pittman@gmail.com FU Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; USDA Forest Service Boson Mountain Ranger District; University of Arkansas; U.S. Geological Survey Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; United States Department of Agriculture U.S. Forest Service; National Wild Turkey Federation FX The authors received financial support from the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission for project implementation and logistics. The authors received support from the USDA Forest Service Boson Mountain Ranger District and the University of Arkansas, and the U.S. Geological Survey Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit to complete the project.; We received support from the United States Department of Agriculture U.S. Forest Service, Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, National Wild Turkey Federation, U.S. Geological Survey Arkansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and the University of Arkansas. We thank R. Whalen, B. Bowers, K. Lynch, J. Lindsay, J. Honey, J. Cothern, D. Magoulick, M. Douglas, and D. Moler for financial and logistical support. We thank C. Moorman, B. Collier, J. Cothern, D. Magoulick, M. Douglas, and two anonymous reviewers for comments to an early version of our manuscript. We also thank the Florida Fish and Wildlife Research Institute for allowing the work to be complete at the institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. All research was conducted under the approval of the Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Arkansas (#11012). NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 22 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 21 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0147317 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0147317 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB5CE UT WOS:000368530300029 PM 26795913 ER PT J AU Grace, JB Anderson, TM Seabloom, EW Borer, ET Adler, PB Harpole, WS Hautier, Y Hillebrand, H Lind, EM Partel, M Bakker, JD Buckley, YM Crawley, MJ Damschen, EI Davies, KF Fay, PA Firn, J Gruner, DS Hector, A Knops, JMH MacDougall, AS Melbourne, BA Morgan, JW Orrock, JL Prober, SM Smith, MD AF Grace, James B. Anderson, T. Michael Seabloom, Eric W. Borer, Elizabeth T. Adler, Peter B. Harpole, W. Stanley Hautier, Yann Hillebrand, Helmut Lind, Eric M. Paertel, Meelis Bakker, Jonathan D. Buckley, Yvonne M. Crawley, Michael J. Damschen, Ellen I. Davies, Kendi F. Fay, Philip A. Firn, Jennifer Gruner, Daniel S. Hector, Andy Knops, Johannes M. H. MacDougall, Andrew S. Melbourne, Brett A. Morgan, John W. Orrock, John L. Prober, Suzanne M. Smith, Melinda D. TI Integrative modelling reveals mechanisms linking productivity and plant species richness SO NATURE LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL EQUATION MODELS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; ECOSYSTEM FUNCTION; BIODIVERSITY; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; SCALE; HYPOTHESIS; VEGETATION; SIZE AB How ecosystem productivity and species richness are interrelated is one of the most debated subjects in the history of ecology(1). Decades of intensive study have yet to discern the actual mechanisms behind observed global patterns(2,3). Here, by integrating the predictions from multiple theories into a single model and using data from 1,126 grassland plots spanning five continents, we detect the clear signals of numerous underlying mechanisms linking productivity and richness. We find that an integrative model has substantially higher explanatory power than traditional bivariate analyses. In addition, the specific results unveil several surprising findings that conflict with classical models(4-7). These include the isolation of a strong and consistent enhancement of productivity by richness, an effect in striking contrast with superficial data patterns. Also revealed is a consistent importance of competition across the full range of productivity values, in direct conflict with some (but not all) proposed models. The promotion of local richness by macroecological gradients in climatic favourability, generally seen as a competing hypothesis(8), is also found to be important in our analysis. The results demonstrate that an integrative modelling approach leads to a major advance in our ability to discern the underlying processes operating in ecological systems. C1 [Grace, James B.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Anderson, T. Michael] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Seabloom, Eric W.; Borer, Elizabeth T.; Lind, Eric M.] Univ Minnesota, Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Harpole, W. Stanley] UFZ Helmholtz Ctr Environm Res, Dept Physiol Divers, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. [Harpole, W. Stanley] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. [Harpole, W. Stanley] Univ Halle Wittenberg, D-06108 Halle, Saale, Germany. [Hautier, Yann] Univ Utrecht, Dept Biol, Ecol & Biodivers Grp, NL-3584 CH Utrecht, Netherlands. [Hillebrand, Helmut] Carl von Ossietzky Univ Oldenburg, Inst Chem & Biol, Marine Environm, D-26381 Wilhelmshaven, Germany. [Paertel, Meelis] Univ Tartu, Inst Ecol & Earth Sci, EE-51005 Tartu, Estonia. [Bakker, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Buckley, Yvonne M.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Nat Sci, Zool, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Crawley, Michael J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biol Sci, Ascot SL5 7PY, Berks, England. [Damschen, Ellen I.; Orrock, John L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Davies, Kendi F.; Melbourne, Brett A.] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Fay, Philip A.] ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, USDA, Temple, TX 76502 USA. [Firn, Jennifer] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Earth Environm & Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Gruner, Daniel S.] Univ Maryland, Dept Entomol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hector, Andy] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England. [Knops, Johannes M. H.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Biol Sci, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. [MacDougall, Andrew S.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Morgan, John W.] La Trobe Univ, Dept Ecol Environm & Evolut, Bundoora, Vic 3083, Australia. [Prober, Suzanne M.] CSIRO Land & Water, Wembley, WA 6913, Australia. [Smith, Melinda D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RP Grace, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. EM gracej@usgs.gov RI Gruner, Daniel/A-5166-2010; Partel, Meelis/D-5493-2012; MacDougall, Andrew/F-2037-2011; Hector, Andrew/H-4199-2011; Hautier, Yann/D-5426-2015; Hillebrand, Helmut/I-1717-2014; Smith, Melinda/J-8987-2014; Prober, Suzanne/G-6465-2010; OI Borer, Elizabeth/0000-0003-2259-5853; Gruner, Daniel/0000-0002-3153-4297; Partel, Meelis/0000-0002-5874-0138; Hector, Andrew/0000-0002-1309-7716; Hautier, Yann/0000-0003-4347-7741; Hillebrand, Helmut/0000-0001-7449-1613; Seabloom, Eric/0000-0001-6780-9259; Lind, Eric/0000-0003-3051-7724 FU US Geological Survey; Nutrient Network; National Science Foundation (NSF) Research Coordination Network [NSF-DEB-1042132]; National Science Foundation (NSF) Long Term Ecological Research program [NSF-DEB-1234162]; UMN Institute on the Environment [DG-0001-13] FX J.B.G. was supported by the US Geological Survey Ecosystems and Climate and Land use Change Programs. This work uses data from the Nutrient Network (http://nutnet.org) experiment, funded at the site scale by individual researchers. Coordination and data management were supported by funding to E.T.B. and E.W.S. from the National Science Foundation (NSF) Research Coordination Network (NSF-DEB-1042132) and Long Term Ecological Research (NSF-DEB-1234162 to Cedar Creek LTER) programs and the UMN Institute on the Environment (DG-0001-13). The Minnesota Supercomputer Institute hosts project data. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. Support for site-level activities is acknowledged in the Supplementary Information. We thank D. Laughlin for comments on the manuscript. NR 45 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 62 U2 179 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0028-0836 EI 1476-4687 J9 NATURE JI Nature PD JAN 21 PY 2016 VL 529 IS 7586 BP 390 EP + DI 10.1038/nature16524 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB2QT UT WOS:000368354800045 PM 26760203 ER PT J AU Phan, TT Capo, RC Stewart, BW Macpherson, GL Rowan, EL Hammack, RW AF Phan, Thai T. Capo, Rosemary C. Stewart, Brian W. Macpherson, G. L. Rowan, Elisabeth L. Hammack, Richard W. TI Factors controlling Li concentration and isotopic composition in formation waters and host rocks of Marcellus Shale, Appalachian Basin SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Marcellus Shale; Formation water; Lithium isotopes; Strontium isotopes; Detrital clay; Progressive weathering; Geochemical tracer ID MC-ICP-MS; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; UPPER CONTINENTAL-CRUST; LITHIUM-ISOTOPE; GAS-WELLS; PRECISE DETERMINATION; SOUTHWESTERN PENNSYLVANIA; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; GEOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE; CALCIUM-CARBONATE AB In this study, water and whole rock samples from hydraulically fractured wells in the Marcellus Shale (Middle Devonian), and water from conventional wells producing from Upper Devonian sandstones were analyzed for lithium concentrations and isotope ratios (delta Li-7). The distribution of lithium concentrations in different mineral groups was determined using sequential extraction. Structurally bound Li, predominantly in clays, accounted for 75-91 wt.% of total Li, whereas exchangeable sites and carbonate cement contain negligible Li (<3%). Up to 20% of the Li is present in the oxidizable fraction (organic matter and sulfides). The delta Li-7 values for whole rock shale in Greene Co., Pennsylvania, and Tioga Co., NewYork, ranged from -2.3 to +4.3 parts per thousand, similar to values reported for other shales in the literature. The delta Li-7 values in shale rocks with stratigraphic depth record progressive weathering of the source region; the most weathered and clay-rich strata with isotopically light Li are found closest to the top of the stratigraphic section. Diagenetic illite-smectite transition could also have partially affected the bulk Li content and isotope ratios of the Marcellus Shale. In Greene Co., southwest Pennsylvania, the Upper Devonian sandstone formation waters have delta Li-7 values of +14.6 +/- 1.2 (2SD, n = 25), and are distinct from Marcellus Shale formation waters which have d7Li of +10.0 +/- 0.8 (2SD, n = 12). These two formation waters also maintain distinctive Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios, suggesting hydrologic separation between these units. Applying a temperature-dependent illitilization model to Marcellus Shale, we found that Li concentration in clay minerals increased with Li concentration in pore fluid during diagenetic illite-smectite transition. Samples from north-central Pennsylvania show a much smaller range in both delta Li-7 and Sr-87/Sr-86 than those in southwest Pennsylvania. Spatial variations in Li and delta Li-7 values show that Marcellus formation waters are not homogeneous across the Appalachian Basin. Marcellus formation waters in the northeastern Pennsylvania portion of the basin show a much smaller range in both delta Li-7 and Sr-87/Sr-86, suggesting long term, cross-formational fluid migration in this region. Assessing the impact of potential mixing of fresh water with deep formation water requires establishment of a geochemical and isotopic baseline in the shallow, fresh water aquifers, and site specific characterization of formation water, followed by long-term monitoring, particularly in regions of future shale gas development. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Phan, Thai T.; Capo, Rosemary C.; Stewart, Brian W.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Phan, Thai T.; Hammack, Richard W.] US DOE, Natl Energy Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Macpherson, G. L.] Univ Kansas, Dept Geol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Rowan, Elisabeth L.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Phan, TT (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, 4107 OHara St,200 SRCC, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM thaiphan@pitt.edu FU U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, as the National Energy Technology Laboratory [DE-FE0004000]; National Energy Technology Laboratory Research Participation Program; U.S. Department of Energy FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Fossil Energy, as the National Energy Technology Laboratory's ongoing research under the RES contract DE-FE0004000 (RCC, BWS). We thank Dan Bain for the technical support with ICP-MS analysis, and Emily Burt for the assistance with sample preparation for Sr isotopes. We are grateful for the constructive comments and suggestions fromtwo anonymous reviewers. Jerome Gaillardet is thanked for the editorial handling and useful suggestions. We also thank the operating companies for generously donating the drill core and providing access to water samples that were used in this study. The Eastern Energy Resource Science Center at the U.S. Geological Survey contributed to collection of water samples. We thank the University of Kansas, Department of Geology and the University of Kansas Endowment Association for the support (GLM). This research was supported in part by an appointment to the National Energy Technology Laboratory Research Participation Program, sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy and administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 108 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 EI 1878-5999 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 420 BP 162 EP 179 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.11.003 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CY8IO UT WOS:000366652200014 ER PT J AU Feng, WM Banner, JL Guilfoyle, AL Musgrove, M James, EW AF Feng, Weimin Banner, Jay L. Guilfoyle, Amber L. Musgrove, MaryLynn James, Eric W. TI Oxygen isotopic fractionation between drip water and speleothem calcite: A 10-year monitoring study, central Texas, USA (vol 304, pg 53, 2012) SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Feng, Weimin; Banner, Jay L.; Guilfoyle, Amber L.; James, Eric W.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Musgrove, MaryLynn] US Geol Survey, Austin, TX USA. RP Feng, WM (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. EM weimin.feng@gmail.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-2541 EI 1878-5999 J9 CHEM GEOL JI Chem. Geol. PD JAN 20 PY 2016 VL 420 BP 297 EP 297 DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2015.05.003 PG 1 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA CY8IO UT WOS:000366652200024 ER PT J AU Fichot, CG Downing, BD Bergamaschi, BA Windham-Myers, L Marvin-DiPasquale, M Thompson, DR Gierach, MM AF Fichot, Cedric G. Downing, Bryan D. Bergamaschi, Brian A. Windham-Myers, Lisamarie Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark Thompson, David R. Gierach, Michelle M. TI High-Resolution Remote Sensing of Water Quality in the San Francisco Bay Delta Estuary SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; TURBID PRODUCTIVE WATERS; CHLOROPHYLL-A CONCENTRATION; GULF-OF-MEXICO; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; PHYTOPLANKTON BLOOMS; OPTICAL MEASUREMENTS; YOLO BYPASS; COASTAL AB The San Francisco Bay-Delta Estuary watershed is a major source of freshwater for California and a profoundly human-impacted environment. The water quality monitoring that is critical to the management of this important water resource and ecosystem relies primarily on a system of fixed water-quality monitoring stations, but the limited spatial coverage often hinders understanding. Here, we show how the latest technology in visible/near-infrared imaging spectroscopy can facilitate water quality monitoring in this highly dynamic and heterogeneous system by enabling simultaneous depictions of several water quality indicators at very high spatial resolution. The airborne portable remote imaging spectrometer (PRISM) was used to derive high-spatial-resolution (2.6 x 2.6 m) distributions of turbidity, and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and chlorophyll-a concentrations in a wetland-influenced region of this estuary. A filter-passing methylmercury vs DOC relationship was also developed using in situ samples and enabled the high-spatial-resolution depiction of surface methylmercury concentrations in this area. The results illustrate how high-resolution imaging spectroscopy can inform management and policy development in important inland and estuarine water bodies by facilitating the detection of point- and nonpoint-source pollution, and by providing data to help assess the complex impacts of wetland restoration and climate change on water quality and ecosystem productivity. C1 [Fichot, Cedric G.; Thompson, David R.; Gierach, Michelle M.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Downing, Bryan D.; Bergamaschi, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Windham-Myers, Lisamarie; Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Fichot, CG (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. EM cgfichot@gmail.com OI Downing, Bryan/0000-0002-2007-5304; Bergamaschi, Brian/0000-0002-9610-5581 NR 80 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 17 U2 63 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 573 EP 583 DI 10.1021/aCs.esL5b03518 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB5OL UT WOS:000368563400007 PM 26651265 ER PT J AU Degnan, JR Bohlke, JK Pelham, K Langlais, DM Walsh, GJ AF Degnan, James R. Boehlke, J. K. Pelham, Krystle Langlais, David M. Walsh, Gregory J. TI Identification of Groundwater Nitrate Contamination from Explosives Used in Road Construction: Isotopic, Chemical, and Hydrologic Evidence SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FERTILIZER NITROGEN; NATURAL ATTENUATION; UNITED-STATES; PERCHLORATE; AQUIFER; OXYGEN; DENITRIFICATION; FRACTIONATION; WATER; USA AB Explosives used in construction have been implicated as sources of NO3- contamination in groundwater, but direct forensic evidence is limited. Identification of blasting-related NO3- can be complicated by other NO3- sources, including agriculture and wastewater disposal, and by hydrogeologic factors affecting NO3- transport and stability. Here we describe a study that used hydrogeology, chemistry, stable isotopes, and mass balance calculations to evaluate groundwater NO3- sources and transport in areas surrounding a highway construction site with documented blasting in New Hampshire. Results indicate various groundwater responses to contamination: (1) rapid breakthrough and flushing of synthetic NO3- (low delta N-15, high delta O-18) from dissolution of unexploded NH4NO3 blasting agents in oxic groundwater; (2) delayed and reduced breakthrough of synthetic NO3- subjected to partial denitrification (high delta N-15, high delta O-18); (3) relatively persistent concentrations of blasting-related biogenic NO3 derived from nitrification of NH4+ (low delta 15N, low delta 18O); and (4) stable but spatially variable biogenic NO3 concentrations, consistent with recharge from septic systems (high delta N-15, low delta O-18), variably affected by denitrification. Source characteristics of denitrified samples were reconstructed from dissolved-gas data (Ar, N-2) and isotopic fractionation trends associated with denitrification (Delta delta N-15/Delta delta O-18 similar or equal to 1.31). Methods and data from this study are expected to be applicable in studies of other aquifers affected by explosives used in construction. C1 [Degnan, James R.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, 331 Commerce Way,Suite 2, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. [Boehlke, J. K.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Pelham, Krystle] New Hampshire Dept Transportat, Bur Mat & Res, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Langlais, David M.] Hoyle Tanner & Associates Inc, I Exit Project Field Off 93 3, Windham, NH 03087 USA. [Walsh, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA. RP Degnan, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, 331 Commerce Way,Suite 2, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA. EM jrdegnan@usgs.gov FU New Hampshire Department of Transportation Research Advisory Council; USGS National Research Program, Water Mission Area FX We thank the citizens and businesses that participated in this study, and Megan Murphy, Patrick Massicotte, and Roger Keilig of HTE Northeast, Inc., for scheduling sample collection and providing data. We also thank Sarah Flanagan and Denise Argue for help with sampling and data management, Kelsey Regan (formerly with the USGS), for assistance with sample collection, and Janet Hannon and Stanley Mroczkowski for assistance in the stable isotope laboratory. We thank Joseph Ayotte and Dennis Woodward for help with study design. This study was supported in part by the New Hampshire Department of Transportation Research Advisory Council and the USGS National Research Program, Water Mission Area. Many helpful comments on the manuscript were provided by Leslie DeSimone, Joseph Ayotte, James Shanley, and three anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 43 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 593 EP 603 DI 10.1021/acs.est5b03671 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB5OL UT WOS:000368563400009 PM 26709616 ER PT J AU Corsi, SR Borchardt, MA Carvin, RB Burch, TR Spencer, SK Lutz, MA McDermott, CM Busse, KM Kleinheinz, GT Feng, XP Zhu, J AF Corsi, Steven R. Borchardt, Mark A. Carvin, Rebecca B. Burch, Tucker R. Spencer, Susan K. Lutz, Michelle A. McDermott, Colleen M. Busse, Kimberly M. Kleinheinz, Gregory T. Feng, Xiaoping Zhu, Jun TI Human and Bovine Viruses and Bacteria at Three Great Lakes Beaches: Environmental Variable Associations and Health Risk SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MICROBIOLOGICAL WATER-QUALITY; GLASS WOOL FILTERS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RECREATIONAL BEACHES; FECAL CONTAMINATION; SEPTIC SYSTEM; QUANTITATIVE PCR; SOURCE-TRACKING; COASTAL WATERS AB Waterborne pathogens were measured at three beaches in Lake Michigan, environmental factors for predicting pathogen concentrations were identified, and the risk of swimmer infection and illness was estimated. Waterborne pathogens were detected in 96% of samples collected at three Lake Michigan beaches in summer, 2010. Samples were quantified for 22 pathogens in four microbial categories (human viruses, bovine viruses, protozoa, and pathogenic bacteria). All beaches had detections of human and bovine viruses and pathogenic bacteria indicating influence of multiple contamination sources at these beaches. Occurrence ranged from 40 to 87% for human viruses, 65-87% for pathogenic bacteria, and 13-35% for bovine viruses. Enterovirus, adenovirus A, Salmonella spp., Campylobacter jejuni, bovine polyomavirus, and bovine rotavirus A were present most frequently. Variables selected in multiple regression models used to explore environmental factors that influence pathogens included wave direction, cloud cover, currents, and water temperature. Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment was done for C. jejuni, Salmonella spp., and enteroviruses to estimate risk of infection and illness. Median infection risks for one-time swimming events were approximately 3 x 10(-5), 7 x 10(-9), and 3 x 10(-7) for C. jejuni, Salmonella spp., and enteroviruses, respectively. Results highlight the importance of investigating multiple pathogens within multiple categories to avoid underestimating the prevalence and risk of waterborne pathogens. C1 [Corsi, Steven R.; Carvin, Rebecca B.; Lutz, Michelle A.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] ARS, USDA, 2615 Yellowstone Dr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. [McDermott, Colleen M.; Busse, Kimberly M.; Kleinheinz, Gregory T.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol & Microbiol, 800 Algoma Blvd, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. [Feng, Xiaoping; Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, 1300 Univ Ave, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Burch, Tucker R.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 2615 Yellowstone Dr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. RP Corsi, SR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM srcorsi@usgs.gov FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; USGS Ocean Research Priorities Plan FX We thank the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative and the USGS Ocean Research Priorities Plan for support. Sampling and laboratory assistance was provided by Linsi Whitman, Marvi Verma, Megan Giese, Dean Sanders, and Tyler Mickesh from University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh; Michael Lehr and Amanda Rader at University of Wisconsin-Manitowoc; and Jordan Gonnering, Hana Millen, and Austin Baldwin from the USGS Wisconsin Water Science Center. We thank Benjamin Siebers for providing original artwork for the Abstract. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 73 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 29 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 2 BP 987 EP 995 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04372 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DB5OL UT WOS:000368563400052 PM 26720156 ER PT J AU Zhang, YX Jacob, DJ Horowitz, HM Chen, L Amos, HM Krabbenhoft, DP Slemr, F St Louis, VL Sunderland, EM AF Zhang, Yanxu Jacob, Daniel J. Horowitz, Hannah M. Chen, Long Amos, Helen M. Krabbenhoft, David P. Slemr, Franz St Louis, Vincent L. Sunderland, Elsie M. TI Observed decrease in atmospheric mercury explained by global decline in anthropogenic emissions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mercury; trend; emission; atmosphere ID FIRED POWER-PLANT; WET DEPOSITION; TRENDS; PRECIPITATION; CANADA; OCEAN; SPECIATION; PATTERNS; IMPACTS; CHINA AB Observations of elemental mercury (Hg-0) at sites in North America and Europe show large decreases (similar to 1-2% y(-1)) from 1990 to present. Observations in background northern hemisphere air, including Mauna Loa Observatory (Hawaii) and CARIBIC (Civil Aircraft for the Regular Investigation of the atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container) aircraft flights, show weaker decreases (<1% y(-1)). These decreases are inconsistent with current global emission inventories indicating flat or increasing emissions over that period. However, the inventories have three major flaws: (i) they do not account for the decline in atmospheric release of Hg from commercial products; (ii) they are biased in their estimate of artisanal and small-scale gold mining emissions; and (iii) they do not properly account for the change in Hg-0/Hg-II speciation of emissions from coal-fired utilities after implementation of emission controls targeted at SO2 and NOx. We construct an improved global emission inventory for the period 1990 to 2010 accounting for the above factors and find a 20% decrease in total Hg emissions and a 30% decrease in anthropogenic Hg-0 emissions, with much larger decreases in North America and Europe offsetting the effect of increasing emissions in Asia. Implementation of our inventory in a global 3D atmospheric Hg simulation [GEOS-Chem (Goddard Earth Observing System-Chemistry)] coupled to land and ocean reservoirs reproduces the observed large-scale trends in atmospheric Hg-0 concentrations and in Hg-II wet deposition. The large trends observed in North America and Europe reflect the phase-out of Hg from commercial products as well as the cobenefit from SO2 and NOx emission controls on coal-fired utilities. C1 [Zhang, Yanxu; Jacob, Daniel J.; Horowitz, Hannah M.; Chen, Long; Amos, Helen M.; Sunderland, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, John A Paulson Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jacob, Daniel J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Chen, Long] Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Slemr, Franz] Max Planck Inst Chem, Dept Atmospher Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany. [St Louis, Vincent L.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada. [Sunderland, Elsie M.] Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Zhang, YX (reprint author), Harvard Univ, John A Paulson Sch Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM yxzhang@seas.harvard.edu RI Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014; St. Louis, Vincent/G-6842-2011; Zhang, Yanxu/E-8583-2013; Zhang, Yanxu/H-6165-2016; Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014 OI Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548; FU US National Science Foundation; US Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences TomKat Fund FX The authors acknowledge the Southeastern Aerosol Research and Characterization study; the Utah Division of Air Quality; and Kevan Carpenter, Robert Talbot, Robert Tordon, Dirk Felton, David Gay, and Miriam Pendleton of the Vermont Monitoring Cooperative for providing AMNet data. This work was funded by the US National Science Foundation, the US Geological Survey Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, and the Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences TomKat Fund. NR 46 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 21 U2 57 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 19 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 3 BP 526 EP 531 DI 10.1073/pnas.1516312113 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB4BX UT WOS:000368458800035 PM 26729866 ER PT J AU Fend, SV Liu, YK Steinmann, D Giere, O Barton, HA Luiszer, F Erseus, C AF Fend, Steven V. Liu, Yingkui Steinmann, David Giere, Olav Barton, Hazel A. Luiszer, Fred Erseus, Christer TI Limnodrilus sulphurensis n. sp., from a sulfur cave in Colorado, USA, with notes on the morphologically similar L. profundicola (Clitellata, Naididae, Tubificinae) SO ZOOTAXA LA English DT Article DE Annelida; Clitellata; Naididae; Tubificinae ID CLAPAREDE OLIGOCHAETA; AQUATIC OLIGOCHAETA; MARINE OLIGOCHAETA; CRYPTIC DIVERSITY; ANNELIDA; ECOLOGY; GENUS; LUMBRICULIDAE; ENCHYTRAEIDAE; BIOLOGY AB A new species of the tubificine genus Limnodrilus is described and COI barcoded from Sulphur Cave and associated springs in Colorado, USA. The habitats are characterized by high sulfide concentrations. The new species, L. sulphurensis, is distinguished from all congeners by the elongate, nearly parallel teeth of chaetae in its anterior segments. It has a penis sheath resembling that of L. profundicola; consequently, museum specimens and new collections are examined here to resolve some of the taxonomic confusion surrounding that widespread, but uncommon species. C1 [Fend, Steven V.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Liu, Yingkui; Erseus, Christer] Univ Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. [Steinmann, David] Denver Museum Nat & Sci, Denver, CO USA. [Giere, Olav] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Barton, Hazel A.] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Luiszer, Fred] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. RP Fend, SV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM svfend@usgs.gov NR 70 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU MAGNOLIA PRESS PI AUCKLAND PA PO BOX 41383, AUCKLAND, ST LUKES 1030, NEW ZEALAND SN 1175-5326 EI 1175-5334 J9 ZOOTAXA JI Zootaxa PD JAN 18 PY 2016 VL 4066 IS 4 BP 451 EP 468 PG 18 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DC7CX UT WOS:000369377500006 PM 27395846 ER PT J AU Witter, RC Carver, GA Briggs, RW Gelfenbaum, G Koehler, RD La Selle, S Bender, AM Engelhart, SE Hemphill-Haley, E Hill, TD AF Witter, Robert C. Carver, Gary A. Briggs, Richard W. Gelfenbaum, Guy Koehler, Richard D. La Selle, SeanPaul Bender, Adrian M. Engelhart, Simon E. Hemphill-Haley, Eileen Hill, Troy D. TI Unusually large tsunamis frequent a currently creeping part of the Aleutian megathrust SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Aleutian Subduction Zone; tsunamis; tsunami deposits; creep ID SEISMIC GAP HYPOTHESIS; TOHOKU-OKI TSUNAMI; EARTHQUAKE; MECHANISM; EROSION; FALLOUT; CHILE; KAUAI; COAST; SLIP AB Current models used to assess earthquake and tsunami hazards are inadequate where creep dominates a subduction megathrust. Here we report geological evidence for large tsunamis, occurring on average every 300-340years, near the source areas of the 1946 and 1957 Aleutian tsunamis. These areas bookend a postulated seismic gap over 200km long where modern geodetic measurements indicate that the megathrust is currently creeping. At Sedanka Island, evidence for large tsunamis includes six sand sheets that blanket a lowland facing the Pacific Ocean, rise to 15m above mean sea level, contain marine diatoms, cap terraces, adjoin evidence for scour, and date from the past 1700years. The youngest sheet and modern drift logs found as far as 800m inland and >18m elevation likely record the 1957 tsunami. Previously unrecognized tsunami sources coexist with a presently creeping megathrust along this part of the Aleutian Subduction Zone. C1 [Witter, Robert C.; Bender, Adrian M.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA. [Carver, Gary A.] Carver Geol, Kodiak, AK USA. [Briggs, Richard W.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA. [Gelfenbaum, Guy; La Selle, SeanPaul] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Koehler, Richard D.] Alaska Dept Nat Resources, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Koehler, Richard D.] Nevada Bur Mines & Geol, Reno, NV USA. [Engelhart, Simon E.] Univ Rhode Isl, Geosci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA. [Hemphill-Haley, Eileen] Humboldt State Univ, Geol, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Hill, Troy D.] Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. [Hill, Troy D.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Roberts Lab Ecosyst Ecol & Biogeochem, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA. RP Witter, RC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA. EM rwitter@usgs.gov OI Hill, Troy/0000-0003-2980-4099; Engelhart, Simon/0000-0002-4431-4664; Briggs, Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046 FU U.S. Geological Survey's Earthquake Hazards Program; Coastal and Marine Geology Program; USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Funding; Rhode Island Agricultural Experimental Station [5437] FX The U.S. Geological Survey's Earthquake Hazards Program and Coastal and Marine Geology Program funded this research. S. Engelhart was supported by USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Funding, and the Rhode Island Agricultural Experimental Station, contribution 5437. J. MacDonald, captain of the Miss Alyssa charter vessel, transported the research team to Sedanka Island. Conversations with P. Haeussler and P. Whitmore focused the study. E. Thoms developed a digital elevation model of the Stardust Bay lowland. A. Kemp assisted with analyses of 137Cs and 210Pb activity. A. Tam performed grain-size analysis. Reviews by J. Freymueller and D. Tappin improved the paper. Comments by D. Scholl, A. Nelson, and B. Atwater guided early drafts. Data used are presented in the figures and supporting information. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government. NR 52 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 12 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 76 EP 84 DI 10.1002/2015GL066083 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC1YJ UT WOS:000369014100010 ER PT J AU Pollitz, FF Mooney, WD AF Pollitz, Fred F. Mooney, Walter D. TI Seismic velocity structure of the crust and shallow mantle of the Central and Eastern United States by seismic surface wave imaging SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article DE surface waves; lithosphere; mantle ID LITHOSPHERE-ASTHENOSPHERE BOUNDARY; BENEATH NORTH-AMERICA; CAROLINA TROUGH; RECEIVER FUNCTIONS; JOINT INVERSION; PASSIVE MARGIN; FLOOD BASALTS; WESTERN US; TOMOGRAPHY; RIFT AB Seismic surface waves from the Transportable Array of EarthScope's USArray are used to estimate phase velocity structure of 18 to 125s Rayleigh waves, then inverted to obtain three-dimensional crust and upper mantle structure of the Central and Eastern United States (CEUS) down to approximate to 200km. The obtained lithosphere structure confirms previously imaged CEUS features, e.g., the low seismic-velocity signature of the Cambrian Reelfoot Rift and the very low velocity at >150km depth below an Eocene volcanic center in northwestern Virginia. New features include high-velocity mantle stretching from the Archean Superior Craton well into the Proterozoic terranes and deep low-velocity zones in central Texas (associated with the late Cretaceous Travis and Uvalde volcanic fields) and beneath the South Georgia Rift (which contains Jurassic basalts). Hot spot tracks may be associated with several imaged low-velocity zones, particularly those close to the former rifted Laurentia margin. C1 [Pollitz, Fred F.; Mooney, Walter D.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Pollitz, FF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM fpollitz@usgs.gov FU National Science Foundation; USGS Earthquake Hazards Program FX We thank Jeanne Hardebeck and Will Levandowski for internal reviews. This paper benefitted from the constructive criticisms of two anonymous reviewers and Associate Editor Michael Wysession. Seismic waveform data were obtained from the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) Data Management Center that is funded by the National Science Foundation. The ongoing support of the USGS Earthquake Hazards Program and interest of Rob Williams (USGS CEUS regional coordinator) are gratefully acknowledged. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 6 U2 20 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 EI 1944-8007 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD JAN 16 PY 2016 VL 43 IS 1 BP 118 EP 126 DI 10.1002/2015GL066637 PG 9 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DC1YJ UT WOS:000369014100015 ER PT J AU Lowenstern, JB Hurwitz, S McGeehin, JP AF Lowenstern, Jacob B. Hurwitz, Shaul McGeehin, John P. TI Radiocarbon dating of silica sinter deposits in shallow drill cores from the Upper Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; HOT-SPRINGS; C-14 DATA; USA; EVOLUTION; DYNAMICS; LAKE AB To explore the timing of hydrothermal activity at the Upper Geyser Basin (UGB) in Yellowstone National Park, we obtained seven new accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon C-14 ages of carbonaceous material trapped within siliceous sinter. Five samples came from depths of 15-152 cm within the Y-1 well, and two samples were from well Y-7 (depths of 24 cm and 122 cm). These two wells, at Black Sand and Biscuit Basins, respectively, were drilled in 1967 as part of a scientific drilling program by the U.S. Geological Survey (White et al., 1975). Even with samples as small as 15 g, we obtained sufficient carbonaceous material (a mixture of thermophilic mats, pollen, and charcoal) for the C-14 analyses. Apparent time of deposition ranged from 3775 +/- 25 and 2910 +/- 30 C-14 years BP at the top of the cores to about 8000 years BP at the bottom. The dates are consistent with variable rates of sinter formation at individual sites within the UGB over the Holocene. On a basin-wide scale, though, these and other existing C-14 dates hint that hydrothermal activity at the UGB may have been continuous throughout the Holocene. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lowenstern, Jacob B.; Hurwitz, Shaul] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [McGeehin, John P.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Lowenstern, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM jlwnstrn@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program FX We appreciate assistance by staff of the USGS Denver Core Repository. L. Morgan and P. Shanks helped choose samples from the Y-1, Y-7, and other cores. R. Fournier, D. Foley, and H. Heasler gave encouragement and advice before and during this short project. D. Wahl provided guidance on the carbon separations with HF. L. Hayden assisted with the SEM. K. Campbell, P. Muffler, L Morgan, and an anonymous reviewer commented on the manuscript. This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-0273 EI 1872-6097 J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 310 BP 132 EP 136 DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2015.12.005 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DF4ZT UT WOS:000371362300012 ER PT J AU Sharma, P Grabowski, TB Patino, R AF Sharma, Prakash Grabowski, Timothy B. Patino, Reynaldo TI Thyroid endocrine disruption and external body morphology of Zebrafish SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Teleost; Thyroid; Body shape; Paired fins; Metamorphosis ID DANIO-RERIO; SEX-RATIOS; HORMONE; METAMORPHOSIS; PERCHLORATE; THYROXINE; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; LARVAE; PHENYLTHIOUREA AB This study examined the effects thyroid-active compounds during early development on body morphology of Zebrafish (Danio rerio). Three-day postfertilization (dpf) larvae were exposed to goitrogen [methimazole (MZ, 0.15 mM)], combination of MZ (0.15 mM) and thyroxine (T4, 2 nM), T4 (2 nM), or control (reconstituted water) treatments until 33 dpf and subsequently maintained in reconstituted water until 45 dpf. Samples were taken at 33 and 45 dpf for multivariate analysis of geometric distances between selected homologous landmarks placed on digital images of fish, and for histological assessment of thyrocytes. Body mass, standard length, and pectoral fin length were separately measured on remaining fish at 45 dpf. Histological analysis confirmed the hypothyroid effect (increased thyrocyte height) of MZ and rescue effect of T4 co-administration. Geometric distance analysis showed that pectoral and pelvic fins shifted backward along the rostrocaudal axis under hypothyroid conditions at 45 dpf and that T4 co-treatment prevented this shift. Pectoral fin length at 45 dpf was reduced by exposure to MZ and rescued by co-administration of T4, but it was not associated with standard length. Methimazole caused a reduction in body mass and length at 45 dpf that could not be rescued by T4 co-administration, and non thyroidal effects of MZ on body shape were also recognized at 33 and 45 dpf. Alterations in the length and position of paired fins caused by exposure to thyroid-disrupting chemicals during early development, as shown here for Zebrafish, could affect physical aspects of locomotion and consequently other important organismal functions such as foraging, predator avoidance, and ultimately survival and recruitment into the adult population. Results of this study also suggest the need to include rescue treatments in endocrine disruption studies that rely on goitrogens as reference for thyroid-mediated effects. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Sharma, Prakash] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Sharma, Prakash] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Grabowski, Timothy B.; Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Sharma, Prakash] ICAR Directorate Cold Water Fisheries Res, Bhimtal 263136, Uttarakhand, India. RP Patino, R (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM reynaldo.patino@ttu.edu NR 39 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 15 U2 19 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0016-6480 EI 1095-6840 J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 226 BP 42 EP 49 DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.12.023 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA DE2PE UT WOS:000370468400006 PM 26723187 ER PT J AU Shively, DA Nevers, MB Breitenbach, C Phanikumar, MS Przybyla-Kelly, K Spoljaric, AM Whitman, RL AF Shively, Dawn A. Nevers, Meredith B. Breitenbach, Cathy Phanikumar, Mantha S. Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia Spoljaric, Ashley M. Whitman, Richard L. TI Prototypic automated continuous recreational water quality monitoring of nine Chicago beaches SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Escherichia coli; Beach management; Water quality standards; Predictive empirical modeling; Great Lakes ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI CONCENTRATIONS; SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; PREDICTIVE MODELS; NEURAL-NETWORKS; EMBAYED BEACH; GREAT-LAKES; COASTAL; POLLUTION; PREDICTABILITY AB Predictive empirical modeling is used in many locations worldwide as a rapid, alternative recreational water quality management tool to eliminate delayed notifications associated with traditional fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) culturing (referred to as the persistence model, PM) and to prevent errors in releasing swimming advisories. The goal of this study was to develop a fully automated water quality management system for multiple beaches using predictive empirical models (EM) and state-of-the-art technology. Many recent EMs rely on samples or data collected manually, which adds to analysis time and increases the burden to the beach manager. In this study, data from water quality buoys and weather stations were transmitted through cellular telemetry to a web hosting service. An executable program simultaneously retrieved and aggregated data for regression equations and calculated EM results each morning at 9:30 AM; results were transferred through RSS feed to a website, mapped to each beach, and received by the lifeguards to be posted at the beach. Models were initially developed for five beaches, but by the third year, 21 beaches were managed using refined and validated modeling systems. The adjusted R-2 of the regressions relating Escherichia coli to hydrometeorological variables for the EMs were greater than those for the PMs, and ranged from 0.220 to 0.390 (2011) and 0.103 to 0.381 (2012). Validation results in 2013 revealed reduced predictive capabilities; however, three of the originally modeled beaches showed improvement in 2013 compared to 2012. The EMs generally showed higher accuracy and specificity than those of the PMs, and sensitivity was low for both approaches. In 2012 EM accuracy was 70-97%; specificity, 71-100%; and sensitivity, 0-64% and in 2013 accuracy was 68-97%; specificity, 73 100%; and sensitivity 0-36%. Factors that may have affected model capabilities include instrument malfunction, non-point source inputs, and sparse calibration data. The modeling system developed is the most extensive, fully-automated system for recreational water quality developed to date. Key insights for refining and improving large-scale empirical models for beach management have been developed through this multi-year effort. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Shively, Dawn A.; Nevers, Meredith B.; Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia; Spoljaric, Ashley M.; Whitman, Richard L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA. [Shively, Dawn A.; Phanikumar, Mantha S.; Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia; Spoljaric, Ashley M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Breitenbach, Cathy] Chicago Pk Dist, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Nevers, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1574 N Cty Rd 300E, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA. EM mnevers@usgs.gov OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734; Shively, Dawn/0000-0002-6119-924X FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative [GL00E00562] FX This article is Contribution 1979 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. Thank you to Marek Stankowski, Zhongfu Ge, and Doug Nguyen for participating in instrument installation, maintenance, and instrument removal. This research was funded in part through a grant from the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative, Grant GL00E00562. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0301-4797 EI 1095-8630 J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE JI J. Environ. Manage. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 166 BP 285 EP 293 DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.10.011 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA4GD UT WOS:000367757200031 PM 26517277 ER PT J AU Hladik, ML Vandever, M Smalling, KL AF Hladik, Michelle L. Vandever, Mark Smalling, Kelly L. TI Exposure of native bees foraging in an agricultural landscape to current-use pesticides SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Native bees; Crop production; Agroecosystems; Pesticides ID WILD BEES; HYMENOPTERA; NEONICOTINOIDS; DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; INCREASE; HONEY; RISK AB The awareness of insects as pollinators and indicators of environmental quality has grown in recent years, partially in response to declines in honey bee (Apis mellifera) populations. While most pesticide research has focused on honey bees, there has been less work on native bee populations. To determine the exposure of native bees to pesticides, bees were collected from an existing research area in northeastern Colorado in both grasslands (20132014) and wheat fields (2014). Traps were deployed bi-monthly during the summer at each land cover type and all bees, regardless of species, were composited as whole samples and analyzed for 136 current-use pesticides and degradates. This reconnaissance approach provides a sampling of all species and represents overall pesticide exposure (internal and external). Nineteen pesticides and degradates were detected in 54 composite samples collected. Compounds detected in >2% of the samples included: insecticides thiamethoxam (46%), bifenthrin (28%), clothianidin (24%), chlorpyrifos (17%), imidacloprid (13%), fipronil desulfinyl (7%; degradate); fungicides azoxystrobin (17%), pyraclostrobin (11%), fluxapyroxad (9%), and propiconazole (9%); herbicides atrazine (19%) andmetolachlor (9%). Concentrations ranged from 1 to 310 ng/g for individual pesticides. Pesticides were detected in samples collected from both grasslands and wheat fields; the location of the sample and the surrounding land cover at the 1000 m radius influenced the pesticides detected but because of a small number of temporally comparable samples, correlations between pesticide concentration and land cover were not significant. The results show native bees collected in an agricultural landscape are exposed to multiple pesticides, these results can direct future research on routes/timing of pesticide exposure and the design of future conservation efforts for pollinators. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Hladik, Michelle L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Vandever, Mark] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Smalling, Kelly L.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA. RP Hladik, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. EM mhladik@usgs.gov; vandeverm@usgs.gov; ksmall@usgs.gov OI Hladik, Michelle/0000-0002-0891-2712 FU USGS Ecosystems Program; USDA Farm Service Agency; USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program FX We would like to thank Bill Iko, Laura Ellison, Katherine Odanaka, Laura Pulscher, Katie Fialko, Jennifer Swanson, and Tyler Hammans for sample collection. Corey Sanders, Matthew De Parsia, and Megan McWayne processed the bees for pesticide analysis. James Orlando assisted with the site map. Aaron Freeman provided GIS support. Kathryn Kuivila and Tom Steeger provided valuable comments to the manuscript. Funding was provided by the USGS Ecosystems Program, USDA Farm Service Agency, and USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 34 U2 212 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 542 BP 469 EP 477 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.077 PN A PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CX3MC UT WOS:000365602100048 PM 26520270 ER PT J AU Zipper, CE Donovan, PF Jones, JW Li, J Price, JE Stewart, RE AF Zipper, Carl E. Donovan, Patricia F. Jones, Jess W. Li, Jing Price, Jennifer E. Stewart, Roger E. TI Spatial and temporal relationships among watershed mining, water quality, and freshwater mussel status in an eastern USA river SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Coal mining; Conductivity; Major ions; Freshwater salinization; Specific conductance; Total dissolved solids ID SOUTHERN WEST-VIRGINIA; VALLEY FILLS; CLINCH RIVER; COAL-MINE; CENTRAL APPALACHIA; HEADWATER STREAMS; SEDIMENT QUALITY; ACUTE TOXICITY; UNITED-STATES; VILLOSA-IRIS AB The Powell River of southwestern Virginia and northeastern Tennessee, USA, drains a watershed with extensive coal surface mining, and it hosts exceptional biological richness, including at-risk species of freshwater mussels, downstream of mining-disturbed watershed areas. We investigated spatial and temporal patterns of watershed mining disturbance; their relationship to water quality change in the section of the river that connects mining areas to mussel habitat; and relationships of mining-related water constituents to measures of recent and past mussel status. Freshwater mussels in the Powell River have experienced significant declines over the past 3.5 decades. Over that same period, surface coal mining has influenced the watershed. Water-monitoring data collected by state and federal agencies demonstrate that dissolved solids and associated constituents that are commonly influenced by Appalachian mining (specific conductance, pH, hardness and sulfates) have experienced increasing temporal trends from the 1960s through similar to 2008; but, of those constituents, only dissolved solids concentrations are available widely within the Powell River since similar to 2008. Dissolved solids concentrations have stabilized in recent years. Dissolved solids, specific conductance, pH, and sulfates also exhibited spatial patterns that are consistent with dilution of mining influence with increasing distance from mined areas. Freshwater mussel status indicators are correlated negatively with dissolved solids concentrations, spatially and temporally, but the direct causal mechanisms responsible for mussel declines remain unknown. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zipper, Carl E.; Donovan, Patricia F.; Price, Jennifer E.] Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Jones, Jess W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Jones, Jess W.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Li, Jing] China Univ Min & Technol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Stewart, Roger E.] Virginia Dept Environm Qual, Richmond, VA 23218 USA. RP Zipper, CE (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Crop & Soil Environm Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM czip@vt.edu FU US Office of Surface Mining; Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy; US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 4; Nature Conservancy; Clinch-Powell Clean Rivers Initiative Steering Committee; China Scholarship Council; US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 3 FX The authors express sincere thanks to the following for providing funding for the research that led to this article: US Office of Surface Mining; Virginia Department of Mines, Minerals and Energy; US Environmental Protection Agency, Regions 3 and 4. Thanks to Brad Kreps and Braven Beaty, The Nature Conservancy, and other members of the Clinch-Powell Clean Rivers Initiative Steering Committee for efforts to arrange the funding. Thanks also to Bev Brown, Tennessee Department of Environmental Conservation, for providing data and other assistance. Thanks to China Scholarship Council for supporting Dr. Jing Li's visit to the US; and thanks to Randolph Wynne and to Adam Oliphant for their assistance to her work while here. Thanks to Chris Franck, Virginia Tech Department of Statistics, for his advice on statistical issues, for running the modeling procedures reported in Table 3. The views expressed in this article are the authors' and do not necessarily represent those of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. Co-authors are listed alphabetically; all contributed equally to the manuscript. NR 98 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 39 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 541 BP 603 EP 615 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.09.104 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW8ZY UT WOS:000365289300065 PM 26437340 ER PT J AU Guo, HM Jia, YF Wanty, RB Jiang, YX Zhao, WG Xiu, W Shen, JX Li, Y Cao, YS Wu, Y Zhang, D Wei, C Zhang, YL Cao, WG Foster, A AF Guo, Huaming Jia, Yongfeng Wanty, Richard B. Jiang, Yuxiao Zhao, Weiguang Xiu, Wei Shen, Jiaxing Li, Yuan Cao, Yongsheng Wu, Yang Zhang, Di Wei, Chao Zhang, Yilong Cao, Wengeng Foster, Andrea TI Contrasting distributions of groundwater arsenic and uranium in the western Hetao basin, Inner Mongolia: Implication for origins and fate controls SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Redox-sensitive element; Reductive dissolution; Oxidative dissolution; As species; U species; Coprecipitation ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION PROCEDURE; DRINKING-WATER; SHALLOW GROUNDWATER; DATONG BASIN; TRACE-ELEMENTS; COMPETITIVE ADSORPTION; GEOCHEMICAL BEHAVIOR; REDUCING CONDITIONS; BIOGENIC URANINITE; SEDIMENTARY BASINS AB Although As concentrations have been investigated in shallow groundwater from the Hetao basin, China, less is known about U and As distributions in deep groundwater, which would help to better understand their origins and fate controls. Two hundred and ninety-nine groundwater samples, 122 sediment samples, and 14 rock samples were taken from the northwest portion of the Hetao basin, and analyzed for geochemical parameters. Results showed contrasting distributions of groundwater U and As, with high U and low As concentrations in the alluvial fans along the basin margins, and low U and high As concentrations downgradient in the flat plain. The probable sources of both As and U in groundwater were ultimately traced to the bedrocks in the local mountains (the Langshan Mountains). Chemical weathering of U-bearing rocks (schist, phyllite, and carbonate veins) released and mobilized U as UO2(CO3)(2)(2-) and UO2(CO3)(3)(4-) species in the alluvial fans under oxic conditions and suboxic conditions where reductions of Mn and NO3- were favorable (OSO), resulting in high groundwater U concentrations. Conversely, the recentweathering of As-bearing rocks (schist, phyllite, and sulfides) led to the formation of As-bearing Fe(III) (hydr) oxides in sediments, resulting in low groundwater As concentrations. Arsenicmobilization and U immobilization occurred in suboxic conditions where reduction of Fe(III) oxides was favorable and reducing conditions (SOR). Reduction of As-bearing Fe(III) (hydr) oxides, which were formed during palaeo-weathering and transported and deposited as Quaternary aquifer sediments, was believed to release As into groundwater. Reduction of U(VI) to U(IV) would lead to the formation of uraninite, and therefore remove U from groundwater. We conclude that the contrasting distributions of groundwater As and U present a challenge to ensuring safe drinking water in analogous areas, especially with high background values of U and As. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Guo, Huaming; Xiu, Wei; Li, Yuan; Wu, Yang] China Univ Geosci, State Key Lab Biogeol & Environm Geol, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Guo, Huaming; Jia, Yongfeng; Jiang, Yuxiao; Zhao, Weiguang; Xiu, Wei; Shen, Jiaxing; Li, Yuan; Cao, Yongsheng; Zhang, Di; Wei, Chao] China Univ Geosci, Sch Water Resources & Environm, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. [Wanty, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, MS Denver Fed Ctr 964D, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Wei, Chao] Natl Inst Metrol, Beijing 100013, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yilong; Cao, Wengeng] China Acad Geol Sci, Inst Hydrogeol & Environm Geol, Shijiazhuang 050061, Hebei, Peoples R China. [Foster, Andrea] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Guo, HM (reprint author), China Univ Geosci, Sch Water Resources & Environm, Beijing 100083, Peoples R China. EM hmguo@cugb.edu.cn RI Guo, Huaming/E-7372-2010; OI Guo, Huaming/0000-0002-4408-8775; Shen, Jiaxing/0000-0002-0679-7706 FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41222020, 41172224]; China Geology Survey [12120113103700]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2652013028]; Fok Ying-Tung Education Foundation, China [131017] FX The study was financially supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41222020 and 41172224), the program of China Geology Survey (No. 12120113103700), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 2652013028), and the Fok Ying-Tung Education Foundation, China (Grant No. 131017). The authors would like to thank the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility (Beamlines BL14W1 and BL15U1) and its staff (Z. Jiang, S. Zhang, X. Yu, and A. Li) for allowing us to perform the EXAFS and XANES analyses. The Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource was also acknowledged. Constructive comments from Associate Editor Dr. Filip Tack and two anonymous reviewers are much appreciated. NR 129 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 9 U2 54 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 EI 1879-1026 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD JAN 15 PY 2016 VL 541 BP 1172 EP 1190 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.10.018 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA CW8ZY UT WOS:000365289300121 PM 26473717 ER PT J AU Metcalf, JL Xu, ZZ Weiss, S Lax, S Van Treuren, W Hyde, ER Song, SJ Amir, A Larsen, P Sangwan, N Haarmann, D Humphrey, GC Ackermann, G Thompson, LR Lauber, C Bibat, A Nicholas, C Gebert, MJ Petrosino, JF Reed, SC Gilbert, JA Lynne, AM Bucheli, SR Carter, DO Knight, R AF Metcalf, Jessica L. Xu, Zhenjiang Zech Weiss, Sophie Lax, Simon Van Treuren, Will Hyde, Embriette R. Song, Se Jin Amir, Amnon Larsen, Peter Sangwan, Naseer Haarmann, Daniel Humphrey, Greg C. Ackermann, Gail Thompson, Luke R. Lauber, Christian Bibat, Alexander Nicholas, Catherine Gebert, Matthew J. Petrosino, Joseph F. Reed, Sasha C. Gilbert, Jack A. Lynne, Aaron M. Bucheli, Sibyl R. Carter, David O. Knight, Rob TI Microbial community assembly and metabolic function during mammalian corpse decomposition SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; BIODIVERSITY; SUCCESSION; CARRION AB Vertebrate corpse decomposition provides an important stage in nutrient cycling in most terrestrial habitats, yet microbially mediated processes are poorly understood. Here we combine deep microbial community characterization, community-level metabolic reconstruction, and soil biogeochemical assessment to understand the principles governing microbial community assembly during decomposition of mouse and human corpses on different soil substrates. We find a suite of bacterial and fungal groups that contribute to nitrogen cycling and a reproducible network of decomposers that emerge on predictable time scales. Our results show that this decomposer community is derived primarily from bulk soil, but key decomposers are ubiquitous in low abundance. Soil type was not a dominant factor driving community development, and the process of decomposition is sufficiently reproducible to offer new opportunities for forensic investigations. C1 [Metcalf, Jessica L.; Song, Se Jin] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Metcalf, Jessica L.; Xu, Zhenjiang Zech; Hyde, Embriette R.; Song, Se Jin; Amir, Amnon; Humphrey, Greg C.; Ackermann, Gail; Thompson, Luke R.; Knight, Rob] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92037 USA. [Weiss, Sophie] Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Lax, Simon; Larsen, Peter; Sangwan, Naseer; Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Lax, Simon; Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Inst Genom & Syst Biol, Chicago, IL USA. [Van Treuren, Will] Stanford Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Larsen, Peter; Sangwan, Naseer; Gilbert, Jack A.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Sangwan, Naseer; Gilbert, Jack A.] Univ Chicago, Dept Surg, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Haarmann, Daniel; Lynne, Aaron M.; Bucheli, Sibyl R.] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntsville, TX 77340 USA. [Lauber, Christian] Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne, Nestle Inst Hlth Sci, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. [Bibat, Alexander; Nicholas, Catherine; Gebert, Matthew J.] Univ Colorado, BioFrontiers Inst, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Petrosino, Joseph F.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Alkek Ctr Metagen & Microbiome Res, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Reed, Sasha C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA. [Gilbert, Jack A.] Marine Biol Lab, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. [Carter, David O.] Chaminade Univ Honolulu, Div Nat Sci & Math, Forens Sci Unit, Lab Forens Taphon, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. [Knight, Rob] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, San Diego, CA 92037 USA. RP Metcalf, JL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM jessica.metcalf@colorado.edu; robknight@ucsd.edu FU Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice [NIJ-2011-DN-BX-K533, NIJ-2012-DN-BX-K023]; NIH Building Research Infrastructure and Capacity Program [P789097-876]; National Human Genome Research Institute [3 R01 HG004872-03S2]; NIH [5 U01 HG004866-04]; Templeton Foundation FX The data reported in this paper are available in the Qiita database (http://qiita.ucsd.edu/) (accession numbers 10141 to 10143 and 10321) and the European Bioinformatics Institute European Nucleotide Archive (www.ebi.ac.uk/ena) (accession numbers ERP012866, ERP012879, ERP012880, and ERP012894). We thank the donors and their families for their contribution to scientific research; the STAFS Facility at SHSU and the Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Transgenic Facility at the University of Colorado, Boulder, for providing the space and opportunity for this research; N. Fierer, J. Zelikova, and J. Leff for assistance with project logistics and data processing; and the Mountain Research Station and Shortgrass Steppe Long Term Ecological Research for permission to collect soils. Mice were euthanized humanely under approved protocol no. 08-04-ACK-01 (principal investigator G.A.). This research was funded by the Office of Justice Programs National Institute of Justice Awards NIJ-2011-DN-BX-K533 (J.L.M., D.O.C., R.K.) and NIJ-2012-DN-BX-K023 (S.R.B. and A.M.L.). Research capacity and infrastructure at Chaminade University of Honolulu is supported by NIH Building Research Infrastructure and Capacity Program P789097-876. W.V.T. and S.W. were supported by the National Human Genome Research Institute grant 3 R01 HG004872-03S2, and NIH grant 5 U01 HG004866-04. J.L.M. was partially supported by a Templeton Foundation grant (R.K. and V. McKenzie). Use of trade, product, or firm names is for informational purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement by the U.S. government. J.F.P. is Chief Scientific Officer and Founder of Diversigen; C.N. is an employee of miRagen Therapeutics; and R.K. is Chief Science Officer and employee of Biota Technology, a member of the Scientific Advisory Panel at Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, and a speaker at Nestec, Nestle Research Center. NR 15 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 31 U2 103 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 8 PY 2016 VL 351 IS 6269 BP 158 EP 162 DI 10.1126/science.aad2646 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA4XQ UT WOS:000367806500038 PM 26657285 ER PT J AU Kargel, JS Leonard, GJ Shugar, DH Haritashya, UK Bevington, A Fielding, EJ Fujita, K Geertsema, M Miles, ES Steiner, J Anderson, E Bajracharya, S Bawden, GW Breashears, DF Byers, A Collins, B Dhital, MR Donnellan, A Evans, TL Geai, ML Glasscoe, MT Green, D Gurung, DR Heijenk, R Hilborn, A Hudnut, K Huyck, C Immerzeel, WW Jiang, LM Jibson, R Kaab, A Khanal, NR Kirschbaum, D Kraaijenbrink, PDA Lamsal, D Liu, SY Lv, MY McKinney, D Nahirnick, NK Nan, ZT Ojha, S Olsenholler, J Painter, TH Pleasants, M Pratima, KC Yuan, QI Raup, BH Regmi, D Rounce, DR Sakai, A Donghui, S Shea, JM Shrestha, AB Shukla, A Stumm, D van der Kooij, M Voss, K Xin, W Weihs, B Wolfe, D Wu, LZ Yao, XJ Yoder, MR Young, N AF Kargel, J. S. Leonard, G. J. Shugar, D. H. Haritashya, U. K. Bevington, A. Fielding, E. J. Fujita, K. Geertsema, M. Miles, E. S. Steiner, J. Anderson, E. Bajracharya, S. Bawden, G. W. Breashears, D. F. Byers, A. Collins, B. Dhital, M. R. Donnellan, A. Evans, T. L. Geai, M. L. Glasscoe, M. T. Green, D. Gurung, D. R. Heijenk, R. Hilborn, A. Hudnut, K. Huyck, C. Immerzeel, W. W. Jiang Liming Jibson, R. Kaab, A. Khanal, N. R. Kirschbaum, D. Kraaijenbrink, P. D. A. Lamsal, D. Liu Shiyin Lv Mingyang McKinney, D. Nahirnick, N. K. Nan Zhuotong Ojha, S. Olsenholler, J. Painter, T. H. Pleasants, M. Pratima, K. C. Yuan, Q. I. Raup, B. H. Regmi, D. Rounce, D. R. Sakai, A. Donghui, Shangguan Shea, J. M. Shrestha, A. B. Shukla, A. Stumm, D. van der Kooij, M. Voss, K. Xin, Wang Weihs, B. Wolfe, D. Wu Lizong Yao Xiaojun Yoder, M. R. Young, N. TI Geomorphic and geologic controls of geohazards induced by Nepal's 2015 Gorkha earthquake SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID 2008 WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE; INDUCED LANDSLIDES; LARGE ROCKSLIDES; GLACIERS; DISPLACEMENT; TOPOGRAPHY; CALIFORNIA; AFTERSHOCK; MOUNTAINS; HIMALAYAS AB The Gorkha earthquake (magnitude 7.8) on 25 April 2015 and later aftershocks struck South Asia, killing similar to 9000 people and damaging a large region. Supported by a large campaign of responsive satellite data acquisitions over the earthquake disaster zone, our team undertook a satellite image survey of the earthquakes' induced geohazards in Nepal and China and an assessment of the geomorphic, tectonic, and lithologic controls on quake-induced landslides. Timely analysis and communication aided response and recovery and informed decision-makers. We mapped 4312 coseismic and postseismic landslides. We also surveyed 491 glacier lakes for earthquake damage but found only nine landslide-impacted lakes and no visible satellite evidence of outbursts. Landslide densities correlate with slope, peak ground acceleration, surface downdrop, and specific metamorphic lithologies and large plutonic intrusions. C1 [Kargel, J. S.; Leonard, G. J.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Shugar, D. H.] Univ Washington, Sch Interdisciplinary Arts & Sci, Tacoma, WA USA. [Haritashya, U. K.; Pleasants, M.] Univ Dayton, Dept Geol, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. [Bevington, A.; Geertsema, M.; Heijenk, R.] Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resource Operat, Prince George, BC, Canada. [Fielding, E. J.; Donnellan, A.; Glasscoe, M. T.; Lamsal, D.; Ojha, S.; Painter, T. H.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA. [Fujita, K.; Sakai, A.] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Environm Studies, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Miles, E. S.] Univ Cambridge, Scott Polar Res Inst, Cambridge CB2 1ER, England. [Steiner, J.] Fed Inst Technol ETH, Inst Environm Engn, Zurich, Switzerland. [Anderson, E.] NASA, George C Marshall Space Flight Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35812 USA. [Bajracharya, S.; Gurung, D. R.; Khanal, N. R.; Shea, J. M.; Shrestha, A. B.; Stumm, D.] Int Ctr Integrated Mt Dev, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Bawden, G. W.; Green, D.] NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC USA. [Breashears, D. F.] GlacierWorks, Marblehead, MA USA. [Byers, A.] Mt Inst, Elkins, WV USA. [Collins, B.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Dhital, M. R.] Tribhuvan Univ, Cent Dept Geol, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Evans, T. L.; Hilborn, A.; Nahirnick, N. K.] Univ Victoria, Dept Geog, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Geai, M. L.] CVA Engn, Suresnes, France. [Hudnut, K.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Huyck, C.] ImageCat, Long Beach, CA USA. [Immerzeel, W. W.; Kraaijenbrink, P. D. A.] Univ Utrecht, Fac Geosci, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Jiang Liming] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geodesy & Geophys, State Key Lab Geodesy & Earths Dynam, Wuhan, Hubei Province, Peoples R China. [Jibson, R.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO USA. [Kaab, A.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Oslo, Norway. [Kirschbaum, D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Lab, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Liu Shiyin; Yuan, Q. I.; Donghui, Shangguan] Chinese Acad Sci, Cold & Arid Reg Environm & Engn Res Inst, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Lv Mingyang; Wu Lizong] Nanjing Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Nanjing 210008, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [McKinney, D.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Nan Zhuotong] Nanjing Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Olsenholler, J.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX USA. [Pratima, K. C.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Arizona Remote Sensing Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Raup, B. H.] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Regmi, D.] Himalayan Res Ctr, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Rounce, D. R.] Univ Texas Austin, Environm & Water Resources Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Shukla, A.] Wadia Inst Himalayan Geol, Dehra Dun, India. [Shukla, A.; van der Kooij, M.] MacDonald Dettwiler & Associates GSI, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Voss, K.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Xin, Wang] Hunan Univ Sci & Technol, Coll Architecture & Urban Planning, Xiangtan, Peoples R China. [Weihs, B.] Kansas State Univ, Dept Geog, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Wolfe, D.] Global Land Ice Measurements Space GLIMS Steward, Anchorage, AK USA. [Yao Xiaojun] Northwest Normal Univ, Coll Geog Sci & Environm, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yoder, M. R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Phys, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Young, N.] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas, Australia. RP Kargel, JS (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM kargel@hwr.arizona.edu; dshugar@uw.edu; uharitashya1@udayton.edu RI Fujita, Koji/E-6104-2010; westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/O-2255-2013; Hudnut, Kenneth/B-1945-2009; Painter, Thomas/B-7806-2016; OI Fujita, Koji/0000-0003-3753-4981; westgis.CAREERI, SCI paper/0000-0001-5298-1494; Hudnut, Kenneth/0000-0002-3168-4797; Immerzeel, Walter/0000-0002-2010-9543; Pleasants, Mark/0000-0002-9864-5282; Miles, Evan/0000-0001-5446-8571 FU NASA SERVIR Applied Science Team; NASA Cryosphere Program; Hakai Institute; NASA; ICIMOD; Chinese Academy of Sciences [784]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41431070, 41321063] FX J.S.K., G.J.L., and U.K.H. thank the NASA SERVIR Applied Science Team and NASA Cryosphere Program for support. D.H.S. thanks the Hakai Institute for support. Part of this research was sponsored by the NASA Earth Surface and Interior focus area and performed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. We gratefully acknowledge support from several "citizen scientists" who provided key observations and reports from various locations in Nepal: D. Rai, J.B. Rai, N. Sapkota, M. Dhan Rai, and M. Gotame, who made on-site inspections and photo documentation of Thulagi (Dona) Lake, Rolpa Lake, Kali Gandaki, and "Lower Pisang" landslide dammed lake. ASTER data are courtesy of NASA/GSFC/METI/Japan Space Systems, the U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team, and GLIMS. We especially laud DigitalGlobe's decision to acquire and make available a vast volume of data for analysis related to Gorkha earthquake response. We thank C. Liang for processing the ALOS-2 wide-swath interferogram. Original ALOS-2 data are copyright 2015 JAXA. This study was partially supported by core funds of ICIMOD contributed by the governments of Afghanistan, Australia, Austria, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal, Norway, Pakistan, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. This study was partially supported by the Hundred Talents Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant 784) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grants 41431070 and 41321063). The two chief databases produced by this work are available at ICIMOD (landslides, http://rds.icimod.org/Home/DataDetail?metadataId=24055; and glacial lakes, http://rds.icimod.org/Home/DataDetail?metadataId=24065). NR 62 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 26 U2 90 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD JAN 8 PY 2016 VL 351 IS 6269 AR aac8353 DI 10.1126/science.aac8353 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA4XQ UT WOS:000367806500032 ER PT J AU Quijano, JC Jackson, PR Santacruz, S Morales, VM Garcia, MH AF Quijano, Juan C. Jackson, P. Ryan Santacruz, Santiago Morales, Viviana M. Garcia, Marcelo H. TI Implications of Climate Change on the Heat Budget of Lentic Systems Used for Power Station Cooling: Case Study Clinton Lake, Illinois SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLOBAL WATER-RESOURCES; MODEL; RISK AB We use a numerical model to analyze the impact of climate change in particular higher air temperatures on a nuclear power station that recirculates the water from a reservoir for cooling. The model solves the hydrodynamics, the transfer of heat in the reservoir, and the energy balance at the surface. We use the numerical model to (i) quantify the heat budget in the reservoir and determine how this budget is affected by the combined effect of the power station and climate change and (ii) quantify the impact of climate change on both the downstream thermal pollution and the power station capacity. We consider four different scenarios of climate change. Results of simulations show that climate change will reduce the ability to dissipate heat to the atmosphere and therefore the cooling capacity of the reservoir. We observed an increase of 25% in the thermal load downstream of the reservoir, and a reduction in the capacity of the power station of 18% during the summer months for the worst-case climate change scenario tested. These results suggest that climate change is an important threat for both the downstream thermal pollution and the generation of electricity by power stations that use lentic systems for cooling. C1 [Quijano, Juan C.; Santacruz, Santiago; Morales, Viviana M.; Garcia, Marcelo H.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Jackson, P. Ryan] US Geol Survey, Illinois Water Sci Ctr, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Quijano, JC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 205 North Mathews Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM quijano2@illinois.edu OI Jackson, P. Ryan/0000-0002-3154-6108 FU Exelon Corporation; government of Colombia; government of United States of America FX We thank the U.S. Geological Survey, and in particular Dr. David Soong for providing the estimations of water flow and temperature from the tributaries for model calibration. We also thank Professor Praveen Kumar and Dongkook Woo for providing time series of stochastically generated climate. This work was funded, in part, by Exelon Corporation and we thank them for providing the funds for field data collection and initial model development. Santiago Santacruz gratefully acknowledges the Fulbright - Colciencias Scholarship provided by the governments of Colombia and the United States of America. Any use of trade, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 13 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 50 IS 1 BP 478 EP 488 DI 10.1021/acs.est.5b04094 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DA5TU UT WOS:000367866300055 PM 26556581 ER PT J AU Fortin, JK Rode, KD Hilderbrand, GV Wilder, J Farley, S Jorgensen, C Marcot, BG AF Fortin, Jennifer K. Rode, Karyn D. Hilderbrand, Grant V. Wilder, James Farley, Sean Jorgensen, Carole Marcot, Bruce G. TI Impacts of Human Recreation on Brown Bears (Ursus arctos): A Review and New Management Tool SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; EXPERIMENTALLY INTRODUCED TOURISM; COASTAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; BAYESIAN BELIEF NETWORKS; GRIZZLY BEAR; BEHAVIORAL-RESPONSES; HUMAN DISTURBANCE; REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; POSITIVE IMPACTS; WILDLIFE AB Increased popularity of recreational activities in natural areas has led to the need to better understand their impacts on wildlife. The majority of research conducted to date has focused on behavioral effects from individual recreations, thus there is a limited understanding of the potential for population-level or cumulative effects. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) are the focus of a growing wildlife viewing industry and are found in habitats frequented by recreationists. Managers face difficult decisions in balancing recreational opportunities with habitat protection for wildlife. Here, we integrate results from empirical studies with expert knowledge to better understand the potential population-level effects of recreational activities on brown bears. We conducted a literature review and Delphi survey of brown bear experts to better understand the frequencies and types of recreations occurring in bear habitats and their potential effects, and to identify management solutions and research needs. We then developed a Bayesian network model that allows managers to estimate the potential effects of recreational management decisions in bear habitats. A higher proportion of individual brown bears in coastal habitats were exposed to recreation, including photography and bear-viewing than bears in interior habitats where camping and hiking were more common. Our results suggest that the primary mechanism by which recreation may impact brown bears is through temporal and spatial displacement with associated increases in energetic costs and declines in nutritional intake. Killings in defense of life and property were found to be minimally associated with recreation in Alaska, but are important considerations in population management. Regulating recreation to occur predictably in space and time and limiting recreation in habitats with concentrated food resources reduces impacts on food intake and may thereby, reduce impacts on reproduction and survival. Our results suggest that decisions managers make about regulating recreational activities in time and space have important consequences for bear populations. The Bayesian network model developed here provides a new tool for managers to balance demands of multiple recreational activities while supporting healthy bear populations. C1 [Fortin, Jennifer K.; Rode, Karyn D.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr Anchorage, Anchorage, AK USA. [Hilderbrand, Grant V.] Natl Pk Serv Alaska Reg, Anchorage, AK USA. [Wilder, James] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Farley, Sean] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA. [Jorgensen, Carole] US Forest Serv, Chugach Natl Forest, USDA, Anchorage, AK USA. [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, USDA, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Fortin, Jennifer K.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Fortin, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr Anchorage, Anchorage, AK USA. EM jennifer.fortin-noreus@umontana.edu OI Rode, Karyn/0000-0002-3328-8202 FU US Geological Survey's National Park Service Natural Resources Preservation Program FX This project was funded by the US Geological Survey's National Park Service Natural Resources Preservation Program. NR 148 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 19 U2 54 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0141983 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0141983 PG 26 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA4VZ UT WOS:000367801400003 PM 26731652 ER PT J AU Kazyak, DC Hilderbrand, RH King, TL Keller, SR Chhatre, VE AF Kazyak, David C. Hilderbrand, Robert H. King, Tim L. Keller, Stephen R. Chhatre, Vikram E. TI Hiding in Plain Sight: A Case for Cryptic Metapopulations in Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; SOCKEYE-SALMON POPULATIONS; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; LIFE-HISTORY; BROWN TROUT; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; SAMPLING SCHEME; CUTTHROAT TROUT; STREAM NETWORK; HABITAT AB A fundamental issue in the management and conservation of biodiversity is how to define a population. Spatially contiguous fish occupying a stream network have often been considered to represent a single, homogenous population. However, they may also represent multiple discrete populations, a single population with genetic isolation-by-distance, or a metapopulation. We used microsatellite DNA and a large-scale mark-recapture study to assess population structure in a spatially contiguous sample of Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), a species of conservation concern. We found evidence for limited genetic exchange across small spatial scales and in the absence of barriers to physical movement. Markrecapture and stationary passive integrated transponder antenna records demonstrated that fish from two tributaries very seldom moved into the opposite tributary, but movements between the tributaries and mainstem were more common. Using Bayesian genetic clustering, we identified two genetic groups that exhibited significantly different growth rates over three years of study, yet survival rates were very similar. Our study highlights the importance of considering the possibility of multiple genetically distinct populations occurring within spatially contiguous habitats, and suggests the existence of a cryptic metapopulation: a spatially continuous distribution of organisms exhibiting metapopulation-like behaviors. C1 [Kazyak, David C.; Hilderbrand, Robert H.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. [Kazyak, David C.; King, Tim L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, Kearneysville, WV USA. [Keller, Stephen R.; Chhatre, Vikram E.] Univ Vermont, Dept Plant Biol, Burlington, VT USA. RP Kazyak, DC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Appalachian Lab, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA. EM dkazyak@gmail.com RI Hilderbrand, Robert/H-9807-2013; Chhatre, Vikram/B-6649-2016; Keller, Stephen/J-6652-2013 OI Hilderbrand, Robert/0000-0003-0923-7699; Chhatre, Vikram/0000-0001-6627-2832; Keller, Stephen/0000-0001-8887-9213 NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 11 IS 1 AR e0146295 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0146295 PG 18 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA4VZ UT WOS:000367801400140 PM 26730588 ER PT J AU Butman, D Stackpoole, S Stets, E McDonald, CP Clow, DW Striegl, RG AF Butman, David Stackpoole, Sarah Stets, Edward McDonald, Cory P. Clow, David W. Striegl, Robert G. TI Aquatic carbon cycling in the conterminous United States and implications for terrestrial carbon accounting SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE carbon; aquatic ecosystems; terrestrial ecosystems; carbon flux; inland waters ID MODEL INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; PROGRAM MULTISCALE SYNTHESIS; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ORGANIC-CARBON; METHANE EMISSIONS; SURFACE WATERS; INLAND WATERS; RIVERS; RESERVOIRS; DIOXIDE AB Inland water ecosystems dynamically process, transport, and sequester carbon. However, the transport of carbon through aquatic environments has not been quantitatively integrated in the context of terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we present the first integrated assessment, to our knowledge, of freshwater carbon fluxes for the conterminous United States, where 106 (range: 71-149) teragrams of carbon per year (TgC center dot y(-1)) is exported downstream or emitted to the atmosphere and sedimentation stores 21 (range: 9-65) TgC center dot y(-1) in lakes and reservoirs. We show that there is significant regional variation in aquatic carbon flux, but verify that emission across stream and river surfaces represents the dominant flux at 69 (range: 36-110) TgC center dot y(-1) or 65% of the total aquatic carbon flux for the conterminous United States. Comparing our results with the output of a suite of terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs), we suggest that within the current modeling framework, calculations of net ecosystem production (NEP) defined as terrestrial only may be overestimated by as much as 27%. However, the internal production and mineralization of carbon in freshwaters remain to be quantified and would reduce the effect of including aquatic carbon fluxes within calculations of terrestrial NEP. Reconciliation of carbon mass-flux interactions between terrestrial and aquatic carbon sources and sinks will require significant additional research and modeling capacity. C1 [Butman, David; Stets, Edward; Striegl, Robert G.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Butman, David] Univ Washington, Sch Environm & Forest Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Butman, David] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Stackpoole, Sarah; Clow, David W.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [McDonald, Cory P.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Madison, WI 53707 USA. RP Butman, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. EM dbutman@uw.edu OI Stets, Edward/0000-0001-5375-0196; McDonald, Cory/0000-0002-1208-8471; Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824 FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NNH10AN681]; US Geological Survey (USGS) FX Aggregation of the data presented here was performed by Xiaodong Chen (University of Washington Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering). This work was fully supported by the US Geological Survey (USGS) Land Carbon Program, through the broader efforts of the USGS Biological Carbon Sequestration Program. Data management support for preparing, documenting, and distributing model driver and output data was performed by the Modeling and Synthesis Thematic Data Center at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (nacp.ornl.gov), with funding through National Aeronautics and Space Administration Grant NNH10AN681. NR 75 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 13 U2 63 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 1 BP 58 EP 63 DI 10.1073/pnas.1512651112 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA0XH UT WOS:000367520400032 PM 26699473 ER PT J AU Leonardi, N Ganju, NK Fagherazzi, S AF Leonardi, Nicoletta Ganju, Neil K. Fagherazzi, Sergio TI A linear relationship between wave power and erosion determines salt-marsh resilience to violent storms and hurricanes SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE salt marsh; resilience; hurricanes; wind waves; erosion ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; PREDICTION; FREQUENCY; FACE AB Salt marsh losses have been documented worldwide because of land use change, wave erosion, and sea-level rise. It is still unclear how resistant salt marshes are to extreme storms and whether they can survive multiple events without collapsing. Based on a large dataset of salt marsh lateral erosion rates collected around the world, here, we determine the general response of salt marsh boundaries to wave action under normal and extreme weather conditions. As wave energy increases, salt marsh response to wind waves remains linear, and there is not a critical threshold in wave energy above which salt marsh erosion drastically accelerates. We apply our general formulation for salt marsh erosion to historical wave climates at eight salt marsh locations affected by hurricanes in the United States. Based on the analysis of two decades of data, we find that violent storms and hurricanes contribute less than 1% to long-term salt marsh erosion rates. In contrast, moderate storms with a return period of 2.5 mo are those causing the most salt marsh deterioration. Therefore, salt marshes seem more susceptible to variations in mean wave energy rather than changes in the extremes. The intrinsic resistance of salt marshes to violent storms and their predictable erosion rates during moderate events should be taken into account by coastal managers in restoration projects and risk management plans. C1 [Leonardi, Nicoletta; Fagherazzi, Sergio] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ganju, Neil K.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA. RP Leonardi, N (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM nicleona@bu.edu RI Fagherazzi, Sergio/K-4245-2016; OI Fagherazzi, Sergio/0000-0002-4048-5968; Ganju, Neil/0000-0002-1096-0465 FU NSF [OCE-1354251, DEB-0621014, OCE-1238212]; DOI-USGS [G14AC00045] FX We acknowledge the NJ Office of Information Technology, Office of Geographic Information Systems as the source of aerial images. This research was supported by NSF Awards OCE-1354251, DEB-0621014 (VCR-LTER Program), and OCE-1238212 (PIE-LTER Program) and DOI-USGS Award G14AC00045. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 9 U2 24 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 113 IS 1 BP 64 EP 68 DI 10.1073/pnas.1510095112 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DA0XH UT WOS:000367520400033 PM 26699461 ER PT J AU Yin, RS Feng, XB Hurley, JP Krabbenhoft, DP Lepak, RF Hu, RZ Zhang, Q Li, ZG Bi, XW AF Yin, Runsheng Feng, Xinbin Hurley, James P. Krabbenhoft, David P. Lepak, Ryan F. Hu, Ruizhong Zhang, Qian Li, Zhonggen Bi, Xianwu TI Mercury Isotopes as Proxies to Identify Sources and Environmental Impacts of Mercury in Sphalerites SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS LA English DT Article ID MASS-INDEPENDENT FRACTIONATION; HIGH-PRECISION MEASUREMENT; NUCLEAR VOLUME; COAL DEPOSITS; HG; RATIOS; CHINA; EMISSIONS; SEDIMENTS; SPECTROMETRY AB During the past few years, evidence of mass independent fractionation (MIF) for mercury (Hg) isotopes have been reported in the Earth's surface reservoirs, mainly assumed to be formed during photochemical processes. However, the magnitude of Hg-MIF in interior pools of the crust is largely unknown. Here, we reported significant variation in Hg-MIF signature (Delta Hg-199: -0.24 similar to + 0.18 parts per thousand) in sphalerites collected from 102 zinc (Zn) deposits in China, indicating that Hg-MIF can be recorded into the Earth's crust during geological recycling of crustal material. Changing magnitudes of Hg-MIF signals were observed in Zn deposits with different formations, evidence that Hg isotopes (especially Hg-MIF) can be a useful tracer to identify sources (syngenetic and epigenetic) of Hg in mineral deposits. The average isotopic composition in studied sphalerites (delta Hg-202(average): -0.58 parts per thousand;Delta Hg-199(average): +0.03 parts per thousand) may be used to fingerprint Zn smelting activities, one of the largest global Hg emission sources. C1 [Yin, Runsheng; Feng, Xinbin; Li, Zhonggen] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. [Yin, Runsheng; Hurley, James P.; Lepak, Ryan F.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Yin, Runsheng; Hu, Ruizhong; Zhang, Qian; Bi, Xianwu] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Ore Deposit Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. [Hurley, James P.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. RP Feng, XB (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Environm Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. EM fengxinbin@vip.skleg.cn RI Feng, Xinbin/F-4512-2011; Yin, Runsheng/C-5972-2014 OI Feng, Xinbin/0000-0002-7462-8998; FU National "973" Program [2013CB430001, 2014CB440906]; Natural Science Foundation of China [41303014, 41021062, 41120134005]; University of Wisconsin-Madison Graduate School FX This research was funded by National "973" Program (2013CB430001, 2014CB440906) and Natural Science Foundation of China (41303014, 41021062 and 41120134005). R.F.L. was supported by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Graduate School. NR 65 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 16 U2 44 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 2045-2322 J9 SCI REP-UK JI Sci Rep PD JAN 5 PY 2016 VL 6 AR 18686 DI 10.1038/srep18686 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DB1NN UT WOS:000368275100001 PM 26728705 ER PT J AU Sawai, Y Horton, BP Kemp, AC Hawkes, AD Nagumo, T Nelson, AR AF Sawai, Yuki Horton, Benjamin P. Kemp, Andrew C. Hawkes, Andrea D. Nagumo, Tamotsu Nelson, Alan R. TI Relationships between diatoms and tidal environments in Oregon and Washington, USA SO DIATOM RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Washington coast; diatom assemblages; multivariate analysis; tidal environments; Oregon coast; salt marsh ID SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; CANONICAL CORRESPONDENCE-ANALYSIS; MISSISSIPPI SALT-MARSH; YAQUINA-ESTUARY; BENTHIC DIATOM; BALTIC SEA; DISTRIBUTIONAL PATTERNS; GRADIENT RESPONSES; INTERTIDAL MUDFLAT; PARALIA-SULCATA AB A new regional dataset comprising 425 intertidal diatom taxa from 175 samples from 11 ecologically diverse Oregon and Washington estuaries illustrates the importance of compiling a large modern dataset from a range of sites. Cluster analyses and detrended correspondence analysis of the diatom assemblages identify distinct vertical zones within supratidal, intertidal and subtidal environments at six of the 11 study sites, but the abundance of some of the most common species varies widely among and within sites. Canonical correspondence analysis of the regional dataset shows relationships between diatom species and tidal exposure, salinity and substratum (grain size and organic content). Correspondence analyses of local datasets show higher values of explained variation than the analysis of the combined regional dataset. Our results emphasize that studies of the autecology of diatom species require many samples from a range of modern environments to adequately characterize species-environment relationships. C1 [Sawai, Yuki] Geol Survey Japan, Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, Sea Level Res, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Horton, Benjamin P.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Asian Sch Environm, Singapore 639798, Singapore. [Kemp, Andrew C.] Tufts Univ, Dept Earth & Ocean Sci, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Hawkes, Andrea D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Geog & Geol, Wilmington, NC 28401 USA. [Nagumo, Tamotsu] Nippon Dent Univ Tokyo, Dept Biol, Tokyo, Japan. [Nelson, Alan R.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA. RP Sawai, Y (reprint author), Geol Survey Japan, Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan. EM yuki.sawai@aist.go.jp RI Sawai, Yuki /D-3216-2013 OI Sawai, Yuki /0000-0001-7015-4361 FU National Science Foundation [EAR 0842728, 1419824, 1419846]; Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; Society of Sedimentary Geology (SEPM - Sanders Student Research Fund); Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) FX This research was supported by National Science Foundation award (EAR 0842728, 1419824 and 1419846), the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey, the Society of Sedimentary Geology (SEPM - Sanders Student Research Fund), and the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS Postdoctoral Fellowships for Research Abroad). We thank Rob Witter, Simon Engelhart, Brian Atwater and Emily Smith for assistance with fieldwork. Roger Lewis and Linda Gerson collected and surveyed elevations for the samples from Alsea Bay under the guidance of Eileen Hemphill-Haley. Eileen Hemphill-Haley and anonymous reviewers provided thorough, constructive comments. NR 101 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-249X EI 2159-8347 J9 DIATOM RES JI Diatom Res. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 17 EP 38 DI 10.1080/0269249X.2015.1126359 PG 22 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DH5SI UT WOS:000372851700002 ER PT J AU Richard, SK Chesnaux, R Rouleau, A Coupe, RH AF Richard, Sandra K. Chesnaux, Romain Rouleau, Alain Coupe, Richard H. TI Estimating the reliability of aquifer transmissivity values obtained from specific capacity tests: examples from the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean aquifers, Canada SO HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES JOURNAL-JOURNAL DES SCIENCES HYDROLOGIQUES LA English DT Article DE Transmissivity; specific capacity; pumping tests; scale effect; regional hydrogeological characterization; Canada ID HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; ALLUVIAL AQUIFER; ROCK AQUIFERS; SYSTEMS; REGION; PLAIN; FLOW AB In the absence of well-documented pumping tests, we investigate whether a reliable estimate of transmissivity T can be obtained using historical records of specific capacity data in granular and fractured-rock aquifers. Transmissivity values are calculated from the specific capacity data Q/s in several hundred wells located in the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region (Canada), with an iterative method applied to the Cooper-Jacob equation. The results are compared with short- and long-duration pumping tests performed throughout the region. We demonstrate that values of transmissivity compare well between the different types of tests for each lithology, when the scale of the test is similar. Therefore, using historical information easily increases the number of transmissivity values that can be estimated over a region. These values can be integrated in regional numerical models. Moreover, this study shows that T=4.48(Q/s)(1.15) with R-2=0.66 for granular aquifers. This new empirical relationship can be used in similar environments. C1 [Richard, Sandra K.; Chesnaux, Romain; Rouleau, Alain] Univ Quebec Chicoutimi, Ctr Etud Ressources Minerales, Saguenay, PQ, Canada. [Coupe, Richard H.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Water Sci Ctr, Jackson, MS USA. RP Richard, SK (reprint author), Univ Quebec Chicoutimi, Ctr Etud Ressources Minerales, Saguenay, PQ, Canada. EM sandra.richard2010@gmail.com FU Fondation de l'UQAC (FUQAC); Fonds de recherche Nature et technologies du Quebec; Programme d'Acquisition de Connaissances sur les Eaux Souterraines du Quebec (PACES) FX This project is funded by the Fondation de l'UQAC (FUQAC), the Fonds de recherche Nature et technologies du Quebec, and the Programme d'Acquisition de Connaissances sur les Eaux Souterraines du Quebec (PACES), with contribution from the Ministere du Developpement Durable, de l'Environnement et des Parcs, UQAC, Ville de Saguenay and the four Municipalites regionales de comte of the SLSJ region. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0262-6667 EI 2150-3435 J9 HYDROLOG SCI J JI Hydrol. Sci. J.-J. Sci. Hydrol. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 61 IS 1 BP 173 EP 185 DI 10.1080/02626667.2014.966720 PG 13 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA DB7RS UT WOS:000368714200013 ER PT J AU Stewart, DR Long, JM AF Stewart, David R. Long, James M. TI Using an experimental manipulation to determine the effectiveness of a stock enhancement program SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fish stocking; stock enhancement; likelihood estimation; cessation of stocking; growth rates; Ictalurus punctatus ID CHANNEL CATFISH; BOMB RADIOCARBON; BLUE CATFISH; HOOP NETS; LAKE; SIZE; IMPOUNDMENTS; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; PREDATION AB We used an experimental manipulation to determine the impact of stocking 178 mm channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus in six impoundments. The study design consisted of equal numbers (two) of control, ceased-stock, and stocked treatments that were sampled one year before and two years after stocking. Relative abundance, growth, size structure, and average weight significantly changed over time based on samples collected with hoop nets. Catch rates decreased at both ceased-stock lakes and increased for one stocked lake, while growth rates changed for at least one ceased-stock and stocked lake. The average weight of channel catfish in the ceased-stock treatment increased by 6% and 25%, whereas weight decreased by 28% and 78% in both stocked lakes. The variability in observed responses between lakes in both ceased-stock and stocked treatments indicates that a one-size-fits-all stocking agenda is impractical, suggesting lake specific and density-dependent mechanisms affect channel catfish population dynamics. C1 [Stewart, David R.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Stewart, DR (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. EM dstewa11@uwyo.edu FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation through the Sport Fish Restoration Program [F-81-R]; Sitlington Enriched Graduate Fellowship from Oklahoma State University FX Financial support for this publication was provided by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation through the Sport Fish Restoration Program [grant F-81-R]; a Sitlington Enriched Graduate Fellowship from Oklahoma State University. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 37 EP 52 DI 10.1080/02705060.2015.1021715 PG 16 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DB4VX UT WOS:000368512800001 ER PT J AU George, SD Baldigo, BP Smith, MJ McKeown, DM Faulring, JW AF George, Scott D. Baldigo, Barry P. Smith, Martyn J. McKeown, Donald M. Faulring, Jason W. TI Variations in water temperature and implications for trout populations in the Upper Schoharie Creek and West Kill, New York, USA SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE airborne thermal infrared; remote sensing; stream temperature; thermal refuge; brown trout; brook trout; Schoharie Creek ID JUVENILE COHO SALMON; STREAM TEMPERATURE; BEHAVIORAL THERMOREGULATION; NORTHEASTERN OREGON; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; THERMAL TOLERANCE; CHINOOK SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RAINBOW-TROUT; SIERRA-NEVADA AB Water temperature is a key component of aquatic ecosystems because it plays a pivotal role in determining the suitability of stream and river habitat to most freshwater fish species. Continuous temperature loggers and airborne thermal infrared (TIR) remote sensing were used to assess temporal and spatial temperature patterns on the Upper Schoharie Creek and West Kill in the Catskill Mountains, New York, USA. Specific objectives were to characterize (1) contemporary thermal conditions, (2) temporal and spatial variations in stressful water temperatures, and (3) the availability of thermal refuges. In-stream loggers collected data from October 2010 to October 2012 and showed summer water temperatures exceeded the 1-day and 7-day thermal tolerance limits for trout survival at five of the seven study sites during both summers. Results of the 7 August 2012 TIR indicated there was little thermal refuge at the time of the flight. About 690,170 m(2) of water surface area were mapped on the Upper Schoharie, yet only 0.009% (59 m(2)) was more than 1.0 degrees C below the median water surface temperature (BMT) at the thalweg and no areas were more than 2.0 degrees C BMT. On the West Kill, 79,098 m(2) were mapped and 0.085% (67 m(2)) and 0.018% (14 m(2)) were BMT by 1 and 2 degrees C, respectively. These results indicate that summer temperatures in the majority of the study area are stressful for trout and may adversely affect growth and survival. Validation studies are needed to confirm the expectation that resident trout are in poor condition or absent from the downstream portion of the study area during warm-water periods. C1 [George, Scott D.; Baldigo, Barry P.; Smith, Martyn J.] US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [McKeown, Donald M.; Faulring, Jason W.] Rochester Inst Technol, Chester F Carlson Ctr Imaging Sci, Rochester, NY 14628 USA. RP George, SD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM sgeorge@usgs.gov FU Greene County Soil and Water Conservation District; U.S. Geological Survey FX This research was funded by Greene County Soil and Water Conservation District; the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 24 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 93 EP 108 DI 10.1080/02705060.2015.1033769 PG 16 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DB4WD UT WOS:000368513400001 ER PT J AU DeBoer, JA Webber, CM Dixon, TA Pope, KL AF DeBoer, Jason A. Webber, Christa M. Dixon, Taylor A. Pope, Kevin L. TI The influence of a severe reservoir drawdown on springtime zooplankton and larval fish assemblages in Red Willow Reservoir, Nebraska SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE assemblage similarity; cladocerans; copepods; gizzard shad; Nebraska ID WALLEYES STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; PRESENCE-ABSENCE DATA; WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; CALANOID COPEPODS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; LEVEL DRAWDOWN; PREDATION RISK; WATER LEVELS; PREY; TURBIDITY AB Reservoirs can be dynamic systems, often prone to unpredictable and extreme water-level fluctuations, and can be environments where survival is difficult for zooplankton and larval fish. Although numerous studies have examined the effects of extreme reservoir drawdown on water quality, few have examined extreme drawdown on both abiotic and biotic characteristics. A fissure in the dam at Red Willow Reservoir in southwest Nebraska necessitated an extreme drawdown; the water level was lowered more than 6 m during a two-month period, reducing reservoir volume by 76%. During the subsequent low-water period (i.e., post-drawdown), spring sampling (April-June) showed dissolved oxygen concentration was lower, while turbidity and chlorophyll-a concentration were greater, relative to pre-drawdown conditions. Additionally, there was an overall increase in zooplankton density, although there were differences among taxa, and changes in mean size among taxa, relative to pre-drawdown conditions. Zooplankton assemblage composition had an average dissimilarity of 19.3% from pre-drawdown to post-drawdown. The ratio of zero to non-zero catches was greater post-drawdown for larval common carp and for all larval fishes combined, whereas we observed no difference for larval gizzard shad. Larval fish assemblage composition had an average dissimilarity of 39.7% from pre-drawdown to post-drawdown. Given the likelihood that other dams will need repair or replacement in the near future, it is imperative for effective reservoir management that we anticipate the likely abiotic and biotic responses of reservoir ecosystems as these management actions will continue to alter environmental conditions in reservoirs. C1 [DeBoer, Jason A.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [DeBoer, Jason A.; Webber, Christa M.; Dixon, Taylor A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. RP DeBoer, JA (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jadeboer@illinois.edu FU Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration [F-174-R] FX This work was supported by the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission: Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration (Grant number F-174-R). NR 82 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 7 U2 19 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 131 EP 146 DI 10.1080/02705060.2015.1055312 PG 16 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DB4WE UT WOS:000368513500002 ER PT J AU Lynch, AJ AF Lynch, Abigail J. TI No Damsel in Distress SO FISHERIES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Lynch, Abigail J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Lynch, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS-516, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM ajlynch@usgs.gov OI Lynch, Abigail J./0000-0001-8449-8392 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 37 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 EI 1548-8446 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 10 EP 11 DI 10.1080/03632415.2015.1111875 PG 2 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA CZ8GA UT WOS:000367337000005 ER PT J AU Hoffman, JC Schloesser, J Trebitz, AS Peterson, GS Gutsch, M Quinlan, H Kelly, JR AF Hoffman, Joel C. Schloesser, Joshua Trebitz, Anett S. Peterson, Greg S. Gutsch, Michelle Quinlan, Henry Kelly, John R. TI Sampling Design for Early Detection of Aquatic Invasive Species in Great Lakes Ports SO FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; MARINE BIOINVASIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL DNA; MANAGEMENT; SURVEILLANCE; INFORMATION; ERADICATION; ECOSYSTEM; RICHNESS; PATTERNS AB We evaluated a pilot aquatic invasive species (AIS) early detection monitoring program in Lake Superior that was designed to detect newly introduced fishes. We established survey protocols for three major ports (Duluth-Superior, Sault Ste. Marie, Thunder Bay) and designed an adaptive cycle for routine evaluation of survey performance. Among the three ports, we found both similarities (species richness) and differences (introduced species detectability, species detection efficiency) with respect to AIS survey performance. Despite those differences, our analysis indicated potential for increasing detection efficiency at all three ports by exploiting differences in fish assemblages and sampling gears to increase rare species encounters. Using this information in the adaptive cycle, we demonstrate the ability to improve AIS detection efficiency. Our pilot monitoring program with its adaptive cycle of assessment, refinement, and implementation provides a performance-based approach to increase AIS detection efficiency over the course of a survey and within practical resource constraints. C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Trebitz, Anett S.; Peterson, Greg S.; Gutsch, Michelle; Kelly, John R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. [Schloesser, Joshua; Quinlan, Henry] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ashland Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Ashland, WI USA. RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA. EM hoffman.joel@epa.gov NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 32 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0363-2415 EI 1548-8446 J9 FISHERIES JI Fisheries PD JAN 2 PY 2016 VL 41 IS 1 BP 26 EP 37 DI 10.1080/03632415.2015.1114926 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA CZ8GA UT WOS:000367337000009 ER PT J AU Woodman, N Fisher, RD AF Woodman, Neal Fisher, Robert D. TI Identification and distribution of the Olympic Shrew (Eulipotyphla: Soricidae), Sorex rohweri Rausch et al., 2007 in Oregon and Washington, based on USNM specimens SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE masked shrew; Pacific Northwest; Sorex vagrans; Soricomorpha; subspecies AB Review of specimens of long-tailed shrews (Mammalia, Soricidae, Sorex) from the northwestern United States in the National Museum of Natural History (USNM), Washington, DC, has revealed the presence of the Olympic Shrew, Sorex rohweri Rausch et al., 2007, in the Coastal Range west of the Willamette Valley in Oregon. This determination nearly doubles the documented distribution for this species and increases the species diversity of soricids in Oregon to eleven. Sorex rohweri is relatively uncommon, but it occurs in a variety of forest successional stages and even clear cuts, as long as there is nearby forest and trees are allowed to regenerate. All USNM specimens from Washington formerly identified as S. cinereus streatori Merriam, 1895 are instead referable to the Olympic Shrew. The distribution of S. c. streatori is thereby restricted to the Pacific coasts of British Columbia north of the lower Frasier River and southcentral Alaska. Our study highlights the importance of taking and preserving high-quality voucher specimens in a collection where they are readily available for re-study. C1 [Woodman, Neal; Fisher, Robert D.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Biol Survey Unit, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Woodman, Neal; Fisher, Robert D.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Mammal Div, Washington, DC 20013 USA. RP Woodman, N (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Biol Survey Unit, Washington, DC 20013 USA.; Woodman, N (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Mammal Div, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM woodmann@si.edu; fisherr@si.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 84 EP 102 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.84 PG 19 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EM2XZ UT WOS:000395180400009 ER PT J AU Ernst, CH Laemmerzahl, AF Lovich, JE AF Ernst, Carl H. Laemmerzahl, Arndt F. Lovich, Jeffrey E. TI A morphological review of subspecies of the Asian box turtle, Cuora amboinensis (Testudines, Geomydidae) SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Review DE Asian box turtle; morphology; color patterns; subspecies ID GENUS CUORA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; EMYDIDAE; REPTILIA AB The turtle Cuora amboinensis has an extensive distribution covering most of southern mainland Asia, Indonesia, and extending to the Philippine Islands. Unlike many species, C. amboinensis occurs on both sides of Wallace's Line separating Asian and Australian flora and fauna. Four subspecies are currently recognized; Cuora a. kamaroma (southern continental Asia, Java and the northern Philippines [introduced]), C. a. lineata (Kachin Province, Myanmar [Burma] and adjacent Yunnan Province, China), C. a. couro (Sumatra, Java, Sumbawa, and adjacent smaller Indonesian islands); and C. a. amboinensis (Moluccas, Sulawesi, Philippines). Five pattern and 33 morphological characters were examined for variation in 691 individuals from throughout the species' range. Our analyses suggest that only two presently recognized subspecies are valid: amboinensis and kamaroma. Neither couro nor lineata are supported by our analysis. We recommend that C. a. couro should be synonymized with the species C. amboinensis and C. a. lineata with the subspecies C. a. kamaroma. C1 [Ernst, Carl H.] Smithsonian Inst, Div Amphibians & Reptiles, MRC 162,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. [Laemmerzahl, Arndt F.] George Mason Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Lovich, Jeffrey E.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ernst, CH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Div Amphibians & Reptiles, MRC 162,POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM chernst@frontiernet.net NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA NAT MUSEUM NAT HIST SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0006-324X EI 1943-6327 J9 P BIOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. PY 2016 VL 129 IS 1 BP 144 EP 156 DI 10.2988/0006-324X-129.Q2.144 PG 13 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA EM2XZ UT WOS:000395180400013 ER PT J AU Johnson, I Brinkman, T Britton, K Kelly, J Hundertmark, K Lake, B Verbyla, D AF Johnson, Ian Brinkman, Todd Britton, Kelda Kelly, James Hundertmark, Kris Lake, Bryce Verbyla, Dave TI Quantifying Rural Hunter Access in Alaska SO HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLIFE LA English DT Article ID TRADITIONAL ECOLOGICAL KNOWLEDGE; ELK HUNTERS; IDAHO; POPULATIONS; RESILIENCE; MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY AB Despite hunter access influencing harvest success, few studies have quantified characteristics of hunter access. Based on spatially explicit interview data, we used geographic information system (GIS) analyses to calculate access pathways and distances that rural hunters traveled to moose (Alces alces) harvest locations in Interior Alaska. Using Jenks Natural Breaks classification, approximately 53%, 21%, 5%, and 21% of harvest locations occurred along navigable rivers within 0 to 24, 25 to 52, 53 to 86, and >86km (0 to 14, 15 to 32, 33 to 53, and >53 mi), respectively, from the hunter's community of residence. We used moose density estimates in the area being accessed by hunters to calculate annual moose harvest. Our results were similar to estimates from independent sources that used more standardized methods (e.g., agency household surveys). This suggests that our access-based approach has potential to provide an alternative method for estimating harvest intensity in areas where harvest report data are considered unreliable. Also, our findings demonstrated how insight on hunter access may help prioritize areas for active management. C1 [Johnson, Ian; Brinkman, Todd; Hundertmark, Kris] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, POB 750881, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Britton, Kelda; Kelly, James] Council Athabascan Tribal Govt, Nat Resources Dept, Ft Yukon, AK USA. [Lake, Bryce] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Yukon Flats Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Verbyla, Dave] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Nat Resources, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. RP Johnson, I (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, POB 750881, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM johnsoni@live.com NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1087-1209 EI 1533-158X J9 HUM DIMENS WILDL JI Hum. Dimens. Wildl. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 3 BP 240 EP 253 DI 10.1080/10871209.2016.1137109 PG 14 GA DI8AS UT WOS:000373723700004 ER PT J AU Greiner, MJ Lucchesi, DO Chipps, SR Gigliotti, LM AF Greiner, Michael J. Lucchesi, David O. Chipps, Steven R. Gigliotti, Larry M. TI Community Fisheries in Eastern South Dakota: Angler Demographics, Use, and Factors Influencing Satisfaction SO HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLIFE LA English DT Article ID FISHING PARTICIPATION; URBAN; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAMS; OPPORTUNITIES; MOTIVATIONS AB We surveyed anglers on five community fishing lakes near Brookings, South Dakota to assess angler use and satisfaction. The community lakes attracted younger anglers when compared to statewide and national averages. Overall, satisfaction was generally high (74%) among anglers fishing community lakes. Logistic regression analysis showed that harvest rate, anglers targeting trout, familiarity with the lake, adults fishing with children, and fishing during open water periods were significantly related to angler satisfaction. Angler parties consisting of adults fishing with children were 1.7 times more likely to respond as satisfied compared with adults-only angler groups. Fishing opportunities provided by community lakes can enhance participation by younger anglers while simultaneously providing family-oriented recreation (i.e., adults fishing with children) that enhances trip satisfaction. C1 [Greiner, Michael J.] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Lucchesi, David O.] South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Chipps, Steven R.; Gigliotti, Larry M.] S Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. RP Greiner, MJ (reprint author), South Dakota Dept Game Fish & Pk, Pierre Dist Off, 20641 SD HWY 1806, Ft Pierre, SD 57532 USA. EM Mike.Greiner@state.sd.us NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1087-1209 EI 1533-158X J9 HUM DIMENS WILDL JI Hum. Dimens. Wildl. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 3 BP 254 EP 263 DI 10.1080/10871209.2016.1138346 PG 10 GA DI8AS UT WOS:000373723700005 ER PT J AU Gigliotti, LM Metcalf, EC AF Gigliotti, Larry M. Metcalf, Elizabeth Covelli TI Motivations of Female Black Hills Deer Hunters SO HUMAN DIMENSIONS OF WILDLIFE LA English DT Article DE Deer hunting; gender similarities/differences; motivations AB State fish and wildlife agencies are particularly interested in attracting female participation because of the potential to offset declining participation in hunting. Understanding female hunters' motivations will be critical for designing effective recruitment and retention programs for women hunters. Although female participation in hunting is increasing, males still outnumber females by about tenfold. Gender differences in deer hunters were explored by comparing ratings of eight motivations (social, nature, excitement, meat, challenge, trophy, extra hunting opportunity, and solitude). Hunter types were defined by hunters' selection of the most important motivation for why they like Black Hills deer hunting. Overall, females and males were relatively similar in their ratings of the eight motivations, and we found 85% gender similarity in the selection of the most important motivation. Women were slightly more motivated by the food aspect of the hunt while men placed slightly more value on the hunt as a sporting activity. C1 [Gigliotti, Larry M.] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 2140B,SNP 201C, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Metcalf, Elizabeth Covelli] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Gigliotti, LM (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 2140B,SNP 201C, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. EM larry.gigliotti@sdstate.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1087-1209 EI 1533-158X J9 HUM DIMENS WILDL JI Hum. Dimens. Wildl. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 4 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1080/10871209.2016.1157714 PG 8 GA DQ9UD UT WOS:000379553900008 ER PT S AU Xian, G AF Xian, George GP IEEE TI DEVELOPMENT OF 2016 NATIONAL IMPERVIOUSNESS PRODUCT SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE Impervious surface; urban land cover; NLCD; Landsat AB The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Land Cover Database (NLCD) has been developed to provide consistent land cover products for the nation since 2001. The database includes land cover, percent impervious surface, and percent tree canopy. The percent impervious surface area (ISA), which was estimated with satellite imagery and represents the fraction of impervious area in a 30 m grid, has been used to quantify urban land cover types and extents. Changes of land cover and impervious surface that have occurred during these 5-year intervals since 2001 are also provided. This study focused on new strategies that have been developed for producing NLCD 2016 imperviousness product. The method updates ISA change following Landsat footprints using both NOAA's VIIRS and Landsat 8 images in circa 2016. The method has been applied in five different geographic locations in the United States. Analyses of ISA changes associated with urban developments in these five pilot areas have also been performed. C1 [Xian, George] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Xian, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1782 EP 1783 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114601229 ER PT S AU Kokaly, RF AF Kokaly, Raymond F. GP IEEE TI EVALUATING IMPACTS OF IMAGING SPECTROMETER CALIBRATION ON MINERAL IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING USING AIRBORNE DATA COLLECTIONS IN ALASKA, USA, AND KHANDAHAR, AFGHANISTAN SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE hyperspectral; imaging spectroscopy; geology; soils; minerals; PRISM; MICA AB Calibration of spectrometer data to reflectance is important to obtain accurate and robust results in identifying surface materials. Among the aspects that affect calibration are: sensor characterization, including channel wavelength position and bandpass, radiometric accuracy, and atmospheric correction. For the detection of surface minerals in soils and bedrock, inaccuracies in any of these aspects generally decrease the degree of mineral discriminations that can be made, for example, separating carbonates, serpentines, chlorites, and amphiboles. Because of their design, pushbroom spectrometers can have variable wavelength position and bandpass in the across-track direction. Well-calibrated airborne imaging spectrometer data collected using HyMap were used to examine the effects of inaccuracies in Hyperion wavelength position on mineral identifications and to explore empirical methods for calibrating data to reflectance. On steep terrains, at high latitudes, it is difficult to atmospherically correct imaging spectrometer data to surface reflectance. Using HyMap data collected in Wrangell-St. Elias National Park, Alaska, a simple atmospheric correction, assuming a single elevation and flat terrain, was compared to a complex atmospheric correction accounting for pixel-by-pixel variations in elevation and sensor viewing and illumination geometry. C1 [Kokaly, Raymond F.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Kokaly, RF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 1931 EP 1934 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114602010 ER PT S AU Kokaly, RF Hoefen, TM Graham, GE Kelley, KD Johnson, MR Hubbard, BE Goldfarb, RJ Buchhorn, M Prakash, A AF Kokaly, Raymond F. Hoefen, Todd M. Graham, Garth E. Kelley, Karen D. Johnson, Michaela R. Hubbard, Bernard E. Goldfarb, Richard J. Buchhorn, Marcel Prakash, Anupma GP IEEE TI MINERAL INFORMATION AT MICRON TO KILOMETER SCALES: LABORATORY, FIELD, AND REMOTE SENSING IMAGING SPECTROMETER DATA FROM THE ORANGE HILL PORPHYRY COPPER DEPOSIT, ALASKA, USA SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing IGARSS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 36th IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) CY JUL 10-15, 2016 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Geoscience & Remote Sensing Soc, NSSC DE hyperspectral; imaging spectroscopy; geology; mineral exploration; PRISM; MICA AB Using imaging spectrometers at multiple scales, the USGS, in collaboration with the University of Alaska, is examining the application of hyperspectral data for identifying largetonnage, base metal-rich deposits in Alaska. Recent studies have shown this technology can be applied to regional mineral mapping [1] and can be valuable for more local mineral exploration [2]. Passive optical remote sensing of high latitude regions faces many challenges, which include a short acquisition season and poor illumination due to low solar elevation [3]. Additional complications are encountered in the identification of surface minerals useful for mineral resource characterization because minerals of interest commonly are exposed on steep terrain, further challenging reflectance retrieval and detection of mineral signatures. Laboratory-based imaging spectrometer measurements of hand samples and field-based imaging spectrometer scans of outcrop are being analyzed to support and improve interpretations of remote sensing data collected by airborne imaging spectrometers and satellite multispectral sensors. C1 [Kokaly, Raymond F.; Hoefen, Todd M.; Graham, Garth E.; Kelley, Karen D.; Johnson, Michaela R.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Hubbard, Bernard E.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Goldfarb, Richard J.] China Univ Geosci, Sch Earth Sci & Resources, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Buchhorn, Marcel; Prakash, Anupma] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Kokaly, RF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA. OI Graham, Garth/0000-0003-0657-0365 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2153-6996 BN 978-1-5090-3332-4 J9 INT GEOSCI REMOTE SE PY 2016 BP 5418 EP 5421 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3QG UT WOS:000388114605087 ER PT S AU Pahlevan, N Sheldon, P Peri, F Wei, JW Shang, ZH Sun, QS Chen, RF Lee, Z Schaaf, CB Schott, JR Loveland, T AF Pahlevan, Nima Sheldon, Patrick Peri, Francesco Wei, Jianwei Shang, Zhehai Sun, Qingsong Chen, Robert F. Lee, Zhongping Schaaf, Crystal B. Schott, John R. Loveland, Thomas BE Halounova, L Safar, V Raju, PLN Planka, L Zdimal, V Kumar, TS Faruque, FS Kerr, Y Ramasamy, SM Comiso, J Hussin, YA Thenkabail, PS Lavender, S Skidmore, A Yue, P Patias, P Altan, O Weng, Q TI CALIBRATION/VALIDATION OF LANDSAT-DERIVED OCEAN COLOUR PRODUCTS IN BOSTON HARBOUR SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION VIII SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Landsat; ocean colour; coastal waters; algorithm development; water constituents AB The Landsat data archive provides a unique opportunity to investigate the long-term evolution of coastal ecosystems at fine spatial scales that cannot be resolved by ocean colour (OC) satellite sensors. Recognizing Landsat's limitations in applications over coastal waters, we have launched a series of field campaigns in Boston Harbor and Massachusetts Bay (MA, USA) to validate OC products derived from Landsat-8. We will provide a preliminary demonstration on the calibration/validation of the existing OC algorithms (atmospheric correction and in-water optical properties) to enhance monitoring efforts in Boston Harbor. To do so, Landsat optical images were first compared against ocean colour products over high-latitude regions. The in situ cruise data, including optical data (remote sensing reflectance) and water samples were analyzed to obtain insights into the optical and biogeochemical properties of near-surface waters. Along with the cruise data, three buoys were deployed in three locations across the Harbor to complement our database of concentrations of chlorophyll a, total suspended solids (TSS), and absorption of colour dissolved organic matter (CDOM). The data collected during the first year of the project are used to develop and/or tune OC algorithms. The data will be combined with historic field data to map in-water constituents back to the early 1990's. This paper presents preliminary analysis of some of the data collected under Landsat-8 overpasses. C1 [Pahlevan, Nima] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Pahlevan, Nima] Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. [Sheldon, Patrick; Peri, Francesco; Wei, Jianwei; Shang, Zhehai; Sun, Qingsong; Chen, Robert F.; Lee, Zhongping; Schaaf, Crystal B.] Univ Massachusetts, 100 Morrissey Blvd, Boston, MA 02125 USA. [Schott, John R.] Rochester Inst Technol, 54 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Loveland, Thomas] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57030 USA. RP Pahlevan, N (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.; Pahlevan, N (reprint author), Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, 10210 Greenbelt Rd, Lanham, MD 20706 USA. EM nima.pahlevan@nasa.gov; Patrick.Sheldon001@umb.edu; Francesco.Peri@umb.edu; Jianwei.Wei@umb.edu; Zhehai.Shang001@umb.edu; Qingsong.Sun@umb.edu; Bob.Chen@umb.edu; ZhongPing.Lee@umb.edu; Crystal.Schaaf@umb.edu; schott@cis.rit.edu; loveland@usgs.gov OI Sun, Qingsong/0000-0002-7710-2123 FU MIT SeaGrant program [2015-R/RC-140]; Ed Masuoka of the Terrestrial Information Systems Lab at NASA GSFC FX Support for this work has been provided by the MIT SeaGrant program under the Award # 2015-R/RC-140. We also acknowledge the support by Ed Masuoka of the Terrestrial Information Systems Lab at NASA GSFC. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B8 BP 1165 EP 1168 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B8-1165-2016 PG 4 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Remote Sensing GA BG9GE UT WOS:000393156000197 ER PT J AU Fowler, KR Jenkins, EW Parno, M Chrispell, JC Colon, AI Hanson, RT AF Fowler, K. R. Jenkins, E. W. Parno, M. Chrispell, J. C. Colon, A. I. Hanson, R. T. TI Development and Use of Mathematical Models and Software Frameworks for Integrated Analysis of Agricultural Systems and Associated Water Use Impacts SO AIMS AGRICULTURE AND FOOD LA English DT Article DE multi-objective optimization; water management; crop planning; code coupling ID HIGH-PLAINS AQUIFER; EVOLUTIONARY ALGORITHMS; MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; CONJUNCTIVE USE; FARM PROCESS; SUSTAINABILITY; OPTIMIZATION; CHALLENGES; SIMULATION; RESOURCES AB The development of appropriate water management strategies requires, in part, a methodology for quantifying and evaluating the impact of water policy decisions on regional stakeholders. In this work, we describe the framework we are developing to enhance the body of resources available to policy makers, farmers, and other community members in their efforts to understand, quantify, and assess the often competing objectives water consumers have with respect to usage. The foundation for the framework is the construction of a simulation-based optimization software tool using two existing software packages. In particular, we couple a robust optimization software suite (DAKOTA) with the USGS MF-OWHM water management simulation tool to provide a flexible software environment that will enable the evaluation of one or multiple (possibly competing) user-defined (or stakeholder) objectives. We introduce the individual software components and outline the communication strategy we defined for the coupled development. We present numerical results for case studies related to crop portfolio management with several defined objectives. The objectives are not optimally satisfied for any single user class, demonstrating the capability of the software tool to aid in the evaluation of a variety of competing interests. C1 [Fowler, K. R.; Colon, A. I.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Math, 8 Clarkson Ave, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA. [Jenkins, E. W.] Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, O105 Martin Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Parno, M.] MIT, Dept Aeronaut & Astronaut, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chrispell, J. C.] Indiana Univ Penn, Dept Math, 210 South 10th St, Indiana, PA 15705 USA. [Hanson, R. T.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd, San Diego, CA 92140 USA. RP Jenkins, EW (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Math Sci, O105 Martin Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM lea@clemson.edu FU American Institute of Mathematics; McNair Scholars program FX We would like to thank the American Institute of Mathematics for facilitating and supporting this collaboration. We would also like to thank the McNair Scholars program for their support of this work. We thank Corey Ostrove of the Applied Research Laboratories, The University of Texas at Austin, and Matthew Farthing of the Engineer Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, for their initial efforts on this framework. We would also like to thank USGS internal reviewers and the anonymous referee for the journal for suggestions that improved this manuscript, and we thank Dr. Alexander Schreiber for his assistance in generating figures. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES-AIMS PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 2471-2086 J9 AIMS AGRIC FOOD JI AIMS AGRIC. FOOD PY 2016 VL 1 IS 2 BP 208 EP 226 DI 10.3934/agrfood.2016.2.208 PG 19 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Agronomy SC Agriculture GA EK7NS UT WOS:000394113100007 ER PT J AU Adimey, NM Ross, M Hall, M Reid, JP Barlas, ME Diagne, LWK Bonde, RK AF Adimey, Nicole M. Ross, Monica Hall, Madison Reid, James P. Barlas, Margaret E. Diagne, Lucy W. Keith Bonde, Robert K. TI Twenty-Six Years of Post-Release Monitoring of Florida Manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris): Evaluation of a Cooperative Rehabilitation Program SO AQUATIC MAMMALS LA English DT Article DE rehabilitation; manatee; Trichechus manatus latirostris; monitoring; captive; post-release; telemetry ID BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; HEDGEHOGS ERINACEUS-EUROPAEUS; MARINE MAMMALS; UNITED-STATES; LONG-TERM; RELEASE; SURVIVAL; MOVEMENTS; MORTALITY; CAPTIVITY AB The rescue, rehabilitation, and release of Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) into the wild has occurred since 1974; however, a comprehensive evaluation of the outcomes of the releases has never been conducted. Herein, we examined data for 136 Florida manatees that were rehabilitated and released with telemetry tags between 1988 and 2013 to determine release outcome of each individual as either success (acclimation) or failure after at least 1 y. Ten predictor variables were statistically evaluated for potential relationships to release outcome. To assess the contribution of each predictor variable to release outcome, each variable was tested for significance in univariate analyses. Manatees born in captivity experienced poor success after release (14%), whereas the overall success of wild-born individuals was higher (72%). When compared with other variables in our dataset, number of days in captivity was the strongest predictor for determining success. Manatees rescued as calves and held in captivity for more than 5 y had a high likelihood of failure, while subadults and adults had a high likelihood of success, regardless of the amount of time spent in captivity. Ensuring the success of individual manatees after release is critical for evaluating the contribution of the manatee rehabilitation program to the growth of the wild population. C1 [Adimey, Nicole M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 7915 Baymeadows Way,Suite 200, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA. [Ross, Monica; Diagne, Lucy W. Keith] Sea To Shore Alliance, 4411 Bee Ridge Rd,490, Sarasota, FL 34233 USA. [Hall, Madison] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, Biol Sci Bldg,4110 Libra Dr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Reid, James P.; Bonde, Robert K.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Sirenia Project, 7920 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Barlas, Margaret E.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 100 Eighth Ave SE, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Adimey, Nicole M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Adimey, NM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 7915 Baymeadows Way,Suite 200, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA.; Adimey, NM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Off Protected Resources, 1315 East West Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM nicoleadimey@gmail.com NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS PI MOLINE PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA SN 0167-5427 J9 AQUAT MAMM JI Aquat. Mamm. PY 2016 VL 42 IS 3 BP 376 EP 391 DI 10.1578/AM.42.3.2016.376 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA EJ7LS UT WOS:000393403800014 ER PT J AU Douglas-Mankin, KR Surratt, DD AF Douglas-Mankin, K. R. Surratt, D. D. TI ANALYSIS OF MODELS TO REPLACE MISSING STAGE DATA IN AN EVERGLADES MARSH AND CANAL SYSTEM SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Water balance; Water stage measurement; Wetlands ID WETLAND; FLORIDA; USA AB Complete, accurate water stage data are often essential for timely, informed water resource analysis, management, and planning. Periods of missing data in long-term water-monitoring programs are inevitable and must be addressed. This study addressed the concern that missing daily stage data have led to miscalculation of the stage-based nutrient criterion in a Florida Everglades marsh and canal system by assessing two models to replace the missing data: a new daily water-balance-based model (WB) and the well-documented gap-fill model (GF) that estimates daily stage based on statistical relationships to selected reference gages. Both models were assessed for data gaps of 1, 7, and 14 days by comparing daily stage estimates to measured stage for every possible 1-day, 7-day, and 14-day data gap over the January 1999 through April 2015 period of record. Both models resulted in smaller overall errors for back-filling marsh gage data than for canal gage data. The WB model was best for filling data gaps up to 14 days at the marsh gages in all seasons. The WB model also outperformed the GF model for the canal gage in all months except June and, to a lesser degree, May and August. Although each model provided a systematic method to replace missing stage data, thereby reducing the bias inherent in calculating the nutrient criterion for cases with missing data, the physical-process-based WB model outperformed the empirical-based GF model and minimized the need for manual error-screening methods to offset errors during periods of poor model performance. C1 [Douglas-Mankin, K. R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Everglades Program Team, Washington, DC USA. [Surratt, D. D.] Natl Pk Serv, Everglades Program Team, Boynton Beach, FL USA. RP Douglas-Mankin, KR (reprint author), ARM Loxahatchee Natl Wildlife Refuge, 10216 Lee Rd, Boynton Beach, FL 33473 USA. EM krdmankin@gmail.com NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2016 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1313 EP 1319 DI 10.13031/trans.59.11743 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA EJ0VP UT WOS:000392929300029 ER PT J AU Polasek, LK Frost, C David, JHM Meyer, MA Davis, RW AF Polasek, Lori K. Frost, Charles David, Jeremy H. M. Meyer, Michael A. Davis, Randall W. TI Myoglobin Distribution in the Locomotory Muscles of Cape Fur Seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus) SO AQUATIC MAMMALS LA English DT Article DE Cape fur seal; Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus; myoglobin; oxygen stores; pectoralis muscle ID SKELETAL-MUSCLES; DIVING BEHAVIOR; PHOCA-VITULINA; DORIFERUS; MAMMALS; ADAPTATIONS; PINNIPEDS; CAPACITY AB Diving animals rely on oxygen stored in their blood, muscles, and lungs to maintain aerobic metabolism during routine dives. This is made possible primarily by an elevated mass-specific blood volume, hemoglobin concentration, and muscle myoglobin concentration relative to terrestrial animals. In our previous studies of harbor seals and five species of cetaceans, the distribution of myoglobin in the locomotory muscles (epaxial and hypaxial muscles along the spine) was not uniform and was elevated in areas that generated greater force during swimming. In this study, we examined the fine-scale distribution of myoglobin in transverse sections of the primary swimming, or locomotory, muscles (pectoralis complex) of six male and four female Cape fur seals (Arctocephalus pusillus pusillus). The mean myoglobin concentration for all muscle samples was 36.9 +/- 5.8 mg g(-1) (range of mean values = 28.4 to 51.1). There were no significant differences in the distribution of myoglobin within and among transverse sections; however, the mean concentrations in all sections were significantly higher (p < 0.001) in females (41.6 mg g(-1) +/- 6.1) than for males (33.8 mg g(-1) +/- 2.8). The results from this study and our previous research indicate sufficient myoglobin concentrations to support an ability to store oxygen in skeletal muscles, reflecting adaptations for aerobic diving. C1 [Polasek, Lori K.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Oceans Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Polasek, Lori K.] Alaska SeaLife Ctr, 301 Railway Ave,POB 1329, Seward, AK 99664 USA. [Frost, Charles] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA 01035 USA. [David, Jeremy H. M.; Meyer, Michael A.] Dept Environm Affairs, Oceans & Coasts, P Bag X2,Rogge Bay 8012, Cape Town, South Africa. [Davis, Randall W.] Texas A&M Univ, OCSB, Dept Marine Biol, 200 Seawolf Pkwy, Galveston, TX 77551 USA. RP Polasek, LK (reprint author), Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Oceans Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Polasek, LK (reprint author), Alaska SeaLife Ctr, 301 Railway Ave,POB 1329, Seward, AK 99664 USA. EM lorip@alaskasealife.org NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS PI MOLINE PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA SN 0167-5427 J9 AQUAT MAMM JI Aquat. Mamm. PY 2016 VL 42 IS 4 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1578/AM.42.4.2016.421 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA EJ7NQ UT WOS:000393409500002 ER PT J AU Harshaw, LT Larkin, IV Bonde, RK Deutsch, CJ Hill, RC AF Harshaw, Lauren T. Larkin, Iskande V. Bonde, Robert K. Deutsch, Charles J. Hill, Richard C. TI Morphometric Body Condition Indices of Wild Florida Manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) SO AQUATIC MAMMALS LA English DT Article DE body condition; morphometrics; nutrition; allometry; Florida manatee; Trichechus manatus latirostris ID LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATIONSHIPS; DUGONG-DUGON; RIVER; MASS; SEA; CONSERVATION; POPULATION; QUEENSLAND; BIOLOGY; SIZE AB In many species, body weight (W) increases geometrically with body length (L), so W/L-3 provides a body condition index (BCI) that can be used to evaluate nutritional status once a normal range has been established. No such index has been established for Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris). This study was designed to determine a normal range of BCIs of Florida manatees by comparing W in kg with straight total length (SL), curvilinear total length (CL), and umbilical girth (UG) in m for 146 wild manatees measured during winter health assessments at three Florida locations. Small calves to large adults of SL from 1.47 to 3.23 m and W from 77 to 751 kg were compared. BCIs were significantly greater in adult females than in adult males (p < 0.05). W scaled proportionally to L-3 in females but not in males, which were slimmer than females. The logarithms of W and of each linear measurement were regressed to develop amended indices that allow for sex differences. The regression slope for log W against log SL was 2.915 in females and 2.578 in males; W/SL2.915 ranged from 18.9 to 29.6 (mean 23.2) in females and from 24.6 to 37.3 (mean 29.8) in males. Some BCIs were slightly (4%), but significantly (p <= 0.05), higher for females in Crystal River than in Tampa Bay or Indian River, but there was no evidence of geographic variation in condition among males. These normal ranges should help evaluate the nutritional status of both wild and rehabilitating captive manatees. C1 [Harshaw, Lauren T.; Larkin, Iskande V.; Hill, Richard C.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Aquat Anim Hlth Harshaw Larkin & Small Anim Clin, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Bonde, Robert K.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Deutsch, Charles J.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, 1105 SW Williston Rd, Gainesville, FL 32601 USA. RP Hill, RC (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Aquat Anim Hlth Harshaw Larkin & Small Anim Clin, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM HillR@Ufl.edu FU Aquatic Animal Health Program at the University of Florida's College of Veterinary Medicine FX The authors wish to thank the Aquatic Animal Health Program at the University of Florida's College of Veterinary Medicine for funding through a seed grant, and the FWC and the USGS Sirenia Project for data collection. This study was conducted under USFWS Federal Research Permits issued to the FWC (MA-773494) and the USGS (MA-791721). This work was part of a dissertation project completed in August 2012. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS PI MOLINE PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA SN 0167-5427 J9 AQUAT MAMM JI Aquat. Mamm. PY 2016 VL 42 IS 4 BP 428 EP 439 DI 10.1578/AM.42.4.2016.428 PG 12 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA EJ7NQ UT WOS:000393409500003 ER PT J AU Takeuchi, NY Walsh, MT Bonde, RK Powell, JA Bass, DA Gaspard, JC Barber, DS AF Takeuchi, Noel Y. Walsh, Michael T. Bonde, Robert K. Powell, James A. Bass, Dean A. Gaspard, Joseph C., III Barber, David S. TI Baseline Reference Range for Trace Metal Concentrations in Whole Blood of Wild and Managed West Indian Manatees (Trichechus manatus) in Florida and Belize SO AQUATIC MAMMALS LA English DT Article DE metal; blood; West Indian manatee; Trichechus manatus; Florida; Belize ID PORPOISES PHOCOENOIDES-DALLI; BOTTLE-NOSED DOLPHINS; ELEMENT CONCENTRATIONS; ZINC TOXICOSIS; CONTAMINANT CONCENTRATIONS; MARINE ANIMALS; TREATED WOOD; SEA-TURTLES; SELENIUM; MAMMALS AB The West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus) is exposed to a number of anthropogenic influences, including metals, as they inhabit shallow waters with close proximity to shore. While maintaining homeostasis of many metals is crucial for health, there is currently no baseline reference range that can be used to make clinical and environmental decisions for this endangered species. In this study, whole blood samples from 151 manatees were collected during health assessments performed in Florida and Belize from 2008 through 2011. Whole blood samples (n = 37) from managed care facilities in Florida and Belize from 2009 through 2011 were also used in this study. The concentrations of 17 metals in whole blood were determined, and the data were used to derive a baseline reference range. Impacts of capture location, age, and sex on whole blood metal concentrations were examined. Location and age were related to copper concentrations as values were significantly higher in habitats near urban areas and in calves. Copper may also be a husbandry concern as concentrations were significantly higher in managed manatees (1.17 +/- 0.04 ppm) than wild manatees (0.73 +/- 0.02 ppm). Zinc (11.20 +/- 0.30 ppm) was of special interest as normal concentrations were two to five times higher than other marine mammal species. Arsenic concentrations were higher in Belize (0.43 +/- 0.07 ppm), with Placencia Lagoon having twice the concentration of Belize City and Southern Lagoon. Selenium concentrations were lower (0.18 +/- 0.09 ppm) than in other marine mammal species. The lowest selenium concentrations were observed in rehabilitating and managed manatees which may warrant additional monitoring in managed care facilities. The established preliminary baseline reference range can be used by clinicians, biologists, and managers to monitor the health of West Indian manatees. C1 [Takeuchi, Noel Y.; Barber, David S.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Physiol Sci, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, 2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Takeuchi, Noel Y.] Univ S Florida, Biol Sci, Coll Arts & Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Walsh, Michael T.] Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Large Anim Clin Sci, Aquat Anim Hlth Program, 2015 SW 16th Ave, Gainesville, FL 32608 USA. [Bonde, Robert K.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Powell, James A.] Sea Shore Alliance, 200 2nd Ave South 315, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. [Bass, Dean A.] Doctors Data Inc, 3755 Illinois Ave, St Charles, IL 60174 USA. [Gaspard, Joseph C., III] Pittsburgh Zoo & PPG Aquarium, One Wild Pl, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 USA. RP Takeuchi, NY (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Physiol Sci, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, 2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Takeuchi, NY (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Biol Sci, Coll Arts & Sci, 140 7th Ave S, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. EM ntakeuchi@mail.usf.edu NR 53 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EUROPEAN ASSOC AQUATIC MAMMALS PI MOLINE PA C/O DR JEANETTE THOMAS, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, WESTERN ILLIONIS UNIV-QUAD CITIES, 3561 60TH STREET, MOLINE, IL 61265 USA SN 0167-5427 J9 AQUAT MAMM JI Aquat. Mamm. PY 2016 VL 42 IS 4 BP 440 EP 453 DI 10.1578/AM.42.4.2016.440 PG 14 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA EJ7NQ UT WOS:000393409500004 ER PT J AU Lloyd, P Martin, TE Taylor, A Braae, A Altwegg, R AF Lloyd, Penn Martin, Thomas E. Taylor, Andrew Braae, Anne Altwegg, Res TI Age, sex and social influences on adult survival in the cooperatively breeding Karoo Scrub-robin SO EMU LA English DT Article DE cost of reproduction; delayed dispersal; juvenile survival; life history ID LIFE-HISTORY EVOLUTION; SOUTH TEMPERATE BIRDS; DELAYED DISPERSAL; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; HABITAT-SATURATION; PHILETAIRUS-SOCIUS; POSTFLEDGING CARE; TERRITORY QUALITY; HELPING-BEHAVIOR; MARKED ANIMALS AB Among cooperatively breeding species, helpers are hypothesised to increase the survival of breeders by reducing breeder workload in offspring care and increased group vigilance against predators. Furthermore, parental nepotism or other benefits of group living may provide a survival benefit to young that delay dispersal to help. We tested these hypotheses in the Karoo Scrub-robin (Cercotrichas coryphaeus), a long-lived, and facultative cooperatively breeding species in which male helpers make substantial contributions to the care of young. We found that annual breeder survival in the presence of helpers did not differ detectably from breeders without helpers or breeders that lost helpers. Furthermore, helpers did not gain a survival benefit from deferred breeding; apparent survival did not differ detectably between male helpers and male breeders followed from one year old. These results are consistent with other studies suggesting a lack of adult survival benefits among species where breeders do not substantially reduce workloads when helpers are present. They are also consistent with the hypothesis that males that delay dispersal make the 'best of a bad job' by helping on their natal territory to gain indirect fitness benefits when they are unable to obtain a territory vacancy nearby. C1 [Lloyd, Penn; Taylor, Andrew; Braae, Anne] Univ Cape Town, Natl Res Fdn Ctr Excellence, Dept Sci & Technol, Percy FitzPatrick Inst, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Lloyd, Penn] Biodivers Assessment & Management Pty Ltd, POB 1376, Cleveland, Qld 4163, Australia. [Martin, Thomas E.] Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Taylor, Andrew] Endangered Wildlife Trust, Private Bag X11, ZA-1609 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Braae, Anne] Univ Nottingham, Queens Med Ctr, Sch Life Sci, Translat Cell Sci, Nottingham NG7 2UH, England. [Altwegg, Res] Univ Cape Town, Dept Stat Sci, Ctr Stat Ecol Environm & Conservat, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Altwegg, Res] Univ Cape Town, African Climate & Dev Initiat, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa. RP Lloyd, P (reprint author), Univ Cape Town, Natl Res Fdn Ctr Excellence, Dept Sci & Technol, Percy FitzPatrick Inst, Private Bag X3, ZA-7701 Rondebosch, South Africa.; Lloyd, P (reprint author), Biodivers Assessment & Management Pty Ltd, POB 1376, Cleveland, Qld 4163, Australia. EM penn@baamecology.com FU National Research Foundation grants; National Science Foundation grants [INT-9906030, DEB-0841764, DEB-1241041] FX We thank volunteer banders from the Tygerberg Bird Club for extensive assistance with colour-banding birds, particularly Margaret McCall, Bob Ellis, Lee Silks, and Bridget de Kok. Many field assistants helped locate and monitor nests and resight the colour-band combinations of breeding adults each year, particularly Sonya Auer, Ron Bassar, Simon Davies, David Nkosi, Davide Gaglio, Pierre-Yves Perroi, Justin Shew, Anna Chalfoun, Riccardo Ton, Alexander Neu, Julia Taubman and Bettina Christ. We thank Gert Greef and Hilton Westman for permission to work at ESKOM's Koeberg Nature Reserve. We thank Adrian Craig and two anonymous reviewers for comments that have improved the manuscript. This work was supported in part through National Research Foundation grants (to PL and RA) and National Science Foundation grants (INT-9906030, DEB-0841764, DEB-1241041 to TEM). Capture and banding activities were licenced by the Western Cape Nature Conservation Board and SAFRING, the South African bird-banding scheme, and approved by the Animal Ethics Committee, University of Cape Town and IACUC #059-10TMMCWRU at the University of Montana. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the USA Government. NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 0158-4197 EI 1448-5540 J9 EMU JI Emu PY 2016 VL 116 IS 4 BP 394 EP 401 DI 10.1071/MU15076 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EJ4PN UT WOS:000393199400010 ER PT J AU Agouridis, CT Douglas-Mankin, KR Linhoss, AC Mittelstet, AR AF Agouridis, C. T. Douglas-Mankin, K. R. Linhoss, A. C. Mittelstet, A. R. TI WETLANDS AND COASTAL SYSTEMS: PROTECTING AND RESTORING VALUABLE ECOSYSTEMS SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article DE Hydrology; Planning; Vegetation; Water quality ID RESTORATION AB Wetlands and coastal systems are unique, highly productive, and often threatened landscapes that provide a host of services to both humans and the environment. This article introduces a five-article Wetlands and Coastal Systems Special Collection that evolved from a featured session at the 2015 ASABE Annual International Meeting in New Orleans, Louisiana. The Collection provides perspectives on tools and techniques for enhancing the protection and restoration of wetlands and coastal systems with emphasis on vegetation, hydrology, water quality, and planning. Topics span the Florida Everglades (two articles) and Virginia floodplain (one article) wetland systems and include remote sensing (one article) and geographic information system-based (one article) modeling tools developed to address wetland planning and analysis issues. The Special Collection provides valuable information to engineers, scientists, planners, and other specialists working on large-scale and small-scale wetlands and coastal systems. C1 [Agouridis, C. T.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, Lexington, KY USA. [Douglas-Mankin, K. R.] USGS, New Mexico Water Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Linhoss, A. C.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Mittelstet, A. R.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Agouridis, CT (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, 207 CE Barnhart Bldg, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. EM carmen.agouridis@uky.edu NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2016 VL 59 IS 5 BP 1301 EP 1303 DI 10.13031/trans.59.12103 PG 3 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA EJ0VP UT WOS:000392929300027 ER PT J AU Chaubey, I Bosch, DD Munoz-Carpena, R Harmel, RD Douglas-Mankin, KR Nejadhashemi, AP Srivastava, P Shirmohammadi, A AF Chaubey, I. Bosch, D. D. Munoz-Carpena, R. Harmel, R. Daren Douglas-Mankin, K. R. Nejadhashemi, A. P. Srivastava, P. Shirmohammadi, A. TI CLIMATE CHANGE: A CALL FOR ADAPTATION AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES SO Transactions of the ASABE LA English DT Article DE Adaptation; Agricultural production; Climate change; Mitigation; Water ID MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES; CHANGE SCENARIOS; CHANGE IMPACTS; SOIL-EROSION; HEAT-STRESS; AFRICA; VULNERABILITY; GROUNDWATER; UNCERTAINTY AB Projected climate change is expected to substantially affect crop and livestock production, and water availability and quality. Concomitantly, the agricultural community is faced with a challenge of increasing food production by more than 70% to meet demand from global population increase by the mid-21st century. This article introduces a Special Collection on Climate Change and reviews principal findings from nine articles drawn from papers presented at the 2015 ASABE 1st Climate Change. Adaptation and Mitigation Symposium. Studies present simulations of crop and livestock production-system adaptations to climate change scenarios; impacts of climate change scenarios on water resources, soil erosion and nonpoint-source pollutant source areas; regional assessment of climatic shifts; and mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions from livestock production. Articles span regional issues across the U.S., southern Asia, and Brazil. These research articles clearly indicate that climate variability and change can negatively impact food production and water resources, and that innovative strategies are needed to mitigate those negative impacts. C1 [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Chaubey, I.] Purdue Univ, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, Southeast Watershed Res Lab, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Munoz-Carpena, R.] Univ Florida, Dept Agr & Biol Engn, Gainesville, FL USA. [Harmel, R. Daren] USDA ARS, Ctr Agr Resources Res, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Douglas-Mankin, K. R.] US Geol Survey, New Mexico Water Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Nejadhashemi, A. P.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biosyst & Agr Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Srivastava, P.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biosyst Engn, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Shirmohammadi, A.] Univ Maryland, Res & Agr Expt Stn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Chaubey, I (reprint author), Purdue Univ, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM ichaubey@purdue.edu NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 2151-0032 EI 2151-0040 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PY 2016 VL 59 IS 6 BP 1709 EP 1713 DI 10.13031/trans.59.12138 PG 5 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA EJ0WU UT WOS:000392932500022 ER PT S AU Sampath, A Heidemann, HK Stensaas, GL AF Sampath, A. Heidemann, H. K. Stensaas, G. L. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Toth, CK Karas, J Huadong, G Haala, N Habib, A Reinartz, P Tang, X Li, J Armenakis, C Grenzdorffer, G LeRoux, P Stylianidis, S Blasi, R Menard, M Dufourmount, H Li, Z TI GEOMETRIC QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF LIDAR DATA BASED ON SWATH OVERLAP SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission I SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Lidar; Quality; Geometry; Relative; Accuracy AB This paper provides guidelines on quantifying the relative horizontal and vertical errors observed between conjugate features in the overlapping regions of lidar data. The quantification of these errors is important because their presence quantifies the geometric quality of the data. A data set can be said to have good geometric quality if measurements of identical features, regardless of their position or orientation, yield identical results. Good geometric quality indicates that the data are produced using sensor models that are working as they are mathematically designed, and data acquisition processes are not introducing any unforeseen distortion in the data. High geometric quality also leads to high geolocation accuracy of the data when the data acquisition process includes coupling the sensor with geopositioning systems. Current specifications (e.g. Heidemann 2014) do not provide adequate means to quantitatively measure these errors, even though they are required to be reported. Current accuracy measurement and reporting practices followed in the industry and as recommended by data specification documents also potentially underestimate the inter swath errors, including the presence of systematic errors in lidar data. Hence they pose a risk to the user in terms of data acceptance (i.e. a higher potential for Type II error indicating risk of accepting potentially unsuitable data). For example, if the overlap area is too small or if the sampled locations are close to the center of overlap, or if the errors are sampled in flat regions when there are residual pitch errors in the data, the resultant Root Mean Square Differences (RMSD) can still be small. To avoid this, the following are suggested to be used as criteria for defining the inter-swath quality of data: a) Median Discrepancy Angle b) Mean and RMSD of Horizontal Errors using DQM measured on sloping surfaces c)RMSD for sampled locations from flat areas (defined as areas with less than 5 degrees of slope) It is suggested that 4000-5000 points are uniformly sampled in the overlapping regions of the point cloud, and depending on the surface roughness, to measure the discrepancy between swaths. Care must be taken to sample only areas of single return points only. Point-to-Plane distance based data quality measures are determined for each sample point. These measurements are used to determine the above mentioned parameters. This paper details the measurements and analysis of measurements required to determine these metrics, i.e. Discrepancy Angle, Mean and RMSD of errors in flat regions and horizontal errors obtained using measurements extracted from sloping regions (slope greater than 10 degrees). The research is a result of an ad-hoc joint working group of the US Geological Survey and the American Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (ASPRS) Airborne Lidar Committee. C1 [Sampath, A.] US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, SGT, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Heidemann, H. K.; Stensaas, G. L.] US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Sampath, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, EROS Data Ctr, SGT, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. EM aparajithan.sampath.ctr@usgs.gov; kheidemann@usgs.gov; stensaas@usgs.gov FU ASPRS; US Geological Survey's National Geo spatial Technical Operations Center (NGTOC) FX The authors would like to acknowledge the contributions and support of the members of the ASPRS and the US Geological Survey's National Geo spatial Technical Operations Center (NGTOC) for this work. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B1 BP 93 EP 99 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B1-93-2016 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG8WP UT WOS:000392750100017 ER PT S AU Lyda, AW Zhang, X Glennie, CL Hudnut, K Brooks, BA AF Lyda, A. W. Zhang, X. Glennie, C. L. Hudnut, K. Brooks, B. A. BE Halounova, L Li, S Safar, V Tomkova, M Rapant, P Brazdil, K Shi, W Anton, F Liu, Y Stein, A Cheng, T Pettit, C Li, QQ Sester, M Mostafavi, MA Madden, M Tong, X Brovelli, MA HaeKyong, K Kawashima, H Coltekin, A TI AIRBORNE LIGHT DETECTION AND RANGING (LIDAR) DERIVED DEFORMATION FROM THE MW 6.0 24 AUGUST, 2014 SOUTH NAPA EARTHQUAKE ESTIMATED BY TWO AND THREE DIMENSIONAL POINT CLOUD CHANGE DETECTION TECHNIQUES SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission II SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE LiDAR; Change Detection; ICP; PIV; Earthquake Deformation; Near Field; Geodetic Marker ID DIFFERENTIAL LIDAR AB Remote sensing via LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) has proven extremely useful in both Earth science and hazard related studies. Surveys taken before and after an earthquake for example, can provide decimeter-level, 3D near-field estimates of land deformation that offer better spatial coverage of the near field rupture zone than other geodetic methods (e.g., InSAR, GNSS, or alignment array). In this study, we compare and contrast estimates of deformation obtained from different pre and post-event airborne laser scanning (ALS) data sets of the 2014 South Napa Earthquake using two change detection algorithms, Iterative Control Point (ICP) and Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV). The ICP algorithm is a closest point based registration algorithm that can iteratively acquire three dimensional deformations from airborne LiDAR data sets. By employing a newly proposed partition scheme, "moving window," to handle the large spatial scale point cloud over the earthquake rupture area, the ICP process applies a rigid registration of data sets within an overlapped window to enhance the change detection results of the local, spatially varying surface deformation near-fault. The other algorithm, PIV, is a well-established, two dimensional image co-registration and correlation technique developed in fluid mechanics research and later applied to geotechnical studies. Adapted here for an earthquake with little vertical movement, the 3D point cloud is interpolated into a 2D DTM image and horizontal deformation is determined by assessing the cross-correlation of interrogation areas within the images to find the most likely deformation between two areas. Both the PIV process and the ICP algorithm are further benefited by a presented, novel use of urban geodetic markers. Analogous to the persistent scatterer technique employed with differential radar observations, this new LiDAR application exploits a classified point cloud dataset to assist the change detection algorithms. Ground deformation results and statistics from these techniques are presented and discussed here with supplementary analyses of the differences between techniques and the effects of temporal spacing between LiDAR datasets. Results show that both change detection methods provide consistent near field deformation comparable to field observed offsets. The deformation can vary in quality but estimated standard deviations are always below thirty one centimeters. This variation in quality differentiates the methods and proves that factors such as geodetic markers and temporal spacing play major roles in the outcomes of ALS change detection surveys. C1 [Lyda, A. W.; Zhang, X.; Glennie, C. L.] Univ Houston, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Hudnut, K.] US Geol Survey, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA. [Brooks, B. A.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Glennie, CL (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM awlyda@uh.edu; xzhang39@uh.edu; clglennie@uh.edu; hudnut@usgs.gov; bbrooks@usgs.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B2 BP 35 EP 42 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B2-35-2016 PG 8 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG8WO UT WOS:000392747900006 ER PT S AU Gesch, D Oimoen, M Danielson, J Meyer, D AF Gesch, D. Oimoen, M. Danielson, J. Meyer, D. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI VALIDATION OF THE ASTER GLOBAL DIGITAL ELEVATION MODEL VERSION 3 OVER THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Accuracy; DEM/DTM; Comparison; Geodesy; Global-Environmental-Databases; Land Cover; Mapping; Satellite ID SRTM; GDEM; COVER AB The ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model Version 3 (GDEM v3) was evaluated over the conterminous United States in a manner similar to the validation conducted for the original GDEM Version 1 (v1) in 2009 and GDEM Version 2 (v2) in 2011. The absolute vertical accuracy of GDEM v3 was calculated by comparison with more than 23,000 independent reference geodetic ground control points from the U.S. National Geodetic Survey. The root mean square error (RMSE) measured for GDEM v3 is 8.52 meters. This compares with the RMSE of 8.68 meters for GDEM v2. Another important descriptor of vertical accuracy is the mean error, or bias, which indicates if a DEM has an overall vertical offset from true ground level. The GDEM v3 mean error of -1.20 meters reflects an overall negative bias in GDEM v3. The absolute vertical accuracy assessment results, both mean error and RMSE, were segmented by land cover type to provide insight into how GDEM v3 performs in various land surface conditions. While the RMSE varies little across cover types (6.92 to 9.25 meters), the mean error (bias) does appear to be affected by land cover type, ranging from -2.99 to+4.16 meters across 14 land cover classes. These results indicate that in areas where built or natural aboveground features are present, GDEM v3 is measuring elevations above the ground level, a condition noted in assessments of previous GDEM versions (v1 and v2) and an expected condition given the type of stereo-optical image data collected by ASTER. GDEM v3 was also evaluated by differencing with the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) dataset. In many forested areas, GDEM v3 has elevations that are higher in the canopy than SRTM. The overall validation effort also included an evaluation of the GDEM v3 water mask. In general, the number of distinct water polygons in GDEM v3 is much lower than the number in a reference land cover dataset, but the total areas compare much more closely. C1 [Gesch, D.; Danielson, J.; Meyer, D.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Oimoen, M.] SGT Inc, USGS Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Gesch, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM gesch@usgs.gov; daniels@usgs.gov; dmeyer@usgs.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 143 EP 148 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-143-2016 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100023 ER PT S AU Edmundson, KL Alexandrov, O Archinal, BA Becker, KJ Becker, TL Kirk, RL Moratto, ZM Nefian, AV Richie, O Robinson, MS AF Edmundson, K. L. Alexandrov, O. Archinal, B. A. Becker, K. J. Becker, T. L. Kirk, R. L. Moratto, Z. M. Nefian, A. V. Richie, O. Robinson, M. S. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI PHOTOGRAMMETRIC PROCESSING OF APOLLO 15 METRIC CAMERA OBLIQUE IMAGES SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE Apollo 15; Extra-terrestrial; Mapping; Metric Camera; Oblique; Photogrammetry AB The integrated photogrammetric mapping system flown on the last three Apollo lunar missions (15, 16, and 17) in the early 1970s incorporated a Metric (mapping) Camera, a high-resolution Panoramic Camera, and a star camera and laser altimeter to provide support data. In an ongoing collaboration, the U.S. Geological Survey's Astrogeology Science Center, the Intelligent Robotics Group of the NASA Ames Research Center, and Arizona State University are working to achieve the most complete cartographic development of Apollo mapping system data into versatile digital map products. These will enable a variety of scientific/engineering uses of the data including mission planning, geologic mapping, geophysical process modelling, slope dependent correction of spectral data, and change detection. Here we describe efforts to control the oblique images acquired from the Apollo 15 Metric Camera. C1 [Edmundson, K. L.; Archinal, B. A.; Becker, K. J.; Becker, T. L.; Kirk, R. L.; Richie, O.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Alexandrov, O.; Nefian, A. V.] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Moratto, Z. M.] Google Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Robinson, M. S.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Edmundson, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM kedmundson@usgs.gov; oleg.alexandrov@nasa.gov; zmoratto@gmail.com; robinson@ser.asu.edu FU NASA Lunar Advanced Science and Exploration Research program [NNH12AU53I] FX This work has been funded by the NASA Lunar Advanced Science and Exploration Research program under contract # NNH12AU53I. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 375 EP 381 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-375-2016 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100061 ER PT S AU Kirk, RL Barrett, JM Wahl, DE Erteza, I Jackowatz, CV Yocky, DA Turner, S Bussey, DBJ Paterson, GW AF Kirk, R. L. Barrett, J. M. Wahl, D. E. Erteza, I. Jackowatz, C. V. Yocky, D. A. Turner, S. Bussey, D. B. J. Paterson, G. W. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Ban, Y Stylianidis, S Vozenlek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI A SEMI-RIGOROUS SENSOR MODEL FOR PRECISION GEOMETRIC PROCESSING OF MINI-RF BISTATIC RADAR IMAGES OF THE MOON SO XXIII ISPRS Congress, Commission IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Congress of the International-Society-for-Photogrammetry-and-Remote-Sensing (ISPRS) CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE SAR; bistatic; sensor models; extraterrestrial; Moon ID MISSION AB The spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) instruments known as Mini-RF were designed to image shadowed areas of the lunar poles and assay the presence of ice deposits by quantitative polarimetry. We have developed radargrammetric processing techniques to enhance the value of these observations by removing spacecraft ephemeris errors and distortions caused by topographic parallax so the polarimetry can be compared with other data sets. Here we report on the extension of this capability from monostatic imaging (signal transmitted and received on the same spacecraft) to bistatic (transmission from Earth and reception on the spacecraft) which provides a unique opportunity to measure radar scattering at nonzero phase angles. In either case our radargrammetric sensor models first reconstruct the observed range and Doppler frequency from recorded image coordinates, then determine the ground location with a corrected trajectory on a more detailed topographic surface. The essential difference for bistatic radar is that range and Doppler shift depend on the transmitter as well as receiver trajectory. Incidental differences include the preparation of the images in a different (map projected) coordinate system and use of "squint" (i.e., imaging at nonzero rather than zero Doppler shift) to achieve the desired phase angle. Our approach to the problem is to reconstruct the time-of-observation, range, and Doppler shift of the image pixel by pixel in terms of rigorous geometric optics, then fit these functions with low-order polynomials accurate to a small fraction of a pixel. Range and Doppler estimated by using these polynomials can then be georeferenced rigorously on a new surface with an updated trajectory. This "semi-rigorous" approach (based on rigorous physics but involving fitting functions) speeds the calculation and avoids the need to manage both the original and adjusted trajectory data. We demonstrate the improvement in registration of the bistatic images for Cabeus crater, where the LCROSS spacecraft impacted in 2009, and describe plans to precision-register the entire Mini-RF bistatic data collection. C1 [Kirk, R. L.; Barrett, J. M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Wahl, D. E.; Erteza, I.; Jackowatz, C. V.; Yocky, D. A.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Turner, S.; Bussey, D. B. J.; Paterson, G. W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Kirk, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM rkirk@usgs.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 41 IS B4 BP 425 EP 429 DI 10.5194/isprsarchives-XLI-B4-425-2016 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG8WS UT WOS:000392752100069 ER PT J AU Oldfather, MF Britton, MN Papper, PD Koontz, MJ Halbur, MM Dodge, C Flint, AL Flint, LE Ackerly, DD AF Oldfather, Meagan F. Britton, Matthew N. Papper, Prahlad D. Koontz, Michael J. Halbur, Michelle M. Dodge, Celeste Flint, Alan L. Flint, Lorriane E. Ackerly, David D. TI Effects of topoclimatic complexity on the composition of woody plant communities SO AOB PLANTS LA English DT Article DE California; climatic water deficit; community analyses; oak woodlands; topoclimate; woody vegetation ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOREST STRUCTURE; GRADIENT ANALYSIS; VEGETATION; CALIFORNIA; SOIL; SLOPE; DIVERSITY; ECOLOGY; SCALES AB Topography can create substantial environmental variation at fine spatial scales. Shaped by slope, aspect, hill-position and elevation, topoclimate heterogeneity may increase ecological diversity, and act as a spatial buffer for vegetation responding to climate change. Strong links have been observed between climate heterogeneity and species diversity at broader scales, but the importance of topoclimate for woody vegetation across small spatial extents merits closer examination. We established woody vegetation monitoring plots in mixed evergreen-deciduous woodlands that spanned topoclimate gradients of a topographically heterogeneous landscape in northern California. We investigated the association between the structure of adult and regenerating size classes of woody vegetation and multidimensional topoclimate at a fine scale. We found a significant effect of topoclimate on both single-species distributions and community composition. Effects of topoclimate were evident in the regenerating size class for all dominant species (four Quercus spp., Umbellularia californica and Pseudotsuga menziesii) but only in two dominant species (Quercus agrifolia and Quercus garryana) for the adult size class. Adult abundance was correlated with water balance parameters (e.g. climatic water deficit) and recruit abundance was correlated with an interaction between the topoclimate parameters and conspecific adult abundance (likely reflecting local seed dispersal). However, in all cases, the topoclimate signal was weak. The magnitude of environmental variation across our study site may be small relative to the tolerance of long-lived woody species. Dispersal limitations, management practices and patchy disturbance regimes also may interact with topoclimate, weakening its influence on woody vegetation distributions. Our study supports the biological relevance of multidimensional topoclimate for mixed woodland communities, but highlights that this relationship might be mediated by interacting factors at local scales. C1 [Oldfather, Meagan F.; Papper, Prahlad D.; Ackerly, David D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Britton, Matthew N.] Univ Cape Town, Dept Biol Sci & Bolus Herbarium, Private Bag, ZA-7700 Rondebosch, South Africa. [Koontz, Michael J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Plant Sci, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Halbur, Michelle M.; Dodge, Celeste] Pepperwood Preserve, 2130 Pepperwood Preserve Rd, Santa Rosa, CA 95404 USA. [Flint, Alan L.; Flint, Lorriane E.] US Geol Survey, Water Resources Discipline, Placer Hall,6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA. [Ackerly, David D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Jepson Herbarium, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Oldfather, MF (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM meagan_oldfather@berkeley.edu OI Koontz, Michael/0000-0002-8276-210X; Oldfather, Meagan/0000-0003-3256-4786 FU Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (California, USA) [4430, 2861]; US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1106400]; Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1321845 Amend. 3] FX Our work was funded by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation (California, USA) Grant nos. 4430 and 2861. Additional support was provided by the US National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Grant DGE-1106400 (to M.F.O.) and Graduate Research Fellowship Grant DGE-1321845 Amend. 3 (to M.J.K.). NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 2041-2851 J9 AOB PLANTS JI Aob Plants PY 2016 VL 8 AR plw049 DI 10.1093/aobpla/plw049 PG 15 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA EI4EL UT WOS:000392445800001 ER PT J AU West, DP Bradley, DC Coish, RA AF West, David P., Jr. Bradley, Dwight C. Coish, Raymond A. TI The Litchfield pluton in south-central Maine: Carboniferous alkalic magmatism in northern New England, USA SO ATLANTIC GEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORUMBEGA FAULT ZONE; VOLCANIC-ROCKS; NOVA-SCOTIA; U-PB; ANOROGENIC MAGMATISM; NARRAGANSETT BASIN; COBEQUID HIGHLANDS; MAGDALEN BASIN; COASTAL MAINE; SHEAR ZONE AB The Litchfield pluton is a poorly exposed 7 km(2) composite alkalic intrusive complex that cuts previously deformed and metamorphosed Silurian turbidites in south-central Maine. The pluton includes a variety of alkaline syenites, including the type locality of "litchfieldite," a coarse-grained cancrinite-, sodalite-, and lepidomelane-bearing nepheline syenite first recognized over 150 years ago and common in many petrologic collections. A new U-Pb zircon age of 321 +/- 2 Ma from the nepheline syenite is interpreted to represent the crystallization age of the plutonic complex. A new biotite Ar-40/Ar-39 age of 239 +/- 1 Ma from the syenite is similar to previously published mica ages from the surrounding country rocks and dates the time of regional cooling in the area below similar to 300 degrees C. Whole-rock chemical analyses of rocks of the Litchfield pluton reveal silica-undersaturated alkaline compositions that are consistent with formation in a within-plate tectonic setting. The age and geochemical characteristics of the alkalic igneous rocks near Litchfield are consistent with a model that invokes the generation of a small volume of alkalic magma beneath south-central Maine during a period of Carboniferous transcurrent tectonism in the northern Appalachian orogen. C1 [West, David P., Jr.; Coish, Raymond A.] Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. [Bradley, Dwight C.] US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Bradley, Dwight C.] 11 Cold Brook Rd, Randolph, NH 03593 USA. RP West, DP (reprint author), Middlebury Coll, Dept Geol, Middlebury, VT 05753 USA. EM dwest@middlebury.edu FU Maine Geological Survey through the STATEMAP program; Middlebury College Geology Department FX Funding for this work was provided by the Maine Geological Survey through the STATEMAP program, and by the Middlebury College Geology Department. Evan Ellenberger is thanked for help in the field, Andrew McCauley for his part in the U-Pb SHRIMP analyses, and Mick Kunk for completing the 40Ar/39Ar analyses. We thank reviewers Joe Whalen, Marti Miller, and Dave Gibson, and journal editor Sandra Barr for their helpful comments and suggestions which led to significant improvements in the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ATLANTIC GEOSCIENCE SOC PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, DEPT GEOLOGY, PO BOX 116, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 0843-5561 EI 1718-7885 J9 ATL GEOL JI Atl. Geol. PY 2016 VL 52 BP 169 EP 187 DI 10.4138/atlgeol.2016.008 PG 19 WC Geology SC Geology GA EG4IE UT WOS:000391006400008 ER PT J AU Carleton, SA Smith, KG AF Carleton, Scott A. Smith, Kimberly G. TI ADULT NEST ATTENDANCE AND DIET OF NESTLING RESPLENDENT QUETZALS (PHAROMACHRUS MOCINNO) IN THE TALAMANCA MOUNTAINS OF SOUTHERN COSTA RICA SO ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL LA English DT Article ID FRUIT-EATING BIRDS; FAT; AVAILABILITY; DISPERSAL; PATTERNS; STORAGE; FOREST; WINTER; TREES AB Resplendent Quetzals (Pharomachrus mocinno) inhabit mid to high elevation forests from southern Mexico to Panama. Lipid rich fruits from the Lauraceae family have been found to account for a large proportion of adult diet across their annual life cycle. To better understand the relationship between quetzals and Lauraceae during the breeding season, we studied food deliveries to nestlings in the Talamanca Mountains at San Gerardo de Dota, Costa Rica in the Rio Savegre watershed. Our study had four primary objectives: 1) determine parental contribution of males and females feeding nestling quetzals, 2) determine type of food delivered to nestling quetzals, 3) determine if deliveries of fruit items were related to their abundance and/ or nutritional content and 4) determine if Lauraceae fruits made up a large proportion of nestling diets based on the high preference quetzals have displayed for fruits from this plant family. Hourly delivery rates were similar for the male and female (1.24 +/- 0.68 and 1.44 +/- 0.84). During the first 6 days, the largest proportion of the diet was animal prey; primarily lizards and beetles. After day 6, fruit rapidly became the dominant food item delivered to nestlings until fledging. The dominant number of fruits delivered to nestling quetzals were fruits from the Lauraceae family and included Ocotea holdrigeiana, Necatandra cufodontisii, and Aiouea costaricensis. All three had some of the highest protein and lipid content of all fruits delivered to nestlings. O. holdrigeiana had the highest protein and lipid content of all fruits delivered, had the lowest relative abundance, and was delivered more frequently than all other fruits. Conservation strategies for this species should take into account not just increasing available habitat, but also increasing habitat quality by focusing on species composition to provide abundant food plants for the Resplendent Quetzal to forage. C1 [Carleton, Scott A.; Smith, Kimberly G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. [Carleton, Scott A.] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Carleton, SA (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.; Carleton, SA (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM carleton@nmsu.edu FU University of Arkansas; Arkansas Audubon Society Trust; Sigma Xi FX We would like to thank the Chacon family for allowing us to study Resplendent Quetzals on their property in San Gerardo de Dota, Costa Rica, and to Marino Chacon for assistance in locating males and females excavating nests. We would like to thank Dr. Leo Finkenbinder for introducing us to these amazing birds. Funding for this study was provided by the University of Arkansas, Arkansas Audubon Society Trust, and Sigma Xi. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NEOTROPICAL ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC, USGS PATUXENT WILDLIFE RESEARCH CTR PI ATHENS PA UNIV GEORGIA, WARNELL SCH FOREST RESOURCES, ATHENS, GA 30602-2152 USA SN 1075-4377 J9 ORNITOL NEOTROP JI ORNITOL. NEOTROP. PY 2016 VL 27 BP 181 EP 188 PG 8 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EI1XI UT WOS:000392279500001 ER PT J AU Hua, D Jiao, Y Neves, R Jones, J AF Hua, Dan Jiao, Yan Neves, Richard Jones, Jess TI Periodic growth and growth cessations in the federally endangered freshwater mussel Cumberlandian combshell using a hierarchical Bayesian approach SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Freshwater mussel; Cumberlandian combshell; Epioblasma brevidens; Growth rate; Asymptotic length; Growth cessation; Periodic growth; von Bertalanffy growth model; Bayesian hierarchical model ID COD GADUS-MORHUA; SEASONAL GROWTH; MARK-RECAPTURE; EXPLANATORY VARIABLES; BIVALVIA UNIONIDAE; EXTREME LONGEVITY; SHELL GROWTH; MODEL; CONSERVATION; RATES AB Understanding and monitoring life history traits is often important in endangered species conservation. Populations of the endangered mussel Cumberlandian combshell Epioblasma brevidens have continued to decline in the Powell River, USA. Understanding and modeling mussel growth is critical for effective reintroduction of this endangered species. In this study, 2 yr old E. brevidens that were produced in our laboratory were released to the Powell River in 2009 to augment this declining population. A mark-recapture monitoring approach using passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags was used to assess the survival and growth of the released mussels. Hierarchical Bayesian growth models incorporating individual growth variations, periodic growth and growth cessations, along with multiple release occasions were developed and compared to the classic von Bertalanffy growth model. Our results showed that the hierarchical model that incorporated individual growth variation gave the best estimates of model parameters, yielding the lowest deviance information criterion value. Mussels exhibited different growth rates (K), including 0.015, 0.026, 0.110 and 0.050 (mo(-1)), corresponding to the duration of laboratory culture (ages 2, 3 and 4 yr old) and a growth cessation (GC) for 5.98 mo, respectively. The other parameters of asymptotic length (L-infinity) and age at zero length (t(0)) were 51.36 mm and -0.648 mo. The flexible structure of Bayesian hierarchical models allowed us to examine growth characteristics of E. brevidens in a changing environment to better understand the details of its growth and lifespan, thus providing useful data for conservation management. C1 [Hua, Dan; Jiao, Yan; Neves, Richard; Jones, Jess] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Hua, Dan; Jones, Jess] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Freshwater Mollusk Conservat Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Jones, Jess] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Hua, D (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Coll Nat Resources, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Hua, D (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Freshwater Mollusk Conservat Ctr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM huad@vt.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; US Geological Survey; Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at Virginia Polytechnic Institute; Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at State University FX The authors thank the staff and students at FMCC for their assistance in propagation, culture, release, and recapture of juvenile mussels. The grant and facility support for this work was provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, US Geological Survey, and Department of Fish and Wildlife Conservation at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. Thanks to Steven Ahlstedt, Arthur Bogan, Clarissa Bey, Gerald Dinkins, and George Watters for sharing their data. The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The authors are solely responsible for the content of the materials, methodology, and results. Queries should be directed to the corresponding author. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2016 VL 31 BP 325 EP 336 DI 10.3354/esr00773 PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EH3UG UT WOS:000391696900007 ER PT J AU Ford, WM Silvis, A Johnson, JB Edwards, JW Karp, M AF Ford, W. Mark Silvis, Alexander Johnson, Joshua B. Edwards, John W. Karp, Milu TI NORTHERN LONG-EARED BAT DAY-ROOSTING AND PRESCRIBED FIRE IN THE CENTRAL APPALACHIANS, USA SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE central Appalachians; day-roosts; maternity colony; Myotis septentrionalis; northern long-eared bat; prescribed fire; roost network ID SEPTENTRIONALIS MATERNITY COLONIES; MYOTIS MYOTIS-SEPTENTRIONALIS; SOCIAL NETWORKS; WEST-VIRGINIA; FORESTS; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; MOUNTAINS; SELECTION; STANDS AB The northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis Trovessart) is a cavity- roosting species that forages in cluttered upland and riparian forests throughout the oak-dominated Appalachian and Central Hardwoods regions. Common prior to white-nose syndrome, the population of this bat species has declined to functional extirpation in some regions in the Northeast and Mid-Atlantic, including portions of the central Appalachians. Our long-term research in the central Appalachians has shown that maternity colonies of this species form non-random assorting networks in patches of suitable trees that result from longand short-term forest disturbance processes, and that roost loss can occur with these disturbances. Following two consecutive prescribed burns on the Fernow Experimental Forest in the central Appalachians, West Virginia, USA, in 2007 to 2008, post-fire counts of suitable black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.; the most selected species for roosting) slightly decreased by 2012. Conversely, post-fire numbers of suitable maple (Acer spp. L.), primarily red maple (Acer rubrum L.), increased by a factor of three, thereby ameliorating black locust reduction. Maternity colony network metrics such as roost degree (use) and network density for two networks in the burned compartment were similar to the single network observed in unburned forest. However, roost clustering and degree of roost centralization was greater for the networks in the burned forest area. Accordingly, the short-term effects of prescribed fire are slightly or moderately positive in impact to day-roost habitat for the northern long-eared bat in the central Appalachians from a social dynamic perspective. Listing of northern long-eared bats as federally threatened will bring increased scrutiny of immediate fire impacts from direct take as well as indirect impacts from long-term changes to roosting and foraging habitat in stands being returned to historic fire-return conditions. Unfortunately, definitive impacts will remain speculative owing to the species' current rarity and the paucity of forest stand data that considers tree condition or that adequately tracks snags spatially and temporally. C1 [Ford, W. Mark] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 106 Cheatham Hall,310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Ford, W. Mark; Silvis, Alexander] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 106 Cheatham Hall,310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Johnson, Joshua B.] Penn Game Commiss, 2001 Elmerton Ave, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA. [Edwards, John W.; Karp, Milu] West Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Ford, WM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 106 Cheatham Hall,310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Ford, WM (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 106 Cheatham Hall,310 West Campus Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM wmford@vt.edu FU US Forest Service Northern Research Station; US Geological Survey, Cooperative Research Unit program FX US Forest Service Northern Research Station and the US Geological Survey, Cooperative Research Unit program, provided financial support for this project. Field assistance was provided by D. Lowther, R. Hovatter, J. Rodrigue, and numerous FEF summer interns. NR 55 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 2 BP 13 EP 27 DI 10.4996/fireecology.1202013 PG 15 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA EH7NH UT WOS:000391959200003 ER PT J AU Harper, CA Ford, WM Lashley, MA Moorman, CE Stambaugh, MC AF Harper, Craig A. Ford, W. Mark Lashley, Marcus A. Moorman, Christopher E. Stambaugh, Michael C. TI FIRE EFFECTS ON WILDLIFE IN THE CENTRAL HARDWOODS AND APPALACHIAN REGIONS, USA SO FIRE ECOLOGY LA English DT Review DE fire frequency; fire intensity; fire prescriptions; hardwoods; prescribed fire; season of burning; southern Appalachians; wildlife ID PINE-GRASSLAND COMMUNITIES; FUEL REDUCTION TREATMENTS; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; OAK SAVANNA RESTORATION; SEASON PRESCRIBED FIRE; HABITAT USE; RESOURCE SELECTION; GROWING-SEASON; UNITED-STATES; SHORT-TERM AB Fire is being prescribed and used increasingly to promote ecosystem restoration (e.g., oak woodlands and savannas) and to manage wildlife habitat in the Central Hardwoods and Appalachian regions, USA. However, questions persist as to how fire affects hardwood forest communities and associated wildlife, and how fire should be used to achieve management goals. We provide an up-to-date review of fire effects on various wildlife species and their habitat in the Central Hardwoods and Appalachians. Documented direct effects (i.e., mortality) on wildlife are rare. Indirect effects (i.e., changes in habitat quality) are influenced greatly by light availability, fire frequency, and fire intensity. Unless fire intensity is great enough to kill a portion of the overstory, burning in closed-canopy forests has provided little benefit for most wildlife species in the region because it doesn't result in enough sunlight penetration to elicit understory response. Canopy reduction through silvicultural treatment has enabled managers to use fire more effectively. Fire intensity must be kept low in hardwoods to limit damage to many species of overstory trees. However, wounding or killing trees with fire benefits many wildlife species by allowing increased sunlight to stimulate understory response, snag and subsequent cavity creation, and additions of large coarse woody debris. In general, a fire-return interval of 2 yr to 7 yr benefits a wide variety of wildlife species by providing a diverse structure in the understory; increasing browse, forage, and soft mast; and creating snags and cavities. Historically, dormant- season fire was most prevalent in these regions, and it still is when most prescribed fire is implemented in hardwood systems as burn-days are relatively few in the growing season of May through August because of shading from leaf cover and high fuel moisture. Late growing- season burning increases the window for burning, and better control on woody composition is possible. Early growing-season fire may pose increased risk for some species, especially herpetofauna recently emerged from winter hibernacula (April) or forest songbirds that nest in the understory (May to June). However, negative population-level effects are unlikely unless the burned area is relatively large and early growing-season fire is used continually. We did not find evidence that fire is leading to population declines for any species, including Endangered Species Act (ESA)- listed species (e.g., Indiana bat [Myotissodalis Mill. Allen] or northern long-eared bat [M. septentrionalis Trouess.]). Instead, data indicate that fire can enhance habitat for bats by increasing suitability of foraging and day-roost sites. Similarly, concern over burning and displacement of woodland salamanders (Plethodontidae), another taxa of heightened conservation concern, is alleviated when fire is prescribed along ecologically appropriate aspect and slope gradients and not forced into mesic, high site index environments where salamanders are most common. Because topography across the Central Hardwoods and Appalachians is diverse, we contend that applying fire on positions best suited for burning is an effective approach to increase regional landscape heterogeneity and biological diversity. Herein, we offer prescriptive concepts for burning for various wildlife species and guilds in the Central Hardwoods and Appalachians. C1 [Harper, Craig A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Ford, W. Mark] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 106 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Lashley, Marcus A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Moorman, Christopher E.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Box 7646, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Stambaugh, Michael C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Forestry, 203C ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Harper, CA (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Forestry Wildlife & Fisheries, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM charper@utk.edu NR 154 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 4 PU ASSOC FIRE ECOLOGY PI EUGENE PA PO BOX 50412, EUGENE, OR 97405 USA SN 1933-9747 J9 FIRE ECOL JI Fire Ecol. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 2 BP 127 EP 159 DI 10.4996/fireecology.1202127 PG 33 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA EH7NH UT WOS:000391959200009 ER PT J AU Bair, LS Rogowski, DL Neher, C AF Bair, Lucas S. Rogowski, David L. Neher, Chris TI Economic Value of Angling on the Colorado River at Lees Ferry: Using Secondary Data to Estimate the Influence of Seasonality SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID AGE-0 RAINBOW-TROUT; COUNT DATA MODELS; LARGE REGULATED RIVER; RECREATION DEMAND; NATIONAL-PARK; ENDOGENOUS STRATIFICATION; TRAVEL COST; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; HABITAT USE; ON-SITE AB Glen Canyon Dam (GCD) on the Colorado River in northern Arizona provides water storage, flood control, and power system benefits to approximately 40 million people who rely on water and energy resources in the Colorado River basin. Downstream resources (e.g., angling, white water floating) in Glen Canyon National Recreation Area (GCNRA) and Grand Canyon National Park are impacted by the operation of GCD. The GCD Adaptive Management Program was established in 1997 to monitor and research the effects of dam operations on the downstream environment. We utilized secondary survey data and an individual observation travel cost model to estimate the net economic benefit of angling in GCNRA for each season and each type of angler. As expected, the demand for angling decreased with increasing travel cost; the annual value of angling at Lees Ferry totaled US$2.7 million at 2014 visitation levels. Demand for angling was also affected by season, with per-trip values of $210 in the summer, $237 in the spring, $261 in the fall, and $399 in the winter. This information provides insight into the ways in which anglers are potentially impacted by seasonal GCD operations and adaptive management experiments aimed at improving downstream resource conditions. C1 [Bair, Lucas S.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Rogowski, David L.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, Res Branch, 5000 West Carefree Highway, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA. [Neher, Chris] Univ Montana, Dept Math Sci, 32 Campus Dr,0864, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Bair, LS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM lbair@usgs.gov OI Rogowski, David L/0000-0003-0264-0223 FU GCD Adaptive Management Program FX We acknowledge the AGFD staff members who collected survey data, including Pilar Wolters, Michael Mishler, Damon Peterson, Jackson Pickett, Robin Osterhoudt, Mike Anderson, Kristy Manuell, and Steve Harding. We thank Thomas Gushue (USGS) for the map of the study area and Scott VanderKooi and Leslie Richardson (USGS) for their comments. This project was supported by the GCD Adaptive Management Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1229 EP 1239 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1204388 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900002 ER PT J AU Uthe, P Al-Chokhachy, R Zale, AV Shepard, BB McMahon, TE Stephens, T AF Uthe, Patrick Al-Chokhachy, Robert Zale, Alexander V. Shepard, Bradley B. McMahon, Thomas E. Stephens, Tracy TI Life History Characteristics and Vital Rates of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout in Two Headwater Basins SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI-BOUVIERI; BROOK TROUT; HABITAT FRAGMENTATION; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROWN TROUT; BULL TROUT; SURVIVAL ESTIMATION; WATER TEMPERATURE; WINTER MOVEMENTS AB The Yellow stone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri is native to the Rocky Mountains and has declined in abundance and distribution as a result of habitat degradation and introduced salmonid species. Many of its remaining strongholds are in headwater basins with minimal human disturbances. Understanding the life histories, vital rates, and behaviors of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout within headwater stream networks remains limited yet is critical for effective management and conservation. We estimated annual relative growth in length and weight, annual survival rates, and movement patterns of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout from three tributaries of Spread Creek, Wyoming, and two tributaries of Shields River, Montana, from 2011 through 2013 using PIT tag antennas within a mark-recapture framework. Mean annual growth rates varied among tributaries and size-classes, but were slow compared with populations of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout from large, low-elevation streams. Survival rates were relatively high compared with those of other Cutthroat Trout subspecies, but we found an inverse relationship between survival and size, a pattern contrary to what has been reported for Cutthroat Trout in large streams. Mean annual survival rates ranged from 0.32 (SE = 0.04) to 0.68 (SE = 0.05) in the Spread Creek basin and from 0.30 (SE = 0.07) to 0.69 (SE = 0.10) in the Shields River basin. Downstream movements from tributaries were substantial, with as much as 26.5% of a tagging cohort leaving over the course of the study. Integrating our growth, survival, and movement results demonstrates the importance of considering strategies to enhance headwater stream habitats and highlights the importance of connectivity with larger stream networks. C1 [Uthe, Patrick] Montana State Univ, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Al-Chokhachy, Robert] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Zale, Alexander V.] Montana State Univ, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, 301 North Willson Ave, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [McMahon, Thomas E.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Stephens, Tracy] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, 420 North Cache Dr, Jackson, WY 83001 USA. RP Uthe, P (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM patrick.uthe@gmail.com FU U.S. Geological Survey-Priority Ecosystems Science Program; Jackson Hole One Fly Foundation; University of Wyoming-NPS Research Station; Jackson Hole Chapter of Trout Unlimited FX We thank Rob Gipson and Brian Hines (Wyoming Game and Fish Department), Jim Broderick and numerous volunteers from the Jackson Hole Chapter of Trout Unlimited, Chad Whaley and Sue Consolo Murphy (National Park Service), U.S. Forest Service personnel, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service personnel for field assistance and technical support. We thank Bob Gresswell (U.S. Geological Survey), Gabriel M. Temple, and three anonymous reviewers for many helpful suggestions and comments on this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey-Priority Ecosystems Science Program, Jackson Hole One Fly Foundation, University of Wyoming-NPS Research Station, and the Jackson Hole Chapter of Trout Unlimited. Research was conducted under Animal Use and Care protocol 2011-31. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1240 EP 1253 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1206643 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900003 ER PT J AU Evans, AF Hewitt, DA Payton, Q Cramer, BM Collis, K Roby, DD AF Evans, Allen F. Hewitt, David A. Payton, Quinn Cramer, Bradley M. Collis, Ken Roby, Daniel D. TI Colonial Waterbird Predation on Lost River and Shortnose Suckers in the Upper Klamath Basin SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID PASSIVE INTEGRATED TRANSPONDERS; AVIAN PREDATION; JUVENILE SALMONIDS; COLUMBIA RIVER; ESTUARY; LAKE; VULNERABILITY; POPULATIONS; RECOVERIES; RECAPTURE AB We evaluated predation on Lost River Suckers Deltistes luxatus and Shortnose Suckers Chasmistes brevirostris by American white pelicans Pelecanus erythrorhynchos and double-crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus nesting at mixed-species colonies in the Upper Klamath Basin of Oregon and California during 2009-2014. Predation was evaluated by recovering (detecting) PIT tags from tagged fish on bird colonies and calculating minimum predation rates, as the percentage of available suckers consumed, adjusted for PIT tag detection probabilities but not deposition probabilities (i.e., probability an egested tag was deposited on-or off-colony). Results indicate that impacts of avian predation varied by sucker species, age-class (adult, juvenile), bird colony location, and year, demonstrating dynamic predator-prey interactions. Tagged suckers ranging in size from 72 to 730 mm were susceptible to cormorant or pelican predation; all but the largest Lost River Suckers were susceptible to bird predation. Minimum predation rate estimates ranged annually from <0.1% to 4.6% of the available PIT-tagged Lost River Suckers and from <0.1% to 4.2% of the available Shortnose Suckers, and predation rates were consistently higher on suckers in Clear Lake Reservoir, California, than on suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon. There was evidence that bird predation on juvenile suckers (species unknown) in Upper Klamath Lake was higher than on adult suckers in Upper Klamath Lake, where minimum predation rates ranged annually from 5.7% to 8.4% of available juveniles. Results suggest that avian predation is a factor limiting the recovery of populations of Lost River and Shortnose suckers, particularly juvenile suckers in Upper Klamath Lake and adult suckers in Clear Lake Reservoir. Additional research is needed to measure predator-specific PIT tag deposition probabilities (which, based on other published studies, could increase predation rates presented herein by a factor of roughly 2.0) and to better understand biotic and abiotic factors that regulate sucker susceptibility to bird predation. C1 [Evans, Allen F.; Payton, Quinn; Cramer, Bradley M.; Collis, Ken] Real Time Res Inc, 1000 Southwest Emkay Dr, Bend, OR 97702 USA. [Hewitt, David A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Klamath Falls Field Stn, 2795 Anderson Ave,Suite 106, Klamath Falls, OR 97603 USA. [Roby, Daniel D.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Evans, AF (reprint author), Real Time Res Inc, 1000 Southwest Emkay Dr, Bend, OR 97702 USA. EM allen@realtimeresearch.com FU Bureau of Reclamation (BOR); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); Klamath Sucker Recovery Implementation Team FX This project was funded by the Bureau of Reclamation (BOR), with support from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) and the Klamath Sucker Recovery Implementation Team. We especially thank Kristen Hiatt (BOR) and Josh Rasmussen (USFWS) for their assistance and support. We thank John Beckstrand (USFWS) for his assistance in sowing PIT tags to measure detection efficiency at the Clear Lake NWR colonies and for granting us access and providing transportation to islands in Upper Klamath NWR following the nesting seasons. We thank Tim Lawes of Oregon State University and Aaron Turecek of Real Time Research, Inc., for providing assistance with aerial imagery and colony counts. We thank Alta Harris, Amari Dolan-Caret, and Summer Burdick (U.S. Geological Survey, Klamath Falls Field Station) for invaluable assistance regarding the availability of PIT-tagged suckers. We thank Paul Schmidt of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers for assistance and support on a related but an independent study of Caspian terns in the region. Finally, this work would not have been possible without the hard work and dedication of numerous field researchers, for which we are grateful. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1254 EP 1267 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1208123 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900004 ER PT J AU McCubbins, JL Hansen, MJ DosSantos, JM Dux, AM AF McCubbins, Jonathan L. Hansen, Michael J. DosSantos, Joseph M. Dux, Andrew M. TI Demographic Characteristics of an Adfluvial Bull Trout Population in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID SALVELINUS-CONFLUENTUS; BACK-CALCULATION; RIVER SYSTEM; DIET OVERLAP; ABUNDANCE; DYNAMICS; MONTANA; TRENDS; GROWTH AB Introductions of nonnative species, habitat loss, and stream fragmentation have caused the Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus to decline throughout much of its native distribution. Consequently, in June 1998, the Bull Trout was listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act as threatened. The Bull Trout has existed in Lake Pend Oreille and its surrounding tributaries since the last ice age, and the lake once supported a world-renowned Bull Trout fishery. To quantify the current status of the Bull Trout population in Lake Pend Oreille, Idaho, we compared the mean age, growth, maturity, and abundance with reports in a study conducted one decade earlier. Abundance was estimated by mark-recapture for Bull Trout caught in trap nets and gill nets set in Lake Pend Oreille during ongoing suppression netting of Lake Trout S. namaycush in 2007-2008. Bull Trout sampled in 2006-2008 were used to estimate age structure, survival, growth, and maturity. Estimated Bull Trout abundance was similar to that estimated one decade earlier in Lake Pend Oreille. Bull Trout residing in Lake Pend Oreille between 2006 and 2008 were between ages 4 and 14 years; their growth was fastest between ages 1 and 2 and slowed thereafter. Male and female Bull Trout matured at a similar age, but females grew faster than males, thereby maturing at a larger size. Our findings suggest that management has effectively addressed current threats to increase the likelihood of long-term persistence of the Bull Trout population in Lake Pend Oreille. C1 [McCubbins, Jonathan L.; Hansen, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [DosSantos, Joseph M.] Avista Util, POB 1469, Noxon, MT 59853 USA. [Dux, Andrew M.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 2885 West Kathleen Ave, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA. [Hansen, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. RP Hansen, MJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.; Hansen, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM michaelhansen@usgs.gov FU Avista Utilities FX Tim Swant and Bob Anderson (Avista Utilities) provided funding for financial aid to the University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. Brian Sloss and Tim Ginnett (University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point) reviewed an early version of the manuscript. Nancy Nate (University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point) assisted with otolith analysis. Rob Jakubowski (Avista Utilities) assisted with Bull Trout dissections. Ned Horner, Rob Ryan, Jim Fredericks, Jake Hughes, and Chip Corsi (Idaho Department of Fish and Game) provided logistical support for field research. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is contribution 2047 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1269 EP 1277 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1209602 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900005 ER PT J AU DeHaan, PW Adams, BA Scheerer, PD Bangs, BL AF DeHaan, Patrick W. Adams, Brice A. Scheerer, Paul D. Bangs, Brian L. TI Influence of Introduction History on Genetic Variation in Introduced Populations: A Case Study of Oregon Chub SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ALLELE FREQUENCY DATA; ECOLOGICAL GENETICS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM; WILLAMETTE RIVER; GREAT-LAKES; REINTRODUCTION; TRANSLOCATION; CONSERVATION; GUIDELINES; FISHES AB Population introductions and reintroductions have become a common tool for conserving threatened species, but oftentimes introduced populations have reduced the genetic diversity compared with the source population they were founded from. Population introductions played an important role in the recovery of the Oregon Chub Oregonichthys crameri, a small floodplainminnow found in western Oregon. Unlike many introduction efforts, introduced populations of Oregon Chub were founded using large numbers of individuals (hundreds in many cases) and each population had a unique introduction history (e.g., number of founders, source populations selected, duration of the introduction effort). We used microsatellite loci to examine 13 introduced populations and their respective sources to evaluate how well the introduction program captured genetic diversity present in the wild populations. Genetic variation was reduced by roughly 25% in one introduced population, and three introduced populations showed evidence of a genetic bottleneck due to heterozygote excess. Populations introduced from multiple sources had greater genetic diversity than populations from a single source. When multiple source populations were used, all source populations contributed genetic material to the introduced population, though the proportional contribution from each source population varied. Using correlation analyses and general linearmodels, we explored the relationship between introduction history variables and genetic diversity. Our top-ranked models included genetic diversity in the source population, and this variable had the highest variable importance weight (0.999), but the number of founders and the number of source populations were also important. Overall, the Oregon Chub introduction program was highly successful at capturing the genetic variation observed in natural populations. Results of this study will be useful for planning future population introductions for Oregon Chub and other species of conservation concern. C1 [DeHaan, Patrick W.; Adams, Brice A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. [Scheerer, Paul D.; Bangs, Brian L.] Oregon Dept Fish & Wildlife, Native Fish Investigat Program, 28655 Highway 34, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. [DeHaan, Patrick W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Western Washington Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 510 Desmond Dr,Suite 102, Lacey, WA 98503 USA. RP DeHaan, PW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.; DeHaan, PW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Western Washington Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 510 Desmond Dr,Suite 102, Lacey, WA 98503 USA. EM patrick_dehaan@fws.gov FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 1 Fisheries Program; Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 1 Fisheries Program and the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife. We thank the biologists and technicians who helped collect genetic samples used in this project, Lara Amata, Matt Diggs, and Jennifer Whalen for providing laboratory assistance, Doug Peterson for assistance with data analysis and interpretation, and Christian Smith, Patty Crandell, Shaun Clements, and Mike Meeuwig, as well as two anonymous reviewers for providing comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. Any mention of specific product names does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Genotypic data generated for this study have been archived online in the Dryad data repository DOI: 10.5061/dryad.4nb25. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1278 EP 1289 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1206641 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900006 ER PT J AU Lauber, TB Stedman, RC Connelly, NA Rudstam, LG Ready, RC Poe, GL Bunnell, DB Hook, TO Koops, MA Ludsin, SA Rutherford, ES AF Lauber, T. Bruce Stedman, Richard C. Connelly, Nancy A. Rudstam, Lars G. Ready, Richard C. Poe, Gregory L. Bunnell, David B. Hook, Tomas O. Koops, Marten A. Ludsin, Stuart A. Rutherford, Edward S. TI Using Scenarios to Assess Possible Future Impacts of Invasive Species in the Laurentian Great Lakes SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM TRENDS; FOOD-WEB; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; LARGEMOUTH BASS; ILLINOIS RIVER; NORTH-AMERICA; ASIAN CARPS; GRASS CARP; RISK; HURON AB The expected impacts of invasive species are key considerations in selecting policy responses to potential invasions. But predicting the impacts of invasive species is daunting, particularly in large systems threatened by multiple invasive species, such as North America's Laurentian Great Lakes. We developed and evaluated a scenario-building process that relied on an expert panel to assess possible future impacts of aquatic invasive species on recreational fishing in the Great Lakes. To maximize its usefulness to policy makers, this process was designed to be implemented relatively rapidly and considered a range of species. The expert panel developed plausible, internally consistent invasion scenarios for five aquatic invasive species, along with subjective probabilities of those scenarios. We describe these scenarios and evaluate this approach for assessing future invasive species impacts. The panel held diverse opinions about the likelihood of the scenarios, and only one scenario with impacts on sport fish species was considered likely by most of the experts. These outcomes are consistent with the literature on scenario building, which advocates for developing a range of plausible scenarios in decision-making because the uncertainty of future conditions makes the likelihood of any particular scenario low. We believe that this scenario-building approach could contribute to policy decisions about whether and how to address the possible impacts of invasive species. In this case, scenarios could allow policy makers to narrow the range of possible impacts on Great Lakes fisheries they consider and help set a research agenda for further refining invasive species predictions. C1 [Lauber, T. Bruce; Stedman, Richard C.; Connelly, Nancy A.; Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14583 USA. [Ready, Richard C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Agr Econ & Econ, Linfield Hall,POB 172920, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Poe, Gregory L.] Cornell Univ, Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Warren Hall, Ithaca, NY 14583 USA. [Bunnell, David B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Hook, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Forestry & Nat Resources, Forestry Bldg,195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Koops, Marten A.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Great Lakes Lab Fisheries & Aquat Sci, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. [Ludsin, Stuart A.] Ohio State Univ, Aquat Ecol Lab, 1314 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. [Rutherford, Edward S.] NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, 4840 South Slate Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. RP Lauber, TB (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14583 USA. EM tbl3@cornell.edu RI Koops, Marten/A-4534-2010 OI Koops, Marten/0000-0002-3676-7946 FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission FX The work described in this manuscript was supported by funding from the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. We appreciate the contributions of the individuals who participated in the scenario-building process but who are not authors of this manuscript, including Stephanie Guildford, Robert Hecky, Tom Stewart, Andy Todd, and Marion Wittmann. This manuscript is Contribution 2064 of the U.S. Geological Survey's Great Lakes Science Center. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1292 EP 1307 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1214647 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900007 ER PT J AU Haglund, JM Isermann, DA Sass, GG AF Haglund, Justin M. Isermann, Daniel A. Sass, Greg G. TI Walleye Population and Fishery Responses after Elimination of Legal Harvest on Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID MINIMUM LENGTH LIMIT; NORTHERN WISCONSIN; DENSITY-DEPENDENCE; WHITE CRAPPIES; ANGLER EFFORT; SOUTH-DAKOTA; BAG LIMIT; MANAGEMENT; GROWTH; MINNESOTA AB Implementing harvest regulations to eliminate or substantially reduce (>= 90%) the exploitation of Walleyes Sander vitreus in recreational fisheries may increase population size structure, but these measures also could reduce angler effort because many Walleye anglers are harvest oriented. We analyzed data collected during 1995-2015 to determine whether Walleye population and fishery metrics in Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin, changed after a minimum TL limit of 71 cm with a one-fish daily bag limit was implemented in 2003. This change eliminated the legal harvest of Walleyes after several decades during which annual exploitation averaged 34%. We detected a significant increase in the log(e) density of adult females after the regulation change, but the loge density of all adults and adult males did not differ between periods. Mean TL of adult males was significantly greater after the regulation change, but the mean TL of females and the proportional size distribution of preferred-length fish (>= 51 cm TL) were similar between periods. Sex-specific mean TLs at age 5 did not differ between periods. Log(e) density of age-0 Walleyes did not change after 2003, but variation in age-0 density was lower. Total angler effort and the effort for anglers targeting Walleyes were significantly lower (35% and 60% declines, respectively) after the regulation change, whereas catch rates for both angler categories did not differ between periods. Our results suggest that implementing highly restrictive regulations that greatly reduce or eliminate legal harvest will not always increase angler catch rates and population size structure. Highly restrictive regulations may also deter anglers from using a fishery when many other fisheries are available. Our findings are useful for fishery managers who may work with anglers holding the belief that lower exploitation is a potential remedy for low Walleye size structure, even when density and growth suggest that there is limited potential for improvement. C1 [Haglund, Justin M.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Isermann, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Sass, Greg G.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Escanaba Lake Res Stn, 3110 Trout Lake Stn Dr, Boulder Jct, WI 54512 USA. [Haglund, Justin M.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Sci Serv, 2801 Progress Rd, Madison, WI 53716 USA. RP Haglund, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.; Haglund, JM (reprint author), Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Sci Serv, 2801 Progress Rd, Madison, WI 53716 USA. EM justinm.haglund@wisconsin.gov FU Federal Aid in Sportfish Restoration Project [F-95-P]; WDNR FX We want to acknowledge the WDNR staff stationed at Escanaba Lake, especially S. Newman, G. Kubenik, D. Dreikosen, and M. Lorenzoni, for their help and collection of data used in this evaluation. M. Bozek, B. Sloss, and J. Riddle were instrumental in project development and completion. We are grateful to D. Dembkowski for providing an initial review of the manuscript and to C. Schwarz for statistical suggestions. We also thank A. Musch for administrative support and the numerous students from the Wisconsin Cooperative Fishery Research Unit for assistance with various aspects of this project. Funding was provided by Federal Aid in Sportfish Restoration Project F-95-P (Study SSDK) and the WDNR. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1315 EP 1324 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1221002 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900009 ER PT J AU Faust, MD Hansen, MJ AF Faust, Matthew D. Hansen, Michael J. TI Effects of Consumption-Oriented versus Trophy-Oriented Fisheries on Muskellunge Population Size Structure in Northern Wisconsin SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID CATCH-AND-RELEASE; MANAGEMENT; WALLEYE; MINNESOTA; TENNESSEE; ANGLERS; LAKES AB To determine whether a consumption-oriented fishery was compatible with a trophy-oriented fishery for Muskellunge Esox masquinongy, we modeled effects of a spearing fishery and recreational angling fishery on population size structure (i.e., numbers of fish >= 102, 114, and 127 cm) in northern Wisconsin. An individual-based simulation model was used to quantify the effect of harvest mortality at currently observed levels of recreational angling and tribal spearing fishery exploitation, along with simulated increases in exploitation, for three typical growth potentials (i.e., low, moderate, and high) of Muskellunge in northern Wisconsin across a variety of minimum length limits (i.e., 71, 102, 114, and 127 cm). Populations with moderate to high growth potential and minimum length limits >= 114 cm were predicted to have lower declines in numbers of trophy Muskellunge when subjected to angling-only and mixed fisheries at observed and increased levels of exploitation, which suggested that fisheries with disparate motivations may be able to coexist under certain conditions such as restrictive length limits and low levels of exploitation. However, for most Muskellunge populations in northern Wisconsin regulated by a 102-cm minimum length limit, both angling and spearing fisheries may reduce numbers of trophy Muskellunge as larger declines were predicted across all growth potentials. Our results may be useful if Muskellunge management options in northern Wisconsin are re-examined in the future. C1 [Faust, Matthew D.; Hansen, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fisheries Anal Ctr, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Faust, Matthew D.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, 305 East Shoreline Dr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Hansen, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. RP Faust, MD (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fisheries Anal Ctr, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.; Faust, MD (reprint author), Ohio Dept Nat Resources, 305 East Shoreline Dr, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. EM matthew.faust@dnr.state.oh.us FU Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources FX Funding was provided by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Christopher Cahill, Mark Luehring, and Tim Simonson reviewed previous versions of this manuscript. Comments from three anonymous reviewers enhanced this manuscript. The authors thank employees of the Great Lakes Indian Fish and Wildlife Commission and the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources who collected data used in this study. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is contribution 2041 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science Center. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1336 EP 1346 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1214646 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900011 ER PT J AU Reeves, DB Tate, WB Jelks, HL Jordan, F AF Reeves, David B. Tate, William B. Jelks, Howard L. Jordan, Frank TI Response of Imperiled Okaloosa Darters to Stream Restoration SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID RIVER RESTORATION; FRESH-WATER; ETHEOSTOMA OKALOOSAE; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; HABITAT RESTORATION; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; CONSERVATION; BIODIVERSITY; FLORIDA; FISH AB The Okaloosa Darter Etheostoma okaloosae is a small percid endemic to six stream drainages in northwestern Florida. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listed Okaloosa Darters as endangered in 1973 and downlisted them to threatened in 2011 because of habitat improvements and increasing abundance across much of their geographic range. Delisting is possible if remaining recovery criteria are met, including restoration of degraded stream reaches. Impounded reaches of Anderson Branch, Mill Creek, and Toms Creek were restored by removing impediments to water flow, draining impoundments, and reconstructing stream reaches. Restorations of Anderson Branch and Mill Creek were designed to rehabilitate populations of Okaloosa Darters without significantly affecting popular recreational activities at these locations. Restorations were evaluated from 2007 to 2013 by comparing counts of Okaloosa Darters and the composition of microhabitats in restored and nearby undisturbed reference sites. Okaloosa Darters were absent from degraded stream reaches at the beginning of the study, but they rapidly colonized once restorations were completed. Counts of Okaloosa Darters in reference and restoration sites in Anderson Branch were similar by the end of the study, whereas counts in restoration sites were significantly lower than nearby reference sites in Mill and Toms creeks. Restoration sites tended to have lower coverage of sand and root and higher coverage of macrophytes. As riparian vegetation surrounding restoration sites matures to a closed canopy that reduces excessive growth of macrophytes, stream microhabitats and numbers of darters will probably become similar to reference sites. Restoration of degraded stream sites increased abundance and distribution of Okaloosa Darters and reconnected formerly isolated upstream and downstream populations. These projects demonstrated that restoration is a useful conservation tool for imperiled fishes such as Okaloosa Darters and can be undertaken without interfering with popular recreational activities. C1 [Reeves, David B.; Jordan, Frank] Loyola Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 6363 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Reeves, David B.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 1002-Y Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Tate, William B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Eglin AFB, 107 Highway 85 North, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. [Jelks, Howard L.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 Northwest 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. RP Reeves, DB (reprint author), Loyola Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 6363 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.; Reeves, DB (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 1002-Y Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM davidbradleyreeves@gmail.com OI Reeves, David/0000-0003-4161-8889 FU U.S. Department of Defense; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Mullahy Fund for Undergraduate Research in Biological Sciences at Loyola University New Orleans; Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; Mid-Bay Bridge Transit Authority FX This research was conducted under collecting permits from the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission (FNW11-07) and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (TE697819-2, SA 00-10). Logistical support was provided by the Jackson Guard Natural Resources Branch at Eglin AFB. Financial support was provided by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Mullahy Fund for Undergraduate Research in Biological Sciences at Loyola University New Orleans. We are very grateful for field assistance provided by Jeremy Le, Melissa Raymond, Tom Sevick, Julie Trice, and other undergraduate volunteers from Loyola University New Orleans and Channing St. Aubin, Michelle Tongue, and Jeff Van Vrancken of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We also appreciate field assistance provided by high school students from the Young Women Leadership School of East Harlem New York City and their teacher Susan Vincent. We thank Paul Angermeier and three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments and suggestions, Garrett Fontenot and Lisa Jelks for their editorial comments, and Brian Marx and David Blouin for statistical advice. Finally, this work would not have been possible without the hard work of Chris Metcalf and generous support provided by U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, and the Mid-Bay Bridge Transit Authority to restore Mill Creek, Anderson Branch, and Toms Creek. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1375 EP 1385 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1227402 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900015 ER PT J AU Larson, JH Staples, DF Maki, RP Vallazza, JM Knights, BC Peterson, KE AF Larson, James H. Staples, David F. Maki, Ryan P. Vallazza, Jon M. Knights, Brent C. Peterson, Kevin E. TI Do Water Level Fluctuations Influence Production of Walleye and Yellow Perch Young-of-the-Year in Large Northern Lakes? SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; FISH POPULATIONS; HABITAT AB Many ecological processes depend on the regular rise and fall of water levels (WLs), and artificial manipulations to WL regimes can impair important ecosystem services. Previous research has suggested that differences in WL between late summer and early spring may alter the suitability of shoals used by Walleyes Sander vitreus for spawning. Other species, such as the Yellow Perch Perca flavescens, are unlikely to be affected in the same way by WL fluctuations because their spawning requirements are quite different. We used 11-23 years of data from six northern Minnesota lakes to assess the effects of WL fluctuations on the abundances of young-of-the-year (age-0) Walleyes and Yellow Perch. In two lakes (Rainy Lake and Lake Kabetogama), a change in WL management occurred in 2000, after which these lakes saw increased age-0 Walleye abundance, while the other study lakes experienced decreases or no change. Rainy Lake and Lake Kabetogama also had increases in age-0 Yellow Perch, but another study lake did also. We used partial least-squares regression to assess whether WL metrics were associated with variation in age-0 Walleye and Yellow Perch abundances, but WL metrics were seldom associated with age-0 abundance for either species. Our analysis suggested a potential influence of WL regulation on age-0 Walleye abundance, but we found no evidence that early spring access to spawning shoals was the mechanism by which this occurred. C1 [Larson, James H.; Vallazza, Jon M.; Knights, Brent C.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Staples, David F.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 5463-C West Broadway, Forest Lake, MN 55025 USA. [Maki, Ryan P.] Voyageurs Natl Pk, 415 South Pokegama Ave, Grand Rapids, MN 55744 USA. [Peterson, Kevin E.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 392 Highway 11 East, Int Falls, MN 56649 USA. RP Larson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM jhlarson@usgs.gov NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1425 EP 1436 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1214645 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900020 ER PT J AU Gibson-Reinemer, DK Stewart, DR Fritts, MW DeBoer, JA Casper, AF AF Gibson-Reinemer, Daniel K. Stewart, David R. Fritts, Mark W. DeBoer, Jason A. Casper, Andrew F. TI Estimating the Effects of Environmental Variables and Gear Type on the Detection and Occupancy of Large-River Fishes in a Standardized Sampling Program Using Multiseason Bayesian Mixture Models SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID STREAM-DWELLING SALMONIDS; DETECTION PROBABILITIES; ILLINOIS RIVER; EFFICIENCY; ABUNDANCE; SPACE; NEED; TIME AB Sampling in non-wadeable rivers presents methodological challenges for monitoring fish species. Changing environmental conditions may affect the ability to accurately capture species (i.e., detection) and consequently may lead to inappropriate inferences on occupancy rates. We used hierarchical Bayesian multiseason mixture models to estimate occupancy and detection of 41 of 52 fish species in the Kankakee River, Illinois, by using data from a standardized monitoring program. Fish were sampled with AC boat electrofishing and shoreline seining over 7 years. Some centrarchids (e.g., Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu) were efficiently sampled by boat electrofishing, whereas most other species had low detection probabilities. Moderate changes in environmental conditions, such as water velocity and temperature, produced moderate changes in detection and occupancy. Generally, when species had high detection probabilities, changes in environmental conditions produced relatively small changes in the estimated detection probabilities. Our results also suggested that some sport fishes collected from rivers with only moderate environmental fluctuations are unlikely to produce strongly biased estimates of detection and occupancy among years. However, many species had detection probabilities that were low, imprecisely estimated, or both. Overall, we demonstrate that long-term fisheries monitoring can effectively detect some species at levels that are often relevant for management, but assessments of species with lower and more uncertain detection probabilities may not provide adequate information for management decisions. We recommend the use of sampling designs that allow the estimation of both detection and occupancy. C1 [Gibson-Reinemer, Daniel K.; Fritts, Mark W.; DeBoer, Jason A.; Casper, Andrew F.] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Illinois River Biol Stn, 704 North Schrader Ave, Havana, IL 62644, Cuba. [Stewart, David R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Sci, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. RP Gibson-Reinemer, DK (reprint author), Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Illinois River Biol Stn, 704 North Schrader Ave, Havana, IL 62644, Cuba. EM danielkgr@gmail.com NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1445 EP 1456 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1206642 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EH5ZM UT WOS:000391851900022 ER PT J AU Syphard, AD Keeley, JE AF Syphard, Alexandra D. Keeley, Jon E. TI Historical reconstructions of California wildfires vary by data source SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE area burned; data uncertainty; fire frequency; fire perimeters; historical trends ID SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; FIRE FREQUENCY; USA; UNCERTAINTY; SEVERITY; REGIMES AB Historical data are essential for understanding how fire activity responds to different drivers. It is important that the source of data is commensurate with the spatial and temporal scale of the question addressed, but fire history databases are derived from different sources with different restrictions. In California, a frequently used fire history dataset is the State of California Fire and Resource Assessment Program (FRAP) fire history database, which circumscribes fire perimeters at a relatively fine scale. It includes large fires on both state and federal lands but only covers fires that were mapped or had other spatially explicit data. A different database is the state and federal governments' annual reports of all fires. They are more complete than the FRAP database but are only spatially explicit to the level of county (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection - Cal Fire) or forest (United States Forest Service - USFS). We found substantial differences between the FRAP database and the annual summaries, with the largest and most consistent discrepancy being in fire frequency. The FRAP database missed the majority of fires and is thus a poor indicator of fire frequency or indicators of ignition sources. The FRAP database is also deficient in area burned, especially before 1950. Even in contemporary records, the huge number of smaller fires not included in the FRAP database account for substantial cumulative differences in area burned. Wildfires in California account for nearly half of the western United States fire suppression budget. Therefore, the conclusions about data discrepancies and the implications for fire research are of broad importance. C1 [Syphard, Alexandra D.] Conservat Biol Inst, 10423 Sierra Vista Ave, La Mesa, CA 91941 USA. [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Kings Canyon Field Stn, 47050 Gen Highway, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. [Keeley, Jon E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Syphard, AD (reprint author), Conservat Biol Inst, 10423 Sierra Vista Ave, La Mesa, CA 91941 USA. EM asyphard@consbio.org NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 12 BP 1221 EP 1227 DI 10.1071/WF16050 PG 7 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA EG5YH UT WOS:000391120200003 ER PT J AU Tam, EK Davis, J Miike, R Orr, J Divinski, T De Marco, T Heisman, M Shibuya, T Pearson, M Elias, T Sutton, A AF Tam, E. K. Davis, J. Miike, R. Orr, J. Divinski, T. De Marco, T. Heisman, M. Shibuya, T. Pearson, M. Elias, T. Sutton, A. TI Lung Function Changes Associated With Episodes Of Volcanic Sulfur Dioxide Exposure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Conference of the American-Thoracic-Society (ATS) CY MAY 13-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Thorac Soc C1 [Tam, E. K.; Davis, J.; Miike, R.; Orr, J.; Divinski, T.; De Marco, T.; Heisman, M.; Shibuya, T.; Pearson, M.] Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Sutton, A.] US Geol Survey, Volcano, HI USA. EM tameliza@hawaii.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PY 2016 VL 193 MA A7675 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA EG0VE UT WOS:000390749607610 ER PT J AU Nagourney, SJ Wilson, SA Long, SE AF Nagourney, S. J. Wilson, S. A. Long, S. E. TI Using reference materials to improve the quality of data generated by USEPA analytical methods SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS LA English DT Article ID HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM AB The quality of data generated for the analysis of environmental samples is critical to State and Federal regulatory agencies to ensure that decisions based upon the amounts of contaminants in environmental samples are truly protective of public health. The quality and validation of these measurements using the approved analytical methodology could be significantly enhanced by incorporating certified reference materials as part of the quality control protocols, yet this has not been widely implemented. Data from certified reference materials can provide critical information that can impact assessments regarding data use that is unavailable by other means. Using the analysis of Cr(VI) in soil extracts as the test case, some of the issues surrounding the use of certified reference materials for environmental applications are discussed in this paper, including the relative cost, and the availability and applicability regarding element coverage and content. C1 [Nagourney, S. J.] New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, Qual Assurance Off, Trenton, NJ USA. [Wilson, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Long, S. E.] NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. RP Long, SE (reprint author), NIST, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM stephen.long@nist.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7887 EI 2050-7895 J9 ENVIRON SCI-PROC IMP JI Environ. Sci.-Process Impacts PY 2016 VL 18 IS 12 BP 1477 EP 1483 DI 10.1039/c6em00438e PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EH0CC UT WOS:000391429000001 PM 27892563 ER PT S AU Kirk, RL Howington-Kraus, E Hare, TM Jorda, L AF Kirk, R. L. Howington-Kraus, E. Hare, T. M. Jorda, L. BE Halounova, L Safar, V Jiang, J Olesovska, H Dvoracek, P Holland, D Seredovich, VA Muller, JP Rao, EPR Veenendaal, B Mu, L Zlatanova, S Oberst, J Yang, CP Stylianidis, YBS Vozenilek, V Vondrakova, A Gartner, G Remondino, F Doytsher, Y Percivall, G Schreier, G Dowman, I Streilein, A Ernst, J TI THE EFFECT OF ILLUMINATION ON STEREO DTM QUALITY: SIMULATIONS IN SUPPORT OF EUROPA EXPLORATION SO XXIII ISPRS CONGRESS, COMMISSION IV SE International Archives of the Photogrammetry Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd ISPRS Congress CY JUL 12-19, 2016 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP Int Soc Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing DE stereogrammetry; matching; DTM; quality; simulations; extraterrestrial; Europa AB We have investigated how the quality of stereoscopically measured topography degrades with varying illumination, in particular the ranges of incidence angles and illumination differences over which useful digital topographic models (DTMs) can be recovered. Our approach is to make high-fidelity simulated image pairs of known topography and compare DTMs from stereoanalysis of these images with the input data. Well-known rules of thumb for horizontal resolution (>3-5 pixels) and matching precision (similar to 0.2-0.3 pixels) are generally confirmed, but the best achievable resolution at high incidence angles is similar to 15 pixels, probably as a result of smoothing internal to the matching algorithm. Single-pass stereo imaging of Europa is likely to yield DTMs of consistent (optimal) quality for all incidence angles <= 85 degrees, and certainly for incidence angles between 40 degrees and 85 degrees. Simulations with pairs of images in which the illumination is not consistent support the utility of shadow tip distance (STD) as a measure of illumination difference, but also suggest new and simpler criteria for evaluating the suitability of stereopairs based on illumination geometry. Our study was motivated by the needs of a mission to Europa, but the approach and (to first order) the results described here are relevant to a wide range of planetary investigations. C1 [Kirk, R. L.; Howington-Kraus, E.; Hare, T. M.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Jorda, L.] Univ Provence, CNRS, F-13388 Marseille 13, France. RP Kirk, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM rkirk@usgs.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 2194-9034 J9 INT ARCH PHOTOGRAMM PY 2016 VL 3 IS 4 BP 103 EP 110 DI 10.5194/isprsannals-III-4-103-2016 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Computer Science; Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA BG6YT UT WOS:000391012900015 ER PT J AU Earl, JE Harper, EB Hocking, DJ Osbourn, MS Rittenhouse, TAG Semlitsch, RD AF Earl, Julia E. Harper, Elizabeth B. Hocking, Daniel J. Osbourn, Michael S. Rittenhouse, Tracy A. G. Semlitsch, Raymond D. TI Effects of timber harvest on small mammal captures in experimental forestry plots SO ANIMAL BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Blarina; clearcutting; forestry; Microtus; Peromyscus; rodent; Sorex ID COARSE WOODY DEBRIS; MICROHABITAT; COMMUNITY; DEER AB To investigate effects of timber harvest on small mammals, we compared capture rates in experimental forestry arrays of uncut forest, partial cut forest, and clearcuts with high and low coarse downed wood in Missouri, USA. Past studies show that effects of timber harvest on small mammals depend on species and forest type. We used an information theoretic approach to compare the effects of timber harvest treatment and habitat characteristics on capture rates. Sorex longirostris captures were best predicted by timber harvest treatment. S. longirostris had higher captures in the clearcut with low downed wood, intermediate numbers of captures in the partial cut and clearcut with high downed wood, and low captures in uncut forest. However, despite differences in captures between the clearcuts with high and low downed wood, we found no difference in habitat variables between the two clearcut types. Blarina spp., Microtus pinetorum, and Peromyscus spp. captures were best predicted by habitat variables rather than timber harvest treatment. Blarina spp. captures were associated with lower leaf litter depth. Peromyscus spp. and M. pinetorum captures were associated with increased coarse downed wood, possibly due to their preference for nest building under logs. Some of these relationships differ from results in other areas of the United States, which may reflect differences in species-habitat relationships in different forest types or regions. Relationships between species and habitat variables will be useful in adjusting forestry practices to meet species management objectives. C1 [Earl, Julia E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Harper, Elizabeth B.] New England Coll, Div Nat & Social Sci, Henniker, NH 03287 USA. [Hocking, Daniel J.; Semlitsch, Raymond D.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Hocking, Daniel J.] USGS, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. [Osbourn, Michael S.] Appalachian State Univ, Dept Biol, Boone, NC 28608 USA. [Rittenhouse, Tracy A. G.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Earl, JE (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM julia.earl@okstate.edu OI Earl, Julia/0000-0003-0480-9635 FU National Science Foundation [DEB 0235543]; National Science Foundation; US Department of Homeland Security; US Department of Agriculture through, NSF Award [EF-0832858]; University of Tennessee, Knoxville; South Central Climate Science Center FX We thank S. Altnether, T. Altnether, C.A. Conner, D. Patrick, L. Rehard, B. Scheffers, J. Sias and E. Wengert for their help building fences and checking pitfall traps, J. Briggler and G. Raeker of the Missouri Department of Conservation and F. Thompson of the U.S. Forest Service for logistical support, T. Little and S. Heinrich for technical support, K. Andersson for help with model convergence, and M. Gompper and W. Wehtje for comments on previous versions of this manuscript (as well as anonymous reviewers in Peerage of Science, where the manuscript was evaluated prior to submission). This research was supported by a collaborative grant from the National Science Foundation DEB 0235543 and Life Sciences Fellowships to J.E.E. and D.J.H. This work was partially conducted while a Postdoctoral Fellow (J.E.E.) at the National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis, an Institute sponsored by the National Science Foundation, the US Department of Homeland Security, and the US Department of Agriculture through, NSF Award #EF-0832858, with additional support from The University of Tennessee, Knoxville. J.E.E. was also partially supported by the South Central Climate Science Center. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-7555 EI 1570-7563 J9 ANIM BIOL JI Anim. Biol. PY 2016 VL 66 IS 3-4 BP 347 EP 362 DI 10.1163/15707563-00002511 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA EF8XH UT WOS:000390614800010 ER PT J AU Star, J Rowland, EL Black, ME Enquist, CAF Garfin, G Hoffman, CH Hartmann, H Jacobs, KL Moss, RH Waple, AM AF Star, Jonathan Rowland, Erika L. Black, Mary E. Enquist, Carolyn A. F. Garfin, Gregg Hoffman, Catherine Hawkins Hartmann, Holly Jacobs, Katharine L. Moss, Richard H. Waple, Anne M. TI Supporting adaptation decisions through scenario planning: Enabling the effective use of multiple methods SO CLIMATE RISK MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Scenario planning; Climate adaptation ID NATURAL-RESOURCE MANAGEMENT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; TOOL; CONSERVATION; UNCERTAINTY; FUTURE; FIT AB Scenario planning is a technique used to inform decision-making under uncertainty, and is increasingly applied in the field of climate change adaptation and policy. This paper describes applications that combine previously distinct scenario methods in new and innovative ways. It draws on numerous recent independent case studies to illustrate emerging practices, such as far stronger connections between researcher-driven and participatory approaches and cycling between exploratory and normative perspectives. The paper concludes with a call for greater support for, and collaboration among, practitioners with the argument that mixed methods are most effective for decision-making in the context of climate change challenges. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Star, Jonathan] Scenario Insight LLC, 769 Ctr Blvd 63, Fairfax, CA 94930 USA. [Rowland, Erika L.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, 332 Del Chadbourne Rd, Bridgton, ME 04009 USA. [Black, Mary E.; Jacobs, Katharine L.] Univ Arizona, Ctr Climate Adaptat Sci & Solut, POB 210137, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Enquist, Carolyn A. F.] Univ Arizona, DOI Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, USGS, POB 210137, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Garfin, Gregg] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, POB 210137, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Hoffman, Catherine Hawkins] Natl Pk Serv, Climate Change Response Program, 1201 Oakridge Dr,Suite 200, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Hartmann, Holly] Holly C Hartmann Consulting, POB 40721, Eugene, OR 97404 USA. [Moss, Richard H.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Program, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Moss, Richard H.] Univ Maryland, 5825 Univ Res Court,Suite 3500, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Waple, Anne M.] Waple Res & Consulting, Weaverville, NC USA. RP Black, ME (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Ctr Climate Adaptat Sci & Solut, POB 210137, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM jstar@scenarioinsight.com; erowland@wcs.org; mblack@email.arizona.edu; cenquist@usgs.gov; gmgarfin@email.arizona.edu; cat_hawkins_hoffman@nps.gov; holly.hartmann@gmail.com; jacobsk@email.arizona.edu; rhm@pnnl.gov; amwaple@gmail.com FU U.S. Geological Survey [G15AP00172] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Geological Survey under Grant No. G15AP00172. NR 47 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2212-0963 J9 CLIM RISK MANAG JI CLIM. RISK MANAG. PY 2016 VL 13 BP 88 EP 94 DI 10.1016/j.crm.2016.08.001 PG 7 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA EG1SS UT WOS:000390813100008 ER PT S AU Rundel, PW Arroyo, MTK Cowling, RM Keeley, JE Lamont, BB Vargas, P AF Rundel, Philip W. Arroyo, Mary T. K. Cowling, Richard M. Keeley, Jon E. Lamont, Byron B. Vargas, Pablo BE Futuyma, DJ TI Mediterranean Biomes: Evolution of Their Vegetation, Floras, and Climate SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS, VOL 47 SE Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE mediterranean-type ecosystems; mediterranean climate; fire; evolutionary history; southwestern Australia; Cape Region; Mediterranean Basin; California; Chile ID MESSINIAN SALINITY CRISIS; CAPE BIODIVERSITY HOTSPOT; PLANT DIVERSITY; SOUTH-AFRICA; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; FLORISTIC REGION; SPECIES RICHNESS; PHYLOGENETIC PERSPECTIVE; HISTORICAL BIOGEOGRAPHY; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENIES AB Mediterranean-type ecosystems (MTEs) are located today in southwestern Australia, the Cape Region of South Africa, the Mediterranean Basin, California, and central Chile. These MTEs possess the highest levels of plant species richness in the world outside of the wet tropics. These ecosystems include a variety of vegetation structures that range from the iconic mediterranean-type shrublands to deciduous and evergreen woodlands, evergreen forests, and herblands and grasslands. Sclerophyll vegetation similar to today's mediterranean-type shrublands was already present on oligotrophic soils in the wet and humid climate of the Cretaceous, with fire-adapted Paleogene lineages in southwestern Australia and the Cape Region. The novel mediterranean-type climate (MTC) seasonality present since the middle Miocene has allowed colonization of MTEs from a regional species pool with associated diversification. Fire persistence has been a primary driving factor for speciation in four of the five regions. Understanding the regional patterns of plant species diversity among the MTEs involves complex interactions of geologic and climatic histories for each region as well as ecological factors that have promoted diversification in the Neogene and Quaternary. A critical element of species richness for many MTE lineages has been their ability to speciate and persist at fine spatial scales, with low rates of extinction. C1 [Rundel, Philip W.] Univ Southern Calif, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rundel, Philip W.] Univ Southern Calif, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Arroyo, Mary T. K.] Univ Chile, Dept Ecol Sci, Fac Ciencias, Inst Ecol & Biodivers, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile. [Cowling, Richard M.] Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Univ, Ctr Coastal Palaeosci, ZA-6031 Port Elizabeth, South Africa. [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Sequoia Field Stn, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. [Lamont, Byron B.] Curtin Univ, Dept Environm & Agr, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Vargas, Pablo] Royal Bot Garden Madrid RJB CSIC, Dept Biodivers & Conservat, Madrid 28014, Spain. RP Rundel, PW (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.; Rundel, PW (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM rundel@biology.ucla.edu; southern@uchile.cl; rmc@kingsley.co.za; jon_keeley@usgs.gov; B.Lamont@curtin.edu.au; vargas@rjb.csic.es NR 135 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 24 U2 24 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1543-592X BN 978-0-8243-1447-7 J9 ANNU REV ECOL EVOL S JI Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. PY 2016 VL 47 BP 383 EP 407 DI 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-121415-032330 PG 25 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA BG5MY UT WOS:000389576500017 ER PT S AU Novak, M Yeakel, JD Noble, AE Doak, DF Emmerson, M Estes, JA Jacob, U Tinker, MT Wootton, JT AF Novak, Mark Yeakel, Justin D. Noble, Andrew E. Doak, Daniel F. Emmerson, Mark Estes, James A. Jacob, Ute Tinker, M. Timothy Wootton, J. Timothy BE Futuyma, DJ TI Characterizing Species Interactions to Understand Press Perturbations: What Is the Community Matrix? SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF ECOLOGY, EVOLUTION, AND SYSTEMATICS, VOL 47 SE Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE indirect effects; interaction strengths; multiple stressors; network dynamics; sensitivity analysis; prediction ID ECOLOGICAL INTERACTION NETWORKS; COMPLEX FOOD WEBS; INTERACTION STRENGTHS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; REAL ECOSYSTEMS; QUALITATIVE-ANALYSIS; LOOP ANALYSIS; STABILITY; MODELS; DYNAMICS AB The community matrix is among ecology's most important mathematical abstractions, formally encapsulating the interconnected network of effects that species have on one another's populations. Despite its importance, the term "community matrix" has been applied to multiple types of matrices that have differing interpretations. This has hindered the application of theory for understanding community structure and perturbation responses. Here, we clarify the correspondence and distinctions among the Interaction matrix, the Alpha matrix, and the Jacobian matrix, terms that are frequently used interchangeably as well as synonymously with the term "community matrix." We illustrate how these matrices correspond to different ways of characterizing interaction strengths, how they permit insights regarding different types of press perturbations, and how these are related by a simple scaling relationship. Connections to additional interaction strength characterizations encapsulated by the Beta matrix, the Gamma matrix, and the Removal matrix are also discussed. Our synthesis highlights the empirical challenges that remain in using these tools to understand actual communities. C1 [Novak, Mark] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Yeakel, Justin D.] Univ Calif, Sch Nat Sci, Merced, CA 95343 USA. [Yeakel, Justin D.] Santa Fe Inst, Santa Fe, NM 87501 USA. [Noble, Andrew E.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Doak, Daniel F.] Univ Colorado, Dept Environm Studies, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Emmerson, Mark] Queens Univ Belfast, Sch Biol Sci, Belfast BT7 1NN, Antrim, North Ireland. [Estes, James A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Jacob, Ute] Univ Hamburg, Dept Biol, D-22767 Hamburg, Germany. [Tinker, M. Timothy] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA. [Wootton, J. Timothy] Univ Chicago, Dept Ecol & Evolut, 940 E 57Th St, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Novak, M (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM mark.novak@oregonstate.edu RI Novak, Mark/E-2194-2012 NR 101 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1543-592X BN 978-0-8243-1447-7 J9 ANNU REV ECOL EVOL S JI Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. PY 2016 VL 47 BP 409 EP 432 DI 10.1146/annurev-ecolsys-032416-010215 PG 24 WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology GA BG5MY UT WOS:000389576500018 ER PT J AU Sanz-Ronda, FJ Bravo-Cordoba, FJ Fuentes-Perez, JF Castro-Santos, T AF Sanz-Ronda, F. J. Bravo-Cordoba, F. J. Fuentes-Perez, J. F. Castro-Santos, T. TI Ascent ability of brown trout, Salmo trutta, and two Iberian cyprinids - Iberian barbel, Luciobarbus bocagei, and northern straight-mouth nase, Pseudochondrostoma duriense - in a vertical slot fishway SO KNOWLEDGE AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Iberian fish; vertical slot fishway; fish passage; motivation; transit time ID POOL-TYPE FISHWAY; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; SPRINTING PERFORMANCE; PASSAGE PERFORMANCE; VELOCITY BARRIERS; ATLANTIC SALMON; SURVIVAL; BEHAVIOR; SPEED; STEINDACHNER AB Passage performance of brown trout (Salmo trutta), Iberian barbel (Luciobarbus bocagei), and northern straight-mouth nase (Pseudochondrostoma duriense) was investigated in a vertical slot fishway in the Porma River (Duero River basin, Spain) using PIT telemetry. We analysed the effects of different fishway discharges on motivation and passage success. Both cyprinid species ascended the fishway easily, performing better than the trout despite their theoretically weaker swimming performance. Fishway discharge affected fish motivation although it did not clearly influence passage success. Observed results can guide design and operation criteria of vertical slot fishways for native Iberian fish. C1 [Sanz-Ronda, F. J.; Bravo-Cordoba, F. J.; Fuentes-Perez, J. F.] Univ Valladolid, Dept Ingn Agr & Forestal, UD Hidraul & Hidrol, GEA Ecohidraulica Org,ESTSIIAA, Avda Madrid 44, Palencia 34004, Spain. [Castro-Santos, T.] USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, POB 796,One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA. RP Sanz-Ronda, FJ (reprint author), Univ Valladolid, Dept Ingn Agr & Forestal, UD Hidraul & Hidrol, GEA Ecohidraulica Org,ESTSIIAA, Avda Madrid 44, Palencia 34004, Spain. EM jsanz@iaf.uva.es OI Castro-Santos, Theodore/0000-0003-2575-9120; Fuentes-Perez, Juan Francisco/0000-0003-2384-9085 FU Castilla y Leon Regional Government [VA299B11-2]; University of Valladolid PIF-UVa FX This research has been supported by Castilla y Leon Regional Government: project VA299B11-2: "Swimming capacity evaluation in Iberian fish". Francisco Javier Bravo-Cordoba is supported by a Ph. D. grant from the University of Valladolid PIF-UVa 2011. Leon Fisheries Service facilitated their installations and staff for experimentation. We specially thank to the research group GEA-Ecohidraulica their help on fieldwork. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU EDP SCIENCES S A PI LES ULIS CEDEX A PA 17, AVE DU HOGGAR, PA COURTABOEUF, BP 112, F-91944 LES ULIS CEDEX A, FRANCE SN 1961-9502 J9 KNOWL MANAG AQUAT EC JI Knowl. Manag. Aquat. Ecosyst. PY 2016 IS 417 AR 10 DI 10.1051/kmae/2015043 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EF5UB UT WOS:000390394000009 ER PT J AU Izzo, LK Maynard, GA Zydlewski, J AF Izzo, Lisa K. Maynard, George A. Zydlewski, Joseph TI Upstream Movements of Atlantic Salmon in the Lower Penobscot River, Maine Following Two Dam Removals and Fish Passage Modifications SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID ADULT CHINOOK SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; POWER-STATION; SNAKE RIVERS; MIGRATION; SALAR; EFFICIENCY; MORTALITY; STEELHEAD; TELEMETRY AB The Penobscot River Restoration Project (PRRP), to be completed in 2016, involved an extensive plan of dam removal, increases in hydroelectric capacity, and fish passage modifications to increase habitat access for diadromous species. As part of the PRRP, Great Works and Veazie dams were removed, making Milford Dam the first impediment to federally endangered Atlantic Salmon Salmo salar. Upstream habitat access for Atlantic Salmon is dependent upon successful and timely passage at Milford Dam because nearly all suitable spawning habitat is located upstream. In 2014 and 2015, a total of 73 adult salmon were radio-tagged to track their upstream movements through the Penobscot River to assess potential delays at (1) the dam remnants, (2) the confluence of the Stillwater Branch and the main stem of the Penobscot River below the impassable Orono Dam, and (3) the Milford Dam fish lift (installed in 2014). Movement rates through the dam remnants and the Stillwater confluence were comparable to open river reaches. Passage efficiency of the fish lift was high in both years (95% and 100%). However, fish experienced long delays at Milford Dam, with approximately one-third of fish taking more than a week to pass in each year, well below the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission passage standard of 95% within 48 h. Telemetry indicates most fish locate the fishway entrance within 5 h of arrival and were observed at the entrance at all hours of the day. These data indicate that overall transit times through the lower river were comparable to reported movement rates prior to changes to the Penobscot River due to the substantial delays seen at Milford Dam. The results of this study show that while adult Atlantic Salmon locate the new fish lift entrance quickly, passage of these fish was significantly delayed under 2014-2015 operations. C1 [Izzo, Lisa K.; Maynard, George A.; Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. [Zydlewski, Joseph] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. RP Izzo, LK (reprint author), Univ Maine, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Conservat Biol, 5755 Nutting Hall, Orono, ME 04469 USA. EM lisa.k.izzo@uvm.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Program; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; University of Maine [A2014-01-05] FX This project was funded through the U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Program, administered in partnership with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Thanks to J. Hightower and G. Zydlewski for providing input throughout the design and implementation of the study. We would like to acknowledge the Maine Department of Marine Resources, especially R. Dill, P. Ruksznis, and M. Simpson, for collecting and assisting in tagging of fish. We also thank K. Boyd, C. Gardner, and J. Kocik for their assistance in the field. Additionally, we acknowledge the landowners that allowed us access to their property for our stationary radiotelemetry array, including the Eddington Salmon Club, the Orono-Veazie Water District, and Old Town Sewer District, as well as Brookfield Renewable Energy, especially R. Brochu and K. Job, for allowing access to Milford Dam for tagging and tracking of fish. This work was supported in part by an award from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Penobscot River Restoration Trust, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, or any of their Members or subagencies. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of University of Maine protocol A2014-01-05 NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1942-5120 J9 MAR COAST FISH JI Mar. Coast. Fish. PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 BP 448 EP 461 DI 10.1080/19425120.2016.1185063 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EF2DB UT WOS:000390133700004 ER PT J AU von Biela, VR Zimmerman, CE Kruse, GH Mueter, FJ Black, BA Douglas, DC Bodkin, JL AF von Biela, Vanessa R. Zimmerman, Christian E. Kruse, Gordon H. Mueter, Franz J. Black, Bryan A. Douglas, David C. Bodkin, James L. TI Influence of Basin- and Local-Scale Environmental Conditions on Nearshore Production in the Northeast Pacific Ocean SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID ROCKY INTERTIDAL COMMUNITIES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; CALIFORNIA CURRENT; SOUTHEAST ALASKA; REGIME SHIFTS; REPRODUCTIVE CONSEQUENCES; HEMISPHERE ECOSYSTEMS; MYTILUS-CALIFORNIANUS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS AB Nearshore marine habitats are productive and vulnerable owing to their connections to pelagic and terrestrial landscapes. To understand how ocean basin-and local-scale conditions may influence nearshore species, we developed an annual index of nearshore production (spanning the period 1972-2010) from growth increments recorded in otoliths of representative pelagic-feeding (Black Rockfish Sebastes melanops) and benthic-feeding (Kelp Greenling Hexagrammos decagrammus) nearshore-resident fishes at nine sites in the California Current and Alaska Coastal Current systems. We explored the influence of basin-and local-scale conditions across all seasons at lags of up to 2 years to represent changes in prey quantity (1- or 2-year time lags) and quality (within-year relationships). Relationships linking fish growth to basin-scale (Pacific Decadal Oscillation, North Pacific Gyre Oscillation, and multivariate El Nino-Southern Oscillation index) and local-scale (sea surface temperature, sea surface height anomalies, upwelling index, photosynthetically active radiation, and freshwater discharge) environmental conditions varied by species and current system. Growth of Black Rockfish increased with cool basin-scale conditions in the California Current and warm local-scale conditions in the Alaska Coastal Current, consistent with existing hypotheses linking climate to pelagic production on continental shelves in the respective regions. Relationships for Kelp Greenlings in the California Current were complex, with faster growth related to within-year warm conditions and lagged-year cool conditions. These opposing, lag-dependent relationships may reflect differences in conditions that promote quantity versus quality of benthic invertebrate prey in the California Current. Thus, we hypothesize that benthic production is maximized by alternating cool and warm years, as benthic invertebrate recruitment is food limited during warm years while growth is temperature limited by cool years in the California Current. On the other hand, Kelp Greenlings grew faster during and subsequent to warm conditions at basin and local scales in the Alaska Coastal Current. C1 [von Biela, Vanessa R.; Zimmerman, Christian E.; Douglas, David C.; Bodkin, James L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [von Biela, Vanessa R.; Kruse, Gordon H.; Mueter, Franz J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Coll Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Black, Bryan A.] Univ Texas Dallas, Inst Marine Sci, 750 Channel View Dr, Port Aransas, TX 78373 USA. RP von Biela, VR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.; von Biela, VR (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Coll Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM vvonbiela@usgs.gov FU USGS Ecosystems Mission Area; Department of the Interior on the Landscape Initiative; USGS Pacific Nearshore Team FX This work was part of the Pacific Nearshore Project supported by the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area and the Department of the Interior on the Landscape Initiative to investigate biotic responses to environmental variation in nearshore habitats of the northeast Pacific Ocean. We thank the USGS Pacific Nearshore Team for project support. We are grateful for the fish collections provided by H. Coletti (National Park Service), M. Murray (Monterey Bay Aquarium), S. Larson (Seattle Aquarium), S. Hoobler (California Department of Fish and Wildlife), L. Nichols (Canada Department of Fisheries and Oceans), B. Ballachey, K. Bodkin, L. Bowen, T. Dean, G. Esslingen, J. Estes, A. Fukuyama, B. Hatfield, M. Kenner, K. Kloecker, D. Monson, L. Nichol, R. Markel, A. Miles, S. Saupe, G. Snedgen, M. Staedler, T. Tinker, J. Tomoleoni, C. Turner, K. Vicknair, B. Weitzman, and S. Wood. We thank J. Saarinen for supplying watershed polygons, D. Hill and J. Beamer for providing data on freshwater discharge in the Gulf of Alaska, and S. Okkonen for helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. E. Calvert Siddon and two anonymous reviewers provided comments that strengthened the manuscript. Any use of trade names or products is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 136 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1942-5120 J9 MAR COAST FISH JI Mar. Coast. Fish. PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 BP 502 EP 521 DI 10.1080/19425120.2016.1194919 PG 20 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EF2DB UT WOS:000390133700008 ER PT J AU Ajemian, MJ Jose, PD Froeschke, JT Wildhaber, ML Stunz, GW AF Ajemian, Matthew J. Jose, Philip D. Froeschke, John T. Wildhaber, Mark L. Stunz, Gregory W. TI Was Everything Bigger in Texas? Characterization and Trends of a Land-Based Recreational Shark Fishery SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; BULL SHARK; NEGAPRION-BREVIROSTRIS; CARCHARHINUS-LEUCAS; ESTUARINE WATERS; STOCK ASSESSMENT; SHARPNOSE SHARK; COASTAL SHARKS; SPHYRNA-LEWINI AB Although current assessments of shark population trends involve both fishery-independent and fishery-dependent data, the latter are generally limited to commercial landings that may neglect nearshore coastal habitats. Texas has supported the longest organized land-based recreational shark fishery in the United States, yet no studies have used this "non-traditional" data source to characterize the catch composition or trends in this multidecadal fishery. We analyzed catch records from two distinct periods straddling heavy commercial exploitation of sharks in the Gulf of Mexico (historical period = 1973-1986; modern period = 2008-2015) to highlight and make available the current status and historical trends in Texas' land-based shark fishery. Catch records describing large coastal species (>1,800 mm stretched total length [STL]) were examined using multivariate techniques to assess catch seasonality and potential temporal shifts in species composition. These fishery-dependent data revealed consistent seasonality that was independent of the data set examined, although distinct shark assemblages were evident between the two periods. Similarity percentage analysis suggested decreased contributions of Lemon Shark Negaprion brevirostris over time and a general shift toward the dominance of Bull Shark Carcharhinus leucas and Blacktip Shark C. limbatus. Comparisons of mean STL for species captured in historical and modern periods further identified significant decreases for both Bull Sharks and Lemon Sharks. Size structure analysis showed a distinct paucity of landed individuals over 2,000 mm STL in recent years. Although inherent biases in reporting and potential gear-related inconsistencies undoubtedly influenced this fishery-dependent data set, the patterns in our findings documented potential declines in the size and occurrence of select large coastal shark species off Texas, consistent with declines reported in the Gulf of Mexico. Future management efforts should consider the use of non-traditional fishery-dependent data sources, such as land-based records, as data streams in stock assessments. C1 [Ajemian, Matthew J.; Jose, Philip D.; Stunz, Gregory W.] Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst Gulf Mexico Studies, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. [Froeschke, John T.] Gulf Mexico Fishery Management Council, 2203 North Lois Ave,Suite 1100, Tampa, FL 33607 USA. [Wildhaber, Mark L.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch, Oceanog Inst, 5600 US 1 North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA. RP Ajemian, MJ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Harte Res Inst Gulf Mexico Studies, 6300 Ocean Dr, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA. EM majemian@fau.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey's Park-Oriented Biological Support program under the direction of the National Park Service; Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative FX We are indebted to Captain Billy Sandifer for his traditional knowledge of the land-based shark fishery and for providing historical records from the CCSA. Todd Neahr and the Sharkathon.com tournament were exceptional sources of additional input and provided access to angler participation. Several local anglers contributed to the volunteer tagging work, and data collection for the modern period would have been impossible without J. Gardner, E. Ozolins, and A. Zertuche, among many others. We also acknowledge funding support from the U.S. Geological Survey's Park-Oriented Biological Support program under the direction of the National Park Service, as well as a grant from the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative. Data are publicly available through the Gulf of Mexico Research Initiative Information and Data Cooperative (GRIIDC). Additional logistical support was provided by the HRI and Texas A&M University-Corpus Christi. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1942-5120 J9 MAR COAST FISH JI Mar. Coast. Fish. PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 BP 553 EP 566 DI 10.1080/19425120.2016.1227404 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EF2DB UT WOS:000390133700011 ER PT J AU Hu, H Hong, XC Terstriep, J Liu, YY Finn, MP Rush, J Wendel, J Wang, SW AF Hu, Hao Hong, Xingchen Terstriep, Jeff Liu, Yan Y. Finn, Michael P. Rush, Johnathan Wendel, Jeffrey Wang, Shaowen GP ACM TI TopoLens: Building a CyberGIS Community Data Service for Enhancing the Usability of High-resolution National Topographic Datasets SO PROCEEDINGS OF XSEDE16: DIVERSITY, BIG DATA, AND SCIENCE AT SCALE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Diversity, Big Data, and Science at Scale (XSEDE) CY JUL 17-21, 2016 CL Miami, FL SP Intel, Dell, Hewlett Packard Enterprise, Cray, DataDirect Networks, Aeon Comp, Coalit Acad Sci Computat, Convergent Sci, Internet2, NVIDIA, OmniBond, San Diego Supercomputer Ctr, Adapt Comp, Allinea, D Wave, Gen Atom, Georgia State Univ, Indiana Univ, Pervas Technol Inst, iRODS, Lenovo, Assoc Comp Machinery DE CyberGIS; geospatial big data; data sharing; elevation data; microservices; web-based gateway environment ID BIG DATA; CLOUD AB Geospatial data, often embedded with geographic references, are important to many application and science domains, and represent a major type of big data. The increased volume and diversity of geospatial data have caused serious usability issues for researchers in various scientific domains, which call for innovative cyberGIS solutions. To address these issues, this paper describes a cyberGIS community data service framework to facilitate geospatial big data access, processing, and sharing based on a hybrid supercomputer architecture. Through the collaboration between the CyberGIS Center at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC) and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), a community data service for accessing, customizing, and sharing digital elevation model (DEM) and its derived datasets from the 10-meter national elevation dataset, namely TopoLens, is created to demonstrate the workflow integration of geospatial big data sources, computation, analysis needed for customizing the original dataset for end user needs, and a friendly online user environment. TopoLens provides online access to precomputed and on-demand computed high-resolution elevation data by exploiting the ROGER supercomputer. The usability of this prototype service has been acknowledged in community evaluation. C1 [Hu, Hao; Wang, Shaowen] Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Hong, Xingchen; Terstriep, Jeff; Liu, Yan Y.; Rush, Johnathan; Wang, Shaowen] Univ Illinois, Natl Ctr Supercomp Applicat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Finn, Michael P.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Wendel, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. RP Hu, H (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Geog & Geog Informat Sci, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. EM haohu3@illinois.edu; hong114@illinois.edu; jefft@illinois.edu; yanliu@illinois.edu; mfinn@usgs.gov; jfr@illinois.edu; jwendel@usgs.gov; shaowen@illinois.edu OI Liu, Yan Y/0000-0003-2298-4728 NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4755-6 PY 2016 DI 10.1145/2949550.2949652 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA BG6IH UT WOS:000390305000039 ER PT J AU Smith, JT Muehlbauer, JD Kennedy, TA AF Smith, Joshua T. Muehlbauer, Jeffrey D. Kennedy, Theodore A. TI Evaluating potential sources of variation in Chironomidae catch rates on sticky traps SO MARINE AND FRESHWATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chironomidae; insecticide; sex ratio; spatial heterogeneity; sticky traps; trap height ID ADULT AQUATIC INSECTS; FLIGHT ACTIVITY; MIDGES DIPTERA; ABUNDANCE; STREAM AB Sticky traps are a convenient tool for assessing adult aquatic insect population dynamics, but there are many practical questions about how trap sampling artefacts may affect observed results. Utilising study sites on the Colorado River and two smaller streams in northern Arizona, USA, we evaluated whether catch rates and sex ratios of Chironomidae, a ubiquitous aquatic insect, were affected by spraying traps with insecticide, placing traps at different heights above ground, and placing traps at different locations within a terrestrial habitat patch. We also evaluated temporal variation in Chironomidae counts monthly over a 9-month growing season. We found no significant variation in catch rates or sex ratios between traps treated versus untreated with insecticide, nor between traps placed at the upstream or downstream end of a terrestrial habitat patch. Traps placed near ground level did have significantly higher catch rates than traps placed at 1.5 m, although sex ratios were similar across heights. Chironomidae abundance and sex ratios also varied from month-to-month and seemed to be related to climatic conditions. Our results inform future sticky trap studies by demonstrating that trap height, but not insecticide treatment or precise trap placement within a habitat patch, is an important source of variation influencing catch rates. C1 [Smith, Joshua T.; Muehlbauer, Jeffrey D.; Kennedy, Theodore A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Smith, JT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM joshuasmith@fs.fed.us RI Muehlbauer, Jeffrey/G-3607-2011 OI Muehlbauer, Jeffrey/0000-0003-1808-580X FU US Bureau of Reclamation Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program FX We thank A. Copp, N. Divall, D. Foster, D. Goodenough, T. Quigley and Doris Duke interns for field and laboratory support. We also thank Narcis Prat for suggesting we investigate the effects of trap height. Funding was provided by the US Bureau of Reclamation Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. The comments of Daniel Sarr and two anonymous reviewers helped add clarity to this manuscript and we are grateful for their efforts. Use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1323-1650 EI 1448-6059 J9 MAR FRESHWATER RES JI Mar. Freshw. Res. PY 2016 VL 67 IS 12 BP 1987 EP 1990 DI 10.1071/MF15189 PG 4 WC Fisheries; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography GA ED9ZJ UT WOS:000389232200020 ER PT S AU Barsi, JA Markham, BL Czapla-Myers, JS Helder, DL Hook, SJ Schott, JR Haque, MO AF Barsi, Julia A. Markham, Brian L. Czapla-Myers, Jeffrey S. Helder, Dennis L. Hook, Simon J. Schott, John R. Haque, Md. Obaidul BE Butler, JJ Xiong, X Gu, X TI Landsat-7 ETM+ Radiometric Calibration Status SO Earth Observing Systems XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Earth Observing Systems XXI CY AUG 30-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Landsat; ETM; radiometry; calibration; reflective; thermal ID DESERT SITES AB Now in its 17th year of operation, the Enhanced Thematic Mapper + (ETM+), on board the Landsat-7 satellite, continues to systematically acquire imagery of the Earth to add to the 40+ year archive of Landsat data. Characterization of the ETM+ on-orbit radiometric performance has been on-going since its launch in 1999. The radiometric calibration of the reflective bands is still monitored using on-board calibration devices, though the Pseudo-Invariant Calibration Sites (PICS) method has proven to be an effective tool as well. The calibration gains were updated in April 2013 based primarily on PICS results, which corrected for a change of as much as -0.2%/year degradation in the worst case bands. A new comparison with the SADE database of PICS results indicates no additional degradation in the updated calibration. PICS data are still being tracked though the recent trends are not well understood. The thermal band calibration was updated last in October 2013 based on a continued calibration effort by NASA/Jet Propulsion Lab and Rochester Institute of Technology. The update accounted for a 0.036 W/m(2) sr mu m or 0.26K at 300K bias error. The updated lifetime trend is now stable to within +/-0.4K. C1 [Barsi, Julia A.] NASA GSFC, SSAI, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Markham, Brian L.] NASA GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Czapla-Myers, Jeffrey S.; Hook, Simon J.] South Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Hook, Simon J.] NASA JPL, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Schott, John R.] Rochester Inst Technol, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Haque, Md. Obaidul] Stinger Ghaffarian Technol Inc, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Barsi, JA (reprint author), NASA GSFC, SSAI, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM julia.barsi@nasa.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0335-6; 978-1-5106-0336-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9972 AR UNSP 99720C DI 10.1117/12.2238625 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG5CW UT WOS:000389369500010 ER PT S AU Micijevic, E Haque, MO Mishra, N AF Micijevic, Esad Haque, Md Obaidul Mishra, Nischal BE Butler, JJ Xiong, X Gu, X TI Radiometric calibration updates to the Landsat collection SO Earth Observing Systems XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Earth Observing Systems XXI CY AUG 30-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Landsat; radiometry; calibration; characterization; collection ID CROSS-CALIBRATION AB The Landsat Project is planning to implement a new collection management strategy for Landsat products generated at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center. The goal of the initiative is to identify a collection of consistently geolocated and radiometrically calibrated images across the entire Landsat archive that is readily suitable for time-series analyses. In order to perform an accurate land change analysis, the data from all Landsat sensors must be on the same radiometric scale. Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) is calibrated to a radiance standard and all previous sensors are cross-calibrated to its radiometric scale. Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) is calibrated to both radiance and reflectance standards independently. The Landsat 8 OLI reflectance calibration is considered to be most accurate. To improve radiometric calibration accuracy of historical data, Landsat 1-7 sensors also need to be cross-calibrated to the OLI reflectance scale. Results of that effort, as well as other calibration updates including the absolute and relative radiometric calibration and saturated pixel replacement for Landsat 8 OLI and absolute calibration for Landsat 4 and 5 Thematic Mappers (TM), will be implemented into Landsat products during the archive reprocessing campaign planned within the new collection management strategy. This paper reports on the planned radiometric calibration updates to the solar reflective bands of the new Landsat collection. C1 [Micijevic, Esad; Haque, Md Obaidul] SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Mishra, Nischal] Virtuoso Inc, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. RP Micijevic, E (reprint author), SGT Inc, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. EM esad.micijevic.ctr@usgs.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0335-6; 978-1-5106-0336-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9972 AR UNSP 99720D DI 10.1117/12.2239426 PG 12 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG5CW UT WOS:000389369500011 ER PT J AU Jachowski, DS Slotow, R Angermeier, PL Millspaugh, JJ AF Jachowski, David S. Slotow, Rob Angermeier, Paul L. Millspaugh, Joshua J. BE Jachowski, DS Millspaugh, JJ Angermeier, PL Slotow, R TI Animal Reintroduction in the Anthropocene SO REINTRODUCTION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE POPULATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Jachowski, David S.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Jachowski, David S.; Slotow, Rob] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Scottsville, South Africa. [Angermeier, Paul L.] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Jachowski, DS (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.; Jachowski, DS (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Scottsville, South Africa. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-28461-6 PY 2016 BP 1 EP 4 PG 4 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3UF UT WOS:000388303700002 ER PT J AU Converse, SJ Armstrong, DP AF Converse, Sarah J. Armstrong, Doug P. BE Jachowski, DS Millspaugh, JJ Angermeier, PL Slotow, R TI Demographic Modeling for Reintroduction Decision-Making SO REINTRODUCTION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE POPULATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POPULATION VIABILITY ANALYSIS; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; INTRODUCED POPULATIONS; CONSERVATION BIOLOGY; SPECIES CONSERVATION; MARKED ANIMALS; TRANSLOCATION; SURVIVAL; INTEGRATION C1 [Converse, Sarah J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. [Armstrong, Doug P.] Massey Univ, Inst Agr & Environm, Palmerton North, New Zealand. RP Converse, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. NR 112 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-28461-6 PY 2016 BP 123 EP 146 PG 24 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3UF UT WOS:000388303700008 ER PT J AU Muths, E McCallum, H AF Muths, Erin McCallum, Hamish BE Jachowski, DS Millspaugh, JJ Angermeier, PL Slotow, R TI Why You Cannot Ignore Disease When You Reintroduce Animals SO REINTRODUCTION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE POPULATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FACIAL TUMOR DISEASE; FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; AMPHIBIAN CHYTRID FUNGUS; CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; TASMANIAN DEVIL; BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; BOREAL TOADS; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT C1 [Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [McCallum, Hamish] Griffith Sch Environm, Nathan, Qld, Australia. [McCallum, Hamish] Environm Futures Res Inst, Nathan, Qld, Australia. RP Muths, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. RI McCallum, Hamish/E-1638-2013 OI McCallum, Hamish/0000-0002-3493-0412 NR 175 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-28461-6 PY 2016 BP 217 EP 243 PG 27 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3UF UT WOS:000388303700011 ER PT J AU Jachowski, DS Slotow, R Angermeier, PL Millspaugh, JJ AF Jachowski, David S. Slotow, Rob Angermeier, Paul L. Millspaugh, Joshua J. BE Jachowski, DS Millspaugh, JJ Angermeier, PL Slotow, R TI The Future of Animal Reintroduction SO REINTRODUCTION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE POPULATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ASSISTED COLONIZATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WOLF REINTRODUCTION; TROPHIC CASCADE; CONSERVATION; AUSTRALIA; BIODIVERSITY; YELLOWSTONE; EXTINCTION; CARNIVORES C1 [Jachowski, David S.] Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, Clemson, SC 29631 USA. [Jachowski, David S.; Slotow, Rob] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Scottsville, South Africa. [Angermeier, Paul L.] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Millspaugh, Joshua J.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. RP Jachowski, DS (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Conservat, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.; Jachowski, DS (reprint author), Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Life Sci, Scottsville, South Africa. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-28461-6 PY 2016 BP 367 EP 380 PG 14 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3UF UT WOS:000388303700016 ER PT J AU Dunham, JB White, R Allen, CS Marcot, BG Shively, D AF Dunham, Jason B. White, Rollie Allen, Chris S. Marcot, Bruce G. Shively, Dan BE Jachowski, DS Millspaugh, JJ Angermeier, PL Slotow, R TI The Reintroduction Landscape FINDING SUCCESS AT THE INTERSECTION OF ECOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, AND INSTITUTIONAL DIMENSIONS SO REINTRODUCTION OF FISH AND WILDLIFE POPULATIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; HABITAT SELECTION; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; FISH REINTRODUCTIONS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; WILLAMETTE RIVER; UNITED-STATES; PATCH SIZE; BULL TROUT; TRADE-OFFS C1 [Dunham, Jason B.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. [White, Rollie] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Pacific Reg, Portland, OR USA. [Allen, Chris S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Marcot, Bruce G.] US Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Portland, OR USA. [Shively, Dan] US Forest Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Dunham, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA. NR 128 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-28461-6 PY 2016 BP 79 EP 103 PG 25 WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3UF UT WOS:000388303700006 ER PT S AU Closs, GP Angermeier, PL Darwall, WRT Balcombe, SR AF Closs, Gerard P. Angermeier, Paul L. Darwall, William R. T. Balcombe, Stephen R. BE Closs, GP Krkosek, M Olden, JD TI Why are freshwater fish so threatened? SO CONSERVATION OF FRESHWATER FISHES SE Conservation Biology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LIFE-HISTORY; EXTINCTION RISK; FISHERIES MANAGEMENT; FUTURE CHALLENGES; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; POPULATION REGULATION; DIATOM DIDYMOSPHENIA; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; CUTTHROAT TROUT; RECENT PROGRESS C1 [Closs, Gerard P.] Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Angermeier, Paul L.] Virginia Tech, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Darwall, William R. T.] IUCN, Global Species Programme, Gland, Switzerland. [Balcombe, Stephen R.] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, Nathan, Qld, Australia. RP Closs, GP (reprint author), Univ Otago, Dept Zool, Dunedin, New Zealand. RI Balcombe, Stephen/C-5237-2008 NR 137 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1363-3090 BN 978-1-107-61609-7; 978-1-107-04011-3 J9 CONSERV BIOL SER JI Conserv. Biol. Ser. PY 2016 BP 37 EP 75 D2 10.1017/CBO9781139627085 PG 39 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BG4EY UT WOS:000388692800003 ER PT S AU Wipfli, MS Richardson, JS AF Wipfli, Mark S. Richardson, John S. BE Closs, GP Krkosek, M Olden, JD TI Riparian management and the conservation of stream ecosystems and fishes SO CONSERVATION OF FRESHWATER FISHES SE Conservation Biology Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TERRESTRIAL-AQUATIC LINKAGES; COASTAL BRITISH-COLUMBIA; SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ALDER ALNUS-RUBRA; FRESH-WATER FISH; HEADWATER STREAMS; LAND-USE; WOODY DEBRIS; LEAF-LITTER C1 [Wipfli, Mark S.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Richardson, John S.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Wipfli, MS (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. NR 172 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1363-3090 BN 978-1-107-61609-7; 978-1-107-04011-3 J9 CONSERV BIOL SER JI Conserv. Biol. Ser. PY 2016 BP 270 EP 291 D2 10.1017/CBO9781139627085 PG 22 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BG4EY UT WOS:000388692800010 ER PT S AU Patrick, MR Kauahikaua, J Orr, T Davies, A Ramsey, M AF Patrick, M. R. Kauahikaua, J. Orr, T. Davies, A. Ramsey, M. BE Harris, AJL DeGroeve, T Garel, F Carn, SA TI Operational thermal remote sensing and lava flow monitoring at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory SO DETECTING, MODELLING AND RESPONDING TO EFFUSIVE ERUPTIONS SE Geological Society Special Publication LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID KILAUEA VOLCANO; SATELLITE DATA; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; OLDOINYO LENGAI; MAUNA-LOA; ERUPTION; ASTER; MODIS; RESOLUTION; EVENTS AB Hawaiian volcanoes are highly accessible and well monitored by ground instruments. Nevertheless, observational gaps remain and thermal satellite imagery has proven useful in Hawai`i for providing synoptic views of activity during intervals between field visits. Here we describe the beginning of a thermal remote sensing programme at the US Geological Survey Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Whereas expensive receiving stations have been traditionally required to achieve rapid downloading of satellite data, we exploit free, low-latency data sources on the internet for timely access to GOES, MODIS, ASTER and EO-1 ALI imagery. Automated scripts at the observatory download these data and provide a basic display of the images. Satellite data have been extremely useful for monitoring the ongoing lava flow activity on Kilauea's East Rift Zone at Pu`u `O`o over the past few years. A recent lava flow, named Kahauale `a2, was upslope from residential subdivisions for over a year. Satellite data helped track the slow advance of the flow and contributed to hazard assessments. Ongoing improvement to thermal remote sensing at HVO incorporates automated hotspot detection, effusion rate estimation and lava flow forecasting, as has been done in Italy. These improvements should be useful for monitoring future activity on Mauna Loa. C1 [Patrick, M. R.; Kauahikaua, J.; Orr, T.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 51,Hawaii Natl Pk, Volcano, HI 96718 USA. [Davies, A.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Ramsey, M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, 4107 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Patrick, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 51,Hawaii Natl Pk, Volcano, HI 96718 USA. EM mpatrick@usgs.gov NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE PI BATH PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON, ENGLAND SN 0305-8719 BN 978-1-86239-736-1 J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. PY 2016 VL 426 BP 489 EP 503 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology; Remote Sensing SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3YB UT WOS:000388378700026 ER PT S AU Harris, AJL Carn, S Dehn, J Del Negro, C Gudmundsson, MT Cordonnier, B Barnie, T Chahi, E Calvari, S Catry, T De Groeve, T Coppola, D Davies, A Favalli, M Ferrucci, F Fujita, E Ganci, G Garel, F Huet, P Kauahikaua, J Kelfoun, K Lombardo, V Macedonio, G Pacheco, J Patrick, M Pergola, N Ramsey, M Rongo, R Sahy, F Smith, K Tarquini, S Thordarson, T Villeneuve, N Webley, P Wright, R Zaksek, K AF Harris, A. J. L. Carn, S. Dehn, J. Del Negro, C. Gudmundsson, M. T. Cordonnier, B. Barnie, T. Chahi, E. Calvari, S. Catry, T. De Groeve, T. Coppola, D. Davies, A. Favalli, M. Ferrucci, F. Fujita, E. Ganci, G. Garel, F. Huet, P. Kauahikaua, J. Kelfoun, K. Lombardo, V. Macedonio, G. Pacheco, J. Patrick, M. Pergola, N. Ramsey, M. Rongo, R. Sahy, F. Smith, K. Tarquini, S. Thordarson, T. Villeneuve, N. Webley, P. Wright, R. Zaksek, K. BE Harris, AJL DeGroeve, T Garel, F Carn, SA TI Conclusion: recommendations and findings of the RED SEED working group SO DETECTING, MODELLING AND RESPONDING TO EFFUSIVE ERUPTIONS SE Geological Society Special Publication LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID ROBUST SATELLITE TECHNIQUES; LAVA FLOW HAZARD; CELLULAR-AUTOMATA MODEL; MOUNT-ETNA; KILAUEA VOLCANO; ACTIVE VOLCANOS; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; FIELD OBSERVATIONS; TEMPERATURE-FIELD; STROMBOLI VOLCANO C1 [Harris, A. J. L.; Barnie, T.; Kelfoun, K.] Univ Blaise Pascal, Lab Magmas & Volcans, CNRS, IRD,OPGC, 5 Rue Kessler, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France. [Carn, S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Geol & Min Engn & Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Dehn, J.; Webley, P.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, 903 Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Del Negro, C.; Calvari, S.; Ganci, G.] Osservatorio Etneo INGV, Inst Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Catania, Piazza Roma 2, I-95125 Catania, Italy. [Gudmundsson, M. T.; Thordarson, T.] Univ Iceland, Inst Earth Sci, Sturlugata 7, IS-101 Reykjavik, Iceland. [Chahi, E.; Sahy, F.] Game Developers, 5 Rue Martins Pecheurs, F-34000 Montpellier, France. [Catry, T.] SEAS OI, UMR Espace Dev 228, UAG, UM2,IRD,UR, 40 Ave Soweto,CS 70561, St Pierre 97447, Reunion. [De Groeve, T.] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Protect & Secur Citizen, Via E Fermi, I-21027 Ispra, VA, Italy. [Coppola, D.] Univ Turin, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Via Valperga Caluso 35, I-10125 Turin, Italy. [Davies, A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Favalli, M.; Tarquini, S.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanolo, Sez Pisa, Via Faggiola 32, I-56126 Pisa, Italy. [Ferrucci, F.] Open Univ, Deptartment Environm Earth & Ecosyst, Milton Keynes MK7 6AA, Bucks, England. [Ferrucci, F.] Univ Calabria, Deptartment Environm & Chem Engn, Ponte Bucci 44A, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. [Fujita, E.] Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Prevent, Tennodai 3-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan. [Garel, F.] Univ Montpellier, Geosci Montpellier, Pl Eugene Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France. [Huet, P.] La Cite Volcan, Bourg Murat RN3, Le Tampon, Reunion. [Kauahikaua, J.; Patrick, M.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, POB 22,Hawaii Natl Pk, Volcano, HI 96718 USA. [Lombardo, V.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Ctr Nazl Terremoti, Via Vigna Murata 605, I-00143 Rome, Italy. [Macedonio, G.] Osserv Vesuviano, Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Via Diocleziano 328, I-80124 Naples, Italy. [Pacheco, J.] Univ Acores, Ctr Vulcanol & Avaliacao Riscos Geol, Edificio Complexo Cient,3 Piso, P-9501801 Ala Sul, Ponta Delgada, Portugal. [Pergola, N.] CNR, Ist Metodol Anal Abientale, I-85050 Tito, Pz, Italy. [Ramsey, M.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Geol & Planetary Sci, 4107 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Rongo, R.] Univ Calabria, Dept Biol Ecol & Earth Sci, I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende, CS, Italy. British Geol Survey, Lyell Ctr, Res Ave South, Edinburgh EH14 4AP, Midlothian, Scotland. [Smith, K.] Lab GeoSci Reunion, 15 Ave Rene Cassin,BP 7151, St Denis Messagerie 97715 9, Reunion. [Wright, R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, 1680 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Villeneuve, N.; Zaksek, K.] Univ Hamburg, Inst Geophys, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany. RP Harris, AJL (reprint author), Univ Blaise Pascal, Lab Magmas & Volcans, CNRS, IRD,OPGC, 5 Rue Kessler, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France. EM A.Harris@opgc.univ-bpclermont.fr OI Pergola, Nicola/0000-0001-7619-6685; Patrick, Matthew/0000-0002-8042-6639 NR 355 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU GEOLOGICAL SOC PUBLISHING HOUSE PI BATH PA UNIT 7, BRASSMILL ENTERPRISE CTR, BRASSMILL LANE, BATH BA1 3JN, AVON, ENGLAND SN 0305-8719 BN 978-1-86239-736-1 J9 GEOL SOC SPEC PUBL JI Geol. Soc. Spec. Publ. PY 2016 VL 426 BP 567 EP 648 PG 82 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology; Remote Sensing SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG3YB UT WOS:000388378700030 ER PT S AU Wu, ZT Snyder, G Quirk, B Stensaas, G Vadnais, C Babcock, M Dale, E Doucette, P AF Wu, Zhuoting Snyder, Greg Quirk, Bruce Stensaas, Greg Vadnais, Carolyn Babcock, Michael Dale, Erin Doucette, Peter BE Pellechia, MF Palaniappan, K Doucette, PJ Dockstader, SL Seetharaman, G TI Looking at Earth observation impacts with fresh eyes - A Landsat example SO GEOSPATIAL INFORMATICS, FUSION, AND MOTION VIDEO ANALYTICS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Geospatial Informatics, Fusion, and Motion Video Analytics VI CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Requirements; Capabilities and Analysis for Earth Observations (RCA-EO); Landsat; key products and services; user satisfaction; decision support ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; URBAN-GROWTH; COVER DATA; IMAGERY; FOREST; DEFORESTATION; PHENOLOGY; ETM+; AREA AB The U. S. Geological Survey (USGS) initiated the Requirements, Capabilities and Analysis for Earth Observations (RCA-EO) activity in the Land Remote Sensing (LRS) program to provide a structured approach to collect, store, maintain, and analyze user requirements and Earth observing system capabilities information. RCA-EO enables the collection of information on current key Earth observation products, services, and projects, and to evaluate them at different organizational levels within an agency, in terms of how reliant they are on Earth observation data from all sources, including spaceborne, airborne, and ground-based platforms. Within the USGS, RCA-EO has engaged over 500 subject matter experts in this assessment, and evaluated the impacts of more than 1000 different Earth observing data sources on 345 key USGS products and services. This paper summarizes Landsat impacts at various levels of the organizational structure of the USGS and highlights the feedback of the subject matter experts regarding Landsat data and Landsat-derived products. This feedback is expected to inform future Landsat mission decision making. The RCA-EO approach can be applied in a much broader scope to derive comprehensive knowledge of Earth observing system usage and impacts, to inform product and service development and remote sensing technology innovation beyond the USGS. C1 [Wu, Zhuoting] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Snyder, Greg; Quirk, Bruce; Doucette, Peter] US Geol Survey, Land Remote Sensing Program, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Stensaas, Greg] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Vadnais, Carolyn; Babcock, Michael; Dale, Erin] Integr Applicat Inc, Chantilly, VA 20151 USA. RP Wu, ZT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0082-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9841 AR UNSP 984105 DI 10.1117/12.2225126 PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geology; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG4OW UT WOS:000389022100001 ER PT J AU Kuha, J Arvola, L Hanson, PC Huotari, J Huttula, T Juntunen, J Jarvinen, M Kallio, K Ketola, M Kuoppamaki, K Lepisto, A Lohila, A Paavola, R Vuorenmaa, J Winslow, L Karjalainen, J AF Kuha, Jonna Arvola, Lauri Hanson, Paul C. Huotari, Jussi Huttula, Timo Juntunen, Janne Jarvinen, Marko Kallio, Kari Ketola, Mirva Kuoppamaki, Kirsi Lepisto, Ahti Lohila, Annalea Paavola, Riku Vuorenmaa, Jussi Winslow, Luke Karjalainen, Juha TI Response of boreal lakes to episodic weather-induced events SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE automated water quality monitoring; chlorophyll a; episodic events; hypolimnetic oxygen; lakes; production; stability ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; THERMAL-CHARACTERISTICS; SHALLOW LAKES; PHYTOPLANKTON; FINLAND; IMPACT; REGIME; OXYGEN; VARIABILITY; METABOLISM AB Weather-induced episodic mixing events in lake ecosystems are often unpredictable, and their impacts are therefore poorly known. The impacts can be short-lived, including changes in water temperature and stratification, but long-lasting effects on the lake's biology may also occur. In this study we used automated water quality monitoring (AWQM) data from 8 boreal lakes to examine how the episodic weather-induced mixing events influenced thermal structure, hypolimnetic dissolved oxygen (DO), fluorometric chlorophyll estimates (Chl-a), and lake metabolism and how these events varied in frequency and magnitude in lakes with different characteristics. Rise in wind speed alone had an effect on the lakes with the weakest thermal stability, but a decrease in air temperature together with strong wind induced mixing events in all lakes. The return period of these mixing events varied widely (from 20 to 92 d) and was dependent on the magnitude of change in weather. In lakes with strong stability, thermal structure and hypolimnetic DO concentration were only slightly affected. Weather-induced mixing in the upper water column diluted the surface water Chl-a repeatedly, whereas seasonal maximum occurred in late summer on each lake. Although Finnish lakes have been characterized with stable stratification during summer, we observed many substantial mixing events of relatively short return periods relevant to both chemical and biological properties of the lakes. C1 [Kuha, Jonna; Karjalainen, Juha] Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Arvola, Lauri; Huotari, Jussi] Univ Helsinki, Lammi Biol Stn, Lammi, Finland. [Hanson, Paul C.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Huttula, Timo; Juntunen, Janne; Jarvinen, Marko] Finnish Environm Inst, Jyvaskyla, Finland. [Kallio, Kari; Lepisto, Ahti; Vuorenmaa, Jussi] Finnish Environm Inst, Helsinki, Finland. [Ketola, Mirva; Kuoppamaki, Kirsi] Univ Helsinki, Lahti, Finland. [Lohila, Annalea] Finnish Meteorol Inst, Atmospher Composit Res, Helsinki, Finland. [Paavola, Riku] Univ Oulu, Oulanka Res Stn, Kuusamo, Finland. [Winslow, Luke] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA. RP Kuha, J (reprint author), Univ Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland. EM jonna.kuha@jyu.fi RI Lohila, Annalea/C-7307-2014; Karjalainen, Juha/B-4079-2015; OI Lohila, Annalea/0000-0003-3541-672X; Karjalainen, Juha/0000-0001-9302-1174; Kuoppamaki, Kirsi/0000-0002-6703-4024 FU VALUE Doctoral Program; Project Vetcombo - Tekes; Project MMEA - Tekes; EU [603378, ENV.2013.6.2-1] FX We are grateful to everyone who participated in data collection at the monitoring sites. This research was supported by the VALUE Doctoral Program and Projects Vetcombo and MMEA funded by Tekes. The study was also funded by the integrated EU project MARS (Managing Aquatic ecosystems and water Resources under multiple Stress) within Framework Programme 7, Theme ENV.2013.6.2-1: Water resources management under complex, multi-stressor conditions (Contract No. 603378). NR 72 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 523 EP 534 DI 10.5268/IW-6.4.886 PG 12 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED1MD UT WOS:000388608700005 ER PT J AU Brentrup, JA Williamson, CE Colom-Montero, W Eckert, W de Eyto, E Grossart, HP Huot, Y Isles, PDF Knoll, LB Leach, TH McBride, CG Pierson, D Pomati, F Read, JS Rose, KC Samal, NR Staehr, PA Winslow, LA AF Brentrup, Jennifer A. Williamson, Craig E. Colom-Montero, William Eckert, Werner de Eyto, Elvira Grossart, Hans-Peter Huot, Yannick Isles, Peter D. F. Knoll, Lesley B. Leach, Taylor H. McBride, Chris G. Pierson, Don Pomati, Francesco Read, Jordan S. Rose, Kevin C. Samal, Nihar R. Staehr, Peter A. Winslow, Luke A. TI The potential of high-frequency profiling to assess vertical and seasonal patterns of phytoplankton dynamics in lakes: an extension of the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll fluorescence; Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON); high-frequency sensors; PEG model; phytoplankton; profiling buoys; subsurface chlorophyll maximum ID DEEP CHLOROPHYLL MAXIMUM; CLEAR-WATER PHASE; SPATIAL OVERLAP; STRATIFIED LAKE; FRESH-WATERS; ZOOPLANKTON; MECHANISMS; SUCCESSION; CLIMATE; BLOOMS AB The use of high-frequency sensors on profiling buoys to investigate physical, chemical, and biological processes in lakes is increasing rapidly. Profiling buoys with automated winches and sensors that collect high-frequency chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) profiles in 11 lakes in the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) allowed the study of the vertical and temporal distribution of ChlF, including the formation of subsurface chlorophyll maxima (SSCM). The effectiveness of 3 methods for sampling phytoplankton distributions in lakes, including (1) manual profiles, (2) single-depth buoys, and (3) profiling buoys were assessed. High-frequency ChlF surface data and profiles were compared to predictions from the Plankton Ecology Group (PEG) model. The depth-integrated ChlF dynamics measured by the profiling buoy data revealed a greater complexity that neither conventional sampling nor the generalized PEG model captured. Conventional sampling techniques would have missed SSCM in 7 of 11 study lakes. Although surface-only ChlF data underestimated average water column ChlF, at times by nearly 2-fold in 4 of the lakes, overall there was a remarkable similarity between surface and mean water column data. Contrary to the PEG model's proposed negligible role for physical control of phytoplankton during the growing season, thermal structure and light availability were closely associated with ChlF seasonal depth distribution. Thus, an extension of the PEG model is proposed, with a new conceptual framework that explicitly includes physical metrics to better predict SSCM formation in lakes and highlight when profiling buoys are especially informative. C1 [Brentrup, Jennifer A.; Williamson, Craig E.; Leach, Taylor H.] Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Colom-Montero, William] Uppsala Univ, EBC, Dept Ecol & Genet, Erken Lab, Norrtalje, Sweden. [Eckert, Werner] Yigal Allon Kinneret Limnol Lab, Israel Oceanog & Limnol Res, Migdal, Israel. [de Eyto, Elvira] Inst Marine, Newport, Mayo, Ireland. [Grossart, Hans-Peter] Leibniz Inst Freshwater Ecol & Inland Fisheries I, Dept Expt Limnol, Stechlin, Germany. [Grossart, Hans-Peter] Univ Potsdam, Inst Biochem & Biol, Potsdam, Germany. [Huot, Yannick] Univ Sherbrooke, Dept Geomat Appl, Sherbrooke, PQ, Canada. [Isles, Peter D. F.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA. [Knoll, Lesley B.] Univ Minnesota, Itasca Biol Stn, Lake Itasca, MN USA. [McBride, Chris G.] Univ Waikato, Environm Res Inst, Waikato, New Zealand. [Pierson, Don] Uppsala Univ, EBC, Inst Ecol & Genet, Dept Limnol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Pomati, Francesco] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Dept Aquat Ecol, Dubendorf, Switzerland. [Read, Jordan S.; Winslow, Luke A.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA. [Rose, Kevin C.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Biol Sci, Troy, NY USA. [Samal, Nihar R.] Univ New Hampshire, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Staehr, Peter A.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Roskilde, Denmark. RP Brentrup, JA (reprint author), Miami Univ, Dept Biol, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. EM brentrja@miamioh.edu FU core Marine Institute funding; Bay of Plenty Regional Council; GLEON; Miami University; NSF DEB IGERT grant [0903560]; US Geological Survey Center for Integrated Data Analytics; NSF DEB grant [0822700]; NTL-LTER program; Danish Council for Independent Research Natural Sciences [10-085238] FX We thank Erin Overholt and Aaron Hebbeler for assistance in the lab and field. Special thanks go to Levyn Burki and Colin Smith for database curation and to John Swain for figure layout assistance. For the Lacawac profiling buoy, we acknowledge the assistance of Bruce Hargreaves and Fondriest Environmental, Inc., who were instrumental in aiding with the design and construction. We also thank Lacawac Sanctuary Field Station for access to Lake Lacawac and their research facilities. The Lough Furnace profiling buoy is maintained through core Marine Institute funding and with the assistance of the field staff at the Burrishole research station. The Lake Rotoehu buoy is maintained with support from the Bay of Plenty Regional Council. We thank the New York City Department of Environmental Protection for sharing data from Ashokan Reservoir and the staff of the Upstate Freshwater Institute for assistance in collecting the data and maintaining the buoy monitoring program. This work was supported in part by GLEON student travel funding to JAB that allowed helpful discussions at the GLEON 16 meeting, as well as funding from Miami University and NSF DEB IGERT grant #0903560 to CEW. JSR was supported by the US Geological Survey Center for Integrated Data Analytics, and the Crystal Lake buoy was funded by NSF DEB grant #0822700 (North Temperate Lakes Long-Term Ecological Research, NTL-LTER). KCR received support from the NTL-LTER program. PAS was supported by the Danish Council for Independent Research Natural Sciences grant #10-085238. This manuscript benefited from helpful comments provided by David Hamilton and Christopher Dada. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 65 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 12 U2 12 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 565 EP 580 DI 10.5268/IW-6.4.890 PG 16 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED1MD UT WOS:000388608700009 ER PT J AU Dugan, HA Woolway, RI Santoso, AB Corman, JR Jaimes, A Nodine, ER Patil, VP Zwart, JA Brentrup, JA Hetherington, AL Oliver, SK Read, JS Winters, KM Hanson, PC Read, EK Winslow, LA Weathers, KC AF Dugan, Hilary A. Woolway, R. Iestyn Santoso, Arianto B. Corman, Jessica R. Jaimes, Aline Nodine, Emily R. Patil, Vijay P. Zwart, Jacob A. Brentrup, Jennifer A. Hetherington, Amy L. Oliver, Samantha K. Read, Jordan S. Winters, Kirsten M. Hanson, Paul C. Read, Emily K. Winslow, Luke A. Weathers, Kathleen C. TI Consequences of gas flux model choice on the interpretation of metabolic balance across 15 lakes SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE gas exchange; GLEON; lakes; lake models; metabolism; sensor network ID NEAR-SURFACE TURBULENCE; TRANSFER VELOCITY; TEMPERATE LAKES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; INLAND WATERS; FRESH-WATER; WIND-SPEED; EXCHANGE; EMISSION; STATE AB Ecosystem metabolism and the contribution of carbon dioxide from lakes to the atmosphere can be estimated from free-water gas measurements through the use of mass balance models, which rely on a gas transfer coefficient (k) to model gas exchange with the atmosphere. Theoretical and empirically based models of k range in complexity from wind-driven power functions to complex surface renewal models; however, model choice is rarely considered in most studies of lake metabolism. This study used high-frequency data from 15 lakes provided by the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) to study how model choice of k influenced estimates of lake metabolism and gas exchange with the atmosphere. We tested 6 models of k on lakes chosen to span broad gradients in surface area and trophic states; a metabolism model was then fit to all 6 outputs of k data. We found that hourly values for k were substantially different between models and, at an annual scale, resulted in significantly different estimates of lake metabolism and gas exchange with the atmosphere. C1 [Dugan, Hilary A.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Dugan, Hilary A.; Corman, Jessica R.; Oliver, Samantha K.; Hanson, Paul C.; Winslow, Luke A.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dugan, Hilary A.; Read, Emily K.; Weathers, Kathleen C.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Woolway, R. Iestyn] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lancaster, England. [Woolway, R. Iestyn] Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England. [Santoso, Arianto B.] Univ Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand. [Santoso, Arianto B.] Limnol Res Ctr, Bogor, Indonesia. [Corman, Jessica R.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ USA. [Jaimes, Aline] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Jaimes, Aline] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE USA. [Nodine, Emily R.] Florida Int Univ, Miami, FL 33199 USA. [Nodine, Emily R.] Rollins Coll, Winter Pk, FL 32789 USA. [Patil, Vijay P.] Univ Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Patil, Vijay P.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Zwart, Jacob A.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Brentrup, Jennifer A.] Miami Univ, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Hetherington, Amy L.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [Hetherington, Amy L.] Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Read, Jordan S.; Read, Emily K.; Winslow, Luke A.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA. [Winters, Kirsten M.] Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Dugan, HA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.; Dugan, HA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Dugan, HA (reprint author), Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. EM hilarydugan@gmail.com FU US National Science Foundation Macrosystem Biology [1137353, 1137327] FX This analysis is a product of the Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) Fellowship Program, as conceived by KCW, PCH, and EKR (http://fellowship.gleon.org). Open-source code for gas flux calculations can be accessed in the R package LakeMetabolizer. We do not make a distinction among the contributions of the first 8 authors in conceiving, designing, and carrying out the analysis and synthesis for this paper. All authors contributed to writing and editing of the manuscript. We thank Dr. Jonathon Cole for helpful feedback that improved this paper. Funding for this research was provided by US National Science Foundation Macrosystem Biology grant #1137353, and #1137327. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We acknowledge data providers of the Solomon et al. (2013) dataset associated with GLEON (www.gleon.org). Data providers: Mike Vanni, Miami University (Acton Lake); Hilary Swain, Archbold Biological Station (Lake Annie); Peter Staehr, Aarhus University (Castle, St. Gribso, Hampenso, Vedstedso); North Temperate Lakes (NTL) Long Term Ecological Research (LTER) site and the NTL Microbial Observatory (Crystal Bog, Mendota, North Sparkling Bog, Sparkling, Trout, and Trout Bog); David Hamilton, University of Waikato, New Zealand (Rotorua); Charles Chiu, Academia Sinica, Taiwan (Yuan Yang). NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 581 EP 592 DI 10.5268/IW-6.4.836 PG 12 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED1MD UT WOS:000388608700010 ER PT J AU Winslow, LA Zwart, JA Batt, RD Dugan, HA Woolway, RI Corman, JR Hanson, PC Read, JS AF Winslow, Luke A. Zwart, Jacob A. Batt, Ryan D. Dugan, Hilary A. Woolway, R. Iestyn Corman, Jessica R. Hanson, Paul C. Read, Jordan S. TI LakeMetabolizer: an R package for estimating lake metabolism from free-water oxygen using diverse statistical models SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE gas exchange; GLEON; lake metabolism models; open source; R package; sensors ID AQUATIC ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; CARBON-DIOXIDE; SEAWATER; TERRESTRIAL; RESPIRATION; SOLUBILITY; COMPONENTS; DYNAMICS; EXCHANGE; SCIENCE AB Metabolism is a fundamental process in ecosystems that crosses multiple scales of organization from individual organisms to whole ecosystems. To improve sharing and reuse of published metabolism models, we developed LakeMetabolizer, an R package for estimating lake metabolism from in situ time series of dissolved oxygen, water temperature, and, optionally, additional environmental variables. LakeMetabolizer implements 5 different metabolism models with diverse statistical underpinnings: bookkeeping, ordinary least squares, maximum likelihood, Kalman filter, and Bayesian. Each of these 5 metabolism models can be combined with 1 of 7 models for computing the coefficient of gas exchange across the air-water interface (k). LakeMetabolizer also features a variety of supporting functions that compute conversions and implement calculations commonly applied to raw data prior to estimating metabolism (e.g., oxygen saturation and optical conversion models). These tools have been organized into an R package that contains example data, example use-cases, and function documentation. The release package version is available on the Comprehensive R Archive Network (CRAN), and the full open-source GPL-licensed code is freely available for examination and extension online. With this unified, open-source, and freely available package, we hope to improve access and facilitate the application of metabolism in studies and management of lentic ecosystems. C1 [Winslow, Luke A.; Read, Jordan S.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA. [Winslow, Luke A.; Batt, Ryan D.; Dugan, Hilary A.; Hanson, Paul C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Zwart, Jacob A.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Batt, Ryan D.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Woolway, R. Iestyn] Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Lake Ecosyst Grp, Lancaster, England. [Woolway, R. Iestyn] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Reading, Berks, England. RP Zwart, JA (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM jzwart@nd.edu OI Batt, Ryan/0000-0002-7267-5395 FU Global Lakes Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) Fellowship Program (National Science Foundation) [DEB-1137353, DEB-1137327]; GLEON fellowship program; National Science Foundation [DEB-0941510, DGE-1313583, DEB-0917858, DEB-1144683]; Rutgers Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences from the Cooperative Institute of the North Atlantic Region [A101058] FX For bringing together the original group and being the impetus for the initial model writing, we thank the Global Lakes Ecological Observatory Network (GLEON) Fellowship Program (National Science Foundation DEB-1137353 and DEB-1137327). Through the GLEON fellowship program, Emily Read and Kathleen Weathers helped in supporting the group's goals and ideas. The North Temperate Lakes Long Term Ecological Research program provided open, freely available data for our examples here. We thank Gordon Holtgrieve for his review of the manuscript, assistance with the Bayesian metabolism model, and solving for continuous gas exchange. We also thank Edward Stets and an anonymous reviewer for their feedback on the manuscript and code. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. Each collaborator's contributions were supported by various sources, including National Science Foundation grants DEB-0941510, DGE-1313583, DEB-0917858, DEB-1144683, Rutgers Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences, grant #A101058 from the Cooperative Institute of the North Atlantic Region. NR 54 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 4 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 622 EP 636 DI 10.5268/IW-6.4.883 PG 15 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED1MD UT WOS:000388608700013 ER PT J AU Read, JS Gries, C Read, EK Klug, J Hanson, P Hipsey, MR Jennings, E O'Reilly, CM Winslow, LA Pierson, D McBride, C Hamilton, D AF Read, Jordan S. Gries, Corinna Read, Emily K. Klug, Jennifer Hanson, Paul Hipsey, Matthew R. Jennings, Eleanor O'Reilly, Catherine M. Winslow, Luke A. Pierson, Don McBride, Christopher Hamilton, David TI Generating community-built tools for data sharing and analysis in environmental networks SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE community tools; GLEON; open science; open source ID LAKE BUOY DATA; ECOLOGY; TEAMS AB Rapid data growth in many environmental sectors has necessitated tools to manage and analyze these data. The development of tools often lags behind the proliferation of data, however, which may slow exploratory opportunities and scientific progress. The Global Lake Ecological Observatory Network ( GLEON) collaborative model supports an efficient and comprehensive data-analysis-insight life cycle, including implementations of data quality control checks, statistical calculations/derivations, models, and data visualizations. These tools are community-built and openly shared. We discuss the network structure that enables tool development and a culture of sharing, leading to optimized output from limited resources. Specifically, data sharing and a flat collaborative structure encourage the development of tools that enable scientific insights from these data. Here we provide a cross-section of scientific advances derived from global-scale analyses in GLEON. We document enhancements to science capabilities made possible by the development of analytical tools and highlight opportunities to expand this framework to benefit other environmental networks. C1 [Read, Jordan S.; Read, Emily K.; Winslow, Luke A.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Gries, Corinna; Hanson, Paul] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Klug, Jennifer] Fairfield Univ, Dept Biol, Fairfield, CT 06430 USA. [Hipsey, Matthew R.] Univ Western Australia, Aquat Ecodynam, Crawley, WA, Australia. [Jennings, Eleanor] Dundalk Inst Technol, Ctr Freshwater Studies, Dundalk, Ireland. [Jennings, Eleanor] Dundalk Inst Technol, Dept Appl Sci, Dundalk, Ireland. [O'Reilly, Catherine M.] Illinois State Univ, Dept Geog Geol, Normal, IL 61761 USA. [Pierson, Don] Uppsala Univ, Erken Lab, Uppsala, Sweden. [Pierson, Don] Uppsala Univ, Dept Limnol Dept, Uppsala, Sweden. [McBride, Christopher; Hamilton, David] Univ Waikato, Environm Res Inst, Hamilton, New Zealand. RP Read, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM jread@usgs.gov FU NSF [DEB-0941510]; US Geological Survey Center for Integrated Analytics FX We thank NSF grant DEB-0941510 (GLEON) and US Geological Survey Center for Integrated Analytics for support. Many GLEON members have directly and indirectly contributed to these ideas during many thoughtful meetings and working group sessions. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. We also thank Kevin Rose and David Hamilton for leading this special issue, and 2 anonymous reviewers who provided excellent suggestions for revising the previous version of this manuscript. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 5 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 4 BP 637 EP 644 DI 10.5268/IW-6.4.889 PG 8 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA ED1MD UT WOS:000388608700014 ER PT J AU Thatcher, C Lim, S Palaseanu-Lovejoy, M Danielson, J Kimbrow, D AF Thatcher, Cindy Lim, Samsung Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica Danielson, Jeffrey Kimbrow, Dustin TI Lidar-based mapping of flood control levees in South Louisiana SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID ELEVATION DATA; UNCERTAINTY; SUBSIDENCE; AIRBORNE; RISE AB Flood protection in south Louisiana is largely dependent on earthen levees, and in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina the state's levee system has received intense scrutiny. Accurate elevation data along the levees are critical to local levee district managers responsible for monitoring and maintaining the extensive system of non-federal levees in coastal Louisiana. In 2012, high resolution airborne lidar data were acquired over levees in Lafourche Parish, Louisiana, and a mobile terrestrial lidar survey was conducted for selected levee segments using a terrestrial lidar scanner mounted on a truck. The mobile terrestrial lidar data were collected to test the feasibility of using this relatively new technology to map flood control levees and to compare the accuracy of the terrestrial and airborne lidar. Metrics assessing levee geometry derived from the two lidar surveys are also presented as an efficient, comprehensive method to quantify levee height and stability. The vertical root mean square error values of the terrestrial lidar and airborne lidar digital-derived digital terrain models were 0.038 m and 0.055 m, respectively. The comparison of levee metrics derived from the airborne and terrestrial lidar-based digital terrain models showed that both types of lidar yielded similar results, indicating that either or both surveying techniques could be used to monitor geomorphic change over time. Because airborne lidar is costly, many parts of the USA and other countries have never been mapped with airborne lidar, and repeat surveys are often not available for change detection studies. Terrestrial lidar provides a practical option for conducting repeat surveys of levees and other terrain features that cover a relatively small area, such as eroding cliffs or stream banks, and dunes. C1 [Thatcher, Cindy; Palaseanu-Lovejoy, Monica] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Lim, Samsung] Univ New South Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Danielson, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Kimbrow, Dustin] US Geol Survey, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Sci Ctr, Montgomery, AL USA. RP Thatcher, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM thatcherc@usgs.gov OI Thatcher, Cindy/0000-0003-0331-071X; Lim, Samsung/0000-0001-9838-8960 NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 24 BP 5708 EP 5725 DI 10.1080/01431161.2016.1249304 PG 18 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA ED1IS UT WOS:000388599500002 ER PT J AU Roig-Silva, CM Slonecker, ET Milheim, LE Ballew, JR Winters, SG AF Roig-Silva, Coral M. Slonecker, E. Terrence Milheim, Lesley E. Ballew, Jesse R. Winters, S. Gail TI Forest cover changes due to hydrocarbon extraction disturbance in central Pennsylvania (2004-2010) SO JOURNAL OF MAPS LA English DT Article DE Pennsylvania; land cover change; forests; Marcellus shale ID SHALE-GAS; CHALLENGES; WATERS AB The state of Pennsylvania has a long history of oil and gas extraction. In recent years with advances in technology such as hydraulic fracturing, hydrocarbon sources that were not profitable in the past are now being exploited. Here, we present an assessment of the cumulative impact of oil and gas extraction activities on the forests of 35 counties in Pennsylvania and their intersecting sub-watersheds between 2004 and 2010. The assessment categorizes counties and sub-watersheds based on the estimated amount of change to forest cover in the area. From the data collected we recognize that although forest cover has not been greatly impacted (with an average loss of percent forest coverage of 0.16% at the county level), landscape structure is affected. Increase in edge forest and decrease in interior forest is evident in many of the counties and sub-watersheds examined. These changes can have a detrimental effect on forest biodiversity and dynamics. C1 [Roig-Silva, Coral M.; Slonecker, E. Terrence; Milheim, Lesley E.; Ballew, Jesse R.; Winters, S. Gail] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 521, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Roig-Silva, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 521, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM croig@usgs.gov FU USGS Climate and Land Use Change Climate Research and Development Program FX Funding for research was provided by the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Climate Research and Development Program. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1744-5647 J9 J MAPS JI J. Maps PY 2016 VL 12 SU 1 BP 131 EP 138 DI 10.1080/17445647.2016.1170642 PG 8 WC Geography; Geography, Physical SC Geography; Physical Geography GA ED4KP UT WOS:000388817100018 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. BE Thenkabail, PS TI Preface: Remote Sensing Advances of the Last 50 Years and a Vision for the Future SO LAND RESOURCES MONITORING, MODELING, AND MAPPING WITH REMOTE SENSING SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1798-8; 978-1-4822-1795-7 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 2 BP XVII EP XXI PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG0JP UT WOS:000386278600002 ER PT B AU Teluguntla, P Thenkabail, PS Xiong, J Gumma, MK Giri, C Milesi, C Ozdogan, M Congalton, RG Tilton, J Sankey, TT Massey, R Phalke, A Yadav, K AF Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi Thenkabail, Prasad S. Xiong, Jun Gumma, Murali Krishna Giri, Chandra Milesi, Cristina Ozdogan, Mutlu Congalton, Russell G. Tilton, James Sankey, Temuulen Tsagaan Massey, Richard Phalke, Aparna Yadav, Kamini BE Thenkabail, PS TI Global Food Security Support Analysis Data at Nominal 1 km (GFSAD1km) Derived from Remote Sensing in Support of Food Security in the Twenty-First Century: Current Achievements and Future Possibilities SO LAND RESOURCES MONITORING, MODELING, AND MAPPING WITH REMOTE SENSING SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CLASSIFICATION ALGORITHM ACCA; CENTRAL GREAT-PLAINS; USE/LAND-COVER LULC; LAND-USE CHANGE; TIME-SERIES; IRRIGATED AREAS; MODIS DATA; WATER-USE; CROPLANDS; US C1 [Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi; Thenkabail, Prasad S.; Xiong, Jun] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA 95476 USA. [Xiong, Jun; Sankey, Temuulen Tsagaan; Massey, Richard] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Gumma, Murali Krishna] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Remote Sensing & GIS Div, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Giri, Chandra] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Milesi, Cristina] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Ozdogan, Mutlu; Phalke, Aparna] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, Madison, WI USA. [Ozdogan, Mutlu; Phalke, Aparna] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Madison, WI USA. [Congalton, Russell G.; Yadav, Kamini] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Geog, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Tilton, James] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Teluguntla, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.; Teluguntla, P (reprint author), Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA 95476 USA. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1798-8; 978-1-4822-1795-7 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 2 BP 131 EP 159 PG 29 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG0JP UT WOS:000386278600008 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS Teluguntla, P Gumma, MK Dheeravath, V AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi Gumma, Murali Krishna Dheeravath, Venkateswarlu BE Thenkabail, PS TI Hyperspectral Remote Sensing for Terrestrial Applications SO LAND RESOURCES MONITORING, MODELING, AND MAPPING WITH REMOTE SENSING SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID VEGETATION INDEXES; EO-1 HYPERION; RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION; MULTISPECTRAL DATA; HYSPIRI MISSION; RANDOM FOREST; LANDSAT MSS; SENSORS; MODIS; DISCRIMINATION C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.; Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Teluguntla, Pardhasaradhi] Bay Area Environm Res Inst, Sonoma, CA USA. [Gumma, Murali Krishna] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Remote Sensing & GIS Div, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Dheeravath, Venkateswarlu] United Nations World Food Program, Erbil, Iraq. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 65 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1798-8; 978-1-4822-1795-7 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 2 BP 201 EP 233 PG 33 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG0JP UT WOS:000386278600011 ER PT B AU Reeves, MC Washington-Allen, RA Angerer, J Hunt, ER Kulawardhana, RW Kumar, L Loboda, T Loveland, T Metternicht, G Ramsey, RD AF Reeves, Matthew C. Washington-Allen, Robert A. Angerer, Jay Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Kulawardhana, Ranjani Wasantha Kumar, Lalit Loboda, Tatiana Loveland, Thomas Metternicht, Graciela Ramsey, R. Douglas BE Thenkabail, PS TI Global View of Remote Sensing of Rangelands: Evolution, Applications, Future Pathways SO LAND RESOURCES MONITORING, MODELING, AND MAPPING WITH REMOTE SENSING SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FUEL MOISTURE-CONTENT; NDVI TIME-SERIES; LAND-COVER CLASSIFICATIONS; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; TERM VEGETATION TRENDS; LEAF WATER-CONTENT; BURN SEVERITY; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; UNITED-STATES; ARID LANDS C1 [Reeves, Matthew C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Washington-Allen, Robert A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Geog, Environm Tomog Lab, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Angerer, Jay] Texas A&M Univ, Blackland Res & Extens Ctr, Texas A&M AgriLife Res, Temple, TX USA. [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Kulawardhana, Ranjani Wasantha] Texas A&M Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, College Stn, TX USA. [Kumar, Lalit] Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia. [Loboda, Tatiana] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Loveland, Thomas] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Metternicht, Graciela] Univ New South Wales, Inst Environm Studies, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Ramsey, R. Douglas] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Reeves, MC (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. NR 217 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1798-8; 978-1-4822-1795-7 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 2 BP 237 EP 275 PG 39 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG0JP UT WOS:000386278600012 ER PT B AU Kumar, L Sinha, P Brown, JF Ramsey, RD Rigge, M Stam, CA Hernandez, AJ Hunt, ER Reeves, MC AF Kumar, Lalit Sinha, Priyakant Brown, Jesslyn F. Ramsey, R. Douglas Rigge, Matthew Stam, Carson A. Hernandez, Alexander J. Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr. Reeves, Matthew C. BE Thenkabail, PS TI Characterization, Mapping, and Monitoring of Rangelands: Methods and Approaches SO LAND RESOURCES MONITORING, MODELING, AND MAPPING WITH REMOTE SENSING SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID LAND-COVER CHANGES; DIFFERENCE VEGETATION INDEX; LEAF-AREA INDEX; INTERANNUAL CLIMATE VARIABILITY; LANDSCAPE SPATIAL-PATTERN; REMOTELY-SENSED IMAGERY; NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; TIME-SERIES; RANDOM FORESTS C1 [Kumar, Lalit; Sinha, Priyakant] Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia. [Brown, Jesslyn F.; Rigge, Matthew] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Ramsey, R. Douglas; Stam, Carson A.; Hernandez, Alexander J.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Rigge, Matthew] InuTec, Logan, UT USA. [Hunt, E. Raymond, Jr.] ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. [Reeves, Matthew C.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, USDA, Missoula, MT USA. RP Kumar, L (reprint author), Univ New England, Sch Environm & Rural Sci, Armidale, NSW, Australia. NR 254 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1798-8; 978-1-4822-1795-7 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 2 BP 309 EP 350 PG 42 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG0JP UT WOS:000386278600014 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. BE Thenkabail, PS TI Remote Sensing of Land Resources: Monitoring, Modeling, and Mapping Advances over the Last 50 Years and a Vision for the Future SO LAND RESOURCES MONITORING, MODELING, AND MAPPING WITH REMOTE SENSING SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ALOS PALSAR DATA; TROPICAL FORESTS; HYPERSPECTRAL NARROWBANDS; ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; VEGETATION INDEXES; CARBON STORAGE; CHLOROPHYLL; SYSTEMS; MISSION C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1798-8; 978-1-4822-1795-7 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 2 BP 791 EP 831 PG 41 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BG0JP UT WOS:000386278600028 ER PT B AU Jokiel, PL Jury, CP Kuffner, IB AF Jokiel, Paul L. Jury, Christopher P. Kuffner, Ilsa B. BE Hubbard, DK Rogers, CS Lipps, JH Stanley, GD TI Coral Calcification and Ocean Acidification SO CORAL REEFS AT THE CROSSROADS SE Coral Reefs of the World LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Calcification; Corals; Ocean acidification; Seawater CO2-carbonate system; Aragonite saturation state; Boundary layers; Phase lag ID CARBONATE-ION CONCENTRATION; REEF-BUILDING CORALS; CO2 PARTIAL-PRESSURE; SCLERACTINIAN CORAL; STYLOPHORA-PISTILLATA; GALAXEA-FASCICULARIS; INORGANIC CARBON; POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; SEAWATER ACIDIFICATION; HERMATYPIC CORALS AB Over 60 years ago, the discovery that light increased calcification in the coral plant-animal symbiosis triggered interest in explaining the phenomenon and understanding the mechanisms involved. Major findings along the way include the observation that carbon fixed by photosynthesis in the zooxanthellae is translocated to animal cells throughout the colony and that corals can therefore live as autotrophs in many situations. Recent research has focused on explaining the observed reduction in calcification rate with increasing ocean acidification (OA). Experiments have shown a direct correlation between declining ocean pH, declining aragonite saturation state (Omega(arag)), declining [CO32-] and coral calcification. Nearly all previous reports on OA identify Omega(arag) or its surrogate [CO32-] as the factor driving coral calcification. However, the alternate "Proton Flux Hypothesis" stated that coral calcification is controlled by diffusion limitation of net H+ transport through the boundary layer in relation to availability of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). The "Two Compartment Proton Flux Model" expanded this explanation and synthesized diverse observations into a universal model that explains many paradoxes of coral metabolism, morphology and plasticity of growth form in addition to observed coral skeletal growth response to OA. It is now clear that irradiance is the main driver of net photosynthesis (P-net), which in turn drives net calcification (G(net)), and alters pH in the bulk water surrounding the coral. P-net controls [CO32-] and thus Omega(arag) of the bulk water over the diel cycle. Changes in Omega(arag) and pH lag behind G(net) throughout the daily cycle by two or more hours. The flux rate P-net, rather than concentration-based parameters (e.g., Omega(arag), [CO32-], pH and [DIC]:[H+] ratio) is the primary driver of G(net). Daytime coral metabolism rapidly removes DIC from the bulk seawater. Photosynthesis increases the bulk seawater pH while providing the energy that drives calcification and increases in G(net). These relationships result in a correlation between G(net) and O-arag, with both parameters being variables dependent on P-net. Consequently the correlation between G(net) and Oarag varies widely between different locations and times depending on the relative metabolic contributions of various calcifying and photosynthesizing organisms and local rates of carbonate dissolution. High rates of H+ efflux continue for several hours following the mid-day G(net) peak suggesting that corals have difficulty in shedding waste protons as described by the Proton Flux Model. DIC flux (uptake) tracks P-net and G(net) and drops off rapidly after the photosynthesis-calcification maxima, indicating that corals can cope more effectively with the problem of limited DIC supply compared to the problem of eliminating H+. Predictive models of future global changes in coral and coral reef growth based on oceanic Omega(arag) must include the influence of future changes in localized P-net on G(net) as well as changes in rates of reef carbonate dissolution. The correlation between Omega(arag) and Gnet over the diel cycle is simply the result of increasing pH due to photosynthesis that shifts the CO2-carbonate system equilibria to increase [CO32-] relative to the other DIC components of [HCO3-] and [CO2]. Therefore Omega(arag) closely tracks pH as an effect of Pnet, which also drives changes in G(net). Measurements of DIC flux and H+ flux are far more useful than concentrations in describing coral metabolism dynamics. Coral reefs are systems that exist in constant disequilibrium with the water column. C1 [Jokiel, Paul L.; Jury, Christopher P.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. [Kuffner, Ilsa B.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 600 4th St South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Jokiel, PL (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Kaneohe, HI 96744 USA. EM jokiel@hawaii.edu NR 199 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 18 U2 18 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-94-017-7567-0; 978-94-017-7565-6 J9 CORAL REEFS WORLD PY 2016 VL 6 BP 7 EP 45 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0_2 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0 PG 39 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3NC UT WOS:000388077200003 ER PT B AU Rogers, CS Miller, J AF Rogers, Caroline S. Miller, Jeff BE Hubbard, DK Rogers, CS Lipps, JH Stanley, GD TI Measuring, Interpreting, and Responding to Changes in Coral Reefs: A Challenge for Biologists, Geologists, and Managers SO CORAL REEFS AT THE CROSSROADS SE Coral Reefs of the World LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Monitoring; Random sampling; Marine protected areas; Biodiversity; Connectivity ID US-VIRGIN-ISLANDS; WHITE-BAND-DISEASE; MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; ACROPORA-PALMATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; MASS MORTALITY; ELKHORN CORAL; PHASE-SHIFTS AB What, exactly, is a coral reef? And how have the world's reefs changed in the last several decades? What are the stressors undermining reef structure and function? Given the predicted effects of climate change, do reefs have a future? Is it possible to "manage" coral reefs for resilience? What can coral reef scientists contribute to improve protection and management of coral reefs? What insights can biologists and geologists provide regarding the persistence of coral reefs on a human timescale? What is reef change to a biologist . . . to a geologist? Clearly, there are many challenging questions. In this chapter, we present some of our thoughts on monitoring and management of coral reefs in US national parks in the Caribbean and western Atlantic based on our experience as members of monitoring teams. We reflect on the need to characterize and evaluate reefs, on how to conduct high-quality monitoring programs, and on what we can learn from biological and geological experiments and investigations. We explore the possibility that specific steps can be taken to "manage" coral reefs for greater resilience. C1 [Rogers, Caroline S.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St John, VI 00830 USA. [Miller, Jeff] Natl Pk Serv, South Florida Caribbean Inventory & Monitoring Ne, 1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St John, VI 00830 USA. RP Rogers, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 1300 Cruz Bay Creek, St John, VI 00830 USA. EM caroline_rogers@usgs.gov NR 110 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-94-017-7567-0; 978-94-017-7565-6 J9 CORAL REEFS WORLD PY 2016 VL 6 BP 277 EP 292 DI 10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0_12 D2 10.1007/978-94-017-7567-0 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology GA BG3NC UT WOS:000388077200013 ER PT J AU Newmark, WD Stanley, TR AF Newmark, William D. Stanley, Thomas R. TI The influence of food abundance, food dispersion and habitat structure on territory selection and size of an Afrotropical terrestrial insectivore SO OSTRICH LA English DT Article DE endangered species; food value hypothesis; habitat structure hypothesis; leaf-litter macro-invertebrates; resource dispersion hypothesis; structural cues hypothesis ID UNDERSTORY BIRD COMMUNITY; EXTENDED PARENTAL CARE; TROPICAL FOREST; RESOURCE DISPERSION; FOLIAGE STRUCTURE; TANZANIA; PREDATION; SURVIVAL; ECOLOGY; FRAGMENTATION AB Most tropical insectivorous birds, unlike their temperate counterparts, hold and defend a feeding and breeding territory year-around. However, our understanding of ecological factors influencing territory selection and size in tropical insectivores is limited. Here we examine three prominent hypotheses relating food abundance, food dispersion (spatial arrangement of food items), and habitat structure to territoriality in the Usambara Thrush Turdus roehli. We first compared leaf-litter macro-invertebrate abundance and dispersion, and habitat structure between territories and random sites. We then examined the relation between these same ecological factors and territory size. Invertebrate abundance and dispersion were sparsely and evenly distributed across our study system and did not vary between territories and random sites. In contrast, habitat structure did vary between territories and random sites indicating the Usambara Thrush selects territories with open understorey and closed overstorey habitat. Invertebrate abundance and dispersion within territories of the Usambara Thrush were not associated with habitat structure. We believe the most likely explanation for the Usambara Thrush's preference for open understorey and closed overstorey habitat relates to foraging behavior. Using information-theoretic model selection we found that invertebrate abundance was the highest-ranked predictor of territory size and was inversely related, consistent with food value theory of territoriality. C1 [Newmark, William D.] Univ Utah, Nat Hist Museum Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Stanley, Thomas R.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Newmark, WD (reprint author), Univ Utah, Nat Hist Museum Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. EM bnewmark@umnh.utah.edu FU Critical Ecosystem Protection Fund; Earthwatch Institute FX We thank V Mkongewa, A Mkongewa, D Munissi and M Kauffman for their assistance in the field, and J Aben and W Arendt for their comments. Funding for fieldwork was supported by grants from the Critical Ecosystem Protection Fund and Earthwatch Institute, and for data analysis by the US Geological Survey, Fort Collins Science Center. Permission for this study was granted by the Tanzania Commission for Science and Technology, Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute and Amani Nature Reserve Authority. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU NATL INQUIRY SERVICES CENTRE PTY LTD PI GRAHAMSTOWN PA 19 WORCESTER STREET, PO BOX 377, GRAHAMSTOWN 6140, SOUTH AFRICA SN 0030-6525 EI 1727-947X J9 OSTRICH JI Ostrich PY 2016 VL 87 IS 3 BP 199 EP 207 DI 10.2989/00306525.2016.1216903 PG 9 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA EC0II UT WOS:000387783000001 ER PT J AU Prichard, CG Roseman, EF Keeler, KM O'Brien, TP Riley, SC AF Prichard, Carson G. Roseman, Edward F. Keeler, Kevin M. O'Brien, Timothy P. Riley, Stephen C. TI Large-Scale Changes in Bloater Growth and Condition in Lake Huron SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE POPULATIONS; COREGONUS-HOYI GILL; DEEP-WATER CISCOES; LONG-TERM TRENDS; FISH COMMUNITY; MAIN BASIN; VERTICAL MIGRATION; RAINBOW SMELT; MICHIGAN AB Native Bloaters Coregonus hoyi have exhibited multiple strong year-classes since 2005 and now are the most abundant benthopelagic offshore prey fish in Lake Huron, following the crash of nonnative Alewives Alosa pseudoharengus and substantial declines in nonnative Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax. Despite recent recoveries in Bloater abundance, marketable-size (>229 mm) Bloaters remain scarce. We used annual survey data to assess temporal and spatial dynamics of Bloater body condition and lengths at age in the main basin of Lake Huron from 1973 to 2014. Basinwide lengths at age were modeled by cohort for the 1973-2003 year-classes using a von Bertalanffy growth model with time-varying Brody growth coefficient (k) and asymptotic length (L-infinity) parameters. Median Bloater weights at selected lengths were estimated to assess changes in condition by modeling weight-length relations with an allometric growth model that allowed growth parameters to vary spatially and temporally. Estimated Bloater lengths at age declined 14-24% among ages 4-8 for all year-classes between 1973 and 2004. Estimates of L-infinity declined from a peak of 394 mm (1973 year-class) to a minimum of 238 mm (1998 year-class). Observed mean lengths at age in 2014 were at all-time lows, suggesting that year-classes comprising the current Bloater population would have to follow growth trajectories unlike those characterizing the 1973-2003 year-classes to attain marketable size. Furthermore, estimated weights of 250-mm Bloaters (i.e., a large, commercially valuable size-class) declined 17% among all regions from 1976 to 2007. Decreases in body condition of large Bloaters are associated with lower lipid content and may be linked to marked declines in abundance of the amphipods Diporeia spp. in Lake Huron. We hypothesize that since at least 1976, large Bloaters have become more negatively buoyant and may have incurred an increasingly greater metabolic cost performing diel vertical migrations to prey upon the opossum shrimp Mysis diluviana and zooplankton. C1 [Prichard, Carson G.; Roseman, Edward F.; Keeler, Kevin M.; O'Brien, Timothy P.; Riley, Stephen C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Keeler, Kevin M.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, 2801 West Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA. [Prichard, Carson G.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, 142 Brooks Hall, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. RP Prichard, CG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.; Prichard, CG (reprint author), Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, 142 Brooks Hall, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. EM prich1cg@cmich.edu FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; USGS Great Lakes Science Center FX We thank the vessel crews, research technicians, and research biologists who contributed to the long-term bottom trawl program on Lake Huron. We also thank Limei Zhang for providing assistance accessing the data, as well as Chuck Madenjian and Patty Armenio who reviewed a previous version of this manuscript. This work was completed with funding provided by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative and the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. The mention of specific trade names or products herein does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Government. This is contribution 2068 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. NR 73 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1241 EP 1251 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1214176 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000009 ER PT J AU Dunn, CG Angermeier, PL AF Dunn, Corey G. Angermeier, Paul L. TI Development of Habitat Suitability Indices for the Candy Darter, with Cross-Scale Validation across Representative Populations SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN FRESH-WATER; BENTHIC STREAM FISH; MICROHABITAT USE; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; WARMWATER STREAM; TRADE-OFF; SIZE; CONSERVATION; ECOLOGY; RIVER AB Understanding relationships between habitat associations for individuals and habitat factors that limit populations is a primary challenge for managers of stream fishes. Although habitat use by individuals can provide insight into the adaptive significance of selected microhabitats, not all habitat parameters will be significant at the population level, particularly when distributional patterns partially result fromhabitat degradation. We used underwater observation to quantify microhabitat selection by an imperiled stream fish, the Candy Darter Etheostoma osburni, in two streams with robust populations. We developed multiple-variable and multiple-life-stage habitat suitability indices (HSIs) from microhabitat selection patterns and used them to assess the suitability of available habitat in streams where Candy Darter populations were extirpated, localized, or robust. Next, we used a comparative framework to examine relationships among (1) habitat availability across streams, (2) projected habitat suitability of each stream, and (3) a rank for the likely long-term viability (robustness) of the population inhabiting each stream. Habitat selection was characterized by ontogenetic shifts from the low-velocity, slightly embedded areas used by age-0 Candy Darters to the swift, shallow areas with little fine sediment and complex substrate, which were used by adults. Overall, HSIs were strongly correlated with population rank. However, we observed weak or inverse relationships between predicted individual habitat suitability and population robustness for multiple life stages and variables. The results demonstrated that microhabitat selection by individuals does not always reflect population robustness, particularly when based on a single life stage or season, which highlights the risk of generalizing habitat selection that is observed during nonstressful periods or for noncritical resources. These findings suggest that stream fish managers may need to be cautious when implementing conservation measures based solely on observations of habitat selection by individuals and that detailed study at the individual and population levels may be necessary to identify habitat that limits populations. C1 [Dunn, Corey G.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 100 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Dunn, Corey G.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Angermeier, Paul L.] US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Virginia Tech, 100 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Dunn, CG (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 100 Cheatham Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.; Dunn, CG (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM cgd7n7@mizzou.edu FU State Wildlife Grant from U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (VDGIF); Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Virginia Tech; U. S. Geological Survey; Virginia Polytechnic Institute; State University, VDGIF; Wildlife Management Institute FX This study was partially funded by a State Wildlife Grant from the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (VDGIF). We thank Mike Pinder, Stuart Welsh, and Dan Cincotta for site recommendations. We also thank VDGIF and the West Virginia Division of Natural Resources for field collection permits and Greg Anderson for programming assistance. Field help was provided by Matt Bierlein, Joe Cline, David Crain, Laura Heironimus, Pat Kroboth, Josh Light, Vance Nepomuceno, Phil Pegelow, Jordan Richard, Chris Rowe, and Laura Zseleczky. Earlier versions of the paper were improved by recommendations from Nick Sievert and two anonymous reviewers. This work was carried out under the auspices of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol 10-094-FIW at Virginia Tech. The Virginia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U. S. Geological Survey, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, VDGIF, and Wildlife Management Institute. Use of trade, firm, or product names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1266 EP 1281 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1217929 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000011 ER PT J AU Hansen, AG Gardner, JR Beauchamp, DA Paradis, R Quinn, TP AF Hansen, Adam G. Gardner, Jennifer R. Beauchamp, David A. Paradis, Rebecca Quinn, Thomas P. TI Recovery of Sockeye Salmon in the Elwha River, Washington, after Dam Removal: Dependence of Smolt Production on the Resumption of Anadromy by Landlocked Kokanee SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; LAKE WASHINGTON; FORAGING MODEL; PACIFIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; TEMPORAL DYNAMICS; FRAZER LAKE; GROWTH; RESERVOIR; DENSITY AB Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. are adept at colonizing habitat that has been reopened to anadromous passage. Sockeye Salmon O. nerka are unique in that most populations require lakes to fulfill their life history. Thus, for Sockeye Salmon to colonize a system, projects like dam removals must provide access to lakes. However, if the lakes contain landlocked kokanee (lacustrine Sockeye Salmon), the recovery of Sockeye Salmon could be mediated by interactions between the two life history forms and the processes associated with the resumption of anadromy. Our objective was to evaluate the extent to which estimates of Sockeye Salmon smolt production and recovery are sensitive to the resumption of anadromy by kokanee after dam removal. We informed the analysis based on the abiotic and biotic features of Lake Sutherland, which was recently opened to passage after dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington. We first developed maximum expectations for the smolt-producing capacity of Lake Sutherland by using two predictive models developed from Sockeye Salmon populations in Alaska and British Columbia: one model was based on the mean seasonal biomass of macrozooplankton, and the other was based on the euphotic zone volume of the lake. We then constructed a bioenergetics-based simulation model to evaluate how the capacity of Lake Sutherland to rear yearling smolts could change with varying degrees of anadromy among O. nerka fry. We demonstrated that (1) the smolt-producing capacity of a nursery lake for juvenile Sockeye Salmon changes in nonlinear ways with changes in smolt growth, mortality, and the extent to which kokanee resume anadromy after dam removal; (2) kokanee populations may be robust to changes in abundance after dam removal, particularly if lakes are located higher in the watershed on tributaries separate from where dams were removed; and (3) the productivity of newly establishing Sockeye Salmon can vary considerably depending on whether the population becomes rearing limited or is recruitment limited and depending on how adult escapement is managed. C1 [Hansen, Adam G.; Gardner, Jennifer R.] Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Paradis, Rebecca] Nat Resource Dept, Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, 51 Hatchery Rd, Port Angeles, WA 98363 USA. [Quinn, Thomas P.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hansen, Adam G.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Beauchamp, David A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 Northeast 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. RP Hansen, AG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Hansen, AG (reprint author), Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM adam.hansen@state.co.us FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] [106]; USEPA Puget Sound Partnership; Washington Sea Grant program, University of Washington (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration) [NA10OAR4170075, R/ LME-7]; H. Mason Keeler Endowment at the University of Washington; U.S. Geological Survey; University of Washington; Washington State Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife; Natural Resources; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank Marcia House and colleagues (Northwest Indian Fisheries Commission) and Michael McHenry, Matt Berine, and Mel Elofson (LEKT) for providing access to fish caught in Lake Sutherland and access to the long-term data set on Lake Sutherland limnology and zooplankton (funded by U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [USEPA] Section 106 and USEPA Puget Sound Partnership Tribal Capacity grants). We also gratefully acknowledge funding from the Washington Sea Grant program, University of Washington (National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award Number NA10OAR4170075, Project R/ LME-7), and from the H. Mason Keeler Endowment at the University of Washington. The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey; the University of Washington; the Washington State Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources; and the Wildlife Management Institute. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1303 EP 1317 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1223752 PG 15 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000014 ER PT J AU Benjamin, JR Heltzel, JM Dunham, JB Heck, M Banish, N AF Benjamin, Joseph R. Heltzel, Jeannie M. Dunham, Jason B. Heck, Michael Banish, Nolan TI Thermal Regimes, Nonnative Trout, and Their Influences on Native Bull Trout in the Upper Klamath River Basin, Oregon SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INLAND CUTTHROAT TROUT; BROOK TROUT; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; WATER TEMPERATURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NORTH-AMERICA; STREAM TEMPERATURE; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; ROCKY-MOUNTAINS; IDAHO STREAMS AB The occurrence of fish species may be strongly influenced by a stream's thermal regime (magnitude, frequency, variation, and timing). For instance, magnitude and frequency provide information about sublethal temperatures, variability in temperature can affect behavioral thermoregulation and bioenergetics, and timing of thermal events may cue life history events, such as spawning and migration. We explored the relationship between thermal regimes and the occurrences of native Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus and nonnative Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis and Brown Trout Salmo trutta across 87 sites in the upper Klamath River basin, Oregon. Our objectives were to associate descriptors of the thermal regime with trout occurrence, predict the probability of Bull Trout occurrence, and estimate upper thermal tolerances of the trout species. We found that each species was associated with a different suite of thermal regime descriptors. Bull Trout were present at sites that were cooler, had fewer high-temperature events, had less variability, and took longer to warm. Brook Trout were also observed at cooler sites with fewer high-temperature events, but the sites were more variable and Brook Trout occurrence was not associated with a timing descriptor. In contrast, Brown Trout were present at sites that were warmer and reached higher temperatures faster, but they were not associated with frequency or variability descriptors. Among the descriptors considered, magnitude (specifically June degree-days) was the most important in predicting the probability of Bull Trout occurrence, and model predictions were strengthened by including Brook Trout occurrence. Last, all three trout species exhibited contrasting patterns of tolerating longer exposures to lower temperatures. Tolerance limits for Bull Trout were lower than those for Brook Trout and Brown Trout, with contrasts especially evident for thermal maxima. Our results confirm the value of exploring a suite of thermal regime descriptors for understanding the distribution and occurrence of fishes. Moreover, these descriptors and their relationships to fish should be considered with future changes in land use, water use, or climate. C1 [Benjamin, Joseph R.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Heltzel, Jeannie M.] DJ Warren & Associates Inc, 3015 Southwood Dr, Philomath, OR 97370 USA. [Dunham, Jason B.; Heck, Michael] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 Southwest Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Banish, Nolan] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1936 Calif Ave, Klamath Falls, OR 97601 USA. RP Benjamin, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA. EM jbenjamin@usgs.gov FU USFWS FX We thank S. Clark, D. Herring, D. Hockman-Wert, and T. Smith for field assistance. D. Herring (National Park Service), T. Smith (U.S. Forest Service), and W. Tinniswood (Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife) provided professional opinions on the locations of trout. Previous versions of this manuscript were improved by comments from M. Meeuwig, D. Boughton, and three anonymous reviewers. Funding was provided by the USFWS. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1318 EP 1330 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1219677 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000015 ER PT J AU Sorel, MH Hansen, AG Connelly, KA Beauchamp, DA AF Sorel, Mark H. Hansen, Adam G. Connelly, Kristin A. Beauchamp, David A. TI Trophic Feasibility of Reintroducing Anadromous Salmonids in Three Reservoirs on the North Fork Lewis River, Washington: Prey Supply and Consumption Demand of Resident Fishes SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; LOWER COLUMBIA RIVER; LAKE WASHINGTON; SOCKEYE-SALMON; PACIFIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; FOOD-WEB; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; BIOENERGETICS MODELS; DEPENDENT MORTALITY AB The reintroduction of anadromous salmonids in reservoirs is being proposed with increasing frequency, requiring baseline studies to evaluate feasibility and estimate the capacity of reservoir food webs to support reintroduced populations. Using three reservoirs on the north fork Lewis River as a case study, we demonstrate a method to determine juvenile salmonid smolt rearing capacities for lakes and reservoirs. To determine if the Lewis River reservoirs can support reintroduced populations of juvenile stream-type Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, we evaluated the monthly production of daphnia Daphnia spp. (the primary zooplankton consumed by resident salmonids in the system) and used bioenergetics to model the consumption demand of resident fishes in each reservoir. To estimate the surplus of Daphnia prey available for reintroduced salmonids, we assumed a maximum sustainable exploitation rate and accounted for the consumption demand of resident fishes. The number of smolts that could have been supported was estimated by dividing any surplus Daphnia production by the simulated consumption demand of an individual Chinook Salmon fry rearing in the reservoir to successful smolt size. In all three reservoirs, densities of Daphnia were highest in the epilimnion, but warm epilimnetic temperatures and the vertical distribution of planktivores suggested that access to abundant epilimnetic prey was limited. By comparing accessible prey supply and demand on a monthly basis, we were able to identify potential prey supply bottlenecks that could limit smolt production and growth. These results demonstrate that a bioenergetics approach can be a valuable method of examining constraints on lake and reservoir rearing capacity, such as thermal structure and temporal food supply. This method enables numerical estimation of rearing capacity, which is a useful metric for managers evaluating the feasibility of reintroducing Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. in lentic systems. C1 [Sorel, Mark H.; Hansen, Adam G.; Connelly, Kristin A.] Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hansen, Adam G.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Sorel, MH (reprint author), Univ Washington, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM marks6@uw.edu FU PacifiCorp Energy; U.S. Geological Survey; School of Aquatic and Fisheries Science at the University of Washington; Washington Lakes Protection Association; University of Washington; Washington State Department of Ecology, Fish, and Wildlife; Washington State Department of Natural Resources; Wildlife Management Institute FX This research was funded by PacifiCorp Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey, the School of Aquatic and Fisheries Science at the University of Washington, and the Washington Lakes Protection Association. Erin Lowery was instrumental in the planning and execution of this project. Casey Clark was instrumental in field and lab data collection. Additionally, S. Burgess, I. Vincent, A. Wilson, K. Ellis, A. Fuller, D. Lombardo, and numerous others conducted field and lab work. Collaboration with Robery Al-Chokhachy, Heather Bowen, and Chris Clark provided valuable information on the lotic habitat in the basin. Expert local knowledge was provided by F. Shrier and J. Doyle. We thank T. Quinn and R. Zabel for reviewing earlier versions of thismanuscript. The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Washington, the Washington State Departments of Ecology, Fish, and Wildlife and of Natural Resources, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 74 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1331 EP 1347 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1219678 PG 17 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000016 ER PT J AU George, SD Baldigo, BP Wells, SM AF George, Scott D. Baldigo, Barry P. Wells, Scott M. TI Effects of Seasonal Drawdowns on Fish Assemblages in Sections of an Impounded River-Canal System in Upstate New York SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LARGEMOUTH BASS; DECLINES; REGIME; WORLD; STATE AB The Mohawk River and New York State Barge Canal run together as a series of permanent and temporary impoundments for most of the distance between Rome and Albany, New York. The downstream or lower section is composed of two permanent impoundments, the middle section of a series of temporary (seasonal) impoundments, and the upper section of a series of permanent impoundments. In the middle section, movable dams are lifted from the water during winter and the wetted surface area decreases by 36-56%. We used boat electrofishing during spring 2014 and 2015 to compare the relative abundance of fish populations and the composition of fish assemblages between the permanently and seasonally impounded sections of the Barge Canal and to infer the effects of the two flow management practices. A total of 3,264 individuals from 38 species were captured, and total catch per unit effort (CPUE) ranged from 46.0 to 134.7 fish/h at sites in the seasonally impounded section, compared with 140.0-342.0 fish/h in the permanent lower section and 89.0-282.0 fish/h in the permanent upper section. The amount of drawdown explained 55% of the variation in total CPUE and was a highly significant predictor variable. Mean total CPUE in the seasonally impounded section was significantly lower (by about 50%) than that in either permanently impounded section, and the assemblage composition differed significantly between sections. The relative abundance of many lentic species was markedly lower in the seasonally impounded section, while the relative abundance of several native cyprinids and the percentage of individuals belonging to species that are native to the watershed was greater in this section. Overall, these findings suggest that winter dam removal in impounded rivers may reduce the abundance of fish but may also create more natural riverine conditions that favor some native species. C1 [George, Scott D.; Baldigo, Barry P.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Wells, Scott M.] Bur Fisheries Reg 4, New York State Dept Environm Conservat, 65561 State Highway 10, Stamford, NY 12167 USA. RP George, SD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM sgeorge@usgs.gov FU Mohawk River Basin Program; U.S. Geological Survey FX This research was funded by the Mohawk River Basin Program and the U.S. Geological Survey with logistical and field support from the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation. The authors extend appreciation to the fisheries staff from Regions 4 and 6, Alexander Smith, and Walter Keller (retired), all of the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; Jeremy Wright and Bryan Weatherwax of the New York State Museum Ichthyology Lab; Noel Deyette and Luis Rodriguez of the U.S. Geological Survey; several student volunteers from the State University of New York at Cobleskill; and the New York State Canal Corporation. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1348 EP 1357 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1223751 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000017 ER PT J AU Padilla, AJ Brown, RJ Wooller, MJ AF Padilla, Andrew J. Brown, Randy J. Wooller, Matthew J. TI Determining the Movements and Distribution of Anadromous Bering Ciscoes by Use of Otolith Strontium Isotopes SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COREGONUS-LAURETTAE; SR-87/SR-86 RATIOS; RIVER SYSTEM; YUKON RIVER; SR ISOTOPES; SALMON; FISH; ALASKA; SEA; MIGRATIONS AB Methods for tracking the movements and distribution of fishes have often involved expensive field logistics, which is compounded in remote regions such as Alaska. An alternative approach is to use the chemical signatures preserved in the otoliths of teleost fish to track their movement history. We used the strontium isotope signature (Sr-87/Sr-86) preserved in the freshwater portion of otoliths taken from Bering Ciscoes Coregonus laurettae to identify their natal river of origin and their movements. Bering Ciscoes spawn in freshwater rivers and rear in coastal marine waters. Just three spawning rivers are known for this species worldwide: the Yukon, Kuskokwim, and Susitna rivers. Rearing commonly occurs in coastal estuaries and lagoons along the Arctic coast of Alaska, the Yukon-Kuskokwim (Y-K) delta, and (rarely) the Alaska Peninsula. We compiled a set (n = 127) of Bering Cisco otoliths from fish caught in coastal marine habitats within each of these rearing areas. We measured the Sr-87/Sr-86 values from the freshwater portions of the otoliths and compared them to an established baseline of signatures for Bering Ciscoes sampled from the known spawning rivers. We found that 96% of the unknown-origin specimens from the three rearing groups (Alaska Arctic coast, Y-K delta, and Alaska Peninsula) had Sr-87/Sr-86 values that were consistent with a Yukon River origin. The dominance of Yukon River-origin fish in all rearing groups suggests that this population is considerably larger than the Kuskokwim River or Susitna River population. These data also indicate a widespread coastal distribution of Bering Ciscoes, with some individuals estimated to have traveled over 4,900 km between coastal rearing locations and the spawning habitat. Our approach illustrates that strontium isotopes can be used to determine the natal river and migration behavior for anadromous Bering Ciscoes of unknown origin. C1 [Padilla, Andrew J.; Wooller, Matthew J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Padilla, Andrew J.; Wooller, Matthew J.] Inst Northern Engn, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Alaska Stable Isotope Facil, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Padilla, Andrew J.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, 1300 Coll Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Brown, Randy J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 101 12th Ave,Room 110, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. RP Padilla, AJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Padilla, AJ (reprint author), Inst Northern Engn, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Alaska Stable Isotope Facil, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Padilla, AJ (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, 1300 Coll Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. EM andrew.padilla@alaska.gov FU ADFG Division of Commercial Fisheries; Standard Operating Procedure III-505; USFWS Fairbanks field office FX We thank the ADFG Division of Commercial Fisheries for supporting this research; funding was provided under Standard Operating Procedure III-505. Additionally, the USFWS Fairbanks field office graciously provided financial support for chemical analyses and use of an otolith laboratory. This project would not have been possible without the generosity of individuals who provided otolith samples, including L. Moulton, D. Runfola, O. Russ, C. Anderson, P. Bradley, and M. Plumb. We extend our gratitude to the staff of the OSU W. M. Keck Collaboratory for Plasma Spectrometry-A. Ungerer, A. Kent, B. Haley, and M. Loewen-all of whom provided excellent LA-MC-ICP-MS support. We are grateful to J. Miller, S. Brennan, and S. Danielson for providing points of discussion. Lastly, we thank R. Johnson and one anonymous reviewer for providing helpful suggestions on an initial version of this paper. All views expressed herein are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the ADFG. NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1374 EP 1385 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1225599 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000019 ER PT J AU Klobucar, SL Saunders, WC Budy, P AF Klobucar, Stephen L. Saunders, W. Carl Budy, Phaedra TI A Lota lota Consumption: Trophic Dynamics of Nonnative Burbot in a Valuable Sport Fishery SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FLAMING-GORGE RESERVOIR; WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SUB-ARCTIC LAKE; UNITED-STATES; CUTTHROAT TROUT; BIOENERGETICS MODEL; INVASION SUCCESS; RIVER DRAINAGE; RAINBOW-TROUT; BROOK TROUT AB Unintentional and illegal introductions of species disrupt food webs and threaten the success of managed sport fisheries. Although many populations of Burbot Lota lota are declining in the species' native range, a nonnative population recently expanded into Flaming Gorge Reservoir (FGR), Wyoming-Utah, and threatens to disrupt predator-prey interactions within this popular sport fishery. To determine potential impacts on sport fishes, especially trophy Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush, we assessed the relative abundance of Burbot and quantified the potential trophic or food web impacts of this population by using diet, stable isotope, and bioenergetic analyses. We did not detect a significant potential for food resource competition between Burbot and Lake Trout (Schoener's overlap index = 0.13), but overall consumption by Burbot likely affects other sport fishes, as indicated by our analyses of trophic niche space. Diet analyses suggested that crayfish were important diet items across time (89.3% of prey by weight in autumn; 49.4% in winter) and across Burbot size-classes (small: 77.5% of prey by weight; medium: 76.6%; large: 39.7%). However, overall consumption by Burbot increases as water temperatures cool, and fish consumption by Burbot in FGR was observed to increase during winter. Specifically, large Burbot consumed more salmonids, and we estimated (bioenergetically) that up to 70% of growth occurred in late autumn and winter. Further, our population-wide consumption estimates indicated that Burbot could consume up to double the biomass of Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss stocked annually (>1.3 x 10(5) kg; >1 million individuals) into FGR. Overall, we provide some of the first information regarding Burbot trophic interactions outside of the species' native range; these findings can help to inform the management of sport fisheries if Burbot range expansion occurs elsewhere. C1 [Klobucar, Stephen L.; Saunders, W. Carl; Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Klobucar, Stephen L.; Saunders, W. Carl; Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Budy, Phaedra] US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 5290 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Klobucar, SL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Klobucar, SL (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM stephen.klobucar@gmail.com FU UDWR Sportfish Research Grant [121041]; U.S. Geological Survey; Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Ecology Center at Utah State University; Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee, Utah State University FX Our research was supported by UDWR Sportfish Research Grant 121041. We thank C. Walker and T. Hedrick for their technical assistance, and we are indebted to R. Mosley for considerable logistical support, FGR knowledge, and willingness to share data. R. Keith and C. Amadio (WGFD) assisted with the development and execution of this project, and A. Bonser provided angling expertise. C. Luecke provided supporting data for the manuscript. Additional support was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (in-kind) and The Ecology Center at Utah State University. J. Augspurger, M. Meier, M. Stephens, G. P. Thiede, B. Roholt, R. Walker, and B. Wegleitner provided additional assistance in the field and laboratory. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol Number 1539, Utah State University. NR 64 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1386 EP 1398 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1227372 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EB7VU UT WOS:000387600000020 ER PT B AU Kurath, G Wargo, AR AF Kurath, Gael Wargo, Andrew R. BE Weaver, SC Denison, M Roossinck, M Vignuzzi, M TI Evolution of Viral Virulence: Empirical Studies SO VIRUS EVOLUTION: CURRENT RESEARCH AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; HEMATOPOIETIC-NECROSIS-VIRUS; VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; MAREKS-DISEASE VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-SALMON-ANEMIA; CUCUMBER-MOSAIC-VIRUS; TRADE-OFF HYPOTHESIS; HOST-PARASITE SYSTEM; ROSS RIVER VIRUS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS AB The concept of virulence as a pathogen trait that can evolve in response to selection has led to a large body of virulence evolution theory developed in the 1980-1990s. Various aspects of this theory predict increased or decreased virulence in response to a complex array of selection pressures including mode of transmission, changes in host, mixed infection, vector-borne transmission, environmental changes, host vaccination, host resistance, and co-evolution of virus and host. A fundamental concept is prediction of trade-offs between the costs and benefits associated with higher virulence, leading to selection of optimal virulence levels. Through a combination of observational and experimental studies, including experimental evolution of viruses during serial passage, many of these predictions have now been explored in systems ranging from bacteriophage to viruses of plants, invertebrates, and vertebrate hosts. This chapter summarizes empirical studies of viral virulence evolution in numerous diverse systems, including the classic models myxomavirus in rabbits, Marek's disease virus in chickens, and HIV in humans. Collectively these studies support some aspects of virulence evolution theory, suggest modifications for other aspects, and show that predictions may apply in some virus:host interactions but not in others. Finally, we consider how virulence evolution theory applies to disease management in the field. C1 [Kurath, Gael] USGS Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Wargo, Andrew R.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. RP Kurath, G (reprint author), USGS Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM gkurath@usgs.gbv NR 249 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU CAISTER ACADEMIC PRESS PI WYMONDHAM PA 32 HEWITTS LANE, WYMONDHAM NR 18 0JA, ENGLAND BN 978-1-910190-23-4 PY 2016 BP 155 EP 213 PG 59 WC Microbiology; Virology SC Microbiology; Virology GA BG3AZ UT WOS:000387833200006 ER PT J AU Hart, KM White, CF Iverson, AR Whitney, N AF Hart, Kristen M. White, Connor F. Iverson, Autumn R. Whitney, Nick TI Trading shallow safety for deep sleep: juvenile green turtles select deeper resting sites as they grow SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Chelonia mydas; Dry Tortugas; Accelerometers; Dive profile; Green turtle ID TIME-DEPTH RECORDERS; GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; CHELONIA-MYDAS L; DIVING BEHAVIOR; SEA-TURTLES; HABITAT USE; BUOYANCY CONTROL; FORAGING AREA; DIVE PROFILES; ERETMOCHELYS-IMBRICATA AB To better protect endangered green sea turtles Chelonia mydas, a more thorough understanding of the behaviors of each life stage is needed. Although dive profile analyses obtained using time-depth loggers have provided some insights into habitat use, recent work has shown that more fine-scale monitoring of body movements is needed to elucidate physical activity patterns. We monitored 11 juvenile green sea turtles with tri-axial acceleration data loggers in their foraging grounds in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, USA, for periods ranging from 43 to 118 h (mean +/- SD: 72.8 +/- 27.3 h). Approximately half of the individuals (n = 5) remained in shallow (overall mean depth < 2 m) water throughout the experiment, whereas the remaining individuals (n = 6) made excursions to deeper (4 to 27 m) waters, often at night. Despite these differences in depth use, acceleration data revealed a consistent pattern of diurnal activity and nocturnal resting in most individuals. Nocturnal depth differences thus do not appear to represent differences in behavior, but rather different strategies to achieve the same behavior: rest. We calculated overall dynamic body acceleration (ODBA) to assess the relative energetic cost of each behavioral strategy in an attempt to explain the differences between them. Animals in deeper water experienced longer resting dives, more time resting per hour, and lower mean hourly ODBA. These results suggest that resting in deeper water provides energetic benefits that outweigh the costs of transiting to deep water and a potential increased risk of predation. C1 [Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 3321 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. [White, Connor F.; Whitney, Nick] Mote Marine Lab, Behav Ecol & Physiol Program, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Iverson, Autumn R.] US Geol Survey, Cherokee Nation Technol, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 3321 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. RP Hart, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 3321 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA. EM kristen_hart@usgs.gov FU USGS Priority Ecosystem Studies Program; Sea Turtle Grants Program; Florida Sea Turtle License Plate FX This work was completed under permits NMFS 13307-03 and NPS DRTO-2010-SCI-0009, and adhered to Animal Care Protocols USGS-SESC-IACUC 2011-05. Funding was provided by USGS Priority Ecosystem Studies Program and the Sea Turtle Grants Program. The Sea Turtle Grants Program is funded from proceeds from the sale of the Florida Sea Turtle License Plate. We thank NPS for logistical support, especially T. Gottshall and K. Nimmo, as well as K. Ludwig (USGS) and many others for assistance with fieldwork. Thanks to K. Lear and G. Schwieterman for help with data processing and manuscript revision. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2016 VL 31 BP 61 EP 73 DI 10.3354/esr00750 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EB1QZ UT WOS:000387130800006 ER PT J AU Johnson, NA McLeod, JM Holcomb, J Rowe, M Williams, JD AF Johnson, Nathan A. McLeod, John M. Holcomb, Jordan Rowe, Matthew Williams, James D. TI Early life history and spatiotemporal changes in distribution of the rediscovered Suwannee moccasinshell Medionidus walkeri (Bivalvia: Unionidae) SO ENDANGERED SPECIES RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Freshwater mussel; Glochidia; Host fish; Mantle display; Gravidity; Fecundity; Historical distribution; Conservation status ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; GULF COASTAL-PLAIN; REPRODUCTIVE-BIOLOGY; MOBILE BASIN; HOST FISHES; GLOCHIDIA; RIVER; USA; CONSERVATION; ASSEMBLAGES AB Accurate distribution data are critical to the development of conservation and management strategies for imperiled species, particularly for narrow endemics with life history traits that make them vulnerable to extinction. Medionidus walkeri is a rare freshwater mussel endemic to the Suwannee River basin in southeastern North America. This species was rediscovered in 2012 after a 16-yr hiatus between collections and is currently proposed for listing under the US Endangered Species Act. Our study fills knowledge gaps regarding changes in distribution and early life history requirements of M. walkeri. Spatiotemporal changes in M. walkeri distribution are displayed using a conservation status assessment map incorporating data from 98 historical (1916 to 1999) and 401 recent (2000 to 2015) site surveys from museums and field notes representing records for 312 specimens. Recent surveys detected M. walkeri only in the middle Suwannee subbasin (n = 86, 22 locations) and lower Santa Fe subbasin (n = 2, 2 locations), and it appears the species may be extirpated from 67% of historically occupied 10-digit hydrologic unit code (HUC 10) watersheds. In our laboratory experiments, M. walkeri successfully metamorphosed on Percina nigrofasciata (56.2% +/- 8.9) and Etheostoma edwini (16.1% +/- 7.9) but not on Trinectes maculatus, Lepomis marginatus, Notropis texanus, Noturus leptacanthus, Etheostoma fusiforme, or Gambusia holbrooki. We characterize M. walkeri as a lure-displaying host fish specialist and a long-term brooder (bradytictic) that is gravid from fall to early summer of the following year. The early life history and distribution data presented here provide the baseline framework for listing decisions and future efforts to conserve and recover the species. C1 [Johnson, Nathan A.; McLeod, John M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. [Holcomb, Jordan; Rowe, Matthew; Williams, James D.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, 7386 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. RP Johnson, NA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA. EM najohnson@usgs.gov FU USGS; USFWS; FWC FX The authors thank Lianne Ball, Jennifer Bernatis, Caitlin Beaver, Sherry Bostick, Byron Hamstead, Kyle Moon, Cayla Morningstar, John Pfeiffer, Sandra Pursifull, Gary Warren, Jason Wisniewski, and the USFWS Region 4 dive team for their assistance with this project. We appreciate the assistance of the following curators and collection managers: George Thomas Watters and Caitlyn Byrne at Ohio State University Museum of Biological Diversity; Arthur Bogan and Jamie Smith at North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences; Paul Callomon at Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia; Marat Recevik and Adam Baldinger at Museum of Comparative Zoology of Harvard University; Amanda Bemis, Gustav Paulay and John Slap cinsky at Florida Museum of Natural History; and Jack Burch, Taehwan Lee, and Diarmaid O Foighil at University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. This manuscript benefited greatly from input from Julien Martin and 2 anonymous reviewers. Funding from USGS, USFWS, and FWC helped make this research possible. The research was approved by USGS Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol 3013-03. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 1863-5407 EI 1613-4796 J9 ENDANGER SPECIES RES JI Endanger. Species Res. PY 2016 VL 31 BP 163 EP 175 DI 10.3354/esr00752 PG 13 WC Biodiversity Conservation SC Biodiversity & Conservation GA EB1QZ UT WOS:000387130800012 ER PT J AU Feng, DL Zhao, YY Yu, L Li, CC Wang, J Clinton, N Bai, YQ Belward, A Zhu, ZL Gong, P AF Feng, Duole Zhao, Yuanyuan Yu, Le Li, Congcong Wang, Jie Clinton, Nicholas Bai, Yuqi Belward, Alan Zhu, Zhiliang Gong, Peng TI Circa 2014 African land-cover maps compatible with FROM-GLC and GLC2000 classification schemes based on multi-seasonal Landsat data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID VALIDATION; EARTH AB A new African land-cover data set has been developed using multi-seasonal Landsat Operational Land Imager (OLI) imagery mainly acquired around 2014, supplemented by Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) and Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+). Each path/row location was covered by five images, including one in the growing season of vegetation and the others in four meteorological seasons (i.e. spring, summer, autumn, and winter), choosing the image with the least cloud coverage. The data set has two classification schemes, i.e. Finer Resolution Observation and Monitoring - Global Land Cover (FROM-GLC) and Global Land Cover 2000 (GLC2000), providing greater flexibility in product comparisons and applications. Random forest was used as the classifier in this project. Overall accuracies were 71% and 67% for the maps in the FROM-GLC classification scheme at level 1 and level 2, respectively, and 70% for the map in the GLC2000 classification scheme. The newly developed African land-cover map achieved a greater improvement in accuracy compared to previous products in the FROM-GLC project. Multi-seasonal imagery helped increase the mapping accuracy by better differentiating vegetation types with similar spectral features in one specific season and identifying vegetation with a shorter growing season. Night light data with 1 km resolution was used to identify the potential area of impervious surfaces to avoid overestimating the distribution of impervious surfaces without decreasing the spatial resolution. Stacking multi-seasonal mapping results could adequately minimize the disturbance of cloud and shade. C1 [Feng, Duole; Zhao, Yuanyuan; Yu, Le; Li, Congcong; Clinton, Nicholas; Bai, Yuqi; Gong, Peng] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modelling, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Yu, Le; Gong, Peng] Joint Ctr Global Change Studies, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, Jie] Beijing Normal Univ, Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Remote Sensing & Digital Earth, State Key Lab Remote Sensing Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Belward, Alan] European Commiss, Joint Res Ctr, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Land Resource Management Unit, Ispra, Varese, Italy. [Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Gong, P (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Minist Educ, Key Lab Earth Syst Modelling, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM penggong@mail.tsinghua.edu.cn RI Yu, Le/C-3701-2008 OI Yu, Le/0000-0003-3115-2042 FU National High Technology Programme of China [2013A(A)(I)22804]; National Natural Science Funds of China [41301445]; Tsinghua University [2012Z02287] FX This work was supported by the National High Technology Programme of China [Grant number 2013A(A)(I)22804]; the National Natural Science Funds of China [Grant number 41301445]; and a research grant from Tsinghua University [Grant number 2012Z02287]. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 19 BP 4648 EP 4664 DI 10.1080/01431161.2016.1218090 PG 17 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DW3XQ UT WOS:000383576800008 ER PT J AU Cadmus, P Pomeranz, JPF Kraus, JM AF Cadmus, Pete Pomeranz, Justin P. F. Kraus, Johanna M. TI Low-cost floating emergence net and bottle trap: comparison of two designs SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aquatic insect; aspiration; trap efficiency; quantitative; sampling time ID INSECT EMERGENCE; HABITATS; PREY; FLUX AB Sampling emergent aquatic insects is of interest to many freshwater ecologists. Many quantitative emergence traps require the use of aspiration for collection. However, aspiration is infeasible in studies with large amounts of replication that is often required in large biomonitoring projects. We designed an economic, collapsible pyramid-shaped floating emergence trap with an external collection bottle that avoids the need for aspiration. This design was compared experimentally to a design of similar dimensions that relied on aspiration to ensure comparable results. The pyramid-shaped design captured twice as many total emerging insects. When a preservative was used in bottle collectors, >95% of the emergent abundance was collected in the bottle. When no preservative was used, >81% of the total insects were collected from the bottle. In addition to capturing fewer emergent insects, the traps that required aspiration took significantly longer to sample. Large studies and studies sampling remote locations could benefit from the economical construction, speed of sampling, and capture efficiency. C1 [Cadmus, Pete] Aquat Res Section, Colorado Parks & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Cadmus, Pete; Pomeranz, Justin P. F.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Grad Program Ecol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Pomeranz, Justin P. F.] Univ Canterbury, Sch Biol Sci, Christchurch 1, New Zealand. [Kraus, Johanna M.] Ft Collins Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Cadmus, P (reprint author), Aquat Res Section, Colorado Parks & Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM pete.cadmus@state.co.us OI Cadmus, Pete/0000-0002-4078-8328 FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife; Mineral Resource Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; Contaminants Biology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; Toxic Substances Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey FX Funding provided by Colorado Parks and Wildlife and the Mineral Resource Program, Contaminants Biology Program, and Toxic Substances Hydrology Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PY 2016 VL 31 IS 4 BP 653 EP 658 DI 10.1080/02705060.2016.1217944 PG 6 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB2CZ UT WOS:000387166100014 ER PT J AU Chalupnicki, MA Johnson, JH AF Chalupnicki, Marc A. Johnson, James H. TI Diel diet of fantail darter in a tributary to Lake Ontario, New York, USA SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Fantail darter; diet composition; diel feeding; gut analysis ID ETHEOSTOMA-FLABELLARE; RAINBOW; ECOLOGY; FISHES; STREAM AB The foraging behavior of benthic fishes in streams is seldom examined but is vital to the health of the aquatic community. We examined the feeding ecology of the fantail darter (Etheostoma flaballere) in Trout Brook, a tributary of the Salmon River in central New York, USA. Of the six time periods examined, fantail darters fed most intensely from 1600-2000h, with ephemeropterans the major prey consumed during all time periods except for 2000 where chironomid larvae were consumed the most. Fantail darter diet composition was similar across all time periods except during the night which appeared to be uniquely different. According to the prey selection analysis, fantail darters appear to prefer dipterans and ephemeropterans but also demonstrated an opportunistic behavior feeding on what was available in the brook. C1 [Chalupnicki, Marc A.; Johnson, James H.] Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, US Geol Survey, Cortland, NY USA. RP Chalupnicki, MA (reprint author), Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, US Geol Survey, Cortland, NY USA. EM mchalupnicki@usgs.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PY 2016 VL 31 IS 4 BP 659 EP 664 DI 10.1080/02705060.2016.1197857 PG 6 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA EB2CZ UT WOS:000387166100015 ER PT J AU Corn, JL Duhaime, RA Alfred, JT Mertins, JW Leland, BR Sramek, RL Moczygemba, JD Shaw, DW AF Corn, Joseph L. Duhaime, Roberta A. Alfred, Jeffery T. Mertins, James W. Leland, Bruce R. Sramek, Richard L. Moczygemba, Jonathan D. Shaw, David W. TI Survey for ticks on feral swine within a cattle fever tick-infested landscape in Texas, USA SO SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma mixtum; Amblyomma tenellum; Dermacentor halli; Dermacentor variabilis; Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus; cattle fever tick ID BOSELAPHUS-TRAGOCAMELUS ARTIODACTYLA; AMBLYOMMA-MIXTUM KOCH; 1844 ACARI IXODIDAE; WHITE-TAILED DEER; DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; SOUTH TEXAS; CAJENNENSE; BRAZIL; HOSTS; WILD AB We collected ticks from feral swine, Sus scrofa L., during 1-3 September 2015, in pastures known to be infested by southern cattle ticks, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), at the Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge in Cameron County, Texas, U.S.A. All 81 examined feral swine were infested by ticks, but none was infested by R. microplus. Tick species collected were Amblyomma maculatum Koch, Amblyomma mixtum Koch, Amblyomma tenellum Koch, Dermacentor halli McIntosh, and Dermaentor variabilis (Say). This is the first formal report of A. tenellum infesting feral swine. C1 [Corn, Joseph L.; Shaw, David W.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, 589 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Duhaime, Roberta A.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, 903 San Jacinto Blvd,Room 220, Austin, TX 78701 USA. [Alfred, Jeffery T.; Mertins, James W.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Vet Serv, Sci Technol & Anal Serv,Natl Vet Serv Labs, 1920 Dayton Ave, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Leland, Bruce R.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, 5730 Northwest Pkwy 700, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Sramek, Richard L.] Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Wildlife Serv, 2209 NPID Suite L, Corpus Christi, TX 78408 USA. [Moczygemba, Jonathan D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Laguna Atascosa Natl Wildlife Refuge, 22817 Ocelot Rd, Los Fresnos, TX 78566 USA. RP Corn, JL (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, 589 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM jcorn@uga.edu FU USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services [1591001407CA]; SCWDS-UGA [1591001407CA] FX We gratefully acknowledge the collaboration of personnel from SCWDS, Laguna Atascosa National Wildlife Refuge, USDA-APHIS-Wildlife Services, USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services, and the Texas Animal Health Commission. Funding for this project was provided through Cooperative Agreement 1591001407CA, between USDA-APHIS-Veterinary Services and SCWDS-UGA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SYSTEMATIC & APPLIED ACAROLOGY SOC LONDON, NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PI LONDON PA DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, LONDON, SW7 5BD, ENGLAND SN 1362-1971 J9 SYST APPL ACAROL-UK JI Syst. Appl. Acarol. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 11 BP 1564 EP 1570 DI 10.11158/saa.21.11.11 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA EB7PV UT WOS:000387582200011 ER PT J AU Blum, JS McCann, SH Bennett, S Miller, LG Stolz, JF Stoneburner, B Saltikov, C Oremland, RS AF Blum, Jodi Switzer McCann, Shelley Hoeft Bennett, Stacy Miller, Laurence G. Stolz, John F. Stoneburner, Brendon Saltikov, Chad Oremland, Ronald S. TI A Microbial Arsenic Cycle in Sediments of an Acidic Mine Impoundment: Herman Pit, Clear Lake, California SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Arsenic; arsenotrophs; acid mine drainage ID NITRATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; IRON MOUNTAIN; MONO LAKE; SP NOV.; CONTAMINATED SOIL; SULFATE REDUCTION; STRAIN MLHE-1; OXIDASE GENES; SULFUR-BANK; SODA LAKES AB The involvement of prokaryotes in the redox reactions of arsenic occurring between its +5 [arsenate; As (V)] and +3 [arsenite; As(III)] oxidation states has been well established. Most research to date has focused upon circum-neutral pH environments (e.g., freshwater or estuarine sediments) or arsenic-rich "extreme" environments like hot springs and soda lakes. In contrast, relatively little work has been conducted in acidic environments. With this in mind we conducted experiments with sediments taken from the Herman Pit, an acid mine drainage impoundment of a former mercury (cinnabar) mine. Due to the large adsorptive capacity of the abundant Fe(III)-rich minerals, we were unable to initially detect in solution either As(V) or As(III) added to the aqueous phase of live sediment slurries or autoclaved controls, although the former consumed added electron donors (i.e., lactate, acetate, hydrogen), while the latter did not. This prompted us to conduct further experiments with diluted slurries using the live materials from the first incubation as inoculum. In these experiments we observed reduction of As(V) to As(III) under anoxic conditions and reduction rates were enhanced by addition of electron donors. We also observed oxidation of As(III) to As (V) in oxic slurries as well as in anoxic slurries amended with nitrate. We noted an acid-tolerant trend for sediment slurries in the cases of As(III) oxidation (aerobic and anaerobic) as well as for anaerobic As(V) reduction. These observations indicate the presence of a viable microbial arsenic redox cycle in the sediments of this extreme environment, a result reinforced by the successful amplification of arsenic functional genes (aioA, and arrA) from these materials. C1 [Blum, Jodi Switzer; McCann, Shelley Hoeft; Bennett, Stacy; Miller, Laurence G.; Oremland, Ronald S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Stolz, John F.] Duquesne Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. [Stoneburner, Brendon; Saltikov, Chad; Oremland, Ronald S.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Microbiol & Ecotoxicol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Oremland, RS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM roremlan@usgs.gov FU USGS; U.S. EPA; NSF [EAR-1349366]; NASA Exobiology FX This work was supported in part by the USGS, and to RSO grants from the U.S. EPA, and NASA Exobiology, and to CWS from NSF (EAR-1349366). NR 78 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0451 EI 1521-0529 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PY 2016 VL 33 IS 8 BP 677 EP 689 DI 10.1080/01490451.2015.1080323 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA EA7FK UT WOS:000386795400004 ER PT J AU Barber-Meyer, SM Mech, LD Newton, WE Borg, BL AF Barber-Meyer, Shannon M. Mech, L. David Newton, Wesley E. Borg, Bridget L. TI Differential wolf-pack-size persistence and the role of risk when hunting dangerous prey SO BEHAVIOUR LA English DT Article DE alternate prey; defence; group size; hunting; pack size; risk; social provisioning; wolves ID CANIS-LUPUS; WOLVES; POPULATION; BEHAVIOR; ELK AB Risk to predators hunting dangerous prey is an emerging area of research and could account for possible persistent differences in gray wolf (Canis lupus) pack sizes. We documented significant differences in long-term wolf-pack-size averages and variation in the Superior National Forest (SNF), Denali National Park and Preserve, Yellowstone National Park, and Yukon, Canada (p < 0.01). The SNF differences could be related to the wolves' risk when hunting primary prey, for those packs (N = 3) hunting moose (Alces americanus) were significantly larger than those (N = 10) hunting white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (F-1,F-8 = 16.50, p = 0.004). Our data support the hypothesis that differential pack-size persistence may be perpetuated by differences in primary prey riskiness to wolves, and we highlight two important extensions of this idea: (1) the potential for wolves to provision and defend injured packmates from other wolves and (2) the importance of less-risky, buffer prey to pack-size persistence and year-to-year variation. C1 [Barber-Meyer, Shannon M.; Mech, L. David; Newton, Wesley E.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA. [Barber-Meyer, Shannon M.] US Geol Survey, 1393 Highway 169, Ely, MN 55731 USA. [Mech, L. David] Univ Minnesota, Raptor Ctr, 1920 Fitch Ave, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Borg, Bridget L.] Denali Natl Pk & Preserve, POB 9, Denali, AK 99755 USA. RP Barber-Meyer, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.; Barber-Meyer, SM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 1393 Highway 169, Ely, MN 55731 USA. EM sbarber-meyer@usgs.gov OI Barber-Meyer, Shannon/0000-0002-3048-2616 FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) FX This project was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). We thank Michael Nelson (retired USGS) and numerous volunteer technicians for their contributions to the Superior National Forest wolf-deer study. We thank Doug Smith and Dan Stahler (NPS) and others on the Yellowstone Wolf Project for collecting and reporting the Yellowstone Park Data. We thank Layne Adams (USGS) and Stephen Arthur (National Park Service) for sharing and clarifying Denali National Park and Preserve data. We thank Ellen Heilhecker (Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife) and Deb Buhl (USGS) for reviewing an earlier draft. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 21 U2 21 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0005-7959 EI 1568-539X J9 BEHAVIOUR JI Behaviour PY 2016 VL 153 IS 12 BP 1473 EP 1487 DI 10.1163/1568539X-00003391 PG 15 WC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology SC Behavioral Sciences; Zoology GA DZ3CY UT WOS:000385723200007 ER PT B AU Work, TM Kaczmarsky, LT Peters, EC AF Work, Thierry M. Kaczmarsky, Longin T. Peters, Esther C. BE Woodley, CM Downs, CA Bruckner, AW Porter, JW Galloway, SB TI Skeletal Growth Anomalies in Corals SO DISEASES OF CORAL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PORITES-COMPRESSA; ACROPORA-PALMATA; TUMOR FORMATIONS; GREEN TURTLES; INDO-PACIFIC; REEF CORAL; DISEASE; FIBROPAPILLOMATOSIS; NEOPLASMS C1 [Work, Thierry M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. [Kaczmarsky, Longin T.] St Johns River State Coll, Palatka, FL USA. [Peters, Esther C.] George Mason Univ, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. RP Work, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-1-118-82858-8; 978-0-8138-2411-6 PY 2016 BP 291 EP 299 PG 9 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF8US UT WOS:000385235100022 ER PT B AU Work, TM Weil, E AF Work, Thierry M. Weil, Ernesto BE Woodley, CM Downs, CA Bruckner, AW Porter, JW Galloway, SB TI Dark-Spots Disease SO DISEASES OF CORAL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CARIBBEAN SCLERACTINIAN CORAL; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; LEVEL ANALYSIS; WEST-INDIES; PREVALENCE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; DOMINICA C1 [Work, Thierry M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. [Weil, Ernesto] Univ Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, PR USA. RP Work, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-1-118-82858-8; 978-0-8138-2411-6 PY 2016 BP 354 EP 360 PG 7 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF8US UT WOS:000385235100027 ER PT B AU Palic, D Warg, JV Work, TM AF Palic, Dusan Warg, Janet V. Work, Thierry M. BE Woodley, CM Downs, CA Bruckner, AW Porter, JW Galloway, SB TI Biocontainment Practices for Coral Disease Research SO DISEASES OF CORAL LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WHITE-NOSE SYNDROME; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; RESEARCH FACILITIES; PATHOGEN; HEALTH; DISSEMINATION; SPREAD; RISKS C1 [Palic, Dusan] Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. [Warg, Janet V.] USDA, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Work, Thierry M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Palic, D (reprint author), Univ Munich, Munich, Germany. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-1-118-82858-8; 978-0-8138-2411-6 PY 2016 BP 442 EP 457 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF8US UT WOS:000385235100035 ER PT J AU Bouska, KL Lindner, GA Paukert, CP Jacobson, RB AF Bouska, Kristen L. Lindner, Garth A. Paukert, Craig P. Jacobson, Robert B. TI Stakeholder-led science: engaging resource managers to identify science needs for long-term management of floodplain conservation lands SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE floodplain management; inundation; large rivers; Mississippi River Basin; nonstationarity ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEMS; EXAMPLE; MULTIFUNCTIONALITY; CONNECTIVITY; DISTURBANCE; ADAPTATION AB Floodplains pose challenges to managers of conservation lands because of constantly changing interactions with their rivers. Although scientific knowledge and understanding of the dynamics and drivers of river-floodplain systems can provide guidance to floodplain managers, the scientific process often occurs in isolation from management. Further, communication barriers between scientists and managers can be obstacles to appropriate application of scientific knowledge. With the coproduction of science in mind, our objectives were the following: (1) to document management priorities of floodplain conservation lands, and (2) identify science needs required to better manage the identified management priorities under nonstationary conditions, i.e., climate change, through stakeholder queries and interactions. We conducted an online survey with 80 resource managers of floodplain conservation lands along the Upper and Middle Mississippi River and Lower Missouri River, USA, to evaluate management priority, management intensity, and available scientific information for management objectives and conservation targets. Management objectives with the least information available relative to priority included controlling invasive species, maintaining respectful relationships with neighbors, and managing native, nongame species. Conservation targets with the least information available to manage relative to management priority included pollinators, marsh birds, reptiles, and shore birds. A follow-up workshop and survey focused on clarifying science needs to achieve management objectives under nonstationary conditions. Managers agreed that metrics of inundation, including depth and extent of inundation, and frequency, duration, and timing of inundation would be the most useful metrics for management of floodplain conservation lands with multiple objectives. This assessment provides guidance for developing relevant and accessible science products to inform management of highly dynamic floodplain environments. Although the problems facing managers of these lands are complex, products focused on a small suite of inundation metrics were determined to be the most useful to guide the decision making process. C1 [Bouska, Kristen L.; Lindner, Garth A.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Bouska, Kristen L.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Paukert, Craig P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Jacobson, Robert B.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. RP Bouska, KL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.; Bouska, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. OI Bouska, Kristen/0000-0002-4115-2313 FU Northeast Climate Science Center [G14AC00308]; University of Missouri Institutional Review Board [1213966]; Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute FX We acknowledge and thank the numerous resource managers who took the time to participate in the surveys and workshop. Our advisory team, Keith Goyne, Lisa Webb, David Galat, Kenneth Lubinski, provided helpful advice and guidance as we developed surveys and planned the workshop. We also thank Tom Bell and Frank Nelson for guidance they provided to this project. We appreciate Sonja Wilhelm Stanis for reviewing survey questions and Drew Fowler for taking notes at the project workshop. We thank the Missouri Department of Conservation for use of their facility at the August A. Busch Conservation Area for our workshop. We thank Lama BouFajreldin for early review of this manuscript. This work was funded by the Northeast Climate Science Center (Project number: G14AC00308). The survey was approved by the University of Missouri Institutional Review Board (Project #1213966). The Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 3 AR 12 DI 10.5751/ES-08620-210312 PG 36 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ3CB UT WOS:000385720400023 ER PT J AU Herman-Mercer, NM Matkin, E Laituri, MJ Toohey, RC Massey, M Elder, K Schuster, PF Mutter, EA AF Herman-Mercer, Nicole M. Matkin, Elli Laituri, Melinda J. Toohey, Ryan C. Massey, Maggie Elder, Kelly Schuster, Paul F. Mutter, Edda A. TI Changing times, changing stories: generational differences in climate change perspectives from four remote indigenous communities in Subarctic Alaska SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE Alaska; climate change; indigenous knowledge; observation; perception; Yukon River Basin ID BASE-LINE SYNDROME; PERMAFROST DEGRADATION; NORTHERN ALASKA; VULNERABILITY; TEMPERATURE; VARIABILITY; TECHNOLOGY; ADAPTATION; DIVISIONS; KNOWLEDGE AB Indigenous Arctic and Subarctic communities currently are facing a myriad of social and environmental changes. In response to these changes, studies concerning indigenous knowledge (IK) and climate change vulnerability, resiliency, and adaptation have increased dramatically in recent years. Risks to lives and livelihoods are often the focus of adaptation research; however, the cultural dimensions of climate change are equally important because cultural dimensions inform perceptions of risk. Furthermore, many Arctic and Subarctic IK climate change studies document observations of change and knowledge of the elders and older generations in a community, but few include the perspectives of the younger population. These observations by elders and older generations form a historical baseline record of weather and climate observations in these regions. However, many indigenous Arctic and Subarctic communities are composed of primarily younger residents. We focused on the differences in the cultural dimensions of climate change found between young adults and elders. We outlined the findings from interviews conducted in four indigenous communities in Subarctic Alaska. The findings revealed that (1) intergenerational observations of change were common among interview participants in all four communities, (2) older generations observed more overall change than younger generations interviewed by us, and (3) how change was perceived varied between generations. We defined "observations" as the specific examples of environmental and weather change that were described, whereas "perceptions" referred to the manner in which these observations of change were understood and contextualized by the interview participants. Understanding the differences in generational observations and perceptions of change are key issues in the development of climate change adaptation strategies. C1 [Herman-Mercer, Nicole M.; Schuster, Paul F.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Richmond, VA 23228 USA. [Matkin, Elli] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Laituri, Melinda J.] Colorado State Univ, Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Laituri, Melinda J.] Colorado State Univ, Geospatial Centroid, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Toohey, Ryan C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Richmond, VA 23228 USA. [Toohey, Ryan C.] Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Massey, Maggie; Mutter, Edda A.] Yukon River Intertribal Watershed Council, Sci Dept, Anchorage, AK USA. [Elder, Kelly] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Washington, DC USA. RP Herman-Mercer, NM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Richmond, VA 23228 USA. FU National Science Foundation [1118397]; USGS Water and Climate; Land Use Change Mission areas FX The authors would like to acknowledge the community members that participated in this study and thank them for taking time out of their busy lives to share their knowledge and experiences with us. We would also like to personally thank Cynthia Paniyak, Deborah Friday-Aguchuk, Victor Tonuchuk Jr., Tania Hunt, and Jay Hootch without the support of whom this project would not have been possible. The authors would also like to thank Julianne Fordyce, Eleanor Griffin, and the anonymous reviewers of this paper for their helpful comments. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the National Science Foundation (award number: 1118397), USGS Water and Climate and Land Use Change Mission areas for funding this research. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 3 AR 28 DI 10.5751/ES-08463-210328 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ3CB UT WOS:000385720400006 ER PT J AU Syphard, AD Butsic, V Bar-Massada, A Keeley, JE Tracey, JA Fisher, RN AF Syphard, Alexandra D. Butsic, Van Bar-Massada, Avi Keeley, Jon E. Tracey, Jeff A. Fisher, Robert N. TI Setting priorities for private land conservation in fire-prone landscapes: Are fire risk reduction and biodiversity conservation competing or compatible objectives? SO ECOLOGY AND SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE housing arrangement; reserve design; site selection; southern California; species richness; wildfire ID HUMAN-POPULATION DENSITY; SOUTH-EASTERN AUSTRALIA; WILDFIRE RISK; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA; ECOSYSTEMS; ECOLOGY; STRATEGIES; FREQUENCY; ECONOMICS AB Although wildfire plays an important role in maintaining biodiversity in many ecosystems, fire management to protect human assets is often carried out by different agencies than those tasked for conserving biodiversity. In fact, fire risk reduction and biodiversity conservation are often viewed as competing objectives. Here we explored the role of management through private land conservation and asked whether we could identify private land acquisition strategies that fulfill the mutual objectives of biodiversity conservation and fire risk reduction, or whether the maximization of one objective comes at a detriment to the other. Using a fixed budget and number of homes slated for development, we simulated 20 years of housing growth under alternative conservation selection strategies, and then projected the mean risk of fires destroying structures and the area and configuration of important habitat types in San Diego County, California, USA. We found clear differences in both fire risk projections and biodiversity impacts based on the way conservation lands are prioritized for selection, but these differences were split between two distinct groupings. If no conservation lands were purchased, or if purchases were prioritized based on cost or likelihood of development, both the projected fire risk and biodiversity impacts were much higher than if conservation lands were purchased in areas with high fire hazard or high species richness. Thus, conserving land focused on either of the two objectives resulted in nearly equivalent mutual benefits for both. These benefits not only resulted from preventing development in sensitive areas, but they were also due to the different housing patterns and arrangements that occurred as development was displaced from those areas. Although biodiversity conflicts may still arise using other fire management strategies, this study shows that mutual objectives can be attained through land-use planning in this region. These results likely generalize to any place where high species richness overlaps with hazardous wildland vegetation. C1 [Syphard, Alexandra D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Conservat Biol Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Butsic, Van] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Bar-Massada, Avi] Univ Haifa, Dept Biol & Environm, Qiryat Tivon, Israel. [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Sequoia Kings Canyon Field Stn, Three Rivers, CA USA. [Tracey, Jeff A.; Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA USA. RP Syphard, AD (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Conservat Biol Inst, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. FU USGS Ecosystems Mission Area; Wildfire Research Program FX We thank USGS Ecosystems Mission Area and the Wildfire Research Program for funding and project support. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU RESILIENCE ALLIANCE PI WOLFVILLE PA ACADIA UNIV, BIOLOGY DEPT, WOLFVILLE, NS B0P 1X0, CANADA SN 1708-3087 J9 ECOL SOC JI Ecol. Soc. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 3 AR 2 DI 10.5751/ES-08410-210302 PG 11 WC Ecology; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DZ3CB UT WOS:000385720400002 ER PT J AU Yin, RS Krabbenhoft, DP Bergquist, BA Zheng, W Lepak, RF Hurley, JP AF Yin, Runsheng Krabbenhoft, David P. Bergquist, Bridget A. Zheng, Wang Lepak, Ryan F. Hurley, James P. TI Effects of mercury and thallium concentrations on high precision determination of mercury isotopic composition by Neptune Plus multiple collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID MC-ICP-MS; HG ISOTOPES; DEPOSITS; RATIOS AB Thallium (Tl) has been widely used as an internal standard for mass bias correction during high precision mercury (Hg) isotope ratio measurements using multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (MC-ICP-MS). However, a recent study by Georg and Newman indicated the potential for Hg hydride formation (HgHx, x = 1, 2) during Hg isotope measurements using an X skimmer cone with a Neptune Plus MC-ICP-MS. Mercury hydride formation could result in an artificial change in Tl-205/Tl-203. Due to this observation, the applicability of using Tl as an internal standard for instrumental mass bias correction during high precision Hg isotope measurements has been questioned. In this study, using an adapted gas/liquid phase separator for Hg introduction and the NIST SRM 997 Tl standard for mass bias correction, mercury isotope measurements were performed using a Neptune Plus MC-ICP-MS. While we confirm Georg and Newman's observations, we show that Hg hydride formation is less important when Hg isotope measurements are conducted with high Tl and low Hg concentrations. With careful sample-standard bracketing (with Hg concentration matching within 10%), we demonstrate that measuring 20 to 50 ng mL(-1) of Tl and 0.5 to 3.0 ng mL(-1) of Hg, high precision Hg isotope ratio measurements are achievable. We caution researchers using other Hg inlet systems to recognize the importance of Hg and Tl concentrations and encourage the optimization of these values during their Hg isotope measurements. C1 [Yin, Runsheng] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Ore Deposit Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China. [Yin, Runsheng; Lepak, Ryan F.; Hurley, James P.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Mercury Res Lab, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Bergquist, Bridget A.] Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, 22 Russell St, Toronto, ON M5S 3B1, Canada. [Zheng, Wang] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hurley, James P.] Univ Wisconsin, Aquat Sci Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Yin, RS (reprint author), Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Geochem, State Key Lab Ore Deposit Geochem, Guiyang 550002, Peoples R China.; Yin, RS; Hurley, JP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Hurley, JP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Aquat Sci Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM yinrunsheng2002@163.com; jphurley@wisc.edu RI Yin, Runsheng/C-5972-2014 FU Natural Science Foundation of China [41303014] FX We thank Joel D. Blum (University of Michigan) for providing UM-Almaden standard solution and strengthening this manuscript. This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41303014). Four anonymous reviewers are acknowledged for their constructive comments that have largely improved the quality of this paper. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 0267-9477 EI 1364-5544 J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom. PY 2016 VL 31 IS 10 BP 2060 EP 2068 DI 10.1039/c6ja00107f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA DY8ES UT WOS:000385362200013 ER PT J AU Nestell, MK Wardlaw, BR Pope, JP AF Nestell, Merlynd K. Wardlaw, Bruce R. Pope, John P. TI A well-preserved conodont fauna from the Pennsylvanian Excello Shale of Iowa, U. S. A. SO MICROPALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MIDCONTINENT; APPARATUS; BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; ARCHITECTURE; LIMESTONE; TAXONOMY; ILLINOIS; BASIN AB A superbly preserved discrete element conodont fauna has been recovered from carbonate concretions from the upper Desmoinesian (Pennsylvanian) Excello Shale at two localities in south-central Iowa. The multielement apparatuses for Gondolella wardlawi (new species), Idiognathodus acutus, Idioprioniodus conjunctus, and Neognathodus roundyi are reconstructed. Rare specimens of Idiognathodus tuberis (new species) also occur in the fauna. C1 [Nestell, Merlynd K.] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [Wardlaw, Bruce R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Pope, John P.] Northwest Missouri State Univ, Dept Nat Sci, Maryville, MO 64468 USA. RP Nestell, MK (reprint author), Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. EM nestell@uta.edu; jppope@nwmissouri.edu NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MICRO PRESS PI FLUSHING PA 6530 KISSENA BLVD, FLUSHING, NY 11367 USA SN 0026-2803 EI 1937-2795 J9 MICROPALEONTOLOGY JI Micropaleontology PY 2016 VL 62 IS 2 BP 93 EP 114 PG 22 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DZ0MC UT WOS:000385532800001 ER PT J AU Schultz, AA Bonar, SA AF Schultz, Andrew A. Bonar, Scott A. TI Spawning and Hatching of Endangered Gila Chub in Captivity SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID CULTURE; BONYTAIL AB Information on reproductive characteristics of the endangered Gila Chub Gila intermedia is largely limited and qualitative, and culture techniques and requirements are virtually unknown. Here we provide the first published data on spawning and selected reproductive and developmental characteristics of Gila Chub. Fish were brought to the laboratory in March 2003 from Sabino Creek, Arizona (12.3 degrees C). Fish were then warmed slowly and spawned at 14.9 degrees C, 10 d after collection. Following this initial spawning, Gila Chub spawned consistently in the laboratory without hormonal, chemical, photoperiod, temperature, or substrate manipulation during all times of the year. Spawns were noted at temperatures ranging from about 15 degrees C to 26 degrees C; however, we noted that Gila Chub spawned less frequently at temperatures above 24 degrees C. Multiple spawning attempts per year per individual are probable. There was a strong, inverse relationship between time to hatch and incubation temperature. The hatch rate of eggs was high (mean = 99.43%), and larval Gila Chub accepted a variety of natural and formulated diets at first feeding. The future of Gila Chub may someday depend in part on hatchery propagation to provide specimens for restocking formerly occupied habitats and establishing refuge populations. Information from our study can aid future efforts to successfully spawn and rear Gila Chub and related species. C1 [Schultz, Andrew A.; Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Schultz, Andrew A.] US Bur Reclamat, Bay Delta Off, 801 1 St,Suite 140, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. RP Schultz, AA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Schultz, AA (reprint author), US Bur Reclamat, Bay Delta Off, 801 1 St,Suite 140, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA. EM aschultz@usbr.gov FU AGFD Heritage Fund; Central Arizona Project Transfer Fund; UA; USGS/ACFWRU FX We thank staff at the Arizona Game and Fish Department (AGFD); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Reclamation (BOR); New Mexico Game and Fish Department, Bureau of Land Management (BLM); and Arizona Sonora Desert Museum (ASDM). We thank the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and staff associated with the USFS Santa Catalina Ranger District. Special thanks to Jeff Simms of BLM and Craig Ivanyi and Ken Wintin of ASDM. Special thanks to Courtney Conway, Kevin Fitzsimmons, Peter Reinthal, and Cecil Schwalbe for their guidance and support. We thank all students, staff, and faculty at the University of Arizona (UA) and the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Arizona Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (ACFWRU) who assisted in any respect during this study. We thank Roger Sorensen and Kirk Young of AGFD and Rene Reyes of BOR for their reviews. Listed affiliations are those during the time period of the study. This project was funded by the AGFD Heritage Fund, the Central Arizona Project Transfer Fund, the UA, and the USGS/ACFWRU. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the USGS or ACFWRU. The mention of specific products does not constitute endorsement by any agency or employee thereof. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2016 VL 78 IS 4 BP 279 EP 283 DI 10.1080/15222055.2016.1167798 PG 5 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DZ1WO UT WOS:000385632600001 ER PT J AU Hanson, KC Twibell, RG Glenn, RA Barron, JM Gannam, AL AF Hanson, Kyle C. Twibell, Ronald G. Glenn, Richard A. Barron, James M. Gannam, Ann L. TI The Effects of a Transition Diet on the Smoltification of Chinook Salmon SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID PARR-SMOLT TRANSFORMATION; K+ ATPASE ACTIVITY; GAIRDNERI RICHARDSON; STEELHEAD TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; LIPID-METABOLISM; GILL; MIGRATION; SURVIVAL; CHLORIDE AB Transition diets, often supplemented with salt and other additives, have been used to prepare Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. being moved directly from freshwater to saltwater net pens for aquaculture production. However, the use of transition diets to prepare hatchery-reared salmon released into freshwater prior to out-migration to the ocean has shown mixed results. We compared the physiological (size, condition factor, Na+, K+-ATPase [NKA] enzyme activity, survival during a saltwater challenge) and nutritional (proximate composition, fatty acid profile) condition of juvenile Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha that were fed either a standard hatchery feed or a commercially available transition diet for the final 6 weeks of hatchery rearing to determine whether the transition diet altered smolt condition. At release, NKA activity of fish fed the transition diet was higher than that of fish fed the control diet, though survival during a saltwater challenge was similar between groups. Differences were seen in the proximate composition of the fish, with increased total body moisture and decreased lipid in the fish fed the transition diet relative to fish fed the control diet. Whole-body fatty acid composition of fish was similar to the fatty acid composition of the feeds in both groups, though some key whole-body fatty acids did not follow this trend. Palmitic acid (16: 0), linoleic acid (18:2[n-6]), eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5[n-3]), and docosahexaenoic acid (22: 6[n-3]) varied between prefeeding trial samples and fish fed the two diets. Further research is required to determine whether the physiological changes that occurred are related to smoltification or the maintenance of osmotic balance while fish are fed additional salt. C1 [Hanson, Kyle C.; Twibell, Ronald G.; Glenn, Richard A.; Barron, James M.; Gannam, Ann L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Appl Res Program Physiol & Nutr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. RP Hanson, KC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Appl Res Program Physiol & Nutr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. EM kyle_hanson@fws.gov FU Makah NFH; Abernathy Fish Technology Center FX The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Data collection and reporting for this study was funded by the Makah NFH and Abernathy Fish Technology Center. We thank Roger Sorensen and the Makah NFH staff for rearing fish and conducting saltwater challenges. We also thank Judith Gordon for reviewing an earlier version of this manuscript. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2016 VL 78 IS 4 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1080/15222055.2016.1185064 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DZ1WO UT WOS:000385632600005 ER PT J AU Fetherman, ER Wardell, JA Praamsma, CJ Hura, MK AF Fetherman, Eric R. Wardell, Jonathan A. Praamsma, Chris J. Hura, Marta K. TI Critical Dissolved Oxygen Tolerances of Whirling Disease-Resistant Rainbow Trout SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID SALMO-GAIRDNERI; MYXOBOLUS-CEREBRALIS; PHYSIOLOGICAL PERFORMANCE; SUSCEPTIBLE STRAINS; HYPOXIA TOLERANCE; CHINOOK SALMON; FISHES; REQUIREMENTS; STRESS; CONSUMPTION AB A low concentration of dissolved oxygen (DO) is commonly the limiting factor in fish culture systems. Hypoxia tolerance in Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss can be affected by both history of domestication and growth rate. As such, selecting strains for specific characteristics such as growth rate or disease resistance could potentially affect DO tolerance, making culture difficult. Here we used two experiments to examine the differences in tolerance to lower DO concentrations among four Rainbow Trout strains and crosses selected for resistance to whirling disease Myxobolus cerebralis. The first experiment examined differences in critical DO concentrations of fry (>= 73 mm total length [TL]) when exposed to rapid decreases in DO at 30, 60, 90, and 120 d postswim-up. In addition, since formalin is a common chemical used in aquaculture to treat for external parasites, the effect of exposure to formalin on tolerance to low DO was evaluated. The second experiment evaluated critical DO concentrations among four strains and crosses exposed to a prolonged decrease in DO at age 7 months (averaging 178 mm TL). Formalin exposure had an effect on low-DO tolerance, with DO concentrations that resulted in a loss of equilibrium decreasing with an increase in formalin concentration. In addition, low-DO tolerances were diminished with an increase in fish size, with larger fish losing equilibrium at higher DO concentrations. Differences in DO concentrations resulting in loss of equilibrium and mortality were evident among the strains and crosses in the second experiment. This experiment demonstrated that DO concentrations must be below 2.0 mg/L before loss of equilibrium is observed. However, if fish are soon returned to well-oxygenated water, losses can be minimized. Additionally, other hatchery practices that compromise hypoxia tolerance may increase mortality more quickly following low-DO exposure, and care should be taken to correct low-DO issues shortly after loss of equilibrium is observed. C1 [Fetherman, Eric R.; Hura, Marta K.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Wardell, Jonathan A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 427 Lakeview Dr, Orangeburg, SC 29115 USA. [Praamsma, Chris J.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Bellvue Fish Res Hatchery, 5500 West Cty Rd 50C, Bellvue, CO 80512 USA. RP Fetherman, ER (reprint author), Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. EM eric.fetherman@state.co.us FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife; Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit at Colorado State University; Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration program [F-394R] FX This work was sponsored in part by Colorado Parks and Wildlife and the Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit at Colorado State University, and funding was provided in part by the Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration program, Project F-394R. We thank J. Anderson, T. Davis, B. Neuschwanger, and G. Schisler for technical assistance and rearing of the Rainbow Trout strains and crosses used in this experiment. We also thank S. Brinkman for his help in rearing fish, providing technical assistance and advice, and providing the lab space and equipment for conducting the DO and formalin interaction experiment. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Colorado State University IACUC protocol 13-4000A. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2016 VL 78 IS 4 BP 366 EP 373 DI 10.1080/15222055.2016.1201556 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DZ1WO UT WOS:000385632600012 ER PT J AU Weems, RE Tanner, LH Lucas, SG AF Weems, Robert E. Tanner, Lawrence H. Lucas, Spencer G. TI Synthesis and revision of the lithostratigraphic groups and formations in the Upper Permian?-Lower Jurassic Newark Supergroup of eastern North America SO STRATIGRAPHY LA English DT Article ID FUNDY RIFT BASIN; MCCOY BROOK FORMATION; UNITED-STATES; NOVA-SCOTIA; TETRAPOD BIOSTRATIGRAPHY; STRATIGRAPHIC RECORD; IRIDIUM ENRICHMENT; BLOMIDON FORMATION; COLORADO PLATEAU; TECTONIC HISTORY AB The Upper Permian? - Lower Jurassic Newark Supergroup of eastern North America has a strikingly uniform succession of lithologic units. This uniformity is seen regardless of whether these units are characterized on the basis of their lithostratigraphy, allostratigraphy, biostratigraphy, or chemostratigraphy. After deposition, these units were broken up tectonically and attacked erosionally; parts of them survive today only within localized, down-faulted areas. Many lines of evidence compellingly demonstrate that most or all of these remnant units once were physically continuous between remaining outcrops. It is needlessly confusing to give every remnant of each unit a different name in each area where it persists simply because it is now physically isolated by erosion from other portions of the same unit. Instead, these units should be defined within a regional lithostratigraphic framework that emphasizes their common origins and original stratigraphic continuity. To this end, the formation-level stratigraphy of the Newark Supergroup is reduced from 58 locally applied and locally defined formations to a succession of only 16 uniformly defined and regionally recognizable formations. In all cases the oldest name validly applied to each formation is given priority over more recently erected synonymous names, which are either abandoned or, in a few cases, changed in rank to a member of one of the formations recognized here. The Newark Supergroup is here organized into four regionally recognizable groups, each subdivided into regionally recognizable formations. In ascending order, the Upper Permian?-Middle Triassic Acadia Group (new name) includes the Honeycomb Point Formation, Chedabucto Formation, Economy Formation, and Evangeline Formation. This group is preserved only in the Canadian Fundy and Chedabucto basins. The Upper Triassic (Carnian-Norian) Chatham Group includes the Doswell Formation, Stockton Formation, Lockatong Formation, and Passaic Formation. The Upper Triassic-Lower Jurassic (upper Rhaetian-lower Hettangian) Meriden Group includes the Talcott Formation, Shuttle Meadow Formation, Holyoke Formation, East Berlin Formation, and Hampden Formation. The term "Agawam Group," previously proposed to encompass all Newark Supergroup strata above the highest basalt of the Meriden Group, is here abandoned and replaced with the name "Portland Group" for the same suite of strata. The Lower Jurassic (upper Hettangian-lower Sinemurian) Portland Group includes a lower Boonton Formation, an overlying Longmeadow Sandstone (here reinstated), and the Mount Toby Conglomerate, which laterally intertongues with both the Boonton Formation and the Longmeadow Sandstone. C1 [Weems, Robert E.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. [Tanner, Lawrence H.] Le Moyne Coll, Dept Biol Sci, 1419 Salt Springs Rd, Syracuse, NY 13214 USA. [Lucas, Spencer G.] New Mexico Museum Nat Hist & Sci, 1801 Mt Rd NW, Albuquerque, NM 87104 USA. RP Weems, RE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. EM rweems@usgs.gov NR 133 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MICRO PRESS PI FLUSHING PA 6530 KISSENA BLVD, FLUSHING, NY 11367 USA SN 1547-139X J9 STRATIGRAPHY JI Stratigraphy PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 BP 111 EP 153 PG 43 WC Geology; Paleontology SC Geology; Paleontology GA DZ0NK UT WOS:000385536800003 ER PT J AU Haughey, CL Sage, GK DeGange, GR Sonsthagen, SA Talbot, SL AF Haughey, Christy L. Sage, George K. DeGange, Gabriel R. Sonsthagen, Sarah A. Talbot, Sandra L. TI Development of novel microsatellite markers for the Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) and their utility in cross-species amplification SO AVIAN BIOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Accipiter gentilis; cooperii; striatus; microsatellites ID GENETIC-STRUCTURE; IDENTIFICATION; POPULATIONS; PATERNITY; UTAH; NEST AB The Northern Goshawk (Accipiter gentilis) is a large forest raptor with a Holarctic distribution and, in some portions of its range, a species of conservation concern. To augment previously reported genetic markers, 13 novel polymorphic microsatellite markers were developed to establish individual identification and familial relationships, to assess levels of genetic diversity, and to identify diagnostic markers. Of the 22 loci tested, 13 were polymorphic, seven were monomorphic, and two failed to amplify. This suite of microsatellite loci yielded a combined probability of parental exclusion of 98%; a single individual sampled from a North American population can be reliably identified using a combination of seven of the 13 polymorphic loci. Cross-species screening in Cooper's Hawks (A. cooperii) and Sharp-shinned Hawks (A. striatus) of the 20 loci that successfully amplified in Northern Goshawks identified 13 loci as polymorphic in each species. Six of these loci (Age1303, Age1308, Age1309, Age1312, and Agel 314) appeared to be useful in distinguishing between Accipiter species. These markers will be useful to researchers investigating populations of North American accipiters. C1 [Haughey, Christy L.; Sage, George K.; DeGange, Gabriel R.; Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; Talbot, Sandra L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Haughey, CL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM chaughey@usgs.gov NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD PI ST ALBANS PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND SN 1758-1559 EI 1758-1567 J9 AVIAN BIOL RES JI Avian Biol. Res. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 3 BP 195 EP 199 DI 10.3184/175815516X14667737479433 PG 5 WC Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science; Ornithology; Zoology SC Agriculture; Zoology GA DX8HT UT WOS:000384629400008 ER PT J AU Johnson, JH Abbett, R Chalupnicki, MA Verdoliva, F AF Johnson, James H. Abbett, Ross Chalupnicki, Marc A. Verdoliva, Francis TI Seasonal habitat use of brook trout and juvenile steelhead in a Lake Ontario tributary SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Salvelinus fontinalis; Oncorhynchus mykiss; stream habitat; habitat preference ID INTRODUCED RAINBOW-TROUT; MICROHABITAT SELECTION; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; SALMO-GAIRDNERI; UNITED-STATES; BROWN TROUT; STREAM; POPULATIONS; GROWTH; PENNSYLVANIA AB Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) are generally restricted to headwaters in New York tributaries of Lake Ontario. In only a few streams are brook trout abundant in lower stream reaches that are accessible to adult Pacific salmonids migrating from the lake. Consequently, because of the rarity of native brook trout populations in these lower stream reaches it is important to understand how they use stream habitat in sympatry with juvenile Pacific salmonids which are now naturalized in several Lake Ontario tributaries. In this study, we examined the seasonal (spring, summer, and fall) habitat use of brook trout and juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Hart Brook, a tributary of eastern Lake Ontario. We found interspecific, intraspecific, and seasonal variation in habitat use. Subyearling steelhead were associated with faster water velocities than subyearling brook trout and, overall, had the least habitat similarity to the other salmonid groups examined. Overyearling brook trout and yearling steelhead exhibited the greatest degree of habitat selection and habitat selection by all four salmonid groups was greatest in summer. The availability of pool habitat for overyearling salmonids may pose the largest impediment to these species in Hart Brook. C1 [Johnson, James H.; Abbett, Ross; Chalupnicki, Marc A.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. [Verdoliva, Francis] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, Altmar, NY 13302 USA. RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0270-5060 EI 2156-6941 J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL JI J. Freshw. Ecol. PY 2016 VL 31 IS 2 BP 239 EP 249 DI 10.1080/02705060.2015.1123655 PG 11 WC Ecology; Limnology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DX3JU UT WOS:000384270200008 ER PT J AU Klein, ZB Quist, MC Rhea, DT Senecal, AC AF Klein, Zachary B. Quist, Michael C. Rhea, Darren T. Senecal, Anna C. TI Population Characteristics and the Suppression of Nonnative Burbot SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID LOTA-LOTA; COLORADO RIVER; PSEUDORASBORA-PARVA; LAKE-SUPERIOR; FISH RECOVERY; COMMON CARP; CATCH-CURVE; GROWTH; BIOLOGY; FOOD AB Burbot Lota lota were illegally introduced into the Green River, Wyoming, drainage and have since proliferated throughout the system. Burbot in the Green River pose a threat to native species and to socially, economically, and ecologically important recreational fisheries. Therefore, managers of the Green River are interested in implementing a suppression program for Burbot. We collected demographic data on Burbot in the Green River (summer and autumn 2013) and used the information to construct an age-based population model (female-based Leslie matrix) to simulate the population-level response of Burbot to the selective removal of different age-classes. Burbot in the Green River grew faster, matured at relatively young ages, and were highly fecund compared with other Burbot populations within the species' native distribution. The age-structured population model, in conjunction with demographic information, indicated that the Burbot population in the Green River could be expected to increase under current conditions. The model also indicated that the Burbot population in the Green River would decline once total annual mortality reached 58%. The population growth of Burbot in the Green River was most sensitive to age-0 and age-1 mortality. The age-structured population model indicated that an increase in mortality, particularly for younger age-classes, would result in the effective suppression of the Burbot population in the Green River. C1 [Klein, Zachary B.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr,Mail Stop 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 875 Perimeter Dr,Mail Stop 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Rhea, Darren T.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, 432 East Mill St, Pinedale, WY 82941 USA. [Senecal, Anna C.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, 351 Astle Rd, Green River, WY 82935 USA. RP Klein, ZB (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr,Mail Stop 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM klei7686@vandals.uidaho.edu FU Wyoming Game and Fish Department; U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; U.S. Geological Survey; University of Idaho; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank J. Johnson and S. Opitz for assistance with field work. We also thank R. Keith, T. Neebling, H. Sexauer, and M. Smith of Wyoming Game and Fish Department for their assistance with planning and implementing field research. M. Terrazas helped with age estimation. E. Buzbas, E. Ng, M. Smith, F. Wilhelm, and four anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on a previous version of the manuscript. Funding for the project was provided by Wyoming Game and Fish Department. Additional support was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. The Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Idaho, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Wildlife Management Institute. This project was conducted under the University of Idaho Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol 2011-33. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 72 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1006 EP 1017 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1173137 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700005 ER PT J AU Larson, JH McCalla, SG Chapman, DC Rees, C Knights, BC Vallazza, JM George, AE Richardson, WB Amberg, J AF Larson, James H. McCalla, S. Grace Chapman, Duane C. Rees, Christopher Knights, Brent C. Vallazza, Jon M. George, Amy E. Richardson, William B. Amberg, Jon TI Genetic Analysis Shows that Morphology Alone Cannot Distinguish Asian Carp Eggs from Those of Other Cyprinid Species SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID DNA; FORMALIN; FIXATION; BARCODE AB Fish eggs and embryos (hereafter collectively referred to as "eggs") were collected in the upper Mississippi River main stem (similar to 300 km upstream of previously reported spawning by invasive Asian carp) during summer 2013. Based on previously published morphological characteristics, the eggs were identified as belonging to Asian carp. A subsample of the eggs was subsequently analyzed by using molecular methods to determine species identity. Genetic identification using the cytochrome-c oxidase 1 gene was attempted for a total of 41 eggs. Due to the preservation technique used (formalin) and the resulting DNA degradation, sequences were recovered from only 17 individual eggs. In all 17 cases, cyprinids other than Asian carp (usually Notropis sp.) were identified as the most likely species. In previously published reports, a key characteristic that distinguished Asian carp eggs from those of other cyprinids was size: Asian carp eggs exhibited diameters ranging from 4.0 to 6.0 mm and were thought to be much larger than the otherwise similar eggs of native species. Eggs from endemic cyprinids were believed to rarely reach 3.0 mm and had not been observed to exceed 3.3 mm. However, many of the eggs that were genetically identified as originating from native cyprinids were as large as 4.0 mm in diameter (at early developmental stages) and were therefore large enough to overlap with the lower end of the size range observed for Asian carp eggs. Researchers studying the egg stages of Asian carp and other cyprinids should plan on preserving subsets of eggs for genetic analysis to confirm morphological identifications. C1 [Larson, James H.; McCalla, S. Grace; Rees, Christopher; Knights, Brent C.; Vallazza, Jon M.; Richardson, William B.; Amberg, Jon] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Chapman, Duane C.; George, Amy E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Larson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. EM jhlarson@usgs.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1053 EP 1058 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1185057 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700010 ER PT J AU Johnson, NS Swink, WD Dawson, HA Jones, ML AF Johnson, Nicholas S. Swink, William D. Dawson, Heather A. Jones, Michael L. TI Effects of Coded-Wire-Tagging on Stream-Dwelling Sea Lamprey Larvae SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS POPULATIONS; GREAT-LAKES; WATER TEMPERATURE; CHINOOK SALMON; METAMORPHOSIS; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; LENGTH; TAGS; HURON AB The effects of coded wire tagging Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus larvae from a known-aged stream-dwelling population were assessed. Tagged larvae were significantly shorter on average than untagged larvae from 3 to 18 months after tagging. However, 30 months after tagging, the length distribution of tagged and untagged larvae did not differ and tagged Sea Lampreys were in better condition (i.e., higher condition factor) and more likely to have undergone metamorphosis than the untagged population. The reason why tagged larvae were more likely to metamorphose is not clear, but the increased likelihood of metamorphosis could have been a compensatory response to the period of slower growth after tagging. Slower growth after tagging was consistent across larval size-classes, so handling and displacement from quality habitat during the early part of the growing season was likely the cause rather than the tag burden. The tag effects observed in this study, if caused by displacement and handling, may be minimized in future studies if tagging is conducted during autumn after growth has concluded for the year. C1 [Johnson, Nicholas S.; Swink, William D.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Dawson, Heather A.; Jones, Michael L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Dawson, Heather A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biol, 264 Murchie Sci Bldg, Flint, MI 48502 USA. RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM njohnson@usgs.gov NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1059 EP 1067 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1185058 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700011 ER PT J AU Kerns, JA Rogers, MW Bunnell, DB Claramunt, RM Collingsworth, PD AF Kerns, Janice A. Rogers, Mark W. Bunnell, David B. Claramunt, Randall M. Collingsworth, Paris D. TI Comparing Life History Characteristics of Lake Michigan's Naturalized and Stocked Chinook Salmon SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; SPAWNING DISTRIBUTION; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; YAKIMA RIVER; COHO SALMON; EGG SIZE; HATCHERY; WILD; SELECTION AB Lake Michigan supports popular fisheries for Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha that have been sustained by stocking since the late 1960s. Natural recruitment of Chinook Salmon in Lake Michigan has increased in the past few decades and currently contributes more than 50% of Chinook Salmon recruits. We hypothesized that selective forces differ for naturalized populations born in the wild and hatchery populations, resulting in divergent life history characteristics with implications for Chinook Salmon population production and the Lake Michigan fishery. First, we conducted a historical analysis to determine if life history characteristics changed through time as the Chinook Salmon population became increasingly naturalized. Next, we conducted a 2-year field study of naturalized and hatchery stocked Chinook Salmon spawning populations to quantify differences in fecundity, egg size, timing of spawning, and size at maturity. In general, our results did not indicate significant life history divergence between naturalized and hatchery-stocked Chinook Salmon populations in Lake Michigan. Although historical changes in adult sex ratio were correlated with the proportion of naturalized individuals, changes in weight at maturity were better explained by density-dependent factors. The field study revealed no divergence in fecundity, timing of spawning, or size at maturity, and only small differences in egg size (hatchery > naturalized). For the near future, our results suggest that the limited life history differences observed between Chinook Salmon of naturalized and hatchery origin will not lead to large differences in characteristics important to the dynamics of the population or fishery. C1 [Kerns, Janice A.; Rogers, Mark W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA. [Bunnell, David B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Claramunt, Randall M.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Charlevoix Fisheries Res Stn, 96 Grant St, Charlevoix, MI 49720 USA. [Collingsworth, Paris D.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 715 West State St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Kerns, Janice A.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fisheries Res Unit, Fisheries Anal Ctr, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Rogers, Mark W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Campus Box 5114, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. RP Kerns, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.; Kerns, JA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fisheries Res Unit, Fisheries Anal Ctr, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. EM jkerns@uwsp.edu FU Great Lakes Fisheries Trust [2011.1198] FX We thank Jean Adams for statistical assistance, Patrick O'Neill for assistance in processing scales samples, John Clevenger for assistance in historical weir data collection, and the various MDNR personnel at hatcheries and weirs who assisted in data collection. This project was funded by the Great Lakes Fisheries Trust, Grant 2011.1198. This article is contribution 2052 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1106 EP 1118 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1204392 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700016 ER PT J AU Bravener, G Twohey, M AF Bravener, Gale Twohey, Michael TI Evaluation of a Sterile-Male Release Technique: A Case Study of Invasive Sea Lamprey Control in a Tributary of the Laurentian Great Lakes SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ST-MARYS RIVER; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; DNA-DAMAGE; MANAGEMENT; SUCCESS; POPULATIONS; SCREWWORM; PROGRAM; HURON; STERILIZATION AB Invasive species can have detrimental impacts on native species and ecosystem services for humans. A technique that involves sterilization and release of males into wild populations of the same species can be useful in the control of invasive or pest species. Asterile-male release technique (SMRT) was used on a novel vertebrate system, the invasive Sea Lamprey Petromyzon marinus in the Great Lakes, in an attempt to control population size. Sea Lamprey populations in the Great Lakes have been suppressed since the 1950s by (1) pesticide applications to kill larvae in streams and (2) barriers to block upstream spawning migrations. Here, we present a literature review and meta-analysis of the SMRT by using a case study from the St. Marys River, where the SMRT was applied as an experimental method of Sea Lamprey control from 1991 to 2011. Observations obtained from the St. Marys River during and after SMRT application were used to evaluate whether the SMRT was effective at suppressing reproduction. Males were successfully sterilized and exhibited normal mating behaviors. The survival of embryos in nests was lower during the years when the SMRTwas applied (32%) than during the post-SMRT period (67%). The overall distribution of embryo viability in the river shifted after the SMRT was applied. During the SMRT application period, the observed ratios of sterile males to normal (fertile) males on nests were significantly different than expected, possibly due to an underestimation of adult Sea Lamprey abundance in the St. Marys River. Even at lower sterile male : normal male ratios, the number of viable embryos produced would have declined, but the level of reproductive suppression required to overcome recruitment variability was unclear. We discuss the effectiveness of the SMRT as it pertains to the Sea Lamprey, and we highlight difficulties in data interpretation and provide future direction for similar control programs. C1 [Bravener, Gale] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. [Twohey, Michael] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marquette Biol Stn, 3090 Wright St, Marquette, MI 49855 USA. RP Bravener, G (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada. EM gale.bravener@dfo-mpo.gc.ca NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1125 EP 1138 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1204389 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700018 ER PT J AU Simpson, WG Peterson, DP Steinke, K AF Simpson, William G. Peterson, Douglas P. Steinke, Kurt TI Effect of Waveform and Voltage Gradient on the Survival of Electroshocked Steelhead Embryos and Larvae SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID INDUCED MORTALITY; FISHING GEAR; TROUT; CALIFORNIA; BARRIER; FISHES; SALMON AB Electrofishing is commonly used to monitor fish populations and to control nuisance or invasive fishes. These applications typically focus on juvenile and adult fish, and comparatively less is known about how early developmental stages of fish are affected by electroshock. We examined the survival of hatchery steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss embryos and larvae exposed to three waveforms often emitted by commercially available electrofishing equipment-AC, square pulsed DC (PDC), and half-sine-wave PDC-at different voltage gradients across six developmental stages. There was a strong negative relationship between voltage gradient and survival of steelhead embryos and larvae. Fish were most resistant to electroshock after embryonic pigmentation had occurred (93% mean survival at 4.5 V/cm) until their sensitivity again increased at the swim-up larval stage (32% mean survival at 2.5 V/cm). The greater survival of embryonic and alevin steelhead exposed to half-sine-wave PDC (42% mean survival at a peak voltage gradient of 2.5 V/cm) compared with square PDC and AC (8% mean embryonic survival at 2.5 V/cm) suggested that root mean square voltage gradient is a stronger determinant of mortality than are peak voltage gradient or alternating polarity. The AC waveforms were more deadly to swim-up larvae than were other waveforms, so the mechanism by which electroshock kills this life stage is probably different than the mechanism that kills steelhead during earlier developmental stages. The results of this study have direct implications to electrofishing in environments where some sympatrically occurring species and developmental stages are not the intended target for electroshock. Accordingly, we offer some simple suggestions for how waveforms can be manipulated to limit, or increase, the mortality of fishes where electrofishing is used as a management or conservation tool. C1 [Simpson, William G.; Peterson, Douglas P.; Steinke, Kurt] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. RP Simpson, WG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. EM william_simpson@fws.gov NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1149 EP 1155 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1185059 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700020 ER PT J AU Stewart, DR Long, JM Shoup, DE AF Stewart, David R. Long, James M. Shoup, Daniel E. TI Simulation Modeling to Explore the Effects of Length-Based Harvest Regulations for Ictalurus Fisheries SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID TROPHY LARGEMOUTH BASS; CHANNEL CATFISH; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; BLUE CATFISH; MANAGEMENT; MORTALITY; FISH; RESERVOIR; LIMITS; STOCK AB Management of Blue Catfish Ictalurus furcatus and Channel Catfish I. punctatus for trophy production has recently become more common. Typically, trophy management is attempted with length-based regulations that allow for the moderate harvest of small fish but restrict the harvest of larger fish. However, the specific regulations used vary considerably across populations, and no modeling efforts have evaluated their effectiveness. We used simulation modeling to compare total yield, trophy biomass (B-trophy), and sustainability (spawning potential ratio [SPR] > 0.30) of Blue Catfish and Channel Catfish populations under three scenarios: (1) current regulation (typically a length-based trophy regulation), (2) the best-performing minimum length regulation (MLRbest), and (3) the best-performing length-based trophy catfish regulation (LTRbest; "best performing" was defined as the regulation that maximized yield, B-trophy, and sustainability). The B-trophy produced did not differ among the three scenarios. For each fishery, the MLRbest and LTRbest produced greater yield (>22% more) than the current regulation and maintained sustainability at higher finite exploitation rates (>0.30) than the current regulation. The MLRbest and LTRbest produced similar yields and SPRs for Channel Catfish and similar yields for Blue Catfish; however, the MLRbest for Blue Catfish produced more resilient fisheries (higher SPR) than the LTRbest. Overall, the variation in yield, B-trophy, and SPR among populations was greater than the variation among regulations applied to any given population, suggesting that population-specific regulations may be preferable to regulations applied to geographic regions. We conclude that LTRs are useful for improving catfish yield and maintaining sustainability without overly restricting harvest but are not effective at increasing the B-trophy of catfish. C1 [Stewart, David R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Sci, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Shoup, Daniel E.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 008c Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Stewart, DR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Sci, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. EM david_stewart@fws.gov FU Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (the U.S. Geological Survey); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma State University); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Wildlife Management Institute); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) FX We thank Steve Miranda for constructive comments that improved this manuscript. Financial support for this publication was provided by Oklahoma State University and the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (the U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma State University, Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, Wildlife Management Institute, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service cooperating). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 5 BP 1190 EP 1204 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1204391 PG 15 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DX4AB UT WOS:000384318700024 ER PT B AU Keeley, JE Safford, HD AF Keeley, Jon E. Safford, Hugh D. BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Fire as an Ecosystem Process SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; MIXED-CONIFER FORESTS; SIERRA-NEVADA; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BURN SEVERITY; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; CARBON STORAGE; FUEL BREAKS; VEGETATION C1 [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. [Safford, Hugh D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. RP Keeley, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA. NR 144 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 27 EP 45 PG 19 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800003 ER PT B AU Cloern, JE Barnard, PL Beller, E Callaway, JC Grenier, JL Grosholz, ED Grossinger, R Hieb, K Hollibaugh, JT Knowles, N Sutula, M Veloz, S Wasson, K Whipple, A AF Cloern, James E. Barnard, Patrick L. Beller, Erin Callaway, John C. Grenier, J. Letitia Grosholz, Edwin D. Grossinger, Robin Hieb, Kathryn Hollibaugh, James T. Knowles, Noah Sutula, Martha Veloz, Samuel Wasson, Kerstin Whipple, Alison BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Estuaries Life on the Edge SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA ESTUARY; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORTH-AMERICA; VARIABILITY; FISH; ECOSYSTEMS; COAST C1 [Cloern, James E.; Knowles, Noah] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Barnard, Patrick L.] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA. [Beller, Erin; Grenier, J. Letitia; Grossinger, Robin; Whipple, Alison] San Francisco Estuary Inst, Richmond, CA USA. [Callaway, John C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Grosholz, Edwin D.] Univ Calif, Davis, CA USA. [Hieb, Kathryn] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Stockton, CA USA. [Hollibaugh, James T.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sutula, Martha] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Proect, Costa Mesa, CA USA. [Veloz, Samuel] Point Blue Conservat Sci, Petaluma, CA USA. [Wasson, Kerstin] Elkhorn Slough Natl Estuarine Res Reserve, Royal Oaks, CA USA. RP Cloern, JE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. NR 127 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 359 EP 387 PG 29 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800019 ER PT B AU Parker, VT Pratt, RB Keeley, JE AF Parker, V. Thomas Pratt, R. Brandon Keeley, Jon E. BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Chaparral SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID COASTAL SAGE-SCRUB; WATER-STRESS TOLERANCE; INDUCED AGE GRADIENT; LIFE-HISTORY TYPE; MEDITERRANEAN WOODY-PLANTS; LEAF-LITTER DECOMPOSITION; PINUS-MURICATA SEEDLINGS; SAN-BERNARDINO MOUNTAINS; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; ADENOSTOMA-FASCICULATUM C1 [Parker, V. Thomas] San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Pratt, R. Brandon] Calif State Univ, Bakersfield, CA USA. [Keeley, Jon E.] US Geol Survey, Three Rivers, CA USA. RP Parker, VT (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. NR 273 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 18 U2 18 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 479 EP 507 PG 29 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800024 ER PT B AU North, M Collins, B Safford, H Stephenson, NL AF North, Malcolm Collins, Brandon Safford, Hugh Stephenson, Nathan L. BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Montane Forests SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID MIXED-CONIFER FOREST; NORTHERN FLYING SQUIRRELS; YOSEMITE-NATIONAL-PARK; FUEL-REDUCTION TREATMENTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; LAKE TAHOE BASIN; THINNING RESTORATION TREATMENTS; BREEDING BIRD POPULATIONS; SOIL RESPIRATION RESPONSE; NEVADA WILDERNESS AREAS C1 [North, Malcolm; Collins, Brandon] US Forest Serv, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. [Safford, Hugh] US Forest Serv, USDA, Vallejo, CA USA. [Stephenson, Nathan L.] US Geol Survey, Three Rivers, CA USA. RP North, M (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Davis, CA 95618 USA. NR 249 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 553 EP 577 PG 25 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800027 ER PT B AU Belnap, J Webb, RH Esque, TC Brooks, ML Defalco, LA Macmahon, JA AF Belnap, Jayne Webb, Robert H. Esque, Todd C. Brooks, Matthew L. Defalco, Lesley A. Macmahon, James A. BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Deserts SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; CLIMATE-CHANGE IMPACTS; EASTERN MOJAVE DESERT; TREE YUCCA-BREVIFOLIA; UNITED-STATES; SEMIARID ECOSYSTEMS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; COLORADO PLATEAU; PLANT-RESPONSES; PULSE DYNAMICS C1 [Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Moab, UT 84532 USA. [Webb, Robert H.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Esque, Todd C.; Defalco, Lesley A.] US Geol Survey, Henderson, NV USA. [Brooks, Matthew L.] US Geol Survey, Oakhurst, CA USA. [Macmahon, James A.] Utah State Univ, Logan, UT 84322 USA. RP Belnap, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Moab, UT 84532 USA. NR 200 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 635 EP 667 PG 33 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800030 ER PT B AU Duffy, WG Garone, P Grewell, BJ Kahara, S Fleskes, J Helm, B Moyle, P Records, R Silveira, J AF Duffy, Walter G. Garone, Philip Grewell, Bredna J. Kahara, Sharon Fleskes, Joseph Helm, Brent Moyle, Peter Records, Rosemary Silveira, Joseph BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Wetlands SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CALIFORNIA CENTRAL VALLEY; RICE FIELDS; SPECIES COEXISTENCE; ECOSYSTEM PROCESSES; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; COMMUNITIES; WATERFOWL; ABUNDANCE; MOSQUITOS C1 [Duffy, Walter G.] US Geol Survey, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Garone, Philip] Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Turlock, CA 95382 USA. [Grewell, Bredna J.; Moyle, Peter] Univ Calif, Davis, CA USA. [Kahara, Sharon] Humboldt State Univ, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Fleskes, Joseph] US Geol Survey, Dixon, CA USA. [Helm, Brent] DBA Helm Biol Consulting, Sheridan, CA USA. [Records, Rosemary] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Silveira, Joseph] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Willows, CA USA. RP Duffy, WG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. NR 180 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 669 EP 692 PG 24 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800031 ER PT B AU Mceachern, K Atwater, T Collins, PW Faulkner, K Richards, DV AF Mceachern, Kathryn Atwater, Tanya Collins, Paul W. Faulkner, Kate Richards, Daniel V. BE Mooney, H Zavaleta, E TI Managed Island Ecosystems SO ECOSYSTEMS OF CALIFORNIA LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CALIFORNIA CHANNEL-ISLANDS; SANTA-ROSA-ISLAND; WEST NILE VIRUS; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; NORTH-AMERICA; CRUZ ISLAND; ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; GOLDEN EAGLES; FERAL PIGS; SEA LIONS C1 [Mceachern, Kathryn] US Geol Survey, Ventura, CA USA. [Atwater, Tanya] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Collins, Paul W.] Santa Barbara Museum Nat Hist, Santa Barbara, CA USA. [Faulkner, Kate; Richards, Daniel V.] Channel Isl Natl Pk, Ventura, CA USA. RP Mceachern, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ventura, CA USA. NR 116 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96217-0; 978-0-520-27880-6 PY 2016 BP 755 EP 778 PG 24 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BF0SZ UT WOS:000379419800034 ER PT J AU Hubbard, LE Keefe, SH Kolpin, DW Barber, LB Duris, JW Hutchinson, KJ Bradley, PM AF Hubbard, Laura E. Keefe, Steffanie H. Kolpin, Dana W. Barber, Larry B. Duris, Joseph W. Hutchinson, Kasey J. Bradley, Paul M. TI Understanding the hydrologic impacts of wastewater treatment plant discharge to shallow groundwater: before and after plant shutdown SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ORGANIC MICROPOLLUTANTS; PHARMACEUTICALS; STREAM; FISH; EFFLUENT; FATE; DOWNSTREAM; DISRUPTION; FILTRATION; EXPOSURE AB Effluent-impacted surface water has the potential to transport not only water, but wastewater-derived contaminants to shallow groundwater systems. To better understand the effects of effluent discharge on in-stream and near-stream hydrologic conditions in wastewater-impacted systems, water-level changes were monitored in hyporheic-zone and shallow-groundwater piezometers in a reach of Fourmile Creek adjacent to and downstream of the Ankeny ( Iowa, USA) wastewater treatment plant ( WWTP). Water-level changes were monitored from approximately 1.5 months before to 0.5 months after WWTP closure. Diurnal patterns in WWTP discharge were closely mirrored in stream and shallow-groundwater levels immediately upstream and up to 3 km downstream of the outfall, indicating that such discharge was the primary control on water levels before shutdown. The hydrologic response to WWTP shutdown was immediately observed throughout the study reach, verifying the far-reaching hydraulic connectivity and associated contaminant transport risk. The movement of WWTP effluent into alluvial aquifers has implications for potential WWTP-derived contamination of shallow groundwater far removed from the WWTP outfall. C1 [Hubbard, Laura E.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. [Keefe, Steffanie H.; Barber, Larry B.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 3215 Marine St,Suite E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA. [Kolpin, Dana W.; Hutchinson, Kasey J.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, 400 S Clinton St Suite 269, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. [Duris, Joseph W.] US Geol Survey, Michigan Water Sci Ctr, 6520 Mercantile Way Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA. [Bradley, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, 720 Gracern, Columbia, SC 29210 USA. [Hutchinson, Kasey J.] Environm Consulting & Technol Inc, 332 S Linn St 22, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA. RP Hubbard, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA. EM lhubbard@usgs.gov NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2053-1400 EI 2053-1419 J9 ENVIRON SCI-WAT RES JI Environ. Sci.-Wat. Res. Technol. PY 2016 VL 2 IS 5 BP 864 EP 874 DI 10.1039/c6ew00128a PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA DX4VZ UT WOS:000384380500007 ER PT J AU Oliver, SK Soranno, PA Fergus, CE Wagner, T Winslow, LA Scott, CE Webster, KE Downing, JA Stanley, EH AF Oliver, Samantha K. Soranno, Patricia A. Fergus, C. Emi Wagner, Tyler Winslow, Luke A. Scott, Caren E. Webster, Katherine E. Downing, John A. Stanley, Emily H. TI Prediction of lake depth across a 17-state region in the United States SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE lake depth; mixed model; morphology; regional scale; topography ID SPATIAL SCALE; SURFACE-AREA; PHOSPHORUS; CATCHMENT; SAMPLE; MAP AB Lake depth is an important characteristic for understanding many lake processes, yet it is unknown for the vast majority of lakes globally. Our objective was to develop a model that predicts lake depth using map-derived metrics of lake and terrestrial geomorphic features. Building on previous models that use local topography to predict lake depth, we hypothesized that regional differences in topography, lake shape, or sedimentation processes could lead to region-specific relationships between lake depth and the mapped features. We therefore used a mixed modeling approach that included region-specific model parameters. We built models using lake and map data from LAGOS, which includes 8164 lakes with maximum depth (Z(max)) observations. The model was used to predict depth for all lakes >= 4 ha (n = 42 443) in the study extent. Lake surface area and maximum slope in a 100 m buffer were the best predictors of Z(max). Interactions between surface area and topography occurred at both the local and regional scale; surface area had a larger effect in steep terrain, so large lakes embedded in steep terrain were much deeper than those in flat terrain. Despite a large sample size and inclusion of regional variability, model performance (R-2 = 0.29, RMSE = 7.1 m) was similar to other published models. The relative error varied by region, however, highlighting the importance of taking a regional approach to lake depth modeling. Additionally, we provide the largest known collection of observed and predicted lake depth values in the United States. C1 [Oliver, Samantha K.; Winslow, Luke A.; Stanley, Emily H.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Soranno, Patricia A.; Fergus, C. Emi; Scott, Caren E.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Webster, Katherine E.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Sch Nat Sci, Dublin, Ireland. [Downing, John A.] Iowa State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Organismal Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Winslow, Luke A.] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI USA. [Scott, Caren E.] Natl Ecol Observ Network, Boulder, CO USA. [Downing, John A.] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Sea Grant Program, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. [Downing, John A.] Univ Minnesota, Large Lakes Observ, Duluth, MN 55812 USA. RP Oliver, SK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM skoliver@wisc.edu FU National Science Foundation [1065786, 1065818, 1065649] FX We thank all data providers who contributed to the LAGOS database and the other members of the CSI Limnology team who contributed to the data integration effort to build LAGOS. We are grateful to 2 anonymous reviewers for their constructive input. This work was funded by the National Science Foundation (1065786, 1065818, 1065649). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 4 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 314 EP 324 DI 10.5268/IW-6.3.957 PG 11 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DX0PY UT WOS:000384067400004 ER PT J AU Woelmer, WM Kao, YC Bunnell, DB Deines, AM Bennion, DH Rogers, MW Brooks, CN Sayers, MJ Banach, DM Grimm, AG Shuchman, RA AF Woelmer, Whitney M. Kao, Yu-Chun Bunnell, David B. Deines, Andrew M. Bennion, David H. Rogers, Mark W. Brooks, Colin N. Sayers, Michael J. Banach, David M. Grimm, Amanda G. Shuchman, Robert A. TI Assessing the influence of watershed characteristics on chlorophyll a in waterbodies at global and regional scales SO INLAND WATERS LA English DT Article DE chlorophyll a; climate; global scale; hydrogeomorphic characteristics; lakes; nutrients; regional scale; reservoirs ID LAND-USE; FRESH-WATER; PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; MISSOURI RESERVOIRS; LAKE MORPHOMETRY; SURFACE WATERS; TROPHIC STATE; FOOD WEBS; PHOSPHORUS; PHYTOPLANKTON AB Predictions of chlorophyll a (Chl-a) in lentic waterbodies (lakes and reservoirs) are valuable to researchers and resource managers alike but have been rarely conducted at the global scale. With the development of remote sensing technologies, it is now feasible to gather large amounts of data across the world, including understudied and remote regions. To determine which factors were most important in explaining the variation of Chl-a in waterbodies at global and regional scales, we first developed a database of 227 globally distributed waterbodies and watersheds with corresponding Chl-a, nutrient, hydrogeomorphic, and climate data. Then we used a generalized additive modeling approach and selected models that most parsimoniously related Chl-a to predictor variables for all 227 waterbodies and for a subset of 51 within the Laurentian Great Lakes region. Our best global model contained 3 hydrogeomorphic variables (waterbody area, shoreline development index, and watershed to waterbody area ratio) and a climate variable (mean temperature in the warmest quarter) that explained about 30% of variation in Chl-a. Our regional model contained one hydrogeomorphic variable (watershed area), the same climate variable, and a nutrient variable (percent of watershed area cover by waterbodies) that explained 58% of variation in Chl-a. Our results indicate that a regional approach to watershed modeling may be more informative to predicting Chl-a than a global approach and that nearly a third of global variation in Chl-a may be explained using hydrogeomorphic and climate variables. C1 [Woelmer, Whitney M.; Kao, Yu-Chun] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Bunnell, David B.; Rogers, Mark W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Deines, Andrew M.] Exponent Inc, Bellevue, WA USA. [Bennion, David H.] CSS Dynamac, Fairfax, VA USA. [Brooks, Colin N.; Sayers, Michael J.; Banach, David M.; Grimm, Amanda G.; Shuchman, Robert A.] Michigan Tech Res Inst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Rogers, Mark W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, US Geol Survey, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. RP Kao, YC (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM kaoyc@msu.edu RI Kao, Yu-Chun/E-1496-2017 OI Kao, Yu-Chun/0000-0001-5552-909X FU US Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center FX Funding support was provided by the US Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. This article is contribution 2054 of the US Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. NR 76 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU FRESHWATER BIOLOGICAL ASSOC PI AMBLESIDE PA THE FERRY HOUSE, FAR SAWREY, AMBLESIDE, CUMBRIA LA22 0LP, ENGLAND SN 2044-2041 EI 2044-205X J9 INLAND WATERS JI Inland Waters PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 BP 379 EP 392 DI 10.5268/IW-6.3.964 PG 14 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DX0PY UT WOS:000384067400010 ER PT J AU Lu, XH Jiang, H Zhang, XY Liu, JX Jin, JX AF Lu, Xuehe Jiang, Hong Zhang, Xiuying Liu, Jinxun Jin, JiaXin TI Estimating 40 years of nitrogen deposition in global biomes using the SCIAMACHY NO2 column SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID DRY DEPOSITION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; UNITED-STATES; IN-SITU; SCALE; RETRIEVAL; OZONE; CHINA; CO2; ECOSYSTEMS AB Owing to human activity, global nitrogen (N) cycles have been altered. In the past 100 years, global N deposition has increased. Currently, the monitoring and estimating of N deposition and the evaluation of its effects on global carbon budgets are the focus of many researchers. NO2 columns retrieved by space-borne sensors provide us with a new way of exploring global N cycles and these have the ability to estimate N deposition. However, the time range limitation of NO2 columns makes the estimation of long timescale N deposition difficult. In this study we used ground-based NOx emission data to expand the density of NO2 columns, and 40 years of N deposition (1970-2009) was inverted using the multivariate linear model with expanded NO2 columns. The dynamic of N deposition was examined in both global and biome scales. The results show that the average N deposition was 0.34 g N m(-2) year(-1) in the 2000s, which was an increase of 38.4% compared with the 1970s'. The total N deposition in different biomes is unbalanced. N deposition is only 38.0% of the global total in forest biomes; this is made up of 25.9%, 11.3, and 0.7% in tropical, temperate, and boreal forests, respectively. As N-limited biomes, there was little increase of N deposition in boreal forests. However, N deposition has increased by a total of 59.6% in tropical forests and croplands, which are N-rich biomes. Such characteristics may influence the effects on global carbon budgets. C1 [Lu, Xuehe; Jiang, Hong; Zhang, Xiuying; Jin, JiaXin] Nanjing Univ, Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Geog Informat Sci & Technol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Lu, Xuehe; Jiang, Hong; Zhang, Xiuying; Jin, JiaXin] Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Liu, Jinxun] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. RP Jiang, H (reprint author), Nanjing Univ, Int Inst Earth Syst Sci, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China.; Jiang, H (reprint author), Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Geog Informat Sci & Technol, Xianlin Ave 163, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jianghong@nju.edu.cn FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [41501212, 41171324]; Funds for Ph.D. Education [20110091110028]; MOST [2005DKA32306] FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [41501212], the National Natural Science Foundation of China Major Program [41171324], the Funds for Ph.D. Education [20110091110028], and the fundamental research project of MOST [2005DKA32306]. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 20 BP 4964 EP 4978 DI 10.1080/01431161.2016.1225178 PG 15 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DX5EL UT WOS:000384402500013 ER PT J AU Laskowski, J Gillespie, C Corral, L Oden, A Fricke, K Fontaine, JJ AF Laskowski, Jessica Gillespie, Caitlyn Corral, Lucia Oden, Amy Fricke, Kent Fontaine, Joseph J. TI Teaching animal habitat selection using wildlife tracking equipment SO SCIENCE ACTIVITIES LA English DT Article DE Ecology; mathematics; middle school; secondary; critical thinking AB We present a hands-on outdoor activity coupled with classroom discussion to teach students about wildlife habitat selection, the process by which animals choose where to live. By selecting locations or habitats with many benefits (e.g., food, shelter, mates) and few costs (e.g., predators), animals improve their ability to survive and reproduce. Biologists track animal movement using radio telemetry technology to study habitat selection so they can better provide species with habitats that promote population growth. We present a curriculum in which students locate animals (transmitters) using radio telemetry equipment and apply math skills (use of fractions and percentages) to assess their animal's habitat selection by comparing the availability of habitat types with the proportion of animals they find in each habitat type. C1 [Laskowski, Jessica; Gillespie, Caitlyn; Corral, Lucia; Fricke, Kent] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 422 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. [Oden, Amy] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE USA. [Fontaine, Joseph J.] Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Laskowski, J (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 422 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA. EM jlaskowski@ufl.edu RI Fontaine, Joseph/F-6557-2010 OI Fontaine, Joseph/0000-0002-7639-9156 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0036-8121 EI 1940-1302 J9 SCI ACT JI Sci. Act. PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 147 EP 154 DI 10.1080/00368121.2016.1211080 PG 8 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA DX3WV UT WOS:000384308500003 ER PT J AU Katzner, TE Bragin, EA Bragin, AE McGrady, M Miller, TA Bildstein, KL AF Katzner, Todd E. Bragin, Evgeny A. Bragin, Alexander E. McGrady, Michael Miller, Tricia A. Bildstein, Keith L. TI Unusual clockwise loop migration lengthens travel distances and increases potential risks for a central Asian, long distance, trans-equatorial migrant, the Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus SO BIRD STUDY LA English DT Article ID SATELLITE TELEMETRY; BIRD MIGRATION; SOARING BIRDS; RAPTORS; ROUTES; GEORGIA; TRACKING; EAGLES; AUTUMN AB Capsule: Red-footed Falcons Falco vespertinus migrating from northern Kazakhstan proceed west before heading south to Africa; their northbound travel follows a different route with passage close to shooting hotspots in the Mediterranean.Aim: To use tracking and ringing data to document for the first time the migration of globally threatened Red-footed Falcons from northern Kazakhstan.Methods: Light-level geolocators were deployed on breeding adults in Kazakhstan and recovered one year later. Ringing and observational data from more than 100 years of Russian-language and other literature were summarized and mapped alongside the geolocator data.Results: Geolocator, ringing and observational data together demonstrate that Red-footed Falcons from northern Kazakhstan have a clockwise loop migration that begins with a long and unusual westward trek around eastern Europe's large inland seas before continuing to extreme southern Africa. Return migration is farther west and requires crossing two major migratory barriers: the Sahara and the Mediterranean.Conclusion: The loop migration we describe requires an extensive longitudinal movement, exposes central Asian Red-footed Falcons to multiple desert, mountain and marine crossings, and, at outbound and return Mediterranean bottlenecks, crosses sites where raptor shooting is common. C1 [Katzner, Todd E.; Miller, Tricia A.] West Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Timber & Watershed Lab, Parsons, WV USA. [Katzner, Todd E.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. [Bragin, Evgeny A.] Kostanay State Pedag Inst, Fac Biol, Kostanay, Kazakhstan. [Bragin, Evgeny A.] Naurzum State Nat Reserve, Dept Sci, Karamendi, Kazakhstan. [Bragin, Alexander E.] Rostov Biosphere Reserve, Rostov Na Donu, Russia. [McGrady, Michael] Int Avian Res, Krems, Austria. [Bildstein, Keith L.] Hawk Mt Sanctuary, Acopian Ctr Conservat Sci, Orwigsburg, PA USA. RP Katzner, TE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA. EM tkatzner@usgs.gov OI Katzner, Todd/0000-0003-4503-8435 FU Hawk Mountain Sanctuary FX This research was supported by an anonymous private donor and by Hawk Mountain Sanctuary. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3657 EI 1944-6705 J9 BIRD STUDY JI Bird Stud. PY 2016 VL 63 IS 3 BP 406 EP 412 DI 10.1080/00063657.2016.1214107 PG 7 WC Ornithology SC Zoology GA DW8KI UT WOS:000383903900014 ER PT J AU Shinneman, DJ McIlroy, SK AF Shinneman, Douglas J. McIlroy, Susan K. TI Identifying key climate and environmental factors affecting rates of post-fire big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) recovery in the northern Columbia Basin, USA SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE LA English DT Article DE bunchgrass; fire effects; sagebrush steppe; secondary succession ID HISTORICAL FIRE REGIMES; STEPPE ECOSYSTEMS; COMMUNITIES; HABITATS; RESTORATION; MONTANA AB Sagebrush steppe of North America is considered highly imperilled, in part owing to increased fire frequency. Sagebrush ecosystems support numerous species, and it is important to understand those factors that affect rates of post-fire sagebrush recovery. We explored recovery of Wyoming big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis) and basin big sagebrush (A. tridentata ssp. tridentata) communities following fire in the northern Columbia Basin (Washington, USA). We sampled plots across 16 fires that burned in big sagebrush communities from 5 to 28 years ago, and also sampled nearby unburned locations. Mixed-effects models demonstrated that density of large-mature big sagebrush plants and percentage cover of big sagebrush were higher with time since fire and in plots with more precipitation during the winter immediately following fire, but were lower when precipitation the next winter was higher than average, especially on soils with higher available water supply, and with greater post-fire mortality of mature big sagebrush plants. Bunchgrass cover 5 to 28 years after fire was predicted to be lower with higher cover of both shrubs and non-native herbaceous species, and only slightly higher with time. Post-fire recovery of big sagebrush in the northern Columbia Basin is a slow process that may require several decades on average, but faster recovery rates may occur under specific site and climate conditions. C1 [Shinneman, Douglas J.; McIlroy, Susan K.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA. RP Shinneman, DJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Snake River Field Stn, Boise, ID 83706 USA. EM dshinneman@usgs.gov FU Bureau of Land Management [L12PG00344] FX We thank the US Bureau of Land Management, the US Bureau of Reclamation, the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife, and Washington State Parks for logistical support and permitting sampling on their lands. This research was funded by the Bureau of Land Management (Inter-Agency Agreement L12PG00344). We are grateful to our dedicated field technicians who collected the data for this project. We thank Jason Dunham and two anonymous reviewers for improving the manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1049-8001 EI 1448-5516 J9 INT J WILDLAND FIRE JI Int. J. Wildland Fire PY 2016 VL 25 IS 9 BP 933 EP 945 DI 10.1071/WF16013 PG 13 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DW8JF UT WOS:000383900400003 ER PT J AU Worsham, MLD Gibson, R Huffman, DG AF Worsham, McLean L. D. Gibson, Randy Huffman, David G. TI The aquatic annelid fauna of the San Marcos River headsprings, Hays County, Texas SO ZOOKEYS LA English DT Article DE Annelida; Clitellata; Hirudinida; Aphanoneura; Branchiobdellida; oligochaetous clitellates; freshwater Nemertea; spring fauna ID FRESH-WATER; 1ST REPORT; GLOSSIPHONIIDAE; OLIGOCHAETA; PARASITE; AQUIFER; REGION; USA AB The San Marcos River in Central Texas has been well studied and has been demonstrated to be remarkably specious. Prior to the present study, research on free-living invertebrates in the San Marcos River only dealt with hard bodied taxa with the exception of the report of one gastrotrich, and one subterranean platyhelminth that only incidentally occurs in the head spring outflows. The remainder of the soft-bodied metazoan fauna that inhabit the San Marcos River had never been studied. Our study surveyed the annelid fauna and some other soft-bodied invertebrates of the San Marcos River headsprings. At least four species of Hirudinida, two species of Aphanoneura, one species of Branchiobdellida, and 11 (possibly 13) species of oligochaetous clitellates were collected. Other vermiform taxa collected included at least three species of Turbellaria and one species of Nemertea. We provide the results of the first survey of the aquatic annelid fauna of the San Marcos Springs, along with a dichotomous key to these annelids that includes photos of some representative specimens, and line drawings to elucidate potentially confusing diagnostic structures. C1 [Worsham, McLean L. D.; Huffman, David G.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, Freeman Aquat Biol Stn, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. [Gibson, Randy] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. RP Worsham, MLD (reprint author), Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, Freeman Aquat Biol Stn, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA. EM biolyth@txstate.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU PENSOFT PUBL PI SOFIA PA 12 PROF GEORGI ZLATARSKI ST, SOFIA, 1700, BULGARIA SN 1313-2989 EI 1313-2970 J9 ZOOKEYS JI ZooKeys PY 2016 IS 618 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.3897/zookeys.618.8560 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DW1BI UT WOS:000383377300001 PM 27853397 ER PT J AU Witt, EC AF Witt, Emitt C., III TI Use of lidar point cloud data to support estimation of residual trace metals stored in mine chat piles in the Old Lead Belt of southeastern, Missouri SO AIMS ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Mine Chat; lidar; trace metals; 3DEP ID MINING DISTRICT; ZINC MINE; EXPOSURE AB Historic lead and zinc (Pb-Zn) mining in southeast Missouri's. Old Lead Belt. has left large chat piles dominating the landscape where prior to 1972 mining was the major industry of the region. As a result of variable beneficiation methods over the history of mining activity, these piles remain with large quantities of unrecovered Pb and Zn and to a lesser extent cadmium (Cd). Quantifying the residual content of trace metals in chat piles is problematic because of the extensive field effort that must go into collecting elevation points for volumetric analysis. This investigation demonstrates that publicly available lidar point data from the U.S. Geological Survey 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) can be used to effectively calculate chat pile volumes as a method of more accurately estimating the total residual trace metal content in these mining wastes. Five chat piles located in St. Francois County, Missouri, were quantified for residual trace metal content. Utilizing lidar point cloud data collected in 2011 and existing trace metal concentration data obtained during remedial investigations, residual content of these chat piles ranged from 9247 to 88,579 metric tons Pb, 1925 to 52,306 metric tons Zn, and 51 to 1107 metric tons Cd. Development of new beneficiation methods for recovering these constituents from chat piles would need to achieve current Federal soil screening standards. To achieve this for the five chat piles investigated, 42 to 72% of residual Pb would require mitigation to the 1200 mg/kg Federal non-playground standard, 88 to 98% of residual Zn would require mitigation to the Ecological Soil Screening level (ESSL) for plant life, and 70% to 98% of Cd would require mitigation to achieve the ESSL. Achieving these goals through an existing or future beneficiation method(s) would remediate chat to a trace metal concentration level that would support its use as a safe agricultural soil amendment. C1 [Witt, Emitt C., III] US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, Rolla, MO 65401 USA. [Witt, Emitt C., III] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Witt, Emitt C., III] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Geosci, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. RP Witt, EC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, Rolla, MO 65401 USA.; Witt, EC (reprint author), Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.; Witt, EC (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Geosci, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM ecwitt@usgs.gov NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES-AIMS PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 2372-0344 EI 2372-0352 J9 AIMS ENVIRON SCI JI AIMS Environ. Sci. PY 2016 VL 3 IS 3 BP 509 EP 524 DI 10.3934/environsci.2016.3.509 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DU8SU UT WOS:000382485700013 ER PT J AU Mastin, LG Van Eaton, AR Durant, AJ AF Mastin, Larry G. Van Eaton, Alexa R. Durant, Adam J. TI Adjusting particle-size distributions to account for aggregation in tephra-deposit model forecasts SO ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOUNT-ST-HELENS; FALL DEPOSITS; NEW-ZEALAND; ACCRETIONARY LAPILLI; REDOUBT VOLCANO; RUAPEHU VOLCANO; ASH AGGREGATION; 1996 ERUPTIONS; CRATER PEAK; TRANSPORT AB Volcanic ash transport and dispersion (VATD) models are used to forecast tephra deposition during volcanic eruptions. Model accuracy is limited by the fact that fine-ash aggregates (clumps into clusters), thus altering patterns of deposition. In most models this is accounted for by ad hoc changes to model input, representing fine ash as aggregates with density rho(agg), and a log-normal size distribution with median mu(agg) and standard deviation sigma(agg). Optimal values may vary between eruptions. To test the variance, we used the Ash3d tephra model to simulate four deposits: 18 May 1980 Mount St. Helens; 16-17 September 1992 Crater Peak (Mount Spurr); 17 June 1996 Ruapehu; and 23 March 2009 Mount Redoubt. In 192 simulations, we systematically varied mu(agg) and sigma(agg), holding rho(agg) constant at 600 kg m(-3). We evaluated the fit using three indices that compare modeled versus measured (1) mass load at sample locations; (2) mass load versus distance along the dispersal axis; and (3) isomass area. For all deposits, under these inputs, the best-fit value of mu(agg) ranged narrowly between similar to 2.3 and 2.7 phi (0.20-0.15 mm), despite large variations in erupted mass (0.25-50 Tg), plume height (8.5-25 km), mass fraction of fine (<0.063 mm) ash (3-59 %), atmospheric temperature, and water content between these eruptions. This close agreement suggests that aggregation may be treated as a discrete process that is insensitive to eruptive style or magnitude. This result offers the potential for a simple, computationally efficient parameterization scheme for use in operational model forecasts. Further research may indicate whether this narrow range also reflects physical constraints on processes in the evolving cloud. C1 [Mastin, Larry G.; Van Eaton, Alexa R.] US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. [Durant, Adam J.] Univ Oslo, Dept Geosci, Sect Meteorol & Oceanog, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Durant, Adam J.] Michigan Technol Univ, Geol & Min Engn & Sci, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. RP Mastin, LG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Cascades Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. EM lgmastin@usgs.gov NR 80 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1680-7316 EI 1680-7324 J9 ATMOS CHEM PHYS JI Atmos. Chem. Phys. PY 2016 VL 16 IS 14 BP 9399 EP 9420 DI 10.5194/acp-16-9399-2016 PG 22 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT1AE UT WOS:000381213300035 ER PT S AU Jones, TG Ratsimba, HR Carro, A Ravaoarinorotsihoarana, L Glass, L Teoh, M Benson, L Cripps, G Giri, C Zafindrasilivonona, B Raherindray, R Andriamahenina, Z Andriamahefazafy, M AF Jones, Trevor Gareth Ratsimba, Harifidy Rakoto Carro, Aude Ravaoarinorotsihoarana, Lalao Glass, Leah Teoh, Marianne Benson, Lisa Cripps, Garth Giri, Chandra Zafindrasilivonona, Bienvenue Raherindray, Raymond Andriamahenina, Zo Andriamahefazafy, Mialy BE Diop, S Scheren, P Machiwa, J TI The Mangroves of Ambanja and Ambaro Bays, Northwest Madagascar: Historical Dynamics, Current Status and Deforestation Mitigation Strategy SO ESTUARIES: A LIFELINE OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN THE WESTERN INDIAN OCEAN SE Estuaries of the World LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Madagascar; Mangrove; Ecosystem services; Carbon; Deforestation; Coastal; Charcoal ID SOIL ORGANIC-CARBON; DRY COMBUSTION METHODS; GROUND BIOMASS; WALKLEY-BLACK; FORESTS; STOCKS; SEQUESTRATION; CONSERVATION; RESTORATION; ECOSYSTEMS AB Madagascar contains Africa's fourth largest extent of mangroves, representing approximately 2% of the global distribution. Since 1990, more than 20% of Madagascar's mangrove ecosystems have been heavily degraded or deforested due primarily to increased harvest for charcoal and timber and the expansion of agriculture and aquaculture. Anthropogenic-driven loss is particularly prominent in the north-western Ambanja and Ambaro Bays (AAB). At over 24,000 ha, AAB is one of Madagascar's largest mangrove ecosystems, including prominent estuaries fed by rivers and streams originating in the country's highest mountain range. Similar to the national rate, AAB has experienced approximately 20% loss since 1990, driven primarily by over-harvesting for charcoal and timber. Continued loss threatens the livelihoods and wellbeing of thousands of residents who rely on the many goods and services provided by a healthy, relatively intact mangrove ecosystem. To combat this loss, Blue Ventures (BV), in partnership with local communities and the University of Antananarivo, is working to protect, restore and encourage the sustainable use of mangroves. BVs' Blue Forests project aims to help maintain and diversify local livelihoods and to sustainably manage mangroves and their associated biodiversity in AAB, as well as throughout western Madagascar. This chapter provides an overview of the biophysical characteristics, historic dynamics and current status of the AAB mangrove ecosystem, and mitigation strategies being implemented through BVs' Blue Forests project. C1 [Jones, Trevor Gareth; Carro, Aude; Ravaoarinorotsihoarana, Lalao; Glass, Leah; Teoh, Marianne; Benson, Lisa; Cripps, Garth; Zafindrasilivonona, Bienvenue; Raherindray, Raymond; Andriamahenina, Zo; Andriamahefazafy, Mialy] Blue Ventures Conservat, Rue Gambetta,Lot 269, Toliara 601, Madagascar. [Jones, Trevor Gareth] Portland State Univ, Dynam Ecosyst & Landscapes Lab, Dept Environm Sci & Management, Portland, OR USA. [Ratsimba, Harifidy Rakoto] Univ Antananarivo, Dept Forestry, POB 175, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. [Giri, Chandra] Duke Univ, US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Jones, TG (reprint author), Blue Ventures Conservat, Rue Gambetta,Lot 269, Toliara 601, Madagascar. EM trevor@blueventures.org; rrharifidy@yahoo.fr; aude@blueventures.org; lalao@blueventures.org; leah@blueventures.org; marianneteoh@gmail.com; lisa.benson@blueventures.org; garth@blueventures.org; cgiri@usgs.gov; bienvenue@blueventures.org; raymond@blueventures.org; zo@blueventures.org; mialy@blueventures.org NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 2214-1553 BN 978-3-319-25370-1; 978-3-319-25368-8 J9 ESTAUR WOR PY 2016 BP 67 EP 85 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-25370-1_5 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-25370-1 PG 19 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF5XI UT WOS:000382769000008 ER PT S AU Jablonski, J Durell, C Slonecker, T Wong, K Simon, B Eichelberger, A Osterberg, J AF Jablonski, Joseph Durell, Christopher Slonecker, Terrence Wong, Kwok Simon, Blair Eichelberger, Andrew Osterberg, Jacob BE Bannon, DP TI Best Practices in Passive Remote Sensing VNIR Hyperspectral System Hardware Calibrations SO HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGING SENSORS: INNOVATIVE APPLICATIONS AND SENSOR STANDARDS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors - Innovative Applications and Sensor Standards CY APR 20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Hyperspectral; passive remote sensing; remote sensing; spectrometer; Lambertian target; integrating sphere; uniform source; hyper cube; data cube; absolute calibration; sensor characterization; ground truth; vicarious calibration; imaging spectroscopy AB Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is an exciting and rapidly expanding area of instruments and technology in passive remote sensing. Due to quickly changing applications, the instruments are evolving to suit new uses and there is a need for consistent definition, testing, characterization and calibration. This paper seeks to outline a broad prescription and recommendations for basic specification, testing and characterization that must be done on Visible Near Infra-Red grating-based sensors in order to provide calibrated absolute output and performance or at least relative performance that will suit the user's task. The primary goal of this paper is to provide awareness of the issues with performance of this technology and make recommendations towards standards and protocols that could be used for further efforts in emerging procedures for national laboratory and standards groups. C1 [Jablonski, Joseph; Durell, Christopher] Labsphere Inc, North Sutton, NH 03260 USA. [Slonecker, Terrence] USGS, Reston, VA USA. [Wong, Kwok; Simon, Blair] Headwall Photon, Fitchburg, MA USA. [Eichelberger, Andrew; Osterberg, Jacob] Aeroptic, N Andover, MA USA. RP Jablonski, J (reprint author), Labsphere Inc, North Sutton, NH 03260 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0101-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9860 AR UNSP 986004 DI 10.1117/12.2224022 PG 30 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BF6DE UT WOS:000382986600002 ER PT J AU Schleeweis, K Goward, SN Huang, CQ Dwyer, JL Dungan, JL Lindsey, MA Michaelis, A Rishmawi, K Masek, JG AF Schleeweis, Karen Goward, Samuel N. Huang, Chengquan Dwyer, John L. Dungan, Jennifer L. Lindsey, Mary A. Michaelis, Andrew Rishmawi, Khaldoun Masek, Jeffery G. TI Selection and quality assessment of Landsat data for the North American forest dynamics forest history maps of the US SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Landsat; forest cover change; time-series mapping; forest disturbance; North American forest dynamics; nasa earth exchange ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; COVER CHANGE; TIME-SERIES; SATELLITE DATA; CLOUD SHADOW; DATA SET; IMAGERY; OPPORTUNITIES; CONTINUITY; MISSION AB Using the NASA Earth Exchange platform, the North American Forest Dynamics ( NAFD) project mapped forest history wall-to-wall, annually for the contiguous US ( 1986-2010) using the Vegetation Change Tracker algorithm. As with any effort to identify real changes in remotely sensed time-series, data gaps, shifts in seasonality, misregistration, inconsistent radiometry and cloud contamination can be sources of error. We discuss the NAFD image selection and processing stream ( NISPS) that was designed to minimize these sources of error. The NISPS image quality assessments highlighted issues with the Landsat archive and metadata including inadequate georegistration, unreliability of the pre-2009 L5 cloud cover assessments algorithm, missing growing-season imagery and paucity of clear views. Assessment maps of Landsat 5-7 image quantities and qualities are presented that offer novel perspectives on the growing-season archive considered for this study. Over 150,000+ Landsat images were considered for the NAFD project. Optimally, one high quality cloud-free image in each year or a total of 12,152 images would be used. However, to accommodate data gaps and cloud/ shadow contamination 23,338 images were needed. In 220 specific path-row image years no acceptable images were found resulting in data gaps in the annual national map products. C1 [Schleeweis, Karen] US Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Goward, Samuel N.; Huang, Chengquan; Rishmawi, Khaldoun] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Dwyer, John L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD USA. [Dungan, Jennifer L.] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Lindsey, Mary A.] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Washington, DC USA. [Michaelis, Andrew] NASA Ames Res Ctr, Univ Corp Monterey Bay, Moffett Field, CA USA. [Masek, Jeffery G.] NASA Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Schleeweis, K (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Forest Inventory & Anal, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM kgschleeweis@fs.fed.us OI Dwyer, John/0000-0002-8281-0896 FU NASA's Carbon Cycle Science and Applied Sciences Programs [NNX11AJ78G] FX This study contributes to the North American Carbon Program, with grant support from NASA's Carbon Cycle Science and Applied Sciences Programs [NNX11AJ78G]. Previous NASA NACP grants [NNG05GE55G] and [NNX08AI26G] were critical in developing the foundations of the current NISPS. NR 62 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PY 2016 VL 9 IS 10 BP 963 EP 980 DI 10.1080/17538947.2016.1158876 PG 18 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA DV5IR UT WOS:000382961000003 ER PT J AU Gumma, MK Thenkabail, PS Teluguntla, P Rao, MN Mohammed, IA Whitbread, AM AF Gumma, Murali Krishna Thenkabail, Prasad S. Teluguntla, Pardharsadhi Rao, Mahesh N. Mohammed, Irshad A. Whitbread, Anthony M. TI Mapping rice-fallow cropland areas for short-season grain legumes intensification in South Asia using MODIS 250 m time-series data SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH LA English DT Article DE Croplands; cropland fallow; seasonal rice mapping; rice-fallow; intensification; kharif; rabi; remote sensing; double-cropping; MODIS 250 m; NDVI; spectral matching techniques; ground survey data; grain legumes; potential cropland areas; South Asia ID SPECTRAL MATCHING TECHNIQUES; USE/LAND-COVER LULC; FOOD SECURITY; IRRIGATED AREAS; CROPPING INTENSITY; RESOLUTION; INDIA; EXTENT; BASIN; WATER AB The goal of this study was to map rainfed and irrigated rice-fallow cropland areas across South Asia, using MODIS 250 m time-series data and identify where the farming system may be intensified by the inclusion of a short-season crop during the fallow period. Rice-fallow cropland areas are those areas where rice is grown during the kharif growing season ( June-October), followed by a fallow during the rabi season ( November-February). These cropland areas are not suitable for growing rabi-season rice due to their high water needs, but are suitable for a short -season (<= 3 months), low water-consuming grain legumes such as chickpea ( Cicer arietinum L.), black gram, green gram, and lentils. Intensification ( double-cropping) in this manner can improve smallholder farmer's incomes and soil health via rich nitrogen-fixation legume crops as well as address food security challenges of ballooning populations without having to expand croplands. Several grain legumes, primarily chickpea, are increasingly grown across Asia as a source of income for smallholder farmers and at the same time providing rich and cheap source of protein that can improve the nutritional quality of diets in the region. The suitability of rainfed and irrigated rice-fallow croplands for grain legume cultivation across South Asia were defined by these identifiers: ( a) rice crop is grown during the primary ( kharif) crop growing season or during the north-west monsoon season ( June-October); ( b) same croplands are left fallow during the second ( rabi) season or during the south-east monsoon season ( November-February); and ( c) ability to support low water-consuming, short-growing season (<= 3 months) grain legumes ( chickpea, black gram, green gram, and lentils) during rabi season. Existing irrigated or rainfed crops such as rice or wheat that were grown during kharif were not considered suitable for growing during the rabi season, because the moisture/ water demand of these crops is too high. The study established cropland classes based on the every 16-day 250 m normalized difference vegetation index ( NDVI) time series for one year ( June 2010-May 2011) of Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer ( MODIS) data, using spectral matching techniques ( SMTs), and extensive field knowledge. Map accuracy was evaluated based on independent ground survey data as well as compared with available sub-national level statistics. The producers' and users' accuracies of the cropland fallow classes were between 75% and 82%. The overall accuracy and the kappa coefficient estimated for rice classes were 82% and 0.79, respectively. The analysis estimated approximately 22.3 Mha of suitable rice-fallow areas in South Asia, with 88.3% in India, 0.5% in Pakistan, 1.1% in Sri Lanka, 8.7% in Bangladesh, 1.4% in Nepal, and 0.02% in Bhutan. Decision-makers can target these areas for sustainable intensification of short-duration grain legumes. C1 [Gumma, Murali Krishna; Mohammed, Irshad A.; Whitbread, Anthony M.] Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Thenkabail, Prasad S.; Teluguntla, Pardharsadhi] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Rao, Mahesh N.] Humboldt State Univ, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Gumma, MK (reprint author), Int Crops Res Inst Semi Arid Trop, Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM gummamk@gmail.com FU CGIAR; WLE; NASA MEaSUREs through NASA ROSES solicitation [GFSAD30, NNH13AV82I]; Land Change Science (LCS); Land Remote Sensing (LRS); Climate Land Use Change Mission Area Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) FX This research was supported by two CGIAR Research Programs: Dryland Cereals, Grain legumes and WLE. The research was also supported by the global food security support analysis data at 30 m project (GFSAD30; http://geography.wr.usgs.gov/science/croplands/; https://croplands.org/) funded by the NASA MEaSUREs [grant number: NNH13AV82I] (Making Earth System Data Records for Use in Research Environments) funding obtained through NASA ROSES solicitation as well as by the Land Change Science (LCS), Land Remote Sensing (LRS), and Climate Land Use Change Mission Area Programs of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 6 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1753-8947 EI 1753-8955 J9 INT J DIGIT EARTH JI Int. J. Digit. Earth PY 2016 VL 9 IS 10 BP 981 EP 1003 DI 10.1080/17538947.2016.1168489 PG 23 WC Geography, Physical; Remote Sensing SC Physical Geography; Remote Sensing GA DV5IR UT WOS:000382961000004 ER PT J AU Blazer, VS Hitt, NP Snyder, CD Snook, EL Adams, CR AF Blazer, Vicki S. Hitt, Nathaniel P. Snyder, Craig D. Snook, Erin L. Adams, Cynthia R. TI Dermocystidium sp Infection in Blue Ridge Sculpin Captured in Maryland SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PERCH PERCA-FLUVIATILIS; N-SP; MESOMYCETOZOEA; MORTALITY; ICHTHYOSPOREA; MYXOSPOREA; PARASITES; FUNGUS AB Raised pale cysts were observed on Blue Ridge Sculpin Cottus caeruleomentum during stream fish community surveys in Catoctin Mountain Park, Maryland. When examined histologically, preserved sculpin exhibited multiple cysts containing spherical endospores with a refractile central body characteristic of Dermocystidium spp. Cysts were not observed on the gills or internally. The portion of the watershed in which affected sculpin were observed contained lower than expected numbers of sculpin, raising concerns about the population effects of this infection. A nearby stream lacked sculpin even though they are common in this region, further suggesting the possibility of regional effects. This is the first report of a Dermocystidium infecting any fish species in the eastern United States. C1 [Blazer, Vicki S.; Adams, Cynthia R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Hitt, Nathaniel P.; Snyder, Craig D.; Snook, Erin L.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Branch, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. RP Blazer, VS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. EM vblazer@usgs.gov FU U.S. Geological Survey's Fisheries, Environments (Chesapeake Bay); National Resources Protection programs (Ecosystems Mission Area); Contaminants Biology (Environmental Health Mission Area) FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Fisheries, Environments (Chesapeake Bay) and National Resources Protection programs (Ecosystems Mission Area) and Contaminants Biology (Environmental Health Mission Area). We thank John Mullican, Joshua Henesy, and Mark Toms of the Maryland Department of Natural Resources for assistance with fish collections; Kathy Spring and Darlene Bowling, Fish Health Branch, Leetown Science Center, for preparation of the histology samples; and Heather Walsh for development of the primer sets. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the federal government. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-7659 EI 1548-8667 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PY 2016 VL 28 IS 3 BP 143 EP 149 DI 10.1080/08997659.2016.1159622 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA DU3YH UT WOS:000382148000001 PM 27455037 ER PT J AU Dowsett, H Dolan, A Rowley, D Moucha, R Forte, AM Mitrovica, JX Pound, M Salzmann, U Robinson, M Chandler, M Foley, K Haywood, A AF Dowsett, Harry Dolan, Aisling Rowley, David Moucha, Robert Forte, Alessandro M. Mitrovica, Jerry X. Pound, Matthew Salzmann, Ulrich Robinson, Marci Chandler, Mark Foley, Kevin Haywood, Alan TI The PRISM4 (mid-Piacenzian) paleoenvironmental reconstruction SO CLIMATE OF THE PAST LA English DT Article ID ANTARCTIC ICE-SHEET; PLIOCENE WARM PERIOD; MODEL INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; SEA-SURFACE TEMPERATURES; PLIOMIP EXPERIMENTAL-DESIGN; DYNAMIC TOPOGRAPHY CHANGE; BERING STRAIT; ARCTIC-OCEAN; INDONESIAN THROUGHFLOW; CLIMATE VARIABILITY AB The mid-Piacenzian is known as a period of relative warmth when compared to the present day. A comprehensive understanding of conditions during the Piacenzian serves as both a conceptual model and a source for boundary conditions as well as means of verification of global climate model experiments. In this paper we present the PRISM4 reconstruction, a paleoenvironmental reconstruction of the mid-Piacenzian (similar to 3 Ma) containing data for paleogeography, land and sea ice, sea-surface temperature, vegetation, soils, and lakes. Our retrodicted paleogeography takes into account glacial isostatic adjustments and changes in dynamic topography. Soils and lakes, both significant as land surface features, are introduced to the PRISM reconstruction for the first time. Sea-surface temperature and vegetation reconstructions are unchanged but now have confidence assessments. The PRISM4 reconstruction is being used as boundary condition data for the Pliocene Model Intercomparison Project Phase 2 (PlioMIP2) experiments. C1 [Dowsett, Harry; Robinson, Marci; Foley, Kevin] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Dolan, Aisling; Haywood, Alan] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England. [Rowley, David] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, 5734 S Ellis Ave, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Moucha, Robert] Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Syracuse, NY 13244 USA. [Forte, Alessandro M.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Forte, Alessandro M.] Univ Quebec, GEOTOP, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Mitrovica, Jerry X.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Pound, Matthew; Salzmann, Ulrich] Northumbria Univ, Fac Engn & Environm, Dept Geog, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 8ST, Tyne & Wear, England. [Chandler, Mark] Columbia Univ, Ctr Climate Syst Res, New York, NY USA. [Chandler, Mark] NASA, Goddard Inst Space Studies, New York, NY 10025 USA. RP Dowsett, H (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM hdowsett@usgs.gov OI Rowley, David/0000-0001-9767-9029 FU US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program; European Research Council under the European Union [278636]; Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/I016287/1]; Canadian Institute for Advanced Research's Earth System Evolution Program; NASA Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction program (NASA grant) [NNX14AB99A]; NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center; EPSRC FX Harry Dowsett, Marci Robinson, and Kevin Foley are supported by the US Geological Survey Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program. Aisling Dolan and Alan Haywood acknowledge that this research was completed in receipt of funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no. 278636. Ulrich Salzmann, Alan Haywood, and Matthew Pound acknowledge funding received from the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC grant NE/I016287/1). David Rowley, Alessandro M. Forte, Jerry X. Mitrovica, and Robert Moucha acknowledge support from the Canadian Institute for Advanced Research's Earth System Evolution Program. Alessandro M. Forte also thanks the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Mark Chandler is supported by the NASA Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction program (NASA grant NNX14AB99A) and the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) at Goddard Space Flight Center. We thank Daniel Hill, Stephen Hunter, Linda Sohl, and Adam Bloemers for helpful input and Robert Schmunk for the Panoply visualization software. Harry Dowsett, Aisling Dolan, Alan Haywood, Ulrich Salzmann, and Matthew Pound also thank the EPSRC-supported Past Earth Network. This research used samples and/or data provided by the International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP), Ocean Drilling Program (ODP), and Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). NR 146 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 11 U2 11 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1814-9324 EI 1814-9332 J9 CLIM PAST JI Clim. Past. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 7 BP 1519 EP 1538 DI 10.5194/cp-12-1519-2016 PG 20 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DT1XJ UT WOS:000381275100003 ER PT J AU Hauptman, M Law, T Plumlee, G Lowers, H Hinkley, T Kellogg, M Woolf, A AF Hauptman, Marissa Law, Terence Plumlee, Geoffrey Lowers, Heather Hinkley, Todd Kellogg, Mark Woolf, Alan TI Novel Sources of Lead Exposure: A Case of Severe Lead Poisoning from an Ingested Foreign Body SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Lead Poisoning; Vulnerable Populations; Pediatrics C1 Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Plumlee, Geoffrey; Lowers, Heather; Hinkley, Todd] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA. EM marissa.hauptman@childrens.harvard.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1556-3650 EI 1556-9519 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 MA 42 BP 678 EP 679 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA DT2ER UT WOS:000381294100052 ER PT J AU Link, WA Sauer, JR AF Link, William A. Sauer, John R. TI Modeling participation duration, with application to the North American Breeding Bird Survey SO COMMUNICATIONS IN STATISTICS-THEORY AND METHODS LA English DT Article DE Censoring; North American Breeding Bird Survey; Survival analysis; Primary 62N01; Secondary 62P12 AB We consider participation histories, binary sequences consisting of alternating finite sequences of 1s and 0s, ending with an infinite sequence of 0s. Our work is motivated by a study of observer tenure in the North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS). In our analysis, j indexes an observer's years of service and X-j is an indicator of participation in the survey; 0s interspersed among 1s correspond to years when observers did not participate, but subsequently returned to service. Of interest is the observer's duration D = max{j: X-j = 1}. Because observed records X = (X-1, X-2, ... , X-n)' are of finite length, all that we can directly infer about duration is that D >= max{j <= n: X-j = 1}; model-based analysis is required for inference about D. We propose models in which lengths of 0s and 1s sequences have distributions determined by the index j at which they begin; 0s sequences are infinite with positive probability, an estimable parameter. We found that BBS observers' lengths of service vary greatly, with 25.3% participating for only a single year, 49.5% serving for 4 or fewer years, and an average duration of 8.7 years, producing an average of 7.7 counts. C1 [Link, William A.; Sauer, John R.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Link, WA (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. EM wlink@usgs.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0361-0926 EI 1532-415X J9 COMMUN STAT-THEOR M JI Commun. Stat.-Theory Methods PY 2016 VL 45 IS 21 BP 6311 EP 6320 DI 10.1080/03610926.2014.957854 PG 10 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA DV2ZD UT WOS:000382789900011 ER PT J AU Robbins, EI Kourtidou-Papadeli, C Iberall, AS Nord, GL Sato, M AF Robbins, Eleanora Iberall Kourtidou-Papadeli, Chrysoula Iberall, Arthur S. Nord, Gordon L., Jr. Sato, Motoaki TI From Precambrian Iron-Formation to Terraforming Mars: The JIMES Expedition to Santorini SO GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Hydrothermal vents; iron oxidation; iron bacteria; Precambrian iron-formation; terraforming Mars ID WATER HYDROTHERMAL VENT; SUBMARINE HOT-SPRINGS; AEGEAN SEA; 2-LINE FERRIHYDRITE; OXIDIZING BACTERIA; BIOLOGICAL ORIGIN; GREECE; LIFE; DEPOSITION; EVOLUTION AB The iron embayments at Santorini, Greece, have long been considered by geologists to be the most useful modern environment for understanding variables related to precipitation of Precambrian iron-formation. To help understand the rock record, the embayments were studied almost monthly for a year to assess seasonal variations in iron bacteria and diatoms along with mineralogy, weather, water chemistry, and ecology. Unidentified red rods dominated and accounted for most ferrihydrite production. Diatom abundance was seasonal, including Parlibellus delognei which produces molecular oxygen within iron-coated sheaths. The gross structures of the microbial iron precipitates were in the form of rods, spheres, and braids. Speculations resulting from our observations suggest that life's origin could have been intimately related to chemical/physical processes occurring where volcanic sources discharged iron through highly porous siliceous substrates and into the primitive ocean. The diverse community also provides a potentially useful ecosystem for Mars terraforming experiments. C1 [Robbins, Eleanora Iberall] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. [Kourtidou-Papadeli, Chrysoula] Greek Aerosp Med Assoc & Space Res, Thessaloniki, Greece. [Iberall, Arthur S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Crump Inst Med Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Nord, Gordon L., Jr.; Sato, Motoaki] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA. RP Robbins, EI (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. EM norrierobbins@cox.net NR 107 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0149-0451 EI 1521-0529 J9 GEOMICROBIOL J JI Geomicrobiol. J. PY 2016 VL 33 IS 7 BP 630 EP 645 DI 10.1080/01490451.2015.1074322 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DU7AH UT WOS:000382365200010 ER PT J AU Eyler, SM Welsh, SA Smith, DR Rockey, MM AF Eyler, Sheila M. Welsh, Stuart A. Smith, David R. Rockey, Mary M. TI Downstream Passage and Impact of Turbine Shutdowns on Survival of Silver American Eels at Five Hydroelectric Dams on the Shenandoah River SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MIGRATING EUROPEAN EEL; ANGUILLA-ANGUILLA; HYDROPOWER; ESCAPEMENT; MORTALITY; FACILITY; PLANT; MEUSE AB Hydroelectric dams impact the downstream migrations of silver American Eels Anguilla rostrata via migratory delays and turbine mortality. A radiotelemetry study of American Eels was conducted to determine the impacts of five run-of-the-river hydroelectric dams located over a 195-km stretch of the Shenandoah River, Virginia-West Virginia, during fall 2007-summer 2010. Overall, 96 radio-tagged individuals (mean TL = 85.4 cm) migrated downstream past at least one dam during the study. Most American Eels passed dams relatively quickly; over half (57.9%) of the dam passage events occurred within 1 h of reaching a dam, andmost (81.3%) occurred within 24 h of reaching the dam. Two-thirds of the dam passage events occurred via spill, and the remaining passage events were through turbines. Migratory delays at dams were shorter and American Eels were more likely to pass via spill over the dam during periods of high river discharge than during low river discharge. The extent of delay in migration did not differ between the passage routes (spill versus turbine). Twenty-eight American Eels suffered turbine-related mortality, which occurred at all five dams. Mortality rates for eels passing through turbines ranged from 15.8% to 40.7% at individual dams. Overall project-specific mortality rates (with all passage routes combined) ranged from 3.0% to 14.3%. To protect downstream-migrating American Eels, nighttime turbine shutdowns (1800-0600 hours) were implemented during September 15-December 15. Fifty percent of all downstream passage events in the study occurred during the turbine shutdown period. Implementation of the seasonal turbine shutdown period reduced cumulative mortality from 63.3% to 37.3% for American Eels passing all five dams. Modifying the turbine shutdown period to encompass more dates in the spring and linking the shutdowns to environmental conditions could provide greater protection to downstream-migrating American Eels. C1 [Eyler, Sheila M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Midatlantic Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 177 Admiral Cochrane Dr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. [Welsh, Stuart A.] US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Smith, David R.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Aquat Ecol Lab, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA. [Rockey, Mary M.] 302 Grande Ave, Somerset, KY 42501 USA. RP Eyler, SM (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Midatlantic Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 177 Admiral Cochrane Dr, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. EM sheila_eyler@fws.gov FU PE Hydro Generation, LLC FX We thank PE Hydro Generation, LLC, for funding this study. We are grateful for the support of Kerry Bledsoe (West Virginia Department of Natural Resources) in ensuring that eel work was conducted as part of the relicensing studies for the Shenandoah River hydroelectric projects. We also thank those who assisted in field data collection, including Dustin Smith, Mike Mangold, Ian Park, Josh Newhard, and Brian Eyler. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 11 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 5 BP 964 EP 976 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1176954 PG 13 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DV2KU UT WOS:000382750200005 ER PT J AU Harris, JE Jolley, JC Silver, GS Yuen, H Whitesel, TA AF Harris, Julianne E. Jolley, Jeffrey C. Silver, Gregory S. Yuen, Henry Whitesel, Timothy A. TI An Experimental Evaluation of Electrofishing Catchability and Catch Depletion Abundance Estimates of Larval Lampreys in a Wadeable Stream: Use of a Hierarchical Approach SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FISH POPULATION-SIZE; PACIFIC LAMPREY; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; PRIOR INFORMATION; MARK-RECAPTURE; SINGLE-PASS; MODEL; RIVER; HABITAT AB Some lamprey species are in decline, and assessments of local abundance could benefit research and conservation. In wadeable streams, larval lampreys are collected by using specialized backpack electrofishing techniques, although catchability has not been sufficiently evaluated. We assessed removal models for estimating the local abundance of larval lampreys in experimental net-pen enclosures within a wadeable stream. Known numbers of larvae were seeded at densities of 4-130 larvae/m(2) into 1-m(2) enclosures that were lined with fine sand and placed into Cedar Creek, Washington (Columbia River basin). Depletion sampling in each enclosure (n = 69) was conducted by three to five electrofishing passes, and abundance was estimated by six removal models that assumed different catchability functions. Catchability averaged 0.28. For the standard removal model, which assumed that catchability varied independently by enclosure but not by pass, the 95% highest posterior density credible intervals (95% HPD-CIs) were very large relative to the abundance estimates. Models assuming that catchability was either equal or a random factor among all enclosures and passes generally produced accurate (mean bias = -0.04) estimates of abundance, and 95% HPD-CIs were much smaller. Based on our data set, the expected bias of abundance estimates for 80% of simulations was less than 20% if five passes were completed from at least four randomly selected quadrats and if catchability was assumed to be a random factor. Additional sampling may be needed at low lamprey densities (especially <4 larvae/m(2)). Our results suggest that local abundance of larval lampreys in wadeable streams can be effectively estimated by depletion sampling at multiple 1-m(2) quadrats and by use of a hierarchical removal model. C1 [Harris, Julianne E.; Jolley, Jeffrey C.; Silver, Gregory S.; Yuen, Henry; Whitesel, Timothy A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 1211 Southeast Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. RP Harris, JE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 1211 Southeast Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. EM julianne_harris@fws.gov NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 5 BP 1006 EP 1017 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1185034 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DV2KU UT WOS:000382750200008 ER PT J AU Fraley, KM Falke, JA Yanusz, R Ivey, S AF Fraley, Kevin M. Falke, Jeffrey A. Yanusz, Richard Ivey, Sam TI Seasonal Movements and Habitat Use of Potamodromous Rainbow Trout Across a Complex Alaska Riverscape SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SEX-BIASED DISPERSAL; SELECTION PROBABILITY FUNCTIONS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; WINTER MOVEMENTS; SOUTHWEST ALASKA; CHINOOK SALMON; BROWN TROUT; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BRITISH-COLUMBIA AB Potamodromous Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss are an important ecological and recreational resource in freshwater ecosystems of Alaska, and increased human development, hydroelectric projects, and reduced escapement of Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha may threaten their populations. We used aerial and on-the-ground telemetry tracking, a digital landscape model, and resource selection functions to characterize seasonal movements and habitat use of 232 adult (>400 mm FL) Rainbow Trout across the complex, large (31,221 km(2)) Susitna River basin of south-central Alaska during 2003-2004 and 2013-2014. We found that fish overwintered in main-stem habitats near tributary mouths from November to April. After ice-out in May, fish ascended tributaries up to 51 km to spawn and afterward moved downstream to lower tributary reaches, assumedly to intercept egg and flesh subsidies provided by spawning salmonids in July and August. Fish transitioned back to main-stem overwintering habitats at the onset of autumn when salmonid spawning waned. Fidelity to tributaries where fish were initially tagged varied across seasons but was high (>0.75) in three out of four drainages. Model-averaged resource selection functions suggested that Rainbow Trout habitat use varied seasonally; fish selected low-gradient, sinuous, main-stem stream reaches in the winter, reaches with suitably sized substrate during spawning, larger reaches during the feeding season prior to the arrival of spawning salmonids, and reaches with high Chinook Salmon spawning habitat potential following the arrival of adult fish. We found little difference in movement patterns between males and females among a subset of fish for which sex was determined using genetic analysis. As most Rainbow Trout undertake extensive movements within and among tributaries and make use of a variety of seasonal habitats to complete their life histories, it will be critical to take a basinwide approach to their management (i.e., habitat protection and angling bag limits) in light of anticipated land-use changes. C1 [Fraley, Kevin M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, POB 757220, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Falke, Jeffrey A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, POB 757020, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Yanusz, Richard; Ivey, Sam] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Sport Fish Div, 1800 Glenn Highway,Suite 2, Palmer, AK 99645 USA. RP Fraley, KM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, POB 757220, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM kmfraley@alaska.edu FU Alaska Department of Fish and Game; Mat-Su Basin Salmon Habitat Partnership; Rasmuson Foundation; Alaska Fly Fishers FX This work was supported by the Alaska Department of Fish and Game and the Mat-Su Basin Salmon Habitat Partnership and completed in partial fulfilment of a Master's degree of Fisheries at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF). The input and guidance of graduate committee members Dr. Megan McPhee of the UAF School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences and Dr. Anupma Prakash of the UAF Geophysical Institute were invaluable to this endeavor. The staff and facilities of the Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the Institute of Arctic Biology at the UAF were instrumental in the success of this project. Special thanks to field technician Michael Lunde, Dr. Andres Lopez for training and assistance with genetic techniques, Dr. Milo Adkison for input on statistical analyses, pilot Lance Williams (Wing and a Prayer Aviation), the Ruth Burnett Sport Fish Hatchery (Fairbanks, Alaska), and the Murray Springs Trout Hatchery (Eureka, Montana) for donating Rainbow Trout genetic samples of known sex. Thanks also to Kathleen Pearse for editorial assistance and to field volunteers Richard Hoffman, Brock Huntsman, Lauren Bailey, and John Fraley. Earlier versions of the manuscript benefitted from comments by Dr. Jason Dunham, Dr. Robert Hilderbrand, and an anonymous reviewer. Additional funding and support were provided by the Rasmuson Foundation and Alaska Fly Fishers. This work was conducted under UAF Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocol #450318-1 and Alaska Department of Fish and Game fish resource permits #SF2013-179 and SF2014-131. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 5 BP 1077 EP 1092 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1202320 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DV2KU UT WOS:000382750200014 ER PT J AU Muhlfeld, CC D'Angelo, VS Downs, C Powell, J Amish, S Luikart, G Kovach, R Boyer, M Kalinowski, S AF Muhlfeld, Clint C. D'Angelo, Vincent S. Downs, Christopher Powell, John Amish, Stephen Luikart, Gordon Kovach, Ryan Boyer, Matthew Kalinowski, Steven TI Genetic Status and Conservation of Westslope Cutthroat Trout in Glacier National Park SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID INTRODUCED RAINBOW-TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI-LEWISI; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; STREAM SALMONIDS; TRADE-OFFS; BULL TROUT; O-MYKISS; HYBRIDIZATION; SPREAD AB Invasive hybridization is one of the greatest threats to the persistence of Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi. Large protected areas, where nonhybridized populations are interconnected and express historical life history and genetic diversity, provide some of the last ecological and evolutionary strongholds for conserving this species. Here, we describe the genetic status and distribution of Westslope Cutthroat Trout throughout Glacier National Park, Montana. Admixture between Westslope Cutthroat Trout and introduced Rainbow Trout O. mykiss and Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii bouvieri was estimated by genotyping 1,622 fish collected at 115 sites distributed throughout the Columbia, Missouri, and South Saskatchewan River drainages. Currently, Westslope Cutthroat Trout occupy an estimated 1,465 km of stream habitat and 45 lakes (9,218 ha) in Glacier National Park. There was no evidence of introgression in samples from 32 sites along 587 km of stream length (40% of the stream kilometers currently occupied) and 17 lakes (2,555 ha; 46% of the lake area currently occupied). However, nearly all (97%) of the streams and lakes that were occupied by nonhybridized populations occurred in the Columbia River basin. Based on genetic status (nonnative genetic admixture <= 10%), 36 Westslope Cutthroat Trout populations occupying 821 km of stream and 5,482 ha of lakes were identified as "conservation populations." Most of the conservation populations (N = 27; 736 km of stream habitat) occurred in the Columbia River basin, whereas only a few geographically restricted populations were found in the South Saskatchewan River (N = 7; 55 km) and Missouri River (N = 2; 30 km) basins. Westslope Cutthroat Trout appear to be at imminent risk of genomic extinction in the South Saskatchewan and Missouri River basins, whereas populations in the Columbia River basin are widely distributed and conservation efforts are actively addressing threats from hybridization and other stressors. A diverse set of pro-active management approaches will be required to conserve, protect, and restore Westslope Cutthroat Trout populations in Glacier National Park throughout the 21st century. C1 [Muhlfeld, Clint C.; D'Angelo, Vincent S.; Kovach, Ryan] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Muhlfeld, Clint C.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, 32124 Bio Stn Lane, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Downs, Christopher] Natl Pk Serv, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Powell, John; Kalinowski, Steven] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Amish, Stephen] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Montana Conservat Genom Lab, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Div Biol Sci, Montana Conservat Genom Lab, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Boyer, Matthew] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Powell, John] Sault Ste Marie Tribe Chippewa Indians, Inland Fish & Wildlife Dept, Sault Ste Marie, MI 49783 USA. RP Muhlfeld, CC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.; Muhlfeld, CC (reprint author), Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, 32124 Bio Stn Lane, Polson, MT 59860 USA. EM cmuhlfeld@usgs.gov FU Department of the Interior's Natural Resource Protection Program FX C.C.M. and V.S.D. contributed equally to this paper. This work was funded by the Department of the Interior's Natural Resource Protection Program. We thank Carter Fredenberg, Brady Miller, Ben Galloway, Terra Marotz, Tommy Pederson, and Joe Giersch for assistance in the field. We are also grateful to Robert Al-Chokhachy and four anonymous reviewers for helpful suggestions and comments on the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 13 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 5 BP 1093 EP 1109 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1173587 PG 17 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DV2KU UT WOS:000382750200015 ER PT J AU Potoka, KM Shea, CP Bettoli, PW AF Potoka, Kathryn M. Shea, Colin P. Bettoli, Phillip W. TI Multispecies Occupancy Modeling as a Tool for Evaluating the Status and Distribution of Darters in the Elk River, Tennessee SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; MODIFYING DAM OPERATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; SPECIES RICHNESS; STREAM FISHES; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; DIVERSITY; CAERULEUM; SELECTION AB Sixteen darter species, including the federally endangered Boulder Darter Etheostoma wapiti, are known to occur in the Elk River, a large, flow-regulated tributary of the Tennessee River, Tennessee-Alabama. Since the construction of Tims Ford Dam (TFD) in 1970, habitat modification caused by cold, hypolimnetic water releases and peak-demand hydropower generation has contributed to population declines and range reductions for numerous aquatic species in the main-stem Elk River. We developed Bayesian hierarchical multispecies occupancy models to determine the influence of site-and species-level characteristics on darter occurrence by using presence-absence data for 15 species collected from 39 study sites. Modeling results indicated that large-river obligate species, such as the Boulder Darter, were 6.92 times more likely to occur for every 37-km increase in the distance downstream from TFD. In contrast, small-stream species were 2.35 times less likely and cosmopolitan species were 1.88 times less likely to occur for every 37-km increase in distance downstream from TFD. The probability of occurrence for darter species also had a strong negative relationship with the absence of cobble and boulder substrates and the presence of high silt levels, particularly for species that require boulder substrates during spawning. Although total darter species richness was similar across all 39 sample sites, the composition of darter assemblages varied substantially among locations, presumably due in part to species-specific habitat affinities and hydrothermal conditions. The use of multispecies occupancy models allowed us to account for the incomplete detection of species while estimating the influence of physical habitat characteristics and species traits on darter occurrences, including rarely observed species that would have been difficult to model individually. C1 [Potoka, Kathryn M.; Shea, Colin P.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Box 5114, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Bettoli, Phillip W.] Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Box 5114, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA. [Potoka, Kathryn M.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, 1610 Forrest Dr, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA. [Shea, Colin P.] Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservat Commiss, Fish & Wildlife Res Inst, Ctr Biostat & Modeling, 100 8th Ave Southeast, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA. RP Potoka, KM (reprint author), Tennessee Technol Univ, Tennessee Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Box 5114, Cookeville, TN 38505 USA.; Potoka, KM (reprint author), North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, 1610 Forrest Dr, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA. EM katy.potoka@ncwildlife.org FU USFWS; TVA; U.S. Geological Survey; Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research Unit; Tennessee Technological University; Center for the Management, Utilization, and Protection of Water Resources FX Funding and support for this project were provided by the USFWS; TVA; U.S. Geological Survey; Tennessee Cooperative Fishery Research Unit; Tennessee Technological University; and the Center for the Management, Utilization, and Protection of Water Resources. This manuscript benefitted from the constructive comments offered by two anonymous reviewers. Many thanks are extended to Mary Jennings, Peggy Shute, and Todd Shaw (USFWS); Charlie Saylor (TVA); and Pat Rakes and J. R. Shute (Conservation Fisheries, Inc.) for sharing knowledge, ideas, and suggestions that greatly improved the quality of the research project and manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 48 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 5 BP 1110 EP 1121 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1201002 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DV2KU UT WOS:000382750200016 ER PT S AU Lovelock, CE Krauss, KW Osland, MJ Reef, R Ball, MC AF Lovelock, Catherine E. Krauss, Ken W. Osland, Michael J. Reef, Ruth Ball, Marilyn C. BE Goldstein, G Santiago, LS TI The Physiology of Mangrove Trees with Changing Climate SO TROPICAL TREE PHYSIOLOGY: ADAPTATIONS AND RESPONSES IN A CHANGING ENVIRONMENT SE Tree Physiology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Elevated CO2; Flooding; Plasticity; Salinity; Water uptake ID PHOTOSYNTHETIC GAS-EXCHANGE; DWARF RHIZOPHORA-MANGLE; WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; GULF-OF-MEXICO; SEA-LEVEL RISE; AVICENNIA-MARINA; LAGUNCULARIA-RACEMOSA; BRUGUIERA-GYMNORRHIZA; CERIOPS-TAGAL; AEGICERAS-CORNICULATUM AB Mangrove forests grow on saline, permanently or periodically flooded soils of the tropical and subtropical coasts. The tree species that compose the mangrove are halophytes that have suites of traits that confer differing levels of tolerance of salinity, aridity, inundation and extremes of temperature. Here we review how climate change and elevated levels of atmospheric CO2 will influence mangrove forests. Tolerance of salinity and inundation in mangroves is associated with the efficient use of water for photosynthetic carbon gain which underpins anticipated gains in productivity with increasing levels of CO2. We review evidence of increases in productivity with increasing CO2, finding that enhancements in growth appear to be similar to trees in non-mangrove habitats and that gains in productivity with elevated CO2 are likely due to changes in biomass allocation. High levels of trait plasticity are observed in some mangrove species, which potentially facilitates their responses to climate change. Trait plasticity is associated with broad tolerance of salinity, aridity, low temperatures and nutrient availability. Because low temperatures and aridity place strong limits on mangrove growth at the edge of their current distribution, increasing temperatures over time and changing rainfall patterns are likely to have an important influence on the distribution of mangroves. We provide a global analysis based on plant traits and IPCC scenarios of changing temperature and aridity that indicates substantial global potential for mangrove expansion. C1 [Lovelock, Catherine E.; Reef, Ruth] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Krauss, Ken W.; Osland, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA. [Ball, Marilyn C.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Lovelock, CE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. EM c.lovelock@uq.edu.au; kkrauss@usgs.gov; mosland@usgs.gov; r.reef@uq.edu.au; Marilyn.Ball@anu.edu.au NR 158 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-2544 BN 978-3-319-27422-5; 978-3-319-27420-1 J9 TREE PHYSIOL-NETH PY 2016 VL 6 BP 149 EP 179 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5_7 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-27422-5 PG 31 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA BF5XG UT WOS:000382766800008 ER PT B AU Vepraskas, MJ Polizzotto, M Faulkner, SP AF Vepraskas, Michael J. Polizzotto, Matthew Faulkner, Stephen P. BE Vepraskas, MJ Craft, CB TI Redox Chemistry of Hydric Soils SO WETLAND SOILS: GENESIS, HYDROLOGY, LANDSCAPES, AND CLASSIFICATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FRESH-WATER WETLANDS; ORGANIC-MATTER; FERROUS IRON; PHOSPHORUS; REDUCTION; SULFUR; PH; SEDIMENTS; MANGANESE; NITROGEN C1 [Vepraskas, Michael J.; Polizzotto, Matthew] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Faulkner, Stephen P.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA. RP Vepraskas, MJ (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Soil Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-9800-0; 978-1-4398-9698-3 PY 2016 BP 105 EP 132 PG 28 WC Soil Science; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BF4SQ UT WOS:000381642700005 ER PT J AU Wang, WL Rinke, A Moore, JC Ji, DY Cui, XF Peng, SS Lawrence, DM McGuire, AD Burke, EJ Chen, XD Decharme, B Koven, C MacDougall, A Saito, K Zhang, WX Alkama, R Bohn, TJ Ciais, P Delire, C Gouttevin, I Hajima, T Krinner, G Lettenmaier, DP Miller, PA Smith, B Sueyoshi, T Sherstiukov, AB AF Wang, Wenli Rinke, Annette Moore, John C. Ji, Duoying Cui, Xuefeng Peng, Shushi Lawrence, David M. McGuire, A. David Burke, Eleanor J. Chen, Xiaodong Decharme, Bertrand Koven, Charles MacDougall, Andrew Saito, Kazuyuki Zhang, Wenxin Alkama, Ramdane Bohn, Theodore J. Ciais, Philippe Delire, Christine Gouttevin, Isabelle Hajima, Tomohiro Krinner, Gerhard Lettenmaier, Dennis P. Miller, Paul A. Smith, Benjamin Sueyoshi, Tetsuo Sherstiukov, Artem B. TI Evaluation of air-soil temperature relationships simulated by land surface models during winter across the permafrost region SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID GROUND THERMAL REGIME; SNOW WATER EQUIVALENT; EARTH SYSTEM MODEL; CLIMATE MODEL; ALPINE SITE; COVER; SCHEME; ENERGY; DEPTH; PARAMETERIZATION AB A realistic simulation of snow cover and its thermal properties are important for accurate modelling of permafrost. We analyse simulated relationships between air and near-surface (20 cm) soil temperatures in the Northern Hemisphere permafrost region during winter, with a particular focus on snow insulation effects in nine land surface models, and compare them with observations from 268 Russian stations. There are large cross-model differences in the simulated differences between near-surface soil and air temperatures (Delta T; 3 to 14 degrees C), in the sensitivity of soil-to-air temperature (0.13 to 0.96 degrees C degrees C-1), and in the relationship between Delta T and snow depth. The observed relationship between Delta T and snow depth can be used as a metric to evaluate the effects of each model's representation of snow insulation, hence guide improvements to the model's conceptual structure and process parameterisations. Models with better performance apply multilayer snow schemes and consider complex snow processes. Some models show poor performance in representing snow insulation due to underestimation of snow depth and/or overestimation of snow conductivity. Generally, models identified as most acceptable with respect to snow insulation simulate reasonable areas of near-surface permafrost (13.19 to 15.77 million km(2)). However, there is not a simple relationship between the sophistication of the snow insulation in the acceptable models and the simulated area of Northern Hemisphere near-surface permafrost, because several other factors, such as soil depth used in the models, the treatment of soil organic matter content, hydrology and vegetation cover, also affect the simulated permafrost distribution. C1 [Wang, Wenli; Rinke, Annette; Moore, John C.; Ji, Duoying] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Rinke, Annette] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res AWI, Alfred Wegener Inst, Potsdam, Germany. [Cui, Xuefeng] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Peng, Shushi; Gouttevin, Isabelle; Krinner, Gerhard] French Natl Ctr Sci Res, Lab Glaciol, Grenoble, France. [Lawrence, David M.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Burke, Eleanor J.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England. [Bohn, Theodore J.; Lettenmaier, Dennis P.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Decharme, Bertrand; Alkama, Ramdane; Delire, Christine] Unite Mixte Rech CNRS Meteofrance, Grp Etud Atmosphere Meteorol, Toulouse, France. [Koven, Charles] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [MacDougall, Andrew] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Saito, Kazuyuki; Hajima, Tomohiro] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Zhang, Wenxin; Miller, Paul A.; Smith, Benjamin] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, Lund, Sweden. [Sueyoshi, Tetsuo] Natl Inst Polar Res, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan. [Saito, Kazuyuki] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Alkama, Ramdane] IES, Ispra, Italy. [Peng, Shushi; Krinner, Gerhard] Univ Grenoble Alpes, LGGE, Grenoble, France. [Peng, Shushi; Ciais, Philippe] Univ Versailles St Quentin En Yvelines, French Natl Ctr Sci Res, French Alternat Energies & Atom Energy Commiss, Climate & Environm Sci Lab, Saclay, France. [Zhang, Wenxin] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Geosci & Nat Resource Management, Ctr Permafrost CENPERM, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Sherstiukov, Artem B.] All Russian Res Inst Hydrometeorol Informat, World Data Ctr, Obninsk, Russia. [Chen, Xiaodong] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Ji, DY (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM duoyingji@bnu.edu.cn RI Krinner, Gerhard/A-6450-2011; Smith, Benjamin/I-1212-2016; Moore, John/B-2868-2013; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; OI Krinner, Gerhard/0000-0002-2959-5920; Smith, Benjamin/0000-0002-6987-5337; Moore, John/0000-0001-8271-5787; Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065; Rinke, Annette/0000-0002-6685-9219 FU Permafrost Carbon Vulnerability Research Coordination Network - US National Science Foundation (NSF); Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Program [GA01101]; European Union [282700]; NSF [1216037]; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-CEPL-012-03]; integrated approaches and impacts, China Global Change Program (973 Project), National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB953602]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [40905047] FX This study was supported by the Permafrost Carbon Vulnerability Research Coordination Network, which is funded by the US National Science Foundation (NSF). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. Eleanor J. Burke was supported by the Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Program (GA01101). Eleanor J. Burke, Shushi Peng, Philippe Ciais and Gerhard Krinner were supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Program (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 282700. Theodore J. Bohn was supported by grant 1216037 from the NSF Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability (SEES) Post-Doctoral Fellowship program. Bertrand Decharme, Ramdane Alkama and Christine Delire were supported by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche under agreement ANR-10-CEPL-012-03. This research was sponsored by the integrated approaches and impacts, China Global Change Program (973 Project), National Basic Research Program of China Grant 2015CB953602 and the National Natural Science Foundation of China Grant 40905047. We also thank the editor and reviewers for their comments which improved the manuscript. NR 69 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 7 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 1721 EP 1737 DI 10.5194/tc-10-1721-2016 PG 17 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DT1BZ UT WOS:000381218000015 ER PT S AU Schramm, HL Ickes, BS AF Schramm, Harold L., Jr. Ickes, Brian S. BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI The Mississippi River: A Place for Fish SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; HABITAT USE; USA; CONNECTIVITY; ASSEMBLAGES; BACKWATERS; MANAGEMENT; NAVIGATION; ECOSYSTEM; NITROGEN AB The Mississippi River flows 3,734 km from its source at Lake Itasca, Minnesota to its outlet at the Gulf of Mexico. Along its course, it collects water from portions of two Canadian provinces and 41% of the conterminous United States. Although greatly altered for navigation and flood control throughout much of its length, the Mississippi River remains an important fishery resource that provides habitat for 188 species of fishes and recreational and commercial fishing opportunities. The objectives of this chapter are to describe the contemporary fisheries habitat throughout the Mississippi River, identify how management to achieve human benefits influences the fishes and their habitats, and summarize efforts to conserve and enhance fish habitat. The 826-km headwater reach is entirely in Minnesota and remains largely unaltered. The reaches that extend 1,059 km from St. Anthony Falls, Minnesota to above the confluence with the Missouri River near St. Louis, Missouri have been altered by impoundment that has affected floodplain function, increased sedimentation of backwaters, and homogenized the formerly diverse aquatic habitats. After the confluence with the Missouri River, the Mississippi River flows freely for 1,849 km to the Gulf of Mexico. The alterations of the free-flowing reaches of greatest significance to the fisheries resource are reducing the duration and height of the flood pulse as a consequence of shortening the river channel, disconnection of the river from its historic and present floodplain, and loss of secondary channel-island complexes. Engineering features to improve commercial navigation have also added habitat and, when wisely manipulated, can be used to rehabilitate habitat. Some aspects of water quality have improved, but legacy chemicals and nutrient-laden inflows and sediments remain problems. Although true restoration in the sense of restoring all environmental conditions to an unaltered state is unlikely, the future value of the Mississippi River as a fisheries resource will depend on actively maintaining diverse and accessible aquatic habitats to support food webs and water quality suitable for fishes. C1 [Schramm, Harold L., Jr.] Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Ickes, Brian S.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. RP Schramm, HL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM hschramm@usgs.gov NR 122 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 3 EP 34 PG 32 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500001 ER PT S AU Schramm, HL Hatch, JT Hrabik, RA Slack, WT AF Schramm, Harold L., Jr. Hatch, Jay T. Hrabik, Robert A. Slack, William T. BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Fishes of the Mississippi River SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID SMALL-BODIED FISHES; PALLID STURGEON; HABITATS; SYSTEMS; TRAWL AB This chapter provides a listing of fishes known to be present in the Mississippi River from the headwaters at Lake Itasca, Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico terminus. A total of 188 species are presently known from the Mississippi River, including 3 diadromous species and 17 normative species that have established self-sustaining populations in one or more reaches of the Mississippi River. Species are classified into three relative abundance categories and noted as residents, peripherals, introduced (established nonnatives), or strays (introduced but not established). The diversity of fishes varies longitudinally with 78 species in the reach from the headwaters to St. Anthony Falls; 113 and 105 species in the upper (Upper St. Anthony Lock and Dam to Pool 13) and lower (Pools 14-26) impounded reaches, respectively; and 121 and 136 species in the upper (Missouri River confluence to Ohio River confluence) and lower (Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico outlet) free-flowing reaches, respectively. Although the composition of the Mississippi River fish fauna has changed little despite more than 80 years of habitat alteration, the extirpation of five species in individual reaches of the river may be a forewarning of a system losing resiliency and indicate the need for habitat conservation and rehabilitation to conserve the biodiversity of North America's largest river. C1 [Schramm, Harold L., Jr.] Mississippi State Univ, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hatch, Jay T.] Univ Minnesota, James Ford Bell Museum Nat Hist, 10 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hrabik, Robert A.] Missouri Dept Conservat, 2206 West St Joseph St, Perryville, MO 63775 USA. [Slack, William T.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn EEA, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Schramm, HL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM hschramm@usgs.gov NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 53 EP 77 PG 25 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500003 ER PT S AU Phelps, QE Baerwaldt, K Chen, DQ Du, H Shen, L Wang, CY Wei, QW Zhang, H Hoover, JJ AF Phelps, Quinton E. Baerwaldt, Kelly Chen, Daqing Du, Hao Shen, Li Wang, Chenyou Wei, Qiwei Zhang, Hui Hoover, Jan Jeffrey BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Paddlefishes and Sturgeons of the Yangtze and Mississippi Rivers: Status, Biology, and Management SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID PSEPHURUS-GLADIUS MARTENS; POLYODON-SPATHULA; PALLID STURGEON; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; ACIPENSER-DABRYANUS; CHINESE PADDLEFISH; LIFE-HISTORY; SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-PLATORYNCHUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; LAKE STURGEON AB Paddlefishes (Polyodontidae) and sturgeons (Acipenseridae) are taxa of large, ancient fish shared by the Yangtze and Mississippi River basins. In the Yangtze, native Chinese Paddlefish (also known as Chinese Swordfish) Psephurus gladius are functionally extinct and Chinese Sturgeon Acipenser sinensis and Dabry's Sturgeon A. dabryanus are maintained through stocking. In the Mississippi River, native Paddlefish Polyodon spathula are secure, Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus are endangered, Shovelnose Sturgeon S. platorynchus are threatened, and Lake Sturgeon A. fulvescens are locally imperiled, although large robust populations of all these species exist in portions of their ranges. Paddlefishes and sturgeons of both rivers are habitat specialists, mature late in life (>7 years), and do not spawn every year (1 -3 -year intervals). With the exception of the Chinese Sturgeon, populations of all these species can be managed in both rivers through a combination of habitat preservation, habitat restoration, flow regulation, stocking of hatchery -reared fish, and regulation of harvest. C1 [Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. [Baerwaldt, Kelly] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Midwest Reg, 1511 47th Ave, Moline, IL 61265 USA. [Chen, Daqing; Du, Hao; Shen, Li; Wang, Chenyou; Wei, Qiwei; Zhang, Hui] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yangtze River Fisheries Res Inst, 8,1st Wudayuan Rd,East Lake Hitech Dev Zone, Wuhan 430223, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Hoover, Jan Jeffrey] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Phelps, QE (reprint author), Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. EM quinton.phelps@mdc.mo.gov NR 127 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 93 EP 112 PG 20 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500005 ER PT S AU Chapman, DC Chen, DQ Hoover, JJ Du, H Phelps, QE Shen, L Wang, CY Wei, QW Zhang, H AF Chapman, Duane C. Chen, Daqing Hoover, Jan Jeffrey Du, Hao Phelps, Quinton E. Shen, Li Wang, Chenyou Wei, Qiwei Zhang, Hui BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Bigheaded Carps of the Yangtze and Mississippi Rivers: Biology, Status, and Management SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; INVASIVE ASIAN CARP; SILVER CARP; HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS-MOLITRIX; INTROGRESSIVE HYBRIDIZATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; ARISTICHTHYS-NOBILIS; ILLINOIS RIVER; BASIN; CONSERVATION AB Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix are native in the Yangtze River and extremely important economically and culturally as food fishes; however, the two species have declined due to overfishing and anthropogenic modifications to hydrology and water quality. Bighead Carp and Silver Carp were imported to North America in the early 1970s, escaped confinement, and have now become undesirable and problematic invasive species. The two carps have become the most abundant fish species in many portions of their invaded range, which continues to expand. We compare the biology, status, and management of these species between their natal range in the Yangtze River and their invaded habitats of the Mississippi River basin. C1 [Chapman, Duane C.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Chen, Daqing; Du, Hao; Shen, Li; Wang, Chenyou; Wei, Qiwei; Zhang, Hui] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yangtze River Fisheries Res Inst, 8,1st Wudayuan Rd,East Lake Hitech Dev Zone, Wuhan 430223, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Hoover, Jan Jeffrey] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. RP Chapman, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM dchapman@usgs.gov NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 113 EP 126 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500006 ER PT S AU Benjamin, GL Rodgers, AJ Killgore, KJ AF Benjamin, Gretchen L. Rodgers, Angeline J. Killgore, K. Jack BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Mississippi River Ecosystem Restoration: The Past Forty-Plus Years SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff AB Ecosystem restoration of the Mississippi River main stem has been ongoing since the early 1970s. After the passage of environmental laws in the late 1960s to the early 1970s, private citizens and state and federal natural resource agency managers began to seek programs and funding for restoration and conservation that eventually resulted in mitigation measures of adverse impacts. Environmental-type actions that include the Great River Environmental Action Team, the Avoid and Minimize program, the middle Mississippi River biological opinion, and the lower Mississippi River conservation plan and biological opinion originated from laws or legal action. The Upper Mississippi River Restoration, Navigation and Ecosystem Sustainability Program, Restoring America's Greatest River, and Operation and Maintenance activities, which support system ecological restoration measures, are, to a large extent, done in a cooperative setting to improve the river for multiple benefits. This coalition of agencies and professions has resulted in the application of hundreds of different types of measures to restore form and function to the third largest river in the world. Over the years, dredging and disposal practices have improved in an effort to minimize the impacts from these activities. Lost floodplain islands have been replaced, backwater lakes and channel depths have been recovered, active river flow has been reintroduced to backwaters, and microhabitats for special concern species have been restored, all to recreate broad functional floodplain habitat. Wing-dike and side-channel closure structures have been shortened, notched, or removed to recover flow along the main-channel border and side channels, increasing hydraulic residence time and recovering valuable habitat along with restoring nutrient and sediment assimilation processes the floodplain provides. Field monitoring has shown positive responses from endangered and threatened species, migratory and resident aquatic and wildlife species, abiotic conditions like water quality, and increased use by humans enjoying the benefit of a restored river system. Collectively, this work is some of the most extensive large river restoration in the world, but it only represents a small contribution to what is necessary to maintain a diverse and resilient Mississippi River. The information provided in this chapter provides a basis for continuing restoration efforts that should become a routine part of Mississippi River management. C1 [Benjamin, Gretchen L.] Nature Conservancy, Missouri Chapter Field Off, POB 440400, St Louis, MO 63144 USA. [Rodgers, Angeline J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 6578 Dogwood View Pkwy,Suite A, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. [Killgore, K. Jack] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Benjamin, GL (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, Missouri Chapter Field Off, POB 440400, St Louis, MO 63144 USA. EM gbenjamin@tnc.org NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 311 EP 350 PG 40 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500015 ER PT B AU Fisher, RN AF Fisher, Robert N. BE Dodd, CK TI Planning and setting objectives in field studies SO REPTILE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID REPTILES C1 [Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. RP Fisher, RN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92101 USA. EM rfisher@usgs.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-872614-2; 978-0-19-872613-5 J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT PY 2016 BP 16 EP 31 D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198726135.001.0001 PG 16 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA BF5NE UT WOS:000382301800003 ER PT B AU Gotte, SW Jacobs, JF Zug, GR AF Gotte, Steve W. Jacobs, Jeremy F. Zug, George R. BE Dodd, CK TI Preserving reptiles for research SO REPTILE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Gotte, Steve W.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Jacobs, Jeremy F.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Museum Support Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Zug, George R.] Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Museum Support Ctr, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 27046 USA. Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Vertebrate Zool MRC162, POB 37012, Washington, DC 20013 USA. EM sgotte@usgs.gov; jacobsj@si.edu; zugg@si.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-872614-2; 978-0-19-872613-5 J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT PY 2016 BP 73 EP 86 D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198726135.001.0001 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA BF5NE UT WOS:000382301800007 ER PT B AU Sutherland, C Royle, JA AF Sutherland, Chris Royle, J. Andrew BE Dodd, CK TI Estimating abundance SO REPTILE ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION: A HANDBOOK OF TECHNIQUES SE Techniques in Ecology and Conservation Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; DATA AUGMENTATION; CLOSED POPULATION; DESERT TORTOISE; REPTILES; HETEROGENEITY; AMPHIBIANS; DENSITIES; SURVIVAL; ANIMALS C1 [Sutherland, Chris] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01379 USA. [Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA. RP Sutherland, C (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Environm Conservat, Amherst, MA 01379 USA. EM csutherland@umass.edu; andy_royle@usgs.gov NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 198 MADISON AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016 USA BN 978-0-19-872614-2; 978-0-19-872613-5 J9 TECH ECOL CONSERVAT PY 2016 BP 388 EP 401 D2 10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198726135.001.0001 PG 14 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA BF5NE UT WOS:000382301800028 ER PT J AU Bock, AR Hay, LE McCabe, GJ Markstrom, SL Atkinson, RD AF Bock, Andrew R. Hay, Lauren E. McCabe, Gregory J. Markstrom, Steven L. Atkinson, R. Dwight TI Parameter regionalization of a monthly water balance model for the conterminous United States SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID COUPLED REACTION SYSTEMS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; UNGAUGED CATCHMENTS; RATE COEFFICIENTS; HYDROLOGIC MODEL; SWAT MODEL; CALIBRATION; VALIDATION; UNCERTAINTIES; PRECIPITATION AB A parameter regionalization scheme to transfer parameter values from gaged to ungaged areas for a monthly water balance model (MWBM) was developed and tested for the conterminous United States (CONUS). The Fourier Amplitude Sensitivity Test, a global-sensitivity algorithm, was implemented on a MWBM to generate parameter sensitivities on a set of 109 951 hydrologic response units (HRUs) across the CONUS. The HRUs were grouped into 110 calibration regions based on similar parameter sensitivities. Subsequently, measured runoff from 1575 streamgages within the calibration regions were used to calibrate the MWBM parameters to produce parameter sets for each calibration region. Measured and simulated runoff at the 1575 streamgages showed good correspondence for the majority of the CONUS, with a median computed Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of 0.76 over all streamgages. These methods maximize the use of available runoff information, resulting in a calibrated CONUS-wide application of the MWBM suitable for providing estimates of water availability at the HRU resolution for both gaged and ungaged areas of the CONUS. C1 [Bock, Andrew R.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,MS 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Hay, Lauren E.; McCabe, Gregory J.; Markstrom, Steven L.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,MS 413, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Atkinson, R. Dwight] US EPA, Off Water 4503T, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20004 USA. RP Bock, AR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,MS 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM abock@usgs.gov FU US Department of Interior South Central Climate Science Center; US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water; US Geological Survey WaterSMART initiative; USGS Core Science Systems (CSS) Mission Area FX This research was financially supported by the US Department of Interior South Central Climate Science Center (http://southcentralclimate.org/), US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Water, and the US Geological Survey WaterSMART initiative. This paper is a product of discussions and activities that took place at the USGS John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis (https://powellcenter.usgs.gov/). Further project support was provided by the Jeff Falgout of the USGS Core Science Systems (CSS) Mission Area. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2016 VL 20 IS 7 BP 2861 EP 2876 DI 10.5194/hess-20-2861-2016 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DS9KN UT WOS:000381101700004 ER PT J AU Bergstedt, RA Argyle, RL Taylor, WW Krueger, CC AF Bergstedt, Roger A. Argyle, Ray L. Taylor, William W. Krueger, Charles C. TI Seasonal and Diel Bathythermal Distributions of Lake Whitefish in Lake Huron: Potential Implications for Lake Trout Bycatch in Commercial Fisheries SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM TRENDS; GREAT-LAKES; HABITAT USE; THERMAL HABITAT; STRAINS; ONTARIO; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; COMMUNITY; MODEL AB Depths and temperatures recorded during 2003-2005 by archival tags implanted in Lake Whitefish Coregonus clupeaformis and in Great Lakes origin (GLO) and New York Finger Lakes origin (FLO) strains of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush were used to compare seasonal diel depth and temperature distributions in Lake Huron. Seasonal depth distributions were examined to determine if species differences could be exploited to reduce bycatch of Lake Trout in commercial Lake Whitefish gill-net fisheries. Both GLO and FLO Lake Trout used deeper and colder waters than Lake Whitefish during daylight and dark. Temperature differences between species were greatest during periods of stratification when behavioral thermoregulation was possible. Other than during spawning periods, the greatest depth and temperature separation occurred in late July between FLO Lake Trout (37.0 m; 6.5 degrees C) and Lake Whitefish (25.1 m; 10.2 degrees C). If maximum depths of gill nets were regulated seasonally to between 25 and 35 m,>= 50% of the Lake Whitefish population would be vulnerable while avoiding 89% or more of Lake Trout. Lake Trout percentages targeted under such regulations would be lowest in late July (GLO=8% and FLO=11%) and early August (GLO=4% and FLO=7%). However, archival tags measure fish depth and not location or bottom depth, and modal depths of gill-net effort for Lake Whitefish (38 to 57 m) exceeded those from the Lake Whitefish archival tag data. This discrepancy suggests that many Lake Whitefish might be pelagic above the reach of bottom-set gill nets, so depth restrictions could be less effective in reducing Lake Trout bycatch than suggested by our data. A further implication is that use of gill nets suspended above the bottom to target pelagic Lake Whitefish could also reduce bycatch while potentially increasing Lake Whitefish harvest. C1 [Bergstedt, Roger A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Argyle, Ray L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Taylor, William W.; Krueger, Charles C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, 1405 South Harrison Rd, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Bergstedt, RA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM rjbergstedt@gmail.com FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through Great Lakes Fishery Trust; Great Lakes Fishery Commission FX We thank Mary K. Jones, Karen Slaght, Dave Keffer, and Erick Larson of the U.S. Geological Survey's Hammond Bay Biological Station for their professionalism and support in the conduct of this study, Mark Ebener for his help in coordinating fish collections from the tribal fisheries and helping to focus our thinking regarding Lake Whitefish management, Jim Bence for assistance with statistical analyses, and three anonymous reviewers for constructive and beneficial comments. Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Great Lakes Fishery Trust, and the Great Lakes Fishery Commission. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 705 EP 719 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1165771 PG 15 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600001 ER PT J AU Long, JM Melstrom, RT AF Long, James M. Melstrom, Richard T. TI Measuring the Relationship between Sportfishing Trip Expenditures and Anglers' Species Preferences SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID WILDLIFE-AGENCIES; ECONOMIC-IMPACTS; VALUES; CONSERVATION; RESERVOIRS; FISHERIES; RIVER AB We examined the relationship between fishing trip expenditures and anglers' species preferences from a survey of Oklahoma resident anglers conducted in 2014. Understanding patterns in fishing trip expenditures is important because a significant share of state wildlife agency revenue comes from taxes on purchases of fishing equipment. Presently, there is little research that addresses the question of how spending levels vary within groups of sportspersons, including anglers. We used regression analysis to identify a relationship between trip spending and several preference variables, and included controls for other characteristics of fishing trips, such as location, party size, and duration. We received 780 surveys for a response rate of 26%, but only 506 were useable due to missing data or nonfishing responses. Average trip expenditures were approximately US$140, regardless of species preferences, but anglers who preferred to fish for trout and black bass tended to spend more than those who preferred to fish for catfish and panfish. These results were even more pronounced when location was considered, those who last fished at lakes spending more than those who fished at rivers or ponds. The results underscore the differences in spending among anglers with different preferred species and fishing locations. C1 [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Melstrom, Richard T.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Agr Econ, 317 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Long, JM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM longjm@okstate.edu FU Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Geological Survey; Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX The authors thank the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and Corey Jager for providing the angler data. We thank H. Schramm, L. Sanders, and A. Taylor for constructive comments that improved the manuscript. Financial support for Melstrom was provided by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station and U.S. Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture. The Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is supported by U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma State University, the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (cooperating). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 731 EP 737 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1167142 PG 7 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600003 ER PT J AU Galloway, BT Muhlfeld, CC Guy, CS Downs, CC Fredenberg, WA AF Galloway, Benjamin T. Muhlfeld, Clint C. Guy, Christopher S. Downs, Christopher C. Fredenberg, Wade A. TI A Framework for Assessing the Feasibility of Native Fish Conservation Translocations: Applications to Threatened Bull Trout SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID GLACIER-NATIONAL-PARK; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BROOK TROUT; LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS; ASSISTED COLONIZATION; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SPECIES RICHNESS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; NONNATIVE FISH; RIVER SYSTEM AB There is an urgent need to consider more aggressive and direct interventions for the conservation of freshwater fishes that are threatened by invasive species, habitat loss, and climate change. Conservation introduction (moving a species outside its indigenous range to other areas where conditions are predicted to be more suitable) is one type of translocation strategy that fisheries managers can use to establish new conservation populations in areas of refugia. To date, however, there are few examples of successful conservation-based introductions. Many attempts fail to establish new populations-in part because environmental factors that might influence success are inadequately evaluated before the translocation is implemented. We developed a framework to assess the feasibility of rescuing threatened fish populations through translocation into historically unoccupied stream and lake habitats. The suitability of potential introduction sites was evaluated based on four major components: the recipient habitat, recipient community, donor population, and future threats. Specific questions were then developed to evaluate each major component. The final assessment was based on a scoring system that addressed each question by using criteria developed from characteristics representative of highly suitable habitats and populations. This framework was used to evaluate the proposed within-drainage translocation of three Bull Trout Salvelinus confluentus populations in Glacier National Park, Montana. Our results indicated that within-drainage translocation is a feasible strategy for conserving locally adapted populations of Bull Trout through the creation of new areas of refugia in Glacier National Park. The framework provides a flexible platform that can help managers make informed decisions for moving threatened fishes into new areas of refugia for conservation and recovery programs. C1 [Galloway, Benjamin T.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Muhlfeld, Clint C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Muhlfeld, Clint C.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, 32125 Bio Stn Lane, Polson, MT 59860 USA. [Guy, Christopher S.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Downs, Christopher C.] Natl Pk Serv, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Fredenberg, Wade A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Creston Fish & Wildlife Ctr, 780 Creston Hatchery Rd, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. RP Galloway, BT (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM ben.galloway@msu.montana.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through Science Support Partnership FX We are grateful to T. Pederson, V. D'Angelo, B. Miller, A. White, and C. Fredenberg for field assistance and J. Giersch for production of manuscript figures. Funding for the project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Science Support Partnership. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 20 U2 21 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 754 EP 768 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1146177 PG 15 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600006 ER PT J AU Docker, MF Silver, GS Jolley, JC Spice, EK AF Docker, Margaret F. Silver, Gregory S. Jolley, Jeffrey C. Spice, Erin K. TI Simple Genetic Assay Distinguishes Lamprey Genera Entosphenus and Lampetra: Comparison with Existing Genetic and Morphological Identification Methods SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID PACIFIC LAMPREY; PETROMYZONTIDAE; TRIDENTATUS; PHYLOGENY; COLUMBIA AB Several species of lamprey belonging to the genera Entosphenus and Lampetra, including the widely distributed Pacific Lamprey E. tridentatus and Western Brook Lamprey L. richardsoni, co-occur along the West Coast of North America. These genera can be difficult to distinguish morphologically during their first few years of larval life in freshwater, thus hampering research and conservation efforts. However, existing genetic identification methods are time consuming or expensive. Here, we describe a simpler genetic assay using the Pacific Lamprey microsatellite locus Etr-1; the assay was found to be 100% reliable in distinguishing Entosphenus from Lampetra, even in genetically divergent Lampetra populations. Using a sample of 244 larvae (18-136 mm TL) from the Columbia River basin, we tested the accuracy with which previously described differences in caudal fin pigmentation can distinguish these genera. Attempts at morphological identification were abandoned for 50-mm and smaller larvae because differences in caudal fin pigmentation were very difficult to discern. However, morphological identification was correct for 81.8% of 51-70- mm larvae and 100% of 71-mm and larger larvae, which roughly corresponds with the results of previous studies. In agreement with previous work using mitochondrial DNA, our assay also supported placement of the Kern Brook Lamprey L. hubbsi (formerly E. hubbsi) into the genus Lampetra. C1 [Docker, Margaret F.; Spice, Erin K.] Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, 50 Sifton Rd, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. [Silver, Gregory S.; Jolley, Jeffrey C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, 1211 Southeast Cardinal Court,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA. RP Docker, MF (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, 50 Sifton Rd, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada. EM margaret.docker@umanitoba.ca NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 780 EP 787 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1167146 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600008 ER PT J AU Andrews, TC Shepard, BB Litt, AR Kruse, CG Nelson, ML Clancey, P Zale, AV Taper, ML Kalinowski, ST AF Andrews, Tessa C. Shepard, Bradley B. Litt, Andrea R. Kruse, Carter G. Nelson, M. Lee Clancey, Patrick Zale, Alexander V. Taper, Mark L. Kalinowski, Steven T. TI Performance of Juvenile Cutthroat Trout Translocated as Embryos from Five Populations into a Common Habitat SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI-LEWISI; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; DENSITY-DEPENDENT GROWTH; EGG SIZE; CHINOOK SALMON; BROOK TROUT; BROWN TROUT; FRESH-WATER; PEDIGREE RECONSTRUCTION; OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION AB The distributions of most native trout species in western North America have been severely reduced, and conservation of many of these species will require translocation into vacant habitats following removal of nonnative species. A critical question managers have is "Does it matter which donor sources are used for these translocations?" We present a case study that addressed this question for a large native trout translocation project in Montana. We introduced embryos from five source populations of Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi to a large, fishless watershed in Montana following removal of nonnative fish with piscicides. Source populations providing embryos for translocations were three nearby (< 120 km) wild populations, the state of Montana's captive Westslope Cutthroat Trout hatchery conservation population (initiated 32 years ago using fish from wild populations located > 350 km from the translocation site), and a population in captivity for one generation comprised of individuals from the three wild populations used as single sources for this project, which were variably crossed (59% within populations and 41% between populations) to provide embryos. We used remote-site incubators at six different sites to introduce approximately 35,000 embryos from 400 genotyped parents. We later resampled and genotyped 1,450 of these individuals at age 1 and age 2. Juvenile survival for the more genetically diverse Montana Westslope Cutthroat Trout conservation population was twice as high as for other source populations, even though these other source populations were geographically closer to the translocation site than populations used to make the Montana Westslope Cutthroat Trout conservation population. Body weight for progeny from the two captive populations was higher than for progeny from wild source populations, and some differences were observed in body condition among source populations. Continued monitoring over several generations will be necessary to determine the eventual contributions of each source population and the relevance of these initial findings. C1 [Andrews, Tessa C.; Litt, Andrea R.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, POB 200701, Helena, MT 59620 USA. [Kruse, Carter G.] Turner Enterprises Inc, 901 Technol Blvd, Bozeman, MT 59718 USA. [Nelson, M. Lee] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, 1420 East 6th Ave, Helena, MT 59620 USA. [Clancey, Patrick] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, POB 1336, Ennis, MT 59729 USA. [Zale, Alexander V.] Montana State Univ, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Taper, Mark L.; Kalinowski, Steven T.] Montana State Univ, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Andrews, Tessa C.] Univ Georgia, Dept Genet, C208A Davison Life Sci Bldg,120 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] BB Shepard & Associates, 65 9th St Isl Dr, Livingston, MT 59047 USA. RP Shepard, BB (reprint author), Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, POB 200701, Helena, MT 59620 USA.; Shepard, BB (reprint author), BB Shepard & Associates, 65 9th St Isl Dr, Livingston, MT 59047 USA. EM shepard.brad@gmail.com FU Turner Enterprises, Inc.; Montana Trout Unlimited; National Science Foundation [DEB 0717456]; U.S. Geological Survey; Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks; Montana State University; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX Funding was provided by Turner Enterprises, Inc., Montana Trout Unlimited, and the National Science Foundation (DEB 0717456). We thank Dan Drinan, Travis Lohrenz, Romie Bahram, Jake Ferguson, Jacqueline Jones, Jennifer Ard, Alex Hopkins, Clint Smith, Tatiana Butler, Ninh Vu, Wes Orr, Buddy Drake, Angela Smith, Mark Sweeney, Reid Koskiniemi, Mike Konsmo, Hillary Billman, and Preston Debele for their assistance in the field. We also thank Ninh Vu, Jenn Ard, and Tatiana Butler for their assistance in the lab. We thank two anonymous reviewers and an associate editor for constructive and valuable feedback on an initial draft of this manuscript. The Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Montana State University, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of Montana State University Institutional Animal Care and Use protocol 18-07. NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 926 EP 941 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1165774 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600020 ER PT J AU Richter, JT Sloss, BL Isermann, DA AF Richter, Jacob T. Sloss, Brian L. Isermann, Daniel A. TI Validation of a Side-Scan Sonar Method for Quantifying Walleye Spawning Habitat Availability in the Littoral Zone of Northern Wisconsin Lakes SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID TEMPERATE LAKE; RECRUITMENT; STREAMS AB Previous research has generally ignored the potential effects of spawning habitat availability and quality on recruitment ofWalleye Sander vitreus, largely because information on spawning habitat is lacking for many lakes. Furthermore, traditional transect-based methods used to describe habitat are time and labor intensive. Our objectives were to determine if side-scan sonar could be used to accurately classify Walleye spawning habitat in the nearshore littoral zone and provide lakewide estimates of spawning habitat availability similar to estimates obtained from a transect-quadratbased method. Based on assessments completed on 16 northern Wisconsin lakes, interpretation of side-scan sonar images resulted in correct identification of substrate size-class for 93% (177 of 191) of selected locations and all incorrect classifications were within +/- 1 class of the correct substrate size-class. Gravel, cobble, and rubble substrates were incorrectly identified from side-scan images in only two instances (1% misclassification), suggesting that side- scan sonar can be used to accurately identify preferred Walleye spawning substrates. Additionally, we detected no significant differences in estimates of lakewide littoral zone substrate compositions estimated using side- scan sonar and a traditional transect-quadrat-based method. Our results indicate that side- scan sonar offers a practical, accurate, and efficient technique for assessing substrate composition and quantifying potential Walleye spawning habitat in the nearshore littoral zone of north temperate lakes. C1 [Richter, Jacob T.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Sloss, Brian L.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Isermann, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Isermann, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fisheries Anal Ctr, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Richter, Jacob T.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, 625 East Cty Rd Y,Suite 700, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. RP Richter, JT (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.; Richter, JT (reprint author), Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, 625 East Cty Rd Y,Suite 700, Oshkosh, WI 54901 USA. EM jacob.richter@wisconsin.gov NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 942 EP 950 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1173141 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600021 ER PT B AU Reyes, JC Kalkan, E Riano, AC AF Reyes, Juan C. Kalkan, Erol Riano, Andrea C. BE Zembaty, Z DeStefano, M TI A General Procedure for Selecting and Scaling Ground Motion Records for Nonlinear Analysis of Asymmetric-Plan Buildings SO SEISMIC BEHAVIOUR AND DESIGN OF IRREGULAR AND COMPLEX CIVIL STRUCTURES II SE Geotechnical Geological and Earthquake Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th European Workshop on the Seismic Behaviour of Irregular and Complex Structures CY OCT 17-18, 2014 CL Opole, POLAND DE Scaling seismic records; Modal pushover based scaling; Nonlinear analysis; Asymmetric-plan buildings; Selecting seismic records ID TALL BUILDINGS; 2 COMPONENTS; PUSHOVER AB In performance assessment and design verification of complex structural systems including base-isolated buildings, high-rise structures and structures utilizing advanced lateral force resisting components (e.g., viscous dampers), nonlinear response history analysis (RHA) is now a common engineering tool to estimate seismic demands. Today, majority of ground motion selection and scaling methods are suitable for symmetric plan buildings with first-mode dominant response. There is, therefore, a need for a robust method to select and scale records for nonlinear RHAs of asymmetric-plan buildings with significant torsional response. Presented here is a generalized ground motion selection and scaling procedure called modal pushover-based (MPS) procedure. The proposed procedure explicitly considers structural strength, determined from pushover curves, and determines a scaling factor for each record to match a target value of roof displacement. The accuracy and efficiency of the procedure is evaluated by using computer models of symmetric-and asymmetric-plan buildings subjected to one or two horizontal components of ground motions. Analyses for one component of ground motions were conducted for five existing symmetric-plan buildings of 4, 6, 13, 19 and 52 stories; for two components of ground motion, 48 single-story systems and 10 multi-story buildings were analysed. Also examined here is the ASCE/SEI 7 scaling procedure for comparison purposes. This study clearly shows that the MPS procedure provides much superior results in terms of accuracy [true estimates of expected median engineering demand parameters (EDPs)] and efficiency (reduced record-to-record variability of EDPs) than the ASCE/SEI 7 scaling procedure. C1 [Reyes, Juan C.; Riano, Andrea C.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Carrera 1 Este 19A-40, Bogota, Colombia. [Kalkan, Erol] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA USA. RP Reyes, JC (reprint author), Univ Los Andes, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Carrera 1 Este 19A-40, Bogota, Colombia. EM jureyes@uniandes.edu.co; ekalkan@usgs.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-3-319-14246-3; 978-3-319-14245-6 J9 GEOTECH GEOL EARTHQ PY 2016 VL 40 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-14246-3_1 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA BF4MQ UT WOS:000381367700001 ER PT J AU Thomas, KA Redsteer, MH AF Thomas, Kathryn A. Redsteer, Margaret H. TI Vegetation of semi-stable rangeland dunes of the Navajo Nation, Southwestern USA SO ARID LAND RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Dune stabilization; psammophytes; sand; southern Colorado plateau; wind erosion ID NITROGEN-FIXATION; COLORADO RIVER; SAND TRANSPORT; SALSOLA-KALI; DESERT; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; RHIZOSHEATHS; COMPETITION; CALIFORNIA; MOBILITY AB Dune destabilization and increased mobility is a worldwide issue causing ecological, economic, and health problems for the inhabitants of areas with extensive dune fields. Dunes cover nearly a third of the Navajo Nation within the Colorado Plateau of southwestern USA. There, higher temperatures and prolonged drought beginning in 1996 have produced significant increases in dune mobility. Vegetation plays an important role in dune stabilization, but there are few studies of the plants of the aeolian surfaces of this region. We examined plant species and their attributes within a moderately vegetated dune field of the Navajo Nation to understand the types and characteristics of plants that stabilize rangeland dunes. These dunes supported a low cover of mixed grass-scrubland with fifty-two perennial and annual species including extensive occurrence of non-native annual Salsola spp. Perennial grass richness and shrub cover were positively associated with increased soil sand composition. Taprooted shrubs were more common on sandier substrates. Most dominant grasses had C4 photosynthesis, suggestive of higher water-use efficiencies and growth advantage in warm arid environments. Plant cover was commonly below the threshold of dune stabilization. Increasing sand movement with continued aridity will select for plants adapted to burial, deflation, and abrasion. The study indicates plants tolerant of increased sand mobility and burial but more investigation is needed to identify the plants adapted to establish and regenerate under these conditions. In addition, the role of Salsola spp. in promoting decline of perennial grasses and shrubs needs clarification. C1 [Thomas, Kathryn A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave,Suite 221, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Redsteer, Margaret H.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff Sci Campus, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Thomas, KA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave,Suite 221, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM Kathryn_A_Thomas@usgs.gov FU USGS Global Change Research Program; Navajo Land Use Planning Project; USGS Southwest Biological Science Center FX We thank the Navajo families who provided access to sites on their homeland. We are in debt to the field workers and GIS specialists who assisted with data collection: Becci Anderson, Terry Arundel, Mike Gishey, Rob Hunt, Mimi Murov, and Heather Nelson. Harland Goldstein analyzed soil particle size at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center's soil lab in Denver, Colorado. Mike Duniway, Chris Jarchow, Jayne Belnap, Theodore Melis, and three anonymous reviewers provided insightful comments on the manuscript. The USGS Global Change Research Program, Navajo Land Use Planning Project and the USGS Southwest Biological Science Center provided funding. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-4982 EI 1532-4990 J9 ARID LAND RES MANAG JI Arid Land Res. Manag. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 400 EP 411 DI 10.1080/15324982.2016.1138157 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA DS2NH UT WOS:000380616600005 ER PT J AU Wilson, NR Norman, LM Villarreal, M Gass, L Tiller, R Salywon, A AF Wilson, Natalie R. Norman, Laura M. Villarreal, Miguel Gass, Leila Tiller, Ron Salywon, Andrew TI Comparison of remote sensing indices for monitoring of desert cienegas SO ARID LAND RESEARCH AND MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Landsat; normalized difference infrared index; normalized difference vegetation index; semiarid grasslands; wetlands ID DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; AMERICAN SOUTHWEST; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SATELLITE DATA; NORTH-AMERICA; CONSERVATION; DELINEATION; ECOSYSTEMS; TRANSITION AB This research considers the applicability of different vegetation indices at 30 m resolution for mapping and monitoring desert wetland (cienega) health and spatial extent through time at Cienega Creek in southeastern Arizona, USA. Multiple stressors including the risk of decadal-scale drought, the effects of current and predicted global warming, and continued anthropogenic pressures threaten aquatic habitats in the southwest and cienegas are recognized as important sites for conservation and restoration efforts. However, cienegas present a challenge to satellite-imagery based analysis due to their small size and mixed surface cover of open water, exposed soils, and vegetation. We created time series of five well-known vegetation indices using annual Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images retrieved during the April-June dry season, from 1984 to 2011 to map landscape-level distribution of wetlands and monitor the temporal dynamics of individual sites. Indices included the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), the Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index (SAVI), the Normalized Difference Water Index (NDWI), and the Normalized Difference Infrared Index (NDII). One topographic index, the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI), was analyzed to examine the utility of topography in mapping distribution of cienegas. Our results indicate that the NDII, calculated using Landsat TM band 5, outperforms the other indices at differentiating cienegas from riparian and upland sites, and was the best means to analyze change. As such, it offers a critical baseline for future studies that seek to extend the analysis of cienegas to other regions and time scales, and has broader applicability to the remote sensing of wetland features in arid landscapes. C1 [Wilson, Natalie R.; Norman, Laura M.; Villarreal, Miguel; Gass, Leila] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Tiller, Ron; Salywon, Andrew] Desert Bot Garden, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Wilson, NR (reprint author), 520 N Pk Ave,Suite 106C, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM nrwilson@usgs.gov OI Gass, Leila/0000-0002-3436-262X; Villarreal, Miguel/0000-0003-0720-1422 FU Land Change Science (LCS) Program under Climate and Land Use Change (CLU) Mission Area of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) FX This research was conducted with support from the Land Change Science (LCS) Program, under the Climate and Land Use Change (CLU) Mission Area of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-4982 EI 1532-4990 J9 ARID LAND RES MANAG JI Arid Land Res. Manag. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 460 EP 478 DI 10.1080/15324982.2016.1170076 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture GA DS2NH UT WOS:000380616600010 ER PT B AU Gwiazda, R Paull, CK Caress, DW Lorenson, T Brewer, PG Peltzer, ET Walz, PM Anderson, K Lundsten, E AF Gwiazda, Roberto Paull, Charles K. Caress, David W. Lorenson, Tom Brewer, Peter G. Peltzer, Edward T. Walz, Peter M. Anderson, Krystle Lundsten, Eve BE Lamarche, G Mountjoy, J Bull, S Hubble, T Krastel, S Lane, E Micallef, A Moscardelli, L Mueller, C Pecher, I Woelz, S TI Eel Canyon Slump Scar and Associated Fluid Venting SO SUBMARINE MASS MOVEMENTS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES SE Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Symposium on Submarine Mass Movements and their Consequences CY NOV, 2015 CL Wellington, NEW ZEALAND ID SEDIMENT AB Autonomous underwater vehicles have been used to characterize Eel Slump, a slide scar located south of Eel Canyon, California. The presence of a well developed dendritic network on the headwall with gullies tens of meters deep, thick sediment drape cover on the slide scar sole, and the absence of fresh surfaces on the scarp suggest that the mass failure(s) that produced this feature did not take place in the recent past. Thermogenic oil and gas emanating from a large mound in the sole of the slide scar were sampled with a remotely operated vehicle. Other distinctive morphologies observed from the seafloor of the slide scar indicate fluid seep has occurred at multiple sites within the slide scar sole. C1 [Gwiazda, Roberto; Paull, Charles K.; Caress, David W.; Brewer, Peter G.; Peltzer, Edward T.; Walz, Peter M.; Anderson, Krystle; Lundsten, Eve] Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. [Lorenson, Tom] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA. RP Gwiazda, R (reprint author), Monterey Bay Aquarium Res Inst, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA. EM rgwiazda@mbari.org OI Caress, David/0000-0002-6596-9133 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-319-20979-1 J9 ADV NAT TECH HAZ RES PY 2016 VL 41 BP 411 EP 418 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-20979-1_41 PG 8 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA BF4UW UT WOS:000381724100041 ER PT B AU Beard, TD Allison, EH Bartley, DM Cowx, IG Cooke, SJ Fuentevilla, C Lynch, AJ Taylor, WW AF Beard, T. Douglas, Jr. Allison, Eddie H. Bartley, Devin M. Cowx, Ian G. Cooke, Steven J. Fuentevilla, Carlos Lynch, Abigail J. Taylor, William W. BE Taylor, WW Bartley, DM Goddard, CI Leonard, NJ Welcomme, R TI Inland Fish and Fisheries: A Call to Action SO Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Inland Fisheries, Freshwater, Fish and the Future CY JAN 26-28, 2015 CL Rome, ITALY ID CAPTURE FISHERIES; BIODIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; SECURITY; THREATS; WATERS; BASIN C1 [Beard, T. Douglas, Jr.; Lynch, Abigail J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 516, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Allison, Eddie H.] Univ Washington, Coll Environm, 1492 NE Boat St, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Bartley, Devin M.] Food & Agr Org United Nations Fisheries & Aquacul, Viale Terme Caracalla, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Cowx, Ian G.] Univ Hull, Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol & Inst Environm Sci, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1126 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. [Fuentevilla, Carlos] Food & Agr Org United Nations Subreg Off Caribbea, 2nd Floor,United Nations HouseMarine Gardens, BB-11000 Christ Church, Barbados. [Taylor, William W.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 1405 S Harrison Rd,115 Manly Miles Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Beard, TD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 516, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM dbeard@usgs.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU FOOD & AGRICUL ORGANIZATION UNITED NATIONS PI ROME PA VIA DELLE TERME DI CARACALLA, 00100 ROME, ITALY BN 978-92-5-109263-7 PY 2016 BP 1 EP 6 PG 6 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF3XH UT WOS:000380590400001 ER PT B AU Cooke, SJ Arthington, AH Bonar, SA Bower, SD Bunnell, DB Entsua-Mensah, REM Funge-Smith, S Koehn, JD Lester, NP Lorenzen, K Nam, S Randall, RG Venturelli, P Cowx, IG AF Cooke, Steven J. Arthington, Angela H. Bonar, Scott A. Bower, Shannon D. Bunnell, David B. Entsua-Mensah, Rose E. M. Funge-Smith, Simon Koehn, John D. Lester, Nigel P. Lorenzen, Kai Nam, So Randall, Robert G. Venturelli, Paul Cowx, Ian G. BE Taylor, WW Bartley, DM Goddard, CI Leonard, NJ Welcomme, R TI Assessment of Inland Fisheries: A Vision for the Future SO Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Inland Fisheries, Freshwater, Fish and the Future CY JAN 26-28, 2015 CL Rome, ITALY ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; ENVIRONMENTAL-MANAGEMENT; BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE; KNOWLEDGE EXCHANGE; STOCK ENHANCEMENT; FISHING EFFORT; LOWER AMAZON; CHALLENGES; RESOURCES AB The assessment process is fundamental to ensuring that inland fisheries are managed sustainably and valued appropriately so that they can support livelihoods, contribute to food security, and generate other ecosystem services. To that end, a global group of leaders in inland fishery assessment convened to generate a list of recommendations and specific actions for improving assessment of inland fisheries. Recommendations included the needs to assess the global contribution of inland fisheries to food security, develop and implement rigorous approaches to evaluate various inland fishery management actions, develop and implement creative approaches to improve the assessment of illegal fishing activities, and improve statistical data for unreported and unregulated catches in inland waters. The group also identified a need to develop standardized and defensible methods of biological assessment of inland fish and fisheries that include data collection, database management, and data sharing and reporting to reflect diverse ecosystem types. Moreover, it was recommended that assessment be designed to better inform inland fishery management and other sector planning and decision making at the appropriate scales (e.g., integrated water resource management) through stakeholder engagement, valuation of fisheries outputs, and identification of policy alternatives with consideration of trade-offs. The inherent diversity of inland fisheries in terms of ecological, socioeconomic, and governance attributes was recognized throughout the process of developing the suggested actions, including how such attributes combine to provide fisheries-specific contexts for management. Using appropriate and accessible communication channels is critical to more effectively package, present, and transfer information that raises awareness about inland fisheries values and issues; alter human behavior; and influence relevant policy and management actions. Creating mechanisms to facilitate dialogue among the diverse range of stakeholders is equally important. Improved assessment techniques should play a fundamental role in supporting sustainable inland fisheries management and contributing to food security and livelihoods, while also maintaining or improving ecological integrity. C1 [Cooke, Steven J.; Bower, Shannon D.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. [Cooke, Steven J.; Bower, Shannon D.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. [Arthington, Angela H.] Griffith Univ, Australian Rivers Inst, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Qld 4111, Australia. [Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 104 Biol Sci East Bldg, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Bunnell, David B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Entsua-Mensah, Rose E. M.] CSIR, Water Res Inst, 2nd Csir Close, Accra, Ghana. [Funge-Smith, Simon] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Reg Off Asia & Pacific, 39 Pra Athit Rd, Bangkok 10200, Thailand. [Koehn, John D.] Arthur Rylah Inst Environm Res, Appl Aquat Ecol, 123 Brown St, Heidelberg, Vic 3084, Australia. [Lester, Nigel P.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Sci & Res Branch, 300 Water St, Peterborough, ON K9J 8M5, Canada. [Lorenzen, Kai] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resource & Conservat, Fisheries & Aquat Sci, 136 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32603 USA. [Nam, So] Mekong River Commiss, Quai Fa Ngum, Vientiane, Laos. [Randall, Robert G.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Canadian Ctr Inland Waters, Great Lakes Lab Aquat Sci, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7S 1A1, Canada. [Venturelli, Paul] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Cowx, Ian G.] Univ Hull, Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada.; Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. EM steven.cooke@carleton.ca RI Venturelli, Paul/A-2337-2008 OI Venturelli, Paul/0000-0002-7329-7517 NR 108 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 7 PU FOOD & AGRICUL ORGANIZATION UNITED NATIONS PI ROME PA VIA DELLE TERME DI CARACALLA, 00100 ROME, ITALY BN 978-92-5-109263-7 PY 2016 BP 45 EP 62 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF3XH UT WOS:000380590400006 ER PT B AU Lynch, AJ Beard, TD Cox, A Zarnic, Z Phang, SC Arantes, CC Brummett, R Cramwinckel, JF Gordon, LJ Husen, MA Liu, J Nguyen, PH Safari, PK AF Lynch, Abigail J. Beard, T. Douglas, Jr. Cox, Anthony Zarnic, Ziga Phang, Sui C. Arantes, Caroline C. Brummett, Randell Cramwinckel, Joppe F. Gordon, Line J. Husen, Md. Akbal Liu, Jiashou Phu Hoa Nguyen Safari, Patrick K. BE Taylor, WW Bartley, DM Goddard, CI Leonard, NJ Welcomme, R TI Drivers and Synergies in the Management of Inland Fisheries: Searching for Sustainable Solutions SO Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Inland Fisheries, Freshwater, Fish and the Future CY JAN 26-28, 2015 CL Rome, ITALY ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; FOOD SECURITY; RIVER; DEFORESTATION; STREAMS; THREATS; NUTRIENTS; IMPACTS; SYSTEMS AB Water availability is driven by external forces, including climate change and human population growth. Inland fisheries are one of many social and economically important sectors that utilize inland waters. Increasingly, the competition for water leads to tough decisions and trade-offs are often made between water resource sectors. However, decisions that consider multiple sectors can lead to synergies in management approaches (i.e., win-win scenarios), which benefit multiple sectors. Ultimately, in searching for sustainable solutions for fish, these ecologically and socially responsible approaches can contribute to improved health, well-being, and prosperity for all water resource sectors. C1 [Lynch, Abigail J.; Beard, T. Douglas, Jr.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 516, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Cox, Anthony; Zarnic, Ziga] Org Econ Cooperat & Dev, Environm Div, 2 Rue Andre Pascal, F-75775 Paris 16, France. [Phang, Sui C.] Ohio State Univ, Aronoff Lab, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, 318 West 12th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Arantes, Caroline C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Wildlife & Fisheries Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Brummett, Randell] World Bank, 1818 H St NW, Washington, DC 20433 USA. [Cramwinckel, Joppe F.] World Business Council Sustainable Dev, Chemin Eugene Rigot 2,Case Postale 246, CH-1211 Geneva 21, Switzerland. [Gordon, Line J.] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Husen, Md. Akbal] Fishery Res Stn, POB 274, Pokhara 33700, Kaski, Nepal. [Liu, Jiashou] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Hydrobiol, 7 South Donghu Rd, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Phu Hoa Nguyen] Nong Lam Univ, Off Sci Res Management, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Safari, Patrick K.] Nile Basin Secretariat Entebbe, POB 192, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Lynch, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 516, Reston, VA 20192 USA. EM ajlynch@usgs.gov NR 69 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU FOOD & AGRICUL ORGANIZATION UNITED NATIONS PI ROME PA VIA DELLE TERME DI CARACALLA, 00100 ROME, ITALY BN 978-92-5-109263-7 PY 2016 BP 183 EP 200 PG 18 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF3XH UT WOS:000380590400017 ER PT B AU Kwak, TJ Engman, AC Fischer, JR Lilyestrom, CG AF Kwak, Thomas J. Engman, Augustin C. Fischer, Jesse R. Lilyestrom, Craig G. BE Taylor, WW Bartley, DM Goddard, CI Leonard, NJ Welcomme, R TI Drivers of Caribbean Freshwater Ecosystems and Fisheries SO Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Inland Fisheries, Freshwater, Fish and the Future CY JAN 26-28, 2015 CL Rome, ITALY ID PUERTO-RICO; STREAMS; POSTLARVAL; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; GOBIIDAE; PACIFIC; IMPACTS; DAMS; GOBY AB Freshwater tropical island environments support a variety of fishes that provide cultural, economic, and ecological services for humans but receive limited scientific, conservation, and public attention. Puerto Rico is a Caribbean tropical island that may serve as a model to illustrate the interactions between humans and natural resources in such complex ecosystems. The native freshwater fish assemblage of Puerto Rico is distinct from mainland assemblages in that the assemblage is not diverse, all species are diadromous, and they may be exploited at multiple life stages (e.g., postlarva, juvenile, adult). Primary large-scale drivers of recent water use policy include economic growth, human population density, and urbanization, with climate change as an overarching influence. Watershed and riparian land use, water quality, river flow and instream physical habitat, river habitat connectivity, exotic species, and aquatic resource exploitation are important proximate factors affecting the ecosystem and fisheries. Research on ecological processes and components of the stream and river fish assemblages has expanded the knowledge base in the past decade with the goal of providing critical information for guiding the conservation and management of the lotic resource to optimize ecosystem function and services. The greatest challenge facing Caribbean island society is developing policies that balance the needs for human water use and associated activities with maintaining aquatic biodiversity, ecological integrity and services, and sustainable fisheries. Achieving this goal will require broad cooperation and sustained commitment among public officials, agency administrators, biologists, and the public toward effective resource management. C1 [Kwak, Thomas J.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 100 Eugene Brooks Ave, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Engman, Augustin C.; Fischer, Jesse R.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 100 Eugene Brooks Ave, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lilyestrom, Craig G.] Puerto Rico Dept Nat & Environm Resources, Recreat & Sport Fishing Div, POB 366147, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. RP Kwak, TJ (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 100 Eugene Brooks Ave, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM tkwak@ncsu.edu NR 50 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU FOOD & AGRICUL ORGANIZATION UNITED NATIONS PI ROME PA VIA DELLE TERME DI CARACALLA, 00100 ROME, ITALY BN 978-92-5-109263-7 PY 2016 BP 219 EP 232 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF3XH UT WOS:000380590400020 ER PT B AU Cooke, SJ Bartley, DM Beard, TD Cowx, IG Goddard, CI Fuentevilla, C Leonard, NJ Lynch, AJ Lorenzen, K Taylor, WW AF Cooke, Steven J. Bartley, Devin M. Beard, T. Douglas Cowx, Ian G. Goddard, Chris I. Fuentevilla, Carlos Leonard, Nancy J. Lynch, Abigail J. Lorenzen, Kai Taylor, William W. BE Taylor, WW Bartley, DM Goddard, CI Leonard, NJ Welcomme, R TI Ideas to Action: Ten Steps to Responsible Inland Fisheries that Support Livelihoods, Food Security, and Healthy Aquatic Ecosystems SO Freshwater, Fish and the Future: Proceedings of the Global Cross-Sectoral Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Global Conference on Inland Fisheries, Freshwater, Fish and the Future CY JAN 26-28, 2015 CL Rome, ITALY ID CAPTURE FISHERIES AB For decades, inland fisheries and their value have been overshadowed by marine fisheries dominated by the commercial sector. However, there is growing recognition that inland capture fisheries harvest is substantial. Indeed, inland fisheries generate many ecosystem services, most notably their contributions to food security and livelihoods. Here, we present the outcomes of a conference where scientists, resource managers, policymakers, and community representatives from across the globe gathered to discuss inland fisheries. What emerged from discussions at the conference is affectionately termed "The Rome Declaration," which provides a forward-looking call to action characterized by 10 recommendations: (1) improve the assessment of biological production to enable science-based management, (2) correctly value inland aquatic ecosystems, (3) promote the nutritional value of inland fisheries, (4) develop and improve science-based approaches to fishery management, (5) improve communication among freshwater users, (6) improve governance, especially for shared water bodies, (7) develop collaborative approaches to cross-sectoral integration in development agendas, (8) respect equity and rights of stakeholders, (9) make aquaculture an important ally, and (10) develop an action plan for global inland fisheries. We trust that the outcomes from this conference (including "The Rome Declaration") will serve as a catalyst for sustained action by the global inland fisheries community to ensure that fish and fisheries are accounted for and incorporated into broader water-resource management discussions and frameworks. C1 [Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. [Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. [Bartley, Devin M.] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Dept Fisheries & Aquaculture, Viale Terme di Caracalla, I-00153 Rome, Italy. [Beard, T. Douglas; Lynch, Abigail J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 516, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Cowx, Ian G.] Univ Hull, Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England. [Goddard, Chris I.] Great Lakes Fishery Commiss, 2100 Commonwealth Blvd,Suite 100, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Fuentevilla, Carlos] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Subreg Off Caribbean, 2nd Floor,United Nations HouseMarine Gardens, BB-11000 Hastings, Christ Church, Barbados. [Leonard, Nancy J.] Northwest Power & Conservat Council, 851 SW Sixth Ave,Suite 1100, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Lorenzen, Kai] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resource & Conservat, Fisheries & Aquat Sci, 136 Newins Ziegler Hall, Gainesville, FL 32603 USA. [Taylor, William W.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, Suite 115 Manly Miles Bldg 1405 South Harrison Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Dept Biol, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada.; Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, 1126 Colonel By Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 4J2, Canada. EM steven.cooke@carleton.ca NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU FOOD & AGRICUL ORGANIZATION UNITED NATIONS PI ROME PA VIA DELLE TERME DI CARACALLA, 00100 ROME, ITALY BN 978-92-5-109263-7 PY 2016 BP 343 EP 351 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF3XH UT WOS:000380590400031 ER PT J AU Winters, LK Budy, P AF Winters, Lisa K. Budy, Phaedra TI Exploring Crowded Trophic Niche Space in a Novel Reservoir Fish Assemblage: How Many is Too Many? SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID FLAMING-GORGE RESERVOIR; SALMO-TRUTTA L.; FOOD-WEB; STABLE-ISOTOPES; RAINBOW-TROUT; LAKE-MICHIGAN; DIET-OVERLAP; INTRAGUILD PREDATION; LARGEMOUTH BASS; SMALLMOUTH BASS AB In highly managed reservoir systems, species interactions within novel fish assemblages can be difficult to predict. In high-elevation Scofield Reservoir in Utah the unintentional introduction of Utah Chub Gila atraria and subsequent population expansion prompted a shift from stocking exclusively Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to include tiger trout (female Brown Trout Salmo trutta x male Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis) and Bonneville Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii utah, which composed a novel suite of top predators and potential competitors. We examined the interspecific interactions among Scofield Reservoir piscivores using a multifaceted approach including gut analyses, stable isotopes, and gape limitation. Large Cutthroat Trout consumed 50-100% Utah Chub and tiger trout consumed 45-80%. In contrast, small and large Rainbow Trout consumed primarily invertebrate prey and exhibited significant overlap with small tiger trout, Cutthroat Trout, and Utah Chub. Large Cutthroat Trout and tiger trout occupy a top piscivore trophic niche and are more littoral, while Rainbow Trout occupy an omnivore niche space and are more pelagic. Both Cutthroat and tiger trout varied in niche space with respect to size-class, demonstrating an ontogenetic shift to piscivory at approximately 350 mm TL. Cutthroat Trout and tiger trout are capable of consuming prey up to 50% of their own size, which is larger than predicted based on their theoretical gape limit. Because it appears food resources (Utah Chub) are not limited, and performance metrics are high, competition is unlikely between Cutthroat Trout and tiger trout. In contrast, apparent survival of Rainbow Trout has recently declined significantly, potentially due to shared food resources with Utah Chub or negative behavioral interactions with other members of the community. Collectively, this research aids in understanding biotic interactions within a top-heavy and novel fish community and assists towards developing and implementing suitable management strategies to control nuisance species. C1 [Winters, Lisa K.; Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Winters, Lisa K.; Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Budy, Phaedra] Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Winters, Lisa K.] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, 5000 West Carefree Highway, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA. RP Budy, P (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Budy, P (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Budy, P (reprint author), Utah State Univ, US Geol Survey, Utah Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. EM phaedra.budy@usu.edu FU Utah Division of Wildlife Resources (Federal Sport Fish Restoration) [F-134-R]; U.S. Geological Survey; Ecology Center at Utah State University; State of Utah COR [1COLL8712]; IACUC [1544] FX Funding and support for this project was provided by the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources (Federal Sport Fish Restoration, Project F-134-R), U.S. Geological Survey, Utah Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, in-kind, and the Ecology Center at Utah State University. Special thanks to Craig Walker, Paul Birdsey, Justin Hart, and Calvin Black of the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources for their assistance with data collection and project logistics. We are also grateful to the many other individuals from Utah State University who assisted in collecting and analyzing fish stomachs for this study, including Konrad Hafen, Jared Baker, and Hannah Moore. Additionally, we thank Deanna Strohm for editorial assistance and Alan Kasprak for assistance with figures. We are grateful to Bryce Roholt, who helped complete the gape limitation work as part of an undergraduate research project. Finally, we thank Gary Thiede for his logistical support, expertise, and comments that greatly improved this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This research was conducted under the auspices of a State of Utah COR number 1COLL8712 and IACUC protocol 1544. NR 94 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1117 EP 1128 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1083475 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100003 ER PT J AU Poytress, WR Gruber, JJ Van Eenennaam, JP Gard, M AF Poytress, William R. Gruber, Joshua J. Van Eenennaam, Joel P. Gard, Mark TI Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Spawning Events and Habitat Characteristics of Sacramento River Green Sturgeon SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI RIVER; EARLY-LIFE HISTORY; ACIPENSER-MEDIROSTRIS; WHITE STURGEON; LAKE STURGEON; ATLANTIC STURGEON; COLUMBIA RIVER; GULF STURGEON; CALIFORNIA; MIGRATION AB Spawning of the Southern Distinct Population Segment of Green Sturgeon Acipenser medirostris occurs annually within the Sacramento River in California. Artificial substrate samplers were used to collect Green Sturgeon eggs between 2008 and 2012 and in a reach of the river 94 river kilometers (rkm) long (rkm 426-332). A total of 268 eggs and 5 posthatch larvae were sampled from seven identified spawning sites between April 2 and July 7, primarily from medium gravel substrates. At these sites the mean water column velocities were 0.8 m/s at depths ranging from 0.6 to 11.3 m (6.4 +/- 2.3 m, mean +/- SD). We noted an average discharge of 314 m 3 /s and a median turbidity value of 3.9 NTU during estimated spawning events. Spawning at all sites occurred when average water temperatures were 13.5 +/- 1.0 degrees C and during water year types ranging from critically dry to wet. Green Sturgeon eggs averaged 4.11 +/- 0.20 mm in diameter (n = 207), were very adhesive, and were between developmental stages 2 (just fertilized) and 44 (posthatch larva). We estimated that eggs were collected from a minimum of 54 different spawning events, based on sample date and location, egg developmental stage at capture, and water temperatures. Green Sturgeon spawning data indicates there is spatial separation from sympatric White Sturgeon A. transmontanus, but some temporal overlap exists. The thermally and hydrologically managed Sacramento River with its numerous diversions and competing water demands appears to have an approximate reach of 120 rkm in the 405-km-long river that is favorable for Green Sturgeon spawning in most years. Management decisions need to assess and incorporate the spawning habitat requirements of Green Sturgeon and coordinate this information with that of endangered winter-run Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha while attempting to meet the diverse demands of the limited Sacramento River water resources. C1 [Poytress, William R.; Gruber, Joshua J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Bluff Fish & Wildlife Off, 10950 Tyler Rd, Red Bluff, CA 96080 USA. [Van Eenennaam, Joel P.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Gard, Mark] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Stockton Fish & Wildlife Off, 850 South Guild Ave,Suite 105, Lodi, CA 95240 USA. RP Poytress, WR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Bluff Fish & Wildlife Off, 10950 Tyler Rd, Red Bluff, CA 96080 USA. EM bill_poytress@fws.gov NR 76 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 14 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1129 EP 1142 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1069213 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100004 ER PT J AU Benda, SE Naughton, GP Caudill, CC Kent, ML Schreck, CB AF Benda, Susan E. Naughton, George P. Caudill, Christopher C. Kent, Michael L. Schreck, Carl B. TI Cool, Pathogen-Free Refuge Lowers Pathogen-Associated Prespawn Mortality of Willamette River Chinook Salmon SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID BACTERIAL KIDNEY-DISEASE; RENIBACTERIUM-SALMONINARUM; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; SOCKEYE-SALMON; PARVICAPSULA-MINIBICORNIS; YUKON RIVER; INFECTION; WATER; FISH AB Spring Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are transported above dams in the Willamette River to provide access to blocked spawning habitat. However, 30-95% of these transplants may die before spawning in some years. To varying degrees, salmon in other tributaries-both blocked and unblocked-have similar prespawn mortality (PSM) rates. Our study determined whether holding fish in constant temperature, pathogen-free conditions prior to spawning increased survival through spawning in 2010 through 2012. In addition, we evaluated pathogens as a potential cause of PSM. To monitor survival we captured adult Chinook Salmon early and late in the season from the lower Willamette River and upper tributaries and held them until spawning in 13 degrees C, pathogen-free water. Samples were collected at the time of transport, from moribund or dead fish throughout the summer, and after spawning in the autumn. Prespawn mortalities and postspawned fish from river surveys on holding and spawning reaches above traps were also sampled. Necropsies were performed on all fish, and representative organs were processed for histopathological analysis. Using multiple logistic regression odds ratio analysis, fish that were held were up to 12.6 times less likely to experience PSM than fish that were outplanted to the river. However, Aeromonas salmonicida and Renibacterium salmoninarum were more prevalent in held fish that had PSM than in outplanted fish with PSM, suggesting that fish that were held were more susceptible to these bacteria. Spawned held fish were more likely to have Myxobolus sp. brain infections and less likely to be infected with the kidney myxozoan, Parvicapusla minibicornis, than were spawned outplanted fish. The equal likelihood of other pathogens for held fish and outplanted spawned fish suggests interactive effects determine survival and that holding Chinook Salmon at 13 degrees C prevented expression of lethal pathogenesis. Overall, holding could be a viable method to reduce PSM, but issues of transport stress, proliferative disease, and antibiotics remain. C1 [Benda, Susan E.] Oregon State Univ, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Naughton, George P.; Caudill, Christopher C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Kent, Michael L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 204 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Schreck, Carl B.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Benda, SE (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM sbenda14@gmail.com FU Thomas G. Scott Publication Fund FX Cameron Sharpe, ODFW, assisted with data collection, fish transport, and organized crews to collect PSM fish. Rob Chitwood contributed to transport, holding, and spawning of fish at Fish Performance and Genetics Laboratory at Oregon State University (OSU). Julia Unrein and Courtney Danley of OSU assisted data collection and histology. James Peterson, OSU, provided statistical guidance. Steven R. Lee, Mark Morasch, Matt Knoff, Adrienne Roumasset, and Eric Powell of the University of Idaho (UI) helped with field work. Karen Johnson, UI, assisted with logisitics. Matt Keefer, UI, provided the map in Figure 1. Mike Jepson, UI, was responsible for obtaining permits. Greg Taylor, Doug Gartletts, Chad Helms, Todd Pierce, and Greg Gauthier of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) provided access and support during sampling at Fall Creek and Dexter dams. Brett Boyd, ODFW, provided access and logistical support at Foster Dam. David Griffith administered the contracts for the USACE. Publication of this paper was supported, in part, by the Thomas G. Scott Publication Fund. NR 49 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1159 EP 1172 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1073621 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100006 ER PT J AU Ward, DL Morton-Starner, R AF Ward, David L. Morton-Starner, Rylan TI Effects of Water Temperature and Fish Size on Predation Vulnerability of Juvenile Humpback Chub to Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID AGE-0 FLANNELMOUTH SUCKER; COLORADO RIVER-BASIN; GRAND-CANYON; THERMAL REQUIREMENTS; SPECIES INTERACTIONS; TAILWATER FISHERY; LIFE-HISTORY; SALMO-TRUTTA; GILA-CYPHA; ARIZONA AB Predation on juvenile native fish by introduced Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout is considered a significant threat to the persistence of endangered Humpback Chub Gila cypha in the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon. Diet studies of Rainbow Trout and Brown Trout in Glen and Grand canyons indicate that these species do eat native fish, but impacts are difficult to assess because predation vulnerability is highly variable, depending on prey size, predator size, and the water temperatures under which the predation interactions take place. We conducted laboratory experiments to evaluate how short-term predation vulnerability of juvenile native fish changes in response to fish size and water temperature using captivity-reared Humpback Chub, Bonytail, and Roundtail Chub. Juvenile chub 4590 mm total length (TL) were exposed to adult Rainbow and Brown trouts at 10, 15, and 20 degrees C to measure predation vulnerability as a function of water temperature and fish size. A 1 degrees C increase in water temperature decreased short-term predation vulnerability of Humpback Chub to Rainbow Trout by about 5%, although the relationship is not linear. Brown Trout were highly piscivorous in the laboratory at any size >220 mm TL and at all water temperatures we tested. Understanding the effects of predation by trout on endangered Humpback Chub is critical in evaluating management options aimed at preserving native fishes in Grand Canyon National Park. C1 [Ward, David L.; Morton-Starner, Rylan] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Ward, DL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM dlward@usgs.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 10 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1184 EP 1191 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1077160 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100008 ER PT J AU Siwicke, KA Seitz, AC AF Siwicke, Kevin A. Seitz, Andrew C. TI Interpreting Lamprey Attacks on Pacific Cod in the Eastern Bering Sea SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LAKES LAKE TROUT; PETROMYZON-MARINUS; GREAT-LAKES; PARASITIC LAMPREYS; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; NORTH PACIFIC; SIZE; RIVER; LETHALITY; ENVIRONMENT AB Adult anadromous lampreys attack several species targeted by large-scale commercial fisheries in the North Pacific Ocean, and the potential negative impact to these host fishes is not well understood. The Arctic Lamprey Lethenteron camtschaticum and Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus are anadromous species that feed in the eastern Bering Sea, and lamprey parasitism is evident on Pacific Cod Gadus macrocephalus near the Bering Slope. To examine this parasitic interaction, we first built models using morphological measurements from lamprey oral discs to predict which lamprey species caused the observed wounds on Pacific Cod. We then examined lamprey wounding rates and explored healing patterns related to the severity and location of lamprey wounds. We scanned 8,746 Pacific Cod for lamprey wounds and found that 4.9% of the cod had at least one wound. Lamprey wound morphology was better predicted by an oral disk model built for Pacific Lamprey than by a similar model built for Arctic Lamprey. The occurrence of lamprey wounds that had penetrated muscle tissue but had not completely healed was more prevalent as Pacific Cod length increased. Generalized additive model results indicated that latitude and mean Pacific Cod length were important in predicting lamprey wounding rates at a sampling station. Recently inflicted lamprey wounds that penetrated Pacific Cod muscle tissue were observed four times as often as superficial wounds that did not penetrate muscle tissue, but superficial wounds were twice as likely to reach a completely healed state. No difference was detected in the likelihood of a lamprey wound to reach a completely healed state among different host body regions. While there is a potential for lamprey attacks to negatively affect individual host fish, we emphasize the importance of understanding population dynamics between native lampreys and their hosts, as this could aid in explaining variations in the natural mortality of commercially important fish species in the eastern Bering Sea. C1 [Siwicke, Kevin A.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. [Seitz, Andrew C.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, POB 757220, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Siwicke, Kevin A.] US Geol Survey, Auke Bay Lab, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. RP Siwicke, KA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 17101 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.; Siwicke, KA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Auke Bay Lab, 17109 Point Lena Loop Rd, Juneau, AK 99801 USA. EM kevin.siwicke@noaa.gov FU University of Alaska Fairbanks (the School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences); University of Alaska Fairbanks (Graduate School); National Science Foundation (NSF) Marine Ecosystem Sustainability in the Arctic and Subarctic Integrated Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) [DGE-0801720]; NSF Science Master's Program: Ecosystem Approaches to Fishery Management [DGE-1011707] FX This project was supported by the University of Alaska Fairbanks (the School of Fisheries and Ocean Sciences and the Graduate School), the National Science Foundation (NSF) Marine Ecosystem Sustainability in the Arctic and Subarctic Integrated Graduate Education and Research Traineeship (IGERT) (Award DGE-0801720), and the NSF Science Master's Program: Ecosystem Approaches to Fishery Management (Award DGE-1011707). Thanks to the captains and crew of the survey vessels and scientists from the Resource Assessment and Conservation Engineering (RACE) Groundfish Surveys from the Alaska Fisheries Science Center: Jerry Hoff, Lyle Britt, Stan Kotwicki, Duane Stevenson, Nancy Roberson, and Jim Stark, for providing Pacific Lamprey specimens, to Jim Murphy at Auke Bay Laboratories Ecosystem Monitoring and Assessment (EMA) Program for providing Arctic Lamprey specimens and valuable reviews of this manuscript, and to Reid Brewer for providing logistics and support in Dutch Harbor. Special thanks to International Pacific Halibut Commission staff and sea-samplers for incorporating this project into their survey and providing logistics and support throughout. Additional valuable comments for this manuscript were provided by Trent Sutton and two anonymous reviewers. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1249 EP 1262 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1067254 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100013 ER PT J AU Drinan, DP Webb, MAH Naish, KA Kalinowski, ST Boyer, MC Steed, AC Shepard, BB Muhlfeld, CC AF Drinan, Daniel P. Webb, Molly A. H. Naish, Kerry A. Kalinowski, Steven T. Boyer, Matthew C. Steed, Amber C. Shepard, Bradley B. Muhlfeld, Clint C. TI Effects of Hybridization between Nonnative Rainbow Trout and NativeWestslope Cutthroat Trout on Fitness-Related Traits SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKII-LEWISI; ATLANTIC SALMON; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; LOCAL ADAPTATION; MATE CHOICE; EGG SIZE; HYBRIDS; MYKISS; GROWTH; SELECTION AB Hybridization between introduced and native fauna is a risk to native species and may threaten the long-term persistence of numerous taxa. Rainbow Trout Oncorhynchus mykiss has been one of the most widely introduced species around the globe and often hybridizes with native Cutthroat Trout O. clarkii in the Rocky Mountains. Previous work has shown that hybridization negatively affects reproductive success, but identification of the traits contributing to that reduction has been elusive. In this study, we used a combination of field and laboratory techniques to assess how hybridization with Rainbow Trout affects seven traits during several stages of Westslope Cutthroat Trout development: embryonic survival, ova size, ova energy concentration, sperm motility, juvenile weight, juvenile survival, and burst swimming endurance. Rainbow Trout admixture was correlated with an increase in embryonic survival and ova energy concentration but with a decrease in juvenile weight and burst swimming endurance. These correlations differed from previously observed patterns of reproductive success and likely do not explain the declines in reproductive success associated with admixture. Future investigation of additional, unstudied traits and the use of different environments may shed light on the traits responsible for reproductive success in admixed Cutthroat Trout. C1 [Drinan, Daniel P.; Naish, Kerry A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Webb, Molly A. H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman Fish Technol Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Kalinowski, Steven T.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Boyer, Matthew C.; Steed, Amber C.] Montana Dept Fish Wildlife & Parks, Kalispell, MT 59901 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Muhlfeld, Clint C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Glacier Natl Pk, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA. [Muhlfeld, Clint C.] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA. RP Drinan, DP (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM ddrinan@uw.edu RI Naish, Kerry/F-5768-2014 OI Naish, Kerry/0000-0002-3275-8778 FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service FX The U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided funding through the Science Supported Partnership Program. We thank Aaron Nistler, Cal Fraser, Jason Ilgen, Matt Toner, Robert Muth, Taylor Wilcox, Luke Holmquist, Vincent D'Angelo, Brady Miller, Carter Fredenberg, Durae Belcer-Daniels, Rick Hunt, Steve Glutting, and Ninh Vu for help with field and laboratory work. We thank Kotaro Ono, Jake Ferguson, David Beauchamp, and James Kenagy for help with data analysis and interpretation. We thank two anonymous reviewers and Charles Waters for their reviews of earlier versions of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1275 EP 1291 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1064475 PG 17 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100015 ER PT J AU Hovel, RA Beauchamp, DA Hansen, AG Sorel, MH AF Hovel, Rachel A. Beauchamp, David A. Hansen, Adam G. Sorel, Mark H. TI Development of a Bioenergetics Model for the Threespine Stickleback SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID GASTEROSTEUS-ACULEATUS L; 3-SPINED STICKLEBACK; FOOD-CONSUMPTION; FISH ECOLOGY; GROWTH; LAKE; TEMPERATURE; SALMON; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT AB The Threespine Stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus is widely distributed across northern hemisphere ecosystems, has ecological influence as an abundant planktivore, and is commonly used as a model organism, but the species lacks a comprehensive model to describe bioenergetic performance in response to varying environmental or ecological conditions. This study parameterized a bioenergetics model for the Threespine Stickleback using laboratory measurements to determine mass-and temperature-dependent functions for maximum consumption and routine respiration costs. Maximum consumption experiments were conducted across a range of temperatures from 7.5 degrees C to 23.0 degrees C and a range of fish weights from 0.5 to 4.5 g. Respiration experiments were conducted across a range of temperatures from 8 degrees C to 28 degrees C. Model sensitivity was consistent with other comparable models in that the mass-dependent parameters for maximum consumption were the most sensitive. Growth estimates based on the Threespine Stickleback bioenergetics model suggested that 22 degrees C is the optimal temperature for growth when food is not limiting. The bioenergetics model performed well when used to predict independent, paired measures of consumption and growth observed from a separate wild population of Threespine Sticklebacks. Predicted values for consumption and growth (expressed as percent body weight per day) only deviated from observed values by 2.0%. Our model should provide insight into the physiological performance of this species across a range of environmental conditions and be useful for quantifying the trophic impact of this species in food webs containing other ecologically or economically important species. C1 [Hovel, Rachel A.; Hansen, Adam G.; Sorel, Mark H.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Hovel, RA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM rhovel@u.washington.edu FU School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences at the University of Washington; Seattle Public Utilities; U.S. Geological Survey; University of Washington; Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Institute FX The authors thank C. Peichel, K. Marchinko, and S. McCann of the Peichel laboratory at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center for providing equipment, organisms, and advice for the consumption and respiration experiments. All animals were treated in accordance with the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committees at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (protocol number 1575). T. Quinn of the University of Washington provided valuable support and helpful edits on the manuscript. Financial support for R. Hovel was provided by the H. Mason Keeler Fellowship awarded by the School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences at the University of Washington, and Seattle Public Utilities. The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Washington, the Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife Institute. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 12 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1311 EP 1321 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1079554 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100019 ER PT J AU Watkins, CJ Stevens, BS Quist, MC Shepard, BB Ireland, SC AF Watkins, Carson J. Stevens, Bryan S. Quist, Michael C. Shepard, Bradley B. Ireland, Susan C. TI Patterns of Fish Assemblage Structure and Habitat Use among Main- and Side-Channel Environments in the Lower Kootenai River, Idaho SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; NATIVE CUTTHROAT TROUT; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; AGE-0 BLUE SUCKER; MISSOURI RIVER; CYCLEPTUS-ELONGATUS; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; FLOW REGULATION; WATER-QUALITY; STREAM AB The lower Kootenai River, Idaho, was sampled during the summers of 2012 and 2013 to evaluate its fish assemblage structure at seven sites within main-and side-channel habitats where large-scale habitat rehabilitation was undertaken. Understanding the current patterns of fish assemblage structure and their relationships with habitat is important for evaluating the effects of past and future rehabilitation projects on the river. Species-specific habitat associations were modeled, and the variables that best explained the occurrence and relative abundance of fish were identified in order to guide future habitat rehabilitation so that it benefits native species. The results indicated that the side-channel habitats supported higher species richness than the main-channel habitats and that nonnative fishes were closely associated with newly rehabilitated habitats. This research provides valuable insight on the current fish assemblages in the Kootenai River and the assemblage-level responses that may occur as a result of future rehabilitation activities. C1 [Watkins, Carson J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr,Mail Stop 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Stevens, Bryan S.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 13 Nat Resources Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr,Mail Stop 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Shepard, Bradley B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Yellowstone Rockies Program, 65 9th St Isl Dr, Livingston, MT 59047 USA. [Ireland, Susan C.] Kootenai Tribe Idaho, POB 1269, Bonners Ferry, ID 83805 USA. RP Watkins, CJ (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr,Mail Stop 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM carson.watkins@idfg.idaho.gov FU Kootenai Tribe of Idaho; Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Idaho; U.S. Geological Survey; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank several University of Idaho technicians for their assistance with field work, especially C. Brown, K. Griffin, J. Johnson, D. Donnelly, J. Yates, and E. Landers. We thank K. Cain, B. Dennis, T. Kwak, and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The funding for this project was provided by the Kootenai Tribe of Idaho and the Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, which is jointly sponsored by the University of Idaho, U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Wildlife Management Institute. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. This project complied with University of Idaho Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol 2012-22. This is publication 2015-13 of the Quantitative Fisheries Center at Michigan State University. NR 92 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 6 BP 1340 EP 1355 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1069756 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DS1PT UT WOS:000380369100021 ER PT J AU Choi, CY Takekawa, JY Xiong, Y Liu, Y Wikelski, M Heine, G Prosser, DJ Newman, SH Edwards, J Guo, FS Xiao, XM AF Choi, Chang-Yong Takekawa, John Y. Xiong Yue Liu Ying Wikelski, Martin Heine, George Prosser, Diann J. Newman, Scott H. Edwards, John Guo, Fusheng Xiao, Xiangming TI Tracking domestic ducks: A novel approach for documenting poultry market chains in the context of avian influenza transmission SO JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE avian influenza; domestic duck; market chain; network; poultry; telemetry ID NETWORK ANALYSIS; H5N1 OUTBREAKS; VIRUS; ASIA; RISK; SURVEILLANCE AB Agro-ecological conditions associated with the spread and persistence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) are not well understood, but the trade of live poultry is suspected to be a major pathway. Although market chains of live bird trade have been studied through indirect means including interviews and questionnaires, direct methods have not been used to identify movements of individual poultry. To bridge the knowledge gap on quantitative movement and transportation of poultry, we introduced a novel approach for applying telemetry to document domestic duck movements from source farms at Poyang Lake, China. We deployed recently developed transmitters that record Global Positioning System (GPS) locations and send them through the Groupe Special Mobile (GSM) cellular telephone system. For the first time, we were able to track individually marked ducks from 3 to 396 km from their origin to other farms, distribution facilities, or live bird markets. Our proof of concept test showed that the use of GPS-GSM transmitters may provide direct, quantitative information to document the movement of poultry and reveal their market chains. Our findings provide an initial indication of the complexity of source-market network connectivity and highlight the great potential for future telemetry studies in poultry network analyses. C1 [Choi, Chang-Yong; Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA. [Choi, Chang-Yong; Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA. [Takekawa, John Y.] Natl Audubon Soc, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [Xiong Yue; Liu Ying] Jiangxi Normal Univ, Key Lab Poyang Lake Wetland & Watershed Res, Nanchang 330022, Peoples R China. [Wikelski, Martin] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany. [Wikelski, Martin; Heine, George] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, D-78457 Constance, Germany. [Prosser, Diann J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Newman, Scott H.] UN, FAO, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis ECTAD Vietna, Hanoi 10000, Vietnam. [Edwards, John; Guo, Fusheng] UN, FAO, Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis ECTAD China, Beijing 100600, Peoples R China. [Edwards, John] Murdoch Univ, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Xiao, Xiangming] Fudan Univ, Inst Biodivers Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. RP Xiao, XM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA.; Xiao, XM (reprint author), Fudan Univ, Inst Biodivers Sci, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. EM subbuteo@hanmail.net; xiangming.xiao@ou.edu FU National Institutes of Health [1R01AI101028-01A1]; Office of Health, Infectious Diseases and Nutrition in the Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development [GHA-G-00-06-00001] FX We thank Mr. Bernd Vorneweg in the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology and Mr. Harald Kautz and Mr. Bruno Erne in the University of Konstanz for their engineering help in transmitter development and maintenance. We also thank three anonymous reviewers for strengthening earlier versions of this manuscript. This work was led by the U.S. Geological Survey, University of Oklahoma, and FAO. Research was supported by the grants from the National Institutes of Health (1R01AI101028-01A1) and the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases and Nutrition in the Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development (GHA-G-00-06-00001). Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, University of Konstanz, and Jiangxi Normal University, China supported arrangements, logistics, and supplies for field work. The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government or FAO. The views expressed in this information product are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of FAO and USAID. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2095-3119 J9 J INTEGR AGR JI J. Integr. Agric. PY 2016 VL 15 IS 7 BP 1584 EP 1594 DI 10.1016/S2095-3119(15)61292-8 PG 11 WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary SC Agriculture GA DR8WK UT WOS:000380178900017 ER PT J AU Xiao, JF Liu, SG Stoy, PC AF Xiao, Jingfeng Liu, Shuguang Stoy, Paul C. TI Preface: Impacts of extreme climate events and disturbances on carbon dynamics SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Editorial Material ID MOUNTAIN PINE-BEETLE; NET PRIMARY PRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; TEMPERATE FORESTS; TREE MORTALITY; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; TROPICAL DEFORESTATION; NATURAL DISTURBANCES; SEASONAL-CHANGES; NORTH-AMERICA AB The impacts of extreme climate events and disturbances (ECE +/- D) on the carbon cycle have received growing attention in recent years. This special issue showcases a collection of recent advances in understanding the impacts of ECE +/- D on carbon cycling. Notable advances include quantifying how harvesting activities impact forest structure, carbon pool dynamics, and recovery processes; observed drastic increases of the concentrations of dissolved organic carbon and dissolved methane in thermokarst lakes in western Siberia during a summer warming event; disentangling the roles of herbivores and fire on forest carbon dioxide flux; direct and indirect impacts of fire on the global carbon balance; and improved atmospheric inversion of regional carbon sources and sinks by incorporating disturbances. Combined, studies herein indicate several major research needs. First, disturbances and extreme events can interact with one another, and it is important to understand their overall impacts and also disentangle their effects on the carbon cycle. Second, current ecosystem models are not skillful enough to correctly simulate the underlying processes and impacts of ECE +/- D (e.g., tree mortality and carbon consequences). Third, benchmark data characterizing the timing, location, type, and magnitude of disturbances must be systematically created to improve our ability to quantify carbon dynamics over large areas. Finally, improving the representation of ECE +/- D in regional climate/earth system models and accounting for the resulting feedbacks to climate are essential for understanding the interactions between climate and ecosystem dynamics. C1 [Xiao, Jingfeng] Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA. [Stoy, Paul C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. RP Xiao, JF (reprint author), Univ New Hampshire, Inst Study Earth Oceans & Space, Earth Syst Res Ctr, Durham, NH 03824 USA. EM j.xiao@unh.edu NR 75 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 13 U2 18 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2016 VL 13 IS 12 BP 3665 EP 3675 DI 10.5194/bg-13-3665-2016 PG 11 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DQ7ZG UT WOS:000379427700010 ER PT J AU Mizukami, N Clark, MP Sampson, K Nijssen, B Mao, YX McMillan, H Viger, RJ Markstrom, SL Hay, LE Woods, R Arnold, JR Brekke, LD AF Mizukami, Naoki Clark, Martyn P. Sampson, Kevin Nijssen, Bart Mao, Yixin McMillan, Hilary Viger, Roland J. Markstrom, Steve L. Hay, Lauren E. Woods, Ross Arnold, Jeffrey R. Brekke, Levi D. TI mizuRoute version 1: a river network routing tool for a continental domain water resources applications SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID EARTH SYSTEM MODELS; LAND-SURFACE; DATA ASSIMILATION; HYDROGRAPH; ALGORITHM; HYDROLOGY; WIDTH; DISTRIBUTIONS; DATASET; IMAGERY AB This paper describes the first version of a stand-alone runoff routing tool, mizuRoute. The mizuRoute tool post-processes runoff outputs from any distributed hydrologic model or land surface model to produce spatially distributed streamflow at various spatial scales from headwater basins to continental-wide river systems. The tool can utilize both traditional grid-based river network and vector-based river network data. Both types of river network include river segment lines and the associated drainage basin polygons, but the vector-based river network can represent finer-scale river lines than the grid-based network. Streamflow estimates at any desired location in the river network can be easily extracted from the output of mizuRoute. The routing process is simulated as two separate steps. First, hillslope routing is performed with a gamma-distribution-based unit-hydrograph to transport runoff from a hillslope to a catchment outlet. The second step is river channel routing, which is performed with one of two routing scheme options: (1) a kinematic wave tracking (KWT) routing procedure; and (2) an impulse response function - unit-hydrograph (IRF-UH) routing procedure. The mizuRoute tool also includes scripts (python, NetCDF operators) to pre-process spatial river network data. This paper demonstrates mizuRoute's capabilities to produce spatially distributed streamflow simulations based on river networks from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Geospatial Fabric (GF) data set in which over 54aEuro-000 river segments and their contributing areas are mapped across the contiguous United States (CONUS). A brief analysis of model parameter sensitivity is also provided. The mizuRoute tool can assist model-based water resources assessments including studies of the impacts of climate change on streamflow. C1 [Mizukami, Naoki; Clark, Martyn P.; Sampson, Kevin] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Nijssen, Bart; Mao, Yixin] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [McMillan, Hilary] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Viger, Roland J.; Markstrom, Steve L.; Hay, Lauren E.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Woods, Ross] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Arnold, Jeffrey R.] US Army Corps Engineers, Seattle, WA USA. [Brekke, Levi D.] US Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [McMillan, Hilary] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Mizukami, N (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM mizukami@ucar.edu RI Mizukami, Naoki/J-7027-2015; McMillan, Hilary/C-6772-2009; Woods, Ross/C-6696-2013; Nijssen, Bart/B-1013-2012 OI McMillan, Hilary/0000-0002-9330-9730; Woods, Ross/0000-0002-5732-5979; Nijssen, Bart/0000-0002-4062-0322 FU U.S Army Corps of Engineers Climate Preparedness and Resilience Program FX This work was financially supported by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers Climate Preparedness and Resilience Program. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 6 BP 2223 EP 2238 DI 10.5194/gmd-9-2223-2016 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DQ7RB UT WOS:000379404000012 ER PT J AU Farmer, WH AF Farmer, William H. TI Ordinary kriging as a tool to estimate historical daily streamflow records SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MODEL PERFORMANCE; UNGAUGED BASINS; REGIONAL RUNOFF; INTERPOLATION; PREDICTIONS; DISCHARGE; ERROR AB Efficient and responsible management of water resources relies on accurate streamflow records. However, many watersheds are ungaged, limiting the ability to assess and understand local hydrology. Several tools have been developed to alleviate this data scarcity, but few provide continuous daily streamflow records at individual streamgages within an entire region. Building on the history of hydrologic mapping, ordinary kriging was extended to predict daily streamflow time series on a regional basis. Pooling parameters to estimate a single, time-invariant characterization of spatial semivariance structure is shown to produce accurate reproduction of streamflow. This approach is contrasted with a time-varying series of variograms, representing the temporal evolution and behavior of the spatial semivariance structure. Furthermore, the ordinary kriging approach is shown to produce more accurate time series than more common, single-index hydrologic transfers. A comparison between topological kriging and ordinary kriging is less definitive, showing the ordinary kriging approach to be significantly inferior in terms of Nash-Sutcliffe model efficiencies while maintaining significantly superior performance measured by root mean squared errors. Given the similarity of performance and the computational efficiency of ordinary kriging, it is concluded that ordinary kriging is useful for first-order approximation of daily streamflow time series in ungaged watersheds. C1 [Farmer, William H.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 410, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP Farmer, WH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 410, Denver, CO 80225 USA. EM wfarmer@usgs.gov OI Farmer, William/0000-0002-2865-2196 FU Department of the Interior's WaterSMART initiative; U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Census FX This paper represents the evolution of work published as part of the author's PhD dissertation. This research was supported by the Department of the Interior's WaterSMART initiative and the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water Census. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. David Wolock and Gregory Koltun, both of the U.S. Geological Survey, provided valuable reviews of the initial manuscript. Edzer Pebesma, Jan Olav Skoien, and Alessio Pugliese provided valuable reviews as part of the public commentary. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2016 VL 20 IS 7 BP 2721 EP 2735 DI 10.5194/hess-20-2721-2016 PG 15 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DQ7WY UT WOS:000379420000010 ER PT J AU Lazarus, BE Germino, MJ Vander Veen, JL AF Lazarus, Brynne E. Germino, Matthew J. Vander Veen, Jessica L. TI Online induction heating for determination of isotope composition of woody stem water with laser spectrometry: a methods assessment SO ISOTOPES IN ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTH STUDIES LA English DT Article DE hydrogen-2; isotope measurements; methods and equipment; laser spectroscopy; oxygen-18; woody stem; water ID RATIO INFRARED-SPECTROSCOPY; DELTA-O-18; DELTA-H-2; EXTRACTION; TREES; PLANT AB Application of stable isotopes of water to studies of plant-soil interactions often requires a substantial preparatory step of extracting water from samples without fractionating isotopes. Online heating is an emerging approach for this need, but is relatively untested and major questions of how to best deliver standards and assess interference by organics have not been evaluated. We examined these issues in our application of measuring woody stem xylem of sagebrush using a Picarro laser spectrometer with online induction heating. We determined (1) effects of cryogenic compared to induction-heating extraction, (2) effects of delivery of standards on filter media compared to on woody stem sections, and (3) spectral interference from organic compounds for these approaches (and developed a technique to do so). Our results suggest that matching sample and standard media improves accuracy, but that isotopic values differ with the extraction method in ways that are not due to spectral interference from organics. C1 [Lazarus, Brynne E.; Germino, Matthew J.; Vander Veen, Jessica L.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA. RP Lazarus, BE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA. EM blazarus@usgs.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1025-6016 EI 1477-2639 J9 ISOT ENVIRON HEALT S JI Isot. Environ. Health Stud. PY 2016 VL 52 IS 3 BP 309 EP 325 DI 10.1080/10256016.2016.1141205 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DQ5NU UT WOS:000379252900012 PM 26963293 ER PT J AU Parr, RT Jennings, CA Denslow, ND Kroll, KJ Bringolf, RB AF Parr, R. T. Jennings, C. A. Denslow, N. D. Kroll, K. J. Bringolf, R. B. TI Evaluation of Reproductive Status in Atlantic Tripletail by Traditional and Nonlethal Approaches SO MARINE AND COASTAL FISHERIES LA English DT Article ID LOBOTES-SURINAMENSIS; SEX STEROIDS; VITELLOGENIN; STURGEON; RIVER; BIOMARKER; EXPOSURE; FISHES AB Reproductive biology information is an important tool for fishery management actions such as the identification of spawning areas and the development of protective size limits, bag limits, and seasons. Such information for the management of Atlantic Tripletail Lobotes surinamensis is currently limited, particularly in the western Atlantic Ocean, as information regarding the reproductive biology of this species is sparse in the published literature. To this end, we determined the reproductive status of tripletail and compared the results of a nonlethal sampling method, plasma vitellogenin (VTG) analysis, with those of two traditional (lethal) methods, gonadosomatic index (GSI) and gonad histology. A total of 223 (122 male and 101 female) triple-tail were sampled over 2 years near Jekyll Island, Georgia. Gonad histology indicated that 107 (94%) of the male tripletail were in the spawning-capable reproductive phase. Female tripletail were found in all reproductive phases, but only nine (8.9%) were in the spawning-capable phase. Plasma VTG was strongly related to GSI in females (R-2 = 0.832, n = 77), and female GSI differed significantly among reproductive phases (p < 0.0001). The estimated length at which 50% (L50) of female tripletail reached maturity was 463 mm; however, the L50 for male tripletail could not be determined because of the lack of immature fish within the study sample. Our study provides valuable information for the management of tripletail and indicates that a nonlethal approach (plasma VTG) may be useful for differentiating developing and spawning-capable females from males and from females in other reproductive phases. C1 [Parr, R. T.; Bringolf, R. B.] Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jennings, C. A.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30302 USA. [Denslow, N. D.; Kroll, K. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, POB 110885,2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Denslow, N. D.; Kroll, K. J.] Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, POB 110885,2187 Mowry Rd, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Parr, R. T.] 41 Pk Commerce Way,Suite 303, Savannah, GA 31405 USA. RP Bringolf, RB (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM bringo@uga.edu FU GADNR; CRD; Federal Sportfish Restoration Fund; University of Georgia [A2009 02-030-R2]; University of Georgia; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey FX This project was funded by GADNR, CRD, and the Federal Sportfish Restoration Fund, and was conducted under the auspices of the University of Georgia Animal Use Protocol A2009 02-030-R2. D. Haymans, C. Belcher, and S. Woodward provided essential guidance throughout the project. B. Warren provided insightful editorial comments to an earlier draft of this manuscript. J. Franks provided invaluable technical advice on many aspects of Atlantic Tripletail life history and biology. We are indebted to the staff at CRD for field and technical assistance. Anglers from the Coastal Conservation Association of Georgia and especially G. Hildreth provided assistance with field sampling. The Georgia Cooperative Research Unit is jointly sponsored by GADNR, the University of Georgia, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Geological Survey. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1942-5120 J9 MAR COAST FISH JI Mar. Coast. Fish. PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 BP 16 EP 22 DI 10.1080/19425120.2015.1135220 PG 7 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DR2YQ UT WOS:000379770200002 ER PT J AU Twibell, RG Barron, JM Gannam, AL AF Twibell, Ronald G. Barron, James M. Gannam, Ann L. TI Evaluation of Dietary Lipid Sources for the Juvenile Lost River Sucker SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID FATTY-ACID-COMPOSITION; SALMON SALMO-SALAR; FISH-OIL; GROWTH-PERFORMANCE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; RAINBOW-TROUT; SOYBEAN OIL; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; REPLACEMENT; METABOLISM AB The establishment of a propagation program is among the recommended actions of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service recovery plan for the endangered Lost River Sucker Deltistes luxatus. As an initial step in diet development, a feeding trial was conducted to identify appropriate dietary lipid sources to feed juvenile Lost River Suckers at a rate of 0.47 g/fish. Six dietary treatments were produced by adding the following to a basal diet: (1) marine fish oil (Fish) as a control, (2) flaxseed oil (Flax), (3) soybean oil (Soy), or a 1: 1 mixture of (4) fish and flax oil (Fish/Flax), (5) fish and soy oil (Fish/Soy), or (6) flax and soy oil (Flax/Soy). At the conclusion of the feeding trial weight gain of fish fed the control diet (Fish) was not significantly different than that of fish fed the other dietary treatments. However, weight gain of fish fed Soy was significantly higher than that of fish fed Fish/Flax. Whole-body lipid was significantly higher in fish fed Soy than in fish fed Fish, Flax, Fish/Flax, or Fish/Soy, but not significantly different than that in fish fed Flax/Soy. Generally, whole body fatty acid profiles reflected the fatty acid profiles of their respective dietary treatments. These results suggest soybean oil is an appropriate dietary lipid source for the Lost River Sucker, but more research on quantitative dietary requirements is needed for successful propagation of this species. C1 [Twibell, Ronald G.; Barron, James M.; Gannam, Ann L.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. RP Twibell, RG (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA. EM ronald_twibell@fws.gov FU Klamath Falls Fish and Wildlife Office (USFWS) FX We thank Josh Rasmussen, Scott Foott, and Ron Stone for their invaluable assistance with this project and for providing fish. The assistance with weekend care and feeding of fish provided by John Holmes and Jeff Poole also is gratefully acknowledged. This study was funded by the Klamath Falls Fish and Wildlife Office (USFWS). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The use of trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2016 VL 78 IS 3 BP 234 EP 242 DI 10.1080/15222055.2016.1167799 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ9TP UT WOS:000379552500008 ER PT J AU Feuerbacher, O Bonar, SA Barrett, PJ AF Feuerbacher, Olin Bonar, Scott A. Barrett, Paul J. TI Design and Testing of a Mesocosm-Scale Habitat for Culturing the Endangered Devils Hole Pupfish SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; ULTRAPURE WATER; REMOVAL; PROPAGATION; PLASTICITY; REACTOR; CARBON AB Captive propagation of desert spring fishes, whether for conservation or research, is often difficult, given the unique and often challenging environments these fish utilize in nature. High temperatures, low dissolved oxygen, minimal water flow, and highly variable lighting are some conditions a researcher might need to recreate to simulate their natural environments. Here we describe a mesocosm-scale habitat created to maintain hybrid Devils Hole x Ash Meadows Amargosa Pupfish (Cyprinodon diabolis x C. nevadensis mionectes) under conditions similar to those found in Devils Hole, Nevada. This 13,000-L system utilized flow control and natural processes to maintain these conditions rather than utilizing complex and expensive automation. We designed a rotating solar collector to control natural sunlight, a biological reactor to consume oxygen while buffering water quality, and a reverse-daylight photosynthesis sump system to stabilize nighttime pH and swings in dissolved oxygen levels. This system successfully controlled many desired parameters and helped inform development of a larger, more permanent desert fish conservation facility at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Ash Meadows National Wildlife Refuge, Nevada. For others who need to raise fish from unique habitats, many components of the scalable and modular design of this system can be adapted at reasonable cost. C1 [Feuerbacher, Olin] Univ Arizona, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Barrett, Paul J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 4701 North Torrey Pines Dr, Las Vegas, NV 89130 USA. [Feuerbacher, Olin] Ash Meadows Natl Wildlife Refuge, 610 East Springs Meadows Rd, Amargosa Valley, NV 89020 USA. RP Bonar, SA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM sbonar@ag.arizona.edu FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); University of Arizona (UA); USFWS; USGS; UA; Nevada Division of Wildlife (NDOW); National Park Service (NPS); USFWS [USFWS Cooperative Agreement 843208J477] FX We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and University of Arizona (UA) for project funding; and the USFWS, USGS, UA, Nevada Division of Wildlife (NDOW), and National Park Service (NPS) for additional support. Funding for this work was primarily provided through USFWS Cooperative Agreement 843208J477. Particularly, we thank Lee Simons and Darrick Weissenfluh (USFWS) for additional project oversight. We thank Michael Childs, Robert Clarke, Robert Lee, Javier Linares, Mark Olsen, Michael Senn, Lee Simons, Darrick Weissenfluh, and Robert Williams (USFWS); Jon Sjoberg and Sean Harris (NDOW); Kevin Fitzsimmons and William Matter (UA); James Deacon (University of Nevada, Las Vegas); Michael Bower, D. Bailey Gaines, Jeffery Goldstein, and Kevin Wilson (NPS); and Arcadio Valdes Gonzalez (Facultad de Ciencias Biologicas de la Universidad Autonoma de Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico) for project consultation, review, and advice. Michael Childs and Mark Olsen (USFWS); Tom Baugh; Jack Jewell (Shark Reef, Mandalay Bay Resort, Las Vegas); James Deacon (University of Nevada, Las Vegas); Arcadio Valdes Gonzalez; and others conducted pioneering research on propagation of pure and hybrid Devils Hole Pupfish that helped guide this research. We thank staff at USFWS Willow Beach National Fish Hatchery for providing fish for our research. We thank Ambre Chaudoin, Matt Recsetar, and Lisa Trestik (UA) for assistance with experiments and Carol Yde, Cindy Cowen, and Lindsey Fera (UA) for administrative assistance. All research was conducted in accordance with UA Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee protocol 09-088. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2016 VL 78 IS 3 BP 259 EP 269 DI 10.1080/15222055.2016.1159626 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ9TP UT WOS:000379552500011 ER PT B AU Panda, SS Rao, MN Thenkabail, PS Fitzerald, JE AF Panda, Sudhanshu S. Rao, Mahesh N. Thenkabail, Prasad S. Fitzerald, James E. BE Thenkabail, PS TI Remote Sensing Systems-Platforms and Sensors: Aerial, Satellite, UAV, Optical, Radar, and LiDAR SO REMOTELY SENSED DATA CHARACTERIZATION, CLASSIFICATION, AND ACCURACIES SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID GLOBAL LAND-COVER; FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION SONAR; SOIL-MOISTURE MEASUREMENTS; FOREST CARBON STOCKS; AIRBORNE LIDAR; REFLECTANCE SPECTROSCOPY; ALTIMETER MEASUREMENTS; MAPPING VEGETATION; LIGHT DETECTION; WATER CONTENT C1 [Panda, Sudhanshu S.] Univ North Georgia, Inst Environm Spatial Anal, Oakwood, GA 30566 USA. [Rao, Mahesh N.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Forestry & Wildlife Resources, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Panda, SS (reprint author), Univ North Georgia, Inst Environm Spatial Anal, Oakwood, GA 30566 USA. NR 162 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1787-2; 978-1-4822-1786-5 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 1 BP 3 EP 57 PG 55 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BE8ZW UT WOS:000377171900004 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. BE Thenkabail, PS TI Preface: Remote Sensing Advances of the Last 50 Years and a Vision for the Future SO REMOTELY SENSED DATA CHARACTERIZATION, CLASSIFICATION, AND ACCURACIES SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] Flagstaff Sci Ctr, Geog, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ USA. [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), Flagstaff Sci Ctr, Geog, Flagstaff, AZ USA.; Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), Western Geog Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ USA.; Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1787-2; 978-1-4822-1786-5 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 1 BP XVII EP XXI PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BE8ZW UT WOS:000377171900002 ER PT B AU Thenkabail, PS AF Thenkabail, Prasad S. BE Thenkabail, PS TI Remote Sensing Data Characterization, Classification, and Accuracies: Advances of the Last 50 Years and a Vision for the Future SO REMOTELY SENSED DATA CHARACTERIZATION, CLASSIFICATION, AND ACCURACIES SE Remote Sensing Handbook LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION; IMAGE CLASSIFICATION; VEGETATION INDEXES; LANDSAT MSS; LIDAR DATA; SENSORS; CLOUD; WEB C1 [Thenkabail, Prasad S.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. RP Thenkabail, PS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-1787-2; 978-1-4822-1786-5 J9 REMOTE SENS HBK PY 2016 VL 1 BP 625 EP 662 PG 38 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing SC Geology; Remote Sensing GA BE8ZW UT WOS:000377171900047 ER PT J AU Reid, SB Goodman, DH AF Reid, Stewart B. Goodman, Damon H. TI Pacific Lamprey in Coastal Drainages of California: Occupancy Patterns and Contraction of the Southern Range SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; LAMPETRA-TRIDENTATA; POPULATIONS; ENTOSPHENUS AB Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus have been overlooked historically in fish surveys using standard salmonid methods along the Pacific coast of North America. As a result, little is known of even their broader distribution patterns at the drainage level. Over the last 2 decades, the species has shown a northward range contraction of over 900 km, and at this time the southernmost population is the Big Sur River in California. This study evaluates the hypothesis that Pacific Lampreys do not typically utilize relatively small coastal drainages (<100 km(2)). We examined historical Pacific Lamprey records throughout California and surveyed 349 current sites in 102 coastal drainages along the California coastline and into Baja California. Within their currently occupied range (north of Big Sur), Pacific Lampreys were found in all drainages > 100 km(2), but in only 3 of 29 drainages <50 km(2), and they were absent in all drainages <25 km(2). All historical records are from drainages > 50 km(2), and primarily from larger drainages in southern California. Our results will support greater exploration of the ecological roles of lampreys in coastal streams, where they act as importers of marine nutrients, substrate engineers and filter feeders, as well as providing a rich prey base for many species. This paper also provides resource managers with an understanding of where Pacific Lampreys are likely to be found and where they were probably not a natural component of the fish fauna, allowing prioritization of conservation actions and more effective use of resources. C1 [Reid, Stewart B.] Western Fishes, 2045 East Main St, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. [Goodman, Damon H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arcata Fish & Wildlife Off, 1655 Heindon Rd, Arcata, CA 95521 USA. RP Reid, SB (reprint author), Western Fishes, 2045 East Main St, Ashland, OR 97520 USA. EM westernfishes@opendoor.com FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Region 8; USFWS Region 1; Desert Fishes Council; Western Fishes FX For sharing survey results from select streams in their areas, we thank S. Gallagher and S. Thompson (California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Fort Bragg), J. Nelson (California Department of Fish and Wildlife, Santa Cruz), M. Reichmuth and S. Carlisle (National Park Service, Point Reyes), B. Spence and A. McHuron (U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, Santa Cruz), J. Smith (San Jose State University), F. Otte (City of San Luis Obispo), and M. Readdie (Landels-Hill Big Creek Reserve). R. Bourque and P. Righter (Green Diamond Resource Company) for facilitated access to key streams. R. Feeney (Los Angeles County Museum) examined Big Creek specimens. Gorgonio Ruiz Campos (Universidad Autonoma de Baja California, Ensenada) provided hospitality and companionship in the field. C. Swift (Los Angeles County Museum) and S. Howard (United Water Conservation District, Santa Paula) shared their familiarity with southern streams. This project was funded in part by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), Region 8. We have also drawn upon the results of previous surveys funded by USFWS Region 1, the Desert Fishes Council, and Western Fishes. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the USFWS. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 703 EP 711 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1159615 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200003 ER PT J AU Schmucker, AK Johnson, NS Galbraith, HS Li, WM AF Schmucker, Andrew K. Johnson, Nicholas S. Galbraith, Heather S. Li, Weiming TI Glass-Eel-Stage American Eels Respond to Conspecific Odor as a Function of Concentration SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID ANGUILLA-ANGUILLA L; EUROPEAN EEL; SEA LAMPREY; OLFACTORY SENSITIVITY; ROSTRATA LESUEUR; SKIN MUCUS; BEHAVIOR; MIGRATION; ELVERS; WATER AB The American Eel Anguilla rostrata has experienced staggering population declines in recent decades and is now the focus of restoration efforts. Studies have demonstrated that olfaction is critical to anguillid behavior and that glass eels (the life stage which migrates inland from saltwater to freshwater) are attracted to conspecific washings. We evaluated conspecific cueing as a potential mechanism for American Eel inland migration coordination by assessing (1) the affinity of glass eels to conspecific washings, (2) the concentration-response relationships, and (3) changes in responsiveness to washings during the glass eel-to-elver transition. In two-choice maze assays, glass eels were attracted to glass eel washings over a wide range of concentrations (0.20-0.40 g of glass eels.L-1.h(-1)), and a logarithmic function provided the best fit to the concentration-response relationship. When given a choice between two conspecific washings of higher and lower concentrations, the glass eels generally preferred the higher concentration. Responses to undiluted glass eel washings did not significantly differ among stage-3-7 glass eels, although stage-7 eels were not attracted to the washings, whereas the other stages were. Washing affinity remained similar over the course of several weeks. These results support aspects of the conspecific cueing hypothesis at the glass eel life stage under laboratory conditions, suggesting that conspecific cueing is an important component of migration coordination among juvenile American Eels and warrants additional study. C1 [Schmucker, Andrew K.; Li, Weiming] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, 13 Nat Resources Bldg,480 Wilson Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Johnson, Nicholas S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. [Galbraith, Heather S.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, 176 Straight Run Rd, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA. RP Johnson, NS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA. EM njohnson@usgs.gov FU USGS FX We thank the staff of the USGS Northern Appalachian Research Laboratory for their valuable support in performing this study; we are particularly grateful to David Dropkin, Jeffrey Henry, Carrie Blakeslee, and Sophie Weaver for their assistance in experimental setup and data analysis. We also thank Keith Whiteford (MDDNR) for providing the specimens for this study. The anonymous reviewers; the Li Laboratory at Michigan State University, notably Tyler Buchinger; and the staff of Hammond Bay Biological Station generously provided consultation, assistance, and commentary on the study. Use of specimens was approved by the USGS for the overarching study plan entitled "The role of chemical cues in guiding American Eel migration"; because animal care was under the auspices of the USGS, an animal use exemption form was granted by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Michigan State University. This manuscript is Contribution 2008 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center. Funding for the study was provided by the USGS. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 48 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 712 EP 722 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1146164 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200004 ER PT J AU Archdeacon, TP AF Archdeacon, Thomas P. TI Reduction in Spring Flow Threatens Rio Grande Silvery Minnow: Trends in Abundance during River Intermittency SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SAND-BED RIVER; NEW-MEXICO; FISHES; CONSERVATION; STRATEGIES; FISHWAY; PLAINS; BASIN AB Habitat fragmentation and changes in flow regime can structure fish assemblages, resulting in extirpations or invasions. A guild of freshwater stream fishes that spawn semi-buoyant, nonadhesive eggs directly in the water column are particularly susceptible to extirpation in fragmented streams. The pelagic broadcast-spawning Rio Grande Silvery Minnow Hybognathus amarus was listed as endangered in 1994 and has been intensely managed since. I used mean May flows and the number of times the channel dried within a year to predict numbers of Rio Grande Silvery Minnow captured in isolated pools in the Middle Rio Grande, New Mexico. Adult Rio Grande Silvery Minnow numbers increased as previous year's mean May discharge increased, and generally decreased with each subsequent drying event. Similarly, numbers of young-of-year Rio Grande Silvery Minnow increased with increasing mean May discharge in the current year. However, young-of-year minnow were either very abundant or nearly absent in isolated pools, depending on mean May discharge. Overall trends show a strong decrease in total yearly numbers of adult and young-of-year Rio Grande Silvery Minnow collected in isolated pools from 2009 to 2014, coupled with an increase in the proportion of hatchery-reared adults. Overall numbers fell from >1,000/km in 2009 to <15/km in 2014. Hatchery-reared fish increased from 0% in 2009 collections to 90% in 2014 collections. Managers should focus recovery efforts on providing spring flows that improve recruitment, and avoiding consecutive years of low spring flow because any population recovery will likely be negated by three consecutive years of recruitment failure. A self-sustaining population of Rio Grande Silvery Minnow is unlikely without management options that mitigate the effects of multiyear droughts. C1 [Archdeacon, Thomas P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 300 Commons Ave Northeast, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. RP Archdeacon, TP (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, New Mexico Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 300 Commons Ave Northeast, Albuquerque, NM 87109 USA. EM thomas_archdeacon@fws.gov FU U.S. Bureau of Reclamation [02-AA-40-8190] FX This manuscript would not have been possible without the help of many individuals. I thank James E. Brooks and W. Jason Remshardt for initially allowing me to work on the salvage and rescue project, Tristan J. Austring for assistance with data collection and data management, staff at Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge for access and logistics, and Ryan R. Wilson for guidance on statistical analyses. Jane Fencl, Nathan Franssen, Jennifer Fowler-Propst, Adrian Oglesby, and Paul Tashjian provided advice on the manuscript. Two anonymous reviewers and the associate editor provided thoughtful comments on the manuscript. I also thank the numerous technicians who worked on salvage and rescue since 2007. This project was funded by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, Interagency Agreement 02-AA-40-8190. The views expressed here are my own and do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 754 EP 765 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1159611 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200007 ER PT J AU Wagner, T Midway, SR Vidal, T Irwin, BJ Jackson, JR AF Wagner, Tyler Midway, Stephen R. Vidal, Tiffany Irwin, Brian J. Jackson, James R. TI Detecting Unusual Temporal Patterns in Fisheries Time Series Data SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID WALLEYE STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; YELLOW PERCH; ONEIDA LAKE; NEW-YORK; ZEBRA MUSSELS; MANAGEMENT; SELECTIVITY; MODEL; POPULATION; FLAVESCENS AB Long-term sampling of fisheries data is an important source of information for making inferences about the temporal dynamics of populations that support ecologically and economically important fisheries. For example, time series of catch-per-effort data are often examined for the presence of long-term trends. However, it is also of interest to know whether certain sampled locations are exhibiting temporal patterns that deviate from the overall pattern exhibited across all sampled locations. Patterns at these "unusual" sites may be the result of site-specific abiotic (e.g., habitat) or biotic (e.g., the presence of an invasive species) factors that cause these sites to respond differently to natural or anthropogenic drivers of population dynamics or to management actions. We present a Bayesian model selection approach that allows for detection of unique sites-locations that display temporal patterns with documentable inconsistencies relative to the overall global average temporal pattern. We applied this modeling approach to long-term gill-net data collected from a fixed-site, standardized sampling program for Yellow Perch Perca flavescens in Oneida Lake, New York, but the approach is also relevant to shorter time series data. We used this approach to identify six sites with distinct temporal patterns that differed from the lakewide trend, and we describe the magnitude of the difference between these patterns and the lakewide average trend. Detection of unique sites may be informative for management decisions related to prioritizing rehabilitation or restoration efforts, stocking, or determining fishable areas and for further understanding changes in ecosystem dynamics. C1 [Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 402 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Midway, Stephen R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 419 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Vidal, Tiffany] Univ Georgia, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Irwin, Brian J.] Univ Georgia, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, DB Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, US Geol Survey, 180 East Green St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jackson, James R.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Biol Field Stn, 900 Shackelton Point Rd, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA. [Jackson, James R.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, 900 Shackelton Point Rd, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA. RP Wagner, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 402 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM txw19@psu.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; Georgia Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Georgia; Wildlife Management Institute; Department of the Interior's Northeast Climate Science Center FX We thank the biologists and technicians at the Cornell Biological Field Station for collecting the gill-net data over the last 60 years. We also acknowledge Tom Prebyl for creating the map of Oneida Lake. The Georgia Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is sponsored jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Georgia Department of Natural Resources, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the University of Georgia, and the Wildlife Management Institute. B.J.I. and T.V. thank the Department of the Interior's Northeast Climate Science Center for additional funding support. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 786 EP 794 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1150879 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200010 ER PT J AU Evans, AF Payton, Q Turecek, A Cramer, B Collis, K Roby, DD Loschl, PJ Sullivan, L Skalski, J Weiland, M Dotson, C AF Evans, Allen F. Payton, Quinn Turecek, Aaron Cramer, Bradley Collis, Ken Roby, Daniel D. Loschl, Peter J. Sullivan, Leah Skalski, John Weiland, Mark Dotson, Curtis TI Avian Predation on Juvenile Salmonids: Spatial and Temporal Analysis Based on Acoustic and Passive Integrated Transponder Tags SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID COLUMBIA RIVER ESTUARY; DOUBLE-CRESTED CORMORANTS; CHINOOK SALMON; RELATIVE VULNERABILITY; SNAKE RIVER; SURVIVAL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PROBABILITIES; MANAGEMENT; WATERBIRDS AB We evaluated the impact of predation on juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss and yearling and subyearling Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha by piscivorous waterbirds from 11 different breeding colonies in the Columbia River basin during 2012 and 2014. Fish were tagged with both acoustic tags and PIT tags and were tracked via a network of hydrophone arrays to estimate total smolt mortality (1 -survival) at various spatial and temporal scales during outmigration. Recoveries of PIT tags on bird colonies, coupled with the last known detections of live fish passing hydrophone arrays, were used to estimate the impact of avian predation relative to total smolt mortality. Results indicated that avian predation was a substantial source of steelheadmortality, with predation probability (proportion of available fish consumed by birds) ranging from 0.06 to 0.28 for fish traveling through the lower Snake River and the lower and middle Columbia River. Predation probability estimates ranged from 0.03 to 0.09 for available tagged yearling Chinook Salmon and from 0.01 to 0.05 for subyearlings. Smolt predation by gulls Larus spp. was concentrated near hydroelectric dams, while predation by Caspian terns Hydroprogne caspia was concentrated within reservoirs. No concentrated areas of predation were identified for double-crested cormorants Phalacrocorax auritus or American white pelicans Pelecanus erythrorhynchos. Comparisons of total smolt mortality relative to mortality from colonial waterbirds indicated that avian predation was one of the greatest sources of mortality for steelhead and yearling Chinook Salmon during out-migration. In contrast, avian predation on subyearling Chinook Salmon was generally low and constituted a minor component of total mortality. Our results demonstrate that acoustic and PIT tag technologies can be combined to quantify where and when smolt mortality occurs and the fraction of mortality that is due to colonial waterbird predation relative to non-avian mortality sources. C1 [Evans, Allen F.; Payton, Quinn; Turecek, Aaron; Cramer, Bradley; Collis, Ken] Real Time Res Inc, 1000 Southwest Emkay Dr, Bend, OR 97702 USA. [Roby, Daniel D.] Oregon State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Loschl, Peter J.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. [Sullivan, Leah] Blue Leaf Environm Inc, 2301 West Dolarway Rd,Suite 3, Ellensburg, WA 98926 USA. [Skalski, John] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1324 Fourth Ave,Suite 1515, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Weiland, Mark] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 290 Evergreen Dr,POB 241, North Bonneville, WA 98639 USA. [Dotson, Curtis] Publ Util Dist 2 Grant Cty, POB 87830, Ephrata, WA 98823 USA. RP Collis, K (reprint author), Real Time Res Inc, 1000 Southwest Emkay Dr, Bend, OR 97702 USA. EM ken@realtimeresearch.com OI Skalski, John/0000-0002-7070-2505 FU Public Utility District Number 2 of Grant County, Washington FX This project was funded by Public Utility District Number 2 of Grant County, Washington, with oversight and approval from the Priest Rapids Coordinating Committee. J. Skidmore and D. Roberts (Bonneville Power Administration) and E. Hockersmith and D. Trachtenbarg (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Walla Walla District) also provided assistance, for which we are grateful. We thank C. Fitzgerald (Blue Leaf Environmental) and R. Townsend for preparation of acoustic data and for general support. This study would not have been possible without the hard work and dedication of numerous field researchers. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 17 U2 18 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 860 EP 877 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1150881 PG 18 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200017 ER PT J AU Davis, LA Wagner, T AF Davis, Lori A. Wagner, Tyler TI Scale-Dependent Seasonal Pool Habitat Use by Sympatric Wild Brook Trout and Brown Trout Populations SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL WYOMING STREAMS; SALMO-TRUTTA; SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; CUTTHROAT TROUT; BULL TROUT; RESOURCE SELECTION; HEADWATER STREAMS; ADIRONDACK RIVER; MICROHABITAT USE; FISH ASSEMBLAGE AB Sympatric populations of native Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis and naturalized Brown Trout Salmo trutta exist throughout the eastern USA. An understanding of habitat use by sympatric populations is of importance for fisheries management agencies because of the close association between habitat and population dynamics. Moreover, habitat use by stream-dwelling salmonids may be further complicated by several factors, including the potential for fish to display scale-dependent habitat use. Discrete-choice models were used to (1) evaluate fall and early winter daytime habitat use by sympatric Brook Trout and Brown Trout populations based on available residual pool habitat within a stream network and (2) assess the sensitivity of inferred habitat use to changes in the spatial scale of the assumed available habitat. Trout exhibited an overall preference for pool habitats over nonpool habitats; however, the use of pools was nonlinear over time. Brook Trout displayed a greater preference for deep residual pool habitats than for shallow pool and nonpool habitats, whereas Brown Trout selected for all pool habitat categories similarly. Habitat use by both species was found to be scale dependent. At the smallest spatial scale (50 m), habitat use was primarily related to the time of year and fish weight. However, at larger spatial scales (250 and 450 m), habitat use varied over time according to the study stream in which a fish was located. Scale-dependent relationships in seasonal habitat use by Brook Trout and Brown Trout highlight the importance of considering scale when attempting to make inferences about habitat use; fisheries managers may want to consider identifying the appropriate spatial scale when devising actions to restore and protect Brook Trout populations and their habitats. C1 [Davis, Lori A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Northeast Fishery Ctr, 308 Washington Ave, Lamar, PA 16848 USA. [Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 402 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Wagner, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 402 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM txw19@psu.edu FU U.S. Geological Survey; Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission FX We thank Jason Detar, Dave Kristine, and John Sweka for providing assistance with field sampling; Josh Hickey, Evan Faulk, and Zeb Buck for assistance with radio-tracking; and the Pennsylvania Department of Conservation and Natural Resources (Steve VanEerden) for allowing access to its property. Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Fish handling conformed to protocols approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC Number 35254) at The Pennsylvania State University. NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 888 EP 902 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1167777 PG 15 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200019 ER PT J AU Puchala, EA Parrish, DL Donovan, TM AF Puchala, Elizabeth A. Parrish, Donna L. Donovan, Therese M. TI Predicting the Stability of Endangered Stonecats in the LaPlatte River, Vermont SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID REGULATED PRAIRIE RIVER; HABITAT ASSOCIATIONS; NOTURUS-FLAVUS; STREAM; POPULATIONS; PHOSPHORUS; RECAPTURE; SCULPIN; FISHES; MADTOM AB Stonecats Noturus flavus in Vermont conform to a rare distribution pattern (as designated by Rabinowitz 1981) because their known distribution within the state is limited to the LaPlatte and Missisquoi rivers. We focused on Stonecats in the LaPlatte River to predict the stability of the population. During 2012-2014, we captured Stonecats via backpack electrofishing; fish were PIT-tagged (>90 mm TL) and marked with visible implant elastomer. Among the 1,671 Stonecats that were captured, 1,252 were PIT-tagged. Only 156 (12%) of the PIT-tagged fish were recaptured, and only 22 of those individuals were recaptured more than once. The Pradel model in Program MARK was used to estimate apparent survival (Phi) and seniority, which were used to derive the rate of population change (lambda) for the Stonecat encounter histories we studied. We examined a total of 64 models in our candidate set, with the following covariates: TL at first capture, maximum temperature, season, maximum discharge, and area sampled. Survival estimates were highest in the spring (range of daily Phi = 0.9993-0.9995) and increased with greater TL at first capture. We also estimated increases in capture probability with increasing area sampled. We derived an annual lambda of 0.9794, which indicates a slightly decreasing population. However, our lambda estimate contained uncertainty that was likely increased due to the low recapture rates. Additional years of data could increase the accuracy of the lambda estimate. In the meantime, we have provided insight into Stonecat population parameters that were otherwise unknown. C1 [Puchala, Elizabeth A.] Univ Vermont, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Parrish, Donna L.; Donovan, Therese M.] Univ Vermont, US Geol Survey, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. RP Puchala, EA (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM betsy.puchala@gmail.com FU University of Vermont [12-005]; U.S. Geological Survey; VFWD; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank VFWD biologists Ken Cox (project officer) and Bernie Pientka for their guidance and participation throughout the project; M. Stein, L. Simard, A. Sotola, and other technicians and volunteers who assisted in the field and laboratory; and Bo Bunnell and two anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by the VFWD State Wildlife Grants Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of the University of Vermont (Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol 12-005). The Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, VFWD, University of Vermont, and Wildlife Management Institute. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 4 BP 903 EP 912 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1167779 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DR0KK UT WOS:000379596200020 ER PT J AU Signell, RP Camossi, E AF Signell, Richard P. Camossi, Elena TI Technical note: Harmonising metocean model data via standard web services within small research groups SO OCEAN SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL DATA; VISUALIZATION AB Work over the last decade has resulted in standardised web services and tools that can significantly improve the efficiency and effectiveness of working with meteorological and ocean model data. While many operational modelling centres have enabled query and access to data via common web services, most small research groups have not. The penetration of this approach into the research community, where IT resources are limited, can be dramatically improved by (1) making it simple for providers to enable web service access to existing output files; (2) using free technologies that are easy to deploy and configure; and (3) providing standardised, service-based tools that work in existing research environments. We present a simple, local brokering approach that lets modellers continue to use their existing files and tools, while serving virtual data sets that can be used with standardised tools. The goal of this paper is to convince modellers that a standardised framework is not only useful but can be implemented with modest effort using free software components. We use NetCDF Markup language for data aggregation and standardisation, the THREDDS Data Server for data delivery, pycsw for data search, NCTOOLBOX (MATLAB (R)) and Iris (Python) for data access, and Open Geospatial Consortium Web Map Service for data preview. We illustrate the effectiveness of this approach with two use cases involving small research modelling groups at NATO and USGS. C1 [Signell, Richard P.] USGS Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. [Camossi, Elena] NATO Sci & Technol Org, Ctr Maritime Res & Experimentat, La Spezia, Italy. RP Signell, RP (reprint author), USGS Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA USA. EM rsignell@usgs.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1812-0784 J9 OCEAN SCI JI Ocean Sci. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 3 BP 633 EP 645 DI 10.5194/os-12-633-2016 PG 13 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Oceanography GA DQ6WV UT WOS:000379347400002 ER PT J AU Stewart, DR Long, JM AF Stewart, David R. Long, James M. TI Using Hierarchical Bayesian Multispecies Mixture Models to Estimate Tandem Hoop-net-Based Habitat Associations and Detection Probabilities of Fishes in Reservoirs SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MULTIPLE SPATIAL SCALES; CHANNEL CATFISH CATCH; SMALL IMPOUNDMENTS; STREAM FISH; RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT; LARGEMOUTH BASS; WOODY DEBRIS; LAKES; ABUNDANCE; RESPONSES AB Species distribution models are useful tools to evaluate habitat relationships of fishes. We used hierarchical Bayesian multispecies mixture models to evaluate the relationships of both detection and abundance with habitat of reservoir fishes caught using tandem hoop nets. A total of 7,212 fish from 12 species were captured, and the majority of the catch was composed of Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus ( 46%), Bluegill Lepomis macrochirus ( 25%), and White Crappie Pomoxis annularis ( 14%). Detection estimates ranged from 8% to 69%, and modeling results suggested that fishes were primarily influenced by reservoir size and context, water clarity and temperature, and land-use types. Species were differentially abundant within and among habitat types, and some fishes were found to be more abundant in turbid, less impacted ( e.g., by urbanization and agriculture) reservoirs with longer shoreline lengths; whereas, other species were found more often in clear, nutrient-rich impoundments that had generally shorter shoreline length and were surrounded by a higher percentage of agricultural land. Our results demonstrated that habitat and reservoir characteristics may differentially benefit species and assemblage structure. This study provides a useful framework for evaluating capture efficiency for not only hoop nets but other gear types used to sample fishes in reservoirs. C1 [Stewart, David R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Sci, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 007 Ag Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Stewart, DR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Biol Sci, POB 1306, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA. EM david_stewart@fws.gov FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation through Sport Fish Restoration Program [F-81-R]; Sitlington Enriched Graduate Fellowship from Oklahoma State University; U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma State University; Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Oklahoma State University FX Financial support for this study was provided by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation through the Sport Fish Restoration Program Grant F-81-R and a Sitlington Enriched Graduate Fellowship from Oklahoma State University. We thank J. Duck, N. Gonsoulin, R. Morehouse, M. Porta, and B. Wilson for help with field and lab work. We thank R. Krogman and F. Rahel for comments that greatly improved this manuscript. The Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma State University, the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the auspices of a protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at Oklahoma State University. NR 69 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 4 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 3 BP 450 EP 461 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1143395 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ2UL UT WOS:000379058600002 ER PT J AU Syslo, JM Guy, CS Koel, TM AF Syslo, John M. Guy, Christopher S. Koel, Todd M. TI Feeding Ecology of Native and Nonnative Salmonids during the Expansion of a Nonnative Apex Predator in Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; CUTTHROAT TROUT; ENERGY DENSITY; DIET-OVERLAP; TROPHIC POSITION; INTRODUCED LAKE; STABLE-ISOTOPES; PREY FISHES; FOOD WEBS; MICHIGAN AB The illegal introduction of Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush into Yellowstone Lake, Yellowstone National Park, preceded the collapse of the native population of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii bouvieri, producing a four-level trophic cascade. The Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout population's collapse and the coinciding increase in Lake Trout abundance provided a rare opportunity to evaluate the feeding ecology of a native prey species and a nonnative piscivore species after the restructuring of a large lentic ecosystem. We assessed diets, stable isotope signatures, and depth-related CPUE patterns for Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout and Lake Trout during 2011-2013 to evaluate trophic overlap. To evaluate diet shifts related to density, we also compared 2011-2013 diets to those from studies conducted during previous periods with contrasting Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout and Lake Trout CPUEs. We illustrate the complex interactions between predator and prey in a simple assemblage and demonstrate how a nonnative apex predator can alter competitive interactions. The diets of Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout were dominated by zooplankton during a period when the Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout CPUE was high and were dominated by amphipods when the CPUE was reduced. Lake Trout shifted from a diet that was dominated by Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout during the early stages of the invasion to a diet that was dominated by amphipods after Lake Trout abundance had increased and after Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout prey had declined. The shifts in Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout and Lake Trout diets resulted in increased trophic similarity of these species through time due to their shared reliance on benthic amphipods. Yellowstone Cutthroat Trout not only face the threat posed by Lake Trout predation but also face the potential threat of competition with Lake Trout if amphipods are limiting. Our results demonstrate the importance of studying the long-term feeding ecology of fishes in invaded ecosystems. C1 [Syslo, John M.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Guy, Christopher S.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. [Koel, Todd M.] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Ctr Resources, Fisheries & Aquat Sci Program, POB 168, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA. [Syslo, John M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 293 Farm Lane,Room 153, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Syslo, JM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, 301 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.; Syslo, JM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 293 Farm Lane,Room 153, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM syslo@anr.msu.edu FU National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey; Montana State University; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks FX We thank B. Ertel, P. Doepke, P. Bigelow, K. Stewart, and Hickey Brothers Research for assisting with sampling; J. Arnold for supplying temperature profile data; and T. McMahon, J. Rotella, W. Fredenberg, D. Beauchamp, and three anonymous reviewers for providing constructive comments that improved the manuscript. Funding was provided by the National Park Service and the U.S. Geological Survey. The Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit is jointly sponsored by Montana State University; Montana Fish, Wildlife, and Parks; and the U.S. Geological Survey. This article is contribution 2016-08 of the MSU Quantitative Fisheries Center. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 74 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 20 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 3 BP 476 EP 492 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1143398 PG 17 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ2UL UT WOS:000379058600004 ER PT J AU Sorel, MH Hansen, AG Connelly, KA Wilson, AC Lowery, ED Beauchamp, DA AF Sorel, Mark H. Hansen, Adam G. Connelly, Kristin A. Wilson, Andrew C. Lowery, Erin D. Beauchamp, David A. TI Predation by Northern Pikeminnow and Tiger Muskellunge on Juvenile Salmonids in a High-Head Reservoir: Implications for Anadromous Fish Reintroductions SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CHINOOK SALMON; COHO SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH; BIOENERGETICS MODEL; LAKE WASHINGTON; PACIFIC SALMON; LIFE-HISTORY; HABITAT USE; 3 ESOCIDS AB The feasibility of reintroducing anadromous salmonids into reservoirs above high-head dams is affected by the suitability of the reservoir habitat for rearing and the interactions of the resident fish with introduced fish. We evaluated the predation risk to anadromous salmonids considered for reintroduction in Merwin Reservoir on the North Fork Lewis River in Washington State for two reservoir use-scenarios: year-round rearing and smolt migration. We characterized the role of the primary predators, Northern Pikeminnow Ptychocheilus oregonensis and tiger muskellunge (Northern Pike Esox lucius x Muskellunge E. masquinongy), by using stable isotopes and stomach content analysis, quantified seasonal, per capita predation using bioenergetics modeling, and evaluated the size and age structures of the populations. We then combined these inputs to estimate predation rates of size-structured population units. Northern Pikeminnow of FL >= 300 mm were highly cannibalistic and exhibited modest, seasonal, per capita predation on salmonids, but they were disproportionately much less abundant than smaller, less piscivorous, conspecifics. The annual predation on kokanee Oncorhynchus nerka (in biomass) by a size-structured unit of 1,000 Northern Pikeminnow having a FL >= 300 mm was analogous to 16,000-40,000 age-0 spring Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha rearing year-round, or 400-1,000 age-1 smolts migrating April-June. The per capita consumption of salmonids by Northern Pikeminnow having a FL >= 200 mm was relatively low, due in large part to spatial segregation during the summer and the skewed size distribution of the predator population. Tiger muskellunge fed heavily on Northern Pikeminnow, other nonsalmonids, and minimally on salmonids. In addition to cannibalism within the Northern Pikeminnow population, predation by tiger muskellunge likely contributed to the low recruitment of larger (more piscivorous) Northern Pikeminnow, thereby decreasing the risk of predation to salmonids. This study highlights the importance of evaluating trophic interactions within reservoirs slated for reintroduction with anadromous salmonids, as they can be functional migration corridors and may offer profitable juvenile-rearing habitats despite hosting abundant predator populations. C1 [Sorel, Mark H.; Hansen, Adam G.; Connelly, Kristin A.; Wilson, Andrew C.; Lowery, Erin D.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Sorel, Mark H.] Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. [Hansen, Adam G.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Lowery, Erin D.] Seattle City Light Environm Affairs & Real Estate, 700 Fifth Ave,Suite 3200,POB 34023, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Sorel, MH (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Sorel, MH (reprint author), Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, 2725 Montlake Blvd East, Seattle, WA 98112 USA. EM marks6@uw.edu FU PacifiCorp Energy; U.S. Geological Survey; School of Aquatic and Fisheries Science at the University of Washington; Washington Lakes Protection Association; University of Washington; Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources; Wildlife Management Institute FX This research was funded by PacifiCorp Energy, the U.S. Geological Survey, the School of Aquatic and Fisheries Science at the University of Washington, and the Washington Lakes Protection Association. C. Clark was instrumental in planning and execution of field and laboratory work. S. Burgess, K. Ellis, A. Fuller, D. Lombardo, I. Vincent, and numerous others also conducted field and laboratory work. Collaboration with R. Al-Chokhachy, H. Bowen, and C. Clark provided valuable information on the lotic habitat in the basin, and expert local knowledge was provided by F. Shrier and J. Doyle. This manuscript benefited greatly from comments by T. Quinn, R. Zabel, J. Breck, and several anonymous reviewers. The Washington Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, the University of Washington, the Washington Departments of Ecology, Fish and Wildlife, and Natural Resources, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 3 BP 521 EP 536 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1131746 PG 16 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ2UL UT WOS:000379058600007 ER PT J AU Long, JM Snow, RA AF Long, James M. Snow, Richard A. TI Ontogenetic Development of Otoliths in Alligator Gar SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID DAILY INCREMENT DEPOSITION; DAILY RING DEPOSITION; OTOCONIA; VALIDATION; MORPHOLOGY; FISHES; GROWTH; AGE; PHYLOGENY; BIOLOGY AB The Alligator Gar Atractosteus spatula is a species of conservation concern throughout its range, and better definition of otoliths during early development would aid understanding its life history and ecology. We conducted X-ray computed tomography scans, scanning electron microscopy, and light microscopy to examine the three pairs of otoliths and how they developed over time in relation to fish size and age. The sagittae are the largest, possessing distinct dorsal and ventral lobes covered with small otoconia concentrated in the sulcul region. The sagittae exhibited allometric growth, increasing more rapidly in the ventral lobe than in the dorsal. The asterisci were smaller and also exhibited small otoconia on their surface, but much less than the sagittae. The lapilli were oriented laterally, in contrast to the sagittae and asterisci, which were oriented vertically, with a hump on the dorsum and very large otoconia on the lateral surface that appeared to fuse into the main otolith as the fish grew. Based on size measurements and ring counts in all three pairs of otoliths from 101 known-age Alligator Gar sampled weekly through 91 d after hatch, we developed regression models to examine otolith growth and predict age. All relationships were significant and highly explanatory, but the strongest relationships were between otolith and fish size ( for measurements from sagittae) and for age predictions from the lapillus. Age prediction models all resulted in a slope near unity, indicating that ring deposition occurred approximately daily. The first ring in sagittae and lapilli corresponded to swim-up, whereas the first ring formed in asterisci approximately 8 d after swim-up. These results fill a gap in knowledge and can aid understanding of evolutionary processes as well as provide useful information for management and conservation. C1 [Long, James M.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. [Snow, Richard A.] Oklahoma Dept Wildlife Conservat, Fisheries Res Lab, 500 East Constellat, Norman, OK 73072 USA. RP Long, JM (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 007 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. EM longjm@okstate.edu FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Geological Survey); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma State University); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Wildlife Management Institute); Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) FX Financial support for this publication was provided by the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation and the Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma State University, the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, the Wildlife Management Institute, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service cooperating). We thank A. Echelle, T. Grabowski, and K. Kuklinski for constructive comments regarding this manuscript. We thank G. Summers, K. Kuklinski, and C. Patterson for help preparing otoliths for age estimation. We thank K. Graves and his staff at Tishomingo National Fish Hatchery for making hatchery space available for this study. M. Colbert conducted the CT scan and J. Maisano provided image analysis support. T. Colberg and L. Whitworth provided SEM scan support. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 3 BP 537 EP 544 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1135189 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ2UL UT WOS:000379058600008 ER PT J AU Simonin, PW Parrish, DL Rudstam, LG Pientka, B Sullivan, PJ AF Simonin, Paul W. Parrish, Donna L. Rudstam, Lars G. Pientka, Bernard Sullivan, Patrick J. TI Interactions between Hatch Dates, Growth Rates, and Mortality of Age-0 Native Rainbow Smelt and Nonnative Alewife in Lake Champlain SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; EARLY-LIFE HISTORY; OSMERUS-MORDAX; ALOSA-PSEUDOHARENGUS; RECRUITMENT SUCCESS; MICHIGAN; FISHES; SURVIVAL; SIZE; CANNIBALISM AB Timing of hatch in fish populations can be critical for first-year survival and, therefore, year-class strength and subsequent species interactions. We compared hatch timing, growth rates, and subsequent mortality of age-0 Rainbow Smelt Osmerus mordax and Alewife Alosa pseudoharengus, two common open-water fish species of northern North America. In our study site, Lake Champlain, Rainbow Smelt hatched (beginning May 26) almost a month earlier than Alewives (June 20). Abundance in the sampling area was highest in July for age-0 Rainbow Smelt and August for age-0 Alewives. Late-hatching individuals of both species grew faster than those hatching earlier (0.6 mm/d versus 0.4 for Rainbow Smelt; 0.7 mm/d versus 0.6 for Alewives). Mean mortality rate during the first 45 d of life was 3.4%/ d for age-0 Rainbow Smelt and was 5.5%/d for age-0 Alewives. Alewife mortality rates did not differ with hatch timing but daily mortality rates of Rainbow Smelt were highest for early-hatching fish. Cannibalism is probably the primary mortality source for age-0 Rainbow Smelt in this lake. Therefore, hatching earlier may not be advantageous because the overlap of adult and age-0 Rainbow Smelt is highest earlier in the season. However, Alewives, first documented in Lake Champlain in 2003, may increase the mortality of age-0 Rainbow Smelt in the summer, which should favor selection for earlier hatching. C1 [Simonin, Paul W.; Rudstam, Lars G.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Biol Field Stn, 900 Shackelton Point Rd, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA. [Parrish, Donna L.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Vermont Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey,Aiken Ctr 302, 81 Carrigan Dr, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Pientka, Bernard] Vermont Dept Fish & Wildlife, 111 West St, Essex Jct, VT 05402 USA. [Sullivan, Patrick J.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Fernow Hall,226 Mann Dr, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Simonin, Paul W.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Environm Change Initiat, 1400 East Angela Blvd,Unit 117, South Bend, IN 46556 USA. RP Simonin, PW (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, Biol Field Stn, 900 Shackelton Point Rd, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.; Simonin, PW (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Environm Change Initiat, 1400 East Angela Blvd,Unit 117, South Bend, IN 46556 USA. EM paul.simonin@cornell.edu FU National Sea Grant College Program; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; U.S. Department of Commerce [NA16RG2206]; University of Vermont [23153]; U.S. Geological Survey; Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife; University of Vermont; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank Richard Balouskus, Kiley Briggs, Dave Gibson, Brent Boscarino, Isaac Chellman, Ryan Butryn, Nick Staats, Ellen Marsden, Nick Gotelli, Howard Simonin, Mike Harrington, Roland Wang, Jim Watkins, and several Vermont Fish and Wildlife technicians. This work was sponsored in part by a grant from the National Sea Grant College Program, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce, to Lake Champlain Sea Grant under grant NA16RG2206. Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife provided in-kind support. The views expressed here are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the sponsors. Mention of brand names does not constitute product endorsement by the U.S. federal government. This study was performed under the auspices of the University of Vermont protocol 23153. The Vermont Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Vermont Department of Fish and Wildlife, the University of Vermont and the Wildlife Management Institute. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 3 BP 649 EP 656 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1143401 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ2UL UT WOS:000379058600016 ER PT J AU Donaldson, MR Amberg, J Adhikari, S Cupp, A Jensen, N Romine, J Wright, A Gaikowski, M Suski, CD AF Donaldson, Michael R. Amberg, Jon Adhikari, Shivani Cupp, Aaron Jensen, Nathan Romine, Jason Wright, Adam Gaikowski, Mark Suski, Cory D. TI Carbon Dioxide as a Tool to Deter the Movement of Invasive Bigheaded Carps SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; ACID-BASE-BALANCE; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; ASIAN CARP; CYPRINUS-CARPIO; ILLINOIS RIVER; EFFECTS MODELS; FISH; RESPONSES AB Nonnative bigheaded carps are established in the Mississippi River and there is substantial concern about their potential entry into the interconnected Laurentian Great Lakes. While electrical barriers currently exist as a preventative measure, there is need for additional control mechanisms to promote barrier security through redundancy. We tested the effectiveness of infused carbon dioxide gas (CO2) as a tool to influence the movement and behavior invasive bigheaded carps, namely Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix, as well as native Bigmouth Buffalo Ictiobus cyprinellus, Channel Catfish Ictalurus punctatus, Paddlefish Polyodon spathula, and Yellow Perch Perca flavescens in an experimental pond. Individuals were monitored with acoustic telemetry before, during, and after CO2 addition to the pond. We noted distinct changes in fish behavior following CO2 addition. Each species except Paddlefish maintained farther distances from the CO2 infusion manifold relative to controls. Both bigheaded carp species had slower persistence velocities (persistence of a movement in a given direction) following CO2 infusion and Bighead Carp used a smaller area of the pond immediately after CO2 addition. Pond pH progressively decreased up to 1.5 units following CO2 infusion. This work provides evidence that could inform future research to enhance existing control measures used to deter high-risk invasive fishes, such as bigheaded carps. C1 [Donaldson, Michael R.; Adhikari, Shivani; Wright, Adam; Suski, Cory D.] Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Amberg, Jon; Cupp, Aaron; Jensen, Nathan; Gaikowski, Mark] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. [Romine, Jason] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA. RP Donaldson, MR (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, 1102 South Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM michael.r.donaldson@gmail.com OI Cupp, Aaron/0000-0001-5995-2100 FU Illinois Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada FX Any use of trade, product, or company name is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. This work was supported by the Illinois Department of Natural Resources, through funds provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. M.R.D. was supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada postdoctoral fellowship. We thank Tyson Hatton and Nicholas Swyers, USGS, Western Fisheries Research Center, for telemetry array design and data processing. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 29 U2 37 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 3 BP 657 EP 670 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1143397 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ2UL UT WOS:000379058600017 ER PT J AU Khosravi, R Hemami, MR Malekian, M Flint, AL Flint, LE AF Khosravi, Rasoul Hemami, Mahmoud-Reza Malekian, Mansoureh Flint, Alan L. Flint, Lorraine E. TI Maxent modeling for predicting potential distribution of goitered gazelle in central Iran: the effect of extent and grain size on performance of the model SO TURKISH JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Downscaling; extent size; grain size; maxent; goitered gazelle; scale effect; species distribution modeling ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; HABITAT MODELS; SEASONAL-VARIATIONS; MONGOLIAN GAZELLES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; UNITED-STATES; ABSENCE DATA; SCALE; IMPROVE; RARE AB The spatial scale of environmental layers is an important factor to consider in developing an understanding of ecological processes. This study employed Maxent modeling to investigate the geographic distribution of goitered gazelle, Gazella subgutturosa (Guldenstadt, 1780), in central Iran using uncorrelated variables at a spatial resolution of 250 m. We used spatial downscaling to downscale WorldClim data to 250-m resolution. We evaluated the sensitivity of the model to different grain and extent sizes from 250 m to 3 km. We compared the performance of the model at different scales using suitability indexes (AUC) and predicted habitat areas. Two models performed with AUC values higher than random (AUC(un) = 0.957, AUC(pu) = 0.953). The distribution of potential habitats at 250-m grid size was strongly influenced by bioclimatic data, vegetation type and density, and elevation. There were few spatial divergences between uncorrelated and pruned models. The mean AUC across eight different spatial scales ranged from 0.936 to 0.959. There was a significant negative correlation between grain size and AUC (R-2 = 0.57). An increase in grain size increased the predicted habitat area. The extent size and AUC showed a positive correlation (R-2 = 0.18). Predicted suitability habitat also decreased as extent size increased (R-2 = 0.49). Spatial congruence AUC fluctuated within a small range and the maximum difference occurred between models of 1 x 1 and 2.5 x 2.5 km. These results showed that an increase in extent size is more accurate than an increase in grain size, and the maximum accuracy for predicting distribution of goitered gazelle in Iran was obtained if the grain size and extent size were 750 m. C1 [Khosravi, Rasoul; Hemami, Mahmoud-Reza; Malekian, Mansoureh] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Nat Resources, Esfahan, Iran. [Flint, Alan L.; Flint, Lorraine E.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Hemami, MR (reprint author), Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Nat Resources, Esfahan, Iran. EM mrhemami@cc.iut.ac.ir FU Iranian National Science Foundation FX We are grateful for the financial support provided by the Iranian National Science Foundation for conducting this research. NR 67 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 9 PU TUBITAK SCIENTIFIC & TECHNICAL RESEARCH COUNCIL TURKEY PI ANKARA PA ATATURK BULVARI NO 221, KAVAKLIDERE, ANKARA, 00000, TURKEY SN 1300-0179 EI 1303-6114 J9 TURK J ZOOL JI Turk. J. Zool. PY 2016 VL 40 IS 4 BP 574 EP 585 DI 10.3906/zoo-1505-38 PG 12 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA DP7PO UT WOS:000378691500012 ER PT J AU Tiffan, KF Hurst, WR AF Tiffan, Kenneth F. Hurst, William R. TI FEEDING ECOLOGY OF NON-NATIVE SIBERIAN PRAWNS, PALAEMON MODESTUS (HELLER, 1862) (DECAPODA, PALAEMONIDAE), IN THE LOWER SNAKE RIVER, WASHINGTON, USA SO CRUSTACEANA LA English DT Article ID CRANGON-FRANCISCORUM STIMPSON; SUBYEARLING CHINOOK SALMON; MACRODACTYLUS RATHBUN; RESERVOIR HABITATS; FOOD WEBS; PREDATION; SHRIMP; TEMPERATURE; ISOTOPES; GROWTH AB We used both stomach content and stable isotope analyses to describe the feeding ecology of Siberian prawns Palaemon modestus (Heller, 1862), a non-native caridean shrimp that is a relatively recent invader of the lower Snake River. Based on identifiable prey in stomachs, the opossum shrimp Neomysis mercedis Holmes, 1896 comprised up to 34-55% (by weight) of diets of juvenile to adult P modestus, which showed little seasonal variation. Other predominant items/taxa consumed included detritus, amphipods, dipteran larvae, and oligochaetes. Stable isotope analysis supported diet results and also suggested that much of the food consumed by P. modestus that was not identifiable came from benthic sources - predominantly invertebrates of lower trophic levels and detritus. Palaemon modestus consumption of N. mercedis may pose a competitive threat to juvenile salmon and resident fishes which also rely heavily on that prey. C1 [Tiffan, Kenneth F.; Hurst, William R.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA. RP Tiffan, KF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA. EM ktiffan@usgs.gov OI Tiffan, Kenneth/0000-0002-5831-2846 FU Bonneville Power Administration [200203200] FX We thank our U.S. Geological Survey colleagues, in particular John Erhardt, Scott St. John, Brad Bickford, Tobyn Rhodes and Amanda Schmidt, whose efforts contributed to this study. The constructive comments by Theresa Liedtke and anonymous reviewers improved this manuscript. This study was funded by the Bonneville Power Administration, project 200203200, and administered by Debbie Docherty. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS PI LEIDEN PA PLANTIJNSTRAAT 2, P O BOX 9000, 2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0011-216X EI 1568-5403 J9 CRUSTACEANA JI Crustaceana PY 2016 VL 89 IS 6-7 BP 721 EP 736 DI 10.1163/15685403-00003553 PG 16 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA DP4CZ UT WOS:000378444300005 ER PT J AU Foott, JS Stone, R Fogerty, R True, K Bolick, A Bartholomew, JL Hallett, SL Buckles, GR Alexander, JD AF Foott, J. S. Stone, R. Fogerty, R. True, K. Bolick, A. Bartholomew, J. L. Hallett, S. L. Buckles, G. R. Alexander, J. D. TI Production of Ceratonova shasta Myxospores from Salmon Carcasses: Carcass Removal Is Not a Viable Management Option SO JOURNAL OF AQUATIC ANIMAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PARASITE CERATOMYXA-SHASTA; JUVENILE CHINOOK SALMON; RAINBOW-TROUT; KLAMATH RIVER; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA; MANAYUNKIA-SPECIOSA; WATER TEMPERATURE; COHO SALMON; HOST; MYXOZOA AB Severe infection by the endemic myxozoan parasite, Ceratonova (synonym, Ceratomyxa) shasta, has been associated with declines in and impaired recovery efforts of populations of fall-run Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Klamath River, California. The parasite has a complex life cycle involving a polychaete worm host as well as a salmon host. Myxospore transmission of this parasite, from salmon to polychaete, is a life cycle step during which there is a potential for applied disease management. A 3-year data set on prevalence, intensity, and spore characteristics of C. shasta myxospores was obtained from adult Chinook Salmon carcasses surveyed in the main stem of the Klamath River and three of its tributaries, Bogus Creek and the Shasta and Trinity rivers. Annual prevalence of myxospore detection in salmon intestines ranged from 22% to 52%, and spore concentration values per intestinal scraping ranged from 3.94 x 10(2) to 1.47 x 10(7) spores. A prevalence of 7.3% of all carcasses examined produced > 5.0 x 10(5) spores, and these carcasses with "high" spore counts accounted for 76-95% of the total spores in a given spawning season. Molecular analysis of visually negative carcasses showed that 45-87% of these samples had parasite DNA, indicating they contained either low spore numbers or presporogonic stages of the parasite. Myxospores were rarely found in carcasses of freshly spawned adults but were common in decomposed carcasses of both sexes. The date of collection or age (based indirectly on FL) did not influence detection. The longer prespawn residence time for spring-run Chinook Salmon compared with that for fall-run Chinook Salmon in the Trinity River was associated with higher spore loads. The dye exclusion method for assessing spore viability in fresh smears indicated an inverse relationship in spore integrity and initial spore concentration. A carcass-removal pilot project in Bogus Creek for 6 weeks in the fall of 2008 (907 carcasses removed) and 2009 (1,799 carcasses removed) failed to measurably influence the DNA quantity of C. shasta in targeted waters. Combined with the high numbers of carcasses that contributed myxospores, we therefore deemed that this labor-intensive approach is not a viable management option to reduce the infectivity of C. shasta in Chinook Salmon in the Klamath River. C1 [Foott, J. S.; Stone, R.; Fogerty, R.; True, K.; Bolick, A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Calif Nevada Fish Hlth Ctr, 24411 Coleman Fish Hatchery Rd, Anderson, CA 96007 USA. [Bartholomew, J. L.; Hallett, S. L.; Buckles, G. R.; Alexander, J. D.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, 226 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. RP Foott, JS (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Calif Nevada Fish Hlth Ctr, 24411 Coleman Fish Hatchery Rd, Anderson, CA 96007 USA. EM scott_foott@fws.gov FU Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission; U.S. Bureau of Reclamation; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration FX We sincerely thank the following individuals for collecting intestine samples: Bogus Creek collection (Yurok Fisheries): Josh Strange, Troy Fletcher Jr., and Albert Marlusser; Klamath River (Arcata Fish and Wildlife Office): Steve Gough, Ernest Chen, Tony Heacock, Aaron Johnson, Mark Magneson, Dan Menten, Amanda Piscitelli, Mandy Proudman, Ryan Slezak, and Katrina Wright. Access to carcasses was provided by Morgan Knechtle in the Shasta River and by Andy Hill in the Trinity River. Access to spawned adults was provided by the staff at the Iron Gate and Trinity River hatcheries. Ken Nichols assisted with laboratory processing and Adam Ray with water and sediment DNA sampling. Partial support for this work was derived from grants with the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The mention of specific products does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0899-7659 EI 1548-8667 J9 J AQUAT ANIM HEALTH JI J. Aquat. Anim. Health PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 BP 75 EP 84 DI 10.1080/08997659.2015.1103803 PG 10 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA DQ0NI UT WOS:000378895700001 PM 27064587 ER PT J AU Chalupnicki, MA Mackey, GE Nash, K Chiavelli, R Johnson, JH Kehler, T Ringler, N AF Chalupnicki, M. A. Mackey, G. E. Nash, K. Chiavelli, R. Johnson, J. H. Kehler, T. Ringler, N. TI Mark Retention of Calcein in Cisco and Bloater SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENT MARKER; LAKE TROUT; SUNLIGHT; SALMON; FISH AB Since 2012, a multi-agency initiative to restore these native forage species has been under way. Evaluating the restoration success of Cisco Coregonus artedi and Bloater C. hoyi in Lake Ontario waters requires methods to identify stocked fish. However, juvenile Cisco and Bloater are fragile; thus, mass marking techniques that reduce the handling of individual fish are required and have not previously been evaluated. In 2014-2015 we evaluated the usefulness of calcein (SE-MARK) as a marker on bony structures, including the otolith. Juvenile Bloater and Cisco (14, 100, 128 d old) were immersed in a calcein bath at 5,000 mg/L of water for 4 min to apply the chemical marker. Observations of the marking retention were evaluated 8 d following the treatment. All fish immersed in calcein had strong brilliant marks (rating scale 3) on all bony structures including scales, fin rays, jaw bones, and vertebrate. The otolith was the only hard structure that did not show a brilliant marking due to the opaque nature of the structure. Our results suggest that calcein produces a strong discernable mark on hard bony structures of Cisco and Bloater; however, long-term retention needs further study. C1 [Chalupnicki, M. A.; Mackey, G. E.; Nash, K.; Chiavelli, R.; Johnson, J. H.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. [Kehler, T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Northeast Fishery Ctr, 308 Washington Ave, Lamar, PA 16848 USA. [Ringler, N.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. RP Chalupnicki, MA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA. EM mchalupnicki@usgs.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1522-2055 EI 1548-8454 J9 N AM J AQUACULT JI N. Am. J. Aqualcult. PY 2016 VL 78 IS 2 BP 148 EP 153 DI 10.1080/15222055.2016.1143419 PG 6 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DP6RX UT WOS:000378627400006 ER PT J AU Dobos, ME Corsi, MP Schill, DJ DuPont, JM Quist, MC AF Dobos, Marika E. Corsi, Matthew P. Schill, Daniel J. DuPont, Joseph M. Quist, Michael C. TI Influences of Summer Water Temperatures on the Movement, Distribution, and Resource Use of Fluvial Westslope Cutthroat Trout in the South Fork Clearwater River Basin SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID INTRODUCED RAINBOW-TROUT; ROCKY-MOUNTAIN STREAMS; LARGE WOODY DEBRIS; BULL TROUT; HABITAT USE; BROOK TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI; THERMAL REFUGIA; WINTER MOVEMENTS; BLACKFOOT RIVER AB Although many Westslope Cutthroat Trout Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi populations in Idaho are robust and stable, population densities in some systems remain below management objectives. In many of those systems, such as in the South Fork Clearwater River (SFCR) system, environmental conditions (e.g., summer temperatures) are hypothesized to limit populations of Westslope Cutthroat Trout. Radiotelemetry and snorkeling methods were used to describe seasonal movement patterns, distribution, and habitat use of Westslope Cutthroat Trout in the SFCR during the summers of 2013 and 2014. Sixty-six radio transmitters were surgically implanted into Westslope Cutthroat Trout (170-405 mm TL) from May 30-June 25, 2013, and June 20-July 6, 2014. Sedentary and mobile summer movement patterns by Westslope Cutthroat Trout were observed in the SFCR. Westslope Cutthroat Trout were generally absent from the lower SFCR. In the upper region of the SFCR, fish generally moved from the main-stem SFCR into tributaries as water temperatures increased during the summer. Fish remained in the middle region of the SFCR where water temperatures were cooler than in the upper or lower regions of the SFCR. A spatially explicit water temperature model indicated that the upper and lower regions of the SFCR exceeded thermal tolerance levels of Westslope Cutthroat Trout throughout the summer. During snorkeling, 23 Westslope Cutthroat Trout were observed in 13 sites along the SFCR and at low density (mean +/- SD, 0.0003 +/- 0.0001 fish/m(2)). The distribution of fish observed during snorkeling was consistent with the distribution of radio-tagged fish in the SFCR during the summer. Anthropogenic activities (i.e., grazing, mining, road construction, and timber harvest) in the SFCR basin likely altered the natural flow dynamics and temperature regime and thereby limited stream habitat in the SFCR system for Westslope Cutthroat Trout. C1 [Dobos, Marika E.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. [Corsi, Matthew P.; DuPont, Joseph M.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 3316 16th St, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA. [Schill, Daniel J.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 1414 East Locust Lane, Nampa, ID 83686 USA. [Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 875 Perimeter Dr, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. RP Dobos, ME (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, 875 Perimeter Dr, Moscow, ID 83844 USA. EM marika.dobos@idfg.idaho.gov FU Idaho Department of Fish and Game through Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration; University of Idaho; U.S. Geological Survey; Idaho Department of Fish and Game; Wildlife Management Institute FX We thank K. Griffin, T. Venable, and Idaho Department of Fish and Game personnel for their assistance with data collection. We also thank E. Buzbas, J. Rachlow, B. Shepard, and four anonymous reviewers for providing comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the Idaho Department of Fish and Game through Federal Aid in Sport Fish Restoration. The Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the University of Idaho, U.S. Geological Survey, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Wildlife Management Institute. This project was conducted under the University of Idaho's Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol 2012-142. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 111 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 3 BP 549 EP 567 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1141124 PG 19 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ0NN UT WOS:000378896400010 ER PT J AU Johnson, JL Trushenski, JT Bowker, JD AF Johnson, Jennifer L. Trushenski, Jesse T. Bowker, James D. TI Induction, Recovery, and Hematological Responses of Pallid Sturgeon to Chemical and Electrical Sedation SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; HYBRID STRIPED BASS; PHYSIOLOGICAL-RESPONSES; CLOVE OIL; TRICAINE METHANESULFONATE; RAINBOW-TROUT; ACIPENSER-BREVIROSTRUM; SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-ALBUS; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON AB Currently, there are no sedatives approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that are considered effective, safe to a broad range of fish species, practical to use, and allow sedated fish to be returned to public waters immediately upon recovery. Availability of such a sedative is critical for many field-based fisheries activities and research, particularly when working with federally listed threatened and endangered species such as Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus. Therefore, we conducted an experiment to quantitatively compare induction and recovery times of Pallid Sturgeon sedated using tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222), eugenol, or electrosedation (pulsed DC) and assess the fish's hematological profile following sedation. Induction times varied significantly among the sedatives evaluated, of which electrosedation yielded the fastest induction times (0.2 +/- 0.04 min, mean +/- SE) followed by MS-222 (1.8 +/- 0.19 min) and eugenol (2.3 +/- 0.26 min). Times to recovery of equilibrium and responsiveness to tactile stimuli also varied, ranging from 1.4 +/- 0.1 min for electrosedation to 4.7 +/- 0.2 min and 6.4 +/- 0.7 min for MS-222 and eugenol, respectively. Except for plasma osmolality, hematological variables (hematocrit, glucose, lactate, and cortisol) did not vary over a 6-h postsedation sampling period. Osmolality was lower in fish sedated with MS-222 and eugenol and higher in electrosedated fish compared with unsedated reference fish. Our results showed that all sedation protocols tested effectively sedated Pallid Sturgeon, all sedated fish recovered, and there was no delayed mortality associated with sedation. C1 [Johnson, Jennifer L.; Trushenski, Jesse T.] Southern Illinois Univ Carbondale, Ctr Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, 1125 Lincoln Dr,Room 251, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Bowker, James D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Aquat Anim Drug Approval Partnership Program, 4050 Bridger Canyon Rd, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Trushenski, Jesse T.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle Fish Hlth Lab, 1800 Trout Rd, Eagle, ID 83616 USA. RP Trushenski, JT (reprint author), Southern Illinois Univ Carbondale, Ctr Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, 1125 Lincoln Dr,Room 251, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.; Trushenski, JT (reprint author), Idaho Dept Fish & Game, Eagle Fish Hlth Lab, 1800 Trout Rd, Eagle, ID 83616 USA. EM jesse.trushenski@idfg.idaho.gov NR 58 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 3 BP 568 EP 575 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1141121 PG 8 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ0NN UT WOS:000378896400011 ER PT J AU Kelling, CJ Isermann, DA Sloss, BL Turnquist, KN AF Kelling, Craig J. Isermann, Daniel A. Sloss, Brian L. Turnquist, Keith N. TI Diet Overlap and Predation Between Largemouth Bass and Walleye in Wisconsin Lakes Using DNA Barcoding to Improve Taxonomic Resolution SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID SMALLMOUTH BASS; STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM; FISH COMMUNITIES; IDENTIFICATION; COMPETITION; MINNESOTA; ECOLOGY; GROWTH; PREY; POPULATIONS AB Over the last decade, the abundance of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides has increased in many northern Wisconsin lakes, causing concern among anglers and biologists regarding the potential for Largemouth Bass to negatively affect populations of Walleye Sander vitreus through predation or competition for prey. Our objectives were to determine whether (1) diet overlap and predation occurred between adult Walleyes and Largemouth Bass in four northern Wisconsin lakes and (2) the use of DNA barcoding to reduce unidentifiable fish in diet samples affected conclusions regarding diet overlap. A single occurrence of Walleye predation was observed in the diets of 945 Largemouth Bass. Moderate to high diet overlap was observed between Largemouth Bass and Walleyes throughout much of the study period. The use of DNA barcoding reduced the amount of unidentified fish in diets to <1% and showed that failure to identify fish or fish parts can affect conclusions regarding diet overlap. Largemouth Bass predation is probably not a primary factor affecting Walleye abundance in the lakes we selected, but observed diet overlap suggests the potential for competition between the two species. C1 [Kelling, Craig J.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fisheries Anal Ctr, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Isermann, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Isermann, Daniel A.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fisheries Anal Ctr, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Sloss, Brian L.; Turnquist, Keith N.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Mol Conservat Genet Lab, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. [Kelling, Craig J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife & Sportfish Restorat Program, Bloomington, MN 55437 USA. RP Isermann, DA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.; Isermann, DA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, Fisheries Anal Ctr, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA. EM dan.isermann@uwsp.edu FU USGS National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center FX We thank numerous students for field and laboratory assistance. We also thank D. Beard with the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) as well as G. Hansen and J. Gaeta with the Center for Limnology at the University of Wisconsin- Madison for assistance with various portions of this project. M. Wolter, S. Gilbert, and J. Hansen from WDNR provided valuable field support and advice. We thank D. Ogle from Northland College for analytical support as well as A. Musch for logistical support. S. Chipps provided constructive comments that improved the manuscript. This research was funded by the USGS National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center. All fish were cared for in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, and our methods were reviewed and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Wisconsin- Stevens Point as protocol number 2012.04.11. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 3 BP 621 EP 629 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1146179 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ0NN UT WOS:000378896400016 ER PT J AU Kornis, MS Pankow, KW Lane, AA Webster, JL Bronte, CR AF Kornis, Matthew S. Pankow, Kevin W. Lane, Allen A. Webster, James L. Bronte, Charles R. TI Factors Affecting Prestocking Coded Wire Tag Loss in Lake Trout Tagged by an Automated System SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID MANUAL MARKING; MICHIGAN; SURVIVAL; RETENTION AB Tag loss is an important consideration in tagging studies. We used two approaches to describe prestocking coded wire tag (CWT) loss in Lake Trout Salvelinus namaycush tagged by an automated tagging system and released in the Laurentian Great Lakes. First, four strains of Lake Trout tagged by an automated system through the Great Lakes Mass Marking Program were observed for up to 254 d to describe how tag loss and adipose fin clip success relates to time posttagging. Second, we also evaluated final tag loss and fin clip success from 197 tag lots from 2011 to 2013 that were tagged with an automated system to explore the factors affecting tag loss and fin clip success, and to compare tag loss and fin clip success rates with those from 1,080 tag lots from 1985 to 2003 that were manually tagged. Coded wire tag losses from experimental lots of four strains of Lake Trout were low and ranged from 2.8% to 5.7%. Coded wire tag losses stabilized 150 d posttagging, when fish had a mean length of 131 mm, which is far longer than that reported for other salmonines (30 d). We developed a descriptive model to correct for time effects on tag loss; tag loss could be estimated with high confidence after 100 d posttagging. Coded wire tag losses varied by genetic strain, possibly due to differences in body size and shape. Fish that lost a CWT were significantly smaller than fish retaining a CWT. In our comparison of the automated system with manual tagging, CWT loss across 197 automated tag lots was highly variable (0.0-14.0%), but it was <5.5% in 86% of samples and less than the loss rates from manually tagged fish (<5.5% in 72% of samples). Our results provide important details for CWT studies on Lake Trout and other species. C1 [Kornis, Matthew S.; Pankow, Kevin W.; Lane, Allen A.; Webster, James L.; Bronte, Charles R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Green Bay Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Great Lakes Fish Tag & Recovery Lab, 2661 Scott Tower Dr, New Franken, WI 54229 USA. RP Kornis, MS (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Green Bay Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Great Lakes Fish Tag & Recovery Lab, 2661 Scott Tower Dr, New Franken, WI 54229 USA. EM matthew_kornis@fws.gov FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative FX Funding for this work was provided by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. John Beckman, Sandy Lind, Sandy Petersen, Nick Berndt, Martha Adams, Mary Rejo, Debra Frostman, and Kyle Krajniak collected data for the time series experiment. We thank Dale Bast (Iron River National Hatchery manager, retired) and his staff for assisting with the time series study, and personnel at the Pendills Creek, Jordan River, and Allegheny River National Fish hatcheries who collected tag and clip loss data prior to stocking. We also appreciate the constructive suggestions of Rachel Van Dam and two anonymous reviewers on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Reference to trade names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 3 BP 670 EP 680 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1165768 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DQ0NN UT WOS:000378896400020 ER PT J AU Chuang, PC Young, MB Dale, AW Miller, LG Herrera-Silveira, JA Paytan, A AF Chuang, Pei-Chuan Young, Megan B. Dale, Andrew W. Miller, Laurence G. Herrera-Silveira, Jorge A. Paytan, Adina TI Methane and sulfate dynamics in sediments from mangrove-dominated tropical coastal lagoons, Yucatan, Mexico SO BIOGEOSCIENCES LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER; ORGANIC-CARBON; ANAEROBIC OXIDATION; MARINE BASIN; INDIA; WETLANDS; METHANOGENESIS; EMISSIONS; REDUCTION; EXCHANGE AB Porewater profiles in sediment cores from mangrove-dominated coastal lagoons (CelestA(0)n and Chelem) on the Yucatan Peninsula, Mexico, reveal the widespread coexistence of dissolved methane and sulfate. This observation is interesting since dissolved methane in porewaters is typically oxidized anaerobically by sulfate. To explain the observations we used a numerical transport-reaction model that was constrained by the field observations. The model suggests that methane in the upper sediments is produced in the sulfate reduction zone at rates ranging between 0.012 and 31aEuro-mmolaEuro-m(-2)aEuro-d(-1), concurrent with sulfate reduction rates between 1.1 and 24aEuro-mmolaEuro-SO(4)(2-)aEuro-m(-2)aEuro-d(-1). These processes are supported by high organic matter content in the sediment and the use of non-competitive substrates by methanogenic microorganisms. Indeed sediment slurry incubation experiments show that non-competitive substrates such as trimethylamine (TMA) and methanol can be utilized for microbial methanogenesis at the study sites. The model also indicates that a significant fraction of methane is transported to the sulfate reduction zone from deeper zones within the sedimentary column by rising bubbles and gas dissolution. The shallow depths of methane production and the fast rising methane gas bubbles reduce the likelihood for oxidation, thereby allowing a large fraction of the methane formed in the sediments to escape to the overlying water column. C1 [Chuang, Pei-Chuan; Paytan, Adina] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. [Young, Megan B.; Miller, Laurence G.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 434, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Dale, Andrew W.] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, Wischhofstr 1-3, Kiel, Germany. [Herrera-Silveira, Jorge A.] IPN, CINVESTAV, Unidad Merida, AP 73 CORDEMEX, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. [Paytan, Adina] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Inst Marine Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. RP Chuang, PC (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM pchuan2@ucsc.edu RI Dale, Andrew/B-4384-2013 FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia [4147-P T9608, 32356T]; CONABIO [B019]; NSF [INT 009214214]; Stanford Graduate Fellowship; Lieberman Fellowship; Postdoctoral Research Abroad Program; MOST; the Ministry of Science and Technology FX We thank the staff of the DUMAC Celestun station and the students of CINVESTAV for assistance with laboratory space, lodging, and field work. We thank Tom Lorenson and Ron Oremland of the Menlo Park, CA USGS for facility use and analyses for slurry incubations. This work was funded by Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia Ref: 4147-P T9608, 32356T, and CONABIO Ref: B019 to Jorge A. Herrera-Silveira, NSF INT 009214214 to Adina Paytan, a Stanford Graduate Fellowship and Lieberman Fellowship to Megan B. Young and a fellowship of the Postdoctoral Research Abroad Program, sponsored by the National Science Council, Taiwan to Pei-Chuan Chuang (now: MOST; the Ministry of Science and Technology). We thank John Pohlman and an anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful comments and the associate editor (Helge Niemann) for handling the manuscript. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 14 U2 21 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1726-4170 EI 1726-4189 J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES JI Biogeosciences PY 2016 VL 13 IS 10 BP 2981 EP 3001 DI 10.5194/bg-13-2981-2016 PG 21 WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology GA DP2WT UT WOS:000378354900009 ER PT J AU Cicimurri, DJ Knight, JL Self-Trail, JM Ebersole, SM AF Cicimurri, David J. Knight, James L. Self-Trail, Jean M. Ebersole, Sandy M. TI Late Paleocene glyptosaur (Reptilia: Anguidae) osteoderms from South Carolina, USA SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EARLY EOCENE; LOWER-VERTEBRATES; LIZARDS SQUAMATA; EARLIEST EOCENE; BIGHORN BASIN; MIDDLE; FAUNA; ASSEMBLAGE; FRANCE; GENUS AB Heavily tuberculated glyptosaur osteoderms were collected in an active limestone quarry in northern Berkeley County, South Carolina. The osteoderms are part of a highly diverse late Paleocene vertebrate assemblage that consists of marine, terrestrial, fluvial, and/or brackish water taxa, including chondrichthyan and osteichthyan fish, turtles (chelonioid, trionychid, pelomedusid, emydid), crocodilians, palaeopheid snakes, and a mammal. Calcareous nannofossils indicate that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated within subzone NP9a of the Thanetian Stage (late Paleocene, upper part of Clarkforkian North American Land Mammal Age [NALMA]) and is therefore temporally equivalent to the Chicora Member of the Williamsburg Formation. The composition of the paleofauna indicates that the fossiliferous deposit accumulated in a marginal marine setting that was influenced by fluvial processes (estuarine or deltaic). The discovery of South Carolina osteoderms is significant because they expand the late Paleocene geographic range of glyptosaurines eastward from the US midcontinent to the Atlantic Coastal Plain and provide one of the few North American records of these lizards inhabiting coastal habitats. This discovery also brings to light a possibility that post-Paleocene expansion of this group into Europe occurred via northeastward migration along the Atlantic coast of North America. C1 [Cicimurri, David J.; Knight, James L.] South Carolina State Museum, 301 Gervais St, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Self-Trail, Jean M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA. [Ebersole, Sandy M.] Alabama Geol Survey, POB 869999, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486 USA. RP Cicimurri, DJ (reprint author), South Carolina State Museum, 301 Gervais St, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. EM dave.cicimurri@scmuseum.org; karin@gforcecable.com; jstrail@usgs.gov; sebersole@gsa.state.al.us NR 105 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 90 IS 1 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1017/jpa.2016.16 PG 7 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DP2JY UT WOS:000378315900010 ER PT J AU Godfrey, SJ Uhen, MD Osborne, JE Edwards, LE AF Godfrey, Stephen J. Uhen, Mark D. Osborne, Jason E. Edwards, Lucy E. TI A new specimen of Agorophius pygmaeus (Agorophiidae, Odontoceti, Cetacea) from the early Oligocene Ashley Formation of South Carolina, USA SO JOURNAL OF PALEONTOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHANDLER BRIDGE FORMATIONS; NORTH-CAROLINA; MAMMALIA; PALEONTOLOGY; WHALES; FAMILY; TRANSITION; PACIFIC AB The holotype partial skull of Agorophius pygmaeus (the monotypic form for both the genus Agorophius and the Family Agorophiidae) has been missing for approximately 140 years. Since the discovery of Agorophius pygmaeus, many additional taxa and specimens have been placed in the Family Agorophiidae, only to be reclassified and removed later. This has created confusion as to what is and what is not an agorophiid and a lack of clarity as to what characteristics delimit the Agorophiidae. A newly discovered skull of an agorophiid recently collected from an underwater cliff face of the Ashley River, South Carolina, USA, is assigned to Agorophius pygmaeus. It derives from the base of the Ashley Formation (early Oligocene). The new specimen consists of most of the skull and periotics, which are well preserved and described for the first time in an agorophiid. The new specimen provides an opportunity to diagnose the Agorophiidae and place the genus and species within the phylogenetic context of the early odontocete radiation in the Oligocene, along with other taxa such as the Ashleycetidae, Mirocetidae, Patriocetidae, Simocetidae, Waipatiidae, and Xenorophidae. Based on this new understanding, Agorophiidae are known with certainty only from the early Oligocene of South Carolina, with other undescribed, potential agorophiid specimens from the Oligocene of the North Pacific region (Japan, Mexico, and Washington State). C1 [Godfrey, Stephen J.] Calvert Marine Museum, Dept Paleontol, POB 97, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. [Uhen, Mark D.] George Mason Univ, AOES Geol, MS 6E3, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Osborne, Jason E.] Paleo Quest, 4657 Sudley Rd, Catharpin, VA 20143 USA. [Edwards, Lucy E.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA. RP Godfrey, SJ (reprint author), Calvert Marine Museum, Dept Paleontol, POB 97, Solomons, MD 20688 USA. EM Godfresj@co.cal.md.us; muhen@gmu.edu; paleoquest2@gmail.com; leedward@usgs.gov OI Uhen, Mark/0000-0002-2689-0801 FU Citizens of Calvert County, Maryland; Board of Calvert County Commissioners; Clarissa and Lincoln Dryden Endowment for Paleontology at the Calvert Marine Museum FX SJG received funding from the Citizens of Calvert County, Maryland, the Board of Calvert County Commissioners, and the Clarissa and Lincoln Dryden Endowment for Paleontology at the Calvert Marine Museum. NR 71 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0022-3360 EI 1937-2337 J9 J PALEONTOL JI J. Paleontol. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 90 IS 1 BP 154 EP 169 DI 10.1017/jpa.2016.4 PG 16 WC Paleontology SC Paleontology GA DP2JY UT WOS:000378315900011 ER PT J AU Mathews, SR Coates, PS Delehanty, DJ AF Mathews, Steven R. Coates, Peter S. Delehanty, David J. TI Survival of translocated sharp-tailed grouse: temporal threshold and age effects SO WILDLIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Columbian sharp-tailed grouse; game bird conservation; re-establishment; restoration; survival threshold; translocation; Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus ID SAGE GROUSE; POPULATIONS; FIDELITY; STRESS; BIRDS AB Context The Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (Tympanuchus phasianellus columbianus) is a subspecies of conservation concern in the western United States, currently occupying 10% of its historic range. Land and management agencies are employing translocation techniques to restore Columbian sharp-tailed grouse (CSTG) populations. However, establishing self-sustaining populations by translocating grouse often is unsuccessful, owing, in part, to low survivorship of translocated grouse following release. Aims We measured and modelled patterns of CSTG mortality for 150 days following translocation into historic range, to better understand patterns and causes of success or failure in conservation efforts to re-establish grouse populations. Methods We conducted two independent multi-year translocations and evaluated individual and temporal factors associated with CSTG survival up to 150 days following their release. Both translocations were reintroduction attempts in Nevada, USA, to establish viable populations of CSTG into their historic range. Key results We observed a clear temporal threshold in survival probability, with CSTG mortality substantially higher during the first 50 days following release than during the subsequent 100 days. Additionally, translocated yearling grouse exhibited higher overall survival (0.6690.062) than did adults (0.4200.052) across the 150-day period and higher survival than adults both before and after the 50-day temporal threshold. Conclusions Translocated CSTG are especially vulnerable to mortality for 50 days following release, whereas translocated yearling grouse are more resistant to mortality than are adult grouse. On the basis of the likelihood of survival, yearling CSTG are better candidates for population restoration through translocation than are adult grouse. Implications Management actions that ameliorate mortality factors for 50 days following translocation and translocations that employ yearling grouse will increase the likelihood of population establishment. C1 [Mathews, Steven R.; Coates, Peter S.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA. [Mathews, Steven R.; Delehanty, David J.] Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83201 USA. RP Mathews, SR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.; Mathews, SR (reprint author), Idaho State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Pocatello, ID 83201 USA. EM mathstev@isu.edu FU Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW); Nevada Chukar Foundation; Carson Valley Chukar Club; Nevada Bighorns Unlimited FX The Nevada Department of Wildlife (NDOW), the Nevada Chukar Foundation, the Carson Valley Chukar Club, and Nevada Bighorns Unlimited funded this work directly and through grants to the University of Nevada, Reno and Idaho State University. The Idaho Department of Fish and Game (IDFG) provided essential logistic support. We expressly thank M. Wackenhut, Z. Lockyer, B. Gullett, D. Rose, J. Knetter of IDFG and S. Stiver (ret.), S. Espinosa, K. Gray, and M. Jeffress of NDOW for their critical support. We thank the many technicians from both agencies for their tireless on-the-ground assistance. We thank M. Casazza of the US Geological Survey WER Coffice for integral logistic support and B. Brussee for help with statistical analyses. We also thank K. Andrle and K. Howe who provided important feedback during manuscript preparation. Any use of trade, product, website, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the USA Government. NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 8 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI CLAYTON PA UNIPARK, BLDG 1, LEVEL 1, 195 WELLINGTON RD, LOCKED BAG 10, CLAYTON, VIC 3168, AUSTRALIA SN 1035-3712 EI 1448-5494 J9 WILDLIFE RES JI Wildl. Res. PY 2016 VL 43 IS 3 BP 220 EP 227 DI 10.1071/WR15158 PG 8 WC Ecology; Zoology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology GA DP3RF UT WOS:000378411900004 ER PT J AU de Leon, DZ Kershaw, S Mahan, S AF Zuniga de Leon, David Kershaw, Stephen Mahan, Shannon TI Quaternary alluvial fans of Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, northern Mexico: OSL ages and implications for climatic history of the region SO BOLETIN DE LA SOCIEDAD GEOLOGICA MEXICANA LA English DT Article DE luminescence; northern Mexico; Ciudad Juarez; alluvial fans ID RIO-GRANDE RIFT; MOJAVE DESERT; FAULT ZONE; LUMINESCENCE; SEDIMENTS; USA; ALBUQUERQUE; PLEISTOCENE; CALIFORNIA; PLIOCENE AB Alluvial fans formed from sediments derived from erosion of the Juarez Mountains in northernmost Mexico have a significant flood impact on the Ciudad Juarez, which is built on the fan system. The northern part of Ciudad Juarez is the most active; further south, older parts of the fan, upon which the rest of the city is built, were largely eroded by natural processes prior to human habitation and subsequently modified only recently by human construction. Three aeolian sand samples, collected from the uppermost (youngest) parts of the fan system in the city area, in places where human intervention has not disturbed the sediment, and constrain the latest dates of fan building. Depositional ages of the Quaternary alluvial fans were measured using Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) on aeolian sands that have inter-fingered with alluvial fan material. These dates are: a) sample P1, 31 ka; b) sample P2, 41 ka; c) sample P3, 74 ka, between Oxygen Isotope Stages (OIS) 3 to 5. They demonstrate that fan development, in the area now occupied by the city, terminated in the Late Pleistocene, immediately after what we interpret to have been an extended period of erosion without further deposition, lasting from the Late Pleistocene to Holocene. The three dates broadly correspond to global glacial periods, implying that the cool, dry periods may reflect periods of aeolian transport in northern Mexico in between phases that were wetter to form the alluvial fans. Alluvial fan margins inter-finger with fluvial terrace sediments derived from the Rio Bravo, indicating an additional component of fan dissection by Rio Bravo lateral erosion, presumed to be active during earlier times than our OSL ages, but these are not yet dated. Further dating is required to ascertain the controls on the fan and fluvial system. C1 [Zuniga de Leon, David] Univ Autonoma Ciudad Juarez, Inst Ingn & Tecnol, Ciudad Juarez 32317, Chihuahua, Mexico. [Kershaw, Stephen] Brunel Univ, Inst Environm, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, Middx, England. [Mahan, Shannon] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. RP de Leon, DZ (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Ciudad Juarez, Inst Ingn & Tecnol, Ciudad Juarez 32317, Chihuahua, Mexico. EM dzuniga@uacj.mx OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774 FU Brunel University FX We are grateful to the University of Ciudad Juarez for providing facilities for fieldwork in Mexico. David Zuniga thanks the administrators of the PROMEP program for support in the UK during his PhD study. Sampling for OSL dates was assisted by Hilario and Eduardo, and for their efforts we are most grateful. Steve Kershaw thanks Brunel University for support and use of facilities during the production of this paper. SAM thanks the U.S. Geological Survey for providing facilities for OSL dating. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV NACIONAL AUTONOMA MEXICO, INST GEOGRAFIA PI COYOACAN C P PA CIUDAD UNIV, FAC ECONOMIA, CIRCUITO INTEROR S-N, 1ER PISO, EDIFICIO B, COYOACAN C P, 04510, MEXICO SN 1405-3322 J9 B SOC GEOL MEX JI Bol. Soc. Geol. Mex. PY 2016 VL 68 IS 1 BP 111 EP 128 PG 18 WC Geology SC Geology GA DO2VO UT WOS:000377638500013 ER PT J AU Peng, S Ciais, P Krinner, G Wang, T Gouttevin, I McGuire, AD Lawrence, D Burke, E Chen, X Decharme, B Koven, C MacDougall, A Rinke, A Saito, K Zhang, W Alkama, R Bohn, TJ Delire, C Hajima, T Ji, D Lettenmaier, DP Miller, PA Moore, JC Smith, B Sueyoshi, T AF Peng, S. Ciais, P. Krinner, G. Wang, T. Gouttevin, I. McGuire, A. D. Lawrence, D. Burke, E. Chen, X. Decharme, B. Koven, C. MacDougall, A. Rinke, A. Saito, K. Zhang, W. Alkama, R. Bohn, T. J. Delire, C. Hajima, T. Ji, D. Lettenmaier, D. P. Miller, P. A. Moore, J. C. Smith, B. Sueyoshi, T. TI Simulated high-latitude soil thermal dynamics during the past 4 decades SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; LAND-SURFACE MODEL; PERMAFROST CARBON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; THAW; VULNERABILITY; TEMPERATURES; SYSTEM; FLUXES AB Soil temperature (T-s) change is a key indicator of the dynamics of permafrost. On seasonal and interannual timescales, the variability of T-s determines the active-layer depth, which regulates hydrological soil properties and biogeochemical processes. On the multi-decadal scale, increasing T-s not only drives permafrost thaw/retreat but can also trigger and accelerate the decomposition of soil organic carbon. The magnitude of permafrost carbon feedbacks is thus closely linked to the rate of change of soil thermal regimes. In this study, we used nine process-based ecosystem models with permafrost processes, all forced by different observation-based climate forcing during the period 1960-2000, to characterize the warming rate of T-s in permafrost regions. There is a large spread of T-s trends at 20 cm depth across the models, with trend values ranging from 0.010 +/- 0.003 to 0.031 +/- 0.005 degrees C yr(-1). Most models show smaller increase in T-s with increasing depth. Air temperature (T-a) and longwave downward radiation (LWDR) are the main drivers of T-s trends, but their relative contributions differ amongst the models. Different trends of LWDR used in the forcing of models can explain 61% of their differences in T-s trends, while trends of T a only explain 5% of the differences in T-s trends. Uncertain climate forcing contributes a larger uncertainty in T-s trends (0.021 +/- 0.008 degrees C yr(-1), mean +/- standard deviation) than the uncertainty of model structure (0.012 +/- 0.001 degrees C yr(-1)), diagnosed from the range of response between different models, normalized to the same forcing. In addition, the loss rate of near-surface permafrost area, defined as total area where the maximum seasonal active-layer thickness (ALT) is less than 3m loss rate, is found to be significantly correlated with the magnitude of the trends of T-s at 1m depth across the models (R = -0.85, P = 0.003), but not with the initial total nearsurface permafrost area (R = -0.30, P = -0.438). The sensitivity of the total boreal near-surface permafrost area to T-s at 1m is estimated to be of -2.80 +/- 0.67 million km(2) degrees C-1. Finally, by using two long-term LWDR data sets and relationships between trends of LWDR and T-s across models, we infer an observation-constrained total boreal near-surface permafrost area decrease comprising between 39 +/- 14 x 10(3) and 75 +/- 14 x 10(3) km(2) yr(-1) from 1960 to 2000. This corresponds to 9-18% degradation of the current permafrost area. C1 [Peng, S.; Krinner, G.; Wang, T.; Gouttevin, I.] UJF Grenoble 1, CNRS, LGGE, F-38041 Grenoble, France. [Peng, S.; Ciais, P.; Wang, T.] CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. [Gouttevin, I.] UR HHLY, Irstea, 5 Rue Doua,CS 70077, F-69626 Villeurbanne, France. [McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Lawrence, D.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Burke, E.] Met Off Hadley Ctr, FitzRoy Rd, Exeter EX1 3PB, Devon, England. [Chen, X.; Lettenmaier, D. P.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Decharme, B.; Alkama, R.; Delire, C.] CNRS, Meteo France, UMR 3589, CNRM,GAME,UMR, 42 avCoriolis, F-31057 Toulouse, France. [Koven, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [MacDougall, A.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Rinke, A.; Ji, D.; Moore, J. C.] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Rinke, A.] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Potsdam, Germany. [Saito, K.; Hajima, T.; Sueyoshi, T.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Res Inst Global Change, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [Zhang, W.; Miller, P. A.; Smith, B.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, Solvegatan 12, S-22362 Lund, Sweden. [Bohn, T. J.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA. [Sueyoshi, T.] Natl Inst Polar Res, Tachikawa, Tokyo, Japan. RP Peng, S (reprint author), UJF Grenoble 1, CNRS, LGGE, F-38041 Grenoble, France.; Peng, S (reprint author), CEA, CNRS, UVSQ, LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France. EM shushi.peng@lsce.ipsl.fr RI Krinner, Gerhard/A-6450-2011; Smith, Benjamin/I-1212-2016; Moore, John/B-2868-2013; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; OI Krinner, Gerhard/0000-0002-2959-5920; Smith, Benjamin/0000-0002-6987-5337; Moore, John/0000-0001-8271-5787; Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065; Rinke, Annette/0000-0002-6685-9219 FU European Commission [PAGE21, 282700]; National Science Foundation; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-CEPL-012-03] FX This study has been supported by the PAGE21 project, funded by the European Commission FP7-ENV-2011 ( grant agreement no. 282700), and has been developed as part of the modeling integration team of the Permafrost Carbon Network ( PCN, www.permafrostcarbon.org), funded by the National Science Foundation. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. B. Decharme and C. Delire were supported by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche under agreement ANR-10-CEPL-012-03. NR 66 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 13 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 179 EP 192 DI 10.5194/tc-10-179-2016 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DO2IF UT WOS:000377602600012 ER PT J AU Wang, W Rinke, A Moore, JC Cui, X Ji, D Li, Q Zhang, N Wang, C Zhang, S Lawrence, DM McGuire, AD Zhang, W Delire, C Koven, C Saito, K MacDougall, A Burke, E Decharme, B AF Wang, W. Rinke, A. Moore, J. C. Cui, X. Ji, D. Li, Q. Zhang, N. Wang, C. Zhang, S. Lawrence, D. M. McGuire, A. D. Zhang, W. Delire, C. Koven, C. Saito, K. MacDougall, A. Burke, E. Decharme, B. TI Diagnostic and model dependent uncertainty of simulated Tibetan permafrost area SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID EARTH SYSTEM MODEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; PLATEAU; CHINA; VEGETATION; SNOW; DEGRADATION; DYNAMICS; SCHEME; CARBON AB We perform a land-surface model intercomparison to investigate how the simulation of permafrost area on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) varies among six modern stand-alone land-surface models (CLM4.5, CoLM, ISBA, JULES, LPJ-GUESS, UVic). We also examine the variability in simulated permafrost area and distribution introduced by five different methods of diagnosing permafrost (from modeled monthly ground temperature, mean annual ground and air temperatures, air and surface frost indexes). There is good agreement (99 to 135 x 10(4) km(2)) between the two diagnostic methods based on air temperature which are also consistent with the observation-based estimate of actual permafrost area (101 x 10(4) km(2)). However the uncertainty (1 to 128 x 10(4) km(2)) using the three methods that require simulation of ground temperature is much greater. Moreover simulated permafrost distribution on the TP is generally only fair to poor for these three methods (diagnosis of permafrost from monthly, and mean annual ground temperature, and surface frost index), while permafrost distribution using air-temperature-based methods is generally good. Model evaluation at field sites highlights specific problems in process simulations likely related to soil texture specification, vegetation types and snow cover. Models are particularly poor at simulating permafrost distribution using the definition that soil temperature remains at or below 0 degrees C for 24 consecutive months, which requires reliable simulation of both mean annual ground temperatures and seasonal cycle, and hence is relatively demanding. Although models can produce better permafrost maps using mean annual ground temperature and surface frost index, analysis of simulated soil temperature profiles reveals substantial biases. The current generation of land-surface models need to reduce biases in simulated soil temperature profiles before reliable contemporary permafrost maps and predictions of changes in future permafrost distribution can be made for the Tibetan Plateau. C1 [Wang, W.; Rinke, A.; Moore, J. C.; Ji, D.] Beijing Normal Univ, Coll Global Change & Earth Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Rinke, A.] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Potsdam, Germany. [Cui, X.] Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. [Li, Q.; Zhang, N.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Atmospher Phys, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Wang, C.] Lanzhou Univ, Sch Atmospher Sci, Lanzhou 730000, Peoples R China. [Zhang, S.] NW Univ Xian, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Xian 710069, Peoples R China. [Lawrence, D. M.] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA. [McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA. [Zhang, W.] Lund Univ, Dept Phys Geog & Ecosyst Sci, Lund, Sweden. [Delire, C.; Decharme, B.] CNRS Meteo France, GAME, Unite Mixte Rech, Toulouse, France. [Koven, C.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Saito, K.] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Integrated Climate Change Project Res, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. [MacDougall, A.] Univ Victoria, Sch Earth & Ocean Sci, Victoria, BC, Canada. [Burke, E.] Met Off, Hadley Ctr, Exeter, Devon, England. RP Cui, X (reprint author), Beijing Normal Univ, Sch Syst Sci, Beijing 100875, Peoples R China. EM xuefeng.cui@bnu.edu.cn RI Moore, John/B-2868-2013; Koven, Charles/N-8888-2014; OI Moore, John/0000-0001-8271-5787; Koven, Charles/0000-0002-3367-0065; Wang, Chenghai/0000-0002-7122-7160; Rinke, Annette/0000-0002-6685-9219 FU Permafrost Carbon Vulnerability Research Coordination Network - National Science Foundation; Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme [GA01101]; European Union [282700]; National Basic Research Program of China [2015CB953600]; National Science Foundation of China [40905047]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [41275003, 41030106]; French Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-10-CEPL-012-03] FX The data will be made available through the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC; http://nsidc.org); the contact person is Kevin Schaefer (kevin.schaefer@nsidc.org). This study was supported by the Permafrost Carbon Vulnerability Research Coordination Network, which is funded by the National Science Foundation. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. E. J. Burke was supported by the Joint UK DECC/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Programme (GA01101) and the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 282700. This research was also sponsored by the following Chinese foundations: (1) the National Basic Research Program of China (grant no. 2015CB953600), (2) the National Science Foundation of China (grant no. 40905047), (3) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41275003), and (4) the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 41030106). In addition, B. Decharme and C. Delire were supported by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche under agreement ANR-10-CEPL-012-03. NR 74 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 12 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2016 VL 10 IS 1 BP 287 EP 306 DI 10.5194/tc-10-287-2016 PG 20 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DO2IF UT WOS:000377602600018 ER PT J AU Wang-Erlandsson, L Bastiaanssen, WGM Gao, H Jagermeyr, J Senay, GB van Dijk, AIJM Guerschman, JP Keys, PW Gordon, LJ Savenije, HHG AF Wang-Erlandsson, Lan Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M. Gao, Hongkai Jaegermeyr, Jonas Senay, Gabriel B. van Dijk, Albert I. J. M. Guerschman, Juan P. Keys, Patrick W. Gordon, Line J. Savenije, Hubert H. G. TI Global root zone storage capacity from satellite-based evaporation SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID WATER-BALANCE; SURFACE CONDUCTANCE; HYDROLOGICAL CYCLE; TREE ROOTS; CLIMATE; EVAPOTRANSPIRATION; SOIL; MODEL; DEPTH; VEGETATION AB This study presents an "Earth observation-based" method for estimating root zone storage capacity - a critical, yet uncertain parameter in hydrological and land surface modelling. By assuming that vegetation optimises its root zone storage capacity to bridge critical dry periods, we were able to use state-of-the-art satellite-based evaporation data computed with independent energy balance equations to derive gridded root zone storage capacity at global scale. This approach does not require soil or vegetation information, is model independent, and is in principle scale independent. In contrast to a traditional look-up table approach, our method captures the variability in root zone storage capacity within land cover types, including in rainforests where direct measurements of root depths otherwise are scarce. Implementing the estimated root zone storage capacity in the global hydrological model STEAM (Simple Terrestrial Evaporation to Atmosphere Model) improved evaporation simulation overall, and in particular during the least evaporating months in sub-humid to humid regions with moderate to high seasonality. Our results suggest that several forest types are able to create a large storage to buffer for severe droughts (with a very long return period), in contrast to, for example, savannahs and woody savannahs (medium length return period), as well as grasslands, shrublands, and croplands (very short return period). The presented method to estimate root zone storage capacity eliminates the need for poor resolution soil and rooting depth data that form a limitation for achieving progress in the global land surface modelling community. C1 [Wang-Erlandsson, Lan; Keys, Patrick W.; Gordon, Line J.] Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Wang-Erlandsson, Lan; Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.; Gao, Hongkai; Savenije, Hubert H. G.] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Dept Water Management, Delft, Netherlands. [Bastiaanssen, Wim G. M.] UNESCO, IHE Inst Water Educ, Delft, Netherlands. [Gao, Hongkai] Arizona State Univ, Global Inst Sustainabil, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Jaegermeyr, Jonas] Potsdam Inst Climate Impact Res, Res Domain Earth Syst Anal, Potsdam, Germany. [Senay, Gabriel B.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, North Cent Climate Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [van Dijk, Albert I. J. M.] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [van Dijk, Albert I. J. M.; Guerschman, Juan P.] CSIRO Land & Water, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Keys, Patrick W.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Wang-Erlandsson, L (reprint author), Stockholm Univ, Stockholm Resilience Ctr, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.; Wang-Erlandsson, L (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Dept Water Management, Delft, Netherlands. EM lan.wang@su.se RI Van Dijk, Albert/B-3106-2011; GUERSCHMAN, Juan/C-1479-2009; OI Van Dijk, Albert/0000-0002-6508-7480; GUERSCHMAN, Juan/0000-0001-7464-6304; Wang-Erlandsson, Lan/0000-0002-7739-5069 FU Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet); Swedish Research Council Formas (Forskningsradet Formas) FX This research was supported by funding from the Swedish Research Council (Vetenskapsradet) and the Swedish Research Council Formas (Forskningsradet Formas). The global evaporation data sets were made available by the USGS FEWS NET (part of the USGS EROS Centre) (SSEBop model) and the CSIRO (CMRSET model). Without these data sets, the global upscaling would not have been feasible. We are grateful to Ruud van der Ent, Ingo Fetzer, Tanja de Boer-Euser, Remko Nijzink, and Tim Hessels for valuable discussions during the manuscript preparation, and Axel Kleidon and Jochen Schenk for sharing and explaining their data. We also thank the two anonymous referees and Axel Kleidon, whose careful review helped improve and clarify this manuscript. NR 91 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 10 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2016 VL 20 IS 4 BP 1459 EP 1481 DI 10.5194/hess-20-1459-2016 PG 23 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DO5XK UT WOS:000377856100010 ER PT J AU Magee, MR Wu, CH Robertson, DM Lathrop, RC Hamilton, DP AF Magee, Madeline R. Wu, Chin H. Robertson, Dale M. Lathrop, Richard C. Hamilton, David P. TI Trends and abrupt changes in 104 years of ice cover and water temperature in a dimictic lake in response to air temperature, wind speed, and water clarity drivers SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID DISSOLVED-OXYGEN CHARACTERISTICS; LAURENTIAN GREAT-LAKES; CLIMATE REGIME SHIFT; THERMAL STRATIFICATION; POLYMICTIC LAKE; BOREAL FOREST; UNITED-STATES; VARIABILITY; PHOSPHORUS; WINTER AB The one-dimensional hydrodynamic ice model, DYRESM-WQ-I, was modified to simulate ice cover and thermal structure of dimictic Lake Mendota, Wisconsin, USA, over a continuous 104-year period (1911-2014). The model results were then used to examine the drivers of changes in ice cover and water temperature, focusing on the responses to shifts in air temperature, wind speed, and water clarity at multiyear timescales. Observations of the drivers include a change in the trend of warming air temperatures from 0.081 degrees C per decade before 1981 to 0.334 degrees C per decade thereafter, as well as a shift in mean wind speed from 4.44 ms(-1) before 1994 to 3.74 ms(-1) thereafter. Observations show that Lake Mendota has experienced significant changes in ice cover: later ice-on date(9.0 days later per century), earlier ice-off date (12.3 days per century), decreasing ice cover duration (21.3 days per century), while model simulations indicate a change in maximum ice thickness (12.7 cm decrease per century). Model simulations also show changes in the lake thermal regime of earlier stratification onset (12.3 days per century), later fall turnover (14.6 days per century), longer stratification duration (26.8 days per century), and decreasing summer hypolimnetic temperatures (-1.4 degrees C per century). Correlation analysis of lake variables and driving variables revealed ice cover variables, stratification onset, epilimnetic temperature, and hypolimnetic temperature were most closely correlated with air temperature, whereas freeze-over water temperature, hypolimnetic heating, and fall turnover date were more closely correlated with wind speed. Each lake variable (i.e., ice-on and ice-off dates, ice cover duration, maximum ice thickness, freeze-over water temperature, stratification onset, fall turnover date, stratification duration, epilimnion temperature, hypolimnion temperature, and hypolimnetic heating) was averaged for the three periods (1911-1980, 1981-1993, and 1994-2014) delineated by abrupt changes in air temperature and wind speed. Average summer hypolimnetic temperature and fall turnover date exhibit significant differences between the third period and the first two periods. Changes in ice cover (ice-on and ice-off dates, ice cover duration, and maximum ice thickness) exhibit an abrupt change after 1994, which was related in part to the warm El Nino winter of 1997-1998. Under-ice water temperature, freeze-over water temperature, hypolimnetic temperature, fall turnover date, and stratification duration demonstrate a significant difference in the third period (1994-2014), when air temperature was warmest and wind speeds decreased rather abruptly. The trends in ice cover and water temperature demonstrate responses to both long-term and abrupt changes in meteorological conditions that can be complemented with numerical modeling to better understand how these variables will respond in a future climate. C1 [Magee, Madeline R.; Wu, Chin H.] Univ Wisconsin, Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI USA. [Robertson, Dale M.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI USA. [Lathrop, Richard C.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hamilton, David P.] Univ Waikato, Environm Res Inst, Hamilton, New Zealand. RP Wu, CH (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI USA. EM chinwu@engr.wisc.edu RI Wu, Chin/C-2042-2009; OI Wu, Chin/0000-0001-8393-1940; Robertson, Dale/0000-0001-6799-0596 FU US National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Program; University of Wisconsin (UW) Water Resources Institutes USGS 104(B) Research Project; UW Office of Sustainability SIRE Award Program; College of Engineering Grainger Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship FX Financial support for this project was provided in part by the US National Science Foundation Long-Term Ecological Research Program, University of Wisconsin (UW) Water Resources Institutes USGS 104(B) Research Project, and UW Office of Sustainability SIRE Award Program. Funding support for the first author by the College of Engineering Grainger Wisconsin Distinguished Graduate Fellowship is acknowledged. We thank Yi-Fang Hsieh for further developing an ice module in the DYRESM-WQ model in work that was initiated by Brett Wallace. We acknowledge Yi-Fang Hsieh for collecting ice data used for the model calibration and validation in this study. Finally, the authors would like to thank John Magnuson and Tim Kratz at the Center for Limnology for their insightful suggestions regarding climate change on lake ice. Last but not least, we acknowledge the editor Marnik Vanclooster and the three reviewers, Renjie Xia, Roman Zurek, and Homa Kheyrollah Pour, for their valuable and constructive comments to greatly improve the paper. NR 111 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 10 U2 13 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1027-5606 EI 1607-7938 J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci. PY 2016 VL 20 IS 5 BP 1681 EP 1702 DI 10.5194/hess-20-1681-2016 PG 22 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA DO5ZX UT WOS:000377862900003 ER PT J AU Conn, PB Moreland, EE Regehr, EV Richmond, EL Cameron, MF Boveng, PL AF Conn, Paul B. Moreland, Erin E. Regehr, Eric V. Richmond, Erin L. Cameron, Michael F. Boveng, Peter L. TI Using simulation to evaluate wildlife survey designs: polar bears and seals in the Chukchi Sea SO ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE aerial survey; animal abundance; ice-associated seal; polar bear; species distribution model; survey design ID DISTANCE SAMPLING DATA; ICE-ASSOCIATED SEALS; WESTERN HUDSON-BAY; TRANSECT SURVEYS; POPULATION-SIZE; SPATIAL MODELS; MARK-RECAPTURE; AERIAL SURVEYS; ABUNDANCE; 21ST-CENTURY AB Logistically demanding and expensive wildlife surveys should ideally yield defensible estimates. Here, we show how simulation can be used to evaluate alternative survey designs for estimating wildlife abundance. Specifically, we evaluate the potential of instrument-based aerial surveys (combining infrared imagery with high-resolution digital photography to detect and identify species) for estimating abundance of polar bears and seals in the Chukchi Sea. We investigate the consequences of different levels of survey effort, flight track allocation and model configuration on bias and precision of abundance estimators. For bearded seals (0.07 animals km(-2)) and ringed seals (1.29 animals km(-2)), we find that eight flights traversing approximate to 7840 km are sufficient to achieve target precision levels (coefficient of variation (CV) <20%) for a 2.94 x 10(5) km(-2) study area. For polar bears (provisionally, 0.003 animals km(-2)), 12 flights traversing approximate to 11 760 km resulted in CVs ranging from 28 to 35%. Estimators were relatively unbiased with similar precision over different flight track allocation strategies and estimation models, although some combinations had superior performance. These findings suggest that instrument-based aerial surveys may provide a viable means for monitoring seal and polar bear populations on the surface of the sea ice over large Arctic regions. More broadly, our simulation-based approach to evaluating survey designs can serve as a template for biologists designing their own surveys. C1 [Conn, Paul B.; Moreland, Erin E.; Richmond, Erin L.; Cameron, Michael F.; Boveng, Peter L.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. [Regehr, Eric V.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marine Mammals Management, 1011 East Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA. RP Conn, PB (reprint author), NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. EM paul.conn@noaa.gov FU US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA); US Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS) FX Support for the authors came from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the US Fish & Wildlife Service (USFWS). NR 57 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 10 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 2054-5703 J9 ROY SOC OPEN SCI JI R. Soc. Open Sci. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 3 IS 1 AR 150561 DI 10.1098/rsos.150561 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DO7NF UT WOS:000377968600024 PM 26909183 ER PT J AU McGann, M Starratt, SW Powell, C Bieling, DG AF McGann, Mary Starratt, Scott W. Powell, Charles, II Bieling, David G. TI Use of Mussel Casts from Archaeological Sites as Paleoecological Indicators: An Example from CA-MRN-254, Marin County, Alta California SO CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SEDIMENTARY PYRITE FORMATION; DROUGHT; AFRICA; BASIN; BEDS; SEA; AGE AB Archaeological investigations at prehistoric site CA-MRN-254 at the Dominican University of California in Marin County, California, revealed evidence of Native American occupation spanning the past 1,800 years. A dominant source of food for the inhabitants in the San Francisco Bay area was the intertidal, quiet-water dwelling blue mussel (Mytilus trossulus), although rare occurrences of the open coast-dwelling California mussel (Mytilus californianus) suggest that this species was also utilized sporadically. On rare occasions, cultural horizons at this site contain abundant sediment-filled casts of the smaller mussel Modiolus sp. These casts were formed soon after death when the shells filled with sediment and were roasted along with living bivalve shellfish for consumption. Thin sections of these mussel casts display sedimentological and microbiological constituents that shed light on the paleoenvironmental conditions when they were alive. Fine-grained sediment and pelletal muds comprising these casts suggest that the mussels were collected in a low energy, inner bay environment. The rare presence of the diatoms Triceratium dubium and Thalassionema nitzschioides indicate more normal marine (35 psu) and possibly warmer conditions than presently exist in San Francisco Bay. Radiocarbon dating of charcoal associated with the mussel casts containing these diatoms correlates with a 600-year period of warming from ca. A.D. 700-1300, known as the Medieval Climatic Anomaly. Results of this mussel cast study demonstrate that they have great potential for providing paleoenvironmental information at this and other archaeological sites. C1 [McGann, Mary; Starratt, Scott W.; Powell, Charles, II] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. [Bieling, David G.] Holman & Associates Archaeol Consultants, 3615 Folsom St, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP McGann, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA. EM mmcgann@usgs.gov; sstarrat@usgs.gov; cpowell@usgs.gov; dbieling@sonic.net NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1947-461X EI 1947-4628 J9 CALIF ARCHAOL JI Calif. Archaeol. PY 2016 VL 8 IS 1 BP 63 EP 90 DI 10.1080/1947461X.2016.1176367 PG 28 WC Archaeology SC Archaeology GA DO1LS UT WOS:000377540200003 ER PT J AU Rentch, JS Ford, WM Schuler, TS Palmer, J Diggins, CA AF Rentch, J. S. Ford, W. M. Schuler, T. S. Palmer, J. Diggins, C. A. TI Release of Suppressed Red Spruce Using Canopy Gap Creation-Ecological Restoration in the Central Appalachians SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE canopy gaps; Central Appalachians; forest restoration; gap-phase disturbance; red spruce; regime ID FOREST; GROWTH; REGENERATION; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; STANDS; TREES; FIR; USA AB Red spruce (Picea rubens) and red spruce-northern hardwood mixed stands once covered as much as 300,000 ha in the Central Appalachians, but now comprise no more than 21,000 ha. Recently, interest in restoration of this forest type has increased because red spruce forests provide habitat for a number of rare animal species. Our study reports the results of an understory red spruce release experiment in hardwood-dominated stands that have a small component of understory red spruce. In 2005, 188 target spruce were identified in sample plots at six locations in central West Virginia. We projected a vertical cylinder above the crown of all target spruces, and in 2007, we performed a release treatment whereby overtopping hardwoods were treated with herbicide using a stem injection technique. Release treatments removed 0-10% (Control), 11-50% (Low), 51-89% (Medium), and >= 90% (High) of the basal area of overtopping trees. We also took canopy photographs at the time of each remeasurement in 2007, 2010, and 2013, and compared basal removal treatments and resulting 2010 canopy openness and understory light values. The high treatment level provided significantly greater six-year dbh and height growth than the other treatment levels. Based on these results, we propose that a tree-centered release approach utilizing small canopy gaps that emulate the historical, gap-phase disturbance regime provides a good strategy for red spruce restoration in hardwood forests where overstory spruce are virtually absent, and where red spruce is largely relegated to the understory. C1 [Rentch, J. S.] W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Ford, W. M.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, US Geol Survey, Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Ford, W. M.; Diggins, C. A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Schuler, T. S.] USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Parsons, WV 26287 USA. [Palmer, J.] USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Princeton, WV 24740 USA. RP Rentch, JS (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, Div Forestry & Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM jrentch2@wvu.edu FU USDA Forest Service; Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University; US Geological Survey; West Virginia Division of Highways FX Initial funding was provided by the USDA Forest Service and the Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, with additional support from the US Geological Survey and the West Virginia Division of Highways. Adele Fenwick produced the map. Kent Karriker, Shane Jones, and Nathan Beane provided helpful initial reviews of this manuscript. This is scientific article No. 3223 of the West Virginia Agriculture and Forestry Experiment Station. NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 5 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 29 EP 37 PG 9 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA DN9XL UT WOS:000377433900004 ER PT J AU Smith, C DeKeyser, ES Dixon, C Kobiela, B Little, A AF Smith, Caitlin DeKeyser, Edward S. Dixon, Cami Kobiela, Breanna Little, Amanda TI Effects of Sediment Removal on Prairie Pothole Wetland Plant Communities in North Dakota SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; hybrid cattail; sediment; Typha x glauca; wetland ID TYPHA X GLAUCA; SEED BANKS; RESTORATION; DOMINANCE; CONSEQUENCES; VEGETATION; ECOSYSTEM; SURVIVAL; IMPACT; SOILS AB This study assessed the effects of sediment removal on Prairie Pothole Region wetland plant communities in North Dakota in order to determine if this management tool improves vegetation structure that benefits wildlife. Three categories of seasonal wetlands were evaluated: reference condition, converted cropland, and excavated. Vegetation surveys were conducted in the wet meadow and shallow marsh zones of 39 seasonal wetlands located in Benson, Eddy, Towner, and Wells Counties, North Dakota. Visual obstruction readings were taken at various heights in order to assess habitat quality. There were no geographic differences in the reference wetland plant communities. However, there were significant treatment differences between the plant communities of the wet meadow and shallow marsh zones. In general, excavated wetlands showed vegetation trends similar to reference wetlands, whereas the converted cropland wetlands tended to be more cattail-choked. Visual obstruction scores and mean percent cover of hybrid cattail (Typha X glauca) were considerably higher in converted cropland sites than in excavated and reference sites, indicating that the excavated and reference sites provide the potential for higher quality wildlife habitat. Actively restoring wetlands through excavation is a promising technique that deserves further implementation and investigation. C1 [Smith, Caitlin; DeKeyser, Edward S.; Kobiela, Breanna] N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. [Dixon, Cami] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Chase Lake Natl Wildlife Refuge, Woodworth, ND 58496 USA. [Little, Amanda] Univ Wisconsin Stout, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA. RP Smith, C (reprint author), N Dakota State Univ, Sch Nat Resource Sci, Fargo, ND 58108 USA. EM caitlin_smith@fws.gov FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; Ducks Unlimited; North Dakota State University FX This research was supported financially by the US Fish and Wildlife Service, Ducks Unlimited, and North Dakota State University. Special thanks to the staff at Devils Lake Wetland Management District for housing and project guidance. We thank M. Fisher, wildlife biologist with the US Fish and Wildlife Service and T. Allbee, business manager/biologist for the North Dakota Natural Resources Trust, for access to their unpublished data. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 8 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 48 EP 58 PG 11 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA DN9XL UT WOS:000377433900006 ER PT J AU Caspary, M Rickard, J AF Caspary, Melissa Rickard, James TI Assessing Conserved Populations of the Rare Relict Trillium (Trillium reliquum) SO NATURAL AREAS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE conservation; management; population dynamics; relict trillium ID UNDERSTORY HERB; FOREST; FRAGMENTATION AB This research on the federally endangered relict trillium (Trillium reliquum) focuses on documenting viable conserved populations including detailing existing threats and making recommendations for the listing status of this species based on study results. On known conservation sites, we estimate size of the trillium population (mature, juvenile, and reproductive individuals) at each site, both in each year and on average; compare density of the trillium population (mature, juvenile, and reproductive individuals) across years to determine whether populations are increasing, decreasing, or remaining stable; estimate herbivory damage; and estimate the proportion of plots invaded by exotic invasive species at each site. Data are collected from 14 sites in Georgia and South Carolina in 2011 and 2012. These survey efforts are successful in identifying where self-sustaining populations of relict trillium occur to satisfy recovery plan objectives, and where protected populations of adequate size are missing. These analyses also highlight locations where additional management efforts are warranted to ensure relict trillium population success to meet delisting requirements. This effort also helps to prioritize existing sites in need of conservation protection and aid in the establishment of a long-term monitoring program. C1 [Caspary, Melissa] Georgia Gwinnett Coll, Sch Sci & Technol, 1000 Univ Ctr Lane, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 USA. [Rickard, James] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, US Dept Interior, 105 West Pk Dr,Suite D, Athens, GA 30606 USA. RP Caspary, M (reprint author), Georgia Gwinnett Coll, Sch Sci & Technol, 1000 Univ Ctr Lane, Lawrenceville, GA 30043 USA. EM mcaspary@ggc.edu FU US Fish and Wildlife Service FX The authors appreciate the contributions of the Georgia Plant Conservation Alliance. Occurrence data were provided by the Georgia Natural Heritage Program with appreciation to Tom Patrick for his insight regarding sample sites. Thanks to Hamp Simkins, Todd Schneider, Tommy Hutcherson, Beth Desport, and Tyrone Ragan for their assistance at specific sites. This study was funded by the US Fish and Wildlife Service. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU NATURAL AREAS ASSOC PI ROCKFORD PA 320 SOUTH THIRD ST, ROCKFORD, IL 61104 USA SN 0885-8608 EI 2162-4399 J9 NAT AREA J JI Nat. Areas J. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 36 IS 1 BP 59 EP 67 PG 9 WC Ecology; Forestry SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry GA DN9XL UT WOS:000377433900007 ER PT J AU Keszthelyi, L Grundy, W Stansberry, J Sivaramakrishnan, A Thatte, D Gudipati, M Tsang, C Greenbaum, A McGruder, C AF Keszthelyi, Laszlo Grundy, Will Stansberry, John Sivaramakrishnan, Anand Thatte, Deepashri Gudipati, Murthy Tsang, Constantine Greenbaum, Alexandra McGruder, Chima TI Observing Outer Planet Satellites (Except Titan) with the James Webb Space Telescope: Science Justification and Observational Requirements SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE methods: observational; planets and satellites: composition; planets and satellites: surfaces; space vehicles: instruments ID VOLCANISM; IO; DISCOVERY; EVOLUTION; PHOEBE AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) will allow observations with a unique combination of spectral, spatial, and temporal resolution for the study of outer planet satellites within our Solar System. We highlight the infrared spectroscopy of icy moons and temporal changes on geologically active satellites as two particularly valuable avenues of scientific inquiry. While some care must be taken to avoid saturation issues, JWST has observation modes that should provide excellent infrared data for such studies. C1 [Keszthelyi, Laszlo] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Grundy, Will] Lowell Observ, 1400 W Mars Hill Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Stansberry, John; Sivaramakrishnan, Anand; Thatte, Deepashri] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Gudipati, Murthy] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA. [Tsang, Constantine] SW Res Inst, Dept Space Studies, 1050 Walnut St,Suite 300, Boulder, CO 80302 USA. [Greenbaum, Alexandra] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [McGruder, Chima] Univ Tennessee, Dept Phys & Astron, 1408 Circle Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. RP Keszthelyi, L (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. EM laz@usgs.gov; grundy@lowell.edu; jstans@stsci.edu; anand@stsci.edu; thatte@stsci.edu; gudipati@jpl.nasa.gov; con@boulder.swri.edu; agreenba@pha.jhu.edu; cmcgrud1@vols.utk.edu RI Gudipati, Murthy/F-7575-2011; OI Greenbaum, Alexandra/0000-0002-7162-8036 FU NASA [NNX11AF74G]; NSF [DGE- 123825]; National Astronomy Consortium FX A. Sivaramakrishnan is supported via NASA grant NNX11AF74G, as is A. Greenbaum, who also receives support through NSF Graduate Research Fellowship DGE- 123825. C. McGruder received support through the National Astronomy Consortium. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 128 IS 959 AR 018006 DI 10.1088/1538-3873/128/959/018006 PG 8 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO1JL UT WOS:000377534200007 ER PT J AU Rivkin, AS Marchis, F Stansberry, JA Takir, D Thomas, C AF Rivkin, Andrew S. Marchis, Franck Stansberry, John A. Takir, Driss Thomas, Cristina CA JWST Asteroids Focus Grp TI Asteroids and the James Webb Space Telescope SO PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article DE minor planets, asteroids: general ID TROJAN ASTEROIDS; 2 PALLAS; 4 VESTA; BELT; IMAGES; ORIGIN; SHAPE AB The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) provides the opportunity for ground-breaking observations of asteroids. It covers wavelength regions that are unavailable from the ground and does so with unprecedented sensitivity. The main belt and Trojan asteroids are all observable at some point in the JWST lifetime. We present an overview of the capabilities for JWST and how they apply to the asteroids as well as some short science cases that take advantage of these capabilities. C1 [Rivkin, Andrew S.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11101 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. [Marchis, Franck] SETI Inst, 189 Bernardo Ave, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA. [Stansberry, John A.] Space Telescope Sci Inst, 3700 San Martin Dr, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Takir, Driss] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA. [Thomas, Cristina] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, 8800 Greenbelt Rd, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Thomas, Cristina] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, NASA, Postdoctoral Program, POB 117,MS 36, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Thomas, Cristina] Planetary Sci Inst, 1700 East Ft Lowell,Suite 106, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. RP Rivkin, AS (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11101 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. EM andy.rivkin@jhuapl.edu; fmarchis@seti.org; jstans@stsci.edu; dtakir@usgs.gov; cristina.a.thomas@nasa.gov FU NASA Planetary Astronomy Grant [NNX14AJ39G]; NSF Planetary Astronomy Award [1313144] FX A.S.R. would like to acknowledge support from NASA Planetary Astronomy Grant NNX14AJ39G and NSF Planetary Astronomy Award 1313144. The authors would like to thank members of the JWST Project at NASA Goddard and staff members at STScI for information and review of this manuscript. NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0004-6280 EI 1538-3873 J9 PUBL ASTRON SOC PAC JI Publ. Astron. Soc. Pac. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 128 IS 959 AR 018003 DI 10.1088/1538-3873/128/959/018003 PG 6 WC Astronomy & Astrophysics SC Astronomy & Astrophysics GA DO1JL UT WOS:000377534200004 ER PT J AU Derose, RJ Bekker, MF Kjelgren, R Buckley, BM Speer, JH Allen, EB AF Derose, R. Justin Bekker, Matthew F. Kjelgren, Roger Buckley, Brendan M. Speer, James H. Allen, Eric B. TI DENDROCHRONOLOGY OF UTAH JUNIPER (JUNIPERUS OSTEOSPERMA (TORR.) LITTLE) SO TREE-RING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE anisohydric; dendrochronology; dendroclimatology; drought-sensitive; pinyon-juniper; Rocky Mountain juniper; Utah ID CARBON ALLOCATION; RIVER STREAMFLOW; NORTHERN UTAH; TIME-SERIES; TREE GROWTH; WATER-USE; RECONSTRUCTION; RINGS; PINE; PRECIPITATION AB Utah juniper was a foundational species for the discipline of dendrochronology, having been used in the early 20th Century investigations of Mesa Verde, but has been largely ignored by dendrochronologists since. Here we present dendrochronological investigations of Utah juniper core and cross-sectional samples from four sites in northern Utah. We demonstrate that, contrary to the general opinion among many dendrochronologists, Utah juniper exhibits excellent crossdating that is reflective of its sensitivity to climate - a desirable characteristic for dendroclimate reconstruction. Across all four sites the dominant signal for annual ring-width increment occurred during the growing season and was positive for precipitation and negative for temperature. This corroborates ecophysiological studies that highlight Utah juniper's aggressive water-use behavior and desiccation tolerance that together enable survival at extremely negative soil water potentials. This behavior differs from co-occurring Pinus spp. (i.e. P. edulis and P. monophylla) that avoid cavitation at the cost of carbon starvation. We determine that the annual radial increment of Utah juniper rings is particularly responsive to soil moisture availability, and is in fact a useful proxy for hydroclimatic variables such as precipitation, drought, and streamflow. Its geographic distribution spans a large swath of the Interior West, including areas where other more commonly sought-after species for dendrochronology do not occur, and ought to be considered crucial for complementing the rich network of tree-ring chronologies in the western U.S. C1 [Derose, R. Justin] Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. [Bekker, Matthew F.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geog, 690 SWKT, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Kjelgren, Roger] Utah State Univ, Plant Soil & Climate Dept, 4820 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA. [Buckley, Brendan M.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Tree Ring Lab, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA. [Speer, James H.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Syst, 600 Chestnut St, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA. [Allen, Eric B.] US Geol Survey, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. RP Derose, RJ (reprint author), Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest Inventory & Anal, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA. EM rjderose@fs.fed.us FU Wasatch Dendroclimatology Research Group (WADR); Bureau of Reclamation WaterSmart Grant [R13AC80039] FX The Wasatch Dendroclimatology Research Group (WADR) was crucial in funding and guiding this project. Special thanks go to Le Canh Nam, Nguyen Thiet, Justin Britton, Slaton Wheeler, Calli Nielsen and Hannah Gray for their field and lab help in the development of the tree-ring chronologies. This research was funded by a Bureau of Reclamation WaterSmart Grant, no. R13AC80039. We would like to thank Jennefer Parker on the Logan Ranger District of the Uinta-Wasatch-Cache National Forest, Karl Fuelling on the Minidoka Ranger District, Sawtooth National Forest, and Charley Gilmore for permission to sample. This paper was prepared in part by an employee of the US Forest Service as part of official duties and is therefore in the public domain. NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 7 PU TREE-RING SOC PI TUCSON PA UNIV ARIZONA, TREE-RING LABORATORY, BLDG 58, TUCSON, AZ 85721 USA SN 1536-1098 EI 2162-4585 J9 TREE-RING RES JI Tree-Ring Res. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 72 IS 1 BP 1 EP 14 DI 10.3959/1536-1098-72.01.01 PG 14 WC Forestry SC Forestry GA DO1XU UT WOS:000377574300001 ER EF