FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT J
AU Davis, JA
Ross, JRM
Bezalel, S
Sim, L
Bonnema, A
Ichikawa, G
Heim, WA
Schiff, K
Eagles-Smith, CA
Ackerman, JT
AF Davis, J. A.
Ross, J. R. M.
Bezalel, S.
Sim, L.
Bonnema, A.
Ichikawa, G.
Heim, W. A.
Schiff, K.
Eagles-Smith, C. A.
Ackerman, J. T.
TI Hg concentrations in fish from coastal waters of California and Western
North America
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mixed linear model; Marine fish; Western North America synthesis;
Spatial patterns; Long-term trends
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SPORT FISH; MERCURY CONCENTRATIONS; FORAGE FISH;
CONTAMINATION; LAKES; DEPOSITION; PATTERNS; EXPOSURE; REGION
AB The State of California conducted an extensive and systematic survey of mercury (Hg) in fish from the California coast in 2009 and 2010. The California survey sampled 3483 fish representing 46 species at 68 locations, and demonstrated that methylHg in fish presents a widespread exposure risk to fish consumers. Most of the locations sampled (37 of 68) had a species with an average concentration above 0.3 mu g/g wet weight (ww), and 10 locations an average above 1.0 mu g/g ww. The recent and robust dataset from California provided a basis for a broader examination of spatial and temporal patterns in fish Hg in coastal waters of Western North America. There is a striking lack of data in publicly accessible databases on Hg and other contaminants in coastal fish. An assessment of the raw data from these databases suggested the presence of relatively high concentrations along the California coast and in Puget Sound, and relatively low concentrations along the coasts of Alaska and Oregon, and the outer coast of Washington. The dataset suggests that Hg concentrations of public health concern can be observed at any location on the coast of Western North America where long-lived predator species are sampled. Output from a linear mixed-effects model resembled the spatial pattern observed for the raw data and suggested, based on the limited dataset, a lack of trend in fish Hg over the nearly 30-year period covered by the dataset. Expanded and continued monitoring, accompanied by rigorous data management procedures, would be of great value in characterizing methylHg exposure, and tracking changes in contamination of coastal fish in response to possible increases in atmospheric Hg emissions in Asia, climate change, and terrestrial Hg control efforts in coastal watersheds. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Davis, J. A.; Ross, J. R. M.; Bezalel, S.; Sim, L.] San Francisco Estuary Inst, 4911 Cent Ave, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Bonnema, A.; Ichikawa, G.; Heim, W. A.] Marine Pollut Studies Lab, 7544 Sandholdt Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Schiff, K.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd,Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Eagles-Smith, C. A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Ackerman, J. T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Sci Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Davis, JA (reprint author), San Francisco Estuary Inst, 4911 Cent Ave, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
EM jay@sfei.org; johnr@sfei.org; shira@sfei.org; lawrences@sfei.org;
bonnema@mlml.calstate.edu; gichikawa@mlml.calstate.edu;
wheim@mlml.calstate.edu; kens@sccwrp.org; ceagles-smith@usgs.gov;
jackerman@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) [989100-09]; California
State Water Resources Control Board
FX The Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP) bioaccumulation
survey of the California coast was funded by the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency (USEPA) (grant #989100-09) and monitoring fees
collected by the California State Water Resources Control Board for
wastewater discharge permits. Technical oversight of the Coast Survey
was provided by Jim Wiener, Chris Schmitt, Ross Norstrom, Harry
Ohlendorf, and other members of the SWAMP Bioaccumulation Oversight
Group. The Coast Survey was performed in close collaboration with the
Southern California Bight Regional Monitoring Program (www.sccwrp.org)
and the Regional Monitoring Program for Water Quality in San Francisco
Bay (www.sfei.org/rmp).
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SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2016
VL 568
BP 1146
EP 1156
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.093
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU5NK
UT WOS:000382258300116
PM 27067833
ER
PT J
AU Drevnick, PE
Cooke, CA
Barraza, D
Blais, JM
Coale, KH
Cumming, BF
Curtis, CJ
Das, B
Donahue, WF
Eagles-Smith, CA
Engstrom, DR
Fitzgerald, WF
Furl, CV
Gray, JE
Hall, RI
Jackson, TA
Laird, KR
Lockhart, WL
Macdonald, RW
Mast, MA
Mathieu, C
Muir, DCG
Outridge, PM
Reinemann, SA
Rothenberg, SE
Ruiz-Fernandez, AC
St Louis, VL
Sanders, RD
Sanei, H
Skierszkan, EK
Van Metre, PC
Veverica, TJ
Wiklund, JA
Wolfe, BB
AF Drevnick, Paul E.
Cooke, Colin A.
Barraza, Daniella
Blais, Jules M.
Coale, Kenneth H.
Cumming, Brian F.
Curtis, Chris J.
Das, Biplob
Donahue, William F.
Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
Engstrom, Daniel R.
Fitzgerald, William F.
Furl, Chad V.
Gray, John E.
Hall, Roland I.
Jackson, Togwell A.
Laird, Kathleen R.
Lockhart, W. Lyle
Macdonald, Robie W.
Mast, M. Alisa
Mathieu, Callie
Muir, Derek C. G.
Outridge, Peter M.
Reinemann, Scott A.
Rothenberg, Sarah E.
Carolina Ruiz-Fernandez, Ana
St Louis, Vincent L.
Sanders, Rhea D.
Sanei, Hamed
Skierszkan, Elliott K.
Van Metre, Peter C.
Veverica, Timothy J.
Wiklund, Johan A.
Wolfe, Brent B.
TI Spatiotemporal patterns of mercury accumulation in lake sediments of
western North America
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury; Sediment; Lake; Western North America
ID FIRED POWER-PLANT; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; HISTORICAL DEPOSITION;
UNITED-STATES; LACUSTRINE SEDIMENTS; ISOTOPE COMPOSITION; FLIN FLON;
CORES; FLUXES; CANADA
AB For the Western North America Mercury Synthesis, we compiled mercury records from 165 dated sediment cores from 138 natural lakes across western North America. Lake sediments are accepted as faithful recorders of historical mercury accumulation rates, and regional and sub-regional temporal and spatial trends were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. Mercury accumulation rates in sediments have increased, on average, four times (4x) from 1850 to 2000 and continue to increase by approximately 0.2 mu g/m(2) per year. Lakes with the greatest increases were influenced by the Flin Flon smelter, followed by lakes directly affected by mining and wastewater discharges. Of lakes not directly affected by point sources, there is a clear separation in mercury accumulation rates between lakes with no/little watershed development and lakes with extensive watershed development for agricultural and/or residential purposes. Lakes in the latter group exhibited a sharp increase in mercury accumulation rates with human settlement, stabilizing after 1950 at five times (5x) 1850 rates. Mercury accumulation rates in lakes with no/little watershed development were controlled primarily by relative watershed size prior to 1850, and since have exhibited modest increases (in absolute terms and compared to that described above) associated with (regional and global) industrialization. A sub-regional analysis highlighted that in the ecoregion Northwestern Forest Mountains, <1% of mercury deposited to watersheds is delivered to lakes. Research is warranted to understand whether mountainous watersheds act as permanent sinks for mercury or if export of "legacy" mercury (deposited in years past) will delay recovery when/if emissions reductions are achieved. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Drevnick, Paul E.; Veverica, Timothy J.] Univ Michigan, Biol Stn, 9133 Biol Rd, Pellston, MI 49769 USA.
[Drevnick, Paul E.; Barraza, Daniella] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Cooke, Colin A.; Donahue, William F.] Alberta Environm Monitoring Evaluat & Reporting A, 10th Floor,9888 Jasper Ave NW, Edmonton, AB T5J 5C6, Canada.
[Cooke, Colin A.] Univ Alberta, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 1-26 Earth Sci Bldg, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
[Blais, Jules M.; Skierszkan, Elliott K.] Univ Ottawa, Program Chem & Environm Toxicol, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Coale, Kenneth H.; Sanders, Rhea D.] Moss Landing Marine Labs, 8272 Moss Landing Rd, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Cumming, Brian F.; Laird, Kathleen R.] Queens Univ, Paleoecol Environm Assessment & Res Lab, Dept Biol, Biosci Complex, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
[Curtis, Chris J.] UCL, Environm Change Res Ctr, Gower St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[Das, Biplob] Saskatchewan Water Secur Agcy, 420-2365 Albert St, Regina, SK S4P 4K1, Canada.
[Eagles-Smith, Collin A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Engstrom, Daniel R.] Sci Museum Minnesota, St Croix Watershed Res Stn, Marine St Croix, MN 55047 USA.
[Donahue, William F.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Furl, Chad V.; Mathieu, Callie] Washington State Dept Ecol, Environm Assessment Program, POB 47600, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
[Gray, John E.] US Geol Survey, MS 973,Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hall, Roland I.; Wiklund, Johan A.] Univ Waterloo, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Jackson, Togwell A.; Muir, Derek C. G.] Canada Ctr Inland Waters, Aquat Contaminants Res Div, Water Sci & Technol Directorate, Environm & Climate Change Canada, 867 Lakeshore Rd, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
[Lockhart, W. Lyle] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, 501 Univ Crescent, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N6, Canada.
[Macdonald, Robie W.] Inst Ocean Sci, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, POB 6000, Sidney, BC V8L 4B2, Canada.
[Mast, M. Alisa] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, MS 415,Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Outridge, Peter M.] Geol Survey Canada, 601 Booth St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
[Reinemann, Scott A.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Geog, 1036 Derby Hall,154 North Oval Mall, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Rothenberg, Sarah E.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Carolina Ruiz-Fernandez, Ana] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Ciencias Mar & Limnol, Calz Joel Montes Camarena S-N, Mazatlan 82040, Sinaloa, Mexico.
[St Louis, Vincent L.] Univ Alberta, Dept Biol Sci, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.
[Sanei, Hamed] Geol Survey Canada, 3303-33rd St NW, Calgary, AB T2L 2A7, Canada.
[Van Metre, Peter C.] US Geol Survey, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Wolfe, Brent B.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Studies, 75 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
[Curtis, Chris J.] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Geog Archaeol & Environm Studies, Private Bag 3, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa.
[Furl, Chad V.] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.
[Reinemann, Scott A.] Ohio Univ, Dept Geog, 122 Clippinger, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Sanders, Rhea D.] UBC Biodivers Ctr, Hakai Inst, 6270 Univ Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Skierszkan, Elliott K.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Earth Sci Bldg,2020-2207 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
RP Drevnick, PE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Biol Stn, 9133 Biol Rd, Pellston, MI 49769 USA.; Drevnick, PE (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 440 Church St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM drevnick@umich.edu
RI Macdonald, Robie/A-7896-2012; Curtis, Christopher/A-1768-2013;
OI Macdonald, Robie/0000-0002-1141-8520; Curtis,
Christopher/0000-0002-6597-2172; Van Metre, Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
FU John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. Geological
Survey; U.S. EPA Region-10 RARE
FX This work was conducted as part of the Western North American Mercury
Synthesis Working Group supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for
Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the U.S. Geological Survey. U.S. EPA
Region-10 RARE provided funding for GIS layer gathering by EPA
contractors and for GIS support from Michael Tate and Michelle Lutz at
the Wisconsin Water Science Center, U.S. Geological Survey. Chris
Eckley, U.S. EPA Region 10, provided data from the Western Airborne
Contaminants Assessment Project. Benjamin Barst, INRS-ETE, helped
compile data. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2016
VL 568
BP 1157
EP 1170
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.167
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU5NK
UT WOS:000382258300117
PM 27102272
ER
PT J
AU Eagles-Smith, CA
Ackerman, JT
Willacker, JJ
Tate, MT
Lutz, MA
Fleck, JA
Stewart, AR
Wiener, JG
Evers, DC
Lepak, JM
Davis, JA
Pritz, CF
AF Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
Ackerman, Joshua T.
Willacker, James J.
Tate, Michael T.
Lutz, Michelle A.
Fleck, Jacob A.
Stewart, A. Robin
Wiener, James G.
Evers, David C.
Lepak, Jesse M.
Davis, Jay A.
Pritz, Colleen Flanagan
TI Spatial and temporal patterns of mercury concentrations in freshwater
fish across the Western United States and Canada
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioaccumulation; Landscape; Methylmercury; Hotspot; Habitat; Guild
ID GREAT-LAKES REGION; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON;
FOOD-WEB; PISCIVOROUS FISH; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION; ATMOSPHERIC
MERCURY; ECOLOGICAL RISK; SPORT FISH; BIOACCUMULATION
AB Methylmercury contamination of fish is a global threat to environmental health. Mercury (Hg) monitoring programs are valuable for generating data that can be compiled for spatially broad syntheses to identify emergent ecosystem properties that influence fish Hg bioaccumulation. Fish total Hg (THg) concentrations were evaluated across the Western United States (US) and Canada, a region defined by extreme gradients in habitat structure and water management. A database was compiled with THg concentrations in 96,310 fish that comprised 206 species from 4262 locations, and used to evaluate the spatial distribution of fish THg across the region and effects of species, foraging guilds, habitats, and ecoregions. Areas of elevated THg exposure were identified by developing a relativized estimate of fish mercury concentrations at a watershed scale that accounted for the variability associated with fish species, fish size, and site effects. THg concentrations in fish muscle ranged between 0.001 and 28.4 (mu g/g wet weight (ww)) with a geometric mean of 0.17. Overall, 30% of individual fish samples and 17% of means by location exceeded the 0.30 mu g/g ww US EPA fish tissue criterion. Fish THg concentrations differed among habitat types, with riverine habitats consistently higher than lacustrine habitats. Importantly, fish THg concentrations were not correlated with sediment THg concentrations at a watershed scale, but were weakly correlated with sediment MeHg concentrations, suggesting that factors influencing MeHg production may be more important than inorganic Hg loading for determining fish MeHg exposure. There was large heterogeneity in fish THg concentrations across the landscape; THg concentrations were generally higher in semi-arid and arid regions such as the Great Basin and Desert Southwest, than in temperate forests. Results suggest that fish mercury exposure is widespread throughout Western US and Canada, and that species, habitat type, and region play an important role in influencing ecological risk of mercury in aquatic ecosystems. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Eagles-Smith, Collin A.; Willacker, James J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Ackerman, Joshua T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Tate, Michael T.; Lutz, Michelle A.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Fleck, Jacob A.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Stewart, A. Robin] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wiener, James G.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, 1725 State St, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Evers, David C.] Biodivers Res Inst, 276 Canco Rd, Portland, ME 04103 USA.
[Lepak, Jesse M.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Davis, Jay A.] San Francisco Estuary Inst, 4911 Cent Ave, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Pritz, Colleen Flanagan] Natl Pk Serv Air Resources Div, POB 25287, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Eagles-Smith, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ceagles-smith@usgs.gov
OI Willacker, James/0000-0002-6286-5224
FU John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. Geological
Survey; U.S. Geological Survey Contaminant Biology Program; National
Park Service Air Resources Division; US EPA Region 10 RARE Program
FX This work was conducted as part of the Western North America Mercury
Synthesis Working Group Supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for
Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, with
additional support from the U.S. Geological Survey Contaminant Biology
Program, National Park Service Air Resources Division, and US EPA Region
10 RARE Program. We appreciate the efforts of Kiira Siitari, Branden
Johnson, Madeline Turnquist, and Clifton Dassuncao for database
compilation and coordination. We thank the Government of Canada - Clean
Air Regulatory Agenda - Mercury Science Program and Linda Campbell, Neil
Burgess, and David Depew for providing data from Canadian sites. We also
thank David Walters and three anonymous reviewers for insights that
improved this manuscript, and Mae Gustin for her oversight and editing
of the compilation of manuscripts associated with the Western North
America Mercury Synthesis. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2016
VL 568
BP 1171
EP 1184
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.229
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU5NK
UT WOS:000382258300118
PM 27102274
ER
PT J
AU Donovan, PM
Blum, JD
Singer, MB
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Tsui, MTK
AF Donovan, Patrick M.
Blum, Joel D.
Singer, Michael Bliss
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Tsui, Martin T. K.
TI Methylmercury degradation and exposure pathways in streams and wetlands
impacted by historical mining
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mercury stable isotopes; Cache Creek; Yolo Bypass; Sediment; Benthic
macroinvertebrates
ID MERCURY ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; INORGANIC MERCURY; TROPHIC TRANSFER; YOLO
BYPASS; FOOD WEBS; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA;
MINERAL-DEPOSITS; METHYL-MERCURY; MARINE FISH
AB Monomethyl mercury (MMHg) and total mercury (THg) concentrations and Hg stable isotope ratios (delta Hg-202 and Delta Hg-199) were measured in sediment and aquatic organisms from Cache Creek (California Coast Range) and Yolo Bypass (Sacramento Valley). Cache Creek sediment had a large range in THg (87 to 3870 ng/g) and delta Hg-202 (-1.69 to -0.20 parts per thousand) reflecting the heterogeneity of Hg mining sources in sediment. The delta Hg-202 of Yolo Bypass wetland sediment suggests a mixture of high and low THg sediment sources. Relationships between %MMHg (the percent ratio of MMHg to THg) and Hg isotope values (delta Hg-202 and Delta Hg-199) in fish and macroinvertebrates were used to identify and estimate the isotopic composition of MMHg. Deviation from linear relationships was found between %MMHg and Hg isotope values, which is indicative of the bioaccumulation of isotopically distinct pools of MMHg. The isotopic composition of pre-photodegraded MMHg (i.e., subtracting fractionation from photochemical reactions) was estimated and contrasting relationships were observed between the estimated delta Hg-202 of pre-photodegraded MMHg and sediment IHg. Cache Creek had mass dependent fractionation (MDF; delta Hg-202) of at least-0.4 parts per thousand whereas Yolo Bypass had MDF of +0.2 to +0.5 parts per thousand. This result supports the hypothesis that Hg isotope fractionation between IHg and MMHg observed in rivers (-MDF) is unique compared to +MDF observed in non-flowing water environments such as wetlands, lakes, and the coastal ocean. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Donovan, Patrick M.; Blum, Joel D.] Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 1100 N,Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Singer, Michael Bliss] Univ St Andrews, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, North St, St Andrews KY16 9AL, Fife, Scotland.
[Singer, Michael Bliss] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Earth Res Inst, Santa Barbara, CA 91306 USA.
[Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Tsui, Martin T. K.] Univ North Carolina Greensboro, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA.
RP Donovan, PM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 1100 N,Univ Ave, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM pmdon@umich.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1226741, EAR-1225630]
FX We thank Marcus Johnson (UM-BEIGL) for expert assistance with the
operation of the CV-MC-ICP-MS; Tyler Nakamura and Ka'ai Jensen (SJSU)
for their help with field sampling: and Evangelos Kakouros, Le Kieu and
Michelle Arias (USGS, Menlo Park, CA) for THg and MMHg analyses. We
acknowledge financial support from the National Science Foundation:
EAR-1226741 (to M.B.S.) and EAR-1225630 (to J.D.B.).
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SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2016
VL 568
BP 1192
EP 1203
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.139
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU5NK
UT WOS:000382258300120
PM 27234290
ER
PT J
AU Eagles-Smith, CA
Wiener, JG
Eckley, CS
Willacker, JJ
Evers, DC
Marvin-DiPasquale, M
Obrist, D
Fleck, JA
Aiken, GR
Lepak, JM
Jackson, AK
Webster, JP
Stewart, AR
Davis, JA
Alpers, CN
Ackerman, JT
AF Eagles-Smith, Collin A.
Wiener, James G.
Eckley, Chris S.
Willacker, James J.
Evers, David C.
Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark
Obrist, Daniel
Fleck, Jacob A.
Aiken, George R.
Lepak, Jesse M.
Jackson, Allyson K.
Webster, Jackson P.
Stewart, A. Robin
Davis, Jay A.
Alpers, Charles N.
Ackerman, Joshua T.
TI Mercury in western North America: A synthesis of environmental
contamination, fluxes, bioaccumulation, and risk to fish and wildlife
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Legacy mining; Atmospheric deposition; Birds; Bioaccumulation;
Landscape; Methylmercury exposure; Risk; Bigeochemistry
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; GREAT-LAKES REGION;
ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; FRESH-WATER; METHYLMERCURY PRODUCTION;
METHYL-MERCURY; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; PISCIVOROUS FISH; CLIMATE-CHANGE
AB Western North America is a region defined by extreme gradients in geomorphology and climate, which support a diverse array of ecological communities and natural resources. The region also has extreme gradients in mercury (Hg) contamination due to a broad distribution of inorganic Hg sources. These diverse Hg sources and a varied landscape create a unique and complex mosaic of ecological risk from Hg impairment associated with differential methylmercury (MeHg) production and bioaccumulation. Understanding the landscape-scale variation in the magnitude and relative importance of processes associated with Hg transport, methylation, and MeHg bioaccumulation requires a multidisciplinary synthesis that transcends small-scale variability. The Western North America Mercury Synthesis compiled, analyzed, and interpreted spatial and temporal patterns and drivers of Hg and MeHg in air, soil, vegetation, sediments, fish, and wildlife across western North America. This collaboration evaluated the potential risk from Hg to fish, and wildlife health, human exposure, and examined resource management activities that influenced the risk of Hg contamination. This paper integrates the key information presented across the individual papers that comprise the synthesis. The compiled information indicates that Hg contamination is widespread, but heterogeneous, across western North America. The storage and transport of inorganic Hg across landscape gradients are largely regulated by climate and land-cover factors such as plant productivity and precipitation. Importantly, there was a striking lack of concordance between pools and sources of inorganic Hg, and MeHg in aquatic food webs. Additionally, water management had a widespread influence on MeHg bioaccumulation in aquatic ecosystems, whereas mining impacts where relatively localized. These results highlight the decoupling of inorganic Hg sources with MeHg production and bioaccumulation. Together the findings indicate that developing efforts to control MeHg production in the West may be particularly beneficial for reducing food web exposure instead of efforts to simply control inorganic Hg sources. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Eagles-Smith, Collin A.; Willacker, James J.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Wiener, James G.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, 1725 State St, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Eckley, Chris S.] US EPA, Reg 10,2100 6th Ave,Suite 900, Seattle, WA 98101 USA.
[Evers, David C.] Biodivers Res Inst, 276 Canco Rd, Portland, ME 04103 USA.
[Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark; Stewart, A. Robin] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Obrist, Daniel] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Fleck, Jacob A.; Alpers, Charles N.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 3215 Marine St, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Lepak, Jesse M.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, 317 West Prospect Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Jackson, Allyson K.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 104 Nash Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Webster, Jackson P.] Univ Colorado, Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Davis, Jay A.] San Francisco Estuary Inst, 4911 Cent Ave, Richmond, CA 94804 USA.
[Ackerman, Joshua T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Eagles-Smith, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 3200 SW Jefferson Way, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ceagles-smith@usgs.gov
OI Marvin-DiPasquale, Mark/0000-0002-8186-9167; Willacker,
James/0000-0002-6286-5224
FU John Wesley Powell Center for Analysis and Synthesis; U.S. Geological
Survey; U.S. Geological Survey Contaminant Biology Program; National
Park Service Air Resources Division; US EPA Region 10 RARE Program
FX This work was conducted as part of the Western North America Mercury
Synthesis working group supported by the John Wesley Powell Center for
Analysis and Synthesis, funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, with
additional support from the U.S. Geological Survey Contaminant Biology
Program, National Park Service Air Resources Division, and US EPA Region
10 RARE Program. We are thankful to all the participants of the Powell
Center workshops for their intellectual support, and to the countless
members of the research community that expressed an interest and
contributed to this effort. We are also appreciative for the efforts of
Mike Tate and Michelle Lutz for GIS analysis, and David Krabbenhoft and
Mae Gustin for helpful reviews. Any use of trade, product, or firm names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 156
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 73
U2 73
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2016
VL 568
BP 1213
EP 1226
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.094
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU5NK
UT WOS:000382258300122
PM 27320732
ER
PT J
AU Lycett, SJ
Bodewes, R
Pohlmann, A
Banks, J
Banyai, K
Boni, MF
Bouwstra, R
Breed, AC
Brown, IH
Chen, HL
Dan, A
DeLiberto, TJ
Diep, N
Gilbert, M
Hill, S
Ip, HS
Ke, CW
Kida, H
Killian, ML
Koopmans, MP
Kwon, JH
Lee, DH
Lee, YJ
Lu, L
Monne, I
Pasick, J
Pybus, OG
Rambaut, A
Robinson, TP
Sakoda, Y
Zohari, S
Song, CS
Swayne, DE
Torchetti, MK
Tsai, HJ
Fouchier, RAM
Beer, M
Woolhouse, M
Kuiken, T
AF Lycett, Samantha J.
Bodewes, Rogier
Pohlmann, Anne
Banks, Jill
Banyai, Krisztian
Boni, Maciej F.
Bouwstra, Ruth
Breed, Andrew C.
Brown, Ian H.
Chen, Hualan
Dan, Adam
DeLiberto, Thomas J.
Diep, Nguyen
Gilbert, Marius
Hill, Sarah
Ip, Hon S.
Ke, Chang Wen
Kida, Hiroshi
Killian, Mary Lea
Koopmans, Marion P.
Kwon, Jung-Hoon
Lee, Dong-Hun
Lee, Youn Jeong
Lu, Lu
Monne, Isabella
Pasick, John
Pybus, Oliver G.
Rambaut, Andrew
Robinson, Timothy P.
Sakoda, Yoshihiro
Zohari, Siamak
Song, Chang-Seon
Swayne, David E.
Torchetti, Mia Kim
Tsai, Hsiang-Jung
Fouchier, Ron A. M.
Beer, Martin
Woolhouse, Mark
Kuiken, Thijs
CA Global Consortium H5N8 Related
TI Role for migratory wild birds in the global spread of avian influenza
H5N8
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID VIRUSES
AB Avian influenza viruses affect both poultry production and public health. A subtype H5N8 (clade 2.3.4.4) virus, following an outbreak in poultry in South Korea in January 2014, rapidly spread worldwide in 2014-2015. Our analysis of H5N8 viral sequences, epidemiological investigations, waterfowl migration, and poultry trade showed that long-distance migratory birds can play a major role in the global spread of avian influenza viruses. Further, we found that the hemagglutinin of clade 2.3.4.4 virus was remarkably promiscuous, creating reassortants with multiple neuraminidase subtypes. Improving our understanding of the circumpolar circulation of avian influenza viruses in migratory waterfowl will help to provide early warning of threats from avian influenza to poultry, and potentially human, health.
C1 [Lycett, Samantha J.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Roslin EH25 9RG, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Bodewes, Rogier] Univ Utrecht, Fac Vet Med, Dept Farm Anim Hlth, NL-3584 CL Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Pohlmann, Anne; Beer, Martin] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Inst Diagnost Virol, D-17493 Greifswald, Germany.
[Banks, Jill; Brown, Ian H.] Anim & Plant Hlth Agcy, Virol Dept, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England.
[Banyai, Krisztian] Hungarian Acad Sci, Agr Res Ctr, Inst Vet Med Res, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary.
[Boni, Maciej F.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX3 7FZ, England.
[Boni, Maciej F.; Diep, Nguyen] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Wellcome Trust Major Overseas Programme, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
[Bouwstra, Ruth] Wageningen Univ & Res Ctr, Cent Vet Inst, Dept Virol, NL-8221 RA Lelystad, Netherlands.
[Bouwstra, Ruth] Anim Hlth Serv, NL-7400 AA Deventer, Netherlands.
[Breed, Andrew C.] Anim & Plant Hlth Agcy, Dept Epidemiol Sci, Woodham Lane, Addlestone KT15 3NB, Surrey, England.
[Chen, Hualan] Chinese Acad Agr Sci, Harbin Vet Res Inst, Harbin 150001, Peoples R China.
[Dan, Adam] Natl Food Chain Safety Off, Vet Diagnost Directorate, H-1149 Budapest, Hungary.
[DeLiberto, Thomas J.] Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Gilbert, Marius] Univ Libre Bruxelles, Spatial Epidemiol Lab SpELL, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium.
[Gilbert, Marius] Fonds Natl Rech Sci, B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
[Hill, Sarah; Pybus, Oliver G.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England.
[Ip, Hon S.] US Geol Survey, Wildlife Dis Diagnost Labs Branch, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Ke, Chang Wen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Guangdong Prov, Inst Microbiol, Guangzhou 511430, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Kida, Hiroshi] Hokkaido Univ, Res Ctr Zoonosis Control, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0010020, Japan.
[Killian, Mary Lea; Torchetti, Mia Kim] Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Koopmans, Marion P.; Fouchier, Ron A. M.; Kuiken, Thijs] Erasmus Univ, Dept Virosci, Med Ctr, NL-3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands.
[Kwon, Jung-Hoon; Song, Chang-Seon] Konkuk Univ, Coll Vet Med, Avian Dis Lab, Seoul 143701, South Korea.
[Lee, Dong-Hun; Swayne, David E.] USDA, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Lee, Youn Jeong] Anim & Plant Quarantine Agcy, Avian Dis Div, Gimcheon, South Korea.
[Lu, Lu; Rambaut, Andrew; Woolhouse, Mark] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Immun Infect & Evolut, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Monne, Isabella] Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Venezie, Res & Innovat Dept, I-1035020 Padua, Italy.
[Pasick, John] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Natl Ctr Foreign Anim Dis, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3M4, Canada.
[Pasick, John] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Guelph, ON N1G 4S9, Canada.
[Robinson, Timothy P.] Int Livestock Res Inst ILRI, Livestock Syst & Environm LSE, POB 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya.
[Sakoda, Yoshihiro] Hokkaido Univ, Grad Sch Vet Med, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0600818, Japan.
[Zohari, Siamak] Natl Vet Inst, Dept Virol Immunobiol & Parasitol, SE-75189 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Tsai, Hsiang-Jung] Council Agr, Anim Hlth Res Inst, New Taipei 25158, Taiwan.
RP Kuiken, T (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Dept Virosci, Med Ctr, NL-3015 CN Rotterdam, Netherlands.
EM t.kuiken@erasmusmc.nl
RI Brown, Ian/E-1119-2011; Dan, Adam/G-6018-2012;
OI Dan, Adam/0000-0001-7849-7721; Hill, Sarah/0000-0002-2995-2596; Lycett,
Samantha/0000-0003-3159-596X; Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772;
Zohari, Siamak/0000-0002-0017-4233
FU European Commission [643476]; European Commission FP7 program [278433];
U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area; National Institutes of
Health [1R01AI101028-02A1]; United Kingdom Research Council
Environmental and Social Ecology of Human Infectious Diseases UrbanZoo
program [G1100783/1]; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research
Council (BBSRC) Zoonoses in Livestock in Kenya ZooLinK programs
[BB/L019019/1]; CGIAR Research Programme on Agriculture for Nutrition
and Health (A4NH); Canadian Food Inspection Agency; Hungarian Academy of
Sciences Lendulet (Momentum) program; Wellcome Trust [093724/B/10/Z];
University of Edinburgh Chancellor's Fellowship scheme; Roslin Institute
BBSRC strategic program [BB/J004227/1]; Centre of Expertise in Animal
Disease Outbreaks (EPIC)
FX This study was financially supported by the European Commission H2020
program under contract number 643476 (www.compare-europe.eu) (to A.P.,
J.B., A.B., I.B., M.P.K., A.R., R.A.M.F., M.B., M.W., and T.K.),
European Commission FP7 program under contract number 278433 (PREDEMICS)
(to A.R.), the U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area (to
H.S.I.), National Institutes of Health grant number 1R01AI101028-02A1
(to M.G.), United Kingdom Research Council Environmental and Social
Ecology of Human Infectious Diseases UrbanZoo program (G1100783/1),
Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) Zoonoses
in Livestock in Kenya ZooLinK (BB/L019019/1) programs (to T.P.R. and
M.W.), CGIAR Research Programme on Agriculture for Nutrition and Health
(A4NH) (to T.P.R.), Canadian Food Inspection Agency (to J.P.), Hungarian
Academy of Sciences Lendulet (Momentum) program (to K.B.) and the
Wellcome Trust (grant number 093724/B/10/Z) (to M.W. and A.R.). S.J.L.
is supported by the University of Edinburgh Chancellor's Fellowship
scheme, the Roslin Institute BBSRC strategic program grant
(BB/J004227/1), and the Centre of Expertise in Animal Disease Outbreaks
(EPIC). We gratefully acknowledge the originating laboratories, where
specimens were first obtained, and the submitting laboratories, where
sequence data were generated and submitted to the EpiFlu Database of the
Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data (GISAID), on which this
research is based. All contributors of data may be contacted directly
via the GISAID website (http://platform.gisaid.org). The accession
numbers (GenBank, GISAID, and/or workset identification numbers) of all
genetic sequences used in this study are provided in table S9 and are
accessible from the website of GISAID (http://platform.gisaid.org). We
acknowledge Y. Berhane and T. Hisanaga for sequencing the Canadian virus
isolates and G. Koch for his technical advice on the poultry outbreaks
in the Netherlands. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and interpretation, or the decision to submit the work for
publication. Any use of trade products or firm names is for descriptive
purposes and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 22
U2 22
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD OCT 14
PY 2016
VL 354
IS 6309
BP 213
EP 217
DI 10.1126/science.aaf8852
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA EC0UN
UT WOS:000387816500041
ER
PT J
AU Liang, JJ
Crowther, TW
Picard, N
Wiser, S
Zhou, M
Alberti, G
Schulze, ED
McGuire, AD
Bozzato, F
Pretzsch, H
de-Miguel, S
Paquette, A
Herault, B
Scherer-Lorenzen, M
Barrett, CB
Glick, HB
Hengeveld, GM
Nabuurs, GJ
Pfautsch, S
Viana, H
Vibrans, AC
Ammer, C
Schall, P
Verbyla, D
Tchebakova, N
Fischer, M
Watson, JV
Chen, HYH
Lei, XD
Schelhaas, MJ
Lu, HC
Gianelle, D
Parfenova, EI
Salas, C
Lee, E
Lee, B
Kim, HS
Bruelheide, H
Coomes, DA
Piotto, D
Sunderland, T
Schmid, B
Gourlet-Fleury, S
Sonke, B
Tavani, R
Zhu, J
Brandl, S
Vayreda, J
Kitahara, F
Searle, EB
Neldner, VJ
Ngugi, MR
Baraloto, C
Frizzera, L
Balazy, R
Oleksyn, J
Zawila-Niedzwiecki, T
Bouriaud, O
Bussotti, F
Finer, L
Jaroszewicz, B
Jucker, T
Valladares, F
Jagodzinski, AM
Peri, PL
Gonmadje, C
Marthy, W
O'Brien, T
Martin, EH
Marshall, AR
Rovero, F
Bitariho, R
Niklaus, PA
Alvarez-Loayza, P
Chamuya, N
Valencia, R
Mortier, F
Wortel, V
Engone-Obiang, NL
Ferreira, LV
Odeke, DE
Vasquez, RM
Lewis, SL
Reich, PB
AF Liang, Jingjing
Crowther, Thomas W.
Picard, Nicolas
Wiser, Susan
Zhou, Mo
Alberti, Giorgio
Schulze, Ernst-Detlef
McGuire, A. David
Bozzato, Fabio
Pretzsch, Hans
de-Miguel, Sergio
Paquette, Alain
Herault, Bruno
Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael
Barrett, Christopher B.
Glick, Henry B.
Hengeveld, Geerten M.
Nabuurs, Gert-Jan
Pfautsch, Sebastian
Viana, Helder
Vibrans, Alexander C.
Ammer, Christian
Schall, Peter
Verbyla, David
Tchebakova, Nadja
Fischer, Markus
Watson, James V.
Chen, Han Y. H.
Lei, Xiangdong
Schelhaas, Mart-Jan
Lu, Huicui
Gianelle, Damiano
Parfenova, Elena I.
Salas, Christian
Lee, Eungul
Lee, Boknam
Kim, Hyun Seok
Bruelheide, Helge
Coomes, David A.
Piotto, Daniel
Sunderland, Terry
Schmid, Bernhard
Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie
Sonke, Bonaventure
Tavani, Rebecca
Zhu, Jun
Brandl, Susanne
Vayreda, Jordi
Kitahara, Fumiaki
Searle, Eric B.
Neldner, Victor J.
Ngugi, Michael R.
Baraloto, Christopher
Frizzera, Lorenzo
Balazy, Radomir
Oleksyn, Jacek
Zawila-Niedzwiecki, Tomasz
Bouriaud, Olivier
Bussotti, Filippo
Finer, Leena
Jaroszewicz, Bogdan
Jucker, Tommaso
Valladares, Fernando
Jagodzinski, Andrzej M.
Peri, Pablo L.
Gonmadje, Christelle
Marthy, William
O'Brien, Timothy
Martin, Emanuel H.
Marshall, Andrew R.
Rovero, Francesco
Bitariho, Robert
Niklaus, Pascal A.
Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia
Chamuya, Nurdin
Valencia, Renato
Mortier, Frederic
Wortel, Verginia
Engone-Obiang, Nestor L.
Ferreira, Leandro V.
Odeke, David E.
Vasquez, Rodolfo M.
Lewis, Simon L.
Reich, Peter B.
TI Positive biodiversity-productivity relationship predominant in global
forests
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID PLANT-SPECIES RICHNESS; ECOSYSTEM PRODUCTIVITY; TREE PRODUCTIVITY;
EUROPEAN BEECH; PURE STANDS; CONSERVATION; DIVERSITY; POVERTY; SCALE;
MULTIFUNCTIONALITY
AB The biodiversity-productivity relationship (BPR) is foundational to our understanding of the global extinction crisis and its impacts on ecosystem functioning. Understanding BPR is critical for the accurate valuation and effective conservation of biodiversity. Using ground-sourced data from 777,126 permanent plots, spanning 44 countries and most terrestrial biomes, we reveal a globally consistent positive concave-down BPR, showing that continued biodiversity loss would result in an accelerating decline in forest productivity worldwide. The value of biodiversity in maintaining commercial forest productivity alone-US$166 billion to 490 billion per year according to our estimation-is more than twice what it would cost to implement effective global conservation. This highlights the need for a worldwide reassessment of biodiversity values, forest management strategies, and conservation priorities.
C1 [Liang, Jingjing; Zhou, Mo; Watson, James V.] West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
[Crowther, Thomas W.] Netherlands Inst Ecol, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Crowther, Thomas W.; Glick, Henry B.] Yale Univ, Yale Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 195 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
[Picard, Nicolas] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Forestry Dept, Rome, Italy.
[Wiser, Susan] Landcare Res, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand.
[Alberti, Giorgio] Univ Udine, Dept Agri Food Anim & Environm Sci, Via Sci 206, I-33100 Udine, Italy.
[Schulze, Ernst-Detlef] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Hans Knoell Str 10, D-07745 Jena, Germany.
[McGuire, A. David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Bozzato, Fabio] Italcementi Grp, Architecture & Environm Dept, I-24100 Bergamo, Italy.
[Pretzsch, Hans; Brandl, Susanne] TUM, Sch Life Sci Weihenstephan, Inst Forest Growth & Yield Sci, Hans Carl von Carlowitz Pl 2, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.
[de-Miguel, Sergio] Univ Lleida, Dept Prod Vegetal & Ciencia Forestal, UdL Agrotecnio, Agrotecnio Ctr, Avinguda Rovira Roure 191, E-25198 Lleida, Spain.
[de-Miguel, Sergio] CTFC, Carretera De St Llorenc Morunys,Km 2, E-25280 Solsona, Spain.
[Paquette, Alain] Univ Quebec, CEF, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada.
[Herault, Bruno] Univ Guyane, Univ Antilles,AgroParisTech, UMR Joint Res Unit Ecol Guianan Forests EcoFoG, Ctr Cooperat Int Rech Agron Dev CIRAD,INRA,CNRS, Kourou, French Guiana.
[Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael] Univ Freiburg, Fac Biol, Geobot, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.
[Barrett, Christopher B.] Cornell Univ, Charles H Dyson Sch Appl Econ & Management, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Hengeveld, Geerten M.; Nabuurs, Gert-Jan; Schelhaas, Mart-Jan] Wageningen Univ & Res Alterra, Team Vegetat Forest & Landscape Ecol, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Hengeveld, Geerten M.] Wageningen Univ & Res, Forest & Nat Conservat Policy Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Nabuurs, Gert-Jan; Lu, Huicui] Wageningen Univ, Forest Ecol & Forest Management Grp, NL-6700 AA Wageningen Ur, Netherlands.
[Pfautsch, Sebastian; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Western Sydney, Hawkesbury Inst Environm, Richmond, NSW 2753, Australia.
[Viana, Helder] Polytech Inst Viseu, ESAV, DEAS, Ctr Studies Educ Technol & Hlth CI&DETS Res Ctr, Viseu, Portugal.
[Viana, Helder] Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro UTAD, Ctr Res & Technol Agroenvironm & Biol Sci, CITAB, P-5000801 Quinta De Prados, Vila Real, Portugal.
[Vibrans, Alexander C.] Univ Reg Blumenau, Dept Engn Florestal, Rua Sao Paulo 3250, BR-89030000 Blumenau, SC, Brazil.
[Ammer, Christian; Schall, Peter] Georg August Univ Gottingen, Dept Silviculture & Forest Ecol Temperate Zones, Busgenweg 1, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[Verbyla, David] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Nat Resources & Extens, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Tchebakova, Nadja; Parfenova, Elena I.] Russian Acad Sci, Siberian Branch, VN Sukachev Inst Forests, Academgorodok 50-28, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia.
[Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Bot Garden, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland.
[Fischer, Markus] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, CH-3013 Bern, Switzerland.
[Fischer, Markus] Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr BIK F, Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Chen, Han Y. H.; Searle, Eric B.] Lakehead Univ, Fac Nat Resources Management, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada.
[Lei, Xiangdong] Chinese Acad Forestry, Res Inst Forest Resource Informat Tech, Beijing 100091, Peoples R China.
[Gianelle, Damiano; Frizzera, Lorenzo] Fdn Edmund, Res & Innovat Ctr, Sustainable Agroecosyst & Bioresources Dept, Via E Mach 1, I-38010 San Michele All Adige, TN, Italy.
[Gianelle, Damiano] Fdn Edmund Mach Initiat, Foxlab Joint CNR, Via E Mach 1, I-38010 Adige, TN, Italy.
[Salas, Christian] Univ La Frontera, Dept Ciencias Forestales, Temuco, Chile.
[Lee, Eungul] West Virginia Univ, Dept Geol & Geog, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Lee, Boknam; Kim, Hyun Seok] Seoul Natl Univ, Res Inst Agr & Life Sci, Seoul, South Korea.
[Kim, Hyun Seok] Seoul Natl Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Seoul 151921, South Korea.
[Kim, Hyun Seok] Seoul Natl Univ, Interdisciplinary Program Agr & Forest Meteorol, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
[Kim, Hyun Seok] Seoul Natl Univ, Natl Ctr AgroMeteorol, Seoul 151744, South Korea.
[Bruelheide, Helge] Martin Luther Univ Halle Wittenberg, Inst Biol Geobot & Bot Garden, Kirchtor 1, D-06108 Halle, Saale, Germany.
[Bruelheide, Helge] German Ctr Integrat Biodivers Res iDiv, Deutsch Pl 5e, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany.
[Coomes, David A.; Jucker, Tommaso] Univ Cambridge, Dept Plant Sci, Forest Ecol & Conservat, Cambridge CB2 3EA, England.
[Piotto, Daniel] Univ Fed Sul Bahia, BR-45613204 Ferradas, Itabuna, Brazil.
[Sunderland, Terry] Ctr Int Forestry Res, Sustainable Landscapes & Food Syst, Bogor, Indonesia.
[Sunderland, Terry] James Cook Univ, Sch Marine & Environm Studies, Townsville, Qld, Australia.
[Schmid, Bernhard; Niklaus, Pascal A.] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Gourlet-Fleury, Sylvie; Mortier, Frederic] UPR F&S Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France.
[Sonke, Bonaventure] Univ Yaounde I, Dept Biol, Higher Teachers Training Coll, Plant Systemat & Ecol Lab, POB 047, Yaounde, Cameroon.
[Tavani, Rebecca] Food & Agr Org United Nations, Dept Forestry, I-00153 Rome, Italy.
[Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Stat, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Zhu, Jun] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Entomol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Brandl, Susanne] Bavarian State Inst Forestry, Hans Carl von Carlowitz Pl 1, D-85354 Freising Weihenstephan, Germany.
[Vayreda, Jordi] Ctr Ecol Res & Forestry Applicat CREAF, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain.
[Vayreda, Jordi] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, Cerdanyola Del Valles 08193, Spain.
[Kitahara, Fumiaki] Forestry & Forest Prod Res Inst, Shikoku Res Ctr, Kochi 7808077, Japan.
[Neldner, Victor J.; Ngugi, Michael R.] Queensland Govt, Dept Sci Informat Technol & Innovat, Ecol Sci Unit, Queensland Herbarium, Toowong, Qld 4066, Australia.
[Baraloto, Christopher] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Int Ctr Trop Bot, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Baraloto, Christopher] INRA, UMR EcoFoG, Kourou, French Guiana.
[Balazy, Radomir] Forest Res Inst, Sekocin Stary Braci Lesnej 3 St, PL-05090 Raszyn, Poland.
[Oleksyn, Jacek; Jagodzinski, Andrzej M.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Dendrol, Parkowa 5, PL-62035 Kornik, Poland.
[Oleksyn, Jacek; Reich, Peter B.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Zawila-Niedzwiecki, Tomasz] Warsaw Univ Life Sci SGGW, Fac Forestry, Ul Nowoursynowska 159, PL-02776 Warsaw, Poland.
[Zawila-Niedzwiecki, Tomasz] Polish State Forests, Ul Grojecka 127, PL-02124 Warsaw, Poland.
[Bouriaud, Olivier] Univ Stefan Cel Mare Suceava, Forestry Fac, 13 Str Univ, Suceava 720229, Romania.
[Bouriaud, Olivier] Inst Natl Cercetare Dezvoltare Silvicultura, 128 Bd Eroilor, Voluntari 077190, Romania.
[Bussotti, Filippo] Univ Florence, Dept Agri Food Prod & Environm Sci, Ple Cascine 28, I-51044 Florence, Italy.
[Finer, Leena] Nat Resources Inst Finland, Joensuu 80101, Finland.
[Jaroszewicz, Bogdan] Univ Warsaw, Bialowieza Geobot Stn, Fac Biol, Sportowa 19, PL-17230 Bialowieza, Poland.
[Valladares, Fernando] CSIC, Museo Nacl Ciencias Nat, Serrano 115 Dpdo, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.
[Valladares, Fernando] Univ Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
[Jagodzinski, Andrzej M.] Poznan Univ Life Sci, Dept Game Management & Forest Protect, Wojska Polskiego 71c, PL-60625 Poznan, Poland.
[Peri, Pablo L.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn CONICET, Rivadavia 1917, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Peri, Pablo L.] INTA, Estn Expt Agr EEA Santa Cruz, Mahatma Ghandi 1322, RA-9400 Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina.
[Peri, Pablo L.] UNPA, Lisandro Torre 1070, RA-9400 Rio Gallegos, Santa Cruz, Argentina.
[Gonmadje, Christelle] Univ Yaounde I, Fac Sci, Dept Plant Ecol, POB 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
[Gonmadje, Christelle] Natl Herbarium, POB 1601, Yaounde, Cameroon.
[Marthy, William; O'Brien, Timothy] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY 10460 USA.
[Martin, Emanuel H.] Coll African Wildlife Management, Dept Wildlife Management, POB 3031, Moshi, Tanzania.
[Marshall, Andrew R.] Univ York, Dept Environm, York YO10 5NG, N Yorkshire, England.
[Marshall, Andrew R.] Flamingo Land, Malton YO10 6UX, N Yorkshire, England.
[Rovero, Francesco] MUSE Museo Sci, Trop Biodivers Sect, Trento, Italy.
[Bitariho, Robert] Inst Trop Forest Conservat, Kabale, Uganda.
[Alvarez-Loayza, Patricia] Ctr Trop Conservat, Durham, NC 27705 USA.
[Chamuya, Nurdin] Minist Nat Resources & Tourism, Forestry & Beekeeping Div, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania.
[Valencia, Renato] Pontificia Univ Catolica Ecuador, Escuela Ciencias Biol, Apartado 1701-2184, Quito, Ecuador.
[Wortel, Verginia] Ctr Agr Res Suriname CELOS, Forest Management Dept, Paramaribo, Surinam.
[Engone-Obiang, Nestor L.] Ctr Natl Rech Sci & Technol CENAREST, IRET, Inst Rech Ecol Trop, BP 13354, Libreville, Gabon.
[Ferreira, Leandro V.] Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi, Coordenacao Bot, Belem, Para, Brazil.
[Odeke, David E.] Natl Forest Author, Kampala, Uganda.
[Vasquez, Rodolfo M.] Prolongac Bolognesi Mz-E-6, Oxapampa Pasco, Peru.
[Lewis, Simon L.] UCL, Dept Geog, London, England.
[Lewis, Simon L.] Univ Leeds, Sch Geog, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Crowther, Thomas W.] Netherlands Inst Ecol, Droevendaalsesteeg 10, NL-6708 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.
RP Liang, JJ (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM albeca.liang@gmail.com
RI Fischer, Markus/C-6411-2008; Bouriaud, Olivier/C-4700-2011; Schulze,
Ernst-Detlef/K-9627-2014; Niklaus, Pascal/G-5786-2010; Viana,
Helder/B-2885-2010; de Miguel, Sergio/B-8358-2016; Pfautsch,
Sebastian/J-8676-2012; Chen, Han/A-1359-2008;
OI Fischer, Markus/0000-0002-5589-5900; Bouriaud,
Olivier/0000-0002-8046-466X; Niklaus, Pascal/0000-0002-2360-1357; Viana,
Helder/0000-0003-4024-3472; de Miguel, Sergio/0000-0002-9738-0657;
Pfautsch, Sebastian/0000-0002-4390-4195; Chen, Han/0000-0001-9477-5541;
Lewis, Simon/0000-0002-8066-6851; Schall, Peter/0000-0003-4808-818X;
KNAW, NIOO-KNAW/0000-0002-3835-159X; Alberti,
Giorgio/0000-0003-2422-3009; Jucker, Tommaso/0000-0002-0751-6312;
Herault, Bruno/0000-0002-6950-7286; Salas, Christian/0000-0002-8468-0829
FU West Virginia University under the United States Department of
Agriculture (USDA) McIntire-Stennis Funds [WVA00104, WVA00105]; U.S.
National Science Foundation (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research Program
at Cedar Creek [DEB-1234162]; University of Minnesota Department of
Forest Resources; Institute on the Environment; Architecture and
Environment Department of Italcementi Group, Bergamo (Italy); Marie
Sklodowska Curie fellowship; Polish National Science Center
[2011/02/A/NZ9/00108]; French L'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
(Centre d'Etude de la Biodiversite Amazonienne) [ANR-10-LABX-0025];
General Directory of State Forest National Holding DB; General
Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw, Poland [1/07, OR/2717/3/11]; 12th
Five-Year Science and Technology Support Project of China
[2012BAD22B02]; U.S. Geological Survey; Bonanza Creek Long Term
Ecological Research Program - NSF; U.S. Forest Service; National
Research Foundation of Korea [NRF-2015R1C1A1A02037721]; Korea Forest
Service [S111215L020110, S211315L020120, S111415L080120];
Promising-Pioneering Researcher Program through Seoul National
University (SNU); New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and
Employment's Science and Innovation Group; Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1374 Biodiversity
Exploratories; Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Cientifico y Tecnologico
(FONDECYT) [1151495, 11110270]; Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada [RGPIN-2014-04181]; CNPq [312075/2013];
FAPESC [2013/TR441]; General Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw,
Poland; Bavarian State Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry
[W07]; Bavarian State Forest Enterprise (Bayerische Staatsforsten AoR);
German Science Foundation [PR 292/12-1]; European Union [FP1206
EuMIXFOR]; FEDER/COMPETE/POCI [POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958];
FCT-Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology
[UID/AGR/04033/2013]; Swiss National Science Foundation
[310030B_147092]; EU H2020 PEGASUS project [633814]; EU H2020 Simwood
project [613762]; European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation
program within the framework of the MultiFUNGtionality Marie
Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (IF-EF) [655815]; Royal Society;
Natural Environment Research Council (UK); Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation; Valuing the Arc Project (Leverhulme Trust); European Union
Seventh Framework Programme [265171]; German Research Foundation [DFG
FOR891]; Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs
FX We are grateful to all the people and agencies that helped in
collection, compilation, and coordination of the field data, including
but not limited to T. Malone, J. Crowe, M. Sutton, J. Lovett, P.
Munishi, M. Rautiainen, staff members from the Seoul National University
Forest, and all persons who made the two Spanish Forest Inventories
possible, especially the main coordinators, R. Villaescusa (IFN2) and J.
A. Villanueva (IFN3). This work was supported in part by West Virginia
University under the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)
McIntire-Stennis Funds WVA00104 and WVA00105; U.S. National Science
Foundation (NSF) Long-Term Ecological Research Program at Cedar Creek
(DEB-1234162); the University of Minnesota Department of Forest
Resources and Institute on the Environment; the Architecture and
Environment Department of Italcementi Group, Bergamo (Italy); a Marie
Sklodowska Curie fellowship; Polish National Science Center grant
2011/02/A/NZ9/00108; the French L'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
(Centre d'Etude de la Biodiversite Amazonienne: ANR-10-LABX-0025); the
General Directory of State Forest National Holding DB; General
Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw, Poland (Research Projects 1/07 and
OR/2717/3/11); the 12th Five-Year Science and Technology Support Project
(grant 2012BAD22B02) of China; the U.S. Geological Survey and the
Bonanza Creek Long Term Ecological Research Program funded by NSF and
the U.S. Forest Service (any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government); National Research Foundation of Korea (grant
NRF-2015R1C1A1A02037721), Korea Forest Service (grants S111215L020110,
S211315L020120 and S111415L080120) and Promising-Pioneering Researcher
Program through Seoul National University (SNU) in 2015; Core funding
for Crown Research Institutes from the New Zealand Ministry of Business,
Innovation and Employment's Science and Innovation Group; the Deutsche
Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) Priority Program 1374 Biodiversity
Exploratories; Chilean research grants Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo
Cientifico y Tecnologico (FONDECYT) 1151495 and 11110270; Natural
Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (grant
RGPIN-2014-04181); Brazilian Research grants CNPq 312075/2013 and FAPESC
2013/TR441 supporting Santa Catarina State Forest Inventory (IFFSC); the
General Directorate of State Forests, Warsaw, Poland; the Bavarian State
Ministry for Nutrition, Agriculture, and Forestry project W07; the
Bavarian State Forest Enterprise (Bayerische Staatsforsten AoR); German
Science Foundation for project PR 292/12-1; the European Union for
funding the COST Action FP1206 EuMIXFOR; FEDER/COMPETE/POCI under
Project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-006958 and FCT-Portuguese Foundation for
Science and Technology under the project UID/AGR/04033/2013; Swiss
National Science Foundation grant 310030B_147092; the EU H2020 PEGASUS
project (no 633814), EU H2020 Simwood project (no 613762); and the
European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program within the
framework of the MultiFUNGtionality Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual
Fellowship (IF-EF) under grant agreement 655815. The expeditions in
Cameroon to collect the data were partly funded by a grant from the
Royal Society and the Natural Environment Research Council (UK) to Simon
L. Lewis. Pontifica Universidad Catolica del Ecuador offered working
facilities and reduced station fees to implement the census protocol in
Yasuni National Park.; We thank the following agencies and organization
for providing the data: USDA Forest Service; School of Natural Resources
and Agricultural Sciences, University of Alaska Fairbanks; the Ministere
des Forets, de la Faune et des Parcs du Quebec (Canada); the Alberta
Department of Agriculture and Forestry, the Saskatchewan Ministry of the
Environment, and Manitoba Conservation and Water Stewardship (Canada);
the National Vegetation Survey Databank (New Zealand); Italian and
Friuli Venezia Giulia Forest Services (Italy); Bavarian State Forest
Enterprise (Bayerische Staatsforsten AoR) and the Thunen Institute of
Forest Ecosystems (Germany); Queensland Herbarium (Australia); Forestry
Commission of New South Wales (Australia); Instituto de Conservacao da
Natureza e das Florestas (Portugal). M'Baiki data were made possible and
provided by the ARF Project (Appui la Recherche Forestiere) and its
partners: AFD (Agence Francaise de Developpement), CIRAD (Centre de
Cooperation Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le
Developpement), ICRA (Institut Centrafricain de Recherche Agronomique),
MEDDEFCP (Ministere de l'Environnement, du Developpement Durable des
Eaux, Forets, Chasse et Peche), SCAC/MAE (Service de Cooperation et
d'Actions Culturelles, Ministere des Affaires Etrangeres), SCAD (Societe
Centrafricaine de Deroulage), and the University of Bangui. All TEAM
data were provided by the Tropical Ecology Assessment and Monitoring
(TEAM) Network-a collaboration between Conservation International, the
Smithsonian Institute, and the Wildlife Conservation Society-and
partially funded by these institutions: the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation, the Valuing the Arc Project (Leverhulme Trust), and other
donors. The Exploratory plots of FunDivEUROPE received funding from the
European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant
agreement 265171. The Chinese Comparative Study Plots (CSPs) were
established in the framework of BEF-China, funded by the German Research
Foundation (DFG FOR891); The Gabon data set was provided by the Institut
de Recherche en Ecologie Tropicale (IRET)/Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique et Technologique (CENAREST); Dutch inventory data
collection was done with the help of Probos, Silve, Bureau van Nierop
and Wim Daamen, financed by the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs. Data
collection in Middle Eastern countries was supported by the Spanish
Agency for International Development Cooperation [Agencia Espanola de
Cooperacion Internacional para el Desarrollo (AECID)] and Fundacion
Biodiversidad, in cooperation with the governments of Syria and Lebanon.
We are grateful to the Polish State Forest Holding for the data
collected in the project "Establishment of a forest information system
covering the area of the Sudetes and the West Beskids with respect to
the forest condition monitoring and assessment" financed by the General
Directory of State Forest National Holding. We thank two reviewers who
provided constructive and helpful comments to help us further improve
this paper. The data used in this manuscript are summarized in the
supplementary materials (tables S1 and S2). All data needed to replicate
these results are available at https://figshare.com and
www.gfbinitiative.org. New Zealand data (doi:10.7931/V13W29) are
available from S.W. under a materials agreement with the National
Vegetation Survey Databank managed by Landcare Research, New Zealand.
Access to Poland data needs additional permission from Polish State
Forest National Holding, as provided to T.Z.-N.
NR 72
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 60
U2 60
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD OCT 14
PY 2016
VL 354
IS 6309
AR aaf8957
DI 10.1126/science.aaf8957
PG 12
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA EC0UN
UT WOS:000387816500036
ER
PT J
AU Fergus, CE
Finley, AO
Soranno, PA
Wagner, T
AF Fergus, C. Emi
Finley, Andrew O.
Soranno, Patricia A.
Wagner, Tyler
TI Spatial Variation in Nutrient and Water Color Effects on Lake
Chlorophyll at Macroscales
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID DISSOLVED ORGANIC-CARBON; CROSS-SCALE INTERACTIONS; PHOSPHORUS
RELATIONSHIP; ECOLOGICAL DATA; LANDSCAPE; PHYTOPLANKTON; PATTERNS;
ECOSYSTEMS; PREDICTION; REGION
AB The nutrient-water color paradigm is a framework to characterize lake trophic status by relating lake primary productivity to both nutrients and water color, the colored component of dissolved organic carbon. Total phosphorus (TP), a limiting nutrient, and water color, a strong light attenuator, influence lake chlorophyll a concentrations (CHL). But, these relationships have been shown in previous studies to be highly variable, which may be related to differences in lake and catchment geomorphology, the forms of nutrients and carbon entering the system, and lake community composition. Because many of these factors vary across space it is likely that lake nutrient and water color relationships with CHL exhibit spatial autocorrelation, such that lakes near one another have similar relationships compared to lakes further away. Including this spatial dependency in models may improve CHL predictions and clarify how well the nutrient-water color paradigm applies to lakes distributed across diverse landscape settings. However, few studies have explicitly examined spatial heterogeneity in the effects of TP and water color together on lake CHL. In this study, we examined spatial variation in TP and water color relationships with CHL in over 800 north temperate lakes using spatially-varying coefficient models (SVC), a robust statistical method that applies a Bayesian framework to explore space-varying and scale-dependent relationships. We found that TP and water color relationships were spatially autocorrelated and that allowing for these relationships to vary by individual lakes over space improved the model fit and predictive performance as compared to models that did not vary over space. The magnitudes of TP effects on CHL differed across lakes such that a 1 mu/L increase in TP resulted in increased CHL ranging from 2-24 mu g/L across lake locations. Water color was not related to CHL for the majority of lakes, but there were some locations where water color had a positive effect such that a unit increase in water color resulted in a 2 mu g/L increase in CHL and other locations where it had a negative effect such that a unit increase in water color resulted in a 2 mu g/L decrease in CHL. In addition, the spatial scales that captured variation in TP and water color effects were different for our study lakes. Variation in TP-CHL relationships was observed at intermediate distances (similar to 20 km) compared to variation in water color-CHL relationships that was observed at regional distances (similar to 200 km). These results demonstrate that there are lake-to-lake differences in the effects of TP and water color on lake CHL and that this variation is spatially structured. Quantifying spatial structure in these relationships furthers our understanding of the variability in these relationships at macroscales and would improve model prediction of chlorophyll a to better meet lake management goals.
C1 [Fergus, C. Emi; Soranno, Patricia A.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Finley, Andrew O.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Forestry & Geog, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Fergus, CE (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM fergusca@msu.edu
FU National Science Foundation Macro Systems Biology Program in the
Emerging Frontiers Division of the Biological Sciences Directorate
[EF-1065786]; National Science Foundation (NSF) [DMS-1513481,
EF-1137309, EF-1241874, EF-1253225]; NASA Carbon Monitoring System
grants
FX Support for this project was provided by the National Science Foundation
Macro Systems Biology Program in the Emerging Frontiers Division of the
Biological Science Directorate (EF-1065786). Andrew Finley was supported
by National Science Foundation (NSF) DMS-1513481, EF-1137309,
EF-1241874, and EF-1253225, as well as NASA Carbon Monitoring System
grants. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysics, decision to publish, or prepartion of the manuscript.
NR 59
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD OCT 13
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 10
AR e0164592
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0164592
PG 20
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DZ0CV
UT WOS:000385505800093
PM 27736962
ER
PT J
AU Helmuth, B
Choi, F
Matzelle, A
Torossian, JL
Morello, SL
Mislan, KAS
Yamane, L
Strickland, D
Szathmary, PL
Gilman, SE
Tockstein, A
Hilbish, TJ
Burrows, MT
Power, AM
Gosling, E
Mieszkowska, N
Harley, CDG
Nishizaki, M
Carrington, E
Menge, B
Petes, L
Foley, MM
Johnson, A
Poole, M
Noble, MM
Richmond, EL
Robart, M
Robinson, J
Sapp, J
Sones, J
Broitman, BR
Denny, MW
Mach, KJ
Miller, LP
O'Donnell, M
Ross, P
Hofmann, GE
Zippay, M
Blanchette, C
Macfarlan, JA
Carpizo-Ituarte, E
Ruttenberg, B
Mejia, CEP
McQuaid, CD
Lathlean, J
Monaco, CJ
Nicastro, KR
Zardi, G
AF Helmuth, Brian
Choi, Francis
Matzelle, Allison
Torossian, Jessica L.
Morello, Scott L.
Mislan, K. A. S.
Yamane, Lauren
Strickland, Denise
Szathmary, P. Lauren
Gilman, Sarah E.
Tockstein, Alyson
Hilbish, Thomas J.
Burrows, Michael T.
Power, Anne Marie
Gosling, Elizabeth
Mieszkowska, Nova
Harley, Christopher D. G.
Nishizaki, Michael
Carrington, Emily
Menge, Bruce
Petes, Laura
Foley, Melissa M.
Johnson, Angela
Poole, Megan
Noble, Mae M.
Richmond, Erin L.
Robart, Matt
Robinson, Jonathan
Sapp, Jerod
Sones, Jackie
Broitman, Bernardo R.
Denny, Mark W.
Mach, Katharine J.
Miller, Luke P.
O'Donnell, Michael
Ross, Philip
Hofmann, Gretchen E.
Zippay, Mackenzie
Blanchette, Carol
Macfarlan, J. A.
Carpizo-Ituarte, Eugenio
Ruttenberg, Benjamin
Pena Mejia, Carlos E.
McQuaid, Christopher D.
Lathlean, Justin
Monaco, Cristin J.
Nicastro, Katy R.
Zardi, Gerardo
TI Long-term, high frequency in situ measurements of intertidal mussel bed
temperatures using biomimetic sensors
SO SCIENTIFIC DATA
LA English
DT Article; Data Paper
ID EFFECTIVE SHORE LEVEL; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BODY-TEMPERATURE; THERMAL-STRESS;
MYTILUS-CALIFORNIANUS; WAVE EXPOSURE; BIOGEOGRAPHIC RESPONSES;
PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; NATIVE MUSSEL; PATTERNS
AB At a proximal level, the physiological impacts of global climate change on ectothermic organisms are manifest as changes in body temperatures. Especially for plants and animals exposed to direct solar radiation, body temperatures can be substantially different from air temperatures. We deployed biomimetic sensors that approximate the thermal characteristics of intertidal mussels at 71 sites worldwide, from 1998-present. Loggers recorded temperatures at 10-30 min intervals nearly continuously at multiple intertidal elevations. Comparisons against direct measurements of mussel tissue temperature indicated errors of similar to 2.0-2.5 degrees C, during daily fluctuations that often exceeded 15 degrees-20 degrees C. Geographic patterns in thermal stress based on biomimetic logger measurements were generally far more complex than anticipated based only on 'habitat-level' measurements of air or sea surface temperature. This unique data set provides an opportunity to link physiological measurements with spatially-and temporally-explicit field observations of body temperature.
C1 [Helmuth, Brian; Choi, Francis; Matzelle, Allison; Torossian, Jessica L.] Northeastern Univ, Ctr Marine Sci, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.
[Morello, Scott L.] Downeast Inst, Beals, ME 04611 USA.
[Mislan, K. A. S.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Yamane, Lauren] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Strickland, Denise; Szathmary, P. Lauren; Tockstein, Alyson; Hilbish, Thomas J.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Biol Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Gilman, Sarah E.] Pitzer Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept Claremont McKenna, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Gilman, Sarah E.] Scripps Coll, WM Keck Sci Dept Claremont McKenna, Claremont, CA 91711 USA.
[Burrows, Michael T.] Scottish Assoc Marine Sci, Oban PA37 1QA, Argyll, Scotland.
[Power, Anne Marie] Natl Univ Ireland Galway, Sch Nat Sci, Anne Marie Power, Galway H91 TK33, Ireland.
[Gosling, Elizabeth] Galway Mayo Inst Technol, Sch Life Sci, Galway H91 T8NW, Ireland.
[Mieszkowska, Nova] Marine Biol Assoc UK, Plymouth PL1 2PB, Devon, England.
[Harley, Christopher D. G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, 6270 Univ Blvd, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Harley, Christopher D. G.] Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
[Nishizaki, Michael; Carrington, Emily] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Menge, Bruce; Petes, Laura; Foley, Melissa M.; Johnson, Angela; Poole, Megan; Noble, Mae M.; Richmond, Erin L.; Robart, Matt; Robinson, Jonathan; Sapp, Jerod] Oregon State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Sones, Jackie] Univ Calif Davis, Bodega Marine Reserve, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
[Broitman, Bernardo R.] Ctr Estudios Avanzados Zonas Aridas, Coquimbo 1780000, Chile.
[Denny, Mark W.; Mach, Katharine J.; Miller, Luke P.; O'Donnell, Michael] Stanford Univ, Hopkins Marine Stn, Pacific Grove, CA 93950 USA.
[Ross, Philip] Univ Waikato, Environm Res Inst, Tauranga 3110, New Zealand.
[Hofmann, Gretchen E.; Zippay, Mackenzie; Blanchette, Carol; Macfarlan, J. A.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Carpizo-Ituarte, Eugenio; Ruttenberg, Benjamin; Pena Mejia, Carlos E.] Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Invest Oceanol, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
[McQuaid, Christopher D.; Lathlean, Justin; Monaco, Cristin J.; Nicastro, Katy R.; Zardi, Gerardo] Rhodes Univ, Dept Zool & Entomol, ZA-6140 Grahamstown, South Africa.
[Strickland, Denise] Palmetto Hlth Richland, Columbia, SC USA.
[Szathmary, P. Lauren] Res Planning Inc, Columbia, SC 29201 USA.
[Tockstein, Alyson] Maritime Aquarium Norwalk, Norwalk, CT 06854 USA.
[Mieszkowska, Nova] Univ Liverpool, Sch Environm Sci, Liverpool L69 7ZX, Merseyside, England.
[Nishizaki, Michael] Williams Coll & Myst Seaport, Maritime Studies Program, Mystic, CT 06355 USA.
[Petes, Laura] NOAA, Climate Program Off, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Foley, Melissa M.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Noble, Mae M.] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, GPO Box 4, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Richmond, Erin L.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Richmond, Erin L.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Robart, Matt] Occidental Coll, Vantuna Res Grp, Los Angeles, CA 90041 USA.
[Mach, Katharine J.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Global Ecol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Miller, Luke P.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[O'Donnell, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Bioengn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Zippay, Mackenzie] Sonoma State Univ, Dept Biol, Rohnert Pk, CA 94928 USA.
[Blanchette, Carol] Valentine Eastern Sierra Reserve, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 USA.
[Macfarlan, J. A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Ruttenberg, Benjamin] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Biol Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA.
[Pena Mejia, Carlos E.] Inst Invest Marinas & Costeras, Jefe Lab Instrumentac Marina, Santa Marta Dtch 470006, Colombia.
[Nicastro, Katy R.] Univ Algarve, Ctr Ciencias Mar, CIMAR Lab Assoc, P-8005139 Faro, Portugal.
RP Helmuth, B (reprint author), Northeastern Univ, Ctr Marine Sci, 430 Nahant Rd, Nahant, MA 01908 USA.
EM b.helmuth@northeastern.edu
OI Zardi, Gerardo/0000-0001-8798-5794; Helmuth, Brian/0000-0003-0180-3414
NR 75
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2052-4463
J9 SCI DATA
JI Sci. Data
PD OCT 11
PY 2016
VL 3
AR UNSP 160087
DI 10.1038/sdata.2016.87
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA EF3ON
UT WOS:000390234100001
PM 27727238
ER
PT J
AU Olefeldt, D
Goswami, S
Grosse, G
Hayes, D
Hugelius, G
Kuhry, P
McGuire, AD
Romanovsky, VE
Sannel, ABK
Schuur, EAG
Turetsky, MR
AF Olefeldt, D.
Goswami, S.
Grosse, G.
Hayes, D.
Hugelius, G.
Kuhry, P.
McGuire, A. D.
Romanovsky, V. E.
Sannel, A. B. K.
Schuur, E. A. G.
Turetsky, M. R.
TI Circumpolar distribution and carbon storage of thermokarst landscapes
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID PERMAFROST CARBON; THAWING PERMAFROST; CLIMATE; FEEDBACK; FORESTS;
ALASKA; PEATLANDS; DYNAMICS; DATABASE; RELEASE
AB Thermokarst is the process whereby the thawing of ice- rich permafrost ground causes land subsidence, resulting in development of distinctive landforms. Accelerated thermokarst due to climate change will damage infrastructure, but also impact hydrology, ecology and biogeochemistry. Here, we present a circumpolar assessment of the distribution of thermokarst landscapes, defined as landscapes comprised of current thermokarst landforms and areas susceptible to future thermokarst development. At 3.6 x 10(6) km(2), thermokarst landscapes are estimated to cover similar to 20% of the northern permafrost region, with approximately equal contributions from three landscape types where characteristic wetland, lake and hillslope thermokarst landforms occur. We estimate that approximately half of the below-ground organic carbon within the study region is stored in thermokarst landscapes. Our results highlight the importance of explicitly considering thermokarst when assessing impacts of climate change, including future landscape greenhouse gas emissions, and provide a means for assessing such impacts at the circumpolar scale.
C1 [Olefeldt, D.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada.
[Olefeldt, D.; Turetsky, M. R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Goswami, S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Goswami, S.] Indian Space Res Org, Natl Remote Sensing Ctr, Hyderabad 500037, Andhra Pradesh, India.
[Grosse, G.] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Telegrafenberg A45, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Hayes, D.] Univ Maine, Sch Forest Resources, Orono, ME 04473 USA.
[Hugelius, G.; Kuhry, P.; Sannel, A. B. K.] Stockholm Univ, Dept Phys Geog, S-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
[McGuire, A. D.] Univ Alaska, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Romanovsky, V. E.] Univ Alaska, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Romanovsky, V. E.] Tyumen State Oil & Gas Univ, Tyumen 625000, Tyument Oblast, Russia.
[Schuur, E. A. G.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
RP Olefeldt, D (reprint author), Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada.; Olefeldt, D (reprint author), Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
EM olefeldt@ualberta.ca
RI Olefeldt, David/E-8835-2013; Grosse, Guido/F-5018-2011
OI Olefeldt, David/0000-0002-5976-1475; Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141
FU National Science Foundation Network Grant [955713]; National Science
Foundation SEARCH Grant [1331083]; Campus Alberta Innovates Program; ERC
[338335]; HGF [ERC-0013]; Department of Energy (DOE) [3ERKP818]; Swedish
Research Council; EU JPI COUP consortium; U.S. Geological Survey Alaska
Climate Science Center; U.S. Geological Survey Land Carbon Program; U.S.
Department of Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and
Environmental Sciences Division Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences program
[DE-SC0006982]
FX This project benefited from input from members of the Permafrost Carbon
Network (www.permafrostcarbon.org). Supporting funding to the Permafrost
Carbon Network was provided by the National Science Foundation Network
Grant #955713 and the National Science Foundation SEARCH Grant #1331083.
Author contributions were also supported by individual grants: D.O.-the
Campus Alberta Innovates Program, G.G.-ERC #338335 and HGF #ERC-0013,
D.H.-Department of Energy (DOE) Early Career Award (DOEBER #3ERKP818),
G.H.-the Swedish Research Council and the EU JPI COUP consortium,
A.D.M.-the U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Climate Science Center and the
U.S. Geological Survey Land Carbon Program, E.A.G.S-U.S. Department of
Energy Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental
Sciences Division Terrestrial Ecosystem Sciences program, Award
#DE-SC0006982. Thanks goes to Andrew Balser, Benjamin Abbott, Claire
Treat and Cristian Estop-Aragones for carrying out evaluations of the
thermokarst landscape maps. Guangsheng Chen aided the climate data
analysis and Andrew Kohlenberg created the figures, helped design the
expert evaluation and expanded the database of study sites. Any use of
trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 58
TC 1
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U1 26
U2 26
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD OCT 11
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 13043
DI 10.1038/ncomms13043
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DZ0QO
UT WOS:000385545000001
PM 27725633
ER
PT J
AU Bonneau, M
Johnson, FA
Romagosa, CM
AF Bonneau, Mathieu
Johnson, Fred A.
Romagosa, Christina M.
TI Spatially explicit control of invasive species using a
reaction-diffusion model
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Allocation; Burmese pythons; Control; Invasive species;
Reaction-diffusion model; Simulation; Spatial distribution; Ecological
modeling
ID LARGE STATE-SPACES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES; PLANT
INVASIONS; SPREAD; LANDSCAPES; EQUATIONS; ECONOMICS; WAVE
AB Invasive species, which can be responsible for severe economic and environmental damages, must often be managed over a wide area with limited resources, and the optimal allocation of effort in space and time can be challenging. If the spatial range of the invasive species is large, control actions might be applied only on some parcels of land, for example because of property type, accessibility, or limited human resources. Selecting the locations for control is critical and can significantly impact management efficiency. To help make decisions concerning the spatial allocation of control actions, we propose a simulation based approach, where the spatial distribution of the invader is approximated by a reaction-diffusion model. We extend the classic Fisher equation to incorporate the effect of control both in the diffusion and local growth of the invader. The modified reaction-diffusion model that we propose accounts for the effect of control, not only on the controlled locations, but on neighboring locations, which are based on the theoretical speed of the invasion front. Based on simulated examples, we show the superiority of our model compared to the state-of-the-art approach. We illustrate the use of this model for the management of Burmese pythons in the Everglades (Florida, USA). Thanks to the generality of the modified reaction-diffusion model, this framework is potentially suitable for a wide class of management problems and provides a tool for managers to predict the effects of different management strategies. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Bonneau, Mathieu; Romagosa, Christina M.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 110 Newins Ziegler Hall,POB 110430, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Johnson, Fred A.] US Geol Survey, Wetland &Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Bonneau, M (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 110 Newins Ziegler Hall,POB 110430, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM mbonneau@ufl.edu; fjohnson@usgs.gov; cmromagosa@ufl.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Invasive Species Program; U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Studies
FX We would like to thank Miguel Acevedo and Mariano Marcano for fruitful
discussions about the use of the Crank-Nicholson method, and Sergei
Pilyugin for help with reaction-diffusion models in general. We also
thank Ann Foster for providing the necessary GIS data and Kristen Hart
for providing telemetry data for the python example. This study was
funded by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) Invasive Species Program
and Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystem Studies. We thank the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service for hosting a workshop concerning python
control at the National Conservation Training Center. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names in this article is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 0
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U1 49
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 10
PY 2016
VL 337
BP 15
EP 24
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.05.013
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV0EQ
UT WOS:000382591200003
ER
PT J
AU Li, ZP
Liu, SG
Zhang, XS
West, TO
Ogle, SM
Zhou, NJ
AF Li, Zhengpeng
Liu, Shuguang
Zhang, Xuesong
West, Tristram O.
Ogle, Stephen M.
Zhou, Naijun
TI Evaluating land cover influences on model uncertainties-A case study of
cropland carbon dynamics in the Mid-Continent Intensive Campaign region
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Biogeochemical model; Cropland carbon fluxes; Land cover; Uncertainty;
Mid-Continent Intensive Campaign
ID NET PRIMARY PRODUCTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; SPATIAL ASSOCIATION; DISTANCE
STATISTICS; TERRESTRIAL; RESOLUTION; SOIL; INVERSIONS; NPP
AB Quantifying spatial and temporal patterns of carbon sources and sinks and their uncertainties across agriculture-dominated areas remains challenging for understanding regional carbon cycles. Characteristics of local land cover inputs could impact the regional carbon estimates but the effect has not been fully evaluated in the past. Within the North American Carbon Program Mid-Continent Intensive (MCI) Campaign, three models were developed to estimate carbon fluxes on croplands: an inventory-based model, the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate (EPIC) model, and the General Ensemble biogeochemical Modeling System (GEMS) model. They all provided estimates of three major carbon fluxes on cropland: net primary production (NPP), net ecosystem production (NEP), and soil organic carbon (SOC) change. Using data mining and spatial statistics, we studied the spatial distribution of the carbon fluxes uncertainties and the relationships between the uncertainties and the land cover characteristics. Results indicated that uncertainties for all three carbon fluxes were not randomly distributed, but instead formed multiple clusters within the MCI region. We investigated the impacts of three land cover characteristics on the fluxes uncertainties: cropland percentage, cropland richness and cropland diversity. The results indicated that cropland percentage significantly influenced the uncertainties of NPP and NEP, but not on the uncertainties of SOC change. Greater uncertainties of NPP and NEP were found in counties with small cropland percentage than the counties with large cropland percentage. Cropland species richness and diversity also showed negative correlations with the model uncertainties. Our study demonstrated that the land cover characteristics contributed to the uncertainties of regional carbon fluxes estimates. The approaches we used in this study can be applied to other ecosystem models to identify the areas with high uncertainties and where models can be improved to reduce overall uncertainties for regional carbon flux estimates. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Li, Zhengpeng] South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Liu, Shuguang] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhang, Xuesong] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, Joint Global Change Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[West, Tristram O.] US DOE, SC-23, Washington, DC 20585 USA.
[Ogle, Stephen M.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Zhou, Naijun] Univ Maryland, Dept Geog Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Li, ZP (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
EM zli2807@jacks.sdstate.edu
RI zhang, xuesong/B-7907-2009
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change Science Program; EPIC; U.S.
Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center;
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) [NNH12AU03I,
NNH13ZDA001N]; NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program [NNX08AK08G]
FX We thank Dr. Michael C. Wimberly and two anonymous reviewers for their
specific comments and helpful suggestions in improving the manuscript.
Dr. Shuguang Liu, with support from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
Land Change Science Program, contributed to data analysis and writing of
the paper. The fund for EPIC modeling and Dr. Xuesong Zhang is provided
by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Great Lakes Bioenergy Research
Center and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
(NNH12AU03I and NNH13ZDA001N). Contributions from Drs. Stephen Ogle and
Tristram West are funded by a grant from NASA Terrestrial Ecology
Program (NNX08AK08G).
NR 31
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U1 17
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 10
PY 2016
VL 337
BP 176
EP 187
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.07.002
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV0EQ
UT WOS:000382591200018
ER
PT J
AU Sohl, TL
Wimberly, MC
Radeloff, VC
Theobald, DM
Sleeter, BM
AF Sohl, Terry L.
Wimberly, Michael C.
Radeloff, Volker C.
Theobald, David M.
Sleeter, Benjamin M.
TI Divergent projections of future land use in the United States arising
from different models and scenarios
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Review
DE Land use; Modeling; United States; Review; Comparison; Scenario
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; PANICUM-VIRGATUM; GLOBAL-SCALE; STABILIZATION;
COVER; OPPORTUNITIES; CONSERVATION; TRANSITIONS; COMPLETION; DATABASE
AB A variety of land-use and land-cover (LULC) models operating at scales from local to global have been developed in recent years, including a number of models that provide spatially explicit, multi-class LULC projections for the conterminous United States. This diversity of modeling approaches raises the question: how consistent are their projections of future land use? We compared projections from six LULC modeling applications for the United States and assessed quantitative, spatial, and conceptual inconsistencies. Each set of projections provided multiple scenarios covering a period from roughly 2000 to 2050. Given the unique spatial, thematic, and temporal characteristics of each set of projections, individual projections were aggregated to a common set of basic, generalized LULC classes (i.e., cropland, pasture, forest, range, and urban) and summarized at the county level across the conterminous United States. We found very little agreement in projected future LULC trends and patterns among the different models. Variability among scenarios for a given model was generally lower than variability among different models, in terms of both trends in the amounts of basic LULC classes and their projected spatial patterns. Even when different models assessed the same purported scenario, model projections varied substantially. Projections of agricultural trends were often far above the maximum historical amounts, raising concerns about the realism of the projections. Comparisons among models were hindered by major discrepancies in categorical definitions, and suggest a need for standardization of historical LULC data sources. To capture a broader range of uncertainties, ensemble modeling approaches are also recommended. However, the vast inconsistencies among LULC models raise questions about the theoretical and conceptual underpinnings of current modeling approaches. Given the substantial effects that land-use change can have on ecological and societal processes, there is a need for improvement in LULC theory and modeling capabilities to improve acceptance and use of regional- to national-scale LULC projections for the United States and elsewhere. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sohl, Terry L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Wimberly, Michael C.] South Dakota State Univ, Geospatial Sci Ctr Excellence, 1021 Medary Ave, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, SILVIS Lab, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Theobald, David M.] Conservat Sci Partners, 5 Old Town Sq, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Sleeter, Benjamin M.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
RP Sohl, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sohl@usgs.gov
OI Sohl, Terry/0000-0002-9771-4231
FU USGS Climate and Land Use Change Mission Area's Research & Development
and Land Change Science programs; National Science Foundation's Coupled
Natural and Human Systems program
FX The authors thank the USGS Climate and Land Use Change Mission Area's
Research & Development and Land Change Science programs, and the
National Science Foundation's Coupled Natural and Human Systems program
for supporting this work. Thank you to V. Landau for data processing
support.
NR 73
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U1 18
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD OCT 10
PY 2016
VL 337
BP 281
EP 297
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.07.016
PG 17
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV0EQ
UT WOS:000382591200028
ER
PT J
AU Ferreira-Martins, D
McCormick, SD
Campos, A
Lopes-Marques, M
Osorio, H
Coimbra, J
Castro, LFC
Wilson, JM
AF Ferreira-Martins, D.
McCormick, S. D.
Campos, A.
Lopes-Marques, M.
Osorio, H.
Coimbra, J.
Castro, L. F. C.
Wilson, J. M.
TI A cytosolic carbonic anhydrase molecular switch occurs in the gills of
metamorphic sea lamprey
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ACID-BASE REGULATION; CHLORIDE BICARBONATE EXCHANGE; TROUT
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; MESSENGER-RNA EXPRESSION; IMMOBILIZED PH GRADIENTS;
PETROMYZON-MARINUS L; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; RAINBOW-TROUT; COMPARATIVE
PHYSIOLOGY; PROTEIN-PHOSPHORYLATION
AB Carbonic anhydrase plays a key role in CO2 transport, acid-base and ion regulation and metabolic processes in vertebrates. While several carbonic anhydrase isoforms have been identified in numerous vertebrate species, basal lineages such as the cyclostomes have remained largely unexamined. Here we investigate the repertoire of cytoplasmic carbonic anhydrases in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), that has a complex life history marked by a dramatic metamorphosis from a benthic filter-feeding ammocoete larvae into a parasitic juvenile which migrates from freshwater to seawater. We have identified a novel carbonic anhydrase gene (ca19) beyond the single carbonic anhydrase gene (ca18) that was known previously. Phylogenetic analysis and synteny studies suggest that both carbonic anhydrase genes form one or two independent gene lineages and are most likely duplicates retained uniquely in cyclostomes. Quantitative PCR of ca19 and ca18 and protein expression in gill across metamorphosis show that the ca19 levels are highest in ammocoetes and decrease during metamorphosis while ca18 shows the opposite pattern with the highest levels in post-metamorphic juveniles. We propose that a unique molecular switch occurs during lamprey metamorphosis resulting in distinct gill carbonic anhydrases reflecting the contrasting life modes and habitats of these life-history stages.
C1 [Ferreira-Martins, D.; Campos, A.; Lopes-Marques, M.; Coimbra, J.; Castro, L. F. C.; Wilson, J. M.] Univ Porto, Ctr Interdisciplinar Invest Marinha & Ambiental C, P-4050123 Oporto, Portugal.
[Ferreira-Martins, D.; Lopes-Marques, M.] Univ Porto, Inst Ciencias Biomed Abel Salazar, P-4050313 Oporto, Portugal.
[McCormick, S. D.] USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Osorio, H.] Univ Porto, i3s Inst Invest & Inovacao Saude, P-4200135 Oporto, Portugal.
[Osorio, H.] Univ Porto, Inst Patol & Imunol Mol, P-4200135 Oporto, Portugal.
[Osorio, H.] Univ Porto, Fac Med, Dept Patol & Oncol, P-4200319 Oporto, Portugal.
[Castro, L. F. C.] Univ Porto, Fac Ciencias, Dept Biol, P-4169007 Oporto, Portugal.
[Wilson, J. M.] Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
RP Wilson, JM (reprint author), Univ Porto, Ctr Interdisciplinar Invest Marinha & Ambiental C, P-4050123 Oporto, Portugal.; Wilson, JM (reprint author), Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Dept Biol, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
EM wilson.jm.cimar@gmail.com
RI Osorio, Hugo/A-7847-2012; Wilson, Jonathan/I-6071-2012
OI Osorio, Hugo/0000-0002-6362-8255; Wilson, Jonathan/0000-0003-3681-1166
FU European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) through the Competitiveness
and Trade Expansion Program (COMPETE); National Funds provided by
Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) via the research project
[PTDC/MAR/98035]; European Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE
- Operational Competitiveness Program; national funds through FCT
[PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011]; Natural Sciences and Engineering research
council (NSERC Canada) [RGPIN-2014-04289]
FX We thank Professor Colin Brauner for his helpful comments on an earlier
version of this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This work was supported by the European Regional Development
Fund (ERDF) through the Competitiveness and Trade Expansion Program
(COMPETE) and by National Funds provided by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a
Tecnologia (FCT) via the research project PTDC/MAR/98035 and European
Regional Development Fund through the COMPETE - Operational
Competitiveness Program and national funds through FCT
[PEst-C/MAR/LA0015/2011] and Natural Sciences and Engineering research
council (NSERC Canada) grant RGPIN-2014-04289 to JMW.
NR 68
TC 0
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U1 27
U2 27
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD OCT 5
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 33954
DI 10.1038/srep33954
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DX8QY
UT WOS:000384655200001
PM 27703170
ER
PT J
AU Pyle, RL
Boland, R
Bolick, H
Bowen, BW
Bradley, CJ
Kane, C
Kosaki, RK
Langston, R
Longenecker, K
Montgomery, A
Parrish, FA
Popp, BN
Rooney, J
Smith, CM
Wagner, D
Spalding, HL
AF Pyle, Richard L.
Boland, Raymond
Bolick, Holly
Bowen, Brian W.
Bradley, Christina J.
Kane, Corinne
Kosaki, Randall K.
Langston, Ross
Longenecker, Ken
Montgomery, Anthony
Parrish, Frank A.
Popp, Brian N.
Rooney, John
Smith, Celia M.
Wagner, Daniel
Spalding, Heather L.
TI A comprehensive investigation of mesophotic coral ecosystems in the
Hawaiian Archipelago
SO PEERJ
LA English
DT Article
DE Mesophotic coral ecosystems; Hawaiian Archipelago; Endemism; Refugia;
Closed-circuit rebreathers; Amino acid isotopic composition
ID REEF-FISH ASSEMBLAGES; NITROGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; RAPID REPRODUCTIVE
ANALYSIS; PACIFIC SUBTROPICAL GYRE; LENGTH-WEIGHT RELATION; LONG-TERM
DECLINE; PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; AMINO-ACIDS; TWILIGHT-ZONE; SCLERACTINIAN
CORALS
AB Although the existence of coral-reef habitats at depths to 165 m in tropical regions has been known for decades, the richness, diversity, and ecological importance of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) has only recently become widely acknowledged. During an interdisciplinary effort spanning more than two decades, we characterized the most expansive MCEs ever recorded, with vast macroalgal communities and areas of 100% coral cover between depths of 50-90 m extending for tens of km(2) in the Hawaiian Archipelago. We used a variety of sensors and techniques to establish geophysical characteristics. Biodiversity patterns were established from visual and video observations and collected specimens obtained from submersible, remotely operated vehicles and mixed-gas SCUBA and rebreather dives. Population dynamics based on age, growth and fecundity estimates of selected fish species were obtained from laser-videogrammetry, specimens, and otolith preparations. Trophic dynamics were determined using carbon and nitrogen stable isotopic analyses on more than 750 reef fishes. MCEs are associated with clear water and suitable substrate. In comparison to shallow reefs in the Hawaiian Archipelago, inhabitants of MCEs have lower total diversity, harbor new and unique species, and have higher rates of endemism in fishes. Fish species present in shallow and mesophotic depths have similar population and trophic (except benthic invertivores) structures and high genetic connectivity with lower fecundity at mesophotic depths. MCEs in Hawai'i are widespread but associated with specific geophysical characteristics. High genetic, ecological and trophic connectivity establish the potential for MCEs to serve as refugia for some species, but our results question the premise that MCEs are more resilient than shallow reefs. We found that endemism within MCEs increases with depth, and our results do not support suggestions of a global faunal break at 60 m. Our findings enhance the scientific foundations for conservation and management of MCEs, and provide a template for future interdisciplinary research on MCEs worldwide.
C1 [Pyle, Richard L.; Bolick, Holly; Langston, Ross; Longenecker, Ken] Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Nat Sci, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
[Boland, Raymond; Parrish, Frank A.] NOAA, Pacific Isl Fisheries Sci Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Boland, Raymond] Hawaii Pacific Univ, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Bowen, Brian W.; Montgomery, Anthony] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Marine Biol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Bradley, Christina J.] Univ Calif Merced, Life & Environm Sci, Merced, CA USA.
[Bradley, Christina J.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Kane, Corinne] Washington State Univ, Environm & Nat Resource Sci, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Kosaki, Randall K.; Wagner, Daniel] NOAA, Papahanaumokuakea Marine Natl Monument, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Montgomery, Anthony] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Isl Fish & Wildlife Off, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Popp, Brian N.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Rooney, John] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Joint Inst Marine & Atmospher Res, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Smith, Celia M.; Spalding, Heather L.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Pyle, RL (reprint author), Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum, Nat Sci, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA.
EM deepreef@bishopmuseum.org
FU National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for
Sponsored Coastal Ocean Research (Coastal Ocean Program)
[NA07NOS4780188, NA07NOS4780187, NA07NOS478190, NA07NOS4780189]; NOAA
Papahanaumokuakea Marine National Monument; Univ. of Hawai'i Department
of Botany; NOAA Coral Reef Conservation Program [NA05OAR4301108,
NA09OAR4300219, HC07-11, HC08-06]; Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative;
Dingell-Johnson Sportfish Restoration program; State of Hawaii,
Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic Resources
FX This paper includes results of research funded by the National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Center for Sponsored Coastal Ocean
Research (Coastal Ocean Program) under award NA07NOS4780188 to the
Bishop Museum, NA07NOS4780187 and NA07NOS478190 to the University of
Hawai'i, and NA07NOS4780189 to the State of Hawai'i; submersible support
provided by NOAA Undersea Research Program's Hawai'i Undersea Research
Laboratory (HURL); funding from the NOAA Papahanaumokuakea Marine
National Monument to the Bishop Museum and the Univ. of Hawai'i
Department of Botany, and funding from the NOAA Coral Reef Conservation
Program research grants program administered by HURL under award
NA05OAR4301108 and NA09OAR4300219, project numbers HC07-11 and HC08-06.
Staff and NOAA ship vessel time for three research cruises were provided
by National Marine Fisheries Service, Pacific Islands Fisheries Science
Center. Additional funding for this project was provided by the State of
Hawaii, Department of Land and Natural Resources, Division of Aquatic
Resources. Support for additional rebreather-based surveys off Hawai'i
and elsewhere in the Pacific were provided by the Association for Marine
Exploration. Life-history analysis of shallow-water fishes was funded by
the Hawaii Coral Reef Initiative and the Dingell-Johnson Sportfish
Restoration program. The funders had no role in study design, data
collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the
manuscript.
NR 151
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 11
U2 11
PU PEERJ INC
PI LONDON
PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND
SN 2167-8359
J9 PEERJ
JI PeerJ
PD OCT 4
PY 2016
VL 4
AR e2475
DI 10.7717/peerj.2475
PG 45
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DZ1BU
UT WOS:000385574500002
PM 27761310
ER
PT J
AU Baldwin, AK
Corsi, SR
Mason, SA
AF Baldwin, Austin K.
Corsi, Steven R.
Mason, Sherri A.
TI Plastic Debris in 29 Great Lakes Tributaries: Relations to Watershed
Attributes and Hydrology
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MUNICIPAL SEWAGE-SLUDGE; MYTILUS-EDULIS L.; MICROPLASTIC POLLUTION;
MARINE-ENVIRONMENT; SYNTHETIC-FIBERS; MEDITERRANEAN SEA; SURFACE WATERS;
NORTH-SEA; RIVER; INGESTION
AB Plastic debris is a growing contaminant of concern in freshwater environments, yet sources, transport, and fate remain unclear. This study characterized the quantity and morphology of floating micro- and macroplastics in 29 Great Lakes tributaries in six states under different land: covers, wastewater effluent contributions, population densities; and hydrologic conditions. Tributaries were sampled three or four times each using a 333 mu m mesh neuston net. Plastic particles were sorted by size, counted, and categorized as fibers/lines, pellets/beads, foams, films, and fragments. Plastics were found in all 107 samples, with a maximum concentration of 32 particles/m(3) and a median of 1.9 particles/m(3). Ninety-eight percent of sampled plastic particles were less than 4.75 mm in diameter and therefore considered microplastics. Fragments, films, foams, and pellets/beads were positively correlated with urban-related watershed attributes and were found at greater concentrations during runoff-event conditions. Fibers, the most frequently detected particle type, were not associated with urban-related watershed attributes, wastewater effluent contribution, or hydrologic condition. Results from this study add to the body of information currently available on microplastics in different environmental compartments; including unique:coritributibns to quantify their occurrence and variability in rivers With a wide variety of different land-use characteristics while highlighting differences between surface samples from rivers compared with lakes.
C1 [Baldwin, Austin K.; Corsi, Steven R.] US Geol Survey, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Mason, Sherri A.] SUNY Coll Fredonia, Dept Chem & Biochem, 280 Cent Ave,Sci Complex 340, Fredonia, NY 14063 USA.
[Baldwin, Austin K.] US Geol Survey, 230 Collins Rd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
RP Baldwin, AK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.; Baldwin, AK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 230 Collins Rd, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
EM akbaldwi@usgs.gov
OI Baldwin, Austin/0000-0002-6027-3823
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Great Lakes National Program Office
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the many individuals at the USGS
involved in sample collection: Peter Lenaker, Paul Reneau, Nic Buer, Ben
Siebers, Troy Rutter, Rebecca Carvin, Ben Torrison, Joe Schuler, Molly
Breitmun, Kyle Raimer, Joe Duris, Cyndi Rachol, Rick Jodoin, Julia
Giesen, Cheryl Silcox, Ed Dobrowolski, Eric Looper, Andy Gorman, Howard
Mills, Stephanie Kula, Stephanie Janosy, Chad Toussant, Brian Mailot,
Brett Hayhurst, Ben Fisher, Josh Larson, Russ Buesing, and Jeff Copa. We
thank Michelle Lutz for her GIS expertise. We also thank SUNY Fredonia
students Rachel Ricotta, Joylyn Kovachev, Katie Donnelly, and Evan
Miller for the many hours spent analyzing these samples in the
laboratory. Special thanks are extended to Ben Siebers for assistance
with the abstract graphic. Support for this project was provided by the
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Great Lakes National Program Office. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 62
U2 62
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 4
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 19
BP 10377
EP 10385
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b02917
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DY1GC
UT WOS:000384841900010
PM 27627676
ER
PT J
AU Heilweil, VM
Solomon, DK
Darrah, TH
Gilmore, TE
Genereux, DP
AF Heilweil, Victor M.
Solomon, D. Kip
Darrah, Thomas H.
Gilmore, Troy E.
Genereux, David P.
TI Gas-Tracer Experiment for Evaluating the Fate of Methane in a Coastal
Plain Stream: Degassing versus in-Stream Oxidation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNCONFINED AQUIFER; WATER; EMISSIONS; CARBON; EXCHANGE; SHALLOW; RATES
AB Methane emissions from streams and rivers have recently been recognized as an important component of global greenhouse budgets. Stream methane is lost as evasion to the atmosphere or in-stream methane oxidation. Previous studies have quantified evasion and oxidation with point-scale measurements. In this study, dissolved gases (methane, krypton) were injected into a coastal plain stream in North Carolina to quantify stream CH4 losses at the watershed scale. Stream-reach modeling yielded gas transfer and oxidation rate constants of 3.2 +/- 0.5 and 0.5 +/- 1.5 d(-1), respectively, indicating a ratio of about 6:1. The resulting evasion and oxidation rates of 2.9 mmol m(-2) d(-1) and 1,140 nmol L-1 d(-1), respectively, lie within ranges of published values. Similarly, the gas transfer velocity (K-600) of 2.1 m d(-1) is consistent with other gas tracer studies. This study illustrates the utility of dissolved-gas tracers for evaluating stream methane fluxes. In contrast to point measurements, this approach provides a larger watershed-scale perspective. Further work is needed to quantify the magnitude of these fluxes under varying conditions (e.g., stream temperature, nutrient load, gradient, flow rate) at regional and global scales before reliable bottom-up estimates of methane evasion can be determined at global scales.
C1 [Heilweil, Victor M.] US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
[Solomon, D. Kip] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Darrah, Thomas H.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Gilmore, Troy E.; Genereux, David P.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Marine Earth & Atmospher Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Gilmore, Troy E.] Univ Nebraska, Conservat & Survey Div, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Gilmore, Troy E.] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol Syst Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
RP Heilweil, VM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
EM Heilweil@usgs.gov
RI Solomon, Douglas/C-7951-2016
OI Solomon, Douglas/0000-0001-6370-7124
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-1045162, EAR-1045134]
FX We would like to acknowledge Briant Kimball (U.S. Geological Survey,
retired) for conducting and interpreting the stream bromide injection,
James Marlowe (U.S. Geological Survey) for making flowmeter discharge
measurements, John Solder (Department of Geology and Geophysics,
University of Utah; currently at the U.S. Geological Survey) for
assisting with the stream injection and sampling, and Peter Cook
(Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Organization) for his 1D stream
transport code for simulating groundwater inflow and gas transfer. We
also gratefully acknowledge financial support by U.S. National Science
Foundation under awards EAR-1045162 to North Carolina State University
and EAR-1045134 to the University of Utah. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 4
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 19
BP 10504
EP 10511
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b02224
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DY1GC
UT WOS:000384841900024
PM 27632066
ER
PT J
AU Weller, TJ
Castle, KT
Liechti, F
Hein, CD
Schirmacher, MR
Cryan, PM
AF Weller, Theodore J.
Castle, Kevin T.
Liechti, Felix
Hein, Cris D.
Schirmacher, Michael R.
Cryan, Paul M.
TI First Direct Evidence of Long-distance Seasonal Movements and
Hibernation in a Migratory Bat
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID TORPOR; ENERGETICS; TELEMETRY; LASIURUS; SONGBIRD; TAGS
AB Understanding of migration in small bats has been constrained by limitations of techniques that were labor-intensive, provided coarse levels of resolution, or were limited to population-level inferences. Knowledge of movements and behaviors of individual bats have been unknowable because of limitations in size of tracking devices and methods to attach them for long periods. We used sutures to attach miniature global positioning system (GPS) tags and data loggers that recorded light levels, activity, and temperature to male hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus). Results from recovered GPS tags illustrated profound differences among movement patterns by individuals, including one that completed a > 1000 km round-trip journey during October 2014. Data loggers allowed us to record sub-hourly patterns of activity and torpor use, in one case over a period of 224 days that spanned an entire winter. In this latter bat, we documented 5 torpor bouts that lasted >= 16 days and a flightless period that lasted 40 nights. These first uses of miniature tags on small bats allowed us to discover that male hoary bats can make multi-directional movements during the migratory season and sometimes hibernate for an entire winter.
C1 [Weller, Theodore J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Castle, Kevin T.] Wildlife Vet Consulting, 840 Sundance Dr, Livermore, CO 80536 USA.
[Liechti, Felix] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Seerose 1, CH-6204 Sempach, Switzerland.
[Hein, Cris D.; Schirmacher, Michael R.] Bat Conservat Int, POB 162603, Austin, TX 78716 USA.
[Cryan, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Weller, TJ (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, 1700 Bayview Dr, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
EM tweller@fs.fed.us
OI Cryan, Paul/0000-0002-2915-8894
FU USDA Forest Service Pacific Southwest Research Station; U.S. Geological
Survey, Fort Collins Science Center
FX Funding for this project was provided by the USDA Forest Service Pacific
Southwest Research Station and U.S. Geological Survey, Fort Collins
Science Center. We are grateful to the California State Parks, North
Coast Redwood District for granting us access and permission to conduct
this study. We thank A. Brokaw, J. Clerc, T. Dewey, B. Fahey, M. Lau, C.
Long, M. McKenzie, S. Mendia, M. Parker, K. Southall, V. Stover, J.
Szewczak, and C. Zurek for invaluable assistance in the field. J.
Baldwin prepared the figure on arousal times. Special thanks to R. Diehl
for sacrificing his chance to deploy experimental data loggers on birds
and instead contributing them to advancement of knowledge regarding the
other class of extant flying vertebrates. Comments from B. Zielinski and
J. Wolfe improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 24
U2 24
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD OCT 4
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 34585
DI 10.1038/srep34585
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DX7DI
UT WOS:000384546200001
PM 27698492
ER
PT J
AU Wootten, A
Bowden, JH
Boyles, R
Terando, A
AF Wootten, A.
Bowden, J. H.
Boyles, R.
Terando, A.
TI The Sensitivity of WRF Downscaled Precipitation in Puerto Rico to
Cumulus Parameterization and Interior Grid Nudging
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONVECTIVE PARAMETERIZATION; CLIMATE SIMULATIONS; MODEL; RESOLUTION;
RAINFALL; SCALE; ENTRAINMENT; REANALYSIS; SCHEMES; WEATHER
AB The sensitivity of the precipitation over Puerto Rico that is simulated by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model is evaluated using multiple combinations of cumulus parameterization (CP) schemes and interior grid nudging. The NCEP-DOE AMIP-II reanalysis (R-2) is downscaled to 2-km horizontal grid spacing both with convective-permitting simulations (CP active only in the middle and outer domains) and with CP schemes active in all domains. The results generally show lower simulated precipitation amounts than are observed, regardless of WRF configuration, but activating the CP schemes in the inner domain improves the annual cycle, intensity, and placement of rainfall relative to the convective-permitting simulations. Furthermore, the use of interior-grid-nudging techniques in the outer domains improves the placement and intensity of rainfall in the inner domain. Incorporating a CP scheme at convective-permitting scales (, 4 km) and grid nudging at non-convective-permitting scales (>4 km) improves the island average correlation of precipitation by 0.05-0.2 and reduces the island average RMSE by up to 40 mm on average over relying on the explicit microphysics at convective-permitting scales with grid nudging. Projected changes in summer precipitation between 2040-42 and 1985-87 using WRF to downscale CCSM4 range from a 2.6-mm average increase to an 81.9-mm average decrease, depending on the choice of CP scheme. The differences are only associated with differences between WRF configurations, which indicates the importance of CP scheme for projected precipitation change as well as historical accuracy.
C1 [Wootten, A.; Boyles, R.] North Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Bowden, J. H.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Environm, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Terando, A.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Southeast Climate Sci Ctr, US Geol Survey, US Dept Interior, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Terando, A.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC USA.
RP Wootten, A (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, State Climate Off North Carolina, Centennial Campus Box 7236, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM amwootte@ncsu.edu
FU U.S. Department of the Interior Southeast Climate Science Center (USGS)
[G13AC00408]
FX The study presented here was funded by the U.S. Department of the
Interior Southeast Climate Science Center (USGS Cooperative Agreement
G13AC00408). We thank the Renaissance Computing Institute for providing
the supercomputing resources that were required for the WRF simulations.
We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their feedback and suggested
improvements to this article. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. government.
NR 48
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
EI 1558-8432
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 55
IS 10
BP 2263
EP 2281
DI 10.1175/JAMC-D-16-0121.1
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA EO9UR
UT WOS:000397034100007
ER
PT J
AU Ivey, CD
Ingersoll, CG
AF Ivey, Chris D.
Ingersoll, Chris G.
TI Influence of bromide on the performance of the amphipod Hyalella azteca
in reconstituted waters
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Water quality; Invertebrate toxicology; Freshwater toxicology
ID GENETICALLY DISTINCT; SEDIMENT TOXICITY; STRAINS
AB Poor performance of the amphipod Hyalella azteca has been observed in exposures using reconstituted waters. Previous studies have reported success in H. azteca water-only exposures with the addition of relatively high concentrations of bromide. The present study evaluated the influence of lower environmentally representative concentrations of bromide on the response of H. azteca in 42-d water-only exposures. Improved performance of H. azteca was observed in reconstituted waters with >0.02mg Br/L. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2425-2429. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
C1 [Ivey, Chris D.; Ingersoll, Chris G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Ivey, CD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM civey@usgs.gov
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 10
BP 2425
EP 2429
DI 10.1002/etc.3421
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DY0UD
UT WOS:000384810800008
ER
PT J
AU Ivey, CD
Ingersoll, CG
Brumbaugh, WG
Hammer, EJ
Mount, DR
Hockett, JR
Norberg-King, TJ
Soucek, D
Taylor, L
AF Ivey, Chris D.
Ingersoll, Chris G.
Brumbaugh, William G.
Hammer, Edward J.
Mount, Dave R.
Hockett, J. Russell
Norberg-King, Teresa J.
Soucek, Dave
Taylor, Lisa
TI Using an interlaboratory study to revise methods for conducting 10-d to
42-d water or sediment toxicity tests with Hyalella azteca
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Methods; Sediment testing; Water-only testing; Hyalella azteca
ID GENETICALLY DISTINCT; STRAINS
AB Studies have been conducted to refine US Environmental Protection Agency, ASTM International, and Environment Canada standard methods for conducting 42-d reproduction tests with Hyalella azteca in water or in sediment. Modifications to the H. azteca method include better-defined ionic composition requirements for exposure water (i.e., >15mg/L of chloride and >0.02mg/L of bromide) and improved survival, growth, and reproduction with alternate diets provided as increased rations over time in water-only or whole-sediment toxicity tests. A total of 24 laboratories volunteered to participate in the present interlaboratory study evaluating the performance of H. azteca in 42-d studies in control sand or control sediment using the refined methods. Improved growth and reproduction of H. azteca was observed with 2 alternate diets of 1) ramped diatoms (Thalassiosira weissflogii)+ramped Tetramin or 2) yeast-cerophyll-trout chow (YCT)+ramped Tetramin, especially when compared with results from the traditional diet of 1.8mg YCT/d. Laboratories were able to meet proposed test acceptability criteria and in most cases had lower variation in growth or reproduction compared with previous interlaboratory studies using the traditional YCT diet. Laboratory success in conducting 42-d H. azteca exposures benefited from adherence to several key requirements of the detailed testing, culturing, and handling methods. Results from the present interlaboratory study are being used to help revise standard methods for conducting 10-d to 42-d water or sediment toxicity exposures with H. azteca. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2439-2447. (c) 2016 SETAC
C1 [Ivey, Chris D.; Ingersoll, Chris G.; Brumbaugh, William G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Hammer, Edward J.] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA.
[Mount, Dave R.; Hockett, J. Russell; Norberg-King, Teresa J.] US EPA, Duluth, MN USA.
[Soucek, Dave] Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Champaign, IL 61820 USA.
[Taylor, Lisa] Environm Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
RP Ivey, CD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM civey@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
FX Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US government. Funding for
the present study was provided in part by the Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative. The USEPA has not formally reviewed the present study; the
views expressed herein may not reflect the views of the USEPA.
NR 17
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 10
BP 2439
EP 2447
DI 10.1002/etc.3417
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DY0UD
UT WOS:000384810800010
ER
PT J
AU Leonardi, N
Defne, Z
Ganju, NK
Fagherazzi, S
AF Leonardi, Nicoletta
Defne, Zafer
Ganju, Neil K.
Fagherazzi, Sergio
TI Salt marsh erosion rates and boundary features in a shallow Bay
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-EARTH SURFACE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; 3RD-GENERATION WAVE MODEL; COASTAL DEFENSE; ATLANTIC
COAST; TIDAL MARSH; VEGETATION; ENGLAND; RESISTANCE; EVOLUTION; COLLAPSE
AB Herein, we investigate the relationship between wind waves, salt marsh erosion rates, and the planar shape of marsh boundaries by using aerial images and the numerical model Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment-Transport Modeling System (COAWST). Using Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, as a test site, we found that salt marsh erosion rates maintain a similar trend in time. We also found a significant relationship between salt marsh erosion rates and the shape of marsh boundaries which could be used as a geomorphic indicator of the degradation level of the marsh. Slowly eroding salt marshes are irregularly shaped with fractal dimension higher than rapidly deteriorating marshes. Moreover, for low-wave energy conditions, there is a high probability of isolated and significantly larger than average failures of marsh portions causing a long-tailed distribution of localized erosion rates. Finally, we confirm the existence of a significant relationship between salt marsh erosion rate and wind waves exposure. Results suggest that variations in time in the morphology of salt marsh boundaries could be used to infer changes in frequency and magnitude of external agents.
C1 [Leonardi, Nicoletta] Univ Liverpool, Dept Geog & Planning, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.
[Leonardi, Nicoletta; Fagherazzi, Sergio] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[Defne, Zafer; Ganju, Neil K.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Leonardi, N (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Dept Geog & Planning, Liverpool, Merseyside, England.; Leonardi, N (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM nicleona@liverpool.ac.uk
FU Department of the Interior Hurricane Sandy Recovery program [GS2-2D];
NSF [DEB-0621014, OCE-1238212]
FX This research was supported by the Department of the Interior Hurricane
Sandy Recovery program (project GS2-2D) and by NSF DEB-0621014 (VCR-LTER
program), OCE-1238212 (PIE-LTER program). We acknowledge the NJ Office
of Information Technology (NJOIT), Office of Geographic Information
Systems (OGIS) as the source of aerial images. The numerical model
COAWST is freely available for download at
http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/operations/modeling/COAWST/. We also thank
Amer Suvalic for his contribution to shoreline digitization. We thank
the Editors and reviewers for their constructive and insightful
comments.
NR 90
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9003
EI 2169-9011
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-EARTH
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Earth Surf.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 10
DI 10.1002/2016JF003975
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EI9LS
UT WOS:000392830200014
ER
PT J
AU Saltus, RW
Stanley, RG
Haeussler, PJ
Jones, JV
Potter, CJ
Lewis, KA
AF Saltus, R. W.
Stanley, R. G.
Haeussler, P. J.
Jones, J. V., III
Potter, C. J.
Lewis, K. A.
TI Late Oligocene to present contractional structure in and around the
Susitna basin, Alaska-Geophysical evidence and geological implications
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN ALASKA; DENALI FAULT; RANGE; CONSTRAINTS; EXHUMATION; REGION;
THRUST
AB The Cenozoic Susitna basin lies within an enigmatic lowland surrounded by the Central Alaska Range, Western Alaska Range (including the Tordrillo Mountains), and Talkeetna Mountains in south-central Alaska. Some previous interpretations show normal faults as the defining structures of the - basin (e.g., Kirschner, 1994). However, analysis of new and existing geophysical data shows predominantly (Late Oligocene to present) thrust and reverse fault geometries in the region, as previously proposed by Hackett (1978). A key example is the Beluga Mountain fault where a 50-mGal gravity gradient, caused by the density transition from the igneous bedrock of Beluga Mountain to the > 4-km-thick Cenozoic sedimentary section of Susitna basin, spans a horizontal distance of similar to 40 km and straddles the topographic front. The location and shape of the gravity gradient preclude a normal fault geometry; instead, it is best explained by a southwest-dipping thrust fault, with its leading edge located several kilometers to the northeast of the mountain front, concealed beneath the shallow glacial and fluvial cover deposits. Similar contractional fault relationships are observed for other basin-bounding and regional faults as well. Contractional structures are consistent with a regional shortening strain field inferred from differential offsets on the Denali and Castle Mountain right-lateral strike-slip fault systems.
C1 [Saltus, R. W.; Lewis, K. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Stanley, R. G.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Haeussler, P. J.; Jones, J. V., III] US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Potter, C. J.] US Geol Survey, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Saltus, R. W.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
RP Saltus, RW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.; Saltus, RW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM rick.saltus@noaa.gov
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1378
EP 1390
DI 10.1130/GES01279.1
PG 13
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CP
UT WOS:000390991300001
ER
PT J
AU Shea, EK
Miller, JS
Miller, RB
Bowring, SA
Sullivan, KM
AF Shea, Erin K.
Miller, Jonathan S.
Miller, Robert B.
Bowring, Samuel A.
Sullivan, Katie M.
TI Growth and maturation of a mid- to shallow-crustal intrusive complex,
North Cascades, Washington
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID SIERRA-NEVADA BATHOLITH; SILICIC MAGMA CHAMBERS; TORRES-DEL-PAINE;
BRITISH-COLUMBIA; GRANITIC MAGMA; PLUTON CONSTRUCTION; ADAMELLO
BATHOLITH; CONTINENTAL-CRUST; CRYSTALLINE CORE; SPIRIT MOUNTAIN
AB Studies of plutons indicate that they are the result of a complex interplay of magmatic processes occurring during magma generation, ascent, and emplacement. A critical tool for deciphering these processes is high-precision geochronology, which can help determine the timing and rates of magmatism in the crust. We conducted a field and U-Pb geochronological study of the Cretaceous Black Peak intrusive complex in the North Cascades of Washington State to investigate magmatism at a detailed scale and to refine estimates of plutonic construction rates. High-precision chemical abrasion-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (CA-TIMS) U-Pb geochronology was carried out on 31 samples from five mapped intrusive phases. Field relations in the Black Peak intrusive complex show intrusive contacts that vary from sharp to gradational. Whole-rock Sm/ Nd, zircon oxygen isotopes, and zircon trace elements were obtained on subsets of representative samples. The U-Pb geochronology from the Black Peak intrusive complex documents batholith intrusion over 4.5 m.y. and suggests that magmatism was semicontinuous for a minimum of 3.5 m.y. Individual samples display age dispersion in single-zircon dates that ranges from similar to 10(5) yr to several 10(6) yr, with a general increase in the age range for younger samples. Whole-rock epsilon(Nd) and zircon delta O-18 for all Black Peak intrusive complex samples indicate that magmas were derived from mantle and crustal sources and that all magmas were isotopically homogenized prior to zircon saturation. Ti-in-zircon temperatures from zircon cores are generally above calculated zircon saturation temperatures, which suggests that most Black Peak intrusive complex magmas were zircon undersaturated in the melt source region. A range of thicknesses was considered, and a thickness of similar to 10 km for the Black Peak intrusive complex gives an average intrusion rate of similar to 1.1 x 10(-3) km(3)/yr, which is high enough to sustain a magma reservoir in the shallow crust. The field evidence and long overall duration of intrusion are incompatible with the entire Black Peak intrusive complex being molten at any one time, but the larger, more compositionally homogeneous domains in the Black Peak intrusive complex are likely the solidified remnants of mushy magma bodies with similar to 10(5) yr durations. These data suggest that the Black Peak intrusive complex may have remained "mushy" for long periods of time (10(5) yr) and may indicate that the spread in dates within individual samples is best interpreted as either antecrystic recycling and/or protracted autocrystic growth.
C1 [Shea, Erin K.; Bowring, Samuel A.] MIT, Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Shea, Erin K.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Geol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99775 USA.
[Miller, Jonathan S.; Miller, Robert B.] San Jose State Univ, Dept Geol, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
[Sullivan, Katie M.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Shea, EK (reprint author), MIT, Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Shea, EK (reprint author), Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Geol Sci, Anchorage, AK 99775 USA.
EM eshea2@uaa.alaska.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0948388, EAR-0948685, EAR-1119358]
FX Careful and thoughtful reviews by Editor Shan de Silva, Associate Editor
Rita Economos, and two anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript
immensely. This paper benefited from conversations with Seth Burgess,
Tim Grove, Oli Jagoutz, Adam Kent, Noah McLean, Catherine Mottram, and
Matt Rioux. Analytical assistance from Jahan Ramezani, Nilanjan
Chatterjee, Frank Dudas, Rita Economos, Axel Schmitt, and Joe Wooden is
gratefully acknowledged. Good-humored and able field assistance was
provided by Christine Chan, Adam Bockelie, and Kyle Gilpin. We are
grateful to the Methow Valley Ranger District and the North Cascades
National Park for access. This research was supported by National
Science Foundation grants EAR-0948388 to Bowring, EAR-0948685 to J.
Miller and R. Miller, and EAR-1119358 to R. Miller.
NR 95
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1489
EP 1516
DI 10.1130/GES01290.1
PG 28
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CP
UT WOS:000390991300007
ER
PT J
AU Larson, KP
Kellett, DA
Cottle, JM
King, J
Lederer, G
Rai, SM
AF Larson, Kyle P.
Kellett, Dawn A.
Cottle, John M.
King, Jess
Lederer, Graham
Rai, Santa Man
TI Anatexis, cooling, and kinematics during orogenesis: Miocene development
of the Himalayan metamorphic core, east-central Nepal
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID MAIN CENTRAL THRUST; CRUSTAL CHANNEL FLOWS; LIKHU KHOLA REGION; TECTONIC
EVOLUTION; WESTERN NEPAL; SOUTHERN TIBET; MID-CRUST; NUMERICAL-MODELS;
HINDU-KUSH; MONAZITE
AB The exposed mid-crustal rocks of the Himalayan orogen provide a natural laboratory for constructing the kinematic evolution of the midcrust during a large-scale continental collision. Kinematic models provide testable, geometrically valid, internally consistent, integrated solutions for diverse geological data from deformed regions. We investigated the Tama Kosi region of east-central Nepal with structural, geochemical, and geo-chrono-logical methods to refine a detailed kinematic model for the Miocene Epoch, during which the mid-crust was pervasively deformed, translated southward, and progressively stacked via basal accretion. Geochemical and U-Pb zircon data demonstrate that two similar orthogneiss bodies were derived from different protoliths, one formed through vapor-absent melting at 1940 +/- 16 Ma and the other via vapor-present melting at 1863 +/- 14 Ma, respectively, indicating that they do not reflect structural repetition. In situ Th-Pb monazite petrochronology from the Mahabharat Range links the orogenic foreland to the exposed mid-crust of the High Himalaya via a coeval, protracted metamorphic growth-crystallization and/or recrystallization record spanning late Eocene or early Oligocene to early Miocene. Differential cooling of white mica, evidenced by Ar-40/Ar-39 cooling ages across the studied area, may outline a previously unrecognized out-of-sequence thrust, the occurrence of which is coincident with the location of a sharp break previously recognized from quartz crystallographic fabric deformation temperatures. Together with previous work, these data form the basis for a new, internally consistent kinematic model for rocks of the Tama Kosi region during the Miocene Epoch that tracks the transition from distributed ductile deformation in the mid-crust to deformation along discrete surfaces during their exhumation.
C1 [Larson, Kyle P.] Univ British Columbia Okanagan, Earth & Environm Sci, FIP353-3247 Univ Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
[Kellett, Dawn A.] Geol Survey Canada, 601 Booth St, Ottawa, ON K1A 0E8, Canada.
[Cottle, John M.; Lederer, Graham] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, 1006 Webb Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[King, Jess] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Earth Sci, Pokfulam Rd, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Rai, Santa Man] Tribhuvan Univ, Dept Geol, Tri Chandra Campus, Kathmandu, Nepal.
[Lederer, Graham] US Geol Survey, Natl Minerals Informat Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 988, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Larson, KP (reprint author), Univ British Columbia Okanagan, Earth & Environm Sci, FIP353-3247 Univ Way, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada.
EM kyle.larson@ubc.ca
OI /0000-0002-9505-9923
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada; National
Science Foundation [EAR-1119380]
FX This contribution was supported by a Natural Sciences and Engineering
Research Council of Canada Discovery grant to Larson, and is based upon
work supported by the National Science Foundation under grant
EAR-1119380 to Cottle. Field support was provided by A. Larson, D.
Larson, and J. Larson with logistical support from T. Tamang and P.
Tamang. We thank N. Joyce and L. Cataldo for help with laboratory
analyses at the Geological Survey of Canada (GSC). This is GSC
contribution #20160109. Reviews by C. Beaumont, B. Jamieson, and three
anonymous referees, and conversations with F. Gervais and C. Guilmette
helped improve this manuscript.
NR 73
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1575
EP 1593
DI 10.1130/GES01293.1
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CP
UT WOS:000390991300011
ER
PT J
AU Odum, JK
Stephenson, WJ
Pratt, TL
Blakely, RJ
AF Odum, Jack K.
Stephenson, William J.
Pratt, Thomas L.
Blakely, Richard J.
TI Shallow geophysical imaging of the Olympia anomaly: An enigmatic
structure in the southern Puget Lowland, Washington State
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID SEATTLE FAULT ZONE; CASCADIA FORE-ARC; SEISMIC-REFLECTION DATA; COAST
RANGE; SUBDUCTION ZONE; UNITED-STATES; LEVEL CHANGES; SOUND;
EARTHQUAKES; DEFORMATION
AB Gravity and magnetic anomalies suggest that the Olympia structure beneath the southern Puget Lowland (western Washington State, U.S.) vertically displaces Eocene Crescent Formation strata. Northeast of the Olympia structure, middle Eocene Crescent Formation is beneath 4-6 km of Paleogene-Neogene and Quaternary strata of the Tacoma basin, whereas the Crescent Formation is exposed at the surface immediately to the south. Although numerous marine seismic reflection profiles have been acquired near the surface location of the Olympia structure as defined by potential field anomalies, its tectonic character remains enigmatic, in part because inlets of southern Puget Sound are too shallow for the collection of deep-penetration marine seismic profiles across the geophysical anomalies. To supplement existing shallow-marine data near the structure, we acquired 14.6 km of land-based seismic reflection data along a profile that extends from Crescent Formation exposed in the Black Hills northward across the projected surface location of the Olympia structure. The reflection seismic data image the Crescent bedrock surface to similar to 1 km depth beneath the southern Tacoma basin and reveal the dip on this surface to be no greater than similar to 10 degrees. Although regional potential field data show a strong linear trend for the Olympia structure that implies folding over a blind thrust and/or bedrock juxtaposed against a weakly to nonmagnetic sediment section, high-resolution magnetic anomaly analysis along the land-based profile suggests that the structure is more complex. Overall, seismic and potential-field profiles presented in this study identify only minor shallow faulting within the projected surface location of the Olympia structure. We suggest that the mapped trace of the Olympia structure along the northern flank of the Black Hills, at least within the study area, is constrained by juxtaposed normal and reversely magnetized Crescent Formation units and minor tectonic deformation of Crescent Formation bedrock.
C1 [Odum, Jack K.; Stephenson, William J.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, POB 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Pratt, Thomas L.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 905, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Blakely, Richard J.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 989, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Odum, JK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, POB 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM odum@usgs.gov
FU Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX This work was supported by the Earthquake Hazards Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. We thank Z. Maharrey, R. Dart, C. Volpi, B. King, and
M. Conley for their assistance in acquiring the Steamboat Island Road
seismic reflection profile. We also thank the University of Texas NEES
(George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation) for
providing the minivibe source and C. Hoffpauir (minivibe operator).
Reviews by Brian Sherrod, Megan Anderson, and Thomas Brocher
strengthened and added focus to this paper. We also benefited from many
discussions with colleagues M. Polenz and T. Walsh (Washington
Department of Natural Resources, Division of Geology and Earth
Resources). We thank S. Magsino, who graciously contributed insight,
comments, and preliminary models from her work on the southern Puget
Lowland. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only, and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 54
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U1 0
U2 0
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 5
BP 1617
EP 1632
DI 10.1130/GES01248.1
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CP
UT WOS:000390991300014
ER
PT J
AU Curry, MAE
Barnes, JB
Colgan, JP
AF Curry, Magdalena A. E.
Barnes, Jason B.
Colgan, Joseph P.
TI Testing fault growth models with low-temperature thermochronology in the
northwest Basin and Range, USA
SO TECTONICS
LA English
DT Article
ID APATITE (U-TH)/HE THERMOCHRONOMETRY; CENOZOIC TECTONIC EVOLUTION; HELIUM
DIFFUSION KINETICS; FRACTURE-MECHANICS MODEL; FISSION-TRACK ANALYSIS;
ACTIVE NORMAL FAULTS; PINE FOREST RANGE; RADIATION-DAMAGE;
TRANSANTARCTIC MOUNTAINS; LATERAL PROPAGATION
AB Common fault growth models diverge in predicting how faults accumulate displacement and lengthen through time. A paucity of field-based data documenting the lateral component of fault growth hinders our ability to test these models and fully understand how natural fault systems evolve. Here we outline a framework for using apatite (U-Th)/He thermochronology (AHe) to quantify the along-strike growth of faults. To test our framework, we first use a transect in the normal fault-bounded Jackson Mountains in the Nevada Basin and Range Province, then apply the new framework to the adjacent Pine Forest Range. We combine new and existing cross sections with 18 new and 16 existing AHe cooling ages to determine the spatiotemporal variability in footwall exhumation and evaluate models for fault growth. Three age-elevation transects in the Pine Forest Range show that rapid exhumation began along the range-front fault between approximately 15 and 11 Ma at rates of 0.2-0.4 km/Myr, ultimately exhuming approximately 1.5-5 km. The ages of rapid exhumation identified at each transect lie within data uncertainty, indicating concomitant onset of faulting along strike. We show that even in the case of growth by fault-segment linkage, the fault would achieve its modern length within 3-4 Myr of onset. Comparison with the Jackson Mountains highlights the inadequacies of spatially limited sampling. A constant fault-length growth model is the best explanation for our thermochronology results. We advocate that low-temperature thermochronology can be further utilized to better understand and quantify fault growth with broader implications for seismic hazard assessments and the coevolution of faulting and topography.
C1 [Curry, Magdalena A. E.; Barnes, Jason B.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
[Curry, Magdalena A. E.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Barnes, Jason B.] Landscape Analyt LLC, Seattle, WA USA.
[Colgan, Joseph P.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Curry, MAE (reprint author), Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Dept Geol Sci, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.; Curry, MAE (reprint author), Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
EM maggellis@gmail.com
OI Colgan, Joseph/0000-0001-6671-1436
FU UNC Department of Geological Sciences Martin Fund; John Rogers and the
Rogers Fund; GSA; Sigma Xi
FX M. Curry thanks the UNC Department of Geological Sciences Martin Fund,
John Rogers and the Rogers Fund, GSA, and Sigma Xi for their financial
support. Julia Ellis and Jim Mize provided valuable assistance in the
field and James Metcalf lent crucial help in the lab with the AHe
analyses. We thank Kevin Stewart, Rich Ketcham, Mike Diggles, and Scott
Minor for their assistance and thoughtful comments. We also acknowledge
Associate Editor Sean Long and Editor John Geissman for their work.
Thoughtful reviews by Andy Nicol, Jim Faulds, and two anonymous
reviewers greatly improved this manuscript. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. The data used in this paper are
available in Tables 1 and 2, the supporting information file, and cited
references.
NR 126
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Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0278-7407
EI 1944-9194
J9 TECTONICS
JI Tectonics
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 10
BP 2467
EP 2492
DI 10.1002/2016TC004211
PG 26
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EE1HP
UT WOS:000389332000012
ER
PT J
AU Stern, M
Flint, L
Minear, J
Flint, A
Wright, S
AF Stern, Michelle
Flint, Lorraine
Minear, Justin
Flint, Alan
Wright, Scott
TI Characterizing Changes in Streamflow and Sediment Supply in the
Sacramento River Basin, California, Using Hydrological Simulation
Program-FORTRAN (HSPF)
SO WATER
LA English
DT Article
DE HSPF; watershed hydrology; suspended sediment; hydrologic modeling;
water resources; San Francisco Bay-Delta; Sacramento River; sediment
transport
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; PRECIPITATION; TEMPERATURE; SCENARIOS; BAY
AB A daily watershed model of the Sacramento River Basin of northern California was developed to simulate streamflow and suspended sediment transport to the San Francisco Bay-Delta. To compensate for sparse data, a unique combination of model inputs was developed, including meteorological variables, potential evapotranspiration, and parameters defining hydraulic geometry. A slight decreasing trend of sediment loads and concentrations was statistically significant in the lowest 50% of flows, supporting the observed historical sediment decline. Historical changes in climate, including seasonality and decline of snowpack, contribute to changes in streamflow, and are a significant component describing the mechanisms responsible for the decline in sediment. Several wet and dry hypothetical climate change scenarios with temperature changes of 1.5 degrees C and 4.5 degrees C were applied to the base historical conditions to assess the model sensitivity of streamflow and sediment to changes in climate. Of the scenarios evaluated, sediment discharge for the Sacramento River Basin increased the most with increased storm magnitude and frequency and decreased the most with increases in air temperature, regardless of changes in precipitation. The model will be used to develop projections of potential hydrologic and sediment trends to the Bay-Delta in response to potential future climate scenarios, which will help assess the hydrological and ecological health of the Bay-Delta into the next century.
C1 [Stern, Michelle; Flint, Lorraine; Flint, Alan; Wright, Scott] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Minear, Justin] US Geol Survey, Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO 80403 USA.
RP Stern, M (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM mstern@usgs.gov; lflint@usgs.gov; jminear@usgs.gov; aflint@usgs.gov;
sawright@usgs.gov
OI Stern, Michelle/0000-0003-3030-7065
FU Computational Assessments of Scenarios of Change for the Delta Ecosystem
(CASCaDE II) project; Delta Science Program (DSC Grant) [2040]
FX This project was supported by the Computational Assessments of Scenarios
of Change for the Delta Ecosystem (CASCaDE II) project. CASCaDE II is
supported by a grant from the Delta Science Program (DSC Grant #2040).
Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in
this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect
the views of the Delta Science Program. This is CASCaDE publication #71.
NR 40
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U1 2
U2 2
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2073-4441
J9 WATER-SUI
JI Water
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 10
AR 432
DI 10.3390/w8100432
PG 21
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA EE5PD
UT WOS:000389659200017
ER
PT J
AU Weinstein, A
Navarrete, L
Ruppel, C
Weber, TC
Leonte, M
Kellermann, MY
Arrington, EC
Valentine, DL
Scranton, MI
Kessler, JD
AF Weinstein, Alexander
Navarrete, Luis
Ruppel, Carolyn
Weber, Thomas C.
Leonte, Mihai
Kellermann, Matthias Y.
Arrington, Eleanor C.
Valentine, David L.
Scranton, Mary I.
Kessler, John D.
TI Determining the flux of methane into Hudson Canyon at the edge of
methane clathrate hydrate stability
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID BIGHT CONTINENTAL-SHELF; SEA-FLOOR; ATLANTIC MARGIN; CARIACO TRENCH; GAS
HYDRATE; BLACK-SEA; CIRCULATION; OXIDATION; SVALBARD; BASIN
AB Methane seeps were investigated in Hudson Canyon, the largest shelf-break canyon on the northern U.S. Atlantic Margin. The seeps investigated are located at or updip of the nominal limit of methane clathrate hydrate stability. The acoustic identification of bubble streams was used to guide water column sampling in a 32 km(2) region within the canyon's thalweg. By incorporating measurements of dissolved methane concentration with methane oxidation rates and current velocity into a steady state box model, the total emission of methane to the water column in this region was estimated to be 12 kmol methane per day (range: 6-24 kmol methane per day). These analyses suggest that the emitted methane is largely retained inside the canyon walls below 300 m water depth, and that it is aerobically oxidized to near completion within the larger extent of Hudson Canyon. Based on estimated methane emissions and measured oxidation rates, the oxidation of this methane to dissolved CO2 is expected to have minimal influences on seawater pH.
C1 [Weinstein, Alexander; Navarrete, Luis; Leonte, Mihai; Kessler, John D.] Univ Rochester, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14611 USA.
[Ruppel, Carolyn] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Weber, Thomas C.] Univ New Hampshire, Sch Marine Sci & Ocean Engn, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Kellermann, Matthias Y.; Valentine, David L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Arrington, Eleanor C.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Interdept Grad Program Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Valentine, David L.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Scranton, Mary I.] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA.
RP Kessler, JD (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 601 Elmwood Ave, Rochester, NY 14611 USA.
EM john.kessler@rochester.edu
OI Ruppel, Carolyn/0000-0003-2284-6632
FU National Science Foundation [OCE-1318102]; Sloan foundation; U.S.
Department of Energy [DE-FE0013999]; NSF [OCE-1352301]; DOE-USGS
[DE-FE0002911, DE-FE0005806]
FX This research was funded by the National Science Foundation OCE-1318102
to J.D. Kessler. This work was supported in part by a fellowship in
ocean sciences from the Sloan foundation to J.D. Kessler. T.C. Weber was
supported by U.S. Department of Energy award DE-FE0013999 and NSF
OCE-1352301. C. Ruppel was partially supported by DOE-USGS interagency
agreements DE-FE0002911 and DE-FE0005806. The data presented in this
work can be found in the supporting information, while all underway and
CTD data sets from this expedition are freely available on the Rolling
Deck to Repository (R2R) website found at
http://www.rvdata.us/catalog/EN541 (doi: 10.7284/903242). We thank Katy
Sparrow, Mengran Du, Alexandre Chepigin, Bethany Rosemore, and Arielle
Green for help with at-sea sample collection, Nick Huynh for laboratory
assistance, as well as the captain, crew, and Bill Fanning of the R/V
Endeavor for unending enthusiasm, professionalism, and support at sea.
Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government. A. Weinstein and L. Navarrete
contributed equally to this work.
NR 39
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Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 10
BP 3882
EP 3892
DI 10.1002/2016GC006421
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA ED2QZ
UT WOS:000388694600004
ER
PT J
AU Gaudin, D
Taddeucci, J
Houghton, BF
Orr, TR
Andronico, D
Del Bello, E
Kueppers, U
Ricci, T
Scarlato, P
AF Gaudin, D.
Taddeucci, J.
Houghton, B. F.
Orr, T. R.
Andronico, D.
Del Bello, E.
Kueppers, U.
Ricci, T.
Scarlato, P.
TI 3-D high-speed imaging of volcanic bomb trajectory in basaltic explosive
eruptions
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE TRACKING VELOCIMETRY; 3-DIMENSIONAL FLOWS; STROMBOLI
AB Imaging, in general, and high speed imaging in particular are important emerging tools for the study of explosive volcanic eruptions. However, traditional 2-D video observations cannot measure volcanic ejecta motion toward and away from the camera, strongly hindering our capability to fully determine crucial hazard-related parameters such as explosion directionality and pyroclasts' absolute velocity. In this paper, we use up to three synchronized high-speed cameras to reconstruct pyroclasts trajectories in three dimensions. Classical stereographic techniques are adapted to overcome the difficult observation conditions of active volcanic vents, including the large number of overlapping pyroclasts which may change shape in flight, variable lighting and clouding conditions, and lack of direct access to the target. In particular, we use a laser rangefinder to measure the geometry of the filming setup and manually track pyroclasts on the videos. This method reduces uncertainties to 108 in azimuth and dip angle of the pyroclasts, and down to 20% in the absolute velocity estimation. We demonstrate the potential of this approach by three examples: the development of an explosion at Stromboli, a bubble burst at Halema'uma'u lava lake, and an in-flight collision between two bombs at Stromboli.
C1 [Gaudin, D.; Taddeucci, J.; Del Bello, E.; Ricci, T.; Scarlato, P.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
[Gaudin, D.; Kueppers, U.] Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen LMU, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Munich, Germany.
[Houghton, B. F.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Orr, T. R.] Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
[Andronico, D.] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Catania, Osservatorio Etneo, Catania, Italy.
RP Gaudin, D (reprint author), Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Roma 1, Rome, Italy.; Gaudin, D (reprint author), Ludwig Maximilians Univ Munchen LMU, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Munich, Germany.
EM damgaudin@gmail.com
RI Ricci, Tullio/E-1039-2011; Del Bello, Elisabetta/Q-9553-2016; Scarlato,
Piergiorgio/G-1714-2015;
OI Ricci, Tullio/0000-0002-0553-5384; Del Bello,
Elisabetta/0000-0001-8043-7410; Scarlato,
Piergiorgio/0000-0003-1933-0192; Gaudin, Damien/0000-0001-5888-9269
FU European Union [289976]; NSF [EAR-1145159, 1427357]
FX The research leading to these results has received funding from the
People Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union's Seventh
Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the project NEMOH, REA grant
agreement 289976, NORth, and NSF grants EAR-1145159, and 1427357. The
authors thank M. James, M. Jaud and M. Moroni for fruitful discussions,
and M. Bombrun, H. Dietterich and an anonymous reviewer who
significantly improved the quality of the paper by their constructive
reviews. Supporting information are available on the G3 repository. Raw
data supporting this paper are available at INGV Roma-Department of
Seismology and Tectonophysics, HP-HT lab. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 10
BP 4268
EP 4275
DI 10.1002/2016GC006560
PG 8
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA ED2QZ
UT WOS:000388694600026
ER
PT J
AU Gionfriddo, CM
Tate, MT
Wick, RR
Schultz, MB
Zemla, A
Thelen, MP
Schofield, R
Krabbenhoft, DP
Holt, KE
Moreau, JW
AF Gionfriddo, Caitlin M.
Tate, Michael T.
Wick, Ryan R.
Schultz, Mark B.
Zemla, Adam
Thelen, Michael P.
Schofield, Robyn
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Holt, Kathryn E.
Moreau, John W.
TI Microbial mercury methylation in Antarctic sea ice
SO Nature Microbiology
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROSPINA-LIKE BACTERIA; FRESH-WATER; INORGANIC MERCURY; SURFACE
WATERS; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; ARCTIC-OCEAN; SNOW; BRINE; METHYLMERCURY;
METAGENOMICS
AB Atmospheric deposition of mercury onto sea ice and circumpolar sea water provides mercury for microbial methylation, and contributes to the bioaccumulation of the potent neurotoxin methylmercury in the marine food web. Little is known about the abiotic and biotic controls on microbial mercury methylation in polar marine systems. However, mercury methylation is known to occur alongside photochemical and microbial mercury reduction and subsequent volatilization. Here, we combine mercury speciation measurements of total and methylated mercury with metagenomic analysis of whole-community microbial DNA from Antarctic snow, brine, sea ice and sea water to elucidate potential microbially mediated mercury methylation and volatilization pathways in polar marine environments. Our results identify the marine microaerophilic bacterium Nitrospina as a potential mercury methylator within sea ice. Anaerobic bacteria known to methylate mercury were notably absent from sea-ice metagenomes. We propose that Antarctic sea ice can harbour a microbial source of methylmercury in the Southern Ocean.
C1 [Gionfriddo, Caitlin M.; Schofield, Robyn; Moreau, John W.] Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Tate, Michael T.; Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Wick, Ryan R.; Schultz, Mark B.; Holt, Kathryn E.] Univ Melbourne, Ctr Syst Genom, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Wick, Ryan R.; Schultz, Mark B.; Holt, Kathryn E.] Univ Melbourne, Mol Sci & Biotechnol Inst Bio21, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Zemla, Adam] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Computat Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Thelen, Michael P.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
RP Moreau, JW (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Sch Earth Sci, Parkville, Vic 3010, Australia.
EM jmoreau@unimelb.edu.au
RI Schofield, Robyn/A-4062-2010;
OI Schofield, Robyn/0000-0002-4230-717X; Gionfriddo,
Caitlin/0000-0003-0745-9255; Schultz, Mark/0000-0002-7689-6531
FU Australian Antarctic Division [AAD4032]; University of Melbourne Joyce
Lambert Antarctic Research Seed Funding Grant [501325]
FX The authors acknowledge funding support from the Australian Antarctic
Division (AAD4032, awarded to R.S., J.W.M., M.T.T. and D.P.K.) and The
University of Melbourne Joyce Lambert Antarctic Research Seed Funding
Grant (no. 501325, awarded to M.B.S., K.E.H. and J.W.M.). The authors
thank K. Meiners for contributions to the sea ice chemistry data and
shipboard logistical support as the Chief Scientist of SIPEX II; A.
Klekociuk (Australian Antarctic Division, Co-Investigator on AAD4032)
for shipboard logistical support; D. Lannuzel and A. Bowie (University
of Tasmania) for making trace metal data available and for shipboard
sampling and logistical support; K. Westwood at the Australian Antarctic
Division for assistance in the biology laboratory and contributions to
water chemistry data; and A. Martin, S. Ugalde, F. Chever, C.
Schallenberg and J. Janssens (SIPEX II Science Party) for logistical
assistance on the ice. The authors also thank J. Banfield and B. Thomas
(University of California-Berkeley) for help with ggKbase. The authors
thank J. Santillan and C. Gilmour (Smithsonian Environmental Research
Center) for their constructive review that helped to improve this
manuscript.
NR 93
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 8
U2 8
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2058-5276
J9 NAT MICROBIOL
JI NAT. MICROBIOL
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 1
IS 10
AR 16127
DI 10.1038/NMICROBIOL.2016.127
PG 12
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA ED8RS
UT WOS:000389139200004
PM 27670112
ER
PT J
AU Bonar, SA
Fife, DA
Bonar, JS
AF Bonar, Scott A.
Fife, Deanna A.
Bonar, John S.
TI How Well Are You Teaching One of the Most Important Biological Concepts
for Humankind? A Call to Action
SO AMERICAN BIOLOGY TEACHER
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Biol Sci East 104, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Fife, Deanna A.] Lawrence W Cross Middle Sch, 25 W Calle Concordia, Oro Valley, AZ 85704 USA.
[Fife, Deanna A.] Canyon del Oro High Sch, 25 W Calle Concordia, Oro Valley, AZ 85704 USA.
[Fife, Deanna A.] Arizona Project WET, Tucson Educ Program, 350 N Campbell Dr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Bonar, John S.] Mt Vernon Senior High Sch, 700 Harriett St, Mt Vernon, IN 47620 USA.
[Bonar, John S.] 2001 W Rudasill Rd, Tucson, AZ 85704 USA.
RP Bonar, SA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Biol Sci East 104, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ASSOC BIOLOGY TEACHERS INC
PI RESTON
PA 12030 SUNRISE VALLEY DR, #110, RESTON, VA 20191 USA
SN 0002-7685
EI 1938-4211
J9 AM BIOL TEACH
JI Am. Biol. Teach.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 78
IS 8
BP 623
EP 623
DI 10.1525/abt.2016.78.8.623
PG 1
WC Biology; Education, Scientific Disciplines
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Education & Educational
Research
GA ED3DX
UT WOS:000388730700001
ER
PT J
AU Ringler, AT
Wilson, DC
Storm, T
Marshall, B
Hutt, CR
Holland, AA
AF Ringler, A. T.
Wilson, D. C.
Storm, T.
Marshall, B.
Hutt, C. R.
Holland, A. A.
TI Noise Reduction in Long-Period Seismograms by Way of Array Summing
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID PHASE-WEIGHTED STACKING; STATIONS; QUALITY; FIELD; SIGNALS; SENSORS;
STRAIN
AB Long-period (> 100 s period) seismic data can often be dominated by instrumental noise as well as local site noise. When multiple collocated sensors are installed at a single site, it is possible to improve the overall station noise levels by applying stacking methods to their traces. We look at the noise reduction in long-period seismic data by applying the time-frequency phase-weighted stacking method of Schimmel and Gallart (2007) as well as the phase-weighted stacking (PWS) method of Schimmel and Paulssen (1997) to four collocated broadband sensors installed in the quiet Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory underground vault. We show that such stacking methods can improve vertical noise levels by as much as 10 dB over the mean background noise levels at 400 s period, suggesting that greater improvements could be achieved with an array involving multiple sensors. We also apply this method to reduce local incoherent noise on horizontal seismic records of the 2 March 2016 M-w 7.8 Sumatra earthquake, where the incoherent noise levels at very long periods are similar in amplitude to the earthquake signal. To maximize the coherency, we apply the PWS method to horizontal data where relative azimuths between collocated sensors are estimated and compared with a simpler linear stack with no azimuthal rotation. Such methods could help reduce noise levels at various seismic stations where multiple high-quality sensors have been deployed. Such small arrays may also provide a solution to improving long-period noise levels at Global Seismographic Network stations.
C1 [Ringler, A. T.; Wilson, D. C.; Storm, T.; Hutt, C. R.; Holland, A. A.] US Geol Survey, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, POB 82010, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
[Marshall, B.] Honeywell Technol Solut Inc, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, POB 82010, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
RP Ringler, AT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Albuquerque Seismol Lab, POB 82010, Albuquerque, NM 87198 USA.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 106
IS 5
BP 1991
EP 1997
DI 10.1785/0120160129
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC8BN
UT WOS:000388365100007
ER
PT J
AU Llenos, AL
Michael, AJ
AF Llenos, Andrea L.
Michael, Andrew J.
TI Characterizing Potentially Induced Earthquake Rate Changes in the
Brawley Seismic Zone, Southern California
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID POINT-PROCESS MODELS; IMPERIAL-VALLEY; SALTON-SEA; OCCURRENCES;
MAGNITUDE; IDENTIFICATION; COMPLETENESS; CATALOGS; SWARM
AB The Brawley seismic zone (BSZ), in the Salton trough of southern California, has a history of earthquake swarms and geothermal energy exploitation. Some earthquake rate changes may have been induced by fluid extraction and injection activity at local geothermal fields, particularly at the North Brawley Geothermal Field (NBGF) and at the Salton Sea Geothermal Field (SSGF). We explore this issue by examining earthquake rate changes and interevent distance distributions in these fields. In Oklahoma and Arkansas, where considerable wastewater injection occurs, increases in background seismicity rate and aftershock productivity and decreases in interevent distance were indicative of fluid-injection-induced seismicity. Here, we test if similar changes occur that may be associated with fluid injection and extraction in geothermal areas. We use stochastic epidemic-type aftershock sequence models to detect changes in the underlying seismogenic processes, shown by statistically significant changes in the model parameters. The most robust model changes in the SSGF roughly occur when large changes in net fluid production occur, but a similar correlation is not seen in the NBGF. Also, although both background seismicity rate and aftershock productivity increased for fluid-injection-induced earthquake rate changes in Oklahoma and Arkansas, the background rate increases significantly in the BSZ only, roughly corresponding with net fluid production rate increases. Moreover, in both fields the interevent spacing does not change significantly during active energy projects. This suggests that, although geothermal field activities in a tectonically active region may not significantly change the physics of earthquake interactions, earthquake rates may still be driven by fluid injection or extraction rates, particularly in the SSGF.
C1 [Llenos, Andrea L.; Michael, Andrew J.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Llenos, AL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd,MS 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM allenos@usgs.gov
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 106
IS 5
BP 2045
EP 2062
DI 10.1785/0120150053
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC8BN
UT WOS:000388365100012
ER
PT J
AU Graves, R
Pitarka, A
AF Graves, Robert
Pitarka, Arben
TI Kinematic Ground-Motion Simulations on Rough Faults Including Effects of
3D Stochastic Velocity Perturbations
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID 1979 IMPERIAL-VALLEY; DYNAMIC-RUPTURE MODELS; LOS-ANGELES BASIN;
SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; CRUSTAL HETEROGENEITY; HORIZONTAL COMPONENTS; SOURCE
PARAMETERS; RESPONSE SPECTRA; WAVE-PROPAGATION; SEISMIC-WAVES
AB We describe a methodology for generating kinematic earthquake ruptures for use in 3D ground-motion simulations over the 0-5 Hz frequency band. Our approach begins by specifying a spatially random slip distribution that has a roughly wavenumber-squared fall-off. Given a hypocenter, the rupture speed is specified to average about 75%-80% of the local shear wavespeed and the prescribed slip-rate function has a Kostrov-like shape with a fault-averaged rise time that scales self-similarly with the seismic moment. Both the rupture time and rise time include significant local perturbations across the fault surface specified by spatially random fields that are partially correlated with the underlying slip distribution. We represent velocity-strengthening fault zones in the shallow (< 5 km) and deep (> 15 km) crust by decreasing rupture speed and increasing rise time in these regions. Additional refinements to this approach include the incorporation of geometric perturbations to the fault surface, 3D stochastic correlated perturbations to the P- and S-wave velocity structure, and a damage zone surrounding the shallow fault surface characterized by a 30% reduction in seismic velocity. We demonstrate the approach using a suite of simulations for a hypothetical M-w 6.45 strike-slip earthquake embedded in a generalized hard-rock velocity structure. The simulation results are compared with the median predictions from the 2014 Next Generation Attenuation-West2 Project ground-motion prediction equations and show very good agreement over the frequency band 0.1-5 Hz for distances out to 25 km from the fault. Additionally, the newly added features act to reduce the coherency of the radiated higher frequency (f > 1 Hz) ground motions, and homogenize radiation-pattern effects in this same bandwidth, which move the simulations closer to the statistical characteristics of observed motions as illustrated by comparison with recordings from the 1979 Imperial Valley earthquake.
C1 [Graves, Robert] US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Pitarka, Arben] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, 7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Graves, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 S Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM rwgraves@usgs.gov; pitarka1@llnl.gov
FU National Science Foundation [OCI-0725070, ACI-1238993, OCI-1440085];
state of Illinois; U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore
National Laboratory [DE-AC52-07NA27344]
FX Constructive reviews provided by Art Frankel, Elizabeth Cochran, Steve
Day, Steve Hickman, and an anonymous reviewer were very helpful in
revising the article and making it acceptable for publication. Some of
the large-scale computations were performed using the resources of the
Blue Waters sustained-petascale computing project, which is supported by
the National Science Foundation (Awards OCI-0725070 and ACI-1238993) and
the state of Illinois. Blue Waters is a joint effort of the University
of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and its National Center for
Supercomputing Applications. Access to these resources is also part of
the "Extending the Spatiotemporal Scales of Physics-based Seismic Hazard
Analysis" allocation made to the Southern California Earthquake Center
(SCEC) by the National Science Foundation (Award OCI-1440085). Part of
this work was performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of
Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract Number
DE-AC52-07NA27344. This is SCEC Contribution 6226.
NR 59
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 106
IS 5
BP 2136
EP 2153
DI 10.1785/0120160088
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC8BN
UT WOS:000388365100018
ER
PT J
AU Wheeler, RL
AF Wheeler, Russell L.
TI Maximum Magnitude (M-max) in the Central and Eastern United States for
the 2014 US Geological Survey Hazard Model
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID LARGE SHALLOW EARTHQUAKES; STABLE CONTINENTAL REGIONS; RUPTURE LENGTH;
RIFTED MARGIN; FAULT ZONE; DISPLACEMENT; APPALACHIANS; SEGMENT; WIDTH
AB Probabilistic seismic-hazard assessment (PSHA) requires an estimate of M-max, the moment magnitude M of the largest earthquake that could occur within a specified area. Sparse seismicity hinders M-max estimation in the central and eastern United States (CEUS) and tectonically similar regions worldwide (stable continental regions left perpendicularSCRsright perpendicular). A new global catalog of moderate-to-large SCR earthquakes is analyzed with minimal assumptions about enigmatic geologic controls on SCR M-max. An earlier observation that SCR earthquakes of M7.0 and larger occur in young (250-23 Ma) passive continental margins and associated rifts but not in cratons is not strongly supported by the new catalog. SCR earthquakes of M 7.5 and larger are slightly more numerous and reach slightly higher M in young passive margins and rifts than in cratons. However, overall histograms of M from young margins and rifts and from cratons are statistically indistinguishable. This conclusion is robust under uncertainties in M, the locations of SCR boundaries, and which of two available global SCR catalogs is used. The conclusion stems largely from recent findings that (1) large southeast Asian earthquakes once thought to be SCR were in actively deforming crust and (2) long escarpments in cratonic Australia were formed by prehistoric faulting. The 2014 seismic-hazard model of the U.S. Geological Survey represents CEUS M-max as four-point probability distributions. The distributions have weighted averages of M 7.0 in cratons and M 7.4 in passive margins and rifts. These weighted averages are consistent with M-max estimates of other SCR PSHAs of the CEUS, southeastern Canada, Australia, and India.
C1 [Wheeler, Russell L.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Wheeler, RL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046,MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
NR 80
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 106
IS 5
BP 2154
EP 2167
DI 10.1785/0120160048
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC8BN
UT WOS:000388365100019
ER
PT J
AU Page, MT
van der Elst, N
Hardebeck, J
Felzer, K
Michael, AJ
AF Page, Morgan T.
van der Elst, Nicholas
Hardebeck, Jeanne
Felzer, Karen
Michael, Andrew J.
TI Three Ingredients for Improved Global Aftershock Forecasts: Tectonic
Region, Time-Dependent Catalog Incompleteness, and Intersequence
Variability
SO BULLETIN OF THE SEISMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTHQUAKE CATALOGS; SHORT-TERM; MAGNITUDE; MODELS; CALIFORNIA
AB Following a large earthquake, seismic hazard can be orders of magnitude higher than the long-term average as a result of aftershock triggering. Because of this heightened hazard, emergency managers and the public demand rapid, authoritative, and reliable aftershock forecasts. In the past, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) aftershock forecasts following large global earthquakes have been released on an ad hoc basis with inconsistent methods, and in some cases aftershock parameters adapted from California. To remedy this, the USGS is currently developing an automated aftershock product based on the Reasenberg and Jones (1989) method that will generate more accurate forecasts. To better capture spatial variations in aftershock productivity and decay, we estimate regional aftershock parameters for sequences within the Garcia et al. (2012) tectonic regions. We find that regional variations for mean aftershock productivity reach almost a factor of 10. We also develop a method to account for the time-dependent magnitude of completeness following large events in the catalog. In addition to estimating average sequence parameters within regions, we develop an inverse method to estimate the intersequence parameter variability. This allows for a more complete quantification of the forecast uncertainties and Bayesian updating of the forecast as sequence-specific information becomes available.
C1 [Page, Morgan T.; van der Elst, Nicholas; Felzer, Karen] US Geol Survey, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Hardebeck, Jeanne; Michael, Andrew J.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Page, MT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 525 South Wilson Ave, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM pagem@caltech.edu; nvanderelst@usgs.gov; jhardebeck@usgs.gov;
kfelzer@usgs.gov; michael@usgs.gov
OI Hardebeck, Jeanne/0000-0002-6737-7780
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SEISMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI ALBANY
PA 400 EVELYN AVE, SUITE 201, ALBANY, CA 94706-1375 USA
SN 0037-1106
EI 1943-3573
J9 B SEISMOL SOC AM
JI Bull. Seismol. Soc. Amer.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 106
IS 5
BP 2290
EP 2301
DI 10.1785/0120160073
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC8BN
UT WOS:000388365100030
ER
PT J
AU Nicol, S
Wiederholt, R
Diffendorfer, JE
Mattsson, BJ
Thogmartin, WE
Semmens, DJ
Lopez-Hoffman, L
Norris, DR
AF Nicol, Sam
Wiederholt, Ruscena
Diffendorfer, Jay E.
Mattsson, Brady J.
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
Semmens, Darius J.
Lopez-Hoffman, Laura
Norris, D. Ryan
TI A management-oriented framework for selecting metrics used to assess
habitat- and path-specific quality in spatially structured populations
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Review
DE Spatially structured populations; Decision theory; Graph theory;
Occupancy; Metapopulations; Perturbation analysis
ID LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; METAPOPULATION DYNAMICS; CONCEPTUAL-FRAMEWORK;
OPTIMAL CONSERVATION; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; MIGRATORY ANIMALS; ANNUAL
CYCLE; MODELS; PERSISTENCE; NETWORK
AB Mobile species with complex spatial dynamics can be difficult to manage because their population distributions vary across space and time, and because the consequences of managing particular habitats are uncertain when evaluated at the level of the entire population. Metrics to assess the importance of habitats and pathways connecting habitats in a network are necessary to guide a variety of management decisions. Given the many metrics developed for spatially structured models, it can be challenging to select the most appropriate one for a particular decision. To guide the management of spatially structured populations, we define three classes of metrics describing habitat and pathway quality based on their data requirements (graph-based, occupancy-based, and demographic-based metrics) and Synopsize the ecological literature relating to these classes. Applying the first steps of a formal decision-making approach (problem framing, objectives, and management actions), we assess the utility of metrics for particular types of management decisions. Our framework can help managers with problem framing, choosing metrics of habitat and pathway quality, and to elucidate the data needs for a particular metric. Our goal is to help managers to narrow the range of suitable metrics for a management project, and aid in decision-making to make the best use of limited resources. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nicol, Sam] CSIRO Land & Water, EcoSci Precinct, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia.
[Wiederholt, Ruscena; Lopez-Hoffman, Laura] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Wiederholt, Ruscena; Lopez-Hoffman, Laura] Univ Arizona, Udall Ctr Studies Publ Policy, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Diffendorfer, Jay E.; Semmens, Darius J.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Mattsson, Brady J.] Univ Nat Resources & Life Sci, Inst Silviculture, Vienna, Austria.
[Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Norris, D. Ryan] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Nicol, S (reprint author), CSIRO Land & Water, EcoSci Precinct, Dutton Pk, Qld 4102, Australia.
EM sam.nicol@csiro.au
RI Nicol, Samuel/I-1074-2012; Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008;
OI Nicol, Samuel/0000-0002-1160-7444; Thogmartin,
Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279; Diffendorfer, James/0000-0003-1093-6948
FU National Institute for Mathematical and Biological Synthesis working
group on Habitat for Migratory Species - National Science Foundation
through NSF [DBI-1300426]
FX This work was supported by the National Institute for Mathematical and
Biological Synthesis working group on Habitat for Migratory Species,
funded by the National Science Foundation through NSF Award
#DBI-1300426. We thank the members of the group for discussions
regarding this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names are
for descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 99
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 69
BP 792
EP 802
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.05.027
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED3YT
UT WOS:000388785100077
ER
PT J
AU Gawehn, M
van Dongeren, A
van Rooijen, A
Storlazzi, CD
Cheriton, OM
Reniers, A
AF Gawehn, Matthijs
van Dongeren, Ap
van Rooijen, Arnold
Storlazzi, Curt D.
Cheriton, Olivia M.
Reniers, Ad
TI Identification and classification of very low frequency waves on a coral
reef flat
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
LA English
DT Article
DE infragravity waves; coastal flooding; resonance; coral reefs; atolls;
Kwajalein Atoll
ID FRINGING REEFS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER-LEVEL; INFRAGRAVITY WAVE; LAGOON
SYSTEM; LONG WAVES; SURF BEAT; SET-UP; TRANSFORMATION; RUNUP
AB Very low frequency (VLF, 0.001-0.005 Hz) waves are important drivers of flooding of low-lying coral reef-islands. In particular, VLF wave resonance is known to drive large wave runup and subsequent overwash. Using a 5 month data set of water levels and waves collected along a cross-reef transect on Roi-Namur Island in the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the observed VLF motions were categorized into four different classes: (1) resonant, (2) (nonresonant) standing, (3) progressive-growing, and (4) progressive-dissipative waves. Each VLF class is set by the reef flat water depth and, in the case of resonance, the incident-band offshore wave period. Using an improved method to identify VLF wave resonance, we find that VLF wave resonance caused prolonged (approximate to 0.5-6.0 h), large-amplitude water surface oscillations at the inner reef flat ranging in wave height from 0.14 to 0.83 m. It was induced by relatively long-period, grouped, incident-band waves, and occurred under both storm and nonstorm conditions. Moreover, observed resonant VLF waves had nonlinear, bore-like wave shapes, which likely have a larger impact on the shoreline than regular, sinusoidal waveforms. As an alternative technique to the commonly used Fast Fourier Transformation, we propose the Hilbert-Huang Transformation that is more computationally expensive but can capture the wave shape more accurately. This research demonstrates that understanding VLF waves on reef flats is important for evaluating coastal flooding hazards.
C1 [Gawehn, Matthijs; van Dongeren, Ap; van Rooijen, Arnold; Reniers, Ad] Deltares, Dept Appl Morphodynam, Unit Marine & Coastal Syst, Delft, Netherlands.
[Gawehn, Matthijs; Reniers, Ad] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Delft, Netherlands.
[van Rooijen, Arnold] Univ Western Australia, Sch Earth & Environm, Crawley, WA, Australia.
[van Rooijen, Arnold] Univ Western Australia, UWA Oceans Inst, Crawley, WA, Australia.
[Storlazzi, Curt D.; Cheriton, Olivia M.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
RP Gawehn, M (reprint author), Deltares, Dept Appl Morphodynam, Unit Marine & Coastal Syst, Delft, Netherlands.; Gawehn, M (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Delft, Netherlands.
EM Matthijs.Gawehn@deltares.nl
FU U.S. Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program [RC-2334]; U.S. Geological Survey's Pacific Coastal
and Marine Science Center; Deltares through the Deltares Strategic
Research in the "Hydro- and morphodynamics during extreme events"
program [1230002]
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of Defense's Strategic
Environmental Research and Development Program under Project RC-2334
("The Impact of Sea-Level Rise and Climate Change on Department of
Defense Installations on Atolls in the Pacific Ocean"), the U.S.
Geological Survey's Pacific Coastal and Marine Science Center, and
Deltares through the Deltares Strategic Research in the "Hydro- and
morphodynamics during extreme events" program (1230002). Joshua Logan,
Kurt Rosenberger, and Thomas Reiss (USGS) provided invaluable field and
data support. We would like to thank the U.S. Army Garrison-Kwajalein
Atoll (USAG-KA) for their overarching support of this project. We are
grateful to Andrew Pomeroy of the University of Western Australia for
providing his cross-correlation analysis scripts. Thanks to Joachim
Gawehn for suggesting the use of a Hilbert Huang Transformation. Use of
trademark names does not imply USGS endorsement of products. The USGS
data sets presented herein can be obtained by sending a written request
to the corresponding author.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9275
EI 2169-9291
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-OCEANS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Oceans
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 10
BP 7560
EP 7574
DI 10.1002/2016JC011834
PG 15
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA ED1JS
UT WOS:000388602200019
ER
PT J
AU Han, L
Hole, JA
Stock, JM
Fuis, GS
Kell, A
Driscoll, NW
Kent, GM
Harding, AJ
Rymer, MJ
Gonzalez-Fernandez, A
Lazaro-Mancilla, O
AF Han, Liang
Hole, John A.
Stock, Joann M.
Fuis, Gary S.
Kell, Annie
Driscoll, Neal W.
Kent, Graham M.
Harding, Alistair J.
Rymer, Michael J.
Gonzalez-Fernandez, Antonio
Lazaro-Mancilla, Octavio
TI Continental rupture and the creation of new crust in the Salton Trough
rift, Southern California and northern Mexico: Results from the Salton
Seismic Imaging Project
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
ID GULF-OF-CALIFORNIA; IMPERIAL-VALLEY REGION; AMERICA PLATE MOTION;
COLORADO RIVER DELTA; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; VELOCITY MODEL; TRAVEL-TIME;
ALTAR BASIN; SEA; MAGMATISM
AB A refraction and wide-angle reflection seismic profile along the axis of the Salton Trough, California and Mexico, was analyzed to constrain crustal and upper mantle seismic velocity structure during active continental rifting. From the northern Salton Sea to the southern Imperial Valley, the crust is 17-18 km thick and approximately one-dimensional. The transition at depth from Colorado River sediment to underlying crystalline rock is gradual and is not a depositional surface. The crystalline rock from similar to 3 to similar to 8 km depth is interpreted as sediment metamorphosed by high heat flow. Deeper felsic crystalline rock could be stretched preexisting crust or higher-grade metamorphosed sediment. The lower crust below similar to 12 km depth is interpreted to be gabbro emplaced by rift-related magmatic intrusion by underplating. Low upper mantle velocity indicates high temperature and partial melting. Under the Coachella Valley, sediment thins to the north and the underlying crystalline rock is interpreted as granitic basement. Mafic rock does not exist at 12-18 km depth as it does to the south, and a weak reflection suggests Moho at similar to 28 km depth. Structure in adjacent Mexico has slower midcrustal velocity, and rocks with mantle velocity must be much deeper than in the Imperial Valley. Slower velocity and thicker crust in the Coachella and Mexicali valleys define the rift zone between them to be >100 km wide in the direction of plate motion. North American lithosphere in the central Salton Trough has been rifted apart and is being replaced by new crust created by magmatism, sedimentation, and metamorphism.
C1 [Han, Liang; Hole, John A.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Stock, Joann M.] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Fuis, Gary S.; Rymer, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kell, Annie; Kent, Graham M.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Seismol Lab, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Driscoll, Neal W.; Harding, Alistair J.] Univ Calif San Diego, Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Gonzalez-Fernandez, Antonio] Ctr Invest Cient & Educ Super Ensenada, Dept Geol, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico.
[Lazaro-Mancilla, Octavio] Univ Autonoma Baja California, Inst Ingn, Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico.
RP Han, L (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM lianghan@vt.edu
OI Gonzalez Fernandez, Antonio/0000-0002-0910-8240; Hole,
John/0000-0002-5349-9111
FU NSF [0742263, 0742253, 0927446, EAR-1033462]; U.S. Geological Survey;
Southern California Earthquake Center (SCEC) [6244]; USGS [G12AC20038]
FX This research was supported by NSF MARGINS and EarthScope grants 0742263
to J.A.H. and 0742253 to J.M.S., by NSF Marine Geology and Geophysics
grant 0927446 to N.W.D. and G.M.K., by the U.S. Geological Survey's
Multihazards Research Program, and by the Southern California Earthquake
Center (SCEC) (contribution 6244). SCEC is funded by NSF cooperative
agreement EAR-1033462 and USGS cooperative agreement G12AC20038. We
thank the >90 field volunteers and USGS personnel who made data
acquisition possible. Numerous landowners allowed access for shots and
stations and are acknowledged in Rose et al. [2013]. Seismographs and
technical support were provided by the IRIS-PASSCAL instrument facility;
special thanks go to Mouse Reusch and Patrick Bastien from PASSCAL for
their field and data efforts. We also thank the Associate Editor and two
anonymous reviewers for their helpful and constructive reviews. The data
have been archived at the IRIS DMC
(ds.iris.edu/pic-ph5/metadata/SSIP/form.php).
NR 77
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 10
BP 7469
EP 7489
DI 10.1002/2016JB013139
PG 21
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC9CQ
UT WOS:000388441800028
ER
PT J
AU Beatty, WS
Jay, CV
Fischbach, AS
AF Beatty, William S.
Jay, Chadwick V.
Fischbach, Anthony S.
TI An evaluation of behavior inferences from Bayesian state-space models: A
case study with the Pacific walrus
SO MARINE MAMMAL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE animal movement; biologging; kernel overlap; Odobenus rosmarus;
radiotelemetry; space use; state-space model; utilization distributions
ID AREA-RESTRICTED SEARCH; INDIVIDUAL ANIMAL MOVEMENT; HABITAT SELECTION;
RANDOM-WALKS; TELEMETRY ERROR; CHUKCHI SEAS; FINE-SCALE; GPS; RANGE;
ACCURACY
AB State-space models offer researchers an objective approach to modeling complex animal location data sets, and state-space model behavior classifications are often assumed to have a link to animal behavior. In this study, we evaluated the behavioral classification accuracy of a Bayesian state-space model in Pacific walruses using Argos satellite tags with sensors to detect animal behavior in real time. We fit a two-state discrete-time continuous-space Bayesian state-space model to data from 306 Pacific walruses tagged in the Chukchi Sea. We matched predicted locations and behaviors from the state-space model (resident, transient behavior) to true animal behavior (foraging, swimming, hauled out) and evaluated classification accuracy with kappa statistics (kappa) and root mean square error (RMSE). In addition, we compared biased random bridge utilization distributions generated with resident behavior locations to true foraging behavior locations to evaluate differences in space use patterns. Results indicated that the two-state model fairly classified true animal behavior (0.06 <= kappa <= 0.26, 0.49 <= RMSE <= 0.59). Kernel overlap metrics indicated utilization distributions generated with resident behavior locations were generally smaller than utilization distributions generated with true foraging behavior locations. Consequently, we encourage researchers to carefully examine parameters and priors associated with behaviors in state-space models, and reconcile these parameters with the study species and its expected behaviors.
C1 [Beatty, William S.; Jay, Chadwick V.; Fischbach, Anthony S.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Beatty, WS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM wbeatty@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Changing Arctic Ecosystems initiative
FX Walrus tagging protocols were approved by the U.S. Geological Survey,
Alaska Science Center Animal Care and Use Committee under a federal
permit (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service permits Nos. MA801652-4,
MA801652-5, MA801652-6). Funding for this project was provided by the
U.S. Geological Survey, Changing Arctic Ecosystems initiative. We thank
R. Taylor and M. Udevitz for assistance with Bayesian state-space models
and model script. We thank three anonymous reviewers who provided
comments that greatly improved the manuscript. We also thank Jeff
Falgout for assistance with computing resources. This research used
resources of the Core Science Analytics and Synthesis Applied Research
Computing program at the U.S. Geological Survey. State-space model and
behavior data are available from the U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska
Science Center (http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F77M060G). Any use of trade
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not represent
endorsement by the U.S. federal government.
NR 72
TC 0
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U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0824-0469
EI 1748-7692
J9 MAR MAMMAL SCI
JI Mar. Mamm. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 4
BP 1299
EP 1318
DI 10.1111/mms.12332
PG 20
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Zoology
GA ED1UW
UT WOS:000388631400007
ER
PT J
AU Masbruch, MD
Rumsey, CA
Gangopadhyay, S
Susong, DD
Pruitt, T
AF Masbruch, Melissa D.
Rumsey, Christine A.
Gangopadhyay, Subhrendu
Susong, David D.
Pruitt, Tom
TI Analyses of infrequent (quasi-decadal) large groundwater recharge events
in the northern Great Basin: Their importance for groundwater
availability, use, and management
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE groundwater recharge; groundwater storage; climate; multivariate
analysis; groundwater modeling
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLORADO RIVER-BASIN; HYDROLOGIC
TIME-SERIES; CLIMATIC VARIABILITY; SALT-LAKE; EPISODIC RECHARGE; DOMAIN
APPROACH; MOUNTAIN-FRONT; WATER; PRECIPITATION
AB There has been a considerable amount of research linking climatic variability to hydrologic responses in the western United States. Although much effort has been spent to assess and predict changes in surface water resources, little has been done to understand how climatic events and changes affect groundwater resources. This study focuses on characterizing and quantifying the effects of large, multiyear, quasi-decadal groundwater recharge events in the northern Utah portion of the Great Basin for the period 1960-2013. Annual groundwater level data were analyzed with climatic data to characterize climatic conditions and frequency of these large recharge events. Using observed water-level changes and multivariate analysis, five large groundwater recharge events were identified with a frequency of about 11-13 years. These events were generally characterized as having above-average annual precipitation and snow water equivalent and below-average seasonal temperatures, especially during the spring (April through June). Existing groundwater flow models for several basins within the study area were used to quantify changes in groundwater storage from these events. Simulated groundwater storage increases per basin from a single recharge event ranged from about 115 to 205 Mm(3). Extrapolating these amounts over the entire northern Great Basin indicates that a single large quasi-decadal recharge event could result in billions of cubic meters of groundwater storage. Understanding the role of these large quasi-decadal recharge events in replenishing aquifers and sustaining water supplies is crucial for long-term groundwater management.
C1 [Masbruch, Melissa D.; Rumsey, Christine A.; Susong, David D.] US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
[Gangopadhyay, Subhrendu; Pruitt, Tom] US Bur Reclamat, Tech Serv Ctr, Denver, CO USA.
RP Masbruch, MD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
EM mmasbruch@usgs.gov
FU Bureau of Reclamation, Science and Technology Program [R14PG00026]
FX Funding for this project was provided by Bureau of Reclamation, Science
and Technology Program under Interagency Agreement Number R14PG00026.
Groundwater level data used in this study were obtained from the U.S.
Geological Survey's National Water Information System database available
at http://waterdata.usgs.gov/nwis (accessed on 10 January 2014).
Specific site information for the wells from which the water level data
were measured is given in the Supporting Information (Table S1). Monthly
precipitation and temperature records were obtained from the Western
Regional Climate Center available at http://www.wrcc.dri.edu (accessed
on 15 December 2014). Annual snow water equivalent data were obtained
from snow course data provided by the Natural Resources Conservation
Service available at http://www.wcc.nrcs.usda.gov/snow (accessed on 28
April 2015). Specific site information from which the climatological
data were used for the Western Regional Climate Center meteorological
stations and the Natural Resources Conservation Service SNOTEL stations
are given in the Supporting Information (Table S2). The manuscript
benefited and was significantly improved by a review by Mike Dettinger.
NR 65
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U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 10
BP 7819
EP 7836
DI 10.1002/2016WR019060
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA EC9VW
UT WOS:000388493400017
ER
PT J
AU Schook, DM
Friedman, JM
Rathburn, SL
AF Schook, Derek M.
Friedman, Jonathan M.
Rathburn, Sara L.
TI Flow reconstructions in the Upper Missouri River Basin using riparian
tree rings
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE cottonwood; dendrochronology; drought; riparian trees; flow
reconstruction; Missouri River Basin; Regional Curve Standardization;
Yellowstone River
ID WESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; UNITED-STATES; STREAMFLOW RECONSTRUCTIONS; CRUST
SOFTWARE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GREAT-PLAINS; TIME-SERIES; PRECIPITATION;
DROUGHT; GROWTH
AB River flow reconstructions are typically developed using tree rings from montane conifers that cannot reflect flow regulation or hydrologic inputs from the lower portions of a watershed. Incorporating lowland riparian trees may improve the accuracy of flow reconstructions when these trees are physically linked to the alluvial water table. We used riparian plains cottonwoods (Populus deltoides ssp. monilifera) to reconstruct discharge for three neighboring rivers in the Upper Missouri River Basin: the Yellowstone (n=389 tree cores), Powder (n=408), and Little Missouri Rivers (n=643). We used the Regional Curve Standardization approach to reconstruct log-transformed discharge over the 4 months in early summer that most highly correlated to tree ring growth. The reconstructions explained at least 57% of the variance in historical discharge and extended back to 1742, 1729, and 1643. These are the first flow reconstructions for the Lower Yellowstone and Powder Rivers, and they are the furthest downstream among Rocky Mountain rivers in the Missouri River Basin. Although mostly free-flowing, the Yellowstone and Powder Rivers experienced a shift from early-summer to late-summer flows within the last century. This shift is concurrent with increasing irrigation and reservoir storage, and it corresponds to decreased cottonwood growth. Low-frequency flow patterns revealed wet conditions from 1870 to 1980, a period that includes the majority of the historical record. The 1816-1823 and 1861-1865 droughts were more severe than any recorded, revealing that drought risks are underestimated when using the instrumental record alone.
C1 [Schook, Derek M.; Rathburn, Sara L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Friedman, Jonathan M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Schook, DM (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM derek.schook@colostate.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Colorado Scientific Society; Colorado State
University Department of Geosciences; National Science Foundation IGERT
grant "I-WATER: Integrated Water, Atmosphere, Ecosystem Education and
Research Program" at Colorado State University [DGE-0966364]
FX This paper benefited from comments on an earlier draft and conversations
with Greg Pederson, Ellie Griffin, and Dave Meko. John Moody and Bob
Meade facilitated Powder River research. Marshall Wolf, Brendan Elba,
and Fisher Ankney assisted in the field and laboratory. Research was
supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Scientific Society,
Colorado State University Department of Geosciences, and National
Science Foundation IGERT grant DGE-0966364 "I-WATER: Integrated Water,
Atmosphere, Ecosystem Education and Research Program" at Colorado State
University. The data used are listed in the tables, supplements, and at
the International Tree-Ring Data Bank
(http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/data-access/paleoclimatology-data/data-sets/tr
ee-ring). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 85
TC 0
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U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 10
BP 8159
EP 8173
DI 10.1002/2016WR018845
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA EC9VW
UT WOS:000388493400035
ER
PT J
AU Miller, MP
Boyer, EW
McKnight, DM
Brown, MG
Gabor, RS
Hunsaker, CT
Iavorivska, L
Inamdar, S
Johnson, DW
Kaplan, LA
Lin, H
McDowell, WH
Perdrial, JN
AF Miller, Matthew P.
Boyer, Elizabeth W.
McKnight, Diane M.
Brown, Michael G.
Gabor, Rachel S.
Hunsaker, Carolyn T.
Iavorivska, Lidiia
Inamdar, Shreeram
Johnson, Dale W.
Kaplan, Louis A.
Lin, Henry
McDowell, William H.
Perdrial, Julia N.
TI Variation of organic matter quantity and quality in streams at Critical
Zone Observatory watersheds
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE DOM; critical zone; atmospheric deposition; fluorescence
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ECOSYSTEM METABOLISM; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
ACID DEPOSITION; CARBON-CYCLE; FULVIC-ACIDS; SOILS; CATCHMENT; LAKES;
BIODEGRADABILITY
AB The quantity and chemical composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface waters influence ecosystem processes and anthropogenic use of freshwater. However, despite the importance of understanding spatial and temporal patterns in DOM, measures of DOM quality are not routinely included as part of large-scale ecosystem monitoring programs and variations in analytical procedures can introduce artifacts. In this study, we used consistent sampling and analytical methods to meet the objective of defining variability in DOM quantity and quality and other measures of water quality in streamflow issuing from small forested watersheds located within five Critical Zone Observatory sites representing contrasting environmental conditions. Results show distinct separations among sites as a function of water quality constituents. Relationships among rates of atmospheric deposition, water quality conditions, and stream DOM quantity and quality are consistent with the notion that areas with relatively high rates of atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition and high concentrations of divalent cations result in selective transport of DOM derived from microbial sources, including in-stream microbial phototrophs. We suggest that the critical zone as a whole strongly influences the origin, composition, and fate of DOM in streams. This study highlights the value of consistent DOM characterization methods included as part of long-term monitoring programs for improving our understanding of interactions among ecosystem processes as controls on DOM biogeochemistry.
C1 [Miller, Matthew P.; Boyer, Elizabeth W.; Brown, Michael G.; Iavorivska, Lidiia; Lin, Henry] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Miller, Matthew P.] US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[McKnight, Diane M.; Gabor, Rachel S.] Univ Colorado, Dept Civil Environm & Architectural Engn, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Hunsaker, Carolyn T.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Fresno, CA USA.
[Inamdar, Shreeram] Univ Delaware, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Newark, DE 19717 USA.
[Johnson, Dale W.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Kaplan, Louis A.] Stroud Water Res Ctr, Avondale, PA USA.
[McDowell, William H.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Nat Resources & Environm, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Perdrial, Julia N.] Univ Vermont, Dept Geol, Burlington, VT USA.
RP Miller, MP (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Miller, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Utah Water Sci Ctr, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
EM mamiller@usgs.gov
RI McDowell, William/E-9767-2010; Lin, Henry/E-8234-2011;
OI McDowell, William/0000-0002-8739-9047; Iavorivska,
Lidiia/0000-0002-6224-6271; Miller, Matthew/0000-0002-2537-1823
FU National Science Foundation [Southern Sierra: EAR-0725097, Boulder:
EAR-0724960, Shale Hills: EAR-0725019, EAR12-39285, EAR-1331726,
Christina River EAR-0724971, EAR-0809205, Luquillo: EAR-0722476,
EAR-1331841]
FX We thank Eric Parrish, Matt Meadows, Shatrughan Singh, John Bithorn,
Jeff Grimm, and Tim White for technical assistance. Helpful comments on
an earlier draft of this manuscript were provided by Douglas Burns and
three anonymous reviewers. This work was supported in part by the
National Science Foundation (Southern Sierra: EAR-0725097; Boulder:
EAR-0724960; Shale Hills: EAR-0725019, EAR12-39285, EAR-1331726;
Christina River EAR-0724971, EAR-0809205; Luquillo: EAR-0722476,
EAR-1331841). All data from this paper are included here as Supporting
Information.
NR 83
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 10
BP 8202
EP 8216
DI 10.1002/2016WR018970
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA EC9VW
UT WOS:000388493400038
ER
PT J
AU DeLong, SB
Donnellan, A
Ponti, DJ
Rubin, RS
Lienkaemper, JJ
Prentice, CS
Dawson, TE
Seitz, G
Schwartz, DP
Hudnut, KW
Rosa, C
Pickering, A
Parker, JW
AF DeLong, Stephen B.
Donnellan, Andrea
Ponti, Daniel J.
Rubin, Ron S.
Lienkaemper, James J.
Prentice, Carol S.
Dawson, Timothy E.
Seitz, Gordon
Schwartz, David P.
Hudnut, Kenneth W.
Rosa, Carla
Pickering, Alexandra
Parker, Jay W.
TI Tearing the terroir: Details and implications of surface rupture and
deformation from the 24 August 2014 M6.0 South Napa earthquake,
California
SO EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE earthquake; tectonics; surface rupture; deformation; UAVSAR
ID FRANCISCO BAY-REGION; FAULTS; SLIP
AB The M(w)6.0 South Napa earthquake of 24 August 2014 caused slip on several active fault strands within the West Napa Fault Zone (WNFZ). Field mapping identified 12.5km of surface rupture. These field observations, near-field geodesy and space geodesy, together provide evidence for more than similar to 30km of surface deformation with a relatively complex distribution across a number of subparallel lineaments. Along a similar to 7km section north of the epicenter, the surface rupture is confined to a single trace that cuts alluvial deposits, reoccupying a low-slope scarp. The rupture continued northward onto at least four other traces through subparallel ridges and valleys. Postseismic slip exceeded coseismic slip along much of the southern part of the main rupture trace with total slip 1year postevent approaching 0.5m at locations where only a few centimeters were measured the day of the earthquake. Analysis of airborne interferometric synthetic aperture radar data provides slip distributions along fault traces, indicates connectivity and extent of secondary traces, and confirms that postseismic slip only occurred on the main trace of the fault, perhaps indicating secondary structures ruptured as coseismic triggered slip. Previous mapping identified the WNFZ as a zone of distributed faulting, and this was generally borne out by the complex 2014 rupture pattern. Implications for hazard analysis in similar settings include the need to consider the possibility of complex surface rupture in areas of complex topography, especially where multiple potentially Quaternary-active fault strands can be mapped.
C1 [DeLong, Stephen B.; Ponti, Daniel J.; Lienkaemper, James J.; Prentice, Carol S.; Schwartz, David P.; Rosa, Carla; Pickering, Alexandra] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Donnellan, Andrea; Parker, Jay W.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Rubin, Ron S.; Dawson, Timothy E.; Seitz, Gordon] Calif Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Hudnut, Kenneth W.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP DeLong, SB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM sdelong@usgs.gov
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2333-5084
J9 EARTH SPACE SCI
JI Earth Space Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 3
IS 10
BP 416
EP 430
DI 10.1002/2016EA000176
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EC0LZ
UT WOS:000387793900002
ER
PT J
AU DeBoer, JA
Pope, KL
AF DeBoer, Jason A.
Pope, Kevin L.
TI Factors influencing recruitment of walleye and white bass to three
distinct early ontogenetic stages
SO ECOLOGY OF FRESHWATER FISH
LA English
DT Article
DE life history; ontogeny; Sander vitreus; Morone chrysops; irrigation
reservoir
ID WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; STIZOSTEDION-VITREUM-VITREUM; GREAT-PLAINS RESERVOIR;
TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA; AGE-0 GIZZARD SHAD; SOUTH-DAKOTA; PREY AVAILABILITY;
CLASS STRENGTH; LIFE-HISTORY; POPULATION-DYNAMICS
AB Determining the factors that influence recruitment to sequential ontogenetic stages is critical for understanding recruitment dynamics of fish and for effective management of sportfish, particularly in dynamic and unpredictable environments. We sampled walleye (Sander vitreus) and white bass (Morone chrysops) at 3 ontogenetic stages (age 0 during spring: 'age-0 larval'; age 0 during autumn: 'age-0 juvenile'; and age 1 during autumn: 'age-1 juvenile') from 3 reservoirs. We developed multiple linear regression models to describe factors influencing age-0 larval, age-0 juvenile and age-1 juvenile walleye and white bass abundance indices. Our models explained 40-80% (68 +/- 9%; mean +/- SE) and 71%-97% (81 +/- 6%) of the variability in catch for walleye and white bass respectively. For walleye, gizzard shad were present in the candidate model sets for all three ontogenetic stages we assessed. For white bass, there was no unifying variable in all three stage-specific candidate model sets, although walleye abundance was present in two of the three white bass candidate model sets. We were able to determine several factors affecting walleye and white bass year-class strength at multiple ontogenetic stages; comprehensive analyses of factors influencing recruitment to multiple early ontogenetic stages are seemingly rare in the literature. Our models demonstrate the interdependency among early ontogenetic stages and the complexities involved with sportfish recruitment.
C1 [DeBoer, Jason A.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Pope, Kevin L.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 424 Hardin Hall,3310 Holdrege St, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
RP DeBoer, JA (reprint author), Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Illinois River Biol Stn, 704 N Schrader Ave, Havana, IL 62644 USA.
EM jadeboer@illinois.edu
FU Federal Aid in Sport Fisheries Researchtoration [F-174-R]; U.S.
Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission; University of
Nebraska; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank Robert Kill, Ryan Lueckenhoff, Dustin Martin, Chris Lewis and
many others for assistance with field sampling, Caleb Huber, Brad
Newcomb, Brad Eifert and Keith Hurley for providing gillnet data and
Tricia Quon, Zach Shafer, Taylor Dixon, Hannah Hummel and many others
for processing samples in the laboratory. We also thank Mark Pegg, Keith
Koupal, Rick Holland, Megan Thul and several anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. This project was
funded by Federal Aid in Sport Fisheries Researchtoration project
F-174-R, which was administered by the Nebraska Game and Parks
Commission. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The
Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by a cooperative agreement among the U.S. Geological Survey,
the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the University of Nebraska, the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Wildlife Management Institute.
This study was performed under the auspices of the University of
Nebraska-Lincoln Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (protocol #
07-03-013E).
NR 109
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-6691
EI 1600-0633
J9 ECOL FRESHW FISH
JI Ecol. Freshw. Fish
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 4
BP 504
EP 517
DI 10.1111/eff.12229
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EC7HH
UT WOS:000388307300001
ER
PT J
AU Huntington, TG
Balch, WM
Aiken, GR
Sheffield, J
Luo, LF
Roesler, CS
Camill, P
AF Huntington, Thomas G.
Balch, William M.
Aiken, George R.
Sheffield, Justin
Luo, Lifeng
Roesler, Collin S.
Camill, Philip
TI Climate change and dissolved organic carbon export to the Gulf of Maine
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE dissolved organic carbon; carbon cycling; climate impacts on water
quality; Gulf of Maine
ID LONG-TERM TRENDS; UNITED-STATES; ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; ACIDIC
DEPOSITION; NORTHEASTERN US; NEW-ENGLAND; DOC FLUX; RIVERS; TERRESTRIAL;
PRECIPITATION
AB Ongoing climate change is affecting the concentration, export (flux), and timing of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) exported to the Gulf of Maine (GoM) through changes in hydrologic regime. DOC export was calculated for water years 1950 through 2013 for 20 rivers and for water years 1930 through 2013 for 14 rivers draining to the GoM. DOC export was also estimated for the 21st century based on climate and hydrologic modeling in a previously published study. DOC export was calculated by using the regression model LOADEST to fit seasonally adjusted concentration discharge (C-Q) relations. Our results are an analysis of the sensitivity of DOC export to changes in hydrologic conditions over time since land cover and vegetation were held constant over time. Despite large interannual variability, all rivers had increasing DOC export during winter and these trends were significant (p<0.05) in 10 out of 20 rivers for 1950 to 2013 and in 13 out of 14 rivers for 1930 to 2013. All rivers also had increasing annual export of DOC although fewer trends were statistically significant than for winter export. Projections for DOC export during the 21st century were variable depending on the climate model and greenhouse gas emission scenario that affected future river discharge through effects on precipitation and evapotranspiration. The most consistent result was a significant increase in DOC export in winter in all model-by-emission scenarios. DOC export was projected to decrease during the summer in all model-by-emission scenarios, with statistically significant decreases in half of the scenarios.
C1 [Huntington, Thomas G.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[Balch, William M.] Bigelow Lab Ocean Sci, East Boothbay, ME USA.
[Aiken, George R.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Boulder, CO USA.
[Sheffield, Justin] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Luo, Lifeng] Michigan State Univ, Dept Geog Environm & Spatial Sci, E Lansing, MI USA.
[Roesler, Collin S.; Camill, Philip] Bowdoin Coll, Dept Earth & Oceanog Sci, Brunswick, ME 04011 USA.
RP Huntington, TG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
EM thunting@usgs.gov
FU NASA [NNYH04AA661, NNH08A1571, NNX11AQ70G, NNX14AM77G]; U.S. Geological
Survey
FX The historical hydrologic data used in this study are available from the
U.S. Geological Survey NWIS database (10.5066/F7P55KJN). The 21st
century hydrologic data are available from the corresponding author. The
DOC data collected by the USGS are available from the U.S. Geological
Survey NWIS database (10.5066/F7P55KJN), and the data collected by
Bowdoin College are available from the NASA SeaBass archive
(http://seabass.gsfc.nasa.gov/seabasscgi/archive.cgi?q=BOWDOIN/camill/3r
ivers/archive). This work was supported by NASA grants NNYH04AA661 and
NNH08A1571 and the U.S. Geological Survey funds for climate research.
W.M.B. was supported by NASA grants NNX11AQ70G and NNX14AM77G. We thank
hydrologic technicians with the USGS Water Science Center in Augusta,
Maine, for their support in the maintenance of discharge records and
their assistance with sampling, and we thank Kenna Butler, chemist with
the USGS, for her assistance with chemical analysis and database
management. We also thank Anna Bourakovsky and students of Bowdoin
College for the sampling and analysis of water samples from several of
the rivers included in this study. We thank Robert Runkel (USGS,
Boulder, CO) and Timothy Cohn (USGS, Reston, VA) for the assistance with
the application of the LOADEST model. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the USGS.
NR 90
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 10
BP 2700
EP 2716
DI 10.1002/2015JG003314
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA EC0FV
UT WOS:000387774900013
ER
PT J
AU O'Donnell, JA
Aiken, GR
Butler, KD
Guillemette, F
Podgorski, DC
Spencer, RGM
AF O'Donnell, Jonathan A.
Aiken, George R.
Butler, Kenna D.
Guillemette, Francois
Podgorski, David C.
Spencer, Robert G. M.
TI DOM composition and transformation in boreal forest soils: The effects
of temperature and organic-horizon decomposition state
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE dissolved organic matter; boreal; Alaska; carbon cycle; soil organic
matter; FT-ICR MS
ID BLACK SPRUCE ECOSYSTEM; RESOLUTION MASS DATA; INTERIOR ALASKA;
PERMAFROST THAW; CARBON BALANCE; MOLECULAR SIGNATURES; MATTER
FLUORESCENCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; YUKON RIVER; BIODEGRADABILITY
AB The boreal region stores large amounts of organic carbon (C) in organic-soil horizons, which are vulnerable to destabilization via warming and disturbance. Decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM) contributes to the production and turnover of dissolved organic matter (DOM). While temperature is a primary control on rates of SOM and DOM cycling, little is known about temperature effects on DOM composition in soil leachate. Here we conducted a 30day incubation to examine the effects of temperature (20 versus 5 degrees C) and SOM decomposition state (moss versus fibric versus amorphous horizons) on DOM composition in organic soils of interior Alaska. We characterized DOM using bulk dissolved organic C (DOC) concentration, chemical fractionation, optical properties, and ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry. We observed an increase in DOC concentration and DOM aromaticity in the 20 degrees C treatment compared to the 5 degrees C treatment. Leachate from fibric horizons had higher DOC concentration than shallow moss or deep amorphous horizons. We also observed chemical shifts in DOM leachate over time, including increases in hydrophobic organic acids, polyphenols, and condensed aromatics and decreases in low-molecular weight hydrophilic compounds and aliphatics. We compared ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry and optical data and observed strong correlations between polyphenols, condensed aromatics, SUVA(254), and humic-like fluorescence intensities. These findings suggest that biolabile DOM was preferentially mineralized, and the magnitude of this transformation was determined by kinetics (i.e., temperature) and substrate quality (i.e., soil horizon). With future warming, our findings indicate that organic soils may release higher concentrations of aromatic DOM to aquatic ecosystems.
C1 [O'Donnell, Jonathan A.] Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[O'Donnell, Jonathan A.; Aiken, George R.; Butler, Kenna D.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
[Guillemette, Francois; Spencer, Robert G. M.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab Geochem Grp, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Guillemette, Francois; Spencer, Robert G. M.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Podgorski, David C.] Florida State Univ, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Future Fuels Inst, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
RP O'Donnell, JA (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.; O'Donnell, JA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO USA.
EM jaodonnell@nps.gov
FU National Research Program; Climate Effects Network of the Water,
Climate, and Land Use Change mission areas of the U.S. Geological
Survey; National Science Foundation [DMR-1157490]; State of Florida;
Fonds Quebecois de Recherche Nature et Technologies (FQRNT)
FX The authors would like to thank Richard Smith and Deb Repert for
providing analytical support in the laboratory, Kim Wickland for
providing access to cold-temperature incubators, and Brett Poulin for
assistance with data management. We also thank two anonymous reviewers
and Phoebe Zito for providing valuable comments on an earlier version of
this manuscript. All data not reported in tables of the primary
manuscript and supporting information can be requested by contacting J.
O'Donnell (e-mail: jaodonnell@nps.gov). The National Research Program
and the Climate Effects Network of the Water, Climate, and Land Use
Change mission areas of the U.S. Geological Survey provided funding for
this research. A portion of this work was performed at the National High
Magnetic Field Laboratory, which is supported by National Science
Foundation DMR-1157490 and the State of Florida. F. Guillemette was
supported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Fonds Quebecois de
Recherche Nature et Technologies (FQRNT). Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 98
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-8953
EI 2169-8961
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-BIOGEO
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Biogeosci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 10
BP 2727
EP 2744
DI 10.1002/2016JG003431
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA EC0FV
UT WOS:000387774900015
ER
PT J
AU McCubbin, FM
Boyce, JW
Novak-Szabo, T
Santos, AR
Tartese, R
Muttik, N
Domokos, G
Vazquez, J
Keller, LP
Moser, DE
Jerolmack, DJ
Shearer, CK
Steele, A
Elardo, SM
Rahman, Z
Anand, M
Delhaye, T
Agee, CB
AF McCubbin, Francis M.
Boyce, Jeremy W.
Novak-Szabo, Timea
Santos, Alison R.
Tartese, Romain
Muttik, Nele
Domokos, Gabor
Vazquez, Jorge
Keller, Lindsay P.
Moser, Desmond E.
Jerolmack, Douglas J.
Shearer, Charles K.
Steele, Andrew
Elardo, Stephen M.
Rahman, Zia
Anand, Mahesh
Delhaye, Thomas
Agee, Carl B.
TI Geologic history of Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa 7034:
Evidence for hydrothermal activity and lithologic diversity in the
Martian crust
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
DE apatite; zircon; clast; Mars; sedimentary; transport
ID IN-SITU EVIDENCE; GUSEV CRATER; MERIDIANI-PLANUM; SPIRIT ROVER;
UPPER-MANTLE; EARLY MARS; SHERGOTTITE YAMATO-980459; CHASSIGNY
METEORITE; PETROGENETIC MODEL; RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY
AB The timing and mode of deposition for Martian regolith breccia Northwest Africa (NWA) 7034 were determined by combining petrography, shape analysis, and thermochronology. NWA 7034 is composed of igneous, impact, and brecciated clasts within a thermally annealed submicron matrix of pulverized crustal rocks and devitrified impact/volcanic glass. The brecciated clasts are likely lithified portions of Martian regolith with some evidence of past hydrothermal activity. Represented lithologies are primarily ancient crustal materials with crystallization ages as old as 4.4Ga. One ancient zircon was hosted by an alkali-rich basalt clast, confirming that alkalic volcanism occurred on Mars very early. NWA 7034 is composed of fragmented particles that do not exhibit evidence of having undergone bed load transport by wind or water. The clast size distribution is similar to terrestrial pyroclastic deposits. We infer that the clasts were deposited by atmospheric rainout subsequent to a pyroclastic eruption(s) and/or impact event(s), although the ancient ages of igneous components favor mobilization by impact(s). Despite ancient components, the breccia has undergone a single pervasive thermal event at 500-800 degrees C, evident by groundmass texture and concordance of similar to 1.5Ga dates for bulk rock K-Ar, U-Pb in apatite, and U-Pb in metamict zircons. The 1.5Ga age is likely a thermal event that coincides with rainout/breccia lithification. We infer that the episodic process of regolith lithification dominated sedimentary processes during the Amazonian Epoch. The absence of pre-Amazonian high-temperature metamorphic events recorded in ancient zircons indicates source domains of static southern highland crust punctuated by episodic impact modification.
C1 [McCubbin, Francis M.; Keller, Lindsay P.] NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[McCubbin, Francis M.; Boyce, Jeremy W.; Santos, Alison R.; Muttik, Nele; Shearer, Charles K.; Agee, Carl B.] Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Boyce, Jeremy W.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth Planetary & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Novak-Szabo, Timea; Domokos, Gabor] Budapest Univ Technol & Econ, Dept Mech Mat & Struct, Budapest, Hungary.
[Novak-Szabo, Timea; Jerolmack, Douglas J.] Univ Penn, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
[Tartese, Romain] UPMC, Museum Natl Hist Nat, Inst Mineral Phys Mat & Cosmochim, Sorbonne Univ,CNRS, Paris, France.
[Tartese, Romain] IRD, Paris, France.
[Tartese, Romain; Anand, Mahesh] Open Univ, Dept Phys Sci, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, Bucks, England.
[Vazquez, Jorge] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA USA.
[Vazquez, Jorge] Stanford Univ, Stanford USGS Ion Microprobe Lab, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Moser, Desmond E.] Univ Western Ontario, Dept Earth Sci, London, ON, Canada.
[Steele, Andrew; Elardo, Stephen M.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC USA.
[Rahman, Zia] Jacobs NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Sci Dept, Houston, TX USA.
[Anand, Mahesh] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Earth Sci, London, England.
[Delhaye, Thomas] Univ Rennes 1, CNRS, OSUR, Plateforme NanoSIMS,UMR 6118, Rennes, France.
RP McCubbin, FM (reprint author), NASA Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX 77058 USA.; McCubbin, FM (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Inst Meteorit, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
EM francis.m.mccubbin@nasa.gov
RI Elardo, Stephen/E-5865-2010;
OI Tartese, Romain/0000-0002-3490-9875
FU NASA Mars Fundamental Research Program [NNX13AK44G]; NASA Early Career
Fellowship [NNX13AG40G]; NASA Cosmochemistry Program [NNX13AH85G,
NNX14AI23G]; Hungarian NKFIH [119245]; Imre Koranyi Fellowship; UK
Science and Technology Facilities Council [ST/I001298/1]; NSERC
FX All of the data used in this study can be found within the contents of
this manuscript or within the supporting information, which contain
Figures S1-S15 and Tables S1-S8. We acknowledge the curatorial staff at
the Institute of Meteoritics for allowing the use of thin sections of
NWA 7034 during this study. We would also like to thank Seth Burgess,
Arya Udry, and Axel Wittman for their constructive reviews that helped
to improve the quality and clarity of the manuscript. We also want to
thank Justin Filiberto for the editorial handling of the manuscript. We
also acknowledge the efforts of two anonymous reviewers that provided
important feedback on a prior verssion of this manuscript. This work was
supported by the NASA Mars Fundamental Research Program grant NNX13AK44G
awarded to F.M.M. J.W.B. acknowledges support from a NASA Early Career
Fellowship (NNX13AG40G). C.K.S., A.S., and C.B.A. acknowledge support
from the NASA Cosmochemistry Program (NNX13AH85G to C.K.S. and
NNX14AI23G to C.B.A.). G.D. and T.N.S. acknowledge Hungarian NKFIH grant
119245 and T.N.S. also acknowledges support by the Imre Koranyi
Fellowship. R.T. and M.A. acknowledge financial support from a UK
Science and Technology Facilities Council research grant (#ST/I001298/1)
to M.A.. NSERC Discovery Grant funding to D.E.M. is gratefully
acknowledged. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 156
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 11
U2 11
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 10
BP 2120
EP 2149
DI 10.1002/2016JE005143
PG 30
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC0MS
UT WOS:000387795800015
ER
PT J
AU Milly, PCD
Dunne, KA
AF Milly, P. C. D.
Dunne, K. A.
TI Potential evapotranspiration and continental drying
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID TERRESTRIAL ARIDITY; GLOBAL DROUGHT; CLIMATE-CHANGE; MODELS; LAND
AB By various measures (drought area(1) and intensity(2), climatic aridity index(3), and climatic water deficits(4)), some observational analyses have suggested that much of the Earth's land has been drying during recent decades, but such drying seems inconsistent with observations of dryland greening and decreasing pan evaporation(5). 'Offline' analyses of climate-model outputs from anthropogenic climate change (ACC) experiments portend continuation of putative drying through the twenty-first century(3,6-10), despite an expected increase in global land precipitation(9). A ubiquitous increase in estimates of potential evapotranspiration (PET), driven by atmospheric warming(11), underlies the drying trends(4,8,9,12), but may be a methodological artefact(5). Here we show that the PET estimator commonly used (the Penman-Monteith PET13 for either an open-water surface(1,2,6,7,12) or a reference crop(3,4,8,9,11)) severely overpredicts the changes in non-water-stressed evapotranspiration computed in the climate models themselves in ACC experiments. This overprediction is partially due to neglect of stomatal conductance reductions commonly induced by increasing atmospheric CO2 concentrations in climate models(5). Our findings imply that historical and future tendencies towards continental drying, as characterized by offline-computed runoff, as well as other PET-dependent metrics, may be considerably weaker and less extensive than previously thought.
C1 [Milly, P. C. D.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Milly, PCD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
EM cmilly@usgs.gov
NR 24
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 16
U2 16
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 10
BP 946
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3046
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA EC7CG
UT WOS:000388292800018
ER
PT J
AU Schadel, C
Bader, MKF
Schuur, EAG
Biasi, C
Bracho, R
Capek, P
De Baets, S
Diakova, K
Ernakovich, J
Estop-Aragones, C
Graham, DE
Hartley, IP
Iversen, CM
Kane, ES
Knoblauch, C
Lupascu, M
Martikainen, PJ
Natali, SM
Norby, RJ
O'Donnell, JA
Chowdhury, TR
Santruckova, H
Shaver, G
Sloan, VL
Treat, CC
Turetsky, MR
Waldrop, MP
Wickland, KP
AF Schadel, Christina
Bader, Martin K. -F.
Schuur, Edward A. G.
Biasi, Christina
Bracho, Rosvel
Capek, Petr
De Baets, Sarah
Diakova, Katerina
Ernakovich, Jessica
Estop-Aragones, Cristian
Graham, David E.
Hartley, Iain P.
Iversen, Colleen M.
Kane, Evan S.
Knoblauch, Christian
Lupascu, Massimo
Martikainen, Pertti J.
Natali, Susan M.
Norby, Richard J.
O'Donnell, Jonathan A.
Chowdhury, Taniya Roy
Santruckova, Hana
Shaver, Gaius
Sloan, Victoria L.
Treat, Claire C.
Turetsky, Merritt R.
Waldrop, Mark P.
Wickland, Kimberly P.
TI Potential carbon emissions dominated by carbon dioxide from thawed
permafrost soils
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID METAANALYSIS; RESPIRATION; TUNDRA
AB Increasing temperatures in northern high latitudes are causing permafrost to thaw(1), making large amounts of previously frozen organic matter vulnerable to microbial decomposition(2). Permafrost thaw also creates a fragmented landscape of drier and wetter soil conditions(3,4) that determine the amount and form (carbon dioxide (CO2), or methane (CH4)) of carbon (C) released to the atmosphere. The rate and form of C release control the magnitude of the permafrost C feedback, so their relative contribution with a warming climate remains unclear(5,6). We quantified the effect of increasing temperature and changes from aerobic to anaerobic soil conditions using 25 soil incubation studies from the permafrost zone. Here we show, using two separate meta-analyses, that a 10 degrees C increase in incubation temperature increased C release by a factor of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.8 to 2.2). Under aerobic incubation conditions, soils released 3.4 (95% CI, 2.2 to 5.2) times more C than under anaerobic conditions. Even when accounting for the higher heat trapping capacity of CH4, soils released 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5 to 3.4) times more C under aerobic conditions. These results imply that permafrost ecosystems thawing under aerobic conditions and releasing CO2 will strengthen the permafrost C feedback more than waterlogged systems releasing CO2 and CH4 for a given amount of C.
C1 [Schadel, Christina; Schuur, Edward A. G.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Bader, Martin K. -F.] New Zealand Forest Res Inst, Rotorua 3046, New Zealand.
[Biasi, Christina; Martikainen, Pertti J.] Univ Eastern Finland, Dept Environm & Biol Sci, Kuopio 70211, Finland.
[Bracho, Rosvel] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Bracho, Rosvel] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resources & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Capek, Petr; Diakova, Katerina; Santruckova, Hana] Univ South Bohemia, Fac Sci, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic.
[De Baets, Sarah; Estop-Aragones, Cristian; Hartley, Iain P.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Geog, Exeter EX4 4RJ, Devon, England.
[Ernakovich, Jessica] CSIRO Agr, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia.
[Estop-Aragones, Cristian] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H1, Canada.
[Graham, David E.; Chowdhury, Taniya Roy] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA.
[Iversen, Colleen M.; Norby, Richard J.; Sloan, Victoria L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Iversen, Colleen M.; Norby, Richard J.; Sloan, Victoria L.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Climate Change Sci Inst, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Kane, Evan S.] Michigan Technol Univ, Schc Forest Resources & Environm Sci, Houghton, MI 39931 USA.
[Knoblauch, Christian] Univ Hamburg, Inst Soil Sci, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Lupascu, Massimo] Natl Univ Singapore, Dept Geog, Singapore 119077, Singapore.
[Natali, Susan M.] Woods Hole Res Ctr, Falmouth, MA 02540 USA.
[O'Donnell, Jonathan A.] Natl Pk Serv, Arctic Network, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Shaver, Gaius] Marine Biol Lab, Ecosyst Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Treat, Claire C.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Northern Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Turetsky, Merritt R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
[Waldrop, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wickland, Kimberly P.] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Schadel, C (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM christina.schaedel@nau.edu
RI Biasi, Christina/E-1130-2013; Knoblauch, Christian/L-6776-2015;
OI Biasi, Christina/0000-0002-7413-3354; Knoblauch,
Christian/0000-0002-7147-1008; Bader, Martin
Karl-Friedrich/0000-0002-3742-9762; Wickland,
Kimberly/0000-0002-6400-0590; Ernakovich, Jessica/0000-0002-4493-2489
FU National Science Foundation Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon Research
Coordination Network [955713]; National Science Foundation Research
Synthesis, and Knowledge Transfer in a Changing Arctic: Science Support
for the Study of Environmental Arctic Change Grant [1331083]; Department
of Energy, Office of Biological and Environmental Research, Terrestrial
Ecosystem Science (TES) Program [DF-SC0006982]; UK Natural Environment
Research Council [NE/K000179/1]; German Research Foundation (DFG,
Excellence cluster CliSAP); Department of Ecosystem Biology; Grant
agency of South Bohemian University [146/2013/P, 146/2013/D]; National
Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [1312402]; National Science
Foundation Division of Environmental Biology [0423385, 1026843];
Biological and Environmental Research programme in the US Department of
Energy (DOE) Office of Science; DOE [DE-AC05-00OR22725]; European Union
[FP-7-ENV-2011, 282700]; Academy of Finland [132 043]; Academy of
Finland (part of the European Union Joint Programming Initiative, JPI
Climate) [291691]; University of Eastern Finland (project EWER); Maj and
Tor Nessling Foundation; Nordic Center of Excellence
FX We would like to thank B. Robinson for assistance with meta-data
extraction and J. Barta and I. Kohoutova for help with generating
incubation data. Financial support was provided by the National Science
Foundation Vulnerability of Permafrost Carbon Research Coordination
Network Grant no. 955713 with continued support from the National
Science Foundation Research Synthesis, and Knowledge Transfer in a
Changing Arctic: Science Support for the Study of Environmental Arctic
Change Grant no. 1331083. Author contributions were also supported by
grants to individuals: Department of Energy, Office of Biological and
Environmental Research, Terrestrial Ecosystem Science (TES) Program
(DF-SC0006982) to E.A.G.S.; UK Natural Environment Research Council
funding to I.P.H. and C.E.-A. (NE/K000179/1); German Research Foundation
(DFG, Excellence cluster CliSAP) to C.K; Department of Ecosystem
Biology; Grant agency of South Bohemian University, GAJU project, no.
146/2013/P and GAJU project no. 146/2013/D to H.S.; National Science
Foundation Office of Polar Programs (1312402) to S.M.N.; National
Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology (0423385) and
National Science Foundation Division of Environmental Biology (1026843),
both to the Marine Biological Laboratory; Woods Hole, Massachusetts;
additionally, the Next-Generation Ecosystem Experiments in the Arctic
(NGEE Arctic) project is supported by the Biological and Environmental
Research programme in the US Department of Energy (DOE) Office of
Science. Oak Ridge National Laboratory is massaged by UT-Battelle, LLC,
for the DOE under Contract no. DE-AC05-00OR22725. Support for C.B. came
from European Union (FP-7-ENV-2011, project PAGE21, contract no.
282700), Academy of Finland (project CryoN, decision no. :132 043),
Academy of Finland (project COUP, decision no. 291691; part of the
European Union Joint Programming Initiative, JPI Climate), strategic
funding of the University of Eastern Finland (project EWER) and Maj and
Tor Nessling Foundation and for P.J.M. from Nordic Center of Excellence
(project DeFROST).
NR 37
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U1 47
U2 47
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 10
BP 950
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3054
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA EC7CG
UT WOS:000388292800019
ER
PT J
AU Bralower, TJ
Self-Trail, JM
AF Bralower, Timothy J.
Self-Trail, Jean M.
TI Nannoplankton malformation during the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum
and its paleoecological and paleoceanographic significance
SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE PETM; nannoplankton; ocean acidification
ID CALCAREOUS NANNOFOSSIL ASSEMBLAGES; SPECIES EMILIANIA-HUXLEYI; OCEAN
ACIDIFICATION; CARBONATE CHEMISTRY; PLANKTONIC-FORAMINIFERA;
PALAEOCENE/EOCENE BOUNDARY; COCCOLITH MORPHOGENESIS;
ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; EQUATORIAL ATLANTIC; CONTINENTAL-SHELF
AB The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) is characterized by a transient group of nannoplankton, belonging to the genus Discoaster. Our investigation of expanded shelf sections provides unprecedented detail of the morphology and phylogeny of the transient Discoaster during the PETM and their relationship with environmental change. We observe a much larger range of morphological variation than previously documented suggesting that the taxa belonged to a plexus of highly gradational morphotypes rather than individual species. We propose that the plexus represents malformed ecophenotypes of a single species that migrated to a deep photic zone refuge during the height of PETM warming and eutrophication. Anomalously, high rates of organic matter remineralization characterized these depths during the event and led to lower saturation levels, which caused malformation. The proposed mechanism explains the co-occurrence of malformed Discoaster with pristine species that grew in the upper photic zone; moreover, it illuminates why malformation is a rare phenomenon in the paleontological record.
C1 [Bralower, Timothy J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Self-Trail, Jean M.] United States Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
RP Bralower, TJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM bralower@psu.edu
FU NSF [OCE-1416663]
FX Research funded by NSF OCE-1416663. We appreciate a long-term loan of
slides from Bass River from Samantha Gibbs. We acknowledge helpful
discussions with Lee Kump. An earlier draft of the manuscript benefitted
from the reviews of Laurel Bybell and Marci Robinson, and we acknowledge
constructive reviews by Tom Dunkley Jones and an anonymous reviewer. All
data are included in the supporting information and available at
https://www.pangaea.de/. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 105
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U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0883-8305
EI 1944-9186
J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
JI Paleoceanography
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 10
BP 1423
EP 1439
DI 10.1002/2016PA002980
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology
SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology
GA EC0FX
UT WOS:000387775200008
ER
PT J
AU Schloesser, DW
Malakauskas, DM
Malakauskas, SJ
AF Schloesser, Don W.
Malakauskas, David M.
Malakauskas, Sarah J.
TI Freshwater polychaetes (Manayunkia speciosa) near the Detroit River,
western Lake Erie: Abundance and life-history characteristics
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Detroit River; Polychaete; Ecology; Great Lakes; Life history; Annelid
ID BENTHIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITY; NORTH-AMERICAN DISTRIBUTION; LAURENTIAN
GREAT-LAKES; KLAMATH RIVER; CERATOMYXA-SHASTA; SALT-MARSH; SABELLIDAE;
PARASITE; DREISSENA; ANNELIDA
AB Freshwater polychaetes are relatively rare and little-studied members of the benthos of lakes and rivers. We studied one polychaete species (Manayunkia speciosa) in Lake Erie near the mouth of the Detroit River. Abundances at one site were determined between 1961 and 2013 and life-history characteristics at two sites were determined seasonally (March-November) in 2009-2010 and 2012-2013. Life-history characteristics included abundances, length-frequency distributions, presence/absence of constructed tubes, sexual maturity, and number and maturation of young-of-the-year (YOY) in tubes. Long-term abundances decreased in successive time periods between 1961 and 2003 (mean range = 57,570 to 2583/m(2)) but few changes occurred between 2003 and 2013 (mean = 5007/m(2); range/y = 2355-8216/m(2)). Seasonal abundances varied substantially between sites and years, but overall, abundances were low in March-April, high in May-August, and low in September-November. Although reproduction was continuous throughout warmer months, en masse recruitment, as revealed by length-frequency distributions, occurred in a brief period late June to mid July, and possibly in early-September. All life-history characteristics, including tube construction, were dependent on water temperatures (>5 degrees C in spring and <15 degrees C in fall). These results generally agree with and complement laboratory studies of M. speciosa in the Pacific Northwest where M. speciosa hosts parasites that cause substantial fish mortalities. Although abundance of M. speciosa near the mouth of the Detroit River was 33-fold lower in 2013 than it was in 1961, this population has persisted for five decades and, therefore, has the potential to harbor parasites that may cause fish mortalities in the Great Lakes. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Schloesser, Don W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Malakauskas, David M.; Malakauskas, Sarah J.] Francis Marion Univ, POB 100547, Florence, SC 29502 USA.
RP Schloesser, DW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM dschloesser@usgs.gov
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 5
BP 1070
EP 1083
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.07.006
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EC3WN
UT WOS:000388057900015
ER
PT J
AU Holbrook, CM
Jubar, AK
Barber, JM
Tallon, K
Hondorp, DW
AF Holbrook, Christopher M.
Jubar, Aaron K.
Barber, Jessica M.
Tallon, Kevin
Hondorp, Darryl W.
TI Telemetry narrows the search for sea lamprey spawning locations in the
St. Clair-Detroit River System
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea lamprey; Petromyzon; Telemetry; Spawning; Migration; St. Clair
Detroit-River System
ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; GREAT-LAKES; MIGRATORY PHEROMONE; PACIFIC LAMPREY;
MARYS RIVER; MANAGEMENT; MOVEMENT; MICHIGAN; SUPERIOR; STURGEON
AB Adult sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) abundance in Lake Erie has remained above targets set by fishery managers since 2005, possibly due to increased recruitment in the St. Clair-Detroit River System (SCDRS). Sea lamprey recruitment in the SCDRS poses an enormous challenge to sea lamprey control and assessment in Lake Erie because the SCDRS contains no dams to facilitate capture and discharge is at least an order of magnitude larger in the SCDRS than most other sea lamprey-producing tributaries in the Great Lakes. As a first step toward understanding population size, spatial distribution, and spawning habitat of adult sea lampreys in the SCDRS, we used acoustic telemetry to determine where sea lampreys ceased migration (due to spawning, death, or both) among major regions of the SCDRS. All tagged sea lampreys released in the lower Detroit River (N = 27) moved upstream through the Detroit River and entered Lake St. Clair. After entering Lake St. Clair, sea lampreys entered the St. Clair River (N = 22), Thames River (N = 1), or were not detected again (N = 4). Many sea lampreys (10 of 27) were last observed moving downstream ("fallback") but we were unable to determine if those movements occurred before or after spawning, or while sea lampreys were dead or alive. Regardless of whether estimates of locations where sea lampreys ceased migration were based on the most upstream region occupied or final region occupied, most sea lampreys ceased migration in the St. Clair River or Lake St. Clair. Results suggest that spawning and rearing in the St. Clair River could be an important determinant of sea lamprey recruitment in the SCDRS and may direct future assessment and control activities in that system. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Holbrook, Christopher M.] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Jubar, Aaron K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ludington Biol Stn, 229 S Jebavy Dr, Ludington, MI 49431 USA.
[Barber, Jessica M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marquette Biol Stn, 3090 Wright St, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
[Tallon, Kevin] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
[Hondorp, Darryl W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Holbrook, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM cholbrook@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission through Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative appropriations [GL-00E23010-3]
FX This work was funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission through Great
Lakes Restoration Initiative appropriations (GL-00E23010-3). The Great
Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System (www.data.glos.us/glatos)
assisted with project coordination. We thank Michael Hansen, Michael
Twohey, Aaron Fisk, Tim Johnson, and one anonymous reviewer for
insightful comments that improved the manuscript, Gary Haiss and Chris
Amato for assistance deploying receivers, Kevin Letson for providing sea
lampreys, and Melissa Kostich, Kevin Keeler, and Jason Ross for
assistance tagging. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U. S. Fish
and Wildlife Service. This article is contribution number 28 of the
Great Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System and contribution
number 2038 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 5
BP 1084
EP 1091
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.07.010
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EC3WN
UT WOS:000388057900016
ER
PT J
AU Zuccarino-Crowe, CM
Taylor, WW
Hansen, MJ
Seider, MJ
Krueger, CC
AF Zuccarino-Crowe, Chiara M.
Taylor, William W.
Hansen, Michael J.
Seider, Michael J.
Krueger, Charles C.
TI Effects of lake trout refuges on lake whitefish and cisco in the Apostle
Islands Region of Lake Superior
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE MPA; Reserve; Great Lakes; Native fish; Harvest regulation; Fisheries
management
ID MARINE PROTECTED AREAS; SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; FISHERY MANAGEMENT;
GREAT-LAKES; ARTIFICIAL TURF; US WATERS; RESERVES; POPULATION; RECOVERY;
DYNAMICS
AB Lake trout refuges in the Apostle Islands region of Lake Superior are analogous to the concept of marine protected areas. These refuges, established specifically for lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and closed to most forms of recreational and commercial fishing, were implicated as one of several management actions leading to successful rehabilitation of Lake Superior lake trout. To investigate the potential significance of Gull Island Shoal and Devils Island Shoal refuges for populations of not only lake trout but also other fish species, relative abundances of lake trout, lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis), and cisco (Coregonus artedi) were compared between areas sampled inside versus outside of refuge boundaries. During 1982-2010, lake trout relative abundance was higher and increased faster inside the refuges, where lake trout fishing was prohibited, than outside the refuges. Over the same period, lake whitefish relative abundance increased faster inside than outside the refuges. Both evaluations provided clear evidence that refuges protected these species. In contrast, trends in relative abundance of cisco, a prey item of lake trout, did not differ significantly between areas inside and outside the refuges. This result did not suggest indirect or cascading refuge effects due to changes in predator levels. Overall, this study highlights the potential of species-specific refuges to benefit other fish species beyond those that were the refuges' original target. Improved understanding of refuge effects on multiple species of Great Lakes fishes can be valuable for developing rationales for refuge establishment and predicting associated fish community-level effects. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zuccarino-Crowe, Chiara M.; Taylor, William W.; Krueger, Charles C.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 1405 S Harrison Rd,Suite 115 Manly Miles Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
[Hansen, Michael J.] Univ Wisconsin, Coll Nat Resources, 800 Reserve St, Stevens Point, WI 54481 USA.
[Seider, Michael J.] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, 141 South Third St, Bayfield, WI 54814 USA.
[Zuccarino-Crowe, Chiara M.] NOAA, Natl Marine Sanctuary Fdn, Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, 1305 East West Highway,11th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Hansen, Michael J.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ashland Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 2800 Lake Shore Dr East, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
RP Zuccarino-Crowe, CM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 1405 S Harrison Rd,Suite 115 Manly Miles Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.; Zuccarino-Crowe, CM (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Sanctuary Fdn, Off Natl Marine Sanctuaries, 1305 East West Highway,11th Floor, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
EM c.zuccarino.crowe@gmail.com; taylorw@anr.msu.edu;
michaelhansen@usgs.gov; mike_seider@fws.gov; Kruege62@anr.msu.edu
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-0802267];
Janice Lee Fenske Excellence in Fisheries Management Fellowship
FX This research was primarily supported by a National Science Foundation
Graduate Research Fellowship under grant no. DGE-0802267, with
additional support from a Janice Lee Fenske Excellence in Fisheries
Management Fellowship. The authors would like to thank the biologists
and technicians of the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources,
Bayfield field station, including crewmembers of the R/V Hack Noyes, who
collected the data used for this research through decades of field
surveys. Additional assistance with the conceptual formation of this
study was provided by Owen Gorman (USGS), Charles Bronte (USFWS), and
Bill Mattes (GLIFWC). We would also like to extend thanks to Jack Liu,
Michael Nelson, Dan Hayes, Matt Catalano, Brian Irwin, Dana Infante,
Neil Carter, and Abigail Lynch for their technical advice and thoughtful
comments during initial drafts of this manuscript. Use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. This article is
Contribution 2066 of the U.S. Geological Survey, Great Lakes Science
Center.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 5
BP 1092
EP 1101
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.07.011
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EC3WN
UT WOS:000388057900017
ER
PT J
AU Essian, DA
Chipault, JG
Lafrancois, BM
Leonard, JBK
AF Essian, David A.
Chipault, Jennifer G.
Lafrancois, Brenda Moraska
Leonard, Jill B. K.
TI Gut content analysis of Lake Michigan waterbirds in years with avian
botulism type E mortality, 2010-2012
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Round goby; Dreissena; Clostridium botulinum; Piscivorous birds; Size
class distribution
ID GOBY NEOGOBIUS-MELANOSTOMUS; CORMORANTS PHALACROCORAX-AURITUS;
DREISSENA-ROSTRIFORMIS-BUGENSIS; WHITE-WINGED SCOTERS; ROUND GOBY;
CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; GREAT-LAKES; FOOD-HABITS; BEAVER ARCHIPELAGO;
DIET COMPOSITION
AB Waterbird die-offs caused by Clostridium botulinum neurotoxin type E (BoNT/E) have occurred sporadically in the Great Lakes since the late 1960s, with a recent pulse starting in the late 1990s. In recent die-offs, round gobies (Neogobius melanostomus) have been implicated as vectors for the transfer of BoNT/E to fish-eating birds due to the round goby invasion history and their importance as prey. Dreissenid mussels (Dreissena spp.) are also potentially involved in BoNT/E transmission to birds and round gobies. We examined gut contents of waterbirds collected in Lake Michigan during die-offs in 2010-2012, and the gut contents of culled, presumably BoNT/E-free double-crested cormorants (Phalacrocorax auritus). Round gobies were found in 86% of the BoNT/E-positive individuals, 84% of the BoNT/E-negative birds, and 94% of the BoNT/E-free cormorants examined. Double-crested cormorants, ring-billed gulls (Larus delewarensis), and common loons (Gavia immer) consumed larger-sized round gobies than horned and red-necked grebes (Podiceps auritus and Podiceps grisegena), white-winged scoters (Melanitta deglandi), and long-tailed ducks (Clangula hymealis). Other common prey included dreissenid mussels, terrestrial insects, and alewives (Alosa pseudoharengus). Our data emphasize the importance of round gobies and mussels in diets of Lake Michigan waterbirds and suggest they may play a role in the transfer of BoNT/E to waterbirds; however, round gobies and mussels were found in BoNT/E-positive,-negative, and -free individuals, suggesting that other factors, such as alternative trophic pathways for toxin transfer, bird migratory timing and feeding locations, prey behavior, and individual physiological differences across birds may affect the likelihood that a bird will succumb to BoNT/E intoxication. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Essian, David A.; Leonard, Jill B. K.] Northern Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, 1401 Presque Isle Ave, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
[Chipault, Jennifer G.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Lafrancois, Brenda Moraska] Natl Pk Serv, 2800 Lake Shore Dr East, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
RP Essian, DA (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 777 Glades Rd, Boca Raton, FL 33431 USA.
EM daessian@fau.edu; jileonar@nmu.edu
FU National Park Service (NPS); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); USGS via
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency;
Northern Michigan University (NMU) through the Excellence in Education
Scholarship
FX We thank the National Park Service (NPS) and U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) for providing support for this project, particularly Sue Jennings
and Dan Ray (NPS) and C. LeAnn White, Jonathan Sleeman, Stephen Riley,
and Taaja Tucker (USGS). Funding was provided by NPS and USGS via the
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative/U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Northern Michigan University (NMU) also provided equipment and funding
through the Excellence in Education Scholarship. We thank personnel from
NPS, USGS, Common Coast Research and Conservation, the many dedicated
volunteers who collected carcasses from Lake Michigan beaches, and staff
at the USGS National Wildlife Health Center for help with carcass
necropsies and botulinum toxin testing. We thank all of the NMU
volunteers who helped dissect cormorants and sort through gut contents,
particularly Rachel Holman, Rachel Koleda, Nicole Griewahn, and Ricki
Oldenkamp. We would like to thank Jackie Bird and William Hamilton for
helping organize and perform necropsies. We thank Pat Brown and Alec
Lindsey for making suggestions that improved this study. We also thank
the staff of the Grand Traverse Band of Ottawa and Chippewa Indians
Department of Natural Resources and U.S. Department of Agriculture's
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service involved with the cormorant
cull following U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service regulations (CFR 21.47).
We thank David Jude and an anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful
reviews of this manuscript. We also thank Kevin Kenow (USGS) for his
helpful review of a draft of this manuscript. Use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 5
BP 1118
EP 1128
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.07.027
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EC3WN
UT WOS:000388057900020
ER
PT J
AU Tucker, TR
Hudson, PL
Riley, SC
AF Tucker, Taaja R.
Hudson, Patrick L.
Riley, Stephen C.
TI Observations of cocooned Hydrobaenus (Diptera: Chironomidae) larvae in
Lake Michigan
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Chironomid; Benthos; Invertebrates; Sampling; Cocoon
ID BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES; RIVER FLOODPLAIN; INVERTEBRATES;
ASSOCIATIONS; STRATEGIES; WATER; BAY
AB Larvae of the family Chironomidae have developed a variety of ways to tolerate environmental stress, including the formation of cocoons, which allows larvae to avoid unfavorable temperature conditions, drought, or competition with other chironomids. Summer cocoon formation by younger instars of the genus Hydrobaenus Fries allows persistence through increased temperatures and/or intermittent dry periods in arid regions or temporary habitats, but this behavior was not observed in the Great Lakes until the current study. Cocoon-aestivating Hydrobaenus sp. larvae were found in benthic grab samples collected in 2010-2013 near Sleeping Bear Dunes National Lakeshore in northern Lake Michigan with densities up to 7329/m(2). The aestivating species was identified as Hydrobaenus johannseni (Sublette, 1967), and the associated chironomid community was typical for an oligotrophic nearshore system. Hydrobaenus cocoon formation in the Great Lakes was likely previously unnoticed due to the discrepancies between the genus' life history and typical benthos sampling procedures which has consequences for describing chironomid communities where Hydrobaenus is present (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tucker, Taaja R.] CSS Dynamac, 10301 Democracy Lane,Suite 300, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Tucker, Taaja R.; Hudson, Patrick L.; Riley, Stephen C.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Tucker, TR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM taajatucker@gmail.com
FU EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; [GS-00F-0029P]; [G12PD00381]
FX We thank H. Avis, D. Carmack, R. Darnton, S. Farha, A. Fingerle, E.
Johnson, B. Maitland, L Pashnik, A. Pruehs, K. Smith, B. Soukup, and P.
Wigren for assistance with fieldwork and sample processing. Funding for
this research was provided by a grant from the EPA Great Lakes
Restoration Initiative (Template 73) and T. Tucker is supported by
Contract No. GS-00F-0029P/Order No. G12PD00381. We thank M. Chriscinske
and two anonymous reviewers for comments on a previous draft. This
article is contribution 2071 of the U. S. Geological Survey Great Lakes
Science Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S.
Government.
NR 59
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U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 5
BP 1129
EP 1135
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.07.013
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EC3WN
UT WOS:000388057900021
ER
PT J
AU Fassbinder-Orth, CA
Wilcoxen, TE
Tran, T
Boughton, RK
Fair, JM
Hofmeister, EK
Grindstaff, JL
Owen, JC
AF Fassbinder-Orth, Carol A.
Wilcoxen, Travis E.
Tran, Tiffany
Boughton, Raoul K.
Fair, Jeanne M.
Hofmeister, Erik K.
Grindstaff, Jennifer L.
Owen, Jen C.
TI Immunoglobulin detection inwild birds: effectiveness of three secondary
anti-avian IgY antibodies in direct ELISAs in 41 avian species
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE bird; Ecoimmunology; ELISA; IgY; non-model organisms; passerine
ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; WILD BIRDS;
INFLUENZA-VIRUS; PLASMA; SERUM; IMMUNOASSAY; ARBOVIRUSES; PREVALENCE;
PASSERINES
AB 1. Immunological reagents for wild, non-model species are limited or often non-existent for many species.
2. In this study, we compare the reactivity of a newanti-passerine IgY secondary antibody with existing secondary antibodies developed for use with birds. Samples from 41 species from the following six avian orders were analysed: Anseriformes (1 family, 1 species), Columbiformes (1 family, 2 species), Galliformes (1 family, 1 species), Passeriformes (16 families, 34 species), Piciformes (1 family, 2 species) and Suliformes (1 family, 1 species). Direct ELISAs were performed to detect total IgY using goat anti-passerine IgY, goat anti-chicken IgY or goat anti-bird IgY secondary antibodies.
3. The anti-passerine antibody exhibited significantly higher IgY reactivity compared to the anti-chicken and/or anti-bird antibodies in 80% of the passerine families tested. Birds in the order Piciformes (woodpeckers) and order Suliformes (cormorants) were poorly detected by all three secondary antibodies. A comparison of serum and plasma IgY levels was made within the same individuals for two passerine species (house finch and white-crowned sparrow), and serum exhibited significantly more IgY than the plasma for all three secondary antibodies. This result indicates that serummay be preferred to plasma whenmeasuring total antibody levels in blood.
4. This study indicates that the anti-passerine IgY secondary antibody can effectively be used in immunological assays to detect passerine IgY for species in most passerine families and is preferred over anti-chicken and anti-bird secondary antibodies for the majority of passerine species. This anti-passerine antibody will allow for more accurate detection and quantification of IgY in more wild bird species than was possible with previously available secondary antibodies.
C1 [Fassbinder-Orth, Carol A.; Tran, Tiffany] Creighton Univ, Dept Biol, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
[Wilcoxen, Travis E.] Millikin Univ, Dept Biol, 1184 West Main St, Decatur, IL 62522 USA.
[Boughton, Raoul K.] Univ Florida, Range Cattle Res & Educ Ctr Wildlife Ecol & Conse, 3401 Expt Stn, Ona, FL 33865 USA.
[Fair, Jeanne M.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Global Secur Emerging Threats, MS K404, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Hofmeister, Erik K.] USGS Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Grindstaff, Jennifer L.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Owen, Jen C.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Large Anim Clin Sci, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 13 Nat Resources, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Fassbinder-Orth, CA (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Dept Biol, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
EM carolfassbinder-orth@creighton.edu
FU Creighton College of Arts and Sciences Research Initiative Grant;
National Institutes of Health [1R15HD066378-01]
FX We thank Bethyl Laboratories for providing the anti-passerine antibody
for sample testing. We thank Brianne Addison, Rachel Hanauer, Dana
Hawley and Kirk Klasing for contributing samples for the production of
Bethyl Laboratories' anti-passerine antibody. We also thank Ellecia
Rainwater, Molly Hiatt and Cara Franey for their technical assistance.
This research was funded by Creighton College of Arts and Sciences
Research Initiative Grant to CFO and National Institutes of Health grant
1R15HD066378-01 to JLG. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 22
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U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
BP 1174
EP 1181
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12583
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB8VZ
UT WOS:000387670700005
PM 27800150
ER
PT J
AU Watt, J
Ponce, D
Parsons, T
Hart, P
AF Watt, Janet
Ponce, David
Parsons, Tom
Hart, Patrick
TI Missing link between the Hayward and Rodgers Creek faults
SO SCIENCE ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; EARTHQUAKE RUPTURE FORECAST; NORTHERN CALIFORNIA;
GROUND-MOTION; SLIP FAULTS; REGION; SYSTEM; EAST; DYNAMICS; UCERF3
AB The nextmajor earthquake to strike the similar to 7 million residents of the San Francisco Bay Area will most likely result from rupture of the Hayward or Rodgers Creek faults. Until now, the relationship between these two faults beneath San Pablo Bay has been a mystery. Detailed subsurface imaging provides definitive evidence of active faulting along the Hayward fault as it traverses San Pablo Bay and bends similar to 10 degrees to the right toward the Rodgers Creek fault. Integrated geophysical interpretation and kinematic modeling show that the Hayward and Rodgers Creek faults are directly connected at the surface-a geometric relationship that has significant implications for earthquake dynamics and seismic hazard. A direct link enables simultaneous rupture of the Hayward and Rodgers Creek faults, a scenario that could result in a major earthquake (M = 7.4) that would cause extensive damage and loss of life with global economic impact.
C1 [Watt, Janet; Hart, Patrick] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Ponce, David; Parsons, Tom] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Watt, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jwatt@usgs.gov
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 2375-2548
J9 SCI ADV
JI Sci. Adv.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 10
AR e1601441
DI 10.1126/sciadv.1601441
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA EC2YV
UT WOS:000387991500045
ER
PT J
AU Hellmann, JJ
Grundel, R
Hoving, C
Schuurman, GW
AF Hellmann, Jessica J.
Grundel, Ralph
Hoving, Chris
Schuurman, Gregor W.
TI A call to insect scientists: challenges and opportunities of managing
insect communities under climate change
SO CURRENT OPINION IN INSECT SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID MONARCH BUTTERFLIES; LOCAL ADAPTATION; CANOPY COVER; ET-AL; POPULATION;
BIODIVERSITY; MIGRATION; IMPACTS; QUALITY; MODELS
AB As climate change moves insect systems into uncharted territory, more knowledge about insect dynamics and the factors that drive them could enable us to better manage and conserve insect communities. Climate change may also require us to revisit insect management goals and strategies and lead to a new kind of scientific engagement in management decision-making. Here we make five key points about the role of insect science in aiding and crafting management decisions, and we illustrate those points with the monarch butterfly and the Karner blue butterfly, two species undergoing considerable change and facing new management dilemmas. Insect biology has a strong history of engagement in applied problems, and as the impacts of climate change increase, a reimagined ethic of entomology in service of broader society may emerge. We hope to motivate insect biologists to contribute time and effort toward solving the challenges of climate change.
C1 [Hellmann, Jessica J.] Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Hellmann, Jessica J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Grundel, Ralph] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA.
[Hoving, Chris] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lansing, MI 48909 USA.
[Hoving, Chris] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Schuurman, Gregor W.] Natl Pk Serv, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Hellmann, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Inst Environm, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.; Hellmann, JJ (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM hellmann@umn.edu
NR 56
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U1 21
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2214-5745
EI 2214-5753
J9 CURR OPIN INSECT SCI
JI Curr. Opin. Insect Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
BP 92
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.cois.2016.08.005
PG 6
WC Biology; Ecology; Entomology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Entomology
GA EA2KJ
UT WOS:000386420900016
PM 27720080
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, JB
Hecht, A
Robinson, KF
Osnas, EE
Tyre, AJ
Davis, C
Kocek, A
Maslo, B
Melvin, SM
AF Cohen, Jonathan B.
Hecht, Anne
Robinson, Kelly F.
Osnas, Erik E.
Tyre, Andrew J.
Davis, Christina
Kocek, Alison
Maslo, Brooke
Melvin, Scott M.
TI To exclose nests or not: structured decision making for the conservation
of a threatened species
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE endangered species; nest exclosures; nest survival; piping plover;
population model; structured decision making
ID PIPING PLOVER NESTS; PREDATOR EXCLOSURES; CHARADRIUS-MELODUS;
REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; UNCERTAINTY; RECOVERY;
MODELS; POPULATION; MORTALITY
AB Decisions regarding endangered species recovery often face sparse data and multiple sources of uncertainty about the effects of management. Structured decision making (SDM) provides a framework for assembling knowledge and expert opinion and evaluating the tradeoffs between different objectives while formally incorporating uncertainty. The Atlantic Coast piping plover provides an illustrative case for the utility of SDM in endangered species management because its population growth is simple to model, most populations are monitored, decision alternatives are well defined, and many managers are open to recovery recommendations. We built a model to evaluate the decision to use nest exclosures to protect piping plover eggs from predators, where the objective was to maximize lambda and the tradeoff was between nest survival and adult survival. The latter can be reduced by exclosures. We used a novel mixed multinomial logistic exposure model to predict daily nest fates and incorporated the results into a stochastic projection matrix that included renesting after nest failure, and adult mortality associated with abandonment. In our test data set (n = 329 nests from 28 sites over four years), the mean nest survival over 34 days was markedly higher for exclosed nests (0.76 +/- 0.03 SE) than for unexclosed nests (0.37 +/- 0.07). Abandonment rates were also higher for exclosed nests (0.092 +/- 0.017) than for unexclosed nests (0.045 +/- 0.017), but the difference was not statistically significant and the loss rate to "other sources" (mostly predators) was much lower for exclosed nests (0.15 +/- 0.03) than for unexclosed nests (0.58 +/- 0.07). Population growth rate (lambda) was clearly improved by exclosure use at the sites with high background nest loss rates, but lambda was still <1 with exclosure use. Where the background nest loss rates were low, the decision to use exclosures was ambiguous, and lambda could benefit from reducing uncertainty in vital rates. Our process demonstrated that geographic and temporal variation in nest mortality determines whether exclosures will be useful in attaining positive population growth rates and that other management options must be considered where the background nest mortality rates are high.
C1 [Cohen, Jonathan B.; Kocek, Alison] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Hecht, Anne] USFWS, Endangered Species Program, Northeast Reg, Sudbury, MA 01776 USA.
[Robinson, Kelly F.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Osnas, Erik E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Reg 7, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Tyre, Andrew J.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA.
[Davis, Christina] New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Woodbine, NJ 08270 USA.
[Maslo, Brooke] Rutgers State Univ, Ecol Evolut & Nat Resources, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Melvin, Scott M.] Massachusetts Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Westborough, MA 01581 USA.
[Robinson, Kelly F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48842 USA.
RP Cohen, JB (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM jcohen14@esf.edu
NR 59
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR UNSP e01499
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1499
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300037
ER
PT J
AU Coletti, HA
Bodkin, JL
Monson, DH
Ballachey, BE
Dean, TA
AF Coletti, Heather A.
Bodkin, James L.
Monson, Daniel H.
Ballachey, Brenda E.
Dean, Thomas A.
TI Detecting and inferring cause of change in an Alaska nearshore marine
ecosystem
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; ecosystem dynamics; energy recovery rates; Enhydra lutris;
Gulf of Alaska; long-term monitoring; mortality; nearshore marine food
web; sea otter; Special Feature: Science for Our National Parks' Second
Century; vital signs
ID EXXON-VALDEZ OIL; PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; SEA OTTER PREDATION; LONG-TERM
RESEARCH; EL-NINO; KELP FORESTS; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; SUBTIDAL
COMMUNITIES; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; MORTALITY PATTERNS
AB Community composition, species abundance, and species distribution are expected to change while monitoring ecosystems over time, and effective management of natural resources requires understanding mechanisms contributing to change. Marine ecosystems in particular can be difficult to monitor, in part due to large, multidimensional spatial scales and complex dynamics. However, within the temperate marine ecosystems, the nearshore food web is reasonably well described. This food web is ecologically and socially important, spatially constrained, and has been the focus of extensive experimental research that describes the underlying mechanisms important to system dynamics. Here, we describe a monitoring program initiated in 2006 that focuses on the nearshore benthic food web in the Gulf of Alaska, whose design anticipates potential causes of ecosystem change to improve rigor, resolution, and confidence in understanding the mechanisms underlying change. We established 15 long-term monitoring sites across more than 1000 km of coastline, including 10 within two national parks and 5 within Prince William Sound, area of the 1989 Exxon Valdez oil spill. The program evaluates six ecological indicators and more than 200 species that range from primary producers to top-level consumers, and is designed to examine both bottom-up and top-down dynamics. Employing a design that allows broad spatial inference and selecting species with direct food-web linkages, we demonstrate the ability of our monitoring program to simultaneously detect change and assess potential mechanisms underlying that change. Detecting change and understanding mechanisms can help guide management and conservation policy. Specifically, we provide an example focusing on the sea otter (Enhydra lutris) that illustrates how (1) analytical methods are used to evaluate changes on various scales and infer potential mechanisms of change, (2) food-web linkages can enhance the understanding of changes and their effects, and (3) data can be used to inform management.
C1 [Coletti, Heather A.] Natl Pk Serv, 4175 Geist Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Bodkin, James L.; Monson, Daniel H.; Ballachey, Brenda E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Dean, Thomas A.] Coastal Resources Associates Inc, 5190 El Arbol Dr, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
RP Coletti, HA (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, 4175 Geist Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
EM Heather_Coletti@nps.gov
FU Exxon Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council; National Park Service; USGS
Alaska Science Center
FX The research described in this manuscript was supported by the Exxon
Valdez Oil Spill Trustee Council. However, the findings and conclusions
presented by the authors are their own and do not necessarily reflect
the views or position of the Trustee Council. The National Park Service
and the USGS Alaska Science Center also supported this work. We greatly
appreciate the support of Alan Bennett, George Esslinger, Kimberly
Kloecker, Allan Fukuyama, Mandy Lindeberg, Dorothy Mortenson, Michael
Shephard, William Thompson, and Benjamin Weitzman as well as the
exceptional cooperation by the NPS staff of KATM, KEFJ, and the
Southwest Alaska Network. Thank you to Daniel Esler, Amy Miller,
Christopher Sergeant, and one anonymous reviewer for their thoughtful
comments.
NR 106
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1489
PG 20
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300028
ER
PT J
AU Doherty, KE
Evans, JS
Coates, PS
Juliusson, LM
Fedy, BC
AF Doherty, Kevin E.
Evans, Jeffrey S.
Coates, Peter S.
Juliusson, Lara M.
Fedy, Bradley C.
TI Importance of regional variation in conservation planning: a rangewide
example of the Greater Sage-Grouse
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding habitat; conservation planning; ecological variation; function
habitat response; Greater Sage-Grouse; landscape context; population
index; resource selection function; spatial modeling; thresholds
ID RESOURCE SELECTION FUNCTIONS; WINTER HABITAT SELECTION;
FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES; RANDOM FORESTS; EXTINCTION THRESHOLDS; SAGEBRUSH
HABITATS; LEKS IMPLICATIONS; TELEMETRY DATA; BOREAL FOREST;
UNITED-STATES
AB We developed rangewide population and habitat models for Greater Sage-Grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) that account for regional variation in habitat selection and relative densities of birds for use in conservation planning and risk assessments. We developed a probabilistic model of occupied breeding habitat by statistically linking habitat characteristics within 4 miles of an occupied lek using a nonlinear machine learning technique (Random Forests). Habitat characteristics used were quantified in GIS and represent standard abiotic and biotic variables related to sage-grouse biology. Statistical model fit was high (mean correctly classified = 82.0%, range = 75.4-88.0%) as were cross-validation statistics (mean = 80.9%, range = 75.1-85.8%). We also developed a spatially explicit model to quantify the relative density of breeding birds across each Greater Sage-Grouse management zone. The models demonstrate distinct clustering of relative abundance of sage-grouse populations across all management zones. On average, approximately half of the breeding population is predicted to be within 10% of the occupied range. We also found that 80% of sage-grouse populations were contained in 25-34% of the occupied range within each management zone. Our rangewide population and habitat models account for regional variation in habitat selection and the relative densities of birds, and thus, they can serve as a consistent and common currency to assess how sage-grouse habitat and populations overlap with conservation actions or threats over the entire sage-grouse range. We also quantified differences in functional habitat responses and disturbance thresholds across the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (WAFWA) management zones using statistical relationships identified during habitat modeling. Even for a species as specialized as Greater Sage-Grouse, our results show that ecological context matters in both the strength of habitat selection (i.e., functional response curves) and response to disturbance.
C1 [Doherty, Kevin E.; Juliusson, Lara M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 134 Union Blvd, Lakewood, CO 80228 USA.
[Evans, Jeffrey S.] Nature Conservancy, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Evans, Jeffrey S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Coates, Peter S.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Fedy, Bradley C.] Univ Waterloo, Environm Resources & Sustainabil, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
RP Doherty, KE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 134 Union Blvd, Lakewood, CO 80228 USA.
EM kevin_doherty@fws.gov
NR 100
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01462
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1462
PG 27
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300006
ER
PT J
AU Drake, KK
Bowen, L
Nussear, KE
Esque, TC
Berger, AJ
Custer, NA
Waters, SC
Johnson, JD
Miles, AK
Lewison, RL
AF Drake, K. Kristina
Bowen, Lizabeth
Nussear, Kenneth E.
Esque, Todd C.
Berger, Andrew J.
Custer, Nathan A.
Waters, Shannon C.
Johnson, Jay D.
Miles, A. Keith
Lewison, Rebecca L.
TI Negative impacts of invasive plants on conservation of sensitive desert
wildlife
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE annual plants; Bromus rubens; diet; gene transcription; Gopherus
agassizii; habitat disturbance; immune function; invasive; Mojave
Desert; Mojave Desert tortoise; nutrition
ID TORTOISES GOPHERUS-AGASSIZII; MOJAVE DESERT; NUTRITIONAL QUALITY;
PHYSIOLOGICAL ECOLOGY; SOUTHERN NEVADA; JUVENILE DESERT; IMMUNE
FUNCTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATURAL FOODS; FIRE
AB Habitat disturbance from development, resource extraction, off-road vehicle use, and energy development ranks highly among threats to desert systems worldwide. In the Mojave Desert, United States, these disturbances have promoted the establishment of nonnative plants, so that native grasses and forbs are now intermixed with, or have been replaced by invasive, nonnative Mediterranean grasses. This shift in plant composition has altered food availability for Mojave Desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii), a federally listed species. We hypothesized that this change in forage would negatively influence the physiological ecology, immune competence, and health of neonatal and yearling tortoises. To test this, we monitored the effects of diet on growth, body condition, immunological responses (measured by gene transcription), and survival for 100 captive Mojave tortoises. Tortoises were assigned to one of five diets: native forbs, native grass, invasive grass, and native forbs combined with either the native or invasive grass. Tortoises eating native forbs had better body condition and immune functions, grew more, and had higher survival rates (> 95%) than tortoises consuming any other diet. At the end of the experiment, 32% of individuals fed only native grass and 37% fed only invasive grass were found dead or removed from the experiment due to poor body conditions. In contrast, all tortoises fed either the native forb or combined native forb and native grass diets survived and were in good condition. Health and body condition quickly declined for tortoises fed only the native grass (Festuca octoflora) or invasive grass (Bromus rubens) with notable loss of fat and muscle mass and increased muscular atrophy. Bromus rubens seeds were found embedded in the oral mucosa and tongue in most individuals eating that diet, which led to mucosal inflammation. Genes indicative of physiological, immune, and metabolic functions were transcribed at lower levels for individuals fed B. rubens, indicating potential greater susceptibility to disease or other health-related problems. This study highlights the negative indirect effects of invasive grasses, such as red brome, in desert ecosystems, and provides definitive evidence of a larger negative consequence to health, survival, and ultimately population recruitment for Mojave Desert tortoises than previously understood.
C1 [Drake, K. Kristina; Esque, Todd C.; Berger, Andrew J.; Custer, Nathan A.; Miles, A. Keith] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Drake, K. Kristina; Lewison, Rebecca L.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Drake, K. Kristina; Miles, A. Keith] Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
[Bowen, Lizabeth; Waters, Shannon C.] Univ Calif Davis, US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Davis Field Stn, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
[Nussear, Kenneth E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Johnson, Jay D.] Arizona Exot Anim Hosp, 744 N Ctr St,Suite 101, Mesa, AZ 85201 USA.
RP Drake, KK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.; Drake, KK (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, 5500 Campanile Dr, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.; Drake, KK (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Grad Grp Ecol, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
EM kdrake@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Land Management; Southern Nevada District Office; Coyote
Springs Investment Corporation, LLC
FX We thank many people for their contributions in this study, especially
F. Chen, M. Walden, R. Inman, P. Medica, I. Lamkin, and many volunteers.
Additionally, we thank R. Averill-Murray (USFWS) for supporting this
research and D. Shyrock, R. Inman, and J. Yee for statistical assistance
with the data. We thank D. Lipson, J. Foley, B. Todd, D. Deutschman, J.
Stott, M. Trego, C. Clatterbuck, J. Feltner, and M. Jennings for
providing reviews on earlier versions of this work. This manuscript was
greatly improved by L. DeFalco and anonymous reviewers. Funding was
provided by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management, Southern Nevada District
Office, and Coyote Springs Investment Corporation, LLC. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01531
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1531
PG 20
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300057
ER
PT J
AU Eads, DA
Biggins, DE
Xu, L
Liu, QY
AF Eads, David A.
Biggins, Dean E.
Xu, Lei
Liu, Qiyong
TI Plague cycles in two rodent species from China: dry years might provide
context for epizootics in wet years
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Daurian ground squirrel; flea; Meriones unguiculatus; Mongolian gerbil;
plague; Siphonaptera; Spermophilus dauricus; Yersinia pestis
ID DOGS CYNOMYS-LUDOVICIANUS; FLEA-BORNE TRANSMISSION; PRAIRIE DOGS;
YERSINIA-PESTIS; SYLVATIC PLAGUE; PRECIPITATION; POPULATIONS;
MAINTENANCE; PERSISTENCE; EFFICIENCY
AB Plague, a rodent-associated, flean-borne zoonosis, is one of the most notorious diseases in history. Rates of plague transmission can increase when fleas are abundant. Fleas commonly desiccate and die when reared under dry conditions in laboratories, suggesting fleas will be suppressed during droughts in the wild, thus reducing the rate at which plague spreads among hosts. In contrast, fleas might increase in abundance when precipitation is plentiful, producing epizootic outbreaks during wet years. We tested these hypotheses using a 27-yr data set from two rodents in Inner Mongolia, China: Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) and Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus). For both species of rodents, fleas were most abundant during years preceded by dry growing seasons. For gerbils, the prevalence of plague increased during wet years preceded by dry growing seasons. If precipitation is scarce during the primary growing season, succulent plants decline in abundance and, consequently, herbivorous rodents can suffer declines in body condition. Fleas produce more offspring and better survive when parasitizing food-limited hosts, because starving animals tend to exhibit inefficient behavioral and immunological defenses against fleas. Further, rodent burrows might buffer fleas from xeric conditions aboveground during dry years. After a dry year, fleas might be abundant due to the preceding drought, and if precipitation and succulent plants become more plentiful, rodents could increase in density, thereby creating connectivity that facilitates the spread of plague. Moreover, in wet years, mild temperatures might increase the efficiency at which fleas transmit the plague bacterium, while also helping fleas to survive as they quest among hosts. In this way, dry years could provide context for epizootics of plague in wet years.
C1 [Eads, David A.; Biggins, Dean E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Eads, David A.; Biggins, Dean E.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Xu, Lei; Liu, Qiyong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Communicable Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Infect Dis Prevent & Control, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China.
RP Eads, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.; Eads, DA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM deads@usgs.gov
FU Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
[XDB11050300]; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); USGS; Colorado State
University through USGS [G14AC00403]
FX Efforts to collect data were supported by the Strategic Priority
Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB11050300).
Funding for DAE and DEB was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS). DAE thanks the USGS and Colorado State University for financial
support through Cooperative Agreement Number G14AC00403 from the USGS,
and P. Stevens and M. Antolin for professional support. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The authors claim no conflict
of interest.
NR 66
TC 0
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U1 7
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01495
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1495
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300033
ER
PT J
AU Fay, PA
Guntenspergen, GR
Olker, JH
Johnson, WC
AF Fay, Philip A.
Guntenspergen, Glenn R.
Olker, Jennifer H.
Johnson, W. Carter
TI Climate change impacts on freshwater wetland hydrology and vegetation
cover cycling along a regional aridity gradient
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem models; ecosystem services; grasslands; Prairie Pothole
Region; precipitation gradient; wetland complexes; wetland conservation;
WETLANDSCAPE
ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; DYNAMICS
AB Global mean temperature may increase up to 6 degrees C by the end of this century and together with precipitation change may steepen regional aridity gradients. The hydrology, productivity, and ecosystem services from freshwater wetlands depend on their future water balance. We simulated the hydrology and vegetation dynamics of wetland complexes in the North American Prairie Pothole Region with the WETLANDSCAPE model. Simulations for 63 precipitation x temperature combinations spanning 6 degrees C warming and - 20% to + 20% annual precipitation change at 19 locations along a mid-continental aridity gradient showed that aridity explained up to 99% of the variation in wetland stage and hydroperiod for all wetland permanence types, and in vegetation cycling for semipermanent wetlands. The magnitude and direction of hydrologic responses depended on whether climate changes increased or decreased water deficits. Warming to 6 degrees C and 20% less precipitation increased wetland water deficits and more strongly decreased wetland stage and hydroperiod from historic levels at low aridity, especially in semipermanent wetlands, where peak vegetation cycling (Cover Cycle Index, CCI) also shifted to lower aridity. In contrast, 20% more precipitation decreased water deficits, increasing wetland stage and hydroperiod most strongly in shallow wetlands at high aridity, but filling semipermanent wetlands and reducing CCI at low aridity. All climate changes narrowed the range of aridity favorable to high productivity. Climate changes that reduce water deficits may help maintain wetlands at high aridity at the expense of those at low aridity, but with warming certain, increased deficits are more likely and will help maintain wetlands at lower aridity but exacerbate loss of wetlands at high aridity. Thus, there is likely not a universally applicable approach to mitigating climate change impacts on freshwater wetlands across regional aridity gradients. Conservation strategies need to account for aridity-specific effects of climate change on freshwater wetland ecosystems.
C1 [Fay, Philip A.] USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
[Guntenspergen, Glenn R.] Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, USGS, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Olker, Jennifer H.] Univ Minnesota Duluth, Nat Resources Res Inst, 5013 Miller Trunk Highway, Duluth, MN 55811 USA.
[Johnson, W. Carter] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
RP Fay, PA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Grassland Soil & Water Res Lab, 808 E Blackland Rd, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
EM philip.fay@ars.usda.gov
FU National Science Foundation [1339944, 1340413]; U.S. Geological Survey
Climate and Land-Use Research and Development Program; USDA-Agricultural
Research Service Climate; Air and Soils National Program; USDA-NIFA
[2010-12865615-20632]
FX We thank Anne Gibson for generating the weather scenarios and
acknowledge funding from the National Science Foundation (Behavioral and
Cognitive Sciences 1339944, Emerging Frontiers 1340413), U.S. Geological
Survey Climate and Land-Use Research and Development Program,
USDA-Agricultural Research Service Climate, Air and Soils National
Program, and USDA-NIFA (2010-12865615-20632). Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. USDA is an Equal Opportunity
Employer. The authors declare no conflict of interests.
NR 29
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U1 12
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01504
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1504
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300042
ER
PT J
AU Kindschuh, SR
Cain, JW
Daniel, D
Peyton, MA
AF Kindschuh, Sarah R.
Cain, James W., III
Daniel, David
Peyton, Mark A.
TI Efficacy of GPS cluster analysis for predicting carnivory sites of a
wide-ranging omnivore: the American black bear
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE black bear carnivory; GPS location cluster; kill site; predator-prey
interactions; prey composition; telemetry; ungulate; Ursus americanus
ID GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; ELK CALF SURVIVAL;
KILL RATES; ACTIVITY PATTERNS; GRIZZLY BEARS; UNGULATE CARCASSES;
URSUS-AMERICANUS; TAILED DEER; PREDATION
AB The capacity to describe and quantify predation by large carnivores expanded considerably with the advent of GPS technology. Analyzing clusters of GPS locations formed by carnivores facilitates the detection of predation events by identifying characteristics which distinguish predation sites. We present a performance assessment of GPS cluster analysis as applied to the predation and scavenging of an omnivore, the American black bear (Ursus americanus), on ungulate prey and carrion. Through field investigations of 6854 GPS locations from 24 individual bears, we identified 54 sites where black bears formed a cluster of locations while predating or scavenging elk (Cervus elaphus), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), or cattle (Bos spp.). We developed models for three data sets to predict whether a GPS cluster was formed at a carnivory site vs. a non-carnivory site (e.g., bed sites or non-ungulate foraging sites). Two full-season data sets contained GPS locations logged at either 3-h or 30-min intervals from April to November, and a third data set contained 30-min interval data from April through July corresponding to the calving period for elk. Longer fix intervals resulted in the detection of fewer carnivory sites. Clusters were more likely to be carnivory sites if they occurred in open or edge habitats, if they occurred in the early season, if the mean distance between all pairs of GPS locations within the cluster was less, and if the cluster endured for a longer period of time. Clusters were less likely to be carnivory sites if they were initiated in the morning or night compared to the day. The top models for each data set performed well and successfully predicted 71-96% of field-verified carnivory events, 55-75% of non-carnivory events, and 58-76% of clusters overall. Refinement of this method will benefit from further application across species and ecological systems.
C1 [Kindschuh, Sarah R.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, MSC 4901,POB 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Cain, James W., III] New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, US Geol Survey, MSC 4901,POB 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Daniel, David] New Mexico State Univ, Appl Stat Program, POB 30001, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Peyton, Mark A.] Valles Caldera Natl Preserve, 090 Villa Louis Martin,POB 359, Jemez Springs, NM 87025 USA.
[Kindschuh, Sarah R.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, 600 Capitol Way North, Olympia, WA 98501 USA.
RP Cain, JW (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, US Geol Survey, MSC 4901,POB 30003, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jwcain@nmsu.edu
FU United States Forest Service; Valles Caldera National Preserve; T E,
Inc.
FX We thank Dan Tomasetti and Ruth Passernig for contributions to field
investigations of cluster sites. Robert Parmenter provided extensive
logistical support. Reviews by Brian Jansen, Stewart Liley, and two
anonymous reviewers improved an earlier draft of this manuscript. The
United States Forest Service, Valles Caldera National Preserve, and T &
E, Inc., provided funding and equipment. The Santa Fe National Forest,
Jemez Ranger District, Bandelier National Monument, and the Jemez Pueblo
provided access and logistical support. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 52
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U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01513
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1513
PG 17
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300046
ER
PT J
AU Martyn, TE
Bradford, JB
Schlaepfer, DR
Burke, IC
Lauenroth, WK
AF Martyn, Trace E.
Bradford, John B.
Schlaepfer, Daniel R.
Burke, Ingrid C.
Lauenroth, William K.
TI Seed bank and big sagebrush plant community composition in a range
margin for big sagebrush
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia tridentata; climate change; migration; range expansion; range
margin plant communities
ID RECENT CLIMATE-CHANGE; ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; EVOLUTIONARY RESPONSES;
SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; BROMUS-TECTORUM; GREAT-BASIN; SOIL; ECOSYSTEMS;
VEGETATION; PATTERNS
AB The potential influence of seed bank composition on range shifts of species due to climate change is unclear. Seed banks can provide a means of both species persistence in an area and local range expansion in the case of increasing habitat suitability, as may occur under future climate change. However, a mismatch between the seed bank and the established plant community may represent an obstacle to persistence and expansion. In big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata) plant communities in Montana, USA, we compared the seed bank to the established plant community. There was less than a 20% similarity in the relative abundance of species between the established plant community and the seed bank. This difference was primarily driven by an overrepresentation of native annual forbs and an underrepresentation of big sagebrush in the seed bank compared to the established plant community. Even though we expect an increase in habitat suitability for big sagebrush under future climate conditions at our sites, the current mismatch between the plant community and the seed bank could impede big sagebrush range expansion into increasingly suitable habitat in the future.
C1 [Martyn, Trace E.; Schlaepfer, Daniel R.; Burke, Ingrid C.; Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Biol, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Schlaepfer, Daniel R.] Univ Basel, Sect Conservat Biol, Dept Environm Sci, St Johanns Vorstadt 10, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
[Burke, Ingrid C.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Burke, Ingrid C.] Univ Wyoming, Haub Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Bim Kendall House,804 E Fremont St, Laramie, WY 82072 USA.
[Martyn, Trace E.] Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Martyn, TE (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Biol, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.; Martyn, TE (reprint author), Univ Queensland, Sch Biol Sci, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia.
EM t.martyn@uq.net.au
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
FU North Central Climate Science Center; US Fish and Wildlife Service;
University of Wyoming; US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area
FX We thank K. Palmquist for help with multiple revisions of this
manuscript. We also thank K. Taylor and L. Lindquist for help in the
field and laboratory. Data collection was supported by the North Central
Climate Science Center and the US Fish and Wildlife Service. T. E. M.
was supported by the University of Wyoming, and J. B. B. was supported
by the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 59
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U1 5
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01453
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1453
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300003
ER
PT J
AU Monahan, WB
Rosemartin, A
Gerst, KL
Fisichelli, NA
Ault, T
Schwartz, MD
Gross, JE
Weltzin, JF
AF Monahan, William B.
Rosemartin, Alyssa
Gerst, Katharine L.
Fisichelli, Nicholas A.
Ault, Toby
Schwartz, Mark D.
Gross, John E.
Weltzin, Jake F.
TI Climate change is advancing spring onset across the US national park
system
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; landscape context; monitoring; national parks;
phenology; protected areas; Special Feature: Science for Our National
Parks' Second Century; spring index; United States
ID UNITED-STATES; PHENOLOGICAL RESPONSE; FLOWERING PHENOLOGY; PLANT
PHENOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; INDEXES; DESERT; TRENDS; FROST
AB Many U.S. national parks are already at the extreme warm end of their historical temperature distributions. With rapidly warming conditions, park resource management will be enhanced by information on seasonality of climate that supports adjustments in the timing of activities such as treating invasive species, operating visitor facilities, and scheduling climate-related events (e.g., flower festivals and fall leaf-viewing). Seasonal changes in vegetation, such as pollen, seed, and fruit production, are important drivers of ecological processes in parks, and phenology has thus been identified as a key indicator for park monitoring. Phenology is also one of the most proximate biological responses to climate change. Here, we use estimates of start of spring based on climatically modeled dates of first leaf and first bloom derived from indicator plant species to evaluate the recent timing of spring onset (past 10-30 yr) in each U.S. natural resource park relative to its historical range of variability across the past 112 yr (1901-2012). Of the 276 high latitude to subtropical parks examined, spring is advancing in approximately three-quarters of parks (76%), and 53% of parks are experiencing "extreme" early springs that exceed 95% of historical conditions. Our results demonstrate how changes in climate seasonality are important for understanding ecological responses to climate change, and further how spatial variability in effects of climate change necessitates different approaches to management. We discuss how our results inform climate change adaptation challenges and opportunities facing parks, with implications for other protected areas, by exploring consequences for resource management and planning.
C1 [Monahan, William B.] Natl Pk Serv, Inventory & Monitoring Div, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, 1201 Oakridge Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Monahan, William B.] Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, USDA, 2150A Ctr Ave,Suite 331, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Rosemartin, Alyssa; Gerst, Katharine L.] USA Natl Phenol Network, Natl Coordinating Off, 1311 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Rosemartin, Alyssa; Gerst, Katharine L.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1311 E 4th St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Fisichelli, Nicholas A.; Gross, John E.] Natl Pk Serv, Climate Change Response Program, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, 1201 Oakridge Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Fisichelli, Nicholas A.] Acad Natl Pk, Schood Inst, Forest Ecol Program, POB 277, Winter Harbor, ME 04693 USA.
[Ault, Toby] Cornell Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, 1113 Bradfield, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Schwartz, Mark D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geog, POB 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Weltzin, Jake F.] US Geol Survey, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Monahan, WB (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Inventory & Monitoring Div, Nat Resource Stewardship & Sci, 1201 Oakridge Dr, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.; Monahan, WB (reprint author), Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, USDA, 2150A Ctr Ave,Suite 331, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM wmonahan@fs.fed.us
FU NPS landscape dynamics monitoring project, NPScape; NASA-NPS Landscape
Climate Change Vulnerability Project (NASA Applied Sciences program)
[10-BIOCLIM10-0034]; United States Geological Survey [G14AC00405]
FX This work was supported by the NPS landscape dynamics monitoring
project, NPScape, the NASA-NPS Landscape Climate Change Vulnerability
Project (NASA Applied Sciences program award number 10-BIOCLIM10-0034),
and by Cooperative Agreement (G14AC00405) from the United States
Geological Survey to the University of Arizona. The SI-x models were
developed using phenological data that are now available from the
National Phenology Database at the USA National Phenology Network. We
thank reviewers and colleagues who provided comments that greatly
improved an earlier version of this manuscript: Timothy Assal, Jherime
Kellermann, Abraham Miller-Rushing, Jeff Morisette, David Thoma, and
John Paul Schmit. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 88
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U1 28
U2 28
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01465
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1465
PG 17
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300008
ER
PT J
AU Paschoal, AMO
Massara, RL
Bailey, LL
Kendall, WL
Doherty, PF
Hirsch, A
Chiarello, AG
Paglia, AP
AF Paschoal, Ana Maria O.
Massara, Rodrigo L.
Bailey, Larissa L.
Kendall, William L.
Doherty, Paul F., Jr.
Hirsch, Andre
Chiarello, Adriano G.
Paglia, Adriano P.
TI Use of Atlantic Forest protected areas by free-ranging dogs: estimating
abundance and persistence of use
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Brazil; camera traps; conservation; exotic species; invasive species;
management; Neotropical Forest; reserves; robust design mark-recapture;
subsidized predator
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; ROAMING DOMESTIC DOGS; CANIS-FAMILIARIS; ROBUST
DESIGN; TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; TROPICAL FORESTS;
MARKED ANIMALS; HOME-RANGE; POPULATIONS
AB Worldwide, domestic dogs (Canis familiaris) are one of the most common carnivoran species in natural areas and their populations are still increasing. Dogs have been shown to impact wildlife populations negatively, and their occurrence can alter the abundance, behavior, and activity patterns of native species. However, little is known about abundance and density of the free-ranging dogs that use protected areas. Here, we used camera trap data with an open-robust design mark-recapture model to estimate the number of dogs that used protected areas in Brazilian Atlantic Forest. We estimated the time period these dogs used the protected areas, and explored factors that influenced the probability of continued use (e.g., season, mammal richness, proportion of forest), while accounting for variation in detection probability. Dogs in the studied system were categorized as rural free-ranging, and their abundance varied widely across protected areas (0-73 individuals). Dogs used protected areas near human houses for longer periods (e.g., >50% of sampling occasions) compared to more distant areas. We found no evidence that their probability of continued use varied with season or mammal richness. Dog detection probability decreased linearly among occasions, possibly due to the owners confining their dogs after becoming aware of our presence. Comparing our estimates to those for native carnivoran, we found that dogs were three to 85 times more abundant than ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), two to 25 times more abundant than puma (Puma concolor), and approximately five times more abundant than the crab-eating fox (Cerdocyon thous). Combining camera trapping data with modern mark-recapture methods provides important demographic information on free-ranging dogs that can guide management strategies to directly control dogs' abundance and ranging behavior.
C1 [Paschoal, Ana Maria O.; Massara, Rodrigo L.; Paglia, Adriano P.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, Lab Ecol & Conservacao, Ave Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
[Paschoal, Ana Maria O.; Massara, Rodrigo L.] Inst SerraDiCal Pesquisa & Conservacao, Rua Jose Hemeterio de Andrade 570, BR-30493180 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
[Paschoal, Ana Maria O.; Massara, Rodrigo L.; Bailey, Larissa L.; Doherty, Paul F., Jr.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1474 Campus Delivery,109 Wagar, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kendall, William L.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 1484 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hirsch, Andre] Univ Fed Sao Joao Del Rei, Programa Inst Bioengn, Km 47 Rodovia MG 424, BR-35701970 Sete Lagoas, MG, Brazil.
[Chiarello, Adriano G.] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Filosofia Ciencias & Letras Ribeirao Preto, Dept Biol, Ave Bandeirantes 3900, BR-14040901 Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil.
RP Paschoal, AMO (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, Lab Ecol & Conservacao, Ave Antonio Carlos 6627, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.; Paschoal, AMO (reprint author), Inst SerraDiCal Pesquisa & Conservacao, Rua Jose Hemeterio de Andrade 570, BR-30493180 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.; Paschoal, AMO (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1474 Campus Delivery,109 Wagar, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM anamuzenza@gmail.com
RI Paglia, Adriano/A-7965-2012; Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009;
OI Paglia, Adriano/0000-0001-9957-5506; Hirsch, Andre /0000-0001-9237-201X;
Chiarello, Adriano/0000-0003-1914-5480; Massara,
Rodrigo/0000-0003-1221-2185
FU Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico [CNPq
472802/2010-0]; FAPEMIG; Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Minas
Gerais (PUC MG); Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG);
Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES);
Brazilian Science Council (CNPq) [305902/2014-8]; Fundacao
Biodiversitas; Associacao Preserve Muriqui; Mineiracao Curimbaba;
Instituto Estadual de Florestas (IEF); Cenibra
FX This study was funded by Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico
e Tecnologico (CNPq 472802/2010-0) and FAPEMIG. We thank Colorado State
University and the Dr. Jim Lyons (USGS), Dr. Flavio H. G. Rodrigues
(UFMG), Dr. Mauro G. Rodrigues (UNESP), members of the Bailey and
Doherty laboratories and three anonymous reviewers for providing
insightful comments that helped to improve the manuscript. We also thank
our field assistant, Julianna Leticia Santos, and other local
volunteers. Support for this study was provided by Fundacao
Biodiversitas, Associacao Preserve Muriqui, Mineiracao Curimbaba,
Instituto Estadual de Florestas (IEF), Cenibra, Pontificia Universidade
Catolica de Minas Gerais (PUC MG), and Universidade Federal de Minas
Gerais (UFMG). Ana Maria O. Paschoal was funded by Coordenacao de
Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES). Dr. Adriano G.
Chiarello has a scholarship from the Brazilian Science Council (CNPq;
305902/2014-8). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 100
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01480
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1480
PG 15
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300020
ER
PT J
AU Sawyer, H
Middleton, AD
Hayes, MM
Kauffman, MJ
Monteith, KL
AF Sawyer, Hall
Middleton, Arthur D.
Hayes, Matthew M.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
Monteith, Kevin L.
TI The extra mile: Ungulate migration distance alters the use of seasonal
range and exposure to anthropogenic risk
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE carrying capacity; long-distance migration; mule deer; partial
migration; seasonal ranges; ungulate migration
ID MULE DEER; PREDATION RISK; NORTHWEST COLORADO; RESIDENT ELK; PATTERNS;
FORAGE; POPULATION; PRONGHORN; EVOLUTION; MOVEMENT
AB Partial migration occurs across a variety of taxa and has important ecological and evolutionary consequences. Among ungulates, studies of partially migratory populations have allowed researchers to compare and contrast performance metrics of migrants versus residents and examine how environmental factors influence the relative abundance of each. Such studies tend to characterize animals discretely as either migratory or resident, but we suggest that variable migration distances within migratory herds are an important and overlooked form of population structure, with potential consequences for animal fitness. We examined whether the variation in individual migration distances (20-264 km) within a single wintering population of mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) was associated with several critical behavioral attributes of migration, including timing of migration, time allocation to seasonal ranges, and exposure to anthropogenic mortality risks. Both the timing of migration and the amount of time animals allocated to seasonal ranges varied with migration distance. Animals migrating long distances (150-250 km) initiated spring migration more than three weeks before than those migrating moderate (50-150 km) or short distances (< 50 km). Across an entire year, long-distance migrants spent approximately 100 more days migrating compared to moderate-and short-distance migrants. Relatedly, winter residency of long-distance migrants was 71 d fewer than for animals migrating shorter distances. Exposure to anthropogenic mortality factors, including highways and fences, was high for long-distance migrants, whereas vulnerability to harvest was high for short-and moderate-distance migrants. By reducing the amount of time that animals spend on winter range, long-distance migration may alleviate intraspecific competition for limited forage and effectively increase carrying capacity. Clear differences in winter residency, migration duration, and risk of anthropogenic mortality among short-, moderate-, and long-distance migrants suggest fitness trade-offs may exist among migratory segments of the population. Future studies of partial migration may benefit from expanding comparisons of residents and migrants, to consider how variable migration distances of migrants may influence the costs and benefits of migration.
C1 [Sawyer, Hall] Western Ecosyst Technol Inc, 200 South 2nd St, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
[Middleton, Arthur D.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, 130 Hilgard Way, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Hayes, Matthew M.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.; Monteith, Kevin L.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Monteith, Kevin L.] Univ Wyoming, Haub Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Sawyer, H (reprint author), Western Ecosyst Technol Inc, 200 South 2nd St, Laramie, WY 82070 USA.
EM hsawyer@west-inc.com
FU Rock Springs Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management
FX We thank Patrick Burke, Dean Clause, Therese Hartman, Rusty Kaiser,
Lorraine Keith, Mark Snyder, Mark Thonhoff, and Mark Zornes for
logistical support. We appreciate the excellent survey and capture work
provided by Native Range Capture Services. We thank the Wyoming
Migration Initiative and University of Oregon InfoGraphics Lab for
mapping assistance. Funding for this study was provided by the Rock
Springs Field Office of the Bureau of Land Management. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Comments from two anonymous
reviewers helped improve the manuscript.
NR 60
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01534
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1534
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300059
ER
PT J
AU Spendelow, JA
Monticelli, D
Nichols, JD
Hines, JE
Nisbet, ICT
Cormons, G
Hays, H
Hatch, JJ
Mostello, CS
AF Spendelow, Jeffrey A.
Monticelli, David
Nichols, James D.
Hines, James E.
Nisbet, Ian C. T.
Cormons, Grace
Hays, Helen
Hatch, Jeremy J.
Mostello, Carolyn S.
TI Roseate Tern breeding dispersal and fidelity: responses to two newly
restored colony sites
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding dispersal; colony-site fidelity; metapopulation dynamics;
multistate capture-recapture models; Roseate Tern; spatial variation;
Sterna dougallii; temporal variation
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; LONG-LIVED SEABIRD; ADULT SURVIVAL; COMMON
TERNS; STERNA-HIRUNDO; AUDOUINS GULL; METAPOPULATION; RECRUITMENT;
POPULATION; DYNAMICS
AB We used 22 yr of capture-mark-reencounter (CMR) data collected from 1988 to 2009 on about 12,500 birds at what went from three to five coastal colony sites in Massachusetts, New York, and Connecticut, United States, to examine spatial and temporal variation in breeding dispersal/fidelity rates of adult Roseate Terns (Sterna dougallii). At the start of our study, Roseate Terns nested at only one site (Bird Island) in Buzzards Bay, Massachusetts, but two more sites in this bay (Ram and Penikese Islands) were subsequently recolonized and became incorporated into our CMR metapopulation study. We examined four major hypotheses about factors we thought might influence colony-site fidelity and movement rates in the restructured system. We found some evidence that colony-site fidelity remained higher at long-established sites compared with newer ones and that breeding dispersal was more likely to occur among nearby sites than distant ones. Sustained predation at Falkner Island, Connecticut, did not result in a sustained drop in fidelity rates of breeders. Patterns of breeding dispersal differed substantially at the two restored sites. The fidelity of Roseate Terns at Bird dropped quickly after nearby Ram was recolonized in 1994, and fidelity rates for Ram soon approached those for Bird. After an oil spill in Buzzards Bay in April 2003, hazing (deliberate disturbance) of the terns at Ram prior to the start of egg-laying resulted in lowering of fidelity at this site, a decrease in immigration from Bird, and recolonization of Penikese by Roseate Terns. Annual fidelity rates at Penikese increased somewhat several years after the initial recolonization, but they remained much lower there than at all the other sites throughout the study period. The sustained high annual rates of emigration from Penikese resulted in the eventual failure of the restoration effort there, and in 2013, no Roseate Terns nested at this site.
C1 [Spendelow, Jeffrey A.; Nichols, James D.; Hines, James E.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Monticelli, David] Univ Coimbra, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Ciencias Vida, Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, P-3004517 Coimbra, Portugal.
[Nisbet, Ian C. T.] ICT Nisbet & Co, 150 Alder Lane, N Falmouth, MA 02556 USA.
[Cormons, Grace] 26201 Dennis Rd, Parksley, VA 23421 USA.
[Hays, Helen] Amer Museum Nat Hist, Great Gull Isl Project, Cent Pk West & 79th St, New York, NY 10024 USA.
[Hatch, Jeremy J.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02125 USA.
[Mostello, Carolyn S.] Massachusetts Div Fisheries & Wildlife, Westborough, MA 01591 USA.
RP Monticelli, D (reprint author), Univ Coimbra, Fac Ciencias & Tecnol, Dept Ciencias Vida, Marine & Environm Sci Ctr, P-3004517 Coimbra, Portugal.
EM monticelli.david@gmail.com
FU USFWS; Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT-Portugal); European
Social Fund (POPH, EU) through a postdoctoral grant
[SFRH/BPD/66672/2009]; American Museum of Natural History; Connecticut
Audubon Society; Connecticut Chapter of the Nature Conservancy;
Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection; Fulton Foundation;
Little Harbor Laboratory; Massachusetts Audubon Society; Massachusetts
Division of Fisheries and Wildlife; Menunkatuck Audubon Society;
National Science Foundation Research Experiences for Undergraduates
Program; New Bedford Harbor Trustee Council; University of
Massachusetts; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; USGS Patuxent Wildlife
Research Center; Valley Shore Waterfowlers
FX We thank all those who assisted with the banding and resighting of
Roseate Terns at our study sites from 1988 to 2009 and those who
collected nest count data at all colony sites in our study area from
1988 to 2013. We also thank (in alphabetical order) the American Museum
of Natural History, Connecticut Audubon Society, Connecticut Chapter of
the Nature Conservancy, Connecticut Department of Environmental
Protection, Fulton Foundation, Little Harbor Laboratory, Massachusetts
Audubon Society, Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife,
Menunkatuck Audubon Society, National Science Foundation Research
Experiences for Undergraduates Program, New Bedford Harbor Trustee
Council, University of Massachusetts, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
USGS Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, and Valley Shore Waterfowlers
for permits or for logistic and/or financial support of the fieldwork
over the years. Veronica Varela helped obtain funding from the USFWS for
data entry of the CMR data collected after 2000, and Jim Lyons and four
anonymous reviewers made helpful comments on various drafts of the
manuscript. D. Monticelli was supported by the Foundation for Science
and Technology (FCT-Portugal) and the European Social Fund (POPH, EU)
through a postdoctoral grant (SFRH/BPD/66672/2009). Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01510
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1510
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300045
ER
PT J
AU Tredennick, AT
Hooten, MB
Aldridge, CL
Homer, CG
Kleinhesselink, AR
Adler, PB
AF Tredennick, Andrew T.
Hooten, Mevin B.
Aldridge, Cameron L.
Homer, Collin G.
Kleinhesselink, Andrew R.
Adler, Peter B.
TI Forecasting climate change impacts on plant populations over large
spatial extents
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia; climate change; dimension reduction; forecasting; population
model; remote sensing; sagebrush; spatiotemporal model
ID SAGEBRUSH ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; INTEGRAL PROJECTION MODELS; SPECIES
DISTRIBUTION MODELS; MOUNTAIN BIG SAGEBRUSH; GREATER SAGE-GROUSE;
BAYESIAN MODEL; DYNAMICS; RESPONSES; FUTURE; GROWTH
AB Plant population models are powerful tools for predicting climate change impacts in one location, but are difficult to apply at landscape scales. We overcome this limitation by taking advantage of two recent advances: remotely sensed, species-specific estimates of plant cover and statistical models developed for spatiotemporal dynamics of animal populations. Using computationally efficient model reparameterizations, we fit a spatiotemporal population model to a 28-year time series of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) percent cover over a 2.5 x 5 km landscape in southwestern Wyoming while formally accounting for spatial autocorrelation. We include interannual variation in precipitation and temperature as covariates in the model to investigate how climate affects the cover of sagebrush. We then use the model to forecast the future abundance of sagebrush at the landscape scale under projected climate change, generating spatially explicit estimates of sagebrush population trajectories that have, until now, been impossible to produce at this scale. Our broadscale and long-term predictions are rooted in small-scale and short-term population dynamics and provide an alternative to predictions offered by species distribution models that do not include population dynamics. Our approach, which combines several existing techniques in a novel way, demonstrates the use of remote sensing data to model population responses to environmental change that play out at spatial scales far greater than the traditional field study plot.
C1 [Tredennick, Andrew T.; Kleinhesselink, Andrew R.; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Tredennick, Andrew T.; Kleinhesselink, Andrew R.; Adler, Peter B.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Sustainabil, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Homer, Collin G.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Tredennick, AT (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Tredennick, AT (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM atredenn@gmail.com
RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011;
OI Tredennick, Andrew/0000-0003-1254-3339
FU National Science Foundation CAREER award [DEB-1054040]; NSF Postdoctoral
Research Fellowship in Biology [DBI-1400370]; NSF Graduate Research
Fellowship; Utah Agricultural Experiment Station, Utah State University
[8856]
FX This work is the outcome of a distributed graduate seminar led by PBA
and supported by a National Science Foundation CAREER award
(DEB-1054040). David T. Iles, Eric LaMalfa, and Rebecca Mann
participated in project conception as part of the distributed graduate
seminar and provided comments that improved the manuscript. ATT was
supported by an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology
(DBI-1400370), and AK was supported by an NSF Graduate Research
Fellowship. Additional support came from the Utah Agricultural
Experiment Station, Utah State University, and this article is approved
as journal paper number 8856. We are grateful to Debra K. Meyer at USGS
EROS for extracting the data set used in this study and to David Koons
and two anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript.
Compute, storage, and other resources from the Division of Research
Computing in the Office of Research and Graduate Studies at Utah State
University are gratefully acknowledged. We acknowledge the World Climate
Research Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is
responsible for CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (listed
in Appendix S1: Table S1) for producing and making available their model
output. For CMIP, the U.S. Department of Energy's Program for Climate
Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating support and
led development of software infrastructure in partnership with the
Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 64
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01525
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1525
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300054
ER
PT J
AU van Toor, ML
Newman, SH
Takekawa, JY
Wegmann, M
Safi, K
AF van Toor, Marielle L.
Newman, Scott H.
Takekawa, John Y.
Wegmann, Martin
Safi, Kamran
TI Temporal segmentation of animal trajectories informed by habitat use
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas crecca; animal movement; common teal; habitat use; life history;
migration; niche dynamics; random forest models; segmentation;
simulation; species distribution model; transferability
ID ECOLOGICAL NICHES; DISTRIBUTIONS; MOVEMENT; EVOLUTION; MIGRATION; MODELS
AB Most animals live in seasonal environments and experience very different conditions throughout the year. Behavioral strategies like migration, hibernation, and a life cycle adapted to the local seasonality help to cope with fluctuations in environmental conditions. Thus, how an individual utilizes the environment depends both on the current availability of habitat and the behavioral prerequisites of the individual at that time. While the increasing availability and richness of animal movement data has facilitated the development of algorithms that classify behavior by movement geometry, changes in the environmental correlates of animal movement have so far not been exploited for a behavioral annotation. Here, we suggest a method that uses these changes in individual-environment associations to divide animal location data into segments of higher ecological coherence, which we term niche segmentation. We use time series of random forest models to evaluate the transferability of habitat use over time to cluster observational data accordingly. We show that our method is able to identify relevant changes in habitat use corresponding to both changes in the availability of habitat and how it was used using simulated data, and apply our method to a tracking data set of common teal (Anas crecca). The niche segmentation proved to be robust, and segmented habitat suitability outperformed models neglecting the temporal dynamics of habitat use. Overall, we show that it is possible to classify animal trajectories based on changes of habitat use similar to geometric segmentation algorithms. We conclude that such an environmentally informed classification of animal trajectories can provide new insights into an individuals' behavior and enables us to make sensible predictions of how suitable areas might be connected by movement in space and time.
C1 [van Toor, Marielle L.; Safi, Kamran] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, Obstberg 1, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany.
[van Toor, Marielle L.; Safi, Kamran] Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, Univ Str 10, D-78464 Constance, Germany.
[Newman, Scott H.] Emergency Ctr Transboundary Anim Dis, Food & Agr Org United Nations, 3 Nguyen Gia Thieu St, Hanoi, Vietnam.
[Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.] Natl Audubon Soc, Sci Div, 220 Montgomery St, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA.
[Wegmann, Martin] Univ Wurzburg, Inst Geog & Geol, Dept Remote Sensing, Campus Hubland Nord 86, D-97074 Wurzburg, Germany.
RP van Toor, ML (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Dept Migrat & Immunoecol, Obstberg 1, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany.; van Toor, ML (reprint author), Univ Konstanz, Dept Biol, Univ Str 10, D-78464 Constance, Germany.
EM mvantoor@orn.mpg.de
OI Safi, Kamran/0000-0002-8418-6759
FU International Max Planck Research School for Organismal Biology
FX This work was made possible by the efforts of the many cooperating
scientists in China, Egypt, India, Kazakhstan, and Turkey who assisted
the Wildlife Health and Ecology Program at FAO and USGS in collection of
the tracking data with ecological findings provided in other reports and
papers. We are grateful to Bart Kranstauber and Martin Wikelski for
helpful discussions and to Rolf Weinzierl for his assistance with the
Movebank EnvDATA-System. We are also indebted to Karin Gross and Markus
Rampp for their support at the ends of the computing center of the Max
Planck Society. Bjorn Reineking and two anonymous reviewers provided
valuable comments on a previous version of the manuscript. The use of
trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government or
FAO. The views expressed in this publication are those of the author(s)
and do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Food and
Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. This study reanalyzed
several data sets from FAO and USGS published studies; Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee details are available in the original
publications. MLvT was supported by the International Max Planck
Research School for Organismal Biology.
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SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 10
AR e01498
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1498
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2TU
UT WOS:000387216300036
ER
PT J
AU Shanley, JB
Chalmers, AT
Mack, TJ
Smith, TE
Harte, PT
AF Shanley, James B.
Chalmers, Ann T.
Mack, Thomas J.
Smith, Thor E.
Harte, Philip T.
TI GROUNDWATER LEVEL TRENDS AND DRIVERS IN TWO NORTHERN NEW ENGLAND GLACIAL
AQUIFERS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE climate variability/change; groundwater hydrology; snow hydrology;
aquifer characteristics; watersheds; headwaters
ID GLOBAL WATER CYCLE; UNITED-STATES; HYDROLOGICAL CHANGES; US NORTHEAST;
CLIMATE; RIVER; INTENSIFICATION; PRECIPITATION; PROJECTIONS; SNOWMELT
AB We evaluated long-term trends and predictors of groundwater levels by month from two well studied northern New England forested headwater glacial aquifers: Sleepers River, Vermont, 44 wells, 1992-2013; and Hubbard Brook, New Hampshire, 15 wells, 1979-2004. Based on Kendall Tau tests with Sen slope determination, a surprising number of well-month combinations had negative trends (decreasing water levels) over the respective periods. Sleepers River had slightly more positive than negative trends overall, but among the significant trends (p < 0.1), negative trends dominated 67 to 40. At Hubbard Brook, negative trends outnumbered positive trends by a nearly 2:1 margin and all seven of the significant trends were negative. The negative trends occurred despite generally increasing trends in monthly and annual precipitation. This counterintuitive pattern may be a result of increased precipitation intensity causing higher runoff at the expense of recharge, such that evapotranspiration demand draws down groundwater storage. We evaluated predictors of month-end water levels by multiple regression of 18 variables related to climate, streamflow, snowpack, and prior month water level. Monthly flow and prior month water level were the two strongest predictors for most months at both sites. The predictive power and ready availability of streamflow data can be exploited as a proxy to extend limited groundwater level records over longer time periods.
C1 [Shanley, James B.; Chalmers, Ann T.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, 87 State St, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA.
[Mack, Thomas J.; Smith, Thor E.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA.
[Harte, Philip T.] US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
RP Shanley, JB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, 87 State St, Montpelier, VT 05602 USA.
EM jshanley@usgs.gov
FU USGS Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program of the
Climate and Land Use Mission Area; USGS Office of Groundwater
FX Sleepers River data collection is supported by the USGS Water, Energy,
and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program of the Climate and Land Use
Mission Area. Funding for this specific data analysis was provided by
the USGS Office of Groundwater. We thank Bill Thomas and Dave Langmaid,
and Dave's horse Kate for help with well installation, as well as Jon
Denner and Stew Clark for assistance in installation and operation of
the well network and collection of hydrometeorological data that made
this analysis possible. For Hubbard Brook data we gratefully acknowledge
the help of Don Buso, Don Rosenberry, Tammy Wooster, and Renee Parkhurst
for providing and checking the groundwater data, and the U.S. Forest
Service Hubbard Brook website for meteorological and flow data. Laura
Medalie and Mark Green offered helpful suggestions on statistical
approaches. Serena Matt, and Buddy Price helped with data compilation
and computation, and Matt Cheney assisted in figure drafting. We
gratefully acknowledge the efforts of the three journal reviewers, and
we are particularly indebted to Roh Dudley for his thorough and
insightful review. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 40
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SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 5
BP 1012
EP 1030
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12432
PG 19
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2EL
UT WOS:000387170400002
ER
PT J
AU McCabe, GJ
Wolock, DM
AF McCabe, Gregory J.
Wolock, David M.
TI VARIABILITY AND TRENDS IN RUNOFF EFFICIENCY IN THE CONTERMINOUS UNITED
STATES
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE runoff efficiency; runoff; climate variability; climate trends
ID LAND-USE CHANGE; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; STREAMFLOW; CLIMATE; BASIN
AB Variability and trends in water-year runoff efficiency (RE) - computed as the ratio of water-year runoff (streamflow per unit area) to water-year precipitation - in the conterminous United States (CONUS) are examined for the 1951 through 2012 period. Changes in RE are analyzed using runoff and precipitation data aggregated to United States Geological Survey 8-digit hydrologic cataloging units (HUs). Results indicate increases in RE for some regions in the north-central CONUS and large decreases in RE for the south-central CONUS. The increases in RE in the north-central CONUS are explained by trends in climate, whereas the large decreases in RE in the south-central CONUS likely are related to groundwater withdrawals from the Ogallala aquifer to support irrigated agriculture.
C1 [McCabe, Gregory J.] US Geol Survey, Branch Reg Res, Cent Branch, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 412, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wolock, David M.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
RP McCabe, GJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Branch Reg Res, Cent Branch, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 412, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM gmccabe@usgs.gov
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SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 5
BP 1046
EP 1055
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12431
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2EL
UT WOS:000387170400004
ER
PT J
AU Forsyth, DK
Riseng, CM
Wehrly, KE
Mason, LA
Gaiot, J
Hollenhorst, T
Johnston, CM
Wyrzykowski, C
Annis, G
Castiglione, C
Todd, K
Robertson, M
Infante, DM
Wang, LZ
McKenna, JE
Whelan, G
AF Forsyth, Danielle K.
Riseng, Catherine M.
Wehrly, Kevin E.
Mason, Lacey A.
Gaiot, John
Hollenhorst, Torn
Johnston, Craig M.
Wyrzykowski, Conrad
Annis, Gust
Castiglione, Chris
Todd, Kent
Robertson, Mike
Infante, Dana M.
Wang, Lizhu
McKenna, James E.
Whelan, Gary
TI THE GREAT LAKES HYDROGRAPHY DATASET: CONSISTENT, BINATIONAL WATERSHEDS
FOR THE LAURENTIAN GREAT LAKES BASIN
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE watersheds; Laurentian Great Lakes; Geographic Information System (GIS);
surface water hydrology
ID NEARSHORE
AB Ecosystem-based management of the Laurentian Great Lakes, which spans both the United States and Canada, is hampered by the lack of consistent binational watersheds for the entire Basin. Using comparable data sources and consistent methods, we developed spatially equivalent watershed boundaries for the binational extent of the Basin to create the Great Lakes Hydrography Dataset (GLHD). The GLHD consists of 5,589 watersheds for the entire Basin, covering a total area of approximately 547,967 km(2), or about twice the 247,003 km2 surface water area of the Great Lakes. The GLHD improves upon existing watershed efforts by delineating watersheds for the entire Basin using consistent methods; enhancing the precision of watershed delineation using recently developed flow direction grids that have been hydrologically enforced and vetted by provincial and federal water resource agencies; and increasing the accuracy of watershed boundaries by enforcing embayments, delineating watersheds on islands, and delineating watersheds for all tributaries draining to connecting channels. In addition, the GLHD is packaged in a publically available geodatabase that includes synthetic stream networks, reach catchments, watershed boundaries, a broad set of attribute data for each tributary, and metadata documenting methodology. The GLHD provides a common set of watersheds and associated hydrography data for the Basin that will enhance binational efforts to protect and restore the Great Lakes.
C1 [Forsyth, Danielle K.; Wehrly, Kevin E.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Fisheries Res Inst, 400 North Ingalls Bldg,NIB G250, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Forsyth, Danielle K.; Wehrly, Kevin E.] Univ Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Bldg,NIB G250, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Riseng, Catherine M.; Mason, Lacey A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Gaiot, John; Todd, Kent; Robertson, Mike] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Peterborough, ON K9J 8M5, Canada.
[Hollenhorst, Torn] US EPA, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
[Johnston, Craig M.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA.
[Wyrzykowski, Conrad] Agr & Agri Food Canada, Winnipeg, MB R3C 3G7, Canada.
[Annis, Gust] Nat Conservancy Michigan, Lansing, MI 48906 USA.
[Castiglione, Chris] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lower Great Lakes Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Basom, NY 14013 USA.
[Infante, Dana M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Wang, Lizhu] Int Joint Commiss, Great Lakes Off, Detroit, MI 48232 USA.
[McKenna, James E.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
[Whelan, Gary] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Div Fisheries, Lansing, MI 48909 USA.
RP Forsyth, DK (reprint author), Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Fisheries Res Inst, 400 North Ingalls Bldg,NIB G250, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.; Forsyth, DK (reprint author), Univ Michigan, 400 North Ingalls Bldg,NIB G250, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM ForsythDl@Michigan.gov
RI Forsyth, Danielle/E-4706-2015;
OI Forsyth, Danielle/0000-0001-9878-7320; Mason, Lacey/0000-0003-1541-3134
FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust; Michigan Department of Natural Resources;
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry; International Joint
Commission; National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Great Lakes
Environmental Research Laboratory; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Services; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; Environment
Canada; Nature Conservancy; Great Lakes Fishery Commission; University
of Michigan; Michigan State University; University of Minnesota-Duluth;
University of Windsor
FX We thank Arthur Cooper for his advice and guidance on catchment and
watershed development in the GIS environment. This project was funded by
the Great Lakes Fishery Trust and received in kind support from the
Michigan Department of Natural Resources, Ontario Ministry of Natural
Resources and Forestry; International Joint Commission, National Oceanic
and Atmospheric Administration Great Lakes Environmental Research
Laboratory, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services,
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Environment Canada, The Nature
Conservancy, the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, University of Michigan,
Michigan State University, University of Minnesota-Duluth, and
University of Windsor.
NR 36
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U1 5
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 5
BP 1068
EP 1088
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12435
PG 21
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2EL
UT WOS:000387170400006
ER
PT J
AU Littell, JS
Pederson, GT
Gray, ST
Tjoelker, M
Hamlet, AF
Woodhouse, CA
AF Littell, Jeremy S.
Pederson, Gregory T.
Gray, Stephen T.
Tjoelker, Michael
Hamlet, Alan F.
Woodhouse, Connie A.
TI RECONSTRUCTIONS OF COLUMBIA RIVER STREAMFLOW FROM TREE-RING CHRONOLOGIES
IN THE PACIFIC NORTHWEST, USA
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE climate variability; climate change; dendrochronology; drought; snow
hydrology; paleoclimate; streamflow; water supply
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; CLIMATE VARIABILITY; WATER-RESOURCES;
PRECIPITATION; FLOW; TEMPERATURE; BASIN; AMERICA; IMPACTS; DROUGHT
AB We developed Columbia River streamflow reconstructions using a network of existing, new, and updated tree-ring records sensitive to the main climatic factors governing discharge. Reconstruction quality is enhanced by incorporating tree-ring chronologies where high snowpack limits growth, which better represent the contribution of cool-season precipitation to flow than chronologies from trees positively sensitive to hydroclimate alone. The best performing reconstruction (back to 1609 CE) explains 59% of the historical variability and the longest reconstruction (back to 1502 CE) explains 52% of the variability. Droughts similar to the high-intensity, long-duration low flows observed during the 1920s and 1940s are rare, but occurred in the early 1500s and 1630s-1640s. The lowest Columbia flow events appear to be reflected in chronologies both positively and negatively related to streamflow, implying low snowpack and possibly low warm-season precipitation. High flows of magnitudes observed in the instrumental record appear to have been relatively common, and high flows from the 1680s to 1740s exceeded the magnitude and duration of observed wet periods in the late-19th and 20th Century. Comparisons between the Columbia River reconstructions and future projections of streamflow derived from global climate and hydrologic models show the potential for increased hydrologic variability, which could present challenges for managing water in the face of competing demands.
C1 [Littell, Jeremy S.; Gray, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, DOI Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Pederson, Gregory T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Tjoelker, Michael] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, FRAMES, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Hamlet, Alan F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil & Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[Woodhouse, Connie A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Littell, JS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, DOI Alaska Climate Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jlittell@usgs.gov
FU NOAA CPO SARP [NA070AR4310371]; University of Washington Climate Impacts
Group; Department of Interior Alaska Climate Science Center
FX This study was partially funded through NOAA CPO SARP (NA070AR4310371,
N. Mantua, J. Littell, and A. Hamlet). This publication was partially
funded by the University of Washington Climate Impacts Group and the
Department of Interior Alaska Climate Science Center. We thank
Contributors of the International Tree-Ring Data Bank, IGBP PAGESAVorld
Data Center for Paleoclimatology, NOAANCDC Paleoclimatology Program,
Boulder, Colorado, USA Andrew Bunn evaluated code for estimating EOF/PC
degrees of freedom. We thank Greg McCabe, Jeff Lukas, and two anonymous
reviewers for helpful comments on previous versions of the manuscript.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is fbr descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government,
NR 66
TC 0
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U1 7
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 5
BP 1121
EP 1141
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12442
PG 21
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2EL
UT WOS:000387170400009
ER
PT J
AU Tullos, DD
Collins, MJ
Bellmore, JR
Bountry, JA
Connolly, PJ
Shafroth, PB
Wilcox, AC
AF Tullos, Desiree D.
Collins, MathMathias J.
Bellmore, J. Ryan
Bountry, Jennifer A.
Connolly, Patrick J.
Shafroth, Patrick B.
Wilcox, Andrew C.
TI SYNTHESIS OF COMMON MANAGEMENT CONCERNS ASSOCIATED WITH DAM REMOVAL
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment management; headcut; aggradation; reservoir erosion; reservoir
drawdown; wells; turbidity; nonnative plants; invasive fish; dam
removal; river restoration
ID LOW-HEAD DAM; WHITE SALMON RIVER; FRESH-WATER FISH; ELWHA RIVER;
VEGETATION DEVELOPMENT; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CONDIT DAM; SEDIMENT;
CHANNEL; WASHINGTON
AB Managers make decisions regarding if and how to remove dams in spite of uncertainty surrounding physical and ecological responses, and stakeholders often raise concerns about certain negative effects, regardless of whether these concerns are warranted at a particular site. We used a dam-removal science database supplemented with other information sources to explore seven frequently raised concerns, herein Common Management Concerns (CMCs). We investigate the occurrence of these concerns and the contributing biophysical controls. The CMCs addressed are the following: degree and rate of reservoir sediment erosion, excessive channel incision upstream of reservoirs, downstream sediment aggradation, elevated downstream turbidity, drawdown impacts on local water infrastructure, colonization of reservoir sediments by nonnative plants, and expansion of invasive fish. Biophysical controls emerged for some of the concerns, providing managers with information to assess whether a given concern is likely to occur at a site. To fully assess CMC risk, managers should concurrently evaluate site conditions and identify the ecosystem or human uses that will be negatively affected if the biophysical phenomenon producing the CMC occurs. We show how many CMCs have one or more controls in common, facilitating the identification of multiple risks at a site, and demonstrate why CMC risks should be considered in the context of other factors such as natural watershed variability and disturbance history.
C1 [Tullos, Desiree D.] Oregon State Univ, Biol & Ecol Engn Dept, 116 Gilmore Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Collins, MathMathias J.] NOAA, Restorat Ctr, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Gloucester, MA 01930 USA.
[Bellmore, J. Ryan] US Forest Serv, Pacific Northwest Res Stn, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Bountry, Jennifer A.] US Bur Reclamat, Sedimentat & River Hydraul Grp, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Connolly, Patrick J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Shafroth, Patrick B.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Wilcox, Andrew C.] Univ Montana, Dept Geosci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
RP Tullos, DD (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Biol & Ecol Engn Dept, 116 Gilmore Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM desiree.tullos@oregonstate.edu
OI Wilcox, Andrew C./0000-0002-6241-8977; Collins,
Mathias/0000-0003-4238-2038
NR 138
TC 0
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U1 33
U2 33
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 5
BP 1179
EP 1206
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12450
PG 28
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2EL
UT WOS:000387170400013
ER
PT J
AU Konrad, CP
Munn, MD
AF Konrad, Christopher P.
Munn, Mark D.
TI INTEGRATING SEASONAL INFORMATION ON NUTRIENTS AND BENTHIC ALGAL BIOMASS
INTO STREAM WATER QUALITY MONITORING
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE algae; nutrients; monitoring; rivers/streams
ID GRAVEL-BED RIVERS; PERIPHYTON; ENTRAINMENT; VARIABILITY; METABOLISM;
DYNAMICS; PATTERNS
AB Benthic chlorophyll a (BChl a) and environmental factors that influence algal biomass were measured monthly from February through October in 22 streams from three agricultural regions of the United States. At-site maximum BChl a ranged from 14 to 406 mg/m(2) and generally varied with dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN): 8 out of 9 sites with at-site median DIN >0.5 mg/L had maximum BChl a >100 mg/m(2). BChl a accrued and persisted at levels within 50% of at-site maximum for only one to three months. No dominant seasonal pattern for algal biomass accrual was observed in any region. A linear model with DIN, water surface gradient, and velocity accounted for most of the cross-site variation in maximum chlorophyll a (adjusted R-2 = 0.7), but was no better than a single value of DIN = 0.5 mg/L for distinguishing between low and high-biomass sites. Studies of nutrient enrichment require multiple samples to estimate algal biomass with sufficient precision given the magnitude of temporal variability of algal biomass. An effective strategy for regional stream assessment of nutrient enrichment could be based on a relation between maximum BChl a and DIN based on repeat sampling at sites selected to represent a gradient in nutrients and application of the relation to a larger number of sites with synoptic nutrient information.
C1 [Konrad, Christopher P.; Munn, Mark D.] US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, 934 Broadway, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
RP Konrad, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Washington Water Sci Ctr, 934 Broadway, Tacoma, WA 98402 USA.
EM cpkonrad@usgs.gov
OI Konrad, Christopher/0000-0002-7354-547X
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 5
BP 1223
EP 1237
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12451
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2EL
UT WOS:000387170400015
ER
PT J
AU Choi, CY
Takekawa, JY
Prosser, DJ
Smith, LM
Ely, CR
Fox, AD
Cao, L
Wang, X
Batbayar, N
Natsagdorj, T
Xiao, XM
AF Choi, Chang-Yong
Takekawa, John Y.
Prosser, Diann J.
Smith, Lacy M.
Ely, Craig R.
Fox, Anthony D.
Cao, Lei
Wang, Xin
Batbayar, Nyambayar
Natsagdorj, Tseveenmayadag
Xiao, Xiangming
TI Chewing Lice of Swan Geese (Anser cygnoides): New Host-Parasite
Associations
SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Trinoton anserinum; Ornithobius domesticus; Anaticola anseris; chewing
louse; swan goose
ID TRINOTON-ANSERINUM; PHTHIRAPTERA; MALLOPHAGA; HEARTWORM
AB Chewing lice (Phthiraptera) that parasitize the globally threatened swan goose Anser cygnoides have been long recognized since the early 19th century, but those records were probably biased towards sampling of captive or domestic geese due to the small population size and limited distribution of its wild hosts. To better understand the lice species parasitizing swan geese that are endemic to East Asia, we collected chewing lice from 14 wild geese caught at 3 lakes in northeastern Mongolia. The lice were morphologically identified as 16 Trinoton anserinum (Fabricius, 1805), 11 Ornithobius domesticus Arnold, 2005, and 1 Anaticola anseris (Linnaeus, 1758). These species are known from other geese and swans, but all of them were new to the swan goose. This result also indicates no overlap in lice species between older records and our findings from wild birds. Thus, ectoparasites collected from domestic or captive animals may provide biased information on the occurrence, prevalence, host selection, and host-ectoparasite interactions from those on wild hosts.
C1 [Choi, Chang-Yong; Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Choi, Chang-Yong; Takekawa, John Y.; Smith, Lacy M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Prosser, Diann J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Ely, Craig R.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Fox, Anthony D.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Biosci, DK-8410 Kalo, Ronde, Denmark.
[Cao, Lei; Wang, Xin] Chinese Acad Sci, Dept Environm Biotechnol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
[Batbayar, Nyambayar] Wildlife Sci & Conservat Ctr, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongol Peo Rep.
[Natsagdorj, Tseveenmayadag] Mongolian Acad Sci, Inst Biol, Ornithol Lab, Ulaanbaatar 210351, Mongol Peo Rep.
RP Xiao, XM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Dept Microbiol & Plant Biol, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM xiangming.xiao@ou.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center; University of
Oklahoma; National Institutes of Health [1R56TW009502-01]; National
Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [1R01AI1010280-1AI]; U.S.
Geological Survey, USA [A14-0064]
FX We appreciate assistance of the staff of the Wildlife Science and
Conservation Center of Mongolia, Korea Institute of Environmental
Ecology, and Korean Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs
during the field study. This work was led by the U.S. Geological Survey
Western Ecological Research Center and University of Oklahoma, and
supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health
(1R56TW009502-01), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
(1R01AI1010280-1AI), and U.S. Geological Survey (A14-0064), USA.
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU KOREAN SOC PARASITOLOGY, SEOUL NATL UNIV COLL MEDI
PI SEOUL
PA DEPT PARASITOLOGY, SEOUL, 00000, SOUTH KOREA
SN 0023-4001
EI 1738-0006
J9 KOREAN J PARASITOL
JI Korean J. Parasitol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 5
BP 685
EP 691
DI 10.3347/kjp.2016.54.5.685
PG 7
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA EB7UO
UT WOS:000387596400018
PM 27853128
ER
PT J
AU Pengra, B
Gallant, AL
Zhu, Z
Dahal, D
AF Pengra, Bruce
Gallant, Alisa L.
Zhu, Zhe
Dahal, Devendra
TI Evaluation of the Initial Thematic Output from a Continuous
Change-Detection Algorithm for Use in Automated Operational Land-Change
Mapping by the US Geological Survey
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Continuous Change Detection and Classification; USGS Land Cover Trends;
training data; Landsat; high-resolution imagery; land cover mapping
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; CLOUD SHADOW; SNOW DETECTION; CLIMATE;
IMAGES
AB The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has begun the development of operational, 30-m resolution annual thematic land cover data to meet the needs of a variety of land cover data users. The Continuous Change Detection and Classification (CCDC) algorithm is being evaluated as the likely methodology following early trials. Data for training and testing of CCDC thematic maps have been provided by the USGS Land Cover Trends (LC Trends) project, which offers sample-based, manually classified thematic land cover data at 2755 probabilistically located sample blocks across the conterminous United States. These samples represent a high quality, well distributed source of data to train the Random Forest classifier invoked by CCDC. We evaluated the suitability of LC Trends data to train the classifier by assessing the agreement of annual land cover maps output from CCDC with output from the LC Trends project within 14 Landsat path/row locations across the conterminous United States. We used a small subset of circa 2000 data from the LC Trends project to train the classifier, reserving the remaining Trends data from 2000, and incorporating LC Trends data from 1992, to evaluate measures of agreement across time, space, and thematic classes, and to characterize disagreement. Overall agreement ranged from 75% to 98% across the path/rows, and results were largely consistent across time. Land cover types that were well represented in the training data tended to have higher rates of agreement between LC Trends and CCDC outputs. Characteristics of disagreement are being used to improve the use of LC Trends data as a continued source of training information for operational production of annual land cover maps.
C1 [Pengra, Bruce; Dahal, Devendra] SGT Inc, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Gallant, Alisa L.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhu, Zhe] Inuteq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Zhu, Zhe] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, MS 1053,Sci Bldg 125, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Pengra, B (reprint author), SGT Inc, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM bruce.pengra.ctr@usgs.gov; gallant@usgs.gov; zhezhu@usgs.gov;
devendra.dahal.ctr@usgs.gov
OI Dahal, Devendra/0000-0001-9594-1249
FU USGS Land Remote Sensing Program; USGS LandCarbon Programs under USGS
[G15PC00012, G13PC00028]
FX This work was supported with funding from the USGS Land Remote Sensing
Program and the USGS LandCarbon Programs, partially under USGS contracts
G15PC00012 (B.P. and D.D.) and G13PC00028 (Z.Z.). Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 32
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Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 10
AR 811
DI 10.3390/rs8100811
PG 33
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA EB4QI
UT WOS:000387357300025
ER
PT J
AU Chen, SL
Hu, CM
Byrne, RH
Robbins, LL
Yang, B
AF Chen, Shuangling
Hu, Chuanmin
Byrne, Robert H.
Robbins, Lisa L.
Yang, Bo
TI Remote estimation of surface pCO(2) on the West Florida Shelf
SO CONTINENTAL SHELF RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Surface pCO(2); Satellite remote sensing; MODIS; Chlorophyll; SST; Kd;
WFS
ID SEA CO2 FLUXES; CARBON-DIOXIDE; PARTIAL-PRESSURE; NEURAL-NETWORK;
IN-SITU; OCEAN ACIDIFICATION; COASTAL WATERS; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
SATELLITE-OBSERVATIONS; CARIBBEAN SEA
AB Surface pCO(2) data from the West Florida Shelf (WFS) have been collected during, 25 cruise surveys between 2003 and 2012. The data were scaled up using remote sensing measurements of surface water properties in order to provide a more nearly synoptic map of pCO(2) spatial distributions and describe their temporal variations. This investigation involved extensive tests of various model forms through parsimony and Principal Component Analysis, which led to the development of a multi-variable empirical surface pCO(2) model based on concurrent MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) estimates of surface chlorophyll a concentrations (CHL, mg m(-3)), diffuse light attenuation at 490 nm (Kd_Lee, m(-1)), and sea surface temperature (SST, degrees C). Validation using an independent dataset showed a pCO(2) Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) of < 12 mu atm and a 0.88 coefficient of determination (R-2) for measured and model-predicted pCO(2) ranging from 300 to 550 atm. The model was more sensitive to SST than to CHL and Kd_Lee, with a 1 degrees C change in SST leading to a similar to 16 mu atm change in the predicted pCO(2). Application of the model to the entire WFS MODIS time series between 2002 and 2014 showed clear seasonality, with maxima (similar to 450 mu atm) in summer and minima (similar to 350 mu atm) in winter. The seasonality was positively correlated to SST (high in summer and low in winter) and negatively correlated to CHL and Kd_Lee (high in winter and low in summer). Inter-annual variations of pCO(2) were consistent with inter-annual variations of SST, CHL, and Kd_Lee. These results suggest that surface water pCO(2) of the WFS can be estimated, with known uncertainties, from remote sensing. However, while the general approach of empirical regression may work for waters from other areas of the Gulf of Mexico, model coefficients need to be empirically determined in a similar fashion.
C1 [Chen, Shuangling; Hu, Chuanmin; Byrne, Robert H.] Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave,South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Robbins, Lisa L.] US Geol Survey, 600 4th St,South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Yang, Bo] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
RP Hu, CM (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Marine Sci, 140 7th Ave,South, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM huc@usf.edu
FU USGS [G14PD00047]; University South Florida fellowship-Gulf
Oceanographic Charitable Trust Endowed Fellowship in College of Marine
Science; U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program; NASA
[NNH13ZDA001N]; SOCAT
FX This work was supported by a USGS (G14PD00047) fellowship and a
University South Florida fellowship-Gulf Oceanographic Charitable Trust
Endowed Fellowship in College of Marine Science. We thank Dr. Xinping Hu
(Texas A & M University) for sharing one cruise data in western GOM. LLR
thanks the U.S. Geological Survey Coastal and Marine Geology Program and
NASA grant NNH13ZDA001N for funding data collection and the compilation
of GOM data which the authors then used. The pCO2 data can be
found at the Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas v3 (SOCAT), which is an
international effort, supported by the International Ocean Carbon
Coordination Project (IOCCP), the Surface Ocean Lower Atmosphere Study
(SOLAS), and the Integrated Marine Biogeochemistry and Ecosystem
Research program (IMBER), to deliver a uniformly quality-controlled
surface ocean CO2 database. The many researchers and funding
agencies responsible for the collection of data and quality control are
thanked for their contributions to SOCAT. We also thank NASA for
providing MODIS satellite data and processing software. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The efforts of two
anonymous reviewers, who provided extensive comments and suggestions to
improve the manuscript, is greatly appreciated.
NR 98
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U1 9
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0278-4343
EI 1873-6955
J9 CONT SHELF RES
JI Cont. Shelf Res.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 128
BP 10
EP 25
DI 10.1016/j.csr.2016.09.004
PG 16
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA EA9UO
UT WOS:000386990400002
ER
PT J
AU Apatu, EJI
Gregg, CE
Wood, NJ
Wang, L
AF Apatu, Emma J. I.
Gregg, Chris E.
Wood, Nathan J.
Wang, Liang
TI Household evacuation characteristics in American Samoa during the 2009
Samoa Islands tsunami
SO DISASTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE American Samoa; coastal communities; evacuation; facilitators;
household; impediments; tsunami
ID ACTION DECISION-MODEL; PREPAREDNESS; RESPONSES; DISASTER; BEHAVIOR;
TIME; RISK
AB Tsunamis represent significant threats to human life and development in coastal communities. This quantitative study examines the influence of household characteristics on evacuation actions taken by 211 respondents in American Samoa who were at their homes during the 29 September 2009 M-w 8.1 Samoa Islands earthquake and tsunami disaster. Multiple logistic regression analysis of survey data was used to examine the association between evacuation and various household factors. Findings show that increases in distance to shoreline were associated with a slightly decreased likelihood of evacuation, whereas households reporting higher income had an increased probability of evacuation. The response in American Samoa was an effective one, with only 34 fatalities in a tsunami that reached shore in as little as 15 minutes. Consequently, future research should implement more qualitative study designs to identify event and cultural specific determinants of household evacuation behaviour to local tsunamis.
C1 [Apatu, Emma J. I.] Univ North Florida, Dept Publ Hlth, Jacksonville, FL USA.
[Gregg, Chris E.] East Tennessee State Univ, Dept Geosci, Johnson City, TN USA.
[Wood, Nathan J.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wang, Liang] East Tennessee State Univ, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Johnson City, TN USA.
RP Apatu, EJI (reprint author), Univ North Florida, Dept Publ Hlth, Brooks Coll Hlth, 1 UNF Dr, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA.
EM emma.apatu@unf.edu
OI Wood, Nathan/0000-0002-6060-9729
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0361-3666
EI 1467-7717
J9 DISASTERS
JI Disasters
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 4
BP 779
EP 798
DI 10.1111/disa.12170
PG 20
WC Planning & Development
SC Public Administration
GA DW5PI
UT WOS:000383698000009
PM 26728799
ER
PT J
AU Yeck, WL
Weingarten, M
Benz, HM
McNamara, DE
Bergman, EA
Herrmann, RB
Rubinstein, JL
Earle, PS
AF Yeck, W. L.
Weingarten, M.
Benz, H. M.
McNamara, D. E.
Bergman, E. A.
Herrmann, R. B.
Rubinstein, J. L.
Earle, P. S.
TI Far-field pressurization likely caused one of the largest injection
induced earthquakes by reactivating a large preexisting basement fault
structure
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE induced seismicity; multiple-event relocations; pore pressure; regional
moment tensor; hazard
ID WASTE-WATER INJECTION; INDUCED SEISMICITY; CENTRAL OKLAHOMA;
UNITED-STATES; RATON BASIN; SEQUENCE; CHILE; DEFORMATION; CONSTRAINTS;
COLORADO
AB The M(w)5.1 Fairview, Oklahoma, earthquake on 13 February 2016 and its associated seismicity produced the largest moment release in the central and eastern United States since the 2011 M(w)5.7 Prague, Oklahoma, earthquake sequence and is one of the largest earthquakes potentially linked to wastewater injection. This energetic sequence has produced five earthquakes with M(w)4.4 or larger. Almost all of these earthquakes occur in Precambrian basement on a partially unmapped 14km long fault. Regional injection into the Arbuckle Group increased approximately sevenfold in the 36months prior to the start of the sequence (January 2015). We suggest far-field pressurization from clustered, high-rate wells greater than 12km from this sequence induced these earthquakes. As compared to the Fairview sequence, seismicity is diffuse near high-rate wells, where pressure changes are expected to be largest. This points to the critical role that preexisting faults play in the occurrence of large induced earthquakes.
C1 [Yeck, W. L.; Benz, H. M.; McNamara, D. E.; Earle, P. S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Weingarten, M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Bergman, E. A.] Global Seismol Serv, Golden, CO USA.
[Herrmann, R. B.] St Louis Univ, Dept Earth & Atmospher Sci, St Louis, MO 63103 USA.
[Rubinstein, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Yeck, WL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Earthquake Informat Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM wyeck@usgs.gov
OI Yeck, William/0000-0002-2801-8873; Rubinstein,
Justin/0000-0003-1274-6785
FU USGS National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program; Stanford Center for
Induced and Triggered Seismicity
FX We thank the seismic analysts at the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
National Earthquake Information Center for their work documenting this
sequence. Thank you to the USGS Albuquerque Seismological Laboratory for
their rapid deployment of instrumentation in the Fairview region. Thanks
to Austin Holland, George Choy, Cliff Frohlich, and an anonymous
reviewer for their insightful reviews of this manuscript. We thank Rob
Skoumal for providing data on hydraulic fracture stimulation he compiled
from FracFocus in the Fairview region for 2015-2016. This research was
supported by the USGS National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program.
M.W. was supported by the Stanford Center for Induced and Triggered
Seismicity. All waveform data used in this study are available at the
IRIS DMC. Details on the deployed seismic network [Albuquerque
Seismological Laboratory (ASL/USGS), 1980] surrounding the Fairview
Sequence can be found at http://www.fdsn.org/networks/detail/GS/.
Details of USGS products regarding the 13 February M 5.1 Fairview
earthquake, including magnitude estimations, Did You Feel It reports,
shakemaps, and moment tensor solutions, can be found at
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/us20004zy8# general
(last accessed 21 May 2016). When applicable, similar data products can
be found for all earthquakes reported by the NEIC, whose comprehensive
catalog can be accessed at
http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/search/ (last accessed 1 June
2016). The Oklahoma Geological Survey earthquake catalog can be found at
http://www.ou.edu/content/ogs/research/earthquakes/catalogs.html (last
accessed (8 September 2016). Details on regional moment tensor solutions
can be found at NEIC earthquake event pages and at http://
www.eas.slu.edu/eqc/eqc_mt/MECH.NA/ (last accessed 22 June 2016). The
Oklahoma Corporation Commission's wastewater injection volume reduction
plans following the 7 January Fairview seismicity can be found at
http://www.occeweb.com/News/01-1316ADVISORY.pdf (last accessed 14 June
2016). Details on wells drilled to basement in Oklahoma are provided by
the OGS at http://ogs.ou.edu/docs/specialpublications/SP2006-1T1.xls
(last accessed 22 June 2016). Information on "Did you Feel It?" data
product can be found at "http://earthquake.usgs.gov/data/dyfi/ (last
accessed 19 July 2016). Figures 1 and S5 use Ersi World Topographic Map
for a base map (sources: Esri, HERE, DeLorme, Intermap, INCREMENT P,
GEBCO, USGS, FAO, NPS, NRCAN, GeoBase, IGN, Kadaster NL, Ordnance
Survey, Esri Japan, METI, Esri China (Hong Kong), swisstopo, MapmyIndia,
(c) OpenStreetMap contributors, and GIS User Community). Other maps
produced using GMT 5 software [Wessel et al., 2013]. Hydraulic
fracturing data are available (http://fracfocus.org/). Digital elevation
model data shown in Figure 3 are available from the USGS. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 19
BP 10198
EP 10207
DI 10.1002/2016GL070861
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EA9CW
UT WOS:000386939800051
ER
PT J
AU Archfield, SA
Hirsch, RM
Viglione, A
Bloschl, G
AF Archfield, S. A.
Hirsch, R. M.
Viglione, A.
Bloeschl, G.
TI Fragmented patterns of flood change across the United States
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE floods; trends; climate
ID TRENDS; FREQUENCY; MAGNITUDE; EUROPE
AB Trends in the peak magnitude, frequency, duration, and volume of frequent floods (floods occurring at an average of two events per year relative to a base period) across the United States show large changes; however, few trends are found to be statistically significant. The multidimensional behavior of flood change across the United States can be described by four distinct groups, with streamgages experiencing (1) minimal change, (2) increasing frequency, (3) decreasing frequency, or (4) increases in all flood properties. Yet group membership shows only weak geographic cohesion. Lack of geographic cohesion is further demonstrated by weak correlations between the temporal patterns of flood change and large-scale climate indices. These findings reveal a complex, fragmented pattern of flood change that, therefore, clouds the ability to make meaningful generalizations about flood change across the United States.
C1 [Archfield, S. A.; Hirsch, R. M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Viglione, A.; Bloeschl, G.] TU Wien, Ctr Water Resource Syst, Vienna, Austria.
[Viglione, A.; Bloeschl, G.] TU Wien, Inst Hydraul Engn & Water Resources Management, Vienna, Austria.
RP Archfield, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM sarch@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of the Interior WaterSMART Program; U.S. Geological
Survey National Research Program; European Research Council, FloodChange
project (ERC) [291152]
FX Financial support has been provided by the U.S. Department of the
Interior WaterSMART Program, the U.S. Geological Survey National
Research Program and also partly provided by the European Research
Council, FloodChange project (ERC Advanced grant 291152). The authors
declare no competing financial interests. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. Information about potential
streamgages to use in the study was obtained from Falcone et al. [2010]
and available at
http://water.usgs.gov/GIS/metadata/usgswrd/XML/gagesII_Sept2011.xml.
Streamflow data were obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey National
Water Information System available at 10.5066/F7P55KJN. Climate index
data were downloaded from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration Earth System Research Laboratory at
http://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/data/climatein-dices/list/.
NR 23
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 19
BP 10232
EP 10239
DI 10.1002/2016GL070590
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EA9CW
UT WOS:000386939800023
PM 27917010
ER
PT J
AU Nicolsky, DJ
Freymueller, JT
Witter, RC
Suleimani, EN
Koehler, RD
AF Nicolsky, D. J.
Freymueller, J. T.
Witter, R. C.
Suleimani, E. N.
Koehler, R. D.
TI Evidence for shallow megathrust slip across the Unalaska seismic gap
during the great 1957 Andreanof Islands earthquake, eastern Aleutian
Islands, Alaska
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE tsunami; 1957 earthquake; coseismic slip
ID SURFACE DEFORMATION; AFTERSHOCK ZONES; TSUNAMIS; RELEASE; RUPTURE;
CYCLES
AB We reassess the slip distribution of the 1957 Andreanof Islands earthquake in the eastern part of the aftershock zone where published slip models infer little or no slip. Eyewitness reports, tide gauge data, and geological evidence for 9-23m tsunami runups imply seafloor deformation offshore Unalaska Island in 1957, in contrast with previous studies that labeled the area a seismic gap. Here we simulate tsunami dynamics for a suite of deformation models that vary in depth and amount of megathrust slip. Tsunami simulations show that a shallow (5-15km deep) rupture with similar to 20m of slip most closely reproduces the 1957 Dutch Harbor marigram and nearby >18m runup at Sedanka Island marked by stranded drift logs. Slip models >20 km deep predict waves that arrive too soon. Our results imply that shallow slip on the megathrust in 1957 extended east into an area that presently creeps.
C1 [Nicolsky, D. J.; Freymueller, J. T.; Suleimani, E. N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Witter, R. C.] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Koehler, R. D.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Bur Mines & Geol, Mackay Sch Earth Sci & Engn, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Nicolsky, DJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM djnicolsky@alaska.edu
FU High Performance Computing (HPC) resources from Arctic Region
Supercomputing Center (ARSC) at the University of Alaska Fairbanks; USGS
[G13 AP00026]
FX We would like to thank Paula Dunbar (NCEI/NOAA) and Kelly Stroker (NCEI/
NOAA) for their help with locating the marigrams of the 1957 tsunami and
George Mungov (NCEI/NOAA) for his help with estimating the tidal
component during the 1957 tsunami in Dutch Harbor. E. Thoms and S-P. La
Selle (USGS) produced the digital elevation model used for Stardust Bay.
We are thankful to R. Briggs, A. Nelson, an anonymous reviewer, and the
Editor for constructive comments that improved the papers clarity,
organization, and impact. Numerical calculations for this work were
supported by a grant of High Performance Computing (HPC) resources from
the Arctic Region Supercomputing Center (ARSC) at the University of
Alaska Fairbanks. This research was funded by the USGS award G13
AP00026. The data used are listed in the references, tables, and
supplements.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 19
BP 10328
EP 10337
DI 10.1002/2016GL070704
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EA9CW
UT WOS:000386939800008
ER
PT J
AU Clement, MJ
Hines, JE
Nichols, JD
Pardieck, KL
Ziolkowski, DJ
AF Clement, Matthew J.
Hines, James E.
Nichols, James D.
Pardieck, Keith L.
Ziolkowski, David J., Jr.
TI Estimating indices of range shifts in birds using dynamic models when
detection is imperfect
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE breeding bird survey; climate change; ecological forecasts; Louisiana
Waterthrush; occupancy models; Parkesia motacilla; population dynamics;
species distribution models
ID NORTH-AMERICAN BIRDS; HETEROGENEOUS DETECTION PROBABILITIES; ESTIMATING
SITE OCCUPANCY; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE MODELS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SPECIES
DISTRIBUTION; GEOGRAPHIC RANGE; LOCAL EXTINCTION; POLEWARD SHIFTS;
HABITAT MODELS
AB There is intense interest in basic and applied ecology about the effect of global change on current and future species distributions. Projections based on widely used static modeling methods implicitly assume that species are in equilibrium with the environment and that detection during surveys is perfect. We used multiseason correlated detection occupancy models, which avoid these assumptions, to relate climate data to distributional shifts of Louisiana Waterthrush in the North American Breeding Bird Survey ( BBS) data. We summarized these shifts with indices of range size and position and compared them to the same indices obtained using more basic modeling approaches. Detection rates during point counts in BBS surveys were low, and models that ignored imperfect detection severely underestimated the proportion of area occupied and slightly overestimated mean latitude. Static models indicated Louisiana Waterthrush distribution was most closely associated with moderate temperatures, while dynamic occupancy models indicated that initial occupancy was associated with diurnal temperature ranges and colonization of sites was associated with moderate precipitation. Overall, the proportion of area occupied and mean latitude changed little during the 1997-2013 study period. Near-term forecasts of species distribution generated by dynamic models were more similar to subsequently observed distributions than forecasts from static models. Occupancy models incorporating a finite mixture model on detection - a new extension to correlated detection occupancy models - were better supported and may reduce bias associated with detection heterogeneity. We argue that replacing phenomenological static models with more mechanistic dynamic models can improve projections of future species distributions. In turn, better projections can improve biodiversity forecasts, management decisions, and understanding of global change biology.
C1 [Clement, Matthew J.; Hines, James E.; Nichols, James D.; Pardieck, Keith L.; Ziolkowski, David J., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20770 USA.
RP Clement, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20770 USA.
EM mclement@gmail.com
OI Ziolkowski Jr., David/0000-0002-2500-4417
FU BBS; USGS Northeast Climate Science Center
FX We thank the thousands of highly skilled volunteers who have coordinated
and performed the North American Breeding Bird Survey for half a
century. We also thank the Climate Research Unit at the University of
East Anglia for making valuable climate data easily accessible. John
Sauer and three anonymous reviewers provided constructive comments. MJC
was financially supported by the BBS and the USGS Northeast Climate
Science Center. The contents of this document are the responsibility of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the USGS. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 63
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 10
BP 3273
EP 3285
DI 10.1111/gcb.13283
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EA5RQ
UT WOS:000386680600005
PM 26990459
ER
PT J
AU Moisen, GG
Meyer, MC
Schroeder, TA
Liao, XY
Schleeweis, KG
Freeman, EA
Toney, C
AF Moisen, Gretchen G.
Meyer, Mary C.
Schroeder, Todd A.
Liao, Xiyue
Schleeweis, Karen G.
Freeman, Elizabeth A.
Toney, Chris
TI Shape selection in Landsat time series: a tool for monitoring forest
dynamics
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE attribution; canopy change activities; change agents; forest
disturbance; landcover change; R package; regression splines; tree
canopy cover
ID CONSTRAINED REGRESSION; DISTURBANCE HISTORY; DETECTING TRENDS; COVER;
IMAGERY
AB We present a new methodology for fitting nonparametric shape-restricted regression splines to time series of Landsat imagery for the purpose of modeling, mapping, and monitoring annual forest disturbance dynamics over nearly three decades. For each pixel and spectral band or index of choice in temporal Landsat data, our method delivers a smoothed rendition of the trajectory constrained to behave in an ecologically sensible manner, reflecting one of seven possible 'shapes'. It also provides parameters summarizing the patterns of each change including year of onset, duration, magnitude, and pre- and postchange rates of growth or recovery. Through a case study featuring fire, harvest, and bark beetle outbreak, we illustrate how resultant fitted values and parameters can be fed into empirical models to map disturbance causal agent and tree canopy cover changes coincident with disturbance events through time. We provide our code in the R package ShapeSelectForest on the Comprehensive R Archival Network and describe our computational approaches for running the method over large geographic areas. We also discuss how this methodology is currently being used for forest disturbance and attribute mapping across the conterminous United States.
C1 [Moisen, Gretchen G.; Schroeder, Todd A.; Schleeweis, Karen G.; Freeman, Elizabeth A.; Toney, Chris] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA.
[Meyer, Mary C.; Liao, Xiyue] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, 212 Stat Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Schroeder, Todd A.] US Geol Survey, ASRC Fed InuTeq, Earth Resources Observat & Sci Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Moisen, GG (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, 507 25th St, Ogden, UT 84401 USA.
EM gmoisen@fs.fed.us
FU NASA's Carbon Cycle and Applied Science programs [NNX11AJ78G,
NNH14AY63I]; US Forest Service, FIA Program
FX The authors would like to thank NASA's Carbon Cycle and Applied Science
programs (grant numbers NNX11AJ78G and NNH14AY63I) as well as the very
talented scientists and staff at NASA's Earth Exchange, University of
Maryland, and the US Forest Service, FIA Program. Thanks also go out to
the members of the LCMS team for their efforts pushing change mapping
forward in the US. In addition, we are grateful to the anonymous
reviewers whose thoughtful comments helped in our revisions.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 10
BP 3518
EP 3528
DI 10.1111/gcb.13358
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EA5RQ
UT WOS:000386680600023
PM 27185612
ER
PT J
AU Sibley, SD
Finley, MA
Baker, BB
Puzach, C
Armien, AG
Giehtbrock, D
Goldberg, TL
AF Sibley, Samuel D.
Finley, Megan A.
Baker, Bridget B.
Puzach, Corey
Armien, Anibal G.
Giehtbrock, David
Goldberg, Tony L.
TI Novel reovirus associated with epidemic mortality in wild largemouth
bass (Micropterus salmoides)
SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WHOLE-GENOME ANALYSIS; PISCINE REOVIRUS; ATLANTIC SALMON; PRV;
ALIGNMENT; DISEASE
AB Reoviruses (family Reoviridae) infect vertebrate and invertebrate hosts with clinical effects ranging from inapparent to lethal. Here, we describe the discovery and characterization of Largemouth bass reovirus (LMBRV), found during investigation of a mortality event in wild largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) in 2015 in WI, USA. LMBRV has spherical virions of approximately 80 nm diameter containing 10 segments of linear dsRNA, aligning it with members of the genus Orthoreovirus, which infect mammals and birds, rather than members of the genus Aquareovirus, which contain 11 segments and infect teleost fishes. LMBRV is only between 24% and 68% similar at the amino acid level to its closest relative, Piscine reovirus (PRV), the putative cause of heart and skeletal muscle inflammation of farmed salmon. LMBRV expands the known diversity and host range of its lineage, which suggests that an undiscovered diversity of related pathogenic reoviruses may exist in wild fishes.
C1 [Sibley, Samuel D.; Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Finley, Megan A.; Baker, Bridget B.; Giehtbrock, David] Wisconsin Dept Nat Resources, Bur Fisheries Management, Madison, WI USA.
[Puzach, Corey] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, La Crosse Fish Hlth Ctr, Onalaska, WI USA.
[Armien, Anibal G.] Univ Minnesota, Coll Vet Med, Minnesota Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Global Hlth Inst, Madison, WI USA.
RP Goldberg, TL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Goldberg, TL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Global Hlth Inst, Madison, WI USA.
EM tony.goldberg@wisc.edu
FU Sport Fish Restoration grant program through Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources; University of Wisconsin-Madison Vilas Trust
FX We are grateful to the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Bureau
of Fisheries Management for its role in field and laboratory
investigations, and specifically to Gregory Matzke and Whitney Thiel. We
are also grateful to Jennifer Bailey and Sara Erickson from the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service, La Crosse Fish Health Center for
assistance with virus isolation; Dean Muldoon from the Minnesota
Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for assistance with electron microscopy
and Hui Min Hsu from the Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory for
bacterial identification. This research was supported by the Sport Fish
Restoration grant program through Wisconsin Department of Natural
Resources and by the University of Wisconsin-Madison Vilas Trust.
NR 27
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU MICROBIOLOGY SOC
PI LONDON
PA CHARLES DARWIN HOUSE, 12 ROGER ST, LONDON WC1N 2JU, ERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1317
EI 1465-2099
J9 J GEN VIROL
JI J. Gen. Virol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 97
BP 2482
EP 2487
DI 10.1099/jgv.0.000568
PN 10
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology
GA EA8GA
UT WOS:000386872100002
PM 27488948
ER
PT J
AU Nadeau, CP
Fuller, AK
AF Nadeau, Christopher P.
Fuller, Angela K.
TI Combining landscape variables and species traits can improve the utility
of climate change vulnerability assessments
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change adaptation; Climate change exposure; Climate change
velocity; Dispersal ability; Landscape connectivity; Northeastern United
States
ID BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; ADAPTATION STRATEGIES; DISTRIBUTION MODELS;
EXTINCTION RISK; GLOBAL CHANGE; LIFE-HISTORY; PREDICT; MANAGEMENT;
BIRDS; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB Conservation organizations worldwide are investing in climate change vulnerability assessments. Most vulnerability assessment methods focus on either landscape features or species traits that can affect a species vulnerability to climate change. However, landscape features and species traits likely interact to affect vulnerability. We compare a landscape-based assessment, a trait-based assessment, and an assessment that combines landscape variables and species traits for 113 species of birds, herpetofauna, and mammals in the northeastern United States. Our aim is to better understand which species traits and landscape variables have the largest influence on assessment results and which types of vulnerability assessments are most useful for different objectives. Species traits were most important for determining which species will be most vulnerable to climate change. The sensitivity of species to dispersal barriers and the species average natal dispersal distance were the most important traits. Landscape features were most important for determining where species will be most vulnerable because species were most vulnerable in areas where multiple landscape features combined to increase vulnerability, regardless of species traits. The interaction between landscape variables and species traits was important when determining how to reduce climate change vulnerability. For example, an assessment that combines information on landscape connectivity, climate change velocity, and natal dispersal distance suggests that increasing landscape connectivity may not reduce the vulnerability of many species. Assessments that include landscape features and species traits will likely be most useful in guiding conservation under climate change. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Nadeau, Christopher P.] Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Fuller, Angela K.] Cornell Univ, US Geol Survey, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Nadeau, CP (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Nat Resources, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 211 Fernow Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
EM christopher.nadeau@uconn.edu
FU New York State Department of Environmental Conservation [T-18]
FX The New York State Department of Environmental Conservation provided
funding for this research through New York State Wildlife Grants program
grant T-18 awarded to New York by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Wildlife and Sport Fish Restoration Program. Dan Rosenblatt, Patty
Riexinger, and Gordon Batcheller provided useful guidance and feedback.
Pat Sullivan at Cornell University also provided useful guidance.
Kimberly Corwin provided lists of species experts. We obtained climate
data from Arthur DeGaetano at the Northeast Regional Climate Science
Center. Forty-three experts from state and federal agencies, non-profit
natural resource agencies, and universities in the northeastern United
States provided expert knowledge that made this study possible. Any use
of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 0
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U1 17
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 202
BP 30
EP 38
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.030
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EA0ZP
UT WOS:000386318400004
ER
PT J
AU Mueller, ER
Smith, ME
Pitlick, J
AF Mueller, Erich R.
Smith, M. Elliot
Pitlick, John
TI Lithology-controlled evolution of stream bed sediment and basin-scale
sediment yields in adjacent mountain watersheds, Idaho, USA
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE sediment transport; lithology; abrasion; channel networks; geomorphology
ID SELECTIVE TRANSPORT; CHANNEL MORPHOLOGY; GRAIN-SIZE; GRAVEL; RIVER;
ABRASION; NETWORK; LOAD; SIMULATION; CALIFORNIA
AB The composition, grain-size, and flux of stream sediment evolve downstream in response to variations in basin-scale sediment delivery, channel network structure, and diminution during transport. Here, we document downstream changes in lithology and grain size within two adjacent similar to 300km(2) catchments in the northern Rocky Mountains, USA, which drain differing mixtures of soft and resistant rock types, and where measured sediment yields differ two-fold. We use a simple erosion-abrasion mass balance model to predict the downstream evolution of sediment flux and composition using a Monte Carlo approach constrained by measured sediment flux. Results show that the downstream evolution of the bed sediment composition is predictably related to changes in underlying geology, influencing the proportion of sediment carried as bedload or suspended load. In the Big Wood basin, particle abrasion reduces the proportion of fine-grained sedimentary and volcanic rocks, depressing bedload in favor of suspended load. Reduced bedload transport leads to stronger bed armoring, and coarse granitic rocks are concentrated in the stream bed. By contrast, in the North Fork Big Lost basin, bedload yields are three times higher, the stream bed is less armored, and bed sediment becomes dominated by durable quartzitic sandstones. For both basins, the geology-based mass balance model can reproduce within similar to 5% root-mean-square error the composition of the bed substrate using realistic erosion and abrasion parameters. As bed sediment evolves downstream, bedload fluxes increase and decrease as a function of the abrasion parameter and the frequency and size of tributary junctions, while suspended load increases steadily. Variable erosion and abrasion rates produce conditions of variable bed-material transport rates that are sensitive to the distribution of lithologies and channel network structure, and, provided sufficient diversity in bedrock geology, measurements of bed sediment composition allow for an assessment of sediment source areas and yield using a simple modeling approach. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Mueller, Erich R.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand CanyonMonitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Smith, M. Elliot] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Pitlick, John] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Mueller, ER (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand CanyonMonitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM emueller@usgs.gov
OI Mueller, Erich/0000-0001-8202-154X
FU Geological Society of America; University of Colorado Beverly Sears
FX We thank Sawtooth National Forest and Salmon-Challis National Forest for
access, Jason Hoefer for petrographic analyses, and John Schrader and
Wade Grewe for field assistance. Geological Society of America and
University of Colorado Beverly Sears research grants provided funding.
Robert Anderson, Mikael Attal, Elizabeth Cassel, and Joel Johnson
provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. We
thank Jim O'Connor and John Gartner for very constructive reviews. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 56
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U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
EI 1096-9837
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 13
BP 1869
EP 1883
DI 10.1002/esp.3955
PG 15
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DZ7EH
UT WOS:000386027000005
ER
PT J
AU Manlove, K
Cassirer, EF
Cross, PC
Plowright, RK
Hudson, PJ
AF Manlove, Kezia
Cassirer, E. Frances
Cross, Paul C.
Plowright, Raina K.
Hudson, Peter J.
TI Disease introduction is associated with a phase transition in bighorn
sheep demographics
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bighorn sheep; childhood disease; integrated population model; pathogen
persistence; population projection matrix; vital rates; disease-induced
mortality; wildlife disease; demographic trends
ID CHRONIC WASTING DISEASE; INDUCED EXTINCTION; POPULATION-CYCLES; AFRICAN
BUFFALO; DISTEMPER VIRUS; DYNAMICS; SURVIVAL; PNEUMONIA; PERSISTENCE;
THRESHOLDS
AB Ecological theory suggests that pathogens are capable of regulating or limiting host population dynamics, and this relationship has been empirically established in several settings. However, although studies of childhood diseases were integral to the development of disease ecology, few studies show population limitation by a disease affecting juveniles. Here, we present empirical evidence that disease in lambs constrains population growth in bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis) based on 45years of population-level and 18years of individual-level monitoring across 12 populations. While populations generally increased (=1.11) prior to disease introduction, most of these same populations experienced an abrupt change in trajectory at the time of disease invasion, usually followed by stagnant-to-declining growth rates (=0.98) over the next 20 years. Disease-induced juvenile mortality imposed strong constraints on population growth that were not observed prior to disease introduction, even as adult survival returned to pre-invasion levels. Simulations suggested that models including persistent disease-induced mortality in juveniles qualitatively matched observed population trajectories, whereas models that only incorporated all-age disease events did not. We use these results to argue that pathogen persistence may pose a lasting, but under-recognized, threat to host populations, particularly in cases where clinical disease manifests primarily in juveniles.
C1 [Manlove, Kezia; Hudson, Peter J.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, 208 Mueller Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Cassirer, E. Frances] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 3316 16th St, Lewiston, ID 83501 USA.
[Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Plowright, Raina K.] Montana State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 109 Lewis Hall, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Manlove, K (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, 208 Mueller Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
EM kezia.manlove@gmail.com
OI Manlove, Kezia/0000-0002-7200-5236
FU Morris Animal Foundation [D13ZO-081]; Penn State Academic Computing
Fellowship; RAPIDD Program; National Institutes of Health IDeA Program
[P20GM103474, P30GM110732]; Montana University System Research
Initiative [51040-MUSRI2015-03]
FX This research was supported by Morris Animal Foundation grant D13ZO-081.
K. R. Manlove was supported through a Penn State Academic Computing
Fellowship. The RAPIDD Program provided support to P. J. Hudson. R. K.
Plowright was supported by National Institutes of Health IDeA Program
grants P20GM103474 and P30GM110732, P. Thye, and Montana University
System Research Initiative: 51040-MUSRI2015-03. Data were collected
under the Hells Canyon Initiative with support from the wildlife
agencies of Idaho, Oregon, and Washington, Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration, U.S. Forest Service, Bureau of Land Management, the Wild
Sheep Foundation National, Idaho, Oregon, and Washington chapters,
Oregon Hunters Association, and Shikar-Safari Club International. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 41
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U1 12
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 10
BP 2593
EP 2602
DI 10.1002/ecy.1520
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DZ7ZQ
UT WOS:000386088000008
PM 27859120
ER
PT J
AU Das, AJ
Stephenson, NL
Davis, KP
AF Das, Adrian J.
Stephenson, Nathan L.
Davis, Kristin P.
TI Why do trees die? Characterizing the drivers of background tree
mortality
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bark beetles; biotic interactions; competition; suppression; tree
mortality; tree mortality factors; tree pathogens
ID OLD-GROWTH FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; LATITUDINAL GRADIENT; GAP MODELS;
LONG-TERM; RATES; CONSEQUENCES; PATHOGENS; PRODUCTIVITY; FENNOSCANDIA
AB The drivers of background tree mortality ratesthe typical low rates of tree mortality found in forests in the absence of acute stresses like droughtare central to our understanding of forest dynamics, the effects of ongoing environmental changes on forests, and the causes and consequences of geographical gradients in the nature and strength of biotic interactions. To shed light on factors contributing to background tree mortality, we analyzed detailed pathological data from 200,668 tree-years of observation and 3,729 individual tree deaths, recorded over a 13-yr period in a network of old-growth forest plots in California's Sierra Nevada mountain range. We found that: (1) Biotic mortality factors (mostly insects and pathogens) dominated (58%), particularly in larger trees (86%). Bark beetles were the most prevalent (40%), even though there were no outbreaks during the study period; in contrast, the contribution of defoliators was negligible. (2) Relative occurrences of broad classes of mortality factors (biotic, 58%; suppression, 51%; and mechanical, 25%) are similar among tree taxa, but may vary with tree size and growth rate. (3) We found little evidence of distinct groups of mortality factors that predictably occur together on trees. Our results have at least three sets of implications. First, rather than being driven by abiotic factors such as lightning or windstorms, the ambient or random background mortality that many forest models presume to be independent of tree growth rate is instead dominated by biotic agents of tree mortality, with potentially critical implications for forecasting future mortality. Mechanistic models of background mortality, even for healthy, rapidly growing trees, must therefore include the insects and pathogens that kill trees. Second, the biotic agents of tree mortality, instead of occurring in a few predictable combinations, may generally act opportunistically and with a relatively large degree of independence from one another. Finally, beyond the current emphasis on folivory and leaf defenses, studies of broad-scale gradients in the nature and strength of biotic interactions should also include biotic attacks on, and defenses of, tree stems and roots.
C1 [Das, Adrian J.; Stephenson, Nathan L.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA.
[Davis, Kristin P.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Das, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Three Rivers, CA 93271 USA.
EM adas@usgs.gov
FU U.S. National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); USGS's
Ecosystems and Climate and Land Use Change mission areas
FX We thank the many people involved in establishing and maintaining the
permanent forest plots, and Sequoia and Yosemite National Parks for
their invaluable cooperation and assistance. The forest plot network was
funded through various awards through the U.S. National Park Service and
U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); data analyses were funded by USGS's
Ecosystems and Climate and Land Use Change mission areas. This work is a
contribution of the Western Mountain Initiative, a USGS global change
research project. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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U1 29
U2 29
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 10
BP 2616
EP 2627
DI 10.1002/ecy.1497
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DZ7ZQ
UT WOS:000386088000010
PM 27859135
ER
PT J
AU Reinhold, AM
Bramblett, RG
Zale, AV
Roberts, DW
Poole, GC
AF Reinhold, Ann Marie
Bramblett, Robert G.
Zale, Alexander V.
Roberts, David W.
Poole, Geoffrey C.
TI Comparative use of side and main channels by small-bodied fish in a
large, unimpounded river
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE fish; floodplain; river; side channel; Yellowstone River
ID UPPER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; ENVIRONMENTAL GRADIENTS; DOWNSTREAM
DISPLACEMENT; FLOODPLAIN CONNECTIVITY; COLORADO RIVER; MISSOURI RIVER;
STREAM FISHES; LARVAL FISH; HABITAT USE; BACKWATER
AB 1. Ecological theory and field studies suggest that lateral floodplain connectivity and habitat heterogeneity provided by side channels impart favourable habitat conditions for lotic fishes, especially fluvial fishes dependent on large patches of shallow, slow velocity habitats for some portion of their life cycle. However, anthropogenic modification of large, temperate floodplain rivers has led to extensive channel simplification and side-channel loss. Highly modified rivers consist of simplified channels in contracted, less dynamic floodplains.
2. Most research examining the seasonal importance of side channels for fish assemblages in large rivers has been carried out in heavily modified rivers, where side-channel extents are substantially reduced from pre-settlement times, and has often overlooked small-bodied fishes. Inferences about the ecological importance of side channels for small-bodied fishes in large rivers can be ascertained only from investigations of large rivers with largely intact floodplains. The Yellowstone River, our study area, is a rare example of one such river.
3. We targeted small-bodied fishes and compared their habitat use in side and main channels in two geomorphically distinct types of river bends during early and late snowmelt runoff, and autumn base flow. Species compositions of side and main channels differed throughout hydroperiods concurrent with the seasonal redistribution of the availability of shallow, slow current-velocity habitats. More species of fish used side channels than main channels during runoff. Additionally, catch rates of small fishes were generally greater in side channels than in main channels and quantitative assemblage compositions differed between channel types during runoff, but not during base flow. Presence of and access to diverse habitats facilitated the development and persistence of diverse fish assemblages in our study area.
4. Physical dissimilarities between side and main channels may have differentially structured the side-and main-channel fish assemblages during runoff. Patches of shallow, slow current-velocity (SSCV) habitats in side channels were larger and had slightly slower water velocities than SSCV habitat patches in main channels during runoff, but not during base flow.
5. Our findings establish a baseline importance of side channels to riverine fishes in a large, temperate river without heavy anthropogenic modification. Establishing this baseline contributes to basic fluvial ecology and provides empirical justification for restoration efforts that reconnect large rivers with their floodplains.
C1 [Reinhold, Ann Marie; Bramblett, Robert G.; Zale, Alexander V.; Roberts, David W.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Reinhold, Ann Marie; Poole, Geoffrey C.] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Reinhold, Ann Marie; Poole, Geoffrey C.] Montana State Univ, Montana Inst Ecosyst, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Zale, Alexander V.] US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Fishery Res Unit, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Reinhold, AM (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, POB 173460, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
EM annmarie.reinhold@montana.edu
OI Poole, Geoffrey/0000-0002-8458-0203
FU United States Army Corps of Engineers Military Interdepartmental
Purchase Requisition [MIPR-59XQG72647975, MIPR-W59XQG6913]; National
Science Foundation EPSCoR [EPS-1101342]; Montana State University
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee [88-03]; U.S. Geological
Survey, Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks, Montana State University; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service
FX This material is based upon work supported by a United States Army Corps
of Engineers Military Interdepartmental Purchase Requisition
(MIPR-59XQG72647975 and MIPR-W59XQG6913) and in part by the National
Science Foundation EPSCoR Cooperative Agreement #EPS-1101342. Any
opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this
material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the
views of the USACE or the National Science Foundation. We thank the
Yellowstone River Technical Advisory Committee and the Yellowstone River
Conservation District Council for making much of this work possible. We
thank Karin Boyd, Tony Thatcher and Matt Jaeger for their seminal work
on the Yellowstone River and for their continual collaboration. We thank
the staffs of Regions 5 and 7 Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks for their
guidance and assistance. We thank Rosa McIver, Chris Naus, Drew Pearson,
Dave Ritter, Elliot Johnson, Caleb Mitchell, Nate Laulainen, Nick
Rubino, and Michael Moore for many long days of fieldwork. We thank
George Jordan, John Powell, Mike Duncan, Warren Kellogg, Stan Proboszcz,
Chris Guy, and Bret Olson for their thoughtful feedback as this project
developed. We thank Lynn DiGennaro for her tremendous administrative and
logistical support. We thank Zack Bowen and two anonymous reviewers for
their constructive reviews of this manuscript. All work was conducted
under applicable state permits and under the auspices of the Montana
State University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Protocol
#88-03). The Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit is jointly
sponsored by the U.S. Geological Survey, Montana Fish, Wildlife & Parks,
Montana State University, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 77
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U1 11
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 10
BP 1611
EP 1626
DI 10.1111/fwb.12796
PG 16
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DZ7CJ
UT WOS:000386021300001
ER
PT J
AU Pandolfo, TJ
Kwak, TJ
Cope, WG
Heise, RJ
Nichols, RB
Pacifici, K
AF Pandolfo, Tamara J.
Kwak, Thomas J.
Cope, W. Gregory
Heise, Ryan J.
Nichols, Robert B.
Pacifici, Krishna
TI Species traits and catchment-scale habitat factors influence the
occurrence of freshwater mussel populations and assemblages
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian hierarchical modelling; imperfect detection; rare species;
species richness; unionid
ID LOWER FLINT RIVER; UNIONID MUSSELS; MICROHABITAT USE; LOWLAND RIVER;
LAND-USE; OCCUPANCY; RICHNESS; BIVALVIA; BIODIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES
AB 1. Conservation of freshwater unionid mussels presents unique challenges due to their distinctive life cycle, cryptic occurrence and imperilled status. Relevant ecological information is urgently needed to guide their management and conservation.
2. We adopted a modelling approach, which is a novel application to freshwater mussels to enhance inference on rare species, by borrowing data among species in a hierarchical framework to conduct the most comprehensive occurrence analysis for freshwater mussels to date. We incorporated imperfect detection to more accurately examine effects of biotic and abiotic factors at multiple scales on the occurrence of 14 mussel species and the entire assemblage of the Tar River Basin of North Carolina, U.S.A.
3. The single assemblage estimate of detection probability for all species was 0.42 (95% CI, 0.36-0.47) with no species-or site-specific detection effects identified. We empirically observed 15 mussel species in the basin but estimated total species richness at 21 (95% CI, 16-24) when accounting for imperfect detection.
4. Mean occurrence probability among species ranged from 0.04 (95% CI, 0.01-0.16) for Alasmidonta undulata, an undescribed Lampsilis sp., and Strophitus undulatus to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.42-0.86) for Elliptio icterina. Median occurrence probability among sites was <0.30 for all species with the exception of E. icterina. Site occurrence probability generally related to mussel conservation status, with reduced occurrence for endangered and threatened species.
5. Catchment-scale abiotic variables (stream power, agricultural land use) and species traits (brood time, host specificity, tribe) influenced the occurrence of mussel assemblages more than reach-or microhabitat-scale features.
6. Our findings reflect the complexity of mussel ecology and indicate that habitat restoration alone may not be adequate for mussel conservation. Catchment-scale management can benefit an entire assemblage, but species-specific strategies may be necessary for successful conservation. The hierarchical multispecies modelling approach revealed findings that could not be elucidated by other means, and the approach may be applied more broadly to other river basins and regions. Accurate measures of assemblage dynamics, such as occurrence and species richness, are required to create management plans for effective conservation.
C1 [Pandolfo, Tamara J.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Kwak, Thomas J.] North Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Cope, W. Gregory] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Heise, Ryan J.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Creedmoor, NC USA.
[Nichols, Robert B.] North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commiss, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Pacifici, Krishna] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC USA.
RP Pandolfo, TJ (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, Campus Box 7617, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM tjpandol@ncsu.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center [171]; North Carolina State University; North Carolina Wildlife
Resources Commission; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service; Wildlife Management Institute
FX This research was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey, National Climate
Change and Wildlife Science Center through Research Work Order 171. We
thank J. Daraio and B. Doll for hydrologic and geomorphology expertise.
T. Black and B. Jones of the North Carolina Wildlife Resources
Commission participated in mussel surveys. J. Archambault provided a
database of species trait information. E. Buttermore, D. Weaver, J.
Archambault, A. White, B. Cope and M. Fisk made up field crews for the
duration of the project. C. Shea and two anonymous referees provided
constructive reviews of the manuscript. The North Carolina Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly supported by North Carolina
State University, North Carolina Wildlife Resources Commission, U.S.
Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Wildlife
Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
government.
NR 73
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U1 9
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0046-5070
EI 1365-2427
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 10
BP 1671
EP 1684
DI 10.1111/fwb.12807
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DZ7CJ
UT WOS:000386021300005
ER
PT J
AU Ranalli, AJ
Yager, DB
AF Ranalli, Anthony J.
Yager, Douglas B.
TI Use of mineral/solution equilibrium calculations to assess the potential
for carnotite precipitation from groundwater in the Texas Panhandle, USA
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geochemical modeling; Groundwater; PHREEQC; Texas panhandle; Uranium
mineralization; Carnotite
ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; BEDS
AB This study investigated the potential for the uranium mineral carnotite (K-2(UO2)2(VO4)(2)center dot 3H(2)O) to precipitate from evaporating groundwater in the Texas Panhandle region of the United States. The evolution of groundwater chemistry during evaporation was modeled with the USGS geochemical code PHREEQC using water-quality data from 100 groundwater wells downloaded from the USGS National Water Information System (NWIS) database. While most modeled groundwater compositions precipitated calcite upon evaporation, not all groundwater became saturated with respect to carnotite with the system open to CO2. Thus, the formation of calcite is not a necessary condition for carnotite to form. Rather, the determining factor in achieving carnotite saturation was the evolution of groundwater chemistry during evaporation following calcite precipitation. Modeling in this study showed that if the initial major-ion groundwater composition was dominated by calcium-magnesium-sulfate (>70 precent Ca + Mg and >50 percent SO4 + Cl) or calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate (>70 percent Ca + Mg and <70 percent HCO3 + CO3) and following the precipitation of calcite, the concentration of calcium was greater than the carbonate alkalinity (2mCa(+2) > mHCO(3)(-) + 2mCO(3)(-2)) carnotite saturation was achieved. If, however, the initial major-ion groundwater composition is sodium-bicarbonate (varying amounts of Na, 40-100 percent Na), calcium-sodium-sulfate, or calcium-magnesium-bicarbonate composition (> 70 percent HCO3 + CO3) and following the precipitation of calcite, the concentration of calcium was less than the carbonate alkalinity (2mCa(+2) < mHCO(3)(-) + 2mCO(3)(-2)) carnotite saturation was not achieved. In systems open to CO2, carnotite saturation occurred in most samples in evaporation amounts ranging from 95 percent to 99 percent with the partial pressure of CO2 ranging from 10(-3.5) to 10(-2.5) atm. Carnotite saturation occurred in a few samples in evaporation amounts ranging from 98 percent to 99 percent with the partial pressure of CO2 equal to 10(-2.0) atm. Carnotite saturation did not occur in any groundwater with the system closed to CO2. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ranalli, Anthony J.] Navarro Res & Engn Inc, 11025 Dover St,Suite 1000, Westminster, CO 80021 USA.
[Yager, Douglas B.] US Geol Survey, Cent Mineral & Environm Resources Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Ranalli, AJ (reprint author), Navarro Res & Engn Inc, 11025 Dover St,Suite 1000, Westminster, CO 80021 USA.
EM Anthony.Ranalli@lm.doe.gov; dyager@usgs.gov
NR 30
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 73
BP 118
EP 131
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.08.004
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DZ0JF
UT WOS:000385523900012
ER
PT J
AU McCleskey, RB
Lowenstern, JB
Schaper, J
Nordstrom, DK
Heasler, HP
Mahony, D
AF McCleskey, R. Blaine
Lowenstern, Jacob B.
Schaper, Jonas
Nordstrom, D. Kirk
Heasler, Henry P.
Mahony, Dan
TI Geothermal solute flux monitoring and the source and fate of solutes in
the Snake River, Yellowstone National Park, WY
SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Yellowstone National Park; Grand Teton National Park; Geothermal;
Electrical conductivity; Specific conductance
ID ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; MOUNTAIN STREAM; HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; INORGANIC
SOLUTES; DIEL BEHAVIOR; CHLORIDE FLUX; GIBBON RIVER; NEUTRAL PH;
DISCHARGE; CHEMISTRY
AB The combined geothermal discharge from over 10,000 features in Yellowstone National Park (YNP) can be can be estimated from the Cl flux in the Madison, Yellowstone, Falls, and Snake Rivers. Over the last 30 years, the Cl flux in YNP Rivers has been calculated using discharge measurements and Cl concentrations determined in discrete water samples and it has been determined that approximately 12% of the Cl flux exiting YNP is from the Snake River. The relationship between electrical conductivity and concentrations of Cl and other geothermal solutes was quantified at a monitoring site located downstream from the thermal inputs in the Snake River. Beginning in 2012, continuous (15 min) electrical conductivity measurements have been made at the monitoring site. Combining continuous electrical conductivity and discharge data, the Cl and other geothermal solute fluxes were determined. The 2013-2015 Cl fluxes (5.3-5.8 kt/yr) determined using electrical conductivity are comparable to historical data. In addition, synoptic water samples and discharge data were obtained from sites along the Snake River under low-flow conditions of September 2014. The synoptic water study extended 17 km upstream from the monitoring site. Surface inflows were sampled to identify sources and to quantify solute loading. The Lewis River was the primary source of Cl, Na, K, Cl, SiO2, Rb, and As loads (50-80%) in the Snake River. The largest source of SO4 was from the upper Snake River (50%). Most of the Ca and Mg (50-55%) originate from the Snake Hot Springs. Chloride, Ca, Mg, Na, K, SiO2, F, HCO3, SO4, B, Li, Rb, and As behave conservatively in the Snake River, and therefore correlate well with conductivity (R-2 >= 0.97). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [McCleskey, R. Blaine; Nordstrom, D. Kirk] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,Suite E 127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Lowenstern, Jacob B.] US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 910, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schaper, Jonas] Univ Bayreuth, Dept Hydrol, Univ Str 30, D-95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
[Heasler, Henry P.; Mahony, Dan] Natl Pk Serv, Yellowstone Natl Pk, Mammoth, WY 82190 USA.
RP McCleskey, RB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St,Suite E 127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM rbmccles@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service; Yellowstone Volcano Observatory; USGS Volcano
Hazards Program; USGS National Research Program
FX We thank the staff of Yellowstone National Park, including Ann Rodman
and Sarah Haas, for their assistance on numerous occasions. We are
grateful to Randall Chiu, Jim Ball, and Dane Campbell who helped collect
and analyze samples. This study would not have been possible without the
support of the National Park Service, the Yellowstone Volcano
Observatory, the USGS Volcano Hazards Program, and the USGS National
Research Program.
NR 55
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0883-2927
J9 APPL GEOCHEM
JI Appl. Geochem.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 73
BP 142
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2016.08.006
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DZ0JF
UT WOS:000385523900014
ER
PT J
AU Oyler-McCance, SJ
Oh, KP
Langin, KM
Aldridge, CL
AF Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Oh, Kevin P.
Langin, Kathryn M.
Aldridge, Cameron L.
TI A field ornithologist's guide to genomics: Practical considerations for
ecology and conservation
SO AUK
LA English
DT Review
DE adaptation; birds; conservation units; eDNA; landscape genomics;
next-generation sequencing; population history; single-nucleotide
polymorphisms
ID GREATER SAGE-GROUSE; NON-MODEL ORGANISMS; EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE;
WARBLER WILSONIA-PUSILLA; COD GADUS-MORHUA; WHOLE-GENOME; GENE FLOW;
RNA-SEQ; LANDSCAPE GENOMICS; WIDE ASSOCIATION
AB Vast improvements in sequencing technology have made it practical to simultaneously sequence millions of nucleotides distributed across the genome, opening the door for genomic studies in virtually any species. Ornithological research stands to benefit in three substantial ways. First, genomic methods enhance our ability to parse and simultaneously analyze both neutral and non-neutral genomic regions, thus providing insight into adaptive evolution and divergence. Second, the sheer quantity of sequence data generated by current sequencing platforms allows increased precision and resolution in analyses. Third, high-throughput sequencing can benefit applications that focus on a small number of loci that are otherwise prohibitively expensive, time-consuming, and technically difficult using traditional sequencing methods. These advances have improved our ability to understand evolutionary processes like speciation and local adaptation, but they also offer many practical applications in the fields of population ecology, migration tracking, conservation planning, diet analyses, and disease ecology. This review provides a guide for field ornithologists interested in incorporating genomic approaches into their research program, with an emphasis on techniques related to ecology and conservation. We present a general overview of contemporary genomic approaches and methods, as well as important considerations when selecting a genomic technique. We also discuss research questions that are likely to benefit from utilizing high-throughput sequencing instruments, highlighting select examples from recent avian studies.
C1 [Oyler-McCance, Sara J.; Oh, Kevin P.; Langin, Kathryn M.; Aldridge, Cameron L.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Aldridge, Cameron L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Oyler-McCance, SJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM soyler@usgs.gov
RI Aldridge, Cameron /F-4025-2011;
OI Langin, Kathryn/0000-0002-1799-1942
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX This project was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey.
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U2 38
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 133
IS 4
BP 626
EP 648
DI 10.1642/AUK-16-49.1
PG 23
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DY9CP
UT WOS:000385430800005
ER
PT J
AU Cutting, KA
Anderson, ML
Beever, EA
Schroff, SR
Klaphake, E
Korb, N
McWilliams, S
AF Cutting, Kyle A.
Anderson, Michelle L.
Beever, Erik A.
Schroff, Sean R.
Klaphake, Eric
Korb, Nathan
McWilliams, Scott
TI Niche shifts and energetic condition of songbirds in response to
phenology of food-resource availability in a high-elevation sagebrush
ecosystem
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE food-resource pulse; sagebrush; diet; stable isotopes; Brewer's Sparrow;
Vesper Sparrow
ID SHRUBSTEPPE PASSERINE BIRDS; LONG-DISTANCE MIGRANT; REPRODUCTIVE
SUCCESS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; 2 SPARROWS; HABITAT; PRECIPITATION;
COMMUNITIES; ENVIRONMENT; TEMPERATURE
AB Seasonal fluctuations in food availability can affect diets of consumers, which in turn may influence the physiological state of individuals and shape intra-and inter-specific patterns of resource use. High-elevation ecosystems often exhibit a pronounced seasonal "pulse'' in productivity, although few studies document how resource use and energetic condition by avian consumers change in relation to food-resource availability in these ecosystems. We tested the hypothesis that seasonal increases (pulses) in food resources in high-elevation sagebrush ecosystems result in 2 changes after the pulse, relative to the before-pulse period: (1) reduced diet breadth of, and overlap between, 2 sympatric sparrow species; and (2) enhanced energetic condition in both species. We tracked breeding-season diets using stable isotopes and energetic condition using plasma metabolites of Brewer's Sparrows (Spizella breweri), Vesper Sparrows (Pooecetes gramineus), and their food resources during 2011, and of only Brewer's Sparrows and their food resources during 2013. We quantify diet breadth and overlap between both species, along with coincident physiological consequences of temporal changes in resource use. After invertebrate biomass increased following periods of rainfall in 2011, dietary breadth decreased by 35% in Brewer's Sparrows and by 48% in Vesper Sparrows, while dietary overlap decreased by 88%. Energetic condition of both species increased when dietary overlap was lower and diet breadth decreased, after the rapid rise of food-resource availability. However, energetic condition of Brewer's Sparrows remained constant in 2013, a year with low precipitation and lack of a strong pulse in food resources, even though the species' dietary breadth again decreased that year. Our results indicate that diet breadth and overlap in these sparrow species inhabiting sagebrush ecosystems generally varied as predicted in relation to intra-and interannual changes in food resources, and this difference in diet was associated with improved energetic condition of sparrows at least in one year.
C1 [Cutting, Kyle A.; Schroff, Sean R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, Lima, MT 59739 USA.
[Anderson, Michelle L.] Univ Montana Western, Dept Biol, Dillon, MT USA.
[Beever, Erik A.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Beever, Erik A.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Klaphake, Eric] Cheyenne Mt Zoo, Colorado Springs, CO USA.
[Korb, Nathan] Nature Conservancy, Helena, MT USA.
[McWilliams, Scott] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
RP Cutting, KA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Red Rock Lakes Natl Wildlife Refuge, Lima, MT 59739 USA.
EM Kyle_Cutting@fws.gov
FU Wildlife Health Lab of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Montana
Association of Conservation Districts
FX This research was funded by the Wildlife Health Lab of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, and the Montana Association of Conservation Districts.
NR 62
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PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
EI 1938-4254
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 133
IS 4
BP 685
EP 697
DI 10.1642/AUK-16-4.1
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DY9CP
UT WOS:000385430800008
ER
PT J
AU Lenz, J
Wetterich, S
Jones, BM
Meyer, H
Bobrov, A
Grosse, G
AF Lenz, Josefine
Wetterich, Sebastian
Jones, Benjamin M.
Meyer, Hanno
Bobrov, Anatoly
Grosse, Guido
TI Evidence of multiple thermokarst lake generations from an 11800-year-old
permafrost core on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska
SO BOREAS
LA English
DT Article
ID BERING LAND-BRIDGE; INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR; LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM;
NORTHWESTERN ALASKA; LANDSCAPE DYNAMICS; YUKON-TERRITORY;
CLIMATIC-CHANGE; WESTERN ALASKA; WARM INTERVAL; COASTAL-PLAIN
AB Permafrost degradation influences the morphology, biogeochemical cycling and hydrology of Arctic landscapes over a range of time scales. To reconstruct temporal patterns of early to late Holocene permafrost and thermokarst dynamics, site-specific palaeo-records are needed. Here we present a multi-proxy study of a 350-cm-long permafrost core from a drained lake basin on the northern Seward Peninsula, Alaska, revealing Lateglacial toHolocene thermokarst lake dynamics in a central location of Beringia. Use of radiocarbon dating, micropalaeontology (ostracods and testaceans), sedimentology (grain-size analyses, magnetic susceptibility, tephra analyses), geochemistry (total nitrogen and carbon, total organic carbon, C-13(org)) and stable water isotopes (O-18, D, dexcess) of ground ice allowed the reconstruction of several distinct thermokarst lake phases. These include a pre-lacustrine environment at the base of the core characterized by the Devil Mountain Maar tephra (22800 +/- 280cal. a BP, Unit A), which has vertically subsided in places due to subsequent development of a deep thermokarst lake that initiated around 11800cal. a BP (Unit B). At about 9000cal. a BP this lake transitioned from a stable depositional environment to a very dynamic lake system (Unit C) characterized by fluctuating lake levels, potentially intermediate wetland development, and expansion and erosion of shore deposits. Complete drainage of this lake occurred at 1060cal. a BP, including post-drainage sediment freezing from the top down to 154cm and gradual accumulation of terrestrial peat (Unit D), as well as uniform upward talik refreezing. This core-based reconstruction of multiple thermokarst lake generations since 11800cal. a BP improves our understanding of the temporal scales of thermokarst lake development from initiation to drainage, demonstrates complex landscape evolution in the ice-rich permafrost regions of Central Beringia during the Lateglacial and Holocene, and enhances our understanding of biogeochemical cycles in thermokarst-affected regions of the Arctic.
C1 [Lenz, Josefine; Wetterich, Sebastian; Meyer, Hanno; Grosse, Guido] Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Dept Periglacial Res, Telegraphenberg A43, D-4473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Lenz, Josefine; Grosse, Guido] Univ Potsdam, Inst Earth & Environm Sci, Karl Liebknecht Str 24-25, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany.
[Jones, Benjamin M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Bobrov, Anatoly] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Fac Soil Sci, 1-12 Leninskie Gory, Moscow, Russia.
RP Lenz, J (reprint author), Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine Res, Alfred Wegener Inst, Dept Periglacial Res, Telegraphenberg A43, D-4473 Potsdam, Germany.
EM Josefine.Lenz@awi.de
RI Grosse, Guido/F-5018-2011;
OI Grosse, Guido/0000-0001-5895-2141; Lenz, Josefine/0000-0002-4050-3169
FU NSF [ARC-0732735]; NASA [NNX08AJ37G]; German Federal Ministry of
Education and Research (BMBF) [01DJ14003]; Western Alaska Landscape
Conservation Cooperative Project [WA2011-02]; RFBR [16-040045-a]; ERC
[338335]; Christiane Nusslein-Volhard-Foundation; University of Potsdam;
Helmholtz Graduate School for Polar and Marine Research (POLMAR)
FX Fieldwork was supported by NSF (ARC-0732735), NASA (NNX08AJ37G) and the
US National Park Service. Additional funding was provided by the German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF Grant No. 01DJ14003),
the Western Alaska Landscape Conservation Cooperative Project
(WA2011-02), RFBR (#16-040045-a) and the ERC (#338335). J. Lenz was
supported by a Christiane Nusslein-Volhard-Foundation grant, a
dissertation stipend from the University of Potsdam, and the Helmholtz
Graduate School for Polar and Marine Research (POLMAR), and acknowledges
an invitation by S. Mischke to the Faculty of Earth Sciences (University
of Iceland) for a research visit to finalize this study. We thank K.
Walter Anthony and L. Farquharson for field support and discussions, and
A. Myrbo and L. Farquharson for assisting with core splitting, imaging
and GEO-TEK scanning at the LacCore facility at the University of
Minnesota. Further, we would like to thank H. Kemnitz, I. Schapan, S.
Wulf and O. Appelt (GFZ) for facilitating SEM imaging as well as
geochemical analyses of tephra. We thank L. Farquharson, S. Lauterbach
and one anonymous reviewer for providing helpful comments that improved
the manuscript. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 98
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0300-9483
EI 1502-3885
J9 BOREAS
JI Boreas
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 45
IS 4
BP 584
EP 603
DI 10.1111/bor.12186
PG 20
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DY8UD
UT WOS:000385405900002
ER
PT J
AU Zimmermann, M
Reid, JA
Golden, N
AF Zimmermann, Mark
Reid, Jane A.
Golden, Nadine
TI Using smooth sheets to describe groundfish habitat in Alaskan waters,
with specific application to two flatfishes
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE USA; Alaska; Gulf of Alaska; Fish; Habitat; Bathymetry; Grain size
ID MODELS; NURSERY; PLEURONECTIDS; AREA
AB In this analysis we demonstrate how preferred fish habitat can be predicted and mapped for juveniles of two Alaskan groundfish species - Pacific halibut (Hippoglossus stenolepis) and flathead sole (Hippoglossoides elassodon) - at five sites (Kiliuda Bay, Izhut Bay, Port Dick, Aialik Bay, and the Barren Islands) in the central Gulf of Alaska. The method involves using geographic information system (GIS) software to extract appropriate information from National Ocean Service (NOS) smooth sheets that are available from NGDC (the National Geophysical Data Center). These smooth sheets are highly detailed charts that include more soundings, substrates, shoreline and feature information than the more commonly-known navigational charts. By bringing the information from smooth sheets into a GIS, a variety of surfaces, such as depth, slope, rugosity and mean grain size were interpolated into raster surfaces. Other measurements such as site openness, shoreline length, proportion of bay that is near shore, areas of rocky reefs, and kelp beds, water volumes, surface areas and vertical cross-sections were also made in order to quantify differences between the study sites. Proper GIS processing also allows linking the smooth sheets to other data sets, such as orthographic satellite photographs, topographic maps and precipitation estimates from which watersheds and runoff can be derived. This same methodology can be applied to larger areas, taking advantage of these free data sets to describe predicted groundfish essential fish habitat (EFH) in Alaskan waters. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Zimmermann, Mark] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE,Bldg 4, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Reid, Jane A.; Golden, Nadine] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Zimmermann, M (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE,Bldg 4, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM mark.zimmermann@noaa.gov
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB)
FX The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of the author(s) and
do not necessarily represent the views of the National Marine Fisheries
Service, NOAA or the USGS. Reference to trade names does not imply
endorsement by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA or the USGS.
The North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) sponsored the Gulf of Alaska
Integrated Ecosystem Research Program (GOA-IERP) - this manuscript is
GOA-IERP publication #3 and NPRB publication #528.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 132
BP 210
EP 226
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2015.02.020
PG 17
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DZ1LA
UT WOS:000385598700015
ER
PT J
AU Hinckley, S
Parada, C
Horne, JK
Mazur, M
Woillez, M
AF Hinckley, Sarah
Parada, Carolina
Horne, John K.
Mazur, Michael
Woillez, Mathieu
TI Comparison of individual-based model output to data using a model of
walleye pollock early life history in the Gulf of Alaska
SO DEEP-SEA RESEARCH PART II-TOPICAL STUDIES IN OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Mathematical models; Statistical analysis; Marine fish; Spatial
distributions; Spatial analysis; Individual-based models; USA gulf of
alaska; Walleye pollock
ID KOKANEE ONCORHYNCHUS-NERKA; CAPELIN MALLOTUS-VILLOSUS; CORRELATED
RANDOM-WALK; COD GADUS-MORHUA; THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; WESTERN GULF;
SEASCAPE GENETICS; LARVAL DISPERSAL; SHELIKOF STRAIT; BERING-SEA
AB Biophysical individual-based models (IBMs) have been used to study aspects of early life history of marine fishes such as recruitment, connectivity of spawning and nursery areas, and marine reserve design. However, there is no consistent approach to validating the spatial outputs of these models. In this study, we hope to rectify this gap. We document additions to an existing individual-based biophysical model for Alaska walleye pollock (Gadus chalcogrammus), some simulations made with this model and methods that were used to describe and compare spatial output of the model versus field data derived from ichthyoplankton surveys in the Gulf of Alaska. We used visual methods (e.g. distributional centroids with directional ellipses), several indices (such as a Normalized Difference Index (NDI), and an Overlap Coefficient (OC), and several statistical methods: the Syrjala method, the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic, and a geostatistical method for comparing spatial indices. We assess the utility of these different methods in analyzing spatial output and comparing model output to data, and give recommendations for their appropriate use. Visual methods are useful for initial comparisons of model and data distributions. Metrics such as the NDI and OC give useful measures of co-location and overlap, but care must be taken in discretizing the fields into bins. The Getis-Ord Gi* statistic is useful to determine the patchiness of the fields. The Syrjala method is an easily implemented statistical measure of the difference between the fields, but does not give information on the details of the distributions. Finally, the geostatistical comparison of spatial indices gives good information of details of the distributions and whether they differ significantly between the model and the data. We conclude that each technique gives quite different information about the model-data distribution comparison, and that some are easy to apply and some more complex. We also give recommendations for a multistep process to validate spatial output from IBMs. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Hinckley, Sarah] Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Parada, Carolina] Univ Concepcion, Dept Geofis, Concepcion, Chile.
[Parada, Carolina] Univ Concepcion, IMO, Concepcion, Chile.
[Horne, John K.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fisheries Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Mazur, Michael] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 170 North First St, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
[Woillez, Mathieu] IFREMER, Sci & Technol Halieut, Brest, France.
RP Hinckley, S (reprint author), Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM sarah.hinckley@noaa.gov; carolina.parada@dgeo.udec.cl;
jhorne@u.washington.edu; michael_mazur@fws.gov;
mathieu.woillez@gmail.com
OI Woillez, Mathieu/0000-0002-1032-2105
FU North Pacific Research Board [523]; EcoFOCI group at the Alaska
Fisheries Science Center; RACE Division at the Alaska Fisheries Science
Center
FX We thank the North Pacific Research Board for funding Project 523:
Pollock recruitment and stock structure, which supported portions of
this research. Dr. A.J. Hermann developed the ROMS model for the Gulf of
Alaska which drives the pollock IBM. We would also like to acknowledge
support from the EcoFOCI group and the RACE Division at the Alaska
Fisheries Science Center, which provided data, personnel salaries, and
other support. The findings and conclusions in the paper are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National
Marine Fisheries Service.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0967-0645
EI 1879-0100
J9 DEEP-SEA RES PT II
JI Deep-Sea Res. Part II-Top. Stud. Oceanogr.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 132
BP 240
EP 262
DI 10.1016/j.dsr2.2016.04.007
PG 23
WC Oceanography
SC Oceanography
GA DZ1LA
UT WOS:000385598700017
ER
PT J
AU Csank, AZ
Miller, AE
Sherriff, RL
Berg, EE
Welker, JM
AF Csank, Adam Z.
Miller, Amy E.
Sherriff, Rosemary L.
Berg, Edward E.
Welker, Jeffrey M.
TI Tree-ring isotopes reveal drought sensitivity in trees killed by spruce
beetle outbreaks in south-central Alaska
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Alaska, USA; Dendroctonus rufipennis; drought stress; Picea glauca;
spruce beetle; stable isotopes; tree rings; white spruce
ID WATER-USE EFFICIENCY; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; STABLE
CARBON; WHITE SPRUCE; SUMMER TEMPERATURES; CONCEPTUAL-MODEL;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; MORTALITY; CELLULOSE
AB Increasing temperatures have resulted in reduced growth and increased tree mortality across large areas of western North American forests. We use tree-ring isotope chronologies (delta C-13 and delta O-18) from live and dead trees from four locations in south-central Alaska, USA, to test whether white spruce trees killed by recent spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby) outbreaks showed evidence of drought stress prior to death. Trees that were killed were more sensitive to spring/summer temperature and/or precipitation than trees that survived. At two of our sites, we found greater correlations between the delta C-13 and delta O-18 chronologies and spring/summer temperatures in dead trees than in live trees, suggesting that trees that are more sensitive to temperature-induced drought stress are more likely to be killed. At one site, the difference between delta C-13 in live and dead trees was related to winter/spring precipitation, with dead trees showing stronger correlations between delta C-13 and precipitation, again suggesting increased water stress in dead trees. At all sites where delta O-18 was measured, delta O-18 chronologies showed the greatest difference in climate response between live and dead groups, with delta O-18 in live trees correlating more strongly with late winter precipitation than dead trees. Our results indicate that sites where trees are already sensitive to warm or dry early growing-season conditions experienced the most beetle-kill, which has important implications for forecasting future mortality events in Alaska.
C1 [Csank, Adam Z.] Nipissing Univ, Dept Geog, 100 Coll Dr, North Bay, ON P1B 8L7, Canada.
[Csank, Adam Z.] Desert Res Inst, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Miller, Amy E.] Natl Pk Serv, Alaska Reg Off, 240 W 5th Ave, Anchorage, AK 99501 USA.
[Sherriff, Rosemary L.] Humboldt State Univ, Dept Geog, 1 Harpst St, Arcata, CA 95521 USA.
[Berg, Edward E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Kenai Natl Wildlife Refuge, 1 Skihill Rd, Soldotna, AK 99669 USA.
[Welker, Jeffrey M.] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Dept Biol Sci, 3200 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Csank, AZ (reprint author), Nipissing Univ, Dept Geog, 100 Coll Dr, North Bay, ON P1B 8L7, Canada.; Csank, AZ (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, 2215 Raggio Pkwy, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM adam.csank@gmail.com
OI Csank, Adam/0000-0002-7001-4470
FU National Park Service Cooperative Ecosystems Studies Unit [J8C07100001,
J9910324802]; NSF MRI award [0923571]
FX This study was supported by two National Park Service Cooperative
Ecosystems Studies Unit grants to R. Sherriff (J8C07100001) and J.
Welker (J9910324802). We would like to thank Dustin Grossheim
(University of Alaska, Anchorage) for processing the tree cores for
isotopic analysis and Kelly Muth (Humboldt State University) for
tree-growth analysis. The isotopic analysis at the UAA Stable Isotope
Lab was made possible in part by a NSF MRI award (0923571) to JMW. Field
samples from the Alaska Peninsula were collected by the National Park
Service, Southwest Alaska Network. The Bufflehead Road data were
collected by C. Fastie (Middlebury College) as part of collaborative
study with the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research at the University of
Arizona and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service at the Kenai National
Wildlife Refuge. We would also like to thank C. Fastie for providing
additional information on the Kenai Peninsula. Finally we would like to
thank two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that greatly
improved the manuscript.
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U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2001
EP 2020
DI 10.1002/eap.1365
PG 20
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DZ1TR
UT WOS:000385623900004
PM 27755740
ER
PT J
AU Vander Zanden, HB
Bolten, AB
Tucker, AD
Hart, KM
Lamont, MM
Fujisaki, I
Reich, KJ
Addison, DS
Mansfield, KL
Phillips, KF
Pajuelo, M
Bjorndal, KA
AF Vander Zanden, Hannah B.
Bolten, Alan B.
Tucker, Anton D.
Hart, Kristen M.
Lamont, Margaret M.
Fujisaki, Ikuko
Reich, Kimberly J.
Addison, David S.
Mansfield, Katherine L.
Phillips, Katrina F.
Pajuelo, Mariela
Bjorndal, Karen A.
TI Biomarkers reveal sea turtles remained in oiled areas following the
Deepwater Horizon oil spill
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Caretta caretta; Deepwater Horizon; Gulf of Mexico; loggerhead; oil
spill; petroleum hydrocarbons; resource use; stable isotopes
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES; CARETTA-CARETTA; STABLE-ISOTOPES;
GREEN TURTLES; FISH POPULATIONS; FORAGING AREAS; SEAGRASS BED;
LIFE-STAGES; FIDELITY
AB Assessments of large-scale disasters, such as the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, are problematic because while measurements of post-disturbance conditions are common, measurements of pre-disturbance baselines are only rarely available. Without adequate observations of pre-disaster organismal and environmental conditions, it is impossible to assess the impact of such catastrophes on animal populations and ecological communities. Here, we use long-term biological tissue records to provide pre-disaster data for a vulnerable marine organism. Keratin samples from the carapace of loggerhead sea turtles record the foraging history for up to 18 years, allowing us to evaluate the effect of the oil spill on sea turtle foraging patterns. Samples were collected from 76 satellite-tracked adult loggerheads in 2011 and 2012, approximately one to two years after the spill. Of the 10 individuals that foraged in areas exposed to surface oil, none demonstrated significant changes in foraging patterns post spill. The observed long-term fidelity to foraging sites indicates that loggerheads in the northern Gulf of Mexico likely remained in established foraging sites, regardless of the introduction of oil and chemical dispersants. More research is needed to address potential long-term health consequences to turtles in this region. Mobile marine organisms present challenges for researchers to monitor effects of environmental disasters, both spatially and temporally. We demonstrate that biological tissues can reveal long-term histories of animal behavior and provide critical pre-disaster baselines following an anthropogenic disturbance or natural disaster.
C1 [Vander Zanden, Hannah B.] Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Vander Zanden, Hannah B.; Bolten, Alan B.; Pajuelo, Mariela; Bjorndal, Karen A.] Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Vander Zanden, Hannah B.; Bolten, Alan B.; Pajuelo, Mariela; Bjorndal, Karen A.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol, POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Tucker, Anton D.] Mote Marine Lab, 1600 Ken Thompson Pkwy, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[Hart, Kristen M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 3321 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Lamont, Margaret M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71St St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Fujisaki, Ikuko] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Reich, Kimberly J.] Texas A&M Galveston, POB 1675, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Addison, David S.] Conservancy Southwest Florida, 1495 Smith Preserve Way, Naples, FL 34102 USA.
[Mansfield, Katherine L.; Phillips, Katrina F.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Biol, 4110 Libra Dr, Orlando, FL 32816 USA.
RP Vander Zanden, HB (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Geol & Geophys, 115 S 1460 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.; Vander Zanden, HB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Archie Carr Ctr Sea Turtle Res, POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Vander Zanden, HB (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Biol, POB 118525, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM h.vanderzanden@utah.edu
OI Phillips, Katrina/0000-0002-3188-2689; Vander Zanden,
Hannah/0000-0003-3366-5116; Bjorndal, Karen/0000-0002-6286-1901
FU Sea Turtle Grants Program; Florida Sea Turtle License Plate
FX The authors thank J. Curtis for stable isotope analyses; P. Eliazar, T.
Kaufman, and C. Iseton for help with sample preparation; B. Stephens and
C. Hackett for sample collection on EAFB and SJP; A. Crowder, T. Selby,
M. Cherkiss, A. Daniels, and B. Smith with field work at DRTO; A.
Demopoulos, V. Engel, S. Good, and two anonymous reviewers for comments
that improved the manuscript. The deployment of satellite tags and the
collection of the scute samples by field staff would not have been
possible without the institutional support of the Conservancy of
Southwest Florida, Mote Marine Laboratory and U.S. Geological Survey.
This study was supported by a grant awarded from the Sea Turtle Grants
Program, which is funded from proceeds from the sale of the Florida Sea
Turtle License Plate (www.helpingseaturtles.org). All sample collection
was made in compliance with the University of Florida Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) protocol 201101985; USGS IACUC
protocol USGS-SESC-2011-05 issued to K. Hart; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
permit TE206903-1; Bon Secour National Wildlife Refuge Special Use
Permits SUP 13-006S and SUP 12-006S; the Florida Fish and Wildlife
Conservation Commission permits MTP-016, 094, 155, and 176; and Dry
Tortugas permit DRTO-2012-SCI-0008. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2145
EP 2155
DI 10.1002/eap.1366
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DZ1TR
UT WOS:000385623900014
PM 27755731
ER
PT J
AU Davis, AJ
Hooten, MB
Miller, RS
Farnsworth, ML
Lewis, J
Moxcey, M
Pepin, KM
AF Davis, Amy J.
Hooten, Mevin B.
Miller, Ryan S.
Farnsworth, Matthew L.
Lewis, Jesse
Moxcey, Michael
Pepin, Kim M.
TI Inferring invasive species abundance using removal data from management
actions
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian hierarchical model; catch-effort method; feral swine; invasive
species; population monitoring; removal sampling; Sus scrofa
ID RANGE EXPANSION; FERAL PIGS; CALIFORNIA; ERADICATION; POPULATIONS;
WILDLIFE; MODELS; SIZES
AB Evaluation of the progress of management programs for invasive species is crucial for demonstrating impacts to stakeholders and strategic planning of resource allocation. Estimates of abundance before and after management activities can serve as a useful metric of population management programs. However, many methods of estimating population size are too labor intensive and costly to implement, posing restrictive levels of burden on operational programs. Removal models are a reliable method for estimating abundance before and after management using data from the removal activities exclusively, thus requiring no work in addition to management. We developed a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate abundance from removal data accounting for varying levels of effort, and used simulations to assess the conditions under which reliable population estimates are obtained. We applied this model to estimate site-specific abundance of an invasive species, feral swine (Sus scrofa), using removal data from aerial gunning in 59 site/time-frame combinations (480-19,600 acres) throughout Oklahoma and Texas, USA. Simulations showed that abundance estimates were generally accurate when effective removal rates (removal rate accounting for total effort) were above 0.40. However, when abundances were small (<50) the effective removal rate needed to accurately estimates abundances was considerably higher (0.70). Based on our post-validation method, 78% of our site/time frame estimates were accurate. To use this modeling framework it is important to have multiple removals (more than three) within a time frame during which demographic changes are minimized (i.e., a closed population; <= 3 months for feral swine). Our results show that the probability of accurately estimating abundance from this model improves with increased sampling effort (8+ flight hours across the 3-month window is best) and increased removal rate. Based on the inverse relationship between inaccurate abundances and inaccurate removal rates, we suggest auxiliary information that could be collected and included in the model as covariates (e.g., habitat effects, differences between pilots) to improve accuracy of removal rates and hence abundance estimates.
C1 [Davis, Amy J.; Pepin, Kim M.] USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Miller, Ryan S.] USDA, Ctr Epidemiol & Anim Hlth, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Farnsworth, Matthew L.; Lewis, Jesse] Conservat Sci Partners, 5 Old Town Sq,Suite 205, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Moxcey, Michael] USDA, Wildlife Serv, 2150 Ctr Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Davis, AJ (reprint author), USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM amy.j.davis@aphis.usda.gov
OI Miller, Ryan/0000-0003-3892-0251
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Service Wildlife Services division
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Animal and
Plant Health Inspection Service Wildlife Services division. Also, thanks
to Mark Lutman and Michael Marlow for help with obtaining MIS data and
discussions about techniques for removing feral swine. Many thanks to
Dale Nolte, Mike Bodenchuk, and Kevin Grant for helpful discussions
about the MIS data and control activities. We would also like to thank
two anonymous reviewers and the subject matter editor for their
constructive reviews. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United
States government.
NR 27
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U1 8
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 7
BP 2339
EP 2346
DI 10.1002/eap.1383
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DZ1TR
UT WOS:000385623900028
PM 27755739
ER
PT J
AU Korol, AR
Ahn, C
Noe, GB
AF Korol, Alicia R.
Ahn, Changwoo
Noe, Gregory B.
TI Richness, biomass, and nutrient content of a wetland macrophyte
community affect soil nitrogen cycling in a diversity-ecosystem
functioning experiment
SO ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Denitrification potential; Net ammonification potential; Net
nitrification potential; Plant stoichiometry; Structural equation
modeling; Wetland plant richnessa
ID CONSTRUCTED WETLAND; PLANT DIVERSITY; EXPERIMENTAL GRASSLAND; BACTERIAL
COMMUNITIES; RESTORED WETLANDS; SPECIES-DIVERSITY; CREATED WETLANDS;
RIPARIAN WETLAND; DENITRIFICATION; NITRIFICATION
AB The development of soil nitrogen (N) cycling in created wetlands promotes the maturation of multiple biogeochemical cycles necessary for ecosystem functioning. This development proceeds from gradual changes in soil physicochemical properties and influential characteristics of the plant community, such as competitive behavior, phenology, productivity, and nutrient composition. In the context of a 2-year diversity experiment in freshwater mesocosms (0, 1, 2, 3, or 4 richness levels), we assessed the direct and indirect impacts of three plant community characteristics - species richness, total biomass, and tissue N concentration - on three processes in the soil N cycle - soil net ammonification, net nitrification, and denitrification potentials. Species richness had a positive effect on net ammonification potential (NAP) through higher redox potentials and likely faster microbial respiration. All NAP rates were negative, however, due to immobilization and high rates of ammonium removal. Net nitrification was inhibited at higher species richness without mediation from the measured soil properties. Higher species richness also inhibited denitrification potential through increased redox potential and decreased nitrification. Both lower biomass and/or higher tissue ratios of carbon to nitrogen, characteristics indicative of the two annual plants, were shown to have stimulatory effects on all three soil N processes. The two mediating physicochemical links between the young macrophyte community and microbial N processes were soil redox potential and temperature. Our results suggest that early-successional annual plant communities play an important role in the development of ecosystem N multifunctionality in newly created wetland soils. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Korol, Alicia R.; Ahn, Changwoo] George Mason Univ, Environm Sci & Policy, 4400 Univ Dr,MS5F2, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Noe, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, 430 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Ahn, C (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Environm Sci & Policy, 4400 Univ Dr,MS5F2, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM cahn@gmu.edu
FU Thomas F. and Kate Miller Jeffress Memorial Trust Fund [222101];
Virginia Academy of Sciences; George Mason University Patriot Green
Fund; National Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was sponsored by the Thomas F. and Kate Miller Jeffress
Memorial Trust Fund (grant number 222101), a Virginia Academy of
Sciences small project research grant, the George Mason University
Patriot Green Fund, and the National Research Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. We are grateful to 2012 and 2013 EVPP 378 students
for assistance with the construction and planting of the experimental
mesocosms. Special thanks to Dr. Paul Keddy and Lisa Williams for their
help in selecting plant functional groups and species for study. We
thank Mary Means, Kate Blackwell, Jackie Batson, Danielle Rigley, Alex
Sessums, Grant Korol, Peter Nguyen, and Charles Cressey among many
others for their contributions in the lab and field. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 89
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U1 48
U2 48
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0925-8574
EI 1872-6992
J9 ECOL ENG
JI Ecol. Eng.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 95
BP 252
EP 265
DI 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2016.06.057
PG 14
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering
GA DY8HX
UT WOS:000385371400031
ER
PT J
AU McCaffrey, R
King, RW
Wells, RE
Lancaster, M
Miller, MM
AF McCaffrey, Robert
King, Robert W.
Wells, Ray E.
Lancaster, Matthew
Miller, M. Meghan
TI Contemporary deformation in the Yakima fold and thrust belt estimated
with GPS
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Space geodetic surveys; Plate motions; Continental neotectonics;
Continental tectonics: compressional; North America
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL WASHINGTON; LATE QUATERNARY DEFORMATION; SADDLE MOUNTAINS;
ANTICLINE; OREGON; ARC
AB Geodetic, geologic and palaeomagnetic data reveal that Oregon (western USA) rotates clockwise at 0.3 to 1.0 degrees Ma(-1) (relative to North America) about an axis near the Idaho-Oregon-Washington border, while northeast Washington is relatively fixed. This rotation has been going on for at least 15 Ma. The Yakima fold and thrust belt (YFTB) forms the boundary between northern Oregon and central Washington where convergence of the clockwise-rotating Oregon block is apparently accommodated. North-south shortening across the YFTB has been thought to occur in a fan-like manner, increasing in rate to the west. We obtained high-accuracy, high-density geodetic GPS measurements in 2012-2014 that are used with earlier GPS measurements from the 1990s to characterize YFTB kinematics. The new results show that the deformation associated with the YFTB starts at the Blue Mountains Anticline in northern Oregon and extends north beyond the Frenchman Hills in Washington, past the epicentre of the 1872 M-w 7.0 Entiat earthquake to 49 degrees N. The north-south strain rate across the region is 2 to 3 x 10(-9) yr(-1) between the volcanic arc and the eastern edge of the YFTB (241.0 degrees E); east of there it drops to about 10(-9) yr(-1). At the eastern boundary of the YFTB, faults and earthquake activity are truncated by a north-trending, narrow zone of deformation that runs along the Pasco Basin and Moses Lake regions near 240.9 degrees E. This zone, abutting the Department of Energy Hanford Nuclear Reservation, accommodates about 0.5 mm yr(-1) of east to northeast shortening. A similar zone of N-trending transpression is seen along 239.9 degrees E where there is a change in the strike of the Yakima folds. The modern deformation of the YFTB is about 600 km wide from south to north and internally may be controlled by pre-existing crustal structure.
C1 [McCaffrey, Robert; Lancaster, Matthew] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[King, Robert W.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Wells, Ray E.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Miller, M. Meghan] UNAVCO, Boulder, CO USA.
RP McCaffrey, R (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM mccafr@gmail.com
FU NEHRP [G12AP20021, G12AP20032]; National Science Foundation (NSF);
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) under NSF
[EAR-0735156]
FX Helping in the 2012-2014 field observations were Stan Liffmann, Ray
Clayton, John Omer, Steve Reidel, Wade Holter and Sara, Emily, Hope and
Jack McCaffrey. We thank the many landowners who allowed access to GPS
marks. Wayne Thatcher, Mike Lisowski and Walter Szeliga contributed GPS
observations. Helpful reviews were provided by Steve Reidel, Brian
Sherrod, Takeshi Sagiya and Zheng-Kang Shen. Continuous GPS data were
obtained from SOPAC, UNAVCO, and PANGA/CWU archives. W. Szeliga provided
metadata for the PANGA files. RM and RWK are supported by NEHRP grants
G12AP20021 and G12AP20032, respectively. We acknowledge equipment
services provided by the UNAVCO Facility with support from the National
Science Foundation (NSF) and National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) under NSF Cooperative Agreement No. EAR-0735156.
All GPS field data and logsheets are archived at UNAVCO and the velocity
field is given in the Supporting Information. Strain rate calculations
were done with TDEFNODE (McCaffrey 2009; web.pdx.edu/similar to
mccafr/defnode) and figures were drawn with GMT (Wessel & Smith 1998;
www.soest.hawaii.edu/gmt).
NR 38
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 207
IS 1
BP 1
EP 11
DI 10.1093/gji/ggw252
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DX8PO
UT WOS:000384651200001
ER
PT J
AU Koch, JC
AF Koch, Joshua C.
TI Lateral and subsurface flows impact arctic coastal plain lake water
budgets
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE Arctic thaw lakes; drained lakes; water budgets; subsurface flow;
permafrost; evapotranspiration
ID BOREAL CATCHMENT UNDERLAIN; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WETLAND COMPLEX; NORTH
SLOPE; THAW LAKES; PERMAFROST; ALASKA; EVAPORATION; RUNOFF; HYDROLOGY
AB Arctic thaw lakes are an important source of water for aquatic ecosystems, wildlife, and humans. Many recent studies have observed changes in Arctic surface waters related to climate warming and permafrost thaw; however, explaining the trends and predicting future responses to warming is difficult without a stronger fundamental understanding of Arctic lake water budgets. By measuring and simulating surface and subsurface hydrologic fluxes, this work quantified the water budgets of three lakes with varying levels of seasonal drainage, and tested the hypothesis that lateral and subsurface flows are a major component of the post-snowmelt water budgets. A water budget focused only on post-snowmelt surface water fluxes (stream discharge, precipitation, and evaporation) could not close the budget for two of three lakes, even when uncertainty in input parameters was rigorously considered using a Monte Carlo approach. The water budgets indicated large, positive residuals, consistent with up to 70% of mid-summer inflows entering lakes from lateral fluxes. Lateral inflows and outflows were simulated based on three processes; supra-permafrost subsurface inflows from basin-edge polygonal ground, and exchange between seasonally drained lakes and their drained margins through runoff and evapotranspiration. Measurements and simulations indicate that rapid subsurface flow through highly conductive flowpaths in the polygonal ground can explain the majority of the inflow. Drained lakes were hydrologically connected to marshy areas on the lake margins, receiving water from runoff following precipitation and losing up to 38% of lake efflux to drained margin evapotranspiration. Lateral fluxes can be a major part of Arctic thaw lake water budgets and a major control on summertime lake water levels. Incorporating these dynamics into models will improve our ability to predict lake volume changes, solute fluxes, and habitat availability in the changing Arctic. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Koch, Joshua C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Koch, JC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM jkoch@usgs.gov
OI Koch, Joshua/0000-0001-7180-6982
FU Wildlife Program of the USGS Ecosystem Mission Area
FX This work was part of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Changing Arctic
Ecosystem Initiative and was supported by the Wildlife Program of the
USGS Ecosystem Mission Area. Thanks to D. Rosenberry, S. Jepsen, and
three anonymous reviewers for helpful comments that improved the
manuscript; F. Urban for assistance with the USGS Climate Monitoring
network data; L. Garey, M. Gilbertson, and E. Torvinen for measuring the
active layer transect; D. Rosenberry, D. Stannard, and M. Walvoord, for
helpful discussion; R. Healy for providing the Guelph Permeameter; and
T. Shoemaker and Arctic Air Alaska for superb transportation to the
remote field site. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 58
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U1 8
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PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 21
BP 3918
EP 3931
DI 10.1002/hyp.10917
PG 14
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DY9DS
UT WOS:000385434400012
ER
PT J
AU Gallo, K
Xian, G
AF Gallo, Kevin
Xian, George
TI Changes in satellite-derived impervious surface area at US historical
climatology network stations
SO ISPRS JOURNAL OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Impervious surface area; Land cover change; Urbanization; Climate
station siting
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; USE/LAND COVER CHANGE; LAND-COVER;
TEMPERATURE TRENDS; URBANIZATION; IMPACTS; IMAGERY; REGION
AB The difference between 30 m gridded impervious surface area (ISA) between 2001 and 2011 was evaluated within 100 and 1000 m radii of the locations of climate stations that comprise the US Historical Climatology Network. The amount of area associated with observed increases in ISA above specific thresholds was documented for the climate stations. Over 32% of the USHCN stations exhibited an increase in ISA of >= 20% between 2001 and 2011 for at least 1% of the grid cells within a 100 m radius of the station. However, as the required area associated with ISA change was increased from >= 1% to >= 10%, the number of stations that were observed with a >= 20% increase in ISA between 2001 and 2011 decreased to 113 (9% of stations). When the 1000 m radius associated with each station was examined, over 52% (over 600) of the stations exhibited an increase in ISA of >= 20% within at least 1% of the grid cells within that radius. However, as the required area associated with ISA change was increased to >= 10% the number of stations that were observed with a >= 20% increase in ISA between 2001 and 2011 decreased to 35 (less than 3% of the stations). The gridded ISA data provides an opportunity to characterize the environment around climate stations with a consistently measured indicator of a surface feature. Periodic evaluations of changes in the ISA near the USHCN and other networks of stations are recommended to assure the local environment around the stations has not significantly changed such that observations at the stations may be impacted. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Inc. (ISPRS).
C1 [Gallo, Kevin] NOAA, NESDIS, Ctr Satellite Applicat & Res, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Gallo, Kevin; Xian, George] US Geol Survey, Earth Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
RP Gallo, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earth Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM kevin.p.gallo@noaa.gov; xian@usgs.gov
RI Gallo, Kevin P./F-5588-2010
FU NOAA/NESDIS; U.S. Geological Survey; Center for Satellite Applications
and Research
FX The authors acknowledge the assistance of Shelley McNeill and Russell
Vose of NOAA's National Centers for Environmental Information (NCEI)
with providing detailed USHCN station sensor location information. This
manuscript was partially supported by the NOAA/NESDIS, Center for
Satellite Applications and Research and U.S. Geological Survey. The
manuscript contents do not constitute a statement of endorsement,
policy, decision, or position on behalf of NOAA or the U.S. Government.
NR 34
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U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0924-2716
EI 1872-8235
J9 ISPRS J PHOTOGRAMM
JI ISPRS-J. Photogramm. Remote Sens.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 120
BP 77
EP 83
DI 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2016.08.006
PG 7
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DZ1KQ
UT WOS:000385597700007
ER
PT J
AU Wille, M
McBurney, S
Robertson, GJ
Wilhelm, SI
Blehert, DS
Soos, C
Dunphy, R
Whitney, H
AF Wille, Michelle
McBurney, Scott
Robertson, Gregory J.
Wilhelm, Sabina I.
Blehert, David S.
Soos, Catherine
Dunphy, Ron
Whitney, Hugh
TI A PELAGIC OUTBREAK OF AVIAN CHOLERA IN NORTH AMERICAN GULLS: SCAVENGING
AS A PRIMARY MECHANISM FOR TRANSMISSION?
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic Canada; avian cholera; gulls; Laridae; Newfoundland;
Pasteurella multocida; pelagic; scavenging
ID PASTEURELLA-MULTOCIDA; WATERFOWL; BIRDS; SEA; ANTARCTICA
AB Avian cholera, caused by the bacterium Pasteurella multocida, is an endemic disease globally, often causing annual epizootics in North American wild bird populations with thousands of mortalities. From December 2006 to March 2007, an avian cholera outbreak caused mortality in marine birds off the coast of Atlantic Canada, largely centered 300-400 km off the coast of the island of Newfoundland. Scavenging gulls (Larus spp.) were the primary species detected; however, mortality was also identified in Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) and one Common Raven (Corvus corax), a nonmarine species. The most common gross necropsy findings in the birds with confirmed avian cholera were acute fibrinous and necrotizing lesions affecting the spleen, air sacs, and pericardium, and nonspecific hepatomegaly and splenomegaly. The etiologic agent, P. multocida serotype 1, was recovered from 77 of 136 carcasses examined, and confirmed or probable avian cholera was diagnosed in 85 cases. Mortality observed in scavenging gull species was disproportionately high relative to their abundance, particularly when compared to nonscavenging species. The presence of feather shafts in the ventricular lumen of the majority of larid carcasses diagnosed with avian cholera suggests scavenging of birds that died from avian cholera as a major mode of transmission. This documentation of an outbreak of avian cholera in a North American pelagic environment affecting primarily scavenging gulls indicates that offshore marine environments may be a component of avian cholera dynamics.
C1 [Wille, Michelle] Mem Univ Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave, St John, NF A1B 3X9, Canada.
[McBurney, Scott] Univ Prince Edward Isl, Canadian Wildlife Hlth Cooperat, Atlantic Reg, Atlantic Vet Coll, 550 Univ Ave, Charlottetown, PE C1A 4P3, Canada.
[Robertson, Gregory J.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Wildlife Res Div, 6 Bruce St, Mt Pearl, NF A1N 4T3, Canada.
[Wilhelm, Sabina I.] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Canadian Wildlife Serv, 6 Bruce St, Mt Pearl, NF A1N 4T3, Canada.
[Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Soos, Catherine] Environm & Climate Change Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Ecotoxicol & Wildlife Hlth Div, 115 Perimeter Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada.
[Whitney, Hugh] Forestry & Agrifoods Agcy, Div Anim Hlth, POB 7400, St John, NF A1E 3Y5, Canada.
[Wille, Michelle] Uppsala Univ, Zoonos Sci Ctr, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, BMC, Husargatan 3,Box 256, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden.
RP Wille, M (reprint author), Mem Univ Newfoundland, 230 Elizabeth Ave, St John, NF A1B 3X9, Canada.; Wille, M (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Zoonos Sci Ctr, Dept Med Biochem & Microbiol, BMC, Husargatan 3,Box 256, S-75105 Uppsala, Sweden.
EM Michelle.Wille@imbim.uu.se
OI Wille, Michelle/0000-0002-5629-0196
FU Strategic Applications of Genomics in the Environment
FX Serotyping of P. multocida isolates was supported by Strategic
Applications of Genomics in the Environment. We thank personnel on the
Canadian Coast Guard and industry supply vessels, the oil and gas
exploration, development and production facilities in Atlantic Canada,
and concerned citizens of the Atlantic Provinces for reporting and
collecting bird carcasses. We thank D. Fifield, P. Ryan, and C. Gjerdium
from the Canadian Wildlife Service for surveying offshore and inshore
locations for carcasses, and for collecting carcasses; D. Weeks (CHWC)
and C. Keane (Newfoundland and Labrador Forestry and Agrifoods Agency)
for their contributions during the outbreak; R. Janes (Newfoundland and
Labrador Forestry and Agrifoods Agency) and A. Muckle (Diagnostic
Services, Atlantic Veterinary College) for completing the microbiologic
screening of samples and isolation and lyophilization of P. multocida
isolates; and B. Berlowski-Zier (US Geological Survey) for conducting
serotype analyses of isolates. Comments from S. A. Iverson improved the
manuscript. Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 793
EP 802
DI 10.7589/2015-12-342
PG 10
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA DZ4RG
UT WOS:000385846300003
PM 27455197
ER
PT J
AU Van Hemert, C
Handel, CM
AF Van Hemert, Caroline
Handel, Colleen M.
TI Blood Serum Chemistry of Wild Alaskan Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile
atricapillus) with Avian Keratin Disorder
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian keratin disorder; beak deformity; Black-capped Chickadee; serum
chemistry; uric acid
ID BEAK DEFORMITIES; BIRDS; MOLT
AB We measured serum chemistries in wild Black-capped Chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) from Alaska to test for potential differences associated with beak deformities characteristic of avian keratin disorder. Lower uric acid in affected birds was the only difference detected between groups, although sample sizes were small. This difference could be associated with fasting or malnutrition in birds with beak deformities, but it is challenging to interpret its biologic significance without reference values. Black-capped Chickadees had high levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase relative to reference values for companion birds. However, all serum chemistry parameters from our study were within the range of values reported from other apparently healthy wild-caught birds.
C1 [Van Hemert, Caroline; Handel, Colleen M.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Van Hemert, C (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM cvanhemert@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area; US Geological Survey; US
Fish and Wildlife Service Quick Response Program
FX We thank S. Matsuoka, D. Ruthrauff, T. L. Tibbitts, and L. Pajot for
assistance in the held, D. Mulcahy for expertise in the laboratory, and
J. C. Franson for advice on laboratory analyses. A. Reeves and two
anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments that improved this
manuscript. This project was funded by the US Geological Survey,
Ecosystems Mission Area, and by the collaborative US Geological Survey
and US Fish and Wildlife Service Quick Response Program. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 16
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 927
EP 930
DI 10.7589/2016-02-034
PG 4
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA DZ4RG
UT WOS:000385846300020
PM 27434412
ER
PT J
AU Justice-Allen, A
Orr, K
Schuler, K
McCarty, K
Jacobson, K
Meteyer, C
AF Justice-Allen, Anne
Orr, Kathy
Schuler, Krysten
McCarty, Kyle
Jacobson, Kenneth
Meteyer, Carol
TI Bald Eagle Nestling Mortality Associated with Argas radiatus and Argas
ricei Tick Infestation and Successful Management with Nest Removal in
Arizona, USA
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
DE Argas radiatus; Argas ricei; artificial nest management; Bald Eagle;
tick paralysis; West Nile virus
ID SUBGENUS PERSICARGAS IXODOIDEA; HALIAEETUS-LEUCOCEPHALUS; UNITED-STATES;
SERUM
AB Eight Bald Eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) nestlings heavily infested with larval ticks were found in or under a nest near the confluence of the Verde and Salt rivers in Arizona in 2009-11. The 8-12-wk-old nestlings were slow to respond to stimuli and exhibited generalized muscle weakness or paresis of the pelvic limbs. Numerous cutaneous and subcutaneous hemorrhages were associated with sites of tick attachment. Ticks were identified as Argas radiatus and Argas ricei. Treatment with acaricides and infection with West Nile virus (WNV) may have confounded the clinical presentation in 2009 and 2010. However, WNV-negative birds exhibited similar signs in 2011. One nestling recovered from paresis within 36 h after the removal of all adult and larval ticks (>350) and was released within 3 wk. The signs present in the heavily infested Bald Eagle nestlings resembled signs associated with tick paralysis, a neurotoxin-mediated paralytic syndrome described in mammals, reptiles, and wild birds (though not eagles). Removal of the infested nest and construction of a nest platform in a different tree was necessary to break the cycle of infection. The original nesting pair constructed a new nest on the man-made platform and successfully fledged two Bald Eagles in 2012.
C1 [Justice-Allen, Anne; McCarty, Kyle; Jacobson, Kenneth] Arizona Game & Fish Dept, 5000 W Carefree Highway, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA.
[Orr, Kathy] Liberty Wildlife Rehabil Fdn, 11825 N 70th St, Scottsdale, AZ 85254 USA.
[Schuler, Krysten; Meteyer, Carol] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, 6006 Schroeder Rd, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
[Meteyer, Carol] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Justice-Allen, A (reprint author), Arizona Game & Fish Dept, 5000 W Carefree Highway, Phoenix, AZ 85086 USA.
EM ajustice-allen@azgfd.gov
FU Wildlife Restoration Act [W-78-R]; US Fish and Wildlife Service Bald and
Golden Eagle Permit for Arizona Game and Fish Department [MB43002A-0]
FX We thank Toni Schwan and Brandi McCoy, National Institutes of Health
National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, Rocky Mountain
Laboratories, Hamilton, Montana, and Lance Durden, Georgia Southern
University, Statesville, Georgia, for assisting with tick
identification; and Gregory Bradley at the University of Arizona
Diagnostic Laboratory and Nancy Thomas at the US Geological Survey
National Wildlife Health Center for histopathologv on eagle nestlings.
Funding for Arizona Bald Eagle Nest. Watch Program was provided by
Arizona Came and Fish Department's heritage Fund, Arizona Public
Service, American Eagle Foundation, Fort: McDowell Yavapai Nation, Salt
River Pima-Maricopa Indian Community, Salt River Project, US Bureau of
Land Management, US Bureau of Reclamation, US Department of Defense
(Luke Air Force Base), US Forest Service (Apache-Sitgreaves, Kaibab,
Prescott, and Tonto National Forests), US Fish and Wildlife Service
(State Wildlife Grant), and Verde Canyon Railroad. Additional funding
came from Wildlife Restoration Act, Project W-78-R. US Fish and Wildlife
Service Bald and Golden Eagle Permit for Arizona Game and Fish
Department (MB43002A-0). Use of trade, product:, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0090-3558
EI 1943-3700
J9 J WILDLIFE DIS
JI J. Wildl. Dis.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 940
EP 944
DI 10.7589/2015-10-271
PG 5
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA DZ4RG
UT WOS:000385846300023
PM 27479902
ER
PT J
AU Gioia, E
Speranza, G
Ferretti, M
Godt, JW
Baum, RL
Marincioni, F
AF Gioia, Eleonora
Speranza, Gabriella
Ferretti, Maurizio
Godt, Jonathan W.
Baum, Rex L.
Marincioni, Fausto
TI Application of a process-based shallow landslide hazard model over a
broad area in Central Italy
SO LANDSLIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE Deterministic model; Infiltration; Pore pressure; Shallow landslide;
Italy
ID GREAT ANCONA LANDSLIDE; NOVEMBER 2000; DEBRIS FLOWS; RAINFALL; SLOPE;
INFILTRATION; THRESHOLDS; WASHINGTON; MECHANISMS; INITIATION
AB Process-based models are widely used for rainfall-induced shallow landslide forecasting. Previous studies have successfully applied the U.S. Geological Survey's Transient Rainfall Infiltration and Grid-Based Regional Slope-Stability (TRIGRS) model (Baum et al. 2002) to compute infiltration-driven changes in the hillslopes' factor of safety on small scales (i.e., tens of square kilometers). Soil data input for such models are difficult to obtain across larger regions. This work describes a novel methodology for the application of TRIGRS over broad areas with relatively uniform hydrogeological properties. The study area is a 550-km(2) region in Central Italy covered by post-orogenic Quaternary sediments. Due to the lack of field data, we assigned mechanical and hydrological property values through a statistical analysis based on literature review of soils matching the local lithologies. We calibrated the model using rainfall data from 25 historical rainfall events that triggered landslides. We compared the variation of pressure head and factor of safety with the landslide occurrence to identify the best fitting input conditions. Using calibrated inputs and a soil depth model, we ran TRIGRS for the study area. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis, comparing the model's output with a shallow landslide inventory, shows that TRIGRS effectively simulated the instability conditions in the post-orogenic complex during historical rainfall scenarios. The implication of this work is that rainfall-induced landslides over large regions may be predicted by a deterministic model, even where data on geotechnical and hydraulic properties as well as temporal changes in topography or subsurface conditions are not available.
C1 [Gioia, Eleonora; Marincioni, Fausto] Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
[Speranza, Gabriella; Ferretti, Maurizio] Funct Ctr Civil Protect Marche Reg, Via Colle Ameno 5, I-60126 Ancona, Italy.
[Godt, Jonathan W.; Baum, Rex L.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Marincioni, F (reprint author), Univ Politecn Marche, Dept Life & Environm Sci, Via Brecce Bianche, I-60131 Ancona, Italy.
EM f.marincioni@univpm.it
OI Baum, Rex/0000-0001-5337-1970
FU Civil Protection of the Marche Region; USGS Geologic Hazards Science
Center in Denver, Colorado
FX This work is part of a Ph.D. project in Civil and Environmental
Protection at the Universita Politecnica delle Marche at Ancona, Italy,
supported by the Civil Protection of the Marche Region and the USGS
Geologic Hazards Science Center in Denver, Colorado. Authors would like
to thank the anonymous reviewers for the encouraging and constructive
comments, which helped improve this manuscript.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1612-510X
EI 1612-5118
J9 LANDSLIDES
JI Landslides
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 13
IS 5
BP 1197
EP 1214
DI 10.1007/s10346-015-0670-6
PG 18
WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering; Geology
GA DY5WH
UT WOS:000385174600025
ER
PT J
AU Galbraith, HS
Blakeslee, CJ
Cole, JC
Talbert, CA
Maloney, KO
AF Galbraith, H. S.
Blakeslee, C. J.
Cole, J. C.
Talbert, C. A.
Maloney, K. O.
TI Evaluating Methods to Establish Habitat Suitability Criteria: A Case
Study in the Upper Delaware River Basin, USA
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE flow management; habitat assessment; Delphi panel; IFIM; environmental
flows; trout; shad
ID BROWN TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON; FLOW ASSESSMENT; FRESH-WATER;
TRANSFERABILITY; ECOSYSTEMS; MODELS; SALAR
AB Defining habitat suitability criteria (HSC) of aquatic biota can be a key component to environmental flow science. HSC can be developed through numerous methods; however, few studies have evaluated the consistency of HSC developed by different methodologies. We directly compared HSC for depth and velocity developed by the Delphi method (expert opinion) and by two primary literature meta-analyses (literature-derived range and interquartile range) to assess whether these independent methods produce analogous criteria for multiple species (rainbow trout, brown trout, American shad, and shallow fast guild) and life stages. We further evaluated how these two independently developed HSC affect calculations of habitat availability under three alternative reservoir management scenarios in the upper Delaware River at a mesohabitat (main channel, stream margins, and flood plain), reach, and basin scale. In general, literature-derived HSC fell within the range of the Delphi HSC, with highest congruence for velocity habitat. Habitat area predicted using the Delphi HSC fell between the habitat area predicted using two literature-derived HSC, both at the basin and the site scale. Predicted habitat increased in shallow regions (stream margins and flood plain) using literature-derived HSC while Delphi-derived HSC predicted increased channel habitat. HSC generally favoured the same reservoir management scenario; however, no favoured reservoir management scenario was the most common outcome when applying the literature range HSC. The differences found in this study lend insight into how different methodologies can shape HSC and their consequences for predicted habitat and water management decisions. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Galbraith, H. S.; Blakeslee, C. J.; Cole, J. C.; Maloney, K. O.] USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
[Talbert, C. A.] USGS Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Galbraith, HS (reprint author), USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
EM hgalbraith@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Department of the Interior's WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage
America's Resources for Tomorrow) program; U.S. Geological Survey's
National Water Census; U.S. Geological Survey's Fisheries Program
FX We thank Erik Silldorff for comments that improved the quality of the
manuscript. Support for this project was provided by the U.S. Department
of the Interior's WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America's Resources for
Tomorrow) program and the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water
Census, and the U.S. Geological Survey's Fisheries Program. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 8
BP 1765
EP 1775
DI 10.1002/rra.3025
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DY9CW
UT WOS:000385431600009
ER
PT J
AU Kock, TJ
Perry, RW
Gleizes, C
Dammers, W
Liedtke, TL
AF Kock, T. J.
Perry, R. W.
Gleizes, C.
Dammers, W.
Liedtke, T. L.
TI Angler Harvest, Hatchery Return, and Tributary Stray Rates of Recycled
Adult Summer Steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss in the Cowlitz River,
Washington
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Oncorhynchus mykiss; steelhead; telemetry; recycling; multistate model
ID ANADROMOUS SALMONIDS; CHINOOK SALMON; WILD; POPULATIONS; MECHANISMS;
PROGRAM; SUCCESS; FISH
AB Hatchery recycling' programs have been used to increase angling opportunities by re-releasing fish into a river after they returned to a hatchery or fish trap. Recycling is intended to increase opportunities for fishermen, but this strategy could affect wild fish populations if some recycled fish remain in the river and interact with wild fish populations. To quantify hatchery return and angler harvest rates of recycled steelhead, we conducted a 2-year study on the Cowlitz River, Washington. A total of 1051 steelhead were recycled, including 218 fish that were radio-tagged. Fates of recycled steelhead were similar between years: 48.4% returned to the hatchery, 19.2% were reported captured by anglers, and 32.4% remained in the river. A multistate model quantified the effects of covariates on hatchery return and angler harvest rates, which were positively affected by river discharge and negatively affected by time since release. However, hatchery return rates increased and angler harvest rates decreased during periods of increasing discharge. A total of 21.1% (46 fish) of the radio-tagged steelhead failed to return to the hatchery or be reported by anglers, but nearly half of those fish (20 fish) appeared to be harvested and not reported. The remaining tagged fish (11.9% of the radio-tagged population) were monitored into the spawning period, but only five fish (2.3% of the radio-tagged population) entered tributaries where wild steelhead spawning occurs. Future research focused on straying behaviour, and spawning success of recycled steelhead may further advance the understanding of the effects of recycling as a management strategy. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Kock, T. J.; Perry, R. W.; Liedtke, T. L.] US Geol Survey, Columbia River Res Lab, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Gleizes, C.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Dammers, W.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, Salkum, WA USA.
RP Kock, TJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia River Res Lab, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM tkock@usgs.gov
FU Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Columbia River Salmon and
Steelhead Endorsement Program
FX We would like to thank the following people for their assistance with
this project: Wade Heimbigner with the Pacific States Marine Fisheries
Commission; Missy Baier, Scott Gibson, Jamie Murphy, and Mark LaRiviere
with Tacoma Power; Mike Blankenship, Teresa Fryer, and John Serl with
the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; and our colleagues the
Columbia River Research Laboratory. Funding for this study was provided
by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife with funds provided
through the Columbia River Salmon and Steelhead Endorsement Program. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 8
BP 1790
EP 1799
DI 10.1002/rra.3023
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DY9CW
UT WOS:000385431600011
ER
PT J
AU Gosch, NJC
Miller, ML
Gemeinhardt, TR
Starks, TA
Civiello, AP
Long, JM
Bonneau, JL
AF Gosch, N. J. C.
Miller, M. L.
Gemeinhardt, T. R.
Starks, T. A.
Civiello, A. P.
Long, J. M.
Bonneau, J. L.
TI Age-0 Shovelnose Sturgeon Prey Consumption in the Lower Missouri River
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE shovelnose sturgeon; diet; Missouri River; pallid sturgeon
ID SCAPHIRHYNCHUS SPP.; DIET COMPOSITION; PALLID STURGEON; GROWTH; LARVAL;
FOOD
AB A lack of nutritious food during the first year of life is a hypothesized factor that may limit survival of endangered pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus in the lower Missouri River (LMOR). Unfortunately, information for age-0 pallid sturgeon diets remains limited, but diet analyses for age-0 Scaphirhynchus spp. (sturgeon hereafter) have occurred. Little information, however, exists on age-0 sturgeon diets in the LMOR; thus, our primary objective was to document age-0 sturgeon diets in this system. We examined guts contents from 30 individuals, which were genetically identified as shovelnose sturgeon Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, and three stomachs were empty. The remaining age-0 shovelnose sturgeon consumed chironomid larvae almost exclusively (>98% of prey items consumed). Our results were similar to studies conducted in other systems, and it appears unlikely that a lack of nutritious food was a major factor affecting the individuals captured during this study. This effort provides important information to help guide ongoing adaptive management efforts in the LMOR. (c) 2016 The Authors. River Research and Applications published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
C1 [Gosch, N. J. C.; Miller, M. L.; Gemeinhardt, T. R.] US Army Corps Engineers, Kansas City, MO 64106 USA.
[Starks, T. A.; Civiello, A. P.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resources Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Long, J. M.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resources Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Bonneau, J. L.] US Army Corps Engineers, Yankton, SD USA.
RP Gosch, NJC (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Kansas City, MO 64106 USA.
EM Nathan.J.Gosch@usace.army.mil
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Kansas City District through United States
Geological Survey [G12AC20430]; U.S. Geological Survey; Oklahoma State
University; Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation; Wildlife
Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Steven Chipps provided valuable comments on an earlier draft of this
manuscript. We thank Kevin Montemayor as well as numerous other U.S.
Army Corps of Engineers staff for field assistance. This study was
funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Kansas City District through
the United States Geological Survey (Cooperative Agreement Number
G12AC20430). The Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is
jointly supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Oklahoma State
University, the Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation, the
Wildlife Management Institute and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising,
publication, or promotional purposes. Reference to trade names does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. All product names and
trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The
findings of this report are not to be construed as an official
Department of Army position unless so designated by other authorized
documents.
NR 14
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 8
BP 1819
EP 1823
DI 10.1002/rra.3003
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DY9CW
UT WOS:000385431600014
ER
PT J
AU Faust, DR
Kroger, R
Miranda, LE
Rush, SA
AF Faust, Derek R.
Kroger, Robert
Miranda, Leandro E.
Rush, Scott A.
TI Nitrate Removal from Agricultural Drainage Ditch Sediments with
Amendments of Organic Carbon: Potential for an Innovative Best
Management Practice
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Agriculture; Amendments; Microcosms; Nitrate; Nutrients; Organic carbon
ID LOW-GRADE WEIRS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; HYDROLOGICAL VARIABILITY;
PHOSPHORUS MANAGEMENT; NUTRIENT REMOVAL; DENITRIFICATION; REDUCTION;
ECOSYSTEM; STREAM; AQUACULTURE
AB Agricultural fertilizer applications have resulted in loading of nutrients to agricultural drainage ditches in the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley. The purpose of this study was to determine effects of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and particulate organic carbon (POC) amendments on nitrate-nitrogen (NO3--N) removal from overlying water, pore water, and sediment of an agricultural drainage ditch. Two experiments were conducted. In experiment 1, control (i.e., no amendment), DOC, and POC treatments were applied in laboratory microcosms for time intervals of 3, 7, 14, and 28 days. In experiment 2, control, DOC, and POC treatments were applied in microcosms at C/N ratios of 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, and 20:1. There were statistically significant effects of organic carbon amendments in experiment 1 (F-2,F-71 = 27.1, P < 0.001) and experiment 2 (F-2,F-53 = 39.1, P < 0.001), time (F-1,F-71 = 14.5, P < 0.001) in experiment 1, and C/N ratio (F-1,F-53 = 36.5, P < 0.001) in experiment 2. NO3--N removal varied from 60 to 100 % in overlying water among all treatments. The lowest NO3--N removals in experiment 1 were observed in the control at 14 and 28 days, which were significantly less than in DOC and POC 14- and 28-day treatments. In experiment 2, significantly less NO3--N was removed in overlying water of the control compared to DOC and POC treatments at all C/N ratios. Amendments of DOC and POC made to drainage ditch sediment: (1) increased NO3--N removal, especially over longer time intervals (14 to 28 days); (2) increased NO3--N removal, regardless of C/N ratio; and (3) NO3--N removal was best at a 5:1 C/N ratio. This study provides support for continued investigation on the use of organic carbon amendments as a best management practice for NO3--N removal in agricultural drainage ditches.
C1 [Faust, Derek R.; Rush, Scott A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Kroger, Robert] Covington Civil & Environm LLC, 2510 14th St,Ste 1010, Gulfport, MS 39501 USA.
[Miranda, Leandro E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish andWildlife Res Unit, Box 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Faust, Derek R.] ARS, Northern Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA.
RP Faust, DR (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Box 9690, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.; Faust, DR (reprint author), ARS, Northern Great Plains Res Lab, USDA, POB 459, Mandan, ND 58554 USA.
EM derek.faust@ars.usda.gov
FU Forest and Wildlife Research Center of Mississippi State University;
Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station of Mississippi
State University
FX We thank the Forest and Wildlife Research Center and Mississippi
Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station of Mississippi State
University for financial support. We also extend gratitude to past and
present members of the Water Quality Laboratory at Mississippi State
University for their valuable contributions to this project. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 47
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U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
EI 1573-2932
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 227
IS 10
AR 378
DI 10.1007/s11270-016-3075-9
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA DY8YT
UT WOS:000385419200021
ER
PT J
AU Winton, RS
Moorman, M
Richardson, CJ
AF Winton, R. Scott
Moorman, Michelle
Richardson, Curtis J.
TI Waterfowl Impoundments as Sources of Nitrogen Pollution
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Wetlands; Wildlife management; Biogeochemistry; Denitrification
ID SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION; CHESAPEAKE BAY; VASCULAR PLANTS; SHALLOW
LAKE; FRESH-WATER; NUTRIENT; QUALITY; DECLINE; PRODUCTIVITY; COMMUNITIES
AB Hydrologically controlled moist-soil impoundment wetlands provide critical habitat for high densities of migratory bird populations. Nutrients exported from heavily used impoundments by prescribed seasonal drawdown of surface water may contribute to the eutrophication of aquatic ecosystems. To investigate the relative importance of nutrient export from managed impoundment habitats, we conducted a field study at Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuge in North Carolina, USA, which contains 1545 ha of impoundments that drain into hypereutrophic Lake Mattamuskeet. We found that prescribed hydrologic drawdowns of an impoundment exported roughly the same amount of nitrogen (N) as adjacent fertilized agricultural fields on a per-area basis and contributed approximately one fifth of total N load to Lake Mattamuskeet. The prescribed drawdown regime, designed to maximize waterfowl production in impoundments, may be exacerbating the degradation of habitat quality in the downstream lake as an unintended consequence. Few studies of wetland N dynamics have targeted impoundments managed to provide wildlife habitat, but a similar phenomenon may occur in some of the 36,000 ha of similarly managed moist-soil impoundments on National Wildlife Refuges in the southeastern USA, especially those hosting dense concentrations of waterfowl. We suggest an earlier seasonal drawdown could potentially mitigate impoundment N pollution and estimate it could reduce N export from our study impoundment by more than 70 %.
C1 [Winton, R. Scott; Richardson, Curtis J.] Duke Univ, Wetland Ctr, Nicholas Sch Environm, Box 90333, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Moorman, Michelle] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Mattamuskeet Natl Wildlife Refuge Off, Headquarters Rd, Fairfield, NC 27826 USA.
RP Winton, RS (reprint author), Duke Univ, Wetland Ctr, Nicholas Sch Environm, Box 90333, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM scott.winton@gmail.com
FU Carolina Bird Club; Duke University Wetland Center endowment; Duke
University Graduate School
FX We thank J. Bills for helping instrument the field site; W. Willis for
assisting with laboratory analyses; M. River, M. Ho, and R. Lauzon for
providing help and companionship in the field; P. Campbell, A. Stewart,
and J. Fringeli of the US Fish and Wildlife Service for generous
hospitality and providing access to the field site; J. Parker for
helping design and construct static chambers; and D. Prasodjo for
providing visual basic programming expertise. This manuscript was
improved by comments from E. Bernhardt and D. Richter. Funding was
provided by the Carolina Bird Club, the Duke University Wetland Center
endowment and the Duke University Graduate School. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 63
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U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
EI 1573-2932
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 227
IS 10
AR 390
DI 10.1007/s11270-016-3082-x
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA DY8YT
UT WOS:000385419200033
ER
PT J
AU Pugliese, A
Farmer, WH
Castellarin, A
Archfield, SA
Vogel, RM
AF Pugliese, Alessio
Farmer, William H.
Castellarin, Attilio
Archfield, Stacey A.
Vogel, Richard M.
TI Regional flow duration curves: Geostatistical techniques versus
multivariate regression
SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Flow-duration curve; Top-kriging; Linear regression; Prediction in
ungauged basins (pub problem); Regional analysis; Geostatistics;
Southeastern United States
ID SPACE-BASED INTERPOLATION; UNGAUGED BASINS; STREAMFLOW VARIABILITY;
PREDICTION; NETWORKS; INDEXES
AB A period-of-record flow duration curve (FDC) represents the relationship between the magnitude and frequency of daily streamflows. Prediction of FDCs is of great importance for locations characterized by sparse or missing streamflow observations. We present a detailed comparison of two methods which are capable of predicting an FDC at ungauged basins: (1) an adaptation of the geostatistical method, Top-kriging, employing a linear weighted average of dimensionless empirical FDCs, standardised with a reference streamflow value; and (2) regional multiple linear regression of streamflow quantiles, perhaps the most common method for the prediction of FDCs at ungauged sites. In particular, Top-kriging relies on a metric for expressing the similarity between catchments computed as the negative deviation of the FDC from a reference streamflow value, which we termed total negative deviation (TND). Comparisons of these two methods are made in 182 largely unregulated river catchments in the southeastern U.S. using a three-fold cross-validation algorithm. Our results reveal that the two methods perform similarly throughout flow-regimes, with average Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiencies 0.566 and 0.662, (0.883 and 0.829 on log-transformed quantiles) for the geostatistical and the linear regression models, respectively. The differences between the reproduction of FDC's occurred mostly for low flows with exceedance probability (i.e. duration) above 0.98. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Pugliese, Alessio; Castellarin, Attilio] Univ Bologna, Dept Civil Chem Environm & Mat Engn DICAM, Bologna, Italy.
[Farmer, William H.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Archfield, Stacey A.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Vogel, Richard M.] Tufts Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Medford, MA 02155 USA.
RP Pugliese, A (reprint author), Univ Bologna, Dept Civil Chem Environm & Mat Engn DICAM, Bologna, Italy.
EM alessio.pugliese3@unibo.it
RI Vogel, Richard/A-8513-2008;
OI Vogel, Richard/0000-0001-9759-0024; Farmer, William/0000-0002-2865-2196;
Pugliese, Alessio/0000-0003-0403-0533
FU European Commission FP7 funded research project SWITCH-ON "Sharing
Water-related Information to Tackle Changes in the Hydrosphere - for
Operational Needs" [603587]
FX The contribution from European Commission FP7 funded research project
SWITCH-ON "Sharing Water-related Information to Tackle Changes in the
Hydrosphere - for Operational Needs" (grant agreement number 603587) is
thankfully acknowledged. The present work was partially developed within
the framework of the Panta Rhei Research Initiative of the International
Association of Hydrological Sciences (IAHS). Also, we would like to
acknowledge A. Liguori and A. Bononi for their contributions to this
research work with preliminary analyses and J.E. Kiang for her help
providing data and information useful for the realization of the
manuscript.
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0309-1708
EI 1872-9657
J9 ADV WATER RESOUR
JI Adv. Water Resour.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 96
BP 11
EP 22
DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2016.06.008
PG 12
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DY2YN
UT WOS:000384958100002
ER
PT J
AU Ferguson, DJ
Gonnermann, HM
Ruprecht, P
Plank, T
Hauri, EH
Houghton, BF
Swanson, DA
AF Ferguson, David J.
Gonnermann, Helge M.
Ruprecht, Philipp
Plank, Terry
Hauri, Erik H.
Houghton, Bruce F.
Swanson, Donald A.
TI Magma decompression rates during explosive eruptions of Kilauea volcano,
Hawaii, recorded by melt embayments
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Basalticvolcanoes; Magmadecompressionrates; Melt embayments
ID LAVA FOUNTAINS; BASALTIC ERUPTIONS; BUBBLE-GROWTH; ASCENT RATES;
FRAGMENTATION; DIFFUSION; MODEL; WATER; GAS; CONSTRAINTS
AB The decompression rate of magma as it ascends during volcanic eruptions is an important but poorly constrained parameter that controls many of the processes that influence eruptive behavior. In this study, we quantify decompression rates for basaltic magmas using volatile diffusion in olivine-hosted melt tubes (embayments) for three contrasting eruptions of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii. Incomplete exsolution of H2O, CO2, and S from the embayment melts during eruptive ascent creates diffusion profiles that can be measured using microanalytical techniques, and then modeled to infer the average decompression rate. We obtain average rates of similar to 0.05-0.45 MPa s(-1) for eruptions ranging from Hawaiian style fountains to basaltic subplinian, with the more intense eruptions having higher rates. The ascent timescales for these magmas vary from around similar to 5 to similar to 36 min from depths of similar to 2 to similar to 4 km, respectively. Decompression-exsolution models based on the embayment data also allow for an estimate of the mass fraction of pre-existing exsolved volatiles within the magma body. In the eruptions studied, this varies from 0.1 to 3.2 wt% but does not appear to be the key control on eruptive intensity. Our results do not support a direct link between the concentration of pre-eruptive volatiles and eruptive intensity; rather, they suggest that for these eruptions, decompression rates are proportional to independent estimates of mass discharge rate. Although the intensity of eruptions is defined by the discharge rate, based on the currently available dataset of embayment analyses, it does not appear to scale linearly with average decompression rate. This study demonstrates the utility of the embayment method for providing quantitative constraints on magma ascent during explosive basaltic eruptions.
C1 [Ferguson, David J.; Ruprecht, Philipp; Plank, Terry] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Ferguson, David J.] Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gonnermann, Helge M.] Rice Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
[Hauri, Erik H.] Carnegie Inst Sci, Dept Terr Magnetism, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
[Houghton, Bruce F.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Swanson, Donald A.] US Geol Survey, Hawaiian Volcano Observ, Hawaii Natl Pk, Kilauea, HI 96718 USA.
[Ferguson, David J.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
[Ruprecht, Philipp] Univ Nevada, Dept Geol Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Ferguson, DJ (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.; Ferguson, DJ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 20 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.; Ferguson, DJ (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
EM d.j.ferguson@leeds.ac.uk
FU NSF grant [EAR1145159, EAR1145187, EAR1348022, EAR1426820];
Lamont-Doherty Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX This work was supported by NSF grant (EAR1145159). H.G. was supported by
NSF grant EAR1145187. D.J.F. also acknowledges support from a
Lamont-Doherty Postdoctoral Fellowship and P.R. from NSF grants
EAR1348022 and EAR1426820. We are grateful to Julianne Gross at AMNH for
assistance with the electron microprobe analysis, Alex Lloyd for
discussions and lab support, and Jacob Lowenstern and Mike Poland for
comments on an earlier version of the paper. We acknowledge reviews by
Nicole Metrich and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 59
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U1 6
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PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
EI 1432-0819
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 78
IS 10
AR 71
DI 10.1007/s00445-016-1064-x
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DY5RZ
UT WOS:000385161300005
ER
PT J
AU Civitillo, D
Ayuso, RA
Lima, A
Albanese, S
Esposito, R
Cannatelli, C
De Vivo, B
AF Civitillo, Diego
Ayuso, Robert A.
Lima, Annamaria
Albanese, Stefano
Esposito, Rosario
Cannatelli, Claudia
De Vivo, Benedetto
TI Potentially harmful elements and lead isotopes distribution in a heavily
anthropized suburban area: the Casoria case study (Italy)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL EARTH SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE Environmental geochemistry; Urban geochemistry; Pb isotope geochemistry;
Potential toxic elements
ID URBAN GEOCHEMISTRY; HUMAN HEALTH; ND-PB; POLLUTION; METALS; ENVIRONMENT;
TRANSPORT; VESUVIUS; AEROSOLS; HISTORY
AB This study presents the results of 12 trace elements that have been classified by Italian Environmental law as potentially dangerous to human health and new Pb isotope data for topsoils and soil profiles collected in the Casoria municipal area (Napoli). Elemental concentrations were determined in 126 topsoil samples and were produced interpolated distribution (MIDW) and baseline maps using GeoDAS software. Results show Casoria soils to be significantly enriched in several elements (e.g., Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn). Two geochemical sources were determined associating elemental distribution with the background values of Neapolitan soils: one geogenic and another one anthropogenic. High As, Co, Se and Tl concentrations are coherent with bedrock lithology, and elemental concentrations show the same values typical of Neapolitan volcanic soils. Higher Cd, Hg, Pb and Zn concentrations can be linked with anthropic activities coherent with previous studies in the Neapolitan area. Cr, Cu, Sb and V geochemical concentration and distribution shows both geogenic and anthropogenic influence. Pb isotope analyses allow the determination of the source of the Pb and the level of anthropogenic/geogenic influence on their concentration. Pb sources in the Casoria soils overlap the isotopic compositions typical of industrial soils/aerosols. This anthropic influence on Pb concentration is quantified by anthropogenic fraction (AF%). Casoria topsoil shows very high amount of anthropogenic Pb: AF% is 41-58 %. In profile soil samples leached (L) AF(%) is 31-43 % (topsoils) and 38-56 % (bottom soils); in profile soil samples residues (R) AF(%) is shifted toward the geologic signature, 18-43 % (topsoils) and 25-50 % (bottom soils).
C1 [Civitillo, Diego; Lima, Annamaria; Albanese, Stefano; Esposito, Rosario; Cannatelli, Claudia; De Vivo, Benedetto] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra Ambiente & Risorse, Via Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Naples, Italy.
[Ayuso, Robert A.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Cannatelli, Claudia] Univ Chile, Dept Geol, Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile.
[Esposito, Rosario] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Earth Planetary & Space Sci, 595 Charles Young Dr East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Civitillo, D (reprint author), Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra Ambiente & Risorse, Via Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Naples, Italy.
EM Diego.Civitillo@unina.it
RI Esposito, Rosario/R-6613-2016
NR 54
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U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1866-6280
EI 1866-6299
J9 ENVIRON EARTH SCI
JI Environ. Earth Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 75
IS 19
AR 1325
DI 10.1007/s12665-016-6093-4
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA DY5JF
UT WOS:000385135100026
ER
PT J
AU Galt, NJ
McCormick, SD
Froehlich, JM
Biga, PR
AF Galt, Nicholas J.
McCormick, Stephen D.
Froehlich, Jacob Michael
Biga, Peggy R.
TI A comparative examination of cortisol effects on muscle myostatin and
HSP90 gene expression in salmonids
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Stress; Growth; Myostatin; HSP90; Hormone
ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; RAINBOW-TROUT; ATLANTIC SALMON;
GLUCOCORTICOID-RECEPTOR; HEAT-SHOCK; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
FUNCTIONAL-ANALYSIS; EXOGENOUS CORTISOL; ELEVATED CORTISOL;
PLASMA-CORTISOL
AB Cortisol, the primary corticosteroid in teleost fishes, is released in response to stressors to elicit local functions, however little is understood regarding muscle-specific responses to cortisol in these fishes. In mammals, glucocorticoids strongly regulate the muscle growth inhibitor, myostatin, via glucocorticoid response elements (GREs) leading to muscle atrophy. Bioinformatics methods suggest that this regulatory mechanism is conserved among vertebrates, however recent evidence suggests some fishes exhibit divergent regulation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the conserved actions of cortisol on myostatin and hsp90 expression to determine if variations in cortisol interactions have emerged in salmonid species. Representative salmonids; Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki), brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis), and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar); were injected intraperitoneally with a cortisol implant (50 gig body weight) and muscle gene expression was quantified after 48 h. Plasma glucose and cortisol levels were significantly elevated by cortisol in all species, demonstrating physiological effectiveness of the treatment. HSP90 mRNA levels were elevated by cortisol in brook trout, Chinook salmon, and Atlantic salmon, but were decreased in cutthroat trout. Myostatin mRNA levels were affected in a species, tissue (muscle type), and paralog specific manner. Cortisol treatment increased myostatin expression in brook trout (Salvelinus) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo), but not in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus) or cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus). Interestingly, the VC alone increased myostatin mRNA expression in Chinook and Atlantic salmon, while the addition of cortisol blocked the response. Taken together, these results suggest that cortisol affects muscle-specific gene expression in species-specific manners, with unique Oncorhynchus-specific divergence observed, that are not predictive solely based upon mammalian stress responses. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Galt, Nicholas J.; Froehlich, Jacob Michael; Biga, Peggy R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Biol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[McCormick, Stephen D.] USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Lab, Turners Falls, MA USA.
RP Biga, PR (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, 1300 Univ Blvd,CH 464, Birmingham, AL 35212 USA.
EM pegbiga@uab.edu
FU University of Alabama at Birmingham Department of Biology start-up funds
FX This work was supported by University of Alabama at Birmingham
Department of Biology start-up funds. We thank Michael O'Dea and Amy
Regish for their help in carrying out cortisol implant experiments at
the Conte Anadromous Fish Research Center. Any use of trade, product or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
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U1 7
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
EI 1095-6840
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 237
BP 19
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.07.019
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA DY6JT
UT WOS:000385212900003
PM 27444129
ER
PT J
AU Ramey, AM
Reed, JA
Walther, P
Link, P
Schmutz, JA
Douglas, DC
Stallknecht, DE
Soos, C
AF Ramey, Andrew M.
Reed, John A.
Walther, Patrick
Link, Paul
Schmutz, Joel A.
Douglas, David C.
Stallknecht, David E.
Soos, Catherine
TI Evidence for the exchange of blood parasites between North America and
the Neotropics in blue-winged teal (Anas discors)
SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas discors; Blue-winged teal; Hematozoa; Neotropics; North America;
Plasmodium
ID NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; INFLUENZA-A VIRUSES; GENETIC DIVERSITY; WILD
BIRDS; INTERCONTINENTAL SPREAD; MOLECULAR-DETECTION; SPRING MIGRATION;
PINTAILS; HEMATOZOA; HAEMOPROTEUS
AB Blue-winged teal (Anas discors) are abundant, small-bodied dabbling ducks that breed throughout the prairies of the northcentral USA and central Canada and that winter in the southern USA and northern Neotropics. Given the migratory tendencies of this species, it is plausible that blue-winged teal may disperse avian pathogens, such as parasites causing avian malaria, between spatially distant areas. To test the hypothesis that blue-winged teal play a role in the exchange of blood parasites between North America and areas further south, we collected information on migratory tendencies of this species and sampled birds at spatially distant areas during breeding and non-breeding periods to diagnose and genetically characterize parasitic infections. Using a combination of band recovery data, satellite telemetry, molecular diagnostics, and genetic analyses, we found evidence for (1) migratory connectivity of blue-winged teal between our sampling locations in the Canadian prairies and along the US Gulf Coast with areas throughout the northern Neotropics, (2) parasite acquisition at both breeding and non-breeding areas, (3) infection of blue-winged teal sampled in Canada and the USA with Plasmodium parasite lineages associated with the Neotropics, and (4) infection of blue-winged teal with parasites that were genetically related to those previously reported in waterfowl in both North America and South America. Collectively, our results suggest that blue-winged teal likely play a role in the dispersal of blood parasites between the Neotropics and North America, and therefore, the targeting of this species in surveillance programs for the early detection of Neotropical-origin avian pathogens in the USA may be informative.
C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.; Reed, John A.; Schmutz, Joel A.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ramey, Andrew M.; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, 589 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Walther, Patrick] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Texas Chenier Plain Refuge Complex,4017 FM 563, Anahuac, TX 77514 USA.
[Link, Paul] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, 2000 Quail Dr,Room 436, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA.
[Douglas, David C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 250 Egan Dr, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
[Soos, Catherine] Environm Canada, Prairie & Northern Wildlife Res Ctr, 115 Perimeter Rd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X4, Canada.
RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.; Ramey, AM (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, 589 DW Brooks Dr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM aramey@usgs.gov
OI Ramey, Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400
FU US Geological Survey through Wildlife Program of the Ecosystem Mission
Area; Contaminants Biology Program of the Environmental Health Mission
Area; Environment Canada; Alberta Conservation Association; Institute
for Wetland; Waterfowl Research-Ducks Unlimited Canada; University of
Saskatchewan
FX This work was funded by the US Geological Survey through the Wildlife
Program of the Ecosystem Mission Area and the Contaminants Biology
Program of the Environmental Health Mission Area. Canadian field work
was funded by Environment Canada, Alberta Conservation Association,
Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research-Ducks Unlimited Canada, and
the University of Saskatchewan. Waterfowl captures in Canada were
conducted in collaboration with the US Fish and Wildlife Service and
Canadian Wildlife Service personnel. Sample collection and/or deployment
of PTTs were conducted with the help of Amy Wilson, Sofia Mlala, Gillian
Treen, Jamille McLeod, Kailee Price, Emilie Bouchard, Karen Gesy, Ben
Wilcox, George Newsome, Phillip Pauling, Paul Oesterle, Wade Broussard,
Alinde Fojtik, Deborah Carter, Jeremiah Slagter, Nick Davis-Fields, Jim
LaCour, Jacob Gray, and Kristen DeMarco. We thank Craig Ely for
providing advice regarding obtaining and analyzing band recovery data.
We appreciate critical reviews provided by John Pearce, Brandt Meixell,
Michael Yabsley, and an anonymous reviewer. None of the authors have any
financial interests or conflict of interest with this article. Any use
of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 46
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Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0932-0113
EI 1432-1955
J9 PARASITOL RES
JI Parasitol. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 115
IS 10
BP 3923
EP 3939
DI 10.1007/s00436-016-5159-2
PG 17
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA DY5ME
UT WOS:000385143100029
PM 27283961
ER
PT J
AU Boyd, JN
Raymond, GA
Call, GP
Pistrang, MJ
AF Boyd, Jennifer N.
Raymond, Gregory A.
Call, Geoff P.
Pistrang, Mark J.
TI Ecophysiological performance of the rare terrestrial orchid Platanthera
integrilabia across contrasting habitats
SO PLANT ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Orchid; Ecophysiology; Photosynthesis; Platanthera integrilabia; Rare
species
ID LOCAL ADAPTATION; SHADE TOLERANCE; USE EFFICIENCY; PLANTS; FOREST;
PHOTOSYNTHESIS; POPULATIONS; TRAITS; SEEDS; TAXA
AB Platanthera integrilabia is a rare terrestrial orchid species generally associated with semiopen forested wetlands in the southeastern US. It has been suggested that P. integrilabia has restrictive abiotic resource requirements; however, these requirements have not been implicitly studied despite their potential application to species conservation. We investigated the influence of light and soil moisture on P. integrilabia at landscape and local scales and population and organismal levels across and within four occurrences with contrasting canopy openness. We also evaluated the potential for leaf-level physiological responses to light and soil moisture to reflect habitat suitability and influence performance. At landscape scales, light and soil moisture were not associated with P. integrilabia density or individual size. Across sites, measures of photosynthetic light response and water-use efficiency indicated that P. integrilabia can maximize photosynthetic efficiency and energy gain in contrasting light and soil moisture environments. Minimal associations of these measures with abiotic variations within sites suggested that the capacity for adjustments across small spatial and/or temporal scales may be limited. Preservation of existing habitats associated with viable P. integrilabia occurrences is warranted, but the leaf-level ecophysiology of this species indicates that its habitat suitability also could include more open and drier sites. For populations of P. integrilabia experiencing declines in habitats with recent disturbance, we suggest the possibility that well-managed modifications to canopy cover may be beneficial.
C1 [Boyd, Jennifer N.; Raymond, Gregory A.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA.
[Call, Geoff P.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, US Dept Interior, Tennessee Ecol Serv Field Off, 446 Neal St, Cookeville, TN 38501 USA.
[Pistrang, Mark J.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Cherokee Natl Forest, Cleveland, TN 37312 USA.
RP Boyd, JN (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biol Geol & Environm Sci, 615 McCallie Ave, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA.
EM jennifer-boyd@utc.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; University of Tennessee at Chattanooga
FX The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service provided the primary funding support
for this project. The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga provided
supplemental funding and logistical support. We thank Adam Dattilo, Tara
Littlefield, and Marie Tackett for orienting us to the study sites,
assisting us with site access permissions, and providing invaluable
information about our study species from their personnel experiences. We
also appreciate Matt Richards for sharing his experience with ongoing
species conservation efforts. The findings and conclusions in this
article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or the U.S. Forest Service.
NR 40
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1385-0237
EI 1573-5052
J9 PLANT ECOL
JI Plant Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 217
IS 10
BP 1259
EP 1272
DI 10.1007/s11258-016-0653-2
PG 14
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA DY6DX
UT WOS:000385197700008
ER
PT J
AU Tillman, FD
McCleskey, RB
Hermosillo, E
AF Tillman, Fred D.
McCleskey, R. Blaine
Hermosillo, Edyth
TI Investigation of Total and Hexavalent Chromium in Filtered and
Unfiltered Groundwater Samples at the Tucson International Airport
Superfund Site
SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Groundwater contamination; Hexavalent chromium; Wells; Water quality
AB Potential health effects from hexavalent chromium in groundwater have recently become a concern to regulators at the Tucson International Airport Area Superfund site. In 2016, the U.S. Geological Survey sampled 46 wells in the area to characterize the nature and extent of chromium in groundwater, to understand what proportion of total chromium is in the hexavalent state, and to determine if substantial differences are present between filtered and unfiltered chromium concentrations. Results indicate detectable chromium concentrations in all wells, over 75 % of total chromium is in the hexavalent state in a majority of wells, and filtered and unfiltered results differ substantially in only a few high-turbidity total chromium samples.
C1 [Tillman, Fred D.; Hermosillo, Edyth] US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[McCleskey, R. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 3215 Marine St, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Tillman, FD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Arizona Water Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM ftillman@usgs.gov
OI Tillman, Fred/0000-0002-2922-402X
FU U.S. Air Force Civil Engineering Center (AFCEC)
FX This study was funded by the U.S. Air Force Civil Engineering Center
(AFCEC) and we thank George Warner of AFCEC for his support. We also
thank Sarah Simmons of GHD, Richard Balmes of AECOM, and personnel from
Tucson Water including Chuck Faas, Mike Metzinger, Jalal Mahmoudi, Jerry
Heurstel, Brian West, Ricardo Garcia, and Jim Hoppe for their assistance
with well sampling.
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0007-4861
EI 1432-0800
J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX
JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 4
BP 543
EP 547
DI 10.1007/s00128-016-1882-8
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DW5RV
UT WOS:000383705500017
PM 27412339
ER
PT J
AU Juracek, KE
Drake, KD
AF Juracek, K. E.
Drake, K. D.
TI Mining-Related Sediment and Soil Contamination in a Large Superfund
Site: Characterization, Habitat Implications, and Remediation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Mining; Contamination; Sediment; Soil; Habitat; Remediation; Lead; Zinc
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; CLARK FORK RIVER; HEAVY-METALS; CHRONIC TOXICITY;
ZINC; LEAD; FLOODPLAIN; OKLAHOMA; CADMIUM; DISTRICT
AB Historical mining activity (1850-1970) in the now inactive Tri-State Mining District provided an ongoing source of lead and zinc to the environment including the US Environmental Protection Agency Superfund site located in Cherokee County, southeast Kansas, USA. The resultant contamination adversely affected biota and caused human health problems and risks. Remediation in the Superfund site requires an understanding of the magnitude and extent of contamination. To provide some of the required information, a series of sediment and soil investigations were conducted in and near the Superfund site to characterize lead and zinc contamination in the aquatic and floodplain environments along the main-stem Spring River and its major tributaries. In the Superfund site, the most pronounced lead and zinc contamination, with concentrations that far exceed sediment quality guidelines associated with potential adverse biological effects, was measured for streambed sediments and floodplain soils located within or downstream from the most intensive mining-affected areas. Tributary streambeds and floodplains in affected areas are heavily contaminated with some sites having lead and zinc concentrations that are an order of magnitude (or more) greater than the sediment quality guidelines. For the main-stem Spring River, the streambed is contaminated but the floodplain is mostly uncontaminated. Measured lead and zinc concentrations in streambed sediments, lakebed sediments, and floodplain soils documented a persistence of the post-mining contamination on a decadal timescale. These results provide a basis for the prioritization, development, and implementation of plans to remediate contamination in the affected aquatic and floodplain environments within the Superfund site.
C1 [Juracek, K. E.] US Geol Survey, 4821 Quail Crest Pl, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Drake, K. D.] Univ Missouri Kansas City, Dept Geosci, 420 Flarsheim Hall,5110 Rockhill Rd, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
RP Juracek, KE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4821 Quail Crest Pl, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
EM kjuracek@usgs.gov
FU Kansas Department of Health and Environment; U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX The sediment and soil contamination studies completed by the U.S.
Geological Survey were made possible, in part, by financial support
provided by the Kansas Department of Health and Environment, the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 78
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 58
IS 4
BP 721
EP 740
DI 10.1007/s00267-016-0729-8
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DX5KW
UT WOS:000384420900012
PM 27357805
ER
PT J
AU Aguirre, AA
Beasley, VR
Augspurger, T
Benson, WH
Whaley, J
Basu, N
AF Aguirre, A. Alonso
Beasley, Val R.
Augspurger, Tom
Benson, William H.
Whaley, Janet
Basu, Niladri
TI One healthTransdisciplinary opportunities for SETAC leadership in
integrating and improving the health of people, animals, and the
environment
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE Animal; Ecotoxicology; One Health; Human health; Public health;
Ecosystem; Review; Institutions
ID ECOSYSTEMS; WILDLIFE; DISEASE
AB One Health is a collaborative, transdisciplinary effort working locally, nationally, and globally to improve health for people, animals, plants, and the environment. The term is relatively new (from approximate to 2003), and it is increasingly common to see One Health included by name in interinstitutional research partnerships, conferences, communications, and organizational frameworks, particularly those championed by the human health and veterinary medical communities. Environmental quality is arguably the least developed component within the One Health framework, but can be guided by expertise within the Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (SETAC). Despite SETAC's long history of tripartite (academic, government, business) interdisciplinary environmental science activities, the term One Health is seldom used in SETAC communications (i.e., many of SETAC's activities are guided by One Health, but it is called by other names in SETAC's journals, newsletters, and presentations). Accordingly, the objective of this Focus article is to introduce the One Health concept to the SETAC membership. The article discusses the origins, evolution, and utility of the One Health approach as an organizational framework and provides key examples of ways in which SETAC expertise can benefit the One Health community. The authors assert that One Health needs SETAC and, to be most effective, SETAC needs One Health. Given that One Health to date has focused too little on the environment, on ecosystems, and on contaminants, SETAC's constructive involvement in One Health presents an opportunity to accelerate actions that will ultimately better protect human and ecosystem health. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2383-2391. (c) 2016 SETAC
C1 [Aguirre, A. Alonso] George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
[Beasley, Val R.] Penn State Univ, Dept Vet & Biomed Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Augspurger, Tom] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Benson, William H.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Whaley, Janet] Exponent, Ecol & Biol Sci Practice, Alexandria, VA USA.
[Basu, Niladri] McGill Univ, Fac Agr & Environm Sci, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
RP Aguirre, AA (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM aaguirr3@gmu.edu
OI Basu, Niladri/0000-0002-2695-1037
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 10
BP 2383
EP 2391
DI 10.1002/etc.3557
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DY0UD
UT WOS:000384810800001
PM 27717067
ER
PT J
AU Davis, JM
Ekman, DR
Teng, Q
Ankley, GT
Berninger, JP
Cavallin, JE
Jensen, KM
Kahl, MD
Schroeder, AL
Villeneuve, DL
Jorgenson, ZG
Lee, KE
Collette, TW
AF Davis, John M.
Ekman, Drew R.
Teng, Quincy
Ankley, Gerald T.
Berninger, Jason P.
Cavallin, Jenna E.
Jensen, Kathleen M.
Kahl, Michael D.
Schroeder, Anthony L.
Villeneuve, Daniel L.
Jorgenson, Zachary G.
Lee, Kathy E.
Collette, Timothy W.
TI Linking field-based metabolomics and chemical analyses to prioritize
contaminants of emerging concern in the Great Lakes basin
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Metabolomics; Fathead minnow; Contaminant; Screening; Great Lakes
ID MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; WASTE-WATER; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; SURFACE
WATERS; IN-VITRO; PHARMACEUTICALS; METABOLITES; BIOMARKERS; RESPONSES;
EXPOSURE
AB The ability to focus on the most biologically relevant contaminants affecting aquatic ecosystems can be challenging because toxicity-assessment programs have not kept pace with the growing number of contaminants requiring testing. Because it has proven effective at assessing the biological impacts of potentially toxic contaminants, profiling of endogenous metabolites (metabolomics) may help screen out contaminants with a lower likelihood of eliciting biological impacts, thereby prioritizing the most biologically important contaminants. The authors present results from a study that utilized cage-deployed fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) at 18 sites across the Great Lakes basin. They measured water temperature and contaminant concentrations in water samples (132 contaminants targeted, 86 detected) and used H-1-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to measure endogenous metabolites in polar extracts of livers. They used partial least-squares regression to compare relative abundances of endogenous metabolites with contaminant concentrations and temperature. The results indicated that profiles of endogenous polar metabolites covaried with at most 49 contaminants. The authors identified up to 52% of detected contaminants as not significantly covarying with changes in endogenous metabolites, suggesting they likely were not eliciting measurable impacts at these sites. This represents a first step in screening for the biological relevance of detected contaminants by shortening lists of contaminants potentially affecting these sites. Such information may allow risk assessors to prioritize contaminants and focus toxicity testing on the most biologically relevant contaminants. Environ Toxicol Chem 2016;35:2493-2502. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC. This article is a US Government work and, as such, is in the public domain in the United States of America.
C1 [Davis, John M.; Ekman, Drew R.; Teng, Quincy; Collette, Timothy W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA.
[Ankley, Gerald T.; Berninger, Jason P.; Cavallin, Jenna E.; Jensen, Kathleen M.; Kahl, Michael D.; Schroeder, Anthony L.; Villeneuve, Daniel L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Duluth, MN USA.
[Jorgenson, Zachary G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ecol Serv, Bloomington, MN USA.
[Lee, Kathy E.] US Geol Survey, Minnesota Water Sci Ctr, Grand Rapids, MI USA.
RP Davis, JM; Collette, TW (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA.
EM Davis.John@epa.gov; Collette.Tim@epa.gov
FU Great Lakes National Program Office; US Department of Energy; USEPA; Oak
Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship
FX We thank J. Banda, S. Choy, E. Durhan, D. Gefell, C. LaLone, S. Langer,
E. Makynen, M. Menheer, J. Moore, M. Pearson, M. Severson, and K.
Stevens for technical assistance and T. Smith for research support. M.
Berntsson and L. Eriksson (Umetrics) and S. Wenger provided guidance on
statistical analyses. J.M. Davis was supported by the Great Lakes
National Program Office and an appointment to the Postdoctoral Research
Program at the National Exposure Research Laboratory, administered by
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through interagency
agreement between the US Department of Energy and the USEPA. J.E.
Cavallin was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and
Education fellowship.
NR 44
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U1 16
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 10
BP 2493
EP 2502
DI 10.1002/etc.3409
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DY0UD
UT WOS:000384810800016
PM 27027868
ER
PT J
AU Miranda, LE
AF Miranda, L. E.
TI Fishes in Paleochannels of the Lower Mississippi River Alluvial Valley:
A National Treasure
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; FLOODPLAIN LAKES; OXBOW LAKES; ASSEMBLAGES;
CONNECTIVITY; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES; EVOLUTION; RESPONSES; VALUES
C1 [Miranda, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP Miranda, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM smiranda@usgs.gov
FU Vicksburg District of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Mississippi
State University, Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and
Parks; U.S. Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by the Vicksburg District of the U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers through J. Killgore, by Mississippi State University,
Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks, and by the U.S.
Geological Survey.
NR 49
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Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 10
BP 578
EP 588
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DX9BU
UT WOS:000384689100008
ER
PT J
AU Stoller, J
Hayes, D
Murry, B
AF Stoller, J.
Hayes, D.
Murry, B.
TI Effects of a rock-ramp fishway on summer fish assemblage in a Lake Huron
tributary
SO FISHERIES MANAGEMENT AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ecosystem connectivity; fish passage; relative abundance; species
richness; stream fishes
ID STRONACH DAM REMOVAL; TROUT SALMO-TRUTTA; TECHNICAL FISHWAYS; PINE
RIVER; STREAM; PASSAGE; COMMUNITIES; CONNECTIVITY; TEMPERATURE; MICHIGAN
AB The use of nature-like fishways to increase ecosystem connectivity has increased in recent years, but their effectiveness has rarely been evaluated. A rock ramp was constructed in the Shiawassee River in 2009, and post-construction effects (2011-2012) were evaluated on the summer fish assemblage by comparing fish assemblage composition to a nearby free-flowing river and a nearby river with a dam. Patterns of fish species richness, mean catch-per-unit-effort and proportional abundance in reaches upstream and downstream of the rock ramp, dam and comparable sites in the free-flowing river were evaluated. Overall, species richness by site and proportional abundance in the rock-ramp river were more similar to the free-flowing river, while species richness by reach was more similar to the dammed river. These findings suggest that the rock ramp has improved connectivity for the summer fish assemblage, but has not fully restored conditions to the level observed in a free-flowing river.
C1 [Stoller, J.; Hayes, D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Inst Great Lakes Res, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Stoller, J.] Nevada Dept Wildlife, 60 Youth Ctr Rd, Elko, NV USA.
[Murry, B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Caribbean Landscape Conservat Cooperat, San Juan, PR USA.
RP Stoller, J (reprint author), Nevada Dept Wildlife, 60 Youth Ctr Rd, Elko, NV USA.
EM jstoller@ndow.org
FU Great Lakes Fishery Trust; Saginaw Bay Watershed Initiative Network; US
Fish and Wildlife Service; Central Michigan University; Michigan State
University
FX This work was primarily funded through a grant from the Great Lakes
Fishery Trust with additional support from the Saginaw Bay Watershed
Initiative Network and the US Fish and Wildlife Service (the findings
and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service)
and matching funds from Central Michigan University and Michigan State
University. We wish to thank several project collaborators without whom
this work could not have been completed: Tracy Galarowicz, Melvin Haas,
Clarence Fullard and Gabriel Madel would additionally thank Brian Roth
for helpful comments on earlier drafts, Daelyn Woolnough for creating
maps and many other people who volunteered in the field. We also worked
closely with Joseph Leonardi from the Michigan Department of Nature
Resources and Andrea Ania, Justin Chiotti, Joseph Gerbyshak and James
Boase from the US Fish and Wildlife Service, and we thank them for their
logical support and many conversations that enhanced our project.
NR 44
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U1 14
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0969-997X
EI 1365-2400
J9 FISHERIES MANAG ECOL
JI Fisheries Manag. Ecol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 23
IS 5
BP 407
EP 417
DI 10.1111/fme.12183
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DX8WQ
UT WOS:000384672400007
ER
PT J
AU Klein, ER
Harris, RB
Fisher, RN
Reeder, TW
AF Klein, Elaine R.
Harris, Rebecca B.
Fisher, Robert N.
Reeder, Tod W.
TI Biogeographical history and coalescent species delimitation of Pacific
island skinks (Squamata: Scincidae: Emoia cyanura species group)
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE BioGeoBEARS; coalescent species delimitation; dispersal; divergence
dating; Emoia; Pacific islands; phylogenetics; Scincidae
ID MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; DISPERSAL; LIZARDS;
ORIGIN; POPULATION; LACERTILIA; REPTILIA; EXAMPLE; MODEL
AB AimA prevailing hypothesis for how Pacific islands organisms have obtained their extant distributions is that of a stepping-stone model, in which populations originate from Papua New Guinea in the western Pacific and gradually disperse eastward. Here, we test this model using a spatiotemporal framework for Emoia cyanura and E. impar, two species within the Emoia cyanura species group (ECSG; Family: Scincidae). We further assess species limits within the group, utilizing novel coalescent methods.
LocationPacific Islands.
MethodsWe obtained DNA sequence data from one mitochondrial and three nuclear markers for 117 individuals, representing seven of the nine species within the ECSG. These data were analysed for concordance with the stepping-stone model using estimation of population structure, divergence dates, and historical biogeographical range. To assess hypotheses of independent lineages within each widespread species, we also employed the Bayesian Phylogenetics & Phylogeography (BPP) program to define operational taxonomic units in *BEAST.
ResultsPopulation structure analyses consistently found individuals from western island groups representing divergent populations, with central and eastern populations demonstrating minimal genetic variation. Phylogenetic hypotheses support a western origin for E. cyanura and E. impar, while biogeographical and divergence time estimations predict a recent and rapid expansion out of the western Pacific. The BPP and *BEAST analyses found evidence for five independent lineages within E. impar and five independent lineages within E. cyanura/E. pseudocyanura.
Main conclusionsIn contrast to the expectations of a stepping-stone model, E. cyanura and E. impar each exhibit the genetic signature of a rapid radiation during the mid to late Pleistocene, with evidence for newly identified lineages, mainly on western islands. Of these recovered lineages, we propose three to be elevated to species status. These findings expand our understanding of endemic Pacific biota, which are subject to conservation threats from human impacts and climate change.
C1 [Klein, Elaine R.] Univ Washington, Coll Educ, 1100 NE 45th St,Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Harris, Rebecca B.] Univ Washington, Dept Biol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Fisher, Robert N.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Diego Field Stn, San Diego, CA USA.
[Reeder, Tod W.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Klein, ER (reprint author), Univ Washington, Coll Educ, 1100 NE 45th St,Suite 200, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
EM erklein@uw.edu
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-0718124];
American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists' Gaige Award;
Sigma Xi; Association for Women in Science San Diego
FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate
Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-0718124, the American Society of
Ichthyologists and Herpetologists' Gaige Award, Sigma Xi's
Grants-in-Aid-of Research Program, and a scholarship from the
Association for Women in Science San Diego.
NR 72
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Z9 0
U1 18
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0305-0270
EI 1365-2699
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 10
BP 1917
EP 1929
DI 10.1111/jbi.12772
PG 13
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA DY0FO
UT WOS:000384772900003
ER
PT J
AU Beissinger, SR
Iknayan, KJ
Guillera-Arroita, G
Zipkin, EF
Dorazio, RM
Royle, JA
Kery, M
AF Beissinger, Steven R.
Iknayan, Kelly J.
Guillera-Arroita, Gurutzeta
Zipkin, Elise F.
Dorazio, Robert M.
Royle, J. Andrew
Kery, Marc
TI Incorporating Imperfect Detection into Joint Models of Communities: A
response to Warton et al.
SO TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Letter
ID SPECIES-DIVERSITY; SIZE
C1 [Beissinger, Steven R.; Iknayan, Kelly J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Beissinger, Steven R.; Iknayan, Kelly J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Guillera-Arroita, Gurutzeta] Univ Melbourne, Sch Biosci, Parkville, Vic, Australia.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol & Ecol, Evolutionary Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Zipkin, Elise F.] Michigan State Univ, Behav Program, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Dorazio, Robert M.] USGS, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Royle, J. Andrew] USGS, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD USA.
[Kery, Marc] Swiss Ornithol Inst, Sempach, Switzerland.
RP Beissinger, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Beissinger, SR (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM bels@berkeley.edu
NR 12
TC 1
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U1 19
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON
PI LONDON
PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND
SN 0169-5347
J9 TRENDS ECOL EVOL
JI Trends Ecol. Evol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 10
BP 736
EP 737
DI 10.1016/j.tree.2016.07.009
PG 2
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA DY1LL
UT WOS:000384856400001
PM 27527258
ER
PT J
AU Tavernia, BG
Lyons, JE
Loges, BW
Wilson, A
Collazo, JA
Runge, MC
AF Tavernia, Brian G.
Lyons, James E.
Loges, Brian W.
Wilson, Andrew
Collazo, Jaime A.
Runge, Michael C.
TI An evaluation of rapid methods for monitoring vegetation characteristics
of wetland bird habitat
SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat management; Monitoring; Observer effects; Visual estimates;
Wetland management
ID PLANT COVER; ABUNDANCE; CALIFORNIA
AB Wetland managers benefit from monitoring data of sufficient precision and accuracy to assess wildlife habitat conditions and to evaluate and learn from past management decisions. For large-scale monitoring programs focused on waterbirds (waterfowl, wading birds, secretive marsh birds, and shorebirds), precision and accuracy of habitat measurements must be balanced with fiscal and logistic constraints. We evaluated a set of protocols for rapid, visual estimates of key waterbird habitat characteristics made from the wetland perimeter against estimates from (1) plots sampled within wetlands, and (2) cover maps made from aerial photographs. Estimated percent cover of annuals and perennials using a perimeter-based protocol fell within 10 percent of plot-based estimates, and percent cover estimates for seven vegetation height classes were within 20 % of plot-based estimates. Perimeter-based estimates of total emergent vegetation cover did not differ significantly from cover map estimates. Post-hoc analyses revealed evidence for observer effects in estimates of annual and perennial covers and vegetation height. Median time required to complete perimeter-based methods was less than 7 percent of the time needed for intensive plot-based methods. Our results show that rapid, perimeter-based assessments, which increase sample size and efficiency, provide vegetation estimates comparable to more intensive methods.
C1 [Tavernia, Brian G.; Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Lyons, James E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Loges, Brian W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Brussels, IL 62013 USA.
[Wilson, Andrew] Gettysburg Coll, Dept Environm Studies, Gettysburg, PA 17325 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] North Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27965 USA.
[Tavernia, Brian G.] Nature Conservancy, Colorado Field Off, 2424 Spruce St, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
RP Tavernia, BG (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, Colorado Field Off, 2424 Spruce St, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
EM brian.tavernia@tnc.org
FU National Wildlife Refuge System; Migratory Bird Program of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service
FX Funding was provided by the National Wildlife Refuge System and the
Migratory Bird Program of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-4861
EI 1572-9834
J9 WETL ECOL MANAG
JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 5
BP 495
EP 505
DI 10.1007/s11273-015-9476-5
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DX7FU
UT WOS:000384552800001
ER
PT J
AU Lyons, JE
Collazo, JA
Herring, G
AF Lyons, James E.
Collazo, Jaime A.
Herring, Garth
TI Testing assumptions for conservation of migratory shorebirds and coastal
managed wetlands
SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Benthic invertebrates; Bird migration; Food availability; Impoundment;
Prey depletion; South Carolina
ID HABITAT; VALLEY; AVAILABILITY; INVERTEBRATE; WATERBIRDS; RESPONSES;
BENTHOS; BIRDS
AB Managed wetlands provide critical foraging and roosting habitats for shorebirds during migration; therefore, ensuring their availability is a priority action in shorebird conservation plans. Contemporary shorebird conservation plans rely on a number of assumptions about shorebird prey resources and migratory behavior to determine stopover habitat requirements. For example, the US Shorebird Conservation Plan for the Southeast-Caribbean region assumes that average benthic invertebrate biomass in foraging habitats is 2.4 g dry mass m(-2) and that the dominant prey item of shorebirds in the region is Chironomid larvae. For effective conservation and management, it is important to test working assumptions and update predictive models that are used to estimate habitat requirements. We surveyed migratory shorebirds and sampled the benthic invertebrate community in coastal managed wetlands of South Carolina. We sampled invertebrates at three points in time representing early, middle, and late stages of spring migration, and concurrently surveyed shorebird stopover populations at approximately 7-day intervals throughout migration. We used analysis of variance by ranks to test for temporal variation in invertebrate biomass and density, and we used a model based approach (linear mixed model and Monte Carlo simulation) to estimate mean biomass and density. There was little evidence of a temporal variation in biomass or density during the course of spring shorebird migration, suggesting that shorebirds did not deplete invertebrate prey resources at our site. Estimated biomass was 1.47 g dry mass m(-2) (95 % credible interval 0.13-3.55), approximately 39 % lower than values used in the regional shorebird conservation plan. An additional 4728 ha (a 63 % increase) would be required if habitat objectives were derived from biomass levels observed in our study. Polychaetes, especially Laeonereis culveri (2569 individuals m(-2)), were the most abundant prey in foraging habitats at our site. Polychaetes have lower caloric content than levels assumed in the regional plan; when lower caloric content and lower biomass levels are used to determine habitat objectives, an additional 6395 ha would be required (86 % increase). Shorebird conservation and management plans would benefit from considering the uncertainty in parameters used to derive habitat objectives, especially biomass and caloric content of prey resources. Iterative testing of models that are specific to the planning region will provide rapid advances for management and conservation of migratory shorebirds and coastal managed wetlands.
C1 [Lyons, James E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.; Herring, Garth] North Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Herring, Garth] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Lyons, JE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 11510 Amer Holly Dr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM james_lyons@fws.gov
FU US Geological Survey Species at Risk Program
FX A. Brees, F. Collazo, and J. Perkins provided expert assistance in the
field. We thank R. Joyner, Center Manager, and the staff of the Tom
Yawkey Wildlife Center for logistic support. Funding was provided by the
US Geological Survey Species at Risk Program. B. Andres and two
anonymous referees provided helpful comments on the manuscript. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0923-4861
EI 1572-9834
J9 WETL ECOL MANAG
JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 5
BP 507
EP 520
DI 10.1007/s11273-015-9477-4
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DX7FU
UT WOS:000384552800002
ER
PT J
AU Wiltermuth, MT
Anteau, MJ
AF Wiltermuth, Mark T.
Anteau, Michael J.
TI Is consolidation drainage an indirect mechanism for increased abundance
of cattail in northern prairie wetlands?
SO WETLANDS ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquatic birds; Consolidation drainage; Habitat alteration; Invasive
species; Land-use change; Watershed management; Wetland succession
ID SEDIMENT LOAD; SEED BANKS; WATER LEVELS; LAND-USE; VEGETATION; TYPHA;
MARSH; INVASIVENESS; EMERGENCE; DYNAMICS
AB In the Prairie Pothole Region of North America, disturbances to wetlands that disrupt water-level fluctuations in response to wet-dry climatic conditions have the potential to alter natural vegetative communities in favor of species that proliferate in stable environments, such as cattail (Typha spp.). We evaluated the effect of water-level dynamics during a recent fluctuation in wet-dry conditions on cattail coverage within semipermanently and permanently ponded wetlands situated in watersheds with different land use and amounts of wetland drainage. We found that ponded water depth increase was significantly greater in wetlands where water levels were not near the spill point of the topographic basin, where banks were steeper, and in larger wetlands where past dry conditions had less influence on change in pond area. Proportion of the wetland covered by cattail was negatively correlated with increased water depth, bank slope and pond area. Our observations provide evidence that cattail coverage in prairie wetlands is regulated by water-level fluctuations and that land use surrounding the wetland might have an indirect effect on cattail coverage by altering water-level response to wet-dry climate conditions. For example, drainage of smaller wetlands into larger wetlands that are characterized by more permanent hydroperiods, leads to stabilized water levels near their spill point and is therefore a potential mechanism for increased cattail abundance in the northern prairie region.
C1 [Wiltermuth, Mark T.; Anteau, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Wiltermuth, Mark T.] North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND 58102 USA.
RP Wiltermuth, MT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM mwiltermuth@usgs.gov
OI Wiltermuth, Mark/0000-0002-8871-2816
FU North Dakota Department of Game and Fish-through the State Wildlife
Grant; Plains and Prairie Pothole Landscape Cooperative, Ducks
Unlimited-Great Plains Regional Office; Dr. Bruce D. J. Batt Fellowship
in Waterfowl Conservation - Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research
of Ducks Unlimited Canada; North Dakota State University; U.S.
Geological Survey
FX Funding for this research was provided by: North Dakota Department of
Game and Fish-through the State Wildlife Grant; Plains and Prairie
Pothole Landscape Cooperative, Ducks Unlimited-Great Plains Regional
Office, Dr. Bruce D. J. Batt Fellowship in Waterfowl Conservation
granted by the Institute for Wetland and Waterfowl Research of Ducks
Unlimited Canada, North Dakota State University, and the U.S. Geological
Survey. We thankJ. Bivens, J. Coulter, A. Lawton, L. McCauley, J.
McClinton, P. Mockus, S. Paycer, J. H. Pridgen, A. Smith, N. Smith,
andM. M. Weegman for assisting with wetland surveys, or GIS work. We
also thank U.S. Fish and Wildlife service Refuge system and Water
Management Districts in North Dakota for logistical support, as well as
numerous private landowners. We appreciate the helpful comments provided
on previous versions of this manuscript provided by M.G. Butler, M.E.
Clark, E.S. DeKeyser, R.G. Finocchiaro, and two anonymous reviewers. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 0923-4861
EI 1572-9834
J9 WETL ECOL MANAG
JI Wetl. Ecol. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 5
BP 533
EP 544
DI 10.1007/s11273-016-9485-z
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DX7FU
UT WOS:000384552800004
ER
PT J
AU Statham, MJ
Aamoth, S
Barthman-Thompson, L
Estrella, S
Fresquez, S
Hernandez, LD
Tertes, R
Sacks, BN
AF Statham, M. J.
Aamoth, S.
Barthman-Thompson, L.
Estrella, S.
Fresquez, S.
Hernandez, L. D.
Tertes, R.
Sacks, B. N.
TI Conservation genetics of the endangered San Francisco Bay endemic salt
marsh harvest mouse (Reithrodontomys raviventris)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Field identification; Management; Morphology; Population subdivision;
Species identification; Subspecies
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; POPULATION-GENETICS; SEQUENCE DATA;
MITOCHONDRIAL; MICE; HYPOTHESIS; INFERENCE; UNITS; LOCI
AB The salt marsh harvest mouse (SMHM, Reithrodontomys raviventris) is an endangered species endemic to the San Francisco Bay region of California, USA, where habitat loss and fragmentation over the past century have reduced the mouse's distribution to < 25 % of its historical range. To aid in conservation prioritization, we first investigated the possibility of hybridization with the morphologically similar western harvest mouse (WHM, R. megalotis) in areas of sympatry and developed genetic tools to differentiate the two species. We then investigated the phylogeography and genetic structure of the SMHM, including support for currently recognized SMHM subspecies designations. Lastly, we evaluated the morphological criteria currently used for the identification of species in the field. Analyses using mtDNA cytochrome b sequences and 11 microsatellites from 142 mice indicated complete and substantial separation of the SMHM and WHM, with no evidence of hybridization. These genetic markers as well as the mtDNA control region also identified a deep genetic division within the SMHM concordant with the current subspecies designations, R. r. raviventris and R. r. halicoetes. We identified the lowest genetic diversity within the southern subspecies, which inhabits a much reduced and highly fragmented portion of the species range. Morphological field identification of harvest mouse species was more successful at identifying SMHM (92 %) than WHM (44 %), with a large portion of WHM being incorrectly identified as SMHM. Field identification of harvest mouse species in the range of the southern SMHM subspecies was just above 50 %, indicating that current methods for morphological differentiation of species in that area are insufficient. Our confirmation of genetically distinct SMHM subspecies highlights the importance of determining the status and genetic composition of relict populations in the remaining patches of marshland in the central San Francisco Bay where the two subspecies may occur, as well as developing better tools for the discrimination of species, particularly in the range of the southern subspecies.
C1 [Statham, M. J.; Aamoth, S.; Fresquez, S.; Hernandez, L. D.; Sacks, B. N.] Univ Calif Davis, Vet Genet Lab, Mammalian Ecol & Conservat Unit, One Shields Ave,Old Davis Rd, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Barthman-Thompson, L.; Estrella, S.; Fresquez, S.; Hernandez, L. D.] Calif Dept Fish & Wildlife, Suisun Marsh Unit, Bay Delta Reg, 2109 Arch Airport Rd, Stockton, CA 95206 USA.
[Tertes, R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Don Edwards San Francisco Bay Natl Wildlife Refug, One Marshlands Rd, Fremont, CA 94555 USA.
[Sacks, B. N.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth & Reprod, One Shields Ave,Old Davis Rd, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Statham, MJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Vet Genet Lab, Mammalian Ecol & Conservat Unit, One Shields Ave,Old Davis Rd, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM Statham@ucdavis.edu
FU California Department of Fish and Wildlife Grant [P1282009]; Veterinary
Genetics Laboratory at UC Davis; DWR; UC Davis
FX The primary funding for this research came from California Department of
Fish and Wildlife Grant (P1282009). Additional funding came from the
Veterinary Genetics Laboratory at UC Davis. Thank you for to Bill
Burkhard (DWR), Peter Moyle (UC Davis) for provision of student funding.
SMHM survey cooperators include Karen Taylor (DFW Napa/Sonoma Wildlife
Area), Stacy Martinelli (DFW, Fagen Marsh), John Krause (DFW, Eden
Landing Ecological Reserve), USFWS staff Joy Albertson (Don Edwards SFB
NWR), Meg Marriott (USFWS, San Pablo Bay NWR), and Isa Woo (USGS, San
Pablo Bay). Thank you to Natalie Goddard, Michelle Holtz, and Sini
Reponen for their help in the field and laboratory. Thank you to two
anonymous reviewers whose comments and suggestions improved the quality
of this paper.
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SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 5
BP 1055
EP 1066
DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0843-4
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA DV4ZK
UT WOS:000382934400006
ER
PT J
AU Galindo, R
Wilson, WD
Caldwell, CA
AF Galindo, Rene
Wilson, Wade D.
Caldwell, Colleen A.
TI Geographic distribution of genetic diversity in populations of Rio
Grande Chub Gila pandora
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Gila pandora; Southwestern United States; Native Fish; Arid lands;
Connectivity
ID LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; RE-IMPLEMENTATION; 50/500 RULE; SIZE; SOFTWARE;
PERSISTENCE; FRAGMENTATION; CONSERVATION; GENERATIONS; PLEBEIUS
AB In the southwestern United States (US), the Rio Grande chub (Gila pandora) is state-listed as a fish species of greatest conservation need and federally listed as sensitive due to habitat alterations and competition with non-native fishes. Characterizing genetic diversity, genetic population structure, and effective number of breeders will assist with conservation efforts by providing a baseline of genetic metrics. Genetic relatedness within and among G. pandora populations throughout New Mexico was characterized using 11 microsatellite loci among 15 populations in three drainage basins (Rio Grande, Pecos, Canadian). Observed heterozygosity (H-O) ranged from 0.71-0.87 and was similar to expected heterozygosity (0.75-0.87). Rio Ojo Caliente (Rio Grande) had the highest allelic richness (A(R) = 15.09), while Upper Rio Bonito (Pecos) had the lowest allelic richness (A(R) = 6.75). Genetic differentiation existed among all populations with the lowest genetic variation occurring within the Pecos drainage. STRUCTURE analysis revealed seven genetic clusters. Populations of G. pandora within the upper Rio Grande drainage (Rio Ojo Caliente, Rio Vallecitos, Rio Pueblo de Taos) had high levels of admixture with Q-values ranging from 0.30-0.50. In contrast, populations within the Pecos drainage (Pecos River and Upper Rio Bonito) had low levels of admixture (Q = 0.94 and 0.87, respectively). Estimates of effective number of breeders (N (b) ) varied from 6.1 (Pecos: Upper Rio Bonito) to 109.7 (Rio Grande: Rio Peasco) indicating that populations in the Pecos drainage are at risk of extirpation. In the event that management actions are deemed necessary to preserve or increase genetic diversity of G. pandora, consideration must be given as to which populations are selected for translocation.
C1 [Galindo, Rene] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, 2980 South Espina St, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Wilson, Wade D.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Southwestern Native Aquat Resources & Recovery Ct, 7116 Hatchery Rd, Dexter, NM 88230 USA.
[Caldwell, Colleen A.] US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 2980 South Espina St, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Caldwell, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 2980 South Espina St, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM ccaldwel@nmsu.edu
FU United States (US) Forest Service-Santa Fe National Forest [IAG
09-IA-11031000-008]; US Bureau of Land Management [L09PG00403]; New
Mexico Department of Game and Fish-Share with Wildlife Program;
Department of Fish, Wildlife and Conservation Ecology at New Mexico
State University
FX Support was provided by the United States (US) Forest Service-Santa Fe
National Forest (C. Cook) (IAG 09-IA-11031000-008), the US Bureau of
Land Management (G. Gustina) (No. L09PG00403), and New Mexico Department
of Game and Fish-Share with Wildlife Program. Field support was provided
by R. Hansen of New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, M. Zeigler and
S. Hall of New Mexico State University, Department of Fish, Wildlife and
Conservation Ecology. Laboratory support was provided by R. Martin and
M. Robinson, US Southwestern Aquatic Resources and Recovery Center.
Additional support was provided by the Department of Fish, Wildlife and
Conservation Ecology at New Mexico State University. This manuscript was
substantially improved by comments from M. McPhee, R. Martin, M.
Robinson, and T. Diver. Field collections were allowed under New Mexico
Department of Game and Fish Authorization for Taking Protected Wildlife
for Scientific and Educational Purposes Permit 3033 and New Mexico State
University Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol
2011-003. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United States
Government.
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PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 5
BP 1081
EP 1091
DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0845-2
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA DV4ZK
UT WOS:000382934400008
ER
PT J
AU Lane, TW
Hallerman, EM
Jones, JW
AF Lane, Timothy W.
Hallerman, E. M.
Jones, J. W.
TI Phylogenetic and taxonomic assessment of the endangered Cumberland bean,
Villosa trabalis and purple bean, Villosa perpurpurea (Bivalvia:
Unionidae)
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Freshwater mussels; Mitochondrial ND1; Nacre color; Mantle lure; Species
recovery plan
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; EPIOBLASMA-FLORENTINA-WALKERI; TOTAL CAROTENOID
CONTENT; COLOR PEARL MUSSEL; HYRIOPSIS-CUMINGII; GENE; SHELL; DNA;
CAPSAEFORMIS; PLEISTOCENE
AB Inadequate understanding of the phylogeography, taxonomy, and historical distribution of two critically imperiled freshwater mussels, Cumberland bean, Villosa trabalis, and purple bean, Villosa perpurpurea, has hindered management and recovery actions related to population restoration within their extant ranges. For more than 100 years, the purple-to-pink nacre of V. perpurpurea and white nacre of V. trabalis have been the only defining phenotypic characteristics used to distinguish each species. Genetic samples were analyzed from 140 individuals collected from 10 streams located in Virginia, Tennessee, and Kentucky, representing all known extant populations of each species. A 784-bp section of the mitochondrial DNA ND1 region was sequenced to assess the phylogeography and taxonomic validity of these taxa. Results of our phylogenetic analyses showed 100 % Bayesian posterior support for two distinct clades, one occurring in the Cumberland River basin and the other in the Tennessee River basin, separated by a mean genetic distance of 4 %. Mean genetic distances between haplotypes within each clade was < 1 %. Among individuals from the Cumberland River basin, the nacre of shells was white to bluish-white, but in the Tennessee River basin, nacre graded from white to pink to dark purple; thus, nacre color is a variable and inconsistent character in nominal V. trabalis and V. perpurpurea occurring in the Tennessee River basin. Our data suggest that these morphologically similar species do not co-occur, as was previously believed. Instead, we conclude that the two species most likely share a common ancestor, but became isolated within each basin and experienced allopatric speciation. Updates to nomenclature, taxonomic placement, and recovery plans for the investigated species are needed.
C1 [Lane, Timothy W.; Hallerman, E. M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Jones, J. W.] Virginia Tech, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Lane, TW (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM twln@vt.edu
OI Lane, Timothy/0000-0003-4802-3749
FU Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries (VDGIF); U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS); USFWS through a Rachel Carson Excellence in
Science Award; Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station; Hatch Program
of the National Institute of Food and Agriculture; U.S. Department of
Agriculture
FX We thank Brian Watson with the Virginia Department of Game and Inland
Fisheries (VDGIF) and Brian Evans with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS) for funding our research. Additional funding was
provided by USFWS through a Rachel Carson Excellence in Science Award to
JWJ. Funding for EMH's participation in this work was provided in part
by the Virginia Agricultural Experiment Station and the Hatch Program of
the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, U.S. Department of
Agriculture. We thank Don Hubbs and colleagues, Tennessee Wildlife
Resources Agency; Gerald Dinkins and Hugh Faust, Dinkins Biological
Consulting, LLC; Dr. Braven Beaty and Brett Ostby, Daguna, LLC; Megan
Bradley and colleagues, VDGIF; Brian Evans and Shane Hanlon, USFWS, for
assistance in collecting mussel tissue samples. We thank Pearce Cooper,
Andrew Phipps, Caleb Price, and Daniel Schilling (Virginia Tech) for
assisting with field collections and laboratory analyses. We thank Dr.
Monte McGregor (Kentucky Department of Fish and Wildlife Resources) and
Todd Fobian (Alabama Department of Conservation and Natural Resources)
for collaboration with mantle lure photography and access to tissue
samples from preserved specimens. We thank Dr. Arthur Bogan and
colleagues (North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences) for access to
preserved specimens. We are grateful to Bob Butler, USFWS for providing
useful comments on a previous draft. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the Commonwealth of Virginia or U.S. Government. The findings and
conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not
necessarily represent the views of the USFWS.
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EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 5
BP 1109
EP 1124
DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0847-0
PG 16
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA DV4ZK
UT WOS:000382934400010
ER
PT J
AU Ochoa, A
Wells, SA
West, G
Al-Smadi, M
Redondo, SA
Sexton, SR
Culver, M
AF Ochoa, Alexander
Wells, Stuart A.
West, Gary
Al-Smadi, Ma'en
Redondo, Sergio A.
Sexton, Sydnee R.
Culver, Melanie
TI Can captive populations function as sources of genetic variation for
reintroductions into the wild? A case study of the Arabian oryx from the
Phoenix Zoo and the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve, Jordan
SO CONSERVATION GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Translocations; Admixture; mtDNA control region; Microsatellites;
Population viability analysis; Oryx leucoryx
ID MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; OUTBREEDING DEPRESSION; INBREEDING DEPRESSION;
CONSERVATION GENETICS; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; ALLELE FREQUENCIES;
DIVERSITY; MANAGEMENT; SOFTWARE; GENOMICS
AB The Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) historically ranged across the Arabian Peninsula and neighboring countries until its extirpation in 1972. In 1963-1964 a captive breeding program for this species was started at the Phoenix Zoo (PHX); it ultimately consisted of 11 animals that became known as the 'World Herd'. In 1978-1979 a wild population was established at the Shaumari Wildlife Reserve (SWR), Jordan, with eight descendants from the World Herd and three individuals from Qatar. We described the mtDNA and nuclear genetic diversity and structure of PHX and SWR. We also determined the long-term demographic and genetic viability of these populations under different reciprocal translocation scenarios. PHX displayed a greater number of mtDNA haplotypes (n = 4) than SWR (n = 2). Additionally, PHX and SWR presented nuclear genetic diversities of = 2.88 vs. 2.75, = 0.469 vs. 0.387, and = 0.501 vs. 0.421, respectively. Although these populations showed no signs of inbreeding ( ae 0), they were highly differentiated ( = 0.580; P < 0.001). Migration between PHX and SWR (Nm = 1, 4, and 8 individuals/generation) increased their genetic diversity in the short-term and substantially reduced the probability of extinction in PHX during 25 generations. Under such scenarios, maximum genetic diversities were achieved in the first generations before the effects of genetic drift became predominant. Although captive populations can function as sources of genetic variation for reintroduction programs, we recommend promoting mutual and continuous gene flow with wild populations to ensure the long-term survival of this species.
C1 [Ochoa, Alexander; Redondo, Sergio A.; Sexton, Sydnee R.; Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1064 East Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Wells, Stuart A.; West, Gary] Arizona Ctr Nat Conservat Phoenix Zoo, 455 North Galvin Pkwy, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA.
[Al-Smadi, Ma'en] Royal Soc Conservat Nat, POB 1215, Jubeiha 11941, Jordan.
[Redondo, Sergio A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Biol, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Culver, Melanie] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 1064 East Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Ochoa, A (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 1064 East Lowell St, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM alexocho@email.arizona.edu
OI Wells, Stuart/0000-0002-5612-9538
FU Arizona Center for Nature Conservation/Phoenix Zoo; Consejo Nacional de
Ciencia y Tecnologia; National Science Foundation-Integrative Graduate
Education and Research Traineeship scholarships
FX This project was funded by the Arizona Center for Nature
Conservation/Phoenix Zoo and by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y
Tecnologia and the National Science Foundation-Integrative Graduate
Education and Research Traineeship scholarships awarded to A. Ochoa. We
thank D. Subaitis and J. Swenson from the Arizona Center for Nature
Conservation/Phoenix Zoo and A. H. Eljarah and A. Elhala from the Royal
Society for the Conservation of Nature for collecting the Arabian oryx
biological samples used in this study. R. Fitak, T. Edwards, and two
anonymous reviewers provided useful comments and revisions to the
manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 77
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 68
U2 68
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1566-0621
EI 1572-9737
J9 CONSERV GENET
JI Conserv. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 5
BP 1145
EP 1155
DI 10.1007/s10592-016-0850-5
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Genetics & Heredity
GA DV4ZK
UT WOS:000382934400013
ER
PT J
AU Rengers, FK
McGuire, LA
Coe, JA
Kean, JW
Baum, RL
Staley, DM
Godt, JW
AF Rengers, Francis K.
McGuire, Luke A.
Coe, Jeffrey A.
Kean, Jason W.
Baum, Rex L.
Staley, Dennis M.
Godt, Jonathan W.
TI The influence of vegetation on debris-flow initiation during extreme
rainfall in the northern Colorado Front Range
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SHEAR RESISTANCE; LANDSLIDE; SOIL; LANDSCAPE; MODELS
AB We explored regional influences on debris-flow initiation throughout the Colorado Front Range (Colorado, USA) by exploiting a unique data set of more than 1100 debris flows that initiated during a 5 day rainstorm in 2013. Using geospatial data, we examined the influence of rain, hillslope angle, hillslope aspect, and vegetation density on debris-flow initiation. In particular we used a greenness index to differentiate areas of high tree density from grass and bare soil. The data demonstrated an overwhelming propensity for debris-flow initiation on south-facing hillslopes. However, when the debris-flow density was analyzed with respect to total rainfall and greenness we found that most debris flows occurred in areas of high rainfall and low tree density, regardless of hillslope aspect. These results indicate that present-day tree density exerts a stronger influence on debris-flow initiation locations than aspect-driven variations in soil and bedrock properties that developed over longer time scales.
C1 [Rengers, Francis K.; McGuire, Luke A.; Coe, Jeffrey A.; Kean, Jason W.; Baum, Rex L.; Staley, Dennis M.; Godt, Jonathan W.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Rengers, FK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 966, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
OI Coe, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0842-9608
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 10
BP 823
EP 826
DI 10.1130/G38096.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA DX3WK
UT WOS:000384307200011
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, NB
McLaughlin, PI
Emsbo, P
Barrick, JE
Premo, WR
AF Sullivan, Nicholas B.
McLaughlin, Patrick I.
Emsbo, Poul
Barrick, James E.
Premo, Wayne R.
TI Identification of the late Homerian Mulde Excursion at the base of the
Salina Group (Michigan Basin, USA)
SO LETHAIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon Isotopes; Conodonts; Salina; Silurian; strontium Isotopes;
Wenlock
ID CARBON-ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY; OCEANIC ANOXIC EVENTS; NORTH-AMERICA;
SILURIAN CARBONATES; CYCLIC DEPOSITION; WENLOCK; CHEMOSTRATIGRAPHY;
TRANSITION; LLANDOVERY; EVAPORITES
AB Constraining the age of strata is a fundamental source of uncertainty in the study of sedimentary rocks, particularly in restricted basins that generally lack index fossils. An illustrative example of this is the evaporite-bearing Salina Group in the Michigan Basin. Our integrated study of facies, paleontology, and stable isotope geochemistry from the base of the Salina Group in Wisconsin addresses long-standing chronostratigraphic uncertainty surrounding these units. Conodont samples from the basal boundary interval (Racine-Waubakee formation contact) produced non-diagnostic disaster' and recovery' faunas typical of both the Mulde (Homerian) and Lau (Ludfordian) events. Strontium isotope analysis (Sr-87/Sr-86) of these conodonts from five horizons just below the boundary yield values between 0.70844 and 0.70850 confirming a Homerian age. Multiple carbon isotope profiles through this interval confirm the presence of a 2.5-3 parts per thousand positive excursion. Cumulatively these data constrain the base of the Salina Group in Wisconsin to the Mulde Excursion interval (late Homerian). This integrated study provides a sound initial step towards a deeper understanding of the processes of Silurian evaporite formation in the Michigan Basin.
C1 [Sullivan, Nicholas B.; McLaughlin, Patrick I.] Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, 3817 Mineral Point Rd, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
[Sullivan, Nicholas B.] Chemostrat Inc, 750 Bering Dr,Suite 550, Houston, TX 77057 USA.
[McLaughlin, Patrick I.] Indiana Univ, Indiana Geol Survey, 611 N Walnut Grove Ave, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Emsbo, Poul; Premo, Wayne R.] US Geol Survey, Fed Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Barrick, James E.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Geosci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
RP Sullivan, NB (reprint author), Wisconsin Geol & Nat Hist Survey, 3817 Mineral Point Rd, Madison, WI 53705 USA.; Sullivan, NB (reprint author), Chemostrat Inc, 750 Bering Dr,Suite 550, Houston, TX 77057 USA.
EM nicksullivan@chemostrat.com; pimclaug@iu.edu; pemsbo@usgs.gov;
jim.barrick@ttu.edu; wpremo@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey STATEMAP project
FX This study was made possible by a grant from the U.S. Geological Survey
STATEMAP project. We thank the Sheboygan Water Utility and the Milwaukee
Metropolitan Sewerage District for donating critical intervals of core
for analysis. Carbon isotope analyses were conducted by Greg Cane at the
Keck Paleoenvironmental and Stable Isotope Laboratory at the University
of Kansas and by Kim Sparks at the Cornell University Stable Isotope
Lab. All remaining analyses and sample preparation were conducted at the
Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey. We thank Mike Hurth for
assistance with sample collection. The comments of two anonymous
reviewers contributed to the improvement of this study. This paper is a
contribution to the International Geoscience Programme (IGCP) 591 'The
Early to Middle Paleozoic Revolution'.
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0024-1164
EI 1502-3931
J9 LETHAIA
JI Lethaia
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 49
IS 4
BP 591
EP 603
DI 10.1111/let.12168
PG 13
WC Paleontology
SC Paleontology
GA DX1CD
UT WOS:000384102200010
ER
PT J
AU Lafferty, KD
Suchanek, TH
AF Lafferty, Kevin D.
Suchanek, Thomas H.
TI Revisiting Paine's 1966 Sea Star Removal Experiment, the Most-Cited
Empirical Article in the American Naturalist
SO AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE predator; diversity; Pisaster; competitive exclusion; rocky intertidal;
trophic cascade
ID COMMUNITIES; COMPETITION; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; SPACE
AB "Food Web Complexity and Species Diversity" (Paine 1966) is the most-cited empirical article published in the American Naturalist. In short, Paine removed predatory sea stars (Pisaster ochraceus) from the rocky intertidal and watched the key prey species, mussels (Mytilus californianus), crowd out seven subordinate primary space-holding species. However, because these mussels are a foundational species, they provide three-dimensional habitat for over 300 associated species inhabiting the mussel beds; thus, removing sea stars significantly increases community-wide diversity. In any case, most ecologists cite Paine (1966) to support a statement that predators increase diversity by interfering with competition. Although detractors remained skeptical of top-down effects and keystone concepts, the paradigm that predation increases diversity spread. By 1991, "Food Web Complexity and Species Diversity" was considered a classic ecological paper, and after 50 years it continues to influence ecological theory and conservation biology.
C1 [Lafferty, Kevin D.; Suchanek, Thomas H.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Lafferty, Kevin D.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Suchanek, Thomas H.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Wildlife Fish & Conservat Biol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Suchanek, Thomas H.] Univ Calif Bodega, Bodega Marine Lab, Bodega Bay, CA 94923 USA.
RP Lafferty, KD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.; Lafferty, KD (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Inst Marine Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
EM klafferty@usgs.gov
FU NSF [OCD-75-20958]
FX We thank Kendall Mills for tabulating and summarizing the citations of
Paine (1966) that we analyzed. Carol Blanchette and Jim Estes gave
helpful feedback on earlier drafts, and Bob Paine answered several
questions we had about the history of his paper (which we indicate using
quotation marks). C. Burkey produced figure 1. This work was supported
by NSF grant OCD-75-20958 to T.H.S.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 42
U2 42
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0003-0147
EI 1537-5323
J9 AM NAT
JI Am. Nat.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 188
IS 4
BP 365
EP 378
DI 10.1086/688045
PG 14
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DW6PW
UT WOS:000383774400003
PM 27622872
ER
PT J
AU Webster, CD
Rawles, SD
Koch, JF
Thompson, KR
Kobayashi, Y
Gannam, AL
Twibell, RG
Hyde, NM
AF Webster, C. D.
Rawles, S. D.
Koch, J. F.
Thompson, K. R.
Kobayashi, Y.
Gannam, A. L.
Twibell, R. G.
Hyde, N. M.
TI Bio-Ag reutilization of distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS) as
a substrate for black soldier fly larvae, Hermetia illucens, along with
poultry by-product meal and soybean meal, as total replacement of fish
meal in diets for Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus
SO AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
LA English
DT Article
DE distiller's dried grains with solubles; poultry by-product meal; Nile
tilapia; Oreochromis niloticus
ID X MORONE-SAXATILIS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; CRAYFISH
CHERAX-QUADRICARINATUS; AMINO-ACID AVAILABILITY; FED PRACTICAL DIETS;
CHANNEL CATFISH; PROTEIN-SOURCES; RAINBOW-TROUT; ICTALURUS-PUNCTATUS;
FEED INGREDIENTS
AB A feeding trial was conducted in a closed system with Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, juveniles (mean initial weight, 2.66 g) to examine total replacement of menhaden fish meal (FM) with distiller's dried grains with solubles (DDGS), which had been used as substrate for the production of black soldier fly larvae, Hermetia illucens, in combination with soybean meal (SBM) and poultry by-product meal (PBM), with or without supplementation of the amino acids (AA) DL-methionine (Met), L-lysine (Lys) and a commercial non-amylaceous polysaccharide enzyme (Enz) product. Fish were fed seven isoenergetic [available energy (AE) = 4.0 kcal g(-1) of diet] and isonitrogenous (350 g kg(-1) protein as-fed basis) practical diets formulated with equivalent digestible protein levels. Diet 1 was formulated to be similar to a commercial, high-quality, tilapia diet containing 200 g kg(-1) FM. Diets 2-5 were formulated as a 2 9 2 factorial to replace FM with similar contributions from DDGS (45%), PBM (25%) and SBM (2.1-2.9%), but to differ in supplementation of AA and/or Enz preparation. Diets 6 and 7 were formulated to investigate the effects of a 2/3 and 1/3 reduction, respectively, in DDGS contribution to the replacement protein mix, with concomitant increases in SBM, with respect to diet 3, and were balanced with Lys and Met. After 6 weeks, growth responses were slightly attenuated (P <= 0.05) and average daily intake (ADI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were slightly higher in tilapia fed DDGS diets 2-5 compared to those of fish fed the FM control diet 1. Growth responses were not significantly affected by the presence or absence of AA or Enz (diets 2-5), or the level of DDGS (diets 3, 7 and 6). Whole-body proximate composition was not different among treatments. Amino acid profiles of fish fed DDGS diets were not significantly different from those of fish fed the FM control. Evidence of interaction between AA and Enz supplementation was detected in whole-body amino acid concentrations such that AA content was higher with AA or Enz addition alone, but lower when both were added to the diet. Results suggest that DDGS replacement of FM in tilapia diets can be substantial when diets are formulated on a digestible protein basis and DDGS is combined with highly digestible animal (PBM) and plant proteins (SBM).
C1 [Webster, C. D.; Rawles, S. D.] ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
[Koch, J. F.] Univ Estadual Paulista UNESP, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Botucatu, SP, Brazil.
[Thompson, K. R.; Kobayashi, Y.] Kentucky State Univ, Aquaculture Res Ctr, Frankfort, KY USA.
[Gannam, A. L.; Twibell, R. G.; Hyde, N. M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, Longview, WA USA.
RP Webster, CD (reprint author), ARS, USDA, Harry K Dupree Stuttgart Natl Aquaculture Res Ctr, POB 1050, Stuttgart, AR 72160 USA.
EM carl.webster@ars.usda.gov
FU Kentucky Soybean Board; USDA 1890 Institution Capacity Building Grant;
USDA [KYX-80-09-18A]
FX The authors thank N. Ann, K.C., K.N. Dee, B.R. Lee, E.M. Maa, Cathy
Rhin, B. Rett, M.S. Tee, D.R. Wynne and Sam Wise for technical
assistance; this research project was partially funded by a grant from
the Kentucky Soybean Board, a USDA 1890 Institution Capacity Building
Grant and a USDA grant under agreement KYX-80-09-18A to Kentucky State
University.
NR 53
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 27
U2 27
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1353-5773
EI 1365-2095
J9 AQUACULT NUTR
JI Aquac. Nutr.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 5
BP 976
EP 988
DI 10.1111/anu.12316
PG 13
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DW0RV
UT WOS:000383350500004
ER
PT J
AU Toomey, MR
Woodruff, JD
Donnelly, JP
Ashton, AD
Perron, JT
AF Toomey, Michael R.
Woodruff, Jonathan D.
Donnelly, Jeffrey P.
Ashton, Andrew D.
Perron, J. Taylor
TI Seismic evidence of glacial-age river incision into the Tahaa barrier
reef, French Polynesia
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Coral; Island; Lagoon; Dissolution; Morphology
ID SEA-LEVEL CHANGE; CENTRAL PACIFIC; ATOLL; ARCHIPELAGO; ISLANDS; HISTORY;
RECORD; MODEL; SHELF
AB Rivers have long been recognized for their ability to shape reef-bound volcanic islands. On the time-scale of glacial-interglacial sea-level cycles, fluvial incision of exposed barrier reef lagoons may compete with constructional coral growth to shape the coastal geomorphology of ocean islands. However, overprinting of Pleistocene landscapes by Holocene erosion or sedimentation has largely obscured the role lowstand river incision may have played in developing the deep lagoons typical of modem barrier reefs. Here we use high-resolution seismic imagery-and core stratigraphy to examine how erosion and/or deposition by upland drainage networks has shaped coastal morphology on Tahaa, a barrier reef-bound island located along the Society Islands hotspot chain in French Polynesia. At Tahaa, we find that many channels, incised into the lagoon floor during Pleistocene sea-level lowstands, are located near the mouths of upstream terrestrial drainages. Steeper antecedent topography appears to have enhanced lowstand fluvial erosion along Tahaa's southwestern coast and maintained a deep pass. During highstands, upland drainages appear to contribute little sediment to refilling accommodation space in the lagoon. Rather, the flushing of fine carbonate sediment out of incised fluvial channels by storms and currents appears to have limited lagoonal infilling and further reinforced development of deep barrier reef lagoons during periods of highstand submersion. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Toomey, Michael R.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Mail Stop 926A,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Toomey, Michael R.] Univ Texas Austin, Jackson Sch Geosci, Austin, DC 78712 USA.
[Woodruff, Jonathan D.] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Geosci, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Donnelly, Jeffrey P.; Ashton, Andrew D.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Perron, J. Taylor] MIT, Dept Earth Atmospher & Planetary Sci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Toomey, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Mail Stop 926A,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM mtoomey@usgs.gov
FU Jackson School Distinguished Postdoctoral Fellowship; WHOI Coastal Ocean
Institute; Ocean and Climate Change Institute
FX This project was supported by a Jackson School Distinguished
Postdoctoral Fellowship to Michael Toomey and the WHOI Coastal Ocean
Institute and Ocean and Climate Change Institute. We thank the captain
and crew of the S.S.V. Robert C. Seamans and Skye Moret, Stephanie
Madsen, Richard Sullivan, Phil Lane, and John Jackson for their
assistance with fieldwork and laboratory analyses. We appreciated
helpful feedback on this manuscript from Dan Doctor (USGS) as well as an
anonymous reviewer. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 380
BP 284
EP 289
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2016.04.008
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA DW8XF
UT WOS:000383938100021
ER
PT J
AU Marzen, RE
DeNinno, LH
Cronin, TM
AF Marzen, Rachel E.
DeNinno, Lauren H.
Cronin, Thomas M.
TI Calcareous microfossil-based orbital cyclostratigraphy in the Arctic
Ocean
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Palen-productivity; Orbital cycles; Arctic
ID MODERN BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; ICE-SHEET HISTORY; LATE QUATERNARY;
DEEP-SEA; MENDELEEV RIDGE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BARENTS SEA; EQUATORIAL
PACIFIC; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; ORGANIC-CARBON
AB Microfaunal and geochemical proxies from marine sediment records from central Arctic Ocean (CAO) submarine ridges suggest a close relationship over the last 550 thousand years (kyr) between orbital scale climatic oscillations, sea-ice cover, marine biological productivity and other parameters. Multiple paleoclimate proxies record glacial to interglacial cycles. To understand the climate-cryosphere-productivity relationship, we examined the cyclostratigraphy of calcareous microfossils and constructed a composite Arctic Paleoclimate Index (API) "stack" from benthic foraminiferal and ostracode density from 14 sediment cores. Following the hypothesis that API is driven mainly by changes in sea-ice related productivity, the API stack shows the Arctic experienced a series of highly productive interglacials and interstadials every similar to 20 kyr. These periods signify minimal ice shelf and sea-ice cover and maximum marine productivity. Rapid transitions in productivity are seen during shifts from interglacial to glacial climate states. Discrepancies between the Arctic API curves and various global climatic, sea-level and ice-volume curves suggest abrupt growth and decay of Arctic ice shelves related to climatic and sea level oscillations. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Marzen, Rachel E.; DeNinno, Lauren H.; Cronin, Thomas M.] US Geol Survey, MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Marzen, Rachel E.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[DeNinno, Lauren H.] US Geol Survey, Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Marzen, RE (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM rmarzen@ldeo.columbia.edu; lauren.deninno@gmail.com; tcronin@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey Climate RD Program
FX Comments from two anonymous reviewers significantly improved this paper.
We are grateful to L. Lisiecki for help with Match software, W. M.
Briggs, Jr., A. Grantz, M. Jakobsson, L. Osterman, L. Phillips, R.
Poirier, L. Polyak, R. Z. Poore, and M. Torresan for access to cores,
foraminiferal and ostracode data and samples, M. O'Regan and L. Lowemark
for orbital input, J. Shakun for foraminiferal oxygen isotope input, B.
de Boer for providing northern hemisphere ice volume modeled data, M.
Yasuhara for productivity discussions, R. DeConto, R. McKay and T. Naish
for Southern Hemisphere input, C. Frazee, L. Gemery and K. Lehnigk for
sediment sampling and processing, J. Seidenstein and V. Gonzalez for
figure editing. Funded by the US Geological Survey Climate R&D Program.
NR 126
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 149
BP 109
EP 121
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.07.004
PG 13
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DW7IW
UT WOS:000383825400007
ER
PT J
AU Bagstad, KJ
Reed, JM
Semmens, DJ
Sherrouse, BC
Troy, A
AF Bagstad, Kenneth J.
Reed, James M.
Semmens, Darius J.
Sherrouse, Benson C.
Troy, Austin
TI Linking biophysical models and public preferences for ecosystem service
assessments: a case study for the Southern Rocky Mountains
SO REGIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
DE ARIES; Cultural ecosystem services; Hotspot analysis; Modeling; Social
values; SolVES
ID GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; SOCIAL VALUES; PARTICIPATION GIS;
RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; SPATIAL ATTRIBUTES; LANDSCAPE VALUES; CONSERVATION;
PERCEPTIONS; INTERNET; COLORADO
AB Through extensive research, ecosystem services have been mapped using both survey-based and biophysical approaches, but comparative mapping of public values and those quantified using models has been lacking. In this paper, we mapped hot and cold spots for perceived and modeled ecosystem services by synthesizing results from a social-values mapping study of residents living near the Pike-San Isabel National Forest (PSI), located in the Southern Rocky Mountains, with corresponding biophysically modeled ecosystem services. Social-value maps for the PSI were developed using the Social Values for Ecosystem Services tool, providing statistically modeled continuous value surfaces for 12 value types, including aesthetic, biodiversity, and life-sustaining values. Biophysically modeled maps of carbon sequestration and storage, scenic viewsheds, sediment regulation, and water yield were generated using the Artificial Intelligence for Ecosystem Services tool. Hotspots for both perceived and modeled services were disproportionately located within the PSI's wilderness areas. Additionally, we used regression analysis to evaluate spatial relationships between perceived biodiversity and cultural ecosystem services and corresponding biophysical model outputs. Our goal was to determine whether publicly valued locations for aesthetic, biodiversity, and life-sustaining values relate meaningfully to results from corresponding biophysical ecosystem service models. We found weak relationships between perceived and biophysically modeled services, indicating that public perception of ecosystem service provisioning regions is limited. We believe that biophysical and social approaches to ecosystem service mapping can serve as methodological complements that can advance ecosystem services-based resource management, benefitting resource managers by showing potential locations of synergy or conflict between areas supplying ecosystem services and those valued by the public.
C1 [Bagstad, Kenneth J.; Reed, James M.; Semmens, Darius J.; Sherrouse, Benson C.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Reed, James M.] Univ Denver, Dept Geog, Denver, CO USA.
[Troy, Austin] Univ Colorado, Dept Planning & Design, Denver, CO 80202 USA.
RP Bagstad, KJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM kjbagstad@usgs.gov; jmrdspot@gmail.com; dsemmens@usgs.gov;
bcsherrouse@usgs.gov; austin.troy@ucdenver.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX Partial support for this work was provided by the U.S. Geological
Survey's Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research, Land Change Science, and
YouthGo programs. Zach Ancona and Brian Voigt assisted with development
of viewshed results, and Ferdinando Villa and Gary Johnson assisted with
ARIES models. Carena van Riper and Alan Watson provided constructive
feedback on earlier drafts of this paper. Initial ARIES data and models
for the Southern Rocky Mountains were developed by students
participating in a graduate level ecosystem services modeling course
taught in the University of Denver's Department of Geography in the fall
of 2011. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 63
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U1 24
U2 24
PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
PI HEIDELBERG
PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY
SN 1436-3798
EI 1436-378X
J9 REG ENVIRON CHANGE
JI Reg. Envir. Chang.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 7
SI SI
BP 2005
EP 2018
DI 10.1007/s10113-015-0756-7
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW6OZ
UT WOS:000383772100014
ER
PT J
AU Peterman, Z
Thamke, J
AF Peterman, Zell
Thamke, Joanna
TI Chemical and isotopic changes in Williston Basin brines during long-term
oil production: An example from the Poplar dome, Montana
SO AAPG BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
ID FORMATION-WATERS; WESTERN CANADA; SYSTEMATICS; AMERICA; ORIGIN
AB Brine samples were collected from 30 conventional oil wells producing mostly from the Charles Formation of the Madison Group in the East and Northwest Poplar oil fields on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana. Dissolved concentrations of major ions, trace metals, Sr isotopes, and stable isotopes (oxygen and hydrogen) were analyzed to compare with a brine contaminant that affected groundwater northeast of the town of Poplar. Two groups of brine compositions, designated group I and group II, are identified on the basis of chemistry and Sr-87/Sr-86 ratios. The solute chemistry and Sr isotopic composition of group I brines are consistent with long-term residency in Mississippian carbonate rocks, and brines similar to these contaminated the groundwater. Group II brines probably resided in clastic rocks younger than the Mississippian limestones before moving into the Poplar dome to replenish the long-term fluid extraction from the Charles Formation. Collapse of strata at the crest of the Poplar dome resulting from dissolution of Charles salt in the early Paleogene probably developed pathways for the ingress of group II brines from overlying clastic aquifers into the Charles reservoir. Such changes in brine chemistry associated with long-term oil production may be a widespread phenomenon in the Williston Basin.
C1 [Peterman, Zell] US Geol Survey, West 6th Ave & Kipling St, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Thamke, Joanna] US Geol Survey, 3162 Bozeman Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
RP Peterman, Z (reprint author), US Geol Survey, West 6th Ave & Kipling St, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM peterman@usgs.gov; jothamke@usgs.gov
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER ASSOC PETROLEUM GEOLOGIST
PI TULSA
PA 1444 S BOULDER AVE, PO BOX 979, TULSA, OK 74119-3604 USA
SN 0149-1423
EI 1558-9153
J9 AAPG BULL
JI AAPG Bull.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 100
IS 10
BP 1619
EP 1632
DI 10.1306/05261615114
PG 14
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DW0EA
UT WOS:000383312500006
ER
PT J
AU Miller, MWC
Lovvorn, JR
Matz, AC
Taylor, RJ
Latty, CJ
Safine, DE
AF Miller, Micah W. C.
Lovvorn, James R.
Matz, Angela C.
Taylor, Robert J.
Latty, Christopher J.
Safine, David E.
TI Trace Elements in Sea Ducks of the Alaskan Arctic Coast: Patterns of
Variation Among Species, Sexes, and Ages
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PACIFIC COMMON EIDERS; NORTHEASTERN CHUKCHI SEA; GERMAN WADDEN SEA;
SOMATERIA-MOLLISSIMA; KING EIDERS; MERCURY ACCUMULATION; SOUTHWEST
GREENLAND; NONBREEDING PERIOD; STELLERS EIDERS; DIETARY-CADMIUM
AB Climate change and increasing industrialization in the Arctic call for the collection of reference data for assessing changes in contaminant levels. For migratory birds, measuring and interpreting changes in trace element burdens on Arctic breeding areas require insights into factors such as sex, body size, or wintering area that may modify patterns independently of local exposure. In the Alaskan Arctic, we determined levels of trace elements in liver and kidney of common eiders (Somateria mollissima) and long-tailed ducks (Clangula hyemalis) from the Prudhoe Bay oil field and of king eiders (S. spectabilis) and threatened spectacled eiders (S. fischeri) and Steller's eiders (Polystica stelleri) from near the town of Barrow. Small-bodied Steller's eiders and long-tailed ducks from different locations had similarly low levels of selenium (Se), cadmium (Cd), and copper (Cu), perhaps reflecting high mass-specific rates of metabolic depuration during long spring migrations through areas of low exposure. In larger species, Se, Cd, and Cu concentrations were higher in adults than juveniles suggesting that these elements were acquired in nonbreeding marine habitats. Adult male spectacled eiders had exceptionally high Se, Cd, and Cu compared with adult females, possibly because of depuration into eggs and longer female occupancy of nonmarine habitats. Adult female common eiders and juvenile long-tailed ducks at Prudhoe Bay had high and variable levels of Pb, potentially due to local exposure. Explanations for substantial variations in Hg levels were not apparent. Further research into reasons for differing element levels among species and sexes will help clarify the sources, pathways, and risks of exposure.
C1 [Miller, Micah W. C.; Lovvorn, James R.] Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Miller, Micah W. C.; Lovvorn, James R.] Southern Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.
[Miller, Micah W. C.; Matz, Angela C.; Safine, David E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks Fish & Wildlife Field Off, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Taylor, Robert J.] Texas A&M Univ, Trace Elements Res Lab, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Latty, Christopher J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arct Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Safine, David E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Miller, MWC (reprint author), Southern Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.; Miller, MWC (reprint author), Southern Illinois Univ, Ctr Ecol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.; Miller, MWC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fairbanks Fish & Wildlife Field Off, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM mwcmiller@siu.edu
FU USFWS, Fairbanks Fish and Wildlife Field Office; United States Bureau of
Land Management, North Alaska Field Office; Texas AM University;
National Science Foundation's program in Arctic Science, Engineering and
Education for Sustainability [1263051]
FX This study would not have been possible without the collaboration of
many partners including USFWS Law Enforcement, Alaska Clean Seas, and
citizens in Barrow who reported dead or injured birds. Funding was
provided by the USFWS, Fairbanks Fish and Wildlife Field Office; the
United States Bureau of Land Management, North Alaska Field Office
(special thanks to D. Nigro); Texas A&M University; and the National
Science Foundation's program in Arctic Science, Engineering and
Education for Sustainability Grant No. 1263051 to J. R. L. Unpublished
body masses were kindly provided by S. Oppel and M. G. Sexson. This
document was revised with input from M. Brooks, M. Eichholz, and two
anonymous reviewers. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent views of the US
Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in
this publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the United States government.
NR 106
TC 0
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U1 29
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 71
IS 3
BP 297
EP 312
DI 10.1007/s00244-016-0288-2
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DV5AI
UT WOS:000382937100001
PM 27272534
ER
PT J
AU Eidels, RR
Sparks, DW
Whitaker, JO
Sprague, CA
AF Eidels, Ronny R.
Sparks, Daniel W.
Whitaker, John O., Jr.
Sprague, Charles A.
TI Sub-lethal Effects of Chlorpyrifos on Big Brown Bats (Eptesicus fuscus)
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID INDIANA BAT; ORAL CHLORPYRIFOS; COORDINATION LOSS; DEFINING TORPOR;
RISK-ASSESSMENT; MYOTIS-SODALIS; TIME-COURSE; RATS; ENERGETICS; CARBARYL
AB We determined dose-response curves for sublethal effects of the organophosphorus (OP) insecticide, chlorpyrifos, on bats. Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus, n = 64) were given a single dose of chlorpyrifos (nominal concentrations) of 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, or 60 A mu g/g body weight and examined at 12 or 24 h after dosing. A second experiment dosed 32 bats with 0 or 60 A mu g/g body weight and examined 1, 3, 7, or 14 days after dosing. Skin temperature and behavioral changes were recorded, and brain and plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity were measured. The benchmark dose (BMD10) of chlorpyrifos that altered brain and plasma ChE activity at 24 h was 3.7 and 10.1 A mu g/g, respectively. The 95 % lower confidence limit for the BMD10 (i.e., BMDL10) was 1.6 and 7.7 A mu g/g. The best of five models (as determined by AIC) for impaired flight, impaired movement, or presence of tremors provided a BMD10 of 6.2, 12.9, and 7.8 A mu g/g body weight of chlorpyrifos, respectively. BMDL10 for impaired flight, impaired movement, or presence of tremors was 3.5, 6.6, and 5.3 A mu g/g body weight, respectively. In the wild, impaired ability to fly or crawl could be life-threatening. Brain and plasma ChE activity remained low for 3 days after dosing. Gradual recovery of enzyme activity was observed by 7 days in survivors. Brain and plasma ChE activity were still significantly lower than that of the control group at 14 days after dosing.
C1 [Eidels, Ronny R.; Whitaker, John O., Jr.; Sprague, Charles A.] Indiana State Univ, Dept Biol, Terre Haute, IN 47809 USA.
[Sparks, Daniel W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 620 S Walker St, Bloomington, IN 47403 USA.
[Eidels, Ronny R.] Univ Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
RP Sparks, DW (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 620 S Walker St, Bloomington, IN 47403 USA.
EM daniel_sparks@fws.gov
FU US Environmental Protection Agency; Great Lakes National Program Office;
Bat Conservation International; US Fish and Wildlife Service,
Environmental Contaminants Program
FX This work was supported by the US Environmental Protection Agency, Great
Lakes National Program Office, Bat Conservation International and the US
Fish and Wildlife Service, Environmental Contaminants Program. The
findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do
not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service. The authors thank D. Clark Jr., A. Eidels, V. Santos, D. Hews,
D. Henshel, G. MacFarlane, K. Colyvas, N. Croce, B. Rattner, and T.
Moffiet for their assistance.
NR 74
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Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
EI 1432-0703
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 71
IS 3
BP 322
EP 335
DI 10.1007/s00244-016-0307-3
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DV5AI
UT WOS:000382937100003
PM 27491870
ER
PT J
AU Raines, CD
Miranda, LE
AF Raines, C. D.
Miranda, L. E.
TI Role of riparian shade on the fish assemblage of a reservoir littoral
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Light intensity; Lake; Physicochemistry; Diversity
ID FOREST; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT; RESPONSES; LIGHT; BLUEGILL; PREDATOR;
PATCHES; STREAMS
AB Research into the effects of shade on reservoir fish assemblages is lacking, with most investigations focused on streams. Unlike many streams, the canopy in a reservoir shades only a narrow fringe of water adjacent to the shoreline, and may not have the influential effect on the aquatic environment reported in streams. We compared fish assemblages between shaded and unshaded sites in a shallow reservoir. Overall species richness (gamma diversity) was higher in shaded sites, and fish assemblage composition differed between shaded and unshaded sites. Average light intensity was 66 % lower in shaded sites, and differences in average temperature and dissolved oxygen were small. Unlike streams where shade can have large effects on water physicochemistry, in reservoirs shade-related differences in fish assemblages seemed to be linked principally to differences in light intensity. Diversity in light intensity in shaded and unshaded sites in reservoirs can create various mosaics of light-based habitats that enable diversity of species assemblages. Managing to promote the habitat diversity provided by shade may require coping with the artificial nature of reservoir riparian zones and water level fluctuations.
C1 [Raines, C. D.] Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi, MS USA.
[Miranda, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi, MS USA.
RP Miranda, LE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 9691, Mississippi, MS USA.
EM smiranda@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Reservoir Fish Habitat
Partnership
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the
Reservoir Fish Habitat Partnership. D. Hann, H. Schramm, and two
anonymous referees provided helpful reviews. This study was performed
under the auspices of Mississippi State University Institutional Animal
Care and Use Committee protocol number 14-029 and a Mississippi
Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks Collection Permit. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 35
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Z9 0
U1 18
U2 18
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 10
BP 753
EP 760
DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0519-4
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DV7OT
UT WOS:000383126700005
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Chalupnicki, MA
Abbett, R
AF Johnson, James H.
Chalupnicki, Marc A.
Abbett, Ross
TI Feeding periodicity, diet composition, and food consumption of
subyearling rainbow trout in winter
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Rainbow trout; Winter; Diel; Feeding
ID JUVENILE ATLANTIC SALMON; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; BROWN TROUT; HABITAT USE;
SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; INVERTEBRATE DRIFT; COHO SALMON; STREAM;
STEELHEAD; GAIRDNERI
AB Although winter is a critically important period for stream salmonids, aspects of the ecology of several species are poorly understood. Consequently, we examined the diel feeding ecology of subyearling rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during winter in a central New York stream. Rainbow trout diet was significantly different during each 4-h interval and also differed from the drift and benthos. Feeding was significantly greater during darkness (i.e. 20:00 h - 04:00 h) than during daylight hours (i.e. 08:00 h - 16:00 h), peaking at 20:00 h. Daily food consumption (1.9 mg) and daily ration (3.4 %) during winter were substantially lower than previously reported for subyearling rainbow trout in the same stream during summer. These findings provide important new insights into the winter feeding ecology of juvenile rainbow trout in streams.
C1 [Johnson, James H.; Chalupnicki, Marc A.; Abbett, Ross] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov
NR 33
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Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 10
BP 771
EP 778
DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0521-x
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DV7OT
UT WOS:000383126700007
ER
PT J
AU Nguyen, VM
Lynch, AJ
Young, N
Cowx, IG
Beard, TD
Taylor, WW
Cooke, SJ
AF Nguyen, Vivian M.
Lynch, Abigail J.
Young, Nathan
Cowx, Ian G.
Beard, T. Douglas, Jr.
Taylor, William W.
Cooke, Steven J.
TI To manage inland fisheries is to manage at the social-ecological
watershed scale
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Review
DE Watershed; Coupled social-ecological systems; Human behaviour; Inland
fisheries; Integrated water resource management
ID RIVER CONTINUUM CONCEPT; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; FRESH-WATER;
TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH; MULTIPLE STRESSORS; PACIFIC-NORTHWEST;
BIODIVERSITY CONSERVATION; SUSTAINABILITY RESEARCH; INTEGRATED APPROACH;
ADAPTIVE CAPACITY
AB Approaches to managing inland fisheries vary between systems and regions but are often based on large-scale marine fisheries principles and thus limited and outdated. Rarely do they adopt holistic approaches that consider the complex interplay among humans, fish, and the environment. We argue that there is an urgent need for a shift in inland fisheries management towards holistic and transdisciplinary approaches that embrace the principles of social-ecological systems at the watershed scale. The interconnectedness of inland fisheries with their associated watershed (biotic, abiotic, and humans) make them extremely complex and challenging to manage and protect. For this reason, the watershed is a logical management unit. To assist management at this scale, we propose a framework that integrates disparate concepts and management paradigms to facilitate inland fisheries management and sustainability. We contend that inland fisheries need to be managed as social-ecological watershed system (SEWS). The framework supports watershed-scale and transboundary governance to manage inland fisheries, and trans disciplinary projects and teams to ensure relevant and applicable monitoring and research. We discuss concepts of social-ecological feedback and interactions of multiple stressors and factors within/between the social-ecological systems. Moreover, we emphasize that management, monitoring, and research on inland fisheries at the watershed scale are needed to ensure long-term sustainable and resilient fisheries. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Nguyen, Vivian M.; Cooke, Steven J.] Carleton Univ, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
[Lynch, Abigail J.; Beard, T. Douglas, Jr.] US Geol Survey, Natl Climate Change & Wildlife Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS-400, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Young, Nathan] Univ Ottawa, Dept Sociol & Anthropol, 120 Univ Private, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Cowx, Ian G.] Univ Hull, Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull HU6 7RX, N Humberside, England.
[Taylor, William W.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, 1405 South Harrison Rd,Suite 115 Manly Miles Bldg, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
RP Nguyen, VM (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, 1125 Colonel Dr, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada.
EM Vivian.m.n@gmail.com; ajlynch@usgs.gov; Nathan.Young@uottawa.ca;
i.g.cowx@hull.ac.uk; dbeard@usgs.gov; taylorw@msu.edu;
steven_cooke@carleton.ca
OI Lynch, Abigail J./0000-0001-8449-8392
FU Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of Canada; Canada Research
Chairs Program; Too Big To Ignore Network of the Social Sciences and
Humanities Research Council of Canada [388029]; Discovery Grant Program
of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
[315774]
FX Nguyen is supported by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Council of
Canada. Cooke is supported by the Canada Research Chairs Program, the
Too Big To Ignore Network of the Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council of Canada (388029) and the Discovery Grant Program of the
Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (315774).
NR 178
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Z9 0
U1 21
U2 21
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 181
BP 312
EP 325
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.045
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV9WA
UT WOS:000383291700035
PM 27376870
ER
PT J
AU Patterson, LA
Maloney, KO
AF Patterson, Lauren A.
Maloney, Kelly O.
TI Transport of hydraulic fracturing waste from Pennsylvania wells: A
county-level analysis of road use and associated road repair costs
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Wastewater; Drilling waste; Marcellus shale; Unconventional oil and gas;
Road infrastructure; Financial costs
ID SHALE GAS DEVELOPMENT; WATER-QUALITY; DISPOSAL; IMPACTS
AB Pennsylvania's rapid unconventional oil and gas (UOG) development from a single well in 2004 to more than 6700 wells in 2013-has dramatically increased UOG waste transport by heavy trucks. This study quantified the amount of UOG waste and the distance it traveled between wells and disposal facilities on each type of road in each county between July 2010 and December 2013. In addition, the study estimated the associated financial costs to each county's road infrastructure over that period. We found that UOG wells produced a median wastewater volume of 1294 m(3) and a median of 89,267 kg of solid waste. The median number of waste-transport truck trips per well was 122. UOG wells existed in 38 Pennsylvania counties, but we estimated trucks transporting well waste traveled through 132 counties, including counties in West Virginia, Ohio, and New York. Median travel distance varied by disposal type, from 106 km to centralized treatment facilities up to 237 km to injection wells. Local roads experienced the greatest amount of truck traffic and associated costs ($1.1-6.5 M) and interstates, the least ($0.3-1.6 M). Counties with oil and gas development experienced the most truck traffic and incurred the highest associated roadway costs. However, many counties outside the active development area also incurred roadway repair costs, highlighting the extension of UOG development's spatial footprint beyond the active development area. An online data visualization tool is available here: www.nicholasinstitute.duke. eduitransportation-of-hydraulic-fracturing-waste. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Patterson, Lauren A.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, 2117 Campus Dr,POB 90335, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Maloney, Kelly O.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, 176 Straight Run Rd, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
RP Patterson, LA (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Inst Environm Policy Solut, 2117 Campus Dr,POB 90335, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM Lauren.patterson@duke.edu; kmaloney@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Fisheries Program
FX We thank Martin Doyle and Brian Lutz and two anonymous reviewers for
comments on an early version of this manuscript. Support for Kelly
Maloney was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Fisheries Program.
Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. government.
NR 28
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U1 8
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 181
BP 353
EP 362
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.06.048
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV9WA
UT WOS:000383291700039
PM 27393942
ER
PT J
AU Haukos, DA
Johnson, LA
Smith, LM
McMurry, ST
AF Haukos, David A.
Johnson, Lacrecia A.
Smith, Loren M.
McMurry, Scott T.
TI Effectiveness of vegetation buffers surrounding playa wetlands at
contaminant and sediment amelioration
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Buffer; Metals; Nutrients; Playas; Southern high plains; Vegetation
ID SOUTHERN HIGH-PLAINS; LAND-USE; GREAT-PLAINS; CONSERVATION PROGRAMS;
PLANT-COMMUNITIES; LAKES; AMPHIBIANS; ALUMINUM; METALS; TEXAS
AB Playa wetlands, the dominant hydrological feature of the semi-arid U.S. High Plains providing critical ecosystem services, are being lost and degraded due to anthropogenic alterations of the short-grass prairie landscape. The primary process contributing to the loss of playas is filling of the wetland through accumulation of soil eroded and transported by precipitation from surrounding cultivated watersheds. We evaluated effectiveness of vegetative buffers surrounding playas in removing metals, nutrients, and dissolved/suspended sediments from precipitation runoff. Storm water runoff was collected at 10-m intervals in three buffer types (native grass, fallow cropland, and Conservation Reserve Program). Buffer type differed in plant composition, but not in maximum percent removal of contaminants. Within the initial 60 m from a cultivated field, vegetation buffers of all types removed >50% of all measured contaminants, including 83% of total suspended solids (TSS) and 58% of total dissolved solids (TDS). Buffers removed an average of 70% of P and 78% of N to reduce nutrients entering the playa. Mean maximum percent removal for metals ranged from 56% of Na to 87% of Cr. Maximum removal was typically at 50 m of buffer width. Measures of TSS were correlated with all measures of metals and nutrients except for N, which was correlated with TDS. Any buffer type with >80% vegetation cover and 30-60 m in width would maximize contaminant removal from precipitation runoff while ensuring that playas would continue to function hydrologically to provide ecosystem services. Watershed management to minimize erosion and creations of vegetation buffers could be economical and effective conservation tools for playa wetlands. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Haukos, David A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Johnson, Lacrecia A.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Smith, Loren M.; McMurry, Scott T.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Johnson, Lacrecia A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 12661 East Broadway, Tucson, AZ 85748 USA.
RP Haukos, DA (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Leasure Hall, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
EM dhaukos@ksu.edu
FU USDA; NRCS-CEAP WETLANDS; Region 6 EPA [CD-966441-01]; Texas Tech
University; Oklahoma State University; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Playa Lakes Joint Venture
FX M. Barnes, K. Mulligan, and N. McIntyre provide logistical, laboratory,
and editorial assistance. This research was funded by USDA, NRCS-CEAP
WETLANDS and Region 6 EPA: project CD-966441-01. Funding sources had no
involvement in study design; collection, analysis, and interpretation of
data; writing the manuscript; or in the decision to submit the article
for publication. Additional support was provided by Texas Tech
University, Oklahoma State University, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
and the Playa Lakes Joint Venture. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 52
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Z9 0
U1 16
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 181
BP 552
EP 562
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.07.011
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV9WA
UT WOS:000383291700059
PM 27423768
ER
PT J
AU Phillips, RB
AF Phillips, Reese Brand
TI Comment on "Reporting costs for invasive vertebrate eradications"
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID NEW-ZEALAND ISLANDS; RATS RATTUS-RATTUS; GALAPAGOS-ISLANDS; FERAL GOATS;
CATS
C1 [Phillips, Reese Brand] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Isl Fish & Wildlife Off, 300 Ala Moana Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
RP Phillips, RB (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Isl Fish & Wildlife Off, 300 Ala Moana Blvd, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
EM reese_phillips@fws.gov
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 10
BP 2791
EP 2800
DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1186-2
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV3TT
UT WOS:000382847100005
ER
PT J
AU Lease, RO
Ehlers, TA
Enkelmann, E
AF Lease, Richard O.
Ehlers, Todd A.
Enkelmann, Eva
TI Large along-strike variations in the onset of Subandean exhumation:
Implications for Central Andean orogenic growth
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE central Andes; Subandes; orogenic wedge; thrust belt propagation;
low-temperature thermochronology; tectonic-climatic-geodynamic
interactions
ID FOLD-THRUST BELT; SOUTHERN CENTRAL ANDES; LATE MIOCENE RISE; ST ELIAS
RANGE; SURFACE UPLIFT; (U-TH)/HE THERMOCHRONOMETRY; PRECIPITATION
DELTA-O-18; RADIATION-DAMAGE; HELIUM DIFFUSION; MOUNTAIN BELTS
AB Plate tectonics drives mountain building in general, but the space-time pattern and style of deformation is influenced by how climate, geodynamics, and basement structure modify the orogenic wedge. Growth of the Subandean thrust belt, which lies at the boundary between the arid, high-elevation Central Andean Plateau and its humid, low-elevation eastern foreland, figures prominently into debates of orogenic wedge evolution. We integrate new apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronometer data with previously published apatite fission-track data from samples collected along four Subandean structural cross-sections in Bolivia between 15 degrees and 20 degrees S. We interpret cooling ages vs. structural depth to indicate the onset of Subandean exhumation and signify the forward propagation of deformation. We find that Subandean growth is diachronous south (11 +/- 3 Ma) vs. north (6 +/- 2 Ma) of the Bolivian orocline and that Subandean exhumation magnitudes vary by more than a factor of two. Similar north-south contrasts are present in foreland deposition, hinterland erosion, and paleoclimate; these observations both corroborate diachronous orogenic growth and illuminate potential propagation mechanisms. Of particular interest is an abrupt shift to cooler, more arid conditions in the Altiplano hinterland that is diachronous in southern Bolivia (16-13 Ma) vs. northern Bolivia (10-7 Ma) and precedes the timing of Subandean propagation in each region. Others have interpreted the paleoclimate shift to reflect either rapid surface uplift due to lithosphere removal or an abrupt change in climate dynamics once orographic threshold elevations were exceeded. These mechanisms are not mutually exclusive and both would drive forward propagation of the orogenic wedge by augmenting the hinterland backstop, either through surface uplift or spatially variable erosion. In summary, we suggest that diachronous Subandean exhumation was driven by piecemeal hinterland uplift, orography, and the outward propagation of deformation. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lease, Richard O.] US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Ehlers, Todd A.; Enkelmann, Eva] Univ Tubingen, Dept Geosci, D-72074 Tubingen, Germany.
[Enkelmann, Eva] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Lease, RO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM rlease@usgs.gov
RI Ehlers, Todd/A-9582-2012;
OI Lease, Richard/0000-0003-2582-8966
FU NSF [0907817]; ERC [615703]
FX This study benefited from thoughtful discussions over the years with N.
McQuarrie, J. Barnes, C. Garzione, and N. Eichelberger. This work was
supported by NSF Grant 0907817 to T.A.E. for data collection and
analysis, and ERC consolidator grant 615703 (to T.A.E.) for support
during data interpretation. Joel Saylor, Jamey Jones, and an anonymous
reviewer are thanked for thorough, constructive reviews. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 120
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U1 8
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 451
BP 62
EP 76
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.004
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DV0GH
UT WOS:000382595500007
ER
PT J
AU Singer, BS
Costa, F
Herrin, JS
Hildreth, W
Fierstein, J
AF Singer, Brad S.
Costa, Fidel
Herrin, Jason S.
Hildreth, Wes
Fierstein, Judy
TI The timing of compositionally-zoned magma reservoirs and mafic 'priming'
weeks before the 1912 Novarupta-Katmai rhyolite eruption
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE rhyolite; eruption; plagioclase; orthopyroxene; diffusion; chronology
ID NATIONAL-PARK; DYKE INJECTION; VOLCANIC ZONE; 10000 SMOKES; ALASKA;
PLAGIOCLASE; MELT; CHAMBERS; VALLEY; EVOLUTION
AB The June, 6, 1912 eruption of more than 13 km(3) of dense rock equivalent (DRE) magma at Novarupta vent, Alaska was the largest of the 20th century. It ejected >7 km(3) of rhyolite, similar to 1.3 km(3) of andesite and similar to 4.6 km(3) of dacite. Early ideas about the origin of pyroclastic flows and magmatic differentiation (e.g., compositional zonation of reservoirs) were shaped by this eruption. Despite being well studied, the timing of events that led to the chemically and mineralogically zoned magma reservoir remain poorly known. Here we provide new insights using the textures and chemical compositions of plagioclase and orthopyroxene crystals and by reevaluating previous U-Th isotope data. Compositional zoning of the magma reservoir likely developed a few thousand years before the eruption by several additions of mafic magma below an extant silicic reservoir. Melt compositions calculated from Sr contents in plagioclase fill the compositional gap between 68 and 76% SiO2 in whole pumice clasts, consistent with uninterrupted crystal growth from a continuum of liquids. Thus, our findings support a general model in which large volumes of crystal-poor rhyolite are related to intermediate magmas through gradual separation of melt from crystal-rich mush. The rhyolite is incubated by, but not mixed with, episodic recharge pulses of mafic magma that interact thermochemically with the mush and intermediate magmas. Hot, Mg-, Ca-, and Al-rich mafic magma intruded into, and mixed with, deeper parts of the reservoir (andesite and dacite) multiple times. Modeling the relaxation of the Fe-Mg concentrations in orthopyroxene and Mg in plagioclase rims indicates that the final recharge event occurred just weeks prior to the eruption. Rapid addition of mass, volatiles, and heat from the recharge magma, perhaps aided by partial melting of cumulate mush below the andesite and dacite, pressurized the reservoir and likely propelled a similar to 10 km lateral dike that allowed the overlying rhyolite to reach the surface. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Singer, Brad S.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Singer, Brad S.; Costa, Fidel; Herrin, Jason S.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Herrin, Jason S.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Facil Anal Characterisat Testing Simulat, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Hildreth, Wes; Fierstein, Judy] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Singer, BS (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, 1215 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM bsinger@geology.wisc.edu; fcosta@eos.sg; jsherrin@ntu.edu.sg;
hildreth@usgs.gov; jflerst@usgs.gov
RI Costa, Fidel/B-7035-2011
OI Costa, Fidel/0000-0002-1409-5325
FU U.S. NSF [EAR-1411779]
FX We thank Richard Hinton and John Craven for assistance during the ion
microprobe sessions at Edinburgh University and Victoria Avery for
sharing her thesis. Singer appreciates a visiting professor appointment
at EOS-NTU, Singapore, where work on this paper commenced. Partially
supported by U.S. NSF grant EAR-1411779. Incisive, thorough and
constructive reviews by Colin Wilson and Olivier Bachmann helped us
clarify many points and are greatly appreciated.
NR 54
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U1 11
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 451
BP 125
EP 137
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.015
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DV0GH
UT WOS:000382595500013
ER
PT J
AU Erwin, SO
Schmidt, JC
Allred, TM
AF Erwin, Susannah O.
Schmidt, John C.
Allred, Tyler M.
TI Post-project geomorphic assessment of a large process-based river
restoration project
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Fluvial geomorphology; River restoration; Gravel-bed river; Sediment
transport
ID STREAM RESTORATION; CHANNEL; MANAGEMENT; CALIFORNIA
AB This study describes channel changes following completion of the Provo River Restoration Project (PRRP), the largest stream restoration project in Utah and one of the largest projects in the United States in which a gravel-bed river was fully reconstructed. We summarize project objectives and the design process, and we analyze monitoring data collected during the first 7 years after project completion. Post-project channel adjustment during the study period included two phases: (i) an initial phase of rapid, but small-scale, adjustment during the first years after stream flow was introduced to the newly constructed channel and (ii) a subsequent period of more gradual topographic adjustment and channel migration. Analysis of aerial imagery and ground-survey data demonstrate that the channel has been more dynamic in the downstream 4 km where a local source contributes a significant annual supply of bed material. Here, the channel migrates and exhibits channel adjustments that are more consistent with project objectives. The upstream 12 km of the PRRP are sediment starved, the channel has been laterally stable, and this condition may not be consistent with large-scale project objectives. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Erwin, Susannah O.; Schmidt, John C.] Utah State Univ, Watershed Sci Dept, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Allred, Tyler M.] Allred Restorat Inc, 5725 West 12000 North, Tremonton, UT 84337 USA.
RP Erwin, SO (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Dr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM serwin@usgs.gov
FU Intermountain Center for River Rehabilitation and Restoration at Utah
State University; S.J. and Jessie E. Quinney Foundation; Utah
Reclamation, Mitigation and Conservation Commission (URMCC)
[11FC-UT-1820]; USGS Ecosystems Mission Area
FX This project received funding from the Intermountain Center for River
Rehabilitation and Restoration at Utah State University, the S.J. and
Jessie E. Quinney Foundation, the Utah Reclamation, Mitigation and
Conservation Commission (URMCC) (Agreement No. 11FC-UT-1820), and the
USGS Ecosystems Mission Area. Darren Olsen, of BioWest Inc., generously
shared data collected during the period of monitoring from 2004 to 2006.
The work presented here would not have been possible without field
assistance provided by numerous individuals, especially Milada Majerova,
Marshall Bailie, and Meagan Polino. We are especially grateful to Peter
Wilcock and Joe Wheaton for numerous thoughtful discussions and site
visits that improved our study design and interpretation of channel
adjustments. Toby Minear and four anonymous reviewers provided very
helpful and constructive comments. Lastly, this project greatly
benefited from assistance provided by Central Utah Water Conservancy
District and from the support of Mark Holden of URMCC. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 270
BP 145
EP 158
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.07.018
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DU6TU
UT WOS:000382348300011
ER
PT J
AU Sonsthagen, SA
Wilson, RE
Chesser, RT
Pons, JM
Crochet, PA
Driskell, A
Dove, C
AF Sonsthagen, Sarah A.
Wilson, Robert E.
Chesser, R. Terry
Pons, Jean-Marc
Crochet, Pierre-Andre
Driskell, Amy
Dove, Carla
TI Recurrent hybridization and recent origin obscure phylogenetic
relationships within the 'white-headed' gull (Larus sp.) complex
SO MOLECULAR PHYLOGENETICS AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Hybridization; Laridae; Multilocus phylogeny; Speciation; White-headed
gulls
ID RECENT SECONDARY CONTACT; HYBRID ZONES; GENE FLOW; HELICONIUS
BUTTERFLIES; REPRODUCTIVE ISOLATION; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MOLECULAR
PHYLOGENY; GENOMIC LANDSCAPE; LOCAL ADAPTATION; SEXUAL SELECTION
AB Species complexes that have undergone recent radiations are often characterized by extensive allele sharing due to recent ancestry and (or) introgressive hybridization. This can result in discordant evolutionary histories of genes and heterogeneous genomes, making delineating species limits difficult. Here we examine the phylogenetic relationships among a complex group of birds, the white-headed gulls (Ayes: Laridae), which offer a unique window into the speciation process due to their recent evolutionary history and propensity to hybridize. Relationships were examined among 17 species (61 populations) using a multilocus approach, including mitochondria] and nuclear intron DNA sequences and microsatellite genotype information. Analyses of microsatellite and intron data resulted in some species-based groupings, although most species were not represented by a single cluster. Considerable allele and haplotype sharing among white-headed gull species was observed; no locus contained a species-specific Glade. Despite this, our multilocus approach provided better resolution among some species than previous studies. Interestingly, most clades appear to correspond to geographic locality: our BEAST analysis recovered strong support for a northern European/Icelandic Glade, a southern European/Russian Glade, and a western North American/cams Glade, with weak evidence for a high latitude Glade spanning North America and northwestern Europe. This geographical structuring is concordant with behavioral observations of pervasive hybridization in areas of secondary contact. The extent of allele and haplotype sharing indicates that ecological and sexual selection are likely not strong enough to complete reproductive isolation within several species in the white-headed gull complex. This suggests that just a few genes are driving the speciation process. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; Dove, Carla] Smithsonian Inst, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Div Birds, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; Driskell, Amy] Smithsonian Inst, Labs Analyt Biol, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Sonsthagen, Sarah A.; Wilson, Robert E.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wilson, Robert E.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Chesser, R. Terry] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Smithsonian Inst, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
[Pons, Jean-Marc] Univ Paris 04, Inst Systemat Evolut Biodivers, Dept Systemat & Evolut, CNRS,MNHN,UPMC,EPHE,UMR 7205, CP 51,55 Rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris 05, France.
[Pons, Jean-Marc] MNHN, CNRS, UMS Outils & Methodes Systemat Integrat OMSI 2700, 57 Rue Cuvier, F-75231 Paris 05, France.
[Crochet, Pierre-Andre] Univ Paul Valery Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE,CEFE UMR 5175, 1919 Route Mende, F-34293 Montpellier 5, France.
RP Sonsthagen, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM ssonsthagen@usgs.gov
FU Federal Aviation Administration (FM); Laboratories of Analytical Biology
and Division of Birds, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian
Institution
FX Funding was provided by the Federal Aviation Administration (FM) and the
Laboratories of Analytical Biology and Division of Birds, National
Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. We thank the
following museums and Dr. David Boertmann for their significant
contributions of tissues for this work; Academy of Natural Sciences of
Philadelphia, American Museum of Natural History, Bell Museum of Natural
History, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture, California Academy
of Sciences, Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Field Museum of
Natural History, Louisiana State University Museum of Natural Science,
Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, Natural History Museum of Los
Angeles County, U.S. National Museum of Natural History, New York State
Museum, Royal Alberta Museum, Royal Ontario Museum, University of Alaska
Anchorage Museum, University of Alaska Museum, University of California
Berkeley Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of Kansas Biodiversity
Institute, and University of Michigan Museum of Zoology. We would also
like to thank the numerous individuals that helped facilitate field work
for the various museums; Jeffrey Hunt, Smithsonian Institution, who
provided technical laboratory support; Christopher Milensky and Faridah
Dahlan, Smithsonian Institution, for assistance with sample collection
and preparation; and Marcy Heacker and Lee Weigt, Smithsonian
Institution, and Kevin Omland, University of Maryland Baltimore County,
for their guidance and advice throughout this project. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 89
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U1 18
U2 18
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 1055-7903
EI 1095-9513
J9 MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL
JI Mol. Phylogenet. Evol.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 103
BP 41
EP 54
DI 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.06.008
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Evolutionary Biology; Genetics &
Heredity
GA DT9PS
UT WOS:000381835400005
PM 27369453
ER
PT J
AU Polgari, M
Hein, JR
Biro, L
Gyollai, I
Nemeth, T
Sajgo, C
Fekete, J
Schwark, L
Pal-Molnar, E
Hamor-Vido, M
Vigh, T
AF Polgari, Marta
Hein, James R.
Biro, Lorant
Gyollai, Ildiko
Nemeth, Tibor
Sajgo, Csanad
Fekete, Jozsef
Schwark, Lorenz
Pal-Molnar, Elemer
Hamor-Vido, Maria
Vigh, Tamas
TI Mineral and chemostratigraphy of a Toarcian black shale hosting
Mn-carbonate microbialites (Urkut, Hungary)
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE T-OAE; Mn-carbonate; Black shale; Multiple proxies; Microbial; Failed
rift; Geothermal circulation
ID OCEANIC ANOXIC EVENT; NORTHERN CALCAREOUS ALPS; RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS;
ROCK-EVAL PYROLYSIS; ORE-DEPOSIT; SW-GERMANY; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS;
GEOCHEMICAL EVIDENCE; MANGANESE DEPOSITS; ISOTOPE EVIDENCE
AB Toarcian black shale that hosts Mn-carbonate microbialites at Urkut, Hungary was investigated by mineralogical, inorganic, and organic geochemical methods for characterization and comparison with other European black shales representative of the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event. Based on the authigenic mineral composition, calculations were made to estimate environmental conditions during sediment accumulation and early diagenesis. Geochemical and petrographic results of organic, carbonate, and REE multiple-proxy analyses revealed a strong congruence between the host black shale and the Mn-carbonate ore beds. The Urkut black shale is really a gray shale with moderate to low TOC contents that accumulated in a starved basin. The organic matter and anoxic characteristics resulted from rapid accumulation of organic matter from microbial booms, accompanied by a geothermally generated hydrothermal circulation system, and a high rate of authigenic mineral formation (clay minerals and proto-ore minerals). The inferred enzymatic Mn and Fe oxidation blocked carbonate formation by decreasing the pH. The system remained suboxic via syngenetic mineral accumulation (Fe-rich biomats), and became anoxic during diagenesis in conjunction with pyrite generation. The separation of black shale beds and Mn-ore beds is not distinct through the section. Instead, a distal hydrothermally induced clay-rich authigenic assemblage (marlstone) best describes the black shale, in which Mn-oxide proto-ore beds (Mn-rich laminae) formed from the beginning of black shale deposition, when the oxygen supply in the sedimentary basin was insufficient for enzymatic Mn(II) oxidation. Mn-oxide proto-ore was transformed to Mn-carbonate ore during microbially mediated processes during early diagenesis. The drivers for Mn-bearing organic matter-rich marlstones were most probably a combination of regional and local processes, with generation of a tectonic rift system that promoted geothermally generated hydrothermal fluids, which initiated microbial blooms. Black shale mineralogy, geochemistry, and organic matter at Uncut differ from those of the epicontinental shelf black shales of the Tethyan Ocean. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Biro, Lorant; Gyollai, Ildiko; Nemeth, Tibor; Sajgo, Csanad; Fekete, Jozsef; Hamor-Vido, Maria] Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geochem, Geobiomineralizat & Astrobiol Res Grp, Res Ctr Astron & Geosci, Budaorsi Str 45, H-1112 Budapest, Hungary.
[Polgari, Marta] Eszterhazy Karoly Coll, Dept Nat Geog & Geoinformat, Leanyka Str 6, H-3300 Eger, Hungary.
[Hein, James R.] USGS, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Schwark, Lorenz] CAU, Kiel, Germany.
[Pal-Molnar, Elemer] Univ Szeged, Dept Mineral Geochem & Petrol, Egyet Str 2-6, H-6702 Szeged, Hungary.
[Vigh, Tamas] Mangan Ltd, Kulterulet 1, H-8409 Urkut, Hungary.
RP Polgari, M (reprint author), Hungarian Acad Sci, Inst Geol & Geochem, Geobiomineralizat & Astrobiol Res Grp, Res Ctr Astron & Geosci, Budaorsi Str 45, H-1112 Budapest, Hungary.
EM rodokrozit@gmail.com; jhein@usgs.gov; ls@gpi.uni-kiel.de;
palm@geo.u-szeged.hu; manganvigh@vnet.hu
FU National Research Development and Innovation Office, Hungary [120242]
FX The study was supported by the research fund no. 120242 of the National
Research Development and Innovation Office, Hungary. S. A. Gerdes and N.
Zajzon offered samples, which is highly appreciated. We thank the
careful reviews and constructive suggestions provided by Jan Pasava, and
the editor.
NR 129
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U1 11
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
EI 1872-616X
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 459
BP 99
EP 120
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.06.030
PG 22
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA DV0EU
UT WOS:000382591600009
ER
PT J
AU Battaglin, WA
Smalling, KL
Anderson, C
Calhoun, D
Chestnut, T
Muths, E
AF Battaglin, W. A.
Smalling, K. L.
Anderson, C.
Calhoun, D.
Chestnut, T.
Muths, E.
TI Potential interactions among disease, pesticides, water quality and
adjacent land cover in amphibian habitats in the United States
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Pesticides; Amphibians; Habitat quality; Tissue; Land use;
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
ID FUNGUS BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE;
GLYPHOSATE-BASED HERBICIDE; TARGETED USE AREAS; CHYTRID FUNGUS; ORGANIC
CONTAMINANTS; ACUTE TOXICITY; RIVER-BASIN; FUNGICIDE FORMULATIONS;
PATHOGENIC FUNGUS
AB To investigate interactions among disease, pesticides, water quality, and adjacent land cover, we collected samples of water, sediment, and frog tissue from 21 sites in 7 States in the United States (US) representing a variety of amphibian habitats. All samples were analyzed for >90 pesticides and pesticide degradates, and water and frogs were screened for the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) using molecular methods. Pesticides and pesticide degradates were detected frequently in frog breeding habitats (water and sediment) as well as in frog tissue. Fungicides occurred more frequently in water, sediment, and tissue than was expected based upon their limited use relative to herbicides or insecticides. Pesticide occurrence in water or sediment was not a strong predictor of occurrence in tissue, but pesticide concentrations in tissue were correlated positively to agricultural and urban land, and negatively to forested land in 2-km buffers around the sites. Bd was detected in water at 45% of sites, and on 34% of swabbed frogs. Bd detections in water were not associated with differences in land use around sites, but sites with detections had colder water. Frogs that tested positive for Bd were associated with sites that had higher total fungicide concentrations in water and sediment, but lower insecticide concentrations in sediments relative to frogs that were Bd negative. Bd concentrations on frog swabs were positively correlated to dissolved organic carbon, and total nitrogen and phosphorus, and negatively correlated to pH and water temperature.
Data were collected from a range of locations and amphibian habitats and represent some of the first field-collected information aimed at understanding the interactions between pesticides, land use, and amphibian disease. These interactions are of particular interest to conservation efforts as many amphibians live in altered habitats and may depend on wetlands embedded in these landscapes to survive. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Battaglin, W. A.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Smalling, K. L.] US Geol Survey, New Jersey Water Sci Ctr, Lawrenceville, NJ USA.
[Anderson, C.] US Geol Survey, Oregon Water Sci Ctr, Portland, OR USA.
[Calhoun, D.] US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA.
[Chestnut, T.] Natl Pk Serv, Mt Rainer Natl Pk, Ashford, WA USA.
[Muths, E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Battaglin, WA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
OI Calhoun, Daniel/0000-0003-2371-6936
FU USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI); USGS Toxic
Substances Hydrology Program
FX This study was funded by the USGS Amphibian Research and Monitoring
Initiative (ARMI) with additional support from the USGS Toxic Substances
Hydrology Program. The managers of the sources of funding did not
participate in the design of the study, nor in the interpretation or
writing of the manuscript. All such decisions were solely made by the
authors.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 566
BP 320
EP 332
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.062
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8VK
UT WOS:000381060900035
PM 27232962
ER
PT J
AU Givens, CE
Kolpin, DW
Borchardt, MA
Duris, JW
Moorman, TB
Spencer, SK
AF Givens, Carrie E.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Borchardt, Mark A.
Duris, Joseph W.
Moorman, Thomas B.
Spencer, Susan K.
TI Detection of hepatitis E virus and other livestock-related pathogens in
Iowa streams
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Zoonotic pathogens; Hepatitis E virus; Indicator bacteria; Animal
agriculture; Water quality; Environmental health
ID RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECIUM; TILE DRAINAGE; MOLECULAR
CHARACTERIZATION; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
WATER-RESOURCES; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; PIG MANURE; SWINE
AB Manure application is a source of pathogens to the environment. Through overland runoff and tile drainage, zoonotic pathogens can contaminate surface water and streambed sediment and could affect both wildlife and human health. This study examined the environmental occurrence of gene markers for livestock-related bacterial, protozoan, and viral pathogens and antibiotic resistance in surface waters within the South Fork Iowa River basin before and after periods of swine manure application on agricultural land. Increased concentrations of indicator bacteria after manure application exceeding Iowa's state bacteria water quality standards suggest that swine manure contributes to diminished water quality and may pose a risk to human health. Additionally, the occurrence of HEV and numerous bacterial pathogen genes for Escherichia coli, Enterococcus spp., Salmonella sp., and Staphylococcus aureus in both manure samples and in corresponding surface water following periods of manure application suggests a potential role for swine in the spreading of zoonotic pathogens to the surrounding environment. During this study, several zoonotic pathogens were detected including Shiga-toxin producing E. coli, Campylobacter jejuni, pathogenic enterococci, and S. aureus; all of which can pose mild to serious health risks to swine, humans, and other wildlife. This research provides the foundational understanding required for future assessment of the risk to environmental health from livestock-related zoonotic pathogen exposures in this region. This information could also be important for maintaining swine herd biosecurity and protecting the health of wildlife near swine facilities. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Givens, Carrie E.; Duris, Joseph W.] US Geol Survey, 6520 Mercantile Way,Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, 400 South Clinton St, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
[Borchardt, Mark A.; Spencer, Susan K.] USDA ARS, 2615 Yellowstone Dr, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA.
[Moorman, Thomas B.] USDA ARS, 2110 Univ Blvd, Ames, IA 50011 USA.
RP Givens, CE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 6520 Mercantile Way,Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
EM cgivens@usgs.gov
FU Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was funded by the Toxic Substances Hydrology Program, U.S.
Geological Survey. We thank Kevin Cole (USDA); Jessica Garrett and
Shannon Meppelink (USGS Iowa Water Science Center; Iowa City, IA);
Heather Johnson (USGS Michigan-Ohio Water Science Center; Lansing, MI);
and Hana Millen, Jordan Gonnering, and Jackson Borchardt (Marshfield)
for sample collection and processing assistance. We thank Donna Francy
(USGS Michigan-Ohio Water Science Center; Columbus, OH) and Dale Griffin
(USGS; St. Petersburg, FL) for their technical comments. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 566
BP 1042
EP 1051
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.123
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8VK
UT WOS:000381060900099
PM 27318519
ER
PT J
AU Zirkle, KW
Nolan, BT
Jones, RR
Weyer, PJ
Ward, MH
Wheeler, DC
AF Zirkle, Keith W.
Nolan, Bernard T.
Jones, Rena R.
Weyer, Peter J.
Ward, Mary H.
Wheeler, David C.
TI Assessing the relationship between groundwater nitrate and animal
feeding operations in Iowa (USA)
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Nitrate; Drinking water; Private wells; Animal feeding operations;
Generalized additive models; Spatial cluster; Spatial clustering
ID PUBLIC WATER-SUPPLIES; DRINKING-WATER; RISK; WELLS; CONTAMINATION;
VULNERABILITY; DEFECTS; DISEASE; AQUIFER; QUALITY
AB Nitrate-nitrogen is a common contaminant of drinking water in many agricultural areas of the United States of America (USA). Ingested nitrate from contaminated drinking water has been linked to an increased risk of several cancers, specific birth defects, and other diseases. In this research, we assessed the relationship between animal feeding operations (AFOs) and groundwater nitrate in private wells in Iowa. We characterized AFOs by swine and total animal units and type (open, confined, or mixed), and we evaluated the number and spatial intensities of AFOs in proximity to private wells. The types of AFO indicate the extent to which a facility is enclosed by a roof. Using linear regression models, we found significant positive associations between the total number of AFOs-within 2 km of a well (p trend < 0.001), number of open AFOs within 5 km of a well (p trend < 0.001), and number of mixed AFOs within 30 km of a well (p trend < 0.001) and the log nitrate concentration. Additionally, we found significant increases in log nitrate in the top quartiles for AFO spatial intensity, open AFO spatial intensity, and mixed AFO spatial intensity compared to the bottom quartile (0.171 log(mg/L), 0.319 log(mg/L), and 0.541 log(mg/L), respectively; all p < 0.001). We also explored the spatial distribution of nitrate-nitrogen in drinking wells and found significant spatial clustering of high-nitrate wells (>5 mg/L) compared with low-nitrate (<= 5 mg/L) wells (p = 0.001). A generalized additive model for high-nitrate status identified statistically significant areas of risk for high levels of nitrate. Adjustment for some AFO predictor variables explained a portion of the elevated nitrate risk. These results support a relationship between animal feeding operations and groundwater nitrate concentrations and differences in nitrate loss from confined AFOs vs. open or mixed types. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zirkle, Keith W.; Wheeler, David C.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, 830 East Main St, Richmond, VA 23298 USA.
[Nolan, Bernard T.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
[Jones, Rena R.; Ward, Mary H.] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA.
[Weyer, Peter J.] Univ Iowa, Ctr Hlth Effects Environm Contaminat, Iowa City, IA USA.
RP Zirkle, KW (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, 830 East Main St, Richmond, VA 23298 USA.
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [T32
ES007334]; Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute
FX The project described was supported by grant number T32 ES007334 from
the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). This
study was also supported by the Intramural Research Program of the
National Cancer Institute. The publication contents are solely the
responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the
official views of the NIEHS or NIH.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 566
BP 1062
EP 1068
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.05.130
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8VK
UT WOS:000381060900101
PM 27277210
ER
PT J
AU Preston, TM
Kim, K
AF Preston, Todd M.
Kim, Kevin
TI Land cover changes associated with recent energy development in the
Williston Basin; Northern Great Plains, USA
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Land use change; Agriculture; Prairie; Disturbance; Reclamation; Oil and
gas development
ID NATURAL-GAS FIELD; UNITED-STATES; GRASSLAND SONGBIRDS; HABITAT LOSS;
OIL; URBANIZATION; COMMUNITIES; DISTURBANCE; EFFICIENCY; SELECTION
AB The Williston Basin in the Northern Great Plains has experienced rapid energy development since 2000. To evaluate the land cover changes resulting from recent (2000-2015) development, the area and previous land cover of all well pads (pads) constructed during this time were determined, the amount of disturbed and reclaimed land adjacent to pads was estimated, land cover changes were analyzed over time for three different well types, and the effects from future development were predicted. The previous land cover of the 12,990 ha converted to pads was predominately agricultural (49.5%) or prairie (47.4%) with lesser amounts of developed (2.3%), aquatic (0.5%), and forest (0.4%). Additionally, 12,121 ha has likely been disturbed and reclaimed. The area required per gas well remained constant through time while the land required per oil well increased initially and then decreased as development first shifted from conventional to unconventional drilling and then to multi-bore pads. For non-oil-and-gas wells (i.e. stratigraphic test wells, water wells, and injection wells), the area per well increased through time likely due to increased produced water disposal requirements. Future land cover change is expected to be 2.7 times greater than recent development with much of the development occurring in five counties in the core Bakken development area. Direct land cover change and disturbance from recent and expected development are predicted to affect 0.4% of the landscape across the basin; however, in the core Bakken development area, 2.3% of the landscape will be affected including 2.1% of the remaining grassland. Although future development will result in significant land cover change, evolving industry practices and proactive siting decisions, such as development along energy corridors and placing pads in areas previously altered by human activity, have the potential to reduce the ecological effects of future energy development in the Williston Basin. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Preston, Todd M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2317 Univ St 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Kim, Kevin] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Preston, TM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2317 Univ St 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM tmpreston@usgs.gov; kkim@usgs.gov
OI Preston, Todd/0000-0002-8812-9233
FU U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area [RR0099M]
FX The U.S. Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area (Project Number
RR0099M Task 9) contributed initial funding for project development. The
U.S. Geological Survey Secondary Transition to Employment Program
provided analytical support for well pad delineation. We thank Alisa
Gallant and Robb Diehl, both with the USGS, for insight into the use of
the RLCM protocol and comments that improved the manuscript,
respectively.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 566
BP 1511
EP 1518
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.038
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8VK
UT WOS:000381060900145
PM 27318516
ER
PT J
AU Mills, TJ
Mast, MA
Thomas, J
Keith, G
AF Mills, Taylor J.
Mast, M. Alisa
Thomas, Judith
Keith, Gabrielle
TI Controls on selenium distribution and mobilization in an irrigated
shallow groundwater system underlain by Mancos Shale, Uncompahgre River
Basin, Colorado, USA
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Selenium; Groundwater; Nitrogen isotopes; Mancos Shale
ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; KESTERSON RESERVOIR;
ALLUVIAL SOILS; GEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES; IRON OXYHYDROXIDE; SOUTH-DAKOTA;
ADSORPTION; CALIFORNIA; SELENATE
AB Elevated selenium (Se) concentrations in surface water and groundwater have become a concern in areas of the Western United States due to the deleterious effects of Se on aquatic ecosystems. Elevated Se concentrations are most prevalent in irrigated alluvial valleys underlain by Se-bearing marine shales where Se can be leached from geologic materials into the shallow groundwater and surface water systems. This study presents groundwater chemistry and solid-phase geochemical data from the Uncompahgre River Basin in Western Colorado, an irrigated alluvial landscape underlain by Se-rich Cretaceous marine shale. We analyzed Se species, major and trace elements, and stable nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate in groundwater and aquifer sediments to examine processes governing selenium release and transport in the shallow groundwater system. Groundwater Se concentrations ranged from below detection limit (<0.5 mu g L-1) to 4070 mu g L-1, and primarily are controlled by high groundwater nitrate concentrations that maintain oxidizing conditions in the aquifer despite low dissolved oxygen concentrations. High nitrate concentrations in non-irrigated soils and nitrate isotopes indicate nitrate is largely derived from natural sources in the Mancos Shale and alluvialmaterial. Thus, in contrast to areas that receive substantial NO3 inputs through inorganic fertilizer application, Se mitigation efforts that involve limiting NO3 application might have little impact on groundwater Se concentrations in the study area. Soluble salts are the primary source of Se to the groundwater systemin the study area at-present, but they constitute a small percentage of the total Se content of core material. Sequential extraction results indicate insoluble Se is likely composed of reduced Se in recalcitrant organic matter or discrete selenide phases. Oxidation of reduced Se species that constitute the majority of the Se pool in the study area could be a potential source of Se in the future as soluble salts are progressively depleted. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Mills, Taylor J.; Mast, M. Alisa; Thomas, Judith; Keith, Gabrielle] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Mills, TJ (reprint author), Denver Fed Ctr, MS-415, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
FU Colorado Water Conservation Board Species Conservation Fund; USGS
Cooperative Water Program
FX This work was supported by funding from Colorado Water Conservation
Board Species Conservation Fund and USGS Cooperative Water Program.
Richard Healy of the USGS provided helpful comments on an earlier
version of the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 1
PY 2016
VL 566
BP 1621
EP 1631
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.063
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8VK
UT WOS:000381060900156
PM 27320741
ER
PT J
AU Mehrabi, B
Siani, MG
Goldfarb, R
Azizi, H
Ganerod, M
Marsh, EE
AF Mehrabi, Behzad
Siani, Majid Ghasemi
Goldfarb, Richard
Azizi, Hossein
Ganerod, Morgan
Marsh, Erin Elizabeth
TI Mineral assemblages, fluid evolution, and genesis of polymetallic
epithermal veins, Glojeh district, NW Iran
SO ORE GEOLOGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Glojeh epithermal veins; Fluid inclusion; Stable isotope; Geochronology;
Mineralization; Fluid evolution; Genesis
ID PEARCEITE-POLYBASITE GROUP; HYDROTHERMAL ORE-DEPOSITS; ACID-SULFATE
ALTERATION; SOLID-STATE DIFFUSION; CHALCOPYRITE DISEASE; ISOTOPE
GEOCHEMISTRY; PHASE-RELATIONS; MAGMATIC VAPOR; OXYGEN-ISOTOPE; GOLD
DEPOSIT
AB The Glojeh district contains silver- and base metal-rich epithermal veins and is one of the most highly mineralized locations in the Tarom-Hashtjin metallogenic province, northwestern Iran. It consists of four major epithermal veins, which are located in the South Glojeh and North Glojeh areas. Alteration in the Glojeh district consists of propylitic, sericitic, and argillic assemblages, as well as extensive silicification. The ore-bearing veins comprise three paragenetic stages: (1) early Cu-Au-As-Sb-Fe-bearing minerals, (2) middle stage Pb-Zn-Cu-Cd-Ag-bearing minerals, and (3) late hematite-Ag-Bi-Au-Pb mineralogy. The veins are best classified as the product of an early high-sulfidation hydrothermal system, which was overprinted by an intermediate sulfidation system that was rich in Ag and base metals. Hematite is locally altered to goethite in zones of as much as 40 m in width during supergene alteration and the goethite is an important exploration tool. Fluid inclusions from the early, middle, and late stages, respectively, have salinities and homogenizations temperatures ranging from 5 to 11 wt.% NaCl eq. and 220 degrees C to 340 degrees C, to 1 to 8 wt% NaCl eq. and 200 degrees C to 290 degrees C and finally to. 0.1 to 2 wt.% NaCl eq. and 150 degrees C to 200 degrees C. The oxygen isotope values in quartz range from 8.8 to 13.3 parts per thousand and most calculated fluid delta O-18 values are between 4 and 8 parts per thousand, suggesting a magmatic fluid with some meteoric water contamination. Sulfur isotope values for chalcopyrite, pyrite, sphalerite, and galena are mainly -7.3 to +13 parts per thousand and -0.3 to +8.4 parts per thousand for North Glojeh and South Glojeh, respectively. Sulfur isotope data suggest a magmatic origin. Boiling, isothermal mixing, and dilution are the main mechanisms for ore deposition in the Glojeh veins. Recent Ar-40/Ar-39 age measurements of 42.20 +/- 0.34 Ma and 42.56 +/- 1.47 Ma for the North Glojeh and South Glojeh veins, respectively, overlap with the 41.87 +/- 1.58 Ma age of the Goljin intrusion in the northern part of the district, which we interpret as the main heat source controlling the hydrothermal systems. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mehrabi, Behzad; Siani, Majid Ghasemi] Kharazmi Univ, Fac Earth Sci, Dept Geochem, Tehran, Iran.
[Goldfarb, Richard; Marsh, Erin Elizabeth] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Azizi, Hossein] Univ Kurdistan, Fac Engn, Min Dept, Sanandaj, Iran.
[Ganerod, Morgan] Geol Survey Norway NGU, Leiv Eirikssons vei 39, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway.
RP Mehrabi, B (reprint author), Kharazmi Univ, Fac Earth Sci, Dept Geochem, Tehran, Iran.
EM mehrabi@khu.ac.ir
OI Azizi, Hossein/0000-0001-5686-4340
FU Mirmohamadi Foundation [G-21390]
FX Authors would like to thank the IMIDRO and IMPRC for technical support
and Prof. Mirmohamadi Foundation (G-21390) for partial financial
support. Authors also like to thank Prof. F. Pirajno and J.W. Mao for
through review and constructive comments.
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-1368
EI 1872-7360
J9 ORE GEOL REV
JI Ore Geol. Rev.
PD OCT
PY 2016
VL 78
BP 41
EP 57
DI 10.1016/j.oregeorev.2016.03.016
PG 17
WC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Geology; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA DP4EZ
UT WOS:000378450300003
ER
PT J
AU Madej, MA
Wohl, E
AF Madej, Mary Ann
Wohl, Ellen
TI Introduction to Special Issue on Carbon and Landscape Dynamics
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE carbon; geomorphology; landscape dynamics
ID PARTICULATE ORGANIC-CARBON; TRANSPORT; DIOXIDE; EROSION; SEQUESTRATION;
ATMOSPHERE; SYSTEMS; STORAGE; BURIAL; OCEANS
C1 [Madej, Mary Ann] USGS, Redwood Field Stn, Reston, VA USA.
[Wohl, Ellen] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Wohl, E (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Geosci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM ellenw@cnr.colostate.edu
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
EI 1096-9837
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD SEP 30
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 12
BP 1790
EP 1792
DI 10.1002/esp.3983
PG 3
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DW4MC
UT WOS:000383616200011
ER
PT J
AU Fathel, S
Furbish, D
Schmeeckle, M
AF Fathel, Siobhan
Furbish, David
Schmeeckle, Mark
TI Parsing anomalous versus normal diffusive behavior of bedload sediment
particles
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE bedload sediment transport; anomalous diffusion; inhomogeneous
diffusion; Brownian diffusion
ID TRANSPORT RATES; BED; MOTION; STATISTICS; PICTURE; RIVERS
AB Bedload sediment transport is the basic physical ingredient of river evolution. Formulae exist for estimating transport rates, but the diffusive contribution to the sediment flux, and the associated spreading rate of tracer particles, are not clearly understood. The start-and-stop motions of sediment particles transported as bedload on a streambed mimic aspects of the Einstein-Smoluchowski description of the random-walk motions of Brownian particles. Using this touchstone description, recent work suggests the presence of anomalous diffusion, where the particle spreading rate differs from the linear dependence with time of Brownian behavior. We demonstrate that conventional measures of particle spreading reveal different attributes of bedload particle behavior depending on details of the calculation. When we view particle motions over start-and-stop timescales obtained from high-speed (250 Hz) imaging of coarse-sand particles, high-resolution measurements reveal ballistic-like behavior at the shortest (10(-2) s) timescale, followed by apparent anomalous behavior due to correlated random walks in transition to normal diffusion (>10(-1) s) - similar to Brownian particle behavior but involving distinctly different physics. However, when treated as a virtual plume' over this timescale range, particles exhibit inhomogeneous diffusive behavior because both the mean and the variance of particle travel distances increase nonlinearly with increasing travel times, a behavior that is unrelated to anomalous diffusion or to Brownian-like behavior. Our results indicate that care is needed in suggesting anomalous behavior when appealing to conventional measures of diffusion formulated for ideal particle systems. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Fathel, Siobhan; Furbish, David] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Fathel, Siobhan; Furbish, David] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Schmeeckle, Mark] US Geol Survey, Geomorphol & Sediment Transport Lab, Golden, CO USA.
RP Fathel, S (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM siobhan.fathel@Vanderbilt.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1226076, EAR-1226288]
FX We appreciate critical discussions with Peter Haff, Rina Schumer and
Raleigh Martin, we thank Kate Leary for her help with the experiments,
and we acknowledge support by the National Science Foundation
(EAR-1226076, EAR-1226288).We also appreciate the critical reviews of
Joris Heyman and Alessio Radice.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
EI 1096-9837
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD SEP 30
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 12
BP 1797
EP 1803
DI 10.1002/esp.3994
PG 7
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DW4MC
UT WOS:000383616200013
ER
PT J
AU Kellogg, CA
Ross, SW
Brooke, SD
AF Kellogg, Christina A.
Ross, Steve W.
Brooke, Sandra D.
TI Bacterial community diversity of the deep-sea octocoral Paramuricea
placomus
SO PEERJ
LA English
DT Article
DE Cold-water coral; Bacteria; Gorgonian; Submarine canyon; Microbiome
ID CORAL LOPHELIA-PERTUSA; COLD-WATER CORALS; FIXATION ACETYLENE-REDUCTION;
NITROGEN-FIXING BACTERIA; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; GULF-OF-MEXICO;
PHYLOGENETIC CHARACTERIZATION; POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; MICROBIAL
COMMUNITIES; CULTURABLE BACTERIA
AB Compared to tropical corals, muth less is known about deep-sea coral biology and ecology. Although the microbial communities of some deep-sea corals have been described this is the first study to characterize the bacterial community associated wide) the deep-sea octocoral, Paramuncea Placornus. Samples from five colonies of P. placomus were collected from Baltimore Canyon (379-382 m depth) in the Atlantic Ocean off the east coast of the United States of America. DNA was extracted from the coral samples and 16S rRNA gene amplicons were pyrosequenced using V4-V5 primers. Three samples sequenced deeply (>4,000 sequences each) and were further analyzed. The dominant microbial phylum was Proteobacteria, but other major phyla included Firmicutes and Planctomycetes. A conserved community of bacterial taxa held in common across the three P. placomus colonies was identified, comprising 68-90% of the total bacterial community depending on the coral individual. The bacterial community of P. placomus does not appear to include the genus Endozoicomonas, which has been found previously to be the dominant bacterial associate in several temperate and tropical gorgonians. Inferred functionality suggests the possibility of nitrogen cycling by the core bacterial community.
C1 [Kellogg, Christina A.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Ross, Steve W.] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Ctr Marine Sci, Wilmington, NC USA.
[Brooke, Sandra D.] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, St Teresa, FL USA.
RP Kellogg, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, St Petersburg Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
EM ckellogg@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey's Ecosystems Mission Area, Environments Program
through the Outer Continental Shelf study on Mid-Atlantic Canyons;
National Oceanographic Partnership Program; Bureau of Ocean Energy
Management (BOEM) [M10PC00100]
FX Funding for this project was provided by the US Geological Survey's
Ecosystems Mission Area, Environments Program through the Outer
Continental Shelf study on Mid-Atlantic Canyons. Additional funding was
sponsored by the National Oceanographic Partnership Program and supplied
by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) contract number
M10PC00100 (contracted to CSA Ocean Sciences, Inc.). The Nancy Foster
and Kraken II were provided by the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
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PI LONDON
PA 341-345 OLD ST, THIRD FLR, LONDON, EC1V 9LL, ENGLAND
SN 2167-8359
J9 PEERJ
JI PeerJ
PD SEP 29
PY 2016
VL 4
AR e2529
DI 10.7717/peerj.2529
PG 25
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DZ1BB
UT WOS:000385572500006
PM 27703865
ER
PT J
AU Mikle, N
Graves, TA
Kovach, R
Kendall, KC
Macleod, AC
AF Mikle, Nate
Graves, Tabitha A.
Kovach, Ryan
Kendall, Katherine C.
Macleod, Amy C.
TI Demographic mechanisms underpinning genetic assimilation of remnant
groups of a large carnivore
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic diversity; parentage; reproduction; migration; range expansion;
dispersal
ID BROWN BEAR POPULATION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; RANGE
EXPANSION; URSUS-ARCTOS; GRIZZLY BEARS; CANIS-LUPUS; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; LANDSCAPE GENETICS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA
AB Current range expansions of large terrestrial carnivores are occurring following human-induced range contraction. Contractions are often incomplete, leaving small remnant groups in refugia throughout the former range. Little is known about the underlying ecological and evolutionary processes that influence how remnant groups are affected during range expansion. We used data from a spatially explicit, long-term genetic sampling effort of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (NCDE), USA, to identify the demographic processes underlying spatial and temporal patterns of genetic diversity. We conducted parentage analysis to evaluate how reproductive success and dispersal contribute to spatio-temporal patterns of genetic diversity in remnant groups of grizzly bears existing in the southwestern (SW), southeastern (SE) and east-central (EC) regions of the NCDE. A few reproductively dominant individuals and local inbreeding caused low genetic diversity in peripheral regions that may have persisted for multiple generations before eroding rapidly (approx. one generation) during population expansion. Our results highlight that individual-level genetic and reproductive dynamics play critical roles during genetic assimilation, and show that spatial patterns of genetic diversity on the leading edge of an expansion may result from historical demographic patterns that are highly ephemeral.
C1 [Mikle, Nate; Graves, Tabitha A.; Kovach, Ryan; Kendall, Katherine C.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 38 Mather Dr,POB 169, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
[Macleod, Amy C.] Univ Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
RP Mikle, N (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 38 Mather Dr,POB 169, West Glacier, MT 59936 USA.
EM nmikle@usgs.gov
FU USGS; USFS; NSF DEB [0919239]; David H. Smith Postdoctoral fellowship
FX In addition to primary funding from USGS and USFS, NSF DEB grant no.
0919239, the David H. Smith Postdoctoral fellowship, and especially
support from the Glacier National Park Conservancy enabled this
analysis.
NR 87
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U1 5
U2 5
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD SEP 28
PY 2016
VL 283
IS 1839
AR 20161467
DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.1467
PG 9
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA EA3GG
UT WOS:000386489200014
ER
PT J
AU Reichert, BE
Kendall, WL
Fletcher, RJ
Kitchens, WM
AF Reichert, Brian E.
Kendall, William L.
Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.
Kitchens, Wiley M.
TI Spatio-Temporal Variation in Age Structure and Abundance of the
Endangered Snail Kite: Pooling across Regions Masks a Declining and
Aging Population
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID LIFE-HISTORY; MODELS; MANAGEMENT; DYNAMICS; HABITAT; FLORIDA; MOVEMENT;
SURVIVAL; PROBABILITIES; CONSEQUENCES
AB While variation in age structure over time and space has long been considered important for population dynamics and conservation, reliable estimates of such spatio-temporal variation in age structure have been elusive for wild vertebrate populations. This limitation has arisen because of problems of imperfect detection, the potential for temporary emigration impacting assessments of age structure, and limited information on age. However, identifying patterns in age structure is important for making reliable predictions of both short-and long-term dynamics of populations of conservation concern. Using a multistate superpopulation estimator, we estimated region-specific abundance and age structure (the proportion of individuals within each age class) of a highly endangered population of snail kites for two separate regions in Florida over 17 years (1997-2013). We find that in the southern region of the snail kite-a region known to be critical for the long-term persistence of the species-the population has declined significantly since 1997, and during this time, it has increasingly become dominated by older snail kites (> 12 years old). In contrast, in the northern region-a region historically thought to serve primarily as drought refugia-the population has increased significantly since 2007 and age structure is more evenly distributed among age classes. Given that snail kites show senescence at approximately 13 years of age, where individuals suffer higher mortality rates and lower breeding rates, these results reveal an alarming trend for the southern region. Our work illustrates the importance of accounting for spatial structure when assessing changes in abundance and age distribution and the need for monitoring of age structure in imperiled species.
C1 [Reichert, Brian E.; Fletcher, Robert J., Jr.; Kitchens, Wiley M.] Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Kendall, William L.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Reichert, BE (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM breich@ufl.edu
FU US Army Corps of Engineers [W912HZ-15-2-0010]; US Fish and Wildlife
Service [401819G578]; St Johns River Water Management District [27814];
US Geological Survey [G15AC00229]
FX Financial support was provided by the US Army Corps of Engineers-project
#W912HZ-15-2-0010 (http://www.saj.usace.army.mil/), US Fish and Wildlife
Service-project #401819G578 (http://www.fws.gov/verobeach/), St Johns
River Water Management District-project #27814
(http://floridaswater.com/), and US Geological Survey-project
#G15AC00229 (http://www.usgs.gov/). The funders had no role in study
design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or
preparation of the manuscript.
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U1 5
U2 5
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 28
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 9
AR e0162690
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0162690
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DX2BH
UT WOS:000384171400017
PM 27681854
ER
PT J
AU Love, JJ
Pulkkinen, A
Bedrosian, PA
Jonas, S
Kelbert, A
Rigler, EJ
Finn, CA
Balch, CC
Rutledge, R
Waggel, RM
Sabata, AT
Kozyra, JU
Black, CE
AF Love, Jeffrey J.
Pulkkinen, Antti
Bedrosian, Paul A.
Jonas, Seth
Kelbert, Anna
Rigler, E. Joshua
Finn, Carol A.
Balch, Christopher C.
Rutledge, Robert
Waggel, Richard M.
Sabata, Andrew T.
Kozyra, Janet U.
Black, Carrie E.
TI Geoelectric hazard maps for the continental United States
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID GEOMAGNETICALLY INDUCED CURRENTS; USARRAY MAGNETOTELLURIC DATA;
ELECTRICAL-RESISTIVITY; EARTH; SYSTEM; NETWORK; FIELDS; SPACE; STORM
AB In support of a multiagency project for assessing induction hazards, we present maps of extreme-value geoelectric amplitudes over about half of the continental United States. These maps are constructed using a parameterization of induction: estimates of Earth surface impedance, obtained at discrete geographic sites from magnetotelluric survey data, are convolved with latitude-dependent statistical maps of extreme-value geomagnetic activity, obtained from decades of magnetic observatory data. Geoelectric amplitudes are estimated for geomagnetic waveforms having 240 s sinusoidal period and amplitudes over 10 min that exceed a once-per-century threshold. As a result of the combination of geographic differences in geomagnetic activity and Earth surface impedance, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes span more than 2 orders of magnitude and are an intricate function of location. For north-south induction, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes across large parts of the United States have a median value of 0.26 V/km; for east-west geomagnetic variation the median value is 0.23 V/km. At some locations, once-per-century geoelectric amplitudes exceed 3 V/km.
C1 [Love, Jeffrey J.; Kelbert, Anna; Rigler, E. Joshua; Finn, Carol A.] US Geol Survey, Geomagnetism Program, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Pulkkinen, Antti] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Bedrosian, Paul A.] US Geol Survey, Crustal Geophys & Geochem Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Jonas, Seth] Inst Def Anal, Sci & Technol Policy Inst, Washington, DC USA.
[Balch, Christopher C.; Rutledge, Robert] NOAA, Space Weather Predict Ctr, Boulder, CO USA.
[Waggel, Richard M.] Fed Energy Regulatory Commiss, Off Energy Infrastruct Secur, Washington, DC USA.
[Sabata, Andrew T.] Fed Emergency Management Assoc, Denton, TX USA.
[Kozyra, Janet U.; Black, Carrie E.] Natl Sci Fdn, 4201 Wilson Blvd, Arlington, VA 22230 USA.
RP Love, JJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geomagnetism Program, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jlove@usgs.gov
OI Kelbert, Anna/0000-0003-4395-398X
FU operation of magnetic observatories and INTERMAGNET for promoting high
standards of observatory practice
FX We thank J. Campanya, A.D. Chave, J. McCarthy, R. Sharma, J.L. Slate, A.
Veeramany, and J.R. Woodroffe for reviewing a draft manuscript. We thank
E.E. Bernabeu, W.S. Leith, and W. Murtagh for their useful
conversations. Magnetic observatory data were obtained from either the
Kyoto or Edinburgh World Data Centers or from INTERMAGNET. We thank the
national institutes that support the operation of magnetic observatories
and INTERMAGNET for promoting high standards of observatory practice
(www.intermagnet.org). Geoelectric data can be obtained from the Kakioka
Magnetic Observatory. EarthScope impedance tensors can be obtained from
the Data Management Center of the Incorporated Research Institutions for
Seismology (ds.iris.edu/ds/products/emtf). Views expressed in this paper
do not necessarily represent those of FERC.
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 18
BP 9415
EP 9424
DI 10.1002/2016GL070469
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DY8PS
UT WOS:000385392900008
ER
PT J
AU Shelton, JL
Akob, DM
McIntosh, JC
Fierer, N
Spear, JR
Warwick, PD
McCray, JE
AF Shelton, Jenna L.
Akob, Denise M.
McIntosh, Jennifer C.
Fierer, Noah
Spear, John R.
Warwick, Peter D.
McCray, John E.
TI Environmental Drivers of Differences in Microbial Community Structure in
Crude Oil Reservoirs across a Methanogenic Gradient
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE oil field; microbial ecology; methane; hydrogeochemical tracers;
methanogenic crude oil biodegradation; Gulf Coast Basin
ID SYNTROPHIC ASSOCIATIONS; PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS; ANAEROBIC-BACTERIA;
BIODEGRADED OILS; PRODUCTION WATER; DEEP SUBSURFACE; DIVERSITY; BASIN;
CONVERSION; SEQUENCES
AB Stimulating in situ microbial communities in oil reservoirs to produce natural gas is a potentially viable strategy for recovering additional fossil fuel resources following traditional recovery operations. Little is known about what geochemical parameters drive microbial population dynamics in biodegraded, methanogenic oil reservoirs. We investigated if microbial community structure was significantly impacted by the extent of crude oil biodegradation, extent of biogenic methane production, and formation water chemistry. Twenty-two oil production wells from north central Louisiana, USA, were sampled for analysis of microbial community structure and fluid geochemistry. Archaea were the dominant microbial community in the majority of the wells sampled. Methanogens, including hydrogenotrophic and methylotrophic organisms, were numerically dominant in every well, accounting for, on average, over 98% of the total Archaea present. The dominant Bacteria groups were Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Enterobacteriaceae, and Clostridiales, which have also been identified in other microbially-altered oil reservoirs. Comparing microbial community structure to fluid (gas, water, and oil) geochemistry revealed that the relative extent of biodegradation, salinity, and spatial location were the major drivers of microbial diversity. Archaeal relative abundance was independent of the extent of methanogenesis, but closely correlated to the extent of crude oil biodegradation; therefore, microbial community structure is likely not a good sole predictor of methanogenic activity, but may predict the extent of crude oil biodegradation. However, when the shallow, highly biodegraded, low salinity wells were excluded from the statistical analysis, no environmental parameters could explain the differences in microbial community structure. This suggests that the microbial community structure of the 5 shallow, up-dip wells was different than the 17 deeper, down-dip wells. Also, the 17 down-dip wells had statistically similar microbial communities despite significant changes in environmental parameters between oil fields. Together, this implies that no single microbial population is a reliable indicator of a reservoir's ability to degrade crude oil to methane, and that geochemistry may be a more important indicator for selecting a reservoir suitable for microbial enhancement of natural gas generation.
C1 [Shelton, Jenna L.; McIntosh, Jennifer C.; Warwick, Peter D.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Akob, Denise M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Eastern Branch, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[McIntosh, Jennifer C.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Fierer, Noah] Univ Colorado, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Fierer, Noah] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO USA.
[Spear, John R.; McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[McCray, John E.] Colorado Sch Mines, Hydrol Sci & Engn Program, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
RP Shelton, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Eastern Energy Resources Sci Ctr, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM jishelton@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Carbon Sequestration-Geologic Research and
Assessments Project; Colorado School of Mines; NSF [EAR-1322805]
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey's Carbon
Sequestration-Geologic Research and Assessments Project. JLS
acknowledges additional support from Colorado School of Mines, and JM
acknowledges additional support from an NSF grant (EAR-1322805). We
thank XTO Energy (especially J. Lindsey), TDX Energy (especially B.
Little and R. Ebarb), and AJ&J Thornton Oil for both allowing access to
field sites, and for their co-operation throughout the investigation. We
acknowledge C. DeVera, D. Dunlap, and A. Poret-Peterson at the USGS and
the Fierer Lab at University of Colorado at Boulder for field and
laboratory assistance, as well as Elizabeth Jones from the USGS and two
anonymous reviewers for providing helpful insight to the manuscript. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015,
SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PD SEP 28
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 1535
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01535
PG 12
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA DX2LT
UT WOS:000384202100002
PM 27733847
ER
PT J
AU Ausband, DE
Mitchell, MS
Bassing, SB
Nordhagen, M
Smith, DW
Stahler, DR
AF Ausband, David E.
Mitchell, Michael S.
Bassing, Sarah B.
Nordhagen, Matthew
Smith, Douglas W.
Stahler, Daniel R.
TI Dog days of summer: influences on decision of wolves to move pups
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis lupus; gray wolves; movement; offspring; predation; rendezvous
sites
ID GRAY WOLF; RENDEZVOUS SITES; ATTENDANCE; CARNIVORE; SURVIVAL; PREDATOR;
HELPERS; SIZE; DEN
AB For animals that forage widely, protecting young from predation can span relatively long time periods due to the inability of young to travel with and be protected by their parents. Moving relatively immobile young to improve access to important resources, limit detection of concentrated scent by predators, and decrease infestations by ectoparasites can be advantageous. Moving young, however, can also expose them to increased mortality risks (e.g., accidents, getting lost, predation). For group-living animals that live in variable environments and care for young over extended time periods, the influence of biotic factors (e.g., group size, predation risk) and abiotic factors (e.g., temperature and precipitation) on the decision to move young is unknown. We used data from 25 satellite-collared wolves (Canis lupus) in Idaho, Montana, and Yellowstone National Park to evaluate how these factors could influence the decision to move pups during the pup-rearing season. We hypothesized that litter size, the number of adults in a group, and perceived predation risk would positively affect the number of times gray wolves moved pups. We further hypothesized that wolves would move their pups more often when it was hot and dry to ensure sufficient access to water. Contrary to our hypothesis, monthly temperature above the 30-year average was negatively related to the number of times wolves moved their pups. Monthly precipitation above the 30-year average, however, was positively related to the amount of time wolves spent at pup-rearing sites after leaving the natal den. We found little relationship between risk of predation (by grizzly bears, humans, or conspecifics) or group and litter sizes and number of times wolves moved their pups. Our findings suggest that abiotic factors most strongly influence the decision of wolves to move pups, although responses to unpredictable biotic events (e.g., a predator encountering pups) cannot be ruled out.
C1 [Ausband, David E.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 2885 Kathleen Ave, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA.
[Mitchell, Michael S.] Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Bassing, Sarah B.; Nordhagen, Matthew] Univ Montana, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Smith, Douglas W.; Stahler, Daniel R.] Yellowstone Ctr Resources, POB 168, Yellowstone Natl Pk, WY 82190 USA.
RP Mitchell, MS (reprint author), Univ Montana, US Geol Survey, Montana Cooperat Wildlife Res Unit, 205 Nat Sci Bldg, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
EM mike.mitchell@umontana.edu
FU Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal Welfare; Bernice Barbour
Foundation
FX We thank Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Idaho Department of Fish and
Game, and Yellowstone National Park for use of their data. We also thank
J. Husseman, K. Laudon, M. Metz, K. Oelrich, G. Pauley, L. Rich, S.
Roberts, J. Struthers, and C. White. We received financial support from
the Regina Bauer Frankenberg Foundation for Animal Welfare and the
Bernice Barbour Foundation while compiling data. Any mention of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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U1 10
U2 10
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD SEP 27
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 5
BP 1282
EP 1287
DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw114
PG 6
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DZ1VC
UT WOS:000385628300003
ER
PT J
AU Ruprecht, JS
Hersey, KR
Hafen, K
Monteith, KL
DeCesare, NJ
Kauffman, MJ
MacNulty, DR
AF Ruprecht, Joel S.
Hersey, Kent R.
Hafen, Konrad
Monteith, Kevin L.
DeCesare, Nicholas J.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
MacNulty, Daniel R.
TI Reproduction in moose at their southern range limit
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alces; environmental gradient; latitude; range edge; rump fat; Shiras;
Utah
ID PREGNANCY-SPECIFIC PROTEIN; ALCES-ALCES; BODY-MASS; LIFE-HISTORY;
ALASKAN MOOSE; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; PLANT PHENOLOGY; SPECIES RANGE;
UNITED-STATES; POPULATION
AB Reproduction is a critical fitness component in large herbivores. Biogeographic models predict that populations occurring at the edges of the range may have compromised reproductive rates because of inferior habitat at range peripheries. When reproductive rates are chronically low, ungulate populations may lack the resiliency to rebound quickly after periods of environmental stress, and this effect may be greatest for heat-sensitive organisms at their southern range limit. To assess the demographic vulnerability of moose (Alces alces), we studied relationships between reproductive rates, maternal age, and rump fat in the southernmost naturally occurring moose population in North America. For prime-aged moose in our study, pregnancy rates were high (92%), but moose aged < 3 or > 9 years had low pregnancy rates (32% and 38%, respectively). The relationship between rump fat and pregnancy was nonlinear such that a threshold of at least 2 mm of rump fat yielded a high probability of being pregnant midwinter. In contrast, among pregnant moose, the probability of both producing a calf and recruiting it until spring increased linearly with rump fat. We also conducted a meta-analysis of pregnancy and twinning rates for adult (>= 2 years) moose across a latitudinal gradient to compare reproductive rates from our study to other populations in North America. Moose living at southern latitudes tended to have lower reproductive rates than those living in the core of moose range, implying that southern moose populations may be demographically more vulnerable than northern moose populations.
C1 [Ruprecht, Joel S.; MacNulty, Daniel R.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Ruprecht, Joel S.; MacNulty, Daniel R.] Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Hersey, Kent R.] Utah Div Wildlife Resources, Box 146301, Salt Lake City, UT 84114 USA.
[Hafen, Konrad] Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, 5210 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Monteith, Kevin L.] Univ Wyoming, Haub Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82072 USA.
[DeCesare, Nicholas J.] Montana Fish Wildlife & Pk, 3201 Spurgin Rd, Missoula, MT 59804 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
RP Ruprecht, JS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Ruprecht, JS (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Ctr Ecol, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM ruprechtjoel@gmail.com
FU Albert W. Franzmann and Distinguished Colleagues Memorial Award;
Sportsmen for Fish and Wildlife; Utah Division of Wildlife Resources
FX We thank the dedicated biologists, pilots, and coordinators with the
Utah Division of Wildlife Resources who made this research possible.
Funding for the study came from the Albert W. Franzmann and
Distinguished Colleagues Memorial Award, Sportsmen for Fish and
Wildlife, and the Utah Division of Wildlife Resources. D. Edmunds, L.
Aubry, P. Budy, C. Maggi, and 2 anonymous reviewers made valuable
comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. Any mention of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the United States Government.
NR 74
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD SEP 27
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 5
BP 1355
EP 1365
DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw099
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DZ1VC
UT WOS:000385628300011
ER
PT J
AU Poessel, SA
Breck, SW
Gese, EM
AF Poessel, Sharon A.
Breck, Stewart W.
Gese, Eric M.
TI Spatial ecology of coyotes in the Denver metropolitan area: influence of
the urban matrix
SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Canis latrans; habitat use; home range; human-wildlife conflict;
resource selection; urban ecology
ID HOME-RANGE; HABITAT USE; MAMMALIAN HAZARDS; CANIS LATRANS; LANDSCAPE;
FRAGMENTATION; URBANIZATION; ENVIRONMENT; MOVEMENTS; CONFLICT
AB Urbanization alters landscapes and ecosystem processes that result in negative impacts for many species. However, urbanization also creates novel environments that certain species, including carnivores, are able to exploit. Coyotes (Canis latrans) are 1 example of a species capable of exploiting urban environments throughout North America and, in some cases, becoming involved in human-coyote conflict. As part of a comprehensive study of human-coyote coexistence in the Denver metropolitan area of Colorado, we investigated the spatial ecology of coyotes to determine movement and activity patterns relative to the urban matrix. We examined home-range size, habitat use, and resource selection for 22 coyotes monitored with GPS collars during 2012-2014. Mean (+/- SD) home-range size of resident coyotes (11.6 +/- 11.0 km(2)) was smaller than ranges of transient coyotes (200.7 +/- 232.4 km(2)). Home-range size did not vary by season or sex, but resident coyotes during the day (7.2 +/- 10.5 km(2)) had smaller home ranges than during the night (11.3 +/- 10.8 km(2)). Coyotes had high percentages of developed lands (44.5 +/- 18.9%) within their home ranges, contrary to previous studies of urban coyotes. However, the percentage of coyote locations in natural lands (48.9 +/- 22.4%) was higher than in developed lands (20.6 +/- 11.7%). Home-range size of residents was not related to either the percentage of developed lands or altered lands within home ranges. Coyotes selected natural lands over developed lands, and they increased activity at night. Although coyotes were able to thrive in home ranges containing large amounts of development, they continued to avoid areas with high human activity by primarily residing in areas with natural land cover. Similar to urban areas throughout the Northern Hemisphere, coyotes in the Denver metropolitan area have become efficiently adapted to a highly developed landscape, reflecting the flexible nature of this opportunistic carnivore.
C1 [Poessel, Sharon A.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Breck, Stewart W.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 4101 Laporte Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Gese, Eric M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, Wildlife Serv, USDA,Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Poessel, Sharon A.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 S Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
RP Poessel, SA (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Wildland Resources, 5230 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.; Poessel, SA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, 970 S Lusk St, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
EM sharpoes@gmail.com
OI Poessel, Sharon/0000-0002-0283-627X
FU U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife
Research Center; Ecology Center at Utah State University
FX We thank J. Brinker, F. Quarterone, D. Lewis, R. Sedbrook, R. Raker, J.
Kougher, B. Massey, E. Mock, R. Much, and J. Ulloa for field assistance.
L. Wolfe and K. Fox of Colorado Parks and Wildlife provided necropsy
services. We thank J. Young and T. Atwood for assistance with early
planning of the Denver coyote research project. Funding and logistical
support were provided by the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wildlife
Services, National Wildlife Research Center and the Ecology Center at
Utah State University.
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2372
EI 1545-1542
J9 J MAMMAL
JI J. Mammal.
PD SEP 27
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 5
BP 1414
EP 1427
DI 10.1093/jmammal/gyw090
PG 14
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DZ1VC
UT WOS:000385628300017
ER
PT J
AU Julian, JT
Gould, VA
Glenney, GW
Brooks, RP
AF Julian, James T.
Gould, Victoria A.
Glenney, Gavin W.
Brooks, Robert P.
TI Seasonal infection rates of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in
populations of northern green frog Lithobates clamitans melanota
tadpoles
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; Chytrid fungus; Temporal; Amphibian;
Disease prevalence
ID CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS; AMPHIBIANS; TEMPERATURE; PATHOGEN; DISEASE;
TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; DECLINES
AB Few studies have documented seasonal variation of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) infection rates in larval amphibians. We identified 4 natural populations of northern green frogs Lithobates clamitans melanota in Pennsylvania (USA) that contained Bd-infected tadpoles during post-wintering collections in May and June, after hibernating tadpoles had overwintered in wetlands. However, we failed to detect infected tadpoles at those wetlands when pre-wintering collections were made in late July through early September. We observed 2 cohorts of tadpoles that appeared to lack Bd-infected individuals in pre-wintering collections, yet contained Bd-infected individuals the following spring. We also observed 4 cohorts of pre-wintering tadpoles that were Bd-free, even though post-wintering tadpoles collected earlier in the year were infected with Bd. Our results suggest that tadpoles either reduce Bd infections during the summer months, and/or infections proliferate sometime prior to (or shortly after) tadpoles emerge from hibernation. It is unlikely that pre-wintering tadpoles were too small to detect Bd zoospores because (1) there was no correlation between Bd zoospore levels and tadpole size or stage, and (2) size was not a significant predictor of infection status. These results suggest that, while sampling larvae can be an effective means of collecting large sample sizes, investigators in our Mid-Atlantic region should conduct sampling by early summer to maximize the chances of detecting Bd. Further research is warranted to determine whether wetland topography and warm, shallow microhabitats within wetlands contribute to a population's ability to drastically reduce Bd prevalence prior to overwintering at ponds.
C1 [Julian, James T.; Gould, Victoria A.] Penn State Univ, Altoona Coll, Div Math & Nat Sci, 3000 Ivyside Pk, Altoona, PA 16601 USA.
[Glenney, Gavin W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Northeast Fishery Center, Fish Hlth Ctr, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
[Brooks, Robert P.] Penn State Univ Univ Pk, Dept Geog, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP Julian, JT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Altoona Coll, Div Math & Nat Sci, 3000 Ivyside Pk, Altoona, PA 16601 USA.
EM jtj2@psu.edu
FU Summer Student Research Grant; Office of Research and Sponsored Programs
at Penn State Altoona College
FX We thank L. Gromiller, C. Holsinger, C. Keller, and J. Skebo for their
help with collecting and processing specimens. This research was
supported through a Summer Student Research Grant and an Undergraduate
Research Assistantship from the Office of Research and Sponsored
Programs at Penn State Altoona College.
NR 45
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U2 0
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD SEP 26
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 2
BP 97
EP 104
DI 10.3354/dao03046
PG 8
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA EN0OW
UT WOS:000395710300002
ER
PT J
AU Lee, KC
Archer, SDJ
Boyle, RH
Lacap-Bugler, DC
Belnap, J
Pointing, SB
AF Lee, Kevin C.
Archer, Stephen D. J.
Boyle, Rachel H.
Lacap-Bugler, Donnabella C.
Belnap, Jayne
Pointing, Stephen B.
TI Niche Filtering of Bacteria in Soil and Rock Habitats of the Colorado
Plateau Desert, Utah, USA
SO FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological soil crust; cryptoendolith; Cyanobacteria; desert; Utah
ID ATACAMA DESERT; MICROBIAL COLONIZATION; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; CRUSTS;
DIVERSITY; HOT; CYANOBACTERIA; ENVIRONMENT; LIFE; MULTIFUNCTIONALITY
AB A common feature of microbial colonization in deserts is biological soil crusts (BSCs), and these comprise a complex community dominated by Cyanobacteria. Rock substrates, particularly sandstone, are also colonized by microbial communities. These are separated by bare sandy soil that also supports microbial colonization. Here we report a high-throughput sequencing study of BSC and cryptoendolith plus adjacent bare soil communities in the Colorado Plateau Desert, Utah, USA. Bare soils supported a community with low levels of recoverable DNA and high evenness, whilst BSC yielded relatively high recoverable DNA, and reduced evenness compared to bare soil due to specialized crust taxa. The cryptoendolithic community displayed the greatest evenness but the lowest diversity, reflecting the highly specialized nature of these communities. A strong substrate-dependent pattern of community assembly was observed, and in particular cyanobacterial taxa were distinct. Soils were virtually devoid of photoautotrophic signatures. BSC was dominated by a closely related group of Microcoleus/Phormiclium taxa, whilst cryptoendolithic colonization in sandstone supported almost exclusively a single genus, Chroococcicliopsis. We interpret this as strong evidence for niche filtering of taxa in communities. Local inter-niche recruitment of photoautotrophs may therefore be limited and so communities likely depend significantly on cyanobacterial recruitment from distant sources of similar substrate. We discuss the implication of this finding in terms of conservation and management of desert microbiota.
C1 [Lee, Kevin C.; Archer, Stephen D. J.; Boyle, Rachel H.; Lacap-Bugler, Donnabella C.; Pointing, Stephen B.] Auckland Univ Technol, Sch Sci, Inst Appl Ecol New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.
[Pointing, Stephen B.] Kanazawa Univ, Inst Nat & Environm Technol, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
RP Pointing, SB (reprint author), Auckland Univ Technol, Sch Sci, Inst Appl Ecol New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand.; Belnap, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT USA.; Pointing, SB (reprint author), Kanazawa Univ, Inst Nat & Environm Technol, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan.
EM jayne_belnap@usgs.gov; steve.pointing@aut.ac.nz
FU Institute for Applied Ecology New Zealand; U.S. Geological Survey by the
Ecosystems program
FX This research was funded by the Institute for Applied Ecology New
Zealand (http://aenz.aut.ac.nz). The authors thank the U.S. Geological
Survey for access to the field sampling site and support for JB by the
Ecosystems program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 58
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U1 9
U2 9
PU FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 110, EPFL INNOVATION PARK, BUILDING I, LAUSANNE, 1015,
SWITZERLAND
SN 1664-302X
J9 FRONT MICROBIOL
JI Front. Microbiol.
PD SEP 26
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 1489
DI 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01489
PG 7
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA DX1ZX
UT WOS:000384167500002
PM 27725810
ER
PT J
AU Martinez-Marti, C
Jimenez-Franco, MV
Royle, JA
Palazon, JA
Calvo, JF
AF Martinez-Marti, Chele
Jimenez-Franco, Maria V.
Royle, J. Andrew
Palazon, Jose A.
Calvo, Jose F.
TI Integrating occurrence and detectability patterns based on interview
data: a case study for threatened mammals in Equatorial Guinea
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID FALSE-NEGATIVE ERRORS; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; OCCUPANCY ESTIMATION;
NATIONAL-PARK; MODELS; POPULATION; DETECTIONS; ABUNDANCE; PRIMATES;
IMPACTS
AB Occurrence models that account for imperfect detection of species are increasingly used for estimating geographical range, for determining species-landscape relations and to prioritize conservation actions worldwide. In 2010, we conducted a large-scale survey in Rio Muni, the mainland territory of Equatorial Guinea, which aimed to estimate the probabilities of occurrence and detection of threatened mammals based on environmental covariates, and to identify priority areas for conservation. Interviews with hunters were designed to record presence/absence data of seven species (golden cat, leopard, forest elephant, forest buffalo, western gorilla, chimpanzee and mandrill) in 225 sites throughout the region. We fitted single season occupancy models and recently developed models which also include false positive errors (i.e. species detected in places where it actually does not occur), which should provide more accurate estimates for most species, which are susceptible to mis-identification. Golden cat and leopard had the lowest occurrence rates in the region, whereas primates had the highest rates. All species, except gorilla, were affected negatively by human settlements. The southern half of Rio Muni showed the highest occurrence of the species studied, and conservation strategies for ensuring the persistence of threatened mammals should be focused on this area.
C1 [Martinez-Marti, Chele; Jimenez-Franco, Maria V.; Palazon, Jose A.; Calvo, Jose F.] Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Dept Ecol & Hidrol, Campus Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
[Royle, J. Andrew] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
RP Calvo, JF (reprint author), Univ Murcia, Fac Biol, Dept Ecol & Hidrol, Campus Espinardo, E-30100 Murcia, Spain.
EM jfcalvo@um.es
RI Calvo, Jose/C-7076-2009
OI Calvo, Jose/0000-0002-3813-4333
FU Panthera; Conservation International; FPU grant from the Spanish
Ministry of Education and Science [AP2009-2073]
FX The Ministry of Agriculture and Forest of Equatorial Guinea provided a
research permit to develop our work across Rio Muni. The Instituto
Nacional de Desarrollo Forestal y Manejo de Areas Protegidas
(INDEFOR-AP) provided the maps and the Geographic Information System
data referring to the project area. Amigos de la Naturaleza y del
Desarrollo de Guinea Ecuatorial (ANDEGE), a national non-government
organization from Equatorial Guinea, provided technical support for the
implementation of the fieldwork and managed funds provided by Panthera
(www.panthera.org) and Conservation International (www.conservation.org)
for the completion of this study. We also thank A. Mang for his
assistance in the field work and the local hunters who collaborated with
the interviews. We also thank R. B. Chandler for helping with data
analysis and D. Miller for valuable comments on false positive
estimates. The comments of two anonymous reviewers helped to
considerably improve the manuscript. M. V. Jimenez-Franco was supported
by a FPU grant from the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science
(reference AP2009-2073). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 56
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U1 7
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD SEP 26
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 33838
DI 10.1038/srep33838
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DX6FC
UT WOS:000384477800002
PM 27666671
ER
PT J
AU Deslauriers, D
Heironimus, LB
Chipps, SR
AF Deslauriers, David
Heironimus, Laura B.
Chipps, Steven R.
TI Test of a foraging-bioenergetics model to evaluate growth dynamics of
endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus)
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Pallid sturgeon; Foraging ecology; Bioenergetics; Model evaluation;
Error analysis; Activity
ID MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI RIVER; HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; PERCH
PERCA-FLAVESCENS; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; MISSOURI RIVER; ENERGY DENSITY;
SAFE-HARBOR; BODY-SIZE; LARVAL; FISH
AB Factors affecting feeding and growth of early life stages of the federally endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) are not fully understood, owing to their scarcity in the wild. In this study was we evaluated the performance of a combined foraging-bioenergetics model as a tool for assessing growth of age-0 pallid sturgeon in the Missouri River. In the laboratory, three size classes of sturgeon larvae (18-44 mm; 0.027-0.329 g) were grown for 7 to 14 days under differing temperature (14-24 degrees C) and prey density (0-9 Chironomidae larvae/d) regimes. After accounting for effects of water temperature and prey density on fish activity, we compared observed final weight, final length, and number of prey consumed to values generated from the foraging-bioenergetics model. When confronted with an independent dataset, the combined model provided reliable estimates (within 13% of observations) of fish growth and prey consumption, underscoring the usefulness of the modeling approach for evaluating growth dynamics of larval fish when empirical data are lacking. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Deslauriers, David] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, SNP Box 2140B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Heironimus, Laura B.] US Fish Wildlife Serv, Lodi Fish & Wildlife Off, 850 South Guild Ave,Suite 150, Lodi, CA 95240 USA.
[Chipps, Steven R.] South Dakota State Univ, US Geol Survey, South Dakota Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Nat Resource Management, SNP Box 2140B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
[Deslauriers, David] Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Room W375 Duff Roblin Bldg, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
RP Deslauriers, D (reprint author), South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, SNP Box 2140B, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.; Deslauriers, D (reprint author), Univ Manitoba, Dept Biol Sci, Room W375 Duff Roblin Bldg, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
EM david.deslauriers@umanitoba.ca
FU Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; US Army
Corps of Engineers [MIPR W59XQG11641574]; U.S. Geological Survey, South
Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks, South Dakota State University
FX This manuscript is dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague,
Dr. Robert Klumb. We would like to thank Lauren Kregel, Wesley Bowman,
Thomas Larson, Beth Jenkins, Larissa Bruce, and Alex Rosburg for
technical assistance. We also thank Erinn Ipsen at Prairie AquaTech for
providing micro-bomb calorimetry support. Finally, we would like to
thank B.D.S. Graeb, T. Rapp and R. Klumb for helpful discussion and
comments. All animals used in this study were reared according to animal
use and care guidelines established by South Dakota State University
(Animal Welfare Assurance no. A3958-01). The South Dakota Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the U.S.
Geological Survey, South Dakota Department of Game, Fish and Parks,
South Dakota State University, the Wildlife Management Institute, and
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Funding for this project was provided by the US Army Corps
of Engineers (MIPR W59XQG11641574).
NR 57
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U1 19
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD SEP 24
PY 2016
VL 336
BP 1
EP 12
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmode1.2016.05.017
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DR7KW
UT WOS:000380079500001
ER
PT J
AU He, YJ
Trumbore, SE
Torn, MS
Harden, JW
Vaughn, LJS
Allison, SD
Randerson, JT
AF He, Yujie
Trumbore, Susan E.
Torn, Margaret S.
Harden, Jennifer W.
Vaughn, Lydia J. S.
Allison, Steven D.
Randerson, James T.
TI Radiocarbon constraints imply reduced carbon uptake by soils during the
21st century
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID EARTH SYSTEM MODELS; ORGANIC-MATTER; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CYCLE FEEDBACKS;
TURNOVER TIMES; C DYNAMICS; CLIMATE; STORAGE; UNCERTAINTY; FOREST
AB Soil is the largest terrestrial carbon reservoir and may influence the sign and magnitude of carbon cycle-climate feedbacks. Many Earth system models (ESMs) estimate a significant soil carbon sink by 2100, yet the underlying carbon dynamics determining this response have not been systematically tested against observations. We used C-14 data from 157 globally distributed soil profiles sampled to 1-meter depth to show that ESMs underestimated the mean age of soil carbon by a factor of more than six (430 +/- 50 years versus 3100 +/- 1800 years). Consequently, ESMs overestimated the carbon sequestration potential of soils by a factor of nearly two (40 +/- 27%). These inconsistencies suggest that ESMs must better represent carbon stabilization processes and the turnover time of slow and passive reservoirs when simulating future atmospheric carbon dioxide dynamics.
C1 [He, Yujie; Allison, Steven D.; Randerson, James T.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
[Trumbore, Susan E.] Max Planck Inst Biogeochem, Dept Biogeochem Proc, Jena, Germany.
[Torn, Margaret S.; Vaughn, Lydia J. S.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Earth Sci Div, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Harden, Jennifer W.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Harden, Jennifer W.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Allison, Steven D.] Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Irvine, CA 92717 USA.
RP He, YJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Dept Earth Syst Sci, Irvine, CA USA.
EM yujie.he@uci.edu
RI Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; Vaughn, Lydia/I-9108-2016; He,
Yujie/E-2514-2017; Allison, Steven/E-2978-2010
OI Vaughn, Lydia/0000-0001-9337-464X; He, Yujie/0000-0001-8261-5399;
Allison, Steven/0000-0003-4629-7842
FU Climate and Environmental Sciences Division of Biological and
Environmental Research (BER) in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of
Science; Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program; Terrestrial
Ecosystem Science Program [DESC0014374, DE-AC02-05CH11231]
FX We thank C. Hatte for sharing her compilation of published
14C profiles. We received funding support from the Climate
and Environmental Sciences Division of Biological and Environmental
Research (BER) in the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science. This
included support from the Regional and Global Climate Modeling Program
to the Biogeochemical Cycles Feedbacks Science Focus Area and several
grants from the Terrestrial Ecosystem Science Program (DESC0014374 and
DE-AC02-05CH11231). J.W.H. serves as chair of the science steering group
for International Soil Carbon Network (http://iscn.fluxdata.org);
however, the work of this publication reflects efforts on behalf of the
U.S. Geological Survey Scientist Emeritus Program, which provided IT and
infrastructure support. The model simulations analyzed in this study
were obtained from the Earth System Grid Federation CMIP5 online portal
hosted by the Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison at
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
(https://pcmdi.llnl.gov/projects/esgf-llnl/).
NR 36
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U1 87
U2 87
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 23
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6306
BP 1419
EP 1424
DI 10.1126/science.aad4273
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DW5TB
UT WOS:000383708700040
PM 27708036
ER
PT J
AU McConville, MB
Hubert, TD
Remucal, CK
AF McConville, Megan B.
Hubert, Terrance D.
Remucal, Christina K.
TI Direct Photolysis Rates and Transformation Pathways of the Lampricides
TFM and Niclosamide in Simulated Sunlight
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID LAMPREY PETROMYZON-MARINUS; SEA LAMPREY; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; AQUEOUS
PHOTOLYSIS; BOTTOM SEDIMENTS; GREAT-LAKES; DEGRADATION;
PHOTODEGRADATION; 3-TRIFLUOROMETHYL-4-NITROPHENOL; PHOTOCHEMISTRY
AB The lampricides 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) and 2',5-dichloro-4'-nitrosalicylanilide (niclosamide) are directly added to many tributaries of the Great Lakes that harbor the invasive parasitic sea lamprey. Despite their long history of use, the fate of lampricides is not well understood. This study evaluates the rate and pathway of direct photodegradation of both lampricides under simulated sunlight. The estimated half-lives of TFM range from 16.6 +/- 0.2 h (pH 9) to 32.9 +/- 1.0 h (pH 6), while the half-lives of niclosamide range from 8.88 +/- 0.52 days (pH 6) to 382 +/- 83 days (pH 9) assuming continuous irradiation over a water depth of 55 cm. Both compounds degrade to form a series of aromatic intermediates, simple organic acids, ring cleavage products, and inorganic ions. Experimental data were used to construct a kinetic model which demonstrates that the aromatic products of TFM undergo rapid photolysis and emphasizes that niclosamide degradation is the rate-limiting step to dehalogenation and mineralization of the lampricide. This study demonstrates that TFM photodegradation is likely to occur on the time scale of lampricide applications (2-5 days), while niclosamide, the less selective lampricide, will undergo minimal direct photodegradation during its passage to the Great Lakes.
C1 [McConville, Megan B.; Remucal, Christina K.] Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Hubert, Terrance D.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Remucal, Christina K.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Remucal, CK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Environm Chem & Technol Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Remucal, CK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM remucal@wisc.edu
RI Remucal, Christina/B-8932-2009
OI Remucal, Christina/0000-0003-4285-7638
FU Wisconsin Sea Grant; Great Lakes Fishery Commission; National Science
Foundation
FX The authors thank Laura Linde for her contribution to this work. We
thank Jane Rivera (USGS Upper Midwest Environmental Science Center) for
her assistance with QA/QC. Funding for this study was provided by the
Wisconsin Sea Grant, the Great Lakes Fishery Commission, and a National
Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship (awarded to M.M.B.). Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 20
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 18
BP 9998
EP 10006
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b02607
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DX0FT
UT WOS:000384037900024
PM 27508405
ER
PT J
AU Volz, DC
Leet, JK
Chen, A
Stapleton, HM
Katiyar, N
Kaundal, R
Yu, Y
Wang, YS
AF Volz, David C.
Leet, Jessica K.
Chen, Albert
Stapleton, Heather M.
Katiyar, Neerja
Kaundal, Rakesh
Yu, Yang
Wang, Yinsheng
TI Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate Induces Genome-Wide Hypomethylation
within Early Zebrafish Embryos
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ORGANOPHOSPHATE FLAME RETARDANTS; BISPHENOL-A; DNA METHYLATION;
DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; PHOSPHATE TDCPP; DANIO-RERIO; ENDOCRINE
DISRUPTION; TRIPHENYL PHOSPHATE; THYROID-HORMONES; BPA EXPOSURE
AB Tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl)phosphate (TDCIPP) is a high-production volume organophosphate-based plasticizer and flame retardant widely used within the United States. Using zebrafish as a model, the objectives of this study were to determine whether (1) TDCIPP inhibits DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) within embryonic nuclear extracts; (2) uptake of TDCIPP from 0.75 h postfertilization (hpf, 2-cell) to 2 hpf (64-cell) or 6 hpf (shield stage) leads to impacts on the early embryonic DNA methylome; and (3) TDCIPP-induced impacts on cytosine methylation are localized to CpG islands within intergenic regions. Within this study, 5-azacytidine (5-azaC, a DNMT inhibitor) was used as a positive control. Although 5-azaC significantly inhibited zebrafish DNMT, TDCIPP did not affect DNMT activity in vitro at concentrations as high as 500 mu M. However, rapid embryonic uptake of 5-azaC and TDCIPP from 0.75 to 2 hpf resulted in chemical- and chromosome-specific alterations in cytosine methylation at 2 hpf. Moreover, TDCIPP exposure predominantly resulted in hypomethylation of positions outside of CpG islands and within intragenic (exon) regions of the zebrafish genome. Overall, these findings provide the foundation for monitoring DNA methylation dynamics within zebrafish as well as identifying potential associations among TDCIPP exposure, adverse health outcomes, and DNA methylation status within human populations.
C1 [Volz, David C.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Leet, Jessica K.] Univ South Carolina, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Chen, Albert; Stapleton, Heather M.] Duke Univ, Div Environm Sci & Policy, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Katiyar, Neerja; Kaundal, Rakesh] Univ Calif Riverside, Inst Integrat Genome Biol, Bioinformat Facil, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Yu, Yang; Wang, Yinsheng] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Chem, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Leet, Jessica K.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Volz, DC (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Sci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM david.volz@ucr.edu
FU National Institutes of Health [R21ES022797, R21ES025392]
FX Funding was provided by the National Institutes of Health (R21ES022797
and R21ES025392). We gratefully thank Dr. Robert Tanguay (Oregon State
University) for providing founder fish to establish our SD zebrafish
colony, Dr. R. Sean Norman (University of South Carolina) for use of the
VICTOR X3Multilabel Plate Reader, and John Weger and Clay Clark
(Institute for Integrative Genome Biology, University of California,
Riverside) for Illumina sequencing services.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 28
U2 28
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 20
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 18
BP 10255
EP 10263
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b03656
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DX0FT
UT WOS:000384037900053
PM 27574916
ER
PT J
AU Jansen, HT
Leise, T
Stenhouse, G
Pigeon, K
Kasworm, W
Teisberg, J
Radandt, T
Dallmann, R
Brown, S
Robbins, CT
AF Jansen, Heiko T.
Leise, Tanya
Stenhouse, Gordon
Pigeon, Karine
Kasworm, Wayne
Teisberg, Justin
Radandt, Thomas
Dallmann, Robert
Brown, Steven
Robbins, Charles T.
TI The bear circadian clock doesn't 'sleep' during winter dormancy
SO FRONTIERS IN ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULATED DENNING CONDITIONS; HIBERNATING BLACK BEARS; BODY-TEMPERATURE;
GROUND-SQUIRRELS; METABOLIC-RATE; POLAR BEARS; SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS;
GENE-EXPRESSION; DAILY TORPOR; TEMPORAL ORGANIZATION
AB Background: Most biological functions are synchronized to the environmental light: dark cycle via a circadian timekeeping system. Bears exhibit shallow torpor combined with metabolic suppression during winter dormancy. We sought to confirm that free-running circadian rhythms of body temperature (Tb) and activity were expressed in torpid grizzly (brown) bears and that they were functionally responsive to environmental light. We also measured activity and ambient light exposures in denning wild bears to determine if rhythms were evident and what the photic conditions of their natural dens were. Lastly, we used cultured skin fibroblasts obtained from captive torpid bears to assess molecular clock operation in peripheral tissues. Circadian parameters were estimated using robust wavelet transforms and maximum entropy spectral analyses.
Results: Captive grizzly bears housed in constant darkness during winter dormancy expressed circadian rhythms of activity and Tb. The rhythm period of juvenile bears was significantly shorter than that of adult bears. However, the period of activity rhythms in adult captive bears was virtually identical to that of adult wild denning bears as was the strength of the activity rhythms. Similar to what has been found in other mammals, a single light exposure during the bear's active period delayed subsequent activity onsets whereas these were advanced when light was applied during the bear's inactive period. Lastly, in vitro studies confirmed the expression of molecular circadian rhythms with a period comparable to the bear's own behavioral rhythms.
Conclusions: Based on these findings we conclude that the circadian system is functional in torpid bears and their peripheral tissues even when housed in constant darkness, is responsive to phase-shifting effects of light, and therefore, is a normal facet of torpid bear physiology.
C1 [Jansen, Heiko T.] Washington State Univ, Dept Integrat Physiol & Neurosci, Coll Vet Med, Mailstop 7620 Vet & Biomed Res Bldg,Room 205, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Leise, Tanya] Amherst Coll, Dept Math & Stat, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
[Stenhouse, Gordon; Pigeon, Karine] Foothills Res Inst, Hinton, AB T7V 1X6, Canada.
[Kasworm, Wayne; Teisberg, Justin; Radandt, Thomas] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Libby, MT 59923 USA.
[Dallmann, Robert; Brown, Steven] Univ Zurich, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Robbins, Charles T.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Dallmann, Robert] Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
[Dallmann, Robert] Univ Warwick, Warwick Syst Biol Ctr, Gibbet Hill Rd, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England.
RP Jansen, HT (reprint author), Washington State Univ, Dept Integrat Physiol & Neurosci, Coll Vet Med, Mailstop 7620 Vet & Biomed Res Bldg,Room 205, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
EM heiko@vetmed.wsu.edu
OI Dallmann, Robert/0000-0002-7490-0218
FU Foothills Research Institute Program; Interagency Grizzly Bear
Committee; Raili Korkka Brown Bear Endowment; Bear Research and
Conservation Endowment; Swiss National Science Foundation; U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service
FX This work was supported by the Interagency Grizzly Bear Committee, Raili
Korkka Brown Bear Endowment, Bear Research and Conservation Endowment
(HTJ, CTR), and the funding partners of the Foothills Research Institute
Program (GS, KP). SB and RD were supported in part by funding from the
Swiss National Science Foundation. WK, TR and JT are supported by the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Montana and Idaho collared wild bear
data were provided by the Cabinet-Yaak and Selkirk Mountains research
and monitoring programs of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and their
funding partners.
NR 72
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 34
U2 34
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1742-9994
J9 FRONT ZOOL
JI Front. Zool.
PD SEP 17
PY 2016
VL 13
AR 42
DI 10.1186/s12983-016-0173-x
PG 15
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DW3JU
UT WOS:000383538700001
PM 27660641
ER
PT J
AU Rengers, FK
Tucker, GE
Mahan, SA
AF Rengers, F. K.
Tucker, G. E.
Mahan, S. A.
TI Episodic bedrock erosion by gully-head migration, Colorado High Plains,
USA
SO EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS
LA English
DT Article
DE OSL; bedrock erosion; gully
ID NORTHERN GREAT-PLAINS; NORTHEASTERN COLORADO; RETREAT RATES;
UNITED-STATES; DROUGHT; HOLOCENE; ARIDITY; LUMINESCENCE; ENVIRONMENT;
CALIFORNIA
AB This study explores the frequency of bedrock exposure in a soil-mantled low-relief (i.e. non-mountainous) landscape. In the High Plains of eastern Colorado, gully headcuts are among the few erosional features that will incise through the soil mantle to expose bedrock. We measured the last time of bedrock exposure using optically stimulated luminescence dating of alluvial sediment overlying bedrock in gully headcuts. Our dating suggests that headcuts in adjacent gullies expose bedrock asynchronously, and therefore, the headcuts are unlikely to have been triggered by a base-level drop in the trunk stream. This finding supports the hypothesis that headcuts can develop locally in gullies as a result of focused scour in locations where hydraulic stress during a flash flood is sufficiently high, and/or ground cover is sufficiently weak, to generate a scour hole that undermines vegetation. Alluvium dating also reveals that gullies have been a persistent part of this landscape since the early Holocene. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Rengers, F. K.; Tucker, G. E.] Univ Colorado, CIRES, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rengers, F. K.; Tucker, G. E.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Mahan, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 974,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Rengers, F. K.] US Geol Survey, MS 966,Box 250466, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Rengers, FK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 966,Box 250466, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM frengers@usgs.gov
OI Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0952247]; Colorado Scientific Society
FX This study was supported in part by the National Science Foundation
grant EAR-0952247. Special thanks to the Colorado Scientific Society,
which provided funds to process some of the OSL samples. We also
acknowledge the support of land access by the Plains Conservation
Center. We are grateful for help from Harrison Gray in processing OSL
samples. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0197-9337
EI 1096-9837
J9 EARTH SURF PROC LAND
JI Earth Surf. Process. Landf.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 11
BP 1574
EP 1582
DI 10.1002/esp.3929
PG 9
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DW4LZ
UT WOS:000383615900009
ER
PT J
AU Gailler, LS
Lenat, JF
Blakely, RJ
AF Gailler, Lydie-Sarah
Lenat, Jean-Francois
Blakely, Richard J.
TI Depth to Curie temperature or bottom of the magnetic sources in the
volcanic zone of la Reunion hot spot
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Reunion Island; Magnetic anomaly; Spectral analysis; Curie Point Depth;
Bottom of the magnetic sources; Magnetized mantle
ID REGIONAL THERMAL STRUCTURE; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; HEAT-FLOW
MEASUREMENTS; FIELD POWER SPECTRA; FORE-ARC MANTLE; AEROMAGNETIC DATA;
INDIAN-OCEAN; POINT DEPTH; RED-SEA; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE
AB We present an innovative study to generalize Curie Point Depth (CPD) determinations at the scale of oceanic volcanic islands, an approach which has previously focused largely on continental areas. In order to determine the validity of this technique in oceanic environments, we first tested the approach on sets of sea-floor-spreading anomalies. Assuming that magnetic anomalies are concentrated within the oceanic crust and uppermost mantle, the Curie depth should deepen as oceanic lithosphere increases in age and thickness away from spreading centers. The calculated depths to the magnetic bottom are in agreement with this general pattern. On the basis of this test, we then applied the method to La Reunion Island and surrounding oceanic lithosphere. The calculated extent of magnetic sources lies at depths between 10 and 30 km and exhibits a complex topography, presumably caused by a combination of various magmatic and tectonic lithospheric structures. These calculations indicate that magnetic sources extend well below the crust-mantle interface at this location. To the first order, the bottom of the magnetic surface shallows beneath Reunion and Mauritius Islands due to the thermal effect of the hot spot, and deepens away from La Reunion edifice. On the scale of the Mascarene Basin, several discontinuities in the CPD correlate well with major fracture zones. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gailler, Lydie-Sarah; Lenat, Jean-Francois] Univ Clermont Ferrand, Lab Magmas & Volcans, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Gailler, Lydie-Sarah; Lenat, Jean-Francois] CNRS, LMV, UMR 6524, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Gailler, Lydie-Sarah; Lenat, Jean-Francois] IRD, LMV, R 163, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France.
[Blakely, Richard J.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Gailler, LS (reprint author), Univ Clermont Ferrand, Lab Magmas & Volcans, BP 10448, F-63000 Clermont Ferrand, France.; Gailler, LS (reprint author), CNRS, LMV, UMR 6524, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France.; Gailler, LS (reprint author), IRD, LMV, R 163, F-63038 Clermont Ferrand, France.
EM lydiegailler@hotmail.fr
FU French Government Laboratory of Excellence initiative [ANR-10-LABX-207];
Region Auvergne; European Regional Development Fund
FX This research was financed by the French Government Laboratory of
Excellence initiative noANR-10-LABX-207, the Region Auvergne and the
European Regional Development Fund. This work has benefited from data
acquired by numerous scientific projects. We thank Christine Deplus
(FOREVER, 2006), Bruno Savoye and Patrick Bachelery (ERODER 1, 2006 and
ERODER 2, 2007); the NOAA and Stephen Maus for the diffusion of the
global relief model of Earth's surface, and Earth's magnetic database
respectively. We are also grateful to Claire Bouligand for her
contribution and discussions about this study. We greatly thank the
editors and the reviewers, Maurizio Fedi and an anonymous reviewer, for
their insightful comments.
NR 83
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 324
BP 169
EP 178
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.06.005
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EB2NA
UT WOS:000387197900014
ER
PT J
AU Sexstone, GA
Clow, DW
Stannard, DI
Fassnacht, SR
AF Sexstone, Graham A.
Clow, David W.
Stannard, David I.
Fassnacht, Steven R.
TI Comparison of methods for quantifying surface sublimation over
seasonally snow-covered terrain
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE snow; sublimation; eddy covariance; energy balance closure; aerodynamic
methods; Bowen ratio; forested openings
ID SUB-ALPINE FOREST; PARAMETERIZING TURBULENT EXCHANGE; ENERGY-BALANCE
CLOSURE; FLUX MEASUREMENTS; EDDY-COVARIANCE; LATENT-HEAT; MOUNTAIN
CATCHMENT; BOUNDARY-LAYER; WATER-BALANCE; SENSIBLE HEAT
AB Snow sublimation can be an important component of the snow-cover mass balance, and there is considerable interest in quantifying the role of this process within the water and energy balance of snow-covered regions. In recent years, robust eddy covariance (EC) instrumentation has been used to quantify snow sublimation over snow-covered surfaces in complex mountainous terrain. However, EC can be challenging for monitoring turbulent fluxes in snow-covered environments because of intensive data, power, and fetch requirements, and alternative methods of estimating snow sublimation are often relied upon. To evaluate the relative merits of methods for quantifying surface sublimation, fluxes calculated by the EC, Bowen ratio-energy balance (BR), bulk aerodynamic flux (BF), and aerodynamic profile (AP) methods and their associated uncertainty were compared at two forested openings in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Biases between methods are evaluated over a range of environmental conditions, and limitations of each method are discussed. Mean surface sublimation rates from both sites ranged from 0.33 to 0.36mmday(-1), 0.14 to 0.37mmday(-1), 0.10 to 0.17mmday(-1), and 0.03 to 0.10mmday(-1) for the EC, BR, BF and AP methods, respectively. The EC and/or BF methods are concluded to be superior for estimating surface sublimation in snow-covered forested openings. The surface sublimation rates quantified in this study are generally smaller in magnitude compared with previously published studies in this region and help to refine sublimation estimates for forested openings in the Colorado Rocky Mountains. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Sexstone, Graham A.; Clow, David W.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Sexstone, Graham A.] Colorado State Univ, EASC Watershed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Stannard, David I.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Fassnacht, Steven R.] Colorado State Univ, ESS Watershed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Fassnacht, Steven R.] Cooperat Inst Res Atmosphere, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Sexstone, GA (reprint author), USGS Colorado Water Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25046,MS 415, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM sexstone@usgs.gov
OI Sexstone, Graham/0000-0001-8913-0546; Clow, David/0000-0001-6183-4824
FU USGS National Water Census program; Colorado Water Conservation Board
FX This study was supported by the USGS National Water Census program, and
in cooperation with the Colorado Water Conservation Board. We would like
to acknowledge the work of Dr. Edgar Andreas. Dr. Andreas contributed
helpful discussions on turbulent fluxes over snow-covered surfaces and
provided the bulk flux algorithm that was used in this study. Field
assistance from Colin Penn and Garrett Port of the USGS was greatly
appreciated. We would like to thank two anonymous reviewers for their
insightful comments that improved this manuscript and Richard Slattery
(USGS), who provided helpful comments on an earlier version of this
manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 77
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 19
BP 3373
EP 3389
DI 10.1002/hyp.10864
PG 17
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DW3US
UT WOS:000383569200003
ER
PT J
AU Bakker, DCE
Pfeil, B
Landa, CS
Metzl, N
O'Brien, KM
Olsen, A
Smith, K
Cosca, C
Harasawa, S
Jones, SD
Nakaoka, S
Nojiri, Y
Schuster, U
Steinhoff, T
Sweeney, C
Takahashi, T
Tilbrook, B
Wada, C
Wanninkhof, R
Alin, SR
Balestrini, CF
Barbero, L
Bates, NR
Bianchi, AA
Bonou, F
Boutin, J
Bozec, Y
Burger, EF
Cai, WJ
Castle, RD
Chen, LQ
Chierici, M
Currie, K
Evans, W
Featherstone, C
Feely, RA
Fransson, A
Goyet, C
Greenwood, N
Gregor, L
Hankin, S
Hardman-Mountford, NJ
Harlay, J
Hauck, J
Hoppema, M
Humphreys, MP
Hunt, C
Huss, B
Ibanhez, JSP
Johannessen, T
Keeling, R
Kitidis, V
Kortzinger, A
Kozyr, A
Krasakopoulou, E
Kuwata, A
Landschutzer, P
Lauvset, SK
Lefevre, N
Lo Monaco, C
Manke, A
Mathis, JT
Merlivat, L
Millero, FJ
Monteiro, PMS
Munro, DR
Murata, A
Newberger, T
Omar, AM
Ono, T
Paterson, K
Pearce, D
Pierrot, D
Robbins, LL
Saito, S
Salisbury, J
Schlitzer, R
Schneider, B
Schweitzer, R
Sieger, R
Skjelvan, I
Sullivan, KF
Sutherland, SC
Sutton, AJ
Tadokoro, K
Telszewski, M
Tuma, M
van Heuven, SMAC
Vandemark, D
Ward, B
Watson, AJ
Xu, SQ
AF Bakker, Dorothee C. E.
Pfeil, Benjamin
Landa, Camilla S.
Metzl, Nicolas
O'Brien, Kevin M.
Olsen, Are
Smith, Karl
Cosca, Cathy
Harasawa, Sumiko
Jones, Stephen D.
Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro
Nojiri, Yukihiro
Schuster, Ute
Steinhoff, Tobias
Sweeney, Colm
Takahashi, Taro
Tilbrook, Bronte
Wada, Chisato
Wanninkhof, Rik
Alin, Simone R.
Balestrini, Carlos F.
Barbero, Leticia
Bates, Nicholas R.
Bianchi, Alejandro A.
Bonou, Frederic
Boutin, Jacqueline
Bozec, Yann
Burger, Eugene F.
Cai, Wei-Jun
Castle, Robert D.
Chen, Liqi
Chierici, Melissa
Currie, Kim
Evans, Wiley
Featherstone, Charles
Feely, Richard A.
Fransson, Agneta
Goyet, Catherine
Greenwood, Naomi
Gregor, Luke
Hankin, Steven
Hardman-Mountford, Nick J.
Harlay, Jerome
Hauck, Judith
Hoppema, Mario
Humphreys, Matthew P.
Hunt, ChristopherW.
Huss, Betty
Ibanhez, J. Severino P.
Johannessen, Truls
Keeling, Ralph
Kitidis, Vassilis
Koertzinger, Arne
Kozyr, Alex
Krasakopoulou, Evangelia
Kuwata, Akira
Landschuetzer, Peter
Lauvset, Siv K.
Lefevre, Nathalie
Lo Monaco, Claire
Manke, Ansley
Mathis, Jeremy T.
Merlivat, Liliane
Millero, Frank J.
Monteiro, Pedro M. S.
Munro, David R.
Murata, Akihiko
Newberger, Timothy
Omar, Abdirahman M.
Ono, Tsuneo
Paterson, Kristina
Pearce, David
Pierrot, Denis
Robbins, Lisa L.
Saito, Shu
Salisbury, Joe
Schlitzer, Reiner
Schneider, Bernd
Schweitzer, Roland
Sieger, Rainer
Skjelvan, Ingunn
Sullivan, Kevin F.
Sutherland, Stewart C.
Sutton, Adrienne J.
Tadokoro, Kazuaki
Telszewski, Maciej
Tuma, Matthias
van Heuven, Steven M. A. C. .
Vandemark, Doug
Ward, Brian
Watson, Andrew J.
Xu, Suqing
TI A multi-decade record of high-quality fCO(2) data in version 3 of the
Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT)
SO EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
LA English
DT Article
ID MIXED-LAYER SCHEME; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; CARBON SINK; EQUATORIAL PACIFIC;
ATMOSPHERIC CO2; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; NEURAL-NETWORK; NORTH-ATLANTIC;
INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; FLUX VARIABILITY
AB The Surface Ocean CO2 Atlas (SOCAT) is a synthesis of quality-controlled fCO(2) (fugacity of carbon dioxide) values for the global surface oceans and coastal seas with regular updates. Version 3 of SOCAT has 14.7 million fCO(2) values from 3646 data sets covering the years 1957 to 2014. This latest version has an additional 4.6 million fCO(2) values relative to version 2 and extends the record from 2011 to 2014. Version 3 also significantly increases the data availability for 2005 to 2013. SOCAT has an average of approximately 1.2 million surface water fCO(2) values per year for the years 2006 to 2012. Quality and documentation of the data has improved. A new feature is the data set quality control (QC) flag of E for data from alternative sensors and platforms. The accuracy of surface water fCO(2) has been defined for all data set QC flags. Automated range checking has been carried out for all data sets during their upload into SOCAT. The upgrade of the interactive Data Set Viewer (previously known as the Cruise Data Viewer) allows better interrogation of the SOCAT data collection and rapid creation of high-quality figures for scientific presentations. Automated data upload has been launched for version 4 and will enable more frequent SOCAT releases in the future. High-profile scientific applications of SOCAT include quantification of the ocean sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide and its long-term variation, detection of ocean acidification, as well as evaluation of coupled-climate and ocean-only biogeochemical models. Users of SOCAT data products are urged to acknowledge the contribution of data providers, as stated in the SOCAT Fair Data Use Statement. This ESSD (Earth System Science Data) "living data" publication documents the methods and data sets used for the assembly of this new version of the SOCAT data collection and compares these with those used for earlier versions of the data collection (Pfeil et al., 2013; Sabine et al., 2013; Bakker et al., 2014).Individual data set files, included in the synthesis product, can be downloaded here: doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.849770. The gridded products are available here: doi: 10.3334/CDIAC/OTG.SOCAT_V3_GRID.
C1 [Bakker, Dorothee C. E.] Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Ctr Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
[Pfeil, Benjamin; Landa, Camilla S.; Olsen, Are; Jones, Stephen D.; Johannessen, Truls; Lauvset, Siv K.; Omar, Abdirahman M.; Skjelvan, Ingunn] Univ Bergen, Geophys Inst, N-5020 Bergen, Norway.
[Pfeil, Benjamin; Landa, Camilla S.; Olsen, Are; Jones, Stephen D.] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
[Metzl, Nicolas; Boutin, Jacqueline; Lefevre, Nathalie; Lo Monaco, Claire; Merlivat, Liliane] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, CNRS, IRD,MNHN,LOCEAN IPSL Lab, F-75005 Paris, France.
[O'Brien, Kevin M.; Smith, Karl; Alin, Simone R.; Burger, Eugene F.; Feely, Richard A.; Manke, Ansley; Mathis, Jeremy T.; Sutton, Adrienne J.] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way Ne, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[O'Brien, Kevin M.; Smith, Karl; Hankin, Steven; Sutton, Adrienne J.] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Oceans, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Harasawa, Sumiko; Nakaoka, Shin-ichiro; Nojiri, Yukihiro; Wada, Chisato] Natl Inst Environm Studies, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3058506, Japan.
[Schuster, Ute; Watson, Andrew J.] Univ Exeter, Coll Life & Environm Sci, Exeter EX4 4QE, Devon, England.
[Steinhoff, Tobias; Koertzinger, Arne] GEOMAR Helmholtz Ctr Ocean Res Kiel, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
[Sweeney, Colm; Newberger, Timothy] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Sweeney, Colm; Newberger, Timothy] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Takahashi, Taro; Sutherland, Stewart C.] Columbia Univ, Lamont Doherty Earth Observ, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Tilbrook, Bronte; Paterson, Kristina] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Tilbrook, Bronte] Univ Tasmania, Antarctic Climate & Ecosyst Cooperat Res Ctr, Hobart, Tas 7001, Australia.
[Wanninkhof, Rik; Barbero, Leticia; Castle, Robert D.; Featherstone, Charles; Huss, Betty; Pierrot, Denis; Sullivan, Kevin F.] NOAA, Atlantic Oceanog & Meteorol Lab, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Balestrini, Carlos F.; Bianchi, Alejandro A.] Serv Hidrog Naval, Dept Oceanog, C1270ABV, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
[Barbero, Leticia; Pierrot, Denis; Sullivan, Kevin F.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, 4600 Rickenbacker Causeway, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Bates, Nicholas R.] Bermuda Inst Ocean Sci, GE01, Ferry Reach, St Georges, Bermuda.
[Bates, Nicholas R.; Humphreys, Matthew P.] Univ Southampton, Ocean & Earth Sci, Southampton SO14 3ZH, Hants, England.
[Bonou, Frederic; Ibanhez, J. Severino P.] Univ Fed Pernambuco, Ctr Estudos & Ensaios Risco & Modelagem Ambienta, BR-50740550 Recife, PE, Brazil.
[Bozec, Yann] Univ Paris 06, Sorbonne Univ, Adaptat & Divers Milieu Marin UMR7144, Stn Biol Roscoff,CNRS, F-29680 Roscoff, France.
[Cai, Wei-Jun] Univ Delaware, Sch Marine Sci & Policy, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Chen, Liqi; Xu, Suqing] State Ocean Adm, Inst Oceanog 3, Key Lab Global Change & Marine Atmospher Chem, Xiamen 361005, Peoples R China.
[Chen, Liqi] Chinese Arct & Antarct Adm, Beijing 100860, Peoples R China.
[Chierici, Melissa] Inst Marine Res, N-9294 Tromso, Norway.
[Chierici, Melissa] Univ Gothenburg, Dept Marine Sci, S-40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.
[Currie, Kim] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
[Evans, Wiley] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Ocean Acidificat Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Evans, Wiley] Hakai Inst, Calver Isl, BC V0P 1H0, Canada.
[Fransson, Agneta] Norwegian Polar Res Inst, Fram Ctr, N-9296 Tromso, Norway.
[Goyet, Catherine] Univ Perpignan, IMAGES ESPACE DEV, F-66860 Perpignan, France.
[Goyet, Catherine] Maison Teledetect, UMR ESPACE DEV, F-34000 Montpellier, France.
[Greenwood, Naomi; Pearce, David] Ctr Environm Fisheries & Aquaculture Sci, Lowestoft NR33 0HT, Suffolk, England.
[Gregor, Luke; Monteiro, Pedro M. S.] CSIR CHPC, Ocean Syst & Climate, ZA-7700 Cape Town, South Africa.
[Hardman-Mountford, Nick J.] CSIRO Oceans & Atmosphere, Floreat, WA 6014, Australia.
[Harlay, Jerome] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Oceanog, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Hauck, Judith; Hoppema, Mario; Sieger, Rainer] Alfred Wegener Inst Helmholtz Ctr Polar & Marine, D-27515 Bremerhaven, Germany.
[Hunt, ChristopherW.; Salisbury, Joe; Vandemark, Doug] Univ New Hampshire, Ocean Proc Anal Lab, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Ibanhez, J. Severino P.] IRD, BR-71640230 Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Johannessen, Truls; Skjelvan, Ingunn] Bjerknes Ctr Climate Res, Uni Res Climate, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
[Keeling, Ralph] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093 USA.
[Kitidis, Vassilis] Plymouth Marine Lab, Plymouth PL1 3DH, Devon, England.
[Kozyr, Alex] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Carbon Dioxide Informat Anal Ctr, POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Krasakopoulou, Evangelia] Univ Aegean, Dept Marine Sci, Mitilini 81100, Lesvos, Greece.
[Kuwata, Akira; Tadokoro, Kazuaki] Japan Fisheries Res & Educ Agcy, Tohoku Natl Fisheries Res Inst, Shiogama, Miyagi 9850001, Japan.
[Landschuetzer, Peter] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Millero, Frank J.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Dept Ocean Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
[Munro, David R.] Univ Colorado, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Munro, David R.] Univ Colorado, Inst Arct & Alpine Res, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Murata, Akihiko] Japan Agcy Marine Earth Sci & Technol, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 2370061, Japan.
[Ono, Tsuneo] Japan Fisheries Res & Educ Agcy, Natl Res Inst Fisheries Sci, Yokohama, Kanagawa 2368648, Japan.
[Robbins, Lisa L.] US Geol Survey, St Petersburg, FL 33701 USA.
[Saito, Shu] Japan Meteorol Agcy, Global Environm & Marine Dept, Marine Div, Tokyo 1008122, Japan.
[Schneider, Bernd] Leibniz Inst Balt Sea Res, D-18119 Rostock, Warnemunde, Germany.
[Schweitzer, Roland] Weathertop Consulting LLC, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
[Telszewski, Maciej] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Oceanol, Int Ocean Carbon Coordinat Project, PL-81712 Sopot, Poland.
[Tuma, Matthias] World Meteorol Org, WCRP Joint Planning Staff, CH-1211 Geneva 2, Switzerland.
[van Heuven, Steven M. A. C. .] Royal Netherlands Inst Sea Res, NL-1797 SZ T Horntje, Texel, Netherlands.
[Ward, Brian] Natl Univ Ireland, AirSea Lab, Ryan Inst, Galway, Ireland.
[Ward, Brian] Natl Univ Ireland, AirSea Lab, Sch Phys, Galway, Ireland.
RP Bakker, DCE (reprint author), Univ East Anglia, Sch Environm Sci, Ctr Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Norwich NR4 7TJ, Norfolk, England.
EM d.bakker@uea.ac.uk
RI Olsen, Are/A-1511-2011; Bakker, Dorothee/E-4951-2015; Sutton,
Adrienne/C-7725-2015; Humphreys, Matthew/A-8939-2015; Tilbrook,
Bronte/A-1522-2012; Barbero, Leticia/B-5237-2011; Pierrot,
Denis/A-7459-2014; Nojiri, Yukihiro/D-1999-2010; Cai, Wenju/C-2864-2012;
OI Olsen, Are/0000-0003-1696-9142; Bakker, Dorothee/0000-0001-9234-5337;
Sutton, Adrienne/0000-0002-7414-7035; Humphreys,
Matthew/0000-0002-9371-7128; Tilbrook, Bronte/0000-0001-9385-3827;
Barbero, Leticia/0000-0002-8858-5247; Pierrot,
Denis/0000-0002-0374-3825; Nojiri, Yukihiro/0000-0001-9885-9195; Jones,
Steve/0000-0003-0522-9851
FU US National Science Foundation [OCE-124 3377]; University of East Anglia
(UK); Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research (Norway); Geophysical
Institute at the University of Bergen (Norway); University of Washington
(US); Climate Observation Division of the Climate Program Office; NOAA
Ocean Acidification Program; NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental
Laboratory (PMEL); NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory (AOML); NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory (US); PANGAEA(R) Data Publisher for Earth and
Environmental Science (Germany); Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz
Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Germany); Antarctic Climate and
Ecosystems Cooperative Research Centre (Australia); National Institute
for Environmental Studies (Japan); Uni Research (Norway); European Union
[FP7 264879, FP7 283080, 633211]; Natural Environment Research Council
(NERC) [NE/H017046/1]; Departments for Energy and Climate Change and for
Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra); NERC [NE/K00168X/1]; Defra;
SOCAT; Australian International Marine Observing System; U.S. Geological
Survey; National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) (US);
European Space Agency; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
(BMBF, ICOS-D) [01LK1224J, 01LK1101C, 01LK1101E]; Japanese Ministry of
the Environment; Royal Society of New Zealand via the New
Zealand-Germany Science and Technology Programme; Norwegian Research
Council (SNACS) [229752]; Swedish Research Council [2004-4034]; Swedish
Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial
Planning (Formas) [2004-797]
FX Research vessel Tiglax in Columbia Bay, Alaska, is shown on the website
for SOCAT version 3. The Columbia Glacier can be seen at the head of the
bay, as well as calved ice from the glacier. The photo was taken by
Wiley Evans. Pete Brown (National Oceanography Centre Southampton, UK)
designed the SOCAT logo. IOCCP (via a US National Science Foundation
grant (OCE-124 3377) to the Scientific Committee on Oceanic Research),
IOC-UNESCO (International Oceanographic Commission of the United Nations
Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization), SOLAS and IMBER
provided travel and meeting support. Funding was received from the
University of East Anglia (UK), the Bjerknes Centre for Climate Research
(Norway), the Geophysical Institute at the University of Bergen (Norway)
and the University of Washington (US). The US National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) made important financial contributions
via the Climate Observation Division of the Climate Program Office, the
NOAA Ocean Acidification Program, the NOAA Pacific Marine Environmental
Laboratory (PMEL), the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological
Laboratory (AOML) and the NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory. Funding
was also received from Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US), PANGAEA (R)
Data Publisher for Earth and Environmental Science (Germany), the Alfred
Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
(Germany), the Antarctic Climate and Ecosystems Cooperative Research
Centre (Australia), the National Institute for Environmental Studies
(Japan) and Uni Research (Norway). Research projects making SOCAT
possible included the European Union projects CarboChange (FP7 264879),
GEOCARBON (FP7 283080) and AtlantOS (633211), the UK Ocean Acidification
Research Programme (NE/H017046/1; funded by the Natural Environment
Research Council (NERC) and the Departments for Energy and Climate
Change and for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra)) and the UK
Shelf Sea Biogeochemistry Blue Carbon project (NE/K00168X/1; funded by
NERC and Defra). Numerous government and funding agencies financially
supported SOCAT, notably the Australian International Marine Observing
System, the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA) (US), the European Space Agency, the German
Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF projects 01LK1224J,
01LK1101C, 01LK1101E, ICOS-D), the Japanese Ministry of the Environment,
the Royal Society of New Zealand via the New Zealand-Germany Science and
Technology Programme, the Norwegian Research Council (SNACS, 229752),
the Swedish Research Council (project 2004-4034) and the Swedish
Research Council for Environment, Agricultural Sciences and Spatial
Planning (Formas, project 2004-797). This is PMEL contribution number
4441. Finally, we thank the two anonymous reviewers for their
thoughtful, constructive and insightful reviews.
NR 133
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PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1866-3508
EI 1866-3516
J9 EARTH SYST SCI DATA
JI Earth Syst. Sci. Data
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 2
BP 383
EP 413
DI 10.5194/essd-8-383-2016
PG 31
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DX3DM
UT WOS:000384253400001
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, BL
Keim, RF
Johnson, EL
Hupp, CR
Marre, S
King, SL
AF Edwards, Brandon L.
Keim, Richard F.
Johnson, Erin L.
Hupp, Cliff R.
Marre, Saraline
King, Sammy L.
TI Geomorphic adjustment to hydrologic modifications along a meandering
river: Implications for surface flooding on a floodplain
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Floodplain geomorphology; Channel incision; Flood modeling;
Anthropogenic modification
ID LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; COASTAL-PLAIN RIVERS; ALLUVIAL VALLEY; CHANNEL
EVOLUTION; BASELEVEL CHANGE; TREE GROWTH; SEA-LEVEL; USA; DOWNSTREAM;
CONNECTIVITY
AB Responses of large regulated rivers to contemporary changes in base level are not well understood. We used field measurements and historical analysis of air photos and topographic maps to identify geomorphic trends of the lower White River, Arkansas, USA, in the 70 years following base-level lowering at its confluence with the Mississippi River and concurrent with flood control by dams. Incision was identified below a knickpoint area upstream of St. Charles, AR, and increases over the lowermost similar to 90 km of the study site to similar to 2 m near the confluence with the Mississippi River. Mean bankfull width increased by 30 m (21%) from 1930 to 2010. Bank widening appears to be the result of flow regulation above the incision knickpoint and concomitant with incision below the knickpoint. Hydraulic modeling indicated that geomorphic adjustments likely reduced flooding by 58% during frequent floods in the incised, lowermost floodplain affected by backwater flooding from the Mississippi River and by 22% above the knickpoint area. Dominance of backwater flooding in the incised reach indicates that incision is more important than flood control on the lower White River in altering flooding and also suggests that the Mississippi River may be the dominant control in shaping the lower floodplain. Overall, results highlight the complex geomorphic adjustment in large river-floodplain systems in response to anthropogenic modifications and their implications, including reduced river-floodplain connectivity. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Edwards, Brandon L.; Keim, Richard F.; Johnson, Erin L.; Marre, Saraline] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Hupp, Cliff R.] US Geol Survey, 430 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[King, Sammy L.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ctr Agr, 124 Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Edwards, BL (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Ctr Agr, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM bedwar4@lsu.edu
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Memphis District; USDA NIFA [LAB94181]
FX this work was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Memphis
District and USDA NIFA LAB94181. We thank Arkansas Natural Heritage for
supporting investigation of the White River system, the Dale Bumpers
White River National Wildlife Refuge staff, especially Jay Hitchcock,
for support of this project, and Scott Allen, Whitney Kroschel, Mary
Grace Lemon, and Michael Baker for field assistance. We also thank the
editor and manuscript reviewers for their comments, which greatly
improved the manuscript Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government
NR 63
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 269
BP 149
EP 159
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.06.037
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DT6JW
UT WOS:000381591500013
ER
PT J
AU Konter, JG
Pietruszka, AJ
Hanan, BB
Finlayson, VA
Craddock, PR
Jackson, MG
Dauphas, N
AF Konter, Jasper G.
Pietruszka, Aaron J.
Hanan, Barry B.
Finlayson, Valerie A.
Craddock, Paul R.
Jackson, Matthew G.
Dauphas, Nicolas
TI Unusual delta Fe-56 values in Samoan rejuvenated lavas generated in the
mantle
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Samoa; rejuvenated lavas; high delta Fe-56; isotope fractionation;
mantle source
ID IRON ISOTOPE FRACTIONATION; MAGMATIC DIFFERENTIATION; OCEANIC BASALTS;
OXYGEN FUGACITY; EARTHS MANTLE; SORET DIFFUSION; 3 GPA; HETEROGENEITY;
METASOMATISM; GEOCHEMISTRY
AB Several magmatic processes contribute to the Fe isotope composition of igneous rocks. Most basalts fall within a limited range of delta Fe-56 (+0.10 +/- 0.05 parts per thousand), although more differentiated lavas trend towards slightly elevated values (up to +0.3 parts per thousand). New data for basalts and olivine crystals from the Samoan Islands show higher delta Fe-56 values than have previously been reported for basalts worldwide. Common magmatic processes - from partial melting of average mantle to subsequent differentiation of melts - cannot sufficiently fractionate the Fe isotopes to explain the elevated delta Fe-56 values (similar to+0.3 parts per thousand) in rejuvenated Samoan lavas. Instead, a mantle source with an elevated delta Fe-56 value - in conjunction with effects due to common magmatic processes - is required. The Samoan mantle source is known to be unique in its radiogenic isotope composition and indications that melting of the Samoan mantle source can generate elevated delta Fe-56 values in lavas comes from: (1) High fO(2) values of Samoan lavas and their likely sources affecting Fe isotope fractionation during melting; (2) Metasomatism that caused elevated delta Fe-56 in the Samoan mantle, as observed in xenoliths; and (3) Involvement of a pyroxenite source lithology, based on the Zn/Fe ratios and TiO2 (and other high field-strength element) abundances of the lavas, that can generate melts with elevated delta Fe-56 values. Two models are presented to explain the elevated delta Fe-56 values in Samoan lavas: a metasomatized source (similar to +0.07 parts per thousand) or the presence of a pyroxenite source component (similar to +0.12 parts per thousand). Both models subsequently elevate delta Fe-56 values with both partial melting (similar to +0.14 parts per thousand) and fractional crystallization (similar to +0.1 parts per thousand). These processes may be related to an upwelling mantle plume with a pyroxenite component, or melting of, previously metasomatized upper mantle. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Konter, Jasper G.; Finlayson, Valerie A.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Konter, Jasper G.; Pietruszka, Aaron J.; Hanan, Barry B.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Pietruszka, Aaron J.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Craddock, Paul R.; Dauphas, Nicolas] Univ Chicago, Dept Geophys Sci, Origins Lab, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Craddock, Paul R.; Dauphas, Nicolas] Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Craddock, Paul R.] Schlumberger Doll Res Ctr, Reservoir Geosci, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Jackson, Matthew G.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Earth Sci, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
RP Konter, JG (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM jkonter@hawaii.edu
NR 57
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 450
BP 221
EP 232
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.06.029
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DT5PR
UT WOS:000381535600021
ER
PT J
AU Villarreal, ML
Norman, LM
Buckley, S
Wallace, CSA
Coe, MA
AF Villarreal, Miguel L.
Norman, Laura M.
Buckley, Steven
Wallace, Cynthia S. A.
Coe, Michelle A.
TI Multi-index time series monitoring of drought and fire effects on desert
grasslands
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Time series analysis; Fractional cover; Landsat; SATVI; NDVI;
Grasslands; Fire management; Drought
ID INTRODUCED LEHMANN LOVEGRASS; RITA-EXPERIMENTAL-RANGE; VEGETATION INDEX;
LANDSAT DATA; CHIHUAHUAN DESERT; ARIZONA GRASSLAND; PRESCRIBED FIRE;
PLUS DATA; COVER; MANAGEMENT
AB The Western United States is expected to undergo both extended periods of drought and longer wildfire seasons under forecasted global climate change and it is important to understand how these disturbances will interact and affect recovery and composition of plant communities in the future. In this research paper we describe the temporal response of grassland communities to drought and fire in southern Arizona, where land managers are using repeated, prescribed fire as a habitat restoration tool. Using a 25-year atlas of fire locations, we paired sites with multiple fires to unburned control areas and compare satellite and field-based estimates of vegetation cover over time. Two hundred and fifty Landsat TM images, dating from 1985-2011, were used to derive estimates of Total Vegetation Fractional Cover (TVFC) of live and senescent grass using the Soil-Adjusted Total Vegetation Index (SATVI) and post-fire vegetation greenness using the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). We also implemented a Greenness to Cover Index that is the difference of time-standardized SATVITvFc and NDVI values at a given time and location to identify post-fire shifts in native, non-native, and annual plant cover. The results highlight anomalous greening and browning during drought periods related to amounts of annual and non-native plant cover present. Results suggest that aggressive application of prescribed fire may encourage spread of non-native perennial grasses and annual plants, particularly during droughts. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Villarreal, Miguel L.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 531, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Norman, Laura M.; Wallace, Cynthia S. A.] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 520 N Pk Ave,Suite 102G, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Buckley, Steven] Natl Pk Serv, Southwest Exot Plant Management Team, 12661 E Broadway Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85748 USA.
[Coe, Michelle A.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Box 210076, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Villarreal, ML (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 531, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mvillarreal@usgs.gov; lnorman@usgs.gov; steve_buckley@nps.gov;
cswallace@usgs.gov; macoe@email.arizona.edu
OI Villarreal, Miguel/0000-0003-0720-1422; Buckley,
Steve/0000-0002-3922-0436
FU USGS; University of Arizona/NASA Space Grant Undergraduate Research
Internship
FX This research was funded through a Mendenhall Fellowship provided by the
Land Remote Sensing and Land Change Science Programs of the USGS.
Michelle Coe was supported by a University of Arizona/NASA Space Grant
Undergraduate Research Internship. The authors would like to thank
Steven Sesnie (US Fish and Wildlife Service) for an early review of the
manuscript, and three anonymous reviewers for their insightful comments.
We also appreciate the contributions provided by Dan Cohan, Juliette
Gutierrez, Lacrecia Johnson, Alycia Parnell, and Emily Yurcich (US Fish
and Wildlife Service), Philip Heilman and Chandra Holifield Collins
(USDA Agricultural Research Service), Stephen Hagen (Applied
Geosolutions), Kristen Bonebrake and Sarah Studd (National Park Service
Sonoran Desert Network), and Jonathan Smith, Susan Benjamin, Mara
Tongue, and Matthew Jamieson (US Geological Survey). Any use of trade,
product, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by US government.
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PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 183
BP 186
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.05.026
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DU6SR
UT WOS:000382345400015
ER
PT J
AU Reidy, JL
Thompson, FR
Schwope, C
Rowin, S
Mueller, JM
AF Reidy, Jennifer L.
Thompson, Frank R., III
Schwope, Carl
Rowin, Scott
Mueller, James M.
TI Effects of prescribed fire on fuels, vegetation, and Golden-cheeked
Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) demographics in Texas juniper-oak
woodlands
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Ashe juniper; BACI design; Demography; Density; Fire severity; Oaks;
Return rates
ID QUERCUS-BUCKLEYI; NEST SURVIVAL; CROWN FIRE; PRODUCTIVITY; DENSITY;
CLIMATE; MODELS; URBAN; EDGE
AB The Golden-cheeked Warbler (Setophaga chrysoparia) is an endangered songbird that breeds in mature juniper-oak woodlands restricted to Central Texas. This habitat is increasingly susceptible to crown fire due to climate change, land use change, and fire suppression. Prescribed fire is a potential tool to reduce the risk of crown fire and may be a management tool to enhance juniper-oak woodlands for breeding warblers. However, no experimental study has been undertaken to investigate how well prescribed fire can meet these goals. We conducted a before-after control-impact study on three plot-pairs within Balcones Canyonlands National Wildlife Refuge, Texas, from 2012 to 2014 to evaluate the response of fuel loads, vegetation structure, and warblers to prescribed fire. We measured fuel loads and vegetation structure in summer 2012 (pre-treatment) and 2014 (post-treatment). We burned one randomly-chosen plot within each plot-pair during February 2013 and measured fire severity in May 2013. We monitored populations of warblers to determine plot abundance and breeding success each season. Impact of the prescribed fires was highly variable across treatment plots with similar to 9% of points showing no effects of fire on junipers and similar to 9% showing high mortality in the juniper canopy. All 12 fuel and vegetation measures responded to fire in the direction expected; however, only juniper seedling density, juniper sapling density, hardwood sapling density, canopy cover, litter cover, and litter depth were significant (i.e., year x treatment effect P < 0.05). Warbler density decreased 23% and 40% in the two post-treatment years in response to fire but other demographics did not have significant year x treatment effects. Across all plots and years, 67-93% of males were aged after-second year ("ASY"), pairing success was high (94-100%), average breeding success was 50-63%, and mean daily nest survival was 0.957 (SE = 0.010). Return rates averaged 45% and 35% for control and treatment plots. Discrete choice analysis based on locations of males in treated plots revealed the highest probability of use was in closed-canopy woodlands that experienced low to moderate fire severity effects from the fire (canopy intact but some intermediate level of subcanopy mortality) and the lowest probability of use was where fire severity was high. A single application of prescribed fire achieved many but not all fuel and vegetation objectives. The resulting reductions in warbler densities appeared due to avoidance of areas with high burn severity, whereas areas of low to moderate burn severity had high warbler use. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Reidy, Jennifer L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, USDA Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, 202 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Thompson, Frank R., III] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 202 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Schwope, Carl; Rowin, Scott; Mueller, James M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Balcones Canyonlands Natl Wildlife Refuge, 24518 FM 1431, Marble Falls, TX 78654 USA.
RP Reidy, JL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM jennifer.reidy@gmail.com
FU U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service Balcones Canyonlands National Wildlife
Refuge; U.S.D.A. Forest Service Northern Research Station; University of
Missouri-Columbia
FX We are grateful to H. Becker, A. Cronin, C. Hunts, D. Lumpkin, L.
Moulton, C. Parrs, J. Scalise, M. Wickens, and M. Wilcox for assistance
with data collection and J. Stanovick for assistance with data analysis.
We thank W. Reiner for comments on a version of this paper. Funding and
additional support was provided by U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Balcones Canyonlands National Wildlife Refuge, the U.S.D.A. Forest
Service Northern Research Station, and the University of
Missouri-Columbia. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 43
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PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 376
BP 96
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.06.005
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA DT1HY
UT WOS:000381233500010
ER
PT J
AU Caputo, J
Beier, CM
Sullivan, TJ
Lawrence, GB
AF Caputo, Jesse
Beier, Colin M.
Sullivan, Timothy J.
Lawrence, Gregory B.
TI Modeled effects of soil acidification on long-term ecological and
economic outcomes for managed forests in the Adirondack region (USA)
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Acid rain; Ecosystem services; Northern hardwood forests; Wood products;
Climate regulation; Cultural services
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; EASTERN NORTH-AMERICA; SUGAR MAPLE; ACIDIC
DEPOSITION; CROWN VIGOR; NEW-YORK; HARDWOODS; TREE; GROWTH; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Sugar maple (Acer saccharum) is among the most ecologically and economically important tree species in North America, and its growth and regeneration is often the focus of silvicultural practices in northern hardwood forests. A key stressor for sugar maple (SM) is acid rain, which depletes base cations from poorly-buffered forest soils and has been associated with much lower SM vigor, growth, and recruitment. However, the potential interactions between forest management and soil acidification - and their implications for the sustainability of SM and its economic and cultural benefits - have not been investigated. In this study, we simulated the development of 50 extant SM stands in the western Adirondack region of NY (USA) for 100 years under different soil chemical conditions and silvicultural prescriptions. We found that interactions between management prescription and soil base saturation will strongly shape the ability to maintain SM in managed forests. Below 12% base saturation, SM did not regenerate sufficiently after harvest and was replaced mainly by red maple (Acer rubrum) and American beech (Fagus grandifolia). Loss of SM on acid-impaired sites was predicted regardless of whether the shelterwood or diameter-limit prescriptions were used. On soils with sufficient base saturation, models predicted that SM will regenerate after harvest and be sustained for future rotations. We then estimated how these different post-harvest outcomes, mediated by acid impairment of forest soils, would affect the potential monetary value of ecosystem services provided by SM forests. Model simulations indicated that a management strategy focused on syrup production - although not feasible across the vast areas where acid impairment has occurred may generate the greatest economic return. Although pollution from acid rain is declining, its long-term legacy in forest soils will shape future options for sustainable forestry and ecosystem stewardship in the northern hardwood forests of North America. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Caputo, Jesse; Beier, Colin M.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Sullivan, Timothy J.] E&S Environm Chem Inc, POB 609, Corvallis, OR 97339 USA.
[Lawrence, Gregory B.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Cente, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Caputo, J (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM jcaputo@esf.edu
FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA)
[33072]
FX This research was supported by several grants provided by the New York
State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA grant #33072).
We wish to thank D. Bishop and T. McDonnell for key contributions to
datasets used in our study. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 60
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U1 44
U2 81
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 565
BP 401
EP 411
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.008
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DP0UV
UT WOS:000378206300039
PM 27179322
ER
PT J
AU McMurry, ST
Belden, JB
Smith, LM
Morrison, SA
Daniel, DW
Euliss, BR
Euliss, NH
Kensinger, BJ
Tangen, BA
AF McMurry, Scott T.
Belden, Jason B.
Smith, Loren M.
Morrison, Shane A.
Daniel, Dale W.
Euliss, Betty R.
Euliss, Ned H., Jr.
Kensinger, Bart J.
Tangen, Brian A.
TI Land use effects on pesticides in sediments of prairie pothole wetlands
in North and South Dakota
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Herbicides; Fungicides; Insecticides; Prairie pothole; Wetlands
ID ACUTE TOXICITY; BED SEDIMENTS; HIGH-PLAINS; PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES;
FUNGICIDE FORMULATIONS; CONSERVATION PROGRAMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES;
UNITED-STATES; GLYPHOSATE; STREAMS
AB Prairie potholes are the dominant wetland type in the intensively cultivated northern Great Plains of North America, and thus have the potential to receive pesticide runoff and drift. We examined the presence of pesticides in sediments of 151 wetlands split among the three dominant land use types, Conservation Reserve Program (CRP), cropland, and native prairie, in North and South Dakota in 2011. Herbicides (glyphosate and atrazine) and fungicides were detected regularly, with no insecticide detections. Glyphosate was the most detected pesticide, occurring in 61% of all wetlands, with atrazine in only 8% of wetlands. Pyraclostrobin was one of five fungicides detected, but the only one of significance, being detected in 31% of wetlands. Glyphosate was the only pesticide that differed by land use, with concentrations in cropland over four-times that in either native prairie or CRP, which were equal in concentration and frequency of detection. Despite examining several landscape variables, such as wetland proximity to specific crop types, watershed size, and others, land use was the best variable explaining pesticide concentrations in potholes. CRP ameliorated glyphosate in wetlands at concentrations comparable to native prairie and thereby provides another ecosystem service from this expansive program. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [McMurry, Scott T.; Belden, Jason B.; Smith, Loren M.; Morrison, Shane A.; Daniel, Dale W.; Kensinger, Bart J.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Euliss, Betty R.; Euliss, Ned H., Jr.; Tangen, Brian A.] USGS Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP McMurry, ST (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Integrat Biol, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM scott.mcmurry@okstate.edu
FU Natural Resource Conservation Service - CEAP Wetlands [CD-966441-01]
FX We thank the Natural Resource Conservation Service - CEAP Wetlands
(CD-966441-01) for their financial assistance.
NR 40
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U1 31
U2 49
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD SEP 15
PY 2016
VL 565
BP 682
EP 689
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.209
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DP0UV
UT WOS:000378206300069
PM 27219502
ER
PT J
AU Dunker, KJ
Sepulveda, AJ
Massengill, RL
Olsen, JB
Russ, OL
Wenburg, JK
Antonovich, A
AF Dunker, Kristine J.
Sepulveda, Adam J.
Massengill, Robert L.
Olsen, Jeffrey B.
Russ, Ora L.
Wenburg, John K.
Antonovich, Anton
TI Potential of Environmental DNA to Evaluate Northern Pike (Esox lucius)
Eradication Efforts: An Experimental Test and Case Study
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; FISH; STREAM; EDNA; SALMONIDS; CONSUMPTION;
SEDIMENTS; WATER; RIVER; TIME
AB Determining the success of invasive species eradication efforts is challenging because populations at very low abundance are difficult to detect. Environmental DNA (eDNA) sampling has recently emerged as a powerful tool for detecting rare aquatic animals; however, detectable fragments of DNA can persist over time despite absence of the targeted taxa and can therefore complicate eDNA sampling after an eradication event. This complication is a large concern for fish eradication efforts in lakes since killed fish can sink to the bottom and slowly decay. DNA released from these carcasses may remain detectable for long periods. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of eDNA sampling to detect invasive Northern pike (Esox lucius) following piscicide eradication efforts in southcentral Alaskan lakes. We used field observations and experiments to test the sensitivity of our Northern pike eDNA assay and to evaluate the persistence of detectable DNA emitted from Northern pike carcasses. We then used eDNA sampling and traditional sampling (i.e., gillnets) to test for presence of Northern pike in four lakes subjected to a piscicide-treatment designed to eradicate this species. We found that our assay could detect an abundant, free-roaming population of Northern pike and could also detect low-densities of Northern pike held in cages. For these caged Northern pike, probability of detection decreased with distance from the cage. We then stocked three lakes with Northern pike carcasses and collected eDNA samples 7, 35 and 70 days post-stocking. We detected DNA at 7 and 35 days, but not at 70 days. Finally, we collected eDNA samples similar to 230 days after four lakes were subjected to piscicide-treatments and detected Northern pike DNA in 3 of 179 samples, with a single detection at each of three lakes, though we did not catch any Northern pike in gillnets. Taken together, we found that eDNA can help to inform eradication efforts if used in conjunction with multiple lines of inquiry and sampling is delayed long enough to allow full degradation of DNA in the water.
C1 [Dunker, Kristine J.; Antonovich, Anton] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Sport Fish Div, 333 Raspberry Rd, Anchorage, AK 99518 USA.
[Sepulveda, Adam J.] US Geol Survey, Northen Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Massengill, Robert L.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Sport Fish Div, Soldotna, AK USA.
[Olsen, Jeffrey B.; Russ, Ora L.; Wenburg, John K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Conservat Genet Lab, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Sepulveda, AJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northen Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT USA.
EM asepulveda@usgs.gov
FU Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund; National Habitat Partnership; US Fish
and Wildlife Service
FX Support was provided by Alaska Sustainable Salmon Fund (to KJM, RLM);
National Habitat Partnership (Kenai Peninsula Chapter) to (to KJM, RLM);
and US Fish and Wildlife Service (to JBO, OLR, JKW).
NR 49
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U1 8
U2 8
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 14
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 9
AR e0162277
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0162277
PG 21
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DW5JO
UT WOS:000383680600028
PM 27626271
ER
PT J
AU Guala, GF
AF Guala, Gerald F.
TI The Importance of Species Name Synonyms in Literature Searches
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
AB The synonyms of biological species names are shown to be an importantcomponent in comprehensive searches of electronic scientific literature databases but they are not well leveraged within the major literature databases examined. For accepted or valid species names in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) which have synonyms in the system, and which are found in citations within PLoS, PMC, PubMed or Scopus, both the percentage of species for which citations will not be found if synonyms are not used, and the percentage increase in number of citations found by including synonyms are very often substantial. However, there is no correlation between the number of synonyms per species and the magnitude of the effect. Further, the number of citations found does not generally increase proportionally to the number of synonyms available. Users looking for literature on specific species across all of the resources investigated here are often missing large numbers of citations if they are not manually augmenting their searches with synonyms. Of course, missing citations can have serious consequences by effectively hiding critical information. Literature searches should include synonym relationships and a new web service in ITIS, with examples of how to apply it to this issue, was developed as a result of this study, and is here announced, to aide in this.
C1 [Guala, Gerald F.] US Geol Survey, Core Sci Syst Mission Area, Core Sci Analyt Synth & Lib Program, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
RP Guala, GF (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Core Sci Syst Mission Area, Core Sci Analyt Synth & Lib Program, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
EM ggaula@usgs.gov
OI Guala, Gerald/0000-0002-4972-3782
FU U.S. Geological Survey
FX Support was provided by U.S. Geological Survey base funding.
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U1 1
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 14
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 9
AR e0162648
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0162648
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DW5JO
UT WOS:000383680600050
PM 27627118
ER
PT J
AU Otto, CRV
Roth, CL
Carlson, BL
Smart, MD
AF Otto, Clint R. V.
Roth, Cali L.
Carlson, Benjamin L.
Smart, Matthew D.
TI Land-use change reduces habitat suitability for supporting managed honey
bee colonies in the Northern Great Plains
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE apiary selection models; Apis mellifera; land use; land-cover trends;
pollinators
ID CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; POLLINATORS;
GRASSLANDS; AGRICULTURE; PREFERENCE; CONVERSION; CROPLANDS; SURVIVAL;
TRENDS
AB Human reliance on insect pollination services continues to increase even as pollinator populations exhibit global declines. Increased commodity crop prices and federal subsidies for biofuel crops, such as corn and soybeans, have contributed to rapid land-use change in the US Northern Great Plains (NGP), changes that may jeopardize habitat for honey bees in a part of the country that supports >40% of the US colony stock. We investigated changes in biofuel crop production and grassland land covers surrounding similar to 18,000 registered commercial apiaries in North and South Dakota from 2006 to 2014. We then developed habitat selection models to identify remotely sensed land-cover and land-use features that influence apiary site selection by Dakota beekeepers. Our study demonstrates a continual increase in biofuel crops, totaling 1.2 Mha, around registered apiary locations in North and South Dakota. Such crops were avoided by commercial beekeepers when selecting apiary sites in this region. Furthermore, our analysis reveals how grasslands that beekeepers target when selecting commercial apiary locations are becoming less common in eastern North and South Dakota, changes that may have lasting impact on pollinator conservation efforts. Our study highlights how land-use change in the NGP is altering the landscape in ways that are seemingly less conducive to beekeeping. Our models can be used to guide future conservation efforts highlighted in the US national pollinator health strategy by identifying areas that support high densities of commercial apiaries and that have exhibited significant land-use changes.
C1 [Otto, Clint R. V.; Roth, Cali L.; Carlson, Benjamin L.; Smart, Matthew D.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Otto, CRV (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM cotto@usgs.gov
FU USDA Farm Service Agency; Natural Resources Conservation Service
FX We thank numerous technicians for interpreting aerial photographs and
the North Dakota Department of Agriculture and South Dakota Department
of Agriculture for providing apiary registration records. Comments from
A. Gallant, S. Bansal, and two anonymous reviewers improved the quality
of this manuscript. Funding for this research was provided by the USDA
Farm Service Agency and Natural Resources Conservation Service. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 49
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U1 54
U2 54
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD SEP 13
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 37
BP 10430
EP 10435
DI 10.1073/pnas.1603481113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DV7BW
UT WOS:000383092000059
PM 27573824
ER
PT J
AU Fienen, MN
Bakker, M
AF Fienen, Michael N.
Bakker, Mark
TI HESS Opinions: Repeatable research: what hydrologists can learn from the
Duke cancer research scandal
SO HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE; REPRODUCIBLE RESEARCH
AB In the past decade, difficulties encountered in reproducing the results of a cancer study at Duke University resulted in a scandal and an investigation which concluded that tools used for data management, analysis, and modeling were inappropriate for the documentation of the study, let alone the reproduction of the results. New protocols were developed which require that data analysis and modeling be carried out with scripts that can be used to reproduce the results and are a record of all decisions and interpretations made during an analysis or a modeling effort. In the hydrological sciences, we face similar challenges and need to develop similar standards for transparency and repeatability of results. A promising route is to start making use of open-source languages (such as R and Python) to write scripts and to use collaborative coding environments (such as Git) to share our codes for inspection and use by the hydrological community. An important side-benefit to adopting such protocols is consistency and efficiency among collaborators.
C1 [Fienen, Michael N.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Bakker, Mark] Delft Univ Technol, Fac Civil Engn & Geosci, Water Resources Sect, Delft, Netherlands.
RP Fienen, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM mnfienen@usgs.gov
NR 19
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1027-5606
EI 1607-7938
J9 HYDROL EARTH SYST SC
JI Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.
PD SEP 12
PY 2016
VL 20
IS 9
BP 3739
EP 3743
DI 10.5194/hess-20-3739-2016
PG 5
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA DX2ZX
UT WOS:000384243500001
ER
PT J
AU Lanier, WE
Bailey, LL
Muths, E
AF Lanier, Wendy E.
Bailey, Larissa L.
Muths, Erin
TI Integrating biology, field logistics, and simulations to optimize
parameter estimation for imperiled species
SO ECOLOGICAL MODELLING
LA English
DT Article
DE Multi-state open robust design; Parameter estimation; Temporary
emigration; Anaxyrus boreas boreas; Survey design
ID CAPTURE-RECAPTURE DATA; TEMPORARY EMIGRATION; ROBUST DESIGN; BOREAL
TOADS; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; UNOBSERVABLE STATES; ESTIMATING SURVIVAL;
AMPHIBIAN DECLINE; BUFO-BOREAS; POPULATIONS
AB Conservation of imperiled species often requires knowledge of vital rates and population dynamics. However, these can be difficult to estimate for rare species and small populations. This problem is further exacerbated when individuals are not available for detection during some surveys due to limited access, delaying surveys and creating mismatches between the breeding behavior and survey timing. Here we use simulations to explore the impacts of this issue using four hypothetical boreal toad (Anaxyrus boreas boreas) populations, representing combinations of logistical access (accessible, inaccessible) and breeding behavior (synchronous, asynchronous). We examine the bias and precision of survival and breeding probability estimates generated by survey designs that differ in effort and timing for these populations. Our findings indicate that the logistical access of a site and mismatch between the breeding behavior and survey design can greatly limit the ability to yield accurate and precise estimates of survival and breeding probabilities. Simulations similar to what we have performed can help researchers determine an optimal survey design(s) for their system before initiating sampling efforts. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lanier, Wendy E.; Bailey, Larissa L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1474 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
[Lanier, Wendy E.] Bird Conservancy Rockies, 230 Cherry St,Ste 150, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
RP Lanier, WE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 1474 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Lanier, WE (reprint author), Bird Conservancy Rockies, 230 Cherry St,Ste 150, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM wendy.lanier@birdconservancy.org
RI Bailey, Larissa/A-2565-2009
FU U.S. Geological Survey Park-Oriented Biological Support grant
FX We thank B. Hossack, P.S. Corn, and D.S. Pilliod for the use of their
unpublished data and B. Lambert and S. Schneider for their work with the
inaccessible population; our work would not have been possible without
the data they collected. We also thank M.K. Watry and B. Lambert for
their expert opinions regarding site accessibility and feasibility of
study designs. K.R. Bestgen, W.C. Funk, and W.L. Kendall provided early
reviews of this manuscript. Funding was provided by a U.S. Geological
Survey Park-Oriented Biological Support grant. This is contribution
number 528 of the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-3800
EI 1872-7026
J9 ECOL MODEL
JI Ecol. Model.
PD SEP 10
PY 2016
VL 335
BP 16
EP 23
DI 10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2016.05.006
PG 8
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DQ3MF
UT WOS:000379105700002
ER
PT J
AU Cohn, TA
AF Cohn, Timothy A.
TI The Cure for Catastrophe How We Can Stop Manufacturing Natural Disasters
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Cohn, Timothy A.] US Geol Survey, Off Surface Water, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Cohn, TA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Surface Water, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tacohn@usgs.gov
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 9
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6304
BP 1091
EP 1092
PG 2
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DV0RN
UT WOS:000382626800024
ER
PT J
AU Ip, HS
Lorch, JM
Blehert, DS
AF Ip, Hon S.
Lorch, Jeffrey M.
Blehert, David S.
TI Detection of spring viraemia of carp virus in imported amphibians
reveals an unanticipated foreign animal disease threat
SO EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE host range; pathogen introduction; wildlife trade
ID CYNOPS CAUDATA SALAMANDRIDAE; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; REAL-TIME
PCR; NORTH-AMERICA; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES;
POPULATION DECLINES; COMMON CARP; 1ST REPORT; BIODIVERSITY
AB Global translocation of plants and animals is a well-recognized mechanism for introduction of pathogens into new regions. To mitigate this risk, various tools such as preshipment health certificates, quarantines, screening for specific disease agents and outright bans have been implemented. However, such measures only target known infectious agents and their hosts and may fail to prevent translocation of even well-recognized pathogens if they are carried by novel host species. In a recent example, we screened an imported shipment of Chinese firebelly newts (Cynops orientalis) for Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans, an emergent fungal pathogen of salamanders. All animals tested negative for the fungus. However, a virus was cultured from internal organs from 7 of the 11 individual dead salamanders and from two pools of tissues from four additional dead animals. Sequencing of a portion of the glycoprotein gene from all viral isolates indicated 100% identity and that they were most closely related to spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV). Subsequently, SVCV-specific PCR testing indicated the presence of virus in internal organs from each of the four animals previously pooled, and whole-genome sequencing of one of the viral isolates confirmed genomic arrangement characteristic of SVCV. SVCV is a rhabdovirus pathogen of cyprinid fish that is listed as notifiable to the Office International des Epizooties. This discovery reveals a novel route for potential spillover of this economically important pathogen as rhabdovirus has not previously been documented in amphibians.
C1 [Ip, Hon S.; Lorch, Jeffrey M.; Blehert, David S.] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
RP Ip, HS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Madison, WI 53711 USA.
EM hip@usgs.gov
FU US Geological Survey (USGS)
FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey (USGS). We thank
Janet V Warg and Mary Lea Killian at the US Department of Agriculture's
National Veterinary Services Laboratories (NVSL) for technical support.
We also thank David E Green (USGS) and M Isidoro Ayza (University of
Wisconsin, Madison) for their expert pathological service; Renee Long
(USGS), Elizabeth Bohuski (USGS) and Kerrie Franzen (NVSL) for
laboratory expertise; and Craig Radi (Wisconsin Veterinary Diagnostic
Laboratory) for skilled electron microscopy.
NR 38
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U1 10
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2222-1751
J9 EMERG MICROBES INFEC
JI Emerg. Microbes Infect.
PD SEP 7
PY 2016
VL 5
AR e97
DI 10.1038/emi.2016.94
PG 7
WC Immunology; Microbiology
SC Immunology; Microbiology
GA DW1LG
UT WOS:000383404100005
PM 27599472
ER
PT J
AU Kortner, TM
Penn, MH
Bjorkhem, I
Masoval, K
Krogdahl, A
AF Kortner, Trond M.
Penn, Michael H.
Bjorkhem, Ingemar
Masoval, Kjell
Krogdahl, Ashild
TI Bile components and lecithin supplemented to plant based diets do not
diminish diet related intestinal inflammation in Atlantic salmon
SO BMC VETERINARY RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Gut health; Intestinal inflammation; Fish feed; Plant ingredients;
Cholesterol; Bile
ID TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; DILUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NUCLEAR RECEPTOR
FXR; SOYBEAN-MEAL; RAINBOW-TROUT; SALAR L.; FISH-MEAL; HUMAN PLASMA;
DISTAL INTESTINE; SOYA-SAPONIN
AB Background: The present study was undertaken to gain knowledge on the role of bile components and lecithin on development of aberrations in digestive functions which seemingly have increased in Atlantic salmon in parallel with the increased use of plant ingredients in fish feed. Post smolt Atlantic salmon were fed for 77 days one of three basal diets: a high fish meal diet (HFM), a low fishmeal diet (LFM), or a diet with high protein soybean meal (HPS). Five additional diets were made from the LFM diet by supplementing with: purified taurocholate (1.8 %), bovine bile salt (1.8 %), taurine (0.4 %), lecithin (1.5 %), or a mix of supplements (suppl mix) containing taurocholate (1.8 %), cholesterol (1.5 %) and lecithin (0.4 %). Two additional diets were made from the HPS diet by supplementing with: bovine bile salt (1.8 %) or the suppl mix. Body and intestinal weights were recorded, and blood, bile, intestinal tissues and digesta were sampled for evaluation of growth, nutrient metabolism and intestinal structure and function.
Results: In comparison with fish fed the HFM diet fish fed the LFM and HPS diets grew less and showed reduced plasma bile salt and cholesterol levels. Histological examination of the distal intestine showed signs of enteritis in both LFM and HPS diet groups, though more pronounced in the HPS diet group. The HPS diet reduced digesta dry matter and capacity of leucine amino peptidase in the distal intestine. None of the dietary supplements improved endpoints regarding fish performance, gut function or inflammation in the distal intestine. Some endpoints rather indicated negative effects.
Conclusions: Dietary supplementation with bile components or lecithin in general did not improve endpoints regarding performance or gut health in Atlantic salmon, in clear contrast to what has been previously reported for rainbow trout. Follow-up studies are needed to clarify if lower levels of bile salts and cholesterol may give different and beneficial effects, or if other supplements, and other combinations of supplements might prevent or ameliorate inflammation in the distal intestine.
C1 [Kortner, Trond M.; Penn, Michael H.; Krogdahl, Ashild] Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med & Biosci, Dept Basic Sci & Aquat Med, Oslo, Norway.
[Bjorkhem, Ingemar] Karolinska Univ Hosp, Div Clin Chem, Dept Lab Med, Huddinge, Sweden.
[Masoval, Kjell] Biomar AS, Nordre Gate 11, N-7011 Trondheim, Norway.
[Penn, Michael H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lamar, PA 16848 USA.
RP Kortner, TM (reprint author), Norwegian Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med & Biosci, Dept Basic Sci & Aquat Med, Oslo, Norway.
EM trond.kortner@nmbu.no
FU BioMar AS
FX The present paper publishes results of contract research mainly funded
by BioMar AS.
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 16
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1746-6148
J9 BMC VET RES
JI BMC Vet. Res.
PD SEP 7
PY 2016
VL 12
AR 190
DI 10.1186/s12917-016-0819-0
PG 12
WC Veterinary Sciences
SC Veterinary Sciences
GA DV2KF
UT WOS:000382748600001
PM 27604133
ER
PT J
AU Kurle, CM
Bakker, VJ
Copeland, H
Burnett, J
Scherbinski, JJ
Brandt, J
Finkelstein, ME
AF Kurle, Carolyn M.
Bakker, Victoria J.
Copeland, Holly
Burnett, Joe
Scherbinski, Jennie Jones
Brandt, Joseph
Finkelstein, Myra E.
TI Terrestrial Scavenging of Marine Mammals: Cross-Ecosystem Contaminant
Transfer and Potential Risks to Endangered California Condors (Gymnogyps
californianus)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; SEA LIONS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DDE; CARBON; BLOOD; NITROGEN; MERCURY; PCBS
AB The critically endangered California condor (Gymnogyps californianus) has relied intermittently on dead-stranded marine mammals since the Pleistocene, and this food source is considered important for their current recovery. However, contemporary marine mammals contain persistent organic pollutants that could threaten condor health. We used stable carbon and nitrogen isotope, contaminant, and behavioral data in coastal versus noncoastal condors to quantify contaminant transfer from marine mammals and created simulation models to predict the risk of reproductive impairment for condors from exposure to DDE (p,p'-DDE), a major metabolite of the chlorinated pesticide DDT. Coastal condors had higher whole blood isotope values and mean concentrations of contaminants associated with marine mammals, including mercury (whole blood), sum chlorinated pesticides (comprised of similar to 95% DDE) (plasma), sum polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) (plasma), and sum polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) (plasma), 12-100-fold greater than those of noncoastal condors. The mean plasma DDE concentration for coastal condors was 500 +/- 670 (standard deviation) (n = 22) versus 24 +/- 24 (standard deviation) (n = 8) ng/g of wet weight for noncoastal condors, and simulations predicted similar to 40% of breeding-age coastal condors have DDE levels associated with eggshell thinning in other avian species. Our analyses demonstrate potentially harmful levels of marine contaminant transfer to California condors, which could hinder the recovery of this terrestrial species.
C1 [Kurle, Carolyn M.] Univ Calif San Diego, Div Biol Sci, Ecol Behav & Evolut Sect, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Bakker, Victoria J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Ecol, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Copeland, Holly] Nature Conservancy, 258 Main St, Lander, WY 82520 USA.
[Burnett, Joe] Ventana Wildlife Soc, 19045 Portola Dr,Suite F-1, Salinas, CA 93908 USA.
[Scherbinski, Jennie Jones] Natl Pk Serv, Pinnacles Natl Pk, 5000 Highway 146, Paicines, CA 95043 USA.
[Brandt, Joseph] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 2493 Portola Rd,Suite B, Ventura, CA 93003 USA.
[Finkelstein, Myra E.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Microbiol & Environm Toxicol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Finkelstein, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Microbiol & Environm Toxicol, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
EM myraf@ucsc.edu
FU Montrose Settlements Restoration Program; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Support was provided by the Montrose Settlements Restoration Program and
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Hopper Mountain National Wildlife
Refuge Complex, Pinnacles National Park, and Ventana Wildlife Society
provided condor samples. Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Stranding
Network and Yurok Tribe provided marine mammal samples. The NOAA/NMFS
Protected Resources Division provided marine mammal stranding data.
Thanks to D. Doak, S. Rodriguez-Pastor, D. Smith, C. Tubbs, D. Witting,
R. Wolstenholme, and the Montrose Trustee Council for helpful comments,
D. Garcelon and the Institute of Wildlife Studies for the use of their
bald eagle data, and D. Crane and M. Curry. J. Hass helped with study
concept and design. G. Bentall provided the scientific illustrations for
Figure 1.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 19
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 6
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 17
BP 9114
EP 9123
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b01990
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DV3FG
UT WOS:000382805800023
PM 27434394
ER
PT J
AU Strickland, BA
Vilella, FJ
Belant, JL
AF Strickland, Bradley A.
Vilella, Francisco J.
Belant, Jerrold L.
TI Scale-Dependent Habitat Selection and Size-Based Dominance in Adult Male
American Alligators
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID IDEAL DESPOTIC DISTRIBUTION; HOME-RANGE; RESOURCE SELECTION; BODY-SIZE;
POPULATION; MISSISSIPPIENSIS; MOVEMENTS; RIVER; TERRITORIALITY;
CROCODILES
AB Habitat selection is an active behavioral process that may vary across spatial and temporal scales. Animals choose an area of primary utilization (i.e., home range) then make decisions focused on resource needs within patches. Dominance may affect the spatial distribution of conspecifics and concomitant habitat selection. Size-dependent social dominance hierarchies have been documented in captive alligators, but evidence is lacking from wild populations. We studied habitat selection for adult male American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis; n = 17) on the Pearl River in central Mississippi, USA, to test whether habitat selection was scale-dependent and individual resource selectivity was a function of conspecific body size. We used K-select analysis to quantify selection at the home range scale and patches within the home range to determine selection congruency and important habitat variables. In addition, we used linear models to determine if body size was related to selection patterns and strengths. Our results indicated habitat selection of adult male alligators was a scale-dependent process. Alligators demonstrated greater overall selection for habitat variables at the patch level and less at the home range level, suggesting resources may not be limited when selecting a home range for animals in our study area. Further, diurnal habitat selection patterns may depend on thermoregulatory needs. There was no relationship between resource selection or home range size and body size, suggesting size-dependent dominance hierarchies may not have influenced alligator resource selection or space use in our sample. Though apparent habitat suitability and low alligator density did not manifest in an observed dominance hierarchy, we hypothesize that a change in either could increase intraspecific interactions, facilitating a dominance hierarchy. Due to the broad and diverse ecological roles of alligators, understanding the factors that influence their social dominance and space use can provide great insight into their functional role in the ecosystem.
C1 [Strickland, Bradley A.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Vilella, Francisco J.] Mississippi State Univ, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Belant, Jerrold L.] Mississippi State Univ, Carnivore Ecol Lab, Forest & Wildlife Res Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Strickland, Bradley A.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
RP Strickland, BA (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.; Strickland, BA (reprint author), Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Marine Sci Program, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
EM bstri007@fiu.edu
OI Strickland, Bradley/0000-0001-6443-7672
FU Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks
[14-16-0009-1543]; Berryman Institute [10-7400-0471-CA]; Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee of Mississippi State University [12-016]
FX Funding by Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks
(award number 14-16-0009-1543) and Berryman Institute (award number
10-7400-0471-CA) was instrumental in data collection.; Funding was
provided by Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries and Parks
(award number 14-16-0009-1543) and Berryman Institute (award number
10-7400-0471-CA). We are grateful to R. Flynt, C. Hunt, and S. Edwards
of MDWFP for project support and coordination. We thank B. Leopold and
R. Iglay for comments to an earlier version of this manuscript and
suggestions for analysis. We also appreciate the thoughtful comments of
anonymous reviewers to improve the manuscript. A. Smith and S. Godfrey
provided valuable assistance in the field. Thanks to C. Kochanny and A.
Rosenblatt for radio design and attachment. Animal capture and handling
procedures were conducted under the auspices of protocol 12-016 from the
Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Mississippi State
University. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 67
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 20
U2 20
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD SEP 2
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 9
AR e0161814
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0161814
PG 16
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DV4EJ
UT WOS:000382877800019
PM 27588947
ER
PT J
AU Madenjian, CP
Rediske, RR
Krabbenhoft, DP
Stapanian, MA
Chernyak, SM
O'Keefe, JP
AF Madenjian, Charles P.
Rediske, Richard R.
Krabbenhoft, David P.
Stapanian, Martin A.
Chernyak, Sergei M.
O'Keefe, James P.
TI Sex differences in contaminant concentrations of fish: a synthesis
SO BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE Androgens; Bioenergetics models; Gonadosomatic index; Gross growth
efficiency; Hg-elimination rates; Laboratory mice; Teleost fishes;
Testosterone; Vertebrates
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-NAMAYCUSH; BURBOT LOTA-LOTA; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL
CONCENTRATIONS; WHITEFISH COREGONUS-CLUPEAFORMIS; TROPHIC TRANSFER
EFFICIENCY; LAMPREY PETROMYZON-MARINUS; FLOUNDER PARALICHTHYS-DENTATUS;
LEMUR MICROCEBUS-MURINUS; MASS-BALANCE MODELS; ESOX-LUCIUS L
AB A comparison of whole-fish polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and total mercury (Hg) concentrations in mature males with those in mature females may provide insights into sex differences in behavior, metabolism, and other physiological processes. In eight species of fish, we observed that males exceeded females in whole-fish PCB concentration by 17 to 43 %. Based on results from hypothesis testing, we concluded that these sex differences were most likely primarily driven by a higher rate of energy expenditure, stemming from higher resting metabolic rate (or standard metabolic rate (SMR)) and higher swimming activity, in males compared with females. A higher rate of energy expenditure led to a higher rate of food consumption, which, in turn, resulted in a higher rate of PCB accumulation. For two fish species, the growth dilution effect also made a substantial contribution to the sex difference in PCB concentrations, although the higher energy expenditure rate for males was still the primary driver. Hg concentration data were available for five of the eight species. For four of these five species, the ratio of PCB concentration in males to PCB concentration in females was substantially greater than the ratio of Hg concentration in males to Hg concentration in females. In sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus), a very primitive fish, the two ratios were nearly identical. The most plausible explanation for this pattern was that certain androgens, such as testosterone and 11-ketotestosterone, enhanced Hg-elimination rate in males. In contrast, long-term elimination of PCBs is negligible for both sexes. According to this explanation, males not only ingest Hg at a higher rate than females but also eliminate Hg at a higher rate than females, in fish species other than sea lamprey. Male sea lamprey do not possess either of the above-specified androgens. These apparent sex differences in SMRs, activities, and Hg-elimination rates in teleost fishes may also apply, to some degree, to higher vertebrates including humans. Our synthesis findings will be useful in (1) developing sex-specific bioenergetics models for fish, (2) developing sex-specific risk assessment models for exposure of humans and wildlife to contaminants, and (3) refining Hg mass balance models for fish and higher vertebrates.
C1 [Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Rediske, Richard R.] Grand Valley State Univ, Annis Water Resources Inst, 740 West Shoreline Dr, Muskegon, MI 49441 USA.
[Krabbenhoft, David P.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Chernyak, Sergei M.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, 1420 Washington Hts, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[O'Keefe, James P.] Michigan Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bur Labs, 3350 North Martin Luther King Jr Blvd, Lansing, MI 48906 USA.
RP Madenjian, CP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
EM cmadenjian@usgs.gov
NR 98
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 14
U2 14
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 2042-6410
J9 BIOL SEX DIFFER
JI Biol. Sex Differ.
PD SEP 2
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 42
DI 10.1186/s13293-016-0090-x
PG 16
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity
GA DU6WW
UT WOS:000382356300001
PM 27594982
ER
PT J
AU Buczkowski, DL
Schmidt, BE
Williams, DA
Mest, SC
Scully, JEC
Ermakov, AI
Preusker, F
Schenk, P
Otto, KA
Hiesinger, H
O'Brien, D
Marchi, S
Sizemore, H
Hughson, K
Chilton, H
Bland, M
Byrne, S
Schorghofer, N
Platz, T
Jaumann, R
Roatsch, T
Sykes, MV
Nathues, A
De Sanctis, MC
Raymond, CA
Russell, CT
AF Buczkowski, D. L.
Schmidt, B. E.
Williams, D. A.
Mest, S. C.
Scully, J. E. C.
Ermakov, A. I.
Preusker, F.
Schenk, P.
Otto, K. A.
Hiesinger, H.
O'Brien, D.
Marchi, S.
Sizemore, H.
Hughson, K.
Chilton, H.
Bland, M.
Byrne, S.
Schorghofer, N.
Platz, T.
Jaumann, R.
Roatsch, T.
Sykes, M. V.
Nathues, A.
De Sanctis, M. C.
Raymond, C. A.
Russell, C. T.
TI The geomorphology of Ceres
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID FLOOR-FRACTURED CRATERS; POLYGONAL IMPACT CRATERS; SALT TECTONICS; ROCK
GLACIERS; CENTRAL PIT; MARS; GANYMEDE; GEOLOGY; ORIGIN; SHAPE
AB Analysis of Dawn spacecraft Framing Camera image data allows evaluation of the topography and geomorphology of features on the surface of Ceres. The dwarf planet is dominated by numerous craters, but other features are also common. Linear structures include both those associated with impact craters and those that do not appear to have any correlation to an impact event. Abundant lobate flows are identified, and numerous domical features are found at a range of scales. Features suggestive of near-surface ice, cryomagmatism, and cryovolcanism have been identified. Although spectroscopic analysis has currently detected surface water ice at only one location on Ceres, the identification of these potentially ice-related features suggests that there may be at least some ice in localized regions in the crust.
C1 [Buczkowski, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Schmidt, B. E.; Chilton, H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Williams, D. A.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Mest, S. C.; O'Brien, D.; Sizemore, H.; Sykes, M. V.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Scully, J. E. C.; Raymond, C. A.] NASA, Jet Prop Lab, La Canada Flintridge, CA 91011 USA.
[Ermakov, A. I.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Preusker, F.; Otto, K. A.; Jaumann, R.; Roatsch, T.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, D-12489 Berlin, Germany.
[Schenk, P.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3303 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Hiesinger, H.] Univ Munster, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
[Marchi, S.] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Hughson, K.; Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Bland, M.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Byrne, S.] Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Schorghofer, N.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Platz, T.; Nathues, A.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, D-37077 Gottingen, Germany.
[De Sanctis, M. C.] Ist Astrofis & Planetol Spaziale INAF, I-00133 Rome, Italy.
RP Buczkowski, DL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
EM debra.buczkowski@jhuapl.edu
RI Platz, Thomas/F-7539-2013;
OI Platz, Thomas/0000-0002-1253-2034; Chilton, Heather/0000-0002-3238-5895;
Ermakov, Anton/0000-0002-7020-7061
FU NASA
FX We thank the Dawn Operations team, the Flight team, and the Instrument
teams for all their work. M.B. and N.S. thank NASA's Dawn at Ceres Guest
Investigator Program for support. Dawn data are archived with the NASA
Planetary Data System.
(http://pds-smallbodies.astro.umd.edu/data_sb/missions/dawn/index.shtml)
. D.L.B. wrote the manuscript and coordinated coauthor contributions;
performed the analysis of linear structures, Occator structures, and
FFCs; and participated in the geologic mapping. B.E.S. led the Ground
Ice Working group and the analysis of lobate flows. D.A.W., S.C.M., and
J.E.C.S. participated in the Survey global geologic map. A.I.E.
evaluated the Ceres hypsogram, and F.P. worked on the Ceres topography.
P.S., K.A.O., H.H., D.O., S.M., and T.P. all contributed to the
evaluation of Ceres craters. P.S. led the study of Occator's central
dome and its similarity to central domes on other icy bodies. H.S.
mapped the global extent of domes, and K.H. mapped the global extent of
lobate flows. H.C., S.B., M.B., H.S., and T.P. participated in the
evaluation of potential ice-cored features. R.J., T.R., M.V.S., A.N.,
M.C.D.S., and C.A.R. provided useful comments and suggestions during
manuscript preparation. C.T.R. is the mission principal investigator and
guided the research.
NR 48
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 23
U2 23
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 2
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6303
AR aaf4332
DI 10.1126/science.aaf4332
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DU9SU
UT WOS:000382558900029
ER
PT J
AU Hiesinger, H
Marchi, S
Schmedemann, N
Schenk, P
Pasckert, JH
Neesemann, A
O'Brien, DP
Kneissl, T
Ermakov, AI
Fu, RR
Bland, MT
Nathues, A
Platz, T
Williams, DA
Jaumann, R
Castillo-Rogez, JC
Ruesch, O
Schmidt, B
Park, RS
Preusker, F
Buczkowski, DL
Russell, CT
Raymond, CA
AF Hiesinger, H.
Marchi, S.
Schmedemann, N.
Schenk, P.
Pasckert, J. H.
Neesemann, A.
O'Brien, D. P.
Kneissl, T.
Ermakov, A. I.
Fu, R. R.
Bland, M. T.
Nathues, A.
Platz, T.
Williams, D. A.
Jaumann, R.
Castillo-Rogez, J. C.
Ruesch, O.
Schmidt, B.
Park, R. S.
Preusker, F.
Buczkowski, D. L.
Russell, C. T.
Raymond, C. A.
TI Cratering on Ceres: Implications for its crust and evolution
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ASTEROID BELT; SOLAR-SYSTEM; PRIMORDIAL EXCITATION; COLLISIONAL HISTORY;
SURFACE-COMPOSITION; 4 VESTA; IMPACT; MORPHOLOGY; DIFFERENTIATION;
RELAXATION
AB Thermochemical models have predicted that Ceres, is to some extent, differentiated and should have an icy crust with few or no impact craters. We present observations by the Dawn spacecraft that reveal a heavily cratered surface, a heterogeneous crater distribution, and an apparent absence of large craters. The morphology of some impact craters is consistent with ice in the subsurface, which might have favored relaxation, yet large unrelaxed craters are also present. Numerous craters exhibit polygonal shapes, terraces, flowlike features, slumping, smooth deposits, and bright spots. Crater morphology and simple-to-complex crater transition diameters indicate that the crust of Ceres is neither purely icy nor rocky. By dating a smooth region associated with the Kerwan crater, we determined absolute model ages (AMAs) of 550 million and 720 million years, depending on the applied chronology model.
C1 [Hiesinger, H.; Pasckert, J. H.] Univ Munster, Inst Planetol, Munster, Germany.
[Marchi, S.] Southwest Res Inst, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Schmedemann, N.; Neesemann, A.; Kneissl, T.; Jaumann, R.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geol Sci, Berlin, Germany.
[Schenk, P.] Lunar & Planetary Inst, 3303 NASA Rd 1, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[O'Brien, D. P.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Ermakov, A. I.; Fu, R. R.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Bland, M. T.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Nathues, A.; Platz, T.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Gottingen, Germany.
[Williams, D. A.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
[Jaumann, R.; Preusker, F.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Berlin, Germany.
[Castillo-Rogez, J. C.; Park, R. S.; Raymond, C. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[Ruesch, O.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Schmidt, B.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Buczkowski, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20723 USA.
[Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Hiesinger, H (reprint author), Univ Munster, Inst Planetol, Munster, Germany.
EM hiesinger@uni-muenster.de
RI Platz, Thomas/F-7539-2013;
OI Platz, Thomas/0000-0002-1253-2034; Ermakov, Anton/0000-0002-7020-7061
FU NASA; DLR Space Administration on behalf of the German Federal Ministry
for Economic Affairs and Energy [50 OW 1502]; [NNM05AA86C]
FX We thank the Dawn team for the development, cruise, orbital insertion,
and operations of the Dawn spacecraft at Ceres. C.T.R. is supported by
the Discovery Program through contract NNM05AA86C to the University of
California, Los Angeles. A portion of this work was performed at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under
contract with NASA. J.H.P. and H.H. are supported by the DLR Space
Administration on behalf of the German Federal Ministry for Economic
Affairs and Energy, grant 50 OW 1502 (DAWN). M.T.B. was supported by
NASA's Dawn at Ceres Guest Investigator Program. Dawn data are archived
with the NASA Planetary Data System. FC data may be obtained at
http://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/dwncfc2.html. VIR spectral data may be
obtained at http://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/dwncvir.html. GRaND data may
be obtained at http://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/dwncgrd.html. The Ceres
crater catalog described in the text and measurements of the transition
diameter from simple to complex craters are available in the
supplementary materials. As chair of the Dawn chronology working group,
H.H. coordinated the contributions and prepared the manuscript. S.M.
provided input on the distribution of craters and the PFs and CFs. N.S.,
A.Ne., T.K., and D.P.O. also provided input for the PFs and CFs. P.S.
and T.P. made contributions to the simple-to-complex transition. J.H.P.
performed CSFD measurements and helped with preparing the manuscript.
A.Na. provided the description of color properties. A.I.E., R.R.F.,
R.S.P., F.P., J.C.C.-R., M.T.B., and C.A.R. contributed their expertise
in geophysical modeling. D.A.W., R.J., B.S., D.L.B., and O.R. helped
with manuscript preparation and provided useful comments and
suggestions. C.T.R. is the Dawn principal investigator and guided the
research.
NR 69
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Z9 8
U1 18
U2 19
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 2
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6303
AR aaf4759
DI 10.1126/science.aaf4759
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DU9SU
UT WOS:000382558900028
ER
PT J
AU Ruesch, O
Platz, T
Schenk, P
McFadden, LA
Castillo-Rogez, JC
Quick, LC
Byrne, S
Preusker, F
O'Brien, DP
Schmedemann, N
Williams, DA
Li, JY
Bland, MT
Hiesinger, H
Kneissl, T
Neesemann, A
Schaefer, M
Pasckert, JH
Schmidt, BE
Buczkowski, DL
Sykes, MV
Nathues, A
Roatsch, T
Hoffmann, M
Raymond, CA
Russell, CT
AF Ruesch, O.
Platz, T.
Schenk, P.
McFadden, L. A.
Castillo-Rogez, J. C.
Quick, L. C.
Byrne, S.
Preusker, F.
O'Brien, D. P.
Schmedemann, N.
Williams, D. A.
Li, J. -Y.
Bland, M. T.
Hiesinger, H.
Kneissl, T.
Neesemann, A.
Schaefer, M.
Pasckert, J. H.
Schmidt, B. E.
Buczkowski, D. L.
Sykes, M. V.
Nathues, A.
Roatsch, T.
Hoffmann, M.
Raymond, C. A.
Russell, C. T.
TI Cryovolcanism on Ceres
SO SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID ICY SATELLITES; MARS-EXPRESS; DOME GROWTH; VOLCANISM; MODELS; SYSTEM;
VISCOSITY; SURFACES; ORIGIN; LAVAS
AB Volcanic edifices are abundant on rocky bodies of the inner solar system. In the cold outer solar system, volcanism can occur on solid bodies with a water-ice shell, but derived cryovolcanic constructs have proved elusive. We report the discovery, using Dawn Framing Camera images, of a landform on dwarf planet Ceres that we argue represents a viscous cryovolcanic dome. Parent material of the cryomagma is a mixture of secondary minerals, including salts and water ice. Absolute model ages from impact craters reveal that extrusion of the dome has occurred recently. Ceres' evolution must have been able to sustain recent interior activity and associated surface expressions. We propose salts with low eutectic temperatures and thermal conductivities as key drivers for Ceres' long-term internal evolution.
C1 [Ruesch, O.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, USRA, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Platz, T.; Schaefer, M.; Nathues, A.; Hoffmann, M.] Max Planck Inst Solar Syst Res, Gottingen, Germany.
[Schenk, P.] Lunar & Planetary Sci Inst, Houston, TX USA.
[McFadden, L. A.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA.
[Castillo-Rogez, J. C.; Raymond, C. A.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
[Quick, L. C.; O'Brien, D. P.; Li, J. -Y.; Sykes, M. V.] Planetary Sci Inst, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Byrne, S.] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Preusker, F.; Roatsch, T.] German Aerosp Ctr DLR, Berlin, Germany.
[Schmedemann, N.; Kneissl, T.; Neesemann, A.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geosci, Berlin, Germany.
[Williams, D. A.] Arizona State Univ, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ USA.
[Bland, M. T.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hiesinger, H.; Pasckert, J. H.] Univ Munster, Inst Planetol, Munster, Germany.
[Schmidt, B. E.] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Buczkowski, D. L.] Johns Hopkins Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD USA.
[Russell, C. T.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
RP Ruesch, O (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, USRA, Greenbelt, MD USA.
EM ottaviano.ruesch@nasa.gov
RI Platz, Thomas/F-7539-2013
OI Platz, Thomas/0000-0002-1253-2034
FU Max Planck Society; DLR; NASA/Jet Propulsion Laboratory; NASA; NASA
[NNH15AZ85I]
FX The Framing Camera system on the spacecraft was developed and built
under the leadership of the Max Planck Institute for Solar System
Research in Gottingen, Germany, in collaboration with the DLR Institute
of Planetary Research in Berlin and the Institute of Computer and
Communication Network Engineering in Braunschweig. The Framing Camera
project is funded by the Max Planck Society, DLR, and NASA/Jet
Propulsion Laboratory. The Dawn spacecraft Operations and Flight teams
made the observations possible and are acknowledged for their efforts.
O.R. is supported by an appointment to the NASA Postdoctoral Program at
the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center administered by Universities Space
Research Association through a contract with NASA. N.S., A.Ne., and
J.H.P. acknowledge partial support by DLR. M.T.B. acknowledges support
by the NASA Dawn at Ceres Guest Investigator Program Award NNH15AZ85I.
We acknowledge the careful and highly beneficial reviews by anonymous
referees. Dawn Framing Camera data are archived with the NASA Planetary
Data System at http://sbn.psi.edu/pds/resource/dwncfc2.html. O.R.
conceived the study, performed the geologic and modeling analyses, and
wrote the manuscript. T.P., L.C.Q., D.P.O., S.B., and M.T.B. contributed
to the geologic or modeling analyses. J.-Y.L., M.S., A.Na., T.R., M.H.,
and T.P. contributed with FC data products, and P.S. and F.P.
contributed with digital terrain models. N.S., D.P.O., H.H., T.K.,
A.Ne., and J.H.P. provided absolute model ages. L.A.M., J.C.C.-R.,
D.A.W., B.E.S., D.L.B., and M.V.S. contributed to the interpretation of
the data and its clear communication. C.A.R. and C.T.R. lead the Dawn
mission. All authors contributed to the discussion of the results.
NR 52
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U1 11
U2 11
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 0036-8075
EI 1095-9203
J9 SCIENCE
JI Science
PD SEP 2
PY 2016
VL 353
IS 6303
AR aaf4286
DI 10.1126/science.aaf4286
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DU9SU
UT WOS:000382558900030
ER
PT J
AU Phelps, G
AF Phelps, Geoff
TI Forward modeling of gravity data using geostatistically generated
subsurface density variations
SO GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
AB Using geostatistical models of density variations in the subsurface, constrained by geologic data, forward models of gravity anomalies can be generated by discretizing the subsurface and calculating the cumulative effect of each cell (pixel). The results of such stochastically generated forward gravity anomalies can be compared with the observed gravity anomalies to find density models that match the observed data. These models have an advantage over forward gravity anomalies generated using polygonal bodies of homogeneous density because generating numerous realizations explores a larger region of the solution space. The stochastic modeling can be thought of as dividing the forward model into two components: that due to the shape of each geologic unit and that due to the heterogeneous distribution of density within each geologic unit. The modeling demonstrates that the internally heterogeneous distribution of density within each geologic unit can contribute significantly to the resulting calculated forward gravity anomaly. Furthermore, the stochastic models match observed statistical properties of geologic units, the solution space is more broadly explored by producing a suite of successful models, and the likelihood of a particular conceptual geologic model can be compared. The Vaca Fault near Travis Air Force Base, California, can be successfully modeled as a normal or strike-slip fault, with the normal fault model being slightly more probable. It can also be modeled as a reverse fault, although this structural geologic configuration is highly unlikely given the realizations we explored.
C1 [Phelps, Geoff] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Phelps, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM gphelps@usgs.gov
FU USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program
FX This work was funded by the USGS National Cooperative Geologic Mapping
Program. It would not have been possible without Dr. J. Caers and the
Stanford Center for Reservoir Forecasting for numerous discussions,
help, and insight into geostatistics and stochastic modeling. The
manuscript was also significantly improved by the thoughtful comments of
Dr. J. Barraud and two anonymous reviewers.
NR 31
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 0016-8033
EI 1942-2156
J9 GEOPHYSICS
JI Geophysics
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 81
IS 5
BP G81
EP G94
DI 10.1190/GEO2015-0663.1
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EI8JJ
UT WOS:000392752200037
ER
PT J
AU Kujawa, ER
Goring, S
Dawson, A
Calcote, R
Grimm, EC
Hotchkiss, SC
Jackson, ST
Lynch, EA
McLachlan, J
St-Jacques, JM
Umbanhowar, C
Williams, JW
AF Kujawa, Ellen Ruth
Goring, Simon
Dawson, Andria
Calcote, Randy
Grimm, Eric C.
Hotchkiss, Sara C.
Jackson, Stephen T.
Lynch, Elizabeth A.
McLachlan, Jason
St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie
Umbanhowar, Charles, Jr.
Williams, John W.
TI The effects of anthropogenic land cover change on pollen-vegetation
relationships in the American Midwest
SO ANTHROPOCENE
LA English
DT Article
DE Palynology; Modern pollen; Anthropocene; Paleoecology; Land use change;
Historical ecology
ID PRE-EUROPEAN SETTLEMENT; FOREST-COMPOSITION; SOURCE AREA; QUANTITATIVE
RECONSTRUCTION; PALYNOLOGICAL RICHNESS; REGIONAL VEGETATION; CENTRAL
MINNESOTA; DRIFTLESS AREA; UPPER MICHIGAN; NORTH-AMERICA
AB Fossil pollen assemblages provide information about vegetation dynamics at time scales ranging from centuries to millennia. Pollen-vegetation models and process-based models of dispersal typically assume stable relationships between source vegetation and corresponding pollen in surface sediments, as well as stable parameterizations of dispersal and productivity. These assumptions, however, are largely unevaluated. This paper reports a test of the stability of pollen-vegetation relationships using vegetation and pollen data from the Midwestern region of the United States, during a period of large changes in land use and vegetation driven by Euro-American settlement. We compared a dataset of pollen records for the early settlement-era with three other datasets of pollen and forest composition for two time periods: before Euro-American settlement, and the late 20th century. Results from generalized linear models for thirteen genera indicate that pollen-vegetation relationships significantly differ (p < 0.05) between pre-settlement and the modern era for several genera: Fagus, Betula, Tsuga, Quercus, Pinus, and Picea. The estimated pollen source radius for the 8 km gridded vegetation data and associated pollen data is 25-85 km, consistent with prior studies using similar methods and spatial resolutions.
Hence, the rapid changes in land cover associated with the Anthropocene affect the accuracy of ecological predictions for both the future and the past. In the Anthropocene, paleoecology should move beyond the assumption that pollen-vegetation relationships are stable over time. Multi-temporal calibration datasets are increasingly possible and enable paleoecologists to better understand the complex processes governing pollen-vegetation relationships through space and time. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kujawa, Ellen Ruth] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Nelson Inst Environm Studies, Madison, WI USA.
[Goring, Simon; Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Dept Geog, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Dawson, Andria] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Dawson, Andria; Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Calcote, Randy] Univ Minnesota, Limnol Res Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Grimm, Eric C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Hotchkiss, Sara C.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Bot, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
[Lynch, Elizabeth A.] Luther Coll, Dept Biol, Decorah, IA USA.
[McLachlan, Jason] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA.
[St-Jacques, Jeannine-Marie] Univ Regina, Prairie Adaptat Res Collaborat, Regina, SK, Canada.
[Umbanhowar, Charles, Jr.] St Olaf Coll, Dept Biol & Environm Studies, Northfield, MN USA.
[Williams, John W.] Univ Wisconsin Madison, Ctr Climat Res, Madison, WI USA.
RP Kujawa, ER (reprint author), 550 N Pk St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM ellen.kujawa@gmail.com
OI Grimm, Eric/0000-0002-6977-3859; Kujawa, Ellen/0000-0002-9878-8865
FU National Science Foundation [EF-1241868]
FX We thank data contributors of unpublished and recently published data,
including: Edward Cushing, Jock McAndrews, Robert Booth, and
contributors to the Neotoma Paleoecology Database (www.neotomadb.org).
We thank Sissel Schroeder, Robert Booth, Kendra McLauchlan and two
anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript.
This paper is a contribution to the PalEON Project and is supported by
the National Science Foundation (EF-1241868). Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 99
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 2213-3054
J9 ANTHROPOCENE
JI Anthropocene
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 15
BP 60
EP 71
DI 10.1016/j.ancene.2016.09.005
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG2PN
UT WOS:000390886000007
ER
PT J
AU Robinson, SG
Haukos, DA
Sullins, DS
Plumb, RT
AF Robinson, Samantha G.
Haukos, David A.
Sullins, Daniel S.
Plumb, Reid T.
TI USE OF FREE WATER BY NESTING LESSER PRAIRIE-CHICKENS
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID WHITE-WINGED DOVES; ANIMAL MIGRATION; ISOTOPE ANALYSIS; GREAT-PLAINS;
POPULATIONS; REPRODUCTION; EGGSHELL; HYDROGEN; HABITAT; SIZE
AB The lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus) is a grassland grouse of semiarid regions. Use of free water has been hypothesized as necessary for egg formation during drought. We assessed the use of hydrogen isotopes (deuterium, delta H-2) to determine if female lesser prairie-chickens use and incorporate free water during egg formation by testing the relationship between isotope ratios in available free water and eggshells. We collected eggshells from 124 nests and 282 free water samples from three sites in Kansas in 2013 and 2014. Eggshells had delta H-2 values similar to free water in the year of severe drought but were dissimilar the year with lessened drought severity. With an established link between lesser prairie-chicken eggshells and free water during severe drought, we have identified a mechanism behind observations of lesser prairie-chicken water use. We have demonstrated that hydrogen isotopes can be used to test research questions related to use of free water.
C1 [Robinson, Samantha G.; Sullins, Daniel S.; Plumb, Reid T.] Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
RP Robinson, SG (reprint author), Kansas State Univ, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66502 USA.
EM samgr@vt.edu
FU Kansas Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism [KS W-73-R-3]; United States
Department of Agriculture Farm Services Conservation Reserve Program
Monitoring, Assessment, and Evaluation (12-IA-MRE CRP TA) [KSCFWRU RWO
62]; United States Department of Agriculture Natural Resources
Conservation Service, Lesser Prairie-Chicken Initiative
FX We thank J. Kraft, J. M Lautenbach, and J. D. Lautenbach for assisting
with data collection. We thank J. Kramer, M. Mitchener, D. Dahlgren, J.
Prendergast, G. Kramos, A. Flanders, M. Bain, and S. Hyberg for their
assistance with the project. We also thank S. Ogden, C. Boal, B.
Grisham, and M. Patten for reviewing earlier versions of this
manuscript. Funding for the project was provided by Kansas Wildlife,
Parks, and Tourism (Federal Assistance Grant KS W-73-R-3); the United
States Department of Agriculture Farm Services Conservation Reserve
Program Monitoring, Assessment, and Evaluation (12-IA-MRE CRP TA#7,
KSCFWRU RWO 62); and the United States Department of Agriculture Natural
Resources Conservation Service, Lesser Prairie-Chicken Initiative. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 3
BP 187
EP 193
PG 7
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EF9WV
UT WOS:000390682800001
ER
PT J
AU Zavaleta, JC
Haukos, DA
Grisham, B
Boal, C
Dixon, C
AF Zavaleta, Jennifer C.
Haukos, David A.
Grisham, Blake
Boal, Clint
Dixon, Charles
TI RESTORING SAND SHINNERY OAK PRAIRIES WITH HERBICIDE AND GRAZING IN NEW
MEXICO
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID PRESCRIBED FIRE; TEBUTHIURON; COMMUNITIES; VEGETATION; BIOMASS; HABITAT;
RATES
AB Sand shinnery oak (Quercus havardii) prairies are increasingly disappearing and increasingly degraded in the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico. Restoring and managing sand shinnery oak prairie can support biodiversity, specific species of conservation concern, and livestock production. We measured vegetation response to four treatment combinations of herbicide (tebuthiuron applied at 0.60 kg/ha) and moderate-intensity grazing (50% removal of annual herbaceous production) over a 10-year period in a sand shinnery oak prairie of eastern New Mexico. We compared the annual vegetation response to the historical climax plant community (HCPC) as outlined by the U.S. Department of Agriculture Ecological Site Description. From 2 to 10 years postapplication, tebuthiuron-treated plots had reduced shrub cover with twice as much forb and grass cover as untreated plots. Tebuthiuron-treated plots, regardless of the presence of grazing, most frequently met HCPC. Tebuthiuron and moderate-intensity grazing increased vegetation heterogeneity and, based on comparison of the HCPC, successfully restored sand shinnery oak prairie to a vegetation composition similar to presettlement.
C1 [Zavaleta, Jennifer C.; Grisham, Blake] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Haukos, David A.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Boal, Clint] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Dixon, Charles] Wildlife Plus, POB 416, Alto, NM 88312 USA.
[Zavaleta, Jennifer C.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
RP Zavaleta, JC (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.; Zavaleta, JC (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
EM JenniferCZavaleta@gmail.com
FU Grasslans Charitable Foundation; Weaver Ranch in New Mexico; Great
Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department; New Mexico Department of Game and Fish; U.S. Geological
Survey Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Nature
Conservancy; Texas Tech Department of Natural Resources Management
FX Various landowners in Texas provided access to private property. We
thank the Grasslans Charitable Foundation and Weaver Ranch in New Mexico
for study site access and logistical and financial support. The Great
Plains Landscape Conservation Cooperative, Texas Parks and Wildlife
Department, New Mexico Department of Game and Fish, Grasslans Charitable
Foundation, U.S. Geological Survey Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit, The Nature Conservancy, and Texas Tech Department of
Natural Resources Management provided financial and logistical support
for this project. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 3
BP 225
EP 232
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EF9WV
UT WOS:000390682800006
ER
PT J
AU Metcalfe, AN
Kennedy, TA
Muehlbauer, JD
AF Metcalfe, Anya N.
Kennedy, Theodore A.
Muehlbauer, Jeffrey D.
TI PHENOLOGY OF THE ADULT ANGEL LICHEN MOTH (CISTHENE ANGELUS) IN GRAND
CANYON, USA
SO SOUTHWESTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID BUTTERFLIES; VOLTINISM; LEPIDOPTERA; PROTANDRY; GROWTH; SIZE;
DIMORPHISM; EVOLUTION; INSECTS; FEMALES
AB We investigated the phenology of adult angel lichen moths (Cisthene angelus) along a 364-km long segment of the Colorado River in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA, using a unique data set of 2,437 light-trap samples collected by citizen scientists. We found that adults of C. angelus were bivoltine from 2012 to 2014. We quantified plasticity in wing lengths and sex ratios among the two generations and across a 545-m elevation gradient. We found that abundance, but not wing length, increased at lower elevations and that the two generations differed in size and sex distributions. Our results shed light on the life history and morphology of a common, but poorly known, species of moth endemic to the southwestern United States and Mexico.
C1 [Metcalfe, Anya N.; Kennedy, Theodore A.; Muehlbauer, Jeffrey D.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Metcalfe, AN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 North Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM ametcalfe@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest Biological Science Center
FX We thank the river runners and professional river outfitters who made
time in their Grand Canyon river trips to collect samples and made this
study possible: Arizona Raft Adventures, Arizona River Runners, Arizona
Game and Fish Department, E. Baade, M. Bryan, R. Burch, K. Burnett,
Canyon Expeditions, Canyon REO, Canyoneers, D. Cassidy, Ceiba
Adventures, L. Chamberlain, Colorado River and Trail Expeditions, J.
Cox, B. Dye, Grand Canyon Expeditions, Grand Canyon National Park, Grand
Canyon River Guides, Grand Canyon Youth, A. Harmon, Hatch River
Expeditions, S. Jernigan, E. Johnson, W. Mackay, K. McGrath, Moenkopi
Riverworks, A. Neill, Outdoors Unlimited, M. Perkins, W. Permar, K.
Proctor, Professional River Outfitters, M. Robinson, O. Roussis, G.
Siemion, C. Tibbitts, J. Toner, J. Townsend, Tour West, K. Wagner,
Wilderness River Adventures, K. Williams, K. Wogan, K. Wykstra, and G.
Zarn. We thank E. Kortenhoeven for his assistance processing light-trap
samples. We thank artist K. Aitchison for creating the block prints in
Figure 3 and D. Garcia-Pena for her assistance in translating the
abstract. Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey, Southwest
Biological Science Center. All data associated with this manuscript are
archived on ScienceBase (http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F7154F5S). Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. government.
NR 32
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU SOUTHWESTERN ASSOC NATURALISTS
PI SAN MARCOS
PA SOUTHWEST TEXAS STATE UNIV, DEPT BIOLOGY, 601 UNIVERSITY DR, SAN MARCOS,
TX 78666 USA
SN 0038-4909
EI 1943-6262
J9 SOUTHWEST NAT
JI Southw. Natural.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 3
BP 233
EP 240
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EF9WV
UT WOS:000390682800007
ER
PT J
AU Muths, E
Scherer, RD
Amburgey, SM
Matthews, T
Spencer, AW
Corn, PS
AF Muths, E.
Scherer, R. D.
Amburgey, S. M.
Matthews, T.
Spencer, A. W.
Corn, P. S.
TI First estimates of the probability of survival in a small-bodied,
high-elevation frog (Boreal Chorus Frog, Pseudacris maculata), or how
historical data can be useful
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Boreal Chorus Frog; conservation; data reclamation; mark-recapture;
Pseudacris maculata
ID YELLOW-LEGGED FROG; CLIMATE-CHANGE; SALAMANDRA-SALAMANDRA; TEMPORARY
EMIGRATION; AMPHIBIAN DECLINE; MARKED ANIMALS; RANA-SIERRAE; POPULATION;
METAMORPHOSIS; TRISERIATA
AB In an era of shrinking budgets yet increasing demands for conservation, the value of existing (i.e., historical) data are elevated. Lengthy time series on common, or previously common, species are particularly valuable and may be available only through the use of historical information. We provide first estimates of the probability of survival and longevity (0.67-0.79 and 5-7 years, respectively) for a subalpine population of a small-bodied, ostensibly common amphibian, the Boreal Chorus Frog (Pseudacris maculata (Agassiz, 1850)), using historical data and contemporary, hypothesis-driven information-theoretic analyses. We also test a priori hypotheses about the effects of color morph (as suggested by early reports) and of drought (as suggested by recent climate predictions) on survival. Using robust mark-recapture models, we find some support for early hypotheses regarding the effect of color on survival, but we find no effect of drought. The congruence between early findings and our analyses highlights the usefulness of historical information in providing raw data for contemporary analyses and context for conservation and management decisions.
C1 [Muths, E.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Scherer, R. D.] Conservat Sci Partners, 501 Old Town Sq, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA.
[Amburgey, S. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, Intercoll Grad Degree Program Ecol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Matthews, T.] 1414 Nunn Creek Court, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Spencer, A. W.] Ft Lewis Coll, Dept Biol, Durango, CO 81301 USA.
[Corn, P. S.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
RP Muths, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM muthse@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's Data Rescue Program
FX We thank D. Oberlag and R. Edwards, U.S. Forest Service, for information
regarding logging. The manuscript is dedicated to the memory of D.
Pettus for scientific and mentoring contributions. This is contribution
No. 542 of the U.S. Geological Survey's Amphibian Research and
Monitoring Initiative and was funded partially by the U.S. Geological
Survey's Data Rescue Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU CANADIAN SCIENCE PUBLISHING, NRC RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA 65 AURIGA DR, SUITE 203, OTTAWA, ON K2E 7W6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
EI 1480-3283
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 94
IS 9
BP 599
EP 606
DI 10.1139/cjz-2016-0024
PG 8
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DW5PS
UT WOS:000383699200001
ER
PT J
AU Weidhaas, JL
Dietrich, AM
DeYonker, NJ
Dupont, RR
Foreman, WT
Gallagher, D
Gallagher, JEG
Whelton, AJ
Alexander, WA
AF Weidhaas, Jennifer L.
Dietrich, Andrea M.
DeYonker, Nathan J.
Dupont, R. Ryan
Foreman, William T.
Gallagher, Daniel
Gallagher, Jennifer E. G.
Whelton, Andrew J.
Alexander, William A.
TI Enabling Science Support for Better Decision-Making when Responding to
Chemical Spills
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID DRINKING-WATER; WEST-VIRGINIA; OIL-SPILL; HUMAN EXPOSURE; TOXICITY;
RIVER; COMMUNICATION; CONTAMINANTS; PREPAREDNESS; TOXICOLOGY
AB Chemical spills and accidents contaminate the environment and disrupt societies and economies around the globe. In the United States there were approximately 172,000 chemical spills that affected US waterbodies from 2004 to 2014. More than 8000 of these spills involved non-petroleum-related chemicals. Traditional emergency responses or incident command structures (ICSs) that respond to chemical spills require coordinated efforts by predominantly government personnel from multiple disciplines, including disaster management, public health, and environmental protection. However, the requirements of emergency response teams for science support might not be met within the traditional ICS. We describe the US ICS as an example of emergency-response approaches to chemical spills and provide examples in which external scientific support from research personnel benefitted the ICS emergency response, focusing primarily on nonpetroleum chemical spills. We then propose immediate, near-term, and long-term activities to support the response to chemical spills, focusing on nonpetroleum chemical spills. Further, we call for science support for spill prevention and near-term spill-incident response and identify longerterm research needs. The development of a formal mechanism for external science support of ICS from governmental and nongovernmental scientists would benefit rapid responders, advance incident-and crisis-response science, and aid society in coping with and recovering from chemical spills.
C1 [Weidhaas, Jennifer L.] West Virginia Univ, Civil & Environm Engn, 395 Evansdale Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
[Weidhaas, Jennifer L.] Univ Utah, Civil & Environm Engn, 110 Cent Campus Dr,Suite 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
[Dietrich, Andrea M.; Gallagher, Daniel] Virginia Tech, Civil & Environm Engn, 418 Durham Hall,1145 Perry St,MC 0246, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[DeYonker, Nathan J.; Alexander, William A.] Univ Memphis, Dept Chem, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
[Dupont, R. Ryan] Utah State Univ, Utah Water Res Lab, 8200 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Foreman, William T.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Lab, POB 25585, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Gallagher, Jennifer E. G.] West Virginia Univ, Biol, 5108 Life Sci Bldg,53 Campus Dr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Whelton, Andrew J.] Purdue Univ, Div Environm & Ecol Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Whelton, Andrew J.] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Weidhaas, JL (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Civil & Environm Engn, 395 Evansdale Dr, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.; Weidhaas, JL (reprint author), Univ Utah, Civil & Environm Engn, 110 Cent Campus Dr,Suite 2000, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA.
EM jennifer.weidhaas@utah.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CBET 1523448]
FX The authors are grateful to the participants of the National Science
Foundation-funded workshop entitled "Fostering Advances in Water
Resource Protection and Crisis Communication, Lessons Learned from
Recent Disasters," whose discussions informed this manuscript and the
independent peer reviewers and editorial board, whose contributions
strengthened the manuscript. Funding for the workshop and this
manuscript was obtained from the National Science Foundation (CBET
1523448). Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 84
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 45
IS 5
BP 1490
EP 1500
DI 10.2134/jeq2016.03.0090
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED6DC
UT WOS:000388944200003
PM 27695739
ER
PT J
AU Essaid, HI
Baker, NT
McCarthy, KA
AF Essaid, Hedeff I.
Baker, Nancy T.
McCarthy, Kathleen A.
TI Contrasting Nitrogen Fate in Watersheds Using Agricultural and Water
Quality Information
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER-BASIN; MODELING STREAMWATER CHEMISTRY; MEMBER MIXING
ANALYSIS; SOILWATER END-MEMBERS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; UNITED-STATES;
MASS-BALANCE; NORTHWESTERN MISSISSIPPI; LAND-USE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL
PROCESSES
AB Surplus nitrogen (N) estimates, principal component analysis (PCA), and end-member mixing analysis (EMMA) were used in a multisite comparison contrasting the fate of N in diverse agricultural watersheds. We applied PCA-EMMA in 10 watersheds located in Indiana, Iowa, Maryland, Nebraska, Mississippi, and Washington ranging in size from 5 to 1254 km(2) with four nested watersheds. Watershed Surplus N was determined by subtracting estimates of crop uptake and volatilization from estimates of N input from atmospheric deposition, plant fixation, fertilizer, and manure for the period from 1987 to 2004. Watershed average Surplus N ranged from 11 to 52 kg N ha(-1) and from 9 to 32% of N input. Solute concentrations in streams, overland runoff, tile drainage, groundwater (GW), streambeds, and the unsaturated zone were used in the PCA-EMMA procedure to identify independent components contributing to observed stream concentration variability and the end-members contributing to streamflow and NO3 load. End-members included dilute runoff, agricultural runoff, benthic-processing, tile drainage, and oxic and anoxic GW. Surplus N was larger in watersheds with more permeable soils (Washington, Nebraska, and Maryland) that allowed greater infiltration, and oxic GW was the primary source of NO3 load. Subsurface transport of NO3 in these watersheds resulted in some removal of Surplus N by denitrification. In less permeable watersheds (Iowa, Indiana, and Mississippi), NO3 was rapidly transported to the stream by tile drainage and runoff with little removal. Evidence of streambed removal of NO3 by benthic diatoms was observed in the larger watersheds.
C1 [Essaid, Hedeff I.] USGS, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Baker, Nancy T.] USGS, 5957 Lakeside Blvd, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
[McCarthy, Kathleen A.] USGS, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
RP Essaid, HI (reprint author), USGS, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM hiessaid@usgs.gov
FU USGS National Water-Quality Assessment and National Research Programs
FX This work was supported by the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment
and National Research Programs. The authors thank Chris Green and four
anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and suggestions that
greatly improved the manuscript.
NR 88
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 45
IS 5
BP 1616
EP 1626
DI 10.2134/jeq2016.02.0071
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED6DC
UT WOS:000388944200016
PM 27695767
ER
PT J
AU Van Metre, PC
Frey, JW
Musgrove, M
Nakagaki, N
Qi, S
Mahler, BJ
Wieczorek, ME
Button, DT
AF Van Metre, Peter C.
Frey, Jeffrey W.
Musgrove, MaryLynn
Nakagaki, Naomi
Qi, Sharon
Mahler, Barbara J.
Wieczorek, Michael E.
Button, Daniel T.
TI High Nitrate Concentrations in Some Midwest United States Streams in
2013 after the 2012 Drought
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID EAST-CENTRAL ILLINOIS; MISSISSIPPI RIVER; RACCOON RIVER; CORN-BELT;
BASIN; IOWA; DENITRIFICATION; GROUNDWATER; PATTERNS
AB Nitrogen sources in the Mississippi River basin have been linked to degradation of stream ecology and to Gulf of Mexico hypoxia. In 2013, the USGS and the USEPA characterized water quality stressors and ecological conditions in 100 wadeable streams across the midwestern United States. Wet conditions in 2013 followed a severe drought in 2012, a weather pattern associated with elevated nitrogen concentrations and loads in streams. Nitrate concentrations during the May to August 2013 sampling period ranged from <0.04 to 41.8 mg L-1 as N (mean, 5.31 mg L-1). Observed mean May to June nitrate concentrations at the 100 sites were compared with May to June concentrations predicted from a regression model developed using historical nitrate data. Observed concentrations for 17 sites, centered on Iowa and southern Minnesota, were outside the 95% confidence interval of the regression-predicted mean, indicating that they were anomalously high. The sites with a nitrate anomaly had significantly higher May to June nitrate concentrations than sites without an anomaly (means, 19.8 and 3.6 mg L-1, respectively) and had higher antecedent precipitation indices, a measure of the departure from normal precipitation, in 2012 and 2013. Correlations between nitrate concentrations and watershed characteristics and nitrogen and oxygen isotopes of nitrate indicated that fertilizer and manure used in crop production, principally corn, were the dominant sources of nitrate. The anomalously high nitrate levels in parts of the Midwest in 2013 coincide with reported higher-than-normal nitrate loads in the Mississippi River.
C1 [Van Metre, Peter C.; Musgrove, MaryLynn; Mahler, Barbara J.] USGS, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
[Frey, Jeffrey W.] USGS, Indianapolis, IN 46278 USA.
[Nakagaki, Naomi] USGS, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Qi, Sharon] USGS, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Wieczorek, Michael E.] USGS, Baltimore, MD 21288 USA.
[Button, Daniel T.] USGS, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
RP Van Metre, PC (reprint author), USGS, 1505 Ferguson Lane, Austin, TX 78754 USA.
EM pcvanmet@usgs.gov
OI Mahler, Barbara/0000-0002-9150-9552; Van Metre,
Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
FU USGS
FX This study was funded by the USGS. The authors thank Ellen Tarquinio
with the USEPA for helping to plan and coordinate the MSQA study. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
EI 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 45
IS 5
BP 1696
EP 1704
DI 10.2134/jeq2015.12.0591
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED6DC
UT WOS:000388944200025
PM 27695770
ER
PT J
AU Butterfield, BJ
Munson, SM
AF Butterfield, Bradley J.
Munson, Seth M.
TI Temperature is better than precipitation as a predictor of plant
community assembly across a dryland region
SO JOURNAL OF VEGETATION SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Competition; Drought tolerance; Environmental filter; Facilitation;
Frost tolerance; Response capacity; Safety margin; Species distribution;
Stress dominance hypothesis; Stress tolerance
ID BIOTIC INTERACTIONS; UNITED-STATES; RANGE LIMITS; GRADIENTS; DIVERSITY;
DROUGHT; STRESS; TREES; SPECIALIZATION; TOLERANCE
AB Question: How closely do plant communities track climate? Research suggests that plant species converge toward similar environmental tolerances relative to the environments that they experience. Whether these patterns apply to severe environments or scale up to plant community-level patterns of relative climatic tolerances is poorly understood. Using estimates of species' climatic tolerances acquired from occurrence records, we determined the contributions of individual species' climatic niche breadths and environmental filtering to the relationships between community-average climatic tolerances and the local climates experienced by those communities.
Location: Southwestern United States drylands.
Methods: Interspecific variation in niche breadth was assessed as a function of species' climatic optima (median climatic niche value). The relationships between climatic optima and tolerances were used as null expectations for the relationship between abundance-weighted mean climatic tolerances of communities and the local climate of that community. Deviations from this null expectation indicate that species with greater or lesser climatic tolerances are favoured relative to co-occurring species, The intensity of environmental filtering was estimated by comparing the range of climatic tolerances within each community to a null distribution generated :from a random assembly algorithm.
Results: The temperature niches of species were consistently symmetrical and of similar breadths, regardless of their temperature optima. In contrast, precipitation niches were skewed toward wetter conditions, and niche breadth increased with increasing precipitation optima. At the community level, relationships with climate were much stronger for temperature than for precipitation, Furthermore, cold and heat were stronger assembly fillers than drought or precipitation, with the intensity of environmental filtering increasing at both ends of climatic gradients, Community-average climatic tolerances did deviate significantly from null expectations, indicating that species with higher or lower relative climatic tolerances were favoured under certain conditions.
Conclusions: Despite strong water limitation of plant performance in dryland ecosystems, communities tracked variation in temperature much more closely, intimating strong responses to anticipated temperature increases. Furthermore, abundance distributions were biased toward species with higher or lower relative climatic tolerances under different climatic conditions, but predictably so, indicating, the need for assembly models that include processes other than simple environmental filtering.
C1 [Butterfield, Bradley J.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Butterfield, Bradley J.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Munson, Seth M.] No Arizona Univ, US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Box 5614, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
RP Butterfield, BJ (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.; Butterfield, BJ (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM Bradley.Butterfield@nau.edu; SMunson@usgs.gov
FU USGS Ecosystems Mission Area
FX C. Schob, J. Gremer and J. Bradford provided helpful comments on earlier
versions of this work, S. Munson was supported by the USGS Ecosystems
Mission Area. We would like to thank all of the scientists who collected
the community composition data upon which this study is based. Any use
of trade, product or firm names in this article is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1100-9233
EI 1654-1103
J9 J VEG SCI
JI J. Veg. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 27
IS 5
BP 938
EP 947
DI 10.1111/jvs.12440
PG 10
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology; Forestry
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Forestry
GA EC9BU
UT WOS:000388439400008
ER
PT J
AU Bekins, BA
Cozzarelli, IM
Erickson, ML
Steenson, RA
Thorn, KA
AF Bekins, Barbara A.
Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.
Erickson, Melinda L.
Steenson, Ross A.
Thorn, Kevin A.
TI Crude Oil Metabolites in Groundwater at Two Spill Sites
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
ID NATURAL ATTENUATION PROCESSES; WATER-QUALITY IMPACTS; ORGANIC-ACIDS;
PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; NAPHTHENIC ACIDS; GRAVEL AQUIFER; SHALLOW SAND;
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GEOCHEMICAL EVOLUTION; CONTAMINATED AQUIFER
AB Two groundwater plumes in north central Minnesota with residual crude oil sources have 20 to 50 mg/L of nonvolatile dissolved organic carbon (NVDOC). These values are over 10 times higher than benzene and two to three times higher than Diesel Range Organics in the same wells. On the basis of previous work, most of the NVDOC consists of partial transformation products from the crude oil. Monitoring data from 1988 to 2015 at one of the sites located near Bemidji, MN show that the plume of metabolites is expanding toward a lakeshore located 335m from the source zone. Other mass balance studies of the site have demonstrated that the plume expansion is driven by the combined effect of continued presence of the residual crude oil source and depletion of the electron accepting capacity of solid phase iron oxide and hydroxides on the aquifer sediments. These plumes of metabolites are not covered by regulatory monitoring and reporting requirements in Minnesota and other states. Yet, a review of toxicology studies indicates that polar metabolites of crude oil may pose a risk to aquatic and mammalian species. Together the results suggest that at sites where residual sources are present, monitoring of NVDOC may be warranted to evaluate the fates of plumes of hydrocarbon transformation products.
C1 [Bekins, Barbara A.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Cozzarelli, Isabelle M.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Erickson, Melinda L.] US Geol Survey, 2280 Woodale Dr, Mounds View, MN 55112 USA.
[Steenson, Ross A.] San Francisco Bay Reg Water Qual Control Board, 1515 Clay St, Oakland, CA 94612 USA.
[Thorn, Kevin A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS-408,Bldg 95, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Bekins, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM babekins@usgs.gov
OI Erickson, Melinda/0000-0002-1117-2866; Cozzarelli,
Isabelle/0000-0002-5123-1007
FU USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; National Research Program;
National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural Attenuation Research Site, a
collaborative venture of the USGS; Enbridge Energy Limited Partnership;
Minnesota Pollution Control Agency; Beltrami County, MN
FX This project was supported by the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology
Program and the National Research Program. Partial funding for this
project was provided by the National Crude Oil Spill Fate and Natural
Attenuation Research Site, a collaborative venture of the USGS, Enbridge
Energy Limited Partnership, the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, and
Beltrami County, MN. Any use of trade, product, or firm names in this
publication is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 57
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 5
BP 681
EP 691
DI 10.1111/gwat.12419
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA ED2ZS
UT WOS:000388719400011
PM 27010754
ER
PT J
AU Bakker, M
Post, V
Langevin, CD
Hughes, JD
White, JT
Starn, JJ
Fienen, MN
AF Bakker, M.
Post, V.
Langevin, C. D.
Hughes, J. D.
White, J. T.
Starn, J. J.
Fienen, M. N.
TI Scripting MODFLOW Model Development Using Python and FloPy
SO GROUNDWATER
LA English
DT Article
AB Graphical user interfaces (GUIs) are commonly used to construct and postprocess numerical groundwater flow and transport models. Scripting model development with the programming language Python is presented here as an alternative approach. One advantage of Python is that there are many packages available to facilitate the model development process, including packages for plotting, array manipulation, optimization, and data analysis. For MODFLOW-based models, the FloPy package was developed by the authors to construct model input files, run the model, and read and plot simulation results. Use of Python with the available scientific packages and FloPy facilitates data exploration, alternative model evaluations, and model analyses that can be difficult to perform with GUIs. Furthermore, Python scripts are a complete, transparent, and repeatable record of the modeling process. The approach is introduced with a simple FloPy example to create and postprocess a MODFLOW model. A more complicated capture-fraction analysis with a real-world model is presented to demonstrate the types of analyses that can be performed using Python and FloPy.
C1 [Bakker, M.] Delft Univ Technol, Water Resources Sect, Delft, Netherlands.
[Post, V.] Flinders Univ S Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
[Post, V.] BGR, Fed Inst Geosci & Nat Resources, Hannover, Germany.
[Langevin, C. D.; Hughes, J. D.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[White, J. T.] US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, Austin, TX USA.
[Starn, J. J.] US Geol Survey, E Hartford, CT USA.
[Fienen, M. N.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI USA.
RP Bakker, M (reprint author), Delft Univ Technol, Water Resources Sect, Delft, Netherlands.
EM mark.bakker@tudelft.nl
RI Post, Vincent/E-6054-2011
OI Post, Vincent/0000-0002-9463-3081
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0017-467X
EI 1745-6584
J9 GROUNDWATER
JI Groundwater
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 54
IS 5
BP 733
EP 739
DI 10.1111/gwat.12413
PG 7
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA ED2ZS
UT WOS:000388719400017
PM 27027984
ER
PT J
AU Bastille-Rousseau, G
Yackulic, CB
Frair, JL
Cabrera, F
Blake, S
AF Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume
Yackulic, Charles B.
Frair, Jacqueline L.
Cabrera, Freddy
Blake, Stephen
TI Allometric and temporal scaling of movement characteristics in Galapagos
tortoises
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Chelonoidis spp.; correlated random walk; directional persistence;
displacement; ectotherm; giant tortoise; interval; movement; temporal
scale
ID STATE-SPACE MODELS; BODY-SIZE; ANIMAL MOVEMENT; HOME-RANGE; MIGRATION
DISTANCE; ECOLOGY; MAMMALS; ENERGY; DETERMINANTS; MASS
AB 1. Understanding how individual movement scales with body size is of fundamental importance in predicting ecological relationships for diverse species. One-dimensional movement metrics scale consistently with body size yet vary over different temporal scales. Knowing how temporal scale influences the relationship between animal body size and movement would better inform hypotheses about the efficiency of foraging behaviour, the ontogeny of energy budgets, and numerous life-history trade-offs.
2. We investigated how the temporal scaling of allometric patterns in movement varies over the course of a year, specifically during periods of motivated (directional and fast movement) and unmotivated (stationary and tortuous movement) behaviour. We focused on a recently diverged group of species that displays wide variation in movement behaviour -giant Galapagos tortoises (Chelonoidis spp.) -to test how movement metrics estimated on a monthly basis scaled with body size.
3. We used state-space modelling to estimate seven different movement metrics of Galapagos tortoises. We used log-log regression of the power law to evaluate allometric scaling for these movement metrics and contrasted relationships by species and sex.
4. Allometric scaling of movement was more apparent during motivated periods of movement. During this period, allometry was revealed at multiple temporal intervals (hourly, daily and monthly), with values observed at daily and monthly intervals corresponding most closely to the expected one-fourth scaling coefficient, albeit with wide credible intervals. We further detected differences in the magnitude of scaling among taxa uncoupled from observed differences in the temporal structuring of their movement rates.
5. Our results indicate that the definition of temporal scales is fundamental to the detection of allometry of movement and should be given more attention in movement studies. Our approach not only provides new conceptual insights into temporal attributes in one-dimensional scaling of movement, but also generates valuable insights into the movement ecology of iconic yet poorly understood Galapagos giant tortoises.
C1 [Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume; Frair, Jacqueline L.; Blake, Stephen] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume; Frair, Jacqueline L.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Roosevelt Wild Life Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
[Yackulic, Charles B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Cabrera, Freddy; Blake, Stephen] Charles Darwin Fdn, Isla Santa Cruz, Galapagos, Ecuador.
[Blake, Stephen] Max Planck Inst Ornithol, Schlossallee 2, D-78315 Radolfzell am Bodensee, Germany.
[Blake, Stephen] Univ Missouri, Whitney Harris World Ecol Ctr, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
[Blake, Stephen] Washington Univ, Dept Biol, Campus Box 1137, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Bastille-Rousseau, G (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.; Bastille-Rousseau, G (reprint author), SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Roosevelt Wild Life Stn, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
EM gbastill@esf.edu
OI Bastille-Rousseau, Guillaume/0000-0001-6799-639X
FU Max Planck Institute for Ornithology (Radolfzell, Germany); National
Geographic Society Committee for Research and Exploration; Galapagos
Conservation Trust; Swiss Friends of Galapagos; National Science
Foundation [DBI-1003221, 1258062]
FX This project was supported by the Max Planck Institute for Ornithology
(Radolfzell, Germany), the National Geographic Society Committee for
Research and Exploration, Galapagos Conservation Trust, Swiss Friends of
Galapagos and the National Science Foundation (DBI-1003221, Grant No.
1258062). The Galapagos National Park Service (GNPS) and Charles Darwin
Foundation (CDF) provided critical technical, logistical, administrative
and political support. In particular, we thank Washington Tapia, Galo
Quesada and Wilman Valle of the GNP, and Mark Gardener, Pilar Dias and
Sonia Cisneros of the CDF. We also thank James Gibbs for valuable
comments on an earlier draft of this manuscript and his generous
collaboration. We also thank N. Courbin, and four anonymous reviewers
for valuables comments on a previous version of this manuscript. E-obs
GmbH provided GPS telemetry tags at a fraction of their commercial
price. Steve Devine, Herbert Frey and many other land owners on
Galapagos kindly allowed us to use their property. Any use of trade,
product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 55
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 5
BP 1171
EP 1181
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12561
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA EC7XC
UT WOS:000388353400005
PM 27336221
ER
PT J
AU Furey, NB
Hinch, SG
Mesa, MG
Beauchamp, DA
AF Furey, Nathan B.
Hinch, Scott G.
Mesa, Matthew G.
Beauchamp, David A.
TI Piscivorous fish exhibit temperature-influenced binge feeding during an
annual prey pulse
SO JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bioenergetics; digestive bottleneck; digestive capacity; foraging
ecology; gut volume; hyperphagia; physiological ecology; predator-prey
interactions; resource pulse
ID GASTRIC EVACUATION RATES; BULL TROUT; SOCKEYE-SALMON; COLUMBIA RIVER;
MIGRATION SURVIVAL; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; TROPHIC CASCADES;
HIGH-MORTALITY; DOLLY VARDEN; PREDATION
AB 1. Understanding the limits of consumption is important for determining trophic influences on ecosystems and predator adaptations to inconsistent prey availability. Fishes have been observed to consume beyond what is sustainable (i.e. digested on a daily basis), but this phenomenon of hyperphagia (or binge-feeding) is largely overlooked. We expect hyperphagia to be a short-term (1-day) event that is facilitated by gut volume providing capacity to store consumed food during periods of high prey availability to be later digested.
2. We define how temperature, body size and food availability influence the degree of binge-feeding by comparing field observations with laboratory experiments of bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus), a large freshwater piscivore that experiences highly variable prey pulses. We also simulated bull trout consumption and growth during salmon smolt outmigrations under two scenarios: 1) daily consumption being dependent upon bioenergetically sustainable rates and 2) daily consumption being dependent upon available gut volume (i.e. consumption is equal to gut volume when empty and otherwise 'topping off' based on sustainable digestion rates).
3. One-day consumption by laboratory-held bull trout during the first day of feeding experiments after fasting exceeded bioenergetically sustainable rates by 12- to 87-fold at low temperatures (3 degrees C) and by similar to 1.3-fold at 20 degrees C. The degree of binge-feeding by bull trout in the field was slightly reduced but largely in agreement with laboratory estimates, especially when prey availability was extremely high [during a sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) smolt outmigration and at a counting fence where smolts are funnelled into high densities]. Consumption by bull trout at other settings were lower and more variable, but still regularly hyperphagic.
4. Simulations demonstrated the ability to binge-feed increased cumulative consumption (16-32%) and cumulative growth (19-110%) relative to only feeding at bioenergetically sustainable rates during the similar to 1-month smolt outmigration period.
5. Our results indicate the ability for predators to maximize short-term consumption when prey are available can be extreme and is limited primarily by gut volume, then mediated by temperature; thus, predator-prey relationships may be more dependent upon prey availability than traditional bioenergetic models suggest. Binge-feeding has important implications for energy budgets of consumers as well as acute predation impacts on prey.
C1 [Furey, Nathan B.; Hinch, Scott G.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Mesa, Matthew G.] US Geol Survey, Columbia River Res Lab, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Cook, WA USA.
[Beauchamp, David A.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Furey, NB (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Forest & Conservat Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
EM n.b.furey@gmail.com
FU Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) Canada; Fisheries Society of the British
Isles (FSBI); US Fish and Wildlife Service; NSERC
FX The authors thank Andrew Lotto, Arthur Bass, Collin Middleton, Vanessa
Minke-Martin and DFO for assistance with field work. We acknowledge
Megan Fong for help processing stomach content samples. We thank Lisa
Weiland, Lee Simons and Helena Christiansen for assistance for the
laboratory-based studies. The Ocean Tracking Network (OTN) Canada and
the Fisheries Society of the British Isles (FSBI) Research Grants
programme provided funds for field studies. The US Fish and Wildlife
Service assisted with funding for the laboratory-based research. N.B.F.
is funded by a Vanier Graduate Scholarship through NSERC. We are
grateful to the Xeni Gwet'in First Nation for access to the Chilko field
site. Work was conducted with scientific collection permits #WL13-86458
and #WL14-94449 from the British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Lands and
Natural Resource Operations. Any use of trade, firm or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0021-8790
EI 1365-2656
J9 J ANIM ECOL
JI J. Anim. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 85
IS 5
BP 1307
EP 1317
DI 10.1111/1365-2656.12565
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA EC7XC
UT WOS:000388353400018
PM 27457279
ER
PT J
AU Fraeman, AA
Ehlmann, BL
Arvidson, RE
Edwards, CS
Grotzinger, JP
Milliken, RE
Quinn, DP
Rice, MS
AF Fraeman, A. A.
Ehlmann, B. L.
Arvidson, R. E.
Edwards, C. S.
Grotzinger, J. P.
Milliken, R. E.
Quinn, D. P.
Rice, M. S.
TI The stratigraphy and evolution of lower Mount Sharp from spectral,
morphological, and thermophysical orbital data sets
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; GALE CRATER; REFLECTANCE
SPECTROSCOPY; LANDING SITE; PARTICULATE MATERIALS; SEDIMENTARY-ROCKS;
EARLY MARS; SULFATE; MINERALOGY; CONSTRAINTS
AB We have developed a refined geologic map and stratigraphy for lower Mount Sharp using coordinated analyses of new spectral, thermophysical, and morphologic orbital data products. The Mount Sharp group consists of seven relatively planar units delineated by differences in texture, mineralogy, and thermophysical properties. These units are (1-3) three spatially adjacent units in the Murray formation which contain a variety of secondary phases and are distinguishable by thermal inertia and albedo differences, (4) a phyllosilicate-bearing unit, (5) a hematite-capped ridge unit, (6) a unit associated with material having a strongly sloped spectral signature at visible near-infrared wavelengths, and (7) a layered sulfate unit. The Siccar Point group consists of the Stimson formation and two additional units that unconformably overlie the Mount Sharp group. All Siccar Point group units are distinguished by higher thermal inertia values and record a period of substantial deposition and exhumation that followed the deposition and exhumation of the Mount Sharp group. Several spatially extensive silica deposits associated with veins and fractures show that late-stage silica enrichment within lower Mount Sharp was pervasive. At least two laterally extensive hematitic deposits are present at different stratigraphic intervals, and both are geometrically conformable with lower Mount Sharp strata. The occurrence of hematite at multiple stratigraphic horizons suggests redox interfaces were widespread in space and/or in time, and future measurements by the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover will provide further insights into the depositional settings of these and other mineral phases.
C1 [Fraeman, A. A.; Ehlmann, B. L.] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Ehlmann, B. L.; Grotzinger, J. P.; Quinn, D. P.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Arvidson, R. E.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
[Edwards, C. S.] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Edwards, C. S.] Northern Univ Arizona, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Milliken, R. E.] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Rice, M. S.] Western Washington Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Dept Geol, Bellingham, WA 98225 USA.
RP Fraeman, AA (reprint author), CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
EM abigail.a.fraeman@jpl.nasa.gov
FU W.M. Keck Institution for Space Studies; Caltech; National Aeronautics
and Space Administration; National Aeronautics and Space Administration
through the internal Research and Technology Development program; MSL
Participating Scientist Program grant
FX We thank two anonymous reviewers for their careful reading and insight
comments that improved the quality of this manuscript. Thanks to Lulu
Pan for providing helpful advice on CRISM parameter mapping techniques,
Ara Oshagan for assistance in generating the HiRISE color mosaic, Dawn
Sumner for nomenclature guidance, and Kathryn Stack Morgan for fruitful
discussions about orbital mapping interpretations and sharing her
general knowledge of the Gale Crater geologic context. A.A.F. was
partially supported by a W.M. Keck Institution for Space Studies
Postdoctoral Fellowship and Caltech Geological and Planetary Sciences
Texaco Postdoctoral Fellowship. A portion of this research was also
carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of
Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space
Administration and funded through the internal Research and Technology
Development program. B.L.E. was partially supported by an MSL
Participating Scientist Program grant. All raw data products supporting
the conclusions of this work can be obtained from the NASA Planetary
Data System (PDS).
NR 66
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 9
BP 1713
EP 1736
DI 10.1002/2016JE005095
PG 24
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC0MO
UT WOS:000387795400008
PM 27867788
ER
PT J
AU Dymond, SF
D'Amato, AW
Kolka, RK
Bolstad, PV
Sebestyen, SD
Bradford, JB
AF Dymond, S. F.
D'Amato, A. W.
Kolka, R. K.
Bolstad, P. V.
Sebestyen, S. D.
Bradford, J. B.
TI Growth-climate relationships across topographic gradients in the
northern Great Lakes
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dendrochronology; quaking aspen; red pine; PET; soil moisture
ID CANADIAN ASPEN FORESTS; TREE-GROWTH; SOIL-MOISTURE; UNITED-STATES;
RADIAL GROWTH; WATER; DROUGHT; RINGS; USA; PRODUCTIVITY
AB Climatic conditions exert important control over the growth, productivity, and distribution of forests, and characterizing these relationships is essential for understanding how forest ecosystems will respond to climate change. We used dendrochronological methods to develop climate-growth relationships for two dominant species, Populus tremuloides (quaking aspen) and Pinus resinosa (red pine), in the upper Great Lakes region to understand how climate and water availability influence annual forest productivity. Trees were sampled along a topographic gradient at the Marcell Experimental Forest (Minnesota, USA) to assess growth response to variations in temperature and different water availability metrics (precipitation, potential evapotranspiration (PET), cumulative moisture index (CMI), and soil water storage). Climatic variables were able to explain 33-58% of the variation in annual growth (as measured by ring-width increment) for quaking aspen and 37-74% of the variation for red pine. Climate-growth relationships were influenced by topography for quaking aspen but not for red pine. Annual ring growth for quaking aspen decreased with June CMI on ridges, decreased with temperature in the November prior to the growing season on sideslopes, and decreased with June PET on toeslopes. Red pine growth increased with increasing July PET across all topographic positions. These results indicate the sensitivity of both quaking aspen and red pine to local climate and show several vulnerabilities of these species to shifts in water supply and temperature because of climate change. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Dymond, S. F.; Bolstad, P. V.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA.
[D'Amato, A. W.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT USA.
[Kolka, R. K.; Sebestyen, S. D.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Northern Res Stn, Grand Rapids, MN USA.
[Bradford, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Dymond, SF (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Davis, CA 95618 USA.
EM sdymond@fs.fed.us
RI Sebestyen, Stephen/D-1238-2013; Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
OI Sebestyen, Stephen/0000-0002-6315-0108;
FU USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station
FX Funding for this research was provided by the USDA Forest Service
Northern Research Station. We thank Erika Wertz, Laura Nelson, Deacon
Kyllander, Carrie Dorrance, and Emily Silver for providing field and/or
laboratory assistance, and also anonymous reviewers who have helped to
improve the manuscript.
NR 78
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 6
BP 918
EP 929
DI 10.1002/eco.1700
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA EC1GC
UT WOS:000387851900003
ER
PT J
AU Carlisle, DM
Nelson, SM
May, J
AF Carlisle, Daren M.
Nelson, S. Mark
May, Jason
TI Associations of stream health with altered flow and water temperature in
the Sierra Nevada, California
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE streamflow alteration; invertebrate community; thermal alteration;
Sierra Nevada; California
ID ENVIRONMENTAL FLOWS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATES;
ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES; THERMAL REGIMES; MANAGEMENT; DAM; ASSESSMENTS;
CONSEQUENCES; DOWNSTREAM
AB Alteration of streamflow and thermal conditions may adversely affect lotic invertebrate communities, but few studies have assessed these phenomena using indicators that control for the potentially confounding influence of natural variability. We designed a study to assess how flow and thermal alteration influence stream health - as indicated by the condition of invertebrate communities. We studied thirty streams in the Sierra Nevada, California, that span a wide range of hydrologic modification due to storage reservoirs and hydroelectric diversions. Daily water temperature and streamflows were monitored, and basic chemistry and habitat conditions were characterized when invertebrate communities were sampled. Streamflow alteration, thermal alteration, and invertebrate condition were quantified by predicting site-specific natural expectations using statistical models developed using data from regional reference sites. Monthly flows were typically depleted (relative to natural expectations) during fall, winter, and spring. Most hydrologically altered sites experienced cooled thermal conditions in summer, with mean daily temperatures as much 12 degrees C below natural expectations. The most influential predictor of invertebrate community condition was the degree of alteration of March flows, which suggests that there are key interactions between hydrological and biological processes during this month in Sierra Nevada streams. Thermal alteration was also an important predictor - particularly at sites with the most severe hydrological alteration. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Carlisle, Daren M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Lawrence, KS USA.
[Nelson, S. Mark] Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO USA.
[May, Jason] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA USA.
RP Carlisle, DM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Assessment Program, Lawrence, KS USA.
EM dcarlisle@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program
FX Contract/grant sponsor: U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality
Assessment Program.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 6
BP 930
EP 941
DI 10.1002/eco.1703
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA EC1GC
UT WOS:000387851900004
ER
PT J
AU Conner, LG
Gill, RA
Belnap, J
AF Conner, Lafe G.
Gill, Richard A.
Belnap, Jayne
TI Soil moisture response to experimentally altered snowmelt timing is
mediated by soil, vegetation, and regional climate patterns
SO ECOHYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; soil moisture; soil moisture states; snowmelt; snowpack;
subalpine
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ORGANIC-MATTER; GROWING-SEASON; HIGH-ELEVATION; N
RETENTION; SNOWPACK; WATER; VARIABILITY; CONSEQUENCES; TEMPERATURE
AB Soil moisture in seasonally snow-covered environments fluctuates seasonally between wet and dry states. Climate warming is advancing the onset of spring snowmelt and may lengthen the summer-dry state and ultimately cause drier soil conditions. The magnitude of either response may vary across elevation and vegetation types. We situated our study at the lower boundary of persistent snow cover and the upper boundary of subalpine forest with paired treatment blocks in aspen forest and open meadow. In treatments plots, we advanced snowmelt timing by an average of 14 days by adding dust to the snow surface during spring melt. We specifically wanted to know whether early snowmelt would increase the duration of the summer-dry period and cause soils to be drier in the early-snowmelt treatments compared with control plots. We found no difference in the onset of the summer-dry state and no significant differences in soil moisture between treatments. To better understand the reasons soil moisture did not respond to early snowmelt as expected, we examined the mediating influences of soil organic matter, texture, temperature, and the presence or absence of forest. In our study, late-spring precipitation may have moderated the effects of early snowmelt on soil moisture. We conclude that landscape characteristics, including soil, vegetation, and regional weather patterns, may supersede the effects of snowmelt timing in determining growing season soil moisture, and efforts to anticipate the impacts of climate change on seasonally snow-covered ecosystems should take into account these mediating factors. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Conner, Lafe G.; Gill, Richard A.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, 4102 LSB, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Belnap, Jayne] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Conner, LG (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, 4102 LSB, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM connerlg@byu.edu
FU Decagon Devices, Inc.; Charles Redd Center for Western Studies; USGS
FX The authors wish to thank to Greg Maurer for insight into experimental
methods and comments on an earlier draft of the paper and David Bowling
for insight and helpful critique of the project at various stages of the
research. Thanks also to Michael McQueen, Joshua Harvey, and Desiree
Lindley for help with data collection, Rohit Katthar, Dan Ames, and Jiri
Kadlec for help with data management and HydroServer Lite, Randy
Beckstrand (BLM) for help sourcing the dust used for the experiment, and
Jeff Gardiner and Robert Davidson (USFS) for review of proposal to
locate study sites in Manti-La Sal National Forest. Thanks to Roger
Koide and Samuel St. Clair for comments on an earlier version of the
manuscript. This research was supported in part by the G.A. Harris
Graduate Research Instrumentation Fellowship from Decagon Devices, Inc.,
BYU Graduate Studies Research Fellowship, Rocky Mountain Space Grant
Consortium Research Fellowship, and Summer Research Fellowship from the
Charles Redd Center for Western Studies. J.B. was supported by the USGS
Ecosystems and Climate and Land Use programmes. Any use of trade names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
US Government.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1936-0584
EI 1936-0592
J9 ECOHYDROLOGY
JI Ecohydrology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 9
IS 6
BP 1006
EP 1016
DI 10.1002/eco.1697
PG 11
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA EC1GC
UT WOS:000387851900011
ER
PT J
AU Franey, DS
Brady, AMG
Ecker, CD
Graham, JL
Stelzer, EA
Struffolino, P
Dwyer, DF
Loftin, KA
AF Franey, Donna S.
Brady, Arnie M. G.
Ecker, Christopher D.
Graham, Jennifer L.
Stelzer, Erin A.
Struffolino, Pamela
Dwyer, Daryl F.
Loftin, Keith A.
TI Estimating microcystin levels at recreational sites in western Lake Erie
and Ohio
SO HARMFUL ALGAE
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyanobacteria; Microcystin; Models
ID REAL-TIME PCR; CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOMS; TOXIC CYANOBACTERIA; WATER;
PHYTOPLANKTON; PATTERNS; SURVIVAL; GROWTH; TOOL; USA
AB Cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (cyanoHABs) and associated toxins, such as microcystin, are a major global water-quality issue. Water-resource managers need tools to quickly predict when and where toxin-producing cyanoHABs will occur. This could be done by using site-specific models that estimate the potential for elevated toxin concentrations that cause public health concerns. With this study, samples were collected at three Ohio lakes to identify environmental and water-quality factors to develop linear regression models to estimate microcystin levels. Measures of the algal community (phycocyanin, cyanobacterial biovolume, and cyanobacterial gene concentrations) and pH were most strongly correlated with microcystin concentrations. Cyanobacterial genes were quantified for general cyanobacteria, general Microcystis and Dolichospermum, and for microcystin synthetase (mcyE) for Microcystis, Dolichospermum, and Planktothrix. For phycocyanin, the relations were different between sites and were different between hand-held measurements on-site and nearby continuous monitor measurements for the same site. Continuous measurements of parameters such as phycocyanin, pH, and temperature over multiple days showed the highest correlations to microcystin concentrations. The development of models with high R-2 values (0.81-0.90), sensitivities (92%), and specificities (100%) for estimating microcystin concentrations above or below the Ohio Recreational Public Health Advisory level of 6 mu g L-1 was demonstrated for one site; these statistics may change as more data are collected in subsequent years. This study showed that models could be developed for estimates of exceeding a microcystin threshold concentration at a recreational freshwater lake site, with potential to expand their use to provide relevant public health information to water resource managers and the public for both recreational and drinking waters. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Franey, Donna S.; Brady, Arnie M. G.; Ecker, Christopher D.; Stelzer, Erin A.] US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, 6480 Doubletree Ave, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
[Graham, Jennifer L.; Loftin, Keith A.] US Geol Survey, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, 4821 Quail Crest Pl, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Struffolino, Pamela; Dwyer, Daryl F.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, 6200 Bay Shore Rd, Oregon, OH 43616 USA.
RP Franey, DS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ohio Water Sci Ctr, 6480 Doubletree Ave, Columbus, OH 43229 USA.
EM dsfrancy@usgs.gov
OI Stelzer, Erin/0000-0001-7645-7603
FU Ohio Water Development Authority; U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative
Water Program
FX We gratefully acknowledge the agencies that helped with collecting and
compiling data-Clermont County Soil and Water Conservation District,
Erie County General Health District, Ohio Department of Natural
Resources, Ohio Environmental Protection Agency, the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of
Research and Development. Funding was provided by the Ohio Water
Development Authority and the U.S. Geological Survey Cooperative Water
Program. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
[CG]
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 19
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-9883
EI 1878-1470
J9 HARMFUL ALGAE
JI Harmful Algae
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 58
BP 23
EP 34
DI 10.1016/j.hal.2016.07.003
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DY0MI
UT WOS:000384790500004
PM 28073455
ER
PT J
AU Warwick, PD
Ruppert, LF
AF Warwick, Peter D.
Ruppert, Leslie F.
TI Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of coal and carbon dioxide
derived from laboratory coal combustion: A preliminary study
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Organic-Petrology (TSOP)
CY 2015
CL Yogyakarta, INDONESIA
SP Soc Organ Petrol
DE Coal; Atmospheric coal combustion; Carbon dioxide; Carbon and oxygen
isotopes
ID STABLE HYDROGEN; CO2; AIR; GEOCHEMISTRY; ABUNDANCES; OXIDATION; GASES;
PLANT
AB The concentration" of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere has dramatically increased from the start of the industrial revolution in the mid-1700s to present levels exceeding 400 ppm. Carbon dioxide derived from fossil fuel combustion is a greenhouse gas and a major contributor to on-going climate change. Carbon and oxygen stable isotope geochemistry is a useful tool to help model and predict the contributions of anthropogenic sources of CO2 in the global carbon cycle. Surprisingly few studies have addressed the carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of CO2 derived from coal combustion. The goal of this study is to document the relationships between the carbon and oxygen isotope signatures of coal and signatures of the CO2 produced from laboratory coal combustion in atmospheric conditions.
Six coal samples were selected that represent various geologic ages (Carboniferous to Tertiary) and coal ranks (lignite to bituminous). Duplicate splits of the six coal samples were ignited and partially combusted in the laboratory at atmospheric conditions. The resulting coal-combustion gases were collected and the molecular composition of the collected gases and isotopic analyses of delta C-13 of CO2, delta C-13 of CH4, and delta O-18 of CO2 were analysed by a commercial laboratory. Splits (similar to 1 g) of the un-combusted dried ground coal samples were analyzed for delta C-13 and delta O-18 by the U.S. Geological Survey Reston Stable Isotope Laboratory.
The major findings of this preliminary work indicate that the isotopic signatures of delta C-13 (relative to the Vienna Pee Dee Belemnite scale, VPDB) of CO2 resulting from coal combustion are similar to the delta C-13(VPDB) signature of the bulk coal (-28.46 to -23.86 %.) and are not similar to atmospheric delta C-13(VPDB) of CO2 (similar to -8 %., see http:// www.esrlnoaa.gov/gmd/outreach/isotopes/c13tellsus.html). The 6180 values of bulk coal are strongly correlated to the coal dry ash yields and appear to have little or no influence on the delta O-18 values of CO2 resulting from coal combustion in open atmospheric conditions. There is a wide range of delta C-13 values of coal reported in the literature and the delta C-13 values from this study generally follow reported ranges for higher plants over geologic time. The values of delta O-18 (relative to Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water) of CO2 derived from atmospheric combustion of coal and other high-carbon fuels (peat and coal) range from +19.03 to +27.03%o and are similar to atmospheric oxygen delta O-18(vsmow) values which average +23.8L. Further work is needed on a broader set of samples to better define the relationships between coal composition and combustion-derived gases. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Warwick, Peter D.; Ruppert, Leslie F.] US Geol Survey, MS 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Warwick, PD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 956, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM pwarwick@usgs.gov
NR 42
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-5162
EI 1872-7840
J9 INT J COAL GEOL
JI Int. J. Coal Geol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 166
SI SI
BP 128
EP 135
DI 10.1016/j.coa1.2016.06.009
PG 8
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA EC1AN
UT WOS:000387836000010
ER
PT J
AU Stoker, JM
Abdullah, QA
Nayegandhi, A
Winehouse, J
AF Stoker, Jason M.
Abdullah, Qassim A.
Nayegandhi, Amar
Winehouse, Jayna
TI Evaluation of Single Photon and Geiger Mode Lidar for the 3D Elevation
Program
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE lidar; Geiger-mode; single photon
AB Data acquired by Harris Corporation's (Melbourne, FL, USA) Geiger-mode IntelliEarth sensor and Sigma Space Corporation's (Lanham-Seabrook, MD, USA) Single Photon HRQLS sensor were evaluated and compared to accepted 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) data and survey ground control to assess the suitability of these new technologies for the 3DEP. While not able to collect data currently to meet USGS lidar base specification, this is partially due to the fact that the specification was written for linear-mode systems specifically. With little effort on part of the manufacturers of the new lidar systems and the USGS Lidar specifications team, data from these systems could soon serve the 3DEP program and its users. Many of the shortcomings noted in this study have been reported to have been corrected or improved upon in the next generation sensors.
C1 [Stoker, Jason M.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Abdullah, Qassim A.] Woolpert, Arlington, VA 22206 USA.
[Nayegandhi, Amar] Dewberry Consultants LLC, Fairfax, VA 22031 USA.
[Winehouse, Jayna] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
RP Stoker, JM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jstoker@usgs.gov; Qassim.Abdullah@woolpert.com;
anayegandhi@dewberry.com; jwinehouse@usgs.gov
OI Stoker, Jason/0000-0003-2455-0931
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 9
AR 767
DI 10.3390/rs8090767
PG 16
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DY9XB
UT WOS:000385488000077
ER
PT J
AU Belkin, HE
Rolandi, G
Jackson, JC
Cannatelli, C
Doherty, AL
Petrosino, P
De Vivo, B
AF Belkin, H. E.
Rolandi, G.
Jackson, J. C.
Cannatelli, C.
Doherty, A. L.
Petrosino, P.
De Vivo, B.
TI Mineralogy and geochemistry of the older (> 40 ka) ignimbrites on the
Campanian Plain, southern Italy
SO JOURNAL OF VOLCANOLOGY AND GEOTHERMAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Campanian plain volcanism; Older ignimbrites; Phenocryst mineralogy;
Major; Minor and trace element chemistry
ID CAMPI-FLEGREI CALDERA; NEAPOLITAN-YELLOW-TUFF; EASTERN TYRRHENIAN SEA;
GRANDE-DI-MONTICCHIO; RARE-EARTH-ELEMENTS; PHLEGREAN FIELDS; EXPLOSIVE
ACTIVITY; COMPOSITIONAL DATA; PHLEGRAEAN FIELDS; ERUPTIVE DYNAMICS
AB The Campanian Plain in southern Italy has been volcanically active for at least the last 300 ka. The Campanian Ignimbrite (CI) erupted at 39.3 ka, has a volume of >= 310 km(3) and a great areal extent. However, significant, but scattered deposits of older ignimbrites underlie the CI and document a long history of volcanism. We examined the mineralogy and geochemistry of 11 older ignimbrite strata by optical petrography, electron microprobe, scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction, and various whole-rock geochemical techniques. We have analyzed strata at Durazzano (116.1 ka), Moschiano (184.7 ka), Seiano Valley (245.9 and 289.6 ka), and Taurano Acqua Feconia (157.4, 183.8, 205.6, and 210.4 ka) that have been previously dated on unaltered sanidine. The older ignimbrites are highly altered with loss on ignition (LOI) that ranges from 17 to 8 wt%. Whole-rock compositions reflect variable element mobility during weathering; e.g., CaO is enriched and Na2O depleted relative to hydration. X-ray diffraction identified major chabazite, kaolinite, and illite alteration products in some samples. Rhabdophane-(Nd), usually intergrown with chabazite and Mn-carbonate, indicates that some LREE were also mobilized during weathering. The phenocryst mineralogy is typical for Campanian Plain (CP) magmas and consists of plagioclase (An(88) Ab(11) Or(1) to An(32) Ab(63) Or(5)), potassium feldspar (Or(40) Ab(57) An(3) to Or(79) Ab(18) An(3)), biotite (TiO2 =similar to 4-7 wt%, BaO = up to 2 wt%, F = up to 2 wt%), diopside (Ca47Mg47Fe6 to Ca48Mg23Fe23), and titaniferous magnetite. Relatively immobile trace elements Zr, Hf, Th, Ta, V, and Nb were used to investigate element abundance and ratio compared to the Campanian Ignimbrite and other CP magmas. Zr/Hf of the older ignimbrites is similar to that of the CI, but Ta is depleted relative to Th and V is enriched compared to Cl. Th/Fa and Nb/V distributions for most of the older ignimbrites are similar to those in the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff with the exception of the sample MS-1 from Moschiano that is more evolved and similar to Campanian ignimbrite. All older ignimbrite Zr/Hf (w/w) and many Nb/Ta (w/w) ratios are superchondritic that suggests that the older ignimbrites represent fractional crystallization products of parental magmas generated from enriched mantle without significant addition of continental crust. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Belkin, H. E.] US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 956,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Rolandi, G.; Cannatelli, C.; Doherty, A. L.; Petrosino, P.; De Vivo, B.] Univ Napoli Federico II, DISTAR Dipartimento Sci Terra Ambiente & Risorse, Via Mezzocannone 8, I-80134 Naples, Italy.
[Jackson, J. C.] US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 954,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Belkin, HE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Mail Stop 956,12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM harveybelkin@gmail.com
OI Belkin, Harvey/0000-0001-7879-6529
NR 108
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0377-0273
EI 1872-6097
J9 J VOLCANOL GEOTH RES
JI J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 323
BP 1
EP 18
DI 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2016.05.002
PG 18
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EB2MY
UT WOS:000387197700001
ER
PT J
AU Singh, S
McCord, TB
Combe, JP
Rodriguez, S
Cornet, T
Le Mouelic, S
Clark, RN
Maltagliati, L
Chevrier, VF
AF Singh, S.
McCord, T. B.
Combe, J-Ph.
Rodriguez, S.
Cornet, T.
Le Mouelic, S.
Clark, R. N.
Maltagliati, L.
Chevrier, V. F.
TI ACETYLENE ON TITAN'S SURFACE
SO ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE planets and satellites: atmospheres; planets and satellites:
composition; planets and satellites: detection; planets and satellites:
surfaces; techniques: spectroscopic
ID HUYGENS LANDING SITE; COUPLING PHOTOCHEMISTRY; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION;
HAZE FORMATION; ATMOSPHERE; CASSINI/VIMS; SPECTRA; MODEL; HYDROCARBONS;
DIACETYLENE
AB Titan's atmosphere is opaque in the near-infrared due to gaseous absorptions, mainly by methane, and scattering by aerosols, except in a few "transparency windows." Thus, the composition of Titan's surface remains difficult to access from space and is still poorly constrained. Photochemical models suggest that most of the organic compounds formed in the atmosphere are heavy enough to condense and build up at the surface in liquid and solid states over geological timescales. Acetylene (C2H2) net production in the atmosphere is predicted to be larger than any other compound and C2H2 has been speculated to exist on the surface of Titan. C2H2 was detected as a trace gas sublimated/evaporated from the surface using the Gas Chromatograph Mass Spectrometer after the landing of the Huygens probe. Here we show evidence of C2H2 on the surface of Titan by detecting absorption bands at 1.55 and 4.93 mu m using the Cassini Visual and Infrared Mapping Spectrometer at three different equatorial areas-Tui Regio, eastern Shangri La, and Fensal-Aztlan/Quivira. We found that C2H2 is preferentially detected in lowalbedo areas, such as sand dunes and near the Huygens landing site. The specific location of the v detections suggests that C2H2 is mobilized by surface processes, such as surface weathering by liquids through dissolution/ evaporation processes.
C1 [Singh, S.; McCord, T. B.; Combe, J-Ph.] Bear Fight Inst, 22 Fiddlers Rd, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA.
[Singh, S.; Chevrier, V. F.] Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Ctr Space & Planetary Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Rodriguez, S.; Maltagliati, L.] Univ Paris Diderot, CEA Saclay, CNRS UMR 7158, Lab Astrophys Instrumentat & Modelisat AIM, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Cornet, T.] ESA, ESAC, POB 78, E-28691 Villanueva De La Caada, Madrid, Spain.
[Le Mouelic, S.] Univ Nantes, UMR CNRS 6112, Lab Planetol & Geodynam Nantes, 2 Rue Houssiniere BP92208, Nantes 3, France.
[Clark, R. N.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Singh, S (reprint author), Bear Fight Inst, 22 Fiddlers Rd, Winthrop, WA 98862 USA.; Singh, S (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Ctr Space & Planetary Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM ssingh@bearfightinstitute.com
RI Rodriguez, Sebastien/H-5902-2016;
OI Rodriguez, Sebastien/0000-0003-1219-0641; Le Mouelic,
Stephane/0000-0001-5260-1367
FU NASA Cassini mission; NASA outer planet research grant [NNX10AE10G];
UnivEarthS LabEx program of Sorbonne Paris Cite [ANR-10-LABX-0023,
ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02]; French National Research Agency
[ANR-APOSTIC-11-BS56-002, ANR-12-BS05-001-03/EXO-DUNES]; CNES
FX We acknowledge funding to support this work from the NASA Cassini
mission and NASA outer planet research grant # NNX10AE10G. We also
acknowledge financial support from the UnivEarthS LabEx program of
Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), the
French National Research Agency (ANR-APOSTIC-11-BS56-002 and
ANR-12-BS05-001-03/EXO-DUNES), and the CNES.
NR 43
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD
PI BRISTOL
PA TEMPLE CIRCUS, TEMPLE WAY, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND
SN 0004-637X
EI 1538-4357
J9 ASTROPHYS J
JI Astrophys. J.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 828
IS 1
AR 55
DI 10.3847/0004-637X/828/1/55
PG 8
WC Astronomy & Astrophysics
SC Astronomy & Astrophysics
GA EA8OE
UT WOS:000386894900055
ER
PT J
AU Divoky, GJ
Douglas, DC
Stenhouse, IJ
AF Divoky, G. J.
Douglas, D. C.
Stenhouse, I. J.
TI Arctic sea ice a major determinant in Mandt's black guillemot movement
and distribution during non-breeding season
SO BIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE seabird; Arctic; sea ice; black guillemot; geolocation
AB Mandt's black guillemot (Cepphus grylle mandtii) is one of the few seabirds associated in all seasons with Arctic sea ice, a habitat that is changing rapidly. Recent decreases in summer ice have reduced breeding success and colony size of this species in Arctic Alaska. Little is known about the species' movements and distribution during the nine month non-breeding period (September-May), when changes in sea ice extent and composition are also occurring and predicted to continue. To examine bird movements and the seasonal role of sea ice to non-breeding Mandt's black guillemots, we deployed and recovered (n = 45) geolocators on individuals at a breeding colony in Arctic Alaska during 2011-2015. Black guillemots moved north to the marginal ice zone (MIZ) in the Beaufort and Chukchi seas immediately after breeding, moved south to the Bering Sea during freeze-up in December, and wintered in the Bering Sea January-April. Most birds occupied the MIZ in regions averaging 30-60% sea ice concentration, with little seasonal variation. Birds regularly roosted on ice in all seasons averaging 5 h d(-1), primarily at night. By using the MIZ, with its roosting opportunities and associated prey, black guillemots can remain in the Arctic during winter when littoral waters are completely covered by ice.
C1 [Divoky, G. J.] Friends Cooper Isl, 652 32nd Ave E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Douglas, D. C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 250 Egan Dr, Juneau, AK USA.
[Stenhouse, I. J.] Biodivers Res Inst, 276 Canco Rd, Portland, ME 04103 USA.
RP Divoky, GJ (reprint author), Friends Cooper Isl, 652 32nd Ave E, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM divoky@cooperisland.org
NR 23
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1744-9561
EI 1744-957X
J9 BIOL LETTERS
JI Biol. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 9
AR 20160275
DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0275
PG 5
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA EA5GF
UT WOS:000386646700029
ER
PT J
AU Renner, M
Salo, S
Eisner, LB
Ressler, PH
Ladd, C
Kuletz, KJ
Santora, JA
Piatt, JF
Drew, GS
Hunt, GL
AF Renner, Martin
Salo, Sigrid
Eisner, Lisa B.
Ressler, Patrick H.
Ladd, Carol
Kuletz, Kathy J.
Santora, Jarrod A.
Piatt, John F.
Drew, Gary S.
Hunt, George L., Jr.
TI Timing of ice retreat alters seabird abundances and distributions in the
southeast Bering Sea
SO BIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; sea ice; seabirds at sea; fisheries; zooplankton;
walleye pollock
ID POLLOCK THERAGRA-CHALCOGRAMMA; PRIBILOF ISLANDS; WALLEYE POLLOCK; FUTURE
CLIMATE; EASTERN; RECRUITMENT; ECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS; IMPACTS; SHELF
AB Timing of spring sea-ice retreat shapes the southeast Bering Sea food web. We compared summer seabird densities and average bathymetry depth distributions between years with early (typically warm) and late (typically cold) ice retreat. Averaged over all seabird species, densities in early-ice retreat-years were 10.1% (95% CI: 1.1-47.9%) of that in late-ice-retreat-years. In early-ice-retreat-years, surface-foraging species had increased numbers over the middle shelf (50-150 m) and reduced numbers over the shelf slope (200-500 m). Pursuit-diving seabirds showed a less clear trend. Euphausiids and the copepod Calanus marshallae/glacialis were 2.4 and 18.1 times less abundant in early-ice-retreat-years, respectively, whereas age-0 walleye pollock Gadus chalcogrammus near-surface densities were 51x higher in early-ice-retreat-years. Our results suggest a mechanistic understanding of how present and future changes in sea-ice-retreat timing may affect top predators like seabirds in the southeastern Bering Sea.
C1 [Renner, Martin] Tern Again Consulting, 811 Ocean Dr Loop, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
[Salo, Sigrid; Ladd, Carol] NOAA, Pacific Marine Environm Lab, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Eisner, Lisa B.; Ressler, Patrick H.] NOAA, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Kuletz, Kathy J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Santora, Jarrod A.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, 110 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Piatt, John F.; Drew, Gary S.] US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Hunt, George L., Jr.] Univ Washington, POB 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Renner, M (reprint author), Tern Again Consulting, 811 Ocean Dr Loop, Homer, AK 99603 USA.
EM ccc4f4b0@opayq.com
FU North Pacific Research Board (NPRB project) [637, B64, 1408]; BOEM
[AK-10-10]
FX Funding for the analyses of these data was provided by a grant from the
North Pacific Research Board (NPRB project number-#637, B64, #1408) to
G.L.H., M.R., J.S., L.E. and K.J.K., and BOEM AK-10-10 to K.J.K., and
represents EcoFOCI contribution #EcoFoci-0865 and PMEL contribution
#4465. Support in kind was provided by the University of Washington, the
University of California, Santa Cruz, the NOAA Pacific Environmental
Laboratory, the NOAA Alaska Fisheries Science Center, the US Geological
Survey, and the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1744-9561
EI 1744-957X
J9 BIOL LETTERS
JI Biol. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 9
AR 20160276
DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0276
PG 7
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA EA5GF
UT WOS:000386646700027
ER
PT J
AU Namiki, A
Ueno, Y
Hurwitz, S
Manga, M
Munoz-Saez, C
Murphy, F
AF Namiki, Atsuko
Ueno, Yoshinori
Hurwitz, Shaul
Manga, Michael
Munoz-Saez, Carolina
Murphy, Fred
TI An experimental study of the role of subsurface plumbing on geothermal
discharge
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE plumbing system; eruption styles; geyser; fumarole; boiling spring; hot
spring
ID OLD FAITHFUL GEYSER; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; BUBBLE COLLAPSE; SOLID
BOUNDARY; 2-PHASE FLOW; EL TATIO; ERUPTION; DYNAMICS; SYSTEM; TREMOR
AB In order to better understand the diverse discharge styles and eruption intervals observed at geothermal features, we performed three series of laboratory experiments with differing plumbing geometries. A single, straight conduit that connects a hot water bath (flask) to a vent (funnel) can originate geyser-like periodic eruptions, continuous discharge like a boiling spring, and fumarole-like steam discharge, depending on the conduit length and radius. The balance between the heat loss from the conduit walls and the heat supplied from the bottom determines whether and where water can condense which in turn controls discharge style. Next, we connected the conduit to a cold water reservoir through a branch, simulating the inflow from an external water source. Colder water located at a higher elevation than a branching point can flow into the conduit to stop the boiling in the flask, controlling the periodicity of the eruption. When an additional branch is connected to a second cold water reservoir, the two cold reservoirs can interact. Our experiments show that branching allows new processes to occur, such as recharge of colder water and escape of steam from side channels, leading to greater variation in discharge styles and eruption intervals. This model is consistent with the fact that eruption duration is not controlled by emptying reservoirs. We show how differences in plumbing geometries can explain various discharge styles and eruption intervals observed in El Tatio, Chile, and Yellowstone, USA.
C1 [Namiki, Atsuko; Ueno, Yoshinori] Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Integrated Arts & Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Higashihiroshima, Japan.
[Hurwitz, Shaul; Murphy, Fred] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Manga, Michael; Munoz-Saez, Carolina] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Namiki, A (reprint author), Hiroshima Univ, Grad Sch Integrated Arts & Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Higashihiroshima, Japan.
EM namiki@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
RI Namiki, Atsuko/F-6711-2015
OI Namiki, Atsuko/0000-0002-1321-3780
FU Mitsubishi Foundation [27132]; US NSF [1114184]; [KAKENHI24681035]
FX We thank geyser observation team in the El Tatio and Yellowstone, and
the native communities of Caspana and Toconce that gave us access to El
Tatio. Maxwell L. Rudolph kindly read former version of this manuscript.
Eric King provided pictures in Figures 14 and 15, and Supporting
Information Movies 5 and 6. Helpful comments by Susan Kieffer, Noah
Randolph-Flagg, and an anonymous reviewer greatly improved this
manuscript. Supporting data are included as six movies any additional
data are obtained from AN (e-mail: namiki@hiroshima-u.ac.jp). Financial
support was provided by the KAKENHI24681035, the Mitsubishi Foundation
27132, and the US NSF 1114184. The work in Yellowstone National Park was
carried out under research permit 5826.
NR 65
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 9
BP 3691
EP 3716
DI 10.1002/2016GC006472
PG 26
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EA8ZM
UT WOS:000386929500011
ER
PT J
AU Jochum, KP
Weis, U
Schwager, B
Stoll, B
Wilson, SA
Haug, GH
Andreae, MO
Enzweiler, J
AF Jochum, Klaus Peter
Weis, Ulrike
Schwager, Beate
Stoll, Brigitte
Wilson, Stephen A.
Haug, Gerald H.
Andreae, Meinrat O.
Enzweiler, Jacinta
TI Reference Values Following ISO Guidelines for Frequently Requested Rock
Reference Materials
SO GEOSTANDARDS AND GEOANALYTICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE reference material; reference value; ISO; certification protocol; rock
reference materials
ID ELEMENTAL CONCENTRATION DATA; ENVIRONMENTAL REFERENCE MATERIALS;
ASSOCIATION-OF-GEOANALYSTS; MC-ICP-MS; INTERNATIONAL-ASSOCIATION; 1988
COMPILATION; REFERENCE SAMPLES; CERTIFICATION; STANDARDS; FRACTIONATION
AB We present new reference values for nineteen USGS, GSJ and GIT-IWG rock reference materials that belong to the most accessed samples of the GeoReM database. The determination of the reference values and their uncertainties at the 95% confidence level follows as closely as possible ISO guidelines and the Certification Protocol of the International Association of Geoanalysts. We used analytical data obtained by the state-of-the-art techniques published mainly in the last 20 years and available in GeoReM. The data are grouped into four categories of different levels of metrological confidence, starting with isotope dilution mass spectrometry as a primary method. Data quality was checked by careful investigation of analytical procedures and by the application of the Horwitz function. As a result, we assign a new and more reliable set of reference values and respective uncertainties for major, minor and a large group of trace elements of the nineteen investigated rock reference materials.
C1 [Jochum, Klaus Peter; Weis, Ulrike; Schwager, Beate; Stoll, Brigitte; Andreae, Meinrat O.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
[Jochum, Klaus Peter; Weis, Ulrike; Schwager, Beate; Stoll, Brigitte; Haug, Gerald H.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
[Wilson, Stephen A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25016,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Enzweiler, Jacinta] Univ Estadual Campinas, UNICAMP, Inst Geosci, POB 6152, BR-13083970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
RP Jochum, KP (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.; Jochum, KP (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
EM k.jochum@mpic.de
RI Andreae, Meinrat/B-1068-2008
OI Andreae, Meinrat/0000-0003-1968-7925
NR 41
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1639-4488
EI 1751-908X
J9 GEOSTAND GEOANAL RES
JI Geostand. Geoanal. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 333
EP 350
DI 10.1111/j.1751-908X.2015.00392.x
PG 18
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EA4JB
UT WOS:000386576600003
ER
PT J
AU Westhoff, JT
Rosenberger, AE
AF Westhoff, J. T.
Rosenberger, A. E.
TI A global review of freshwater crayfish temperature tolerance,
preference, and optimal growth
SO REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES
LA English
DT Review
DE Thermal ecology; Temperature preference; Temperature tolerance; Optimal
growth; Acclimation; Crayfish
ID DETERMINING THERMAL TOLERANCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; ORCONECTES-RUSTICUS;
UNITED-STATES; CHERAX-QUADRICARINATUS; HEAT-TOLERANCE; BEHAVIORAL
THERMOREGULATION; PACIFASTACUS-LENIUSCULUS; PARANEPHROPS-ZEALANDICUS;
SALVELINUS-ALPINUS
AB Conservation efforts, environmental planning, and management must account for ongoing ecosystem alteration due to a changing climate, introduced species, and shifting land use. This type of management can be facilitated by an understanding of the thermal ecology of aquatic organisms. However, information on thermal ecology for entire taxonomic groups is rarely compiled or summarized, and reviews of the science can facilitate its advancement. Crayfish are one of the most globally threatened taxa, and ongoing declines and extirpation could have serious consequences on aquatic ecosystem function due to their significant biomass and ecosystem roles. Our goal was to review the literature on thermal ecology for freshwater crayfish worldwide, with emphasis on studies that estimated temperature tolerance, temperature preference, or optimal growth. We also explored relationships between temperature metrics and species distributions. We located 56 studies containing information for at least one of those three metrics, which covered approximately 6 % of extant crayfish species worldwide. Information on one or more metrics existed for all 3 genera of Astacidae, 4 of the 12 genera of Cambaridae, and 3 of the 15 genera of Parastacidae. Investigations employed numerous methodological approaches for estimating these parameters, which restricts comparisons among and within species. The only statistically significant relationship we observed between a temperature metric and species range was a negative linear relationship between absolute latitude and optimal growth temperature. We recommend expansion of studies examining the thermal ecology of freshwater crayfish and identify and discuss methodological approaches that can improve standardization and comparability among studies.
C1 [Westhoff, J. T.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Rosenberger, A. E.] Univ Missouri, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 302 ABNR Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Westhoff, J. T.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Cent Reg Off, 3500 E Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Westhoff, J. T.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Conservat Res Ctr, 3500 E Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Westhoff, JT (reprint author), Missouri Dept Conservat, Cent Reg Off, 3500 E Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.; Westhoff, JT (reprint author), Missouri Dept Conservat, Conservat Res Ctr, 3500 E Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM Jacob.Westhoff@mdc.mo.gov
FU Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S.
Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX The Missouri Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
sponsored by the Missouri Department of Conservation, the University of
Missouri, the U.S. Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Any use of trade,
produce or firm name is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank D. Magoulick and two
anonymous reviewers for comments that improved this manuscript.
NR 132
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3166
EI 1573-5184
J9 REV FISH BIOL FISHER
JI Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 3
BP 329
EP 349
DI 10.1007/s11160-016-9430-5
PG 21
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EA3NA
UT WOS:000386508400005
ER
PT J
AU Lorenzen, K
Cowx, IG
Entsua-Mensah, REM
Lester, NP
Koehn, JD
Randall, RG
So, N
Bonar, SA
Bunnell, DB
Venturelli, P
Bower, SD
Cooke, SJ
AF Lorenzen, K.
Cowx, I. G.
Entsua-Mensah, R. E. M.
Lester, N. P.
Koehn, J. D.
Randall, R. G.
So, N.
Bonar, S. A.
Bunnell, D. B.
Venturelli, P.
Bower, S. D.
Cooke, S. J.
TI Stock assessment in inland fisheries: a foundation for sustainable use
and conservation
SO REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES
LA English
DT Review
DE Assessment tools; Fisheries management; Inland fisheries; Sustainable
fisheries
ID BIOLOGICAL REFERENCE POINTS; POTENTIAL FISH PRODUCTION; FRESH-WATER
BIODIVERSITY; SMALL-SCALE FISHERIES; MURRAY-DARLING BASIN; DATA-POOR
FISHERIES; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; LIFE-HISTORY; LAKE WHITEFISH;
RECREATIONAL FISHERIES
AB Fisheries stock assessments are essential for science-based fisheries management. Inland fisheries pose challenges, but also provide opportunities for biological assessments that differ from those encountered in large marine fisheries for which many of our assessment methods have been developed. These include the number and diversity of fisheries, high levels of ecological and environmental variation, and relative lack of institutional capacity for assessment. In addition, anthropogenic impacts on habitats, widespread presence of non-native species and the frequent use of enhancement and restoration measures such as stocking affect stock dynamics. This paper outlines various stock assessment and data collection approaches that can be adapted to a wide range of different inland fisheries and management challenges. Although this paper identifies challenges in assessment, it focuses on solutions that are practical, scalable and transferrable. A path forward is suggested in which biological assessment generates some of the critical information needed by fisheries managers to make effective decisions that benefit the resource and stakeholders.
C1 [Lorenzen, K.] Univ Florida, Sch Forest Resource & Conservat, Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Cowx, I. G.] Univ Hull, Hull Int Fisheries Inst, Kingston Upon Hull, N Humberside, England.
[Entsua-Mensah, R. E. M.] CSIR, Water Res Inst, Accra, Ghana.
[Lester, N. P.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Sci & Res Branch, Peterborough, ON, Canada.
[Koehn, J. D.] Arthur Rylah Inst Environm Res, Appl Aquat Ecol, Heidelberg, Vic, Australia.
[Randall, R. G.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Canadian Ctr Inland Waters, Great Lakes Lab Aquat Sci, Burlington, ON, Canada.
[So, N.] Mekong River Commiss, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
[Bonar, S. A.] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Bunnell, D. B.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Venturelli, P.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Bower, S. D.; Cooke, S. J.] Carleton Univ, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Bower, S. D.; Cooke, S. J.] Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
RP Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Fish Ecol & Conservat Physiol Lab, Dept Biol, Ottawa, ON, Canada.; Cooke, SJ (reprint author), Carleton Univ, Inst Environm Sci, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
EM Steven.Cooke@carleton.ca
FU Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission; Canada Research
Chairs program; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada; Carleton University; Social Sciences and Humanities Research
Council via the Too Big to Ignore Network
FX This paper evolved from the discussions at the Biological Assessment
Panel of the UN FAO/Michigan State University World Inland Fisheries
Conference. We acknowledge the vision of William Taylor, Devin Bartley
and other members of the organizing committee in putting this meeting
together. Lorenzen is partially supported by the Florida Fish and
Wildlife Conservation Commission. Cooke is supported by the Canada
Research Chairs program, the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research
Council of Canada and Carleton University. Cooke and Bower are further
supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council via the
Too Big to Ignore Network. This article is Contribution 2049 of the U.S.
Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 250
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3166
EI 1573-5184
J9 REV FISH BIOL FISHER
JI Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 3
BP 405
EP 440
DI 10.1007/s11160-016-9435-0
PG 36
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EA3NA
UT WOS:000386508400008
ER
PT J
AU Hansen, MJ
Madenjian, CP
Slade, JW
Steeves, TB
Almeida, PR
Quintella, BR
AF Hansen, Michael J.
Madenjian, Charles P.
Slade, Jeffrey W.
Steeves, Todd B.
Almeida, Pedro R.
Quintella, Bernardo R.
TI Population ecology of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) as an
invasive species in the Laurentian Great Lakes and an imperiled species
in Europe
SO REVIEWS IN FISH BIOLOGY AND FISHERIES
LA English
DT Review
DE Sea lamprey; Population ecology; Management; Conservation
ID SOUTH SWEDISH STREAM; LAMPETRA-FLUVIATILIS; HABITAT SELECTION; LARVAL
LAMPREYS; NORTH-AMERICAN; BROOK LAMPREY; INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT;
POTENTIAL APPLICATION; RECRUITMENT DYNAMICS; MIGRATORY PHEROMONE
AB The sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus (Linnaeus) is both an invasive non-native species in the Laurentian Great Lakes of North America and an imperiled species in much of its native range in North America and Europe. To compare and contrast how understanding of population ecology is useful for control programs in the Great Lakes and restoration programs in Europe, we review current understanding of the population ecology of the sea lamprey in its native and introduced range. Some attributes of sea lamprey population ecology are particularly useful for both control programs in the Great Lakes and restoration programs in the native range. First, traps within fish ladders are beneficial for removing sea lampreys in Great Lakes streams and passing sea lampreys in the native range. Second, attractants and repellants are suitable for luring sea lampreys into traps for control in the Great Lakes and guiding sea lamprey passage for conservation in the native range. Third, assessment methods used for targeting sea lamprey control in the Great Lakes are useful for targeting habitat protection in the native range. Last, assessment methods used to quantify numbers of all life stages of sea lampreys would be appropriate for measuring success of control in the Great Lakes and success of conservation in the native range.
C1 [Hansen, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Madenjian, Charles P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Steeves, Todd B.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
[Almeida, Pedro R.] Univ Evora, Dept Biol, Escola Ciencias & Tecnol, MARE Ctr Ciencias Mar & Ambiente, P-7004516 Evora, Portugal.
[Quintella, Bernardo R.] Univ Nova Lisboa, Dept Biol Anim, Fac Ciencias, MARE Ctr Ciencias Mar & Ambiente, P-1749016 Lisbon, Portugal.
RP Hansen, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
EM michaelhansen@usgs.gov; cmadenjian@usgs.gov; 17slade17@gmail.com;
Mike.Steeves@dfo-mpo.gc.ca; pmra@uevora.pt; bsquintella@fc.ul.pt
OI Hansen, Michael/0000-0001-8522-3876; Almeida, Pedro/0000-0002-2776-5420
NR 232
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 32
U2 32
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0960-3166
EI 1573-5184
J9 REV FISH BIOL FISHER
JI Rev. Fish. Biol. Fish.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 3
BP 509
EP 535
DI 10.1007/s11160-016-9440-3
PG 27
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA EA3NA
UT WOS:000386508400012
ER
PT J
AU Maloney, KO
Cole, JC
Schmid, M
AF Maloney, K. O.
Cole, J. C.
Schmid, M.
TI Predicting Thermally Stressful Events in Rivers with a Strategy to
Evaluate Management Alternatives
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE river temperature; bias-reduced generalized linear model; thermally
stressful event; fish
ID WATER TEMPERATURE; STREAM TEMPERATURES; DELAWARE RIVER; FLOW SCENARIOS;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; REGIME; DAM; FISH; HABITAT; COMMUNITIES
AB Water temperature is an important factor in river ecology. Numerous models have been developed to predict river temperature. However, many were not designed to predict thermally stressful periods. Because such events are rare, traditionally applied analyses are inappropriate. Here, we developed two logistic regression models to predict thermally stressful events in the Delaware River at the US Geological Survey gage near Lordville, New York. One model predicted the probability of an event >20.0 degrees C, and a second predicted an event >22.2 degrees C. Both models were strong (independent test data sensitivity 0.94 and 1.00, specificity 0.96 and 0.96) predicting 63 of 67 events in the >20.0 degrees C model and all 15 events in the >22.2 degrees C model. Both showed negative relationships with released volume from the upstream Cannonsville Reservoir and positive relationships with difference between air temperature and previous day's water temperature at Lordville. We further predicted how increasing release volumes from Cannonsville Reservoir affected the probabilities of correctly predicted events. For the >20.0 degrees C model, an increase of 0.5 to a proportionally adjusted release (that accounts for other sources) resulted in 35.9% of events in the training data falling below cutoffs; increasing this adjustment by 1.0 resulted in 81.7% falling below cutoffs. For the >22.2 degrees C these adjustments resulted in 71.1% and 100.0% of events falling below cutoffs. Results from these analyses can help managers make informed decisions on alternative release scenarios. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Maloney, K. O.; Cole, J. C.] USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
[Schmid, M.] Univ Bonn, Dept Med Biometry, Bonn, Germany.
RP Maloney, KO (reprint author), USGS Leetown Sci Ctr, Northern Appalachian Res Lab, Wellsboro, PA 16901 USA.
EM kmaloney@usgs.gov
FU US Department of the Interior's WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America's
Resources for Tomorrow) Program; US Geological Survey's National Water
Census
FX Support for this project was provided by the US Department of the
Interior's WaterSMART (Sustain and Manage America's Resources for
Tomorrow) Program and the US Geological Survey's National Water Census.
Use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 7
BP 1428
EP 1437
DI 10.1002/rra.2998
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DW5SF
UT WOS:000383706500002
ER
PT J
AU Hatten, JR
Batt, TR
Skalicky, JJ
Engle, R
Barton, GJ
Fosness, RL
Warren, J
AF Hatten, J. R.
Batt, T. R.
Skalicky, J. J.
Engle, R.
Barton, G. J.
Fosness, R. L.
Warren, J.
TI Effects of Dam Removal on Tule Fall Chinook salmon Spawning Habitat in
the White Salmon River, Washington
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE dam breach; Chinook salmon; White Salmon River; GIS; habitat
ID ELWHA RIVER; SCALE; COLUMBIA; FLOW; RUN
AB Condit Dam is one of the largest hydroelectric dams ever removed in the USA. Breached in a single explosive event in October 2011, hundreds-of-thousands of cubic metres of sediment washed down the White Salmon River onto spawning grounds of a threatened species, Columbia River tule fall Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha. We investigated over a 3-year period (2010-2012) how dam breaching affected channel morphology, river hydraulics, sediment composition and tule fall Chinook salmon (hereafter tule salmon') spawning habitat in the lower 1.7km of the White Salmon River (project area). As expected, dam breaching dramatically affected channel morphology and spawning habitat due to a large load of sediment released from Northwestern Lake. Forty-two per cent of the project area that was previously covered in water was converted into islands or new shoreline, while a large pool near the mouth filled with sediments and a delta formed at the mouth. A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model revealed that pool area decreased 68.7% in the project area, while glides and riffles increased 659% and 530%, respectively. A spatially explicit habitat model found the mean probability of spawning habitat increased 46.2% after dam breaching due to an increase in glides and riffles. Shifting channels and bank instability continue to negatively affect some spawning habitat as sediments continue to wash downstream from former Northwestern Lake, but 300m of new spawning habitat (river kilometre 0.6 to 0.9) that formed immediately post-breach has persisted into 2015. Less than 10% of tule salmon have spawned upstream of the former dam site to date, but the run sizes appear healthy and stable. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Hatten, J. R.; Batt, T. R.; Warren, J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
[Skalicky, J. J.; Engle, R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Barton, G. J.; Fosness, R. L.] US Geol Survey, Idaho Water Sci Ctr, Boise, ID USA.
RP Hatten, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, 5501A Cook Underwood Rd, Cook, WA 98605 USA.
EM jhatten@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Science Support
Partnership (SSP)
FX The U.S. Geological Survey, Biological Resources Division, Science
Support Partnership (SSP) funded this project through research needs
identified by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The findings and
conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not
represent the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We also thank six
anonymous reviewers for providing useful comments that greatly improved
this paper, and Doug Olson for supporting this work. Any use of trade,
firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement of the US Government.
NR 41
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 23
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 7
BP 1481
EP 1492
DI 10.1002/rra.2982
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DW5SF
UT WOS:000383706500006
ER
PT J
AU Allen, Y
AF Allen, Y.
TI Landscape Scale Assessment of Floodplain Inundation Frequency Using
Landsat Imagery
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE inundation; frequency; Landsat; landscape; remote sensing; floodplain
ID LOWER MISSISSIPPI RIVER; WETLAND INUNDATION; LOUISIANA SWAMP; FLOW
REGIME; TM DATA; FISH; CONNECTIVITY; GROWTH; MODELS; SITES
AB In large river ecosystems, the timing, extent, duration and frequency of floodplain inundation greatly affect the quality of fish and wildlife habitat and the supply of important ecosystem goods and services. Seasonal high flows provide connectivity from the river to the floodplain, and seasonal inundation of the floodplain governs ecosystem structure and function. River regulation and other forms of hydrologic alteration have altered the connectivity of many rivers with their adjacent floodplain - impacting the function of wetlands on the floodplain and in turn, impacting the mainstem river function. Conservation and management of remaining floodplain resources can be improved through a better understanding of the spatial extent and frequency of inundation at scales that are relevant to the species and/or ecological processes of interest. Spatial data products describing dynamic aspects floodplain inundation are, however, not widely available. This study used Landsat imagery to generate multiple observations of inundation extent under varying hydrologic conditions to estimate inundation frequency. Inundation extent was estimated for 50 Landsat scenes and 1334 total images within the Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks Landscape Conservation Cooperative (GCPO LCC), a conservation science partnership working in a 730000-km(2) region in the south central USA. These data were composited into a landscape mosaic to depict relative inundation frequency over the entire GCPO LCC. An analytical methodology is presented for linking the observed inundation extent and frequency with long-term gage measurements so that the outcomes may be useful in defining meaningful critical thresholds for a variety of floodplain dependent organisms as well as important ecological processes. Published 2015. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA
C1 [Allen, Y.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 243 Parker Coliseum, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Allen, Y (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 243 Parker Coliseum, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM yvonne_allen@fws.gov
FU Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks Landscape Conservation Cooperative
FX This project was supported by the Gulf Coastal Plains and Ozarks
Landscape Conservation Cooperative. Thoughtful reviews provided by R.
Keim, M. Osland, N. Enwright, M. Mitchell and two anonymous reviewers
greatly improved earlier versions of this manuscript.
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1535-1459
EI 1535-1467
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 7
BP 1609
EP 1620
DI 10.1002/rra.2987
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DW5SF
UT WOS:000383706500017
ER
PT J
AU Nauman, TW
Duniway, MC
AF Nauman, Travis W.
Duniway, Michael C.
TI The Automated Reference Toolset: A Soil-Geomorphic Ecological Potential
Matching Algorithm
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; GUIDE FOREST RESTORATION; TRANSITION MODELS;
LAND MANAGEMENT; SEMIAUTOMATED DISAGGREGATION; CLASSIFICATION TREES;
SONORAN DESERT; MAP UNITS; FRAMEWORK; EVOLUTION
AB Ecological inventory and monitoring data need referential context for interpretation. Identification of appropriate reference areas of similar ecological potential for site comparison is demonstrated using a newly developed automated reference toolset (ART). Foundational to identification of reference areas was a soil map of particle size in the control section (PSCS), a theme in US Soil Taxonomy. A 30-m resolution PSCS map of the Colorado Plateau (366,000 km(2)) was created by interpolating similar to 5000 field soil observations using a random forest model and a suite of raster environmental spatial layers representing topography, climate, general ecological community, and satellite imagery ratios. The PSCS map had overall out of bag accuracy of 61.8% (Kappa of 0.54, p < 0.0001), and an independent validation accuracy of 93.2% at a set of 356 field plots along the southern edge of Canyonlands National Park, Utah. The ART process was also tested at these plots, and matched plots with the same ecological sites (ESs) 67% of the time where sites fell within 2-km buffers of each other. These results show that the PSCS and ART have strong application for ecological monitoring and sampling design, as well as assessing impacts of disturbance and land management action using an ecological potential framework. Results also demonstrate that PSCS could be a key mapping layer for the USDA-NRCS provisional ES development initiative.
C1 [Nauman, Travis W.; Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 SW Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Nauman, TW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2290 SW Resource Blvd, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
EM tnauman@usgs.gov
OI Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785
FU US Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Sciences Program; Ecosystem
Mission Area
FX Funding for this work was provided by the US Geological Survey Priority
Ecosystems Sciences Program and Ecosystem Mission Area. We thank Keith
Crossman, Mark Miller, and Jamin Johanson for providing data and input
on soil-ecological relationships. We acknowledge the work and
persistence of the National Collaborative Soil Survey field soil
scientists represented in the NASIS dataset, and thank the USDA-NRCS
National Soil Survey-Geospatial Research Unit at West Virginia
University for providing access to NASIS. We thank Sharon Waltman, Henry
Ferguson, and Skye Wills of the USDA-NRCS for their guidance in working
with the NASIS database snapshot. Use of trade, product, or firm names
is for information purposes only and does not constitute an endorsement
by the US Government.
NR 88
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
EI 1435-0661
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 5
BP 1317
EP 1328
DI 10.2136/sssaj2016.05.0151
PG 12
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA EA2YQ
UT WOS:000386463900019
ER
PT J
AU Kronholm, SC
Capel, PD
AF Kronholm, Scott C.
Capel, Paul D.
TI Estimation of time-variable fast flow path chemical concentrations for
application in tracer-based hydrograph separation analyses
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrograph separation; base flow separation; mixing model;
high-frequency water quality data; time-variable end-member
concentration
ID MODELING STREAMWATER CHEMISTRY; SOILWATER END-MEMBERS; WATER CHEMISTRY;
BASEFLOW INDEX; NITRATE FLUXES; MIXING MODELS; STORM RUNOFF;
RIVER-BASIN; CATCHMENT; USA
AB Mixing models are a commonly used method for hydrograph separation, but can be hindered by the subjective choice of the end-member tracer concentrations. This work tests a new variant of mixing model that uses high-frequency measures of two tracers and streamflow to separate total streamflow into water from slowflow and fastflow sources. The ratio between the concentrations of the two tracers is used to create a time-variable estimate of the concentration of each tracer in the fastflow end-member. Multiple synthetic data sets, and data from two hydrologically diverse streams, are used to test the performance and limitations of the new model (two-tracer ratio-based mixing model: TRaMM). When applied to the synthetic streams under many different scenarios, the TRaMM produces results that were reasonable approximations of the actual values of fastflow discharge (0.1% of maximum fastflow) and fastflow tracer concentrations (9.5% and 16% of maximum fastflow nitrate concentration and specific conductance, respectively). With real stream data, the TRaMM produces high-frequency estimates of slowflow and fastflow discharge that align with expectations for each stream based on their respective hydrologic settings. The use of two tracers with the TRaMM provides an innovative and objective approach for estimating high-frequency fastflow concentrations and contributions of fastflow water to the stream. This provides useful information for tracking chemical movement to streams and allows for better selection and implementation of water quality management strategies.
C1 [Kronholm, Scott C.] Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Capel, Paul D.] Univ Minnesota, US Geol Survey, Minneapolis, MN USA.
RP Kronholm, SC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Water Resources Sci, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM kron0108@umn.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment Program;
University of Minnesota Water Resources Science program
FX We would like to acknowledge the support of the U.S. Geological Survey
National Water-Quality Assessment Program and the University of
Minnesota Water Resources Science program. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. Synthetic data sets and new code
used in this paper are available in the supporting information,
supporting information data sets S1-S3. The data and other information
used to support this work can be found at
http://dx.doi.org/10.5066/F71R6NMQ.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 9
BP 6881
EP 6896
DI 10.1002/2016WR018797
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA EA9QC
UT WOS:000386977900010
ER
PT J
AU Kennedy, J
Ferre, TPA
Creutzfeldt, B
AF Kennedy, Jeffrey
Ferre, Ty P. A.
Creutzfeldt, Benjamin
TI Time-lapse gravity data for monitoring and modeling artificial recharge
through a thick unsaturated zone
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE gravity; microgravity; time-lapse gravity; hydrogeophysics; artificial
recharge
ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; STORAGE CHANGE; WATER STORAGE; MODFLOW-UZF; AQUIFERS;
STABILITY
AB Groundwater-level measurements in monitoring wells or piezometers are the most common, and often the only, hydrologic measurements made at artificial recharge facilities. Measurements of gravity change over time provide an additional source of information about changes in groundwater storage, infiltration, and for model calibration. We demonstrate that for an artificial recharge facility with a deep groundwater table, gravity data are more sensitive to movement of water through the unsaturated zone than are groundwater levels. Groundwater levels have a delayed response to infiltration, change in a similar manner at many potential monitoring locations, and are heavily influenced by high-frequency noise induced by pumping; in contrast, gravity changes start immediately at the onset of infiltration and are sensitive to water in the unsaturated zone. Continuous gravity data can determine infiltration rate, and the estimate is only minimally affected by uncertainty in water-content change. Gravity data are also useful for constraining parameters in a coupled groundwater-unsaturated zone model (Modflow-NWT model with the Unsaturated Zone Flow (UZF) package).
C1 [Kennedy, Jeffrey] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Kennedy, Jeffrey; Ferre, Ty P. A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Creutzfeldt, Benjamin] Senate Dept Urban Dev & Environm, Berlin, Germany.
RP Kennedy, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jkennedy@usgs.gov
FU USGS Groundwater Resources Program; NSF [EAR-1246619]; Arizona Water,
Environmental, and Energy Solutions program
FX The project was made possible by the helpful cooperation of Tucson
Water, and in particular Dick Thompson. Their continued assistance with
this and other projects has made the Avra Valley recharge facilities
world-class research sites. Instrumentation loans by GWR Instruments,
Inc., Micro-g Lacoste, Inc., and the German Research Centre for
Geosciences are gratefully acknowledged. Dan Winester, National Geodetic
Survey, provided FG-5 absolute gravity measurements. Dan Trail and
Robert Hull assisted with field work. The project was supported by the
USGS Groundwater Resources Program, NSF grant EAR-1246619 and the
Arizona Water, Environmental, and Energy Solutions program. Donald Pool
and Bruce Gungle, USGS, provided helpful comments on a draft version of
the paper, as did anonymous journal reviewers. Data and models presented
in the paper are available at http://go.usa.gov/cPnhd.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 9
BP 7244
EP 7261
DI 10.1002/2016WR018770
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA EA9QC
UT WOS:000386977900031
ER
PT J
AU Lundquist, JD
Roche, JW
Forrester, H
Moore, C
Keenan, E
Perry, G
Cristea, N
Henn, B
Lapo, K
McGurk, B
Cayan, DR
Dettinger, MD
AF Lundquist, Jessica D.
Roche, James W.
Forrester, Harrison
Moore, Courtney
Keenan, Eric
Perry, Gwyneth
Cristea, Nicoleta
Henn, Brian
Lapo, Karl
McGurk, Bruce
Cayan, Daniel R.
Dettinger, Michael D.
TI Yosemite Hydroclimate Network: Distributed stream and atmospheric data
for the Tuolumne River watershed and surroundings
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE streamflow
ID SIERRA-NEVADA; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; RATING CURVES; UNITED-STATES; SNOW
COVER; CALIFORNIA; SURFACE; TEMPERATURE; BASIN; SYSTEM
AB Regions of complex topography and remote wilderness terrain have spatially varying patterns of temperature and streamflow, but due to inherent difficulties of access, are often very poorly sampled. Here we present a data set of distributed stream stage, streamflow, stream temperature, barometric pressure, and air temperature from the Tuolumne River Watershed in Yosemite National Park, Sierra Nevada, California, USA, for water years 2002-2015, as well as a quality-controlled hourly meteorological forcing time series for use in hydrologic modeling. We also provide snow data and daily inflow to the Hetch Hetchy Reservoir for 1970-2015. This paper describes data collected using low-visibility and low-impact installations for wilderness locations and can be used alone or as a critical supplement to ancillary data sets collected by cooperating agencies, referenced herein. This data set provides a unique opportunity to understand spatial patterns and scaling of hydroclimatic processes in complex terrain and can be used to evaluate downscaling techniques or distributed modeling. The paper also provides an example methodology and lessons learned in conducting hydroclimatic monitoring in remote wilderness.
C1 [Lundquist, Jessica D.; Keenan, Eric; Perry, Gwyneth; Cristea, Nicoleta; Henn, Brian; Lapo, Karl] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Roche, James W.; Forrester, Harrison] Natl Pk Serv, Yosemite, CA USA.
[Moore, Courtney] Northwest Hydraul Consultants, Seattle, WA USA.
[McGurk, Bruce] McGurk Hydrol, Orinda, CA USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Cayan, Daniel R.; Dettinger, Michael D.] US Geol Survey, Reno, NV USA.
RP Lundquist, JD (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jdlund@u.washington.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0729830]; NASA [NNX15AB29G]
FX The installation, maintenance, and quality-control of these sites and
data have involved the work of many dedicated individuals. In addition
to the coauthors we thank Brian Huggett, Larry Riddle, Heidi Roop, Josh
Baccei, Julia Dettinger, Fred Lott, Andrey Shcherbina, Steve Loheide,
Chris Lowrey, Douglas Alden, Edwin Sumargo, Reuben Demirdjian, and many
more. Funding for data processing, and hence this publication, came from
the National Science Foundation, CBET-0729830, and NASA
Grant-NNX15AB29G. All data are currently available here,
http://depts.washington.edu/mtnhydr/data/yosemite.shtml, and at CUAHSI
(http://data.cuahi.org), and are permanently housed in the University of
Washington Research Works Archive at http://hdl.handle.net/1773/35957.
The solar radiation data time series were quality controlled using the
code provided here,
https://github.com/Mountain-Hydrology-Research-Group/moq, and the
shortwave interpolation algorithm is available here,
https://github.com/klapo/shin. We thank Jerome Le Coz for help setting
up BaRatin and applying it to our sites. The code for BaRatin can be
obtained by contacting Jerome Le Coz, as detailed in Le Coz et al.
[2014].
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 9
BP 7478
EP 7489
DI 10.1002/2016WR019261
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA EA9QC
UT WOS:000386977900043
ER
PT J
AU Coplen, TB
Qi, HP
AF Coplen, Tyler B.
Qi, Haiping
TI A revision in hydrogen isotopic composition of USGS42 and USGS43
human-hair stable isotopic reference materials for forensic science
SO FORENSIC SCIENCE INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrogen isotopes; Keratin
ID RATIO MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NONEXCHANGEABLE HYDROGEN; OXYGEN; KERATIN;
DELTA-H-2
AB The hydrogen isotopic composition (delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP)) of USGS42 and USGS43 human hair stable isotopic reference materials, normalized to the VSMOW (Vienna-Standard Mean Ocean Water)-SLAP (Standard Light Antarctic Precipitation) scale, was originally determined with a high temperature conversion technique using an elemental analyzer (TC/EA) with a glassy carbon tube and glassy carbon filling and analysis by isotope-ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS). However, the TC/EA IRMS method can produce inaccurate delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) results when analyzing nitrogen-bearing organic substances owing to the formation of hydrogen cyanide (HCN), leading to non-quantitative conversion of a sample intomolecular hydrogen (H-2) for IRMS analysis. A single-oven, chromium-filled, elemental analyzer (Cr-EA) coupled to an IRMS substantially improves the measurement quality and reliability of hydrogen isotopic analysis of hydrogen-and nitrogen-bearing organic material because hot chromium scavenges all reactive elements except hydrogen. USGS42 and USGS43 human hair isotopic reference materials have been analyzed with the Cr-EA IRMS method, and the delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) values of their non-exchangeable hydrogen fractions have been revised:
USGS42(Tibetan Hair) delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) = -72.9 +/- 2.2mUr (n=6)
USGS43(Indian Hair) delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) = -44.4 +/- 2.0mUr (n=6)
where mUr = 0.001 = %. On average, these revised d2HVSMOW-SLAP values are 5.7 mUr more positive than those previously measured. It is critical that readers pay attention to the delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) of isotopic reference materials in publications as they may need to adjust the delta H-2(VSMOW-SLAP) measurement results of human hair in previous publications to ensure all results are on the same isotope-delta scale. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Coplen, Tyler B.; Qi, Haiping] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Coplen, TB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 431, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM tbcoplen@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program
FX This manuscript has benefited from helpful reviews by Dr. Christine
France (Smithsonian Museum Conservation Institute, Suitland, Maryland,
USA) and two anonymous reviewers. We thank Drs. L. I. Wassenaar
(International Atomic Energy Agency), K. Hobson (Environment Canada,
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada), and G. Koehler (Environment Canada,
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada) for helpful discussions about isotopic
analysis of keratins. The support of the U.S. Geological Survey National
Research Program made this report possible. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 21
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0379-0738
EI 1872-6283
J9 FORENSIC SCI INT
JI Forensic Sci.Int.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 266
BP 222
EP 225
DI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.05.029
PG 4
WC Medicine, Legal
SC Legal Medicine
GA EA1EF
UT WOS:000386334600052
PM 27344261
ER
PT J
AU Creswell, JE
Carter, A
Chen, B
DeWild, J
Fajon, V
Rattonetti, A
Saffari, M
Tsui, MTK
Zivkovic, I
Braaten, HFV
AF Creswell, Joel E.
Carter, Annie
Chen, Bin
DeWild, John
Fajon, Vesna
Rattonetti, Anthony
Saffari, Mark
Tsui, Martin Tsz-Ki
Zivkovic, Igor
Braaten, Hans Fredrik Veiteberg
TI Assessing bias in total mercury results after removing a subsample from
the bottle
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Total mercury; sample preparation; analysis; interlaboratory comparison;
oxidation method; bromine monochloride
ID SPECIATION; STORAGE; PRESERVATION; SEAWATER; WATER
AB U.S. EPA Method 1631 for total mercury (THg) analysis in water recommends that bromine monochloride (BrCl) be added to the original bottle in which the sample was collected, to draw into solution any Hg that may have adsorbed to the bottle walls. The method also allows for the removal of a subsample of water from the sample bottle for methylmercury (MeHg) analysis prior to adding BrCl. We have demonstrated that the removal of a subsample from the sample bottle prior to THg analysis can result in a positive concentration bias. The proposed mechanism for the bias is that 'excess' inorganic Hg, derived from the subsample that was removed from the bottle, adsorbs to the bottle walls and is then drawn into solution when BrCl is added. To test for this bias, we conducted an interlaboratory comparison study in which nine laboratories analysed water samples in fluorinated polyethylene (FLPE) bottles for THg after removing a subsample from the sample bottle, and analysed a replicate sample bottle from which no subsample was removed. We received seven complete data sets, or 63 unique sample pairs. The positive concentration bias between the bottles was significant when comparing all samples in aggregate (1.76 +/- 0.53 ng/L after subsample removal, 1.57 +/- 0.58 ng/L with no subsample removal, P < 0.05), however when comparing each of the three samples individually, the only significant bias was in the saline sample (Site UJ; 1.51 +/- 0.31 ng/L after subsample removal, 1.32 +/- 0.47 ng/L with no subsample removal, P < 0.05). Based on the findings presented here, we conclude that water chemistry, volume of water poured off, and the sample storage temperature explain some but not all of the observed bias, and we recommend collecting THg and MeHg samples in separate bottles whenever possible.
C1 [Creswell, Joel E.] Brooks Rand Instruments, Seattle, WA 98107 USA.
[Carter, Annie] Brooks Appl Labs, Bothell, WA USA.
[Chen, Bin] PS Analyt Ltd, Orpington, England.
[DeWild, John] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI USA.
[Fajon, Vesna; Zivkovic, Igor] Jozef Stefan Inst, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
[Rattonetti, Anthony] San Francisco PUC, Southeast Lab, San Francisco, CA USA.
[Saffari, Mark] Environm Canada PYLET, Chem Sect, N Vancouver, BC, Canada.
[Tsui, Martin Tsz-Ki] Univ North Carolina Greensboro, Dept Biol, Greensboro, NC USA.
[Braaten, Hans Fredrik Veiteberg] Norwegian Inst Water Res NIVA, Oslo, Norway.
[Creswell, Joel E.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
RP Creswell, JE (reprint author), Brooks Rand Instruments, Seattle, WA 98107 USA.; Creswell, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
EM creswell.joel@epa.gov
RI Zivkovic, Igor/L-3763-2016
OI Zivkovic, Igor/0000-0003-1774-1203
FU Research Council of Norway [243644]
FX This work was supported by The Research Council of Norway [Grant Number
243644].
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0306-7319
EI 1029-0397
J9 INT J ENVIRON AN CH
JI Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 96
IS 11
BP 1038
EP 1047
DI 10.1080/03067319.2016.1221405
PG 10
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DX7HD
UT WOS:000384556600003
ER
PT J
AU Morrissey, EM
Mau, RL
Schwartz, E
Caporaso, JG
Dijkstra, P
van Gestel, N
Koch, BJ
Liu, CM
Hayer, M
McHugh, TA
Marks, JC
Price, LB
Hungate, BA
AF Morrissey, Ember M.
Mau, Rebecca L.
Schwartz, Egbert
Caporaso, J. Gregory
Dijkstra, Paul
van Gestel, Natasja
Koch, Benjamin J.
Liu, Cindy M.
Hayer, Michaela
McHugh, Theresa A.
Marks, Jane C.
Price, Lance B.
Hungate, Bruce A.
TI Phylogenetic organization of bacterial activity
SO ISME JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; SOIL; MICROORGANISMS; DECOMPOSITION; TRAITS;
RESPONSES; PATTERNS; INPUTS
AB Phylogeny is an ecologically meaningful way to classify plants and animals, as closely related taxa frequently have similar ecological characteristics, functional traits and effects on ecosystem processes. For bacteria, however, phylogeny has been argued to be an unreliable indicator of an organism's ecology owing to evolutionary processes more common to microbes such as gene loss and lateral gene transfer, as well as convergent evolution. Here we use advanced stable isotope probing with C-13 and O-18 to show that evolutionary history has ecological significance for in situ bacterial activity. Phylogenetic organization in the activity of bacteria sets the stage for characterizing the functional attributes of bacterial taxonomic groups. Connecting identity with function in this way will allow scientists to begin building a mechanistic understanding of how bacterial community composition regulates critical ecosystem functions.
C1 [Morrissey, Ember M.; Mau, Rebecca L.; Schwartz, Egbert; Caporaso, J. Gregory; Dijkstra, Paul; van Gestel, Natasja; Koch, Benjamin J.; Hayer, Michaela; McHugh, Theresa A.; Marks, Jane C.; Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Schwartz, Egbert; Caporaso, J. Gregory; Dijkstra, Paul; Marks, Jane C.; Hungate, Bruce A.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Caporaso, J. Gregory; Liu, Cindy M.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Liu, Cindy M.; Price, Lance B.] Translat Genom Res Inst, Ctr Microbi & Human Hlth, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Liu, Cindy M.; Price, Lance B.] George Washington Univ, Milken Inst Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Washington, DC USA.
[Morrissey, Ember M.] West Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Agr Sci Bldg,POB 6108, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
[McHugh, Theresa A.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
RP Morrissey, EM (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Div Plant & Soil Sci, Agr Sci Bldg,POB 6108, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA.
EM ember.morrissey@mail.wvu.edu
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1124078, DEB-1321792]; Department of
Energy's Biological Systems Science Division, Program in Genomic Science
FX This research was supported by grants from the National Science
Foundation (EAR-1124078 and DEB-1321792) and the Department of Energy's
Biological Systems Science Division, Program in Genomic Science.
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 17
U2 17
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1751-7362
EI 1751-7370
J9 ISME J
JI ISME J.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 10
IS 9
BP 2336
EP 2340
DI 10.1038/ismej.2016.28
PG 5
WC Ecology; Microbiology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Microbiology
GA EA5MK
UT WOS:000386664600023
PM 26943624
ER
PT J
AU Paxton, EH
Camp, RJ
Gorresen, PM
Crampton, LH
Leonard, DL
VanderWerf, EA
AF Paxton, Eben H.
Camp, Richard J.
Gorresen, P. Marcos
Crampton, Lisa H.
Leonard, David L., Jr.
VanderWerf, Eric A.
TI Collapsing avian community on a Hawaiian island
SO SCIENCE ADVANCES
LA English
DT Article
ID BORNE DISEASES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIRDS; MALARIA; KAUAI; CONSERVATION;
ELEPAIO; ALAKAI
AB (T)he viability of many species has been jeopardized by numerous negative factors over the centuries, but climate change is predicted to accelerate and increase the pressure of many of these threats, leading to extinctions. The Hawaiian honeycreepers, famous for their spectacular adaptive radiation, are predicted to experience negative responses to climate change, given their susceptibility to introduced disease, the strong linkage of disease distribution to climatic conditions, and their current distribution. We document the rapid collapse of the native avifauna on the island of Kaua'i that corresponds to changes in climate and disease prevalence. Although multiple factors may be pressuring the community, we suggest that a tipping point has been crossed in which temperatures in forest habitats at high elevations have reached a threshold that facilitates the development of avian malaria and its vector throughout these species' ranges. Continued incursion of invasive weeds and non-native avian competitors may be facilitated by climate change and could also contribute to declines. If current rates of decline continue, we predict multiple extinctions in the coming decades. Kaua'i represents an early warning for the forest bird communities on the Maui and Hawai'i islands, as well as other species around the world that are trapped within a climatic space that is rapidly disappearing.
C1 [Paxton, Eben H.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
[Camp, Richard J.; Gorresen, P. Marcos] Univ Hawai, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Crampton, Lisa H.] Hawaii Div Forestry & Wildlife, Hanapepe, HI 96716 USA.
[Crampton, Lisa H.] Univ Hawaii, Pacific Cooperat Studies Unit, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Leonard, David L., Jr.] Hawaii Div Forestry & Wildlife, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA.
[VanderWerf, Eric A.] Pacific Rim Conservat, Honolulu, HI 96839 USA.
[Leonard, David L., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR 97232 USA.
RP Paxton, EH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI 96718 USA.
EM epaxton@usgs.gov
NR 32
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 17
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 2375-2548
J9 SCI ADV
JI Sci. Adv.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 9
AR e1600029
DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600029
PG 8
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DW6CQ
UT WOS:000383734400006
ER
PT J
AU Tinner, W
Vescovi, E
van Leeuwen, JFN
Colombaroli, D
Henne, PD
Kaltenrieder, P
Morales-Molino, C
Beffa, G
Gnaegi, B
van der Knaap, WO
La Mantia, T
Pasta, S
AF Tinner, Willy
Vescovi, Elisa
van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N.
Colombaroli, Daniele
Henne, Paul D.
Kaltenrieder, Petra
Morales-Molino, Cesar
Beffa, Giorgia
Gnaegi, Bettina
van der Knaap, W. O.
La Mantia, Tommaso
Pasta, Salvatore
TI Holocene vegetation and fire history of the mountains of Northern Sicily
(Italy)
SO VEGETATION HISTORY AND ARCHAEOBOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pollen; Macrofossils; Charcoal; Mediterranean; Climate change; Fagus
sylvatica; Abies nebrodensis
ID CLIMATE VARIABILITY; MEDITERRANEAN CLIMATE; NEOLITHIC TRANSITION;
COASTAL LAKE; SEA-SURFACE; EUROPE; POLLEN; RESPONSES; CHARCOAL; DYNAMICS
AB Knowledge about vegetation and fire history of the mountains of Northern Sicily is scanty. We analysed five sites to fill this gap and used terrestrial plant macrofossils to establish robust radiocarbon chronologies. Palynological records from Gorgo Tondo, Gorgo Lungo, Marcato Cixe, Urgo Pietra Giordano and Gorgo Pollicino show that under natural or near natural conditions, deciduous forests (Quercus pubescens, Q. cerris, Fraxinus ornus, Ulmus), that included a substantial portion of evergreen broadleaved species (Q. suber, Q. ilex, Hedera helix), prevailed in the upper meso-mediterranean belt. Mesophilous deciduous and evergreen broadleaved trees (Fagus sylvatica, Ilex aquifolium) dominated in the natural or quasi-natural forests of the oro-mediterranean belt. Forests were repeatedly opened for agricultural purposes. Fire activity was closely associated with farming, providing evidence that burning was a primary land use tool since Neolithic times. Land use and fire activity intensified during the Early Neolithic at 5000 BC, at the onset of the Bronze Age at 2500 BC and at the onset of the Iron Age at 800 BC. Our data and previous studies suggest that the large majority of open land communities in Sicily, from the coastal lowlands to the mountain areas below the thorny-cushion Astragalus belt (ca. 1,800 m a.s.l.), would rapidly develop into forests if land use ceased. Mesophilous Fagus-Ilex forests developed under warm mid Holocene conditions and were resilient to the combined impacts of humans and climate. The past ecology suggests a resilience of these summer-drought adapted communities to climate warming of about 2 degrees C. Hence, they may be particularly suited to provide heat and drought-adapted Fagus sylvatica ecotypes for maintaining drought-sensitive Central European beech forests under global warming conditions.
C1 [Tinner, Willy; Vescovi, Elisa; van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N.; Colombaroli, Daniele; Henne, Paul D.; Kaltenrieder, Petra; Morales-Molino, Cesar; Beffa, Giorgia; Gnaegi, Bettina; van der Knaap, W. O.] Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Tinner, Willy; Vescovi, Elisa; van Leeuwen, Jacqueline F. N.; Colombaroli, Daniele; Henne, Paul D.; Kaltenrieder, Petra; Morales-Molino, Cesar; Beffa, Giorgia; Gnaegi, Bettina; van der Knaap, W. O.] Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
[Henne, Paul D.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver Fed Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[La Mantia, Tommaso] Univ Palermo, Dept Agr & Forestry Sci SAF, Viale Sci 4, I-90128 Palermo, Italy.
[Pasta, Salvatore] Univ Fribourg, Dept Biol, Chemin Musee 10, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
RP Tinner, W (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Plant Sci, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.; Tinner, W (reprint author), Univ Bern, Oeschger Ctr Climate Change Res, Altenbergrain 21, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
EM willy.tinner@ips.unibe.ch
RI Henne, Paul/B-1748-2010;
OI Henne, Paul/0000-0003-1211-5545; Colombaroli,
Daniele/0000-0002-9632-2009
FU Swiss National Science Foundation [SNF PP00P2-114886]; Swiss Government
[2014.0386]
FX We thank Willi Tanner for technical advice during the coring and
Florencia Oberli for palynological sample preparation, Brigitta Ammann
for her steady support, Tomasz Goslar for radiocarbon dating, Walter
Finsinger, Todd J. Hawbaker, Robert S. Thompson, and an anonymous
reviewer for valuable comments on the manuscript. WT is grateful to the
Swiss National Science Foundation for supporting this study (SNF
PP00P2-114886) and CMM acknowledges the Swiss Government Excellence
Postdoctoral Scholarship (2014.0386). Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 87
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0939-6314
EI 1617-6278
J9 VEG HIST ARCHAEOBOT
JI Veg. Hist. Archaeobot.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 5
BP 499
EP 519
DI 10.1007/s00334-016-0569-8
PG 21
WC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
SC Plant Sciences; Paleontology
GA EA2BK
UT WOS:000386396200007
ER
PT J
AU Webb, NP
Herrick, JE
Van Zee, JW
Courtright, EM
Hugenholtz, CH
Zobeck, TM
Okin, GS
Barchyn, TE
Billings, BJ
Boyd, R
Clingan, SD
Cooper, BF
Duniway, MC
Derner, JD
Fox, FA
Haystad, KM
Heilman, P
LaPlante, V
Ludwig, NA
Metz, LJ
Nearing, MA
Norfleet, ML
Pierson, FB
Sanderson, MA
Sharratt, BS
Steiner, JL
Tatarko, J
Tedela, NH
Toledo, D
Unnasch, RS
Van Pelt, RS
Wagner, L
AF Webb, Nicholas P.
Herrick, Jeffrey E.
Van Zee, Justin W.
Courtright, Ericha M.
Hugenholtz, Christopher H.
Zobeck, Ted M.
Okin, Gregory S.
Barchyn, Thomas E.
Billings, Benjamin J.
Boyd, Robert
Clingan, Scott D.
Cooper, Brad F.
Duniway, Michael C.
Derner, Justin D.
Fox, Fred A.
Haystad, Kris M.
Heilman, Philip
LaPlante, Valerie
Ludwig, Noel A.
Metz, Loretta J.
Nearing, Mark A.
Norfleet, M. Lee
Pierson, Frederick B.
Sanderson, Matt A.
Sharratt, Brenton S.
Steiner, Jean L.
Tatarko, John
Tedela, Negussie H.
Toledo, David
Unnasch, Robert S.
Van Pelt, R. Scott
Wagner, Larry
TI The National Wind Erosion Research Network: Building a standardized
long-term data resource for aeolian research, modeling and land
management
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Wind erosion; Aeolian; Dust emission; Monitoring; Network; Long-Term
Agroecosystem Research
ID UNITED-STATES; PREDICTION SYSTEM; COLUMBIA PLATEAU; DUST DEPOSITION;
TRANSPORT; VALIDATION; DYNAMICS; AGRICULTURE; ASSESSMENTS; LANDSCAPES
AB The National Wind Erosion Research Network was established in 2014 as a collaborative effort led by the United States Department of Agriculture's Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation Service, and the United States Department of the Interior's Bureau of Land Management, to address the need for a long-term research program to meet critical challenges in wind erosion research and management in the United States. The Network has three aims: (1) provide data to support understanding of basic aeolian processes across land use types, land cover types, and management practices, (2) support development and application of models to assess wind erosion and dust emission and their impacts on human and environmental systems, and (3) encourage collaboration among the aeolian research community and resource managers for the transfer of wind erosion technologies. The Network currently consists of thirteen intensively instrumented sites providing measurements of aeolian sediment transport rates, meteorological conditions, and soil and vegetation properties that influence wind erosion. Network sites are located across rangelands, croplands, and deserts of the western US. In support of Network activities, http://winderosionnetwork.org was developed as a portal for information about the Network, providing site descriptions, measurement protocols, and data visualization tools to facilitate collaboration with scientists and managers interested in the Network and accessing Network products. The Network provides a mechanism for engaging national and international partners in a wind erosion research program that addresses the need for improved understanding and prediction of aeolian processes across complex and diverse land use types and management practices. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Webb, Nicholas P.; Herrick, Jeffrey E.; Van Zee, Justin W.; Courtright, Ericha M.; Clingan, Scott D.; Cooper, Brad F.; Haystad, Kris M.; LaPlante, Valerie] USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Hugenholtz, Christopher H.; Barchyn, Thomas E.] Univ Calgary, Dept Geog, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
[Zobeck, Ted M.] USDA ARS Wind Eros & Water Conservat Unit, Lubbock, TX 79415 USA.
[Okin, Gregory S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Billings, Benjamin J.; Tedela, Negussie H.] Bur Land Management, San Luis Valley Field Off, Monte Vista, CO 81144 USA.
[Boyd, Robert] Bur Land Management, Natl Operat Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Duniway, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Moab, UT 84532 USA.
[Derner, Justin D.] USDA ARS Rangeland Resources Res Unit, Cheyenne, WY 82009 USA.
[Fox, Fred A.; Tatarko, John; Wagner, Larry] USDA ARS Agr Syst Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Heilman, Philip; Nearing, Mark A.] USDA ARS Southwest Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Ludwig, Noel A.] Bur Land Management, Calif Desert Dist Off, Moreno Valley, CA 92553 USA.
[Metz, Loretta J.; Norfleet, M. Lee] USDA NRCS Resource Assessment Div, CEAP Modeling Team, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
[Pierson, Frederick B.] USDA ARS Northwest Watershed Res Ctr, Boise, ID 83712 USA.
[Sanderson, Matt A.; Toledo, David] USDA ARS Northern Great Plains Res Lab, Mandan, ND 58554 USA.
[Sharratt, Brenton S.] USDA ARS Northwest Sustainable Agroecosyst Res Un, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Steiner, Jean L.] USDA ARS Grazinglands Res Lab, El Reno, OK 73036 USA.
[Unnasch, Robert S.] Nature Conservancy, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Van Pelt, R. Scott] USDA ARS Wind Eros & Water Conservat Unit, Big Spring, TX 79720 USA.
RP Webb, NP (reprint author), USDA ARS Jornada Expt Range, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM nwebb@nmsu.edu
OI Barchyn, Thomas/0000-0003-0489-9263; Okin, Gregory/0000-0002-0484-3537;
Duniway, Michael/0000-0002-9643-2785
FU USDA Agricultural Research Service and Natural Resources Conservation
Service; DOI Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Geological Survey,
Department of Defense; Nature Conservancy
FX Funding and in-kind support for the National Wind Erosion Research
Network were provided by the USDA Agricultural Research Service and
Natural Resources Conservation Service, the DOI Bureau of Land
Management and U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Defense and The
Nature Conservancy. Development of the Network was a large collaborative
effort and thanks are given to the many technical staff and
administrators involved in site selection and permitting, procuring
resources, installing equipment and data collection. Special thanks are
given to Adrian Chappell (CSIRO, Australia) for discussions about
sampling designs and the manuscript, and David Smith (USDA-ARS,
Rangeland Resources Research Unit) for his tireless efforts in managing
technical issues at the Central Plains Experimental Range. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
EI 2212-1684
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 22
BP 23
EP 36
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.05.005
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA DZ1NP
UT WOS:000385605400003
ER
PT J
AU Moskowitz, BM
Reynolds, RL
Goldstein, HL
Berquo, TS
Kokaly, RF
Bristow, CS
AF Moskowitz, Bruce M.
Reynolds, Richard L.
Goldstein, Harland L.
Berquo, Thelma S.
Kokaly, Raymond F.
Bristow, Charlie S.
TI Iron oxide minerals in dust-source sediments from the Bodele Depression,
Chad: Implications for radiative properties and Fe bioavailability of
dust plumes from the Sahara
SO AEOLIAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dust; Magnetic properties; Goethite; Hematite; Nanoparticles;
Particulate matter
ID GRAINED HEMATITE; DESERT DUST; SIZE; HYSTERESIS; GOETHITE; CLIMATE;
EARTH; FIELD; NANOGOETHITE; TRANSITION
AB Atmospheric mineral dust can influence climate and biogeochemical cycles. An important component of mineral dust is ferric oxide minerals (hematite and goethite) which have been shown to influence strongly the optical properties of dust plumes and thus affect the radiative forcing of global dust. Here we report on the iron mineralogy of dust-source samples from the Bodele Depression (Chad, north central Africa), which is estimated to be Earth's most prolific dust producer and may be a key contributor to the global radiative budget of the atmosphere as well as to long-range nutrient transport to the Amazon Basin. By using a combination of magnetic property measurements, Mossbauer spectroscopy, reflectance spectroscopy, chemical analysis, and scanning electron microscopy, we document the abundance and relative amounts of goethite, hematite, and magnetite in dust-source samples from the Bodele Depression. The partition between hematite and goethite is important to know to improve models for the radiative effects of ferric oxide minerals in mineral dust aerosols. The combination of methods shows (1) the dominance of goethite over hematite in the source sediments, (2) the abundance and occurrences of their nanosize components, and (3) the ubiquity of magnetite, albeit in small amounts. Dominant goethite and subordinate hematite together compose about 2% of yellow-reddish dust-source sediments from the Bodele Depression and contribute strongly to diminution of reflectance in bulk samples. These observations imply that dust plumes from the Societe' Depression that are derived from goethite-dominated sediments strongly absorb solar radiation. The presence of ubiquitous magnetite (0.002-0.57 wt%) is also noteworthy for its potentially higher solubility relative to ferric oxide and for its small sizes, including PM < 0.1 mu m. For all examined samples, the average iron apportionment is estimated at about 33% in ferric oxide minerals, 1.4% in magnetite, and 65% in ferric silicates. Structural iron in clay minerals may account for much of the iron in the ferric silicates. We estimate that the mean ferric oxides flux exported from the Bodele Depression is 0.9 Tg/yr with greater than 50% exported as ferric oxide nanoparticles (<0.1 mu m). The high surface-to-volume ratios of ferric oxide nanoparticles once entrained into dust plumes may facilitate increased atmospheric chemical and physical processing and affect iron solubility and bioavailability to marine and terrestrial ecosystems. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Moskowitz, Bruce M.; Reynolds, Richard L.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, Inst Rock Magnetism, Minneapolis, MN USA.
[Reynolds, Richard L.; Goldstein, Harland L.; Kokaly, Raymond F.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Berquo, Thelma S.] Concordia Coll, Dept Phys, Moorhead, MN USA.
[Bristow, Charlie S.] Univ London, Birkbeck Coll, Sch Earth Sci, Malet St, London WC1E 7HX, England.
RP Moskowitz, BM (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Dept Earth Sci, 310 Pillsbury Dr SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA.
EM bmosk@umn.edu
FU Climate and Land Use Change Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; Royal
Geographical Society; Gilchrist educational trust; Instruments and
Facilities Program, Division of Earth Science, National Science
Foundation
FX This study was partly funded by the Climate and Land Use Change Program
of the U.S. Geological Survey. The Royal Geographical Society and the
Gilchrist educational trust provided funding for fieldwork (C. S.
Bristow). We thank Peter Solheid, Michael Jackson, and Kimberly Yauk for
helpful discussions, and with magnetic and Mossbauer spectroscopy
measurements, Jiang Xiao for sample preparation and USGS magnetic and
reflectance spectroscopy measurements, and George Breit for SEM analysis
and interpretation and for insightful discussions regarding the
mineralogy and occurrences of iron oxides. This is contribution 1509 of
the Institute for Rock Magnetism, which is supported by grants from the
Instruments and Facilities Program, Division of Earth Science, National
Science Foundation. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1875-9637
EI 2212-1684
J9 AEOLIAN RES
JI Aeolian Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 22
BP 93
EP 106
DI 10.1016/j.aeolia.2016.07.001
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical
SC Physical Geography
GA DZ1NP
UT WOS:000385605400009
ER
PT J
AU Gullikson, AL
Hagerty, JJ
Reid, MR
Rapp, JF
Draper, DS
AF Gullikson, Amber L.
Hagerty, Justin J.
Reid, Mary R.
Rapp, Jennifer F.
Draper, David S.
TI Silicic lunar volcanism: Testing the crustal melting model
SO AMERICAN MINERALOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE Moon; silicic volcanism; crustal melting; partial melting experiments;
silicate liquid immiscibility
ID LIQUID IMMISCIBILITY; QUARTZ MONZODIORITE; MAIRAN DOMES; MOON; GRANITE;
PETROLOGY; GEOCHEMISTRY; GRUITHUISEN; CHEMISTRY; ROCKS
AB Lunar silicic rocks were first identified by granitic fragments found in samples brought to Earth by the Apollo missions, followed by the discovery of silicic domes on the lunar surface through remote sensing. Although these silicic lithologies are thought to make up a small portion of the lunar crust, their presence indicates that lunar crustal evolution is more complex than originally thought. Models currently used to describe the formation of silicic lithologies on the Moon include in situ differentiation of a magma, magma differentiation with silicate liquid immiscibility, and partial melting of the crust. This study focuses on testing a crustal melting model through partial melting experiments on compositions representing lithologies spatially associated with the silicic domes. The experiments were guided by the results of modeling melting temperatures and residual melt compositions of possible protoliths for lunar silicic rocks using the thermodynamic modeling software, rhyolite-MELTS.
Rhyolite-MELTS simulations predict liquidus temperatures of 950-1040 degrees C for lunar granites under anhydrous conditions, which guided the temperature range for the experiments. Monzogabbro, alkali gabbronorite, and KREEP basalt were identified as potential protoliths due to their ages, locations on the Moon (i.e., located near observed silicic domes), chemically evolved compositions, and the results from rhyolite-MELTS modeling. Partial melting experiments, using mixtures of reagent grade oxide powders representing bulk rock compositions of these rock types, were carried out at atmospheric pressure over the temperature range of 900-1100 degrees C. Because all lunar granite samples and remotely sensed domes have an elevated abundance of Th, some of the mixtures were doped with Th to observe its partitioning behavior.
Run products show that at temperatures of 1050 and 1100 degrees C, melts of the three protoliths are not silicic in nature (i.e., they have <63 wt% SiO2). By 1000 degrees C, melts of both monzogabbro and alkali gabbronorite approach the composition of granite, but are also characterized by immiscible Si-rich and Fe-rich liquids. Furthermore, Th strongly partitions into the Fe-rich, and not the Si-rich glass in all experimental runs.
Our work provides important constraints on the mechanism of silicic melt formation on the Moon. The observed high-Th content of lunar granite is difficult to explain by silicate liquid immiscibility, because through this process, Th is not fractionated into the Si-rich phase. Results of our experiments and modeling suggests that silicic lunar rocks could be produced from monzogabbro and alkali gabbronorite protoliths by partial melting at T < 1000 degrees C. Additionally, we speculate that at higher pressures (P >= 0.005 GPa), the observed immiscibility in the partial melting experiments would be suppressed.
C1 [Gullikson, Amber L.; Reid, Mary R.] Northern Univ Arizona, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Hagerty, Justin J.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Rapp, Jennifer F.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Jacobs, Mail Code JE20, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Draper, David S.] NASA, Astromat Res Off, ARES Directorate, Johnson Space Ctr, Houston, TX USA.
RP Gullikson, AL (reprint author), Northern Univ Arizona, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM agullikson@usgs.gov
FU Geological Society of America; Sigma Xi; NAU Support for Graduate
Students program; Tom and Rose Bedwell Earth Physics Scholarship
FX We thank Brad Jolliff and Malcolm Rutherford for their insightful
comments, which greatly improved this paper. Funding for this work was
provided by the Geological Society of America research grant, Sigma Xi
Grants-in-Aid Research, the NAU Support for Graduate Students program,
and the Tom and Rose Bedwell Earth Physics Scholarship.
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PI CHANTILLY
PA 3635 CONCORDE PKWY STE 500, CHANTILLY, VA 20151-1125 USA
SN 0003-004X
EI 1945-3027
J9 AM MINERAL
JI Am. Miner.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 101
IS 9-10
BP 2312
EP 2321
DI 10.2138/am-2016-5619
PG 10
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Mineralogy
GA DZ1NM
UT WOS:000385605100034
ER
PT J
AU Stockton, KA
Moffitt, CM
Watten, BJ
Vinci, BJ
AF Stockton, Kelly A.
Moffitt, Christine M.
Watten, Barnaby J.
Vinci, Brian J.
TI Comparison of hydraulics and particle removal efficiencies in a mixed
cell raceway and Burrows pond rearing system
SO AQUACULTURAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE Particle removal; invasive species; Mixed-cell raceway
ID NEW-ZEALAND MUDSNAILS; RAINBOW-TROUT; AQUACULTURE OPERATIONS;
MANAGEMENT; EFFLUENT; HYDRODYNAMICS; DESIGN; TANKS; MCR
AB We compared the hydrodynamics of replicate experimental mixed cell and replicate standard Burrows pond rearing systems at the Dworshak National Fish Hatchery, ID, in an effort to identify methods for improved solids removal. We measured and compared the hydraulic residence time, particle removal efficiency, and measures of velocity using several tools. Computational fluid dynamics was used first to characterize hydraulics in the proposed retrofit that included removal of the traditional Burrows pond dividing wall and establishment of four counter rotating cells with appropriate drains and inlet water jets. Hydraulic residence time was subsequently established in the four full scale test tanks using measures of conductivity of a salt tracer introduced into the systems both with and without fish present. Vertical and horizontal velocities were also measured with acoustic Doppler velocimetry in transects across each of the rearing systems. Finally, we introduced ABS sinking beads that simulated fish solids then followed the kinetics of their removal via the drains to establish relative purge rates. The mixed cell raceway provided higher mean velocities and a more uniform velocity distribution than did the Burrows pond. Vectors revealed well-defined, counter-rotating cells in the mixed cell raceway, and were likely contributing factors in achieving a relatively high particle removal efficiency-88.6% versus 8.0% during the test period. We speculate retrofits of rearing ponds to mixed cell systems will improve both the rearing environments for the fish and solids removal, improving the efficiency and bio-security of fish culture. We recommend further testing in hatchery production trials to evaluate fish physiology and growth. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license.
C1 [Stockton, Kelly A.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Moffitt, Christine M.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Watten, Barnaby J.] US Geol Survey, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Res Ctr, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
[Vinci, Brian J.] Inst Freshwater, Shepherdstown, WV 25443 USA.
RP Moffitt, CM (reprint author), Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM stoc4872@vandals.uidaho.edu; cmoffitt@uidaho.edu; bwatten@usgs.gov;
b.vinci@freshwaterinstitute.org
OI Vinci, Brian/0000-0002-5724-6955
FU Dworshak National Fish Hatchery; EPSCoR program; REU program; US
Geological Survey; US Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We are grateful to the staff, especially Mark Drobish and the production
staff at Dworshak National Fish Hatchery for their support throughout
the project, and investment in the retrofitting of Burrows ponds into
two mixed cells. The National Science foundation provided funding for
the undergraduate interns through EPSCoR and REU programs: Tim Allan,
Effie Hernandez, Brittany Winston, and Elizabeth Marchio. Funding for
this project was provided by the US Geological Survey and the US Fish
and Wildlife Service. Dr. Chris Williams provided assistance with
statistical analysis. We are grateful to Noah Adams and two anonymous
reviewers for their critiques of earlier drafts of this manuscript. This
study was performed under the auspices of University of Idaho protocol #
2010-1. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0144-8609
EI 1873-5614
J9 AQUACULT ENG
JI Aquac. Eng.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 74
BP 52
EP 61
DI 10.1016/j.aquaeng.2016.04.005
PG 10
WC Agricultural Engineering; Fisheries
SC Agriculture; Fisheries
GA DY7OZ
UT WOS:000385320200005
ER
PT J
AU Farwell, LS
Wood, PB
Sheehan, J
George, GA
AF Farwell, Laura S.
Wood, Petra B.
Sheehan, James
George, Gregory A.
TI Shale gas development effects on the songbird community in a central
Appalachian forest
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Energy impacts; Hydraulic fracturing; Marcellus-Utica; Land-use change;
Forest fragmentation; Avian guilds
ID AKAIKES-INFORMATION-CRITERION; BROWN-HEADED COWBIRDS; HABITAT
FRAGMENTATION; ENERGY DEVELOPMENT; BOREAL FOREST; UNITED-STATES;
NATURAL-GAS; LANDSCAPE; BIRDS; SELECTION
AB In the last decade, unconventional drilling for natural gas from the Marcellus-Utica shale has increased exponentially in the central Appalachians. This heavily forested region contains important breeding habitat for many neotropical migratory songbirds, including several species of conservation concern. Our goal'was to examine effects of unconventional gas development on forest habitat and breeding songbirds at a predominantly forested site from 2008 to 2015. Construction of gas well pads and infrastructure (e.g., roads, pipelines) contributed to an overall 4.5% loss in forest cover at the site, a 12.4% loss in core forest, and a 51.7%,increase in forest edge density. We evaluated the relationship between land-cover metrics and species richness within three avian guilds: forest interior, early-successional, and synanthropic, in addition to abundances of 21 focal species. Land-cover impacts were evaluated at two spatial extents: a point-level within 100-m and 500-m buffers of each avian survey station, and a landscape-level across the study area (4326 ha). Although we observed variability in species-specific responses, we found distinct trends in long-term response among the three avian guilds. Forest-interior guild richness declined at all points across the site and at points impacted within 100 m by shale gas but did not change at unimpacted points. Early-successional and synanthropic guild richness increased at all points and at impacted points. Our results suggest that shale gas development has the potential to fragment regional forests and alter avian communities, and that efforts to minimize new development in core forests will reduce negative impacts to forest dependent species. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Farwell, Laura S.; Sheehan, James; George, Gregory A.] West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Davis Coll, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[Wood, Petra B.] West Virginia Univ, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
[George, Gregory A.] Delaware Valley Univ, Dept Biol, Doylestown, PA USA.
RP Farwell, LS (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Sch Nat Resources, Davis Coll, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, POB 6125, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
EM lsfarwell@mix.wvu.edu
FU NETL Department of Energy, West Virginia Division of Natural Resources;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX West Virginia Division of Natural Resources provided access to the study
area and Wheeling Jesuit University provided access to field housing.
This research was funded by NETL Department of Energy, West Virginia
Division of Natural Resources, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We
thank the many graduate students and field assistants who collected data
over the eight-year study. Special thanks to Mack Frantz, Kyle Aldinger,
Ryan Davis, Gretchen Nareff, Eric Margenau, and Jeff Anderson for
project feedback and manuscript editing. James Anderson, Margaret
(continued) Brittingham, Donald Brown, Brenden McNeil, and three
anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier version of
this manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 201
BP 78
EP 91
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.019
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DY0JJ
UT WOS:000384782800009
ER
PT J
AU Sazatornil, V
Rodriguez, A
Klaczek, M
Ahmadi, M
Alvares, F
Arthur, S
Blanco, JC
Borg, BL
Cluff, D
Cortes, Y
Garcia, EJ
Geffen, E
Habib, B
Iliopoulos, Y
Kaboli, M
Krofel, M
Llaneza, L
Marucco, F
Oakleaf, JK
Person, DK
Potocnik, H
Razen, N
Rio-Maior, H
Sand, H
Unger, D
Wabakken, P
Lopez-Bao, JV
AF Sazatornil, Victor
Rodriguez, Alejandro
Klaczek, Michael
Ahmadi, Mohsen
Alvares, Francisco
Arthur, Stephen
Carlos Blanco, Juan
Borg, Bridget L.
Cluff, Dean
Cortes, Yolanda
Garcia, Emilio J.
Geffen, Eli
Habib, Bilal
Iliopoulos, Yorgos
Kaboli, Mohammad
Krofel, Miha
Llaneza, Luis
Marucco, Francesca
Oakleaf, John K.
Person, David K.
Potocnik, Hubert
Razen, Nina
Rio-Maior, Helena
Sand, Hakan
Unger, David
Wabakken, Petter
Vicente Lopez-Bao, Jose
TI The role of human-related risk in breeding site selection by wolves
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Review
DE Homesites; Large carnivores; Human-dominated landscapes; Continental
pattems; Human-made structures; Human population density; Persistence
Persecution
ID HUMAN-DOMINATED LANDSCAPES; GRAY WOLF; LARGE CARNIVORES; HABITAT
SELECTION; RENDEZVOUS SITES; ROAD DENSITY; CANIS-LUPUS; DEN SITE;
CONSERVATION; AVAILABILITY
AB Large carnivores can be found in different scenarios of cohabitation with humans. Behavioral adaptations to minimize risk from humans are expected to be exacerbated where large carnivores are most vulnerable, such as at breeding sites. Using wolves as a model species, along with data from 26 study areas across the species' worldwide range, we performed a meta-analysis to assess the role of humans in breeding site selection by a large carnivore. Some of the patterns previously observed at the local scale become extrapolatable to the entire species range provided that important sources of variation are taken into account. Generally, wolves minimised the risk of exposure at breeding sites by avoiding human-made structures, selecting shelter from vegetation and avoiding agricultural lands. Our results suggest a scaled hierarchical habitat selection process across selection orders by which wolves compensate higher exposure risk to humans within their territories via a stronger selection at breeding sites. Dissimilar patterns between continents suggest that adaptations to cope with human-associated risks are modulated by the history of coexistence and persecution. Although many large carnivores persisting in human-dominated landscapes do not require large-scale habitat preservation, habitat selection at levels below occupancy and territory should be regarded in management and conservation strategies aiming to preserve these species in such contexts. In this case, we recommend providing shelter from human interference at least in small portions of land in order to fulfill the requirements of the species to locate their breeding sites. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sazatornil, Victor] Univ Barcelona, Dept Anim Biol, Ave Diagonal 643, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.
[Rodriguez, Alejandro] CSIC, Estn Biol Donana, Dept Conservat Biol, Americo Vespucio S-N, Seville 41092, Spain.
[Klaczek, Michael] Univ Northern British Columbia, Nat Resources & Environm Studies Grad Program, 3333 Univ Way, Prince George, BC, Canada.
[Ahmadi, Mohsen] Isfahan Univ Technol, Dept Nat Resources, Esfahan, Iran.
[Alvares, Francisco; Rio-Maior, Helena] Univ Porto, Ctr Invest Biodiversidade & Recursos Genet, CIBIO InBio, P-4485661 Vairao, Portugal.
[Arthur, Stephen; Borg, Bridget L.] Denali Natl Pk & Preserve, Natl Pk Serv, POB 9, Denali Natl Pk, AK 99755 USA.
[Carlos Blanco, Juan; Cortes, Yolanda] Consultores Biol Conservac, Wolf Project, Calle Manuela Malasana 24, Madrid 28004, Spain.
[Cluff, Dean] Govt Northwest Terr, North Slave Reg, Dept Environm & Nat Resources, POB 2668,3803 Bretzlaff Dr, Yellowknife, NT X1A 2P9, Canada.
[Garcia, Emilio J.; Llaneza, Luis] ARENA Asesores Recursos Nat SL, Lugo, Spain.
[Geffen, Eli] Tel Aviv Univ, Dept Zool, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
[Habib, Bilal] Wildlife Inst India, Dept Anim Ecol & Conservat Biol, Dehra Dun, Uttarakhand, India.
[Iliopoulos, Yorgos] Aristotle Univ Thessaloniki, Sch Biol, Dept Zool, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece.
[Kaboli, Mohammad] Univ Tehran, Fac Nat Resources, Dept Environm Sci, Karaj, Iran.
[Krofel, Miha; Potocnik, Hubert; Razen, Nina] Univ Ljubljana, Biotech Fac, Jamnikarjeva 101, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.
[Marucco, Francesca] Ctr Gest & Conservaz Grandi Carnivori, Parco Nat Alpi Maritime,Piazza Regina Elena 30, I-12010 Valdieri, Italy.
[Oakleaf, John K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Mexican Wolf Program, 2105 Osuna Rd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87113 USA.
[Person, David K.] 482 Murphy Rd, Braintree, VT 05060 USA.
[Sand, Hakan; Vicente Lopez-Bao, Jose] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Ecol, Grimso Wildlife Res Stn, S-73091 Riddarhyttan, Sweden.
[Unger, David] Maryville Coll, Dept Biol, Maryville, TN 37804 USA.
[Wabakken, Petter] Hedmark Univ Coll, N-2480 Evenstad, Koppang, Norway.
[Vicente Lopez-Bao, Jose] Univ Oviedo, Res Unit Biodivers UO CSIC PA, Mieres 33600, Spain.
RP Lopez-Bao, JV (reprint author), Univ Oviedo, Res Unit Biodivers UO CSIC PA, Mieres 33600, Spain.
EM jv.lopezbao@gmail.com
RI Rodriguez, Alejandro/E-7709-2011;
OI Rodriguez, Alejandro/0000-0001-9367-3420; Krofel,
Miha/0000-0002-2010-5219
FU Picos de Europa National Park; Regional Government of Galicia (Spain);
Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness [SEV-2012-0262,
JCI-2012-13066]; Government of the Northwest Territories; University of
Northern British Columbia (Canada); U.S.A. National Park Service; Alaska
Department of Fish and Game; U.S.A. Department of Agriculture (USDA)
Forest Service; Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources; Wisconsin
Department of Transportation; University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point;
Government of India; Regional Government of Maharastra (India); Progetto
Lupo Piemonte (Italy); European Union; Slovenian Ministry of Agriculture
and Environment [LIFE08/NAT/SLO/000244]; Mexican Wolf Recovery Program
(USFWS); Mexican Wolf Recovery Program (AGFD); Mexican Wolf Recovery
Program (WMAT); Mexican Wolf Recovery Program (USDA Forest Service);
Mexican Wolf Recovery Program (USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection
Services Wildlife Services); Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS) [P4-0059]
FX We are in debt with all the administrative, logistical and funding
support from the Picos de Europa National Park and the Regional
Government of Galicia (Spain), the Spanish Ministry of Economy and
Competitiveness (SEV-2012-0262), the Government of the Northwest
Territories and the University of Northern British Columbia (Canada),
the U.S.A. National Park Service, the Alaska Department of Fish and
Game, the U.S.A. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service, the
Wisconsin Departments of Natural Resources and Transportation, the
University of Wisconsin-Stevens Point, the Government of India, the
Regional Government of Maharastra (India), the Progetto Lupo Piemonte
(Italy), the European Union, the Slovenian Ministry of Agriculture and
Environment (LIFE08/NAT/SLO/000244), and the Mexican Wolf Recovery
Program (partnership: USFWS, AGFD, WMAT, USDA Forest Service, and the
USDA Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services Wildlife Services, and
several participating counties). We thank John Burch for facilitating
the use of the data from Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve. JVLB
was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness
(JCI-2012-13066). MK was supported by Slovenian Research Agency (ARRS,
P4-0059). We are especially thankful to Ed Bangs and David Mech for
their help in obtaining data from North America. We thank Alon
Reichmann, Amitzur Boldo Michal Udco, Reuven Hefner, Mania Nakamura and
Vicente Palacios and SloWolf project volunteers for doing hard fieldwork
locating homesites. This is scientific paper no. 13 from the Iberian
Wolf Research Team (IWRT). The findings and conclusions of this article
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service or other agencies.
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 201
BP 103
EP 110
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.022
PG 8
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DY0JJ
UT WOS:000384782800011
ER
PT J
AU Martinuzzi, S
Allstadt, AJ
Bateman, BL
Heglund, PJ
Pidgeon, AM
Thogmartin, WE
Vavrus, SJ
Radeloff, VC
AF Martinuzzi, Sebastian
Allstadt, Andrew J.
Bateman, Brooke L.
Heglund, Patricia J.
Pidgeon, Anna M.
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
Vavrus, Stephen J.
Radeloff, Volker C.
TI Future frequencies of extreme weather events in the National Wildlife
Refuges of the conterminous US
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Protected areas; Climate change; Conservation planning; Droughts;
Extreme heat; False springs
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; PROTECTED AREAS; TREE MORTALITY; UNITED-STATES; FROST
DAMAGE; FOREST; DROUGHT; VULNERABILITY; IMPACTS; MANAGEMENT
AB Climate change is a major challenge for managers of protected areas world-wide, and managers need information about future climate conditions within protected areas. Prior studies of climate change effects in protected areas have largely focused on average climatic conditions. However, extreme weather may have stronger effects on wildlife populations and habitats than changes in averages. Our goal was to quantify future changes in the frequency of extreme heat, drought, and false springs, during the avian breeding season, in 415 National Wildlife Refuges in the conterminous United States. We analyzed spatially detailed data on extreme weather frequencies during the historical period (1950-2005) and under different scenarios of future climate change by mid- and late-21st century. We found that all wildlife refuges will likely experience substantial changes in the frequencies of extreme weather, but the types of projected changes differed among refuges. Extreme heat is projected to increase dramatically in all wildlife refuges, whereas changes in droughts and false springs are projected to increase or decrease on a regional basis. Half of all wildlife refuges are projected to see increases in frequency (>20% higher than the current rate) in at least two types of weather extremes by mid-century. Wildlife refuges in the Southwest and Pacific Southwest are projected to exhibit the fastest rates of change, and may deserve extra attention. Climate change adaptation strategies in protected areas, such as the U.S. wildlife refuges, may need to seriously consider future changes in extreme weather, including the considerable spatial variation of these changes. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Martinuzzi, Sebastian; Allstadt, Andrew J.; Bateman, Brooke L.; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Heglund, Patricia J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, NWRS, Reg 3,2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Vavrus, Stephen J.] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst, Ctr Climat Res, 1225 W Dayton St, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Martinuzzi, S (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, 1630 Linden Dr, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM martinuzzi@wisc.edu
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279
FU NASA Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Program
[NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM-12]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support for this research by the NASA
Biodiversity and Ecological Forecasting Program under grant
NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM-12. The findings and conclusions in this article
are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names are for descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government
NR 60
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PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 201
BP 327
EP 335
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.07.007
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DY0JJ
UT WOS:000384782800038
ER
PT J
AU Edwards, CS
Piqueux, S
AF Edwards, Christopher S.
Piqueux, Sylvain
TI The water content of recurring slope lineae on Mars
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Mars; recurring slope lineae; water budget; THEMIS; thermophysics
ID THERMAL-CONDUCTIVITY MEASUREMENTS; EMISSION SPECTROMETER; PARTICULATE
MATERIALS; REFLECTANCE; STABILITY; SURFACE; THEMIS; ICE
AB Observations of recurring slope lineae (RSL) from the High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment have been interpreted as present-day, seasonally variable liquid water flows; however, orbital spectroscopy has not confirmed the presence of liquid H2O, only hydrated salts. Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) temperature data and a numerical heat transfer model definitively constrain the amount of water associated with RSL. Surface temperature differences between RSL-bearing and dry RSL-free terrains are consistent with no water associated with RSL and, based on measurement uncertainties, limit the water content of RSL to at most 0.5-3wt %. In addition, distinct high thermal inertia regolith signatures expected with crust-forming evaporitic salt deposits from cyclical briny water flows are not observed, indicating low water salinity (if any) and/or low enough volumes to prevent their formation. Alternatively, observed salts may be preexisting in soils at low abundances (i.e., near or below detection limits) and largely immobile. These RSL-rich surfaces experience similar to 100K diurnal temperature oscillations, possible freeze/thaw cycles and/or complete evaporation on time scales that challenge their habitability potential. The unique surface temperature measurements provided by THEMIS are consistent with a dry RSL hypothesis or at least significantly limit the water content of Martian RSL.
C1 [Edwards, Christopher S.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Edwards, Christopher S.] Northern Univ Arizona, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Piqueux, Sylvain] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Edwards, CS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.; Edwards, CS (reprint author), Northern Univ Arizona, Dept Phys & Astron, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM Christopher.Edwards@nau.edu
FU National Aeronautics and Space Administration
FX The authors thank the 2001 Mars Odyssey THEMIS team, who aided in the
collection of needed seasonal data. We thank Joshua Bandfield, Shane
Byrne, and two anonymous reviewers that greatly improved the manuscript.
All THEMIS, CTX, and HiRISE data presented in this work are available on
the Planetary Data System (http://pds-geosciences.wustl.edu), data
processing software was completed using davinci (http://davinci.asu.edu)
and the Integrated Software for Imaging Spectrometers
(http://isis.astrogeology.usgs.gov), and modeling was conducted using
the KRC thermal model (http://krc.mars.asu.edu). Work at the Jet
Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology was performed
under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.
NR 59
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 17
BP 8912
EP 8919
DI 10.1002/2016GL070179
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DY8CX
UT WOS:000385357200011
ER
PT J
AU Noda, S
Ellsworth, WL
AF Noda, Shunta
Ellsworth, William L.
TI Scaling relation between earthquake magnitude and the departure time
from P wave similar growth
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE magnitude; earthquake early warning; scaling; initial rupture;
nucleation
ID NUCLEATION PHASE; BRIGHT SPOT; RUPTURE; CALIFORNIA; PREDICTION;
AMPLITUDE; SYSTEM; MOTION
AB We introduce a new scaling relation between earthquake magnitude (M) and a characteristic of initial P wave displacement. By examining Japanese K-NET data averaged in bins partitioned by M-w and hypocentral distance, we demonstrate that the P wave displacement briefly displays similar growth at the onset of rupture and that the departure time (T-dp), which is defined as the time of departure from similarity of the absolute displacement after applying a band-pass filter, correlates with the final M in a range of 4.5M(w)7. The scaling relation between M-w and T-dp implies that useful information on the final M can be derived while the event is still in progress because T-dp occurs before the completion of rupture. We conclude that the scaling relation is important not only for earthquake early warning but also for the source physics of earthquakes.
C1 [Noda, Shunta; Ellsworth, William L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Noda, Shunta] Railway Tech Res Inst, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan.
[Ellsworth, William L.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geophys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Noda, S (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.; Noda, S (reprint author), Railway Tech Res Inst, Kokubunji, Tokyo, Japan.
EM noda.shunta.59@rtri.or.jp
NR 37
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 17
BP 9053
EP 9060
DI 10.1002/2016GL070069
PG 8
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DY8CX
UT WOS:000385357200029
ER
PT J
AU McGuire, LA
Rengers, FK
Kean, JW
Coe, JA
Mirus, BB
Baum, RL
Godt, JW
AF McGuire, Luke A.
Rengers, Francis K.
Kean, Jason W.
Coe, Jeffrey A.
Mirus, Benjamin B.
Baum, Rex L.
Godt, Jonathan W.
TI Elucidating the role of vegetation in the initiation of rainfall-induced
shallow landslides: Insights from an extreme rainfall event in the
Colorado Front Range
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE debris flow; vegetation; landslide; rainfall; Front Range; slope aspect
ID OREGON COAST RANGE; PREDICTIVE MODEL; FOREST CANOPIES; INTERCEPTION;
WATER
AB More than 1100 debris flows were mobilized from shallow landslides during a rainstorm from 9 to 13 September 2013 in the Colorado Front Range, with the vast majority initiating on sparsely vegetated, south facing terrain. To investigate the physical processes responsible for the observed aspect control, we made measurements of soil properties on a densely forested north facing hillslope and a grassland-dominated south facing hillslope in the Colorado Front Range and performed numerical modeling of transient changes in soil pore water pressure throughout the rainstorm. Using the numerical model, we quantitatively assessed interactions among vegetation, rainfall interception, subsurface hydrology, and slope stability. Results suggest that apparent cohesion supplied by roots was responsible for the observed connection between debris flow initiation and slope aspect. Results suggest that future climate-driven modifications to forest structure could substantially influence landslide hazards throughout the Front Range and similar water-limited environments where vegetation communities may be more susceptible to small variations in climate.
C1 [McGuire, Luke A.; Rengers, Francis K.; Kean, Jason W.; Coe, Jeffrey A.; Mirus, Benjamin B.; Baum, Rex L.; Godt, Jonathan W.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[McGuire, Luke A.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP McGuire, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.; McGuire, LA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM lmcguire@email.arizona.edu
OI Coe, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0842-9608
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Landslide Hazards Program
FX We thank Georgina Bennett and an anonymous reviewer for helpful comments
that improved the quality of the manuscript. All data used in this paper
are available upon request. This work was supported by the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) Landslide Hazards Program. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 31
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PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 17
BP 9084
EP 9092
DI 10.1002/2016GL070741
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DY8CX
UT WOS:000385357200033
ER
PT J
AU Baris, D
Waddell, R
Freeman, LEB
Schwenn, M
Colt, JS
Ayotte, JD
Ward, MH
Nuckols, J
Schned, A
Jackson, B
Clerkin, C
Rothman, N
Moore, LE
Taylor, A
Robinson, G
Hosain, GMM
Armenti, KR
McCoy, R
Samanic, C
Hoover, RN
Fraumeni, JF
Johnson, A
Karagas, MR
Silverman, DT
AF Baris, Dalsu
Waddell, Richard
Freeman, Laura E. Beane
Schwenn, Molly
Colt, Joanne S.
Ayotte, Joseph D.
Ward, Mary H.
Nuckols, John
Schned, Alan
Jackson, Brian
Clerkin, Castine
Rothman, Nathaniel
Moore, Lee E.
Taylor, Anne
Robinson, Gilpin
Hosain, G. M. Monawar
Armenti, Karla R.
McCoy, Richard
Samanic, Claudine
Hoover, Robert N.
Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.
Johnson, Alison
Karagas, Margaret R.
Silverman, Debra T.
TI Elevated Bladder Cancer in Northern New England: The Role of Drinking
Water and Arsenic
SO JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL RISKS; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; ATTRIBUTABLE
RISK; POULTRY LITTER; EXPOSURE; MORTALITY; CARCINOMA; ROXARSONE;
PATTERNS
AB Background: Bladder cancer mortality rates have been elevated in northern New England for at least five decades. Incidence rates in Maine, New Hampshire, and Vermont are about 20% higher than the United States overall. We explored reasons for this excess, focusing on arsenic in drinking water from private wells, which are particularly prevalent in the region.
Methods: In a population-based case-control study in these three states, 1213 bladder cancer case patients and 1418 control subjects provided information on suspected risk factors. Log transformed arsenic concentrations were estimated by linear regression based on measurements in water samples from current and past homes. All statistical tests were two-sided.
Results: Bladder cancer risk increased with increasing water intake (P-trend = .003). This trend was statistically significant among participants with a history of private well use (P-trend = .01). Among private well users, this trend was apparent if well water was derived exclusively from shallow dug wells (which are vulnerable to contamination from manmade sources, P-trend = .002) but not if well water was supplied only by deeper drilled wells (P-trend = .48). If dug wells were used pre-1960, when arsenical pesticides were widely used in the region, heavier water consumers (>2.2 L/day) had double the risk of light users (<1.1 L/day, P-trend = .01). Among all participants, cumulative arsenic exposure from all water sources, lagged 40 years, yielded a positive risk gradient (P-trend = .004); among the highest-exposed participants (97.5th percentile), risk was twice that of the lowest-exposure quartile (odds ratio = 2.24, 95% confidence interval = 1.29 to 3.89).
Conclusions: Our findings support an association between low-to-moderate levels of arsenic in drinking water and bladder cancer risk in New England. In addition, historical consumption of water from private wells, particularly dug wells in an era when arsenical pesticides were widely used, was associated with increased bladder cancer risk and may have contributed to the New England excess.
C1 [Baris, Dalsu; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Colt, Joanne S.; Ward, Mary H.; Rothman, Nathaniel; Moore, Lee E.; Samanic, Claudine; Hoover, Robert N.; Fraumeni, Joseph F., Jr.; Silverman, Debra T.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, DHHS, 9609 Med Ctr Dr,MSC 9774, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Waddell, Richard; Schned, Alan; Karagas, Margaret R.] Geisel Sch Med Dartmouth, Hanover, NH USA.
[Schwenn, Molly; Clerkin, Castine] Maine Canc Registry, Augusta, ME USA.
US Geol Survey, Pembroke, NH USA.
[Robinson, Gilpin] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA USA.
[Nuckols, John] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Jackson, Brian] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.
[Taylor, Anne] Informat Management Serv Inc, Calverton, MD USA.
[Hosain, G. M. Monawar] New Hampshire State Canc Registry, Concord, NH USA.
[Armenti, Karla R.] New Hampshire State Occupat Surveillance Program, Concord, NH USA.
[McCoy, Richard; Johnson, Alison] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA.
RP Baris, D; Silverman, DT (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, DHHS, 9609 Med Ctr Dr,MSC 9774, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM dalsubaris@gmail.com; silvermd@mail.nih.gov
RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015
OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124
FU Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health,
National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics
[N02-CP-01037]
FX Supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes
of Health, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology
and Genetics (contract number N02-CP-01037).
NR 39
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U1 5
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0027-8874
EI 1460-2105
J9 JNCI-J NATL CANCER I
JI JNCI-J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 108
IS 9
AR djw099
DI 10.1093/jnci/djw099
PG 9
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA DZ0KH
UT WOS:000385527000008
ER
PT J
AU Gomberg, J
Agnew, DC
Schwartz, SY
AF Gomberg, J.
Agnew, D. C.
Schwartz, S. Y.
TI Alternative source models of very low frequency events
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE VLF; slow slip; Low-Frequency Earthquake; cluster
ID SLOW SLIP EVENTS; REPEATING MICROEARTHQUAKES; SOURCE PARAMETERS; TREMOR
LOCATIONS; EARTHQUAKES; STRESS; FAULT; CASCADIA; JAPAN; CONTINUUM
AB We present alternative source models for very low frequency (VLF) events, previously inferred to be radiation from individual slow earthquakes that partly fill the period range between slow slip events lasting thousands of seconds and low-frequency earthquakes (LFE) with durations of tenths of a second. We show that VLF events may emerge from bandpass filtering a sum of clustered, shorter duration, LFE signals, believed to be the components of tectonic tremor. Most published studies show VLF events occurring concurrently with tremor bursts and LFE signals. Our analysis of continuous data from Costa Rica detected VLF events only when tremor was also occurring, which was only 7% of the total time examined. Using analytic and synthetic models, we show that a cluster of LFE signals produces the distinguishing characteristics of VLF events, which may be determined by the cluster envelope. The envelope may be diagnostic of a single, dynamic, slowly slipping event that propagates coherently over kilometers or represents a narrowly band-passed version of nearly simultaneous arrivals of radiation from slip on multiple higher stress drop and/or faster propagating slip patches with dimensions of tens of meters (i.e., LFE sources). Temporally clustered LFE sources may be triggered by single or multiple distinct aseismic slip events or represent the nearly simultaneous chance occurrence of background LFEs. Given the nonuniqueness in possible source durations, we suggest it is premature to draw conclusions about VLF event sources or how they scale.
C1 [Gomberg, J.] Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Agnew, D. C.] Univ Calif San Diego, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Schwartz, S. Y.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
RP Gomberg, J (reprint author), Univ Washington, US Geol Survey, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM gomberg@usgs.gov
NR 64
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U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 9
BP 6722
EP 6740
DI 10.1002/2016JB013001
PG 19
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DZ4RA
UT WOS:000385845700025
ER
PT J
AU Righter, K
Cosca, MA
Morgan, LE
AF Righter, K.
Cosca, M. A.
Morgan, L. E.
TI Preservation of ancient impact ages on the R chondrite parent body:
Ar-40/Ar-39 age of hornblende-bearing R chondrite LAP 04840
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID INNER SOLAR-SYSTEM; RUMURUTI CHONDRITE; EXPOSURE AGES; HISTORY;
MINERALOGY; METEORITE; AMPHIBOLE; SHOCK; ABUNDANCES; CHRONOLOGY
AB The hornblende- and biotite-bearing R chondrite LAP 04840 is a rare kind of meteorite possibly containing outer solar system water stored during metamorphism or postshock annealing deep within an asteroid. Because little is known regarding its age and origin, we determined Ar-40/Ar-39 ages on hornblende-rich separates of the meteorite, and obtained plateau ages of 4340(+/- 40) to 4380(+/- 30) Ma. These well-defined plateau ages, coupled with evidence for postshock annealing, indicate this meteorite records an ancient shock event and subsequent annealing. The age of 4340-4380Ma (or 4.34-4.38Ga) for this and other previously dated R chondrites is much older than most impact events recorded by ordinary chondrites and points to an ancient event or events that predated the late heavy bombardment that is recorded in so many meteorites and lunar samples.
C1 [Righter, K.] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Mailcode XI2,2101 NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
[Cosca, M. A.; Morgan, L. E.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 963, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Righter, K (reprint author), NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Mailcode XI2,2101 NASA Pkwy, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
EM kevin.righter-1@nasa.gov
FU RTOP from NASA Cosmochemistry program; NSF; NASA
FX Funding for this study was provided by an RTOP to KR from the NASA
Cosmochemistry program. U.S. Antarctic meteorite samples are recovered
by the Antarctic Search for Meteorites (ANSMET) program which has been
funded by NSF and NASA, and characterized and curated by the Department
of Mineral Sciences of the Smithsonian Institution and Astromaterials
Curation Office at NASA Johnson Space Center. Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government. Reviews by J. Park, M. McCanta, and
comments of AE Yamaguchi helped to improve presentation of our results.
NR 47
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U1 2
U2 2
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 51
IS 9
BP 1678
EP 1684
DI 10.1111/maps.12692
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DW4QX
UT WOS:000383629200008
ER
PT J
AU Hein, JR
Koschinsky, A
Mikesell, M
Mizell, K
Glenn, CR
Wood, R
AF Hein, James R.
Koschinsky, Andrea
Mikesell, Mariah
Mizell, Kira
Glenn, Craig R.
Wood, Ray
TI Marine Phosphorites as Potential Resources for Heavy Rare Earth Elements
and Yttrium
SO MINERALS
LA English
DT Article
DE marine phosphorite deposits; seamount phosphorite; continental-margin
phosphorite; rare earth elements; heavy rare earth elements; yttrium;
resources
ID SEDIMENTARY PHOSPHATE DEPOSITS; RICH FERROMANGANESE CRUSTS; COBALT-RICH;
GEOCHEMISTRY; SEAWATER; PACIFIC; ABUNDANCES; MINERALS; APATITES; ISLANDS
AB Marine phosphorites are known to concentrate rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) during early diagenetic formation. Much of the REY data available are decades old and incomplete, and there has not been a systematic study of REY distributions in marine phosphorite deposits that formed over a range of oceanic environments. Consequently, we initiated this study to determine if marine phosphorite deposits found in the global ocean host REY concentrations of high enough grade to be of economic interest. This paper addresses continental-margin (CM) and open-ocean seamount phosphorites. All 75 samples analyzed are composed predominantly of carbonate fluorapatite and minor detrital and authigenic minerals. CM phosphorites have low total REY contents (mean 161 ppm) and high heavy REY (HREY) complements (mean 49%), while seamount phosphorites have 4-6 times higher individual REY contents (except for Ce, which is subequal; mean sigma REY 727 ppm), and very high HREY complements (mean 60%). The predominant causes of higher concentrations and larger HREY complements in seamount phosphorites compared to CM phosphorites are age, changes in seawater REY concentrations over time, water depth of formation, changes in pH and complexing ligands, and differences in organic carbon content in the depositional environments. Potential ore deposits with high HREY complements, like the marine phosphorites analyzed here, could help supply the HREY needed for high-tech and green-tech applications without creating an oversupply of the LREY.
C1 [Hein, James R.; Mikesell, Mariah; Mizell, Kira] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Koschinsky, Andrea] Jacobs Univ, Dept Phys & Earth Sci, POB 750561, D-28725 Bremen, Germany.
[Mizell, Kira] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Ocean Sci, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Glenn, Craig R.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Ocean & Earth Sci & Technol, Dept Geol & Geophys, 1680 East West Rd,POST 701, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Wood, Ray] Chatham Rock Phosphate, 93 Terrace, Wellington 6011, New Zealand.
RP Hein, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM jhein@usgs.gov; a.koschinsky@jacobs-university.de; mmikesell@usgs.gov;
kmizell@usgs.gov; glenn@soest.hawaii.edu; raywood@crpl.co.nz
RI Koschinsky, Andrea /R-2927-2016
OI Koschinsky, Andrea /0000-0002-9224-0663
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2075-163X
J9 MINERALS-BASEL
JI Minerals
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 3
AR 88
DI 10.3390/min6030088
PG 22
WC Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
SC Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing
GA DY9UU
UT WOS:000385481400032
ER
PT J
AU Walker, DA
Breen, AL
Druckenmiller, LA
Wirth, LW
Fisher, W
Raynolds, MK
Sibik, J
Walker, MD
Hennekens, S
Boggs, K
Boucher, T
Buchhorn, M
Bultmann, H
Cooper, DJ
Daniels, FJA
Davidson, SJ
Ebersole, JJ
Elmendorf, SC
Epstein, HE
Gould, WA
Hollister, RD
Iversen, CM
Jorgenson, MT
Kade, A
Lee, MT
MacKenzie, WH
Peet, RK
Peirce, JL
Schickhoff, U
Sloan, VL
Talbot, SS
Tweedie, CE
Villarreal, S
Webber, PJ
Zona, D
AF Walker, Donald A.
Breen, Amy L.
Druckenmiller, Lisa A.
Wirth, Lisa W.
Fisher, Will
Raynolds, Martha K.
Sibik, Jozef
Walker, Marilyn D.
Hennekens, Stephan
Boggs, Keith
Boucher, Tina
Buchhorn, Marcel
Bueltmann, Helga
Cooper, David J.
Daniels, Fred J. A.
Davidson, Scott J.
Ebersole, James J.
Elmendorf, Sara C.
Epstein, Howard E.
Gould, William A.
Hollister, Robert D.
Iversen, Colleen M.
Jorgenson, M. Torre
Kade, Anja
Lee, Michael T.
MacKenzie, William H.
Peet, Robert K.
Peirce, Jana L.
Schickhoff, Udo
Sloan, Victoria L.
Talbot, Stephen S.
Tweedie, Craig E.
Villarreal, Sandra
Webber, Patrick J.
Zona, Donatella
TI The Alaska Arctic Vegetation Archive (AVA-AK)
SO PHYTOCOENOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Circumpolar; cluster analysis; database; tundra; Turboveg; vegetation
classification
AB The Alaska Arctic Vegetation Archive (AVA-AK, GIVD-ID: NA-US-014) is a free, publically available database archive of vegetation-plot data from the Arctic tundra region of northern Alaska. The archive currently contains 24 datasets with 3,026 non-overlapping plots. Of these, 74% have geolocation data with 25-m or better precision. Species cover data and header data are stored in a Turboveg database. A standardized Pan Arctic Species List provides a consistent nomenclature for vascular plants, bryophytes, and lichens in the archive. A web-based online Alaska Arctic Geoecological Atlas (AGA-AK) allows viewing and downloading the species data in a variety of formats, and provides access to a wide variety of ancillary data. We conducted a preliminary cluster analysis of the first 16 datasets (1,613 plots) to examine how the spectrum of derived clusters is related to the suite of datasets, habitat types, and environmental gradients. We present the contents of the archive, assess its strengths and weaknesses, and provide three supplementary files that include the data dictionary, a list of habitat types, an overview of the datasets, and details of the cluster analysis.
C1 [Walker, Donald A.; Breen, Amy L.; Druckenmiller, Lisa A.; Raynolds, Martha K.; Buchhorn, Marcel; Kade, Anja; Peirce, Jana L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Geobot Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Breen, Amy L.] Univ Alaska, Int Arctic Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Wirth, Lisa W.; Fisher, Will] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Geog Informat Network Alaska, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Sibik, Jozef] Slovak Acad Sci, Inst Bot, Dept Geobot, Dubravska Cesta 9, Bratislava 84523, Slovakia.
[Walker, Marilyn D.] HOMER Energy, 1790 30th St Boulder, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Hennekens, Stephan] Alterra, Box 47, NL-6700 PB Wageningen, Netherlands.
[Boggs, Keith; Boucher, Tina] Univ Alaska Anchorage, Alaska Ctr Conservat Sci, Alaska Nat Heritage Program, 3211 Providence Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Buchhorn, Marcel] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, HyLab, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Bueltmann, Helga] Univ Munster, Inst Plant Ecol, Schlosspl 8, D-48143 Munster, Germany.
[Cooper, David J.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Forest & Rangeland Stewardship, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Davidson, Scott J.; Zona, Donatella] Univ Sheffield, Dept Anim & Plant Sci, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England.
[Ebersole, James J.] Colorado Coll, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80903 USA.
[Elmendorf, Sara C.] NEON Inc, 1685 38th St, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
[Epstein, Howard E.] Univ Virginia, Dept Environm Sci, Charlottesville, VA 22904 USA.
[Gould, William A.] US Forest Serv, Int Inst Trop Forestry, Jardin Bot Sur, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA.
[Hollister, Robert D.] Grand Valley State Univ, Dept Biol, Allendale, MI 49401 USA.
[Iversen, Colleen M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, 2332 Cordes Way, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Lee, Michael T.; Peet, Robert K.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[MacKenzie, William H.] BC Minist Forests Lands & Nat Resources, Bag 6000, Smithers, BC, Canada.
[Schickhoff, Udo] Univ Hamburg, Inst Geog, Bundesstr 55, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Sloan, Victoria L.] Fac Engn, Queens Bldg, Clifton BS8 1TR, Avon, England.
[Talbot, Stephen S.; Tweedie, Craig E.; Villarreal, Sandra] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Webber, Patrick J.] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Biol Sci, Syst Ecol Lab, El Paso, TX 79902 USA.
[Zona, Donatella] Michigan State Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48824 USA.
[Zona, Donatella] San Diego State Univ, Dept Biol, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
RP Walker, DA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Alaska Geobot Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Walker, DA (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM dawalker@alaska.edu; albreen@alaska.edu; ladruckenmiller@alaska.edu;
lisa@gina.alaska.edu; will@alaska.edu; mkraynolds@alaska.edu;
jozef.sibik@savba.sk; marilyn@homerenergy.com; stephan.hennekens@wur.nl;
kwboggs@uaa.alaska.edu; tboucher@uaa.alaska.edu; mbuchhorn@alaska.edu;
bultman@uni-muenster.de; David.Cooper@colostate.edu;
daniels@uni-muenster.de; sjdavidsonl@sheffield.ac.uk;
jebersole@ColoradoCollege.edu; selmendorf@neoninc.org;
hee2b@virginia.edu; wgould@fs.fed.us; hollistr@gvsu.edu;
ecoscience@alaska.net; ankade@alaska.edu; michael.lee@unc.edu;
will.mackenzie@gov.bc.ca; peet@unc.edu; jlpeirce@alaska.edu;
Udo.Schickhoff@t-online.de; v.l.sloan@bristol.ac.uk;
stephen_talbot@fws.gov; ctweedie@utep.edu; svillarreal51@gmail.com;
webber@msu.edu; D.zona@sheffield.ac.uk
RI Zona, Donatella/G-4039-2010;
OI Gould, William/0000-0002-3720-9735
FU NASA Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability Experiment (ABoVE) initiative
[NNX13AM20G]; NASA Land Cover and Land-Use Change program [NNX14AD0G];
NSF Arctic Science Engineering and Education for Sustainability
(ArcSEES) inititiative [1233854]
FX Funding for the AVA-AK came from the NASA Arctic-Boreal Vulnerability
Experiment (ABoVE) initiative (Grant No. NNX13AM20G). The project was
conceived and endorsed by the Flora Working Group of the Conservation of
Arctic Flora and Fauna (CAFF), the biodiversity working group of the
Arctic Council. Other funding came from the NASA Land Cover and Land-Use
Change program (Award No. NNX14AD0G) and the NSF Arctic Science
Engineering and Education for Sustainability (ArcSEES) inititiative
(Award No. 1233854).
NR 26
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU GEBRUDER BORNTRAEGER
PI STUTTGART
PA JOHANNESSTR 3A, D-70176 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0340-269X
J9 PHYTOCOENOLOGIA
JI Phytocoenologia
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 46
IS 2
BP 221
EP 229
DI 10.1127/phyto/2016/0128
PG 9
WC Plant Sciences; Ecology
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DY7VO
UT WOS:000385337600006
ER
PT J
AU Allen, CR
Birge, HE
Bartelt-Hunt, S
Bevans, RA
Burnett, JL
Cosens, BA
Cai, XM
Garmestani, AS
Linkov, I
Scott, EA
Solomon, MD
Uden, DR
AF Allen, Craig R.
Birge, Hannah E.
Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon
Bevans, Rebecca A.
Burnett, Jessica L.
Cosens, Barbara A.
Cai, Ximing
Garmestani, Ahjond S.
Linkov, Igor
Scott, Elizabeth A.
Solomon, Mark D.
Uden, Daniel R.
TI Avoiding Decline: Fostering Resilience and Sustainability in Midsize
Cities
SO SUSTAINABILITY
LA English
DT Article
DE social-ecological systems; adaptive governance; transformative
governance; cross-scale interactions; complexity; ecosystem services;
resilience assessment; shrinking cities; urbanization; urban systems
ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; GOVERNANCE;
OPPORTUNITIES; CHALLENGES; MANAGEMENT
AB Eighty-five percent of United States citizens live in urban areas. However, research surrounding the resilience and sustainability of complex urban systems focuses largely on coastal megacities (>1 million people). Midsize cities differ from their larger counterparts due to tight urban-rural feedbacks with their immediate natural environments that result from heavy reliance and close management of local ecosystem services. They also may be less path-dependent than larger cities due to shorter average connection length among system components, contributing to higher responsiveness among social, infrastructural, and ecological feedbacks. These distinct midsize city features call for a framework that organizes information and concepts concerning the sustainability of midsize cities specifically. We argue that an integrative approach is necessary to capture properties emergent from the complex interactions of the social, infrastructural, and ecological subsystems that comprise a city system. We suggest approaches to estimate the relative resilience of midsize cities, and include an example assessment to illustrate one such estimation approach. Resilience assessments of a midsize city can be used to examine why some cities end up on sustainable paths while others diverge to unsustainable paths, and which feedbacks may be partially responsible. They also provide insight into how city planners and decision makers can use information about the resilience of midsize cities undergoing growth or shrinkage relative to their larger and smaller counterparts, to transform them into long-term, sustainable social-ecological systems.
C1 [Allen, Craig R.] Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Birge, Hannah E.; Bevans, Rebecca A.; Burnett, Jessica L.; Uden, Daniel R.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Bartelt-Hunt, Shannon] Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Cosens, Barbara A.] Univ Idaho, Coll Law, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Cai, Ximing] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Garmestani, Ahjond S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Linkov, Igor] US Army Corps Engineer, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Concord, MA 01742 USA.
[Scott, Elizabeth A.] Univ Idaho, Urban Design Ctr, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Solomon, Mark D.] Univ Idaho, Idaho Water Resources Res Inst, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
RP Allen, CR (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, US Geol Survey, Nebraska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
EM allencr@unl.edu; Hannah.birge@huskers.unl.edu; sbartelt2@unl.edu;
bevansbecca@gmail.com; jburnett@huskers.unl.edu; bcosens@uidaho.edu;
xmcai@illinois.edu; garmestani.ahjond@epa.gov;
Igor.Linkov@usace.army.mil; bscott@uidaho.edu; msolomon@uidaho.edu;
daniel.uden@huskers.unl.edu
FU United States Geological Survey; Nebraska Game and Parks Commission;
University of Nebraska-Lincoln; United States Fish and Wildlife Service;
Wildlife Management Institute
FX The Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly
supported by a cooperative agreement between the United States
Geological Survey, the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission, the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln, the United States Fish and Wildlife
Service, and the Wildlife Management Institute.
NR 53
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 32
U2 32
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2071-1050
J9 SUSTAINABILITY-BASEL
JI Sustainability
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 9
AR 844
DI 10.3390/su8090844
PG 24
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences;
Environmental Studies
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DZ0LC
UT WOS:000385529400016
ER
PT J
AU Thometz, NM
Staedler, MM
Tomoleoni, JA
Bodkin, JL
Bentall, GB
Tinker, MT
AF Thometz, N. M.
Staedler, M. M.
Tomoleoni, J. A.
Bodkin, J. L.
Bentall, G. B.
Tinker, M. T.
TI Trade-offs between energy maximization and parental care in a central
place forager, the sea otter
SO BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE diving; Enhydra lutris; optimal foraging; reproductive constraints;
resource availability; TDR
ID ENHYDRA-LUTRIS-NEREIS; SEXUAL SEGREGATION; PREY SELECTION;
INTERINDIVIDUAL VARIATION; INDIVIDUAL VARIATION; DIET SPECIALIZATION;
TIME ALLOCATION; HABITAT USE; BEHAVIOR; CALIFORNIA
AB When food is scarce, finding enough of it can be challenging, and animals may need to change foraging tactics to bring in enough calories. We found that sea otters in food-limited areas generally adjust diving behavior to make deeper, longer, and more costly dives, as predicted by theory; however, females caring for young pups prioritize parental care over optimizing energy intake and thus are more constrained in their potential responses to reduced food.Between 1999 and 2014, 126 archival time-depth recorders (TDRs) were used to examine the foraging behavior of southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis) off the coast of California, in both resource-abundant (recently occupied, low sea otter density) and resource-limited (long-occupied, high sea otter density) locations. Following predictions of foraging theory, sea otters generally behaved as energy rate maximizers. Males and females without pups employed similar foraging strategies to optimize rates of energy intake in resource-limited habitats, with some exceptions. Both groups increased overall foraging effort and made deeper, longer and more energetically costly dives as resources became limited, but males were more likely than females without pups to utilize extreme dive profiles. In contrast, females caring for young pups (a parts per thousand currency sign10 weeks) prioritized parental care over energy optimization. The relative importance of parental care versus energy optimization for adult females with pups appeared to reflect developmental changes as dependent young matured. Indeed, contrary to females during the initial stages of lactation, females with large pups approaching weaning once again prioritized optimizing energy intake. The increasing prioritization of energy optimization over the course of lactation was possible due to the physiological development of pups and likely driven by the energetic deficit incurred by females early in lactation. Our results suggest that regardless of resource availability, females at the end of lactation approach a species-specific ceiling for percent time foraging and that reproductive females in the central portion of the current southern sea otter range are disproportionately affected by resource limitation.
C1 [Thometz, N. M.; Bentall, G. B.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Staedler, M. M.; Bentall, G. B.] Monterey Bay Aquarium, 886 Cannery Row, Monterey, CA 93940 USA.
[Tomoleoni, J. A.; Bentall, G. B.; Tinker, M. T.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Long Marine Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Bodkin, J. L.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Thometz, NM (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Long Marine Lab, 100 Shaffer Rd, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM nthometz@ucsc.edu
OI Tomoleoni, Joseph/0000-0001-6980-251X
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center and Alaska
Science Center; Monterey Bay Aquarium; California Department of Fish and
Wildlife; California Coastal Conservancy; Bureau of Ocean Energy
Management; National Science Foundation [1210591]
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey, Western
Ecological Research Center and Alaska Science Center; Monterey Bay
Aquarium; California Department of Fish and Wildlife; California Coastal
Conservancy; Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; and the National Science
Foundation (Award 1210591).
NR 102
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 35
U2 35
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 1045-2249
EI 1465-7279
J9 BEHAV ECOL
JI Behav. Ecol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1552
EP 1566
DI 10.1093/beheco/arw089
PG 15
WC Behavioral Sciences; Biology; Ecology; Zoology
SC Behavioral Sciences; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics;
Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DX8PI
UT WOS:000384650600038
ER
PT J
AU Wood, N
Jones, J
Schmidtlein, M
Schelling, J
Frazier, T
AF Wood, Nathan
Jones, Jeanne
Schmidtlein, Mathew
Schelling, John
Frazier, Tim
TI Pedestrian flow-path modeling to support tsunami evacuation and disaster
relief planning in the US Pacific Northwest
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISASTER RISK REDUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunami; Evacuation; Response; Relief; Assembly areas; Cascadia
ID COMMUNITY VARIATIONS; POPULATION EXPOSURE; NATURAL DISASTERS;
VULNERABILITY; HAZARD; SCALE
AB Successful evacuations are critical to saving lives from future tsunamis. Pedestrian-evacuation modeling related to tsunami hazards primarily has focused on identifying areas and the number of people in these areas where successful evacuations are unlikely. Less attention has been paid to identifying evacuation pathways and population demand at assembly areas for at-risk individuals that may have sufficient time to evacuate. We use the neighboring coastal communities of Hoquiam, Aberdeen, and Cosmopolis (Washington, USA) and the local tsunami threat posed by Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes as a case study to explore the use of geospatial, least-cost-distance evacuation modeling for supporting evacuation outreach, response, and relief planning. We demonstrate an approach that uses geospatial evacuation modeling to (a) map the minimum pedestrian travel speeds to safety, the most efficient paths, and collective evacuation basins, (b) estimate the total number and demographic description of evacuees at predetermined assembly areas, and (c) determine which paths may be compromised due to earthquake-induced ground failure. Results suggest a wide range in the magnitude and type of evacuees at predetermined assembly areas and highlight parts of the communities with no readily accessible assembly area. Earthquake-induced ground failures could obstruct access to some assembly areas, cause evacuees to reroute to get to other assembly areas, and isolate some evacuees from relief personnel. Evacuation-modeling methods and results discussed here have implications and application to tsunami evacuation outreach, training, response procedures, mitigation, and long-term land use planning to increase community resilience. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Wood, Nathan] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Jones, Jeanne] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Schmidtlein, Mathew] Calif State Univ Sacramento, Dept Geog, 6000 J St, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Schelling, John] State Washington Mil Dept, Emergency Management Div, Bldg 20, Camp Murray, WA 98430 USA.
[Frazier, Tim] Binghamton Univ, Dept Geog, 4400 Vestal Pkwy East, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA.
RP Wood, N (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 2130 SW 5th Ave, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
EM nwood@usgs.gov; jmjones@usgs.gov; schmidtlein@csus.edu;
john.schelling@commerce.wa.gov; fraziert@binghamton.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land Change Science Program
FX This study was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Land
Change Science Program. We thank Mara Tongue of the USGS, Laura Gabel of
the Oregon Department of Geology and Mineral Industries, and anonymous
reviewers for their insightful reviews of earlier versions of the
article. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 2212-4209
J9 INT J DISAST RISK RE
JI Int. J. Disaster Risk Reduct.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 18
BP 41
EP 55
DI 10.1016/j.ijdrr.2016.05.010
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
SC Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water Resources
GA DY1EK
UT WOS:000384837500005
ER
PT J
AU Hahn, MB
Jarnevich, CS
Monaghan, AJ
Eisen, RJ
AF Hahn, Micah B.
Jarnevich, Catherine S.
Monaghan, Andrew J.
Eisen, Rebecca J.
TI Modeling the Geographic Distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes
pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Contiguous United States
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Lyme disease; bioclimatic modeling; habitat suitability; Ixodes
scapularis; Ixodes pacificus
ID BLACKLEGGED TICK ACARI; CLIMATE-BASED MODEL; HUMAN LYME-DISEASE;
BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; WINTER
ACTIVITY; LIFE-CYCLE; DENSITY; DEER
AB In addition to serving as vectors of several other human pathogens, the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and western black-legged tick, Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls, are the primary vectors of the spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) that causes Lyme disease, the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. Over the past two decades, the geographic range of I. pacificus has changed modestly while, in contrast, the I. scapularis range has expanded substantially, which likely contributes to the concurrent expansion in the distribution of human Lyme disease cases in the Northeastern, North-Central and Mid-Atlantic states. Identifying counties that contain suitable habitat for these ticks that have not yet reported established vector populations can aid in targeting limited vector surveillance resources to areas where tick invasion and potential human risk are likely to occur. We used county-level vector distribution information and ensemble modeling to map the potential distribution of I. scapularis and ZI. pacificus in the contiguous United States as a function of climate, elevation, and forest cover. Results show that I. pacificus is currently present within much of the range classified by our model as suitable for establishment. In contrast, environmental conditions are suitable for I. scapularis to continue expanding its range into northwestern Minnesota, central and northern Michigan, within the Ohio River Valley, and inland from the southeastern and Gulf coasts. Overall, our ensemble models show suitable habitat for I. scapularis in 441 eastern counties and for I. pacificus in 11 western counties where surveillance records have not yet supported classification of the counties as established.
C1 [Hahn, Micah B.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Jarnevich, Catherine S.] US Geol Survey, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Monaghan, Andrew J.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
RP Hahn, MB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
EM mhahn@cdc.gov; jarnevichc@usgs.gov; monaghan@ucar.edu; dyn2@cdc.gov
FU National Science Foundation
FX The National Center for Atmospheric Research is sponsored by the
National Science Foundation. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 76
TC 0
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0022-2585
EI 1938-2928
J9 J MED ENTOMOL
JI J. Med. Entomol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 5
BP 1176
EP 1191
DI 10.1093/jme/tjw076
PG 16
WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences
GA DW5SV
UT WOS:000383708100021
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, CD
Twichell, DC
Roberts, MC
Vanderburgh, S
Hostetler, SW
AF Peterson, C. D.
Twichell, D. C.
Roberts, M. C.
Vanderburgh, S.
Hostetler, S. W.
TI Accommodation space in a high-wave-energy inner-shelf during the
Holocene marine transgression: Correlation of onshore and offshore
inner-shelf deposits (0-12 ka) in the Columbia River littoral cell
system, Washington and Oregon, USA
SO MARINE GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERE-OCEAN MODEL; CONTINENTAL-SHELF; DISPERSAL PATTERNS; NORTHEAST
PACIFIC; SEDIMENT; PLEISTOCENE; BARRIERS; CLIMATE; SANDS; EQUILIBRIUM
AB The Columbia River Littoral Cell (CRLC), a high-wave-energy littoral system, extends 160 km alongshore, generally north of the large Columbia River, and 10-15 km in across-shelf distance from paleo-beach backshores to about 50 m present water depths. Onshore drill holes (19 in number and 5-35 m in subsurface depth) and offshore vibracores (33 in number and 1-5 m in subsurface depth) constrain inner-shelf sand grain sizes (sample means 0.13-025 mm) and heavy mineral source indicators (> 90% Holocene Columbia River sand) of the inner-shelf fades (>= 90% fine sand). Stratigraphic correlation of the transgressive ravinement surface in onshore drill holes and in offshore seismic reflection profiles provide age constraints (0-12 ka) on post-ravinement inner-shelf deposits, using paleo-sea level curves and radiocarbon dates. Postravinement deposit thickness (1-50 m) and long-term sedimentation rates (0.4-4.4 m ka(-1)) are positively correlated to the cross-shelf gradients (036-0.63%) of the transgressive ravinement surface. The total post-ravinement fill volume of fine littoral sand (2.48 x 10(10) m(3)) in the inner-shelf represents about 2.07 x 10(6) m(3) year(-1) fine sand accumulation rate during the last 12 ka, or about one third of the estimated middle- to late-Holocene Columbia River bedload or sand discharge (5-6 x 10(6) m(3) year(-1)) to the littoral zone. The fine sand accumulation in the inner-shelf represents postravinement accommodation space resulting from 1) geometry and depth of the transgressive ravinement surface, 2) post-ravinement sea-level rise, and 3) fine sand dispersal in the inner-shelf by combined high-wave-energy and geostrophic flow/down-welling drift currents during major winter storms. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Peterson, C. D.] Portland State Univ, 1721 SW Broadway, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
[Twichell, D. C.] POB 625, W Falmouth, MA 02574 USA.
[Roberts, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Geog, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Roberts, M. C.] Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Earth Sci, 8888 Univ Dr, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
[Vanderburgh, S.] Med Hat Coll, Medicine Hat, AB T1A3Y6, Canada.
[Hostetler, S. W.] US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Peterson, CD (reprint author), Portland State Univ, 1721 SW Broadway, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM curt.d.peterson@gmail.com; tdtwichell@aol.com; mroberts@sfu.ca;
svanderburgh@mhc.ab.ca; steve@coas.oregonstate.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, under the
South West Washington Coastal Erosion Project [1434-HQ-96-AG-01612]
FX James Phipps provided early inspiration for these studies of sediment
partitioning and accommodation space in the Columbia River littoral cell
system. Mark Newman-Bennett and Andrew Zachary assisted with onshore
auger drilling in the CRLC beaches, beach plains and barrier spits.
David Percy analyzed early LIDAR data for onshore drill site elevations.
Dave Qualman operated the surf zone vibracore system and assisted with
core logging and grain-size analysis of the surf zone vibracores.
Kenneth Parolisky operated the offshore seismic reflection system that
was used to profile the CRLC inner-shelf transects. VeeAnn Cross
processed the seismic data and helped compile the maps of shelf
deposits. Marie Ferland operated the offshore vibracore system and
assisted George Kaminsky with core logging and radiocarbon sampling of
the CRLC shelf vibracores. This work was funded by the U.S. Geological
Survey, Coastal and Marine Geology Program, under the South West
Washington Coastal Erosion Project, Coop #1434-HQ-96-AG-01612 from 1996
to 2001.
NR 60
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U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0025-3227
EI 1872-6151
J9 MAR GEOL
JI Mar. Geol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 379
BP 140
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.margeo.2016.05.007
PG 17
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography
SC Geology; Oceanography
GA DY1ND
UT WOS:000384860800013
ER
PT J
AU Teitelbaum, CS
Converse, SJ
Fagan, WF
Bohning-Gaese, K
O'Hara, RB
Lacy, AE
Mueller, T
AF Teitelbaum, Claire S.
Converse, Sarah J.
Fagan, William F.
Boehning-Gaese, Katrin
O'Hara, Robert B.
Lacy, Anne E.
Mueller, Thomas
TI Experience drives innovation of new migration patterns of whooping
cranes in response to global change
SO NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; BIRDS; POPULATION; EVOLUTION; BEHAVIOR; PERFORMANCE;
CONSTRAINT; DISTANCES; MECHANISM; KNOWLEDGE
AB Anthropogenic changes in climate and land use are driving changes in migration patterns of birds worldwide. Spatial changes in migration have been related to long-term temperature trends, but the intrinsic mechanisms by which migratory species adapt to environmental change remain largely unexplored. We show that, for a long-lived social species, older birds with more experience are critical for innovating new migration behaviours. Groups containing older, more experienced individuals establish new overwintering sites closer to the breeding grounds, leading to a rapid population-level shift in migration patterns. Furthermore, these new overwintering sites are in areas where changes in climate have increased temperatures and where food availability from agriculture is high, creating favourable conditions for overwintering. Our results reveal that the age structure of populations is critical for the behavioural mechanisms that allow species to adapt to global change, particularly for long-lived animals, where changes in behaviour can occur faster than evolution.
C1 [Teitelbaum, Claire S.; Boehning-Gaese, Katrin; O'Hara, Robert B.; Mueller, Thomas] Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Teitelbaum, Claire S.; Boehning-Gaese, Katrin; Mueller, Thomas] Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Biol Sci, Max von Laue Str 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
[Converse, Sarah J.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Fagan, William F.] Univ Maryland, Dept Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Lacy, Anne E.] Int Crane Fdn, POB 447,E-11376 Shady Lane Rd, Baraboo, WI 53913 USA.
RP Teitelbaum, CS; Mueller, T (reprint author), Senckenberg Gesell Nat Forsch, Senckenberg Biodivers & Climate Res Ctr, Senckenberganlage 25, D-60325 Frankfurt, Germany.; Teitelbaum, CS; Mueller, T (reprint author), Goethe Univ Frankfurt, Dept Biol Sci, Max von Laue Str 9, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany.
EM claire.teitelbaum@gmail.com; thomas.mueller@senckenberg.de
RI O'Hara, Robert/A-7499-2008;
OI O'Hara, Robert/0000-0001-9737-3724; Converse, Sarah
J/0000-0002-3719-5441
FU Robert Bosch Foundation; NSF [ABI 1458748]
FX C.S.T. and T.M. were supported by the Robert Bosch Foundation. W.F.F.
was supported NSF ABI 1458748. Data were supplied by the Whooping Crane
Eastern Partnership (www.bringbackthecranes.org). UDel_AirT_Precip data
was provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA,
(www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd). We thank C. Hof for his comments on the text
and figures and J.A. Gill for her helpful review of the manuscript.
NR 52
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U1 27
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PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2041-1723
J9 NAT COMMUN
JI Nat. Commun.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 7
AR 12793
DI 10.1038/ncomms12793
PG 7
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DY6RU
UT WOS:000385256500023
PM 27597446
ER
PT J
AU Hess, DJ
Wold, CA
Hunter, E
Nay, J
Worland, S
Gilligan, J
Hornberger, GM
AF Hess, David J.
Wold, Christopher A.
Hunter, Elise
Nay, John
Worland, Scott
Gilligan, Jonathan
Hornberger, George M.
TI Drought, Risk, and Institutional Politics in the American Southwest
SO SOCIOLOGICAL FORUM
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; conservation policy; environment; institutional theory;
political conflict; water scarcity
ID FUTURE; CITIES; US
AB Although there are multiple causes of the water scarcity crisis in the American Southwest, it can be used as a model of the long-term problem of freshwater shortages that climate change will exacerbate. We examine the water-supply crisis for 22 cities in the extended Southwest of the United States and develop a unique, new measure of water conservation policies and programs. Convergent qualitative and quantitative analyses suggest that political conflicts play an important role in the transition of water-supply regimes toward higher levels of demand-reduction policies and programs. Qualitative analysis using institutional theory identifies the interaction of four types of motivating logicsdevelopment, rural preservation, environmental, and urban consumerand shows how demand-reduction strategies can potentially satisfy all four. Quantitative analysis of the explanatory factors for the variation in the adoption of demand-reduction policies points to the overwhelming importance of political preferences as defined by Cook's Partisan Voting Index. We suggest that approaches to water-supply choices are influenced less by direct partisan disagreements than by broad preferences for a development logic based on supply-increase strategies and discomfort with demand-reduction strategies that clash with conservative beliefs.
C1 [Hess, David J.] Dept Sociol, 321C Garland Hall,PMB 351811, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Wold, Christopher A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Sociol, PMB 351811, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Hunter, Elise] Dept Civil & Environm Engn, PMB 351831,2301 Vanderbilt Pl, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Nay, John] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Engn, 2301 Vanderbilt Pl,PMB 351826, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
[Worland, Scott] US Geol Survey, 640 Grassmere Pk, Nashville, TN 37211 USA.
[Gilligan, Jonathan; Hornberger, George M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, PMB 351805,Vanderbilt Pl, Nashville, TN 37211 USA.
RP Hess, DJ (reprint author), Dept Sociol, 321C Garland Hall,PMB 351811, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.
EM david.j.hess@vanderbilt.edu
OI Gilligan, Jonathan/0000-0003-1375-6686
FU U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-1416964]; U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS); National Water-Use Information Program; Lower Mississippi-Gulf
Water Science Center project
FX This project is partially supported by the U.S. National Science
Foundation for the grant "Water Conservation and Hydrological
Transitions in American Cities," Hydrologic Sciences, EAR-1416964, and
by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), National Water-Use Information
Program and the Lower Mississippi-Gulf Water Science Center project "
Water Conservation in American Cities." Any opinions, findings,
conclusions, or recommendations expressed here do not necessarily
reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the USGS. We
also acknowledge using the open-source resources provided by the R
Project, http://www.r-project.org/.?
NR 44
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U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0884-8971
EI 1573-7861
J9 SOCIOL FORUM
JI Sociol. Forum
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 31
SU 1
SI SI
BP 807
EP 827
DI 10.1111/socf.12274
PG 21
WC Sociology
SC Sociology
GA DW4OM
UT WOS:000383622700005
ER
PT J
AU Aycrigg, JL
Groves, C
Hilty, JA
Scott, JM
Beier, P
Boyce, DA
Figg, D
Hamilton, H
Machlis, G
Muller, K
Rosenberg, KV
Sauvajot, RM
Shaffer, M
Wentworth, R
AF Aycrigg, Jocelyn L.
Groves, Craig
Hilty, Jodi A.
Scott, J. Michael
Beier, Paul
Boyce, D. A., Jr.
Figg, Dennis
Hamilton, Healy
Machlis, Gary
Muller, Kit
Rosenberg, K. V.
Sauvajot, Raymond M.
Shaffer, Mark
Wentworth, Rand
TI Completing the System: Opportunities and Challenges for a National
Habitat Conservation System
SO BIOSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE national habitat conservation system; conservation planning;
biodiversity; conservation areas; public-private partnerships
ID LAND-USE CHANGE; PROTECTED AREAS; UNITED-STATES; NATURA 2000;
BIODIVERSITY; NETWORK
AB The United States has achieved significant conservation goals to date, but the loss of biodiversity and ecosystem processes is accelerating. We evaluate opportunities and challenges to conserving our biodiversity by completing a national habitat conservation system, which could stem losses of natural resources and ecosystem services and proactively prepare for climate-change impacts. Lessons learned from two international conservation systems and the infrastructure of national bird conservation partnerships provide examples for completing a national habitat conservation system. One option is to convene a national forum of interested public and private parties to undertake four key actions; develop a common conservation vision and set measureable goals, complete a conservation assessment, use an adaptive management framework to monitor progress toward this vision, and implement strategies to complete a national habitat conservation system. Completing a national habitat conservation system is key to meeting the challenges of conserving habitats and biodiversity of the United States.
C1 [Aycrigg, Jocelyn L.; Scott, J. Michael] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
[Groves, Craig] Sci Nat & People, Bozeman, MT USA.
[Beier, Paul] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Boyce, D. A., Jr.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
[Hamilton, Healy] NatureServe, Conservat Sci, Arlington, VA USA.
[Machlis, Gary; Sauvajot, Raymond M.] Natl Pk Serv, Washington, DC 20240 USA.
[Machlis, Gary] Clemson Univ, Environm Sustainabil, Clemson, SC 29631 USA.
[Muller, Kit] Bur Land Management, Natl Landscape Initiat, Washington, DC USA.
[Rosenberg, K. V.] Cornell Lab Ornithol, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Shaffer, Mark] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Reston, VA USA.
[Wentworth, Rand] Land Trust Alliance, Washington, DC USA.
RP Aycrigg, JL (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Moscow, ID 83843 USA.
EM aycrigg@uidaho.edu
FU US Geological Survey Gap Analysis Program (UGGS GAP) [G12AC20244];
Nature Conservancy; Wildlife Conservation Society; University of Idaho
FX We gratefully acknowledge all the conservation visionaries that have
come before us and brought conservation so far. We thank the National
Park System Advisory Board, especially Gretchen Long who brought
together key partners to start formulating these ideas. Invaluable input
was provided by John A. Hall, Mark Humpert, David Policansky, Elsa
Haubold, and Sharon Scott. JLA was supported by funding from the US
Geological Survey Gap Analysis Program (UGGS GAP) under research work
order #G12AC20244 to the University of Idaho. CG was supported by The
Nature Conservancy, JAH was supported by the Wildlife Conservation
Society, and JMS was supported by the University of Idaho, The views,
statements, findings, conclusions, recommendations, and data in this
manuscript are solely the work of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the policies or positions of the US Government.
NR 54
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U1 8
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3568
EI 1525-3244
J9 BIOSCIENCE
JI Bioscience
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 66
IS 9
BP 774
EP 784
DI 10.1093/biosci/biw090
PG 11
WC Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics
GA DX7XN
UT WOS:000384602800010
ER
PT J
AU Okal, EA
Kirby, SH
Kalligeris, N
AF Okal, Emile A.
Kirby, Stephen H.
Kalligeris, Nikos
TI The Showa Sanriku earthquake of 1933 March 2: a global seismological
reassessment
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Tsunamis; Earthquake source observations; Intra-plate processes
ID HISTORICAL EARTHQUAKES; ALEUTIAN EARTHQUAKE; SOURCE PARAMETERS;
SUBDUCTION ZONES; STRESS TRANSFER; MOMENT TENSOR; WAVES; MAGNITUDE;
FAULTS; DEPTH
AB After 83 yr, the great normal-faulting earthquake of 1933 March 2, which took place off the Japan Trench and produced a devastating tsunami on the Sanriku coast and damaging waves in Hawaii, remains the largest recorded normal-faulting earthquake. This study uses advanced methods to investigate this event using far-field seismological and tsunami data and complements a sister study by Uchida et al. which used exclusively arrival times at Japanese stations. Our relocation of the main shock (39.22A degrees N, 144.45A degrees E, with a poorly constrained depth of less than 40 km) places it in the outer trench slope, below a seafloor depth of 6500 m, in a region of horst-and-graben structure, with fault scarps approximately parallel to the axis of the Japan Trench. Relocated aftershocks show a band of genuine shallow aftershocks parallel to the Japan Trench under the outer trench slope and a region of post-mainshock events landward of the trench axis that occur over roughly the same latitude range and are thought to be the result of stress transfer to the interplate thrust boundary following the normal-faulting rupture. Based on a combination of P-wave first motions and inversion of surface wave spectral amplitudes, we propose a normal-faulting focal mechanism (I center dot = 200A degrees, delta = 61A degrees and lambda = 271A degrees) and a seismic moment M-0 = (7 +/- 1) x 10(28) dyn cm (M-w = 8.5). A wide variety of data, including the distribution of isoseismals, the large magnitudes (up to 8.9) proposed by early investigators before the standardization of magnitude scales, estimates of energy-to-moment ratios and the tentative identification of a T wave at Pasadena (and possibly Riverside), clearly indicate that this seismic source was exceptionally rich in high-frequency wave energy, suggesting a large apparent stress and a sharp rise time, and consistent with the behaviour of many smaller shallow normal-faulting earthquakes. Hydrodynamic simulations based on a range of possible sources consistent with the above findings, including a compound rupture on two opposite-facing normal-faulting segments, are in satisfactory agreement with tsunami observations in Hawaii, where run-up reached 3 m, causing significant damage. This study emphasizes the need to include off-trench normal-faulting earthquake sources in global assessments of tsunami hazards emanating from the subduction of old and cold plates, whose total length of trenches exceed 20 000 km, even though only a handful of great such events are known with confidence in the instrumental record.
C1 [Okal, Emile A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Kirby, Stephen H.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kalligeris, Nikos] Univ Southern Calif, Sonny Astani Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
RP Okal, EA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
EM emile@earth.northwestern.edu
FU National Science Foundation under University of Pittsburgh's Hazards
SEES Grant [OCE-1331463]; National Science Foundation [CMI-1538624]
FX We are grateful to Hiroo Kanamori for sending us a preliminary write up
of his solution for the moment of the 1933 earthquake, and to Naoki
Uchida for collaboration and a data set of Uchida et al. (2016)
relocations. We thank Roger Buck for discussions on stress release in
the upper plate, Norihito Umino for access to T. Matuzawa's collection
of original seismograms and to the Omori records from the Mizusawa
archives, and Takeo Ishibe for a data set of intensity values during the
2011 Tohoku earthquake. EAO was partially supported by the National
Science Foundation, under subcontract from the University of
Pittsburgh's Hazards SEES Grant number OCE-1331463; NK enjoyed support
from the National Science Foundation under Grant CMI-1538624 to the
University of Southern California. The paper was improved through the
comments of two anonymous reviewers. Some figures were plotted using the
GMT software (Wessel & Smith 1991).
NR 78
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PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 206
IS 3
BP 1492
EP 1514
DI 10.1093/gji/ggw206
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DX8PG
UT WOS:000384650400005
ER
PT J
AU Zeng, XF
Thurber, CH
Shelly, DR
Harrington, RM
Cochran, ES
Bennington, NL
Peterson, D
Guo, B
McClement, K
AF Zeng, Xiangfang
Thurber, Clifford H.
Shelly, David R.
Harrington, Rebecca M.
Cochran, Elizabeth S.
Bennington, Ninfa L.
Peterson, Dana
Guo, Bin
McClement, Kara
TI 3-D P- and S-wave velocity structure and low-frequency earthquake
locations in the Parkfield, California region
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Body waves; Seismic tomography
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; ARRIVAL TIMES; SEISMIC TOMOGRAPHY; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE;
IMAGING TECHNIQUE; HAYWARD FAULT; TREMOR; SAFOD; PREDICTION; INVERSION
AB To refine the 3-D seismic velocity model in the greater Parkfield, California region, a new data set including regular earthquakes, shots, quarry blasts and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) was assembled. Hundreds of traces of each LFE family at two temporary arrays were stacked with time-frequency domain phase weighted stacking method to improve signal-to-noise ratio. We extend our model resolution to lower crustal depth with LFE data. Our result images not only previously identified features but also low velocity zones (LVZs) in the area around the LFEs and the lower crust beneath the southern Rinconada Fault. The former LVZ is consistent with high fluid pressure that can account for several aspects of LFE behaviour. The latter LVZ is consistent with a high conductivity zone in magnetotelluric studies. A new Vs model was developed with S picks that were obtained with a new autopicker. At shallow depth, the low Vs areas underlie the strongest shaking areas in the 2004 Parkfield earthquake. We relocate LFE families and analyse the location uncertainties with the NonLinLoc and tomoDD codes. The two methods yield similar results.
C1 [Zeng, Xiangfang; Thurber, Clifford H.; Bennington, Ninfa L.; Peterson, Dana; Guo, Bin; McClement, Kara] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Shelly, David R.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Harrington, Rebecca M.] McGill Univ, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Cochran, Elizabeth S.] US Geol Survey, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
RP Zeng, XF (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM zengxf@geology.wisc.edu
FU USGS, Department of the Interior under USGS Award [G14AP00056]; Southern
California Earthquake Center (SCEC) [6293]; NSF [EAR-1033462]; USGS
[G12AC20038]
FX Research was supported in part by the USGS, Department of the Interior,
under USGS Award Number G14AP00056 to the University of
Wisconsin-Madison. The views and conclusions contained in this document
are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily
representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the
U.S. Government. This research was supported by the Southern California
Earthquake Center (SCEC, Contribution No. 6293). SCEC is funded by NSF
Cooperative Agreement EAR-1033462 and USGS Cooperative Agreement
G12AC20038. Waveform data for this study accessed through the Northern
California Earthquake Data Center (NCEDC, doi: 10.7932/NCEDC). All
figures were plotted with the Generic Mapping Tools (Wessel & Smith
1991).
NR 44
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U1 7
U2 7
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 206
IS 3
BP 1574
EP 1585
DI 10.1093/gji/ggw217
PG 12
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DX8PG
UT WOS:000384650400011
ER
PT J
AU Uchida, N
Kirby, SH
Umino, N
Hino, R
Kazakami, T
AF Uchida, Naoki
Kirby, Stephen H.
Umino, Norihito
Hino, Ryota
Kazakami, Tomoe
TI The great 1933 Sanriku-oki earthquake: reappraisal of the main shock and
its aftershocks and implications for its tsunami using regional tsunami
and seismic data
SO GEOPHYSICAL JOURNAL INTERNATIONAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Earthquake dynamics; Earthquake source observations; Seismicity and
tectonics; Subduction zone processes; Dynamics: seismotectonics; Pacific
Ocean
ID JAPAN TRENCH; OUTER SLOPE; INTRAPLATE SEISMICITY; NORTHEASTERN JAPAN;
TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE; SUBDUCTION ZONE; PACIFIC COAST; HAYWARD FAULT;
OCEAN-BOTTOM; LOWER PLANES
AB The aftershock distribution of the 1933 Sanriku-oki outer trench earthquake is estimated by using modern relocation methods and a newly developed velocity structure to examine the spatial extent of the source-fault and the possibility of a triggered interplate seismicity. In this study, we first examined the regional data quality of the 1933 earthquake based on smoked-paper records and then relocated the earthquakes by using the 3-D velocity structure and double-difference method. The improvements of hypocentre locations using these methods were confirmed by the examination of recent earthquakes that are accurately located based on ocean bottom seismometer data. The results show that the 1933 aftershocks occurred under both the outer- and inner-trench-slope regions. In the outer-trench-slope region, aftershocks are distributed in a similar to 280-km-long area and their depths are shallower than 50 km. Although we could not constrain the fault geometry from the hypocentre distribution, the depth distribution suggests the whole lithosphere is probably not under deviatoric tension at the time of the 1933 earthquake. The occurrence of aftershocks under the inner trench slope was also confirmed by an investigation of waveform frequency difference between outer and inner trench earthquakes as recorded at Mizusawa. The earthquakes under the inner trench slope were shallow (depth a parts per thousand broken vertical bar 30 km) and the waveforms show a low-frequency character similar to the waveforms of recent, precisely located earthquakes in the same area. They are also located where recent activity of interplate thrust earthquakes is high. These suggest that the 1933 outer-trench-slope main shock triggered interplate earthquakes, which is an unusual case in the order of occurrence in contrast with the more common pairing of a large initial interplate shock with subsequent outer-slope earthquakes. The off-trench earthquakes are distributed about 80 km width in the trench perpendicular direction. This wide width cannot be explained from a single high-angle fault confined at a shallow depth (depth a parts per thousand broken vertical bar 50 km). The upward motion of the 1933 tsunami waveform records observed at Sanriku coast also cannot be explained from a single high-angle west-dipping normal fault. If we consider additional fault, involvement of high-angle, east-dipping normal faults can better explain the tsunami first motion and triggering of the aftershock in a wide area under the outer trench slope. Therefore multiple off-trench normal faults may have activated during the 1933 earthquake. We also relocated recent (2001-2012) seismicity by the same method. The results show that the present seismicity in the outer-trench-slope region can be divided into several groups along the trench. Comparison of the 1933 rupture dimensions based on our aftershock relocations with the morphologies of fault scarps in the outer trench slope suggest that the rupture was limited to the region where fault scarps are largely trench parallel and cross cut the seafloor spreading fabric. These findings imply that bending geometry and structural segmentation of the incoming plate largely controls the spatial extent of the 1933 seismogenic faulting. In this shallow rupture model for this largest outer trench earthquake, triggered seismicity in the forearc and structural control of faulting represent an important deformation styles for off-trench and shallow megathrust zones.
C1 [Uchida, Naoki; Umino, Norihito; Hino, Ryota] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Res Ctr Predict Earthquakes & Volcan Erupt, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
[Kirby, Stephen H.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kazakami, Tomoe] Natl Res Inst Earth Sci & Disaster Prevent, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 3050006, Japan.
RP Uchida, N (reprint author), Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Sci, Res Ctr Predict Earthquakes & Volcan Erupt, Sendai, Miyagi 9808578, Japan.
EM naoki.uchida.b6@tohoku.ac.jp
RI Uchida, Naoki/D-6103-2012
OI Uchida, Naoki/0000-0002-4220-9625
NR 68
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U1 2
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0956-540X
EI 1365-246X
J9 GEOPHYS J INT
JI Geophys. J. Int.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 206
IS 3
BP 1619
EP 1633
DI 10.1093/gji/ggw234
PG 15
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DX8PG
UT WOS:000384650400014
ER
PT J
AU Briggs, AS
Hondorp, DW
Quinlan, HR
Boase, JC
Mohr, LC
AF Briggs, Andrew S.
Hondorp, Darryl W.
Quinlan, Henry R.
Boase, James C.
Mohr, Lloyd C.
TI Electronic archival tags provide first glimpse of bathythermal habitat
use by free-ranging adult lake sturgeon Acipenser fulvescens
SO JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE archival tags; Lake Huron; bathythermal; habitat use; lake sturgeon;
Acipenser fulvescens
ID MOVEMENT PATTERNS; MICHIGAN; RIVER; TROUT; FISH
AB Information on lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) depth and thermal habitat use during non-spawning periods is unavailable due to the difficulty of observing lake sturgeon away from shallow water spawning sites. In 2002 and 2003, lake sturgeon captured in commercial trap nets near Sarnia, Ontario were implanted with archival tags and released back into southern Lake Huron. Five of the 40 tagged individuals were recaptured and were at large for 32, 57, 286, 301, and 880 days. Temperatures and depths recorded by archival tags ranged from 0 to 23.5 oC and 0.1 to 42.4 m, respectively. For the three lake sturgeon that were at large for over 200 days, temperatures occupied emulated seasonal fluctuations. Two of these fish occupied deeper waters during winter than summer while the other occupied similar depths during non-spawning periods. This study provides important insight into depth and thermal habitat use of lake sturgeon throughout the calendar year along with exploring the feasibility of using archival tags to obtain important physical habitat attributes during non-spawning periods.
C1 [Briggs, Andrew S.; Boase, James C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alpena Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Waterford, MI 48327 USA.
[Hondorp, Darryl W.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Quinlan, Henry R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ashland Fishery Resources Off, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Mohr, Lloyd C.] Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, Owen Sound, ON N4K 2Z1, Canada.
RP Briggs, AS (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Alpena Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Waterford, MI 48327 USA.
EM andrew_briggs@fws.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Science Support
Partnership
FX U.S. Geological Survey - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Science Support
Partnership.
NR 12
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Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0270-5060
EI 2156-6941
J9 J FRESHWATER ECOL
JI J. Freshw. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 3
BP 477
EP 483
DI 10.1080/02705060.2016.1152321
PG 7
WC Ecology; Limnology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DX3JV
UT WOS:000384270300015
ER
PT J
AU Chambert, T
Hossack, BR
Fishback, L
Davenport, JM
AF Chambert, Thierry
Hossack, Blake R.
Fishback, LeeAnn
Davenport, Jon M.
TI Estimating abundance in the presence of species uncertainty
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Culaea inconstans; N-mixture models; population size estimation;
Pseudacris maculata; Pungitius pungitius; Rana sylvatica; species
uncertainty
ID N-MIXTURE MODELS; REPLICATED COUNTS; POPULATIONS; DETECTIONS; SELECTION;
DYNAMICS; BEHAVIOR; RARE
AB N-mixture models have become a popular method for estimating abundance of free-ranging animals that are not marked or identified individually. These models have been used on count data for single species that can be identified with certainty. However, co-occurring species often look similar during one or more life stages, making it difficult to assign species for all recorded captures. This uncertainty creates problems for estimating species-specific abundance, and it can often limit life stages to which we can make inference. We present a new extension of N-mixture models that accounts for species uncertainty. In addition to estimating site-specific abundances and detection probabilities, this model allows estimating probability of correct assignment of species identity. We implement this hierarchical model in a Bayesian framework and provide all code for running the model in BUGS language programs. We present an application of the model on count data from two sympatric freshwater fishes, the brook stickleback (Culaea inconstans) and the ninespine stickleback (Pungitius pungitius), and illustrate implementation of covariate effects (habitat characteristics). In addition, we used a simulation study to validate the model and illustrate potential sample size issues. We also compared, for both real and simulated data, estimates provided by our model to those obtained by a simple N-mixture model when captures of unknown species identification were discarded. In the latter case, abundance estimates appeared highly biased and very imprecise, while our new model provided unbiased estimates with higher precision. This extension of the N-mixture model should be useful for a wide variety of studies and taxa, as species uncertainty is a common issue. It should notably help improve investigation of abundance and vital rate characteristics of organisms' early life stages, which are sometimes more difficult to identify than adults.
C1 [Chambert, Thierry] Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Chambert, Thierry] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Hossack, Blake R.] US Geol Survey, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Fishback, LeeAnn] Churchill Northern Studies Ctr, POB 610, Churchill, MB R0B 0E0, Canada.
[Davenport, Jon M.] Southeast Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, One Univ Plaza,MS 6200, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 USA.
RP Chambert, T (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Management, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Chambert, T (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM thierry.chambert@gmail.com
OI Chambert, Thierry/0000-0002-9450-9080
FU Churchill Northern Studies Centre; Earthwatch Institute's Climate Change
at the Arctic's Edge program; U.S. Geological Survey - Amphibian
Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI)
FX We thank D. Gibson, J. Verstege, A. Goodman and A. Winegardner for field
assistance and data entry. We are grateful to all Earthwatch
participants who helped collect data. We also thank the associate editor
and three anonymous reviewers who provided constructive comments and
helped us improve this manuscript. Funding for this research was
provided by the Churchill Northern Studies Centre, the Earthwatch
Institute's Climate Change at the Arctic's Edge program and the U.S.
Geological Survey - Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI).
Research was conducted under permits WB13734 to W.B. Cash and J.M.
Davenport. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This is contribution number 535 of the U.S. Geological Survey Amphibian
Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI).
NR 39
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U1 14
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 9
BP 1041
EP 1049
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12570
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DX5SI
UT WOS:000384441600004
ER
PT J
AU Krementz, DG
Willard, KL
Carroll, JM
Dugger, KM
AF Krementz, David G.
Willard, Karen L.
Carroll, J. Matthew
Dugger, Katie M.
TI King Rail (Rallus elegans) Nesting and Brood-rearing Ecology in a
Managed Wetland in Oklahoma, USA
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE chick survival rate; clutch size; habitat use; King Rail; Oklahoma;
Rallus elegans
ID SURVIVAL; MARSH; BIRDS; SELECTION; CHICKS; AGE
AB The King Rail (Rallus elegans) is a secretive marsh bird of conservation concern. Reproductive success is thought to be a limiting factor for the inland migratory population. Reproductive effort of King Rails was studied in southeastern Oklahoma, USA, from 2010-2012 using surveys, radio-telemetry, nest searching and brood observations. During 2011-2012, 27-29 King Rail territories were documented. Ten nests were located between the first week in April and the first week in July with a mean clutch size of 10.3 (SE = 0.80). Water depth at nests was shallow (< 15 cm), and nest sites were in locations with more visual obstruction, more microtopographic variation, and more woody stems, while open water cover was less than at random sites. Nine broods were followed and were found to use rearing sites that were in deeper water and had a greater percent of tall emergent vegetation and more woody vegetation than random sites. Brood size dropped from an average of nine to two chicks by the second week. Weekly brood survival rate was 0.87 (SE = 0.045), which resulted in a 29% probability of greater than one chick surviving to fledge at 9 weeks. Increasing reproductive success is a management concern for this inland migratory population of King Rails.
C1 [Krementz, David G.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Willard, Karen L.; Carroll, J. Matthew] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Dugger, Katie M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Oregon Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Carroll, J. Matthew] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, 008 Agr Hall, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP Krementz, DG (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM krementz@uark.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Geological Survey Arkansas
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; University of Arkansas
Institute of Animal Care and Use Committee [10017, 11029, 4813, 5125,
23002]; University of Arkansas
FX Funding for this study was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, University of Arkansas, and U.S. Geological Survey Arkansas
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit. We thank Robert Bastarache
of the U.S. Forest Service, Greg Allen of the U.S. Department of
Agriculture Natural Resources Conservation Service, and David Arbour,
Richard Beagles, Terry Stuart and Alan Stacey of the Oklahoma Department
of Wildlife Conservation for all of their support and assistance. We
thank Brad Pickens and Robert Bastarache for reviewing an early draft of
our manuscript. We also thank the Oklahoma State University Forest
Resources Center for providing housing. Any use of trade, firm, or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This study was performed under the
auspices of the University of Arkansas Institute of Animal Care and Use
Committee protocols #10017 and #11029, Oklahoma scientific collector's
permits #4813 and #5125, and Federal bird banding permit #23002.
NR 34
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PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 3
BP 241
EP 249
PG 9
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DX8IL
UT WOS:000384631200002
ER
PT J
AU Parks, MA
Collazo, JA
Alvarez, KRR
AF Parks, Morgan A.
Collazo, Jaime A.
Alvarez, Katsi R. Ramos
TI Factors Affecting Wetland Connectivity for Wintering Semipalmated
Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) in the Caribbean
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Calidris pusilla; Caribbean; mark-resight; movement rates; overwintering
habitat; residency rates; Semipalmated Sandpiper; wetland connectivity
ID WESTERN SANDPIPERS; LANDSCAPE CONNECTIVITY; AGRICULTURAL VALLEY; FOOD
ABUNDANCE; PUERTO-RICO; SHOREBIRDS; MIGRATION; SURVIVAL; ECOLOGY;
CAROLINA
AB Wetland connectivity provides migratory shorebirds varying options to meet energy requirements to survive and complete their annual cycle. Multiple factors mediate movement and residency of spatially segregated wetlands. Information on these factors is lacking in the tropics, yet such information is invaluable for conservation design. The influence of seven biotic and abiotic factors on local movement and residency rates of Semipalmated Sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) among three major wetlands in southwestern Puerto Rico in 2013-2014 was assessed using multi-state models. The model with highest support (AIC(c) w(i), = 0.78) indicated that weekly residency rates increased seasonally, and were positively influenced by bird abundance and the interaction of prey density and rainfall. Movement rates were negatively influenced by inter-wetland distance, which varied annually, ranging from 0.01 +/- 0.004 to 0.33 +/- 0.08. Age class (adult, juvenile), extent of shoreline habitat (km), and body condition (estimated percent fat) did not influence residency rates (95% CIs overlapped Betas). Our findings indicated that coastal wetlands in southwestern Puerto Rico were connected, pointing at the joint value of salt flats and mangroves for overwintering Semipalmated Sandpipers. Connectivity between different types of wetlands likely widens resource diversity, which is essential for coping with unpredictable environments. Additional work is needed to generalize our understanding of inter-wetland dynamics and their potential benefits to inform shorebird conservation strategies in the Caribbean.
C1 [Parks, Morgan A.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Collazo, Jaime A.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Alvarez, Katsi R. Ramos] Puerto Rico Dept Nat & Environm Resources, Yellow Shouldered Blackbird Project, POB 3665 Marina Stn, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA.
RP Collazo, JA (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Appl Ecol, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM jcollazo@ncsu.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Department of Natural and Environmental
Resources
FX We thank the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and Department of Natural
and Environmental Resources for financially supporting this project.
Special thanks go to O. Diaz. We also thank A. Falcon, B. Brown, L.
Sanoguet, A. Irizarry, L. Sepulveda, R. Rivera, F. Stetler, J. Irizarry,
B. Romero, A. Munters, D. Herman, D. Hardgrove, and A. Davila for their
assistance in the field. We also thank J. Hines, K. Pacifici, S.
Dinsmore, and B. Reich for assistance with statistical analyses and
suggestions on an earlier version of the manuscript. The full model
selection table (47 models) is available from the corresponding author
upon request. Work was conducted under the North Carolina State
University IACUC permit 13-068-B. Any use of trade, product, or firms
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 3
BP 250
EP 259
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DX8IL
UT WOS:000384631200003
ER
PT J
AU Choi, CY
Lee, KS
Poyarkov, ND
Park, JY
Lee, H
Takekawa, JY
Smith, LM
Ely, CR
Wang, X
Cao, L
Fox, AD
Goroshko, O
Batbayar, N
Prosser, D
Xiao, XM
AF Choi, Chang-Yong
Lee, Ki-Sup
Poyarkov, Nikolay D.
Park, Jin-Young
Lee, Hansoo
Takekawa, John Y.
Smith, Lacy M.
Ely, Craig R.
Wang, Xin
Cao, Lei
Fox, Anthony D.
Goroshko, Oleg
Batbayar, Nyambayar
Prosser, Diann
Xiao, Xiangming
TI Low Survival Rates of Swan Geeie (Anser cygnoides) Estimated from
Neck-collar Resighting and Telemetry
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Anser cygnoides; demography; neck-collar; survival rate; Swan Goose;
telemetry
ID EMPEROR GEESE; SEASONAL SURVIVAL; SHENGJIN LAKE; ROSSS GEESE; NECKBANDS;
CHINA
AB Waterbird survival rates are a key component of demographic modeling used for effective conservation of long-lived threatened species. The Swan Goose (Anser cygnoides) is globally threatened and the most vulnerable goose species endemic to East Asia due to its small and rapidly declining population. To address a current knowledge gap in demographic parameters of the Swan Goose, available datasets were compiled from neck-collar resighting and telemetry studies, and two different models were used to estimate their survival rates. Results of a mark-resighting model using 15 years of neck-collar data (2001-2015) provided age -dependent survival rates and season -dependent encounter rates with a constant neck-collar retention rate. Annual survival rate was 0.638 (95% CI: 0.378-0.803) for adults and 0.122 (95% CI: 0.028-0.286) for first-year juveniles. Known-fate models were applied to the single season of telemetry data (autumn 2014) and estimated a mean annual survival rate of 0.408 (95% CI: 0.152-0.670) with higher but non-significant differences for adults (0.477) vs. juveniles (0.306). Our findings indicate that Swan Goose survival rates are comparable to the lowest rates reported for European or North American goose species. Poor survival may be a key demographic parameter contributing to their declining trend. Quantitative threat assessments and associated conservation measures, such as restricting hunting, may be a key step to mitigate for their low survival rates and maintain or enhance their population.
C1 [Choi, Chang-Yong; Xiao, Xiangming] Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Choi, Chang-Yong; Takekawa, John Y.; Smith, Lacy M.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Lee, Ki-Sup] Waterbird Network Korea, Seoul 03147, South Korea.
[Poyarkov, Nikolay D.] Lomonosov Moscow State Univ, Dept Vertebrate Zool, Moscow 119899, Russia.
[Park, Jin-Young] Natl Inst Biol Resources, Inchon 22689, South Korea.
[Lee, Hansoo] Korea Inst Environm Ecol, Daejeon 34014, South Korea.
[Takekawa, John Y.] Audubon Calif, 376 Greenwood Beach Rd, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
[Ely, Craig R.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Wang, Xin; Cao, Lei] Chinese Acad Sci, Ecoenvironm Sci Res Ctr, State Key Lab Urban & Reg Ecol, Beijing 100085, Peoples R China.
[Fox, Anthony D.] Univ Aarhus, Dept Biosci, Grenavej 14, DK-8410 Kalo, Ronde, Denmark.
[Goroshko, Oleg] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Nat Resources Ecol & Cryol, Daursky State Biosphere Reserve, Chita 672014, Russia.
[Batbayar, Nyambayar] Wildlife Sci & Conservat Ctr, Union Bldg B802,Unesco St, Ulaanbaatar 14210, Mongol Peo Rep.
[Prosser, Diann] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20706 USA.
RP Xiao, XM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Ctr Spatial Anal, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
EM xiangming.xiao@ou.edu
FU Keidanren Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Fogarty International Center (FIC) [1R56TW009502-01]; National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [1R01AI101028-01AI]; U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS grant) [A14-0064]; National Natural Science
Foundation of China [31500315, 31370416]; State Key Laboratory of Urban
and Regional Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences [SKLURE2013-1-05];
National Key Technology RD Program [2015BAD13B01]; National Grand
Science and Technology Special Project of Water Pollution Control and
Improvement [2014ZX07204006]; China Biodiversity Observation Networks
(Sino BON)
FX Many parts of this study are indebted to the fieldwork of the late
Nikolay D. Poyarkov, who was dedicated to Swan Goose research and
conservation. We are grateful to colleagues of the Japanese Association
for Wild Geese Protection, Wildlife Science and Conservation Center of
Mongolia, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Goose, Swan and Duck Study
Group of Northern Palearctic, Bird Ringing Centre of Russia, and Chinese
Academy of Science for their assistance. We also thank the Korea
Waterbird Network, Korean Wild Bird Society, and individual birdwatchers
and researchers who provided and documented re sighting records of
neck-collared geese in South Korea. Initial fieldwork from 2001 to 2003
was funded by the Keidanren Science Foundation. The telemetry study was
supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Fogarty
International Center (FIC) (1R56TW009502-01), National Institute of
Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) (1R01AI101028-01AI), U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS grant A14-0064), National Natural Science
Foundation of China (Grant No. 31500315 and 31370416), State Key
Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences
(SKLURE2013-1-05), the National Key Technology R&D Program
(2015BAD13B01), National Grand Science and Technology Special Project of
Water Pollution Control and Improvement (2014ZX07204006), and China
Biodiversity Observation Networks (Sino BON). Parts of the procedures
for this field research were approved by Institutional Animal Care and
Use Committee of the University of Oklahoma (AUS R12-004). Sex was
identified through cloacal examination by A. D. Fox. We also appreciate
two anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on earlier drafts.
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 1
PU WATERBIRD SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 3
BP 277
EP 286
PG 10
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DX8IL
UT WOS:000384631200006
ER
PT J
AU King, DT
Fischer, J
Strickland, B
Walter, WD
Cunningham, FL
Wang, GM
AF King, D. Tommy
Fischer, Justin
Strickland, Bronson
Walter, W. David
Cunningham, Fred L.
Wang, Guiming
TI Winter and Summer Home Ranges of American White Pelicans (Pelecanus
erythrorhynchos) Captured at Loafing Sites in the Southeastern United
States
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE American White Pelican; aquaculture; home range; kernel density
estimation; movements; Pelecanus erythrorhynchos; plug-in bandwidth;
satellite telemetry
ID KERNEL DENSITY-ESTIMATION; BANDWIDTH SELECTION; NORTH-DAKOTA; SIZE;
ESTIMATORS; TELEMETRY; BEHAVIOR; BIOLOGY
AB Satellite telemetry was used to investigate summer and winter home ranges for resident and migrant American White Pelicans (Pelecanus erythrorhynchos) captured in the southeastern United States between 2002 and 2007. Home range utilization distributions were calculated using 50% and 95% kernel density estimators with the plug-in bandwidth selector. Mean summer home ranges (95%) varied from 177 to 4,710 km(2) and mean winter home ranges (95%) ranged from 185 to 916 km2. Mean 50% and 95% home ranges of adult American White Pelicans during summer tended to be larger than those during winter, whereas mean 50% and 95% home ranges of immature pelicans during summer tended to be smaller than those during winter. Home ranges for all American White Pelicans encompassed the latitude range of 24 degrees-55 degrees N, including wintering, stop over, and nesting habitat. These data provide baseline movement and home range data for future studies of American White Pelican ecology.
C1 [King, D. Tommy; Cunningham, Fred L.] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Fischer, Justin] Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Strickland, Bronson; Wang, Guiming] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Wildlife Fisheries & Aquaculture, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
[Walter, W. David] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 403 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
RP King, DT (reprint author), Wildlife Serv, USDA, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, POB 6099, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM Tommy.King@aphis.usda.gov
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PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 3
BP 287
EP 294
PG 8
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DX8IL
UT WOS:000384631200007
ER
PT J
AU Murphy, RK
Mojica, EK
Dwyer, JF
McPherron, MM
Wright, GD
Harness, RE
Pandey, AK
Serbousek, KL
AF Murphy, Robert K.
Mojica, Elizabeth K.
Dwyer, James F.
McPherron, Michelle M.
Wright, Gregory D.
Harness, Richard E.
Pandey, Arun K.
Serbousek, Kimberly L.
TI Crippling and Nocturnal Biases in a Study of Sandhill Crane (Grus
canadensis) Collisions with a Transmission Line
SO WATERBIRDS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bird Strike Indicator; Central Flyway; Grus canadensis; migratory birds;
mortality; Nebraska; Platte River; power line collision; Sandhill Crane;
survey bias
ID POWER-LINES; MORTALITY; CARCASSES; RISK
AB Collisions with power lines are a widely documented cause of avian mortality. Estimating total mortalities from counts of carcasses is usually accomplished by quantifying biasing factors, but neither crippling nor nocturnal biases are well understood. From 4 March through 13 April 2009, data were collected on Sandhill Crane (Gras canadensis) collisions involving a 69-kV transmission line crossing the Platte River in Nebraska, USA, at a major migration stopover area. The line was marked with devices designed to increase visibility to Sandhill Cranes, and thus reduce collisions. Numbers of carcasses detected via traditional searches that involved walking slowly in a zigzag pattern beneath the line were compared to numbers of collisions visually observed through binoculars and night vision spotting scopes and numbers of collisions detected by electronic Bird Strike Indicators (BSI). Seventeen carcasses were found during traditional surveys, 117 collisions were observed visually, and 321 collisions were recorded by BSIs. Most collisions occurred at night, with crippled Sandhill Cranes departing survey transects. Total mortality, including crippling and nocturnal biases, was 2.8 to 3.7 times greater than indicated by a traditional corrected-count mortality estimator. Neither crippling bias nor nocturnal bias were adequately considered by the traditional estimator. Consistent with other studies of avian collision, line marking was only partially successful in reducing collisions.
C1 [Murphy, Robert K.; McPherron, Michelle M.; Wright, Gregory D.; Serbousek, Kimberly L.] Univ Nebraska Kearney, Dept Biol, Kearney, NE 68849 USA.
[Murphy, Robert K.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, Albuquerque, NM 87103 USA.
[Mojica, Elizabeth K.; Dwyer, James F.; Harness, Richard E.; Pandey, Arun K.] EDM Int Inc, 4001 Automat Way, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
RP Mojica, EK (reprint author), EDM Int Inc, 4001 Automat Way, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA.
EM lmojica@edmlink.com
OI Mojica, Elizabeth/0000-0001-6941-4840
FU Nebraska Game and Parks Commission through the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service
FX Two anonymous reviewers improved an early draft of this work. Funding
from the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission through the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service supported our fieldwork. Dawson Public Power District
installed line markers. We thank the Nebraska Game and Parks Commission,
Nebraska Rural Electric Association, National Audubon Society's Lillian
Rowe Sanctuary, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for additional
support. We are grateful to C. Fickel and M. Morten for field
assistance. M. Fritz, B. Taddicken, R. Harms, and J. Runge facilitated
study implementation. J. Goodrich-Mahoney helped support BSI
instrumentation. Findings and conclusions in this article do not
necessarily reflect views of the U.S. Department of the Interior, Fish
and Wildlife Service, which employed RKM during analyses and
publication. Use of Sandhill Crane carcasses in bias trials were
authorized under Migratory Bird Special Purpose permit MBO49028-0.
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PI WASHINGTON
PA NATL MUSEUM NATURAL HISTORY SMITHSONIAN INST, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA
SN 1524-4695
EI 1938-5390
J9 WATERBIRDS
JI Waterbirds
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 3
BP 312
EP 317
PG 6
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DX8IL
UT WOS:000384631200011
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, FA
Case, DJ
Humburg, DD
AF Johnson, Fred A.
Case, David J.
Humburg, Dale D.
TI Learning and adaptation in waterfowl conservation: By chance or by
design?
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptation; adaptive management; complex adaptive system;
decision-making; panarchy; waterfowl conservation
ID SOCIAL-ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS; NORTH-AMERICAN WATERFOWL; RESILIENCE;
MANAGEMENT; EVOLUTION; HARVEST
AB The most recent revision of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan seeks to increase the adaptive capacity of the management enterprise to cope with accelerating changes in climate, land-use patterns, agency priorities, and the waterfowl and wetlands constituency. Institutional and cultural changes of the magnitude envisioned are necessarily slow, messy processes, involving many actors who at a minimum must agree on the need for change. Waterfowl conservation now finds itself in the transition zone between business as usual and some new mode of operation. There are at least 2 different perspectives of this transition: one focuses on process, accountability, and planning for change; another focuses on solutions generated from an organic process of creativity, information sharing, and risk-taking. Both of these views have something to contribute, but some in the wildlife management enterprise may tend to focus more on the first view. We suggest that ideas from panarchy theory, especially those related to the behaviors of complex adaptive systems, can help waterfowl managers better understand and foster the institutional changes they seek. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
The most recent revision of the North American Waterfowl Management Plan seeks to increase the adaptive capacity of the management enterprise to cope with accelerating changes in climate, land-use patterns, agency priorities, and the waterfowl and wetlands constituency. Ideas from panarchy theory, especially those related to the behaviors of complex adaptive systems, may help waterfowl managers better understand and foster the institutional changes they seek.
C1 [Johnson, Fred A.] US Geol Survey, 7920 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
[Case, David J.] DJ Case & Associates, 317 E Jefferson Blvd, Mishawaka, IN 46545 USA.
[Humburg, Dale D.] Ducks Unltd Inc, One Waterfowl Way, Memphis, TN 38120 USA.
RP Johnson, FA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 7920 NW 71 St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM fjohnson@usgs.gov
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 423
EP 427
DI 10.1002/wsb.682
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA DY0XG
UT WOS:000384818900003
ER
PT J
AU Longshore, K
Lowrey, C
Cummings, P
AF Longshore, Kathleen
Lowrey, Christopher
Cummings, Patrick
TI Foraging at the wildland-urban interface decouples weather as a driver
of recruitment for desert bighorn sheep
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE bighorn sheep; disturbance; ecological decoupling; Ovis canadensis
nelsoni; recruitment; wildland-urban interface
ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; MOUNTAIN SHEEP; POPULATION; SURVIVAL; DENSITY;
SELECTION; DYNAMICS; RESOURCE; HABITAT
AB A growing number of ungulate populations are living within or near the wildland-urban interface. When resources at the interface are of greater quality than that of adjacent natural habitat, wildlife can be attracted to these developed areas. Little is known about how use of the wildland-urban interface by wildlife may affect vital rates. Under natural conditions, recruitment by desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis nelsoni) correlates with variation in the timing and amount of rainfall that initiates and enhances growth of annual plant species. However, for populations that forage in developed areas, this relationship may become decoupled. In the River Mountains of Nevada, USA, desert bighorn sheep have been feeding in a municipal park at the wildland-urban interface since its establishment in 1985. Approximately one-third of the population now uses the park during summer months when nutritional content of natural forage is low. We hypothesized that use of this municipal area, with its abundant vegetation and water resources, may have decoupled the previous relationship between precipitation and lamb recruitment. We assessed variables known to affect lamb recruitment before (1971-1986) and after (1987-2006) establishment of the park using linear regression models. Our top candidate model for the pre-park period indicated that total November precipitation was the greatest driver of lamb recruitment in this population. After park establishment, this relationship became decoupled because lamb recruitment was no longer driven by weather variables. These results raise questions about the effects of decoupling drivers of population growth and maintaining natural populations near urban areas. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Longshore, Kathleen; Lowrey, Christopher] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Cummings, Patrick] Nevada Dept Wildlife, 4747 Vegas Dr, Las Vegas, NV 89108 USA.
RP Longshore, K (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 160 N Stephanie St, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM longshore@usgs.gov
FU National Park Service, through a Southern Nevada Public Lands Management
Act Grant; U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center
FX Financial support for this project was provided by the National Park
Service, through a Southern Nevada Public Lands Management Act Grant,
and by the U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center.
We thank the Nevada Department of Wildlife, A. Curtis, and S. Kimble for
providing population survey data. We thank E. Boydston for her valuable
comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. We thank M. Hewison
and 2 anonymous reviewers for comments that improved the manuscript. We
also thank J. Yee of the U.S. Geological Survey for statistical advice.
The use of trade, product, or firm names in this product is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 494
EP 499
DI 10.1002/wsb.679
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA DY0XG
UT WOS:000384818900012
ER
PT J
AU Goldstein, M
Williams, CK
Castelli, PM
Duren, KR
AF Goldstein, Marissa
Williams, Christopher K.
Castelli, Paul M.
Duren, Kenneth R.
TI Addressing variability in estuarine food density for American black
ducks
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE Anas rubripes; black duck; core samples; food density; salt marsh;
sampling variance; waterfowl; winter
ID WATERFOWL FOODS; SOIL; SURVIVAL; SAMPLES; VALLEY
AB Habitat limitation and availability of food energy may be the cause of decline in American black duck (Anas rubripes) populations. Estimating food availability is a critical step in developing winter carrying-capacity estimates for black ducks. Recent research has estimated the biomass and energy supply of winter black duck foods in coastal marshes using a single-core sampling method, but estimates had large variability. We tested whether taking bulk core samples (i.e., homogenizing multiple core samples and subsampling a single core from it) at the same location (vs. a single core sample) would alter the mean and variance in food estimates in 7 different landscape-vegetation types (hereafter, habitat types: mudflat, subtidal, low marsh, high marsh, quasi-tidal pools, a tidal impoundment, and a freshwater impoundment) in coastal New Jersey, USA, during 2011. In all but one habitat type, there were no differences in the mean biomass or the mean energy density estimates for the single core samples and the bulk core samples, across all food types. Variance was reduced in subtidal and quasi-tidal pool habitats, but variance increased in tidal impoundments. Assessing time and cost-efficiency of bulk samples over single samples, cost per sample increased 4-12%/core. Because we observed little difference in food biomass, energy, and their respective variance estimates between single and bulk methods, while recording a slightly greater cost, we recommend researchers use the single-core sampling method to save both time and money. Further reductions in variance will likely need to be achieved through increased sample sizes. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Goldstein, Marissa; Williams, Christopher K.; Duren, Kenneth R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, 250 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Castelli, Paul M.] New Jersey Div Fish & Wildlife, Nacote Creek Res Stn, POB 418, Port Republic, NJ 08241 USA.
[Castelli, Paul M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Edwin B Forsythe Natl Wildlife Refuge, POB 72,800 Great Creek Rd, Oceanville, NJ 08231 USA.
RP Williams, CK (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Entomol & Wildlife Ecol, 250 Townsend Hall, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
EM ckwillia@udel.edu
FU New Jersey Division of Fish and Wildlife Hunter and Anglers Fund; U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service, Northeast Region, Federal Aid in Wildlife
Restoration P-R Grant [NJW-68-R]; Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife
Refuge; University of Delaware
FX This project was funded through grants from the New Jersey Division of
Fish and Wildlife Hunter and Anglers Fund; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Northeast Region, Federal Aid in Wildlife Restoration P-R Grant
NJW-68-R; Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge; and the University
of Delaware. The authors have no conflict of interest in regard to
publication of this work. We thank L. Brennan, K. Ringelman, Editor D.
Haukos, Associate Editor T. J. Benson, and 2 anonymous reviewers for
editorial review of this manuscript.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 564
EP 569
DI 10.1002/wsb.673
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA DY0XG
UT WOS:000384818900020
ER
PT J
AU Beausoleil, RA
Clark, JD
Maletzke, BT
AF Beausoleil, Richard A.
Clark, Joseph D.
Maletzke, Benjamin T.
TI A long-term evaluation of biopsy darts and DNA to estimate cougar
density: An agency-citizen science collaboration
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE biopsy; citizen-science; cougar; density; DNA; hound handler;
microsatellite; Puma concolor; spatially explicit
ID ESTIMATING POPULATION-SIZE; GENETIC SAMPLING METHODS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE;
MOUNTAIN LIONS; NATIONAL-PARK; TRACK SURVEYS; FECAL DNA; ABUNDANCE;
BLACK; MICROSATELLITES
AB Accurately estimating cougar (Puma concolor) density is usually based on long-term research consisting of intensive capture and Global Positioning System collaring efforts and may cost hundreds of thousands of dollars annually. Because wildlife agency budgets rarely accommodate this approach, most infer cougar density from published literature, rely on short-term studies, or use hunter harvest data as a surrogate in their jurisdictions; all of which may limit accuracy and increase risk of management actions. In an effort to develop a more cost-effective long-term strategy, we evaluated a research approach using citizen scientists with trained hounds to tree cougars and collect tissue samples with biopsy darts. We then used the DNA to individually identify cougars and employed spatially explicit capture-recapture models to estimate cougar densities. Overall, 240 tissue samples were collected in northeastern Washington, USA, producing 166 genotypes (including recaptures and excluding dependent kittens) of 133 different cougars (8-25/yr) from 2003 to 2011. Mark-recapture analyses revealed a mean density of 2.2 cougars/100km(2) (95% CI=1.1-4.3) and stable to decreasing population trends (=-0.048, 95% CI=-0.106-0.011) over the 9 years of study, with an average annual harvest rate of 14% (range=7-21%). The average annual cost per year for field sampling and genotyping was US$11,265 ($422.24/sample or $610.73/successfully genotyped sample). Our results demonstrated that long-term biopsy sampling using citizen scientists can increase capture success and provide reliable cougar-density information at a reasonable cost. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Beausoleil, Richard A.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, 3515 State Highway 97A, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
[Clark, Joseph D.] Univ Tennessee, US Geol Survey, Southern Appalachian Field Branch, Knoxville, TN 37902 USA.
[Maletzke, Benjamin T.] Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, POB 238, South Cle Elum, WA 98943 USA.
RP Beausoleil, RA (reprint author), Washington Dept Fish & Wildlife, 3515 State Highway 97A, Wenatchee, WA 98801 USA.
EM richard.beausoleil@dfw.wa.gov
FU Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife; Seattle Sportsmen's
Conservation Foundation
FX Thanks to the following hound handlers for lending their time and
considerable expertise on this project: R. Eich, B. Heath, T. MacArthur,
K. Reber, C. Sanchez, M. and B. Thorniley, and B. Trudell were involved
from the project's inception and contributed an enormous amount of
effort toward this project; they also offered recommendations and
guidance to ensure it was successful. Thanks also to D. and P. Daniels,
J. Hughes, K. Maple, J. Mershon, G. and C. Scholz, B. Spear, T. and B.
Sterick, and R. Ohlde for contributing and being involved. Although not
directly involved in this effort, a debt of gratitude is also extended
to K. Lester, S. Reynaud, C. Smith, B. Smith, and M. White for their
friendship and involvement in many WDFW carnivore projects. Much
appreciation is given to WDFW's field staff (biologists and wildlife
officers) for their data-collection efforts and to U.S. Forest Service,
Three Rivers Rangers District, Colville National Forest for providing
access to areas closed to the public. Thanks also to C. Lacey and B.
Harris from British Columbia Ministry of Environment and R. Desautel
with Colville Confederated Tribes for their assistance with DNA
collection from hunter kills that bordered our study area. Sincere
thanks are also given to the private landowners that allowed this
project to be conducted on their property. M. Mumma and L. Waits from
University of Idaho provided an invaluable service by helping narrow
down 18 loci to the most descriptive 9 for capture-recapture analysis.
Discussions with D. Paetkau were also useful in this respect. Finally we
thank E. Kalies and 2 anonymous reviewers for a thorough review and
helpful comments that improved this manuscript. Financial support for
this project was provided by Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife
and Seattle Sportsmen's Conservation Foundation. To the best of our
knowledge, no author conflict of interest, financial or other, exists.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 583
EP 592
DI 10.1002/wsb.675
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA DY0XG
UT WOS:000384818900022
ER
PT J
AU Fischbach, A
Jay, CV
AF Fischbach, Anthony
Jay, Chadwick V.
TI A strategy for recovering continuous behavioral telemetry data from
Pacific walruses
SO WILDLIFE SOCIETY BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article
DE foraging behavior; haulout; Odobenus rosmarus; satellite telemetry;
sensor data; walrus
ID ODOBENUS-ROSMARUS-ROSMARUS; MALE ATLANTIC WALRUSES; HAUL-OUT; FUR SEALS;
SATELLITE; GREENLAND; PATTERNS; SVALBARD; ALASKA; ICE
AB Tracking animal behavior and movement with telemetry sensors can offer substantial insights required for conservation. Yet, the value of data collected by animal-borne telemetry systems is limited by bandwidth constraints. To understand the response of Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens) to rapid changes in sea ice availability, we required continuous geospatial chronologies of foraging behavior. Satellite telemetry offered the only practical means to systematically collect such data; however, data transmission constraints of satellite data-collection systems limited the data volume that could be acquired. Although algorithms exist for reducing sensor data volumes for efficient transmission, none could meet our requirements. Consequently, we developed an algorithm for classifying hourly foraging behavior status aboard a tag with limited processing power. We found a 98% correspondence of our algorithm's classification with a test classification based on time-depth data recovered and characterized through multivariate analysis in a separate study. We then applied our algorithm within a telemetry system that relied on remotely deployed satellite tags. Data collected by these tags from Pacific walruses across their range during 2007-2015 demonstrated the consistency of foraging behavior collected by this strategy with data collected by data logging tags; and demonstrated the ability to collect geospatial behavioral chronologies with minimal missing data where recovery of data logging tags is precluded. Our strategy for developing a telemetry system may be applicable to any study requiring intelligent algorithms to continuously monitor behavior, and then compress those data into meaningful information that can be efficiently transmitted. Published 2016. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Fischbach, Anthony; Jay, Chadwick V.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Fischbach, A (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM afischbach@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Changing Arctic Ecosystems initiative; Northern
Forum; Arctic Slope Regional Corporation [TAA08AK]; Bureau of Ocean
Energy Management; North Pacific Research Board (NPRB) [818]
FX This project was supported by funds from the U.S. Geological Survey,
including the Changing Arctic Ecosystems initiative. Additional support
was provided from contributed funds from the Northern Forum, Arctic
Slope Regional Corporation (under Technical Assistance Agreement No.
TAA08AK), Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, and a grant from the North
Pacific Research Board (NPRB Project No. 818). We appreciate field and
logistical support from the Native Village of Pt. Lay (particularly from
W. Harding Lampe, L. Ferreira III, J. Tazruk, M. Tracey, and B. Tracey,
Sr.), Vankarem (particularly from S. Kavry and V. Buchin), and Enurmino
(particularly from S. Kabantsev), North Slope Borough, Eskimo Walrus
Commission, and J. Garlich-Miller (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service).
Field work in Russia was conducted by A.A. Kochnev and aided by A.
Dondua, M. Chakilev (Pacific Research Fisheries Center, Chukotka
Branch), and N. Kryukova (Russian Federal Research Institute of
Fisheries and Oceanography). Excellent ship and air support were
provided by the crew of the R/V Norseman II, and office and field staff
from Olgoonik/Fairweather, LLC, Clearwater Air, and the National Oceanic
& Atmospheric Administration Chukchi Offshore Monitoring in Drilling
Area aerial survey program. This manuscript benefited from the efforts
of the Associate Editor and 2 anonymous reviewers. Any use of trade
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute
endorsement by the federal government.
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SN 1938-5463
J9 WILDLIFE SOC B
JI Wildl. Soc. Bull.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 40
IS 3
BP 599
EP 604
DI 10.1002/wsb.685
PG 6
WC Biodiversity Conservation
SC Biodiversity & Conservation
GA DY0XG
UT WOS:000384818900024
ER
PT J
AU Van Riper, C
AF Van Riper, Charles, III
TI FOUNDATIONS OF WILDLIFE DISEASES
SO WILSON JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY
LA English
DT Book Review
C1 [Van Riper, Charles, III] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 520 North Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Van Riper, Charles, III] Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, 520 North Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
RP Van Riper, C (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, 520 North Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.; Van Riper, C (reprint author), Univ Arizona, US Geol Survey, 520 North Pk Ave, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
EM charles@charlesvanriper.com
NR 1
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PU WILSON ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI WACO
PA 5400 BOSQUE BLVD, STE 680, WACO, TX 76710 USA
SN 1559-4491
EI 1938-5447
J9 WILSON J ORNITHOL
JI Wilson J. Ornithol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 128
IS 3
BP 685
EP 687
PG 3
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DX7KV
UT WOS:000384566900032
ER
PT J
AU Karasu, S
Work, PA
Uzlu, E
Kankal, M
Yuksek, O
AF Karasu, Servet
Work, Paul A.
Uzlu, Ergun
Kankal, Murat
Yuksek, Omer
TI Beach nourishment alternative assessment to constrain cross-shore and
longshore sediment transport
SO APPLIED OCEAN RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Beach nourishment; Rubble-mound structures; Benefit-cost analysis;
Sediment transport; Shoreline retreat
ID 3RD-GENERATION WAVE MODEL; COASTAL EROSION; BLACK-SEA; EVOLUTION;
PROFILE; FLORIDA; REGIONS; TURKEY
AB A combined field and laboratory investigation was conducted to assess five options for creation of a recreational beach on a steep, armored shoreline on the eastern Black Sea coast. All designs incorporated a beach nourishment project placed between two existing, shore-normal, rubble-mound groins. Alternatives included the placement of a nearshore berm, longshore extensions added to the existing groins, and shore-parallel breakwaters. Several alternatives are reviewed for quantifying the performance of each design, including assessment of the change in shoreline position and project volume retained between the groins. Dimensionless benefits and benefit-cost ratios are quantified, and recommendations made on how to select the best outcome from a benefit-to-cost standpoint when options including hard structures are incorporated into a beach nourishment project design. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Karasu, Servet] Recep Tayyip Erdogan Univ, Dept Civil Engn, TR-53100 Rize, Turkey.
[Work, Paul A.] US Geol Survey, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Uzlu, Ergun; Kankal, Murat; Yuksek, Omer] Karadeniz Tech Univ, Dept Civil Engn, TR-61080 Trabzon, Turkey.
RP Karasu, S (reprint author), Recep Tayyip Erdogan Univ, Dept Civil Engn, TR-53100 Rize, Turkey.
EM skarasu@erdogan.edu.tr; pwork@usgs.gov; ergunuzlu@ktu.edu.tr;
mkankal@ktu.edu.tr; yuksek@ktu.edu.tr
FU Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Scientific Research Project
[2015.53005.109.03.01]
FX The authors wish to dedicate this work to the memory of Dr. Murat Ihsan
Komurcu. Servet Karasu was supported by a scholarship from Recep Tayyip
Erdogan University Scientific Research Project (Grant no.:
2015.53005.109.03.01) during his visit to the US Geological Survey,
California Water Science Center, Sacramento.
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0141-1187
EI 1879-1549
J9 APPL OCEAN RES
JI Appl. Ocean Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 59
BP 459
EP 471
DI 10.1016/j.apor.2016.07.001
PG 13
WC Engineering, Ocean; Oceanography
SC Engineering; Oceanography
GA DX4XZ
UT WOS:000384385700036
ER
PT J
AU Kassotis, CD
Bromfield, JJ
Klemp, KC
Meng, CX
Wolfe, A
Zoeller, RT
Balise, VD
Isiguzo, CJ
Tillitt, DE
Nagel, SC
AF Kassotis, Christopher D.
Bromfield, John J.
Klemp, Kara C.
Meng, Chun-Xia
Wolfe, Andrew
Zoeller, R. Thomas
Balise, Victoria D.
Isiguzo, Chiamaka J.
Tillitt, Donald E.
Nagel, Susan C.
TI Adverse Reproductive and Developmental Health Outcomes Following
Prenatal Exposure to a Hydraulic Fracturing Chemical Mixture in Female
C57Bl/6 Mice
SO ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; NATURAL-GAS DEVELOPMENT; MATERNAL
RESIDENTIAL PROXIMITY; FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; DISINFECTION
BY-PRODUCTS; DRINKING-WATER WELLS; BISPHENOL-A; IN-VITRO;
CARDIAC-HYPERTROPHY; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR
AB Unconventional oil and gas operations using hydraulic fracturing can contaminate surface and groundwater with endocrine-disrupting chemicals. We have previously shown that 23 of 24 commonly used hydraulic fracturing chemicals can activate or inhibit the estrogen, androgen, glucocorticoid, progesterone, and/or thyroid receptors in ahuman endometrial cancer cell reporter gene assay and that mixtures can behave synergistically, additively, or antagonistically on these receptors. In the current study, pregnant female C57Bl/6 dams were exposed to a mixture of 23 commonly used unconventional oil and gas chemicals at approximately 3, 30, 300, and 3000 mu g/kg.d, flutamide at 50 mg/kg.d, or a 0.2% ethanol control vehicle via their drinking water from gestational day 11 through birth. This prenatal exposure to oil and gas operation chemicals suppressed pituitary hormone concentrations across experimental groups (prolactin, LH, FSH, and others), increased body weights, altered uterine and ovary weights, increased heart weights and collagen deposition, disrupted folliculogenesis, and other adverse health effects. This work suggests potential adverse developmental and reproductive health outcomes in humans and animals exposed to these oil and gas operation chemicals, with adverse outcomes observed even in the lowest dose group tested, equivalent to concentrations reported in drinking water sources. These endpoints suggest potential impacts on fertility, as previously observed in the male siblings, which require careful assessment in future studies.
C1 [Kassotis, Christopher D.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Bromfield, John J.] Univ Florida, Dept Anim Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Bromfield, John J.] Univ Florida, DH Barron Reprod & Perinatal Biol Res Program, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Klemp, Kara C.; Meng, Chun-Xia; Balise, Victoria D.; Isiguzo, Chiamaka J.; Nagel, Susan C.] Univ Missouri, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Balise, Victoria D.; Nagel, Susan C.] Univ Missouri, Div Biol Sci, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Wolfe, Andrew] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA.
[Zoeller, R. Thomas] Univ Massachusetts Amherst, Dept Biol, Amherst, MA 01003 USA.
[Tillitt, Donald E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Nagel, SC (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, M659 Med Sci Bldg,1 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM nagels@health.missouri.edu
FU University of Missouri Research Council; Science To Achieve Results
Fellowship Assistance Agreement - United States Environmental Protection
Agency [FP-91747101]
FX This work was supported by the University of Missouri Research Council,
a crowd funding campaign on Experiment.com, and the Science To Achieve
Results Fellowship Assistance Agreement FP-91747101 awarded by the
United States Environmental Protection Agency (to C.D.K.).
NR 112
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU ENDOCRINE SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2055 L ST NW, SUITE 600, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-7227
EI 1945-7170
J9 ENDOCRINOLOGY
JI Endocrinology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 157
IS 9
BP 3469
EP 3481
DI 10.1210/en.2016-1242
PG 13
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA DX1NA
UT WOS:000384132900023
PM 27560547
ER
PT J
AU Witt, EC
Pribil, MJ
Hogan, JP
Wronkiewicz, DJ
AF Witt, Emitt C., III
Pribil, Michael J.
Hogan, John P.
Wronkiewicz, David J.
TI Isotopically constrained lead sources in fugitive dust from unsurfaced
roads in the southeast Missouri mining district
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Road dust; Pb isotopic ratios; Pb apportionment; Unsurfaced roads;
Sequential extraction
ID SEQUENTIAL EXTRACTION; ANTHROPOGENIC LEAD; UNITED-STATES; ISOTOPE
RATIOS; SOILS; CONTAMINATION; ATMOSPHERE; TRANSPORT; PB; SEDIMENTS
AB The isotopic composition of lead (Pb) in fugitive dust suspended by a vehicle from 13 unsurfaced roads in Missouri was measured to identify the source of Pb within an established long-term mining area. A three end-member model using Pb-207/Pb-206 and concentration as tracers resulted in fugitive dust samples plotting in the mixing field of well characterized heterogeneous end members. End members selected for this investigation include the (207)pb/(206)pb for) a Pb-mixture representing mine tailings, 2) aerosol Pb-impacted soils within close proximity to the Buick secondary recycling smelter, and 3) an average of soils, rock cores and drill cuttings representing the background conditions. Aqua regia total concentrations and 207pb/206pb of mining area dust suggest that 35.4-84.3% of the source Pb in dust is associated with the mine tailings mixture, 9.1-52.7% is associated with the smelter mixture, and 0-21.6% is associated with background materials. Isotope ratios varied minimally within the operational phases of sequential extraction suggesting that mixing of all three Pb mixtures occurs throughout. Labile forms of Pb were attributed to all three end members. The extractable carbonate phase had as much as 96.6% of the total concentration associated with mine tailings, 51.8% associated with smelter deposition, and 34.2% with background. The next most labile geochemical phase (Fe + Mn Oxides) showed similar results with as much as 85.3% associated with mine tailings, 56.8% associated with smelter deposition, and 4.2% associated with the background soil. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Witt, Emitt C., III] US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, 1400 Independence Rd, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Witt, Emitt C., III; Hogan, John P.; Wronkiewicz, David J.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Geol Sci & Engn, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
[Pribil, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, Cent Mineral & Environm Resources Sci Ctr, Rolla, MO USA.
[Wronkiewicz, David J.] Missouri Univ Sci & Technol, Environm Res Ctr Emerging Contaminants, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
RP Witt, EC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, 1400 Independence Rd, Rolla, MO 65409 USA.
EM ecwitt@usgs.gov; mpribil@usgs.gov; jphogan@mst.edu; wronk@mst.edu
FU MS&T Environmental Research Center, SEED Fund
FX This effort was supported in part by a grant from the MS&T Environmental
Research Center, SEED Fund. The authors would like to thank Honglan Shi
and Kun Lui for their support with the operation and maintenance of the
ICP-MS; Varun Paul and Krista Rybacki for their assistance with
sequential extractions; and Danny Rutherford for his support with column
separation and operation of the MC-ICP-MS. Furthermore, I would like to
thank Keith Brady and David Perdue for their artistic talent in
rendering the conceptual mixing diagram into a more pleasing image. Any
use of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 41
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U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 216
BP 450
EP 459
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.05.070
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW8UH
UT WOS:000383930500048
PM 27325549
ER
PT J
AU Bradbury, IR
Hamilton, LC
Sheehan, TF
Chaput, G
Robertson, MJ
Dempson, JB
Reddin, D
Morris, V
King, T
Bernatchez, L
AF Bradbury, Ian R.
Hamilton, Lorraine C.
Sheehan, Timothy F.
Chaput, Gerald
Robertson, Martha J.
Dempson, J. Brian
Reddin, David
Morris, Vicki
King, Timothy
Bernatchez, Louis
TI Genetic mixed-stock analysis disentangles spatial and temporal variation
in composition of the West Greenland Atlantic Salmon fishery
SO ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic salmon; genetic mixed-stock analysis; Greenland
ID MICROSATELLITE DNA VARIATION; COD GADUS-MORHUA; SALAR L.;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NORTHWEST ATLANTIC; ST-LAWRENCE; ORIGIN;
BIOCOMPLEXITY; CONSERVATION; CONTINENT
AB The West Greenland Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar) fishery represents the largest remaining mixed-stock fishery for Atlantic Salmon in the Northwest Atlantic and targets multi-sea-winter (MSW) salmon from throughout North America and Europe. We evaluated stock composition of salmon harvested in the waters off West Greenland (n = 5684 individuals) using genetic mixture analysis and individual assignment to inform conservation of North American populations, many of which are failing to meet management targets. Regional contributions to this fishery were estimated using 2169 individuals sampled throughout the fishery between 2011 and 2014. Of these, 22% were identified as European in origin. Major North American contributions were detected from Labrador (similar to 20%), the Southern Gulf/Cape Breton (29%), and the Gaspe Peninsula (29%). Minor contributions (similar to 5%) were detected from Newfoundland, Ungava, and Quebec regions. Region-specific catches were extrapolated using estimates of composition and fishery catch logs and harvests ranged from 300 to 600 and 2000 to 3000 individuals for minor and major constituents, respectively. To evaluate the temporal stability of the observed fishery composition, we extended the temporal coverage through the inclusion of previously published data (1995-2006, n = 3095) and data from archived scales (1968-1998, n = 420). Examination of the complete time-series (47 years) suggests relative stability in stock proportions since the late 1980s. Genetic estimates of stock composition were significantly associated with model-based estimates of returning MSW salmon (individual years r = 0.69, and overall mean r = 0.96). This work demonstrates that the analysis of both contemporary and archived samples in a mixed-stock context can disentangle levels of regional exploitation and directly inform assessment and conservation of Atlantic Salmon in the West Greenland interceptory Atlantic Salmon fishery.
C1 [Bradbury, Ian R.; Robertson, Martha J.; Dempson, J. Brian; Reddin, David; Morris, Vicki] Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Branch, 80 East White Hills Rd, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada.
[Hamilton, Lorraine C.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Bedford Inst Oceanog, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
[Sheehan, Timothy F.] NOAA, Fisheries Serv, Northeast Fisheries Sci Ctr, 166 Water St, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Chaput, Gerald] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Gulf Reg, Ctr Sci Advice, Moncton, NB E1C 9B6, Canada.
[King, Timothy] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[Bernatchez, Louis] Univ Laval, Dept Biol, IBIS, 1030 Ave Med, Quebec City, PQ G1V 0A6, Canada.
RP Bradbury, IR (reprint author), Dept Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sci Branch, 80 East White Hills Rd, St John, NF A1C 5X1, Canada.
EM ibradbur@me.com
NR 55
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U1 1
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1054-3139
EI 1095-9289
J9 ICES J MAR SCI
JI ICES J. Mar. Sci.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2016
VL 73
IS 9
BP 2311
EP 2321
DI 10.1093/icesjms/fsw072
PG 11
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DX3UY
UT WOS:000384302300018
ER
PT J
AU DiStefano, RJ
Westhoff, JT
Ames, CW
Rosenberger, AE
AF DiStefano, Robert J.
Westhoff, Jacob T.
Ames, Catlin W.
Rosenberger, Amanda E.
TI LIFE HISTORY OF THE VULNERABLE ENDEMIC CRAYFISH CAMBARUS (EREBICAMBARUS)
MACULATUS HOBBS AND PFLIEGER, 1988 (DECAPODA: ASTACOIDEA: CAMBARIDAE) IN
MISSOURI, USA
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE crayfish densities; freckled crayfish; life cycle; PIT tags
ID STREAM-DWELLING CRAYFISH; SOUTHWESTERN ONTARIO; CANADA DECAPODA;
POPULATION-DYNAMICS; RIVER DRAINAGE; UNITED-STATES; WEST-VIRGINIA;
SPRING RIVER; CONSERVATION; MANAGEMENT
AB The vulnerable freckled crayfish, Cambarus maculatus Hobbs and Pflieger, 1988, is endemic to only one drainage in eastern Missouri, USA, which is impacted by heavy metals mining and adjacent to a rapidly-expanding urban area. We studied populations of C. maculatus in two small streams for 25 months to describe annual reproductive cycles, and gather information about fecundity, sex ratio, size at maturity, size-class structure, and growth, capturing a monthly average of more than 50 individuals from each of the two study populations. Information about the density of the species at supplemental sampling streams was also obtained. The species exhibited traits consistent with a K-strategist life history: long-lived, slow-growing, with fewer but larger eggs than sympatric crayfish species. Breeding season occurred in mid- to late autumn, potentially extending into early winter. Egg brooding occurred primarily in May. Young of year were first observed in June. We estimated these populations contained four to six size-classes, observed smaller individuals grew faster than larger individuals, and that most became sexually mature in their second year of life. Densities of C. maculatus were low relative to several sympatric species of Orconectes Cope, 1872. Life history information presented herein will be important for anticipated future conservation efforts.
C1 [DiStefano, Robert J.; Westhoff, Jacob T.; Ames, Catlin W.] Missouri Dept Conservat, 3500 East Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Rosenberger, Amanda E.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fisheries & Wildlife Res Unit, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
RP DiStefano, RJ (reprint author), Missouri Dept Conservat, 3500 East Gans Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM Bob.DiStefano@mdc.mo.gov
FU Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri; U.S.
Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management
Institute
FX Funding was provided by Missouri Department of Conservation. W. L.
Pflieger inspired the study. We thank the following for assistance in
the field and laboratory; O. Allen, L. Bachmann, D. Bussell, B. Cambron,
M. Culbertson, J. Datillo, S. Davis, M. DiStefano, M. Dolan, M. Garrett,
B. Gipson, A. Glen, R. Griffin, J. Guyton, C. Hoehn, L. Holder, A.
Hopping, E. Imhoff, K. Kirk, S. Kircher, C. Knerr, M. Mabery, J. Macke,
C. McMullen, S. Olson, L. Philpott, P. Plier, L. Qian, M. Rawlings, C.
Rice, T. Schepker, T. Schertter, A. Stivers, D. Swedberg, K. Tranbarger
and A. VanStrien. E. Imhoff and C. Rice assisted with coordination of
sampling trips. D. Swedberg made figures. The manuscript was reviewed by
L. Webb, S. Brewer, and one anonymous reviewer. The Missouri Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri
Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the U.S.
Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife
Management Institute. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 100
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U1 3
U2 3
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
EI 1937-240X
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 36
IS 5
BP 615
EP 627
DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002472
PG 13
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8SB
UT WOS:000383924700003
ER
PT J
AU Loughman, ZJ
Welsh, SA
Sadecky, NM
Dillard, ZW
Scott, RK
AF Loughman, Zachary J.
Welsh, Stuart A.
Sadecky, Nicole M.
Dillard, Zachary W.
Scott, R. Katie
TI ENVIRONMENTAL COVARIATES ASSOCIATED WITH CAMBARUS VETERANUS FAXON, 1914
(DECAPODA: CAMBARIDAE), AN IMPERILED APPALACHIAN CRAYFISH ENDEMIC TO
WEST VIRGINIA, USA
SO JOURNAL OF CRUSTACEAN BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Big Sandy crayfish; conservation; Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index
ID FRESH-WATER MUSSELS; CONSERVATION STATUS; UNITED-STATES; IONIC-STRENGTH;
VALLEY FILLS; CANADA; ALABAMA; HISTORY; BIODIVERSITY; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Cambarus veteranus Faxon, 1914, a narrow endemic crayfish native to the Upper Guyandotte River Basin (UGB) in West Virginia, USA, was petitioned in 2014 by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service to be listed as endangered, but a status survey was recommended to determine if listing was warranted. During May and June 2015, surveys were undertaken across the UGB to determine the current distribution of the species. A total of 71 sites were sampled, including all streams where the species was previously recorded, as well as semi-randomly selected streams, with 1-9 125 m long sites sampled per wadeable stream. Physiochemical and physical habitat data (based on the Qualitative Habitat Evaluation Index, QHEI) were obtained at each site to determine abiotic factors that were associated with the presence of C. veteranus. Site detection or non-detection of C. veteranus and associated site covariates were modeled using logistic regression to determine covariates associated with the presence of the species. Cambarus veteranus was present in both the Pinnacle Creek and Clear Fork/Laurel Fork watersheds at 10 sites, but it was not observed in the remaining 61 sites. An additive effects model with conductivity and QHEI was selected as the best approximating model. Cambarus veteranus was associated with lower than average UGB conductivity (379 mu S) and high (>80) QHEI score. All sites where C. veteranus was not detected had higher conductivity and/or lower QHEI scores.
C1 [Loughman, Zachary J.; Sadecky, Nicole M.; Dillard, Zachary W.; Scott, R. Katie] West Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, POB 295, West Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
[Welsh, Stuart A.] US Geol Survey, West Virginia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 322 Percival Hall, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
RP Loughman, ZJ (reprint author), West Liberty Univ, Dept Nat Sci & Math, POB 295, West Liberty, WV 26074 USA.
EM zloughman@westliberty.edu
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service through the West Virginia field
office in Elkins
FX We would like to thank Emily Demarco, David Howard, Troy Hubbard, Keith
Johnson, and Luke Sadecky for assistance in the field. Financial support
was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service through the
West Virginia field office in Elkins. We would also like to thank Emily
Detemple and Douglas Swartz for assistance with our sulfate samples, as
well as two anonymous reviewers whose comments increased the quality of
the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 54
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U1 2
U2 2
PU CRUSTACEAN SOC
PI SAN ANTONIO
PA 840 EAST MULBERRY, SAN ANTONIO, TX 78212 USA
SN 0278-0372
EI 1937-240X
J9 J CRUSTACEAN BIOL
JI J. Crustac. Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 36
IS 5
BP 642
EP 648
DI 10.1163/1937240X-00002456
PG 7
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8SB
UT WOS:000383924700006
ER
PT J
AU Babcock, EL
Annan, AP
Bradford, JH
AF Babcock, Esther L.
Annan, A. Peter
Bradford, John H.
TI Cable Effects in Ground-Penetrating Radar Data and Implications for
Quantitative Amplitude Measurements
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
ID BOREHOLE; WAVE
AB Conductive cables have always represented a source of noise in ground-penetrating radar (GPR) data. In some instances, commercially available GPR systems use data processing tools to reduce cable noise. Such processes seldom respect the amplitude fidelity of the signal. For the purpose of careful, quantitative amplitude measurements, use of the raw recorded data is a critical starting point for reliable interpretation of results. During subsequent processing, users can compensate for cable effects to varying degrees. To illustrate the issues inherent with cable noise, we show an example where cable movement during data acquisition generates deviations in reflection amplitude up to 19%. We then present the ramifications of these variations for quantitative data analysis. We conclude that precise cable handling can improve data quality and subsequent data interpretation. Our results are particularly pertinent for quantitative analysis and inversion of GPR data where precise amplitude information is crucial.
C1 [Babcock, Esther L.] Geotek Alaska Inc, 907 Dowling Rd, Anchorage, AK 99511 USA.
[Annan, A. Peter] Sensors & Software, 1040 Stacey Ct, Mississauga, ON L4W 2X8, Canada.
[Bradford, John H.] Boise State Univ, Dept Geosci, 1910 Univ Dr, Boise, ID 83725 USA.
[Babcock, Esther L.] US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Babcock, EL (reprint author), Geotek Alaska Inc, 907 Dowling Rd, Anchorage, AK 99511 USA.; Babcock, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM ebabcock@usgs.gov
NR 8
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING GEOPHYSICAL SOC
PI DENVER
PA 1720 SOUTH BELLAIRE, STE 110, DENVER, CO 80222-433 USA
SN 1083-1363
J9 J ENVIRON ENG GEOPH
JI J. Environ. Eng. Geophys.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 21
IS 3
BP 99
EP 104
DI 10.2113/JEEG21.3.99
PG 6
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Geological
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering
GA DW4UL
UT WOS:000383638400002
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, JN
Beauchamp, DA
AF Thompson, J. N.
Beauchamp, D. A.
TI Growth of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss under size-selective
pressure limited by seasonal bioenergetic and environmental constraints
SO JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE feeding; growth; prey energy; size-selective mortality; water
temperature
ID DRIFT-FEEDING SALMONIDS; ATLANTIC SALMON; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FOOD WEBS;
HABITAT QUALITY; CUTTHROAT TROUT; RAINBOW-TROUT; FRESH-WATER; THERMAL
HETEROGENEITY; INVERTEBRATE DRIFT
AB Increased freshwater growth of juvenile steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss improved survival to smolt and adult stages, thus prompting an examination of factors affecting growth during critical periods that influenced survival through subsequent life stages. For three tributaries with contrasting thermal regimes, a bioenergetics model was used to evaluate how feeding rate and energy density of prey influenced seasonal growth and stage-specific survival of juvenile O. mykiss. Sensitivity analysis examined target levels for feeding rate and energy density of prey during the growing season that improved survival to the smolt and adult stages in each tributary. Simulated daily growth was greatest during warmer months (1 July to 30 September), whereas substantial body mass was lost during cooler months (1 December to 31 March). Incremental increases in annual feeding rate or energy density of prey during summer broadened the temperature range at which faster growth occurred and increased the growth of the average juvenile to match those that survived to smolt and adult stages. Survival to later life stages could be improved by increasing feeding rate or energy density of the diet during summer months, when warmer water temperatures accommodated increased growth potential. Higher growth during the summer period in each tributary could improve resiliency during subsequent colder periods that lead to metabolic stress and weight loss. As growth and corresponding survival rates in fresh water are altered by shifting abiotic regimes, it will be increasingly important for fisheries managers to better understand the mechanisms affecting growth limitations in rearing habitats and what measures might maintain or improve growth conditions and survival.
C1 [Thompson, J. N.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Beauchamp, D. A.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Thompson, JN (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Washington Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM jamie.thompson@noaa.gov
FU Seattle City Light; Upper Skagit Indian Tribe; Puget Sound Anglers; Wild
Steelhead Coalition
FX Seattle City Light, Upper Skagit Indian Tribe, Puget Sound Anglers and
Wild Steelhead Coalition funded this research. C. Torgersen and E.
Connor reviewed and improved early drafts of this manuscript. M.
Zimmerman, C. Kinsel, L. Campbell, B. Barkdull, L. Morrow and D. Pflug
provided scale samples. M. Sorel, A. Fuller, B. Donahue, C. Gross, R.
Anderson, J. P. Shannahan, T. Shelton and J. Adams helped collect field
data and process samples. The U.S. Forest Service Darrington Ranger
Station and Seattle City Light provided housing for fieldwork. Any use
of trade, firm or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 86
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U1 12
U2 12
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-1112
EI 1095-8649
J9 J FISH BIOL
JI J. Fish Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 89
IS 3
BP 1720
EP 1739
DI 10.1111/jfb.13078
PG 20
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DX3XF
UT WOS:000384310000015
PM 27397641
ER
PT J
AU Sayler, KL
Acevedo, W
Taylor, JL
AF Sayler, Kristi L.
Acevedo, William
Taylor, Janis L.
TI Status and Trends of Land Change in Selected US Ecoregions-2000 to 2011
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; COVER CHANGE; ACCURACY ASSESSMENT; CLASSIFICATION;
VALIDATION; DESIGN; PLAINS
AB U.S. Geological Survey scientists developed a dataset of 2006 and 2011 land-use and land-cover (LULC) information for selected 100-km(2) sample blocks within 29 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Level III ecoregions across the conterminous United States. The data can be used with the previously published Land Cover Trends Dataset: 1973 to 2000 to assess landuse/land-cover change across a 37-year study period. Results from analysis of these data include ecoregion-based statistical estimates of the amount of LULC change per time period, ranking of the most common types of conversions, rates of change, and percent composition. Overall estimated amount of change per ecoregion from 2001 to 2011 ranged from a low of 370 km(2) in the Northern Basin and Range Ecoregion to a high of 78,782 km(2) in the Southeastern Plains Ecoregion. The Southeastern Plains continues to encompass one of the most intense forest harvesting and regrowth regions in the country, with 16.6 percent of the ecoregion changing between 2001 and 2011. These LULC change statistics provide a new, valuable resource that complements other reference data and field-verified LULC data. Researchers can use this resource to independently validate other land change products or to conduct regional land change assessments.
C1 [Sayler, Kristi L.; Taylor, Janis L.] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Acevedo, William] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 531, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Taylor, Janis L.] SGT Inc, Greenbelt, MD USA.
RP Sayler, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, 47914 252nd St, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM sayler@usgs.gov
FU Land Cover Trends project as part of the Climate and Land Use Change
Research and Development Program of the U.S. Geological Survey; SGT
under U.S. Geological Survey [G15PC00012]
FX This work was supported by the Land Cover Trends project as part of the
Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey. This study was made possible in part by SGT under
U.S. Geological Survey Contract G15PC00012. We thank the three anonymous
reviewers for their constructive comments. The authors would also like
to thank Roger Auch, Kevin Gallo, Christopher Soulard, and Thomas
Adamson for their additional reviews and comments. This paper has been
subject to Agency review and approved for publication. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 34
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U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
EI 2374-8079
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 9
BP 687
EP 697
DI 10.14358/PERS.82.9.687
PG 11
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DX0NR
UT WOS:000384060300006
ER
PT J
AU Stapanian, MA
Rodriguez, K
Lewis, TE
Blume, L
Palmer, CJ
Walters, L
Schofield, J
Amos, MM
Bucher, A
AF Stapanian, Martin A.
Rodriguez, Karen
Lewis, Timothy E.
Blume, Louis
Palmer, Craig J.
Walters, Lynn
Schofield, Judith
Amos, Molly M.
Bucher, Adam
TI Announcementguidance document for acquiring reliable data in ecological
restoration projects
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Lakes Restoration Initiative; guidance document; QA; QC
AB The Laurentian Great Lakes are undergoing intensive ecological restoration in Canada and the United States. In the United States, an interagency committee was formed to facilitate implementation of quality practices for federally funded restoration projects in the Great Lakes basin. The Committee's responsibilities include developing a guidance document that will provide a common approach to the application of quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) practices for restoration projects. The document will serve as a how-to guide for ensuring data quality during each aspect of ecological restoration projects. In addition, the document will provide suggestions on linking QA/QC data with the routine project data and hints on creating detailed supporting documentation. Finally, the document will advocate integrating all components of the project, including QA/QC applications, into an overarching decision-support framework. The guidance document is expected to be released by the U.S. EPA Great Lakes National Program Office in 2017.
C1 [Stapanian, Martin A.] US Geol Survey, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44870 USA.
[Rodriguez, Karen; Blume, Louis] US EPA, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, 77 West Jackson,G-17J, Chicago, IL 60604 USA.
[Lewis, Timothy E.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Palmer, Craig J.; Walters, Lynn; Schofield, Judith; Amos, Molly M.; Bucher, Adam] CSC Govt Solut LLC, 6361 Walker Lane, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA.
RP Rodriguez, K (reprint author), US EPA, Great Lakes Natl Program Off, 77 West Jackson,G-17J, Chicago, IL 60604 USA.
EM rodriguez.karen@epa.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [EP-C-12-008]
FX Use of trade, product, or firm names does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. EPA, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Army, or any other agency of the
United States government. This article is Contribution 2028 of the U.S.
Geological Survey Great Lakes Science Center. Some of the information in
this document has been funded by the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency under contract number EP-C-12-008 to CSC. Although some of the
research described in this article has been funded by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to Agency
review. Any opinions expressed in this publication are those of the
author(s) and do not, necessarily, reflect the official positions and
policies of the U.S. EPA. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and
recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily
endorsed by the U.S. Army.
NR 10
TC 0
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U1 11
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 5
BP 570
EP 572
DI 10.1111/rec.12367
PG 3
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW9UW
UT WOS:000384009200001
ER
PT J
AU Al-Chokhachy, R
Black, TA
Thomas, C
Luce, CH
Rieman, B
Cissel, R
Carlson, A
Hendrickson, S
Archer, EK
Kershner, JL
AF Al-Chokhachy, Robert
Black, Tom A.
Thomas, Cameron
Luce, Charles H.
Rieman, Bruce
Cissel, Richard
Carlson, Anne
Hendrickson, Shane
Archer, Eric K.
Kershner, Jeff L.
TI Linkages between unpaved forest roads and streambed sediment: why
context matters in directing road restoration
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE restoration; road density; sediment production; streambed sediment
ID INTERIOR COLUMBIA RIVER; GRAVEL-BED STREAMS; FINE SEDIMENT;
RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; HEADWATER STREAMS; WESTERN OREGON; PACIFIC SALMON;
LAND-USE; HABITAT; SURVIVAL
AB Unpaved forest roads remain a pervasive disturbance on public lands and mitigating sediment from road networks remains a priority for management agencies. Restoring roaded landscapes is becoming increasingly important for many native coldwater fishes that disproportionately rely on public lands for persistence. However, effectively targeting restoration opportunities requires a comprehensive understanding of the effects of roads across different ecosystems. Here, we combine a review and a field study to evaluate the status of knowledge supporting the conceptual framework linking unpaved forest roads with streambed sediment. Through our review, we specifically focused on those studies linking measures of the density of forest roads or sediment delivery with empirical streambed sediment measures. Our field study provides an example of a targeted effort of linking spatially explicit estimates of sediment production with measures of streambed sediment. Surprisingly, our review uncovered few studies (n = 8) that empirically tested the conceptual framework linking unpaved forest roads and streambed sediment, and the results varied considerably. Field results generally supported the conceptual model that unpaved forest roads can control streambed sediment quality, but demonstrated high-spatial variability in the effects of forest roads on streambed sediment and the need to address hotspots of sediment sources. The importance of context in the effects of forest roads is apparent in both our review and field data, suggesting the need for in situ studies to avoid misdirected restoration actions.
C1 [Al-Chokhachy, Robert; Kershner, Jeff L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Black, Tom A.; Luce, Charles H.; Cissel, Richard] US Forest Serv, USDA, 322 East Front St,Suite 401, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Thomas, Cameron] US Forest Serv, USDA, 200 E Broadway,POB 7669, Missoula, MT 59807 USA.
[Rieman, Bruce] Clearwater Resources Council, POB 1471, Seeley Lake, MT 59868 USA.
[Carlson, Anne] Wilderness Soc, 503 W Mendenhall, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Hendrickson, Shane] US Forest Serv, USDA, Bldg 24a, Missoula, MT 59804 USA.
[Archer, Eric K.] US Forest Serv, USDA, 860 N 1200 E, Logan, UT 84321 USA.
RP Al-Chokhachy, R (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, 2327 Univ Way,Suite 2, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM ral-chokhachy@usgs.gov
RI Luce, Charles/A-9267-2008
OI Luce, Charles/0000-0002-6938-9662
FU Great Northern Landscape Conservation Cooperative; U.S. Forest Service;
CFLRP
FX We would like to thank the PIBO Effectiveness Monitoring Program for
logistical support and field data collection and C. A. Dolloff
(USFS/Virginia Tech), A. Switalski (InRoads), J. Buffington (USFS), and
G. Reeves (USFS) for providing critical reviews of earlier drafts of
this manuscript. Funding was supplied in part by the Great Northern
Landscape Conservation Cooperative, the U.S. Forest Service, and the
CFLRP. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 68
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U1 10
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 5
BP 589
EP 598
DI 10.1111/rec.12365
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW9UW
UT WOS:000384009200005
ER
PT J
AU Small, BA
Frey, JK
Gard, CC
AF Small, Brian A.
Frey, Jennifer K.
Gard, Charlotte C.
TI Livestock grazing limits beaver restoration in northern New Mexico
SO RESTORATION ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE beaver dams; Castor canadensis; cattle; competition; habitat
requirements; riparian; Salix; willow
ID CASTOR-CANADENSIS-KUHL; CLASSIFICATION-SYSTEM; RIPARIAN ECOSYSTEMS;
INCISED STREAM; FOOD SELECTION; EASTERN OREGON; WILD UNGULATE;
RIVER-BASIN; VEGETATION; HABITAT
AB The North American beaver (Castor canadensis) builds dams that pond water on streams, which provide crucial ecological services to aquatic and riparian ecosystems and enhance biodiversity. Consequently, there is increasing interest in restoring beavers to locations where they historically occurred, particularly in the arid western United States. However, despite often intensive efforts to reintroduce beavers into areas where they were severely reduced in numbers or eliminated due to overharvesting in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, beavers remain sparse or missing from many stream reaches. Reasons for this failure have not been well studied. Our goal was to evaluate certain biotic factors that may limit the occurrence of dam-building beavers in northern New Mexico, including competitors and availability of summer and winter forage. We compared these factors at primary active dams and at control sites located in stream reaches that were physically suitable for dam-building beavers but where none occurred. Beaver dams mostly occurred at sites that were not grazed or where there was some alternative grazing management, but were mostly absent at sites within Forest Service cattle allotments. Results indicated that cattle grazing influenced the relation between vegetation variables and beaver presence. The availability of willows (Salix spp.) was the most important plant variable for the presence of beaver dams. We conclude that grazing by cattle as currently practiced on Forest Service allotments disrupts the beaver-willow mutualism, rendering stream reaches unsuitable for dam-building beavers. We recommend that beaver restoration will require changes to current livestock management practices.
C1 [Small, Brian A.; Frey, Jennifer K.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Small, Brian A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arlington Ecol Serv Field Off, Arlington, TX 76006 USA.
[Gard, Charlotte C.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Econ Appl Stat & Int Business, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Frey, JK (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Ecol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM jfrey@nmsu.edu
FU USDA NIFA Hispanic Serving Institutions grant [2011-38422-30947]
FX This study was supported by the USDA NIFA Hispanic Serving Institutions
grant no. 2011-38422-30947 awarded to Dr. M. Desmond; we owe her special
thanks. We thank I. Barela for assistance with data collection and F.
Cortez, P. Garcia, S. Ramakrishnan, J. Stuart, C. Wild, B. Bird, C.
Creech, L. Lucero, G. Long, G. Holm, T. Medina, D. Gurule, D. Blagg, S.
Franklet, R. Paynter, W. Sauter, K. Menke, L. Knutson, and J. Martinez
for accesses to sites and logistical support. We greatly appreciate R.
Goljani for GIS and computer assistance, T. C. Frey for helpful
comments, N. T. Quintana for information about elk densities, and staff
of Carson National Forest, including F. Cortez, J. Gatlin, M. Herrera,
and A. Radcliff, for information on livestock grazing. We thank B.
Baker, J. W. Cain, M. J. Desmond, I. Perkins-Taylor, two anonymous
reviewers, and the editors for helpful comments on a previous version of
this article. This study was conducted in partial completion of a
Master's degree by BAS. The authors have no conflicts of interest to
declare.
NR 82
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U1 16
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1061-2971
EI 1526-100X
J9 RESTOR ECOL
JI Restor. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 5
BP 646
EP 655
DI 10.1111/rec.12364
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW9UW
UT WOS:000384009200011
ER
PT J
AU Wood, J
Pattillo, M
Freeman, M
AF Wood, James
Pattillo, Meryom
Freeman, Mary
TI Organic-matter Retention and Macroinvertebrate Utilization of Seasonally
Inundated Bryophytes in a Mid-order Piedmont River
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-WATER MACROINVERTEBRATES; NEW-ZEALAND; AQUATIC BRYOPHYTES;
HEADWATER STREAMS; KUPARUK RIVER; COMMUNITY; FERTILIZATION; DISTURBANCE;
ECOSYSTEM; DETRITUS
AB There is increased understanding of the role of bryophytes in supporting invertebrate biomass and for their influence on nutrient cycling and carbon balance in aquatic systems, but the structural and functional role of bryophytes growing in seasonally inundated habitats is substantially less studied. We conducted a study on the Middle Oconee River, near Athens, GA, to assess invertebrate abundance and organic-matter retention in seasonally inundated patches of the liverwort Porella pinnata, a species that tends to be submerged only when water levels in rivers are substantially above base flow. Aquatic invertebrate utilization of these seasonally inundated habitats has rarely been investigated. Macroinvertebrate biomass, insect density, and organic-matter content were significantly greater in patches of P. pinnata than on adjacent bare rock. Bryophyte biomass explained additional variation in organic matter, insect biomass, and density. The most abundant insects in P. pinnata patches were Dipterans and Plecopterans. Our results suggest an important structural role of seasonally inundated bryophyte habitats in riverine ecosystems.
C1 [Wood, James; Pattillo, Meryom] Univ Georgia, River Basin Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Freeman, Mary] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Wood, J (reprint author), Univ Georgia, River Basin Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
EM Wood@uga.edu
FU American Bryological and Lichenological Society; Society of Freshwater
Science-Boesel-Sanderson Fund; UGA Outdoor Recreation Center
FX We thank Alan Covich and 2 anonymous reviewers for their helpful
suggestions on the manuscript. We are grateful to Jon Skaggs for his
help with field and laboratory work, Phillip Bumpers for assistance with
R, and Kelly Peterson for her help with figures. We also appreciate The
American Bryological and Lichenological Society-Anderson and Crum Award,
and the Society of Freshwater Science-Boesel-Sanderson Fund, for their
support of this research. Additional support was provided by the UGA
Outdoor Recreation Center. Use of trade, product, or firm names does not
imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 32
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U1 1
U2 1
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
EI 1938-5412
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 15
IS 3
BP 403
EP 414
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DX5UP
UT WOS:000384448300007
ER
PT J
AU Ryberg, KR
Vecchia, AV
Akyuez, FA
Lin, W
AF Ryberg, Karen R.
Vecchia, Aldo V.
Akyuez, F. Adnan
Lin, Wei
TI Tree-ring-based estimates of long-term seasonal precipitation in the
Souris River Region of Saskatchewan, North Dakota and Manitoba
SO CANADIAN WATER RESOURCES JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID CENTRAL UNITED-STATES; GREAT-PLAINS; DENDROCLIMATIC RECONSTRUCTION;
RED-RIVER; CLIMATE; VARIABILITY; SIGNALS; CANADA; WATER
AB Historically unprecedented flooding occurred in the Souris River Basin of Saskatchewan, North Dakota and Manitoba in 2011, during a longer term period of wet conditions in the basin. In order to develop a model of future flows, there is a need to evaluate effects of past multidecadal climate variability and/or possible climate change on precipitation. In this study, tree-ring chronologies and historical precipitation data in a four-degree buffer around the Souris River Basin were analyzed to develop regression models that can be used for predicting long-term variations of precipitation. To focus on longer term variability, 12-year moving average precipitation was modeled in five subregions (determined through cluster analysis of measures of precipitation) of the study area over three seasons (November-February, March-June and July-October). The models used multiresolution decomposition (an additive decomposition based on powers of two using a discrete wavelet transform) of tree-ring chronologies from Canada and the US and seasonal 12-year moving average precipitation based on Adjusted and Homogenized Canadian Climate Data and US Historical Climatology Network data. Results show that precipitation varies on long-term (multidecadal) time scales of 16, 32 and 64 years. Past extended pluvial and drought events, which can vary greatly with season and subregion, were highlighted by the models. Results suggest that the recent wet period may be a part of natural variability on a very long time scale.
C1 [Ryberg, Karen R.; Vecchia, Aldo V.] US Geol Survey, North Dakota Water Sci Ctr, Bismarck, ND USA.
[Ryberg, Karen R.] North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND USA.
[Akyuez, F. Adnan] North Dakota State Univ, North Dakota State Climate Off, Fargo, ND USA.
[Lin, Wei] North Dakota State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fargo, ND USA.
RP Ryberg, KR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, North Dakota Water Sci Ctr, Bismarck, ND USA.; Ryberg, KR (reprint author), North Dakota State Univ, Environm & Conservat Sci Program, Fargo, ND USA.
EM kryberg@usgs.gov
RI Ryberg, Karen/E-1871-2016
OI Ryberg, Karen/0000-0002-9834-2046
FU North Dakota State Water Commission; US Geological Survey Cooperative
Water Program
FX This project was funded by the North Dakota State Water Commission and
the US Geological Survey Cooperative Water Program. The Souris River
Basin boundary was provided as a GIS shapefile by Tara Gross (US
Geological Survey, written communication, 11 July 2014). Thanks to Kevin
Vining of the US Geological Survey North Dakota Water Science Center and
Gregory Pederson of the US Geological Survey Northern Rocky Mountain
Science Center for providing valuable early reviews, and to two
anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. Thanks as well to
Valerie Kling for translating the abstract into French.
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U1 6
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0701-1784
EI 1918-1817
J9 CAN WATER RESOUR J
JI Can. Water Resour. J.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 3
BP 412
EP 428
DI 10.1080/07011784.2016.1164627
PG 17
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DV2YB
UT WOS:000382787100005
ER
PT J
AU Benoy, GA
Jenkinson, RW
Robertson, DM
Saad, DA
AF Benoy, Glenn A.
Jenkinson, R. Wayne
Robertson, Dale M.
Saad, David A.
TI Nutrient delivery to Lake Winnipeg from the RedAssiniboine River Basin -
A binational application of the SPARROW model
SO CANADIAN WATER RESOURCES JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; WATER-QUALITY; CHANGE IMPACTS; PHOSPHORUS; PRECIPITATION;
HYDROLOGY; REGIONS; STREAMS; LOADS
AB Excessive phosphorus (TP) and nitrogen (TN) inputs from the Red-Assiniboine River Basin (RARB) have been linked to eutrophication of Lake Winnipeg; therefore, it is important for the management of water resources to understand where and from what sources these nutrients originate. The RARB straddles the Canada-United States border and includes portions of two provinces and three states. This study represents the first binationally focused application of SPAtially Referenced Regressions on Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models to estimate loads and sources of TP and TN by jurisdiction and basin at multiple spatial scales. Major hurdles overcome to develop these models included: (1) harmonization of geospatial data sets, particularly construction of a contiguous stream network; and (2) use of novel calibration steps to accommodate limitations in spatial variability across the model extent and in the number of calibration sites. Using nutrient inputs for a 2002 base year, a RARB TP SPARROW model was calibrated that included inputs from agriculture, forests and wetlands, wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and stream channels, and a TN model was calibrated that included inputs from agriculture, WWTPs and atmospheric deposition. At the RARB outlet, downstream from Winnipeg, Manitoba, the majority of the delivered TP and TN came from the Red River Basin (90%), followed by the Upper Assiniboine River and Souris River basins. Agriculture was the single most important TP and TN source for each major basin, province and state. In general, stream channels (historically deposited nutrients and from bank erosion) were the second most important source of TP. Performance metrics for the RARB SPARROW model are similarly robust compared to other, larger US SPARROW models making it a potentially useful tool to address questions of where nutrients originate and their relative contributions to loads delivered to Lake Winnipeg.
C1 [Benoy, Glenn A.] Int Joint Commiss, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Jenkinson, R. Wayne] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Robertson, Dale M.; Saad, David A.] US Geol Survey, Middleton, WI USA.
RP Benoy, GA (reprint author), Int Joint Commiss, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
EM benoyg@ottawa.ijc.org
FU IJC; International Watersheds Initiative; ECCC; AAFC
FX The authors thank the IJC and its International Watersheds Initiative
for providing the major funding for this project. Many federal and
provincial agencies generously contributed expertise and data: Craig
Johnston and Donna Myers (USGS), Richard Burcher and Martin Serrer
(National Research Council), Erika Klyszejko and Craig McCrimmon (ECCC),
Jason Vanrobaeys (AAFC), Elaine Page and Justin Shead (MCWS) and Pam
Minifie and Ondiveerapan Thirunavukkarasu (SWSA). Michael Laitta and Ted
Yuzyk set the context for this binational model application through the
IJC's Hydrographic Data Harmonization Task Force. The lead author
acknowledges the support of ECCC and AAFC with whom he was affiliated
when the project was initiated. Sarah Lobrichon of the IJC is thanked
for translating the abstract. Finally, we thank the International Red
River Board and the International Souris River Board for encouraging us
to undertake this project.
NR 45
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U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0701-1784
EI 1918-1817
J9 CAN WATER RESOUR J
JI Can. Water Resour. J.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 3
BP 429
EP 447
DI 10.1080/07011784.2016.1178601
PG 19
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DV2YB
UT WOS:000382787100006
ER
PT J
AU Serra-Diaz, JM
Franklin, J
Sweet, LC
McCullough, IM
Syphard, AD
Regan, HM
Flint, LE
Flint, AL
Dingman, JR
Moritz, MA
Redmond, K
Hannah, L
Davis, FW
AF Serra-Diaz, Josep M.
Franklin, Janet
Sweet, Lynn C.
McCullough, Ian M.
Syphard, Alexandra D.
Regan, Helen M.
Flint, Lorraine E.
Flint, Alan L.
Dingman, John R.
Moritz, Max A.
Redmond, Kelly
Hannah, Lee
Davis, Frank W.
TI Averaged 30 year climate change projections mask opportunities for
species establishment
SO ECOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID VARIABILITY; ECOLOGY; EVENTS; NICHE
AB Survival of early life stages is key for population expansion into new locations and for persistence of current populations (Grubb 1977, Harper 1977). Relative to adults, these early life stages are very sensitive to climate fluctuations (Ropert-Coudert et al. 2015), which often drive episodic or 'event-limited' regeneration (e.g. pulses) in long-lived plant species (Jackson et al. 2009). Thus, it is difficult to mechanistically associate 30-yr climate norms to dynamic processes involved in species range shifts (e.g. seedling survival). What are the consequences of temporal aggregation for estimating areas of potential establishment? We modeled seedling survival for three widespread tree species in California, USA (Quercus douglasii, Q. kelloggii, Pinus sabiniana) by coupling a large-scale, multi-year common garden experiment to high-resolution downscaled grids of climatic water deficit and air temperature (Flint and Flint 2012, Supplementary material Appendix 1). We projected seedling survival for nine climate change projections in two mountain landscapes spanning wide elevation and moisture gradients. We compared areas with windows of opportunity for seedling survival -defined as three consecutive years of seedling survival in our species, a period selected based on studies of tree niche ontogeny (Supplementary material Appendix 1) - to areas of 30-yr averaged estimates of seedling survival. We found that temporal aggregation greatly underestimated the potential for species establishment (e.g. seedling survival) under climate change scenarios.
C1 [Serra-Diaz, Josep M.; Franklin, Janet] Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
[Serra-Diaz, Josep M.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Forest, Petersham, MA USA.
[Sweet, Lynn C.; McCullough, Ian M.; Davis, Frank W.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Syphard, Alexandra D.] Conservat Biol Inst, La Mesa, CA USA.
[Regan, Helen M.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Biol, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Flint, Lorraine E.; Flint, Alan L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Dingman, John R.] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Moritz, Max A.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Redmond, Kelly] Desert Res Inst, Div Atmospher Sci, Reno, NV USA.
[Hannah, Lee] Conservat Int, Arlington, VA USA.
RP Serra-Diaz, JM (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Geog Sci & Urban Planning, Tempe, AZ 85281 USA.
EM pep.science@gmail.com
RI Davis, Frank/B-7010-2009
OI Davis, Frank/0000-0002-4643-5718
FU National Science Foundation's Macrosystems Biology Program [EF-1065864,
EF-1065826, EF-1065753]; USDA Forest Service (Malcolm North); Tejon
Ranch Company; Tejon Ranch Conservancy; UCSB's Earth Research Inst.;
GRUMETS Generalitat de Catalunya [2014 SGR 1491]
FX This research was supported by the National Science Foundation's
Macrosystems Biology Program (EF-1065864 to FWD, Principal Investigator;
EF-1065826 to JF; EF-1065753 to HMR). We thank the USDA Forest Service
(in particular our collaborator Malcolm North), the Tejon Ranch Company,
the Tejon Ranch Conservancy, and UCSB's Earth Research Inst. for their
assistance and support. JMS-D acknowledges further support from the
GRUMETS team 2014 SGR 1491 Generalitat de Catalunya. We thank M.
Oldfather for insightful comments.
NR 16
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U1 24
U2 24
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0906-7590
EI 1600-0587
J9 ECOGRAPHY
JI Ecography
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 9
BP 844
EP 845
DI 10.1111/ecog.02074
PG 2
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW4TJ
UT WOS:000383635600004
ER
PT J
AU Holbrook, CM
Bergstedt, RA
Barber, J
Bravener, GA
Jones, ML
Krueger, CC
AF Holbrook, Christopher M.
Bergstedt, Roger A.
Barber, Jessica
Bravener, Gale A.
Jones, Michael L.
Krueger, Charles C.
TI Evaluating harvest-based control of invasive fish with telemetry:
performance of sea lamprey traps in the Great Lakes
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE exploitation; Great Lakes; mark-recapture; pest control; Petromyzon
marinus; sea lampreys; St. Marys River; trap efficiency
ID ST-MARYS RIVER; PETROMYZON-MARINUS CONTROL; STERILE-MALE-RELEASE;
CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; NORTH-AMERICA; COMMON CARP; TAG FAILURE; ASIAN CARP;
GUIDE USE; MANAGEMENT
AB Physical removal (e.g., harvest via traps or nets) of mature individuals may be a cost-effective or socially acceptable alternative to chemical control strategies for invasive species, but requires knowledge of the spatial distribution of a population over time. We used acoustic telemetry to determine the current and possible future role of traps to control and assess invasive sea lampreys, Petromyzon marinus, in the St. Marys River, the connecting channel between Lake Superior and Lake Huron. Exploitation rates (i.e., fractions of an adult sea lamprey population removed by traps) at two upstream locations were compared among three years and two points of entry to the system. Telemetry receivers throughout the drainage allowed trap performance (exploitation rate) to be partitioned into two components: proportion of migrating sea lampreys that visited trap sites (availability) and proportion of available sea lampreys that were caught by traps (local trap efficiency). Estimated exploitation rates were well below those needed to provide population control in the absence of lampricides and were limited by availability and local trap efficiency. Local trap efficiency estimates for acoustic-tagged sea lampreys were lower than analogous estimates regularly obtained using traditional mark-recapture methods, suggesting that abundance had been previously underestimated. Results suggested major changes would be required to substantially increase catch, including improvements to existing traps, installation of new traps, or other modifications to attract and retain more sea lampreys. This case study also shows how bias associated with telemetry tags can be estimated and incorporated in models to improve inferences about parameters that are directly relevant to fishery management.
C1 [Holbrook, Christopher M.; Bergstedt, Roger A.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49721 USA.
[Holbrook, Christopher M.; Jones, Michael L.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 293 Farm Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
[Barber, Jessica] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Marquette Biol Stn, 3090 Wright St, Marquette, MI 49855 USA.
[Bravener, Gale A.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Sea Lamprey Control Ctr, 1219 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
[Krueger, Charles C.] Michigan State Univ, Ctr Syst Integrat & Sustainabil, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
[Bergstedt, Roger A.] 12390 M68, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Holbrook, CM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49721 USA.; Holbrook, CM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Quantitat Fisheries Ctr, 293 Farm Lane, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
EM cholbrook@usgs.gov
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission through Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative [GL-00E23010-3]
FX This work was funded by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission through Great
Lakes Restoration Initiative appropriations (GL-00E23010-3). The Great
Lakes Acoustic Telemetry Observation System (www.data.glos.us/glatos)
assisted with project coordination. We thank E. Larson, J. VanEffen, M.
Lancewicz, L. Lesmeister, Z. Holmes, J. Osga, D. Operhall, W. Lamoreux,
C. Wright, and H. Thompson for field support. We thank Michael Hansen,
Travis Brenden, Juan Pedro Steibel (Michigan State University), and two
anonymous reviewers for suggestions to improve an earlier version of the
manuscript. This article is contribution number 12 of the Great Lakes
Acoustic Telemetry Observation System, contribution number 2007 of the
USGS Great Lakes Science Center, and contribution number 2016-05 of the
MSU Quantitative Fisheries Center.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 40
U2 40
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 6
BP 1595
EP 1609
DI 10.1890/15-2251.1
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW0UJ
UT WOS:000383358000001
PM 27755707
ER
PT J
AU Sofaer, HR
Skagen, SK
Barsugli, JJ
Rashford, BS
Reese, GC
Hoeting, JA
Wood, AW
Noon, BR
AF Sofaer, Helen R.
Skagen, Susan K.
Barsugli, Joseph J.
Rashford, Benjamin S.
Reese, Gordon C.
Hoeting, Jennifer A.
Wood, Andrew W.
Noon, Barry R.
TI Projected wetland densities under climate change: habitat loss but
little geographic shift in conservation strategy
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change impacts; conservation planning; hydrological projection;
Prairie Pothole Region; vulnerability assessment; waterfowl
ID PRAIRIE POTHOLE REGION; CONTERMINOUS UNITED-STATES; DUCK NEST SURVIVAL;
LAND-USE CHANGE; NORTH-DAKOTA; GREAT-PLAINS; ECOSYSTEM SERVICES;
SOUTH-DAKOTA; LANDSCAPE; MODEL
AB Climate change poses major challenges for conservation and management because it alters the area, quality, and spatial distribution of habitat for natural populations. To assess species' vulnerability to climate change and target ongoing conservation investments, researchers and managers often consider the effects of projected changes in climate and land use on future habitat availability and quality and the uncertainty associated with these projections. Here, we draw on tools from hydrology and climate science to project the impact of climate change on the density of wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region of the USA, a critical area for breeding waterfowl and other wetland-dependent species. We evaluate the potential for a trade-off in the value of conservation investments under current and future climatic conditions and consider the joint effects of climate and land use. We use an integrated set of hydrological and climatological projections that provide physically based measures of water balance under historical and projected future climatic conditions. In addition, we use historical projections derived from ten general circulation models (GCMs) as a baseline from which to assess climate change impacts, rather than historical climate data. This method isolates the impact of greenhouse gas emissions and ensures that modeling errors are incorporated into the baseline rather than attributed to climate change. Our work shows that, on average, densities of wetlands (here defined as wetland basins holding water) are projected to decline across the U.S. Prairie Pothole Region, but that GCMs differ in both the magnitude and the direction of projected impacts. However, we found little evidence for a shift in the locations expected to provide the highest wetland densities under current vs. projected climatic conditions. This result was robust to the inclusion of projected changes in land use under climate change. We suggest that targeting conservation towards wetland complexes containing both small and relatively large wetland basins, which is an ongoing conservation strategy, may also act to hedge against uncertainty in the effects of climate change.
C1 [Sofaer, Helen R.; Noon, Barry R.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Sofaer, Helen R.; Skagen, Susan K.; Reese, Gordon C.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Barsugli, Joseph J.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Rashford, Benjamin S.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Agr & Appl Econ, 1000 E, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Hoeting, Jennifer A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Wood, Andrew W.] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Res Applicat Lab, 3450 Mitchell Lane, Boulder, CO 80301 USA.
RP Sofaer, HR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Sofaer, HR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
EM hsofaer@usgs.gov
OI Rashford, Benjamin/0000-0002-3003-6608
FU North Central Climate Science Center [G13AC00390, G12AC20504]; National
Science Foundation [AGS 1419558]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the North Central Climate Science
Center (G13AC00390 and G12AC20504). J. Hoeting was supported by the
National Science Foundation (AGS 1419558). Data for Fig. S2 in the
Appendix S1 was provided by Marian Talbert. Our study was improved by
advice and suggestions from Kevin Doherty, Janine Illian, Finn Lindgren,
Chuck Loesch, Neal Niemuth, Andrea Ray, Richard Seager, and Valerie
Steen. This manuscript was improved by comments from Michael Anteau and
two anonymous reviewers. We acknowledge the World Climate Research
Programme's Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for
CMIP, and we thank the climate modeling groups (see Appendix S1) for
producing and making available their model output. For CMIP the U.S.
Department of Energy's Program for Climate Model Diagnosis and
Intercomparison provides coordinating support and led development of
software infrastructure in partnership with the Global Organization for
Earth System Science Portals. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
NR 102
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 41
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 6
BP 1677
EP 1692
DI 10.1890/15-0750.1
PG 16
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW0UJ
UT WOS:000383358000007
PM 27755694
ER
PT J
AU Williams, PJ
Hooten, MB
AF Williams, Perry J.
Hooten, Mevin B.
TI Combining statistical inference and decisions in ecology
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian risk; Bayes rule; frequentist risk; loss function; optimal
posterior estimator; statistical decision theory
ID MANAGEMENT; UNCERTAINTY; SELECTION; DESIGN
AB Statistical decision theory (SDT) is a sub-field of decision theory that formally incorporates statistical investigation into a decision-theoretic framework to account for uncertainties in a decision problem. SDT provides a unifying analysis of three types of information: statistical results from a data set, knowledge of the consequences of potential choices (i.e., loss), and prior beliefs about a system. SDT links the theoretical development of a large body of statistical methods, including point estimation, hypothesis testing, and confidence interval estimation. The theory and application of SDT have mainly been developed and published in the fields of mathematics, statistics, operations research, and other decision sciences, but have had limited exposure in ecology. Thus, we provide an introduction to SDT for ecologists and describe its utility for linking the conventionally separate tasks of statistical investigation and decision making in a single framework. We describe the basic framework of both Bayesian and frequentist SDT, its traditional use in statistics, and discuss its application to decision problems that occur in ecology. We demonstrate SDT with two types of decisions: Bayesian point estimation and an applied management problem of selecting a prescribed fire rotation for managing a grassland bird species. Central to SDT, and decision theory in general, are loss functions. Thus, we also provide basic guidance and references for constructing loss functions for an SDT problem.
C1 [Williams, Perry J.; Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, 102 Stat Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Williams, Perry J.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 201 JVK Wagar Bldg,1484 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 201 JVK Wagar Bldg,1484 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Williams, PJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, 102 Stat Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Williams, PJ (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 201 JVK Wagar Bldg,1484 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM perry.williams@colostate.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Alaska Science Center; Colorado State
University, Department of Statistics
FX Funding was provided by U.S. Geological Survey, Alaska Science Center
and the Colorado State University, Department of Statistics. Daniel
Cooley, Paul Doherty, William Kendall, James Nichols, Joseph Robb,
Robert Steidl, and one anonymous reviewer provided valuable insight on
an earlier version of this manuscript. Joseph Robb, Brian Winters,
Benjamin Walker, and staff at Big Oaks National Wildlife Refuge, U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service collected and provided data on Henslow's
Sparrow counts and burn histories. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 54
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1051-0761
EI 1939-5582
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 6
BP 1930
EP 1942
DI 10.1890/15-1593.1
PG 13
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW0UJ
UT WOS:000383358000026
PM 27755713
ER
PT J
AU Hooten, MB
Buderman, FE
Brost, BM
Hanks, EM
Ivan, JS
AF Hooten, Mevin B.
Buderman, Frances E.
Brost, Brian M.
Hanks, Ephraim M.
Ivan, Jacob S.
TI Hierarchical animal movement models for population-level inference
SO ENVIRONMETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE hierarchical model; resource selection model; spatial statistics;
telemetry data; trajectories
ID POINT PROCESS MODELS; TELEMETRY DATA; RESOURCE SELECTION; ECOLOGY;
ABSENCE; GPS
AB New methods for modeling animal movement based on telemetry data are developed regularly. With advances in telemetry capabilities, animal movement models are becoming increasingly sophisticated. Despite a need for population-level inference, animal movement models are still predominantly developed for individual-level inference. Most efforts to upscale the inference to the population level are either post hoc or complicated enough that only the developer can implement the model. Hierarchical Bayesian models provide an ideal platform for the development of population-level animal movement models but can be challenging to fit due to computational limitations or extensive tuning required. We propose a two-stage procedure for fitting hierarchical animal movement models to telemetry data. The two-stage approach is statistically rigorous and allows one to fit individual-level movement models separately, then resample them using a secondary MCMC algorithm. The primary advantages of the two-stage approach are that the first stage is easily parallelizable and the second stage is completely unsupervised, allowing for an automated fitting procedure in many cases. We demonstrate the two-stage procedure with two applications of animal movement models. The first application involves a spatial point process approach to modeling telemetry data, and the second involves a more complicated continuous-time discrete-space animal movement model. We fit these models to simulated data and real telemetry data arising from a population of monitored Canada lynx in Colorado, USA. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Buderman, Frances E.; Brost, Brian M.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hanks, Ephraim M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Stat, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Ivan, Jacob S.] Colorado Pk & Wildlife, Denver, CO USA.
RP Hooten, MB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.; Hooten, MB (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM mevin.hooten@colostate.edu
FU NSF [1614392]; NSF EEID [1414296]; CPW [T01304]; NOAA AKC [188000];
International Environmetrics Society
FX Support for this research was provided by NSF 1614392, NSF EEID 1414296,
CPW T01304, and NOAA AKC 188000. The authors thank The International
Environmetrics Society and the editors of Environmetrics for their
support and assistance with this work. The authors also thank Walt
Piegorsch, Mindy Rice, Devin Johnson, Peter Craigmile, Erin Peterson,
Ron Smith, and the other organizers of the TIES 2016 annual meeting. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1180-4009
EI 1099-095X
J9 ENVIRONMETRICS
JI Environmetrics
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 27
IS 6
BP 322
EP 333
DI 10.1002/env.2402
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA DW6MS
UT WOS:000383765900001
ER
PT J
AU Midway, SR
Wagner, T
Zydlewski, JD
Irwin, BJ
Paukert, CP
AF Midway, Stephen R.
Wagner, Tyler
Zydlewski, Joseph D.
Irwin, Brian J.
Paukert, Craig P.
TI Transboundary Fisheries Science: Meeting the Challenges of Inland
Fisheries Management in the 21st Century
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID STRUCTURED DECISION-MAKING; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; MACROSYSTEMS ECOLOGY;
NATIVE RANGE; BROOK TROUT; CONSERVATION; FRAMEWORK; COLLABORATION;
LANDSCAPES; DIVERSITY
AB Managing inland fisheries in the 21st century presents several obstacles, including the need to view fisheries from multiple spatial and temporal scales, which usually involves populations and resources spanning sociopolitical boundaries. Though collaboration is not new to fisheries science, inland aquatic systems have historically been managed at local scales and present different challenges than in marine or large freshwater systems like the Laurentian Great Lakes. Therefore, we outline a flexible strategy that highlights organization, cooperation, analytics, and implementation as building blocks toward effectively addressing transboundary fisheries issues. Additionally, we discuss the use of Bayesian hierarchical models (within the analytical stage), due to their flexibility in dealing with the variability present in data from multiple scales. With growing recognition of both ecological drivers that span spatial and temporal scales and the subsequent need for collaboration to effectively manage heterogeneous resources, we expect implementation of transboundary approaches to become increasingly critical for effective inland fisheries management. El manejo de las pesquerias de aguas interiores en el siglo 21 presenta varios obstaculos que incluyen la necesidad de analizar las pesquerias desde distintas escalas espaciales y temporales, lo cual normalmente implica poblaciones y recursos que rebasan las fronteras sociopoliticas. Si bien la colaboracion no es algo nuevo en la ciencia pesquera, los sistemas acuaticos continentales han sido historicamente manejados a nivel local y entranan retos que son diferentes a los del medio marino y a los de grandes sistemas de agua dulce como Los Grandes Lagos. Por lo tanto, se propone una estrategia flexible que considera a la organizacion, cooperacion, analisis e implementacion como piezas fundamentales para abordar de forma efectiva los asuntos relativos a las pesquerias transfronterizas. Adicionalmente se discute el uso de modelos jerarquicos bayesianos (dentro de la etapa analitica) debido a su flexibilidad en cuanto al tratamiento de la variabilidad de los datos en multiples escalas. Tomando en cuenta la creciente aceptacion tanto de los forzantes ecologicos, en las dimensiones espacial y temporal, y la subsecuente necesidad de colaboracion para manejar eficientemente recursos heterogeneos, se espera que la implementacion de enfoques transfronterizos se vuelva cada vez mas importante para un manejo efectivo de las pesquerias en aguas interiores. La gestion des peches continentales au 21e siecle presente plusieurs obstacles, y compris la necessite de considerer la peche a partir de multiples echelles spatiales et temporelles, ce qui implique generalement des populations et des ressources reparties sur plusieurs frontieres sociopolitiques. Bien que la collaboration ne soit pas quelque chose de nouveau pour la science de la peche, les systemes aquatiques continentaux ont toujours ete geres a l'echelle locale et presentent des defis differents des grands systemes d'eau douce ou marins comme les Grands Lacs laurentiens. Par consequent, nous presentons une strategie souple qui met en evidence l'organisation, la cooperation, l'analyse et la mise en OEuvre en tant que blocs de construction afin de traiter efficacement les questions de peche transfrontieres. De plus, nous discutons de l'utilisation de modeles hierarchiques bayesiens (au sein de la phase d'analyse), en raison de leur flexibilite dans le traitement de la variabilite presente dans les donnees de plusieurs echelles.
Avec la reconnaissance croissante des facteurs ecologiques qui couvrent des echelles spatiales et temporelles, et la necessite d'une collaboration ulterieure pour gerer efficacement les ressources heterogenes, nous nous attendons a ce que la mise en OEuvre d'approches transfrontalieres devienne de plus en plus critique pour une gestion efficace de la peche continentale.
C1 [Midway, Stephen R.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 406 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wagner, Tyler] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Zydlewski, Joseph D.] Univ Maine, US Geol Survey, Maine Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Orono, ME USA.
[Irwin, Brian J.] Univ Georgia, US Geol Survey, Georgia Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Warnell Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Paukert, Craig P.] Univ Missouri, US Geol Survey, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
[Midway, Stephen R.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 2257 Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Midway, SR (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 406 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Midway, SR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Oceanog & Coastal Sci, 2257 Energy Coast & Environm Bldg, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
EM smidway@lsu.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey; Wildlife Management Institute; USFWS; Georgia
Department of Natural Resources; University of Georgia (Georgia CFWRU);
Missouri Department of Conservation; University of Missouri (Missouri
CFWRU); Maine Department of Inland Fish and Wildlife; University of
Maine (Maine CFWRU); Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pennsylvania Fish and
Boat Commission and Pennsylvania State University (Pennsylvania CFWRU)
FX We thank the U.S. Geological Survey for funding. The participating
Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units (CFWRUs) are sponsored
jointly by the U.S. Geological Survey, the Wildlife Management
Institute, and the USFWS, in addition to state and university
cooperators: the Georgia Department of Natural Resources and University
of Georgia (Georgia CFWRU), Missouri Department of Conservation and
University of Missouri (Missouri CFWRU), the Maine Department of Inland
Fish and Wildlife and University of Maine (Maine CFWRU), and the
Pennsylvania Game Commission, Pennsylvania Fish and Boat Commission and
Pennsylvania State University (Pennsylvania CFWRU). B. J .I. thanks the
Department of the Interior Southeast Climate Science Center. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 49
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 9
BP 536
EP 546
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1208090
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DW1NH
UT WOS:000383409400012
ER
PT J
AU Tsang, YP
Infante, DM
Stewart, J
Wang, LZ
Tingly, RW
Thornbrugh, D
Cooper, AR
Daniel, WM
AF Tsang, Yin-Phan
Infante, Dana M.
Stewart, Jana
Wang, Lizhu
Tingly, Ralph W., III
Thornbrugh, Darren
Cooper, Arthur R.
Daniel, Wesley M.
TI StreamThermal: A Software Package for Calculating Thermal Metrics from
Stream Temperature Data
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID FISH ASSEMBLAGES; REGIME
AB Improving quality and better availability of continuous stream temperature data allow natural resource managers, particularly in fisheries, to understand associations between different characteristics of stream thermal regimes and stream fishes. However, there is no convenient tool to efficiently characterize multiple metrics reflecting stream thermal regimes with the increasing amount of data from continuously recording data loggers. This article describes a software program packaged as a library in R to facilitate this process. With this freely available package, users will be able to quickly summarize metrics that describe five categories of stream thermal regimes: magnitude, variability, frequency, timing, and rate of change. The installation and usage instruction of this package, the definition of calculated thermal metrics, as well as the output format from the package are described, along with an application showing the utility for multiple metrics. We believe that this package can be widely utilized by interested stakeholders and can greatly assist future fisheries studies. Mejorar la calidad y disponibilidad de datos continuos de temperatura en los rios permite a manejadores de recursos naturales, particularmente en pesquerias, entender la relacion entre diferentes caracteristicas de regimenes termicos en los rios y los peces que los habitan. No obstante, no existe una herramienta conveniente para caracterizar de forma eficiente diferente metricas que reflejen regimenes termicos fluviales mediante la creciente cantidad de datos provenientes de dispositivos de registro continuo. En este articulo se describe un software programado en lenguaje R con el fin de facilitar dicho proceso. Con este software de acceso gratuito, los usuarios seran capaces de resumir rapidamente las metricas que describen cinco categorias de regimenes termicos en rios: magnitud, variabilidad, frecuencia, sincronizacion y tasa de cambio. Se describe la instalacion e instrucciones de uso, la definicion de las metricas utilizadas y el formato de salida de los archivos del programa; asi mismo se ofrece una aplicacion que muestra la utilidad de diferentes metricas. Creemos que este paquete puede ser ampliamente utilizado por usuarios interesados y puede ser de ayuda en un futuro para estudios de pesquerias. L'amelioration de la qualite et une meilleure disponibilite des donnees en continu de la temperature des cours d'eau permet aux gestionnaires de ressources naturelles, en particulier dans les pecheries, de comprendre les associations entre les differentes caracteristiques des regimes thermiques des cours d'eau et les poissons de ruisseaux. Cependant, il n'existe pas d'outil pratique pour caracteriser efficacement plusieurs parametres refletant les regimes thermiques des cours d'eau avec une quantite croissante de donnees provenant d'enregistreurs de donnees en continu. Cet article decrit un logiciel conditionne en package sous R pour faciliter ce processus. Avec ce package, disponible gratuitement, les utilisateurs seront en mesure de resumer rapidement les parametres decrivant cinq categories de regimes thermiques des cours d'eau: l'amplitude, la variabilite, la frequence, le temps, et le taux de changement. Les instructions d'installation et d'utilisation de ce package, la definition des parametres thermiques calcules, ainsi que le format de sortie du package sont decrits, et une application montre l'utilite de plusieurs parametres.
Nous croyons que ce package peut etre largement utilise par les parties interessees et peut grandement aider les futures etudes sur les peches.
C1 [Tsang, Yin-Phan; Infante, Dana M.; Tingly, Ralph W., III; Cooper, Arthur R.; Daniel, Wesley M.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 1405 S Harrison Rd,Suite 318, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
[Stewart, Jana] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI USA.
[Wang, Lizhu] Int Joint Commiss, Great Lakes Reg Off, Windsor, ON, Canada.
[Thornbrugh, Darren] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
[Thornbrugh, Darren] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR USA.
[Tsang, Yin-Phan] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd,Sherman 243, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
RP Tsang, YP (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, 1405 S Harrison Rd,Suite 318, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.; Tsang, YP (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, 1910 East West Rd,Sherman 243, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM tsangy@hawaii.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; U.S. Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science Center
FX This product was developed with support from the U.S. Geological Survey
National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center and was also
supported by the U.S. Department of Interior Northeast Climate Science
Center. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 9
BP 548
EP 554
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1210517
PG 7
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DW1NH
UT WOS:000383409400013
ER
PT J
AU Hartman, CA
Ackerman, JT
Herzog, MP
AF Hartman, C. Alex
Ackerman, Joshua T.
Herzog, Mark P.
TI Island characteristics within wetlands influence waterbird nest success
and abundance
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE American avocet; black-necked stilt; California; Forster's tern;
Himantopus mexicanus; island shape; island size; Recurvirostra
americana; Sterna forsteri; waterbirds; wetland management
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; BLACK-NECKED STILTS; AMERICAN AVOCETS; HABITAT
SELECTION; SITE SELECTION; CONSTRUCTED ISLANDS; SPACE USE; SIZE; TERNS;
HIMANTOPUS
AB Coastal waterbird populations are threatened by habitat loss and degradation from urban and agricultural development and forecasted sea level rise associated with climate change. Remaining wetlands often must be managed to ensure that waterbird habitat needs, and other ecosystem functions, are met. For many waterbirds, the availability of island nesting habitat is important for conserving breeding populations. We used linear mixed models to investigate the influence of pond and island landscape characteristics on nest abundance and nest success of American avocets (Recurvirostra americana), black-necked stilts (Himantopus mexicanus), and Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) in San Francisco Bay, California, USA, based on a 9-year dataset that included >9,000 nests. Nest abundance and nest success were greatest within ponds and on individual islands located either <1km or >4km from San Francisco Bay. Further, nest abundance was greater within ponds with relatively few islands, and on linear-shaped, highly elongated islands compared to more rounded islands. Nest success was greater on islands located away from the nearest surrounding pond levee. Compared to more rounded islands, linear islands contained more near-water habitat preferred by many nesting waterbirds. Islands located away from pond levees may provide greater protection from terrestrial egg and chick predators. Our results indicate that creating and maintaining a few, relatively small, highly elongated and narrow islands away from mainland levees, in as many wetland ponds as possible would be effective at providing waterbirds with preferred nesting habitat. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Hartman, C. Alex; Ackerman, Joshua T.; Herzog, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
RP Hartman, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr,Suite D, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM chartman@usgs.gov
FU Resource Legacy Fund; South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project; USGS
Western Ecological Research Center
FX The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. We thank C. M. Strong, E. Mruz, C. Morris and the staff of
the Don Edwards San Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge, and J.
Krause and the staff of the Eden Landing Ecological Reserve. We also
thank C. Eagles-Smith, G. Herring, and many field technicians for
assistance in the field. P. S. Coates, H. A. Mathewson, J. Brush, and 2
anonymous reviewers provided helpful comments on an earlier draft of
this manuscript. This study was funded by the Resource Legacy Fund, with
additional support from the South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project and
the USGS Western Ecological Research Center.
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 16
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 7
BP 1177
EP 1188
DI 10.1002/jwmg.21120
PG 12
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DW7CV
UT WOS:000383809700005
ER
PT J
AU Igl, LD
Johnson, DH
AF Igl, Lawrence D.
Johnson, Douglas H.
TI Effects of haying on breeding birds in CRP grasslands
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE agricultural programs; breeding birds; Conservation Reserve Program;
CRP; grassland; haying; mowing; northern Great Plains
ID CONSERVATION RESERVE PROGRAM; NORTH-DAKOTA; HARVESTING SWITCHGRASS;
UNITED-STATES; LE CONTES; FIELDS; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; ABUNDANCE;
SPARROWS
AB The Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) is a voluntary program that is available to agricultural producers to help protect environmentally sensitive or highly erodible land. Management disturbances of CRP grasslands generally are not allowed unless authorized to provide relief to livestock producers during severe drought or a similar natural disaster (i.e., emergency haying and grazing) or to improve the quality and performance of the CRP cover (i.e., managed haying and grazing). Although CRP grasslands may not be hayed or grazed during the primary bird-nesting season, these disturbances may have short-term (1yr after disturbance) and long-term (2yr after disturbance) effects on grassland bird populations. We assessed the effects of haying on 20 grassland bird species in 483 CRP grasslands in 9 counties of 4 states in the northern Great Plains, USA between 1993 and 2008. We compared breeding bird densities (as determined by total-area counts) in idle and hayed fields to evaluate changes 1, 2, 3, and 4 years after haying. Haying of CRP grasslands had either positive or negative effects on grassland birds, depending on the species, the county, and the number of years after the initial disturbance. Some species (e.g., horned lark [Eremophila alpestris], bobolink [Dolichonyx oryzivorus]) responded positively after haying, and others (e.g., song sparrow [Melospiza melodia]) responded negatively. The responses of some species changed direction as the fields recovered from haying. For example, densities for common yellowthroat (Geothlypis trichas), sedge wren (Cistothorus platensis), and clay-colored sparrow (Spizella pallida) declined the first year after haying but increased in the subsequent 3 years. Ten species showed treatmentxcounty interactions, indicating that the effects of haying varied geographically. This long-term evaluation on the effects of haying on breeding birds provides important information on the strength and direction of changes in bird populations following a disturbance. Results from this study can help guide management of CRP and other grasslands and inform future agricultural programs that address biomass energy production. (c) 2016 This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
C1 [Igl, Lawrence D.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
[Johnson, Douglas H.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 2003 Upper Buford Circle,Suite 135, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Igl, LD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM ligl@usgs.gov
OI Igl, Lawrence/0000-0003-0530-7266
FU U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Department of Agriculture
FX We thank K. L. Andersson, I. Balodis, K. A. Dalton, D. A. Hobbick, C. J.
Johnson, K. F. Kuehnl, J. M. Legge, R. L. Manson, L. A. Murphy, S. L.
Peterson, K. L. Richardson, T. L. Runia, M. D. Schwartz, C. M.
Shoemaker, J. C. Slagter, M. L. Sondreal, J. M. Steiner, and K. A. Ward
for their assistance in the field. We are grateful to the numerous
landowners and land-operators who allowed us access to their property.
D. A. Buhl, S. P. Campbell, and W. E. Newton provided statistical
advice. We appreciate the cooperation of the USDA's Farm Service Agency
state directors and the staffs of county USDA offices (Farm Service
Agency and Natural Resources Conservation Service) who provided
information on CRP fields. Finally, we thank W. J. Bleier, G. K.
Clambey, J. W. Grier, D. R. Kirby, W. E. Newton, M. W. Vandever, and 2
anonymous reviewers for providing insightful comments on earlier drafts
of this manuscript. This study was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey
with partial funding from the U.S. Department of Agriculture. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 73
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 16
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 7
BP 1189
EP 1204
DI 10.1002/jwmg.21119
PG 16
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DW7CV
UT WOS:000383809700006
ER
PT J
AU Lutz, CL
Diefenbach, DR
Rosenberry, CS
AF Lutz, Clayton L.
Diefenbach, Duane R.
Rosenberry, Christopher S.
TI Proximate influences on female dispersal in white-tailed deer
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE barriers; chronic wasting disease; disease spread; dispersal; foray;
movement; Odocoileus virginianus; Pennsylvania; proximate causes;
white-tailed deer
ID WASTING DISEASE AREA; GENE FLOW; ODOCOILEUS-VIRGINIANUS; LOCALIZED
MANAGEMENT; NATAL DISPERSAL; POPULATION; MOVEMENTS; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR;
ROADS
AB Ultimate causes of animal dispersal have been hypothesized to benefit the dispersing individual because dispersal reduces competition for local resources, potential for inbreeding, and competition for breeding partners. However, proximate cues influence important features of dispersal behavior, including when dispersal occurs, how long it lasts, and direction, straightness, and distance of the dispersal path. Therefore, proximate cues that affect dispersal influence ecological processes (e.g., population dynamics, disease transmission, gene flow). We captured and radio-marked 277 juvenile female white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus), of which 27 dispersed, to evaluate dispersal behavior and to determine proximate cues that may influence dispersal behavior. Female dispersal largely occurred at 1 year of age and coincided with the fawning season. Dispersal paths varied but generally were non-linear and prolonged. Physical landscape features (i.e., roadways, rivers, residential areas) influenced dispersal path direction and where dispersal terminated. Additionally, forays outside of the natal range that did not result in dispersal occurred among 52% of global positioning system (GPS)-collared deer (n=25) during the dispersal period. Our results suggest intra-specific social interactions and physical landscape features influence dispersal behavior in female deer. Female dispersal behavior, particularly the lack of directionality, the semi-permeable nature of physical barriers, and the frequency of forays outside of the natal range, should be considered in regard to population management and controlling the spread of disease. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Lutz, Clayton L.] Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 419 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Diefenbach, Duane R.] Penn State Univ, US Geol Survey, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 419 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Rosenberry, Christopher S.] Penn Game Commiss, Bur Wildlife Management, 2001 Elmerton Ave, Harrisburg, PA 17110 USA.
[Lutz, Clayton L.] Penn Game Commiss, Southcent Reg, 8627 William Penn Highway, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA.
RP Lutz, CL (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 419 Forest Resources Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Lutz, CL (reprint author), Penn Game Commiss, Southcent Reg, 8627 William Penn Highway, Huntingdon, PA 16652 USA.
EM cllutz@pa.gov
FU PGC; United States Geological Survey Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit; Pennsylvania State University
FX Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the United States Government. We
thank many private landowners, the PGC, and the Pennsylvania Department
of Conservation and Natural Resources for allowing us to capture deer on
their properties. Much credit goes to the teams of technicians that
trapped and tracked deer for this project. Earlier versions of this
manuscript were improved by the thoughtful suggestions provided by E. S.
Long, I. D. Gregg, and W. A. Laroche. The paper also was constructively
improved by 2 anonymous reviewers. This research was supported by the
PGC, United States Geological Survey Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and
Wildlife Research Unit, and The Pennsylvania State University.
NR 74
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 7
BP 1218
EP 1226
DI 10.1002/jwmg.21106
PG 9
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DW7CV
UT WOS:000383809700008
ER
PT J
AU Osnas, EE
Zhao, Q
Runge, MC
Boomer, GS
AF Osnas, Erik E.
Zhao, Qing
Runge, Michael C.
Boomer, G. Scott
TI Cross-seasonal effects on waterfowl productivity: Implications under
climate change
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE age ratio; climate change; habitat; harvest; productivity; waterfowl;
yield curve
ID NORTHERN PINTAILS; BODY CONDITION; SIERRA-NEVADA; CALIFORNIA; SURVIVAL;
HABITAT; MALLARDS; WINTER; RECRUITMENT; MANAGEMENT
AB Previous efforts to relate winter-ground precipitation to subsequent reproductive success as measured by the ratio of juveniles to adults in the autumn failed to account for increased vulnerability of juvenile ducks to hunting and uncertainty in the estimated age ratio. Neglecting increased juvenile vulnerability will positively bias the mean productivity estimate, and neglecting increased vulnerability and estimation uncertainty will positively bias the year-to-year variance in productivity because raw age ratios are the product of sampling variation, the year-specific vulnerability, and year-specific reproductive success. Therefore, we estimated the effects of cumulative winter precipitation in the California Central Valley and the Mississippi Alluvial Valley on pintail (Anas acuta) and mallard (Anas platyrhnchos) reproduction, respectively, using hierarchical Bayesian methods to correct for sampling bias in productivity estimates and observation error in covariates. We applied the model to a hunter-collected parts survey implemented by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service and band recoveries reported to the United States Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory using data from 1961 to 2013. We compared our results to previous estimates that used simple linear regression on uncorrected age ratios from a smaller subset of years in pintail (1961-1985). Like previous analyses, we found large and consistent effects of population size and wetland conditions in prairie Canada on mallard productivity, and large effects of population size and mean latitude of the observed breeding population on pintail productivity. Unlike previous analyses, we report a large amount of uncertainty in the estimated effects of wintering-ground precipitation on pintail and mallard productivity, with considerable uncertainty in the sign of the estimated main effect, although the posterior medians of precipitation effects were consistent with past studies. We found more consistent estimates in the sign of an interaction effect between population size and precipitation, suggesting that wintering-ground precipitation has a larger effect in years of high population size, especially for pintail. When we used the estimated effects in a population model to derive a sustainable harvest and population size projection (i.e., a yield curve), there was considerable uncertainty in the effect of increased or decreased wintering-ground precipitation on sustainable harvest potential and population size. These results suggest that the mechanism of cross-seasonal effects between winter habitat and reproduction in ducks occurs through a reduction in the strength of density dependence in years of above-average wintering-ground precipitation. We suggest additional investigation of the underlying mechanisms and that habitat managers and decision-makers consider the level of uncertainty in these estimates when attempting to integrate habitat management and harvest management decisions. Collection of annual data on the status of wintering-ground habitat in a rigorous sampling framework would likely be the most direct way to improve understanding of mechanisms and inform management. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Osnas, Erik E.; Runge, Michael C.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Zhao, Qing] Colorado State Univ, Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Boomer, G. Scott] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Populat & Habitat Assessment Branch, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Osnas, Erik E.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
RP Osnas, EE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.; Osnas, EE (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM erik_osnas@fws.gov
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Multi-LCC Project; Division
of Migratory Bird Management, Population and Habitat Assessment Branch;
U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership; Ducks Unlimited
Canada; Environment Canada
FX Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Comments
from G. S. Zimmerman, P. D. Padding, J. P. Fleskes, J. M. Eadie, M.
Brasher, R. G. Clark, J. H. Devries, P. R. Garrettson, G. Souchay, P. R.
Krausman, and an anonymous reviewer improved this manuscript. Funding
was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service through the Multi-LCC
Project Funding Opportunity and through a grant from the Division of
Migratory Bird Management, Population and Habitat Assessment Branch; the
U.S. Geological Survey Science Support Partnership; Ducks Unlimited
Canada; and Environment Canada.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 17
U2 17
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 7
BP 1227
EP 1241
DI 10.1002/jwmg.21124
PG 15
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DW7CV
UT WOS:000383809700009
ER
PT J
AU Lambert, BA
Schorr, RA
Schneider, SC
Muths, E
AF Lambert, Brad A.
Schorr, Robert A.
Schneider, Scott C.
Muths, Erin
TI Influence of demography and environment on persistence in toad
populations
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibian; Anaxyrus boreas; apparent survival; Batrachochytrium
dendrobatidis; chytrid fungus; Colorado; mark-recapture; population
growth; Pradel model; recruitment
ID EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; BOREAL TOADS;
BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS; AMPHIBIAN POPULATIONS; TEMPORARY
EMIGRATION; ANAXYRUS-BOREAS; MARKED ANIMALS; CHYTRID FUNGUS;
BUFO-BOREAS; SURVIVAL
AB Effective conservation of rare species requires an understanding of how potential threats affect population dynamics. Unfortunately, information about population demographics prior to threats (i.e., baseline data) is lacking for many species. Perturbations, caused by climate change, disease, or other stressors can lead to population declines and heightened conservation concerns. Boreal toads (Anaxyrus boreas boreas) have undergone rangewide declines due mostly to the amphibian chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd), with only a few sizable populations remaining in the southern Rocky Mountains, USA, that are disease-free. Despite the apparent region-wide occurrence of Bd, our focal populations in central Colorado were disease free over a 14-year capture-mark-recapture study until the recent discovery of Bd at one of the sites. We used recapture data and the Pradel reverse-time model to assess the influence of environmental and site-specific conditions on survival and recruitment. We then forecast changes in the toad populations with 2 growth models; one using an average lambda value to initiate the projection, and one using the most recent value to capture potential effects of the incursion of disease into the system. Adult survival was consistently high at the 3 sites, whereas recruitment was more variable and markedly low at 1 site. We found that active season moisture, active season length, and breeding shallows were important factors in estimating recruitment. Population growth models indicated a slight increase at 1 site but decreasing trends at the 2 other sites, possibly influenced by low recruitment. Insight into declining species management can be gained from information on survival and recruitment and how site-specific environmental factors influence these demographic parameters. Our data are particularly useful because they provide baseline data on demographics in populations before a disease outbreak and enhance our ability to detect changes in population parameters potentially caused by the disease. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Lambert, Brad A.; Schorr, Robert A.; Schneider, Scott C.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Nat Heritage Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Muths, Erin] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, 2150 Ctr Ave,Bldg C, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
RP Lambert, BA (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Colorado Nat Heritage Program, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM bradley.lambert@colostate.edu
FU Colorado Parks and Wildlife; U.S. Forest Service; U.S. Geological
Survey's Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI)
FX Use of trade, product, or firm names is descriptive and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. We thank everyone who assisted with
field work and project support, especially H. Crockett and T. Jackson.
K. Thompson assisted with Bd testing and M. K. Watry and J. Siemers
provided helpful comments on the manuscript. Primary funding for this
project was provided by Colorado Parks and Wildlife with supplemental
funding from the U.S. Forest Service and the U.S. Geological Survey's
Amphibian Research and Monitoring Initiative (ARMI). This is
contribution number 539 of ARMI.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 7
BP 1256
EP 1266
DI 10.1002/jwmg.21118
PG 11
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DW7CV
UT WOS:000383809700011
ER
PT J
AU Hartman, CA
Ackerman, JT
Takekawa, JY
Herzog, MP
AF Hartman, C. Alex
Ackerman, Joshua T.
Takekawa, John Y.
Herzog, Mark P.
TI Waterbird nest-site selection is influenced by neighboring nests and
island topography
SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE American avocet; Forster's tern; nest microhabitat; nest-site selection;
real-time kinematics; Recurvirostra americana; social attraction;
spatial scale; Sterna forsteri; topography
ID HABITAT SELECTION; CONSPECIFIC ATTRACTION; HATCHING SUCCESS; PREDATION;
BIOLOGY; BIRDS; LARUS; CONSTRAINTS; SHOREBIRDS; STERNA
AB Avian nest-site selection is influenced by factors operating across multiple spatial scales. Identifying preferred physical characteristics (e.g., topography, vegetation structure) can inform managers to improve nesting habitat suitability. However, social factors (e.g., attraction, territoriality, competition) can complicate understanding physical characteristics preferred by nesting birds. We simultaneously evaluated the physical characteristics and social factors influencing selection of island nest sites by colonial-nesting American avocets (Recurvirostra americana) and Forster's terns (Sterna forsteri) at 2 spatial scales in San Francisco Bay, 2011-2012. At the larger island plot (1m(2)) scale, we used real-time kinematics to produce detailed topographies of nesting islands and map the distribution of nests. Nesting probability was greatest in island plots between 0.5m and 1.5m above the water surface, at distances <10m from the water's edge, and of moderately steep (avocets) or flat (terns) slopes. Further, avocet and tern nesting probability increased as the number of nests initiated in adjacent plots increased up to a peak of 11-12 tern nests, and then decreased thereafter. Yet, avocets were less likely to nest in plots adjacent to plots with nesting avocets, suggesting an influence of intra-specific territoriality. At the smaller microhabitat scale, or the area immediately surrounding the nest, we compared topography, vegetation, and distance to nearest nest between nest sites and paired random sites. Topography had little influence on selection of the nest microhabitat. Instead, nest sites were more likely to have vegetation present, and greater cover, than random sites. Finally, avocet, and to a lesser extent tern, nest sites were closer to other active conspecific or heterospecific nests than random sites, indicating that social attraction played a role in selection of nest microhabitat. Our results demonstrate key differences in nest-site selection between co-occurring avocets and terns, and indicate the effects of physical characteristics and social factors on selection of nesting habitat are dependent on the spatial scale examined. Moreover, these results indicate that islands with abundant area between 0.5m and 1.5m above the water surface, within 10m of the water's edge, and containing a mosaic of slopes ranging from flat to moderately steep would provide preferred nesting habitat for avocets and terns. (c) 2016 The Wildlife Society.
C1 [Hartman, C. Alex; Ackerman, Joshua T.; Herzog, Mark P.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, San Francisco Bay Estuary Field Stn, 505 Azuar Dr, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Takekawa, John Y.] Natl Audubon Soc, 220 Montgomery St, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA.
RP Hartman, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Dixon Field Stn, 800 Business Pk Dr, Dixon, CA 95620 USA.
EM chartman@usgs.gov
FU Resource Legacy Fund; South Bay Salt Pond Restoration Project; USGS
Western Ecological Research Center
FX The use of trade, product, or firm names in this publication is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. Logistical support was provided by the Don Edwards San
Francisco Bay National Wildlife Refuge and the Eden Landing Ecological
Reserve. We thank G. Herring, T. M. McKinney, T. C. Watts, J. R. Barr,
K. N. Boysen, S. L. Flaherty, N. M. Hill, J. C. LaCoss, N. S. Roach, and
C. V. Yabut for assistance in the field. This study was funded by the
Resource Legacy Fund, with additional support from the South Bay Salt
Pond Restoration Project and the USGS Western Ecological Research
Center.
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 10
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0022-541X
EI 1937-2817
J9 J WILDLIFE MANAGE
JI J. Wildl. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 80
IS 7
BP 1267
EP 1279
DI 10.1002/jwmg.21105
PG 13
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DW7CV
UT WOS:000383809700012
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZA
Kroeger, KD
Ganju, NK
Gonneea, ME
Chu, SN
AF Wang, Zhaohui Aleck
Kroeger, Kevin D.
Ganju, Neil K.
Gonneea, Meagan Eagle
Chu, Sophie N.
TI Intertidal salt marshes as an important source of inorganic carbon to
the coastal ocean
SO LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
ID YORK RIVER ESTUARY; ALKALINITY GENERATION; DOMINATED ESTUARY; SULFATE
REDUCTION; PYRITE FORMATION; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; EAST-COAST; DIOXIDE;
FLUXES; SEDIMENTS
AB Dynamic tidal export of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) to the coastal ocean from highly productive intertidal marshes and its effects on seawater carbonate chemistry are thoroughly evaluated. The study uses a comprehensive approach by combining tidal water sampling of CO2 parameters across seasons, continuous in situ measurements of biogeochemically-relevant parameters and water fluxes, with high-resolution modeling in an intertidal salt marsh of the U.S. northeast region. Salt marshes can acidify and alkalize tidal water by injecting CO2 (DIC) and total alkalinity (TA). DIC and TA generation may also be decoupled due to differential effects of marsh aerobic and anaerobic respiration on DIC and TA. As marsh DIC is added to tidal water, the buffering capacity first decreases to a minimum and then increases quickly. Large additions of marsh DIC can result in higher buffering capacity in ebbing tide than incoming tide. Alkalization of tidal water, which mostly occurs in the summer due to anaerobic respiration, can further modify buffering capacity. Marsh exports of DIC and alkalinity may have complex implications for the future, more acidified ocean. Marsh DIC export exhibits high variability over tidal and seasonal cycles, which is modulated by both marsh DIC generation and by water fluxes. The marsh DIC export of 414 g C m(-2) yr(-1), based on high-resolution measurements and modeling, is more than twice the previous estimates. It is a major term in the marsh carbon budget and translates to one of the largest carbon fluxes along the U.S. East Coast.
C1 [Wang, Zhaohui Aleck; Chu, Sophie N.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Kroeger, Kevin D.; Ganju, Neil K.; Gonneea, Meagan Eagle] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Wang, ZA (reprint author), Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Marine Chem & Geochem, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM zawang@whoi.edu
FU USGS Coastal & Marine Geology Program; U.S. National Science Foundation
[OCE-1459521]; NOAA Science Collaborative [NA09NOS4190153]; USGS
LandCarbon Program
FX We thank Adrian Mann, Katherine Hoering, Sandra Brosnahan, Linda
Kraemer, Thomas Kraemer, T. Wallace Brooks, Julia Signell, Jennifer
O'keefe Suttles, Alterra Sanchez, Michael Casso, John Pohlman, Jordan
Mora, Patrick Dickhudt, Yue Qiu, and the staff of Waquoit Bay NERR for
sampling, logistical, and analysis support. All data and models
presented in the paper can be obtained from Zhaohui Aleck Wang
(zawang@whoi.edu) upon request. The study is funded by the USGS Coastal
& Marine Geology Program, U.S. National Science Foundation
(OCE-1459521), NOAA Science Collaborative (NA09NOS4190153), and USGS
LandCarbon Program. Any use of trade, firm or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 57
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 15
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0024-3590
EI 1939-5590
J9 LIMNOL OCEANOGR
JI Limnol. Oceanogr.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 61
IS 5
BP 1916
EP 1931
DI 10.1002/lno.10347
PG 16
WC Limnology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DW4OD
UT WOS:000383621800026
ER
PT J
AU Row, JR
Oyler-McCance, SJ
Fedy, BC
AF Row, Jeffrey R.
Oyler-McCance, Sara J.
Fedy, Bradley C.
TI Differential influences of local subpopulations on regional diversity
and differentiation for greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus)
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE approximate Bayesian computation; genetic differentiation; genetic
diversity; source-sink population dynamics; Wyoming
ID APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; RECENT MIGRATION RATES;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; LANDSCAPE GENETICS;
CONSERVATION VALUE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; INFERENCE; TIME; DISPERSAL
AB The distribution of spatial genetic variation across a region can shape evolutionary dynamics and impact population persistence. Local population dynamics and among-population dispersal rates are strong drivers of this spatial genetic variation, yet for many species we lack a clear understanding of how these population processes interact in space to shape within-species genetic variation. Here, we used extensive genetic and demographic data from 10 subpopulations of greater sage-grouse to parameterize a simulated approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) model and (i) test for regional differences in population density and dispersal rates for greater sage-grouse subpopulations in Wyoming, and (ii) quantify how these differences impact subpopulation regional influence on genetic variation. We found a close match between observed and simulated data under our parameterized model and strong variation in density and dispersal rates across Wyoming. Sensitivity analyses suggested that changes in dispersal (via landscape resistance) had a greater influence on regional differentiation, whereas changes in density had a greater influence on mean diversity across all subpopulations. Local subpopulations, however, varied in their regional influence on genetic variation. Decreases in the size and dispersal rates of central populations with low overall and net immigration (i.e. population sources) had the greatest negative impact on genetic variation. Overall, our results provide insight into the interactions among demography, dispersal and genetic variation and highlight the potential of ABC to disentangle the complexity of regional population dynamics and project the genetic impact of changing conditions.
C1 [Row, Jeffrey R.; Fedy, Bradley C.] Univ Waterloo, Environm & Resource Studies, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
[Oyler-McCance, Sara J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Row, JR (reprint author), Univ Waterloo, Environm & Resource Studies, 200 Univ Ave West, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
EM jeff.row@me.com
FU U.S. Bureau of Land Management; U.S. Geological Survey; Wyoming Game and
Fish Department
FX We thank Tom Christiansen, Chris Keefe for their support, coordination
and insights. We thank the many individuals who invested time and energy
into collecting and submitting feathers for genetic analysis. Funding
for the research was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Land Management,
U.S. Geological Survey, and Wyoming Game and Fish Department.
NR 65
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 8
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 18
BP 4424
EP 4437
DI 10.1111/mec.13776
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DW0PX
UT WOS:000383344400002
PM 27483196
ER
PT J
AU Storlazzi, CD
Dartnell, P
Hatcher, GA
Gibbs, AE
AF Storlazzi, Curt D.
Dartnell, Peter
Hatcher, Gerald A.
Gibbs, Ann E.
TI End of the chain? Rugosity and fine-scale bathymetry from existing
underwater digital imagery using structure-from-motion (SfM) technology
SO CORAL REEFS
LA English
DT Article
DE Rugosity; Bathymetry; Imagery; Structurefrom-motion (SfM)
ID CORAL-REEFS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; TOPOGRAPHY
AB The rugosity or complexity of the seafloor has been shown to be an important ecological parameter for fish, algae, and corals. Historically, rugosity has been measured either using simple and subjective manual methods such as 'chain-and-tape' or complicated and expensive geophysical methods. Here, we demonstrate the application of structure-from-motion (SfM) photogrammetry to generate high-resolution, three-dimensional bathymetric models of a fringing reef from existing underwater video collected to characterize the seafloor. SfM techniques are capable of achieving spatial resolution that can be orders of magnitude greater than large-scale lidar and sonar mapping of coral reef ecosystems. The resulting data provide finer-scale measurements of bathymetry and rugosity that are more applicable to ecological studies of coral reefs than provided by the more expensive and time-consuming geophysical methods. Utilizing SfM techniques for characterizing the benthic habitat proved to be more effective and quantitatively powerful than conventional methods and thus might portend the end of the 'chain-and-tape' method for measuring benthic complexity.
C1 [Storlazzi, Curt D.; Dartnell, Peter; Hatcher, Gerald A.; Gibbs, Ann E.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
RP Storlazzi, CD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 400 Nat Bridges Dr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM cstorlazzi@usgs.gov
FU USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program
FX This is a contribution of the US Geological Survey's (USGS) Pacific
Coral Reef Project and was supported by the USGS Coastal and Marine
Geology Program. This work is dedicated to Paul Jokiel (UH-HIMB), who
taught so much about coral reefs and their monitoring to so many. We
would like to thank Dave Zawada (USGS) and three anonymous reviewers who
contributed numerous excellent suggestions. Use of trademark names does
not suggest USGS endorsement of products.
NR 24
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 15
U2 15
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0722-4028
EI 1432-0975
J9 CORAL REEFS
JI Coral Reefs
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 3
BP 889
EP 894
DI 10.1007/s00338-016-1462-8
PG 6
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DU2CU
UT WOS:000382019400015
ER
PT J
AU Sharma, P
Tang, S
Mayer, GD
Patino, R
AF Sharma, Prakash
Tang, Song
Mayer, Gregory D.
Patino, Reynaldo
TI Effects of thyroid endocrine manipulation on sex-related gene expression
and population sex ratios in Zebrafish
SO GENERAL AND COMPARATIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Teleost; Thyroxine; Masculinization; Anti-mullerian hormone; Aromatase;
Sex steroid receptor
ID ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE; DANIO-RERIO; GONADAL DIFFERENTIATION;
ESTROGEN-RECEPTORS; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; DMRT1 EXPRESSION; OOCYTE
APOPTOSIS; RAINBOW-TROUT; TELEOST FISH; AROMATASE
AB Thyroid hormone reportedly induces masculinization of genetic females and goitrogen treatment delays testicular differentiation (ovary-to-testis transformation) in genetic males of Zebrafish. This study explored potential molecular mechanisms of these phenomena. Zebrafish were treated with thyroxine (T4, 2 nM), goitrogen [methimazole (MZ), 0.15 mM], MZ (0.15 mM) and T4 (2 nM) (rescue treatment), or reconstituted water (control) from 3 to 33 days postfertilization (dpf) and maintained in control water until 45 dpf. Whole fish were collected during early (25 dpf) and late (45 dpf) testicular differentiation for transcript abundance analysis of selected male (dmrt1, amh, ar) and female (cyp19a1a, esr1, esr2a, esr2b) sex-related genes by quantitative RT-PCR, and fold-changes relative to control values were determined. Additional fish were sampled at 45 dpf for histological assessment of gonadal sex. The T4 and rescue treatments caused male-biased populations, and T4 alone induced precocious puberty in similar to 50% of males. Male biased sex ratios were accompanied by increased expression of amh and ar and reduced expression of cyp19a1a, esr1, esr2a, and esr2b at 25 and 45 dpf and, unexpectedly, reduced expression of dmrt1 at 45 dpf. Goitrogen exposure increased the proportion of individuals with ovaries (per previous studies interpreted as delay in testicular differentiation of genetic males), and at 25 and 45 dpf reduced the expression of amh and ar and increased the expression of esr1 (only at 25 dpf), esr2a, and esr2b. Notably, cyp19a1a transcript was reduced but via non-thyroidal pathways (not restored by rescue treatment). In conclusion, the masculinizing activity of T4 at the population level may be due to its ability to inhibit female and stimulate male sex-related genes in larvae, while the inability of MZ to induce cyp19a1a, which is necessary for ovarian differentiation, may explain why its "feminizing" activity on gonadal sex is not permanent. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Sharma, Prakash; Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Sharma, Prakash] Texas Tech Univ, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Tang, Song; Mayer, Gregory D.] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Environm Toxicol, Inst Environm & Human Hlth, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, US Geol Survey, Texas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Patino, Reynaldo] Texas Tech Univ, Dept Nat Resources Management, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
[Sharma, Prakash] ICAR Directorate Cold Water Fisheries Res, Bhimtal 263136, Uttarakhand, India.
[Tang, Song] Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B3, Canada.
RP Patino, R (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM reynaldo.patino@ttu.edu
RI Mayer, Gregory/A-8459-2017
OI Mayer, Gregory/0000-0002-2652-9856
FU Texas Tech University; Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit; U.S. Geological Survey; Texas Parks and Wildlife Department;
Wildlife Management Institute; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We thank Dr. Ricardo Hattori for his useful critique of an early draft
of this manuscript. This study was facilitated by intramural funding
from Texas Tech University and Texas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit, which is jointly supported by U.S. Geological Survey,
Texas Tech University, Texas Parks and Wildlife Department, The Wildlife
Management Institute, and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 59
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 16
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0016-6480
EI 1095-6840
J9 GEN COMP ENDOCR
JI Gen. Comp. Endocrinol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 235
BP 38
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.ygcen.2016.05.028
PG 10
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA DU4KP
UT WOS:000382181800005
PM 27255368
ER
PT J
AU Rose, ET
Simons, TR
Klein, R
McKerrow, AJ
AF Rose, Eli T.
Simons, Theodore R.
Klein, Rob
McKerrow, Alexa J.
TI Normalized burn ratios link fire severity with patterns of avian
occurrence
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Differenced normalized burn ratio; Species occurrence; Remote sensing;
Fire severity; Habitat use; Birds; Spatial scale
ID SOUTHERN APPALACHIANS; POSTFIRE SUCCESSION; BOREAL FOREST; LANDSAT TM;
DIVERSITY; SUPPRESSION; REDUCTION; LANDSCAPE; COMMUNITY; TRENDS
AB Context Remotely sensed differenced normalized burn ratios (DNBR) provide an index of fire severity across the footprint of a fire. We asked whether this index was useful for explaining patterns of bird occurrence within fire adapted xeric pine-oak forests of the southern Appalachian Mountains.
Objectives We evaluated the use of DNBR indices for linking ecosystem process with patterns of bird occurrence. We compared field-based and remotely sensed fire severity indices and used each to develop occupancy models for six bird species to identify patterns of bird occurrence following fire.
Methods We identified and sampled 228 points within fires that recently burned within Great Smoky Mountains National Park. We performed avian point counts and field-assessed fire severity at each bird census point. We also used Landsat (TM) imagery acquired before and after each fire to quantify fire severity using DNBR. We used non-parametric methods to quantify agreement between fire severity indices, and evaluated single season occupancy models incorporating fire severity summarized at different spatial scales.
Results Agreement between field-derived and remotely sensed measures of fire severity was influenced by vegetation type. Although occurrence models using field-derived indices of fire severity outperformed those using DNBR, summarizing DNBR at multiple spatial scales provided additional insights into patterns of occurrence associated with different sized patches of high severity fire.
Conclusions DNBR is useful for linking the effects of fire severity to patterns of bird occurrence, and informing how high severity fire shapes patterns of bird species occurrence on the landscape.
C1 [Rose, Eli T.] North Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Simons, Theodore R.] North Carolina State Univ, US Geol Survey, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
[Klein, Rob] Natl Pk Serv, Great Smoky Mt Natl Pk, Gatlinburg, TN 37738 USA.
[McKerrow, Alexa J.] NCSU, US Geol Survey, Core Sci Analyt Synth & Lib, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Rose, ET (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, North Carolina Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Appl Ecol, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM EliTRose2@gmail.com; tsimons@ncsu.edu; Rob_Klein@nps.gov;
amckerrow@usgs.gov
OI Rose, Eli/0000-0003-0958-9491
FU National Park Service; USGS National Gap Analysis Program; North
Carolina State University; North Carolina Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit; Great Smoky Mountains Conservation Association
FX Financial support for this project came through a collaborative effort
between the National Park Service, the USGS National Gap Analysis
Program, North Carolina State University, North Carolina Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the Great Smoky Mountains
Conservation Association.
NR 47
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
EI 1572-9761
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 7
BP 1537
EP 1550
DI 10.1007/s10980-015-0334-x
PG 14
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA DV4PC
UT WOS:000382906500009
ER
PT J
AU Roffler, GH
Amish, SJ
Smith, S
Cosart, T
Kardos, M
Schwartz, MK
Luikart, G
AF Roffler, Gretchen H.
Amish, Stephen J.
Smith, Seth
Cosart, Ted
Kardos, Marty
Schwartz, Michael K.
Luikart, Gordon
TI SNP discovery in candidate adaptive genes using exon capture in a
free-ranging alpine ungulate
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
LA English
DT Article
DE candidate genes; exon capture; next-generation sequencing; Ovis dalli
dalli; population genomics; SNP chip
ID SHEEP OVIS-DALLI; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; BIGHORN SHEEP;
POPULATION GENOMICS; NEXT-GENERATION; WILD SHEEP; LANDSCAPE GENOMICS;
SELECTION; SEQUENCE; DNA
AB Identification of genes underlying genomic signatures of natural selection is key to understanding adaptation to local conditions. We used targeted resequencing to identify SNP markers in 5321 candidate adaptive genes associated with known immunological, metabolic and growth functions in ovids and other ungulates. We selectively targeted 8161 exons in protein-coding and nearby 5 and 3 untranslated regions of chosen candidate genes. Targeted sequences were taken from bighorn sheep (Oviscanadensis) exon capture data and directly from the domestic sheep genome (Ovisaries v. 3; oviAri3). The bighorn sheep sequences used in the Dall's sheep (Ovis dalli dalli) exon capture aligned to 2350 genes on the oviAri3 genome with an average of 2 exons each. We developed a microfluidic qPCR-based SNP chip to genotype 476 Dall's sheep from locations across their range and test for patterns of selection. Using multiple corroborating approaches (lositan and bayescan), we detected 28 SNP loci potentially under selection. We additionally identified candidate loci significantly associated with latitude, longitude, precipitation and temperature, suggesting local environmental adaptation. The three methods demonstrated consistent support for natural selection on nine genes with immune and disease-regulating functions (e.g. Ovar-DRA, APC, BATF2, MAGEB18), cell regulation signalling pathways (e.g. KRIT1, PI3K, ORRC3), and respiratory health (CYSLTR1). Characterizing adaptive allele distributions from novel genetic techniques will facilitate investigation of the influence of environmental variation on local adaptation of a northern alpine ungulate throughout its range. This research demonstrated the utility of exon capture for gene-targeted SNP discovery and subsequent SNP chip genotyping using low-quality samples in a nonmodel species.
C1 [Roffler, Gretchen H.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Roffler, Gretchen H.] Univ Montana, Wildlife Biol Program, Dept Ecosyst Sci & Conservat, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Amish, Stephen J.; Smith, Seth; Cosart, Ted; Kardos, Marty; Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Fish & Wildlife Genom Grp, Div Biol Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Kardos, Marty; Schwartz, Michael K.] Uppsala Univ, Evolutionary Biol Ctr, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Schwartz, Michael K.] US Forest Serv, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Natl Genom Ctr Wildlife & Fish Conservat, 800 E Beckwith Ave, Missoula, MT 59801 USA.
[Luikart, Gordon] Univ Montana, Flathead Lake Biol Stn, Polson, MT 59860 USA.
RP Roffler, GH (reprint author), Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Wildlife Conservat, 802 3rd St, Douglas, AK 99824 USA.
EM gretchen.roffler@alaska.gov
OI Roffler, Gretchen/0000-0002-8534-3664
FU National Park Service (NPS); U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); U.S.
National Science Foundation [1407300]; USGS; University of Montana
scholarships; NSF [DEB-1258203, DEB-1067613]; National Science
Foundation via the Montana Institute on Ecosystems [EPS-1101342];
Montana Ecology of Infectious Diseases IGERT Program [DGE-0504628]
FX This work was funded by the National Park Service (NPS) and the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS), and U.S. National Science Foundation grant
1407300. The NPS (J. Lawler, B. Mangipane, K. Rattenbury), the Alaska
Department of Fish and Game (N. Cassara, T. Kavalok, T. Lohuis, T.
McDonough, T. Peltier, R. Schwanke) and the Yukon Department of
Environment (T. Hegel) provided samples and valuable insights.
Laboratory assistance was provided by Y. Horeaux and J. Shabacker. L.
Adams, S. Dobrowski and M. Hebblewhite provided useful comments on early
drafts of the manuscript. This work was supported by the U.S. National
Science Foundation grant 1407300. G.R. was supported by the USGS and 3
University of Montana scholarships (Bertha Morton, Les Pengelly, and
George and Mildred Cirica). G.L. was supported by NSF grants DEB-1258203
and DEB-1067613. M.K. was supported by the National Science Foundation
via the Montana Institute on Ecosystems (EPS-1101342) and the Montana
Ecology of Infectious Diseases IGERT Program (DGE-0504628). Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 82
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 14
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1755-098X
EI 1755-0998
J9 MOL ECOL RESOUR
JI Mol. Ecol. Resour.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 16
IS 5
SI SI
BP 1147
EP 1164
DI 10.1111/1755-0998.12560
PG 18
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DV9SH
UT WOS:000383281400009
PM 27327375
ER
PT J
AU Greaver, TL
Clark, CM
Compton, JE
Vallano, D
Talhelm, AF
Weaver, CP
Band, LE
Baron, JS
Davidson, EA
Tague, CL
Felker-Quinn, E
Lynch, JA
Herrick, JD
Liu, L
Goodale, CL
Novak, KJ
Haeuber, RA
AF Greaver, T. L.
Clark, C. M.
Compton, J. E.
Vallano, D.
Talhelm, A. F.
Weaver, C. P.
Band, L. E.
Baron, J. S.
Davidson, E. A.
Tague, C. L.
Felker-Quinn, E.
Lynch, J. A.
Herrick, J. D.
Liu, L.
Goodale, C. L.
Novak, K. J.
Haeuber, R. A.
TI Key ecological responses to nitrogen are altered by climate change
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Review
ID SHALLOW LAKES; UNITED-STATES; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; SOIL RESPIRATION;
ELEVATED CO2; FRESH-WATER; AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS; FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; ACIDIC
DEPOSITION; REACTIVE NITROGEN
AB Climate change and anthropogenic nitrogen deposition are both important ecological threats. Evaluating their cumulative effects provides a more holistic view of ecosystem vulnerability to human activities, which would better inform policy decisions aimed to protect the sustainability of ecosystems. Our knowledge of the cumulative effects of these stressors is growing, but we lack an integrated understanding. In this Review, we describe how climate change alters key processes in terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems related to nitrogen cycling and availability, and the response of ecosystems to nitrogen addition in terms of carbon cycling, acidification and biodiversity.
C1 [Greaver, T. L.; Talhelm, A. F.; Weaver, C. P.; Felker-Quinn, E.; Herrick, J. D.; Novak, K. J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Clark, C. M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Arlington, VA 22202 USA.
[Compton, J. E.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Vallano, D.] US EPA, AQAO, Reg 9,75 Hawthorne St, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA.
[Talhelm, A. F.] Univ Idaho, Coll Nat Resources, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Band, L. E.] Univ North Carolina Chapel Hill, Inst Environm, Dept Geog, Chapel Hill, NC 27514 USA.
[Baron, J. S.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Davidson, E. A.] Univ Maryland, Appalachian Lab, Ctr Environm Sci, 301 Braddock Rd, Frostburg, MD 21532 USA.
[Tague, C. L.] Univ Calif, Bren Sch Environm Sci & Management, Bren Hall, Isla Vista, CA 93271 USA.
[Lynch, J. A.; Haeuber, R. A.] US EPA, Clean Air Markets Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Liu, L.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Bot, State Key Lab Vegetat & Environm Change, Beijing 100093, Peoples R China.
[Goodale, C. L.] Cornell Univ, Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Corson Hall Ithaca, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
RP Greaver, TL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM greaver.tara@epa.gov
RI Weaver, Christopher/G-3714-2010; Davidson, Eric/K-4984-2013
OI Weaver, Christopher/0000-0003-4016-5451; Davidson,
Eric/0000-0002-8525-8697
FU Environmental Protection Agency
FX The authors thank the participants of the Environmental Protection
Agency sponsored workshop: 'Interacting Effects of Climate and Nitrogen
on Ecosystems and Their Services: Workshop to Review Current Science and
Inform Policy-Driven Scientific Needs' for their contributions. We also
thank Meredith Lassiter and Ellen Cooter for technical comments to
improve the manuscript. The views expressed in this abstract are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views or policies of
the US EPA.
NR 100
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 110
U2 110
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 9
BP 836
EP 843
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3088
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU3UB
UT WOS:000382136600012
ER
PT J
AU Runge, MC
Stroeve, JC
Barrett, AP
McDonald-Madden, E
AF Runge, Michael C.
Stroeve, Julienne C.
Barrett, Andrew P.
McDonald-Madden, Eve
TI Detecting failure of climate predictions
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID ARCTIC SEA-ICE; NORTHERN PINTAIL; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT; FORECASTS
AB The practical consequences of climate change challenge society to formulate responses that are more suited to achieving long-term objectives, even if those responses have to be made in the face of uncertainty(1,2). Such a decision-analytic focus uses the products of climate science as probabilistic predictions about the effects of management policies(3). Here we present methods to detect when climate predictions are failing to capture the system dynamics. For a single model, we measure goodness of fit based on the empirical distribution function, and define failure when the distribution of observed values significantly diverges from the modelled distribution. For a set of models, the same statistic can be used to provide relative weights for the individual models, and we define failure when there is no linear weighting of the ensemble models that produces a satisfactory match to the observations. Early detection of failure of a set of predictions is important for improving model predictions and the decisions based on them. We show that these methods would have detected a range shift in northern pintail 20 years before it was actually discovered, and are increasingly giving more weight to those climate models that forecast a September ice-free Arctic by 2055.
C1 [Runge, Michael C.] USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Stroeve, Julienne C.; Barrett, Andrew P.] Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Stroeve, Julienne C.] UCL, London WC1E 6BT, England.
[McDonald-Madden, Eve] Univ Queensland, Sch Geog Planning & Environm Management, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia.
RP Runge, MC (reprint author), USGS Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM mrunge@usgs.gov
OI Runge, Michael/0000-0002-8081-536X
FU NOAA Climate Program Office, Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and
Projections (MAPP) Program as part of the CMIP5 Task Force; NOAA
[NA10OAR4320142]; ARC DECRA Fellowship; ARC Centre for Excellence in
Environmental Decisions
FX The authors acknowledge the support of the NOAA Climate Program Office,
Modeling, Analysis, Predictions, and Projections (MAPP) Program as part
of the CMIP5 Task Force. J.C.S. was supported by NOAA grant
NA10OAR4320142. E.M.-M. was supported by an ARC DECRA Fellowship and by
the ARC Centre for Excellence in Environmental Decisions.
NR 29
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 10
U2 10
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 9
BP 861
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3041
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU3UB
UT WOS:000382136600017
ER
PT J
AU Berg, A
Findell, K
Lintner, B
Giannini, A
Seneviratne, SI
van den Hurk, B
Lorenz, R
Pitman, A
Hagemann, S
Meier, A
Cheruy, F
Ducharne, A
Malyshev, S
Milly, PCD
AF Berg, Alexis
Findell, Kirsten
Lintner, Benjamin
Giannini, Alessandra
Seneviratne, Sonia I.
van den Hurk, Bart
Lorenz, Ruth
Pitman, Andy
Hagemann, Stefan
Meier, Arndt
Cheruy, Frederique
Ducharne, Agnes
Malyshev, Sergey
Milly, P. C. D.
TI Land-atmosphere feedbacks amplify aridity increase over land under
global warming
SO NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
LA English
DT Article
ID CMIP5 CLIMATE MODELS; SOIL-MOISTURE; TERRESTRIAL ARIDITY; FUTURE;
PRECIPITATION; SIMULATIONS; CONTRAST; TEMPERATURE; RESPONSES; ENERGY
AB The response of the terrestrial water cycle to global warming is central to issues including water resources, agriculture and ecosystem health. Recent studies(1-6) indicate that aridity, defined in terms of atmospheric supply (precipitation, P) and demand (potential evapotranspiration, E-p) of water at the land surface, will increase globally in a warmer world. Recently proposed mechanisms for this response emphasize the driving role of oceanic warming and associated atmospheric processes(4,5). Here we show that the aridity response is substantially amplified by land-atmosphere feedbacks associated with the land surface's response to climate and CO2 change. Using simulations from the Global Land Atmosphere Coupling Experiment (GLACE)-CMIP5 experiment(7-9), we show that global aridity is enhanced by the feedbacks of projected soil moisture decrease on land surface temperature, relative humidity andprecipitation. The physiological impact of increasing atmospheric CO2 on vegetation exerts a qualitatively similar control on aridity. We reconcile these findings with previously proposed mechanisms(5) by showing that the moist enthalpy change over land is unaffected by the land hydrological response. Thus, although oceanic warming constrains the combined moisture and temperature changes over land, land hydrology modulates the partitioning of this enthalpy increase towards increased aridity.
C1 [Berg, Alexis; Giannini, Alessandra] Columbia Univ, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Findell, Kirsten] Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, 201 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Lintner, Benjamin] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, 14 Coll Farm Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Seneviratne, Sonia I.] ETH, Inst Atmospher & Climate Sci, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[van den Hurk, Bart] Royal Netherlands Meteorol Inst KNMI, Utrechtseweg 297, NL-3731 GA De Bilt, Netherlands.
[Lorenz, Ruth; Pitman, Andy] Univ New South Wales, ARC Ctr Excellence Climate Syst Sci, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Lorenz, Ruth; Pitman, Andy] Univ New South Wales, Climate Change Res Ctr, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Hagemann, Stefan] Max Planck Inst Meteorol, Bundesstr 53, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany.
[Meier, Arndt] Ctr Environm & Climate Res, Solvegatan 37, S-22362 Lund, Sweden.
[Cheruy, Frederique] Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, Lab Meteorol Dynam, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Ducharne, Agnes] Inst Pierre Simon Laplace, UMR METIS 7619, 4 Pl Jussieu, F-75005 Paris, France.
[Malyshev, Sergey] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Malyshev, Sergey] Cooperat Inst Climate Studies, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Milly, P. C. D.] US Geol Survey, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
[Milly, P. C. D.] NOAA, Geophys Fluid Dynam Lab Princeton, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA.
RP Berg, A (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Int Res Inst Climate & Soc, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
EM alexis.berg@noaa.gov
RI Seneviratne, Sonia/G-8761-2011; Pitman, Andrew/A-7353-2011; Giannini,
Alessandra/F-7163-2016;
OI Seneviratne, Sonia/0000-0001-9528-2917; Pitman,
Andrew/0000-0003-0604-3274; Giannini, Alessandra/0000-0001-5425-4995;
Lorenz, Ruth/0000-0002-3986-1268
FU NSF [AGS-1331375]
FX The contribution of A.B. was supported by NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship
AGS-1331375. We acknowledge the World Climate Research Programme's
Working Group on Coupled Modelling, which is responsible for CMIP, and
we thank the climate modelling groups for producing and making available
their model output. For CMIP, the US Department of Energy's Program for
Climate Model Diagnosis and Intercomparison provides coordinating
support and led development of software infrastructure in partnership
with the Global Organization for Earth System Science Portals. The
authors thank T. Knutson and I. Held for providing comments on an
earlier version of the manuscript.
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 29
U2 29
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1758-678X
EI 1758-6798
J9 NAT CLIM CHANGE
JI Nat. Clim. Chang.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 9
BP 869
EP +
DI 10.1038/NCLIMATE3029
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA DU3UB
UT WOS:000382136600019
ER
PT J
AU Hamilton, JB
Rondorf, DW
Tinniswood, WR
Leary, RJ
Mayer, T
Gavette, C
Casal, LA
AF Hamilton, John B.
Rondorf, Dennis W.
Tinniswood, William R.
Leary, Ryan J.
Mayer, Tim
Gavette, Charleen
Casal, Lynne A.
TI The Persistence and Characteristics of Chinook Salmon Migrations to the
Upper Klamath River Prior to Exclusion by Dams
SO OREGON HISTORICAL QUARTERLY
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Hamilton, John B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fisheries & Hydropower Relicensing Branch, Yreka, CA 96097 USA.
[Rondorf, Dennis W.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Olympia, WA USA.
[Rondorf, Dennis W.] USGS, Supervising Res Projects Snake, Columbia, MO USA.
[Rondorf, Dennis W.] USGS Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Columbia, MO USA.
[Tinniswood, William R.] ODFW, Klamath Falls, OR USA.
[Mayer, Tim] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Water Resources Branch, Portland, OR USA.
[Gavette, Charleen] NOAA Fisheries West Coast Reg, Santa Rosa, CA USA.
[Gavette, Charleen] NOAA Fisheries, Santa Rosa, CA USA.
[Gavette, Charleen] Snow Leopard Conservancy, Sonoma, CA USA.
[Casal, Lynne A.] US Forest Serv, Riverside Res Fire Lab, Riverside, CA USA.
[Casal, Lynne A.] US Geol Survey, Cty Riversides GIS Dept, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Seattle, WA USA.
RP Hamilton, JB (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fisheries & Hydropower Relicensing Branch, Yreka, CA 96097 USA.
NR 122
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU OREGON HISTORICAL SOC
PI PORTLAND
PA 1230 SW PARK AVE, PORTLAND, OR 97205 USA
SN 0030-4727
J9 OREG HIST QUART
JI Oregon Hist. Q.
PD FAL
PY 2016
VL 117
IS 3
BP 326
EP 377
DI 10.5403/oregonhistq.117.3.0326
PG 52
WC History
SC History
GA DV7SZ
UT WOS:000383138900001
ER
PT J
AU Li, JX
Wang, Q
Oremland, RS
Kulp, TR
Rensing, C
Wang, GJ
AF Li, Jingxin
Wang, Qian
Oremland, Ronald S.
Kulp, Thomas R.
Rensing, Christopher
Wang, Gejiao
TI Microbial Antimony Biogeochemistry: Enzymes, Regulation, and Related
Metabolic Pathways
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; COMPARATIVE PROTEOMIC ANALYSIS;
INFANT-DEATH-SYNDROME; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SCOPULARIOPSIS-BREVICAULIS;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; NATURAL-WATERS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; SB(III)
OXIDATION; THIOBACILLUS-FERROOXIDANS
AB Antimony (Sb) is a toxic metalloid that occurs widely at trace concentrations in soil, aquatic systems, and the atmosphere. Nowadays, with the development of its new industrial applications and the corresponding expansion of antimony mining activities, the phenomenon of antimony pollution has become an increasingly serious concern. In recent years, research interest in Sb has been growing and reflects a fundamental scientific concern regarding Sb in the environment. In this review, we summarize the recent research on bacterial antimony transformations, especially those regarding antimony uptake, efflux, antimonite oxidation, and antimonate reduction. We conclude that our current understanding of antimony biochemistry and biogeochemistry is roughly equivalent to where that of arsenic was some 20 years ago. This portends the possibility of future discoveries with regard to the ability of microorganisms to conserve energy for their growth from antimony redox reactions and the isolation of new species of "antimonotrophs."
C1 [Li, Jingxin; Wang, Qian; Wang, Gejiao] Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Oremland, Ronald S.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Kulp, Thomas R.] SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY USA.
[Rensing, Christopher] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Urban Environm, Xiamen, Peoples R China.
[Rensing, Christopher] J Craig Venter Inst, La Jolla, CA USA.
[Wang, Qian] Montana State Univ, Dept Land Resources & Environm Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
RP Wang, GJ (reprint author), Huazhong Agr Univ, Coll Life Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Agr Microbiol, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
EM gejiao@mail.hzau.edu.cn
FU USGS National Research Program; National Natural Science Foundation of
China (NSFC) [31470226]
FX This work, including the efforts of Ronald S. Oremland, was funded by
USGS National Research Program. This work, including the efforts of
Gejiao Wang, was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China
(NSFC) (31470226).
NR 138
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 37
U2 38
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 18
BP 5482
EP 5495
DI 10.1128/AEM.01375-16
PG 14
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA DU9KF
UT WOS:000382535000002
PM 27342551
ER
PT J
AU Galatowitsch, SM
Larson, DL
Larson, JL
AF Galatowitsch, Susan M.
Larson, Diane L.
Larson, Jennifer L.
TI Factors affecting post-control reinvasion by seed of an invasive
species, Phragmites australis, in the central Platte River, Nebraska
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Common reed; Hydrochory; Prescribed flooding; River restoration;
Vegetation management
ID COMMON REED; NORTH-AMERICA; GENETIC DIVERSITY; SOUTH-AFRICA;
REPRODUCTION; RESTORATION; STRATEGIES; DYNAMICS; TAMARIX; QUEBEC
AB Invasive plants, such as Phragmites australis, can profoundly affect channel environments of large rivers by stabilizing sediments and altering water flows. Invasive plant removal is considered necessary where restoration of dynamic channels is needed to provide critical habitat for species of conservation concern. However, these programs are widely reported to be inefficient. Post-control reinvasion is frequent, suggesting increased attention is needed to prevent seed regeneration. To develop more effective responses to this invader in the Central Platte River (Nebraska, USA), we investigated several aspects of Phragmites seed ecology potentially linked to post-control reinvasion, in comparison to other common species: extent of viable seed production, importance of water transport, and regeneration responses to hydrology. We observed that although Phragmites seed does not mature until very late in the ice-free season, populations produce significant amounts of viable seed (> 50 % of filled seed). Most seed transported via water in the Platte River are invasive perennial species, although Phragmites abundances are much lower than species such as Lythrum salicaria, Cyperus esculentus and Phalaris arundinacea. Seed regeneration of Phragmites varies greatly depending on hydrology, especially timing of water level changes. Flood events coinciding with the beginning of seedling emergence reduced establishment by as much as 59 % compared to flood events that occurred a few weeks later. Results of these investigations suggest that prevention of seed set (i.e., by removal of flowering culms) should be a priority in vegetation stands not being treated annually. After seeds are in the seedbank, preventing reinvasion using prescribed flooding has a low chance of success given that Phragmites can regenerate in a wide variety of hydrologic microsites.
C1 [Galatowitsch, Susan M.; Larson, Jennifer L.] Univ Minnesota Twin Cities, St Paul, MN USA.
[Galatowitsch, Susan M.] Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 135 Skok Hall,2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55018 USA.
[Larson, Diane L.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, St Paul, MN USA.
RP Galatowitsch, SM (reprint author), Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 135 Skok Hall,2003 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55018 USA.
EM galat001@umn.edu
OI Larson, Diane/0000-0001-5202-0634
FU U.S. Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Studies; Northern Prairie
Wildlife Research Center
FX The authors thank Paul Kinzel (U.S. Geological Survey) and Jeff Runge
(U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) for orienting us to the history of
ecological and social changes on the central Platte River and providing
logistical guidance. We are grateful for the efforts of many technicians
who assisted in the field and lab, but especially Ashlee Hartmann, who
served as crew leader. Funding was provided by the U.S. Geological
Survey Priority Ecosystems Studies and Northern Prairie Wildlife
Research Center. Any use of trade, firm or product names does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 41
TC 1
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U1 17
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 9
SI SI
BP 2505
EP 2516
DI 10.1007/s10530-015-1048-3
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU3UA
UT WOS:000382136500009
ER
PT J
AU Dibble, KL
Meyerson, LA
AF Dibble, Kimberly L.
Meyerson, Laura A.
TI Detection of decreased quantities of actively spawning female Fundulus
heteroclitus in tidally restricted marshes relative to restored and
reference sites
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Killifish; Mummichog; Oocyte; Reproduction; Salt marsh
ID PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS INVASION; ESSENTIAL FISH HABITAT; ENGLAND
SALT-MARSH; COMMON REED; REPRODUCTIVE-CYCLE; RESTORATION; RESPONSES;
SURFACE; GROWTH; NEKTON
AB Hydrologic restriction of salt marshes and subsequent invasion by Phragmites australis could influence the reproductive success of Fundulus heteroclitus, a common salt marsh resident that forages and spawns on the marsh surface at flood tide. Previous research in our laboratory using data from 2010 to 2011 examined the proportion of actively spawning F. heteroclitus residing in altered New England salt marshes as part of a larger experiment to examine the physiological condition of fish in restricted and restored marshes relative to paired unrestricted (reference) sites. We detected a significant decrease in the proportion of actively spawning fish in restricted relative to paired unrestricted marshes, but no difference between restored and paired unrestricted marsh fish. In this manuscript, we conduct a re-analysis of a portion of that data (July 2011) to explore potential mechanisms behind previous results. Using forward stepwise selection and generalized linear mixed models, we determined that the reduction in actively spawning restricted marsh fish was due to a single predictor (lipid mass); there were no effects of water temperature, body size, parasite prevalence, parasite density, and growth rate on the response. Previous results indicate healthy restricted marsh fish already have reduced energy reserves. Since investment in oocytes is energetically costly (this analysis), the effect could manifest at the population level as a reduction in actively spawning fish. In addition, oocyte quality is reduced in restricted marshes (as measured by % lipid; 13.9 +/- 1.6 % SD) relative to paired unrestricted marshes (15.9 +/- 2.3 % SD). Although these data are preliminary and represent a single lunar cycle, additional studies are warranted to explore relationships between P. australis invasion, restoration, and effects on the fecundity of this ubiquitous salt marsh fish.
C1 [Dibble, Kimberly L.; Meyerson, Laura A.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, 1 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Dibble, Kimberly L.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Dibble, KL (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, 1 Greenhouse Rd, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.; Dibble, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM klellisdibble@gmail.com
FU EPA STAR Graduate Fellowship [FP-91710001-0]; National Oceanic and
Atmospheric Administration NERR Graduate Fellowship [NA09NOS4200041];
National Science Foundation (NSF) IGERT Grant [0504103]; US NSF DEB
Award [1049914]; Philanthropic Educational Organization
[Lellis-Dib3158688]; Northeast Aquatic Plant Management Society; Rhode
Island Natural History Survey; Nature Conservancy of Rhode Island
[Lellis-Dibble 05-30-09]; U.S. and Czech Fulbright Commissions; URI
Agricultural Experiment Station [RI00H-332, 311000-6044]; URI Coastal
Fellows Program
FX We thank P. Pooler for her assistance with the statistical analysis in
this manuscript. We also thank T. Lewis (Fredette), K. Dyer, S. Batters,
A. Becker, D. Duffin, E. Swanson, A. Collins, D. Cannata, T. Murphy, K.
Lellis, W. Lellis, and N. Dibble for field and laboratory assistance.
The following agencies and organizations provided support: EPA STAR
Graduate Fellowship (FP-91710001-0), National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration NERR Graduate Fellowship (NA09NOS4200041), National
Science Foundation (NSF) IGERT Grant to the Coastal Institute at URI
(0504103), US NSF DEB Award (1049914), Philanthropic Educational
Organization (Lellis-Dib3158688), Northeast Aquatic Plant Management
Society, Rhode Island Natural History Survey and The Nature Conservancy
of Rhode Island (Lellis-Dibble 05-30-09), URI Agricultural Experiment
Station (RI00H-332, 311000-6044), URI Coastal Fellows Program, and the
U.S. and Czech Fulbright Commissions.
NR 42
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Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 9
SI SI
BP 2679
EP 2687
DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1153-y
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU3UA
UT WOS:000382136500021
ER
PT J
AU Soares, MA
Li, HY
Kowalski, KP
Bergen, M
Torres, MS
White, JF
AF Soares, Marcos Antonio
Li, Hai-Yan
Kowalski, Kurt P.
Bergen, Marshall
Torres, Monica S.
White, James Francis
TI Evaluation of the functional roles of fungal endophytes of Phragmites
australis from high saline and low saline habitats
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Phragmites australis; Invasive; Endophytic fungi; Heavy metal; Salt
stress
ID PLANT-GROWTH PROMOTION; RADIAL OXYGEN LOSS; COMMON REED; GEOGRAPHIC
STRUCTURE; GENETIC DIVERSITY; COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; ORGAN-SPECIFICITY;
STRESS TOLERANCE; INVASIVE PLANTS; SALT TOLERANCE
AB Non-native Phragmites australis decreases biodiversity and produces dense stands in North America. We surveyed the endophyte communities in the stems, leaves and roots of collections of P. australis obtained from two sites with a low and high salt concentration to determine differences in endophyte composition and assess differences in functional roles of microbes in plants from both sites. We found differences in the abundance, richness and diversity of endophytes between the low saline collections (18 species distributed in phyla Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Stramenopiles (Oomycota); from orders Dothideales, Pleosporales, Hypocreales, Eurotiales, Cantharellales and Pythiales; Shannon H = 2.639; Fisher alpha = 7.335) and high saline collections (15 species from phylum Ascomycota; belonging to orders Pleosporales, Hypocreales, Diaporthales, Xylariales and Dothideales; Shannon H = 2.289; Fisher alpha = 4.181). Peyronellaea glomerata, Phoma macrostoma and Alternaria tenuissima were species obtained from both sites. The high salt endophyte community showed higher resistance to zinc, mercury and salt stress compared to fungal species from the low salt site. These endophytes also showed a greater propensity for growth promotion of rice seedlings (a model species) under salt stress. The results of this study are consistent with the 'habitat-adapted symbiosis hypothesis' that holds that endophytic microbes may help plants adapt to extreme habitats. The capacity of P. australis to establish symbiotic relationships with diverse endophytic microbes that enhance its tolerance to abiotic stresses could be a factor that contributes to its invasiveness in saline environments. Targeting the symbiotic associates of P. australis could lead to more sustainable control of non-native P. australis.
C1 [Soares, Marcos Antonio] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Bot & Ecol, Ave Fernando Correa da Costa, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
[Li, Hai-Yan] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Kowalski, Kurt P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Bergen, Marshall; Torres, Monica S.; White, James Francis] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
RP Soares, MA (reprint author), Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Bot & Ecol, Ave Fernando Correa da Costa, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.; White, JF (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM drmasoares@gmail.com; jwhite3728@gmail.com
OI Kowalski, Kurt/0000-0002-8424-4701; Soares, Marcos/0000-0002-8938-3188
FU Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT); Department of Plant Biology
and Pathology of Rutgers University; Brazilian National Council for
Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq); John E. and Christina
C. Craighead Foundation; USDA-NIFA Multistate Project [W3147]; New
Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station
FX The Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Department of Plant
Biology and Pathology of Rutgers University; The Brazilian National
Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for Post
Doctoral Fellowship; International Institute of Science and Technology
in Wetlands (INAU). The authors are also grateful to support from the
John E. and Christina C. Craighead Foundation, USDA-NIFA Multistate
Project W3147 and the New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station. Any
use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This article is
Contribution 1957 of the USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 119
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U1 27
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 9
SI SI
BP 2689
EP 2702
DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1160-z
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU3UA
UT WOS:000382136500022
ER
PT J
AU Clay, K
Shearin, ZRC
Bourke, KA
Bickford, WA
Kowalski, KP
AF Clay, Keith
Shearin, Zackery R. C.
Bourke, Kimberly A.
Bickford, Wesley A.
Kowalski, Kurt P.
TI Diversity of fungal endophytes in non-native Phragmites australis in the
Great Lakes
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Fungal endophytes; Phragmites; Diversity; Invasive; Wetlands; Control
ID COMMON REED; GENETIC DIVERSITY; ACREMONIUM-STRICTUM; PLANT INVASION;
NORTH-AMERICA; COMMUNITIES; HOST; MICROBIOMES; POPULATIONS; MANAGEMENT
AB Plant-microbial interactions may play a key role in plant invasions. One common microbial interaction takes place between plants and fungal endophytes when fungi asymptomatically colonize host plant tissues. The objectives of this study were to isolate and sequence fungal endophytes colonizing non-native Phragmites australis in the Great Lakes region to evaluate variation in endophyte community composition among three host tissue types and three geographical regions. We collected entire ramets from multiple clones and populations, surface sterilized plant tissues, and plated replicate tissue samples from leaves, stems, and rhizomes on corn meal agar plates to culture and isolate fungal endophytes. Isolates were then subjected to Sanger sequencing of the ITS region of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. Sequences were compared to fungal databases to define operational taxonomic units (OTUs) that were analyzed statistically for community composition. In total, we obtained 173 endophyte isolates corresponding to 55 OTUs, 39 of which were isolated only a single time. The most common OTU corresponded most closely to Sarocladium strictum and comprised 25 % of all fungal isolates. More OTUs were found in stem tissues, but endophyte diversity was greatest in rhizome tissues. PERMANOVA analyses indicated significant differences in endophyte communities among tissue types, geographical regions, and the interaction between those factors, but no differences among individual ramets were detected. The functional role of the isolated endophytes is not yet known, but one genus isolated here (Stagonospora) has been reported to enhance Phragmites growth. Understanding the diversity and functions of Phragmites endophytes may provide targets for control measures based on disrupting host plant/endophyte interactions.
C1 [Clay, Keith; Shearin, Zackery R. C.] Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
[Bourke, Kimberly A.; Bickford, Wesley A.; Kowalski, Kurt P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Clay, K (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Dept Biol, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
EM clay@indiana.edu
OI Kowalski, Kurt/0000-0002-8424-4701
FU USGS cooperative [G13AC00285]
FX This research was funded by the USGS cooperative agreement G13AC00285 to
Indiana University. We thank undergraduate students Savannah Wooten and
Erin Woehlke, high school student Phiona Raffington, and graduate
student Qing Chai for help with lab work and Sean Green and Dustin
Bradley of the USGS - Great Lakes Science Center for their help with
fieldwork. We thank graduate student Natalie Christian (Department of
Biology, Indiana University) for assistance with statistical model
generation and analysis. We also thank Noel Pavlovic of the USGS - Great
Lakes Science Center for assistance with site identification, site
history, and sample collection at the Indiana site. We thank Don
Bonnette of the Michigan DNR for assisting with site identification and
access for the Sandusky State Game Area in Michigan. We also thank the
Ottawa County Soil and Water Conservation District (Mike Libben, Jarred
Molesky) for putting us in touch with the South Lake Hunt Club in Ohio.
Finally, we greatly appreciate being granted access to the South Lake
Hunt Club. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
This article is Contribution 2026 of the USGS Great Lakes Science
Center.
NR 64
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 29
U2 30
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 9
SI SI
BP 2703
EP 2716
DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1137-y
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU3UA
UT WOS:000382136500023
ER
PT J
AU Braun, HA
Kowalski, KP
Hollins, K
AF Braun, H. A.
Kowalski, K. P.
Hollins, K.
TI Applying the collective impact approach to address non-native species: a
case study of the Great Lakes Phragmites Collaborative
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Phragmites australis; Collective impact; Collaboration; Great Lakes;
Invasive species; Collaborative; Regional coordination; Partnership
ID SCALE
AB To address the invasion of non-native Phragmites in the Great Lakes, researchers at the U.S. Geological Survey-Great Lakes Science Center partnered with the Great Lakes Commission in 2012 to establish the Great Lakes Phragmites Collaborative (GLPC). The GLPC is a regional-scale partnership established to improve collaboration among stake-holders and increase the effectiveness of non-native Phragmites management and research. Rather than forming a traditional partnership with a narrowly defined goal, the GLPC follows the principles of collective impact to engage stake-holders, guide progress, and align resources to address this complex, regional challenge. In this paper, the concept and tenets of collective impact are described, the GLPC is offered as a model for other natural resource-focused collective impact efforts, and steps for establishing collaboratives are presented. Capitalizing on the interactive collective impact approach, the GLPC is moving toward a broadly accepted common agenda around which agencies and individuals will be able to better align their actions and generate measureable progress in the regional campaign to protect healthy, diverse ecosystems from damage caused by non-native Phragmites.
C1 [Braun, H. A.; Hollins, K.] Great Lakes Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
[Kowalski, K. P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
RP Braun, HA (reprint author), Great Lakes Commiss, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA.
EM hbraun@glc.org
OI Kowalski, Kurt/0000-0002-8424-4701
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through the U.S. Environmental
Protection Agency's Great Lakes National Program Office
FX Financial support from the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative through
the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Great Lakes National Program
Office allowed the team from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)-Great
Lakes Science Center and the Great Lakes Commission (GLC) to complete
this project. We are grateful to Wes Bickford (USGS), Kim Bourke (IAP
Contractor), and Sarah Cook (GLC) for contributions to the development
of this collaborative and to Michele Leduc-Lapierre (GLC) for her
assistance to the collaborative and early writing contributions to this
manuscript. Finally, we are grateful to the known and anonymous
reviewers for their constructive comments. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government. This is contribution 2030 of the
USGS Great Lakes Science Center.
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
EI 1573-1464
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 18
IS 9
SI SI
BP 2729
EP 2738
DI 10.1007/s10530-016-1142-1
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU3UA
UT WOS:000382136500025
ER
PT J
AU Palmquist, KA
Schlaepfer, DR
Bradford, JB
Lauenroth, WK
AF Palmquist, Kyle A.
Schlaepfer, Daniel R.
Bradford, John B.
Lauenroth, William K.
TI Mid-latitude shrub steppe plant communities: climate change consequences
for soil water resources
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Artemisia tridentata; climate change; dryland; ecohydrology; Global
Circulation Model; representative concentration pathway; sagebrush;
semiarid; water balance
ID SAGEBRUSH ARTEMISIA-TRIDENTATA; MOUNTAIN BIG SAGEBRUSH; GREATER
SAGE-GROUSE; FUNCTIONAL TYPES; RELATIVE ABUNDANCE; BROMUS-TECTORUM;
UNITED-STATES; DRY REGIONS; PRECIPITATION; ECOHYDROLOGY
AB In the coming century, climate change is projected to impact precipitation and temperature regimes worldwide, with especially large effects in drylands. We use big sagebrush ecosystems as a model dryland ecosystem to explore the impacts of altered climate on ecohydrology and the implications of those changes for big sagebrush plant communities using output from 10 Global Circulation Models (GCMs) for two representative concentration pathways (RCPs). We ask: (1) What is the magnitude of variability in future temperature and precipitation regimes among GCMs and RCPs for big sagebrush ecosystems, and (2) How will altered climate and uncertainty in climate forecasts influence key aspects of big sagebrush water balance? We explored these questions across 1980-2010, 2030-2060, and 2070-2100 to determine how changes in water balance might develop through the 21st century. We assessed ecohydrological variables at 898 sagebrush sites across the western US using a process-based soil water model, SOILWAT, to model all components of daily water balance using site-specific vegetation parameters and site-specific soil properties for multiple soil layers. Our modeling approach allowed for changes in vegetation based on climate. Temperature increased across all GCMs and RCPs, whereas changes in precipitation were more variable across GCMs. Winter and spring precipitation was predicted to increase in the future (7% by 2030-2060, 12% by 2070-2100), resulting in slight increases in soil water potential (SWP) in winter. Despite wetter winter soil conditions, SWP decreased in late spring and summer due to increased evapotranspiration (6% by 2030-2060, 10% by 2070-2100) and groundwater recharge (26% and 30% increase by 2030-2060 and 2070-2100). Thus, despite increased precipitation in the cold season, soils may dry out earlier in the year, resulting in potentially longer, drier summer conditions. If winter precipitation cannot offset drier summer conditions in the future, we expect big sagebrush regeneration and survival will be negatively impacted, potentially resulting in shifts in the relative abundance of big sagebrush plant functional groups. Our results also highlight the importance of assessing multiple GCMs to understand the range of climate change outcomes on ecohydrology, which was contingent on the GCM chosen.
C1 [Palmquist, Kyle A.; Schlaepfer, Daniel R.; Lauenroth, William K.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Schlaepfer, Daniel R.] Univ Basel, Sect Conservat Biol, St Johanns Vorstadt 10, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Palmquist, KA (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Bot, 1000 E Univ Ave, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
EM kpalmqu1@uwyo.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
FU University of Wyoming; US Fish and Wildlife Service; North Central
Climate Science Center; US Department of Interior Geologic Survey; USGS
Ecosystems Mission Area
FX The work was made possible by funding from the University of Wyoming,
the US Fish and Wildlife Service, the North Central Climate Science
Center, and the US Department of Interior Geologic Survey. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. JBB was supported by the
USGS Ecosystems Mission Area. We thank two reviewers whose comments
improved an earlier version of this manuscript.
NR 69
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 21
U2 21
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 9
BP 2342
EP 2354
DI 10.1002/ecy.1457
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU9HK
UT WOS:000382527100018
PM 27859085
ER
PT J
AU Chamagne, J
Paine, CET
Schoolmaster, DR
Stejskal, R
Volarik, D
Sebesta, J
Trnka, F
Koutecky, T
Svarc, P
Svatek, M
Hector, A
Matula, R
AF Chamagne, Juliette
Paine, C. E. Timothy
Schoolmaster, Donald R., Jr.
Stejskal, Robert
Volarik, Daniel
Sebesta, Jan
Trnka, Filip
Koutecky, Tomas
Svarc, Petr
Svatek, Martin
Hector, Andy
Matula, Radim
TI Do the rich get richer? Varying effects of tree species identity and
diversity on the richness of understory taxa
SO ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodiversity; detritivorous beetles; earthworms; ecosystem functioning;
herbs; predatory beetles; saproxylic beetles; structural equation model;
temperate forests; trees
ID FOREST ECOSYSTEMS; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS; EARTHWORM COMMUNITIES; LITTER
DECOMPOSITION; PLANT PERFORMANCE; DECIDUOUS FORESTS; TEMPERATE FORESTS;
BIODIVERSITY LOSS; HERBACEOUS LAYER; BOREAL FORESTS
AB Understory herbs and soil invertebrates play key roles in soil formation and nutrient cycling in forests. Studies suggest that diversity in the canopy and in the understory are positively associated, but these studies often confound the effects of tree species diversity with those of tree species identity and abiotic conditions. We combined extensive field sampling with structural equation modeling to evaluate the simultaneous effects of tree diversity on the species diversity of understory herbs, beetles, and earthworms. The diversity of earthworms and saproxylic beetles was directly and positively associated with tree diversity, presumably because species of both these taxa specialize on certain species of trees. Tree identity also strongly affected diversity in the understory, especially for herbs, likely as a result of interspecific differences in canopy light transmittance or litter decomposition rates. Our results suggest that changes in forest management will disproportionately affect certain understory taxa. For instance, changes in canopy diversity will affect the diversity of earthworms and saproxylic beetles more than changes in tree species composition, whereas the converse would be expected for understory herbs and detritivorous beetles. We conclude that the effects of tree diversity on understory taxa can vary from positive to negative and may affect biogeochemical cycling in temperate forests. Thus, maintaining high diversity in temperate forests can promote the diversity of multiple taxa in the understory.
C1 [Chamagne, Juliette; Hector, Andy] Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Paine, C. E. Timothy] Univ Stirling, Biol & Environm Sci, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland.
[Schoolmaster, Donald R., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Stejskal, Robert; Volarik, Daniel; Sebesta, Jan; Koutecky, Tomas; Svatek, Martin; Matula, Radim] Mendel Univ Brno, Fac Forestry & Wood Technol, Dept Forest Bot Dendrol & Geobiocoenol, Zemedelska 3, Brno 61300, Czech Republic.
[Trnka, Filip] Palacky Univ, Dept Ecol & Environm Sci, Fac Sci, Slechtitelu 27, CZ-78371 Olomouc, Czech Republic.
[Svarc, Petr] Mendel Univ Brno, Fac Forestry & Wood Technol, Dept Forest Protect & Wildlife Management, Zemedelska 3, Brno 61300, Czech Republic.
[Hector, Andy] Univ Oxford, Dept Plant Sci, Oxford OX1 3RB, England.
RP Chamagne, J (reprint author), Univ Zurich, Inst Evolutionary Biol & Environm Studies, Winterthurerstr 190, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
EM juliettechamagne@gmail.com
OI Schoolmaster, Donald/0000-0003-0910-4458
FU Stiftung fur wissenschaftliche Forschung an der Universitat Zurich
[F-74330-02-01]; University of Zurich; Ministry of Education, Youth, and
Sports of the Czech Republic: "Involvement of the Czech Republic in
international research of the European Forest Institute (EFI)" [LG12018]
FX This study was funded by the grant number F-74330-02-01 to Andy Hector
from the "Stiftung fur wissenschaftliche Forschung an der Universitat
Zurich," by the University of Zurich, and by a project of the Ministry
of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic: LG12018
"Involvement of the Czech Republic in international research of the
European Forest Institute (EFI)."
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 39
U2 41
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0012-9658
EI 1939-9170
J9 ECOLOGY
JI Ecology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 97
IS 9
BP 2364
EP 2373
DI 10.1002/ecy.1479
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU9HK
UT WOS:000382527100020
PM 27859088
ER
PT J
AU Imre, I
Di Rocco, RT
Brown, GE
Johnson, NS
AF Imre, I.
Di Rocco, R. T.
Brown, G. E.
Johnson, N. S.
TI Habituation of adult sea lamprey repeatedly exposed to damage-released
alarm and predator cues
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Sea lamprey; Chemosensory; Alarmcues; 2-phenylethylamine hydrochloride;
Sea lamprey control
ID PETROMYZON-MARINUS; RISK; PREY; PROSPECTUS; RESPONSES; ODOR
AB Predation is an unforgiving selective pressure affecting the life history, morphology and behaviour of prey organisms. Selection should favour organisms that have the ability to correctly assess the information content of alarm cues. This study investigated whether adult sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus habituate to conspecific damage-released alarm cues (fresh and decayed sea lamprey extract), a heterospecific damage-released alarm cue (white sucker Catostomus commersonii extract), predator cues (Northern water snake Nerodia sipedon washing, human saliva and 2-phenylethylamine hydrochloride (PEA HCl)) and a conspecific damage-released alarm cue and predator cue combination (fresh sea lamprey extract and human saliva) after they were pre-exposed 4 times or 8 times, respectively, to a given stimulus the previous night. Consistent with our prediction, adult sea lamprey maintained an avoidance response to conspecific damage-released alarm cues (fresh and decayed sea lamprey extract), a predator cue presented at high relative concentration (PEA HCl) and a conspecific damage-released alarm cue and predator cue combination (fresh sea lamprey extract plus human saliva), irrespective of previous exposure level. As expected, adult sea lamprey habituated to a sympatric heterospecific damage-released alarm cue (white sucker extract) and a predator cue presented at lower relative concentration (human saliva). Adult sea lamprey did not show any avoidance of the Northern water snake washing and the Amazon sailfin catfish extract (heterospecific control). This study suggests that conspecific damage-released alarm cues and PEA HCl present the best options as natural repellents in an integrated management program aimed at controlling the abundance of sea lamprey in the Laurentian Great Lakes.
C1 [Imre, I.] Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, 1520 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
[Di Rocco, R. T.; Brown, G. E.] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, 7141 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada.
[Johnson, N. S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
RP Imre, I (reprint author), Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, 1520 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
EM istvan.imre@algomau.ca
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission; Northern Ontario Heritage Fund
Corporation; National Sciences and Engineering Research Council
Undergraduate Summer Research Assistant Program
FX The authors are grateful to the Hammond Bay Biological Station for their
logistical and housing support, especially to M. Hansen and K. Slaght.
Special thanks are due to C. Belanger, R. Pietrzakowski and J. Sauve for
assistance with data collection and to M. Wagner, J. Bals and T. Meckley
for allowing us to use their video camera and video recording equipment.
Thanks are also due to HBBS personnel who donated human saliva for our
research. This manuscript was improved by constructive comments from J.
Hume. J. Foote provided feed-back on the statistical analyses. This
research was supported by grants from the Great Lakes Fishery
Commission, Northern Ontario Heritage Fund Corporation and the National
Sciences and Engineering Research Council Undergraduate Summer Research
Assistant Program. The use of experimental and tissue donor subjects
were approved by the Algoma University Animal Care Committee (AUP #:
2012-II-01). This article is contribution number 1943 of the Great Lakes
Science Center.
NR 20
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 8-9
BP 613
EP 620
DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0503-z
PG 8
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DV1PS
UT WOS:000382693900003
ER
PT J
AU Sullivan, LJ
Ignoffo, TR
Baskerville-Bridges, B
Ostrach, DJ
Kimmerer, WJ
AF Sullivan, Lindsay J.
Ignoffo, Toni R.
Baskerville-Bridges, Bradd
Ostrach, David J.
Kimmerer, Wim J.
TI Prey selection of larval and juvenile planktivorous fish: impacts of
introduced prey
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE San Francisco Estuary; Delta smelt; Hypomesus transpacificus; Striped
bass; Morone saxatilis; Copepods
ID SAN-FRANCISCO ESTUARY; SMELT OSMERUS-MORDAX; STRIPED BASS LARVAE; DELTA
SMELT; MORONE-SAXATILIS; CLUPEA-HARENGUS; JOAQUIN ESTUARY; ZOOPLANKTON;
FOOD; COPEPOD
AB Changes in the abundance and composition of zooplankton resulting from species introductions may be contributing to a decline in the abundance of planktivorous fish in the San Francisco Estuary (SFE). To examine how changes in the prey assemblage may translate into feeding success of planktivorous fish, we quantified the relative consumption of native and introduced copepods by larval and juvenile delta smelt, Hypomesus transpacificus, and larval striped bass, Morone saxatilis, in laboratory feeding experiments. Larvae aecurrency sign20 days post-hatch (dph) of both fish consumed the copepodite stages of similar to 1 mm calanoid copepods, native Eurytemora affinis and introduced Pseudodiaptomus forbesi, and the smaller (similar to 0.5 mm) introduced cyclopoid copepod, Limnoithona tetraspina, in approximately the same proportion as their abundance in the assemblage. Conversely, prey selection of larvae > 20 dph shifted towards the larger calanoid species, E. affinis and P. forbesi. The timing of this shift differed between fish species, occurring earlier in striped bass, and varied between calanoid species, occurring later for P. forbesi than E. affinis. These data suggest that the impacts of introduced prey on planktivorous fish depend not only on the prey being introduced, but also on the resident predators. Additionally, even small differences in size and behavior between native and introduced prey can influence prey selection of planktivorous fish. Changes in prey selection of planktivorous fish resulting from species introductions could directly impact fish recruitment. As a result, species introductions could significantly alter food web function in the SFE and other invaded aquatic ecosystems.
C1 [Sullivan, Lindsay J.; Ignoffo, Toni R.; Kimmerer, Wim J.] San Francisco State Univ, Romberg Tiburon Ctr Environm Studies, 3152 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
[Baskerville-Bridges, Bradd] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 2177 Salk Ave, Carlsbad, CA 92008 USA.
[Ostrach, David J.] Ostrach Consulting, 18671 Country Rd 96, Woodland, CA 95695 USA.
RP Sullivan, LJ (reprint author), San Francisco State Univ, Romberg Tiburon Ctr Environm Studies, 3152 Paradise Dr, Tiburon, CA 94920 USA.
EM lindsayjsullivan@gmail.com
FU CALFED Science Fellows Program [R/SF-15]; California Bay-Delta Authority
for research under the California Bay-Delta Authority [U-04-SC-005];
Interagency Ecological Program's work plan on the Pelagic Organism
Decline under the California Department of Water Resources [4600007494,
4600004664]; Joan Lindberg and Bradd Baskerville-Bridges [4600007604]
FX We thank Joan Lindberg for help with the experimental design. We also
thank Lauren Damon, Luke Ellison, John Nunes, Theresa Rettinghouse, and
Dagmara Saini for maintaining the delta smelt cultures, and Clarence
Chin, Eric Durieux, Patrick Fitzgerald, Rose Hoang, Eric Shih, Tony
Vaught, and George Whitman for maintaining the striped bass cultures. We
are also thankful for Sean Rohtla, who watched and re-watched hours of
videos, and Alison Gould for measuring the L. tetrapsina nauplii. We are
grateful to Anne Slaughter and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful
comments regarding the manuscript. This research was supported by the
CALFED Science Fellows Program administered by California Sea Grant
(R/SF-15) in cooperation with the California Bay-Delta Authority for
research funded under the California Bay-Delta Authority (Agreement No.
U-04-SC-005). Additional support was provided by the Interagency
Ecological Program's work plan on the Pelagic Organism Decline under the
California Department of Water Resources to Wim Kimmerer (Contract No.
4600007494), David Ostrach (Contract No. 4600004664), and Joan Lindberg
and Bradd Baskerville-Bridges (Contract No. 4600007604).
NR 68
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 8-9
BP 633
EP 646
DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0505-x
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DV1PS
UT WOS:000382693900005
ER
PT J
AU Dodrill, MJ
Yackulic, CB
AF Dodrill, Michael J.
Yackulic, Charles B.
TI Nonlinear relationships can lead to bias in biomass calculations and
drift-foraging models when using summaries of invertebrate drift data
SO ENVIRONMENTAL BIOLOGY OF FISHES
LA English
DT Article
DE Jensen's inequality; Bioenergetics; Net energy intake; Growth potential;
Invertebrate size structure
ID BIOENERGETICS MODEL; JENSENS INEQUALITY; FEEDING SALMONIDS; STREAM
SALMONIDS; BROWN TROUT; HABITAT; GROWTH; ABUNDANCE; DEBRIS; RIVER
AB Drift-foraging models offer a mechanistic description of how fish feed in flowing water and the application of drift-foraging bioenergetics models to answer both applied and theoretical questions in aquatic ecology is growing. These models typically include nonlinear descriptions of ecological processes and as a result may be sensitive to how model inputs are summarized because of a mathematical property of nonlinear equations known as Jensen's inequality. In particular, we show that the way in which continuous size distributions of invertebrate prey are represented within foraging models can lead to biases within the modeling process. We begin by illustrating how different equations common to drift-foraging models are sensitive to invertebrate inputs. We then use two case studies to show how different representations of invertebrate prey can influence predictions of energy intake and lifetime growth. Greater emphasis should be placed on accurate characterizations of invertebrate drift, acknowledging that inferences from drift-foraging models may be influenced by how invertebrate prey are represented.
C1 [Dodrill, Michael J.; Yackulic, Charles B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Dodrill, MJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM mdodrill@usgs.gov
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0378-1909
EI 1573-5133
J9 ENVIRON BIOL FISH
JI Environ. Biol. Fishes
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 99
IS 8-9
BP 659
EP 670
DI 10.1007/s10641-016-0507-8
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DV1PS
UT WOS:000382693900007
ER
PT J
AU Benjamin, JR
Bellmore, JR
Watson, GA
AF Benjamin, Joseph R.
Bellmore, J. Ryan
Watson, Grace A.
TI Response of ecosystem metabolism to low densities of spawning Chinook
Salmon
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE gross primary production; ecosystem respiration; marine derived
nutrients; Pacific salmon; Columbia River; subsidy
ID WHOLE-STREAM METABOLISM; PACIFIC SALMON; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS;
NUTRIENT SUBSIDIES; FRESH-WATER; COHO SALMON; PRODUCTIVITY; NITROGEN;
DYNAMICS; RESPIRATION
AB Marine derived nutrients delivered by large runs of returning salmon are thought to subsidize the in situ food resources that support juvenile salmon. In the Pacific Northwest, USA, salmon have declined to <10% of their historical abundance, with subsequent declines of marine derived nutrients once provided by large salmon runs. We explored whether low densities (<0.001 spawners/m(2)) of naturally spawning Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) can affect ecosystem metabolism. We measured gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER) continuously before, during, and after salmon spawning. We compared downstream reaches with low densities of spawning salmon to upstream reaches with fewer or no spawners in 3 mid-sized (4th-order) rivers in northern Washington. In addition, we measured chemical, physical, and biological factors that may be important in controlling rates of GPP and ER. We observed that low densities of spawning salmon can increase GPP by 46% during spawning, but values quickly return to those observed before spawning. No difference in ER was observed between up- and downstream reaches. Based on our results, salmon density, temperature, and the proximity to salmon redds were the most important factors controlling rates of GPP, whereas temperature was most important for ER. These results suggest that even at low spawning densities, salmon can stimulate basal resources that may propagate up the food web. Understanding how recipient ecosystems respond to low levels of marine derived nutrients may inform nutrient augmentation studies aimed at enhancing fish populations.
C1 [Benjamin, Joseph R.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.
[Benjamin, Joseph R.; Bellmore, J. Ryan; Watson, Grace A.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Bingen, WA 98605 USA.
RP Benjamin, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Boise, ID 83706 USA.; Benjamin, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Columbia River Res Lab, Bingen, WA 98605 USA.
EM jbenjamin@usgs.gov; jbellmore@fs.fed.us; grace@methowsalmon.org
FU US Bureau of Reclamation
FX We thank Teresa Fish and Kyle Martens for assistance with field
collections, and Mike Grace and Darren Giling for assistance with
metabolism estimates. Charles Frady and Charlie Snow of Washington
Department of Fish and Wildlife provided data and answered questions
about spring Chinook Salmon redd surveys. John Crandall provided data to
estimate metabolism at 2 reaches. Nutrient samples were analyzed at the
Center for Nutrient Analysis (Washington State University-Vancouver,
Washington). Statistical help was provided by Carl Schwarz. We thank
Colden Baxter, Pat Connolly, Steven Francoeur, Alex Fremier, Amy
Marcarelli, Michael Newsom, Carl Saunders, and 2 anonymous referees for
discussions or reviews that improved this study and the associated
manuscript. Funding was provided by the US Bureau of Reclamation. Any
use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement of the US Government.
NR 71
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 2161-9549
EI 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 3
BP 810
EP 825
DI 10.1086/686686
PG 16
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT4JR
UT WOS:000381446500005
ER
PT J
AU Ries, P
De Jager, NR
Zigler, S
Newton, T
AF Ries, Patricia
De Jager, Nathan R.
Zigler, Steve
Newton, Teresa
TI Spatial patterns of native freshwater mussels in the Upper Mississippi
River
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE native freshwater mussels; spatial patterns; hot spots; patch structure;
patch size; censoring mechanisms
ID BED SHEAR-STRESS; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; ELLIPTIO-COMPLANATA; UNIONID
MUSSELS; PATCH DYNAMICS; LIFE-HISTORY; ECOSYSTEMS; COMMUNITY;
POPULATIONS; CONNECTIVITY
AB Multiple physical and biological factors structure freshwater mussel communities in large rivers, and their distributions have been described as clumped or patchy. However, few surveys of mussel populations have been conducted over areas large enough and at resolutions fine enough to quantify spatial patterns in their distribution. We used global and local indicators of spatial autocorrelation (i.e., Moran's I) to quantify spatial patterns of adult and juvenile (<= 5 y of age) freshwater mussels across multiple scales based on survey data from 4 reaches (navigation pools 3, 5, 6, and 18) of the Upper Mississippi River, USA. Native mussel densities were sampled at a resolution of similar to 300 m and across distances ranging from 21 to 37 km, making these some of the most spatially extensive surveys conducted in a large river. Patch density and the degree and scale of patchiness varied by river reach, age group, and the scale of analysis. In all 4 pools, some patches of adults overlapped patches of juveniles, suggesting spatial and temporal persistence of adequate habitat. In pools 3 and 5, patches of juveniles were found where there were few adults, suggesting recent emergence of positive structuring mechanisms. Last, in pools 3, 5, and 6, some patches of adults were found where there were few juveniles, suggesting that negative structuring mechanisms may have replaced positive ones, leading to a lack of localized recruitment. Our results suggest that: 1) the detection of patches of freshwater mussels requires a multiscaled approach, 2) insights into the spatial and temporal dynamics of structuring mechanisms can be gained by conducting independent analyses of adults and juveniles, and 3) maps of patch distributions can be used to guide restoration and management actions and identify areas where mussels are most likely to influence ecosystem function.
C1 [Ries, Patricia; De Jager, Nathan R.; Zigler, Steve; Newton, Teresa] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54630 USA.
RP Ries, P (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54630 USA.
EM pries@usgs.gov; ndejager@usgs.gov; szigler@usgs.gov; tnewton@usgs.gov
NR 58
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 15
U2 15
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 2161-9549
EI 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 3
BP 934
EP 947
DI 10.1086/686670
PG 14
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT4JR
UT WOS:000381446500015
ER
PT J
AU Lynch, DT
Magoulick, DD
AF Lynch, Dustin T.
Magoulick, Daniel D.
TI Effects of pulse and press drying disturbance on benthic stream
communities
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE drought; drying; periphyton; fish growth; chironomids; sediment; fish
survival; intermittent streams; refuges
ID STOCKING DENSITY; CRAYFISH POPULATIONS; INTERMITTENT STREAMS; ECOSYSTEM
STRUCTURE; MOUNTAIN STREAM; PREDATORY FISH; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FLOW
REGIMES; DROUGHT; GROWTH
AB Natural disturbance is an integral component of most ecosystems and occurs in 3 different forms: pulse, press, and ramp. In lotic ecosystems, seasonal drought is a major form of disturbance, particularly in intermittent headwater streams, which often are reduced to pools that serve as refuges for biota. We used simulated intermittent stream pools to compare the effects of control, pulse, and press drying on growth and survival in 3 fish species (Lepomis megalotis, Campostoma anomalum, and Etheostoma spectabile) commonly found together in drought-prone streams in the Ozark Highlands, USA. We also compared effects on benthic community structure, including periphyton and chironomid density and sediment in deep (permanently watered) and shallow (intermittently dewatered) habitat. Only one species, L. megalotis, showed a significant reduction in length and mass growth in press drying compared with control treatments. Drying and type of drying had no effect on survival of any fish species. Drying and type of drying had strong overall effects on periphyton growth in shallow habitats, where ash-free dry mass decreased and the autotrophic index (the ratio of chlorophyll a to total biomass) increased significantly in drying relative to control and in press relative to pulse treatments. Drying negatively affected sediment accumulation in shallow habitat and chironomid density in deep habitat. Drying in intermittent streams has species-dependent effects on fish growth and benthic structure, and pulse and press drying differ in their effects on periphyton in these systems. These effects may have important consequences in seasonally drying streams as anthropogenic influence on stream drying increases.
C1 [Lynch, Dustin T.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Biol Sci, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
[Magoulick, Daniel D.] Univ Arkansas, US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
RP Magoulick, DD (reprint author), Univ Arkansas, US Geol Survey, Arkansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Biol Sci, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA.
EM dtlynch@uark.edu; danmag@uark.edu
FU Arkansas Game and Fish Commission; State Wildlife Grants; University of
Arkansas IACUC [12036]
FX We thank the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission and State Wildlife Grants
for funding. We thank Brianna Olsen for many hours assisting with setup,
maintenance, and breakdown of this experiment and assistance collecting
and measuring organisms. We thank Brett Garrison for assistance with
setup of the experiment, Kelsey Deal and Alexa Kusmik for assistance
collecting and measuring organisms, and Alex Hooks, Kayla Sayre, and
Kaitlyn Smith Werner for assistance measuring periphyton, chironomids,
and sediment in the laboratory and for data entry. We also thank the
Michelle Evans-White lab for access to equipment and lab space and Brad
Austin for advice and guidance on laboratory methods. This study was
done under the auspices of University of Arkansas IACUC protocol 12036.
All applicable institutional and national guidelines for the care and
use of animals were followed. The authors have no conflicts of interest
related to this research. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 82
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 12
U2 12
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 2161-9549
EI 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 3
BP 998
EP 1009
DI 10.1086/687843
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT4JR
UT WOS:000381446500020
ER
PT J
AU Justus, BG
Burge, DRL
Cobb, JM
Marsico, TD
Bouldin, JL
AF Justus, B. G.
Burge, David R. L.
Cobb, Jennifer M.
Marsico, Travis D.
Bouldin, Jennifer L.
TI Macroinvertebrate and diatom metrics as indicators of water-quality
conditions in connected depression wetlands in the Mississippi Alluvial
Plain
SO FRESHWATER SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE dissolved oxygen; specific conductivity; biological indices; Cache River
Watershed; rice; irrigation; Arkansas
ID UNITED-STATES; BIOTIC INDEX; USA; FLORIDA; COMMUNITIES; CRITERIA; RIVERS
AB Methods for assessing wetland conditions must be established so wetlands can be monitored and ecological services can be protected. We evaluated biological indices compiled from macroinvertebrate and diatom metrics developed primarily for streams to assess their ability to indicate water quality in connected depression wetlands. We collected water-quality and biological samples at 24 connected depressions dominated by water tupelo (Nyssa aquatica) or bald cypress (Taxodium distichum) (water depths = 0.5-1.0 m). Water quality of the least-disturbed connected depressions was characteristic of swamps in the southeastern USA, which tend to have low specific conductance, nutrient concentrations, and pH. We compared 162 macroinvertebrate metrics and 123 diatom metrics with a water-quality disturbance gradient. For most metrics, we evaluated richness, % richness, abundance, and % relative abundance values. Three of the 4 macroinvertebrate metrics that were most beneficial for identifying disturbance in connected depressions decreased along the disturbance gradient even though they normally increase relative to stream disturbance. The negative relationship to disturbance of some taxa (e.g., dipterans, mollusks, and crustaceans) that are considered tolerant in streams suggests that the tolerance scale for some macroinvertebrates can differ markedly between streams and wetlands. Three of the 4 metrics chosen for the diatom index reflected published tolerances or fit the usual perception of metric response to disturbance. Both biological indices may be useful in connected depressions elsewhere in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain Ecoregion and could have application in other wetland types. Given the paradoxical relationship of some macroinvertebrate metrics to dissolved O-2 (DO), we suggest that the diatom metrics may be easier to interpret and defend for wetlands with low DO concentrations in least-disturbed conditions.
C1 [Justus, B. G.] US Geol Survey, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Sci Ctr, 401 Hardin Rd, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA.
[Burge, David R. L.; Cobb, Jennifer M.; Marsico, Travis D.] Arkansas State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, POB 599, State Univ, AR 72467 USA.
[Bouldin, Jennifer L.] Arkansas State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ecotoxicol Res Facil, POB 599, State Univ, AR 72467 USA.
[Burge, David R. L.] St Croix Watershed Res Stn, 16910 152nd St North, Marine St Croix, MN 55047 USA.
[Cobb, Jennifer M.] Shelby Cty Hlth Dept, 814 Jefferson Ave, Memphis, TN 38105 USA.
RP Justus, BG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lower Mississippi Gulf Water Sci Ctr, 401 Hardin Rd, Little Rock, AR 72211 USA.
EM bjustus@usgs.gov; dburge@smm.org; jenn.cobb.m@gmail.com;
tmarsico@astate.edu; jbouldin@astate.edu
FU US EPA [CD-00F353-01-0]; University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture
FX We recognize and thank Bradley Meredith of the USGS and Richard Warby of
The Warby Group, LLC, for their assistance in sample collections. We
acknowledge funding support from the US EPA (grant CD-00F353-01-0). We
thank the Arkansas MAWPT for their assistance in site selection. We
thank Mark B. Edlund and Sarah Spaulding for their assistance in diatom
taxonomy and for facility support at the Iowa Lakeside Laboratory. We
thank the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission, US Fish and Wildlife
Service, and local landowners for granting permission to access sample
sites. Also, we thank the students and staff at the Arkansas State
University Ecotoxicology Research Facility for their assistance on the
project and the University of Arkansas, Division of Agriculture for
additional support. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 72
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 31
U2 31
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 2161-9549
EI 2161-9565
J9 FRESHW SCI
JI Freshw. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 3
BP 1049
EP 1061
DI 10.1086/687605
PG 13
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT4JR
UT WOS:000381446500024
ER
PT J
AU Johnstone, JF
Allen, CD
Franklin, JF
Frelich, LE
Harvey, BJ
Higuera, PE
Mack, MC
Meentemeyer, RK
Metz, MR
Perry, GLW
Schoennagel, T
Turner, MG
AF Johnstone, Jill F.
Allen, Craig D.
Franklin, Jerry F.
Frelich, Lee E.
Harvey, Brian J.
Higuera, Philip E.
Mack, Michelle C.
Meentemeyer, Ross K.
Metz, Margaret R.
Perry, George L. W.
Schoennagel, Tania
Turner, Monica G.
TI Changing disturbance regimes, ecological memory, and forest resilience
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Review
ID PINE-BEETLE OUTBREAKS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ALTERED FIRE REGIMES; TREE
REGENERATION; BOREAL FORESTS; CLIMATE-CHANGE; GLOBAL CHANGE;
NEW-ZEALAND; SEVERITY; ECOSYSTEMS
AB Ecological memory is central to how ecosystems respond to disturbance and is maintained by two types of legacies - information and material. Species life-history traits represent an adaptive response to disturbance and are an information legacy; in contrast, the abiotic and biotic structures (such as seeds or nutrients) - produced by single disturbance events are material legacies. Disturbance characteristics that support or maintain these legacies enhance ecological resilience and maintain a "safe operating space" for ecosystem recovery. However, legacies can be lost or diminished as disturbance regimes and environmental conditions change, generating a "resilience debt" that manifests only after the system is disturbed. Strong effects of ecological memory on post-disturbance dynamics imply that contingencies (effects that cannot be predicted with certainty) of individual disturbances, interactions among disturbances, and climate variability combine to affect ecosystem resilience. We illustrate these concepts and introduce a novel ecosystem resilience framework with examples of forest disturbances, primarily from North America. Identifying legacies that support resilience in a particular ecosystem can help scientists and resource managers anticipate when disturbances may trigger abrupt shifts in forest ecosystems, and when forests are likely to be resilient.
C1 [Johnstone, Jill F.] Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
[Allen, Craig D.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, Los Alamos, NM USA.
[Franklin, Jerry F.] Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Frelich, Lee E.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Forest Resources, St Paul, MN USA.
[Harvey, Brian J.; Schoennagel, Tania] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Higuera, Philip E.] Univ Montana, Dept Ecosyst & Conservat Sci, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Mack, Michelle C.] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Ecosyst Sci & Soc, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Mack, Michelle C.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
[Meentemeyer, Ross K.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Forestry & Environm Resources, Raleigh, NC USA.
[Metz, Margaret R.] Lewis & Clark Coll, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97219 USA.
[Perry, George L. W.] Univ Auckland, Sch Environm, Auckland, New Zealand.
[Schoennagel, Tania] Univ Colorado, INSTAAR, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Turner, Monica G.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Zool, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
RP Johnstone, JF (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Dept Biol, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
EM jill.johnstone@usask.ca
RI Johnstone, Jill/C-9204-2009; Higuera, Philip/B-1330-2010;
OI Johnstone, Jill/0000-0001-6131-9339; Higuera,
Philip/0000-0001-5396-9956; Frelich, Lee/0000-0002-9052-7070
FU Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological Research; Joint Fire Science Program
[11-1-1-7, GRIN 12-3-10]; Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada [RGPIN 341774-20]; Strategic Environmental Research
and Development Program [RC-2109]; US Geological Survey's Ecosystems and
Climate & Land Use Change mission areas, Western Mountain Initiative; US
National Park Service-George Melendez Wright Climate Change Fellowship;
US National Science Foundation [DEB-EF-0622770, IIA-0966472,
ARC-1023669]; Wilderness Research Foundation
FX This work arose from an oral session - at the 2014 annual meeting of the
Ecological Society of America - organized by JFJ and MGT. All authors
contributed ideas and text to the final manuscript. Support to
individual authors was provided by: Bonanza Creek Long-Term Ecological
Research (to JFJ and MCM), Joint Fire Science Program (grant 11-1-1-7 to
MGT, GRIN 12-3-10 to BJH); Natural Science and Engineering Research
Council of Canada (RGPIN 341774-20 to JFJ); Strategic Environmental
Research and Development Program (project RC-2109 to JFJ and MCM); US
Geological Survey's Ecosystems and Climate & Land Use Change mission
areas, Western Mountain Initiative (to CDA); US National Park
Service-George Melendez Wright Climate Change Fellowship (to BJH); US
National Science Foundation (DEB-EF-0622770 to RKM and MRM, IIA-0966472
and ARC-1023669 to PEH); and the Wilderness Research Foundation (to
LEF).
NR 61
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 66
U2 72
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 14
IS 7
BP 369
EP 378
DI 10.1002/fee.1311
PG 10
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU9HR
UT WOS:000382527900016
ER
PT J
AU Evans, EL
Thatcher, WR
Pollitz, FF
Murray, JR
AF Evans, Eileen L.
Thatcher, Wayne R.
Pollitz, Fred F.
Murray, Jessica R.
TI Persistent slip rate discrepancies in the eastern California (USA) shear
zone
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; PLATE BOUNDARY; DEFORMATION;
EARTHQUAKES; UNCERTAINTIES; SYSTEM; STATES
AB Understanding fault slip rates in the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ) using GPS geodesy is complicated by potentially overlapping strain signals due to many sub-parallel strike-slip faults and by inconsistencies with geologic slip rates. The role of fault system geometry in describing ECSZ deformation may be investigated with total variation regularization, which algorithmically determines a best-fitting geometry from an initial model with numerous faults, constrained by a western United States GPS velocity field. The initial dense model (1) enables construction of the first geodetically constrained block model to include all ECSZ faults with geologic slip rates, allowing direct geologic-geodetic slip rate comparisons, and (2) permits fault system geometries with many active faults that are analogous to distributed interseismic deformation. Beginning with 58 ECSZ blocks, a model containing 10 ECSZ blocks is most consistent with geologic slip rates, reproducing five of 11 within their reported uncertainties. The model fits GPS observations with a mean residual velocity of 1.5 mm/yr. Persistent geologic-geodetic slip rate discrepancies occur on the Calico and Garlock faults, on which we estimate slip rates of 7.6 mm/yr and <2 mm/yr, respectively, indicating that inconsistencies between geology and geodesy may be concentrated on or near these faults and are not due to pervasive distributed deformation in the region. Discrepancies may in part be due to postseismic relaxation following the A.D. 1992 M-w 7.3 Landers and 1999 M-w 7.1 Hector Mine earthquakes. Otherwise, resolving geologic-geodetic discrepancies would require as much as 11.4 mm/yr of off-fault deformation within <10 km of the main ECSZ faults, with similar to 5 mm/yr concentrated near the Calico fault.
C1 [Evans, Eileen L.; Thatcher, Wayne R.; Pollitz, Fred F.; Murray, Jessica R.] US Geol Survey, MS 977, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Evans, EL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, MS 977, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM eevans@usgs.gov
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 11
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 9
BP 691
EP 694
DI 10.1130/G37967.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA DU9FV
UT WOS:000382522700001
ER
PT J
AU Cavosie, AJ
Timms, NE
Erickson, TM
Hagerty, JJ
Horz, F
AF Cavosie, Aaron J.
Timms, Nicholas E.
Erickson, Timmons M.
Hagerty, Justin J.
Horz, Friedrich
TI Transformations to granular zircon revealed: Twinning, reidite, and ZrO2
in shocked zircon from Meteor Crater (Arizona, USA)
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID U-PB; VREDEFORT IMPACT; SOUTH-AFRICA; METAMORPHISM; MICROSTRUCTURES;
DECOMPOSITION; DEFORMATION; BADDELEYITE; MINERALS; EVENTS
AB Granular zircon in impact environments has long been recognized but remains poorly understood due to lack of experimental data to identify mechanisms involved in its genesis. Meteor Crater in Arizona (USA) contains abundant evidence of shock metamorphism, including shocked quartz, the high-pressure polymorphs coesite and stishovite, diaplectic SiO2 glass, and lechatelierite (fused SiO2). Here we report the presence of granular zircon, a new shocked-mineral discovery at Meteor Crater, that preserve critical orientation evidence of specific transformations that occurred during formation at extreme impact conditions. The zircon grains occur as aggregates of sub-micrometer neoblasts in highly shocked Coconino Sandstone (CS) comprised of lechatelierite. Electron backscatter diffraction shows that each grain consists of multiple domains, some with boundaries disoriented by 65 degrees around < 110 >, a known {112} shock-twin orientation. Other domains have {001} in alignment with {110} of neighboring domains, consistent with the former presence of the high-pressure ZrSiO4 polymorph reidite. Additionally, nearly all zircon preserve ZrO2 + SiO2, providing evidence of partial dissociation. The genesis of CS granular zircon started with detrital zircon that experienced shock twinning and reidite formation at pressures from 20 to 30 GPa, ultimately yielding a phase that retained crystallographic memory; this phase subsequently recrystallized to systematically oriented zircon neoblasts, and in some areas partially dissociated to ZrO2. The lechatelierite matrix, experimentally constrained to form at >2000 degrees C, provided the ultrahigh-temperature environment for zircon dissociation (similar to 1670 degrees C) and neoblast formation. The capacity of granular zircon to preserve a cumulative pressure-temperature record has not been recognized previously, and provides a new method for investigating histories of impact-related mineral transformations in the crust at conditions far beyond those at which most rocks melt.
C1 [Cavosie, Aaron J.; Timms, Nicholas E.; Erickson, Timmons M.] Curtin Univ, Dept Appl Geol, TIGeR Inst Geosci Res, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.
[Cavosie, Aaron J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Astrobiol Inst, NASA, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Cavosie, Aaron J.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
[Hagerty, Justin J.] USGS, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Horz, Friedrich] NASA, Johnson Space Ctr, Dept Sci, Jets,HX5,ARES, Houston, TX 77058 USA.
RP Cavosie, AJ (reprint author), Curtin Univ, Dept Appl Geol, TIGeR Inst Geosci Res, Perth, WA 6102, Australia.; Cavosie, AJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Geosci, Astrobiol Inst, NASA, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Cavosie, AJ (reprint author), Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Geol, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA.
OI Erickson, Timmons/0000-0003-4520-7294
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1145118]; USGS Meteor Crater Sample
Collection; NASA Astrobiology program; Curtin Research Fellowship;
Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility at Curtin University
FX B. Hess prepared the sample. Editor J.B. Murphy, S. Kamo, W. Cordua, and
an anonymous reviewer provided helpful comments. Support was provided by
the National Science Foundation (grant EAR-1145118), the USGS Meteor
Crater Sample Collection, the NASA Astrobiology program, a Curtin
Research Fellowship, and the Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility at
Curtin University.
NR 32
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 5
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 9
BP 703
EP 706
DI 10.1130/G38043.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA DU9FV
UT WOS:000382522700004
ER
PT J
AU Persaud, P
Ma, YR
Stock, JM
Hole, JA
Fuis, GS
Han, L
AF Persaud, Patricia
Ma, Yiran
Stock, Joann M.
Hole, John A.
Fuis, Gary S.
Han, Liang
TI Fault zone characteristics and basin complexity in the southern Salton
Trough, California
SO GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID BRAWLEY EARTHQUAKE SWARM; IMPERIAL-VALLEY REGION; VELOCITY STRUCTURE;
CRUSTAL; TOMOGRAPHY
AB Ongoing oblique slip at the Pacific-North America plate boundary in the Salton Trough produced the Imperial Valley (California, USA), a seismically active area with deformation distributed across a complex network of exposed and buried faults. To better understand the shallow crustal structure in this region and the connectivity of faults and seismicity lineaments, we used data primarily from the Salton Seismic Imaging Project to construct a three-dimensional P-wave velocity model down to 8 km depth and a velocity profile to 15 km depth, both at 1 km grid spacing. A V-P = 5.65-5.85 km/s layer of possibly metamorphosed sediments within, and crystalline basement outside, the valley is locally as thick as 5 km, but is thickest and deepest in fault zones and near seismicity lineaments, suggesting a causative relationship between the low velocities and faulting. Both seismicity lineaments and surface faults control the structural architecture of the western part of the larger wedge-shaped basin, where two deep subbasins are located. We estimate basement depths, and show that high velocities at shallow depths and possible basement highs characterize the geothermal areas.
C1 [Persaud, Patricia; Ma, Yiran; Stock, Joann M.] CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Hole, John A.; Han, Liang] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geosci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Fuis, Gary S.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Persaud, Patricia] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Persaud, P (reprint author), CALTECH, Seismol Lab, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.; Persaud, P (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
OI Fuis, Gary/0000-0002-3078-1544; Hole, John/0000-0002-5349-9111
FU U.S. Geological Survey Multihazards Project; National Science Foundation
Earthscope Program; National Science Foundation Margins Program
[OCE-0742263, OCE-0742253]; U.S. Geological Survey grant [G15AP00062]
FX We thank P. Umhoefer, G. Axen, D. Scheirer, V. Langenheim, editor Bob
Holdsworth, and an anonymous reviewer for their comments on the
manuscript. The Salton Seismic Imaging Project (SSIP) was funded by the
U.S. Geological Survey Multihazards Project, and the National Science
Foundation Earthscope and Margins Programs through grants OCE-0742253
(to California Institute of Technology) and OCE-0742263 (to Virginia
Polytechnic Institute and State University). Persaud was supported by
U.S. Geological Survey grant G15AP00062.
NR 28
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 5
U2 5
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 0091-7613
EI 1943-2682
J9 GEOLOGY
JI Geology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 44
IS 9
BP 747
EP 750
DI 10.1130/G38033.1
PG 4
WC Geology
SC Geology
GA DU9FV
UT WOS:000382522700015
ER
PT J
AU Chapelle, FH
Shen, Y
Strom, EW
Benner, R
AF Chapelle, Francis H.
Shen, Yuan
Strom, Eric W.
Benner, Ronald
TI The removal kinetics of dissolved organic matter and the optical clarity
of groundwater
SO HYDROGEOLOGY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
DE Hydrochemistry; Dissolved organic carbon; Reaction kinetics; USA
ID CARBON; WATER; DOC; BIOAVAILABILITY; RECHARGE; SYSTEMS; SPRINGS;
NITRATE; MODEL
AB Concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and ultraviolet/visible light absorbance decrease systematically as groundwater moves through the unsaturated zones overlying aquifers and along flowpaths within aquifers. These changes occur over distances of tens of meters (m) implying rapid removal kinetics of the chromophoric DOM that imparts color to groundwater. A one-compartment input-outputmodel was used to derive a differential equation describing the removal of DOM from the dissolved phase due to the combined effects of biodegradation and sorption. The general solution to the equation was parameterized using a 2-year record of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) concentration changes in groundwater at a long-term observation well. Estimated rates of DOC loss were rapid and ranged from 0.093 to 0.21 micromoles per liter per day (mu M d(-1)), and rate constants for DOC removal ranged from 0.0021 to 0.011 per day (d(-1)). Applying these removal rate constants to an advective-dispersion model illustrates substantial depletion of DOC over flow-path distances of 200 m or less and in timeframes of 2 years or less. These results explain the low to moderate DOC concentrations (20-75 mu M; 0.26-1 mg L-1) and ultraviolet absorption coefficient values (a(254)< 5 m(-1)) observed in groundwater produced from 59 wells tapping eight different aquifer systems of the United States. The nearly uniform optical clarity of groundwater, therefore, results from similarly rapid DOM-removal kinetics exhibited by geologically and hydrologically dissimilar aquifers.
C1 [Chapelle, Francis H.; Strom, Eric W.] US Geol Survey, 720 Gracern Rd,Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
[Shen, Yuan; Benner, Ronald] Univ South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
RP Chapelle, FH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 720 Gracern Rd,Suite 129, Columbia, SC 29210 USA.
EM chapelle@usgs.gov
FU National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA); Toxic Substances Hydrology
programs of the US Geological Survey
FX This research was funded by the National Water Quality Assessment
(NAWQA) and Toxic Substances Hydrology programs of the US Geological
Survey. The authors would like to thank Robert C. Sharpley of the
Interdisciplinary Mathematics Institute, University of South Carolina,
for reviewing an early version of this manuscript. Use of trade, firm,
or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US Government.
NR 41
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1431-2174
EI 1435-0157
J9 HYDROGEOL J
JI Hydrogeol. J.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 24
IS 6
BP 1413
EP 1422
DI 10.1007/s10040-016-1406-y
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA DU2OC
UT WOS:000382049400007
ER
PT J
AU Shrestha, B
Cochrane, TA
Caruso, BS
Arias, ME
Piman, T
AF Shrestha, Bikesh
Cochrane, Thomas A.
Caruso, Brian S.
Arias, Mauricio E.
Piman, Thanapon
TI Uncertainty in flow and sediment projections due to future climate
scenarios for the 3S Rivers in the Mekong Basin
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Flow; Sediment; Climate change; Uncertainty; Mekong
ID SWAT MODEL APPLICATION; HYDROLOGICAL MODELS; OBJECTIVE FUNCTIONS;
SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; IMPACT ASSESSMENT; CHINA; SENSITIVITY; CALIBRATION;
CATCHMENT; RUNOFF
AB Reliable projections of discharge and sediment are essential for future water and sediment management plans under climate change, but these are subject to numerous uncertainties. This study assessed the uncertainty in flow and sediment projections using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) associated with three Global Climate Models (GCMs), three Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs) and three model parameter (MP) sets for the 3S Rivers in the Mekong River Basin. The uncertainty was analyzed for the short term future (2021-2040 or 2030s) and long term future (2051-2070 or 2060s) time horizons. Results show that dominant sources of uncertainty in flow and sediment constituents vary spatially across the 3S basin. For peak flow, peak sediment, and wet seasonal flows projection, the greatest uncertainty sources also vary with time horizon. For 95% low flows and for seasonal and annual flow projections, GCM and MP were the major sources of uncertainty, whereas RCPs had less of an effect. The uncertainty due to RCPs is large for annual sediment load projections. While model parameterization is the major source of uncertainty in the short term (2030s), GCMs and RCPs are the major contributors to uncertainty in flow and sediment projections in the longer term (2060s). Overall, the uncertainty in sediment load projections is larger than the uncertainty in flow projections. In general, our results suggest the need to investigate the major contributing sources of uncertainty in large basins temporally and at different scales, as this can have major consequences for water and sediment management decisions. Further, since model parameterization uncertainty can play a significant role for flow and sediment projections, there is a need to incorporate hydrological model parameter uncertainty in climate change studies and efforts to reduce the parameter uncertainty as much as possible should be considered through a careful calibration and validation process. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Shrestha, Bikesh; Cochrane, Thomas A.] Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
[Caruso, Brian S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Water Resources, Reg 6, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Arias, Mauricio E.] Harvard Univ, Sustainabil Sci Program, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Arias, Mauricio E.] Harvard Univ, Organism & Evolutionary Biol Dept, 26 Oxford St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Piman, Thanapon] Asia Ctr, Stockholm Environm Inst, Bangkok 1033, Thailand.
RP Cochrane, TA (reprint author), Univ Canterbury, Dept Civil & Nat Resources Engn, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
EM tom.cochrane@canterbury.ac.nz
RI Arias, Mauricio/H-5667-2013
OI Arias, Mauricio/0000-0002-8805-6353
FU University of Canterbury, New Zealand; John D. and Catherine T.
MacArthur Foundation; Italy's Ministry for Environment, Land and Sea
FX Special thanks to the University of Canterbury, New Zealand for
providing a UC Doctoral Scholarship to the first author. Funds for
travel and data collection were provided by the John D. and Catherine T.
MacArthur Foundation through a project entitled "Critical Basin at Risk:
Assessing and managing ecosystem pressures from development and climate
change in the 3S basin". This manuscript was completed while M.E. Arias
was a Giorgio Ruffolo Fellow in the Sustainability Science Program at
Harvard University and the support from Italy's Ministry for
Environment, Land and Sea is gratefully acknowledged. We also gratefully
acknowledge the Mekong River Commission for providing all necessary data
required for the study. Special thanks to Dr. Dat Nguyen Dinh and Dr.
Ornanorg Vonnarart of Information and Knowledge Management Programme,
MRC for putting together all the database for the 3S SWAT model.
NR 86
TC 0
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U1 17
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-1694
EI 1879-2707
J9 J HYDROL
JI J. Hydrol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 540
BP 1088
EP 1104
DI 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.07.019
PG 17
WC Engineering, Civil; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA DU5RR
UT WOS:000382269500086
ER
PT J
AU Rodriguez-Villalobos, JC
Work, TM
Calderon-Aguilera, LE
AF Carolina Rodriguez-Villalobos, Jenny
Work, Thierry Martin
Eduardo Calderon-Aguilera, Luis
TI Wound repair in Pocillopora
SO JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Healing; Tissue loss; Histopathology; Coral; Pocilloporidae; Pocillopora
damicornis
ID LOSS WHITE SYNDROME; GREAT-BARRIER-REEF; SCLERACTINIAN CORALS; TISSUE
REGENERATION; MICROSCOPIC PATHOLOGY; MONTIPORA-CAPITATA; ACROPORID
CORALS; EASTERN PACIFIC; SEA-ANEMONE; DISEASE
AB Corals routinely lose tissue due to causes ranging from predation to disease. Tissue healing and regeneration are fundamental to the normal functioning of corals, yet we know little about this process. We described the microscopic morphology of wound repair in Pocillopora damicornis. Tissue was removed by airbrushing fragments from three healthy colonies, and these were monitored daily at the gross and microscopic level for 40 days. Grossly, corals healed by Day 30, but repigmentation was not evident at the end of the study (40 d). On histology, from Day 8 onwards, tissues at the lesion site were microscopically indistinguishable from adjacent normal tissues with evidence of zooxanthellae in gastrodermis. Inflammation was not evident. P. damicornis manifested a unique mode of regeneration involving projections of cell-covered mesoglea from the surface body wall that anastomosed to form gastrovascular canals. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carolina Rodriguez-Villalobos, Jenny; Eduardo Calderon-Aguilera, Luis] CICESE, Dept Ecol Marina, Carretera Ensenada Tijuana 3918, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
[Work, Thierry Martin] US Geol Survey, Natl Wildlife Hlth Ctr, Honolulu Field Stn, 300 Ala Moana Blvd,Room 8-132, Honolulu, HI 96850 USA.
[Carolina Rodriguez-Villalobos, Jenny] Univ Autonoma Baja California Sur, Dept Ciencias Marinas & Costeras, Carretera Sur Km 5-5, La Paz 23080, BCS, Mexico.
RP Rodriguez-Villalobos, JC (reprint author), CICESE, Dept Ecol Marina, Carretera Ensenada Tijuana 3918, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.; Rodriguez-Villalobos, JC (reprint author), Univ Autonoma Baja California Sur, Dept Ciencias Marinas & Costeras, Carretera Sur Km 5-5, La Paz 23080, BCS, Mexico.
EM jennica13@hotmail.com
RI Calderon-Aguilera, Luis Eduardo/E-1522-2015;
OI Calderon-Aguilera, Luis Eduardo/0000-0001-5427-6043; Rodriguez
Villalobos, Jenny Carolina/0000-0002-1044-4110
FU SEMARNAT-INE-CONACYT [23390]; CONACYT [CVU 339868]
FX This work was partially funded by SEMARNAT-INE-CONACYT (grant 23390 to
LECA). JCRV was sponsored by CONACYT (CVU 339868). Authors especially
thank to the Universidad Autonoma de Baja California Sur for allowing us
the use of the facilities for the experiment. Dr. C. Rangel - Davalos
assisted us in the experimental design. C. Aguilar, J. Dominguez - Boza
and C. Hernandez - Carreon assisted in laboratory and fieldwork. Mention
of products and trade names does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 38
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0022-2011
EI 1096-0805
J9 J INVERTEBR PATHOL
JI J. Invertebr. Pathol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 139
BP 1
EP 5
DI 10.1016/j.jip.2016.07.002
PG 5
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DV1WJ
UT WOS:000382712500001
PM 27397755
ER
PT J
AU McIntyre, CL
Lewis, SB
AF McIntyre, Carol L.
Lewis, Stephen B.
TI OBSERVATIONS OF MIGRATING GOLDEN EAGLES (AQUILA CHRYSAETOS) IN EASTERN
INTERIOR ALASKA OFFER INSIGHTS ON POPULATION SIZE AND MIGRATION
MONITORING
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Golden Eagle; Aquila chrysaetos; Rough-legged Hawk; Buteo lagopus;
Alaska; migration
ID NORTH-AMERICA; HOME-RANGE; CONSERVATION; PERFORMANCE; MONTANA
AB Migratory Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos) from Alaska winter across a vast region of western North America, much of which is undergoing rapid change from a diversity of indirect and direct human activities. To address recent conservation concerns, we are studying the year-round movements of migratory Golden Eagles from interior and northern Alaska to identify and evaluate potential risks to their survival. We are also developing new survey techniques to estimate population size and trends. As part of our ongoing studies, we observed migrating Golden Eagles in spring and autumn 2014 during field investigations to locate Golden Eagle capture sites in eastern interior Alaska, and in spring 2015 during capture activities. We observed large numbers of Golden Eagles in both spring and autumn, suggesting that the Mentasta Mountains are an important migration corridor for this species. Further, our observations, including 1364 migrating Golden Eagles in October 2014, suggested that the Alaska Golden Eagle population is much larger than is reflected in the only currently available statewide population estimate of 2400 eagles. In combination with historical and contemporary tracking studies, our observations in the Mentasta Mountains provide important new information about Golden Eagle migration in Alaska and stimulate interest in answering fundamental questions about using counts of migrating Golden Eagles to estimate, and detect change in, the population size of Alaska's migratory Golden Eagles. Our observations also provide new information about Rough-legged Hawk migration in Alaska.
C1 [McIntyre, Carol L.] Denali Natl Pk & Preserve, 4175 Geist Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Lewis, Stephen B.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3000 Vintage Blvd,Suite 201, Juneau, AK 99801 USA.
RP McIntyre, CL (reprint author), Denali Natl Pk & Preserve, 4175 Geist Rd, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
EM Carol_McIntyre@nps.gov
NR 36
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Z9 0
U1 13
U2 13
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
EI 2162-4569
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 3
BP 254
EP 264
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DU1FE
UT WOS:000381952800002
ER
PT J
AU Smith, NR
Afton, AD
Hess, TJ
AF Smith, Nickolas R.
Afton, Alan D.
Hess, Thomas J., Jr.
TI MORPHOMETRIC SEX DETERMINATION OF AFTER-HATCH-YEAR BALD EAGLES IN
LOUISIANA
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bald Eagle; Haliaeetus leucocephalus; molphometrics; sexing
ID SIZE DIMORPHISM; MIGRATORY MOVEMENTS; EVOLUTION; AGE
C1 [Smith, Nickolas R.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Afton, Alan D.] Louisiana State Univ, Louisiana Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Hess, Thomas J., Jr.] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge, Grand Chenier, LA 70743 USA.
[Smith, Nickolas R.] Ducks Unlimited Inc, One Waterfowl Way, Memphis, TN 38120 USA.
RP Smith, NR (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.; Smith, NR (reprint author), Ducks Unlimited Inc, One Waterfowl Way, Memphis, TN 38120 USA.
EM nrsmith@ducks.org
FU Louisiana Department of Wildlife and Fisheries; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Division of Federal Aid through Louisiana State Wildlife Grant
[T-98]; Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Trust; U.S. Geological
Survey-Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; School of
Renewable Natural Resources at Louisiana State University
FX We dedicate this manuscript to the memory of Thomas Hess, Jr., our
coauthor who devoted much of his career to the Bald Eagles of Louisiana.
Financial support for our study was provided by the Louisiana Department
of Wildlife and Fisheries and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Division of Federal Aid through Louisiana State Wildlife Grant T-98; the
Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge Trust; and the U.S. Geological
Survey-Louisiana Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the
School of Renewable Natural Resources at Louisiana State University. We
thank Louisiana State University Wildlife Hospital and especially J.
Brandao and J. Navarez for assistance and cooperation in collecting
morphometrics and blood samples from Bald Eagles admitted to the
hospital. We also thank all those who assisted in our project and to the
many landowners who provided local knowledge and access to their
property. We greatly appreciate advice, guidance, assistance, and
encouragement provided by D. Blouin, M. KaIler, P. Link, K. McCarter, A.
McCarty, S. Norton, and W. Selman. We thank C. Briggs and two anonymous
reviewers for comments that improved earlier versions of this report.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 20
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U1 3
U2 3
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
EI 2162-4569
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 3
BP 301
EP 304
PG 4
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DU1FE
UT WOS:000381952800007
ER
PT J
AU Kaufman, DS
Axford, YL
Henderson, ACG
McKay, NP
Oswald, WW
Saenger, C
Anderson, RS
Bailey, HL
Clegg, B
Gajewski, K
Hu, FS
Jones, MC
Massa, C
Routson, CC
Werner, A
Wooller, MJ
Yu, ZC
AF Kaufman, Darrell S.
Axford, Yarrow L.
Henderson, Andrew C. G.
McKay, Nicholas P.
Oswald, W. Wyatt
Saenger, Casey
Anderson, R. Scott
Bailey, Hannah L.
Clegg, Benjamin
Gajewski, Konrad
Hu, Feng Sheng
Jones, Miriam C.
Massa, Charly
Routson, Cody C.
Werner, Al
Wooller, Matthew J.
Yu, Zicheng
TI Holocene climate changes in eastern Beringia (NW North America) - A
systematic review of multi-proxy evidence
SO QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 2nd International Conference of the
Palaeo-Arctic-Spatial-and-Temporal-Gateways-Network (PAST Gateways)
CY 2014
CL Trieste, ITALY
SP Palaeo Arctic Spatial & Temporal Gateways Network
DE Holocene; Paleoclimate; Beringia; Alaska; Yukon; Synthesis; Multi-proxy;
Climate change
ID SOUTH-CENTRAL ALASKA; QUATERNARY VEGETATION HISTORY; CENTRAL BROOKS
RANGE; FRESH-WATER MIDGES; RELATIVE SEA-LEVEL; YUKON-TERRITORY; GLACIER
FLUCTUATIONS; POLLEN DATA; NORTHWESTERN ALASKA; CARBON ACCUMULATION
AB Reconstructing climates of the past relies on a variety of evidence from a large number of sites to capture the varied features of climate and the spatial heterogeneity of climate change. This review summarizes available information from diverse Holocene paleoenvironmental records across eastern Beringia (Alaska, westernmost Canada and adjacent seas), and it quantifies the primary trends of temperature- and moisture-sensitive records based in part on midges, pollen, and biogeochemical indicators (compiled in the recently published Arctic Holocene database, and updated here to v2.1). The composite time series from these proxy records are compared with new summaries of mountain-glacier and lake-level fluctuations, terrestrial water-isotope records, sea-ice and sea-surface-temperature analyses, and peatland and thaw-lake initiation frequencies to clarify multi-centennial- to millennial-scale trends in Holocene climate change. To focus the synthesis, the paleo data are used to frame specific questions that can be addressed with simulations by Earth system models to investigate the causes and dynamics of past and future climate change. This systematic review shows that, during the early Holocene (11.7-8.2 ka; 1 ka = 1000 cal yr BP), rather than a prominent thermal maximum as suggested previously, temperatures were highly variable, at times both higher and lower than present (approximate mid-20th-century average), with no clear spatial pattern. Composited pollen, midge and other proxy records average out the variability and show the overall lowest summer and mean-annual temperatures across the study region during the earliest Holocene, followed by warming over the early Holocene. The sparse data available on early Holocene glaciation show that glaciers in southern Alaska were as extensive then as they were during the late Holocene. Early Holocene lake levels were low in interior Alaska, but moisture indicators show pronounced differences across the region. The highest frequency of both peatland and thaw-lake initiation ages also occurred during the early Holocene. During the middle Holocene (8.2-4.2 ka), glaciers retreated as the regional average temperature increased to a maximum between 7 and 5 ka, as reflected in most proxy types. Following the middle Holocene thermal maximum, temperatures decreased starting between 4 and 3 ka, signaling the onset of Neoglacial cooling. Glaciers in the Brooks and Alaska Ranges advanced to their maximum Holocene extent as lakes generally rose to modern levels. Temperature differences for averaged 500-year time steps typically ranged by 1-2 degrees C for individual records in the Arctic Holocene database, with a transition to a cooler late Holocene that was neither abrupt nor spatially coherent. The longest and highest-resolution terrestrial water isotope records previously interpreted to represent changes in the Aleutian low-pressure system around this time are here shown to be largely contradictory. Furthermore, there are too few records with sufficient resolution to identify sub-centennial-scale climate anomalies, such as the 8.2 ka event. The review concludes by suggesting some priorities for future paleoclimate research in the region. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kaufman, Darrell S.; McKay, Nicholas P.; Anderson, R. Scott; Routson, Cody C.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Axford, Yarrow L.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.
[Henderson, Andrew C. G.; Bailey, Hannah L.] Newcastle Univ, Sch Geog Polit & Sociol, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, Tyne & Wear, England.
[Oswald, W. Wyatt] Emerson Coll, Inst Liberal Arts & Interdisciplinary Studies, Boston, MA 02116 USA.
[Saenger, Casey] Univ Washington, Joint Inst Study Atmosphere & Ocean, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[Clegg, Benjamin] Univ Illinois, Sch Integrat Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Gajewski, Konrad] Univ Ottawa, Dept Geog, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada.
[Hu, Feng Sheng] Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Hu, Feng Sheng] Univ Illinois, Dept Geol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Jones, Miriam C.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geol & Paleoclimate Sci Ctr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Massa, Charly; Yu, Zicheng] Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA.
[Werner, Al] Mt Holyoke Coll, Dept Geol, S Hadley, MA 01075 USA.
[Wooller, Matthew J.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
RP Kaufman, DS (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Earth Sci & Environm Sustainabil, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM darrell.kaufman@nau.edu
RI Henderson, Andrew/A-1434-2009;
OI Henderson, Andrew/0000-0002-5944-3135; Wooller,
Matthew/0000-0002-5065-4235; Saenger, Casey/0000-0002-6345-1728; Axford,
Yarrow/0000-0002-8033-358X; Bailey, Hannah/0000-0003-4085-3721
NR 203
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 27
U2 28
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0277-3791
J9 QUATERNARY SCI REV
JI Quat. Sci. Rev.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 147
SI SI
BP 312
EP 339
DI 10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.10.021
PG 28
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DU7QK
UT WOS:000382409500020
ER
PT J
AU Centofanti, T
Chaney, RL
Beyer, WN
McConnell, LL
Davis, AP
Jackson, D
AF Centofanti, Tiziana
Chaney, Rufus L.
Beyer, W. Nelson
McConnell, Laura L.
Davis, Allen P.
Jackson, Dana
TI Assessment of Trace Element Accumulation by Earthworms in an Orchard
Soil Remediation Study Using Soil Amendments
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bioavailability; Earthworms; Trace elements; Remediation; Lead;
Pesticides
ID LUMBRICUS-TERRESTRIS L.; CONTAMINATED SOILS; MUNICIPAL BIOSOLIDS;
SEWAGE-SLUDGE; FOREST SOILS; METALS; LEAD; BIOAVAILABILITY; CADMIUM;
PHYTOREMEDIATION
AB This study assessed potential bioaccumulation of various trace elements in grasses and earthworms as a consequence of soil incorporation of organic amendments for in situ remediation of an orchard field soil contaminated with organochlorine and Pb pesticide residues. In this experiment, four organic amendments of differing total organic carbon content and quality (two types of composted manure, composted biosolids, and biochar) were added to a contaminated orchard field soil, planted with two types of grasses, and tested for their ability to reduce bioaccumulation of organochlorine pesticides andmetals in earthworms. The experiment was carried out in 4-L soil microcosms in a controlled environment for 90 days. After 45 days of orchardgrass or perennial ryegrass growth, Lumbricus terrestris L. were introduced to the microcosms and exposed to the experimental soils for 45 days before the experiment was ended. Total trace element concentrations in the added organic amendments were below recommended safe levels and their phytoavailablity and earthworm availability remained low during a 90-day bioremediation study. At the end of the experiment, total tissue concentrations of Cu, Cd, Mn, Pb, and Zn in earthworms and grasses were below recommended safe levels. Total concentrations of Pb in test soil were similar to maximum background levels of Pb recorded in soils in the Eastern USA (100 mg kg(-1) d.w.) because of previous application of orchard pesticides. Addition of aged dairy manure compost and presence of grasses was effective in reducing the accumulation of soil-derived Pb in earthworms, thus reducing the risk of soil Pb entry into wildlife food chains.
C1 [Centofanti, Tiziana; Davis, Allen P.] Univ Maryland, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1173 Glenn L Martin Hall, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Chaney, Rufus L.; McConnell, Laura L.; Jackson, Dana] ARS, USDA, Henry A Wallace Beltsville Agr Res Ctr, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Beyer, W. Nelson] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, BARC East, 10300 Baltimore Ave,Bldg 308, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Centofanti, Tiziana] Szent Istvan Univ, Villanyi Ut 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
[McConnell, Laura L.] Bayer CropSci, 2 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Centofanti, Tiziana] Szent Istvan Univ, Dept Soil Sci & Water Management, Villanyi Ut 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
RP Centofanti, T (reprint author), Szent Istvan Univ, Villanyi Ut 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.; Centofanti, T (reprint author), Szent Istvan Univ, Dept Soil Sci & Water Management, Villanyi Ut 29-43, H-1118 Budapest, Hungary.
EM Tiziana.centofanti@gmail.com; laura.mcconnell@bayer.com
RI DAVIS, ALLEN/F-1066-2017;
OI DAVIS, ALLEN/0000-0001-7818-1890; Centofanti,
Tiziana/0000-0002-5545-4064
FU US Environmental Protection Agency, Region III Green Remediation Program
FX We would like to thank Ms. Marya Orf Anderson, Dr. Natasha Andrade, and
Mr. Christopher Jennings for their assistance during field and
laboratory operations. In addition, a special thank you to Ms. Ann
Ngyuen and Dr. Carrie Green for their invaluable analytical and
technical contribution to this study. Funding for this study was
received from the US Environmental Protection Agency, Region III Green
Remediation Program.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 23
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
EI 1573-2932
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 227
IS 9
AR 350
DI 10.1007/s11270-016-3055-0
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA DV2OY
UT WOS:000382761400058
ER
PT J
AU Tindall, J
Friedel, MJ
AF Tindall, James
Friedel, Michael J.
TI Transport of Atrazine Versus Bromide and delta O-18 in Sand
SO WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Chemical transport; Agriculture; Atrazine; Herbicides; Soil type
ID WETTING FRONT INSTABILITY; MIDWESTERN UNITED-STATES; SOLUTE TRANSPORT;
STRUCTURED SOILS; MODEL APPLICATIONS; POROUS-MEDIA; WATER-FLOW;
GROUNDWATER; HERBICIDES; INDEXES
AB The objective of this research was to determine the process of atrazine transport compared to bromide and delta O-18 transport in sands near Denver. Three 1.5 x 2 x 1.5-m plots were installed and allowed to equilibrate for 2 years before research initiation and were instrumented with 1.5 x 2-m zero-tension pan lysimeters installed at 1.5-m depths. Additionally, each plot was instrumented with suction lysimeters, tensiometers, time domain reflectometry (TDR) moisture probes, and thermocouples (to measure soil temperature) at 15-cm depth increments. All plots were enclosed with a raised frame (of 8-cm height) to prevent surface runoff. During the 2-year period before research began, all suction and pan lysimeters were purged monthly and were sampled for fluids immediately prior to atrazine and KBr application to obtain background concentrations. Atrazine illustrated little movement until after a significant rainfall event, which peaked concentrations at depths of about 90 to 135 cm. Both Br- and delta O-18 moved rapidly through the soil, probably owing to soil porosity and anion exclusion for Br-. Concentrations of atrazine exceeding 5.0 mu L-1 were observed with depth (90 to 150 cm) after several months. It appears that significant rainfall events were a key factor in the movement of atrazine in the sand, which allowed the chemicals to move to greater depths and thus avoid generally found biodegradation processes.
C1 [Tindall, James] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 413,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Friedel, Michael J.] GNS Sci, Dept Hydrogeol, 1 Fairway Dr, Lower Hutt 5040, New Zealand.
[Friedel, Michael J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Math & Stat Sci, Campus Box 170,POB 173364, Denver, CO 80217 USA.
RP Tindall, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Denver Fed Ctr, MS 413,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jtindall@usgs.gov
FU NAWQA
FX The author gratefully expresses appreciation for the NAWQA support and
cooperation for portions of this project.
NR 42
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0049-6979
EI 1573-2932
J9 WATER AIR SOIL POLL
JI Water Air Soil Pollut.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 227
IS 9
AR 294
DI 10.1007/s11270-016-2983-z
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences;
Water Resources
GA DV2OY
UT WOS:000382761400002
ER
PT J
AU Dang, VD
Walters, DM
Leey, CM
AF Dang, Viet D.
Walters, David M.
Leey, Cindy M.
TI ASSESSING ATMOSPHERIC CONCENTRATION OF POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS BY
EVERGREEN RHODODENDRON MAXIMUM NEXT TO A CONTAMINATED STREAM
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Evergreen rhododendron; PCB volatilization; Contaminated stream; Lake
Hartwell; Superfund site
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PINE NEEDLES; PCB CONGENERS; ORGANIC
CONTAMINANTS; PLANT UPTAKE; OUTDOOR AIR; FOOD-WEB; EXCHANGE; LEAVES;
URBAN
AB Conifers are often used as an air passive sampler, but few studies have focused on the implication of broadleaf evergreens to monitor atmospheric semivolatile organic compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In the present study, the authors used Rhododendron maximum (rhododendron) growing next to a contaminated stream to assess atmospheric PCB concentrations. The present study area was located in a rural setting and approximately 2 km downstream of a former capacitor plant. Leaves from the same mature shrubs were collected in late fall 2010 and winter and spring 2011. Polychlorinated biphenyls were detected in the collected leaves, suggesting that rhododendron can be used as air passive samplers in rural areas where active sampling is impractical. Estimated SPCB (47 congeners) concentrations in the atmosphere decreased from fall 2010 to spring 2011 with concentration means at 3990 pgm(-3), 2850 pgm(-3), and 931 pgm(-3) in fall 2010, winter 2011, and spring 2011, respectively. These results indicate that the atmospheric concentrations at this location continue to be high despite termination of active discharge from the former industrial source. Leaves had a consistent pattern of high concentrations of tetra-CBs and penta-CBs similar to the congener distribution in polyethylene passive samplers deployed in the water column, suggesting that volatilized PCBs from the stream were the primary source of contaminants in rhododendron leaves. (C) 2016 SETAC
C1 [Dang, Viet D.; Leey, Cindy M.] Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Anderson, SC 29625 USA.
[Dang, Viet D.] Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.
[Dang, Viet D.] Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Walters, David M.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA.
RP Dang, VD (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Environm Engn & Earth Sci, Anderson, SC 29625 USA.; Dang, VD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Physiol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA.; Dang, VD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ctr Environm & Human Toxicol, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
EM dv@ufl.edu
FU National Science Foundation [CBET-0828699]
FX The present study was funded in part by the National Science Foundation
(CBET-0828699). Any use of trade, name, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government. We thank Kevin Farley for reviewing an earlier draft of the
manuscript.
NR 45
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 9
BP 2192
EP 2198
DI 10.1002/etc.3404
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DU4MZ
UT WOS:000382188500007
PM 26889751
ER
PT J
AU Richter, CA
Papoulias, DM
Whyte, JJ
Tillitt, DE
AF Richter, Catherine A.
Papoulias, Diana M.
Whyte, Jeffrey J.
Tillitt, Donald E.
TI EVALUATION OF POTENTIAL MECHANISMS OF ATRAZINE-INDUCED REPRODUCTIVE
IMPAIRMENT IN FATHEAD MINNOW (PIMEPHALES PROMELAS) AND JAPANESE MEDAKA
(ORYZIAS LATIPES)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aquatic toxicology; Endocrine-disrupting compound; Reproductive
toxicity; Steroidogenesis; Toxicity mechanism
ID AROMATASE-ACTIVITY; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; ATLANTIC CROAKER;
GENE-EXPRESSION; LEYDIG-CELLS; DISRUPTION; STEROIDOGENESIS; EXPOSURE;
GOLDFISH; FISH
AB Atrazine has been implicated in reproductive dysfunction of exposed organisms, and previous studies documented decreased egg production in Japanese medaka (Oryzias latipes) and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) during 30-d to 38-d exposures to 0.5 mu g/L, 5 mu g/L, and 50 mu g/L atrazine. The authors evaluated possible mechanisms underlying the reduction in egg production. Gene expression in steroidogenesis pathways and the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonad axis of male and female fish was measured. Atrazine did not significantly induce gonad aromatase (cyp19a1a) expression. An atrazine-induced shift in the number of females in an active reproductive state was observed. Expression of the egg maturation genes vitellogenin 1 (vtg1) and zona pellucida glycoprotein 3.1 (zp3.1) in medaka females was correlated and had a bimodal distribution. In both species, females with low vtg1 or zp3.1 expression also had low expression of steroidogenesis genes in the gonad, estrogen receptor in the liver, and gonadotropins in the brain. In the medaka, the number of females per tank that had high expression of zp3.1 was significantly correlated with egg production per tank. The number of medaka females with low expression of zp3.1 increased significantly with atrazine exposure. Thus, the decline in egg production observed in response to atrazine exposure may be the result of a coordinated downregulation of genes required for reproduction in a subset of females. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
C1 [Richter, Catherine A.; Papoulias, Diana M.; Whyte, Jeffrey J.; Tillitt, Donald E.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
RP Richter, CA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
EM CRichter@usgs.gov
OI Richter, Catherine/0000-0001-7322-4206
FU US Geological Survey, Contaminants Biology Program, Environmental Health
Mission Area
FX We are grateful for the assistance of D.L. Villeneuve and G.T. Ankley
(US Environmental Protection Agency, Mid-Continent Ecology Division,
Duluth, MN); D. Nicks, R. Claunch, M. Annis, J. Candrl, J. Zajicek, M.
Keuss, D. Dittmer, V. Velez, and M. Wright-Osment (Columbia
Environmental Research Center, US Geological Survey, Columbia, MO); and
M. Ellerseick (University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA). The present
study was supported through funds from the US Geological Survey,
Contaminants Biology Program, Environmental Health Mission Area. The
authors declare no conflicts of interest. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the US government.
NR 41
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U1 8
U2 10
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 9
BP 2230
EP 2238
DI 10.1002/etc.3376
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DU4MZ
UT WOS:000382188500012
PM 26792394
ER
PT J
AU Loftin, KA
Clark, JM
Journey, CA
Kolpin, DW
Van Metre, PC
Carlisle, D
Bradley, PM
AF Loftin, Keith A.
Clark, Jimmy M.
Journey, Celeste A.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Van Metre, Peter C.
Carlisle, Daren
Bradley, Paul M.
TI SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL VARIATION IN MICROCYSTIN OCCURRENCE IN WADEABLE
STREAMS IN THE SOUTHEASTERN UNITED STATES
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Microcystin; Cyanobacteria; Periphyton; Headwater streams; Harmful algal
blooms
ID WESTERN LAKE-ERIE; DISSOLVED MICROCYSTINS; CYANOBACTERIAL BLOOMS;
PUBLIC-HEALTH; RIVER-BASIN; CYANOTOXINS; RISK; CALIFORNIA; TOXICITY;
SEAFOOD
AB Despite historical observations of potential microcystin-producing cyanobacteria (including Leptolyngbya, Phormidium, Pseudoanabaena, and Anabaena species) in 74% of headwater streams in Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina (USA) from 1993 to 2011, fluvial cyanotoxin occurrence has not been systematically assessed in the southeastern United States. To begin to address this data gap, a spatial reconnaissance of fluvial microcystin concentrations was conducted in 75 wadeable streams in the Piedmont region (southeastern USA) during June 2014. Microcystins were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (limit = 0.10 mu g/L) in 39% of the streams with mean, median, and maximum detected concentrations of 0.29 mu g/L, 0.11 mu g/L, and 3.2 mu g/L, respectively. Significant (alpha = 0.05) correlations were observed between June 2014 microcystin concentrations and stream flow, total nitrogen to total phosphorus ratio, and water temperature; but each of these factors explained 38% or less of the variability in fluvial microcystins across the region. Temporal microcystin variability was assessed monthly through October 2014 in 5 of the streams where microcystins were observed in June and in 1 reference location; microcystins were repeatedly detected in all but the reference stream. Although microcystin concentrations in the present study did not exceed World Health Organization recreational guidance thresholds, their widespread occurrence demonstrates the need for further investigation of possible in-stream environmental health effects as well as potential impacts on downstream lakes and reservoirs. Published 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
C1 [Loftin, Keith A.] US Geol Survey, Organ Geochem Res Lab, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Clark, Jimmy M.; Journey, Celeste A.; Bradley, Paul M.] US Geol Survey, South Atlantic Water Sci Ctr, Columbia, SC USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, Iowa Water Sci Ctr, Iowa City, IA USA.
[Van Metre, Peter C.] US Geol Survey, Texas Water Sci Ctr, Austin, TX USA.
[Carlisle, Daren] US Geol Survey, Natl Water Qual Program, Lawrence, KS USA.
RP Loftin, KA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Organ Geochem Res Lab, Kansas Water Sci Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
EM kloftin@usgs.gov
OI Journey, Celeste/0000-0002-2284-5851; Van Metre,
Peter/0000-0001-7564-9814
FU US Geological Survey's Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; National
Water-Quality Program
FX Support for the present study was provided by the US Geological Survey's
Toxic Substances Hydrology Program and the National Water-Quality
Program.
NR 62
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U1 20
U2 23
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 9
BP 2281
EP 2287
DI 10.1002/etc.3391
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DU4MZ
UT WOS:000382188500018
PM 26844812
ER
PT J
AU Beyer, WN
Basta, NT
Chaney, RL
Henry, PFP
Mosby, DE
Rattner, BA
Scheckel, KG
Sprague, DT
Weber, JS
AF Beyer, W. Nelson
Basta, Nicholas T.
Chaney, Rufus L.
Henry, Paula F. P.
Mosby, David E.
Rattner, Barnett A.
Scheckel, Kirk G.
Sprague, Daniel T.
Weber, John S.
TI BIOACCESSIBILITY TESTS ACCURATELY ESTIMATE BIOAVAILABILITY OF LEAD TO
QUAIL
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Metal bioavailability; Ecological risk assessment; Soil contamination;
Wildlife toxicology
ID RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY; CONTAMINATED SEDIMENT; RISK-ASSESSMENT; SOIL;
CADMIUM; PHOSPHATE; ABSORPTION; EXTRACTION; SPECIATION; WATERFOWL
AB Hazards of soil-borne lead (Pb) to wild birds may be more accurately quantified if the bioavailability of that Pb is known. To better understand the bioavailability of Pb to birds, the authors measured blood Pb concentrations in Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) fed diets containing Pb-contaminated soils. Relative bioavailabilities were expressed by comparison with blood Pb concentrations in quail fed a Pb acetate reference diet. Diets containing soil from 5 Pb-contaminated Superfund sites had relative bioavailabilities from 33% to 63%, with a mean of approximately 50%. Treatment of 2 of the soils with phosphorus (P) significantly reduced the bioavailability of Pb. Bioaccessibility of Pb in the test soils was then measured in 6 in vitro tests and regressed on bioavailability: the relative bioavailability leaching procedure at pH 1.5, the same test conducted at pH 2.5, the Ohio State University in vitro gastrointestinal method, the urban soil bioaccessible lead test, the modified physiologically based extraction test, and the waterfowl physiologically based extraction test. All regressions had positive slopes. Based on criteria of slope and coefficient of determination, the relative bioavailability leaching procedure at pH 2.5 and Ohio State University in vitro gastrointestinal tests performed very well. Speciation by X-ray absorption spectroscopy demonstrated that, on average, most of the Pb in the sampled soils was sorbed to minerals (30%), bound to organic matter (24%), or present as Pb sulfate (18%). Additional Pb was associated with P (chloropyromorphite, hydroxypyromorphite, and tertiary Pb phosphate) and with Pb carbonates, leadhillite (a lead sulfate carbonate hydroxide), and Pb sulfide. The formation of chloropyromorphite reduced the bioavailability of Pb, and the amendment of Pb-contaminated soils with P may be a thermodynamically favored means to sequester Pb. Published (C) 2016 Wiley Periodicals Inc. on behalf of SETAC.
C1 [Beyer, W. Nelson; Henry, Paula F. P.; Rattner, Barnett A.; Sprague, Daniel T.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Basta, Nicholas T.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Chaney, Rufus L.] USDA, Crop Syst & Global Change Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Mosby, David E.; Weber, John S.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia, MO USA.
[Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Beyer, WN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM nbeyer@usgs.gov
OI Scheckel, Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241
FU Department of Energy; Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory
[DE-AC02-06CH11357]
FX We thank K. Nelson (Helena, MT) and B. Spears (Fairhope, AL) of the US
Fish and Wildlife Service for sending some of the soils used in the
present study. Materials Research Collaborative Access Team operations
are supported by the Department of Energy and member institutions. The
present study used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a US
Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility operated for the
Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under contract
DE-AC02-06CH11357.
NR 44
TC 1
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U1 20
U2 22
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0730-7268
EI 1552-8618
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 9
BP 2311
EP 2319
DI 10.1002/etc.3399
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DU4MZ
UT WOS:000382188500022
PM 26876015
ER
PT J
AU van Huysen, TL
Perakis, SS
Harmon, ME
AF van Huysen, Tiff L.
Perakis, Steven S.
Harmon, Mark E.
TI Decomposition drives convergence of forest litter nutrient stoichiometry
following phosphorus addition
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE Decomposition; Mineralization; Fertilization; Carbon; Nitrogen;
Phosphorus; Stoichiometry
ID CONIFEROUS FORESTS; HAWAIIAN FORESTS; FOLIAR LITTER; DOUGLAS-FIR;
NITROGEN; DYNAMICS; ROOT; PATTERNS; SOIL; AVAILABILITY
AB Nutrient levels in decomposing detritus and soil can influence decomposition rates and detrital nutrient dynamics in differing ways among various detrital components of forests. We assessed whether increased phosphorus (P) levels in litter and soil influenced decomposition rates and litter nutrient dynamics of foliage, fine roots, and twigs in nitrogen (N)-rich Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) forests in the Oregon Coast Range.
We decomposed fresh foliage, fine root, and twig litter from Douglas-fir seedlings at three sites for two years. Half of the seedlings and half of the plots at each of the sites were fertilized with P resulting in a factorial design with the following treatments: control (no P fertilization), plant P (P-fertilized litter), soil P (P-fertilized soil), and plant P x soil P.
Soil P fertilization slightly decreased foliage decomposition rates. Fertilization of seedlings increased litter P concentrations by an average of 250 % relative to controls, but did not alter litter decomposition rates. Litter fertilized with P mineralized P rapidly and early in the decomposition process compared to N. Litter P concentrations decreased over the 2 years for all treatments, whereas N concentrations increased. Decomposition rates and loss of N and P were strongly related to initial litter chemistry. Despite different initial litter C:N:P ratios in P fertilized seedlings, ratios of C:N, C:P and N:P converged to similar values across treatments within a given litter type over 2 years.
We conclude that litter P concentrations and to some extent soil P may influence litter nutrient dynamics during decomposition, resulting in a convergence of element ratios that reflect the balance of substrate decomposition and microbial nutrient stoichiometry.
C1 [van Huysen, Tiff L.; Harmon, Mark E.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Ecosyst & Soc, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Perakis, Steven S.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Perakis, SS (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM sperakis@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation [OISE-0227642]
FX We thank Barbara Bond and two anonymous reviewers for comments, and
Jessi Brunson, Alison Cross Buttafuoco, Chris Catricala, Becky Fasth,
Jake Hoyman, Joselin Matkins, Mel McCartney, Chip Pascoe, Jay Sexton,
Carlos Sierra, Emily Sinkhorn, and Aaron Thiel for help with field
and/or laboratory work. This work was funded by a grant from the
National Science Foundation (OISE-0227642). Any use of trade, product,
or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. government. The experimental approach and
methods used in this study comply with the current laws of the USA.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 36
U2 45
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
EI 1573-5036
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 406
IS 1-2
BP 1
EP 14
DI 10.1007/s11104-016-2857-6
PG 14
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA DU1TG
UT WOS:000381991600001
ER
PT J
AU Madsen, J
Clausen, KK
Christensen, TK
Johnson, FA
AF Madsen, Jesper
Clausen, Kevin Kuhlmann
Christensen, Thomas Kjr
Johnson, Fred A.
TI Regulation of the hunting season as a tool for adaptive harvest
management - first results for pink-footed geese Anser brachyrhynchus
SO WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WIGEON ANAS-PENELOPE; POPULATIONS; SEX
AB Adjustment of hunting season length is often used to regulate harvest of waterbirds but the effects are disputed. We describe the first results of season length extension on the harvest of the pink-footed goose, which has been selected as the first test case of adaptive harvest management of waterbirds in Europe. In Denmark, the season (previously 1 September to 31 December) was extended to include January in 2014-2015 with the aim to increase the harvest and, in the longer term, reduce the population size. The total harvest in Denmark increased by 52% compared to previous years, and almost 50% of the Danish harvest was taken in the January extension. In the course of the hunting season, the proportion of adults in the bag increased. In this case, the outcomes from the first extension of season suggest that season length adjustment can be an effective tool to regulate harvest, though dependent on winter weather conditions and hunters' motivation for shooting geese.
C1 [Madsen, Jesper; Clausen, Kevin Kuhlmann; Christensen, Thomas Kjr] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Grenavej 14, DK-8410 Ronde, Denmark.
[Johnson, Fred A.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Madsen, J (reprint author), Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, Grenavej 14, DK-8410 Ronde, Denmark.
EM jm@bios.au.dk
OI Clausen, Kevin Kuhlmann/0000-0003-3636-5442
FU Danish Nature Agency; Norwegian Environment Agency
FX The Danish Nature Agency and the Norwegian Environment Agency are
thanked for supporting the study financially.
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 6
U2 6
PU WILDLIFE BIOLOGY
PI RONDE
PA C/O JAN BERTELSEN, GRENAAVEJ 14, KALO, DK-8410 RONDE, DENMARK
SN 0909-6396
EI 1903-220X
J9 WILDLIFE BIOL
JI Wildlife Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 5
BP 204
EP 208
DI 10.2981/wlb.00234
PG 5
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA DU6JY
UT WOS:000382322100003
ER
PT J
AU Otten, TG
Graham, JL
Harris, TD
Dreher, TW
AF Otten, Timothy G.
Graham, Jennifer L.
Harris, Theodore D.
Dreher, Theo W.
TI Elucidation of Taste- and Odor-Producing Bacteria and Toxigenic
Cyanobacteria in a Midwestern Drinking Water Supply Reservoir by Shotgun
Metagenomic Analysis
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID REAL-TIME PCR; GEOSMIN; ANABAENA; GENE; MICROCYSTIS; BLOOMS;
2-METHYLISOBORNEOL; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; ESTABLISHMENT
AB While commonplace in clinical settings, DNA-based assays for identification or enumeration of drinking water pathogens and other biological contaminants remain widely unadopted by the monitoring community. In this study, shotgun metagenomics was used to identify taste-and-odor producers and toxin-producing cyanobacteria over a 2-year period in a drinking water reservoir. The sequencing data implicated several cyanobacteria, including Anabaena spp., Microcystis spp., and an unresolved member of the order Oscillatoriales as the likely principal producers of geosmin, microcystin, and 2-methylisoborneol (MIB), respectively. To further demonstrate this, quantitative PCR (qPCR) assays targeting geosmin-producing Anabaena and microcystin-producing Microcystis were utilized, and these data were fitted using generalized linear models and compared with routine monitoring data, including microscopic cell counts, sonde-based physicochemical analyses, and assays of all inorganic and organic nitrogen and phosphorus forms and fractions. The qPCR assays explained the greatest variation in observed geosmin (adjusted R-2 = 0.71) and microcystin (adjusted R-2 = 0.84) concentrations over the study period, highlighting their potential for routine monitoring applications. The origin of the monoterpene cyclase required for MIB biosynthesis was putatively linked to a periphytic cyanobacterial mat attached to the concrete drinking water inflow structure. We conclude that shotgun metagenomics can be used to identify microbial agents involved in water quality deterioration and to guide PCR assay selection or design for routine monitoring purposes. Finally, we offer estimates of microbial diversity and metagenomic coverage of our data sets for reference to others wishing to apply shotgun metagenomics to other lacustrine systems.
IMPORTANCE
Cyanobacterial toxins and microbial taste-and-odor compounds are a growing concern for drinking water utilities reliant upon surface water resources. Specific identification of the microorganism(s) responsible for water quality degradation is often complicated by the presence of co-occurring taxa capable of producing these undesirable metabolites. Here we present a framework for how shotgun metagenomics can be used to definitively identify problematic microorganisms and how these data can guide the development of rapid genetic assays for routine monitoring purposes.
C1 [Otten, Timothy G.; Dreher, Theo W.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Graham, Jennifer L.; Harris, Theodore D.] US Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Harris, Theodore D.] Univ Kansas, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.
[Dreher, Theo W.] Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Otten, TG; Dreher, TW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.; Dreher, TW (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Ctr Genome Res & Biocomp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM ottent@onid.orst.edu; theo.dreher@oregonstate.edu
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) [2012OR127G]
FX This work was funded by U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) grant 2012OR127G
to Theo W. Dreher (principal investigator [PI]) and Jennifer L. Graham
(co-PI).
NR 55
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 15
U2 20
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
EI 1098-5336
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 17
BP 5410
EP 5420
DI 10.1128/AEM.01334-16
PG 11
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA DT5DI
UT WOS:000381500700034
PM 27342564
ER
PT J
AU Ramey, AM
Torchetti, MK
Poulson, RL
Carter, D
Reeves, AB
Link, P
Walther, P
Lebarbenchon, C
Stallknecht, DE
AF Ramey, Andrew M.
Torchetti, Mia Kim
Poulson, Rebecca L.
Carter, Deborah
Reeves, Andrew B.
Link, Paul
Walther, Patrick
Lebarbenchon, Camille
Stallknecht, David E.
TI Evidence for wild waterfowl origin of H7N3 influenza A virus detected in
captive-reared New Jersey pheasants
SO ARCHIVES OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; COMMERCIAL POULTRY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; BIRDS; EVOLUTION;
OUTBREAK; FARMS; H5N1
AB In August 2014, a low-pathogenic H7N3 influenza A virus was isolated from pheasants at a New Jersey gamebird farm and hunting preserve. In this study, we use phylogenetic analyses and calculations of genetic similarity to gain inference into the genetic ancestry of this virus and to identify potential routes of transmission. Results of maximum-likelihood (ML) and maximum-clade-credibility (MCC) phylogenetic analyses provide evidence that A/pheasant/New Jersey/26996-2/2014 (H7N3) had closely related H7 hemagglutinin (HA) and N3 neuraminidase (NA) gene segments as compared to influenza A viruses circulating among wild waterfowl in the central and eastern USA. The estimated time of the most recent common ancestry (TMRCA) between the pheasant virus and those most closely related from wild waterfowl was early 2013 for both the H7 HA and N3 NA gene segments. None of the viruses from waterfowl identified as being most closely related to A/pheasant/New Jersey/26996-2/2014 at the HA and NA gene segments in ML and MCC phylogenetic analyses shared aeyen99 % nucleotide sequence identity for internal gene segment sequences. This result indicates that specific viral strains identified in this study as being closely related to the HA and NA gene segments of A/pheasant/New Jersey/26996-2/2014 were not the direct predecessors of the etiological agent identified during the New Jersey outbreak. However, the recent common ancestry of the H7 and N3 gene segments of waterfowl-origin viruses and the virus isolated from pheasants suggests that viral diversity maintained in wild waterfowl likely played an important role in the emergence of A/pheasant/New Jersey/26996-2/2014.
C1 [Ramey, Andrew M.; Reeves, Andrew B.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Torchetti, Mia Kim] Vet Serv, Natl Vet Serv Labs, USDA, POB 844, Ames, IA 50010 USA.
[Poulson, Rebecca L.; Carter, Deborah; Stallknecht, David E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Populat Hlth, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
[Link, Paul] Louisiana Dept Wildlife & Fisheries, 2000 Quail Dr,Room 436, Baton Rouge, LA 70808 USA.
[Walther, Patrick] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Texas Chenier Plain Refuge Complex,4017 FM 563, Anahuac, TX 77514 USA.
[Lebarbenchon, Camille] Univ La Reunion, UMR Proc Infect Milieu Insulaire Trop, INSERM 1187, CNRS 9192,IRD 249, St Denis, Reunion.
RP Ramey, AM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM aramey@usgs.gov
RI Lebarbenchon, Camille/H-7245-2013;
OI Lebarbenchon, Camille/0000-0002-0922-7573; Ramey,
Andrew/0000-0002-3601-8400
FU U.S. Geological Survey through the Wildlife Program of the Ecosystems
Mission area; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases;
National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services
[HHSN272201400006C]; chaire mixte: institut national de la sante et de
la recherche medicale - universite de La Reunion
FX This project was Funded by the U.S. Geological Survey through the
Wildlife Program of the Ecosystems Mission area, the National Institute
of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health,
Department of Health and Human Services, under contract
HHSN272201400006C., and by 'chaire mixte: institut national de la sante
et de la recherche medicale - universite de La Reunion'. None of the
authors have any financial interests or conflict of interest with this
article. Any use of trade names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. All applicable
international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care
and use of animals were followed.
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER WIEN
PI WIEN
PA SACHSENPLATZ 4-6, PO BOX 89, A-1201 WIEN, AUSTRIA
SN 0304-8608
EI 1432-8798
J9 ARCH VIROL
JI Arch. Virol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 161
IS 9
BP 2519
EP 2526
DI 10.1007/s00705-016-2947-z
PG 8
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA DU1NA
UT WOS:000381973200018
PM 27372454
ER
PT J
AU Meshoulam, A
Ellis, GS
Ahmad, WS
Deev, A
Sessions, AL
Tang, YC
Adkins, JF
Liu, JZ
Gilhooly, WP
Aizenshtat, Z
Amrani, A
AF Meshoulam, Alexander
Ellis, Geoffrey S.
Ahmad, Ward Said
Deev, Andrei
Sessions, Alex L.
Tang, Yongchun
Adkins, Jess F.
Liu Jinzhong
Gilhooly, William P., III
Aizenshtat, Zeev
Amrani, Alon
TI Study of thermochemical sulfate reduction mechanism using compound
specific sulfur isotope analysis
SO GEOCHIMICA ET COSMOCHIMICA ACTA
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermochemical alteration; Organic matter; Sulfur compounds; Sulfate
dissolution; Isotopes
ID MONITORING MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ORGANIC-MATTER; ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS;
PETROLEUM RESERVOIRS; SMACKOVER FORMATION; CHEMICAL-REDUCTION; BASIN;
MATURATION; GAS; H2S
AB The sulfur isotopic fractionation associated with the formation of organic sulfur compounds (OSCs) during thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) was studied using gold-tube pyrolysis experiments to simulate TSR. The reactants used included n-hexadecane (n-C-16) as a model organic compound with sulfate, sulfite, or elemental sulfur as the sulfur source. At the end of each experiment, the S-isotopic composition and concentration of remaining sulfate, H2S, benzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, and 2-phenylthiophene (PT) were measured. The observed S-isotopic fractionations between sulfate and BT, DBT, and H2S in experimental simulations of TSR correlate well with a multi-stage model of the overall TSR process. Large kinetic isotope fractionations occur during the first, uncatalyzed stage of TSR, 12.4%e for H2S and as much as 22.2%e for BT. The fractionations decrease as the H2S concentration increases and the reaction enters the second, catalyzed stage. Once all of the oxidizable hydrocarbons have been consumed, sulfate reduction ceases and equilibrium partitioning then dictates the fractionation between H2S and sulfate (similar to 17%e).
Experiments involving sparingly soluble CaSO4 show that during the second catalytic phase of TSR the rate of sulfate reduction exceeds that of sulfate dissolution. In this case, there is no apparent isotopic fractionation between source sulfate and generated H2S, as all of the available sulfate is effectively reduced at all reaction times. When CaSO4 is replaced with fully soluble Na2SO4, sulfate dissolution is no longer rate limiting and significant S-isotopic fractionation is observed. This supports the notion that CaSO4 dissolution can lead to the apparent lack of fractionation between H2S and sulfate produced by TSR in nature. The S-isotopic composition of individual OSCs record information related to geochemical reactions that cannot be discerned from the delta S-34 values obtained from bulk phases such as H2S, oil, and sulfate minerals, and provide important mechanistic details about the overall TSR process. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meshoulam, Alexander; Ahmad, Ward Said; Amrani, Alon] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
[Ellis, Geoffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Deev, Andrei; Tang, Yongchun] Power Environm & Energy Res Inst PEERi, Covina, CA 91722 USA.
[Sessions, Alex L.; Adkins, Jess F.] CALTECH, Div Geol & Planetary Sci, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Liu Jinzhong] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangzhou Inst Geochem, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong, Peoples R China.
[Gilhooly, William P., III] Indiana Univ Purdue Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Aizenshtat, Zeev] Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Chem, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
RP Amrani, A (reprint author), Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Inst Earth Sci, IL-91904 Jerusalem, Israel.
EM alon.amrani@mail.huji.ac.il
OI Ellis, Geoffrey/0000-0003-4519-3320
FU Ministry of National Infrastructures Energy and Water Resources of
Israel; Israeli Science Foundation (ISF) [1269/12]; Chinese National
Scientific Foundation [41173069, 41321001]
FX Alexander Meshoulam thanks the Ministry of National Infrastructures
Energy and Water Resources of Israel for MSc grant. Alon Amrani thanks
the Israeli Science Foundation (ISF) Grant Number 1269/12 for partial
support of this study. Liu Jinzhong acknowledge the support by the
Chinese National Scientific Foundation number 41173069 and 41321001. We
are also thank Gilad Antler (Cambridge University. UK) for bulk S
analysis of some of the starting materials for interlaboratory
comparison. We also grateful to Li Gao (PEERI). Bob Dias (U. S.
Geological Survey) and three anonymous referees for helpful comments on
an earlier version of this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or
firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 51
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 12
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0016-7037
EI 1872-9533
J9 GEOCHIM COSMOCHIM AC
JI Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 188
BP 73
EP 92
DI 10.1016/j.gca.2016.05.026
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DS4LN
UT WOS:000380752700005
ER
PT J
AU Wesnousky, SG
Briggs, RW
Caffee, MW
Ryerson, FJ
Finkel, RC
Owen, LA
AF Wesnousky, Steven G.
Briggs, Richard W.
Caffee, Marc W.
Ryerson, F. J.
Finkel, Robert C.
Owen, Lewis A.
TI Terrestrial cosmogenic surface exposure dating of glacial and associated
landforms in the Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range of central Nevada
and along the northeastern flank of the Sierra Nevada
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Geomorphology; Moraines; Cosmogenic dating; Sierra Nevada; Ruby
Mountains-East Humboldt Range
ID HIMALAYAN-TIBETAN OROGEN; DENUDATION RATES; PLEISTOCENE GLACIATION;
QUATERNARY GLACIATION; CENTRAL KARAKORAM; GREAT-BASIN; ICE AGES; BE-10;
MORAINES; AL-26
AB Deposits near Lamoille in the Ruby Mountains-East Humboldt Range of central Nevada and at Woodfords on the eastern edge of the Sierra Nevada each record two distinct glacial advances. We compare independent assessments of terrestrial cosmogenic nuclide (TCN) surface exposure ages for glacial deposits that we have determined to those obtained by others at the two sites. At each site, TCN ages of boulders on moraines of the younger advance are between 15 and 30 ka and may be associated with marine oxygen isotope stage (MIS) 2. At Woodfords, TCN ages of boulders on the moraine of the older advance are younger than similar to 60 ka and possibly formed during MIS 4, whereas boulders on the correlative outwash surface show ages approaching 140 ka (similar to MIS 6). The TCN ages of boulders on older glacial moraine at Woodfords thus appear to severely underestimate the true age of the glacial advance responsible for the deposit. The same is possibly true at Lamoille where clasts sampled from the moraine of the oldest advance have ages ranging between 20 and 40 ka with a single outlier age of similar to 80 ka The underestimations are attributed to the degradation and denudation of older moraine crests. Noting that boulder ages on the older advances at each site overlap significantly with MIS 2. We speculate that erosion of the older moraines has been episodic, with a pulse of denudation accompanying the inception of MIS 2 glaciation. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Wesnousky, Steven G.] Univ Nevada, Ctr Neotecton Studies, 1664 North Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Briggs, Richard W.] US Geol Survey, 1711 Illinois St, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Caffee, Marc W.] Dept Phys, 525 Northwestern Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Ryerson, F. J.; Finkel, Robert C.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Inst Geophys & Planetary Phys, L-202,7000 East Ave, Livermore, CA 94550 USA.
[Owen, Lewis A.] Univ Cincinnati, POB 210013, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Wesnousky, SG (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Ctr Neotecton Studies, 1664 North Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM wesnousky@unr.edu; rbriggs@usgs.gov; mcaffee@purdue.edu;
ryerson1@llnl.gov; owenls@ucmail.uc.edu
OI Ryerson, Frederick/0000-0002-6235-4408; Briggs,
Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046
FU USGS Grants [G15AP00088, G14AP00048]
FX The manuscript has benefited from the critical and constructive comments
of Jaako Pukonen, Ben Laabs and two anonymous reviewers. We give
particular thanks to Editor Richard Marston for his time and careful
comments that improved the manuscript. Anne-Sophie Meriaux assisted with
sample preparation. This research was supported in part by USGS Grants
G15AP00088 and G14AP00048. Center for Neotectonics Contribution No. 68.
NR 51
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 268
BP 72
EP 81
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.04.027
PG 10
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DT0JA
UT WOS:000381168600008
ER
PT J
AU Schumann, RR
Pigati, JS
McGeehin, JP
AF Schumann, R. Randall
Pigati, Jeffrey S.
McGeehin, John P.
TI Fluvial system response to late Pleistocene-Holocene sea-level change on
Santa Rosa Island, Channel Islands National Park, California
SO GEOMORPHOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Alluvial history; Base level; Channel Islands; California; Sea level
ID LAST GLACIAL MAXIMUM; SEQUENCE STRATIGRAPHY; CRUZ ISLAND; MODELS;
BASELEVEL; HISTORY; CLIMATE; SHELF; BASE; BP
AB Santa Rosa Island (SRI) is one of four east-west aligned islands forming the northern Channel Islands chain, and one of the five islands in Channel Islands National Park, California, USA. The island setting provides an unparalleled environment in which to record the response of fluvial systems to major changes of sea level. Many of the larger streams on the island occupy broad valleys that have been filled with alluvium and later incised to form steep- to vertical-walled arroyos, leaving a relict floodplain as much as 12-14 m above the present channel. The period of falling sea level between the end of the last interglacial highstand at similar to 80 ka and the last glacial lowstand at similar to 21 ka was marked by erosion and incision in the uplands and by deposition of alluvial sediment on the exposed marine shelf. Sea level rose relatively rapidly following the last glacial lowstand of 106 m, triggering a shift from an erosional to a depositional sedimentary regime. Accumulation of sediment occurred first through vertical and lateral accretion in broad, shallow channels on the shelf. Channel avulsion and delta sedimentation produced widespread deposition, creating lobes or wedges of sediment distributed across relatively large areas of the shelf during the latest Pleistocene. Backfilling of valleys onshore (landward of present sea level) appears to have progressed in a more orderly and predictable fashion throughout the Holocene primarily because the streams were confined to their valleys. Vertical aggradation locally reduced stream gradients, causing frequent overbank flooding and lateral channel shift by meandering and/or avulsion. Local channel gradient and morphology, short-term climate variations, and intrinsic controls also affected the timing and magnitudes of these cut, fill, and flood events, and are reflected in the thickness and spacing of the episodic alluvial sequences. Floodplain aggradation within the valleys continued until at least 500 years ago, followed by intensive arroyo cutting that abandoned the relict floodplains, forming alluvial terraces. Sedimentary evidence points to overgrazing and drought, followed by catastrophic flooding, in the mid-nineteenth century as factors that may have accelerated and dramatically enhanced arroyo formation on the island. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Schumann, R. Randall; Pigati, Jeffrey S.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[McGeehin, John P.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Schumann, RR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25046,MS 980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM rschumann@usgs.gov
OI Schumann, Randall/0000-0001-8158-6960
FU Climate and Land Use Change Research and Development Program of the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS)
FX This study was supported by the Climate and Land Use Change Research and
Development Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) and is a
contribution to the Geologic Records of High Sea Levels Project. We
greatly appreciate the guidance and support of our colleague, Dr. Daniel
R. Muhs, who encouraged, facilitated, and assisted us in this study.
Sincere thanks go to the U.S. National Park Service, Channel Islands
National Park, particularly Kate Faulkner and Mark Senning, for field
access and logistical support. Dr. Jerry X. Mitrovica, Harvard
University, generously provided information, data, and suggestions
regarding our use of Glacial Isostatic Adjustment models for this study.
We are grateful to Jordan Bright, University of Arizona, for identifying
the ostracode species in our sediment samples. Gary Skipp, Harland
Goldstein, and Eric Fisher, USGS, prepared and performed grain-size
analysis on sediment samples. Thanks to Jeremy Havens, ADC Management
Services Inc., for his rendering of Fig. 14. Reviews by Scott Minor,
Janet Slate, and two anonymous reviewers greatly improved the manuscript
and are much appreciated. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 61
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 12
U2 14
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0169-555X
EI 1872-695X
J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY
JI Geomorphology
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 268
BP 322
EP 340
DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2016.05.033
PG 19
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DT0JA
UT WOS:000381168600029
ER
PT J
AU Zhou, LY
Zhou, XH
Shao, JJ
Nie, YY
He, YH
Jiang, LL
Wu, ZT
Bai, SH
AF Zhou, Lingyan
Zhou, Xuhui
Shao, Junjiong
Nie, Yuanyuan
He, Yanghui
Jiang, Liling
Wu, Zhuoting
Bai, Shahla Hosseini
TI Interactive effects of global change factors on soil respiration and its
components: a meta-analysis
SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE drought; elevated CO2; irrigation; nitrogen addition; soil respiration;
warming
ID ELEVATED ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CLIMATE-CHANGE EXPERIMENT; OPEN-TOP CHAMBERS;
ECOSYSTEM RESPONSES; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; LONG-TERM; CARBON-DIOXIDE;
PLANT-GROWTH; HETEROTROPHIC RESPIRATION; TERRESTRIAL ECOSYSTEMS
AB As the second largest carbon (C) flux between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems, soil respiration (Rs) plays vital roles in regulating atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) and climatic dynamics in the earth system. Although numerous manipulative studies and a few meta-analyses have been conducted to determine the responses of Rs and its two components [i.e., autotrophic (Ra) and heterotrophic (Rh) respiration] to single global change factors, the interactive effects of the multiple factors are still unclear. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of 150 multiple-factor (2) studies to examine the main and interactive effects of global change factors on Rs and its two components. Our results showed that elevated [CO2] (E), nitrogen addition (N), irrigation (I), and warming (W) induced significant increases in Rs by 28.6%, 8.8%, 9.7%, and 7.1%, respectively. The combined effects of the multiple factors, EN, EW, DE, IE, IN, IW, IEW, and DEW, were also significantly positive on Rs to a greater extent than those of the single-factor ones. For all the individual studies, the additive interactions were predominant on Rs (90.6%) and its components (approximate to 70.0%) relative to synergistic and antagonistic ones. However, the different combinations of global change factors (e.g., EN, NW, EW, IW) indicated that the three types of interactions were all important, with two combinations for synergistic effects, two for antagonistic, and five for additive when at least eight independent experiments were considered. In addition, the interactions of elevated [CO2] and warming had opposite effects on Ra and Rh, suggesting that different processes may influence their responses to the multifactor interactions. Our study highlights the crucial importance of the interactive effects among the multiple factors on Rs and its components, which could inform regional and global models to assess the climate-biosphere feedbacks and improve predictions of the future states of the ecological and climate systems.
C1 [Zhou, Lingyan; Zhou, Xuhui; Shao, Junjiong] East China Normal Univ, Tiantong Natl Field Observat Stn Forest Ecosyst, Sch Ecol & Environm Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Lingyan; Shao, Junjiong; Nie, Yuanyuan; He, Yanghui; Jiang, Liling] Fudan Univ, Coastal Ecosyst Res Stn Yangtze River Estuary, Key Lab Biodivers Sci & Ecol Engn, Minist Educ,Inst Biodivers Sci, 220 Handan Rd, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Lingyan] Anhui Agr Univ, Sch Life Sci, Hefei 230036, Anhui, Peoples R China.
[Zhou, Xuhui; Shao, Junjiong] East China Normal Univ, Ctr Global Change & Ecol Forecasting, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
[Wu, Zhuoting] US Geol Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Wu, Zhuoting] Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Bai, Shahla Hosseini] Univ Sunshine Coast, Fac Sci Hlth Educ & Engn, Maroochydore, Qld 4558, Australia.
[Bai, Shahla Hosseini] Griffith Univ, Sch Nat Sci, Environm Futures Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld 4111, Australia.
RP Zhou, XH (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, Tiantong Natl Field Observat Stn Forest Ecosyst, Sch Ecol & Environm Sci, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.; Zhou, XH (reprint author), East China Normal Univ, Ctr Global Change & Ecol Forecasting, Shanghai 200062, Peoples R China.
EM xhzhou@des.ecnu.edu.cn
RI Zhou, Xuhui/H-4332-2011
FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31370489]; Program for
Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai
Institutions of Higher Learning; 'Thousand Young Talents' Program in
China
FX The authors thank the three anonymous reviewers for their insightful
comments and suggestions. This research was financially supported by the
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 31370489), the
Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at
Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, and 'Thousand Young Talents'
Program in China.
NR 89
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Z9 6
U1 71
U2 100
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1354-1013
EI 1365-2486
J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL
JI Glob. Change Biol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 22
IS 9
BP 3157
EP 3169
DI 10.1111/gcb.13253
PG 13
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS9BP
UT WOS:000381077300017
PM 26896336
ER
PT J
AU Kagan, RA
AF Kagan, R. A.
TI Electrocution of Raptors on Power Lines: A Review of Necropsy Methods
and Findings
SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE bald eagle; electric injuries; golden eagle; hawk; owl; power lines;
wildlife forensic pathology; raptors; forensic necropsy
ID INJURIES; SKIN
AB Decades after the problem was first identified, power line electrocution continues to be a cause of avian mortality. Currently, several federal laws protect eagles and other migratory birds, meaning that utility companies may be liable for electrocution-related deaths. Veterinarians and veterinary pathologists called upon to diagnose and treat electrocuted birds should keep this in mind when conducting clinical and postmortem examinations. This review details necropsy findings and methods used to diagnose electrocution. A combination of gross, subgross, and radiographic examinations can aid in identification of subtle injury. Diagnosis is made based on the presence of skin and/or feather burns. Other necropsy findings may include skin lacerations, subcutaneous burns, bruising, limb avulsion, hemopericardium, and vascular rupture. At the US Fish and Wildlife Service's National Forensics Laboratory, from 2000 to 2015, 417 raptor deaths were determined to have been caused by electrocution. Bald eagles and golden eagles were the most commonly submitted species. In a retrospective review of 377 cases, for which whole bodies were submitted, 18% of the electrocuted birds had only a single, small ( less than 3 cm in diameter) external burn. Small, isolated burns tended to occur on the undersides of the wings at and distal to the elbow and on the lower legs and feet. These areas should be most carefully examined in cases where electrocution injury is not immediately apparent.
C1 [Kagan, R. A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Fish & Wildlife Forens Lab, 1490 E Main St, Ashland, OR 97520 USA.
RP Kagan, RA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Natl Fish & Wildlife Forens Lab, 1490 E Main St, Ashland, OR 97520 USA.
EM rebecca_kagan@fws.gov
NR 19
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Z9 1
U1 17
U2 17
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0300-9858
EI 1544-2217
J9 VET PATHOL
JI Vet. Pathol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 53
IS 5
BP 1030
EP 1036
DI 10.1177/0300985816646431
PG 7
WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences
GA DT5IO
UT WOS:000381516600016
PM 27154543
ER
PT J
AU Schwindt, AR
Winkelman, DL
AF Schwindt, Adam R.
Winkelman, Dana L.
TI Estimating the effects of 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol on stochastic
population growth rate of fathead minnows: a population synthesis of
empirically derived vital rates
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Model; Fathead minnow; Pollution; Freshwater; North America; Sensitivity
analysis
ID WASTE-WATER EFFLUENT; PLATTE RIVER-BASIN; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS;
CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS; MULTIGENERATIONAL EXPOSURE; REPRODUCTIVE
DISRUPTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; FISH; DENSITY; DYNAMICS
AB Urban freshwater streams in arid climates are wastewater effluent dominated ecosystems particularly impacted by bioactive chemicals including steroid estrogens that disrupt vertebrate reproduction. However, more understanding of the population and ecological consequences of exposure to wastewater effluent is needed. We used empirically derived vital rate estimates from a mesocosm study to develop a stochastic stage-structured population model and evaluated the effect of 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2), the estrogen in human contraceptive pills, on fathead minnow Pimephales promelas stochastic population growth rate. Tested EE2 concentrations ranged from 3.2 to 10.9 ng L-1 and produced stochastic population growth rates (lambda (S) ) below 1 at the lowest concentration, indicating potential for population decline. Declines in lambda (S) compared to controls were evident in treatments that were lethal to adult males despite statistically insignificant effects on egg production and juvenile recruitment. In fact, results indicated that lambda (S) was most sensitive to the survival of juveniles and female egg production. More broadly, our results document that population model results may differ even when empirically derived estimates of vital rates are similar among experimental treatments, and demonstrate how population models integrate and project the effects of stressors throughout the life cycle. Thus, stochastic population models can more effectively evaluate the ecological consequences of experimentally derived vital rates.
C1 [Schwindt, Adam R.; Winkelman, Dana L.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 201 Wagar Hall, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Winkelman, Dana L.] Colorado State Univ, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Schwindt, AR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 201 Wagar Hall, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM ar.schwindt@gmail.com; dana.winkelman@colostate.edu
FU Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife, US EPA Region, US EPA Office of
Research and Development, NHEERL, Cincinnati, OH; Colorado Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; United States EPA [95,785,501]
FX Funding was provided by the Colorado Division of Parks and Wildlife, US
EPA Region 8, US EPA Office of Research and Development, NHEERL,
Cincinnati, OH, and the Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit. Although the research described in this publication has been
funded in part by the United States EPA through Interagency Agreement
#95,785,501 to the USGS Colorado Fish and Wildlife Cooperative Research
Unit, it has not been subject to the Agency's peer review policy and
does not necessarily reflect the views of the EPA.
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U1 10
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0963-9292
EI 1573-3017
J9 ECOTOXICOLOGY
JI Ecotoxicology
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 7
BP 1364
EP 1375
DI 10.1007/s10646-016-1688-9
PG 12
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA DS3GF
UT WOS:000380670400008
PM 27372448
ER
PT J
AU McManamay, R
Brewer, S
Jager, H
Troia, M
AF McManamay, Ryan A.
Brewer, Shannon K.
Jager, Henriette I.
Troia, Matthew J.
TI Organizing Environmental Flow Frameworks to Meet Hydropower Mitigation
Needs
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Dams; Rivers; Regulation; Policy; Environmental flow; Hydrology
ID MODIFYING DAM OPERATIONS; HYDROLOGIC ALTERATION; ECOLOGICAL RESPONSES;
RESERVOIR OPERATION; RIVER ECOSYSTEMS; FISH ASSEMBLAGE; STREAM; WATER;
HABITAT; REGIME
AB The global recognition of the importance of natural flow regimes to sustain the ecological integrity of river systems has led to increased societal pressure on the hydropower industry to change plant operations to improve downstream aquatic ecosystems. However, a complete reinstatement of natural flow regimes is often unrealistic when balancing water needs for ecosystems, energy production, and other human uses. Thus, stakeholders must identify a prioritized subset of flow prescriptions that meet ecological objectives in light of realistic constraints. Yet, isolating aspects of flow regimes to restore downstream of hydropower facilities is among the greatest challenges of environmental flow science due, in part, to the sheer volume of available environmental flow tools in conjunction with complex negotiation-based regulatory procedures. Herein, we propose an organizational framework that structures information and existing flow paradigms into a staged process that assists stakeholders in implementing environmental flows for hydropower facilities. The framework identifies areas where regulations fall short of the needed scientific process, and provide suggestions for stakeholders to ameliorate those situations through advanced preparation. We highlight the strengths of existing flow paradigms in their application to hydropower settings and suggest when and where tools are most applicable. Our suggested framework increases the effectiveness and efficiency of the e-flow implementation process by rapidly establishing a knowledge base and decreasing uncertainty so more time can be devoted to filling knowledge gaps. Lastly, the framework provides the structure for a coordinated research agenda to further the science of environmental flows related to hydropower environments.
C1 [McManamay, Ryan A.; Jager, Henriette I.; Troia, Matthew J.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,MS-6351,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Brewer, Shannon K.] Oklahoma State Univ, US Geol Survey, Oklahoma Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
RP McManamay, R (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, 1 Bethel Valley Rd,MS-6351,POB 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM mcmanamayra@ornl.gov
FU US Department of Energy [AC05-00OR22725]; Department of Energy
FX This manuscript has been authored by employees of UT-Battelle, LLC under
Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725 with the US Department of Energy. The
United States Government retains and the publisher, by accepting the
article for publication, acknowledges that the United States Government
retains a non-exclusive, paid-up, irrevocable, world-wide license to
publish or reproduce the published form of this manuscript, or allow
others to do so, for United States Government purposes. The Department
of Energy will provide public access to these results of federally
sponsored research in accordance with the DOE Public Access Plan
(http://energy.gov/downloads/doepublic-access-plan).
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U1 12
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-152X
EI 1432-1009
J9 ENVIRON MANAGE
JI Environ. Manage.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 58
IS 3
BP 365
EP 385
DI 10.1007/s00267-016-0726-y
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS3IM
UT WOS:000380676300001
PM 27344163
ER
PT J
AU Richmond, JQ
Wood, DA
Swaim, KE
Fisher, RN
Vandergast, AG
AF Richmond, Jonathan Q.
Wood, Dustin A.
Swaim, Karen E.
Fisher, Robert N.
Vandergast, Amy G.
TI Historical Habitat Barriers Prevent Ring-like Genetic Continuity
Throughout the Distribution of Threatened Alameda Striped Racers
(Coluber lateralis euryxanthus)
SO HERPETOLOGICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cluster analysis; Colubridae; Conservation; Migration models; Population
genetic structure; San Francisco Bay Area
ID APPROXIMATE BAYESIAN COMPUTATION; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA;
POPULATION-STRUCTURE; CLADISTIC-ANALYSIS; COMPUTER-PROGRAM;
GEOGRAPHICAL-DISTRIBUTION; PHENOTYPIC ASSOCIATIONS; DNA HAPLOTYPES;
MITOCHONDRIAL; DIVERSITY
AB We used microsatellites and mtDNA sequences to examine the mixed effects of geophysical, habitat, and contemporary urban barriers on the genetics of threatened Alameda Striped Racers (Coluber lateralis euryxanthus), a species with close ties to declining coastal scrub and chaparral habitat in the eastern San Francisco Bay area of California. We used cluster assignments to characterize population genetic structuring with respect to land management units and approximate Bayesian analysis to rank the ability of five alternative evolutionary hypotheses to explain the inferred structure. Then, we estimated rates of contemporary and historical migration among the major clusters and measured the fit of different historical migration models to better understand the formation of the current population structure. Our results reveal a ring-like pattern of historical connectivity around the Tri-Valley area of the East Bay (i.e., San Ramon, Amador, and Livermore valleys), with clusters largely corresponding to different management units. We found no evidence of continuous gene flow throughout the ring, however, and that the main gap in continuity is centered across the Livermore Valley. Historical migration models support higher rates of gene flow away from the terminal ends of the ring on the north and south sides of the Valley, compared with rates into those areas from western sites that border the interior San Francisco Bay. We attribute the break in ring-like connectivity to the presence of unsuitable habitat within the Livermore Valley that has been reinforced by 20th century urbanization, and the asymmetry in gene flow rates to spatial constraints on movement and east-west environmental gradients influenced by the proximity of the San Francisco Bay.
C1 [Richmond, Jonathan Q.; Wood, Dustin A.; Fisher, Robert N.; Vandergast, Amy G.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
[Swaim, Karen E.] Swaim Biological Inc, 4435 First St PMB 312, Livermore, CA 94551 USA.
RP Richmond, JQ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd,Suite 200, San Diego, CA 92106 USA.
EM jrichmond@usgs.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Science Support Program; USFWS's
Central Valley Habitat Restoration Program; USFWS's Central Valley
Habitat Restoration Project; US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission
Area; East Bay Regional Parks District
FX Funding for this project was provided by the US Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS) Science Support Program, the USFWS's Central Valley
Habitat Restoration Program, the USFWS's Central Valley Habitat
Restoration Project, and the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission
Area. We thank the East Bay Regional Parks District for land access,
permission to conduct survey work, and general support of this research.
The project benefited greatly from discussions, comments and insight by
B. Solvesky (USFWS) and R. Stoelting. We thank J. Vindum (California
Academy of Sciences) and C. Conroy (Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, U. C.
Berkeley) for assistance with museum specimens; M. Westphal (Bureau of
Land Management) and G. Pauly (Los Angeles County Museum of Natural
History) provided additional field samples. E. Stoelting, B. Solvesky,
E. Britt, A. Murphy, and four anonymous reviewers provided helpful
comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. F. Wolven provided
assistance with the genotyping at the CSUPERB microchemical core
facility at San Diego State University. Any use of trade, product,
website, or firm names in this publication is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the US government.
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U1 14
U2 14
PU HERPETOLOGISTS LEAGUE
PI EMPORIA
PA EMPORIA STATE UNIV, DIVISION BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, 1200 COMMERCIAL ST,
EMPORIA, KS 66801-5087 USA
SN 0018-0831
EI 1938-5099
J9 HERPETOLOGICA
JI Herpetologica
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 72
IS 3
BP 202
EP 213
DI 10.1655/Herpetologica-D-15-00046.S1
PG 12
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DS5QO
UT WOS:000380837500006
ER
PT J
AU Prouty, NG
Sahy, D
Ruppel, CD
Roark, EB
Condon, D
Brooke, S
Ross, SW
Demopoulos, AWJ
AF Prouty, N. G.
Sahy, D.
Ruppel, C. D.
Roark, E. B.
Condon, D.
Brooke, S.
Ross, S. W.
Demopoulos, A. W. J.
TI Insights into methane dynamics from analysis of authigenic carbonates
and chemosynthetic mussels at newly-discovered Atlantic Margin seeps
SO EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE authigenic carbonate; cold seep; AOM; chemosynthesis; mid-Atlantic
margin; isotope geochemistry
ID EEL RIVER-BASIN; FLUID-FLOW; CONTINENTAL-MARGIN; COLD-SEEP; SEA-FLOOR;
NEW-JERSEY; ENVIRONMENTAL-CONDITIONS; HYDROCARBON SEEPAGE; SUBDUCTION
ZONE; CASCADIA MARGIN
AB The recent discovery of active methane venting along the US northern and mid-Atlantic margin represents a new source of global methane not previously accounted for in carbon budgets from this region. However, uncertainty remains as to the origin and history of methane seepage along this tectonically inactive passive margin. Here we present the first isotopic analyses of authigenic carbonates and methanotrophic deep-sea mussels, Bathymodiolus sp., and the first direct constraints on the timing of past methane emission, based on samples collected at the upper slope Baltimore Canyon (similar to 385 m water depth) and deepwater Norfolk (similar to 1600 m) seep fields within the area of newly-discovered venting. The authigenic carbonates at both sites were dominated by aragonite, with an average delta C-13 signature of -47 parts per thousand, a value consistent with microbially driven anaerobic oxidation of methane-rich fluids occurring at or near the sediment-water interface. Authigenic carbonate U and Sr isotope data further support the inference of carbonate precipitation from seawater-derived fluids rather than from formation fluids from deep aquifers. Carbonate stable and radiocarbon (delta C-13 and Delta C-13) isotope values from living Bathymodiolus sp. specimens are lighter than those of seawater dissolved inorganic carbon, highlighting the influence of fossil carbon from methane on carbonate precipitation. U-Th dates on authigenic carbonates suggest seepage at Baltimore Canyon between 14.7 +/- 0.6 ka to 15.7 +/- 1.6 ka, and at the Norfolk seep field between 1.0 +/- 0.7 ka to 3.3 +/- 1.3 ka, providing constraint on the longevity of methane efflux at these sites. The age of the brecciated authigenic carbonates and the occurrence of pockmarks at the Baltimore Canyon upper slope could suggest a link between sediment delivery during Pleistocene sea-level lowstand, accumulation of pore fluid overpressure from sediment compaction, and release of overpressure through subsequent venting. Calculations show that the Baltimore Canyon site probably has not been within the gas hydrate stability zone (GHSZ) in the past 20 ka, meaning that in-situ release of methane from dissociating gas hydrate cannot be sustaining the seep. We cannot rule out updip migration of methane from dissociation of gas hydrate that occurs farther down the slope as a source of the venting at Baltimore Canyon, but consider that the history of rapid sediment accumulation and overpressure may play a more important role in methane emissions at this site. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Prouty, N. G.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Sahy, D.; Condon, D.] British Geol Survey, NERC Isotope Geosci Lab, Nicker Hill, Keyworth NG12 5GG, Notts, England.
[Ruppel, C. D.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Roark, E. B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geog, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Brooke, S.] Florida State Univ, Coastal & Marine Lab, 3618 Coastal Highway 98, St Teresa, FL 32358 USA.
[Ross, S. W.] Univ North Carolina Wilmington, Ctr Marine Sci, 5600 Marvin Moss Ln, Wilmington, NC 28409 USA.
[Demopoulos, A. W. J.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Prouty, NG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, 2885 Mission St, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
EM nprouty@usgs.gov
FU National Oceanographic Partnership Program; USGS Terrestrial,
Freshwater, and Marine Environments Program through the Outer
Continental shelf study; Coastal and Marine Geology Program; Bureau of
Ocean Energy Management (BOEM) contract [M10PC00100]; USGS-DOE
[DE-FE000291, 0023495]
FX Funding for this project (sponsored by the National Oceanographic
Partnership Program) included USGS Terrestrial, Freshwater, and Marine
Environments Program through the Outer Continental shelf study, Coastal
and Marine Geology Program, and the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management
(BOEM) contract number M10PC00100 (contracted to CSA Ocean Sciences,
Inc.). C.R. was supported by USGS-DOE Interagency Agreements DE-FE000291
and 0023495. We thank Greg Boland (BOEM) and Stephen Viada (CSA) for
support during the development of the overall project. We thank the
crews of the NOAA ships Nancy Foster and Ronald H. Brown, and Kraken H
and Jason II ROVs, provided by the NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration and
Research. We thank D. Brothers, and J. Kluesner (USGS) for helpful
discussions, K. Davis (Texas A&M), B. Harlow (WSU), I. Aiello (MLML), S.
Griffin (UCI), and P. Campbell-Swarzenski, J. Fitzpatrick, and J. Hein
(USGS) for analytical assistance, and J. Bourque and J. McClain Counts
(USGS) and M. Rhode (UNCW) for field and lab assistance. J. Hein (USGS)
and two anonymous reviewers provide valuable input. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 66
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U1 19
U2 21
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0012-821X
EI 1385-013X
J9 EARTH PLANET SC LETT
JI Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 449
BP 332
EP 344
DI 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.05.023
PG 13
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DS1XY
UT WOS:000380419700034
ER
PT J
AU Fujisaki, I
Hart, KM
Cherkiss, MS
Mazzotti, FJ
Beauchamp, JS
Jeffery, BM
Brandt, LA
AF Fujisaki, Ikuko
Hart, Kristen M.
Cherkiss, Michael S.
Mazzotti, Frank J.
Beauchamp, Jeff S.
Jeffery, Brian M.
Brandt, Laura A.
TI Spatial and Temporal Variability in Estuary Habitat Use by American
Alligators
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
DE Habitat use; Nightlight survey; Population abundance; Salinity; Size
class
ID EVERGLADES-NATIONAL-PARK; FLORIDA-EVERGLADES; SALINITY; BEHAVIOR; MODEL
AB Estuarine habitat occupied by Alligator mississippiensis, a primarily freshwater species, is spatially and temporally heterogeneous largely due to a salinity gradient that fluctuates. Using long-term night light survey data, we examined seasonal patterns in alligators' habitat use by size classes in midstream and downstream estuary zones of Shark River, Everglades National Park, in southern Florida. We observed predominantly large-sized alligators (total length a parts per thousand yen 1.75 m); observations of alligators in the small size classes (0.5 m a parts per thousand currency sign total length < 1.25 m) were rare especially in the higher-salinity downstream zone. The density of alligators in the downstream zone was lower than that of the midstream zone during the dry season when salinity increases due to reduced precipitation. Conversely, the density of the large size alligators was higher in the downstream zone than in the midstream zone during the wet season, likely because of reduced salinity. We also found a significant declining trend over time in the number of alligators in the dry season, which coincides with the reported decline in alligator relative density in southern Florida freshwater wetlands. Our results indicated high adaptability of alligators to the fluctuating habitat conditions. Use of estuaries by alligators is likely driven in part by physiology and possibly by reproductive cycle, and our results supported their opportunistic use of estuary habitat and ontogenetic niche shifts.
C1 [Fujisaki, Ikuko; Mazzotti, Frank J.; Beauchamp, Jeff S.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Hart, Kristen M.; Cherkiss, Michael S.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Jeffery, Brian M.] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Brandt, Laura A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Davie, FL USA.
RP Fujisaki, I (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
EM ikuko@ufl.edu
FU US Army Corps of Engineers; South Florida Water Management District
Restoration Coordination and Verification Monitoring and Assessment
Plan; US Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Science program;
Department of Interior Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative; National
Park Service (Everglades National Park) through the South Florida;
Caribbean Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit
FX We acknowledge that K Rice made important contributions to initiate and
continue this survey program. We are grateful to G Blakmore, J Brien, M
Brien, R Crespo, M Denton, E Larrivee, M Parry, M Squires, and S
Williams who conducted the surveys. Coordinates for the estuary zone
boundary were provided by A Rosenblatt. This study was funded by the US
Army Corps of Engineers and South Florida Water Management District
Restoration Coordination and Verification Monitoring and Assessment
Plan, the US Geological Survey Priority Ecosystems Science program, the
Department of Interior Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative, and
National Park Service (Everglades National Park) through the South
Florida and Caribbean Cooperative Ecosystem Studies Unit. The use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US government. The views expressed here do
not necessarily represent the views of the US Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 32
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U1 7
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
EI 1559-2731
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 39
IS 5
BP 1561
EP 1569
DI 10.1007/s12237-016-0084-2
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DS0EO
UT WOS:000380268400019
ER
PT J
AU Culver, SJ
Farrell, KM
Mallinson, DJ
Willard, DA
Horton, BP
Riggs, SR
Thieler, ER
Wehmiller, JF
Parham, PR
Moore, JP
Snyder, SW
Hillier, C
AF Culver, Stephen J.
Farrell, Kathleen M.
Mallinson, David J.
Willard, Debra A.
Horton, Benjamin P.
Riggs, Stanley R.
Thieler, E. Robert
Wehmiller, John F.
Parham, Peter R.
Moore, Jessica Pierson
Snyder, Scott W.
Hillier, Caroline
TI Micropaleontologic record of Pliocene and Quaternary paleoenvironments
in the southern Albemarle Embayment, North Carolina, USA
SO PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Foraminifera; Diatoms; Pollen; Paleoenvironments; Pleistocene; Holocene
ID ATLANTIC COASTAL-PLAIN; RECENT ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; EASTERN
UNITED-STATES; SEA-LEVEL; BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA; HOLOCENE CLIMATE; LATE
PLEISTOCENE; PAMLICO SOUND; HISTORY; SHELF
AB The Albemarle Embayment, a Cenozoic depositional basin on the Atlantic coast of the USA, is an ideal setting to understand the temporal and spatial variation of eustatic sea-level fluctuations, glacio-hydro-isostasy, tectonics, subsidence, environments and sedimentation patterns of a passive margin Quaternary section. A NE SW transect of cores and seismic data in the southern Albemarle Embayment were analyzed using micropaleontologic (foraminifera, diatoms, pollen), sedimentologic, stratigraphic, and geochronologic data to reconstruct the paleoenvironmental evolution and paleoclimates in the nearly 90 m thick Quaternary section. The study area is a very low gradient Quaternary landscape that is cross-cut by several Pleistocene incised valleys; a Holocene barrier island complex forms its eastern margin. In the subsurface, the Albemarle Embayment is bordered to the north by the Norfolk Arch and to the south by the depositionally-constructed Cape Lookout High, which is positioned on the northern flank of the structural Carolina Platform.
The Quaternary section overlies mid-Pliocene carbonates in three cores; the contact rises in elevation towards the Cape Lookout High. Fossils and sediment characteristics suggest a subtropical, shallow, high energy marine environment during the Pliocene. Overlying units include incomplete Pleistocene, clastic, transgressive-regressive (T-R) deposits. These have similar ages and stratigraphic signatures as the T-R cycles in the central and north-central Albemarle Embayment, although mid-Pleistocene deposits may be older in the southern region. The bulk of the early and mid-Pleistocene record consists of inner to mid-shelf sand and muddy sand. In contrast, late Pleistocene sands are of inner shelf origin, reflecting the infilling of the basin. Lowstand paleovalleys, with fluvial, wetland and estuarine fill, dissect the early, mid- and late Pleistocene marine units; their locations reflect antecedent topography. Holocene sediments were deposited in shoreface and barrier island environments. Quaternary foraminiferal assemblages in the southern Albemarle Embayment exhibit greater species richness than those in the central and north-central embayment reflecting the presence of a major biogeographic boundary at the same location as the modern biogeographic boundary at Cape Hatteras. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Culver, Stephen J.; Mallinson, David J.; Riggs, Stanley R.; Snyder, Scott W.] East Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Graham Rm 101, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
[Farrell, Kathleen M.] North Carolina Geol Survey, Coastal Plain Off & Core Repository, MSC 1620, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA.
[Willard, Debra A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Ctr 926A, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Marine & Coastal Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Parham, Peter R.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Div Earth Sci, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Parham, Peter R.] Nanyang Technol Univ, Earth Observ Singapore, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
[Thieler, E. Robert] US Geol Survey, Coastal & Marine Geol Program, 384 Woods Hole Rd, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Wehmiller, John F.] Univ Delaware, Dept Geol Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA.
[Horton, Benjamin P.] Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia, Southeast Asia Disaster Prevent Res Initiat SEADP, Bangi 43600, Malaysia.
[Moore, Jessica Pierson] West Virginia Geol Survey, 1 Mt Chateau Rd, Morgantown, WV 26508 USA.
[Hillier, Caroline] Argus Ecol Ltd, Durham DH97XN, England.
RP Culver, SJ (reprint author), East Carolina Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Graham Rm 101, Greenville, NC 27858 USA.
EM culvers@ecu.edu
FU NSF [OCE-9807266, OCE 1130843, EAR-1402017, EAR-1322742]; USGS Climate
Research & Development Program; [02ERAG0044]; [O2ERAG0050];
[01CRAG0015]
FX We thank Kenneth B. Taylor, State Geologist of North Carolina for
encouraging interdisciplinary research and providing workspace for core
review and archiving. We thank D.R. Corbett, I. Abbene, C.W. Hoffman, D.
Merritt, B. Landacre, C. Grand Pre, A. Kemp, J. Smith, M. Robertson, J.
Roberts, J. Jomp, J. Foley, J. Ricardo, R. Pruitt and T. Sheehan for
their help and support. M.A. Buzas and J. Jett provided access to the
Cushman Collection of foraminifera, Smithsonian Institution and J.
Whittaker and C. Jones to the foraminiferal collections in The Natural
History Museum, London. Reviews from Stephen Gallagher, Jason Chaytor
and an anonymous reviewer were very useful. This research is part of the
North Carolina Coastal Geology Cooperative Program (NCCGC). Funding for
the USGS cooperative agreement awards 02ERAG0044, O2ERAG0050, and
01CRAG0015 and for NSF Cooperative agreement awards OCE-9807266, OCE
1130843, EAR-1402017 and EAR-1322742 is gratefully acknowledged, as is
funding from the USGS Climate Research & Development Program.
NR 81
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U1 6
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0031-0182
EI 1872-616X
J9 PALAEOGEOGR PALAEOCL
JI Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 457
BP 360
EP 379
DI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.05.017
PG 20
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Paleontology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Paleontology
GA DS2KQ
UT WOS:000380598800029
ER
PT J
AU Margolis, EQ
Malevich, SB
AF Margolis, Ellis Q.
Malevich, Steven B.
TI Historical dominance of low-severity fire in dry and wet mixed-conifer
forest habitats of the endangered terrestrial Jemez Mountains salamander
(Plethodon neomexicanus)
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Dendroecology; Douglas-fir; Fire history; Fire-climate relationships;
Mixed-severity fire regime; Endangered species
ID PONDEROSA PINE FORESTS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; COLORADO-FRONT-RANGE;
SAN-JUAN MOUNTAINS; NEW-MEXICO; ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION; KLAMATH
MOUNTAINS; CENTRAL OREGON; SIERRA-NEVADA; NATIONAL-PARK
AB Anthropogenic alteration of ecosystem processes confounds forest management and conservation of rare, declining species. Restoration of forest structure and fire hazard reduction are central goals of forest management policy in the western United States, but restoration priorities and treatments have become increasingly contentious. Numerous studies have documented changes in fire regimes, forest stand structure and species composition following a century of fire exclusion in dry, frequent-fire forests of the western U.S. (e.g., ponderosa pine and dry mixed-conifer). In contrast, wet mixed-conifer forests are thought to have historically burned infrequently with mixed- or high-severity fire-resulting in reduced impacts from fire exclusion and low restoration need-but data are limited. In this study we quantified the current forest habitat of the federally endangered, terrestrial Jemez Mountains salamander (Plethodon neomexicanus) and compared it to dendroecological reconstructions of historical habitat (e.g., stand structure and composition), and fire regime parameters along a gradient from upper ponderosa pine to wet mixed-conifer forests. We found that current fire-free intervals in Jemez Mountains salamander habitat (116-165 years) are significantly longer than historical intervals, even in wet mixed-conifer forests. Historical mean fire intervals ranged from 10 to 42 years along the forest gradient. Low-severity fires were historically dominant across all forest types (92 of 102 fires). Although some mixed- or high-severity fire historically occurred at 67% of the plots over the last four centuries, complete mortality within 1.0 ha plots was rare, and asynchronous within and among sites. Climate was an important driver of temporal variability in fire severity, such that mixed- and high-severity fires were associated with more extreme drought than low-severity fires. Tree density in dry conifer forests historically ranged from open (90 trees ha(-1)) to moderately dense (400 trees ha(-1)), but has doubled on average since fire exclusion. Infill of fire-sensitive tree species has contributed to the conversion of historically dry mixed conifer to wet mixed-conifer forest. We conclude that low-severity fire, which has been absent for over a century, was a critical ecosystem process across the forest gradient in Jemez Mountains salamander habitat, and thus is an important element of ecosystem restoration, resilience, and rare species recovery. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Margolis, Ellis Q.; Malevich, Steven B.] Univ Arizona, Tree Ring Res Lab, 1215 E Lowell St,Box 210045, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Margolis, EQ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Jemez Mt Field Stn, 301 Dinosaur Trail, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA.
EM emargolis@usgs.gov
FU Nature Conservancy through USFS Collaborative Forest Restoration Program
Grant [27-10]; University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research;
New Mexico Forest and Watershed Restoration Institute; Santa Fe National
Forest; Bandelier National Monument; USGS Jemez Mountains Field Station
FX Funding and support provided by The Nature Conservancy through USFS
Collaborative Forest Restoration Program Grant 27-10. Additional support
provided by the University of Arizona Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research,
New Mexico Forest and Watershed Restoration Institute, Santa Fe National
Forest, Bandelier National Monument, and the USGS Jemez Mountains Field
Station. We are grateful for field and lab help, discussions, and
comments from T. W. Swetnam, E.K. Heyerdahl, K. Reid, A. Bradley, D.
Gori, C. Jones, C. Haffey, C. Baisan, D. Falk, A. Zavelle, J. Minor, K.
Beeley, M. Christman, and B. Schippers. Comments from C.D. Allen, C.A.
Farris, C.H. Guiterman, C. Haffey, J.M. Iniquez, and three anonymous
reviewers improved the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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U1 18
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 375
BP 12
EP 26
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.011
PG 15
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA DR4QI
UT WOS:000379886900002
ER
PT J
AU Liang, L
Hawbaker, TJ
Zhu, ZL
Li, XC
Gong, P
AF Liang, Lu
Hawbaker, Todd J.
Zhu, Zhiliang
Li, Xuecao
Gong, Peng
TI Forest disturbance interactions and successional pathways in the
Southern Rocky Mountains
SO FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Landsat; Fire; Mountain pine beetle; Time series; Disturbance; Recovery
ID PINE-BEETLE OUTBREAKS; WESTERN UNITED-STATES; POSTFIRE TREE
REGENERATION; YELLOWSTONE-NATIONAL-PARK; DOUGLAS-FIR FORESTS; SUB-ALPINE
FORESTS; BARK BEETLE; LODGEPOLE PINE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DETECTING TRENDS
AB The pine forests in the southern portion of the Rocky Mountains are a heterogeneous mosaic of disturbance and recovery. The most extensive and intensive stress and mortality are received from human activity, fire, and mountain pine beetles (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae). Understanding disturbance interactions and disturbance-succession pathways are crucial for adapting management strategies to mitigate their impacts and anticipate future ecosystem change. Driven by this goal, we assessed the forest disturbance and recovery history in the Southern Rocky Mountains Ecoregion using a 13-year time series of Landsat image stacks. An automated classification workflow that integrates temporal segmentation techniques and a random forest classifier was used to examine disturbance patterns. To enhance efficiency in selecting representative samples at the ecoregion scale, a new sampling strategy that takes advantage of the scene-overlap among adjacent Landsat images was designed. The segment-based assessment revealed that the overall accuracy for all 14 scenes varied from 73.6% to 92.5%, with a mean of 83.1%. A design-based inference indicated the average producer's and user's accuracies for MPB mortality were 85.4% and 82.5% respectively. We found that burn severity was largely unrelated to the severity of pre-fire beetle outbreaks in this region, where the severity of post-fire beetle outbreaks generally decreased in relation to burn severity. Approximately half the clear-cut and burned areas were in various stages of recovery, but the regeneration rate was much slower for MPB-disturbed sites. Pre-fire beetle outbreaks and subsequent fire produced positive compound effects on seedling reestablishment in this ecoregion. Taken together, these results emphasize that although multiple disturbances do play a role in the resilience mechanism of the serotinous lodgepole pine, the overall recovery could be slow due to the vast area of beetle mortality. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Liang, Lu] Univ Arkansas, Arkansas Forest Resources Ctr, Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, Div Agr, Monticello, AR USA.
[Liang, Lu; Gong, Peng] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA USA.
[Hawbaker, Todd J.] US Geol Survey, POB 25046,DFC,MS 980, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Zhu, Zhiliang] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Li, Xuecao; Gong, Peng] Tsinghua Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, Key Lab Earth Syst Modeling, Minist Educ, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
RP Liang, L (reprint author), Sch Forestry & Nat Resources, 110 Univ Court, Monticello, AR 71656 USA.
EM liang@uamont.edu
OI li, xuecao/0000-0002-6942-0746
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Climate and Land Use Mission Area [G12AC20085];
USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, McIntire Stennis;
Capacity project [1009317]
FX We are grateful to the U.S. Geological Survey, Climate and Land Use
Mission Area, for providing funding to support this research (grant
number G12AC20085). This work was also supported, by the USDA National
Institute of Food and Agriculture, McIntire Stennis. Capacity project
(1009317). Two anonymous reviewers and, Benjamin Sleeter, Eugene Ellis,
and Janet Slate provided insightful comments on a previous draft of this
manuscript and their comments helped greatly to improve the completeness
and clarity of the manuscript. Any use of trade, firm, or product names
is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the
U.S. Government.
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U1 19
U2 47
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 375
BP 35
EP 45
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.05.010
PG 11
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA DR4QI
UT WOS:000379886900004
ER
PT J
AU Benato, S
Hickman, S
Davatzes, NC
Taron, J
Spielman, P
Elsworth, D
Majer, EL
Boyle, K
AF Benato, Stefano
Hickman, Stephen
Davatzes, Nicholas C.
Taron, Joshua
Spielman, Paul
Elsworth, Derek
Majer, Ernest L.
Boyle, Katie
TI Conceptual model and numerical analysis of the Desert Peak EGS project:
Reservoir response to the shallow medium flow-rate hydraulic stimulation
phase
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Desert Peak; Enhanced geothermal systems; Reservoir stimulation
modeling; Induced seismicity
ID ENHANCED GEOTHERMAL SYSTEM; CALIFORNIA; GEYSERS; MICROSEISMICITY;
PERMEABILITY; SEISMICITY; INJECTIONS; ROCKS
AB A series of stimulation treatments were performed as part of the Engineered Geothermal System (EGS) experiment in the shallow open-hole section of Desert Peak well 27-15 (September 2010-November 2012). These injections at variable wellhead pressures, both below and above the magnitude of the least horizontal principal stress (S-hmin), produced injectivity gains consistent with hydraulically induced mechanical shear and tensile failure in the surrounding rock. A conceptual framework for the overall Desert Peak EGS experiment is developed and tested based on a synthesis of available structural and geological data. These data include down-hole fracture attributes, in situ stress conditions, pressure interference tests, geochemical tracer studies, and observed induced seismicity. Induced seismicity plays a key role in identifying the geometry of large-scale geological structures that could potentially serve as preferential flow paths during some of the stimulation phases. The numerical code FLAC3D is implemented to simulate the reservoir response to hydraulic stimulation and to investigate in situ conditions conducive to both tensile and shear failure. Results from the numerical analysis show that conditions for shear failure could have occurred along fractures associated with a large northeast-trending normal fault structure located similar to 400 m below the injection interval which coincides with the locations of most of the observed micro-seismicity. This structure may also provide a hydrologic connection between EGS well 27-15 and injection/production wells further to the south-southwest. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Benato, Stefano] Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Hickman, Stephen; Taron, Joshua] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Davatzes, Nicholas C.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Spielman, Paul] Ormat Nevada Inc, Reno, NV 89511 USA.
[Elsworth, Derek] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Boyle, Katie] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Benato, S (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM stefano.benato@gmail.com
FU Desert Research Institute through a DHS fund; Great Basin Center for
Geothermal Energy under a Geothermal Technology Program (GTP) Faculty
Seed Grant; Ormat Technologies, Inc.; Itasca Education Partnership
program
FX This work was supported by the Desert Research Institute through a DHS
fund, by the Great Basin Center for Geothermal Energy under a Geothermal
Technology Program (GTP) Faculty Seed Grant, by Ormat Technologies,
Inc., and by the Itasca Education Partnership program. The first author
wishes to acknowledge Prof. Jim Faulds, Prof. Greg Pohll and Dr. Jonny
Rutqvist for their comments/feedback while reviewing the document.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
EI 1879-3576
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 63
SI SI
BP 139
EP 156
DI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2015.06.008
PG 18
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA DR0XT
UT WOS:000379630900011
ER
PT J
AU Benato, S
Taron, J
AF Benato, Stefano
Taron, Joshua
TI Desert Peak EGS: Mechanisms influencing permeability evolution
investigated using dual-porosity simulator TFReact
SO GEOTHERMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Desert Peak; Enhanced Geothermal Systems; THMC; Permeability evolution;
Hydraulic stimulation modeling
ID NATURALLY FRACTURED RESERVOIRS; GEOTHERMAL-RESERVOIRS; FLUID INJECTION;
ROCK; MICROSEISMICITY; FRICTION; SHEAR; CALIFORNIA; STIFFNESS; BEHAVIOR
AB The reservoir response associated with selected phases of the hydraulic stimulation conducted as part of the 2010-2013 Desert Peak Enhanced Geothermal System (EGS) project was investigated using the dual porosity numerical simulator TFReact. The code couples the solid mechanics (M) analyses of FLAC3D with the multiphase, non-isothermal and reactive capabilities (THC) of TOUGHREACT, and allows for a comprehensive investigation of the major thermal-hydraulic-mechanical-chemical (THMC) physical processes occurring in deep, tight rock masses subject to circulation of pressurized fluids. Numerical simulations were performed to determine: (a) pore pressure diffusion and stress field modifications, (b) development of mechanical deformation, and, above all, (c) relative impact of tensile vs. shear deformation on the evolution of the reservoir permeability. A three-well reservoir model was implemented to account for the combined influence of concurrent injection in wells 27-15 (EGS well), 22-22 and 21-2 (active injectors). This study simulated selected stimulation treatments carried out from 914 to 1067 m depth (shallow stimulation interval) and from 914 to 1771 m depth (extended stimulation interval). Alternative hydraulic stimulation schemes/scenarios (by assuming diverse varying injectate properties and injection durations) were modeled over the two stimulation intervals to test if and how the final permeability could have been further improved. Simulated permeability modifications appear to be predominantly governed by thermo-hydro-mechanical dilation (elastic) during stimulation of the shallow interval and by hydro-mechanical deformation (inelastic shear) during stimulation of the extended interval. Inelastic shear deformation delivers higher permeability gains, and in the shortest time, when hydraulically conductive and well-oriented features are targeted with the stimulation treatment. TFReact simulations combined with a detailed site conceptualization and microseismicity interpretation, provide further understanding of injection-induced mechanisms. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Benato, Stefano] Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
[Taron, Joshua] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Benato, S (reprint author), Desert Res Inst, Div Hydrol Sci, Reno, NV 89512 USA.
EM stefano.benato@gmail.com
FU Desert Research Institute through a DHS fund; Itasca Education
Partnership (IEP)
FX This work was supported by the Desert Research Institute through a DHS
fund and by the Itasca Education Partnership (IEP). The first author
wishes to acknowledge Gan Quan and Prof. Derek Elsworth for assisting
with the TFReact mass flow rate implementation/function, as well as
Prof. Greg Pohll, Dr. Marcelo Lippmann and Belinda Poli for providing
comments/feedback while reviewing the document.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0375-6505
EI 1879-3576
J9 GEOTHERMICS
JI Geothermics
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 63
SI SI
BP 157
EP 181
DI 10.1016/j.geothermics.2016.01.002
PG 25
WC Energy & Fuels; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Energy & Fuels; Geology
GA DR0XT
UT WOS:000379630900012
ER
PT J
AU Fujisaki, I
Lamont, MM
AF Fujisaki, Ikuko
Lamont, Margaret M.
TI The effects of large beach debris on nesting sea turtles
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Beach debris; False crawl; Habitat restoration; Nesting; Sea turtle
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; CARETTA-CARETTA; LOGGERHEAD TURTLES; MARINE DEBRIS;
MANAGEMENT; ISLAND
AB A field experiment was conducted to understand the effects of large beach debris on sea turtle nesting behavior as well as the effectiveness of large debris removal for habitat restoration. Large natural and anthropogenic debris were removed from one of three sections of a sea turtle nesting beach and distributions of nests and false crawls (non-nesting crawls) in pre- (2011-2012) and post- (2013-2014) removal years in the three sections were compared. The number of nests increased 200% and the number of false crawls increased 55% in the experimental section, whereas a corresponding increase in number of nests and false crawls was not observed in the other two sections where debris removal was not conducted. The proportion of nest and false crawl abundance in all three beach sections was significantly different between pre- and post-removal years. The nesting success, the percent of successful nests in total nesting attempts (number of nests + false crawls), also increased from 24% to 38%; however the magnitude of the increase was comparably small because both the number of nests and false crawls increased, and thus the proportion of the nesting success in the experimental beach in pre- and post-removal years was not significantly different. The substantial increase in sea turtle nesting activities after the removal of large debris indicates that large debris may have an adverse impact on sea turtle nesting behavior. Removal of large debris could be an effective restoration strategy to improve sea turtle nesting. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Fujisaki, Ikuko] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Lamont, Margaret M.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Fujisaki, I (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM ikuko@ufl.edu
FU NOAA's Marine Debris program [NA12NMF6430070]
FX Authors are grateful for Melanie Gang, Meg Goecker, Laurie Rounds,
Kimberly Albins, and Tom Barry with National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration (NOAA) for their advice in conducting the large debris
removal. Carri Herring with NOAA provided an insightful review to
improve the manuscript. Eglin Air Force Base and contractors provided
personnel and logistical support for large debris removal, and the Eglin
Natural Resources Branch provided long-term support for sea turtle
nesting surveys. Authors thank Brail Stephens, Caitlin Hackett, Amanda
Vazquez, Phillip Rodgers, and Garret Alver for field data collection and
Daniel Cardona for assisting in the GIS work. This study was funded by
NOAA's Marine Debris program (NA12NMF6430070). Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
EI 1879-1697
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 482
BP 33
EP 37
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2016.04.005
PG 5
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ7EW
UT WOS:000379370700004
ER
PT J
AU Carey, MP
Sethi, SA
Larsen, SJ
Rich, CF
AF Carey, Michael P.
Sethi, Suresh A.
Larsen, Sabrina J.
Rich, Cecil F.
TI A primer on potential impacts, management priorities, and future
directions for Elodea spp. in high latitude systems: learning from the
Alaskan experience
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Review
DE Elodea; Invasive species; Fish performance; Freshwater food webs;
Management priorities
ID FRESH-WATER PLANTS; PIKE ESOX-LUCIUS; H. ST-JOHN; MYRIOPHYLLUM-SPICATUM;
BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS; NEW-ZEALAND; CANADENSIS MICHX; SUBMERGED
MACROPHYTES; SPATIAL-PATTERN; AQUATIC PLANTS
AB Invasive species introductions in Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems are growing as climate change manifests and human activity increases in high latitudes. The aquatic plants of the genus Elodea are potential invaders to Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems circumpolar and at least one species is already established in Alaska, USA. To illustrate the problems of preventing, eradicating, containing, and mitigating aquatic, invasive plants in Arctic and Subarctic ecosystems, we review the invasion dynamics of Elodea and provide recommendations for research and management efforts in Alaska. Foremost, we conclude the remoteness of Arctic and Subarctic systems such as Alaska is no longer a protective attribute against invasions, as transportation pathways now reach throughout these regions. Rather, high costs of operating in remote Arctic and Subarctic systems hinders detection of infestations and limits eradication or mitigation, emphasizing management priorities of prevention and containment of aquatic plant invaders in Alaska and other Arctic and Subarctic systems.
C1 [Carey, Michael P.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Sethi, Suresh A.; Rich, Cecil F.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Fisheries & Ecol Serv Div, 1011 East Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Sethi, Suresh A.; Larsen, Sabrina J.] Alaska Pacific Univ, Fisheries Aquat Sci & Technol Lab, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Sethi, Suresh A.] Cornell Univ, US Geol Survey, New York Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Larsen, Sabrina J.] Alaska Dept Fish & Game, Div Commercial Fisheries, 1255 W 8th St, Juneau, AK 99811 USA.
[Rich, Cecil F.] US Forest Serv, Santa Fe Natl Forest, 11 Forest Ln, Santa Fe, NM 87508 USA.
RP Carey, MP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
EM mcarey@usgs.gov
NR 114
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U1 11
U2 27
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
EI 1573-5117
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 777
IS 1
BP 1
EP 19
DI 10.1007/s10750-016-2767-x
PG 19
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ2GG
UT WOS:000379019900001
ER
PT J
AU Gutierre, SMM
Schofield, PJ
Prodocimo, V
AF Gutierre, Silvia M. M.
Schofield, Pamela J.
Prodocimo, Viviane
TI Salinity and temperature tolerance of an emergent alien species, the
Amazon fish Astronotus ocellatus
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Cichlidae; Survival tests; Tolerance; Non-native species; Oscar
ID FRESH-WATER FISHES; OREOCHROMIS-MOSSAMBICUS; MOZAMBIQUE TILAPIA; HYPOXIA
TOLERANCE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NILE TILAPIA; FLORIDA; SIZE; NILOTICUS;
INVASION
AB Astronotus ocellatus (oscar), is native to the Amazon basin and, although it has been introduced to many countries, little is known regarding its tolerances for salinity and temperature. In this report, we provide data on the tolerance of A. ocellatus to abrupt and gradual changes in salinity, its high and low temperature tolerance, and information on how salinity, temperature, and fish size interact to affect survival. Fish were able to survive abrupt transfer to salinities as high as 16 ppt with no mortality. When salinity change was gradual (2 ppt/day), fish in the warm-temperature experiment (28A degrees C) survived longer than fish in the cool-temperature experiment (18A degrees C). Larger fish survived longer than smaller ones at the higher salinities when the temperature was warm, but when the temperature was cool fish size had little effect on survival. In the temperature-tolerance experiments, fish survived from 9 to 41A degrees C for short periods of time. Overall, the species showed a wide range of temperature and salinity tolerance. Thus, in spite of the tropical freshwater origin of this species, physiological stress is not likely to hinder its dispersal to brackish waters, especially when temperatures are warm.
C1 [Gutierre, Silvia M. M.; Prodocimo, Viviane] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Fisiol, Ctr Politecn, Setor Ciencias Biol, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
[Schofield, Pamela J.] US Geol Survey, 7920 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
RP Gutierre, SMM (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Dept Fisiol, Ctr Politecn, Setor Ciencias Biol, BR-81531990 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil.
EM sil.m.gutierre@gmail.com
FU US Geological Survey; Invasive Species Program; Southeast Ecological
Science Center; CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de
Nivel Superior)
FX We thank J. Schulte and D. Pecora for laboratory assistance. S. Ruessler
and W. Hyde assisted with laboratory facilities. W. Loftus and S. Walsh
kindly read an earlier version of the manuscript. This study was support
by the US Geological Survey, Invasive Species Program and the Southeast
Ecological Science Center. Also we thank CAPES (Coordenacao de
Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior) for financial support. All
procedures were in compliance with IACUC (Institutional Animal Care and
Use Committee) regulations (approved protocol USGS/SESC 2014-03). Any
use of trade, product or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
EI 1573-5117
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 777
IS 1
BP 21
EP 31
DI 10.1007/s10750-016-2740-8
PG 11
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ2GG
UT WOS:000379019900002
ER
PT J
AU Langer, TA
Murry, BA
Pangle, KL
Uzarski, DG
AF Langer, Thomas A.
Murry, Brent A.
Pangle, Kevin L.
Uzarski, Donald G.
TI Species turnover drives beta-diversity patterns across multiple spatial
and temporal scales in Great Lake Coastal Wetland Communities
SO HYDROBIOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE Species turnover; beta Diversity; Biodiversity; Wetlands; Fish;
Macroinvertebrates
ID BIODIVERSITY LOSS; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; RICHNESS; ECOLOGY; CLIMATE; FISHES;
MACROINVERTEBRATES; DISSIMILARITY; NESTEDNESS; EXTINCTION
AB beta dissimilarity indices have described community variation occurring from unique structuring processes: species turnover and nestedness. However, the importance of scale definition remains critical and challenging during beta assessments with a need for simultaneous spatial and temporal assessment to determine ecological phenomena governing biological communities. We aim to examine the contribution of turnover and nestedness structuring processes across multiple spatial and temporal scales to demonstrate the importance of scale consideration in beta assessments. Using a site-to-basin-wide spatiotemporal hierarchical design, we examined diversity patterns, testing spatial, and temporal facets of beta diversity structuring Laurentian Great Lake coastal wetland fish and macroinvertebrate communities from 2000 to 2012. Both fish and macroinvertebrate communities were analyzed using beta dissimilarity indices under the same hierarchical design. Results indicated strong spatial and temporal turnover structuring with increasing beta diversity and community turnover as scale localized. We suggest that high turnover is the result of inhospitable winter conditions followed by random re-colonization events in the spring. With relatively unique communities across space and time, biodiversity-oriented management of coastal wetlands should consider an all-inclusive approach as biodiversity hotspots are not apparent.
C1 [Langer, Thomas A.; Murry, Brent A.; Pangle, Kevin L.; Uzarski, Donald G.] Cent Michigan Univ, Beaver Isl Biol Stn, Inst Great Lakes Res, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Langer, Thomas A.; Murry, Brent A.; Pangle, Kevin L.; Uzarski, Donald G.] Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Biol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA.
[Langer, Thomas A.] Wenck Associates Inc, 7500 Olson Mem Highway,Suite 300, Golden Valley, MN 55427 USA.
[Murry, Brent A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Caribbean Landscape Conservat Cooperat, Rio Piedras, PR 00926 USA.
RP Langer, TA (reprint author), Wenck Associates Inc, 7500 Olson Mem Highway,Suite 300, Golden Valley, MN 55427 USA.
EM tlanger@wenck.com; brent_murry@fws.gov; pangl1k@cmich.edu;
uzars1dg@cmich.edu
FU Great Lakes National Program Office under the United States
Environmental Protection Agency [GL-00E00612-0]; United States
Environmental Protection Agency
FX Funding for this work was provided by the Great Lakes National Program
Office under the United States Environmental Protection Agency; Grant
number GL-00E00612-0. This is contribution 71 of the Central Michigan
University Institute for Great Lakes Research. Although the research
described in this work has been partly funded by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency, it has not been subjected to the
agency's required peer and policy review and therefore does not
necessarily reflect the views of the agency and no official endorsement
should be inferred. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We would like to thank the entire Great
Lakes Coastal Wetland Monitoring group.
NR 47
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PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0018-8158
EI 1573-5117
J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA
JI Hydrobiologia
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 777
IS 1
BP 55
EP 66
DI 10.1007/s10750-016-2762-2
PG 12
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DQ2GG
UT WOS:000379019900004
ER
PT J
AU Beland, M
Roberts, DA
Peterson, SH
Biggs, TW
Kokaly, RF
Piazza, S
Roth, KL
Khanna, S
Ustin, SL
AF Beland, Michael
Roberts, Dar A.
Peterson, Seth H.
Biggs, Trent W.
Kokaly, Raymond F.
Piazza, Sarai
Roth, Keely L.
Khanna, Shruti
Ustin, Susan L.
TI Mapping changing distributions of dominant species in oil-contaminated
salt marshes of Louisiana using imaging spectroscopy
SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE AVIRIS; Deepwater Horizon; Oil spills; Image classification; Dominant
species mapping; Salt marsh vegetation; Canonical discriminant analysis;
Hyperspectral remote sensing
ID SPECTRAL MIXTURE ANALYSIS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; CANONICAL
DISCRIMINANT-ANALYSIS; REMOTE-SENSING IMAGERY; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA;
CRUDE-OIL; ENDMEMBER VARIABILITY; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGERY; FUNCTIONAL
TYPES; VEGETATION TYPES
AB The April 2010 Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill was the largest coastal spill in U.S. history. Monitoring subsequent change in marsh plant community distributions is critical to assess ecosystem impacts and to establish future coastal management priorities. Strategically deployed airborne imaging spectrometers, like the Airborne Visible/Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS), offer the spectral and spatial resolution needed to differentiate plant species. However, obtaining satisfactory and consistent classification accuracies over time is a major challenge, particularly in dynamic intertidal landscapes.
Here, we develop and evaluate an image classification system for a time series of AVIRIS data for mapping dominant species in a heavily oiled salt marsh ecosystem. Using field-referenced image endmembers and canonical discriminant analysis (CDA), we classified 21 AVIRIS images acquired during the fall of 2010, 2011 and 2012. Classification results were evaluated using ground surveys that were conducted contemporaneously to AVIRIS collection dates. We analyzed changes in dominant species cover from 2010 to 2012 for oiled and non-oiled shorelines.
CDA discriminated dominant species with a high level of accuracy (overall accuracy = 82%, kappa = 0.78) and consistency over three imaging dates (overall(2010) = 82%, overall(2011) = 82%, overall(2012) = 88%). Marshes dominated by Spartina alterniflora were the most spatially abundant in shoreline zones (<= 28 m from shore) for all three dates (2010 = 79%, 2011 = 61%, 2012 = 63%), followed by Juncus roemerianus (2010 = 11%, 2011 = 19%, 2012 = 17%) and Distichlis spicata (2010 = 4%, 2011 = 10%, 2012 = 7%).
Marshes that were heavily contaminated with oil exhibited variable responses from 2010 to 2012. Marsh vegetation classes converted to a subtidal, open water class along oiled and non-oiled shorelines that were similarly situated in the landscape. However, marsh loss along oil-contaminated shorelines doubled that of non-oiled shorelines. Only S. alterniflora dominated marshes were extensively degraded, losing 15% (354,604 m(2)) cover in oiled shoreline zones, suggesting that S. alterniflora marshes may be more vulnerable to shoreline erosion following hydrocarbon stress, due to their landscape position. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Beland, Michael; Biggs, Trent W.] San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
[Beland, Michael; Roberts, Dar A.; Peterson, Seth H.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Geog, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA.
[Kokaly, Raymond F.] US Geol Survey, MS 973,Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Piazza, Sarai] US Geol Survey, Livestock Show Off, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Roth, Keely L.; Khanna, Shruti; Ustin, Susan L.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Land Air & Water Resources, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Beland, M (reprint author), San Diego State Univ, Dept Geog, San Diego, CA 92182 USA.
EM mbeland@rohan.sdsu.edu
FU NSF grant (NSF RAPID) [1058134]; NASA Earth and Space Sciences
Fellowship [13-EARTH13F-0052]
FX We thank the NASA AVIRIS team for their efforts in collecting and
preprocessing the large volume of data that made this and other post
spill studies possible. Gregg Swayze and Greg Steyer of the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) for their contribution in field spectroscopy
data collection. Brett Patton, Michael Bell, Brady Couvillion and the
USGS team for their assistance in locating sampling sites, species
identification and for supplying the survey data used in map validation.
This research was partially supported by a NSF grant (NSF RAPID grant #
1058134 "Analysis of NASA's Advanced Visible Infrared Imaging
Spectrometer data acquired over multiple dates and flightlines along the
northern Gulf coastline, including barrier islands," Principal
Investigator S. Ustin) and by a NASA Earth and Space Sciences Fellowship
(13-EARTH13F-0052).
NR 77
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U1 18
U2 58
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0034-4257
EI 1879-0704
J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON
JI Remote Sens. Environ.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 182
BP 192
EP 207
DI 10.1016/j.rse.2016.04.024
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DQ3HP
UT WOS:000379093700015
ER
PT J
AU Templar, HA
Dila, DK
Bootsma, MJ
Corsi, SR
McLellan, SL
AF Templar, Hayley A.
Dila, Deborah K.
Bootsma, Melinda J.
Corsi, Steven R.
McLellan, Sandra L.
TI Quantification of human-associated fecal indicators reveal sewage from
urban watersheds as a source of pollution to Lake Michigan
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Human-associated indicators; Sewage; Total maximum daily load; Urban
rivers
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; HUMAN-SPECIFIC BACTEROIDES; PCR ASSAY; QUANTITATIVE
DETECTION; STORMWATER RUNOFF; UNITED-STATES; DRY WEATHER; AUGUST 1994;
CONTAMINATION; MILWAUKEE
AB Sewage contamination of urban waterways from sewer overflows and failing infrastructure is a major environmental and public health concern. Fecal coliforms (FC) are commonly employed as fecal indicator bacteria, but do not distinguish between human and non-human sources of fecal contamination. Human Bacteroides and human Lachnospiraceae, two genetic markers for human-associated indicator bacteria, were used to identify sewage signals in two urban rivers and the estuary that drains to Lake Michigan. Grab samples were collected from the rivers throughout 2012 and 2013 and hourly samples were collected in the estuary across the hydrograph during summer 2013. Human Bacteroides and human Lachnospiraceae were highly correlated with each other in river samples (Pearson's r = 0.86), with average concentrations at most sites elevated during wet weather. These human indicators were found during baseflow, indicating that sewage contamination is chronic in these waterways. FC are used for determining total maximum daily loads (TMDLs) in management plans; however, FC concentrations alone failed to prioritize river reaches with potential health risks. While 84% of samples with >1000 CFU/ 100 ml FC had sewage contamination, 52% of samples with moderate (200-1000 CFU/100 ml) and 46% of samples with low (<200 CFU/100 ml) FC levels also had evidence of human sewage. Load calculations in the in the Milwaukee estuary revealed storm-driven sewage contamination varied greatly among events and was highest during an event with a short duration of intense rain. This work demonstrates urban areas have unrecognized sewage inputs that may not be adequately prioritized for remediation by the TMDL process. Further analysis using these approaches could determine relationships between land use, storm characteristics, and other factors that drive sewage contamination in urban waterways. (c) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Templar, Hayley A.; Dila, Deborah K.; Bootsma, Melinda J.; McLellan, Sandra L.] UW Milwaukee, Sch Freshwater Sci, 600 E Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
[Corsi, Steven R.] US Geol Survey, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP McLellan, SL (reprint author), UW Milwaukee, Sch Freshwater Sci, 600 E Greenfield Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53204 USA.
EM mclellan@uwm.edu
FU US EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative - Wisconsin Department of
Natural Resources [GL00E01206 sub 3]
FX This work was funded by a grant from the US EPA Great Lakes Restoration
Initiative GL00E01206 sub 3, which was awarded by the Wisconsin
Department of Natural Resources. We would like to thank MMSD for the
collection and sharing of hundreds of river samples. Additionally, we
would like to thank laboratory members Katherine Halmo, Morgan
Schroeder, Danielle Cloutier, and Jenny Fisher for assistance with
sample collection and processing. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 100
BP 556
EP 567
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2016.05.056
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA DP4EK
UT WOS:000378448800054
PM 27236594
ER
PT J
AU Honsey, AE
Bunnell, DB
Troy, CD
Fielder, DG
Thomas, MV
Knight, CT
Chong, SC
Hook, TO
AF Honsey, Andrew E.
Bunnell, David B.
Troy, Cary D.
Fielder, David G.
Thomas, Michael V.
Knight, Carey T.
Chong, Stephen C.
Hook, Tomas O.
TI Recruitment synchrony of yellow perch (Perca flavescens, Percidae) in
the Great Lakes region, 1966-2008
SO FISHERIES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Spatial synchrony; Climate; Moran effect; Catch-curve
ID FRESH-WATER FISH; SPATIAL SYNCHRONY; POPULATION SYNCHRONY; CISCO
RECRUITMENT; GENETIC-STRUCTURE; EURASIAN PERCH; CLASS STRENGTH; MARINE
FISH; TIME-SERIES; TEMPERATURE
AB Population-level reproductive success (recruitment) of many fish populations is characterized by high inter-annual variation and related to annual variation in key environmental factors (e.g., climate). When such environmental factors are annually correlated across broad spatial scales, spatially separated populations may display recruitment synchrony (i.e., the Moran effect). We investigated inter-annual (1966-2008) variation in yellow perch (Perca flavescens, Percidae) recruitment using 16 datasets describing populations located in four of the five Laurentian Great Lakes (Erie, Huron, Michigan, and Ontario) and Lake St. Clair. We indexed relative year class strength using catch-curve residuals for each year-class across 2-4 years and compared relative year-class strength among sampling locations. Results indicate that perch recruitment is positively synchronized across the region. In addition, the spatial scale of this synchrony appears to be broader than previous estimates for both yellow perch and freshwater fish in general. To investigate potential factors influencing relative year-class strength, we related year class strength to regional indices of annual climatic conditions (spring-summer air temperature, winter air temperature, and spring precipitation) using data from 14 weather stations across the Great Lakes region. We found that mean spring-summer temperature is significantly positively related to recruitment success among Great Lakes yellow perch populations. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Honsey, Andrew E.; Hook, Tomas O.] Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marstellar St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Bunnell, David B.] USGS Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Troy, Cary D.] Purdue Univ, Lyles Sch Civil Engn, 550 Stadium Mall Dr, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
[Fielder, David G.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Alpena Fisheries Res Stn, 160 E Fletcher, Alpena, MI 49707 USA.
[Thomas, Michael V.] Michigan Dept Nat Resources, Lake St Clair Fisheries Res Stn, 33135 South River Rd, Harrison Township, MI 48405 USA.
[Knight, Carey T.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Fairport Fish Res Stn, 1190 High St, Fairport Harbor, OH 44077 USA.
[Chong, Stephen C.] Upper Great Lakes Management Unit, Ontario Minist Nat Resources & Forestry, 1235 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2E5, Canada.
[Hook, Tomas O.] Illinois Indiana Sea Grant, 195 Marsteller St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
RP Honsey, AE (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Dept Forestry & Nat Resources, 195 Marstellar St, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
EM honse018@umn.edu
FU Queen's University; Great Lakes Fishery Commission [2012_TRO_44022]
FX We are indebted to Dr. Tom Lauer (Ball State University), Dr. Serguisz
Czesny and Rebecca Redman (Illinois Natural History Survey), and Tammie
Paoli (Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources) for providing data and
insight throughout the development of the project. We also thank W.C.
Leggett and John M. Casselman (Queen's University) for their assistance
in funding the collection of some of the data used in the analysis. We
thank all of the technicians, biologists, captains, and all those
involved in collecting the vast quantities of data analyzed herein.
Finally, we appreciate comments from anonymous reviewers that helped to
improve this contribution. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This article is contribution 2035 of the USGS Great Lakes
Science Center and Purdue Climate Change Research Center paper number
1620. This work was supported by the Great Lakes Fishery Commission
Grant 2012_TRO_44022.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0165-7836
EI 1872-6763
J9 FISH RES
JI Fish Res.
PD SEP
PY 2016
VL 181
BP 214
EP 221
DI 10.1016/j.fishres.2016.04.021
PG 8
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DP0LS
UT WOS:000378181900021
ER
PT J
AU Peacock, MM
Gustin, MS
Kirchoff, VS
Robinson, ML
Hekkala, E
Pizzarro-Barraza, C
Loux, T
AF Peacock, Mary M.
Gustin, Mae S.
Kirchoff, Veronica S.
Robinson, Morgan L.
Hekkala, Evon
Pizzarro-Barraza, Claudia
Loux, Tim
TI Native fishes in the Truckee River: Are in-stream structures and
patterns of population genetic structure related?
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Stream flow; Microsatellites Bayesian genotype clustering analysis;
Global climate change
ID LAHONTAN CUTTHROAT TROUT; BULLHEAD COTTUS-GOBIO; FRESH-WATER FISH;
WHITEFISH PROSOPIUM-WILLIAMSONI; POLYMORPHIC MICROSATELLITE LOCI;
ONCORHYNCHUS-CLARKI-HENSHAWI; LIFE-HISTORY; MOVEMENT PATTERNS; COLORADO
RIVER; PRESERVING BIODIVERSITY
AB In-stream structures are recognized as significant impediments to movement for freshwater fishes. Apex predators such as salmonids have been the focus of much research on the impacts of such barriers to population dynamics and population viability however much less research has focused on native fishes, where in-stream structures may have a greater impact on long term population viability of these smaller, less mobile species. Patterns of genetic structure on a riverscape can provide information on which structures represent real barriers to movement for fish species and under what specific flow conditions. Here we characterize the impact of 41 dam and diversion structures on movement dynamics under varying flow conditions for a suite of six native fishes found in the Truckee River of California and Nevada. Microsatellite loci were used to estimate total allelic diversity, effective population size and assess genetic population structure. Although there is spatial overlap among species within the river there are clear differences in species distributions within the watershed. Observed population genetic structure was associated with in-stream structures, but only under low flow conditions. High total discharge in 2006 allowed fish to move over potential barriers resulting in no observed population genetic structure for any species in 2007. The efficacy of in-stream structures to impede movement and isolate fish emerged only after multiple years of low flow conditions. Our results suggest that restricted movement of fish species, as a result of in-stream barriers, can be mitigated by flow management. However, as flow dynamics are likely to be altered under global climate change, fragmentation due to barriers could isolate stream fishes into small subpopulations susceptible to both demographic losses and losses of genetic variation. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Peacock, Mary M.; Kirchoff, Veronica S.; Robinson, Morgan L.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Peacock, Mary M.; Robinson, Morgan L.] Univ Nevada, Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol Grad Program, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Gustin, Mae S.; Pizzarro-Barraza, Claudia] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Hekkala, Evon] Fordham Univ, Dept Biol Sci, New York, NY 10458 USA.
[Loux, Tim] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Lahontan Natl Fish Hatchery Complex, Gardnerville, NV 89410 USA.
RP Peacock, MM (reprint author), 1664 N Virginia St, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM mpeacock@unr.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service National Fish Hatchery Complex
[843206J306/842407J01]; Nevada Fish and Wildlife Office Section; Nevada
Department of Wildlife [S36420]; California Department of Fish and
Wildlife [SC-6923]
FX We thank the Pyramid Lake Paiute Tribe for allowing us access to the
Truckee River within the Tribal Reservation and for technical assistance
in project planning. We also thank Lisa Heki, Project Leader, U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service National Fish Hatchery Complex for providing
funding (USFWS Federal Account Number 843206J306/842407J01) and USFWS
personnel for sample collection. Scientific collection permits were
awarded to the USFWS Region 8, by Nevada Fish and Wildlife Office
Section [10 (a) (1)(A)], Nevada Department of Wildlife (S36420), and
California Department of Fish and Wildlife (SC-6923). Kris Kruse and
Craig Osborne, Nevada Genomics Center, provided sequencer output to
genotype all individuals included in the study.
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U2 38
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 563
BP 221
EP 236
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.056
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DO4ZG
UT WOS:000377792800025
PM 27135585
ER
PT J
AU Haack, SK
Duris, JW
Kolpin, DW
Focazio, MJ
Meyer, MT
Johnson, HE
Oster, RJ
Foreman, WT
AF Haack, Sheridan K.
Duris, Joseph W.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Focazio, Michael J.
Meyer, Michael T.
Johnson, Heather E.
Oster, Ryan J.
Foreman, William T.
TI Contamination with bacterial zoonotic pathogen genes in US streams
influenced by varying types of animal agriculture
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Zoonotic pathogen genes; Animal agriculture; Watersheds; Fecal indicator
bacteria; Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; REAL-TIME PCR; MICROBIAL SOURCE TRACKING;
WATER-QUALITY; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS; SURFACE-WATER; CAMPYLOBACTER SPP.;
FECAL POLLUTION; WASTE-WATER; SALMONELLA
AB Animal waste, stream water, and streambed sediment from 19 small (<32 km(2)) watersheds in 12 U.S. states having either no major animal agriculture (control, n = 4), or predominantly beef (n = 4), dairy (n = 3), swine (n = 5), or poultry (n = 3) were tested for: 1) cholesterol, coprostanol, estrone, and fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) concentrations, and 2) shiga-toxin producing and enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter, and pathogenic and vancomycin-resistant enterococci by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on enrichments, and/or direct quantitative PCR. Pathogen genes were most frequently detected in dairy wastes, followed by beef, swine and poultry wastes in that order; there was only one detection of an animal-source-specific pathogen gene (stx1) in any water or sediment sample in any control watershed. Post-rainfall pathogen gene numbers in stream water were significantly correlated with FIB, cholesterol and coprostanol concentrations, and were most highly correlated in dairy watershed samples collected from 3 different states. Although collected across multiple states and ecoregions, animal-waste gene profiles were distinctive via discriminant analysis. Stream water gene profiles could also be discriminated by the watershed animal type. Although pathogen genes were not abundant in stream water or streambed samples, PCR on enrichments indicated that many genes were from viable organisms, including several (shiga-toxin producing or enterotoxigenic E. cob, Salmonella, vancomycin-resistant enterococci) that could potentially affect either human or animal health. Pathogen gene numbers and types in stream water samples were influenced most by animal type, by local factors such as whether animals had stream access, and by the amount of local rainfall, and not by studied watershed soil or physical characteristics. Our results indicated that stream water in small agricultural U.S. watersheds was susceptible to pathogen gene inputs under typical agricultural practices and environmental conditions. Pathogen gene profiles may offer the potential to address both source of, and risks associated with, fecal pollution. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Haack, Sheridan K.; Duris, Joseph W.; Johnson, Heather E.; Oster, Ryan J.] US Geol Survey, 6520 Mercantile Way,Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, 400 South Clinton St, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
[Focazio, Michael J.] US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Meyer, Michael T.] US Geol Survey, 4821 Quail Crest Pl, Lawrence, KS 66049 USA.
[Foreman, William T.] US Geol Survey, POB 25585, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Haack, SK (reprint author), USGS MichiganWater Sci Ctr, 6520 Mercantile Way,Suite 5, Lansing, MI 48911 USA.
EM skhaack@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey, Toxic Substances Hydrology Program
FX We thank all our many USGS colleagues who provided valuable information
to help select the sites used for this study and who collected and
shipped the samples. This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey,
Toxic Substances Hydrology Program. Any use of trade, product, or firm
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 63
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U2 52
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 563
BP 340
EP 350
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.04.087
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DO4ZG
UT WOS:000377792800037
PM 27139306
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Ball, WP
Moyer, DL
AF Zhang, Qian
Ball, William P.
Moyer, Douglas L.
TI Decadal-scale export of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sediment from the
Susquehanna River basin, USA: Analysis and synthesis of temporal and
spatial patterns
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Lag time; Legacy source; Reservoir modulation; Chemostasis; Streanflow;
Land use; Chesapeake bay
ID SURFACE-WATER QUALITY; CHESAPEAKE BAY; LAND-USE; BIOGEOCHEMICAL
RESPONSES; SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; CATCHMENTS; TRENDS; LANDSCAPE; CLIMATE;
LOAD
AB The export of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and suspended sediment (SS) is a long-standing management concern for the Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA. Here we present a comprehensive evaluation of nutrient and sediment loads over the last three decades at multiple locations in the Susquehanna River basin (SRB), Chesapeake's largest tributary watershed. Sediment and nutrient riverine loadings, including both dissolved and particulate fractions, have generally declined at all sites upstream of Conowingo Dam (non-tidal SRB outlet). Period-of record declines in riverine yield are generally smaller than those in source input, suggesting the possibility of legacy contributions. Consistent with other watershed studies, these results reinforce the importance of considering lag time between the implementation of management actions and achievement of river quality improvement. Whereas flow-normalized loadings for particulate species have increased recently below Conowingo Reservoir, those for upstream sites have declined, thus substantiating conclusions from prior studies about decreased reservoir trapping efficiency. In regard to streamflow effects, statistically significant log-linear relationships between annual streamflow and annual constituent load suggest the dominance of hydrological control on the inter-annual variability of constituent export. Concentration-discharge relationships revealed general chemostasis and mobilization effects for dissolved and particulate species, respectively, both suggesting transport-limitation conditions. In addition to affecting annual export rates, streamflow has also modulated the relative importance of dissolved and particulate fractions, as reflected by its negative correlations with dissolved Pltotal P, dissolved Nltotal N, particulate PISS, and total Nltotal P ratios. For land-use effects, period-of record median annual yields of N, P, and SS all correlate positively with the area fraction of non-forested land but negatively with that of forested land under all hyclrologjcal conditions. Overall, this work has informed understanding with respect to four major factors affecting constituent export (i.e., source input, reservoir modulation, streamflow, and land use) and demonstrated the value of long-term river monioring. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenscs/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
C1 [Zhang, Qian; Ball, William P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
[Ball, William P.] Chesapeake Res Consortium, 645 Contees Wharf Rd, Edgewater, MD 21037 USA.
[Moyer, Douglas L.] US Geol Survey, Virginia Water Sci Ctr, 1730 East Parham Rd, Richmond, VA 23228 USA.
RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, 3400 North Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA.
EM qzhang19@jhu.edu; bball@jhu.edu; dlmoyer@usgs.gov
OI Zhang, Qian/0000-0003-0500-5655; Moyer, Douglas/0000-0001-6330-478X
FU Maryland Sea Grant [NA10OAR4170072, NA14OAR1470090]; Maryland Water
Resources Research Center [2015MD329B]; National Science Foundation
[CBET-1360415]
FX This work was supported by the Maryland Sea Grant (NA10OAR4170072 and
NA14OAR1470090), Maryland Water Resources Research Center (2015MD329B),
and National Science Foundation (CBET-1360415). We thank Gary Shenk and
four anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. We thank Gary
Shenk, Guido Yactayo, and Gopal Bhatt (Chesapeake Bay Program Office)
for providing the source input data. We acknowledge the U.S. Geological
Survey and Susquehanna River Basin Commission for providing access to
the river monitoring data. Ally use of trade, firm, or product names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 75
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 20
U2 60
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD SEP 1
PY 2016
VL 563
BP 1016
EP 1029
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.104
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DO4ZG
UT WOS:000377792800105
PM 27185349
ER
PT J
AU Hernandez, DG
Purcell, MK
Friedman, CS
Kurath, G
AF Hernandez, Daniel G.
Purcell, Maureen K.
Friedman, Carolyn S.
Kurath, Gael
TI Susceptibility of ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon to isolates of
the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus
(IHNV)
SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS
LA English
DT Article
DE Rhabdovirus; Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Subclinical infection; Virus
persistence; Fish disease; Columbia River Basin
ID COLUMBIA RIVER-BASIN; STEELHEAD TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-TSHAWYTSCHA;
RAINBOW-TROUT; VIRULENCE MECHANISMS; WASHINGTON-STATE; SOCKEYE-SALMON;
POPULATIONS; CALIFORNIA; GENOTYPES
AB This study examined the susceptibility of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tsha wytscha to viral strains from the L, U, and M genogroups of infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) present in western North America. The goal of this investigation was to establish a baseline understanding of the susceptibility of ocean-and stream-type Chinook salmon to infection and mortality caused by exposure to commonly detected strains of L, U, and M IHNV. The L IHNV strain tested here was highly infectious and virulent in both Chinook salmon populations, following patterns previously reported for Chinook salmon. Furthermore, ocean- and stream-type Chinook salmon fry at 1 g can also become subclinically infected with U and M strains of IHNV without experiencing significant mortality. The stream-type life history phenotype was generally more susceptible to infection and suffered greater mortality than the ocean-type phenotype. Between the U and M genogroup strains tested, the U group strains were generally more infectious than the M group strains in both Chinook salmon types. Substantial viral clearance occurred by 30 d post exposure, but persistent viral infection was observed with L, U, and M strains in both host populations. While mortality decreased with increased host size in stream-type Chinook salmon, infection prevalence was not lower for all strains at a greater size. These results suggest that Chinook salmon may serve as reservoirs and/or vectors of U and M genogroup IHNV.
C1 [Hernandez, Daniel G.; Friedman, Carolyn S.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hernandez, Daniel G.; Purcell, Maureen K.; Kurath, Gael] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 Northeast 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Kurath, G (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, 6505 Northeast 65th St, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM gkurath@usgs.gov
FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship [DGE-1256082];
United States Geological Survey; United States Fish and Wild life
Service; Puget Sound Anglers (Fidalgo Chapter); University of Washington
Graduate Opportunities & Minority Achievement Program (GOMAP);
University of Washington College of the Environment
FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science
Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship under Grant No. DGE-1256082, the
United States Geological Survey, the United States Fish and Wild life
Service, the Puget Sound Anglers (Fidalgo Chapter), the University of
Washington Graduate Opportunities & Minority Achievement Program
(GOMAP), and the University of Washington College of the Environment
under the Galen and Helen Maxfield Endowed Fisheries Fellowship and the
Robert E. Resoff Endowed Scholarship. We thank Mike Wilson of the Soos
Creek Salmon Hatchery and Casey Risley of the Little White Salmon
National Fish Hatchery for providing us with fish for these controlled
laboratory studies. The manuscript was considerably improved as a result
of the insightful comments of Thomas P. Quinn and James R. Winton. Use
of any trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the US Government. All animal
experiments were approved by the University of Washington Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee.
NR 35
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U1 4
U2 4
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0177-5103
EI 1616-1580
J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN
JI Dis. Aquat. Org.
PD AUG 31
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 1
BP 15
EP 28
DI 10.3354/dao03030
PG 14
WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences
GA DX2ZV
UT WOS:000384243300002
PM 27596856
ER
PT J
AU Ganey, JL
Iniguez, JM
Hedwall, S
Block, WM
Ward, JP
Jonnes, RS
Rawlinson, TA
Kyle, SC
Apprill, DL
AF Ganey, Joseph L.
Iniguez, Jose M.
Hedwall, Shaula
Block, William M.
Ward, James P., Jr.
Jonnes, Ryan S.
Rawlinson, Todd A.
Kyle, Sean C.
Apprill, Darrell L.
TI Evaluating Desired Conditions for Mexican Spotted Owl Nesting and
Roosting Habitat
SO FOREST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; basal area; canopy cover; large trees; management
recommendations; Mexican spotted owl; recovery planning; Strix
occidentalis lucida
ID SACRAMENTO MOUNTAINS
AB The Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida) was listed as a threatened species in 1993, primarily because of concerns over the loss of late seral forest habitat to timber harvest and wildfire. A recovery plan prepared for this owl subspecies explicitly assumed that nesting (and/or roosting) habitat was a primary factor limiting distribution of Mexican spotted owls and provided four desired conditions for identifying and managing potential owl nesting/roosting habitat in forested habitat. We used data collected at nest sites of Mexican spotted owls in the Sacramento Mountains, New Mexico, to evaluate how well these desired conditions and associated forest structural attributes described nesting habitat in this area. All nest sites included in our analyses successfully fledged young during the study. These nest sites generally featured higher levels of the structural attributes included in the desired conditions (total basal area, density of trees >46 cm in dbh, percentage of basal area in trees 30-46 cm dbh, and percentage of basal area in trees >46 cm dbh) than the surrounding stand, yet only 46-87% of sampled nest sites met single desired conditions and only 22% met all four conditions simultaneously. The best generalized linear models using combinations of these four structural attributes plus canopy cover to distinguish between nest sites and random sites within owl home ranges all contained canopy cover and percentage of basal area in trees >46 cm dbh. Relative importance values were high for both of these attributes (1.000 and 0.983, respectively), and confidence intervals around parameter estimates included zero for all other attributes. The present combination of four desired conditions did not consistently identify nesting habitat in this area, required managing for levels of structural attributes that were greater than levels typically observed at successful owl nest sites, and did not include canopy cover, which was the single best predictor in the Sacramento Mountains. We recommend revising the desired conditions in the Sacramento Mountains to emphasize canopy cover and some attribute measuring the large tree component. We also recommend repeating this assessment in other geographic areas to determine how well the desired conditions for those areas describe nesting habitat for owls.
C1 [Ganey, Joseph L.; Iniguez, Jose M.; Block, William M.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Hedwall, Shaula; Ward, James P., Jr.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Washington, DC USA.
[Jonnes, Ryan S.; Kyle, Sean C.] Western Assoc Fish & Wildlife Agencies, Boise, ID USA.
[Rawlinson, Todd A.; Apprill, Darrell L.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Lincoln Natl Forest, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
RP Ganey, JL (reprint author), US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM jganey@fs.fed.us; jiniguez@fs.fed.us; shaula_hedwall@fws.gov;
wblock@fs.fed.us; patrick_ward@fws.gov; ryansjonnes@gmail.com;
trawlinson@fs.fed.us; sean.kyle@wafwa.org; darrellapprill@gmail.com
FU Southwestern Region, USDA Forest Service; Lincoln National Forest and
Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service
FX We thank the many dedicated biologists who assisted with locating
Mexican spotted owl nests in the Sacramento Mountains over the years, as
well as the members of the Mexican spotted owl Recovery Team, past and
present, for their efforts on behalf of the owl. For assistance with
sampling nest sites, we thank T. Borneman, J. Cannon, C. Cobb, M.
Collado, R. Crandall, C. Edge, L. Gedacht, J. Gorey, J. Goyette, S.
Halsey, D. Harrington, T. Heard, M. Hillman, M. Ihnken, A. Mahoney, C.
Mosby, L. Navarrete, C. Okraska, H. Oswald, M. Peterson, R. Peterson, E.
Pollom, B. Rubeck, A. Salonikios, N. Unsworth, A. VandeVoort, N. von
Hedeman, K. Wagner, and A. Walters. K. Hamilton prepared the figure
showing plot layout. We thank the personnel from the Sacramento Ranger
District, USDA Forest Service (especially M. Mauter, J. Montoya, R.
Guaderrama, D. Salas, and J. Williams), for logistical support during
the study. Major funding was provided by the Southwestern Region, USDA
Forest Service, with additional funding from the Lincoln National Forest
and Rocky Mountain Research Station, USDA Forest Service. We thank D.
DeLorenzo (USDA Forest Service, Southwestern Region) for his support and
assistance with securing funding throughout the study, and K. Blatner
and three anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version
of this article.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 9
U2 9
PU SOC AMER FORESTERS
PI BETHESDA
PA 5400 GROSVENOR LANE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0015-749X
EI 1938-3738
J9 FOREST SCI
JI For. Sci.
PD AUG 30
PY 2016
VL 62
IS 4
BP 457
EP 462
DI 10.5849/forsci.15-027
PG 6
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA DW1JP
UT WOS:000383399800012
ER
PT J
AU Bhaskar, AS
Hogan, DM
Archfield, SA
AF Bhaskar, Aditi S.
Hogan, Dianna M.
Archfield, Stacey A.
TI Urban base flow with low impact development
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE urban hydrology; base flow; low impact development; green infrastructure
ID STORM WATER MANAGEMENT; GROUNDWATER RECHARGE; UNITED-STATES;
METROPOLITAN-AREA; STREAM SYNDROME; NEW-YORK; LAND-USE; URBANIZATION;
HYDROLOGY; RUNOFF
AB A novel form of urbanization, low impact development (LID), aims to engineer systems that replicate natural hydrologic functioning, in part by infiltrating stormwater close to the impervious surfaces that generate it. We sought to statistically evaluate changes in a base flow regime because of urbanization with LID, specifically changes in base flow magnitude, seasonality, and rate of change. We used a case study watershed in Clarksburg, Maryland, in which streamflow was monitored during whole-watershed urbanization from forest and agricultural to suburban residential development using LID. The 1.11-km(2) watershed contains 73 infiltration-focused stormwater facilities, including bioretention facilities, dry wells, and dry swales. We examined annual and monthly flow during and after urbanization (2004-2014) and compared alterations to nearby forested and urban control watersheds. We show that total streamflow and base flow increased in the LID watershed during urbanization as compared with control watersheds. The LID watershed had more gradual storm recessions after urbanization and attenuated seasonality in base flow. These flow regime changes may be because of a reduction in evapotranspiration because of the overall decrease in vegetative cover with urbanization and the increase in point sources of recharge. Precipitation that may once have infiltrated soil, been stored in soil moisture to be eventually transpired in a forested landscape, may now be recharged and become base flow. The transfer of evapotranspiration to base flow is an unintended consequence to the water balance of LID. (c) 2016 The Authors Hydrological Processes Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
C1 [Bhaskar, Aditi S.; Hogan, Dianna M.] US Geol Survey, Eastern Geog Sci Ctr, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MSN 521, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Archfield, Stacey A.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MSN 430, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Bhaskar, AS (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, 1372 Campus Delivery, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM aditi.bhaskar@colostate.edu
FU NSF-EAR [1349815]; USEPA [DW14921533, DW14922385]
FX We gratefully acknowledge contributions from S. Sparkman, H. Tarekegn,
B. Hammond, R. Hirsch, D.K. Jones, P. Bouwma, S.T. Jarnagin, J.
Gomez-Velez, and J. LaBaugh and helpful comments from W. Sanford and two
anonymous reviewers. A. S. Bhaskar was supported by NSF-EAR Postdoctoral
Fellowship 1349815. This work builds on the Clarksburg Integrated Study
Partnership between the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA),
Montgomery County Department of Environmental Protection, the US
Geological Survey (USGS), and the University of Maryland. The stream
gage data referenced within have been funded in part by the USEPA under
agreements DW14921533 and DW14922385 to the USGS. Any use of trade,
firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the US government.
NR 86
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 50
U2 50
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD AUG 30
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 18
BP 3156
EP 3171
DI 10.1002/hyp.10808
PG 16
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DW2IU
UT WOS:000383466900004
ER
PT J
AU Evaristo, J
McDonnell, JJ
Scholl, MA
Bruijnzeel, LA
Chun, KP
AF Evaristo, Jaivime
McDonnell, Jeffrey J.
Scholl, Martha A.
Bruijnzeel, L. Adrian
Chun, Kwok P.
TI Insights into plant water uptake from xylem-water isotope measurements
in two tropical catchments with contrasting moisture conditions
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE ecohydrological separation; d-excess; plant water uptake; stable
isotopes; ecohydrology; tropics; Bayesian mixing models
ID LUQUILLO EXPERIMENTAL FOREST; ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS;
PUERTO-RICO; SOIL-WATER; STABLE-ISOTOPES; RAIN-FOREST; PRIMARY
PRODUCTIVITY; MIXING MODELS; TREES; CLIMATE
AB Water transpired by trees has long been assumed to be sourced from the same subsurface water stocks that contribute to groundwater recharge and streamflow. However, recent investigations using dual water stable isotopes have shown an apparent ecohydrological separation between tree-transpired water and stream water. Here we present evidence for such ecohydrological separation in two tropical environments in Puerto Rico where precipitation seasonality is relatively low and where precipitation is positively correlated with primary productivity. We determined the stable isotope signature of xylem water of 30 mahogany (Swietenia spp.) trees sampled during two periods with contrasting moisture status. Our results suggest that the separation between transpiration water and groundwater recharge/streamflow water might be related less to the temporal phasing of hydrologic inputs and primary productivity, and more to the fundamental processes that drive evaporative isotopic enrichment of residual soil water within the soil matrix. The lack of an evaporative signature of both groundwater and streams in the study area suggests that these water balance components have a water source that is transported quickly to deeper subsurface storage compared to waters that trees use. A Bayesian mixing model used to partition source water proportions of xylem water showed that groundwater contribution was greater for valley-bottom, riparian trees than for ridge-top trees. Groundwater contribution was also greater at the xeric site than at the mesic-hydric site. These model results (1) underline the utility of a simple linear mixing model, implemented in a Bayesian inference framework, in quantifying source water contributions at sites with contrasting physiographic characteristics, and (2) highlight the informed judgement that should be made in interpreting mixing model results, of import particularly in surveying groundwater use patterns by vegetation from regional to global scales. Copyright (c) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Evaristo, Jaivime; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Global Inst Water Secur, Saskatoon S7N 3H5, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Evaristo, Jaivime; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Global Inst Water Secur, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Evaristo, Jaivime; McDonnell, Jeffrey J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[McDonnell, Jeffrey J.] Univ Aberdeen, Sch Geosci, Aberdeen, Scotland.
[Scholl, Martha A.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Bruijnzeel, L. Adrian] Kings Coll London, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Chun, Kwok P.] Hong Kong Baptist Univ, Dept Geog, Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Evaristo, J (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Global Inst Water Secur, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.; Evaristo, J (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Sch Environm & Sustainabil, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
EM jaivime.evaristo@usask.ca
OI Scholl, Martha/0000-0001-6994-4614; Evaristo,
Jaivime/0000-0003-1387-229X
FU National Science Foundation Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory (NSF)
[EAR-0722476]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the National Science Foundation
Luquillo Critical Zone Observatory (NSF EAR-0722476). J.E. thanks the
personnel of the US Forest Service Sabana Field and El Verde Field
stations in Luquillo, the US Forest Service in Susua, and two graduate
students (Kaizad Patel and Chennery Fife) from the University of
Pennsylvania for their assistance and support in the field, as well as
Brent Helliker and David Vann, University of Pennsylvania, for fruitful
discussions during sampling design and execution. J.E. also thanks the
Stable Isotope Ratio Facility for Environmental Research (SIRFER) at the
University of Utah for careful handling and analyses of our samples, as
well as Jim Ehleringer, Todd Dawson, and the Stable Isotope
Biogeochemistry & Ecology (Iso-Camp) 2012 summer course instructors for
the intellectual guidance surrounding the implementation of this work.
We all thank Anna Coles, Chris Gabrielli, Willemijn Appels, Dyan Pratt,
and Kim Janzen for very helpful and insightful comments on an early
draft of this manuscript. Finally, the three anonymous reviewers are
thanked for helpful criticism and feedback. Any use of trade, firm or
product names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 109
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U1 36
U2 36
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0885-6087
EI 1099-1085
J9 HYDROL PROCESS
JI Hydrol. Process.
PD AUG 30
PY 2016
VL 30
IS 18
BP 3210
EP 3227
DI 10.1002/hyp.10841
PG 18
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA DW2IU
UT WOS:000383466900008
ER
PT J
AU Edmunds, DR
Kauffman, MJ
Schumaker, BA
Lindzey, FG
Cook, WE
Kreeger, TJ
Grogan, RG
Cornish, TE
AF Edmunds, David R.
Kauffman, Matthew J.
Schumaker, Brant A.
Lindzey, Frederick G.
Cook, Walter E.
Kreeger, Terry J.
Grogan, Ronald G.
Cornish, Todd E.
TI Chronic Wasting Disease Drives Population Decline of White-Tailed Deer
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID RANGING MULE DEER; SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; HARVEST VULNERABILITY;
AFRICAN BUFFALO; PREVALENCE; ELK; WISCONSIN; SURVIVAL;
IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; EPIDEMIOLOGY
AB Chronic wasting disease (CWD) is an invariably fatal transmissible spongiform encephalopathy of white-tailed deer, mule deer, elk, and moose. Despite a 100% fatality rate, areas of high prevalence, and increasingly expanding geographic endemic areas, little is known about the population-level effects of CWD in deer. To investigate these effects, we tested the null hypothesis that high prevalence CWD did not negatively impact white-tailed deer population sustainability. The specific objectives of the study were to monitor CWD-positive and CWD-negative white-tailed deer in a high-prevalence CWD area longitudinally via radio-telemetry and global positioning system (GPS) collars. For the two populations, we determined the following: a) demographic and disease indices, b) annual survival, and c) finite rate of population growth (lambda). The CWD prevalence was higher in females (42%) than males (28.8%) and hunter harvest and clinical CWD were the most frequent causes of mortality, with CWD-positive deer over-represented in harvest and total mortalities. Survival was significantly lower for CWD-positive deer and separately by sex; CWD-positive deer were 4.5 times more likely to die annually than CWD-negative deer while bucks were 1.7 times more likely to die than does. Population lambda was 0.896 (0.859-0.980), which indicated a 10.4% annual decline. We show that a chronic disease that becomes endemic in wildlife populations has the potential to be population-limiting and the strong population-level effects of CWD suggest affected populations are not sustainable at high disease prevalence under current harvest levels.
C1 [Edmunds, David R.; Schumaker, Brant A.; Grogan, Ronald G.; Cornish, Todd E.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kauffman, Matthew J.; Lindzey, Frederick G.] Univ Wyoming, US Geol Survey, Dept Zool & Physiol, Wyoming Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Cook, Walter E.] Univ Wyoming, Coll Agr & Nat Resources, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
[Kreeger, Terry J.] Wyoming Game & Fish Dept, Wheatland, WY USA.
[Edmunds, David R.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Cook, Walter E.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Vet Pathobiol, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Edmunds, DR (reprint author), Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.; Edmunds, DR (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM Dave.Edmunds@rams.colostate.edu
FU Morris Animal Foundation [D07ZO-159, D07ZO-425]; United States
Geological Survey [000679]; Wyoming Game and Fish Department [000679];
International Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies [000679];
Wyoming Wildlife/Livestock Disease Research Partnership [5-35466];
National Cattleman's Beef Association; Whitetails Unlimited
FX This work was primarily supported by the Morris Animal Foundation
(www.morrisanimalfoundation.org) through grant numbers: Established
Investigator = D07ZO-159 (TEC, DRE, MJK, FGL, WEC, and TJK), and
Fellowship Training Grant = D07ZO-425 (funded DRE's graduate research
stipend). The United States Geological Survey (www.usgs.gov), Wyoming
Game and Fish Department (https://wgfd.wyo.gov), and International
Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies (www.fishwildlife.org) each
jointly funded parts of this work through grant number 000679 over
multiple years (TEC, TJK, and DRE). The Wyoming Wildlife/Livestock
Disease Research Partnership
(http://wyagric.state.wy.us/divisions/ts/sections-a-programs/wildlifeliv
estock-disease-research) partially funded this work through project
number 5-35466 (TEC, FGL, DRE, and TJK). Whitetails Unlimited
(www.whitetailsunlimited.com) also provided some support (no grant
number; TEC, FGL, DRE, and TJK), and National Cattleman's Beef
Association. The funders had no role in study design, data collection
and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 51
TC 0
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U1 29
U2 29
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 30
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0161127
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0161127
PG 19
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DV4EE
UT WOS:000382877200017
PM 27575545
ER
PT J
AU Long, J
Giri, C
Primavera, J
Trivedi, M
AF Long, Jordan
Giri, Chandra
Primavera, Jurgenne
Trivedi, Mandar
TI Damage and recovery assessment of the Philippines' mangroves following
Super Typhoon Haiyan
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Turning the Tide on Mangrove Loss - A Focus on Asia
CY 2015
CL Xiamen Univ, Xiamen, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xiamen Univ
DE Philippines mangrove; Landsat; eMODIS; NDVI; Super Typhoon Haiyan;
Mangrove disturbance
ID LANDSAT IMAGERY; SHADOW DETECTION; SATELLITE DATA; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
FORESTS; CARBON; ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATION; FUTURE; REHABILITATION
AB We quantified mangrove disturbance resulting from Super Typhoon Haiyan using a remote sensing approach. Mangrove areas were mapped prior to Haiyan using 30 m Landsat imagery and a supervised decision-tree classification. A time sequence of 250 m eMODIS data was used to monitor mangrove condition prior to, and following, Haiyan. Based on differences in eMODIS NDVI observations before and after the storm, we classified mangrove into three damage level categories: minimal, moderate, or severe. Mangrove damage in terms of extent and severity was greatest where Haiyan first made landfall on Eastern Samar and Western Samar provinces and lessened westward corresponding with decreasing storm intensity as Haiyan tracked from east to west across the Visayas region of the Philippines. However, within 18 months following Haiyan, mangrove areas classified as severely, moderately, and minimally damaged decreased by 90%, 81%, and 57%, respectively, indicating mangroves resilience to powerful typhoons. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Long, Jordan] InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Giri, Chandra] US Geol Survey, EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Primavera, Jurgenne] Zool Soc London, 48 Burgos St, Iloilo 5000, Philippines.
[Trivedi, Mandar] Zool Soc London, Regents Pk, London NW1 4RY, England.
RP Long, J (reprint author), InuTeq, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
EM Jordan.Long.ctr@usgs.gov
NR 70
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U1 19
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD AUG 30
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 2
SI SI
BP 734
EP 743
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.06.080
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT7EQ
UT WOS:000381650300008
PM 27394635
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, RR
Milbrandt, EC
Brown, B
Krauss, KW
Rovai, AS
Beever, JW
Flynn, LL
AF Lewis, Roy R., III
Milbrandt, Eric C.
Brown, Benjamin
Krauss, Ken W.
Rovai, Andre S.
Beever, James W., III
Flynn, Laura L.
TI Stress in mangrove forests: Early detection and preemptive
rehabilitation are essential for future successful worldwide mangrove
forest management
SO MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Turning the Tide on Mangrove Loss - A Focus on Asia
CY 2015
CL Xiamen Univ, Xiamen, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Xiamen Univ
DE Early detection; Florida; Habitat degradation; Intertidal habitat;
Restoration; Wetland forests
ID FLORIDA MANGROVES; TREE MORTALITY; PUERTO-RICO; SEA-LEVEL; RESTORATION;
ECOSYSTEMS; VULNERABILITY; PHILIPPINES; DISTURBANCE; ISLANDS
AB Mangrove forest rehabilitation should begin much sooner than at the point of catastrophic loss. We describe the need for "mangrove forest heart attack prevention", and how that might be accomplished in a general sense by embedding plot and remote sensing monitoring within coastal management plans. The major cause of mangrove stress at many sites globally is often linked to reduced tidal flows and exchanges. Blocked water flows can reduce flushing not only from the seaward side, but also result in higher salinity and reduced sediments when flows are blocked landward. Long-term degradation of function leads to acute mortality prompted by acute events, but created by a systematic propensity for long-term neglect of mangroves. Often, mangroves are lost within a few years; however, vulnerability is re-set decades earlier when seemingly innocuous hydrological modifications are made (e.g., road construction, blocked tidal channels), but which remain undetected without reasonable large-scale monitoring. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lewis, Roy R., III; Flynn, Laura L.] Coastal Resources Grp Inc, 23797 NE 189th St, Salt Springs, FL 32134 USA.
[Milbrandt, Eric C.] Sanibel Capt Conservat Fdn, 900A Tarpon Bay Rd, Sanibel, FL 33957 USA.
[Brown, Benjamin] Charles Darwin Univ, RIEL, Red Bldg 1,Ellengowan Dr, Darwin, NT 0909, Australia.
[Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Rovai, Andre S.] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Dept Ecol & Zool, Campus Univ, BR-88080900 Florianopolis, SC, Brazil.
[Beever, James W., III] Southwest Florida Reg Planning Council, 1926 Victoria Ave, Ft Myers, FL 33901 USA.
RP Lewis, RR (reprint author), Coastal Resources Grp Inc, 23797 NE 189th St, Salt Springs, FL 32134 USA.
EM LESrrl3@aol.com
OI Milbrandt, Eric/0000-0003-1998-7055
NR 70
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U1 26
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0025-326X
EI 1879-3363
J9 MAR POLLUT BULL
JI Mar. Pollut. Bull.
PD AUG 30
PY 2016
VL 109
IS 2
SI SI
BP 764
EP 771
DI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2016.03.006
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DT7EQ
UT WOS:000381650300011
PM 26971817
ER
PT J
AU Levandowski, W
Boyd, OS
Ramirez-Guzman, L
AF Levandowski, Will
Boyd, Oliver S.
Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo
TI Dense lower crust elevates long-term earthquake rates in the New Madrid
seismic zone
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE New Madrid; stress; body forces; gravity; finite element; intraplate
seismicity
ID NORTHERN MISSISSIPPI EMBAYMENT; EASTERN UNITED-STATES; REELFOOT RIFT;
FOCAL MECHANISMS; INTRAPLATE EARTHQUAKES; REGIONAL STRESS; PLATE
MOTIONS; RIVER VALLEY; DEFORMATION; FAULT
AB Knowledge of the local state of stress is critical in appraising intraplate seismic hazard. Inverting earthquake moment tensors, we demonstrate that principal stress directions in the New Madrid seismic zone (NMSZ) differ significantly from those in the surrounding region. Faults in the NMSZ that are incompatible with slip in the regional stress field are favorably oriented relative to local stress. We jointly analyze seismic velocity, gravity, and topography to develop a 3-D crustal and upper mantle density model, revealing uniquely dense lower crust beneath the NMSZ. Finite element simulations then estimate the stress tensor due to gravitational body forces, which sums with regional stress. The anomalous lower crust both elevates gravity-derived stress at seismogenic depths in the NMSZ and rotates it to interfere more constructively with far-field stress, producing a regionally maximal deviatoric stress coincident with the highest concentration of modern seismicity. Moreover, predicted principal stress directions mirror variations (observed independently in moment tensors) at the NMSZ and across the region.
C1 [Levandowski, Will; Boyd, Oliver S.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Mexico City, DF, Mexico.
RP Levandowski, W (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM wlevandowski@usgs.gov
FU Mendenhall Postdoctoral Fellowship
FX The mean density model and the modeled stress tensors are included in
the supporting information. W.L. was funded by the Mendenhall
Postdoctoral Fellowship. The authors thank Morgan Page and Art McGarr
for presubmission reviews.
NR 73
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Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 16
BP 8499
EP 8510
DI 10.1002/2016GL070175
PG 12
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DX5TC
UT WOS:000384443800021
ER
PT J
AU Kean, JW
McGuire, LA
Rengers, FK
Smith, JB
Staley, DM
AF Kean, J. W.
McGuire, L. A.
Rengers, F. K.
Smith, J. B.
Staley, D. M.
TI Amplification of postwildfire peak flow by debris
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE wildfire; debris flow; flood; peak flow
ID SEDIMENT YIELDS; EROSION; WILDFIRE; RUNOFF; FREQUENCY; STREAMS; TORRENT;
SLOPE
AB In burned steeplands, the peak depth and discharge of postwildfire runoff can substantially increase from the addition of debris. Yet methods to estimate the increase over water flow are lacking. We quantified the potential amplification of peak stage and discharge using video observations of postwildfire runoff, compiled data on postwildfire peak flow (Q(p)), and a physically based model. Comparison of flood and debris flow data with similar distributions in drainage area (A) and rainfall intensity (I) showed that the median runoff coefficient (C=Q(p)/AI) of debris flows is 50 times greater than that of floods. The striking increase in Q(p) can be explained using a fully predictive model that describes the additional flow resistance caused by the emergence of coarse-grained surge fronts. The model provides estimates of the amplification of peak depth, discharge, and shear stress needed for assessing postwildfire hazards and constraining models of bedrock incision.
C1 [Kean, J. W.; McGuire, L. A.; Rengers, F. K.; Smith, J. B.; Staley, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
RP Kean, JW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM jwkean@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey Landslide Hazards Program
FX We thank P. Nyman and J. Moody for thoughtful reviews of the manuscript.
This work was funded by the U.S. Geological Survey Landslide Hazards
Program. Supporting data are included as two tables and a movie in the
supporting information.
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 28
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 16
BP 8545
EP 8553
DI 10.1002/2016GL069661
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DX5TC
UT WOS:000384443800026
ER
PT J
AU Di Vito, MA
Acocella, V
Aiello, G
Barra, D
Battaglia, M
Carandente, A
Del Gaudio, C
De Vita, S
Ricciardi, GP
Ricco, C
Scandone, R
Terrasi, F
AF Di Vito, Mauro A.
Acocella, Valerio
Aiello, Giuseppe
Barra, Diana
Battaglia, Maurizio
Carandente, Antonio
Del Gaudio, Carlo
De Vita, Sandro
Ricciardi, Giovanni P.
Ricco, Ciro
Scandone, Roberto
Terrasi, Filippo
TI Magma transfer at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) before the 1538 AD
eruption
SO SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
LA English
DT Article
ID ELASTIC HALF-SPACE; SURFACE DEFORMATION; VOLCANO GEODESY; UNREST;
HISTORY; CONSTRAINTS; EMPLACEMENT; EVOLUTION; SEARCH; SYSTEM
AB Calderas are collapse structures related to the emptying of magmatic reservoirs, often associated with large eruptions from long-lived magmatic systems. Understanding how magma is transferred from a magma reservoir to the surface before eruptions is a major challenge. Here we exploit the historical, archaeological and geological record of Campi Flegrei caldera to estimate the surface deformation preceding the Monte Nuovo eruption and investigate the shallow magma transfer. Our data suggest a progressive magma accumulation from similar to 1251 to 1536 in a 4.6 +/- 0.9 km deep source below the caldera centre, and its transfer, between 1536 and 1538, to a 3.8 +/- 0.6 km deep magmatic source similar to 4 km NW of the caldera centre, below Monte Nuovo; this peripheral source fed the eruption through a shallower source, 0.4 +/- 0.3 km deep. This is the first reconstruction of pre-eruptive magma transfer at Campi Flegrei and corroborates the existence of a stationary oblate source, below the caldera centre, that has been feeding lateral eruptions for the last similar to 5 ka. Our results suggest: 1) repeated emplacement of magma through intrusions below the caldera centre; 2) occasional lateral transfer of magma feeding non-central eruptions within the caldera. Comparison with historical unrest at calderas worldwide suggests that this behavior is common.
C1 [Di Vito, Mauro A.; Barra, Diana; Carandente, Antonio; Del Gaudio, Carlo; De Vita, Sandro; Ricciardi, Giovanni P.; Ricco, Ciro] Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Napoli Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, I-80124 Naples, Italy.
[Acocella, Valerio; Scandone, Roberto] Univ Roma Tre, Dipartimento Sci, Rome, Italy.
[Aiello, Giuseppe; Barra, Diana] Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Sci Terra Ambiente & Risorse, Naples, Italy.
[Battaglia, Maurizio] Sapienza, Dipartimento Sci Terra, Rome, Italy.
[Battaglia, Maurizio] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Terrasi, Filippo] Univ Naples 2, Dipartimento Matemat & Fis, Naples, Italy.
RP Di Vito, MA (reprint author), Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Sez Napoli Osservatorio Vesuviano, Via Diocleziano 328, I-80124 Naples, Italy.
EM mauro.divito@ingv.it
OI Battaglia, Maurizio/0000-0003-4726-5287
FU DPC-INGV project V2, "Eruptive Precursors"
FX This work was funded by the DPC-INGV project V2, "Eruptive Precursors".
C. Newhall, L. Crescentini, E. Rivalta, G. Chiodini and M. Todesco
provided helpful discussions. Jim Bishop revised the English text. Three
anonymous reviewers and the Editor Hiroshi Shinohara provided
constructive comments.
NR 49
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Z9 4
U1 3
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2045-2322
J9 SCI REP-UK
JI Sci Rep
PD AUG 25
PY 2016
VL 6
AR 32245
DI 10.1038/srep32245
PG 9
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DU0BU
UT WOS:000381867100001
PM 27558276
ER
PT J
AU Nielson, RM
Murphy, RK
Millsap, BA
Howe, WH
Gardner, G
AF Nielson, Ryan M.
Murphy, Robert K.
Millsap, Brian A.
Howe, William H.
Gardner, Grant
TI Modeling Late-Summer Distribution of Golden Eagles (Aquila chrysaetos)
in the Western United States
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID WINTER HABITAT SELECTION; RESOURCE SELECTION; COUNT DATA; MULE DEER;
DESERT; ABUNDANCE; DYNAMICS
AB Increasing development across the western United States (USA) elevates concerns about effects on wildlife resources; the golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) is of special concern in this regard. Knowledge of golden eagle abundance and distribution across the western USA must be improved to help identify and conserve areas of major importance to the species. We used distance sampling and visual mark-recapture procedures to estimate golden eagle abundance from aerial line-transect surveys conducted across four Bird Conservation Regions in the western USA between 15 August and 15 September in 2006-2010, 2012, and 2013. To assess golden eagle-habitat relationships at this scale, we modeled counts of golden eagles seen during surveys in 2006-2010, adjusted for probability of detection, and used land cover and other environmental factors as predictor variables within 20-km(2) sampling units randomly selected from survey transects. We found evidence of positive relationships between intensity of use by golden eagles and elevation, solar radiation, and mean wind speed, and of negative relationships with the proportion of landscape classified as forest or as developed. The model accurately predicted habitat use observed during surveys conducted in 2012 and 2013. We used the model to construct a map predicting intensity of use by golden eagles during late summer across our similar to 2 million-km(2) study area. The map can be used to help prioritize landscapes for conservation efforts, identify areas where mitigation efforts may be most effective, and identify regions for additional research and monitoring. In addition, our map can be used to develop region-specific (e.g., state-level) density estimates based on the latest information on golden eagle abundance from a late-summer survey and aid designation of geographic management units for the species.
C1 [Nielson, Ryan M.; Gardner, Grant] Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
[Murphy, Robert K.; Millsap, Brian A.; Howe, William H.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Div Migratory Birds, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Nielson, RM (reprint author), Western EcoSyst Technol Inc, Cheyenne, WY 82001 USA.
EM rnielson@west-inc.com
FU United States Fish and Wildlife Service under a contract with Western
EcoSystems Technology, Inc.
FX Funding was provided by the United States Fish and Wildlife Service
under a contract with Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc. Ryan M.
Nielson and Grant Gardner are employed by Western EcoSystems Technology,
Inc. Western EcoSystems Technology, Inc., provided support in the form
of salaries for authors RMN and GG and were involved in design,
analysis, and writing of the manuscript.
NR 49
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U1 7
U2 7
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 24
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0159271
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159271
PG 18
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DU5NI
UT WOS:000382258100005
PM 27556735
ER
PT J
AU Cohen, AS
Gergurich, EL
Kraemer, BM
McGlue, MM
McIntyre, PB
Russell, JM
Simmons, JD
Swarzenski, PW
AF Cohen, Andrew S.
Gergurich, Elizabeth L.
Kraemer, Benjamin M.
McGlue, Michael M.
McIntyre, Peter B.
Russell, James M.
Simmons, Jack D.
Swarzenski, Peter W.
TI Climate warming reduces fish production and benthic habitat in Lake
Tanganyika, one of the most biodiverse freshwater ecosystems
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; Lake Tanganyika; freshwater biodiversity; fisheries;
paleoecology
ID ANTHROPOGENIC ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE; PALEOLIMNOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS;
ECOLOGICAL CONSEQUENCES; RECONSTRUCTION; SEDIMENTS; AFRICA; HISTORY;
MALAWI; LIPIDS; PROXY
AB Warming climates are rapidly transforming lake ecosystems worldwide, but the breadth of changes in tropical lakes is poorly documented. Sustainable management of freshwater fisheries and biodiversity requires accounting for historical and ongoing stressors such as climate change and harvest intensity. This is problematic in tropical Africa, where records of ecosystem change are limited and local populations rely heavily on lakes for nutrition. Here, using a similar to 1,500-y paleoecological record, we show that declines in fishery species and endemic molluscs began well before commercial fishing in Lake Tanganyika, Africa's deepest and oldest lake. Paleoclimate and instrumental records demonstrate sustained warming in this lake during the last similar to 150 y, which affects biota by strengthening and shallowing stratification of the water column. Reductions in lake mixing have depressed algal production and shrunk the oxygenated benthic habitat by 38% in our study areas, yielding fish and mollusc declines. Late-20th century fish fossil abundances at two of three sites were lower than at any other time in the last millennium and fell in concert with reduced diatom abundance and warming water. A negative correlation between lake temperature and fish and mollusc fossils over the last similar to 500 y indicates that climate warming and intensifying stratification have almost certainly reduced potential fishery production, helping to explain ongoing declines in fish catches. Long-term declines of both benthic and pelagic species underscore the urgency of strategic efforts to sustain Lake Tanganyika's extraordinary biodiversity and ecosystem services.
C1 [Cohen, Andrew S.; Gergurich, Elizabeth L.; Simmons, Jack D.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Kraemer, Benjamin M.; McIntyre, Peter B.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[McGlue, Michael M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
[Russell, James M.] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Swarzenski, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Coastal & Marine Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA 95060 USA.
[Gergurich, Elizabeth L.] Univ Oklahoma, Sch Geol & Geophys, Norman, OK 73019 USA.
[Simmons, Jack D.] Weston Solut Inc, Austin, TX 78746 USA.
[Swarzenski, Peter W.] IAEA, MC-98000 Principality Of Monaco, Monaco.
RP Cohen, AS (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM cohen@email.arizona.edu
FU National Science Foundation [ATM 0223920, BIO 0353765]; Nyanza Project
[DEB 1030242]; Lake Tanganyika Biodiversity Project; USGS Coastal and
Marine Geology Program; Society of Exploration Geophysicists Foundation
Geoscientists Without Borders Program [201401005]; Packard Foundation
Fellowship; Nature Conservancy [Tuungane Project]
FX We thank Ishmael Kimerei, Donatius Chitamwebwa, the Tanzania Fisheries
Research Institute staff, Rashid Tamatamah, Kiram Lezzar, Simone Alin,
and the students of the Nyanza Project for coring assistance; The Nature
Conservancy and its Tuungane Project staff for logistical support; and
Colin Apse and two anonymous reviewers for comments on an earlier draft
of this paper. Research permits were kindly provided by the Tanzania
Council for Science and Technology and the University of Dar es Salaam.
Digital bathymetric model data in Fig. 1 are courtesy of tcarta.com.
This project was funded by the National Science Foundation [Grants ATM
0223920 (to A.S.C.) and BIO 0353765 (to A.S.C.), The Nyanza Project and
Grant DEB 1030242 (to P.B.M.)], the Lake Tanganyika Biodiversity Project
(A.S.C.), the USGS Coastal and Marine Geology Program (P.W.S.), Society
of Exploration Geophysicists Foundation Geoscientists Without Borders
Program [Grant 201401005 (to M.M.M.)], a Packard Foundation Fellowship
(P.B.M.), and the Nature Conservancy [Tuungane Project (P.B.M. and
M.M.M.)].
NR 37
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U1 33
U2 46
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 23
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 34
BP 9563
EP 9568
DI 10.1073/pnas.1603237113
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT9ZK
UT WOS:000381860800056
PM 27503877
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, RR
Regehr, EV
Rode, KD
St Martin, M
AF Wilson, Ryan R.
Regehr, Eric V.
Rode, Karyn D.
St Martin, Michelle
TI Invariant polar bear habitat selection during a period of sea ice loss
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; habitat loss; habitat selection; polar bear; resource
selection; sea ice
ID RESOURCE SELECTION; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FUNCTIONAL-RESPONSES; HOME-RANGE;
DYNAMICS; CHOICE
AB Climate change is expected to alter many species' habitat. A species' ability to adjust to these changes is partially determined by their ability to adjust habitat selection preferences to new environmental conditions. Sea ice loss has forced polar bears (Ursus maritimus) to spend longer periods annually over less productive waters, which may be a primary driver of population declines. A negative population response to greater time spent over less productive water implies, however, that prey are not also shifting their space use in response to sea ice loss. We show that polar bear habitat selection in the Chukchi Sea has not changed between periods before and after significant sea ice loss, leading to a 75% reduction of highly selected habitat in summer. Summer was the only period with loss of highly selected habitat, supporting the contention that summer will be a critical period for polar bears as sea ice loss continues. Our results indicate that bears are either unable to shift selection patterns to reflect new prey use patterns or that there has not been a shift towards polar basin waters becoming more productive for prey. Continued sea ice loss is likely to further reduce habitat with population-level consequences for polar bears.
C1 [Wilson, Ryan R.; Regehr, Eric V.; St Martin, Michelle] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
[Rode, Karyn D.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, 4210 Univ Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Wilson, RR (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 1011 E Tudor Rd, Anchorage, AK 99503 USA.
EM ryan_r_wilson@fws.gov
OI Rode, Karyn/0000-0002-3328-8202
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service; Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of
the US Geological Survey Ecosystems Mission Area; Coastal Impact
Assistance Program grant; National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; Detroit
Zoological Association; National Science Foundation [DEB 1145200]
FX Funding for this study was provided by the US Fish and Wildlife Service,
the Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the US Geological Survey
Ecosystems Mission Area, a Coastal Impact Assistance Program grant, the
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation and the Detroit Zoological
Association. The Alaska Department of Fish and Game, North Slope
Borough, the Alaska Nanuuq Commission, National Park Service, the
communities of Point Hope and Kotzebue, Selawik National Wildlife
Refuge, Red Dog Mine, Teck Alaska Inc. and Nana provided significant
support for this research. This study benefitted from a course on the
use of Bayesian methods in Ecology supported by the National Science
Foundation (DEB 1145200).
NR 44
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U1 56
U2 56
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 0962-8452
EI 1471-2954
J9 P ROY SOC B-BIOL SCI
JI Proc. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci.
PD AUG 17
PY 2016
VL 283
IS 1836
AR 20160380
DI 10.1098/rspb.2016.0380
PG 8
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DX3LN
UT WOS:000384274700004
ER
PT J
AU Christman, MC
Doctor, DH
Niemiller, ML
Weary, DJ
Young, JA
Zigler, KS
Culver, DC
AF Christman, Mary C.
Doctor, Daniel H.
Niemiller, Matthew L.
Weary, David J.
Young, John A.
Zigler, Kirk S.
Culver, David C.
TI Predicting the Occurrence of Cave-Inhabiting Fauna Based on Features of
the Earth Surface Environment
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; TELEOSTEI AMBLYOPSIDAE; COMMUNITY-LEVEL;
BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS; DIVERSITY; FUTURE; CRUSTACEANS; TENNESSEE;
ECOLOGY
AB One of the most challenging fauna to study in situ is the obligate cave fauna because of the difficulty of sampling. Cave-limited species display patchy and restricted distributions, but it is often unclear whether the observed distribution is a sampling artifact or a true restriction in range. Further, the drivers of the distribution could be local environmental conditions, such as cave humidity, or they could be associated with surface features that are surrogates for cave conditions. If surface features can be used to predict the distribution of important cave taxa, then conservation management is more easily obtained. We examined the hypothesis that the presence of major faunal groups of cave obligate species could be predicted based on features of the earth surface. Georeferenced records of cave obligate amphipods, crayfish, fish, isopods, beetles, millipedes, pseudoscorpions, spiders, and springtails within the area of Appalachian Landscape Conservation Cooperative in the eastern United States (Illinois to Virginia and New York to Alabama) were assigned to 20 x 20 km grid cells. Habitat suitability for these faunal groups was modeled using logistic regression with twenty predictor variables within each grid cell, such as percent karst, soil features, temperature, precipitation, and elevation. Models successfully predicted the presence of a group greater than 65% of the time (mean = 88%) for the presence of single grid cell endemics, and for all faunal groups except pseudoscorpions. The most common predictor variables were latitude, percent karst, and the standard deviation of the Topographic Position Index (TPI), a measure of landscape rugosity within each grid cell. The overall success of these models points to a number of important connections between the surface and cave environments, and some of these, especially soil features and topographic variability, suggest new research directions. These models should prove to be useful tools in predicting the presence of species in understudied areas.
C1 [Christman, Mary C.] Univ Florida, Dept Biol & Stat, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Christman, Mary C.] MCC Stat Consulting LLC, Gainesville, FL USA.
[Doctor, Daniel H.; Weary, David J.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Niemiller, Matthew L.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Nat Hist Survey, Prairie Res Inst, Champaign, IL USA.
[Young, John A.] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV USA.
[Zigler, Kirk S.] Univ South, Dept Biol, Sewanee, TN USA.
[Culver, David C.] Amer Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
RP Culver, DC (reprint author), Amer Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Washington, DC 20016 USA.
EM dculver@american.edu
FU Wildlife Management Institute through the Appalachian Land Conservation
Cooperative (ALCC); commercial company, MCC Statistical Consulting LCC
FX This work was supported by the Wildlife Management Institute through the
Appalachian Land Conservation Cooperative (ALCC 2013-4) to DCC. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. One author (MCC)
is employed by a commercial company, MCC Statistical Consulting LCC. The
funder provided support in the form of salaries for an author [MCC], but
did not have any additional role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The
specific role of this author is articulated in the 'author
contributions' section.; We thank the Alabama and Tennessee Cave Surveys
and the Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, Virginia, and West Virginia
Speleological Surveys for assistance with georeferencing data. We thank
D. Feller, E. Hazelton, G. Moni, J. Lewis, Alabama Natural Heritage
Program, Georgia Natural Heritage Program, Kentucky State Nature
Preserves Commission, Maryland Natural Heritage Program, Tennessee
Chapter of The Nature Conservancy, Tennessee Natural Heritage Program,
Virginia Natural Heritage Program, and West Virginia Natural Heritage
Program for providing biological data. Funding for this work was
provided by the Wildlife Management Institute through the Appalachian
Land Conservation Cooperative (ALCC 2013-4). The data used for this work
are available online through the USGS ScienceBase system [48]. Any use
of trade, firm, or productnames is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 48
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U1 13
U2 13
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 17
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0160408
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160408
PG 19
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT4YN
UT WOS:000381487600029
PM 27532611
ER
PT J
AU Peacock, JR
Mangan, MT
McPhee, D
Wannamaker, PE
AF Peacock, J. R.
Mangan, M. T.
McPhee, D.
Wannamaker, P. E.
TI Three-dimensional electrical resistivity model of the hydrothermal
system in Long Valley Caldera, California, from magnetotellurics
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Long Valley Caldera; magnetotellurics; hydrothermal; 3-D modeling
ID EASTERN CALIFORNIA; MAMMOTH MOUNTAIN; MONO BASIN; TELESEISMIC
TOMOGRAPHY; SURFACE DEFORMATION; VELOCITY STRUCTURE; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE;
VOLCANIC COMPLEX; EARTHQUAKE SWARM; MAGMATIC SYSTEM
AB Though shallow flow of hydrothermal fluids in Long Valley Caldera, California, has been well studied, neither the hydrothermal source reservoir nor heat source has been well characterized. Here a grid of magnetotelluric data were collected around the Long Valley volcanic system and modeled in 3-D. The preferred electrical resistivity model suggests that the source reservoir is a narrow east-west elongated body 4km below the west moat. The heat source could be a zone of 2-5% partial melt 8km below Deer Mountain. Additionally, a collection of hypersaline fluids, not connected to the shallow hydrothermal system, is found 3km below the medial graben, which could originate from a zone of 5-10% partial melt 8km below the south moat. Below Mammoth Mountain is a 3km thick isolated body containing fluids and gases originating from an 8km deep zone of 5-10% basaltic partial melt.
C1 [Peacock, J. R.; Mangan, M. T.; McPhee, D.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Wannamaker, P. E.] Univ Utah, Energy & Geosci Inst, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
RP Peacock, JR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jpeacock@usgs.gov
FU USGS Mendenhall Research Fellowship program
FX The authors would like to thank Gabe Matson, Carson MacPherson-Krutsky,
Bruce Chuchel, Ryan Kogler, Stuart Wilkinson, and Monica Mustain for
field support. The authors are grateful to Weerachai Siripunvaraporn and
Gary Egbert for making their 3-D MT inversion codes academically
available and to the high-end computing capability (HECC) at NASA Ames
for allocating time on the Pleiades supercomputer for the 3-D
inversions. The manuscript was greatly improved by reviews from Bill
Evans, Dave Hill, Wes Hildreth, Gillian R. Foulger, and an anonymous
reviewer. This work was supported by the USGS Mendenhall Research
Fellowship program. The 3-D visualization was done with Paraview
(http://paraview.org), and figures where made with MTpy
(https://github.com/geophysics/mtpy), ArcMap, and Inkscape. MT data are
available upon request. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 66
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U1 5
U2 5
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 15
BP 7953
EP 7962
DI 10.1002/2016GL069263
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV9VM
UT WOS:000383290300020
ER
PT J
AU Miller, NC
Lizarralde, D
AF Miller, Nathaniel C.
Lizarralde, Daniel
TI Finite-frequency wave propagation through outer rise fault zones and
seismic measurements of upper mantle hydration
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE outer rise faulting; serpentinization; seismic anisotropy
ID MIDDLE AMERICA TRENCH; PREFERRED ORIENTATION; TECTONIC PRESSURE;
ANISOTROPY; SERPENTINIZATION; OLIVINE; WATER; LITHOSPHERE; PLATE;
CONSTRAINTS
AB Effects of serpentine-filled fault zones on seismic wave propagation in the upper mantle at the outer rise of subduction zones are evaluated using acoustic wave propagation models. Modeled wave speeds depend on azimuth, with slowest speeds in the fault-normal direction. Propagation is fastest along faults, but, for fault widths on the order of the seismic wavelength, apparent wave speeds in this direction depend on frequency. For the 5-12Hz Pn arrivals used in tomographic studies, joint-parallel wavefronts are slowed by joints. This delay can account for the slowing seen in tomographic images of the outer rise upper mantle. At the Middle America Trench, confining serpentine to fault zones, as opposed to a uniform distribution, reduces estimates of bulk upper mantle hydration from similar to 3.5wt% to as low as 0.33wt% H2O.
C1 [Miller, Nathaniel C.] US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Lizarralde, Daniel] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Geol & Geophys, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
RP Miller, NC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Woods Hole Sci Ctr, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
EM ncmiller@usgs.gov
OI Miller, Nathan/0000-0003-3271-2929
FU NSF [OCE-0841063]
FX Synthetic data are available from N.M. This work was supported by NSF
grant OCE-0841063 to D.L. This manuscript benefited from thoughtful
discussions with John Collins; reviews by Jun Korenaga and access to his
paper in review on cracking and mantle hydration during plate bending;
and input from an anonymous reviewer. Maps and figures were plotted with
QGIS [QGIS Development Team, 2015] and matplotlib [Hunter, 2007].
NR 47
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD AUG 16
PY 2016
VL 43
IS 15
BP 7982
EP 7990
DI 10.1002/2016GL070083
PG 9
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV9VM
UT WOS:000383290300023
ER
PT J
AU Smart, MD
Pettis, JS
Euliss, N
Spivak, MS
AF Smart, Matthew D.
Pettis, Jeff S.
Euliss, Ned
Spivak, Marla S.
TI Land use in the Northern Great Plains region of the US influences the
survival and productivity of honey bee colonies
SO AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Agriculture; Land use; Apis mellifera; Colony survival; Honey bee; Honey
production; Pesticide exposure; Pollen collection
ID UNITED-STATES; APIS-MELLIFERA; INFORMED PARTNERSHIP; COLLAPSE DISORDER;
NATIONAL-SURVEY; LOSSES; WINTER; HYMENOPTERA; RESISTANCE; COUMAPHOS
AB The Northern Great Plains region of the US annually hosts a large portion of commercially managed U.S. honey bee colonies each summer. Changing land use patterns over the last several decades have contributed to declines in the availability of bee forage across the region, and the future sustainability of the region to support honey bee colonies is unclear. We examined the influence of varying land use on the survivorship and productivity of honey bee colonies located in six apiaries within the Northern Great Plains state of North Dakota, an area of intensive agriculture and high density of beekeeping operations. Land use surrounding the apiaries was quantified over three years, 2010-2012, and survival and productivity of honey bee colonies were determined in response to the amount of bee forage land within a 3.2-km radius of each apiary. The area of uncultivated forage land (including pasture, USDA conservation program fields, fallow land, flowering woody plants, grassland, hay land, and roadside ditches) exerted a positive impact on annual apiary survival and honey production. Taxonomic diversity of bee-collected pollen and pesticide residues contained therein varied seasonally among apiaries, but overall were not correlated to large-scale land use patterns or survival and honey production. The predominant flowering plants utilized by honey bee colonies for pollen were volunteer species present in unmanaged (for honey bees), and often ephemeral, lands; thus placing honey bee colonies in a precarious situation for acquiring forage and nutrients over the entire growing season. We discuss the implications for land management, conservation, and beekeeper site selection in the Northern Great Plains to adequately support honey bee colonies and insure long term security for pollinator-dependent crops across the entire country. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Smart, Matthew D.; Spivak, Marla S.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Entomol, St Paul, MN USA.
[Pettis, Jeff S.] ARS, USDA, Bee Res Lab, Beltsville, MD USA.
[Euliss, Ned] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, MD 58401 USA.
RP Smart, MD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, 8711 37th St SE, Jamestown, MD 58401 USA.
EM msmart@usgs.gov; jeff.pettis@ars.usda.gov; eulissfamilyinnd@gmail.com;
spiva001@umn.edu
OI Spivak, Marla/0000-0002-6822-3636
FU USDA-NIFA; North Dakota Department of Agriculture
FX The authors would like to thank the collaborating beekeeper Zac
Browning, USDA technician Nathan Rice, and USGS technicians Jordan Neau
and Cali Roth. We would also like to thank Margaret McDermott for
assistance with pollen identification. This project was funded by grants
from USDA-NIFA and the North Dakota Department of Agriculture.
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-8809
EI 1873-2305
J9 AGR ECOSYST ENVIRON
JI Agric. Ecosyst. Environ.
PD AUG 16
PY 2016
VL 230
BP 139
EP 149
DI 10.1016/j.agee.2016.05.030
PG 11
WC Agriculture, Multidisciplinary; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Agriculture; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DT9PJ
UT WOS:000381834500015
ER
PT J
AU Mosquera, GM
Celleri, R
Lazo, PX
Vache, KB
Perakis, SS
Crespo, P
AF Mosquera, Giovanny M.
Celleri, Rolando
Lazo, Patricio X.
Vache, Kellie B.
Perakis, Steven S.
Crespo, Patricio
TI Combined use of isotopic and hydrometric data to conceptualize
ecohydrological processes in a high-elevation tropical ecosystem
SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
LA English
DT Article
DE runoff generation and regulation; ecohydrological processes; andosol and
histosol; stable isotopes; tropical wetlands; wet Andean paramo
ID RAINFALL-RUNOFF RESPONSE; MONTANE CLOUD FOREST; LAND-USE CHANGE;
TRANSIT-TIME; GLACIERIZED CATCHMENT; GENERATION PROCESSES; BEDROCK
GROUNDWATER; HEADWATER CATCHMENT; MESOSCALE CATCHMENT; ANDEAN ECOSYSTEMS
AB Few high-elevation tropical catchments worldwide are gauged, and even fewer are studied using combined hydrometric and isotopic data. Consequently, we lack information needed to understand processes governing rainfall-runoff dynamics and to predict their influence on downstream ecosystem functioning. To address this need, we present a combination of hydrometric and water stable isotopic observations in the wet Andean paramo ecosystem of the Zhurucay Ecohydrological Observatory (7.53km(2)). The catchment is located in the Andes of south Ecuador between 3400 and 3900ma.s.l. Water samples for stable isotopic analysis were collected during 2years (May 2011-May 2013), while rainfall and runoff measurements were continuously recorded since late 2010. The isotopic data reveal that andosol soils predominantly situated on hillslopes drain laterally to histosols (Andean paramo wetlands) mainly located at the valley bottom. Histosols, in turn, feed water to creeks and small rivers throughout the year, establishing hydrologic connectivity between wetlands and the drainage network. Runoff is primarily composed of pre-event water stored in the histosols, which is replenished by rainfall that infiltrates through the andosols. Contributions from the mineral horizon and the top of the fractured bedrock are small and only seem to influence discharge in small catchments during low flow generation (non-exceedance flows50 years) experiment in northern Arizona to investigate impacts of repeated stand thinning that maintained different growing stock basal areas (0, 7, 14, 23, 34, 66 m(2) ha(-1)) on early seedling survival, growth, and microenvironment. Seedling survival for the first two years after germination (2013-2015), which had above-average precipitation, was higher than reported in several earlier studies and ranged between 4 and 21% among all basal areas. Seedling density exhibited a negative quadratic relationship with basal area and was positively associated with litter cover. Growing stock levels that fostered the highest seedling survival and density were those with a low density of overstory trees, low canopy cover, high cone production, coverage of soil by a thin layer of litter, and high soil water content at a depth of 15-30 cm. Overstory basal area was positively associated with seedling height but negatively associated with seedling diameter. During this relatively wet period, all basal area treatments supported higher average seedling densities than those previously recommended to produce a multi-aged stand or presettlement structure in the southwestern United States. Our results show that long-term maintenance of low to intermediate basal areas (7-23 m(2) ha(-1)) by thinning over the last 50 years led to a favorable microenvironment for early seedling establishment of ponderosa pine. (c) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Flathers, Kelsey N.; Kolb, Thomas E.; Waring, Kristen M.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Bradford, John B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Moser, W. Keith] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Forest & Woodland Ecosyst Sci, Flagstaff, AZ USA.
RP Kolb, TE (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM tom.kolb@nau.edu
RI Bradford, John/E-5545-2011
FU United States Geological Survey [G13AC00268]; USGS Ecosystems mission
area; Climate and Landuse Change mission area
FX The project described in this publication was supported by
Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number G13AC00268 from the United States
Geological Survey to Northern Arizona University. JBB was supported by
the USGS Ecosystems mission area and the Climate and Landuse Change
mission area. We thank Ashley Wilde man and Megan Sullivan for help with
data collection, and two anonymous reviewers for their helpful
suggestions. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 78
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U1 20
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0378-1127
EI 1872-7042
J9 FOREST ECOL MANAG
JI For. Ecol. Manage.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 374
BP 154
EP 165
DI 10.1016/j.foreco.2016.04.053
PG 12
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA DP3AB
UT WOS:000378363700017
ER
PT J
AU Lawrence, GB
Burns, DA
Riva-Murray, K
AF Lawrence, Gregory B.
Burns, Douglas A.
Riva-Murray, Karen
TI A new look at liming as an approach to accelerate recovery from acidic
deposition effects
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Calcium depletion; Recovery from acidification; Watershed liming;
Aluminum toxicity
ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; BROOK-EXPERIMENTAL-FOREST; NORTHERN HARDWOOD
FOREST; TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; SPRUCE PICEA-RUBENS; SUGAR MAPLE
TREES; NEW-YORK; WATER-CHEMISTRY; LIMESTONE TREATMENT; CALCIUM ADDITION
AB Acidic deposition caused by fossil fuel combustion has degraded aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems in North America for over four decades. The only management option other than emissions reductions for combating the effects of acidic deposition has been the application of lime to neutralize acidity after it has been deposited on the landscape. For this reason, liming has been a part of acid rain science from the beginning. However, continued declines in acidic deposition have led to partial recovery of surface water chemistry, and the start of soil recovery. Liming is therefore no longer needed to prevent further damage, so the question becomes whether liming would be useful for accelerating recovery of systems where improvement has lagged. As more is learned about recovering ecosystems, it has become clear that recovery rates vary with watershed characteristics and among ecosystem components. Lakes appear to show the strongest recovery, but recovery in streams is sluggish and recovery of soils appears to be in the early stages. The method in which lime is applied is therefore critical in achieving the goal of accelerated recovery. Application of lime to a watershed provides the advantage of increasing Ca availability and reducing or preventing mobilization of toxic Al, an outcome that is beneficial to both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. However, the goal should not be complete neutralization of soil acidity, which is naturally produced. Liming of naturally acidic areas such as wetlands should also be avoided to prevent damage to indigenous species that rely on an acidic environment. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Lawrence, Gregory B.; Burns, Douglas A.; Riva-Murray, Karen] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
RP Lawrence, GB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM glawrenc@usgs.gov; daburns@usgs.gov; kmurray@usgs.gov
OI Lawrence, Gregory/0000-0002-8035-2350
FU New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA)
[22237]; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Funding for this review was provided by the New York State Energy
Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA) (22237) and the U.S.
Geological Survey. We thank Howard Simonin for his helpful review.
NR 139
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PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 562
BP 35
EP 46
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.176
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DN9AW
UT WOS:000377372400004
PM 27092419
ER
PT J
AU King, DN
Donohue, MJ
Vesper, SJ
Villegas, EN
Ware, MW
Vogel, ME
Furlong, EF
Kolpin, DW
Glassmeyer, ST
Pfaller, S
AF King, Dawn N.
Donohue, Maura J.
Vesper, Stephen J.
Villegas, Eric N.
Ware, Michael W.
Vogel, Megan E.
Furlong, Edward F.
Kolpin, Dana W.
Glassmeyer, Susan T.
Pfaller, Stacy
TI Microbial pathogens in source and treated waters from drinking water
treatment plants in the United States and implications for human health
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Pathogens; Drinking water; Treatment; Source water; Occurrence
ID MYCOBACTERIUM-AVIUM; QUANTITATIVE PCR; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE;
CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; LEGIONELLA; MONOCHLORAMINE; COLONIZATION; ASPERGILLUS;
BIOFILMS; PARATUBERCULOSIS
AB An occurrence survey was conducted on selected pathogens in source and treated drinking water collected from 25 drinking water treatment plants (DWTPs) in the United States. Water samples were analyzed for the protozoa Giardia and Cryptosporidium(EPA Method 1623); the fungi Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus terreus (quantitative PCR [qPCR]); and the bacteria Legionella pneumophila (qPCR), Mycobacterium avium, M. avium subspecies paratuberculosis, and Mycobacterium intracellulare (qPCR and culture). Cryptosporidium and Giardia were detected in 25% and in 46% of the source water samples, respectively (treated waters were not tested). Aspergillus fumigatus was the most commonly detected fungus in source waters (48%) but none of the three fungi were detected in treated water. Legionella pneumophila was detected in 25% of the source water samples but in only 4% of treated water samples. M. avium and M. intracellulare were both detected in 25% of source water, while all three mycobacteria were detected in 36% of treated water samples. Five species of mycobacteria, Mycobacterium mucogenicum, Mycobacterium phocaicum, Mycobacterium triplex, Mycobacterium fortuitum, and Mycobacterium lentiflavum were cultured from treated water samples. Although these DWTPs represent a fraction of those in the U.S., the results suggest that many of these pathogens are widespread in source waters but that treatment is generally effective in reducing them to below detection limits. The one exception is the mycobacteria, which were commonly detected in treated water, even when not detected in source waters. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [King, Dawn N.; Donohue, Maura J.; Vesper, Stephen J.; Villegas, Eric N.; Ware, Michael W.; Glassmeyer, Susan T.; Pfaller, Stacy] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Vogel, Megan E.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, 231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA.
[Furlong, Edward F.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, POB 25585, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Kolpin, Dana W.] US Geol Survey, 400 S Clinton St, Iowa City, IA 52240 USA.
RP Pfaller, S (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 West Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM pfaller.stacy@epa.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency [DW14922330]; USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology Program; USEPA's
Office of Research and Development, Office of Water, Office of Chemical
Safety and Pollution Prevention
FX The authors declare no competing financial interest. The information in
this document has been funded partially or wholly by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency. The research described in this article
has been funded in part by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
through Interagency Agreement DW14922330 to the U.S. Geological Survey,
and through programmatic support of the USGS Toxic Substances Hydrology
Program and the USEPA's Office of Research and Development, Office of
Water, Office of Chemical Safety and Pollution Prevention, and Region 8.
Information Collection Rule approval for the Phase II Questionnaire was
granted under USEPA ICR No. 2346.01, OMB Control No. 2080-0078. This
manuscript has been subjected to review by the National Health and
Environmental Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication.
Approval does not signify that the contents reflect the views of the
USEPA and mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendation for use by USEPA. This document
has been reviewed in accordance with USGS policy and approved for
publication. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The
authors would like to thank all participating DWTPs for their
involvement in the project and for their assistance in collecting the
samples.
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U2 39
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 562
BP 987
EP 995
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.03.214
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DN9AW
UT WOS:000377372400096
PM 27260619
ER
PT J
AU Jochum, KP
Wilson, SA
Becker, H
Garbe-Schonberg, D
Groschopf, N
Kadlag, Y
Macholdt, DS
Mertz-Kraus, R
Otter, LM
Stoll, B
Stracke, A
Weis, U
Haug, GH
Andreae, MO
AF Jochum, K. P.
Wilson, S. A.
Becker, H.
Garbe-Schonberg, D.
Groschopf, N.
Kadlag, Y.
Macholdt, D. S.
Mertz-Kraus, R.
Otter, L. M.
Stoll, B.
Stracke, A.
Weis, U.
Haug, G. H.
Andreae, M. O.
TI FeMnOx-1: A new microanalytical reference material for the investigation
of Mn-Fe rich geological samples
SO CHEMICAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Reference material; Microanalysis; Manganese
ID LA-ICP-MS; ROCK-VARNISH; YANGTZE PLATFORM; SOUTH CHINA; CONSTRAINTS;
CHEMISTRY; NODULES; ELEMENT; SCALE; SEA
AB Suitable Mn-Fe rich microanalytical reference materials (MRMs) as calibration material for laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA-ICPMS) have not been available. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) in collaboration with the Max Planck Institute for Chemistry has prepared a synthetic MRM, FeMnOx-1, with elevated mass fractions of MnO (25 g/100 g), Fe2O3 (8.5 g/100 g) and high mass fractions of 25 trace elements varying between 200 and 5000 mg/kg. This new MRM has been designed as calibration material for a wide range of different Mn-Fe deposits, such as desert/rock varnish, ocean crusts and nodules as well as Mn accumulations in soils and lakes. Small-scale and large-scale homogeneity of FeMnOx-1 were tested with three LA systems (200 nm femtosecond, and 193 nm and 213 nm nanosecond lasers) using different spot sizes and fluences. Our results demonstrate that FeMnOx-1 is homogeneous in the pg to mu g and nm to mu m range and therefore well suited for microanalytical applications. The relative standard deviation (RSD) values obtained from repeated measurements are about 2-3% for test portion masses of 5-100 ng, and are comparable to those of the homogeneous NIST SRM610 and USGS GSE-1G reference glasses. Homogeneity of FeMnOx-1 was also verified for a test portion of 0.1 ng. Seven laboratories using five different bulk and microanalytical techniques were involved in the characterization of FeMnOx-1. Small amounts of this MRM can be obtained on request from the authors. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jochum, K. P.; Macholdt, D. S.; Otter, L. M.; Stoll, B.; Weis, U.; Haug, G. H.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
[Jochum, K. P.; Macholdt, D. S.; Otter, L. M.; Stoll, B.; Weis, U.; Andreae, M. O.] Max Planck Inst Chem, Biogeochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
[Wilson, S. A.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Box 25016,MS 973, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Becker, H.; Kadlag, Y.] Free Univ Berlin, Inst Geol Wissensch, Malteserstr 74-100, D-12249 Berlin, Germany.
[Garbe-Schonberg, D.] Univ Kiel, Inst Geowissensch, Ludewig Meyn Str 10, D-24118 Kiel, Germany.
[Groschopf, N.; Mertz-Kraus, R.] Johannes Gutenberg Univ Mainz, Inst Geowissensch, JJ Becher Weg 21, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Stracke, A.] Univ Munster, Inst Mineral, Corrensstr 24, D-48149 Munster, Germany.
RP Jochum, KP (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Chem, Climate Geochem Dept, POB 3060, D-55020 Mainz, Germany.
EM k.jochum@mpic.de
RI Andreae, Meinrat/B-1068-2008
OI Andreae, Meinrat/0000-0003-1968-7925
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 6
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0009-2541
EI 1878-5999
J9 CHEM GEOL
JI Chem. Geol.
PD AUG 15
PY 2016
VL 432
BP 34
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.03.026
PG 7
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DL1UE
UT WOS:000375417300003
ER
PT J
AU Stavreva, DA
Varticovski, L
Levkova, L
George, AA
Davis, L
Pegoraro, G
Blazer, V
Iwanowicz, L
Hager, GL
AF Stavreva, Diana A.
Varticovski, Lyuba
Levkova, Ludmila
George, Anuja A.
Davis, Luke
Pegoraro, Gianluca
Blazer, Vicki
Iwanowicz, Luke
Hager, Gordon L.
TI Novel cell-based assay for detection of thyroid receptor
beta-interacting environmental contaminants
SO TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE EDCs; TR beta; High-throughput cell assay; BPA; TBBPA
ID ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; GREEN FLUORESCENT PROTEIN; REPORTER GENE
ASSAY; IN-VITRO; HORMONE DISRUPTION; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; NUCLEAR
RECEPTORS; LIVING CELLS; BISPHENOL-A; TRANSLOCATION
AB Even though the presence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with thyroid hormone (TH)-like activities in the environment is a major health concern, the methods for their efficient detection and monitoring are still limited. Here we describe a novel cell assay, based on the translocation of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged chimeric molecule of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and the thyroid receptor beta (TR beta) from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in the presence of TR ligands. Unlike the constitutively nuclear TR beta, this GFP-GR-TR beta chimera is cytoplasmic in the absence of hormone while translocating to the nucleus in a time- and concentration-dependent manner upon stimulation with triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroid hormone analogue, TRIAC, while the reverse triiodothyronine (3,3',5'-triiodothyronine, or rT3) was inactive. Moreover, GFP-GR-TR beta chimera does not show any cross reactivity with the GR-activating hormones, thus providing a clean system for the screening of TR beta interacting EDCs. Using this assay, we demonstrated that Bisphenol A (BPA) and 3,3',5,5'-Tetrabromobisphenol (TBBPA) induced GFP-GR-TR beta translocation at micro molar concentrations. We screened over 100 concentrated water samples from different geographic locations in the United States and detected a low, but reproducible contamination in 53% of the samples. This system provides a novel high throughput approach for screening for endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interacting with TR beta. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 [Stavreva, Diana A.; Varticovski, Lyuba; George, Anuja A.; Davis, Luke; Pegoraro, Gianluca; Hager, Gordon L.] NCI, Lab Receptor Biol & Gene Express, NIH, Bldg 41,B602,41 Lib Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
[Levkova, Ludmila] Univ Utah, Dept Phys & Astron, Phys & Astron, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Blazer, Vicki; Iwanowicz, Luke] US Geol Survey, Leetown Sci Ctr, Natl Fish Hlth Res Lab, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
[George, Anuja A.] Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Dept Pharmacol, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Davis, Luke] Tulane Univ, 6823 St Charles Ave, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
RP Stavreva, DA; Hager, GL (reprint author), NCI, Lab Receptor Biol & Gene Express, NIH, Bldg 41,B602,41 Lib Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM stavrevd@mail.nih.gov; hagerg@exchange.nih.gov
RI George, Anuja/C-5963-2017;
OI George, Anuja/0000-0003-2643-6307; Iwanowicz, Luke/0000-0002-1197-6178
FU Intramural Research Program of the NIH, Center for Cancer Research,
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health
[HHSN261200800001E]; NCI High Throughput Facility
FX This study has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from
the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, Center for Cancer Research,
National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, under Contract
No. HHSN261200800001E. The content of this publication does not
necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health
and Human Services. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. We acknowledge the support of the NCI High Throughput
Facility. We also acknowledge the assistance of Tatiana Karpova, LRBGE
Fluorescence Imaging Facility.
NR 46
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U1 4
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0300-483X
J9 TOXICOLOGY
JI Toxicology
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 368
BP 69
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.tox.2016.08.012
PG 11
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA EB2NO
UT WOS:000387199300008
PM 27528272
ER
PT J
AU Morelli, TL
Daly, C
Dobrowski, SZ
Dulen, DM
Ebersole, JL
Jackson, ST
Lundquist, JD
Millar, CI
Maher, SP
Monahan, WB
Nydick, KR
Redmond, KT
Sawyer, SC
Stock, S
Beissinger, SR
AF Morelli, Toni Lyn
Daly, Christopher
Dobrowski, Solomon Z.
Dulen, Deanna M.
Ebersole, Joseph L.
Jackson, Stephen T.
Lundquist, Jessica D.
Millar, Constance I.
Maher, Sean P.
Monahan, William B.
Nydick, Koren R.
Redmond, Kelly T.
Sawyer, Sarah C.
Stock, Sarah
Beissinger, Steven R.
TI Managing Climate Change Refugia for Climate Adaptation
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; RIVER RESTORATION; CHANGE IMPACTS; BIODIVERSITY;
MICROREFUGIA; ECOSYSTEMS; MODELS; CONSERVATION; COMMUNITIES; RESPONSES
AB Refugia have long been studied from paleontological and biogeographical perspectives to understand how populations persisted during past periods of unfavorable climate. Recently, researchers have applied the idea to contemporary landscapes to identify climate change refugia, here defined as areas relatively buffered from contemporary climate change over time that enable persistence of valued physical, ecological, and socio-cultural resources. We differentiate historical and contemporary views, and characterize physical and ecological processes that create and maintain climate change refugia. We then delineate how refugia can fit into existing decision support frameworks for climate adaptation and describe seven steps for managing them. Finally, we identify challenges and opportunities for operationalizing the concept of climate change refugia. Managing climate change refugia can be an important option for conservation in the face of ongoing climate change.
C1 [Morelli, Toni Lyn] US Geol Survey, DOI Northeast Climate Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.
[Morelli, Toni Lyn; Maher, Sean P.; Beissinger, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Morelli, Toni Lyn; Maher, Sean P.; Beissinger, Steven R.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Daly, Christopher] Oregon State Univ, Coll Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dobrowski, Solomon Z.] Univ Montana, Coll Forestry & Conservat, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Dulen, Deanna M.] Natl Pk Serv, Devils Postpile Natl Monument, Mammoth Lakes, CA 93546 USA.
[Ebersole, Joseph L.] US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] US Geol Survey, DOI Southwest Climate Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Dept Geosci, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Jackson, Stephen T.] Univ Arizona, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Lundquist, Jessica D.] Univ Washington, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Millar, Constance I.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Res Stn, Albany, CA 94710 USA.
[Maher, Sean P.] Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Springfield, MO 65897 USA.
[Monahan, William B.] USDA Forest Serv, Forest Hlth Technol Enterprise Team, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA.
[Nydick, Koren R.] Natl Pk Serv, Sequoia & Kings Canyon Natl Pk, Three Rivers, CA USA.
[Redmond, Kelly T.] Desert Res Inst, Western Reg Climate Ctr, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
[Sawyer, Sarah C.] USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, Vallejo, CA 94592 USA.
[Stock, Sarah] Natl Pk Serv, Yosemite Natl Pk, El Portal, CA 95318 USA.
RP Morelli, TL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, DOI Northeast Climate Sci Ctr, Amherst, MA 01002 USA.; Morelli, TL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Environm Sci Policy & Management, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.; Morelli, TL (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Museum Vertebrate Zool, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM tmorelli@usgs.gov
OI Morelli, Toni Lyn/0000-0001-5865-5294
FU California Landscape Conservation Cooperative; Department of Interior
Northeast Climate Science Center
FX This work was supported by funding from the California Landscape
Conservation Cooperative (www.californialcc.org) and the Department of
Interior Northeast Climate Science Center (necsc.umass.edu). The funders
had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to
publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 76
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U1 27
U2 27
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 10
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0159909
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0159909
PG 17
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT3KR
UT WOS:000381380400017
PM 27509088
ER
PT J
AU Mims, MC
Hauser, L
Goldberg, CS
Olden, JD
AF Mims, Meryl C.
Hauser, Lorenz
Goldberg, Caren S.
Olden, Julian D.
TI Genetic Differentiation, Isolation-by-Distance, and Metapopulation
Dynamics of the Arizona Treefrog (Hyla wrightorum) in an Isolated
Portion of Its Range
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID EFFECTIVE POPULATION-SIZE; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; MICROSATELLITE DATA;
LANDSCAPE; SOFTWARE; CONSERVATION; CONTEMPORARY; AMPHIBIANS; PROGRAM;
MODEL
AB Population attributes such as diversity, connectivity, and structure are important components of understanding species persistence and vulnerability to extinction. Hyla wrightorum, the Arizona treefrog, is native to the southwestern United States and Mexico, and an isolated group of populations exists in the Huachuca Mountains and Canelo Hills (HMCH) of southeastern Arizona, USA. Due to concerns about declining observations of the species within the isolated HMCH portion of its range, the HMCH group is currently a candidate for federal protection under the U.S. Endangered Species Act. We present results of a genetic study examining population diversity, structure, and connectivity within the HMCH region. We sampled DNA from H. wrightorum larvae and adults from ten distinct locations, 8 of which were breeding sites and 4 of which were previously undescribed localities for the species. We developed and genotyped 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci and quantified genetic diversity, population differentiation, and landscape influences on population genetic structure. We found evidence of larger than expected effective population sizes, significant genetic differentiation between populations, and evidence of distance being the primary driver of genetic structure of populations with some influence of slope and canopy cover. We found little evidence of recent genetic bottlenecks, and individual-based analyses indicate admixture between populations despite significant genetic differentiation. These patterns may indicate that the breeding sites within the Huachuca Mountains constitute a metapopulation. We suggest that the HMCH region may contain larger and more connected breeding populations than previously understood, but the dynamics of this system and the limited geographic extent of the HMCH group justify current concern for the persistence of the species in this region. Efforts to ensure availability of high-quality breeding habitats and control for local threats such as effects of invasive predators may be critical to the persistence of these unique populations of H. wrightorum.
C1 [Mims, Meryl C.; Hauser, Lorenz; Olden, Julian D.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Goldberg, Caren S.] Washington State Univ, Sch Environm, Pullman, WA 99164 USA.
[Mims, Meryl C.] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
RP Mims, MC (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.; Mims, MC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
EM mmims@usgs.gov
RI Hauser, Lorenz/E-4365-2010;
OI Mims, Meryl/0000-0003-0570-988X
FU Hall Conservation Genetics Graduate Research Award at the University of
Washington's College of the Environment; U.S. Army Award
[W9214A-14-P-0048]
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Hall Conservation Genetics
Graduate Research Award at the University of Washington's College of the
Environment and through the U.S. Army Award Number W9214A-14-P-0048. The
funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis,
decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; We would like to
extend our sincerest gratitude to the following funding sources and
people for making this work possible. Funding for this research was
provided by the Hall Conservation Genetics Graduate Research Award at
the University of Washington's College of the Environment and by the
U.S. Army Award Number W9214A-14-P-0048. Debbie Brewer (US Army, Fort
Huachuca), Sheridan Stone (US Army, Fort Huachuca), John Kraft (US
Forest Service), and Tom Jones (Arizona Game and Fish Department) all
provided logistical and planning support for this work. Katherine
Strickler, Kody Cochrell, Trevor Eakes, and Jessica Hale assisted in
fieldwork and sampling.
NR 74
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PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 9
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0160655
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160655
PG 23
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT3IK
UT WOS:000381374200052
PM 27504892
ER
PT J
AU Ye, SY
Krauss, KW
Brix, H
Wei, MJ
Olsson, L
Yu, XY
Ma, XY
Wang, J
Yuan, HM
Zhao, GM
Ding, XG
Moss, RF
AF Ye, Siyuan
Krauss, Ken W.
Brix, Hans
Wei, Mengjie
Olsson, Linda
Yu, Xueyang
Ma, Xueying
Wang, Jin
Yuan, Hongming
Zhao, Guangming
Ding, Xigui
Moss, Rebecca F.
TI Inter-Annual Variability of Area-Scaled Gaseous Carbon Emissions from
Wetland Soils in the Liaohe Delta, China
SO PLOS ONE
LA English
DT Article
ID GREENHOUSE-GAS EMISSIONS; YELLOW-RIVER ESTUARY; LAND-USE CHANGE; METHANE
EMISSIONS; FRESH-WATER; NITROUS-OXIDE; SUAEDA-SALSA; NORTHEAST CHINA;
MARSH ECOSYSTEM; SALINE WETLAND
AB Global management of wetlands to suppress greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, facilitate carbon (C) sequestration, and reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations while simultaneously promoting agricultural gains is paramount. However, studies that relate variability in CO2 and CH4 emissions at large spatial scales are limited. We investigated three-year emissions of soil CO2 and CH4 from the primary wetland types of the Liaohe Delta, China, by focusing on a total wetland area of 3287 km(2). One percent is Suaeda salsa, 24% is Phragmites australis, and 75% is rice. While S. salsa wetlands are under somewhat natural tidal influence, P. australis and rice are managed hydrologically for paper and food, respectively. Total C emissions from CO2 and CH4 from these wetland soils were 2.9 Tg C/year, ranging from 2.5 to 3.3 Tg C/year depending on the year assessed. Primary emissions were from CO2 (similar to 98%). Photosynthetic uptake of CO2 would mitigate most of the soil CO2 emissions, but CH4 emissions would persist. Overall, CH4 fluxes were high when soil temperatures were > 18 degrees C and pore water salinity < 18 PSU. CH4 emissions from rice habitat alone in the Liaohe Delta represent 0.2% of CH4 carbon emissions globally from rice. With such a large area and interannual sensitivity in soil GHG fluxes, management practices in the Delta and similar wetlands around the world have the potential not only to influence local C budgeting, but also to influence global biogeochemical cycling.
C1 [Ye, Siyuan; Wei, Mengjie; Yu, Xueyang; Ma, Xueying; Wang, Jin; Yuan, Hongming; Zhao, Guangming; Ding, Xigui] China Geol Survey, Qingdao Inst Marine Geol, Key Lab Coastal Wetland Biogeosci, Qingdao 266071, Peoples R China.
[Ye, Siyuan] Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol, Lab Marine Geol, Qingdao 266061, Peoples R China.
[Krauss, Ken W.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
[Brix, Hans; Olsson, Linda] Aarhus Univ, Dept Biosci, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Brix, Hans; Olsson, Linda] Aarhus Univ, Sinodanish Ctr Educ & Res, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
[Moss, Rebecca F.] USGS Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Cherokee Nation Technol Solut, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Krauss, KW (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM kraussk@usgs.gov
RI Brix, Hans/C-5208-2008
OI Brix, Hans/0000-0003-2771-2983
FU Ministry of Land and Resources Program of China [201111023]; Marine
Safeguard Project [GZH201200503]; China Geological Survey Projects
[121201005000150004, 1212010611402]; National Natural Science Foundation
of China [40872167, 41240022]; Sino-Danish Centre for Education and
Research; United States Geological Survey (Climate and Land Use Change R
& D and LandCarbon Programs); China Geological Survey [CH-02.0600]
FX This work was funded by grants from the Ministry of Land and Resources
Program of China (Grant No. 201111023), Marine Safeguard Project (Grant
No. GZH201200503), China Geological Survey Projects (Grant Nos.
121201005000150004, 1212010611402), National Natural Science Foundation
of China (Grant Nos. 40872167 and 41240022), the Sino-Danish Centre for
Education and Research, and by in-kind contributions from the China
Geological Survey (Project Annex No. 6, CH-02.0600) and United States
Geological Survey (Climate and Land Use Change R & D and LandCarbon
Programs). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and
analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
NR 64
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U1 12
U2 12
PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE
PI SAN FRANCISCO
PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA
SN 1932-6203
J9 PLOS ONE
JI PLoS One
PD AUG 8
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 8
AR e0160612
DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0160612
PG 20
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DT3IE
UT WOS:000381373500039
PM 27501148
ER
PT J
AU Mahu, E
Nyarko, E
Hulme, S
Swarzenski, P
Asiedu, DK
Coale, KH
AF Mahu, Edem
Nyarko, Elvis
Hulme, Samuel
Swarzenski, Peter
Asiedu, Daniel K.
Coale, Kenneth H.
TI Geochronology and historical deposition of trace metals in three
tropical estuaries in the Gulf of Guinea
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Pb-210; Cs-137; Trace metals; Sediment cores; Estuaries; Ghana
ID SEDIMENTS; PB-210; ACCUMULATION; ENRICHMENT; MEXICO; CONTAMINATION;
POLLUTION; ELEMENT; TRENDS; CS-137
AB The depositional histories of trace metals (Pb, Cu, and Zn) in sediment cores from three Ghanaian estuaries were reconstructed using radioisotope-derived (Pb-210 and Cs-137) geochronologies. A core collected from each of the Amisa, Sakumo II and Volta estuaries was analyzed for trace metals and radionuclides. Lead-210 and Cs-137 dating via gamma spectroscopy, and trace metal analysis via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were used in deriving sedimentation rates, geochronologies and accumulation trends of trace metals. The sedimentation rates in all three estuaries (in the range of 0.54-0.83 cm yr(-1)) were greater than the predicted sea level rise (-0.33 cm yr(-1)) for the Accra Coast of Ghana. The Pb-210 depositional rates of 6.83 dpm cm(-2) y(-1), 2.74 dpm cm(-2) y(-1) and 1.75 dpm cm(-2) y(-1) estimated for the Amisa, Sakumo II and Volta estuaries, respectively, are higher than those recorded in other latitudes. Trace metal analysis revealed differences in the concentrations of Cu, Pb and Zn between deeper and surficial layers of each core to be in the range of 10-20%, which is well within the natural variations attributed to geochemical factors. Relative to the Amisa and Volta estuaries, the temporal profiles of Al-normalized metal concentrations and estimated fluxes suggest anthropogenic processes augmented the natural fluxes of trace metals, particularly Zn into the Sakumo II estuary during the last 7 years. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Mahu, Edem; Nyarko, Elvis] Univ Ghana, Dept Marine & Fisheries Sci, Accra, Ghana.
[Mahu, Edem; Hulme, Samuel; Coale, Kenneth H.] Calif State Univ, Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Swarzenski, Peter] US Geol Survey, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
[Asiedu, Daniel K.] Univ Ghana, Dept Earth Sci, Accra, Ghana.
RP Mahu, E (reprint author), Univ Ghana, Dept Marine & Fisheries Sci, Accra, Ghana.
EM edemmahu@gmail.com
OI Mahu, Edem/0000-0002-0212-8150; Asiedu, Daniel/0000-0001-7410-8223
FU International Foundation for Science [W 5331-1]; International Atomic
Energy Agency (I.A.E.A) [RAF/7009]
FX The authors would like to thank the International Foundation for Science
(grant # W 5331-1) and the International Atomic Energy Agency (I.A.E.A)
RAF/7009 Project, for providing the necessary support needed for the
successful execution of this study. We are very grateful to Professor
Ivano Aiello for providing technical assistance to the project. Again,
we wish to thank Mr. Craig Hunter of MLML who capably assisted with the
TOC analyses. We appreciate the roles of Mr. Mario Boateng and Emmanuel
Klubi both of the Department of Marine and Fisheries Sciences of the
University of Ghana in sample collection and preparation. Finally we
wish to thank the two reviewers for their great effort in critically
reviewing and helping to improve the quality of the manuscript.
NR 36
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U2 12
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
EI 1096-0015
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD AUG 5
PY 2016
VL 177
BP 31
EP 40
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2016.05.007
PG 10
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA DQ1JX
UT WOS:000378958400004
ER
PT J
AU Croteau, MN
Fuller, CC
Cain, DJ
Campbell, KM
Aiken, G
AF Croteau, Marie-Noele
Fuller, Christopher C.
Cain, Daniel J.
Campbell, Kate M.
Aiken, George
TI Biogeochemical Controls of Uranium Bioavailability from the Dissolved
Phase in Natural Freshwaters
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ALKALINE-EARTH METALS; SPECIATION; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; URANYL;
COMPLEXES; EXCHANGE; ADSORPTION; CONSTANTS; HARDNESS
AB To gain insights into the risks associated with uranium (U) mining and processing, we investigated the biogeochemical controls of U bioavailability in the model freshwater species Lymnaea stagnalis (Gastropoda). Bioavailability of dissolved U(VI) was characterized in controlled laboratory experiments over a range of water hardness, pH, and in the presence of complexing ligands in the form of dissolved natural organic matter (DOM). Results show that dissolved U is bioavailable under all the geochemical conditions tested. Uranium uptake rates follow first order kinetics over a range encompassing most environmental concentrations. Uranium uptake rates in L. stagnalis ultimately demonstrate saturation uptake kinetics when exposure concentrations exceed 100 nM, suggesting uptake via a finite number of carriers or ion channels. The lack of a relationship between U uptake rate constants and Ca uptake rates suggest that U does not exclusively use Ca membrane transporters. In general, U bioavailability decreases with increasing pH, increasing Ca and Mg concentrations, and when DOM is present. Competing ions did not affect U uptake rates. Speciation modeling that includes formation constants for U ternary complexes reveals that the aqueous concentration of dicarbonato U species (UO2(CO3)(2)(-2)) best predicts U bioavailability to L. stagnalis, challenging the free-ion activity model postulate.
C1 [Croteau, Marie-Noele; Fuller, Christopher C.; Cain, Daniel J.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Campbell, Kate M.; Aiken, George] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St Suite E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Croteau, MN (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM mcroteau@usgs.gov
OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074; Cain,
Daniel/0000-0002-3443-0493
FU National Research Program; Toxics Substances Hydrology Program of the
U.S. Geological Survey
FX This study was supported by the National Research Program including
funds for a Topical Research Team and the Toxics Substances Hydrology
Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Kathy Akstin and David Barasch
performed some of the ICP-MS analyses. Comments by Katie Walton-Day, Jo
Ellen Hinck and anonymous reviewers improved the manuscript. Any use of
trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only, and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 46
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 16
U2 19
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
EI 1520-5851
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD AUG 2
PY 2016
VL 50
IS 15
BP 8120
EP 8127
DI 10.1021/acs.est.6b02406
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DS8WH
UT WOS:000381063200021
PM 27385165
ER
PT J
AU van der Elst, NJ
Delorey, AA
Shelly, DR
Johnson, PA
AF van der Elst, Nicholas J.
Delorey, Andrew A.
Shelly, David R.
Johnson, Paul A.
TI Fortnightly modulation of San Andreas tremor and low-frequency
earthquakes
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE faults; low-frequency earthquakes; tidal triggering; fortnightly tides
ID EARTH TIDES; NONVOLCANIC TREMOR; DEEP TREMOR; FAULT; SLIP; CALIFORNIA;
STRESS; JAPAN
AB Earth tides modulate tremor and low-frequency earthquakes (LFEs) on faults in the vicinity of the brittle-ductile (seismic-aseismic) transition. The response to the tidal stress carries otherwise inaccessible information about fault strength and rheology. Here, we analyze the LFE response to the fortnightly tide, which modulates the amplitude of the daily tidal stress over a 14-d cycle. LFE rate is highest during the waxing fortnightly tide, with LFEs most strongly promoted when the daily stress exceeds the previous peak stress by the widest margin. This pattern implies a threshold failure process, with slip initiated when stress exceeds the local fault strength. Variations in sensitivity to the fortnightly modulation may reflect the degree of stress concentration on LFE-producing brittle asperities embedded within an otherwise aseismic fault.
C1 [van der Elst, Nicholas J.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
[Delorey, Andrew A.; Johnson, Paul A.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Geophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Shelly, David R.] US Geol Survey, Volcano Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP van der Elst, NJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Pasadena, CA 91106 USA.
EM nvanderelst@usgs.gov
OI Delorey, Andrew/0000-0002-5573-8251
FU Los Alamos National Laboratory; US Geological Survey Mendenhall program
FX This paper benefitted from discussions with Robert Guyer, Tom Heaton,
Victor Tsai, Nicholas Beeler, and Elizabeth Cochran; the latter two also
provided early reviews of the manuscript. We also thank Heidi Houston,
an anonymous reviewer, and editor Thorne Lay for helpful reviews and
comments. This work was supported by a grant from Los Alamos National
Laboratory and the US Geological Survey Mendenhall program. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the US Government.
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 2
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD AUG 2
PY 2016
VL 113
IS 31
BP 8601
EP 8605
DI 10.1073/pnas.1524316113
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DS2HH
UT WOS:000380586600034
PM 27432977
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, JP
Finnegan, NJ
Henderson, ST
Rittenour, TM
AF Perkins, Jonathan P.
Finnegan, Noah J.
Henderson, Scott T.
Rittenour, Tammy M.
TI Topographic constraints on magma accumulation below the actively
uplifting Uturuncu and Lazufre volcanic centers in the Central Andes
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID INSAR TIME-SERIES; LA-PACANA CALDERA; BOLIVIAN ALTIPLANO; YELLOWSTONE
CALDERA; BENEATH; COMPLEX; CHAMBER; BODY; DEFORMATION; INFLATION
AB Geodetic surveys of Volcan Uturuncu and the Lazufre volcanic complex in the Central Andes of South America reveal sustained surface uplift from magmatic intrusion at depth. However, the decadal timescales of geodetic surveys are short relative to the timescales of magma chamber growth. Thus, from -geodesy alone, it is difficult to infer the deformation and hence magma accumulation history of these volcanoes. Here we combine data from InSAR, long-wavelength topography, GPS and high-resolution topographic surveys of lake shorelines and rivers, and lava flow morphology to constrain the spatial and temporal evolution of magmatism at Uturuncu and Lazufre. Near Uturuncu, dated lake shorelines show no evidence of tilting since ca. 16 ka, and we find no evidence of deformation in the long-wavelength topography. A lack of net surface displacement suggests that uplift related to a rising diapir must be less than a century old, or, more likely, magmatic inflation at Uturuncu is transient over millennial timescales and is therefore not recorded in the topography. At Lazufre, we also find no evidence for sustained uplift recorded in Late Pleistocene lake shorelines. However, the orientations of multiple dated lava flows suggest that the long-wavelength dome at the center of Lazufre's uplift has persisted since at least 400 ka. Additionally, we find that the radial distribution of volcanic vents at Lazufre, coupled with the presence of an apical graben, is consistent with experimental and theoretical predictions of magmatic doming. The dome's longevity indicates significant magma storage at depth, and therefore Lazufre is likely a highly evolved pre-caldera magmatic system. These two case studies demonstrate that combining geomorphic and geophysical data sets to extend the geodetic record back in time can help determine the style and magnitude of magma transport in volcanic systems.
C1 [Perkins, Jonathan P.; Finnegan, Noah J.] Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.
[Henderson, Scott T.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Geociencias, Cr 1 18A-12, Bogota, Colombia.
[Rittenour, Tammy M.] Utah State Univ, Dept Geol, 4505 Old Main Hill, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
[Perkins, Jonathan P.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 973, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Perkins, JP (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA.; Perkins, JP (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd MS 973, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jperkins@protonmail.com
OI Perkins, Jonathan/0000-0002-6113-338X
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-0908850]
FX We would like to thank Shan de Silva and Kerri Johnson for field
guidance, assistance, and many conversations about volcanoes and
geomorphology. We would also like to thank our drivers and Linda Hauge
Kossatikoff from Lipiko Tours for their logistical support and Jose
Antonio Naranjo for providing geologic map data. We thank Rodrigo del
Potro for providing campaign GPS data. This manuscript greatly benefited
from suggestions and criticisms by Guest Editor Matthew Pritchard and
reviewers Jean-Luc Froger and Leif Karlstrom. The work for this project
was supported by National Science Foundation grant EAR-0908850 to NJF.
NR 60
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 1
U2 1
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 4
BP 1078
EP 1096
DI 10.1130/GES01278.1
PG 19
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CL
UT WOS:000390990900002
ER
PT J
AU Best, MG
Christiansen, EH
de Silva, S
Lipman, PW
AF Best, Myron G.
Christiansen, Eric H.
de Silva, Shanaka
Lipman, Peter W.
TI Slab-rollback ignimbrite flareups in the southern Great Basin and other
Cenozoic American arcs: A distinct style of arc volcanism
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID WESTERN-UNITED-STATES; ASH-FLOW TUFFS; DEPENDENT THERMAL-DIFFUSIVITY;
MULTICYCLIC SUPER-ERUPTIONS; SOUTHWESTERN NORTH-AMERICA; PLATE-TECTONIC
EVOLUTION; TEMPERATURE-TIME PATHS; ALTIPLANO-PUNA PLATEAU; SILICIC MAGMA
CHAMBERS; SNAKE RIVER PLAIN
AB In continental-margin subduction zones, basalt magmas spawned in the mantle interact with the crust to produce a broad spectrum of volcanic arc associations. A distinct style of very voluminous arc volcanism develops far inland on thick crust over periods of 10-20 m.y. and involves relatively infrequent caldera-forming explosive eruptions of dominantly calc-alkaline rhyolite, -dacite, and trachydacite with repose times of 10(4)-10(6) yr. Volumes of individual eruptions are large (10(2)-10(3) km(3)), and nested super-eruptions of thousands of cubic kilometers are common. Calderas are as much as 60-75 km in diameter, and surrounding individual ignimbrite outflow sheets extend outward as much as 150 km, blanketing upwards of 10(5) km(2). Little or no basalt is extruded, whereas andesitic differentiates coeval with silicic ignimbrites range from -minor to dominant in relative volume. A common feature in these flareups is essentially nonextending, thick, inland crust overlying a subducting oceanic plate with transverse tears that rolled back to a steeper dip from a previously flat configuration. Lithospheric delamination is locally possible. Large volumes of basalt that provide heat and mass for silicic magma generation in the crust form by fluid fluxing of the growing mantle wedge overlying the steepening dehydrating slab and from asthenospheric decompression. Variations in the mantle input, together with variations in crustal thickness, temperature, and composition, modulate the expression of the flareups. As a consequence of the high flux of mantle-derived magma into the thick crust, geotherms become elevated, and the brittle-ductile transition can rise to depths as shallow as 7 km. At this transition, diapirically rising magmas from a melting, assimilation, storage, and homogenization (MASH) zone are blocked and spread laterally into discoid chambers that grow until a thermomechanical threshold is attained, triggering climactic eruption and caldera collapse.
This ignimbrite flareup style of continental arc volcanism is exemplified by the mid-Cenozoic southern Great Basin ignimbrite province; other examples include the contemporaneous Southern Rocky Mountain, Mogollon-Datil, vast Sierra Madre Occidental volcanic fields, and the late Cenozoic Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex in the Central Andes. Rhyolitic and trachydacitic ignimbrites typically have erupted, but where the crust was predominantly felsic, prewarmed, and orogenically thickened, well-developed MASH zones have spawned multiple super-eruptions of phenocryst-rich dacite, or monotonous intermediates, and smaller volumes of calc-alkaline rhyolite ignimbrite. In the Great Basin, eruptions of dry, hot trachydacite magma followed the monotonous intermediates. Partial melting in thinner crust with a major mafic component yielded more alkalic rhyolite and related trachydacite.
C1 [Best, Myron G.; Christiansen, Eric H.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[de Silva, Shanaka] Oregon State Univ, Coll Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Lipman, Peter W.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Christiansen, EH (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM eric_christiansen@byu.edu
OI Christiansen, Eric/0000-0002-1108-5260
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-8604195, EAR-8618323, EAR-8904245,
EAR-9104612, EAR-9706906, EAR-0923495, EAR-0710545, EAR-0838536,
EAR-0908324]; Brigham Young University; Royal Society of the UK;
National Aeronautics and Space Administration [NAGW-1167]; U.S.
Geological Survey; Volcanic Hazards; National Geologic Mapping; Mineral
Resources Programs; U.S. Geological Survey and Nevada Bureau of Mines
and Geology
FX Study of the southern Great Basin ignimbrite province by Best and
Christiansen has benefited from the assistance of numerous individuals
over the past decades; they are acknowledged in Best et al. (2013a,
2013b, 2013c). We especially recognize the collaboration of our
colleagues Sherman Gromme and Alan Deino for their crucially important
paleomagnetic and chronologic data and Chris Henry and Dave John for
their work on the Western Nevada field that provided an important
comparison for the volcanism in the central and eastern sectors of the
province. Financial support was provided by the National Science
Foundation through grants EAR-8604195, EAR-8618323, EAR-8904245,
EAR-9104612, EAR-9706906, and EAR-0923495 to M.G. Best and E.H.
Christiansen. The U.S. Geological Survey and Nevada Bureau of Mines and
Geology supported quadrangle mapping. The continuing financial and
material assistance of Brigham Young University is gratefully
acknowledged. Also, de Silva acknowledges the many students and
colleagues (too numerous to mention here but acknowledged in specific
publications) who have been crucial to the work in the Central Andes.
The late Peter Francis is singled out with deep gratitude for
introduction to the area and early mentoring. Financial support from the
Royal Society of the UK, National Aeronautics and Space Administration
(grant NAGW-1167), and the National Science Foundation (EAR-0710545,
EAR-0838536, and EAR-0908324) is gratefully acknowledged. Geologic
mapping and other long-term research in the Southern Rocky Mountain
volcanic field by Lipman have been supported by several parts of the
U.S. Geological Survey, including the Volcanic Hazards, National
Geologic Mapping, and Mineral Resources Programs. Especially critical in
recent years have been geochronologic studies in collaboration with
William McIntosh and Matthew Zimmerer at the New Mexico Bureau of
Geology and Mineral Resources. We are grateful for the comments of
Susanne McDowell and one anonymous reviewer and Lang Farmer for his
editorial assistance.
NR 236
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 4
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 4
BP 1097
EP 1135
DI 10.1130/GES01285.1
PG 39
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CL
UT WOS:000390990900003
ER
PT J
AU Arnold, DWD
Biggs, J
Wadge, G
Ebmeier, SK
Odbert, HM
Poland, MP
AF Arnold, D. W. D.
Biggs, J.
Wadge, G.
Ebmeier, S. K.
Odbert, H. M.
Poland, M. P.
TI Dome growth, collapse, and valley fill at Soufriere Hills Volcano,
Montserrat, from 1995 to 2013: Contributions from satellite radar
measurements of topographic change
SO GEOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
ID SYNTHETIC-APERTURE RADAR; LAVA DOME; TANDEM-X; WEST-INDIES; KILAUEA
VOLCANO; ERUPTION RATES; EARTHS SURFACE; INTERFEROMETRY; INSAR;
DEFORMATION
AB Frequent high-resolution measurements of topography at active volcanoes can provide important information for assessing the distribution and rate of emplacement of volcanic deposits and their influence on hazard. At dome-building volcanoes, monitoring techniques such as LiDAR and photogrammetry often provide a limited view of the area affected by the eruption. Here, we show the ability of satellite radar observations to image the lava dome and pyroclastic density current deposits that resulted from 15 years of eruptive activity at Soufriere Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 2010. We present the first geodetic measurements of the complete subaerial deposition field on Montserrat, including the lava dome. Synthetic aperture radar observations from the Advanced Land Observation Satellite (ALOS) and TanDEM-X mission are used to map the distribution and magnitude of elevation changes. We estimate a net dense-rock equivalent volume increase of 108 +/- 15M m(3) of the lava dome and 300 +/- 220M m(3) of talus and subaerial pyroclastic density current deposits. We also show variations in deposit distribution during different phases of the eruption, with greatest on-land deposition to the south and west, from 1995 to 2005, and the thickest deposits to the west and north after 2005. We conclude by assessing the potential of using radar-derived topographic measurements as a tool for monitoring and hazard assessment during eruptions at dome-building volcanoes.
C1 [Arnold, D. W. D.; Biggs, J.; Ebmeier, S. K.] Univ Bristol, COMET Ctr Observat & Modeling Earthquakes Volcano, Sch Earth Sci, Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[Wadge, G.] Univ Reading, COMET Ctr Observat & Modeling Earthquakes Volcano, Dept Meteorol, POB 243, Reading RG6 6BB, Berks, England.
[Odbert, H. M.] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
[Poland, M. P.] US Geol Survey, Cascade Volcano Observ, 1300 SE Cardinal Court,Bldg 10,Suite 100, Vancouver, WA 98683 USA.
[Odbert, H. M.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Arnold, DWD (reprint author), Univ Bristol, COMET Ctr Observat & Modeling Earthquakes Volcano, Sch Earth Sci, Queens Rd, Bristol BS8 1RJ, Avon, England.
EM david.arnold@bristol.ac.uk
OI Ebmeier, Susanna/0000-0002-5454-2652
FU National Environment Research Council (NERC); NERC-Centre for
Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics
(COMET); Strengthening Resilience in Volcanic Areas (STREVA)
FX We thank R.S.J. Sparks, I.M. Watson, M.E. Pritchard, and the staff of
the Montserrat Volcano Observatory, especially A. Stinton and K. Pascal,
for useful discussions and comments. We thank D. Dzurisin and reviewers
Paul Cole and Patrick Whelley, whose comments greatly improved this
manuscript. ALOS data were provided by Japan Aerospace Exploration
Agency (JAXA) via the Alaska Satellite Facility (ASF). TanDEM-X data
were provided by Deutsches Zentrum fur Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR;
German Space Agency) through proposal NTI_INSA0237. DA is supported by a
National Environment Research Council (NERC) studentship. JB, SE, and GW
are supported by NERC-Centre for Observation and Modeling of
Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics (COMET). JB and SE are supported by
Strengthening Resilience in Volcanic Areas (STREVA). This work forms
part of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS) Volcano
Pilot for Disaster Risk Reduction. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
NR 87
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU GEOLOGICAL SOC AMER, INC
PI BOULDER
PA PO BOX 9140, BOULDER, CO 80301-9140 USA
SN 1553-040X
J9 GEOSPHERE
JI Geosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 4
BP 1300
EP 1315
DI 10.1130/GES01291.1
PG 16
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA EG4CL
UT WOS:000390990900014
ER
PT J
AU Forister, ML
Cousens, B
Harrison, JG
Anderson, K
Thorne, JH
Waetjen, D
Nice, CC
De Parsia, M
Hladik, ML
Meese, R
van Vliet, H
Shapiro, AM
AF Forister, Matthew L.
Cousens, Bruce
Harrison, Joshua G.
Anderson, Kayce
Thorne, James H.
Waetjen, Dave
Nice, Chris C.
De Parsia, Matthew
Hladik, Michelle L.
Meese, Robert
van Vliet, Heidi
Shapiro, Arthur M.
TI Increasing neonicotinoid use and the declining butterfly fauna of
lowland California
SO BIOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE butterflies; insecticide; neonicotinoids; global change; long-term
ecological data
ID DIVERSITY; CLIMATE; BIODIVERSITY; PATTERNS
AB The butterfly fauna of lowland Northern California has exhibited a marked decline in recent years that previous studies have attributed in part to altered climatic conditions and changes in land use. Here, we ask if a shift in insecticide use towards neonicotinoids is associated with butterfly declines at four sites in the region that have been monitored for four decades. A negative association between butterfly populations and increasing neonicotinoid application is detectable while controlling for land use and other factors, and appears to be more severe for smaller-bodied species. These results suggest that neonicotinoids could influence non-target insect populations occurring in proximity to application locations, and highlights the need for mechanistic work to complement long-term observational data.
C1 [Forister, Matthew L.; Harrison, Joshua G.] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Cousens, Bruce] Western Purple Martin Fdn, Nanaimo, BC, Canada.
[Anderson, Kayce] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Thorne, James H.; Waetjen, Dave; Meese, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Nice, Chris C.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX USA.
[De Parsia, Matthew; Hladik, Michelle L.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA USA.
[van Vliet, Heidi] York Univ, Dept Biol, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Shapiro, Arthur M.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Populat Biol, Dept Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Forister, ML (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
EM forister@gmail.com
OI Hladik, Michelle/0000-0002-0891-2712; Harrison,
Joshua/0000-0003-2524-0273
FU Trevor James McMinn professorship
FX Support came in part from a Trevor James McMinn professorship to M.L.F.
NR 18
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 6
U2 6
PU ROYAL SOC
PI LONDON
PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND
SN 1744-9561
EI 1744-957X
J9 BIOL LETTERS
JI Biol. Lett.
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 12
IS 8
AR 20160475
DI 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0475
PG 5
WC Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences &
Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA EF4WB
UT WOS:000390331600028
ER
PT J
AU Sievert, NA
Paukert, CP
Tsang, YP
Infante, D
AF Sievert, Nicholas A.
Paukert, Craig P.
Tsang, Yin-Phan
Infante, Dana
TI Development and assessment of indices to determine stream fish
vulnerability to climate change and habitat alteration
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Climate change; Vulnerability assessment; Stream fish; Traits;
Freshwater conservation
ID FRESH-WATER BIODIVERSITY; LIFE-HISTORY TRAITS; UNITED-STATES; EXTINCTION
RISK; BIOTIC INTEGRITY; SMALLMOUTH BASS; DESERT FISHES; LAND-USE;
CONSERVATION; ASSEMBLAGES
AB Understanding the future impacts of climate and land use change are critical for long-term biodiversity conservation. We developed and compared two indices to assess the vulnerability of stream fish in Missouri, USA based on species environmental tolerances, rarity, range size, dispersal ability and on the average connectivity of the streams occupied by each species. These two indices differed in how environmental tolerance was classified (i.e., vulnerability to habitat alteration, changes in stream temperature, and changes to flow regimes). Environmental tolerance was classified based on measured species responses to habitat alteration, and extremes in stream temperatures and flow conditions for one index, while environmental tolerance for the second index was based on species' traits. The indices were compared to determine if vulnerability scores differed by index or state listing status. We also evaluated the spatial distribution of species classified as vulnerable to habitat alteration, changes in stream temperature, and change in flow regimes. Vulnerability scores were calculated for all 133 species with the trait association index, while only 101 species were evaluated using the species response index, because 32 species lacked data to analyze for a response. Scores from the trait association index were greater than the species response index. This is likely due to the species response index's inability to evaluate many rare species, which generally had high vulnerability scores for the trait association index. The indices were consistent in classifying vulnerability to habitat alteration, but varied in their classification of vulnerability due to increases in stream temperature and alterations to flow regimes, likely because extremes in current climate may not fully capture future conditions and their influence on stream fish communities. Both indices showed higher mean vulnerability scores for listed species than unlisted species, which provided a coarse measure of validation. Our indices classified species identified as being in need of conservation by the state of Missouri as highly vulnerable. The distribution of vulnerable species in Missouri showed consistent patterns between indices, with the more forest-dominated, groundwater fed streams in the Ozark subregion generally having higher numbers and proportions of vulnerable species per site than subregions that were agriculturally dominated with more overland flow. These results suggest that both indices will identify similar habitats as conservation action targets despite discrepancies in the classification of vulnerable species. Our vulnerability assessment provides a framework that can be refined and used in other regions. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Sievert, Nicholas A.] Univ Missouri, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Paukert, Craig P.] Univ Missouri, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, US Geol Survey, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
[Tsang, Yin-Phan] Univ Hawaii, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Management, Sherman 243,1910 East West Rd, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Infante, Dana] Michigan State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Manly Miles Bldg,Suite 318,1405 South Harrison Rd, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA.
RP Sievert, NA (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Missouri Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife Sci, 302 Anheuser Busch Nat Resources Bldg, Columbia, MO 65211 USA.
EM NAS4tf@mail.missouri.edu; paukertc@missouri.edu; tsangy@hawaii.edu;
infanted@anr.msu.edu
OI Sievert, Nicholas/0000-0003-3160-7596
FU U.S. Geological Survey National Climate Change and Wildlife Science
Center; Missouri Department of Conservation; U.S. Geological Survey;
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Wildlife Management Institute; Northeast
Climate Science Center; University of Missouri
FX Funding for this project was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey
National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center and the Northeast
Climate Science Center. We would like to thank Matt Combes and Doug
Novinger of the Missouri Department of Conservation for sharing much of
the data used in this study with us. We would also like to thank Dr.
Emmanuel Frimpong, Dr. Julian Olden, and Dr. Meryl Mims for sharing the
trait information which was used for this project. We also thank Dr.
Jodi Whittier, Dr. Michelle Staudinger, and Dr. Tim Matisziw as well as
two anonymous reviewers for their feedback on the manuscript. Any use of
trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and does
not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. The Missouri Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit is jointly sponsored by the Missouri
Department of Conservation, the University of Missouri, the U.S.
Geological Survey, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Wildlife
Management Institute.
NR 86
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Z9 2
U1 9
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 67
BP 403
EP 416
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.013
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED3YV
UT WOS:000388785300040
ER
PT J
AU Brandt, LA
Beauchamp, JS
Jeffery, BM
Cherkiss, MS
Mazzotti, FJ
AF Brandt, Laura A.
Beauchamp, Jeffrey S.
Jeffery, Brian M.
Cherkiss, Michael S.
Mazzotti, Frank J.
TI Fluctuating water depths affect American alligator (Alligator
mississippiensis) body condition in the Everglades, Florida, USA
SO ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ecological indicator; Fulton's K; Hydrology Restoration; Target
ID CONCEPTUAL ECOLOGICAL MODEL; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; CONSERVATION;
CROCODILES; GROWTH
AB Successful restoration of wetland ecosystems requires knowledge of wetland hydrologic patterns and an understanding of how those patterns affect wetland plant and animal populations. Within the Everglades, Florida, USA restoration, an applied science strategy including conceptual ecological models linking drivers to indicators is being used to organize current scientific understanding to support restoration efforts. A key driver of the ecosystem affecting the distribution and abundance of organisms is the timing, distribution, and volume of water flows that result in water depth patterns across the landscape. American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) are one of the ecological indicators being used to assess Everglades restoration because they are a keystone species and integrate biological impacts of hydrological operations through all life stages. Alligator body condition (the relative fatness of an animal) is one of the metrics being used and targets have been set to allow us to track progress. We examined trends in alligator body condition using Fulton's K over a 15 year period (2000-2014) at seven different wetland areas within the Everglades ecosystem, assessed patterns and trends relative to restoration targets, and related those trends to hydrologic variables. We developed a series of 17 a priori hypotheses that we tested with an information theoretic approach to identify which hydrologic factors affect alligator body condition. Alligator body condition was highest throughout the Everglades during the early 2000s and is approximately 5-10% lower now (2014). Values have varied by year, area, and hydrology. Body condition was positively correlated with range in water depth and fall water depth. Our top model was the "Current" model and included variables that describe current year hydrology (spring depth, fall depth, hydroperiod, range, interaction of range and fall depth, interaction of range and hydroperiod). Across all models, interaction between range and fall water depth was the most important variable (relative weight of 1.0) followed by spring and fall water depths (0.99), range (0.96), hydroperiod (0.95) and interaction between range and hydroperiod (0.95). Our work provides additional evidence that restoring a greater range in annual water depths is important for improvement of alligator body condition and ecosystem function. This information can be incorporated into both planning and operations to assist in reaching Everglades restoration goals. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Brandt, Laura A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Beauchamp, Jeffrey S.; Jeffery, Brian M.; Mazzotti, Frank J.] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Cherkiss, Michael S.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, Davie, FL USA.
[Jeffery, Brian M.] Univ Florida, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Box 110485, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
RP Brandt, LA (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM Laura_brandt@fws.gov; jbeach@ufl.edu; bjeffe01@ufl.edu;
mcherkiss@usgs.gov; fjma@ufl.edu
FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; South Florida Water Management District
Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan Restoration Coordination and
Verification Monitoring and Assessment Program; U.S. Geological Survey
Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Sciences Program
FX We thank all of the Croc Docs and volunteers who helped with alligator
captures, James Beerens for assistance with statistics, Mark Parry for
the unpublished Everglades National Park data, and the U.S. Geological
Survey for maintaining the water level gauges. This study was funded by
the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, South Florida Water Management
District Comprehensive Everglades Restoration Plan Restoration
Coordination and Verification Monitoring and Assessment Program and the
U.S. Geological Survey Greater Everglades Priority Ecosystems Sciences
Program. All animal use was approved by the University of Florida's
Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Animal Research Committee
under Approval Number 005-12FTL. All field work and sample collection
was performed under permits from Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation
Commission, National Park Service, Everglades National Park, and United
States Fish and Wildlife Service Arthur R. Marshall Loxahatchee National
Wildlife Refuge. Views expressed here do not necessarily represent the
views of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Use of trade, product, or
firm names does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. This
manuscript is dedicated to the memory of Rafael G. Crespo, Jr.
NR 51
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U1 3
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1470-160X
EI 1872-7034
J9 ECOL INDIC
JI Ecol. Indic.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 67
BP 441
EP 450
DI 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.03.003
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA ED3YV
UT WOS:000388785300043
ER
PT J
AU Hanafy, SM
Lane, JW
Gobashy, MM
Aboud, E
Ivanov, J
Everett, M
AF Hanafy, Sherif M.
Lane, John W., Jr.
Gobashy, Mohamed M.
Aboud, Essam
Ivanov, Julian
Everett, Mark
TI Introduction to special section: Near-surface imaging and interpretation
SO INTERPRETATION-A JOURNAL OF SUBSURFACE CHARACTERIZATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Hanafy, Sherif M.] King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
[Hanafy, Sherif M.; Gobashy, Mohamed M.] Cairo Univ, Dept Geophys, Cairo, Egypt.
[Lane, John W., Jr.] US Geol Survey, Off Groundwater, Branch Geophys, Mansfield, CT USA.
[Aboud, Essam] King Abdulaziz Univ, Geohazards Res Ctr, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
[Aboud, Essam] Natl Res Inst Astron & Geophys, Cairo, Egypt.
[Ivanov, Julian] Kansas Geol Survey, Lawrence, KS 66044 USA.
[Everett, Mark] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX USA.
RP Hanafy, SM (reprint author), King Abdullah Univ Sci & Technol, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.; Hanafy, SM (reprint author), Cairo Univ, Dept Geophys, Cairo, Egypt.
EM sherif.geo@gmail.com; jwlane@usgs.gov; gobashy@sci.cu.edu.eg;
eaboud@gmail.com; Jivanov@kgs.ku.edu; mark.e.everett@gmail.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS
PI TULSA
PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA
SN 2324-8858
EI 2324-8866
J9 INTERPRETATION-J SUB
JI Interpretation
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 4
IS 3
DI 10.1190/INT-2016-0629-SPSEINTRO.1
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA ED4OC
UT WOS:000388828000049
ER
PT J
AU Fu, RR
Ermakov, AI
Marchi, S
Castillo-Rogez, JC
Raymond, CA
King, SD
Bland, MT
Russell, CT
AF Fu, R. R.
Ermakov, A. I.
Marchi, S.
Castillo-Rogez, J. C.
Raymond, Carol A.
King, Scott D.
Bland, Michael T.
Russell, Christopher T.
TI THERMAL EVOLUTION AND FLUID FLOW IN PLANETESIMALS INFERRED FROM DAWN
MISSION OBSERVATIONS OF CERES
SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 79th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical-Society
CY AUG 07-12, 2016
CL Berlin, GERMANY
SP Meteorit Soc
ID CHONDRITE PARENT BODIES; WATER
C1 [Fu, R. R.] Columbia Univ, 61 Route 9W, Palisades, NY 10964 USA.
[Fu, R. R.; Ermakov, A. I.] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Marchi, S.] Southwest Res Ins, 1050 Walnut St, Boulder, CO 80302 USA.
[Castillo-Rogez, J. C.; Raymond, Carol A.; Russell, Christopher T.] Jet Prop Lab, 4800 Oak Grove Dr, Pasadena, CA 91109 USA.
[King, Scott D.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA.
[Bland, Michael T.] USGS Astrogeol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Rd, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
EM rf2006@ldeo.columbia.edu
NR 9
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1086-9379
EI 1945-5100
J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI
JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 51
SU 1
SI SI
BP A268
EP A268
PG 1
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA ED2GQ
UT WOS:000388662400126
ER
PT J
AU Becerra, P
Byrne, S
Sori, MM
Sutton, S
Herkenhoff, KE
AF Becerra, Patricio
Byrne, Shane
Sori, Michael M.
Sutton, Sarah
Herkenhoff, Kenneth E.
TI Stratigraphy of the north polar layered deposits of Mars from
high-resolution topography
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
LA English
DT Article
ID REGION; HISTORY; ORIGIN; AGE
AB The stratigraphy of the layered deposits in the polar regions of Mars is theorized to contain a record of recent climate change linked to insolation changes driven by variations in the planet's orbital and rotational parameters. In order to confidently link stratigraphic signals to insolation periodicities, a description of the stratigraphy is required based on quantities that directly relate to intrinsic properties of the layers. We use stereo digital terrain models (DTMs) from the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment to derive a characteristic of north polar layered deposit (NPLD) strata that can be correlated over large distances: the topographic protrusion of layers exposed in troughs, which is a proxy for the layers' resistance to erosion. Using a combination of image analysis and a signal-matching algorithm to correlate continuous depth-protrusion signals taken from DTMs at different locations, we construct a stratigraphic column that describes the upper similar to 500 m of at least 7% of the area of the NPLD and find accumulation rates that vary byfactors of up to 2. We find that, when coupled with observations of exposed layers in images, the topographic expression of the strata is consistently continuous across large distances in the top 300-500 m of the NPLD, suggesting that it is better related to intrinsic layer properties than the brightness of exposed layers alone.
C1 [Becerra, Patricio; Byrne, Shane; Sori, Michael M.; Sutton, Sarah] Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Herkenhoff, Kenneth E.] US Geol Survey, Astrogeol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Becerra, P (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Lunar & Planetary Lab, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM becerra@lpl.arizona.edu
OI Sori, Michael/0000-0002-6191-2447
FU NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship [NNX13AO55H]; NASA's Mars
Reconnaissance Orbiter project (HiRISE)
FX The authors thank the HiRISE and CTX teams for acquiring and processing
the data used in our study. These data are available in the NASA
Planetary Data System (pds.nasa.gov). We especially thank Michael
Berube, Nicholas Shea, and Aaron Kilgallon for their efforts in
producing many of the DTMs used in this study. We also thank Corey
Fortezzo for his useful review of the manuscript prior to submission and
three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments that increased the
quality of the paper. Support for this work came from grant NNX13AO55H
of the NASA Earth and Space Science Fellowship (Becerra) and NASA's Mars
Reconnaissance Orbiter project (HiRISE).
NR 47
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U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9097
EI 2169-9100
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-PLANET
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Planets
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 1445
EP 1471
DI 10.1002/2015JE004992
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC0MI
UT WOS:000387794800005
ER
PT J
AU Ries, PR
Newton, TJ
Haro, RJ
Zigler, SJ
Davis, M
AF Ries, Patricia R.
Newton, Teresa J.
Haro, Roger J.
Zigler, Steven J.
Davis, Mike
TI Annual variation in recruitment of freshwater mussels and its
relationship with river discharge
SO AQUATIC CONSERVATION-MARINE AND FRESHWATER ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE hydroecology; unionids; monitoring; catch-curve; invertebrates
ID PEARL MUSSEL; ASSEMBLAGE STRUCTURE; LAMPSILIS-CARDIUM; MISSISSIPPI
RIVER; POPULATION-MODEL; UNIONIDAE; MARGARITIFERA; CONSERVATION; AGE;
USA
AB 1. Vital rates such as mortality, growth, and recruitment are important tools to evaluate the status of threatened populations and identify their vulnerabilities, leading to enhanced conservation strategies.
2. Native freshwater mussels are a guild of largely sedentary, filter-feeding bivalves currently facing worldwide declines. Lack of recruitment has been identified as a major threat to mussel populations.
3. A mussel bed in the Upper Mississippi River was sampled for 5 years (2008-2012). A trend analysis showed a significant decline in the percentage of species with juvenile representatives.
4. Species were grouped into equilibrium and periodic life history strategies to assess past recruitment. Residuals from catch-curve regressions quantified past year-class strength of both strategists and Amblema plicata over a 13-year period (1994-2006), and identified strong and weak year-classes.
5. Generalized linear regression models containing July maximum discharge and April minimum discharge explained 64% of the variation in recruitment strength of A. plicata. The best model for the equilibrium strategists explained 86% of the variation in recruitment and contained the same variables as A. plicata, but also incorporated the 7-day minimum discharge. For the periodic strategists, the model containing the number of low-flow pulses and the mean duration of high-flow pulses explained 56% of the variation in recruitment strength.
6. Understanding variation in recruitment dynamics of native mussels and its relationship to river discharge will be useful in designing effective management strategies to enhance conservation of this imperilled fauna. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Ries, Patricia R.; Newton, Teresa J.; Zigler, Steven J.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
[Haro, Roger J.] Univ Wisconsin, River Studies Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54601 USA.
[Davis, Mike] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, Lake City, MN USA.
RP Ries, PR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, 2630 Fanta Reed Rd, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA.
EM pries@usgs.gov
FU US Army Corps of Engineers, Upper Mississippi River Restoration,
Environmental Management Program, Long Term Resource Monitoring element
FX This research was funded by the US Army Corps of Engineers, Upper
Mississippi River Restoration, Environmental Management Program, Long
Term Resource Monitoring element. We thank, Bernard Sietman, Zeb
Secrist, Shelby Marr, and the rest of the MNDNR dive crew for conducting
the field work. We also thank Bob Kennedy for assembling discharge data,
and Michelle Bartsch and two anonymous reviewers for helpful
contributions. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US
Government.
NR 47
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U1 9
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1052-7613
EI 1099-0755
J9 AQUAT CONSERV
JI Aquat. Conserv.-Mar. Freshw. Ecosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 26
IS 4
BP 703
EP 714
DI 10.1002/aqc.2590
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA DW5GA
UT WOS:000383670100008
ER
PT J
AU Watts, KE
John, DA
Colgan, JP
Henry, CD
Bindeman, IN
Schmitt, AK
AF Watts, Kathryn E.
John, David A.
Colgan, Joseph P.
Henry, Christopher D.
Bindeman, Ilya N.
Schmitt, Axel K.
TI Probing the Volcanic-Plutonic Connection and the Genesis of Crystal-rich
Rhyolite in a Deeply Dissected Supervolcano in the Nevada Great Basin:
Source of the Late Eocene Caetano Tuff
SO JOURNAL OF PETROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE caldera; Caetano Tuff; ignimbrite; Nevada; rhyolite
ID WESTERN UNITED-STATES; ASH-FLOW TUFFS; MULTICYCLIC SUPER-ERUPTIONS;
METAMORPHIC CORE COMPLEX; SILICIC MAGMA CHAMBERS; SNAKE RIVER PLAIN;
CALDERA COMPLEX; CRUSTAL STRUCTURE; RUBY MOUNTAINS; CENTRAL ANDES
AB Late Cenozoic faulting and large-magnitude extension in the Great Basin of the western USA has created locally deep windows into the upper crust, permitting direct study of volcanic and plutonic rocks within individual calderas. The Caetano caldera in north-central Nevada, formed during the mid-Tertiary ignimbrite flare-up, offers one of the best exposed and most complete records of caldera magmatism. Integrating whole-rock geochemistry, mineral chemistry, isotope geochemistry and geochronology with field studies and geologic mapping, we define the petrologic evolution of the magmatic system that sourced the > 1100 km(3) Caetano Tuff. The intra-caldera Caetano Tuff is up to similar to 5 km thick, composed of crystal-rich (30-45 vol. %), high-silica rhyolite, overlain by a smaller volume of comparably crystal-rich, low-silica rhyolite. It defies classification as either a monotonous intermediate or crystal-poor zoned rhyolite, as commonly ascribed to ignimbrite eruptions. Crystallization modeling based on the observed mineralogy and major and trace element geochemistry demonstrates that the compositional zonation can be explained by liquid-cumulate evolution in the Caetano Tuff magma chamber, with the more evolved lower Caetano Tuff consisting of extracted liquids that continued to crystallize and mix in the upper part of the chamber following segregation from a cumulate-rich, and more heterogeneous, source mush. The latter is represented in the caldera stratigraphy by the less evolved upper Caetano Tuff. Whole-rock major, trace and rare earth element geochemistry, modal mineralogy and mineral chemistry, O, Sr, Nd and Pb isotope geochemistry, sanidine Ar-Ar geochronology, and zircon U-Pb geochronology and trace element geochemistry provide robust evidence that the voluminous caldera intrusions (Carico Lake pluton and Redrock Canyon porphyry) are genetically equivalent to the least evolved Caetano Tuff and formed from magma that remained in the lower chamber after ignimbrite eruption and caldera collapse. Thus, the Caetano Tuff contradicts models for the mutually exclusive origins of voluminous volcanic and plutonic magmas in the upper crust. Crystal-scale O isotope data indicate that the Caetano Tuff is one of the most O-18-enriched rhyolites in the Great Basin (delta O-18(magma) = 10 center dot 2 +/- 0 center dot 2aEuro degrees), supporting anatexis of local metasedimentary basement crust. Metapelite xenoliths in the Carico Lake pluton and ubiquitous xenocrystic zircons in the Caetano Tuff provide constraints for the anatexis process; these data point to shallow (< 15 km) dehydration melting of a protolith similar to the Proterozoic McCoy Creek Group siliciclastic sediments in eastern Nevada, projected beneath Caetano in fault-stacked shelf sediments that were thickened during Mesozoic crustal shortening. Mean zircon U-Pb ages for different stratigraphic levels of the intra-caldera Caetano Tuff are 34 center dot 2-34 center dot 5 Ma, 0 center dot 2-0 center dot 5 Myr older than the caldera sanidine Ar-40/Ar-39 age of 34 center dot 00 +/- 0 center dot 03 Ma, documenting protracted duration of assembly and homogenization of isotopically diverse upper crustal melts, followed by crystallization and zonation to generate the Caetano Tuff magma chamber. Sanidine rims in the least evolved Caetano Tuff and in the Carico Lake pluton and Redrock Canyon porphyry have sharply zoned Ba domains that point to crystal growth during magmatic recharge events.
The recharge magma is inferred to have been compositionally similar to the Caetano Tuff magma, with increased Ba resulting from remelting of Ba-rich sanidine cumulates. Mush reactivation to generate the Caetano Tuff eruption was sufficiently rapid to preserve compositional gradients in the intracaldera ignimbrite, calling into question models that predict homogeneity as a prerequisite for remobilizing crystal-rich ignimbrite magmas.
C1 [Watts, Kathryn E.; John, David A.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Colgan, Joseph P.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Henry, Christopher D.] Univ Nevada, Nevada Bur Mines & Geol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Bindeman, Ilya N.] Univ Oregon, Dept Geol Sci, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Schmitt, Axel K.] Heidelberg Univ, Inst Geowissensch, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
RP Watts, KE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM kwatts@usgs.gov
OI Colgan, Joseph/0000-0001-6671-1436; John, David/0000-0001-7977-9106
FU US Geological Survey Mendenhall Postdoctoral Research Fellowship
Program; US Geological Survey National Cooperative Geological Mapping
and Mineral Resources Programs; Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology;
Instrumentation and Facilities Program, Division of Earth Sciences,
National Science Foundation
FX This work was supported by the US Geological Survey Mendenhall
Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program (Watts), the US Geological
Survey National Cooperative Geological Mapping and Mineral Resources
Programs (John, Colgan), and the Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology
(Henry). The ion microprobe facility at the University of California,
Los Angeles, is partly supported by a grant from the Instrumentation and
Facilities Program, Division of Earth Sciences, National Science
Foundation.
NR 151
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 4
U2 4
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3530
EI 1460-2415
J9 J PETROL
JI J. Petrol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 57
IS 8
BP 1599
EP 1644
DI 10.1093/petrology/egw051
PG 46
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA EC1KU
UT WOS:000387864300006
ER
PT J
AU Ashton, IW
Symstad, AJ
Davis, CJ
Swanson, DJ
AF Ashton, Isabel W.
Symstad, Amy J.
Davis, Christopher J.
Swanson, Daniel J.
TI Preserving prairies: understanding temporal and spatial patterns of
invasive annual bromes in the Northern Great Plains
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE adaptive management; cheatgrass; fire effects; Japanese brome; nitrogen
deposition; Special Feature: Science for Our National Parks' Second
Century
ID MIXED-GRASS PRAIRIE; BURNING JAPANESE BROME; WESTERN UNITED-STATES;
IMPACTS RANGELAND; PLANT-COMMUNITIES; CLIMATE-CHANGE; NATIONAL-PARK;
TECTORUM; CHEATGRASS; DYNAMICS
AB Two Eurasian invasive annual brome grasses, cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) and Japanese brome (Bromus japonicus), are well known for their impact in steppe ecosystems of the western United States where these grasses have altered fire regimes, reduced native plant diversity and abundance, and degraded wildlife habitat. Annual bromes are also abundant in the grasslands of the Northern Great Plains (NGP), but their impact and ecology are not as well studied. It is unclear whether the lessons learned from the steppe will translate to the mixed-grass prairie where native plant species are adapted to frequent fires and grazing. Developing a successful annual brome management strategy for National Park Service units and other NGP grasslands requires better understanding of (1) the impact of annual bromes on grassland condition; (2) the dynamics of these species through space and time; and (3) the relative importance of environmental factors within and outside managers' control for these spatiotemporal dynamics. Here, we use vegetation monitoring data collected from 1998 to 2015 in 295 sites to relate spatiotemporal variability of annual brome grasses to grassland composition, weather, physical environmental characteristics, and ecological processes (grazing and fire). Concern about the impact of these species in NGP grasslands is warranted, as we found a decline in native species richness with increasing annual brome cover. Annual brome cover generally increased over the time of monitoring but also displayed a 3- to 5-yr cycle of reduction and resurgence. Relative cover of annual bromes in the monitored areas was best predicted by park unit, weather, extant plant community, slope grade, soil composition, and fire history. We found no evidence that grazing reduced annual brome cover, but this may be due to the relatively low grazing pressure in our study. By understanding the consequences and patterns of annual brome invasion, we will be better able to preserve and restore these grassland landscapes for future generations.
C1 [Ashton, Isabel W.; Davis, Christopher J.] Natl Pk Serv, Northern Great Plains Inventory & Monitoring Netw, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
[Symstad, Amy J.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Hot Springs, SD 57747 USA.
[Swanson, Daniel J.] Natl Pk Serv, Northern Great Plains Fire Ecol Program, Hot Springs, SD 57747 USA.
RP Ashton, IW (reprint author), Natl Pk Serv, Northern Great Plains Inventory & Monitoring Netw, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA.
EM isabel_ashton@nps.gov
FU National Park Service; U.S. Geological Survey
FX We thank the following NPS employees for helping us extract climate,
soils, wildlife, and fire history data: J. Gross, W. Monahan, C. Boever,
D. Licht, K. Hansen, S. Rockwood, L. LaFleur, and A. Jarding. We thank
K. Paintner-Green for providing valuable discussions. Comments from S.
Bansal, T. Rodhouse, C. McIntyre, J. Jonas, and two anonymous reviewers
improved this manuscript. This work was funded by the National Park
Service, with support for AJS from the U.S. Geological Survey. Any use
of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes only and
does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01438
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1438
PG 20
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900028
ER
PT J
AU Berryman, E
Ryan, MG
Bradford, JB
Hawbaker, TJ
Birdsey, R
AF Berryman, E.
Ryan, M. G.
Bradford, J. B.
Hawbaker, T. J.
Birdsey, R.
TI Total belowground carbon flux in subalpine forests is related to leaf
area index, soil nitrogen, and tree height
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE carbon dioxide; carbon sequestration; respiration; soil respiration
ID HYDRAULIC LIMITATION HYPOTHESIS; POSTFIRE LODGEPOLE PINE; MAINTENANCE
RESPIRATION; EUCALYPTUS PLANTATION; ECOSYSTEM RESPIRATION;
NORTH-AMERICA; AGE SEQUENCE; STAND AGE; TAEDA L.; ALLOCATION
AB In forests, total belowground carbon (C) flux (TBCF) is a large component of the C budget and represents a critical pathway for delivery of plant C to soil. Reducing uncertainty around regional estimates of forest C cycling may be aided by incorporating knowledge of controls over soil respiration and TBCF. Photosynthesis, and presumably TBCF, declines with advancing tree size and age, and photosynthesis increases yet C partitioning to TBCF decreases in response to high soil fertility. We hypothesized that these causal relationships would result in predictable patterns of TBCF, and partitioning of C to TBCF, with natural variability in leaf area index (LAI), soil nitrogen (N), and tree height in subalpine forests in the Rocky Mountains, USA. Using three consecutive years of soil respiration data collected from 22 0.38-ha locations across three 1-km(2) subalpine forested landscapes, we tested three hypotheses: (1) annual soil respiration and TBCF will show a hump-shaped relationship with LAI; (2) variability in TBCF unexplained by LAI will be related to soil nitrogen (N); and (3) partitioning of C to TBCF (relative to woody growth) will decline with increasing soil N and tree height. We found partial support for Hypothesis 1 and full support for Hypotheses 2 and 3. TBCF, but not soil respiration, was explained by LAI and soil N patterns (r(2) = 0.49), and the ratio of annual TBCF to TBCF plus aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) was related to soil N and tree height (r(2) = 0.72). Thus, forest C partitioning to TBCF can vary even within the same forest type and region, and approaches that assume a constant fraction of TBCF relative to ANPP may be missing some of this variability. These relationships can aid with estimates of forest soil respiration and TBCF across landscapes, using spatially explicit forest data such as national inventories or remotely sensed data products.
C1 [Berryman, E.; Hawbaker, T. J.] US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ryan, M. G.] Colorado State Univ, Nat Resource Ecol Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Ryan, M. G.] US Forest Serv, USDA, Rocky Mt Res Stn, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA.
[Bradford, J. B.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Birdsey, R.] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, Newtown Sq, PA 19073 USA.
RP Berryman, E (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Geosci & Environm Change Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
EM eberryman@usgs.gov
RI Ryan, Michael/A-9805-2008; Bradford, John/E-5545-2011;
OI Ryan, Michael/0000-0002-2500-6738; BERRYMAN, ERIN/0000-0001-8699-2474
FU USFS North American Carbon Program; USGS Climate and Land Use Change
Mission Area; NASA [CARBON/04-0225-0191]
FX The USFS North American Carbon Program and the USGS Climate and Land Use
Change Mission Area funded this work. Data collection was funded by NASA
grant CARBON/04-0225-0191. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is
for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The authors acknowledge the efforts of Brianna Miles for
data collection, as well as Jennifer Briggs (USGS) and anonymous peer
reviewers whose comments greatly improved the quality of this
manuscript.
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PI HOBOKEN
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SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01418
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1418
PG 16
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900012
ER
PT J
AU Earl, JE
Fuhlendorf, SD
Haukos, D
Tanner, AM
Elmore, D
Carleton, SA
AF Earl, Julia E.
Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.
Haukos, David
Tanner, Ashley M.
Elmore, Dwayne
Carleton, Scott A.
TI Characteristics of lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus)
long-distance movements across their distribution
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE dispersal; foray loop; migration; Southern Great Plains; tortuosity
ID DISPERSAL; POPULATION; LANDSCAPE; ECOLOGY; FRAGMENTATION; STRATEGIES;
BEHAVIOR; SEARCH; LEKS
AB Long-distance movements are important adaptive behaviors that contribute to population, community, and ecosystem connectivity. However, researchers have a poor understanding of the characteristics of long-distance movements for most species. Here, we examined long-distance movements for the lesser prairie-chicken (Tympanuchus pallidicinctus), a species of conservation concern. We addressed the following questions: (1) At what distances could populations be connected? (2) What are the characteristics and probability of dispersal movements? (3) Do lesser prairie-chickens display exploratory and round-trip movements? (4) Do the characteristics of long-distance movements vary by site? Movements were examined from populations using satellite GPS transmitters across the entire distribution of the species in New Mexico, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Colorado. Dispersal movements were recorded up to 71 km net displacement, much farther than hitherto recorded. These distances suggest that there may be greater potential connectivity among populations than previously thought. Dispersal movements were displayed primarily by females and had a northerly directional bias. Dispersal probabilities ranged from 0.08 to 0.43 movements per year for both sexes combined, although these movements averaged only 16 km net displacement. Lesser prairie-chickens displayed both exploratory foray loops and round-trip movements. Half of round-trip movements appeared seasonal, suggesting a partial migration in some populations. None of the long-distance movements varied by study site. Data presented here will be important in parameterizing models assessing population viability and informing conservation planning, although further work is needed to identify landscape features that may reduce connectivity among populations.
C1 [Earl, Julia E.; Fuhlendorf, Samuel D.; Tanner, Ashley M.; Elmore, Dwayne] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
[Haukos, David] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Div Biol, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Carleton, Scott A.] New Mexico State Univ, US Geol Survey, New Mexico Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
RP Earl, JE (reprint author), Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
EM julia.earl@okstate.edu
FU Oklahoma Department of Wildlife Conservation [LPC-OSU-12]; USDA NRCS
Lesser Prairie-Chicken Initiative; Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks
and Tourism; Colorado Parks and Wildlife; U.S. Geological Survey; Bureau
of Land Management; New Mexico Cooperative Conservation Agreement
through the Center of Excellence in Hazardous Materials Management;
Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment Station; South Central Climate Science
Center
FX Funding for this research was provided by the Oklahoma Department of
Wildlife Conservation grant LPC-OSU-12; the USDA NRCS Lesser
Prairie-Chicken Initiative; Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks and
Tourism; Colorado Parks and Wildlife; and U.S. Geological Survey.
Funding for data collection in New Mexico was provided by the Bureau of
Land Management and the New Mexico Cooperative Conservation Agreement
through the Center of Excellence in Hazardous Materials Management. We
thank the U.S. Geological Survey Oklahoma Cooperative Fish and Wildlife
Research Unit, S. Robinson, J. Kraft, J.M. Lautenbach, J. Lautenbach, R.
Plumb, D. Sullins, J. Reitz, M. Bain, J. Pitman, M. Mitchner, C. Hagen,
J. Reitz, J. Prendergast, D. Dahlgren, and A. Chappell for assistance.
Further support was provided by the Oklahoma Agricultural Experiment
Station. JEE was supported as a postdoctoral fellow by a grant from the
South Central Climate Science Center. Any use of trade, firm or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
the U.S. Government.
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PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01441
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1441
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900031
ER
PT J
AU Mazzotti, FJ
Cherkiss, MS
Parry, M
Beauchamp, J
Rochford, M
Smith, B
Hart, K
Brandt, LA
AF Mazzotti, Frank J.
Cherkiss, Michael S.
Parry, Mark
Beauchamp, Jeff
Rochford, Mike
Smith, Brian
Hart, Kristen
Brandt, Laura A.
TI Large reptiles and cold temperatures: Do extreme cold spells set
distributional limits for tropical reptiles in Florida?
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE American alligator; American crocodile; Burmese pythons; Everglades;
mortality; record cold spell; Special Feature: Extreme Cold Spells
ID INVASIVE BURMESE PYTHONS; AMERICAN CROCODILE; CROCODYLUS-ACUTUS;
WEATHER; EVERGLADES; ECTOTHERMS; ALLIGATORS; RANGE
AB Distributional limits of many tropical species in Florida are ultimately determined by tolerance to low temperature. An unprecedented cold spell during 2-11 January 2010, in South Florida provided an opportunity to compare the responses of tropical American crocodiles with warm-temperate American alligators and to compare the responses of nonnative Burmese pythons with native warm-temperate snakes exposed to prolonged cold temperatures. After the January 2010 cold spell, a record number of American crocodiles (n = 151) and Burmese pythons (n = 36) were found dead. In contrast, no American alligators and no native snakes were found dead. American alligators and American crocodiles behaved differently during the cold spell. American alligators stopped basking and retreated to warmer water. American crocodiles apparently continued to bask during extreme cold temperatures resulting in lethal body temperatures. The mortality of Burmese pythons compared to the absence of mortality for native snakes suggests that the current population of Burmese pythons in the Everglades is less tolerant of cold temperatures than native snakes. Burmese pythons introduced from other parts of their native range may be more tolerant of cold temperatures. We documented the direct effects of cold temperatures on crocodiles and pythons; however, evidence of long-term effects of cold temperature on their populations within their established ranges remains lacking. Mortality of crocodiles and pythons outside of their current established range may be more important in setting distributional limits.
C1 [Mazzotti, Frank J.; Beauchamp, Jeff; Rochford, Mike; Smith, Brian] Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Cherkiss, Michael S.; Hart, Kristen] US Geol Survey, Southeast Ecol Sci Ctr, 3245 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
[Parry, Mark] Natl Pk Serv, South Florida Nat Resource Ctr, 40001 State Rd 9336, Homestead, FL 33034 USA.
[Brandt, Laura A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
RP Mazzotti, FJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Ft Lauderdale Res & Educ Ctr, Dept Wildlife Ecol & Conservat, 3205 Coll Ave, Davie, FL 33314 USA.
EM fjma@ufl.edu
OI Smith, Brian/0000-0002-0531-0492
FU National Park Service Critical Ecosystem Studies Initiative; USGS
Priority Ecosystem Science Program; University of Florida
FX We thank Rafael Crespo, Mathew Denton, Mario Aldecoa, Ed Larivee, Joe
Wasilewski, and Brian Jeffery for assistance in the field. Funding was
provided by the National Park Service Critical Ecosystem Studies
Initiative, the USGS Priority Ecosystem Science Program, and the
University of Florida. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of
the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service.
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SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01439
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1439
PG 9
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900029
ER
PT J
AU Morley, SA
Coe, HJ
Duda, JJ
Dunphy, LS
McHenry, ML
Beckman, BR
Elofson, M
Sampson, EM
Ward, L
AF Morley, S. A.
Coe, H. J.
Duda, J. J.
Dunphy, L. S.
McHenry, M. L.
Beckman, B. R.
Elofson, M.
Sampson, E. M.
Ward, L.
TI Seasonal variation exceeds effects of salmon carcass additions on
benthic food webs in the Elwha River
SO ECOSPHERE
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic invertebrates; dam removal; Elwha River; marine-derived
nutrients; Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.) recolonization;
periphyton; salmon subsidies; stable isotopes; Washington State
ID MARINE-DERIVED NUTRIENTS; JUVENILE COHO SALMON; SCALE DAM REMOVAL;
PACIFIC SALMON; FRESH-WATER; STREAM PRODUCTIVITY; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
CALIFORNIA STREAMS; COMMUNITY DYNAMICS; SOUTHEAST ALASKA
AB Dam removal and other fish barrier removal projects in western North America are assumed to boost freshwater productivity via the transport of marine-derived nutrients from recolonizing Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.). In anticipation of the removal of two hydroelectric dams on the Elwha River in Washington State, we tested this hypothesis with a salmon carcass addition experiment. Our study was designed to examine how background nutrient dynamics and benthic food webs vary seasonally, and how these features respond to salmon subsidies. We conducted our experiment in six side channels of the Elwha River, each with a spatially paired reference and treatment reach. Each reach was sampled on multiple occasions from October 2007 to August 2008, before and after carcass placement. We evaluated nutrient limitation status; measured water chemistry, periphyton, benthic invertebrates, and juvenile rainbow trout (O. mykiss) response; and traced salmon-derived nutrient uptake using stable isotopes. Outside of winter, algal accrual was limited by both nitrogen and phosphorous and remained so even in the presence of salmon carcasses. One month after salmon addition, dissolved inorganic nitrogen levels doubled in treatment reaches. Two months after addition, benthic algal accrual was significantly elevated. We detected no changes in invertebrate or fish metrics, with the exception of N-15 enrichment. Natural seasonal variability was greater than salmon effects for the majority of our response metrics. Yet seasonality and synchronicity of nutrient supply and demand are often overlooked in nutrient enhancement studies. Timing and magnitude of salmon-derived nitrogen utilization suggest that uptake of dissolved nutrients was favored over direct consumption of carcasses. The highest proportion of salmon-derived nitrogen was incorporated by herbivores (18-30%) and peaked 1-2 months after carcass addition. Peak nitrogen enrichment in predators (11-16%) occurred 2-3 months after addition. All taxa returned to background delta N-15 levels by 7 months. Since this study was conducted, both dams on the Elwha River were removed over 2011-2014 to open over 90% of the basin to anadromous fishes. We anticipate that as the full portfolio of salmon species expands through the basin, nutrient supply and demand will come into better balance.
C1 [Morley, S. A.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
[Coe, H. J.] Ocean Associates, Arlington, VA 22207 USA.
[Duda, J. J.] US Geol Survey, Western Fisheries Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Dunphy, L. S.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
[McHenry, M. L.; Elofson, M.; Sampson, E. M.; Ward, L.] Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe, Nat Resources Dept, Port Angeles, WA 98363 USA.
[Beckman, B. R.] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Environm & Fisheries Sci Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
RP Morley, SA (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Northwest Fisheries Sci Ctr, Fish Ecol Div, Seattle, WA 98112 USA.
EM sarah.morley@noaa.gov
FU NWFSC Internal Grant Program; Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe; U.S. Geological
Survey's Ecosystems mission area
FX This work could not have been undertaken without support from numerous
colleagues, students, and volunteers from the Lower Elwha Klallam
Tribe's Natural Resources staff, the NWFSC Watershed Program, and
Peninsula College. In particular, we would like to thank T. Bennett, J.
Ganzhorn, K. Kloehn, R. Moses, V. Pelekis, G. Pess, C. Tran, and C.
Vizza for assistance in the field and laboratory. M. Liermann provided
statistical consultation and O. Stefankiv assisted with figure
preparation. This article benefited from comments by J. Bellmore, A.
Collins, B. Sanderson, and two anonymous peer reviewers. Funding was
provided by the NWFSC Internal Grant Program, the Lower Elwha Klallam
Tribe, and the U.S. Geological Survey's Ecosystems mission area. Use of
trade names is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute
endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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SN 2150-8925
J9 ECOSPHERE
JI Ecosphere
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
AR e01422
DI 10.1002/ecs2.1422
PG 19
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA EB2RG
UT WOS:000387208900016
ER
PT J
AU Bales, J
AF Bales, Jerad
TI FEATURED COLLECTION INTRODUCTION: OPEN WATER DATA INITIATIVE
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Bales, Jerad] US Geol Survey, Water, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 436, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
RP Bales, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Water, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,MS 436, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM jdbales@usgs.gov
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U1 0
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PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 811
EP 815
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12439
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800001
ER
PT J
AU Michelsen, AM
Jones, S
Evenson, E
Blodgett, D
AF Michelsen, Ari M.
Jones, Sonya
Evenson, Eric
Blodgett, David
TI THE USGS WATER AVAILABILITY AND USE SCIENCE PROGRAM: NEEDS,
ESTABLISHMENT, AND GOALS OF A WATER CENSUS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE water resources assessment; data management; Open-Water Data Initiative
(OWDI); watershed processes; monitoring
AB Many reports have recognized the need for a national water census for the United States and have called upon the U.S. Geological Survey to undertake this challenge. For example, the National Science and Technology Council stated: "The United States has a strong need for an ongoing census of water that describes the status of our Nation's water resource at any point in time and identifies trends over time." Responding to the need for this information, the U.S. Congress established the SECURE Water Act. The directives are to provide a more accurate assessment of the status of the water resources of the United States; determine the quantity of water available for beneficial uses; identify long-term trends in water availability; assist in determination of the quality of the water resources; and develop the basis for an improved ability to forecast the availability of water for future economic, energy production, and environmental uses. This article provides summary and new information on the process and progress on work to estimate water budget components nationwide, involvement of stakeholder interests, efforts to examine water-use characteristics throughout the Nation, studies of water availability in geographically focused areas and the initiation of methods to provide open access to existing and new water resources information contributing to Open Water Data Initiative (OWDI) efforts and objectives.
C1 [Michelsen, Ari M.] Texas A&M AgriLife Res Ctr El Paso, 1380 A&M Circle, El Paso, TX 79927 USA.
[Jones, Sonya] US Geol Survey, Water Mission Area, Norcross, GA 30039 USA.
[Evenson, Eric] US Geol Survey, Water Program Off, Water Mission Area, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648 USA.
[Blodgett, David] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
RP Michelsen, AM (reprint author), Texas A&M AgriLife Res Ctr El Paso, 1380 A&M Circle, El Paso, TX 79927 USA.
EM amichelsen@ag.tamu.edu
OI Blodgett, David/0000-0001-9489-1710
FU Texas A&M Agri-Life Research; USDA National Institute for Food and
Agriculture; U.S. Geological Survey
FX Development of this paper was supported by Texas A&M Agri-Life Research,
USDA National Institute for Food and Agriculture and the U.S. Geological
Survey. The opinions expressed and any errors or omissions are those of
the authors.
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SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 836
EP 844
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12422
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800004
ER
PT J
AU Blodgett, D
Read, E
Lucido, J
Slawecki, T
Young, D
AF Blodgett, David
Read, Emily
Lucido, Jessica
Slawecki, Tad
Young, Dwane
TI AN ANALYSIS OF WATER DATA SYSTEMS TO INFORM THE OPEN WATER DATA
INITIATIVE
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE data management; public participation; hydrologic cycle; geospatial
analysis; open data; network linked asset
AB Improving access to data and fostering open exchange of water information is foundational to solving water resources issues. In this vein, the Department of the Interior's Assistant Secretary for Water and Science put forward the charge to undertake an Open Water Data Initiative (OWDI) that would prioritize and accelerate work toward better water data infrastructure. The goal of the OWDI is to build out the Open Water Web (OWW). We therefore considered the OWW in terms of four conceptual functions: water data cataloging, water data as a service, enriching water data, and community for water data. To describe the current state of the OWW and identify areas needing improvement, we conducted an analysis of existing systems using a standard model for describing distributed systems and their business requirements. Our analysis considered three OWDI-focused use cases-flooding, drought, and contaminant transport-and then examined the landscape of other existing applications that support the Open Water Web. The analysis, which includes a discussion of observed successful practices of cataloging, serving, enriching, and building community around water resources data, demonstrates that we have made significant progress toward the needed infrastructure, although challenges remain. The further development of the OWW can be greatly informed by the interpretation and findings of our analysis.
C1 [Blodgett, David; Read, Emily; Lucido, Jessica] US Geol Survey, Off Water Informat, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Slawecki, Tad] LimnoTech, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA.
[Young, Dwane] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Blodgett, D (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Water Informat, 8505 Res Way, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM dblodgett@usgs.gov
OI Blodgett, David/0000-0001-9489-1710; Read, Emily/0000-0002-9617-9433
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U1 2
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SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 845
EP 858
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12417
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800005
ER
PT J
AU Larsen, S
Hamilton, S
Lucido, J
Garner, B
Young, D
AF Larsen, Sara
Hamilton, Stuart
Lucido, Jessica
Garner, Bradley
Young, Dwane
TI SUPPORTING DIVERSE DATA PROVIDERS IN THE OPEN WATER DATA INITIATIVE:
COMMUNICATING WATER DATA QUALITY AND FITNESS OF USE
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE planning; public participation; data management; quality
assurance/quality control (QAQC); water data; hydrology; water quality;
groundwater
AB Shared, trusted, timely data are essential elements for the cooperation needed to optimize economic, ecologic, and public safety concerns related to water. The Open Water Data Initiative (OWDI) will provide a fully scalable platform that can support a wide variety of data from many diverse providers. Many of these will be larger, well-established, and trusted agencies with a history of providing well-documented, standardized, and archive-ready products. However, some potential partners may be smaller, distributed, and relatively unknown or untested as data providers. The data these partners will provide are valuable and can be used to fill in many data gaps, but can also be variable in quality or supplied in nonstandardized formats. They may also reflect the smaller partners' variable budgets and missions, be intermittent, or of unknown provenance. A challenge for the OWDI will be to convey the quality and the contextual "fitness" of data from providers other than the most trusted brands. This article reviews past and current methods for documenting data quality. Three case studies are provided that describe processes and pathways for effective data-sharing and publication initiatives. They also illustrate how partners may work together to find a metadata reporting threshold that encourages participation while maintaining high data integrity. And lastly, potential governance is proposed that may assist smaller partners with short-and long-term participation in the OWDI.
C1 [Larsen, Sara] Western States Water Council, 5296 Commerce Dr,Ste 202, Murray, UT 84107 USA.
[Hamilton, Stuart] Aquat Informat, Vancouver, BC V6E 4M3, Canada.
[Lucido, Jessica] US Geol Survey, Ctr Integrated Data Analyt, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Garner, Bradley] US Geol Survey, Water Data & Serv Nation, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
[Young, Dwane] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Larsen, S (reprint author), Western States Water Council, 5296 Commerce Dr,Ste 202, Murray, UT 84107 USA.
EM saralarsen@wswc.utah.gov
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SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 859
EP 872
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12406
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800006
ER
PT J
AU Moore, RB
Dewald, TG
AF Moore, Richard B.
Dewald, Thomas G.
TI THE ROAD TO NHDPLUS - ADVANCEMENTS IN DIGITAL STREAM NETWORKS AND
ASSOCIATED CATCHMENTS
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE river networks; watersheds; geospatial analysis; rivers/streams
ID UNITED-STATES
AB A progression of advancements in Geographic Information Systems techniques for hydrologic network and associated catchment delineation has led to the production of the National Hydrography Dataset Plus (NHDPlus). NHDPlus is a digital stream network for hydrologic modeling with catchments and a suite of related geospatial data. Digital stream networks with associated catchments provide a geospatial framework for linking and integrating water-related data. Advancements in the development of NHDPlus are expected to continue to improve the capabilities of this national geospatial hydrologic framework. NHDPlus is built upon the medium-resolution NHD and, like NHD, was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and U.S. Geological Survey to support the estimation of streamflow and stream velocity used in fate-and-transport modeling. Catchments included with NHDPlus were created by integrating vector information from the NHD and from the Watershed Boundary Dataset with the gridded land surface elevation as represented by the National Elevation Dataset. NHDPlus is an actively used and continually improved dataset. Users recognize the importance of a reliable stream network and associated catchments. The NHDPlus spatial features and associated data tables will continue to be improved to support regional water quality and streamflow models and other user-defined applications.
C1 [Moore, Richard B.] US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA.
[Dewald, Thomas G.] US EPA, Off Wetlands Oceans & Watersheds, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Moore, RB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, New England Water Sci Ctr, Pembroke, NH 03275 USA.
EM rmoore@usgs.gov
NR 26
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 890
EP 900
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12389
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800008
ER
PT J
AU Viger, RJ
Rea, A
Simley, JD
Hanson, KM
AF Viger, Roland J.
Rea, Alan
Simley, Jeffrey D.
Hanson, Karen M.
TI NHDPLUSHR: A NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL FRAMEWORK FOR SURFACE-WATER INFORMATION
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE hydrography; surface water; geospatial data; river networks; watersheds;
geographic information system; geospatial analysis; National Hydrography
Dataset; Watershed Boundaries Dataset; 3-D Elevation Program
AB The U.S. Geological Survey is developing a new geospatial hydrographic framework for the United States, called the National Hydrography Dataset Plus High Resolution (NHDPlusHR), that integrates a diversity of the best-available information, robustly supports ongoing dataset improvements, enables hydrographic generalization to derive alternate representations of the network while maintaining feature identity, and supports modern scientific computing and Internet accessibility needs. This framework is based on the High Resolution National Hydrography Dataset, the Watershed Boundaries Dataset, and elevation from the 3-D Elevation Program, and will provide an authoritative, high precision, and attribute-rich geospatial framework for surface-water information for the United States. Using this common geospatial framework will provide a consistent basis for indexing water information in the United States, eliminate redundancy, and harmonize access to, and exchange of water information.
C1 [Viger, Roland J.] US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Cent Branch, 3215 Marine St,Ste E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Rea, Alan] US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Program, Boise, ID 83702 USA.
[Simley, Jeffrey D.] US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Program, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Hanson, Karen M.] US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Program, Salt Lake City, UT 84119 USA.
RP Viger, RJ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Natl Res Program, Cent Branch, 3215 Marine St,Ste E-127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
EM rviger@usgs.gov
OI Viger, Roland/0000-0003-2520-714X
NR 7
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 901
EP 905
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12429
PG 5
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800009
ER
PT J
AU Pellerin, BA
Stauffer, BA
Young, DA
Sullivan, DJ
Bricker, SB
Walbridge, MR
Clyde, GA
Shaw, DM
AF Pellerin, Brian A.
Stauffer, Beth A.
Young, Dwane A.
Sullivan, Daniel J.
Bricker, Suzanne B.
Walbridge, Mark R.
Clyde, Gerard A., Jr.
Shaw, Denice M.
TI EMERGING TOOLS FOR CONTINUOUS NUTRIENT MONITORING NETWORKS: SENSORS
ADVANCING SCIENCE AND WATER RESOURCES PROTECTION
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE sensors; nutrients; water quality; information management
ID HARMFUL ALGAL BLOOMS; SPRING-FED RIVER; IN-SITU SENSORS; MISSISSIPPI
RIVER; HIGH-RESOLUTION; DRINKING-WATER; WASTE-WATER; DATA DELUGE;
NITRATE; FREQUENCY
AB Sensors and enabling technologies are becoming increasingly important tools for water quality monitoring and associated water resource management decisions. In particular, nutrient sensors are of interest because of the well-known adverse effects of nutrient enrichment on coastal hypoxia, harmful algal blooms, and impacts to human health. Accurate and timely information on nutrient concentrations and loads is integral to strategies designed to minimize risk to humans and manage the underlying drivers of water quality impairment. Using nitrate sensors as the primary example, we highlight the types of applications in freshwater and coastal environments that are likely to benefit from continuous, real-time nutrient data. The concurrent emergence of new tools to integrate, manage, and share large datasets is critical to the successful use of nutrient sensors and has made it possible for the field of continuous monitoring to rapidly move forward. We highlight several near-term opportunities for federal agencies, as well as the broader scientific and management community, that will help accelerate sensor development, build and leverage sites within a national network, and develop open data standards and data management protocols that are key to realizing the benefits of a large-scale, integrated monitoring network. Investing in these opportunities will provide new information to guide management and policies designed to protect and restore our nation's water resources.
C1 [Pellerin, Brian A.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Stauffer, Beth A.] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Young, Dwane A.] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Sullivan, Daniel J.] US Geol Survey, Wisconsin Water Sci Ctr, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Bricker, Suzanne B.] NOAA, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Walbridge, Mark R.] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
[Clyde, Gerard A., Jr.] US Army Corp Engineers, Tulsa Dist, Tulsa, OK 74128 USA.
[Shaw, Denice M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Pellerin, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 6000 J St,Placer Hall, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
EM bpeller@usgs.gov
FU USGS Office of Water Quality; USGS National Water Quality Assessment
Program; National Water Quality Monitoring Council
FX The authors benefited from insights and comments from Robert Gilliom,
Charles Crawford, Donna Myers, Bill Wilber, Gary Rowe, Pixie Hamilton,
Mark Nilles, Andy Ziegler, Jeff Lape, and Richard Mitchell. We thank
Pete Penoyer (National Park Service) and two anonymous reviewers for
helpful comments on the manuscript. This article was supported by the
USGS Office of Water Quality, the USGS National Water Quality Assessment
Program, and the National Water Quality Monitoring Council.
NR 81
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 11
U2 11
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1093-474X
EI 1752-1688
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 4
BP 993
EP 1008
DI 10.1111/1752-1688.12386
PG 16
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA EB2DW
UT WOS:000387168800016
ER
PT J
AU Su, Y
Huber, C
Bachmann, O
Zajacz, Z
Wright, H
Vazquez, J
AF Su, Y.
Huber, Christian
Bachmann, Olivier
Zajacz, Zoltan
Wright, Heather
Vazquez, Jorge
TI The role of crystallization-driven exsolution on the sulfur mass balance
in volcanic arc magmas
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE excess sulfur; explosive eruption; second boiling; volatile saturated
magma
ID EL-CHICHON TRACHYANDESITE; HYDROUS SILICATE MELTS; BUBBLE-GROWTH;
EXPLOSIVE VOLCANISM; MOUNT-PINATUBO; 1982 ERUPTIONS; DACITE MAGMA; UPPER
CRUST; CHLORINE; GAS
AB The release of large amounts of sulfur to the stratosphere during explosive eruptions affects the radiative balance in the atmosphere and consequentially impacts climate for up to several years after the event. Quantitative estimations of the processes that control the mass balance of sulfur between melt, crystals, and vapor bubbles is needed to better understand the potential sulfur yield of individual eruption events and the conditions that favor large sulfur outputs to the atmosphere. The processes that control sulfur partitioning in magmas are (1) exsolution of volatiles (dominantly H2O) during decompression (first boiling) and during isobaric crystallization (second boiling), (2) the crystallization and breakdown of sulfide or sulfate phases in the magma, and (3) the transport of sulfur-rich vapor (gas influx) from deeper unerupted regions of the magma reservoir. Vapor exsolution and the formation/breakdown of sulfur-rich phases can all be considered as closed-system processes where mass balance arguments are generally easier to constrain, whereas the contribution of sulfur by vapor transport (open system process) is more difficult to quantify. The ubiquitous excess sulfur problem, which refers to the much higher sulfur mass released during eruptions than what can be accounted for by amount of sulfur originally dissolved in erupted melt, as estimated from melt inclusion sulfur concentrations (the petrologic estimate), reflects the challenges in closing the sulfur mass balance between crystals, melt, and vapor before and during a volcanic eruption. In this work, we try to quantify the relative importance of closed- and open-system processes for silicic arc volcanoes using kinetic models of sulfur partitioning during exsolution. Our calculations show that crystallization-induced exsolution (second boiling) can generate a significant fraction of the excess sulfur observed in crystal-rich arc magmas. This result does not negate the important role of vapor migration in sulfur mass balance but rather points out that second boiling (in situ exsolution) can provide the necessary yield to drive the excess sulfur to the levels observed for crystal-rich systems. In contrast, in crystal-poor systems, magma recharge that releases sulfur-rich bubbles is necessary and most likely the primary contributor to sulfur mass balance. Finally, we apply our model to account for the effect of sulfur partitioning during second boiling and its impact on sulfur released during the Cerro Galan supereruption in Argentina (2.08Ma) and show the potential importance of second boiling in releasing a large amount of sulfur to the atmosphere during the eruption of large crystal-rich ignimbrites.
C1 [Su, Y.; Huber, Christian] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
[Huber, Christian] Brown Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA.
[Bachmann, Olivier] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Mineral & Petrol, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Bachmann, Olivier] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Dept Earth Sci, Zurich, Switzerland.
[Zajacz, Zoltan] Univ Toronto, Dept Earth Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada.
[Wright, Heather] US Geol Survey, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Vazquez, Jorge] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Su, Y (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA.
EM yanqing.su@gatech.edu
FU NSF [EAR-1144957]; Swiss National Science Foundation [200021_146268,
PZ00P2_136857]; Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of
Canada
FX Y.S. and C.H. thank NSF EAR-1144957 for support. O.B. acknowledges the
support of the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant 200021_146268).
Z.Z. acknowledges the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council
of Canada and the Swiss National Science Foundation, Ambizione Grant
(PZ00P2_136857). The authors thank Leslie Hayden for assistance with
electron microprobe analysis and Brad Ito and Marsha Lidzbarski for
support using the Stanford-USGS SHRIMP-RG. The authors would like to
thank Paul Wallace, Jake Lowenstern, and Thomas Sisson for their helpful
comments.
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5624
EP 5640
DI 10.1002/2016JB013184
PG 17
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DW4LB
UT WOS:000383613400004
ER
PT J
AU Chouet, BA
Dawson, PB
AF Chouet, Bernard A.
Dawson, Phillip B.
TI Origin of the pulse-like signature of shallow long-period volcano
seismicity
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE long-period seismicity; Rayleigh pulse; discrete wave number modeling
ID KUSATSU-SHIRANE VOLCANO; WAVE-FORM INVERSION; FLUID-DRIVEN CRACK;
HYDROTHERMAL SYSTEM; COMPLEX FREQUENCIES; SOURCE MECHANISM; NEAR-FIELD;
EVENTS; TREMOR; JAPAN
AB Short-duration, pulse-like long-period (LP) events are a characteristic type of seismicity accompanying eruptive activity at Mount Etna in Italy in 2004 and 2008 and at Turrialba Volcano in Costa Rica and Ubinas Volcano in Peru in 2009. We use the discrete wave number method to compute the free surface response in the near field of a rectangular tensile crack embedded in a homogeneous elastic half space and to gain insights into the origin of the LP pulses. Two source models are considered, including (1) a vertical fluid-driven crack and (2) a unilateral tensile rupture growing at a fixed sub-Rayleigh velocity with constant opening on a vertical crack. We apply cross correlation to the synthetics and data to demonstrate that a fluid-driven crack provides a natural explanation for these data with realistic source sizes and fluid properties. Our modeling points to shallow sources (<1km depth), whose signatures are representative of the Rayleigh pulse sampled at epicentral distances >approximate to 1km. While a slow-rupture failure provides another potential model for these events, the synthetics and resulting fits to the data are not optimal in this model compared to a fluid-driven source. We infer that pulse-like LP signatures are parts of the continuum of responses produced by shallow fluid-driven sources in volcanoes.
C1 [Chouet, Bernard A.; Dawson, Phillip B.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Chouet, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM chouet@usgs.gov
NR 33
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 5931
EP 5941
DI 10.1002/2016JB013152
PG 11
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DW4LB
UT WOS:000383613400021
ER
PT J
AU Barnhart, WD
Murray, JR
Briggs, RW
Gomez, F
Miles, CPJ
Svarc, J
Riquelme, S
Stressler, BJ
AF Barnhart, William D.
Murray, Jessica R.
Briggs, Richard W.
Gomez, Francisco
Miles, Charles P. J.
Svarc, Jerry
Riquelme, Sebastian
Stressler, Bryan J.
TI Coseismic slip and early afterslip of the 2015 Illapel, Chile,
earthquake: Implications for frictional heterogeneity and coastal uplift
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE afterslip; Illapel earthquake; InSAR; rate and state friction; coastal
uplift; Megathrust earthquake; Asperity Models
ID SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE; TOKACHI-OKI EARTHQUAKE; KURIL SUBDUCTION
ZONE; SAN-ANDREAS FAULT; 14 NOVEMBER 2007; NORTHERN CHILE; MAULE
EARTHQUAKE; POSTSEISMIC DEFORMATION; MEGATHRUST EARTHQUAKE; TOCOPILLA
EARTHQUAKE
AB Great subduction earthquakes are thought to rupture portions of the megathrust, where interseismic coupling is high and velocity-weakening frictional behavior is dominant, releasing elastic deformation accrued over a seismic cycle. Conversely, postseismic afterslip is assumed to occur primarily in regions of velocity-strengthening frictional characteristics that may correlate with lower interseismic coupling. However, it remains unclear if fixed frictional properties of the subduction interface, coseismic or aftershock-induced stress redistribution, or other factors control the spatial distribution of afterslip. Here we use interferometric synthetic aperture radar and Global Position System observations to map the distribution of coseismic slip of the 2015 M-w 8.3 Illapel, Chile, earthquake and afterslip within the first 38days following the earthquake. We find that afterslip overlaps the coseismic slip area and propagates along-strike into regions of both high and moderate interseismic coupling. The significance of these observations, however, is tempered by the limited resolution of geodetic inversions for both slip and coupling. Additional afterslip imaged deeper on the fault surface bounds a discrete region of deep coseismic slip, and both contribute to net uplift of the Chilean Coastal Cordillera. A simple partitioning of the subduction interface into regions of fixed frictional properties cannot reconcile our geodetic observations. Instead, stress heterogeneities, either preexisting or induced by the earthquake, likely provide the primary control on the afterslip distribution for this subduction zone earthquake. We also explore the occurrence of coseismic and postseismic coastal uplift in this sequence and its implications for recent hypotheses concerning the source of permanent coastal uplift along subduction zones.
C1 [Barnhart, William D.; Stressler, Bryan J.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Murray, Jessica R.; Svarc, Jerry] US Geol Survey, 2Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Briggs, Richard W.] US Geol Survey, Geol Hazards Sci Ctr, Golden, CO USA.
[Gomez, Francisco; Miles, Charles P. J.] Univ Missouri, Dept Geol Sci, Columbia, MO USA.
[Riquelme, Sebastian] Univ Chile, Ctr Sismol Nacl, Santiago, Chile.
RP Barnhart, WD (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM william-barnhart-1@uiowa.edu
OI Briggs, Richard/0000-0001-8108-0046
NR 87
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 6172
EP 6191
DI 10.1002/2016JB013124
PG 20
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DW4LB
UT WOS:000383613400034
ER
PT J
AU Weiss, JR
Brooks, BA
Foster, JH
Bevis, M
Echalar, A
Caccamise, D
Heck, J
Kendrick, E
Ahlgren, K
Raleigh, D
Smalley, R
Vergani, G
AF Weiss, Jonathan R.
Brooks, Benjamin A.
Foster, James H.
Bevis, Michael
Echalar, Arturo
Caccamise, Dana
Heck, Jacob
Kendrick, Eric
Ahlgren, Kevin
Raleigh, David
Smalley, Robert, Jr.
Vergani, Gustavo
TI Isolating active orogenic wedge deformation in the southern Subandes of
Bolivia
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SOLID EARTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Bolivian Subandes; orogenic wedge deformation; GPS; fold-and-thrust belt
ID SUMATRA-ANDAMAN EARTHQUAKE; 7.7 TOCOPILLA EARTHQUAKE; 2014 IQUIQUE
EARTHQUAKE; CENTRAL ANDEAN PLATEAU; AMERICA EULER VECTOR; GEODETIC
TIME-SERIES; FOLD-THRUST BELT; INTERSEISMIC DEFORMATION; GREAT
EARTHQUAKES; GORKHA EARTHQUAKE
AB A new GPS-derived surface velocity field for the central Andean backarc permits an assessment of orogenic wedge deformation across the southern Subandes of Bolivia, where recent studies suggest that great earthquakes (>M-w 8) are possible. We find that the backarc is not isolated from the main plate boundary seismic cycle. Rather, signals from subduction zone earthquakes contaminate the velocity field at distances greater than 800km from the Chile trench. Two new wedge-crossing velocity profiles, corrected for seasonal and earthquake affects, reveal distinct regions that reflect (1) locking of the main plate boundary across the high Andes, (2) the location of and loading rate at the back of orogenic wedge, and (3) an east flank velocity gradient indicative of decollement locking beneath the Subandes. Modeling of the Subandean portions of the profiles indicates along-strike variations in the decollement locked width (W-L) and wedge loading rate; the northern wedge decollement has a W-L of similar to 100km while accumulating slip at a rate of similar to 14mm/yr, whereas the southern wedge has a W-L of similar to 61km and a slip rate of similar to 7mm/yr. When compared to Quaternary estimates of geologic shortening and evidence for Holocene internal wedge deformation, the new GPS-derived wedge loading rates may indicate that the southern wedge is experiencing a phase of thickening via reactivation of preexisting internal structures. In contrast, we suspect that the northern wedge is undergoing an accretion or widening phase primarily via slip on relatively young thrust-front faults.
C1 [Weiss, Jonathan R.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Weiss, Jonathan R.] Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, COMET, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.
[Weiss, Jonathan R.; Foster, James H.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Brooks, Benjamin A.] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Bevis, Michael; Caccamise, Dana; Heck, Jacob; Kendrick, Eric; Raleigh, David] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Echalar, Arturo] Inst Geog Mil, La Paz, Bolivia.
[Ahlgren, Kevin] St Cloud State Univ, Land Surveying Mapping Sci, St Cloud, MN 56301 USA.
[Smalley, Robert, Jr.] Univ Memphis, Ctr Earthquake Res & Informat, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.
[Vergani, Gustavo] Pluspetrol SA, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
RP Weiss, JR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Geol & Geophys, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.; Weiss, JR (reprint author), Univ Leeds, Sch Earth & Environm, COMET, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England.; Weiss, JR (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Hawaii Inst Geophys & Planetol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
EM J.R.Weiss@leeds.ac.uk
FU National Science Foundation [EAR-1443317, EAR-1118481]
FX This study was supported by the National Science Foundation (grants
EAR-1443317 and EAR-1118481). We thank Jeanne Hardebeck of the USGS for
providing relocated Bolivian thrust front earthquake information. We
thank our collaborators at the Instituto Geografico Militar de Bolivia
and the Centro de Procesamiento y Analysis GNSS including Angel
Mollericona, Hilario Cruz, Ricardo Carita, Marcelo Segales, Nelson
Olivera, Tito Flores, Daniel Espinoza, Wilson Soria, Wilber Delgado,
David Morales, Ricardo Carita, Jose Marquez, Jorge Arteaga, and Moises
Lopez. The local knowledge, experience, and expertise of Roger Tinta
Sallico in particular proved to be indispensable on countless occasions.
We also thank Andrew Barbour and Eileen Evans of the USGS and Garrett
Ito of the University of Hawaii for their careful reading and
suggestions that significantly improved the manuscript. The paper also
benefits greatly from the reviews of Editor Andre Revil, Ernesto
Cristallini, and an anonymous reviewer. The Generic Mapping Tools
software [Wessel et al., 2009] was used to prepare Figures 1-4, 6, 9-12,
S1, and S3. The data for this paper are available by contacting Jonathan
R. Weiss at jweis-s@hawaii.edu or James H. Foster at
jfoster@soest.hawaii.edu. This is SOEST contribution 9709.
NR 122
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-9313
EI 2169-9356
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-SOL EA
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Solid Earth
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 121
IS 8
BP 6192
EP 6218
DI 10.1002/2016JB013145
PG 27
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DW4LB
UT WOS:000383613400035
ER
PT J
AU Winslow, LA
Chamberlain, S
Appling, AP
Read, JS
AF Winslow, Luke A.
Chamberlain, Scott
Appling, Alison P.
Read, Jordan S.
TI sbtools: A Package Connecting R to Cloud-based Data for Collaborative
Online Research
SO R JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
AB The adoption of high-quality tools for collaboration and reproducibile research such as R and Github is becoming more common in many research fields. While Github and other version management systems are excellent resources, they were originally designed to handle code and scale poorly to large text-based or binary datasets. A number of scientific data repositories are coming online and are often focused on dataset archival and publication. To handle collaborative workflows using large scientific datasets, there is increasing need to connect cloud-based online data storage to R. In this article, we describe how the new R package sbtools enables direct access to the advanced online data functionality provided by ScienceBase, the U.S. Geological Survey's online scientific data storage platform.
C1 [Winslow, Luke A.; Appling, Alison P.; Read, Jordan S.] US Geol Survey, Off Water Informat Middleton, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
[Chamberlain, Scott] Univ Calif Berkeley, ROpenSci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Winslow, LA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Off Water Informat Middleton, Middleton, WI 53562 USA.
EM lwinslow@usgs.gov; scott@ropensci.org; aappling@usgs.gov; jread@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Office of Water Information; USGS
Community for Data Integration
FX This work was supported by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), Office of
Water Information and by funding from the USGS Community for Data
Integration (funding title: sbtools: An R package for ScienceBase). We
would like to thank Drew Ignizio, Marian Talbert and the two journal
reviewers for their careful reviews and feedback on the manuscript and
package. Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 13
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU R FOUNDATION STATISTICAL COMPUTING
PI WIEN
PA WIRTSCHAFTSUNIVERSITAT, INST STATISTICS & MATHEMATICS, AUGASSE 2-6,
WIEN, 1090, AUSTRIA
SN 2073-4859
J9 R J
JI R Journal
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 1
BP 387
EP 398
PG 12
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics &
Probability
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA DY6YP
UT WOS:000385276100030
ER
PT J
AU Tullos, D
Walter, C
Dunham, J
AF Tullos, Desiree
Walter, Cara
Dunham, Jason
TI Does resolution of flow field observation influence apparent habitat use
and energy expenditure in juvenile coho salmon?
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE fish bioenergetics; aquatic habitat restoration; habitat selection;
turbulence; instream flow incremental methodology
ID DOPPLER-VELOCIMETER DATA; SWIMMING SPEED; ALTERED FLOWS; RAINBOW-TROUT;
FISH; STREAM; TURBULENCE; SIZE; GROWTH; ECOLOGY
AB This study investigated how the resolution of observation influences interpretation of how fish, juvenile Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), exploit the hydraulic environment in streams. Our objectives were to evaluate how spatial resolution of the flow field observation influenced: (1) the velocities considered to be representative of habitat units; (2) patterns of use of the hydraulic environment by fish; and (3) estimates of energy expenditure. We addressed these objectives using observations within a 1:1 scale physical model of a full-channel log jam in an outdoor experimental stream. Velocities were measured with Acoustic Doppler Velocimetry at a 10 cm grid spacing, whereas fish locations and tailbeat frequencies were documented over time using underwater videogrammetry. Results highlighted that resolution of observation did impact perceived habitat use and energy expenditure, as did the location of measurement within habitat units and the use of averaging to summarize velocities within a habitat unit. In this experiment, the range of velocities and energy expenditure estimates increased with coarsening resolution (grid spacing from 10 to 100 cm), reducing the likelihood of measuring the velocities locally experienced by fish. In addition, the coarser resolutions contributed to fish appearing to select velocities that were higher than what was measured at finer resolutions. These findings indicate the need for careful attention to and communication of resolution of observation in investigating the hydraulic environment and in determining the habitat needs and bioenergetics of aquatic biota.
C1 [Tullos, Desiree; Walter, Cara] Oregon State Univ, Dept Biol & Ecol Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Dunham, Jason] US Geol Survey, Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR USA.
RP Tullos, D (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Biol & Ecol Engn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM desiree.tullos@oregonstate.edu
FU National Science Foundation [1134596]
FX This work was funded by National Science Foundation award 1134596. We
gratefully acknowledge the staff at OHRC (David Noakes, Ryan Couture,
Joseph O'Neil, and Joyce Mahr), Jin Parisien, Tessa Hanson, Julianne
Robinson, Emily Flock, Anna Leitschuh, Randi Mendes, and Lisa Thompson
for support in collecting and processing data. Use of trade or firm
names is for reader information only and does not constitute endorsement
of any product or service by the U.S. Government. This work was
performed under ACUP #4251 and ODFW permit number 16614. All data are
available by request from the corresponding author
(desiree.tullos@oregonstate.edu).
NR 59
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Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 8
BP 5938
EP 5950
DI 10.1002/2015WR018501
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA DW5KT
UT WOS:000383684400013
ER
PT J
AU Rengers, FK
McGuire, LA
Kean, JW
Staley, DM
Hobley, DEJ
AF Rengers, F. K.
McGuire, L. A.
Kean, J. W.
Staley, D. M.
Hobley, D. E. J.
TI Model simulations of flood and debris flow timing in steep catchments
after wildfire
SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE wildfire; numerical modeling; flood
ID HYDROLOGIC RESPONSE; BURNED AREAS; IRREGULAR NETWORK; WATER REPELLENCY;
POSTFIRE EROSION; SURFACE RUNOFF; OVERLAND-FLOW; FIRE; INITIATION;
DIFFUSION
AB Debris flows are a typical hazard on steep slopes after wildfire, but unlike debris flows that mobilize from landslides, most postwildfire debris flows are generated from water runoff. The majority of existing debris flow modeling has focused on landslide-triggered debris flows. In this study we explore the potential for using process-based rainfall-runoff models to simulate the timing of water flow and runoff-generated debris flows in recently burned areas. Two different spatially distributed hydrologic models with differing levels of complexity were used: the full shallow water equations and the kinematic wave approximation. Model parameter values were calibrated in two different watersheds, spanning two orders of magnitude in drainage area. These watersheds were affected by the 2009 Station Fire in the San Gabriel Mountains, CA, USA. Input data for the numerical models were constrained by time series of soil moisture, flow stage, and rainfall collected at field sites, as well as high-resolution lidar-derived digital elevation models. The calibrated parameters were used to model a third watershed in the burn area, and the results show a good match with observed timing of flow peaks. The calibrated roughness parameter (Manning's n) was generally higher when using the kinematic wave approximation relative to the shallow water equations, and decreased with increasing spatial scale. The calibrated effective watershed hydraulic conductivity was low for both models, even for storms occurring several months after the fire, suggesting that wildfire-induced changes to soil-water infiltration were retained throughout that time. Overall, the two model simulations were quite similar suggesting that a kinematic wave model, which is simpler and more computationally efficient, is a suitable approach for predicting flood and debris flow timing in steep, burned watersheds.
C1 [Rengers, F. K.; McGuire, L. A.; Kean, J. W.; Staley, D. M.] US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Hobley, D. E. J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Geol Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
RP Rengers, FK (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM frengers@usgs.gov
NR 81
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Z9 5
U1 8
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0043-1397
EI 1944-7973
J9 WATER RESOUR RES
JI Water Resour. Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 52
IS 8
BP 6041
EP 6061
DI 10.1002/2015WR018176
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water
Resources
GA DW5KT
UT WOS:000383684400019
ER
PT J
AU Hultine, KR
Grady, KC
Wood, TE
Shuster, SM
Stella, JC
Whitham, TG
AF Hultine, Kevin R.
Grady, Kevin C.
Wood, Troy E.
Shuster, Stephen M.
Stella, John C.
Whitham, Thomas G.
TI Climate change perils for dioecious plant species
SO NATURE PLANTS
LA English
DT Review
ID ENVIRONMENTAL SEX DETERMINATION; GENDER-SPECIFIC PATTERNS;
PINYON-JUNIPER WOODLAND; ACER-NEGUNDO; WATER-USE; RESOURCE-ALLOCATION;
ASSISTED MIGRATION; STRESS TOLERANCE; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; WARMING CLIMATE
AB Climate change, particularly increased aridity, poses a significant threat to plants and the biotic communities they support. Dioecious species may be especially vulnerable to climate change given that they often exhibit spatial segregation of the sexes, reinforced by physiological and morphological specialization of each sex to different microhabitats. In dimorphic species, the overexpression of a trait by one gender versus the other may become suppressed in future climates. Data suggest that males will generally be less sensitive to increased aridity than co-occurring females and, consequently, extreme male-biased sex ratios are possible in a significant number of populations. The effects of male-biased sex ratios are likely to cascade to dependent community members, especially those that are specialized on one sex.
C1 [Hultine, Kevin R.] Desert Bot Garden, Dept Res Conservat & Collect, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA.
[Grady, Kevin C.] No Arizona Univ, Sch Forestry, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Wood, Troy E.] US Geol Survey, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Shuster, Stephen M.; Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Merriam Powell Ctr Environm Res, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Shuster, Stephen M.; Whitham, Thomas G.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Stella, John C.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Forest & Nat Resources Management, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
RP Hultine, KR (reprint author), Desert Bot Garden, Dept Res Conservat & Collect, Phoenix, AZ 85008 USA.
EM khultine@dbg.org
FU National Science Foundation's MacroSystems Biology Program [1340852,
1340856]; MRI Award [DBI-1126840]
FX Financial support was provided by the National Science Foundation's
MacroSystems Biology Program (award nos 1340852 to K.C.G. and T.G.W.,
1340856 to K.R.H.) and an MRI Award (DBI-1126840 to T.G.W.) to establish
the Southwest Experimental Garden Array (SEGA).
NR 99
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 17
U2 17
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 2055-026X
EI 2055-0278
J9 NAT PLANTS
JI Nat. Plants
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 8
AR 16109
DI 10.1038/NPLANTS.2016.109
PG 8
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA DY3RE
UT WOS:000385010500002
PM 28221374
ER
PT J
AU Hutchison, W
Biggs, J
Mather, TA
Pyle, DM
Lewi, E
Yirgu, G
Caliro, S
Chiodini, G
Clor, LE
Fischer, TP
AF Hutchison, William
Biggs, Juliet
Mather, Tamsin A.
Pyle, David M.
Lewi, Elias
Yirgu, Gezahegn
Caliro, Stefano
Chiodini, Giovanni
Clor, Laura E.
Fischer, Tobias P.
TI Causes of unrest at silicic calderas in the East African Rift: New
constraints from InSAR and soil-gas chemistry at Aluto volcano, Ethiopia
SO GEOCHEMISTRY GEOPHYSICS GEOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE geothermal resources; InSAR; degassing; continental rifting; magmatic
processes
ID LANGANO GEOTHERMAL-FIELD; CAMPI FLEGREI CALDERA; SYNTHETIC-APERTURE
RADAR; ELASTIC HALF-SPACE; CARBON-ISOTOPE; MAGMA INTRUSION; GROUND
DEFORMATION; SYSTEM; AFAR; CO2
AB Restless silicic calderas present major geological hazards, and yet many also host significant untapped geothermal resources. In East Africa, this poses a major challenge, although the calderas are largely unmonitored their geothermal resources could provide substantial economic benefits to the region. Understanding what causes unrest at these volcanoes is vital for weighing up the opportunities against the potential risks. Here we bring together new field and remote sensing observations to evaluate causes of ground deformation at Aluto, a restless silicic volcano located in the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER). Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) data reveal the temporal and spatial characteristics of a ground deformation episode that took place between 2008 and 2010. Deformation time series reveal pulses of accelerating uplift that transition to gradual long-term subsidence, and analytical models support inflation source depths of approximate to 5 km. Gases escaping along the major fault zone of Aluto show high CO2 flux, and a clear magmatic carbon signature (CO2-C-13 of -4.2 to -4.5). This provides compelling evidence that the magmatic and hydrothermal reservoirs of the complex are physically connected. We suggest that a coupled magmatic-hydrothermal system can explain the uplift-subsidence signals. We hypothesize that magmatic fluid injection and/or intrusion in the cap of the magmatic reservoir drives edifice-wide inflation while subsequent deflation is related to magmatic degassing and depressurization of the hydrothermal system. These new constraints on the plumbing of Aluto yield important insights into the behavior of rift volcanic systems and will be crucial for interpreting future patterns of unrest.
C1 [Hutchison, William; Mather, Tamsin A.; Pyle, David M.] Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, COMET, Oxford, England.
[Hutchison, William] Univ St Andrews, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland.
[Biggs, Juliet] Univ Bristol, Sch Earth Sci, COMET, Wills Mem Bldg, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Lewi, Elias] Univ Addis Ababa, IGSSA, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[Yirgu, Gezahegn] Univ Addis Ababa, Sch Earth Sci, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
[Caliro, Stefano; Chiodini, Giovanni] Osserv Vesuviano, Ist Nazl Geofis & Vulcanol, Naples, Italy.
[Clor, Laura E.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Fischer, Tobias P.] Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, MSC03 2040, Albuquerque, NM USA.
RP Hutchison, W (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Earth Sci, COMET, Oxford, England.; Hutchison, W (reprint author), Univ St Andrews, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, St Andrews KY16 9AJ, Fife, Scotland.
EM wh39@st-andrews.ac.uk
RI Caliro, Stefano/E-8542-2013; Mather, Tamsin/A-7604-2011; Pyle,
David/C-5707-2009
OI Caliro, Stefano/0000-0002-8522-6695; Mather, Tamsin/0000-0003-4259-7303;
Pyle, David/0000-0002-2663-9940
FU Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/L013932/1]; NERC Centre
for the Observation and Modelling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and
Tectonics (COMET); NERC [NE/J5000045/1]; University College (University
of Oxford); Geological Remote Sensing Group; Edinburgh Geological
Society; Leverhulme Trust; Volcanic and Geothermal Volatiles Lab at the
Center for Stable Isotopes; NSF [EAR-1113066]
FX This work is a contribution to the Natural Environment Research Council
(NERC) funded RiftVolc project (NE/L013932/1, Rift volcanism: past,
present, and future). W.H., J.B., T.A.M., and D.M.P. are supported by
and contribute to the NERC Centre for the Observation and Modelling of
Earthquakes, Volcanoes, and Tectonics (COMET). Envisat data were
provided by ESA. ALOS data were provided through ESA third party
mission. W.H. funded by NERC studentship, NE/J5000045/1. Additional
funding for fieldwork was provided by University College (University of
Oxford), the Geological Remote Sensing Group, the Edinburgh Geological
Society, and the Leverhulme Trust. Analytical work at the University of
New Mexico was supported by the Volcanic and Geothermal Volatiles Lab at
the Center for Stable Isotopes and an NSF grant EAR-1113066 to T.P.F.
The full CO2-delta13C data set is provided in the
supporting information file. All other data presented in this paper are
archived at the Department of Earth Sciences, University of Oxford, and
can be accessed by contacting Tamsin A. Mather
(Tamsin.Mather@earth.ox.ac.uk). The airborne lidar data set (collected
by NERC ARSF flight ET12-17-321) is freely available and can be accessed
from http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1261646. We also thank
Giacomo Corti and an anonymous reviewer for their constructive comments
that helped to improve the original paper.
NR 123
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1525-2027
J9 GEOCHEM GEOPHY GEOSY
JI Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 17
IS 8
BP 3008
EP 3030
DI 10.1002/2016GC006395
PG 23
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA DY0TD
UT WOS:000384808200004
ER
PT J
AU Piper, DZ
AF Piper, D. Z.
TI Geochemistry of the Black Sea during the last 15kyr: A protracted
evolution of its hydrography and ecology
SO PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE Black Sea; geochemistry; hydrography; Holocene climate
ID HYDROGEN ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; ORGANIC-CARBON ACCUMULATION; HOLOCENE
CLIMATE; MARMARA SEA; LEVEL; SHELF; SEDIMENTS; SAPROPEL; MATTER; RECORD
AB The Black Sea is a 2200m deep anoxic, marine sea connected to the Mediterranean Sea via the Dardanelles Strait, Marmara Sea, and the 3km wide, 35m deep Bosphorus Strait. The biogeochemistry of sediment from the Anatolia slope has recorded changes to the hydrography leading up to and following the input of Mediterranean water at similar to 9.4ka (10(3)years B.P.), when global sea level rose to the level of the Bosphorus sill and high-salinity water from the Mediterranean began to spill into the then brackish lake. The water initially mixed little with the lake water but cascaded to the bottom where it remained essentially isolated for similar to 1.6kyr, the time required to fill the basin from the bottom up at its present input rate. The accumulation of Mo in the seafloor sediments, a proxy of bottom-water anoxia, increased sharply at similar to 8.6ka, when bacterial respiration in the bottom water advanced to SO42- reduction by the oxidation of organic detritus that settled out of the photic zone. Its accumulation remained elevated to similar to 5.6ka, when it decreased 60%, only to again increase slightly at similar to 2.0ka. The accumulation of C-org, a proxy of primary productivity, increased threefold to fourfold at similar to 7.8ka, when upward mixing of the high-salinity bottom water replaced the then thin veneer of the brackish photic zone in less than 50years. From that time onward, the accumulation of C-org, Mo, and additional trace metals has reflected the hydrography of the basin and Bosphorus Strait, controlled largely by climate.
C1 [Piper, D. Z.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Piper, DZ (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dzpiper@usgs.gov
FU U.S. National Science Foundation; U.S. Geological Survey
FX The sediment core examined in this study was collected during the 1988
expedition of the R/V Knorr to the Black Sea, made possible by the
support from the U.S. National Science Foundation. Further support for
this research was provided by the U.S. Geological Survey. J. Self-Trail
identified the distribution of E. huxleyi in the core interval across
the Unit 2/1 boundary. J.A. Addison, S.E. Calvert, M. McGann, and J.F.
Slack, plus two anonymous individuals, reviewed early drafts of the
manuscript. I am deeply grateful to these persons and organizations for
their time and support. The data used in this report (Table 1) can be
obtained in. xlsx format by e-mailing the author at dzpiper@usgs.gov.
NR 96
TC 0
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U1 4
U2 4
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0883-8305
EI 1944-9186
J9 PALEOCEANOGRAPHY
JI Paleoceanography
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 8
BP 1117
EP 1137
DI 10.1002/2016PA002949
PG 21
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Oceanography; Paleontology
SC Geology; Oceanography; Paleontology
GA DW4MF
UT WOS:000383616500007
ER
PT J
AU Giglio, RM
Ivy, JA
Jones, LC
Latch, EK
AF Giglio, R. M.
Ivy, J. A.
Jones, L. C.
Latch, E. K.
TI Evaluation of alternative management strategies for maintenance of
genetic variation in wildlife populations
SO ANIMAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE bison; wildlife management; pedigree; modeling; culling; genetic
variation; genetic diversity
ID INBREEDING DEPRESSION; BREEDING PROGRAMS; DIVERSITY; SELECTION;
CONSERVATION; MINIMIZATION; DEMOGRAPHY; PEDIGREES; VIABILITY; PATTERNS
AB Wildlife management strategies are often designed around a population's demographic goals, but such strategies also can inadvertently impact genetic variation. For species like bison Bison bison, where management includes the regular removal of individuals to maintain restricted population sizes on constrained landscapes, management actions can be tailored to address genetic diversity retention in addition to simply maintaining a target population size. In this study, we provide an assessment of alternative culling strategies for maintenance of genetic variation in managed wildlife populations. Our primary goal was to compare the long-term retention of genetic variation and accumulation of inbreeding among three types of culling strategies, including one that considered genetic variation directly by measuring variation at a suite of variable loci [mean allele frequency (MAF) strategy], one that used genome-wide measures of variation [mean kinship (MK) strategy] and one that relied solely on demographic information (sex and age; RANDOM). To achieve this goal, we built an individual-based model, parameterized in accordance with bison biology, to project levels of genetic variation and inbreeding over time under each of the three management strategies. Our results suggest wildlife management strategies that incorporate goals for retaining genetic variation (MAF and MK strategies) are better suited to preserving the evolutionary potential of wildlife populations than those that focus solely on a target size and demographic stability (RANDOM). In particular, the MK culling strategy performed the best at maximizing the retention of genome-wide variation. These results extend previous work demonstrating the utility of pedigree-based mate selection strategies in captive population management, and show that such strategies maximize the retention of genome-wide variation under culling practices as well. These models will aid in the long-term management of bison, and can be adapted to other managed wildlife species.
C1 [Giglio, R. M.; Latch, E. K.] Univ Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA.
[Ivy, J. A.] San Diego Zoo Global, San Diego, CA USA.
[Jones, L. C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Bozeman, MT USA.
RP Latch, EK (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Biol Sci, 3209 N Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53211 USA.
EM latch@uwm.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We appreciate the financial support provided by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service. M. Mooring, C. Penedo and K. McPeak facilitated the
assessment of parentage relationships in the founding FTN herd.
NR 69
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1367-9430
EI 1469-1795
J9 ANIM CONSERV
JI Anim. Conserv.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 19
IS 4
BP 380
EP 390
DI 10.1111/acv.12254
PG 11
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DT0YH
UT WOS:000381208400010
ER
PT J
AU Sankey, TT
Sankey, JB
Horne, R
Bedford, A
AF Sankey, Temuulen Ts.
Sankey, Joel B.
Horne, Rene
Bedford, Ashton
TI Remote Sensing of Tamarisk Biomass, Insect Herbivory, and Defoliation:
Novel Methods in the Grand Canyon Region, Arizona
SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
ID DIORHABDA-CARINULATA DESBROCHERS; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES;
BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL AGENT; COLORADO RIVER; RIPARIAN VEGETATION; THEMATIC
MAPPER; SOIL-SALINITY; WATER-USE; SALTCEDAR; SPP.
AB Tamarisk is an invasive, riparian shrub species in the southwestern USA. The northern tamarisk beetle (Diorhabda carinulata) has been introduced to several states to control tamarisk. We classified tamarisk distribution in the Glen Canyon National Recreation Area, Arizona using 0.2 m resolution, airborne multispectral data and estimated tamarisk beetle effects (overall accuracy of 86 percent) leading to leaf defoliation in a 49,408 m(2) area. We also estimated individual tamarisk tree biomass and their uncertainties using airborne lidar data (100 points/m(2)). On average, total aboveground tamarisk biomass was 8.68 kg/m(2) (SD = 17.6). The tamarisk beetle defoliation resulted in a mean leaf biomass loss of 0.52 kg/m(2) and an equivalent of 25,692 kg across the entire study area. Our defoliated tamarisk map and biomass estimates can help inform restoration treatments to reduce tamarisk. Continued monitoring of tamarisk and tamarisk beetle effects are recommended to understand the currently-unknown eventual equilibrium between the two species and the cascading effects on ecosystem processes.
C1 [Sankey, Temuulen Ts.; Horne, Rene; Bedford, Ashton] No Arizona Univ, Informat & Comp Program, 1298 S Knoles Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
[Sankey, Joel B.] US Geol Survey, Grand Canyon Monitoring & Res Ctr, Southwest Biol Sci Ctr, 2255 N Gemini Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86001 USA.
RP Sankey, TT (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Informat & Comp Program, 1298 S Knoles Dr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA.
EM Temuulen.Sankey@nau.edu
FU U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Reclamation through Glen
Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program
FX This work was funded by the U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of
Reclamation through the Glen Canyon Dam Adaptive Management Program. The
authors wish to thank: Barbara Ralston for discussions that helped
conceive the study, and for assisting with field work; Sasha Reed for
completing the leaf/litter chemistry analysis and for helpful review of
an earlier draft of the manuscript; Charles Yackulic for helpful
discussions that improved the statistical analyses; Laura Cagney for
helpful reviews of the remote sensing data products; Pamela Nagler for
providing the USGS internal manuscript review; Terry Arundel and Brad
Davis for assistance with the data processing. Any use of trade,
product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not
imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. We also thank Northern Arizona
University (NAU)/NASA Space Grant Undergraduate Internship Program for
supporting the undergraduate researcher and author, Rene Horne.
NR 53
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Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA
SN 0099-1112
EI 2374-8079
J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S
JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 82
IS 8
BP 645
EP 652
DI 10.14358/PERS.82.8.645
PG 8
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing;
Imaging Science & Photographic Technology
SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA DX0QB
UT WOS:000384067900009
ER
PT J
AU Love, KB
Hallet, B
Pratt, TL
O'Neel, S
AF Love, Katherine Boldt
hallet, Bernard
Pratt, Thomas L.
O'Neel, Shad
TI Observations and modeling of fjord sedimentation during the 30 year
retreat of Columbia Glacier, AK
SO JOURNAL OF GLACIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ice/ocean interactions; glacial geomorphology; glacial sedimentology;
seismics; subglacial sediments
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; LARGE TIDEWATER GLACIER; ICE-SHEET; MASS-BALANCE;
RECONCILED ESTIMATE; DISENCHANTMENT BAY; TURBIDITY CURRENTS; HYDROLOGIC
BASIS; ELIAS MOUNTAINS; GROUNDING-LINE
AB To explore links between glacier dynamics, sediment yields and the accumulation of glacial sediments in a temperate setting, we use extensive glaciological observations for Columbia Glacier, Alaska, and new oceanographic data from the fjord exposed during its retreat. High-resolution seismic data indicate that 3.2 x 10(8) m(3) of sediment has accumulated in Columbia Fjord over the past three decades, which corresponds to similar to 5 mm a(-1) of erosion averaged over the glaciated area. We develop a general model to infer the sediment-flux history from the glacier that is compatible with the observed retreat history, and the thickness and architecture of the fjord sediment deposits. Results reveal a fivefold increase in sediment flux from 1997 to 2000, which is not correlated with concurrent changes in ice flux or retreat rate. We suggest the flux increase resulted from an increase in the sediment transport capacity of the subglacial hydraulic system due to the retreat-related steepening of the glacier surface over a known subglacial deep basin. Because variations in subglacial sediment storage can impact glacial sediment flux, in addition to changes in climate, erosion rate and glacier dynamics, the interpretation of climatic changes based on the sediment record is more complex than generally assumed.
C1 [Love, Katherine Boldt; Pratt, Thomas L.] Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[hallet, Bernard] Univ Washington, Dept Earth & Space Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[hallet, Bernard] Univ Washington, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Pratt, Thomas L.] US Geol Survey, 959 Natl Ctr, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[O'Neel, Shad] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
RP Love, KB (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Oceanog, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM katie.boldt.love@gmail.com
FU Quaternary Research Center at the University of Washington; NDSEG
Fellowship
FX This work was funded by the Quaternary Research Center at the University
of Washington and a NDSEG Fellowship to Boldt Love. Support for
glaciological observations and analyses came from the USGS Climate and
Land Use Change Mission and the Alaska Climate Science Center. We
appreciate Mark Meier and Austin Post for their leading roles in the
seminal research on Columbia Glacier and other tidewater glaciers, for
developing a comprehensive monitoring program of Columbia Glacier in
early anticipation of its retreat, and for providing rich insights and
stimulating interest in the complex dynamics of these glaciers. We also
thank Dave Janka, captain of the Auklet, for making our field campaign
possible and for his deep commitment to understanding the history and
environment of Columbia Glacier; Chuck Nittrouer for helping to conceive
and support the field work, for lending his coring equipment and for
providing insights on an early draft; Dick Sylwester for the use of his
seismic equipment; Bob McNabb for collaborating on the glacier bed
profiles; Tad Pfeffer and Al Rasmussen for generously sharing their
insights; Ethan Welty for providing terminus position information;
Shelton Gay for sharing water-column data; Adam Barker and Shaun Finn
for help in the field; Lee Liberty for insights and discussions about
sonar and seismic data; and Eric Steig for his commitment to supporting
ice/ocean studies at the University of Washington. Thoughtful reviews
from Martin Truffer, Emily Roland and one anonymous reviewer improved
this manuscript. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
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PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND
SN 0022-1430
EI 1727-5652
J9 J GLACIOL
JI J. Glaciol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 62
IS 234
BP 778
EP 793
DI 10.1017/jog.2016.67
PG 16
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DW8DG
UT WOS:000383883000012
ER
PT J
AU Nevers, MB
Przybyla-Kelly, K
Spoljaric, A
Shively, D
Whitman, RL
Byappanahalli, MN
AF Nevers, Meredith B.
Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia
Spoljaric, Ashley
Shively, Dawn
Whitman, Richard L.
Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.
TI Freshwater wrack along Great Lakes coasts harbors Escherichia coli:
Potential for bacterial transfer between watershed environments
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Beach; Indicator bacteria; Organic matter; Bacteria growth; Shoreline
ID CLADOPHORA-GLOMERATA; INDICATOR BACTERIA; NEARSHORE WATER;
CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; MACROALGA CLADOPHORA; PATHOGENIC BACTERIA;
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA; STORMWATER RUNOFF; PLASTIC DEBRIS; FECAL BACTERIA
AB We investigated the occurrence, persistence, and growth potential of Escherichia coli associated with freshwater organic debris (i.e., wrack) frequently deposited along shorelines (shoreline wrack), inputs from rivers (river CPOM), and parking lot runoffs (urban litter). Samples were collected from 9 Great Lakes beaches, 3 creeks, and 4 beach parking lots. Shoreline wrack samples were mainly composed of wood chips, straw, sticks, leaf litter, seeds, feathers, and mussel shells; creek and parking lot samples included dry grass, straw, seeds, wood chips, leaf/pine needle litter; soil particles were present in parking lot samples only. E. coli concentrations (most probable number, MPN) were highly variable in all sample types: shoreline wrack frequently reached 10(5)/g dry weight (dw), river CPOM ranged from 81 to 7,916/g dw, and urban litter ranged from 0.5 to 24,952/g dw. Sequential rinsing studies showed that 61-87% of E. coli concentrations were detected in the first wash of shoreline wrack, with declining concentrations associated with 4-8 subsequent washings; viable counts were still detected even after 8 washes. E. coli grew readily in shoreline wrack and river CPOM incubated at 35 degrees C. At 30 degrees C, growth was only detected in river CPOM and not in shoreline wrack or urban litter, but the bacteria persisted for at least 16 days. In summary, freshwater wrack is an understudied component of the beach ecosystem that harbors E. coli and thus likely influences estimations of water quality and the microbial community in the nearshore as a result of transfer between environments. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Nevers, Meredith B.; Przybyla-Kelly, Kasia; Spoljaric, Ashley; Shively, Dawn; Whitman, Richard L.; Byappanahalli, Muruleedhara N.] US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1574 N 300 E, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA.
[Spoljaric, Ashley; Shively, Dawn] Michigan State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
RP Nevers, MB (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1574 N 300 E, Chesterton, IN 46304 USA.
EM mnevers@usgs.gov
OI Shively, Dawn/0000-0002-6119-924X
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 760
EP 767
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.04.011
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900003
ER
PT J
AU Matisoff, G
Kaltenberg, EM
Steely, RL
Hummel, SK
Seo, J
Gibbons, KJ
Bridgeman, TB
Seo, Y
Behbahani, M
James, WF
Johnson, LT
Doan, P
Dittrich, M
Evans, MA
Chaffin, JD
AF Matisoff, Gerald
Kaltenberg, Eliza M.
Steely, Rebecca L.
Hummel, Stephanie K.
Seo, Jinyu
Gibbons, Kenneth J.
Bridgeman, Thomas B.
Seo, Youngwoo
Behbahani, Mohsen
James, William F.
Johnson, Laura T.
Phuong Doan
Dittrich, Maria
Evans, Mary Anne
Chaffin, Justin D.
TI Internal loading of phosphorus in western Lake Erie
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Lake Erie; Phosphorus; Internal loading; Western Basin; Sediments;
Phosphorus flux
ID FRESH-WATER; MARINE-SEDIMENTS; MESOTROPHIC LAKE; SHALLOW LAKES;
PHOSPHATE; IRON; MUSSELS; EXCHANGE; RELEASE; TRENDS
AB This study applied eight techniques to obtain estimates of the diffusive flux of phosphorus (P) from bottom sediments throughout the western basin of Lake Erie. The flux was quantified from both aerobic and anaerobic incubations of whole cores; by monitoring the water encapsulated in bottom chambers; from pore water concentration profiles measured with a phosphate microelectrode, a diffusive equilibrium in thin films (DET) hydrogel, and expressed pore waters; and from mass balance and biogeochemical diagenetic models. Fluxes under aerobic conditions at summertime temperatures averaged 1.35 mg P/m(2)/day and displayed spatial variability on scales as small as a centimeter. Using two different temperature correction factors, the flux was adjusted to mean annual temperature yielding average annual fluxes of 0.43-0.91 mg P/m(2)/day and a western basin-wide total of 378-808 Mg P/year as the diffusive flux from sediments. This is 3-7% of the 11,000 Mg P/year International Joint Commission (IJC) target load for phosphorus delivery to Lake Erie from external sources. Using these average aerobic fluxes, the sediment contributes 3.0-63 mu g P/L as a background internal contribution that represents 20-42% of the IJC Target Concentration of 15 mu g P/L for the western basin. The implication is that this internal diffusive recycling of P is unlikely to trigger cyanobacterial blooms by itself but is sufficiently large to cause blooms when combined with external loads. This background flux may be also responsible for delayed response of the lake to any decrease in the external loading. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Matisoff, Gerald; Kaltenberg, Eliza M.; Steely, Rebecca L.; Hummel, Stephanie K.; Seo, Jinyu] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
[Gibbons, Kenneth J.; Bridgeman, Thomas B.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, Lake Erie Ctr, 6200 Bayshore Rd, Oregon, OH 34616 USA.
[Seo, Youngwoo; Behbahani, Mohsen] Univ Toledo, Sch Green Chem, Dept Civil Engn Chem & Environm Engn, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[James, William F.] Univ Wisconsin Stout, Sustainabil Sci Inst, Dept Biol, 123E Jarvis Hall, Menomonie, WI 54751 USA.
[Johnson, Laura T.] Heidelberg Univ, Natl Ctr Water Qual Res, 310 E Market St, Tiffin, OH 44883 USA.
[Phuong Doan; Dittrich, Maria] Univ Toronto Scarborough, Dept Phys & Environm Sci, 1265 Mil Trail, Toronto, ON M1C 1A4, Canada.
[Evans, Mary Anne] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
[Chaffin, Justin D.] Ohio State Univ, Franz Theodore Stone Lab Ohio Sea Grant, POB 119,878 Bayview Ave, Put In Bay, OH 43456 USA.
RP Matisoff, G (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Earth Environm & Planetary Sci, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA.
EM gerald.matisoff@case.edu
FU EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative [GL-00E01284]; Ohio Sea Grant
[RES123861]; Lake Erie Protection Fund [SG 445-2013]; U.S. Army Engineer
District-Buffalo
FX This work was supported by an EPA Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
project GL-00E01284 to the Ohio Lake Erie Commission. Portions of the
work were also supported by Ohio Sea Grant project RES123861, the Lake
Erie Protection Fund project number SG 445-2013, and the U.S. Army
Engineer District-Buffalo. The authors acknowledge Kevin Hart, Matt
Thomas, Gregory Kennedy, Glen Black, and Tyler Steube for assisting with
chamber deployment, sampling, and retrieval. C. Behnke, J. DePinto, and
E. Verhamme of LimnoTech (Ann Arbor, MI) are thanked for organizing and
executing a portion of the sediment core collection for laboratory
incubation and for providing data and comments to improve the
manuscript. The authors would also like to thank the EPA for providing
ship time and the crew of the R/V Lake Guardian. The paper benefited
from reviews by J. DePinto, J. Larson, and two anonymous reviewers. This
is publication 2016 of the U.S. Geological Survey Great Lakes Science
Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 775
EP 788
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.04.004
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900005
ER
PT J
AU Vasquez, AA
Hudson, PL
Fujimoto, M
Keeler, K
Armenio, PM
Ram, JL
AF Vasquez, Adrian A.
Hudson, Patrick L.
Fujimoto, Masanori
Keeler, Kevin
Armenio, Patricia M.
Ram, Jeffrey L.
TI Eurytemora carolleeae in the Laurentian Great Lakes revealed by
phylogenetic and morphological analysis
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Copepod; Cytochrome oxidase I (COI); Eurytemora carolleeae;
Biogeography; Invasive; Taxonomy
ID SHIPS BALLAST WATER; FRESH-WATER; SPECIES COMPLEX; COPEPODA-CALANOIDA;
ATLANTIC COAST; AFFINIS POPPE; INTRODUCTIONS; TEMORIDAE; POPULATIONS;
CRUSTACEA
AB In the Laurentian Great Lakes, specimens of Eurytemora have been reported as Eurytemora affinis since its invasion in the late 1950s. During an intensive collection of aquatic invertebrates for morphological and molecular identification in Western Lake Erie in 2012-2013, several specimens of Eurytemora were collected. Analysis of these specimens identified them as the recently described species Eurytemora carolleeae Alekseev and Souissi 2011. This result led us to assess E. carolleeae's identifying features, geographic distribution and historical presence in the Laurentian Great lakes in view of its recent description in 2011. Cytochrome oxidase I (COI) DNA sequences of Eurytemora specimens were identified as closer (2-4% different) to recently described E. carolleeae than to most E. affinis sequences (14% different). Eurytemora from other areas of the Great Lakes and from North American rivers as far west as South Dakota (Missouri River) and east to Delaware (Christina River) also keyed to E. carolleeae. Morphological analysis of archival specimens from 1962 and from all the Great Lakes was identified as E. carolleeae. Additionally, Eurytemora drawings in previous publications were reassessed to determine if the species was E. carolleeae and are reported here. Additional morphological characters that may distinguish North American E. carolleeae from other taxa are also described. We conclude that E. carolleeae is the correct name for the species of Eurytemora that has inhabited the Great Lakes since its invasion, as established by both morphological and COI sequence comparisons to reference keys and sequence databases in present and archival specimens. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vasquez, Adrian A.; Fujimoto, Masanori; Ram, Jeffrey L.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, 5374 Scott Hall,540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
[Hudson, Patrick L.; Keeler, Kevin; Armenio, Patricia M.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Vasquez, AA (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Physiol, 5374 Scott Hall,540 E Canfield St, Detroit, MI 48201 USA.
EM adrian.amelio.vasquez@gmail.com
OI Armenio, Patricia M./0000-0003-1686-2679
FU EPA [GL-00E00808-00]; NIH fellowship [NIH R25 GM058905-17]
FX This work was funded with grants to JLR from EPA (GL-00E00808-00) and an
NIH fellowship to AAV (NIH R25 GM058905-17). We are grateful for the
help from the Cruz, Vasquez, Persadi and Hudson families for their
assistance with collection of specimens across North America. We thank
artist Lynn Lesko for her detailed drawings of the E. carolleeae male
and female P5 legs and help in editing the micrographs. Dr. Eduardo
Suarez-Morales was gracious to provide us with additional morphometrics
on his archived specimens from the collection at ECOSUR, Chetumal,
Mexico which, with his help, we used to further differentiate our
specimens. Our thanks are extended to two anonymous reviewers who helped
to improve this manuscript. We are also thankful for all the excellent
taxonomists who preceded this work with their work, especially John
Gannon (Scientist Emeritus, USGS Great Lakes Science Center, Ann Arbor,
MI). This is contribution number 2021 from the Great Lakes Science
Center. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the US Government.
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PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 802
EP 811
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.04.001
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900007
PM 27713595
ER
PT J
AU Davis, JJ
Jackson, PR
Engel, FL
LeRoy, JZ
Neeley, RN
Finney, ST
Murphy, EA
AF Davis, Jeremiah J.
Jackson, P. Ryan
Engel, Frank L.
LeRoy, Jessica Z.
Neeley, Rebecca N.
Finney, Samuel T.
Murphy, Elizabeth A.
TI Entrainment, retention, and transport of freely swimming fish in
junction gaps between commercial barges operating on the Illinois
Waterway
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Fish entrainment; Asian carp; Barge; Hydraulics; Illinois Waterway;
Electric Dispersal Barrier
ID GREAT-LAKES; RIVER; NAVIGATION; CARP
AB Large Electric Dispersal Barriers were constructed in the Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal (CSSC) to prevent the transfer of invasive fish species between the Mississippi River Basin and the Great Lakes Basin while simultaneously allowing the passage of commercial barge traffic. We investigated the potential for entrainment, retention, and transport of freely swimming fish within large gaps (>50 m(3)) created at junction points between barges. Modified mark and capture trials were employed to assess fish entrainment, retention, and transport by barge tows. A multi-beam sonar system enabled estimation of fish abundance within barge junction gaps. Barges were also instrumented with acoustic Doppler velocity meters to map the velocity distribution in the water surrounding the barge and in the gap formed at the junction of two barges. Results indicate that the water inside the gap can move upstream with a barge tow at speeds near the barge tow travel speed. Water within 1 m to the side of the barge junction gaps was observed to move upstream with the barge tow. Observed transverse and vertical water velocities suggest pathways by which fish may potentially be entrained into barge junction gaps. Results of mark and capture trials provide direct evidence that small fish can become entrained by barges, retained within junction gaps, and transported over distances of at least 15.5 km. Fish entrained within the barge junction gap were retained in that space as the barge tow transited through locks and the Electric Dispersal Barriers, which would be expected to impede fish movement upstream. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Davis, Jeremiah J.; Neeley, Rebecca N.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carterville Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Wilmington Substn, 30239 S Route 53, Wilmington, IL 60481 USA.
[Jackson, P. Ryan; Engel, Frank L.; LeRoy, Jessica Z.; Murphy, Elizabeth A.] US Geol Survey, Illinois Water Sci Ctr, 405 N Goodwin Ave, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Finney, Samuel T.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carterville Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 9052 Route 148,Suite A, Marion, IL 62959 USA.
RP Davis, JJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Carterville Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, Wilmington Substn, 30239 S Route 53, Wilmington, IL 60481 USA.
EM Jeremiah_Davis@fws.gov
OI LeRoy, Jessica/0000-0003-4035-6872
FU Great Lakes Restoration Initiative [DW-014-92450701-0]
FX The authors wish to thank Illinois Michigan Oil, the crews of the David
E. and Lisa E., the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers crews at Brandon Road
Lock and Lockport Lock, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers crews at the
Electric Dispersal Barrier system, the U.S. Coast Guard Marine Support
Unit Chicago, and the Will County, IL Emergency Management Agency for
their help and patience during the completion of these trials. In
addition, we would like to thank the numerous individuals from the U.S.
Fish and Wildlife Service who spent countless hours on the deck of the
barges carrying out these important experiments and Carolyn Koebel with
the USGS for her help with the supplemental time lapse video. This work
was funded by the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative
(DW-014-92450701-0).
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SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 837
EP 848
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.005
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900011
ER
PT J
AU Jordbro, EJ
Di Rocco, RT
Imre, I
Johnson, NS
Brown, GE
AF Jordbro, Ethan J.
Di Rocco, Richard T.
Imre, Istvan
Johnson, Nicholas S.
Brown, Grant E.
TI White sucker Catostomus commersonii respond to conspecific and sea
lamprey Petromyzon marinus alarm cues but not potential predator cues
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-target species; Sea lamprey repellents; Chemical alarm cues;
2-Phenylethylamine
ID AVOIDANCE; PREY
AB Recent studies proposed the use of chemosensory alarm cues to control the distribution of invasive sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus populations in the Laurentian Great Lakes and necessitate the evaluation of sea lamprey chemosensory alarm cues on valuable sympatric species such as white sucker. In two laboratory experiments, 10 replicate groups (10 animals each) of migratory white suckers were exposed to deionized water (control), conspecific whole-body extract, heterospecific whole-body extract (sea lamprey) and two potential predator cues (2-phenylethylamine HCl (PEA HCl) and human saliva) during the day, and exposed to the first four of the above cues at night. White suckers avoided the conspecific and the sea lamprey whole -body extract both during the day and at night to the same extent. Human saliva did not induce avoidance during the day. PEA HC1 did not induce avoidance at a higher concentration during the day, or at night at the minimum concentration that was previously shown to induce maximum avoidance by sea lamprey under laboratory conditions. Our findings suggest that human saliva and PEA HCl may be potential species-specific predator cues for sea lamprey. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Jordbro, Ethan J.; Di Rocco, Richard T.; Imre, Istvan] Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, 1520 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
[Johnson, Nicholas S.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Hammond Bay Biol Stn, 11188 Ray Rd, Millersburg, MI 49759 USA.
[Brown, Grant E.] Concordia Univ, Dept Biol, 7141 Sherbrooke St West, Montreal, PQ H4B 1R6, Canada.
RP Imre, I (reprint author), Algoma Univ, Dept Biol, 1520 Queen St East, Sault Ste Marie, ON P6A 2G4, Canada.
EM ejordbro@algomau.ca; richard.dirocco@algomau.ca; istvan.imre@algomau.ca;
njohnson@usgs.gov; grant.brown@concordia.ca
FU Great Lakes Fishery Commission [2014_IMR_54023]
FX We thank the employees of the Hammond Bay Biological Station for sharing
their facilities and providing assistance. We are grateful to the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service and Fisheries and Oceans Canada for
providing the experimental animals. We would also like to thank H.
McClure, M. Barnett, and N. Stratton for their help with data
collection. The Great Lakes Fishery Commission (2014_IMR_54023) provided
funding for this study. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This is contribution 2017 of the Great Lakes Science Center.
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SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 849
EP 853
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.04.003
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900012
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, JH
Ringler, NH
AF Johnson, James H.
Ringler, Neil H.
TI Comparative diets of subyearling Atlantic salmon and subyearling coho
salmon in Lake Ontario tributaries
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Atlantic salmon; Coho salmon; Diet
ID TROUT SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; BROOK TROUT; ONCORHYNCHUS-KISUTCH;
RAINBOW-TROUT; BROWN TROUT; HABITAT USE; CUTTHROAT TROUT; BULL TROUT;
NEW-YORK; COMPETITION
AB Restoration of Atlantic salmon (Salmo solar) in Lake Ontario could potentially be negatively affected by the presence of non-native salmonids that are naturalized in the basin. Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) have been spawning successfully in Lake Ontario tributaries for over 40 years and their juveniles will reside in streams with juvenile Atlantic salmon for one year. This study sought to examine interspecific diet associations between these species, and to compare diets to the composition of the benthos and drift in three Lake Ontario tributaries. Aquatic insects, mainly ephemeropterans and chironomids were the major prey consumed by subyearling Atlantic salmon whereas terrestrial invertebrates made up only 3.7% of the diet. Ephemeropterans and chironomids were the primary aquatic taxa consumed by subyearling coho salmon but, as a group, terrestrial invertebrates (41.8%) were the major prey. In sympatry, Atlantic salmon fed more actively from the benthos whereas the diet of coho salmon was more similar to the drift The different feeding pattern of each species resulted in low interspecific diet similarity. There is likely little competition between these species for food in Lake Ontario tributaries as juveniles. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Johnson, James H.] US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
[Ringler, Neil H.] SUNY Coll Environm Sci & Forestry, Dept Environm & Forest Biol, 1 Forestry Dr, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA.
RP Johnson, JH (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Tunison Lab Aquat Sci, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 3075 Gracie Rd, Cortland, NY 13045 USA.
EM jhjohnson@usgs.gov
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SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 854
EP 860
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.007
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900013
ER
PT J
AU Miller, LM
Schreiner, DR
Blankenheim, JE
Ward, MC
Quinlan, HR
Moore, S
AF Miller, Loren M.
Schreiner, Donald R.
Blankenheim, Joshua E.
Ward, Matthew C.
Quinlan, Henry R.
Moore, Seth
TI Effects of restrictive harvest regulations on rehabilitation of coaster
brook trout in Minnesota's portion of Lake Superior
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Coaster brook trout; Genetics; Lake Superior; Regulations;
Rehabilitation; Hatchery
ID SALVELINUS-FONTINALIS; BROWN TROUT; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; NIPIGON BAY;
HABITAT USE; TRIBUTARY; SALMON; MICHIGAN; STREAM; RIVER
AB Adfluvial brook trout in Lake Superior, commonly referred to as coasters, were once widely distributed among tributaries and supported trophy fisheries. The Minnesota Department of Natural Resources recently enhanced efforts to rehabilitate brook trout in Minnesota waters by imposing restrictive harvest regulations intended to produce more large individuals adopting a coaster life-history. The agency evaluated effects of the regulation changes by conducting electrofishing stream surveys concurrently with changes and three additional times over the next 16 years. Catch per unit effort of brook trout across all streams was similar among sampling periods. Generalized linear mixed models indicated a greater proportional size structure (number >= 330 mm/number >= 200 mm) and proportion of older fish (>= age 3) after the regulation change. Genetic analyses indicated that individuals from coaster hatchery strains, which were stocked in nearby jurisdictions, made up only 5.6% of all individuals in Minnesota streams and 12% of individuals >= 330 mm, although the two largest fish were hatchery strain. Our results indicated that conservative regulations can contribute to rehabilitation of coaster populations and that stocked coasters could not account for the improved size and age structure. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Miller, Loren M.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 2003 Upper Buford Circle,135 Skok Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Miller, Loren M.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 135 Skok Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
[Schreiner, Donald R.; Blankenheim, Joshua E.; Ward, Matthew C.] Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 5351 North Shore Dr, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
[Quinlan, Henry R.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Ashland Fish & Wildlife Conservat Off, 2800 Lake Shore Dr East, Ashland, WI 54806 USA.
[Moore, Seth] Grand Portage Band Chippewa, 27 Store Rd, Grand Portage, MN 55605 USA.
RP Miller, LM (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Nat Resources, 2003 Upper Buford Circle,135 Skok Hall, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM lmm@umn.edu
FU Minnesota Department of Natural Resources; U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service, Ashland, WI
FX We thank members of the MNDNR Lake Superior Area staff, especially Steve
Morse, Jeff Tilma, and Joe Ostazeski for sample collection. In addition,
we thank members of Trout Unlimited and the Arrowhead Fly Fishers who
assisted in sample collection. We also thank Wendylee Stott, Great Lakes
Science Centre, Ann Arbor, MI, for providing genotype data, Jake Hennig
and Xe Khang, University of Minnesota, who assisted in the genetics
laboratory, and David Staples, MNDNR, who assisted with statistical
analyses. Funding was provided by the Minnesota Department of Natural
Resources and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Ashland, WI.
NR 49
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PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 883
EP 892
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.006
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900016
ER
PT J
AU Embke, HS
Kocovsky, PM
Richter, CA
Pritt, JJ
Mayer, CM
Qian, SS
AF Embke, Holly S.
Kocovsky, Patrick M.
Richter, Catherine A.
Pritt, Jeremy J.
Mayer, Christine M.
Qian, Song S.
TI First direct confirmation of grass carp spawning in a Great Lakes
tributary
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Invasive species; Freshwater fish; Asian carp; Lake Erie
ID ASIAN CARPS; EGGS; ERIE; TRANSPORT; RIVERS; BASIN; FISH
AB Grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), an invasive species of Asian carp, has been stocked for many decades in the United States for vegetation control. Adult individuals have been found in all of the Great Lakes except Lake Superior, but no self-sustaining populations have yet been identified in Great Lakes tributaries. In 2012, a commercial fisherman caught four juvenile diploid grass carp in the Sandusky River, a major tributary to Lake Erie. Otolith microchemistry and the capture location of these fish permitted the conclusion that they were most likely produced in the Sandusky River. Due to this finding, we sampled ichthyoplankton using paired bongo net tows and larval light traps during June-August of 2014 and 2015 to determine if grass carp are spawning in the Sandusky River. From the samples collected in 2015, we identified and staged eight eggs that were morphologically consistent with grass carp. Five eggs were confirmed as grass carp using quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction for a grass carp-specific marker, while the remaining three were retained for future analysis. Our finding confirms that grass carp are naturally spawning in this Great Lakes tributary. All eggs were collected during high-flow events, either on the day of peak flow or 1-2 days following peak flow, supporting an earlier suggestion that high flow conditions favor grass carp spawning. The next principal goal is to identify the spawning and hatch location(s) for the Sandusky River. Predicting locations and conditions where grass carp spawning is most probable may aid targeted management efforts. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Association for Great Lakes Research.
C1 [Embke, Holly S.; Mayer, Christine M.; Qian, Song S.] Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Dept Environm Sci, 6200 Bayshore Rd, Oregon, OH 43618 USA.
[Kocovsky, Patrick M.; Pritt, Jeremy J.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Erie Biol Stn, 6100 Columbus Ave, Sandusky, OH 44857 USA.
[Richter, Catherine A.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA.
[Pritt, Jeremy J.] Ohio Dept Nat Resources, Div Wildlife, Inland Fisheries Res Unit, Hebron, OH 43025 USA.
RP Embke, HS (reprint author), Univ Toledo, Lake Erie Ctr, Dept Environm Sci, 6200 Bayshore Rd, Oregon, OH 43618 USA.
EM holly.embke@rockets.utoledo.edu
OI Richter, Catherine/0000-0001-7322-4206
NR 28
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U1 24
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 899
EP 903
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.002
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900018
ER
PT J
AU Duffy, BT
Baldigo, BP
Smith, AJ
George, SD
David, AM
AF Duffy, Brian T.
Baldigo, Barry P.
Smith, Alexander J.
George, Scott D.
David, Anthony M.
TI Assessing condition of macroinvertebrate communities and sediment
toxicity in the St. Lawrence River at Massena Area-of-Concern
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE St. Lawrence; Macroinvertebrate; Chironomus dilutus; Bioassay;
Beneficial use impairment; AOC
ID NONPARAMETRIC MULTIVARIATE ANALYSES; GREAT-LAKES AREAS;
CERIODAPHNIA-DUBIA; IMPAIRMENT; RESTORATION; EMBAYMENT; ECOLOGY;
STREAMS; SAMPLES; WATERS
AB In 1972, the USA and Canada agreed to restore the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Great Lakes ecosystem under the first Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. In subsequent amendments, part of the St. Lawrence River at Massena, New York and segments of three tributaries, were designated as an Area of Concern (AOC) due to the effects of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), lead and copper contamination, and habitat degradation and resulting impairment to several beneficial uses. Because sediments have been largely remediated, the present study was initiated to evaluate the current status of the benthic macroinvertebrate (benthos) beneficial use impairment (BUI). Benthic macroinvertebrate communities and sediment toxicity tests using Chironomus dilutus were used to test the hypotheses that community condition and sediment toxicity at AOC sites were not significantly different from those of adjacent reference sites. Grain size was found to be the main driver of community composition and macroinvertebrate assemblages, and bioassessment metrics did not differ significantly between AOC and reference sites of the same sediment class. Median growth of C dilutus and its survival in three of the four river systems did not differ significantly in sediments from AOC and reference sites. Comparable macroinvertebrate assemblages and general lack of toxicity across most AOC and reference sites suggest that the quality of sediments should not significantly impair benthic macroinvertebrate communities in most sites in the St. Lawrence River AOC. (C) 2016 International Association for Great Lakes Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Duffy, Brian T.; Smith, Alexander J.] New York State Dept Environm Conservat, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[Baldigo, Barry P.; George, Scott D.] US Geol Survey, New York Water Sci Ctr, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
[David, Anthony M.] St Regis Mohawk Tribe, Environm Div, 412 State Route 37, Akwesasne, NY 13655 USA.
RP Duffy, BT (reprint author), New York State Dept Environm Conservat, 425 Jordan Rd, Troy, NY 12180 USA.
EM brian.duffy@dec.ny.gov
FU New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; US Geological
Survey; US Environmental Protection Agency under the Great Lakes
Restoration Initiative
FX The authors extend their appreciation to James Snyder and James Costello
of the Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe at Akwesasne for field support. We also
thank the Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe for the permission to access their
lands. Sampling locations and methods used in this manuscript were
influenced by discussions with technical advisors from the Federal and
New York State Government, the Saint Regis Mohawk Tribe, the St.
Lawrence at Massena New York Area of Concern Remedial Action Program
committee, and private consulting firms involved in sediment quality and
biological assessments. This research was supported by funds from the
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, the US
Geological Survey, and the US Environmental Protection Agency under the
Great Lakes Restoration Initiative. Any use of trade, firm, or product
names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by
New York State or the U.S. Government.
NR 45
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U1 7
U2 7
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 42
IS 4
BP 910
EP 919
DI 10.1016/j.jglr.2016.05.001
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW8VP
UT WOS:000383933900020
ER
PT J
AU Nimick, DA
McGrath, D
Mahan, SA
Friesen, BA
Leidich, J
AF Nimick, David A.
McGrath, Daniel
Mahan, Shannon A.
Friesen, Beverly A.
Leidich, Jonathan
TI Latest Pleistocene and Holocene glacial events in the Colonia valley,
Northern Patagonia Icefield, southern Chile
SO JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE Colonia Glacier; cosmogenic nuclide; glacial lake outburst flood;
radiocarbon; Lago Cachet Dos
ID REGENERATIVE-DOSE PROTOCOL; COSMOGENIC NUCLIDES; LAGO ARGENTINO;
SAN-RAFAEL; CHRONOLOGY; FLUCTUATIONS; RATES; AGE; LUMINESCENCE; BE-10
AB The Northern Patagonia Icefield (NPI) is the primary glaciated terrain worldwide at its latitude (46.5-47.5 degrees S), and constraining its glacial history provides unique information for reconstructing Southern Hemisphere paleoclimate. The Colonia Glacier is the largest outlet glacier draining the eastern NPI. Ages were determined using dendrochronology, lichenometry, radiocarbon, cosmogenic Be-10 and optically stimulated luminescence. Dated moraines in the Colonia valley defined advances at 13.2 +/- 0.95, 11.0 +/- 0.47 and 4.96 +/- 0.21ka, with the last being the first constraint on the onset of Neoglaciation for the eastern NPI from a directly dated landform. Dating in the tributary Cachet valley, which contains an ice-dammed lake during periods of Colonia Glacier expansion, defined an advance at ca. 2.95 +/- 0.21ka, periods of advancement at 810 +/- 49 cal a BP and 245 +/- 13 cal a BP, and retreat during the intervening periods. Recent Colonia Glacier thinning, which began in the late 1800s, opened a lower-elevation outlet channel for Lago Cachet Dos in ca. 1960. Our data provide the most comprehensive set of Latest Pleistocene and Holocene ages for a single NPI outlet glacier and expand previously developed NPI glacial chronologies.
C1 [Nimick, David A.] US Geol Survey, 3162 Bozeman Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
[McGrath, Daniel] US Geol Survey, Anchorage, AK USA.
[McGrath, Daniel] Colorado State Univ, Geosci Dept, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Mahan, Shannon A.; Friesen, Beverly A.] US Geol Survey, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[Leidich, Jonathan] Patagonia Adventure Expedit, Cochrane, Xi Region, Chile.
RP Nimick, DA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 3162 Bozeman Ave, Helena, MT 59601 USA.
EM dnimick@usgs.gov
OI Nimick, David/0000-0002-8532-9192; Mahan, Shannon/0000-0001-5214-7774
NR 51
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 7
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0267-8179
EI 1099-1417
J9 J QUATERNARY SCI
JI J. Quat. Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 31
IS 6
BP 551
EP 564
DI 10.1002/jqs.2847
PG 14
WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Physical Geography; Geology
GA DW3CL
UT WOS:000383519600001
ER
PT J
AU Deaton, LE
Schmidt, W
Leblanc, B
Carter, J
Mueck, K
Merino, S
AF Deaton, Lewis E.
Schmidt, William
Leblanc, Brody
Carter, Jacoby
Mueck, Kristy
Merino, Sergio
TI PHYSIOLOGY OF THE INVASIVE APPLE SNAIL POMACEA MACULATA: TOLERANCE TO
LOW TEMPERATURES (vol 35, pg 207, 2016)
SO JOURNAL OF SHELLFISH RESEARCH
LA English
DT Correction
C1 [Deaton, Lewis E.; Schmidt, William; Leblanc, Brody; Mueck, Kristy] Univ Louisiana Lafayette, Dept Biol, 410 East St Mary Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70504 USA.
[Carter, Jacoby; Merino, Sergio] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Carter, J (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM carterj@usgs.gov
NR 1
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U1 9
U2 9
PU NATL SHELLFISHERIES ASSOC
PI GROTON
PA C/O DR. SANDRA E. SHUMWAY, UNIV CONNECTICUT, 1080 SHENNECOSSETT RD,
GROTON, CT 06340 USA
SN 0730-8000
EI 1943-6319
J9 J SHELLFISH RES
JI J. Shellfish Res.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 35
IS 2
BP 577
EP 577
DI 10.2983/035.035.0231
PG 1
WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA DW6YZ
UT WOS:000383798600031
ER
PT J
AU Watkins, CJ
Quist, MC
Shepard, BB
Ireland, SC
AF Watkins, Carson J.
Quist, Michael C.
Shepard, Bradley B.
Ireland, Susan C.
TI Electrofishing Effort Requirements for Estimating Species Richness in
the Kootenai River, Idaho
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE sampling; sample size; species richness; Kootenai River; electrofishing
ID SAMPLING EFFORT; FISH ASSEMBLAGES; BOATABLE RIVERS; BIODIVERSITY;
RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES; RESERVOIRS; VEGETATION; ABUNDANCE; STREAMS
AB This study was conducted on the Kootenai River, Idaho to provide insight on sampling requirements to optimize future monitoring effort associated with the response of fish assemblages to habitat rehabilitation. Our objective was to define the electrofishing effort (m) needed to have a 95% probability of sampling 50, 75, and 100% of the observed species richness and to evaluate the relative influence of depth, velocity, and instream woody cover on sample size requirements. Side-channel habitats required more sampling effort to achieve 75 and 100% of the total species richness than main-channel habitats. The sampling effort required to have a 95% probability of sampling 100% of the species richness was 1100 m for main-channel sites and 1400 m for side-channel sites. We hypothesized that the difference in sampling requirements between main-and side-channel habitats was largely due to differences in habitat characteristics and species richness between main-and side-channel habitats. In general, main-channel habitats had lower species richness than side-channel habitats. Habitat characteristics (i.e., depth, current velocity, and woody instream cover) were not related to sample size requirements. Our guidelines will improve sampling efficiency during monitoring effort in the Kootenai River and provide insight on sampling designs for other large western river systems where electrofishing is used to assess fish assemblages.
C1 [Watkins, Carson J.] Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Quist, Michael C.] Univ Idaho, US Geol Survey, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.
[Shepard, Bradley B.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Yellowstone Rockies Program, 65 9th St Isl Dr, Livingston, MT 59047 USA.
[Ireland, Susan C.] Kootenai Tribe Idaho, POB 1269, Bonners Ferry, ID 83805 USA.
[Watkins, Carson J.] Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 2885 W Kathleen Ave, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA.
RP Watkins, CJ (reprint author), Univ Idaho, Dept Fish & Wildlife Sci, Idaho Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 875 Perimeter Dr MS 1141, Moscow, ID 83844 USA.; Watkins, CJ (reprint author), Idaho Dept Fish & Game, 2885 W Kathleen Ave, Coeur Dalene, ID 83815 USA.
EM carson.watkins@idfg.idaho.gov
FU Kootenai Tribe of Idaho; Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit; University of Idaho; U.S. Geological Survey; Idaho Department of
Fish and Game; Wildlife Management Institute
FX We thank several University of Idaho technicians for assistance with
field work, especially C. Brown, K. Griffin, J. Johnson, D. Donnelly, J.
Yates, and E. Landers. We thank K. Cain, B. Dennis, T. Neebling, and
three anonymous reviewers for providing comments on an earlier version
of the manuscript. Funding for this project was provided by the Kootenai
Tribe of Idaho and the Idaho Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research
Unit. The Unit is jointly sponsored by the University of Idaho, U.S.
Geological Survey, Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and Wildlife
Management Institute. The use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the United
States Government. This project was conducted under the University of
Idaho Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee Protocol 2012-22.
NR 42
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U1 7
U2 7
PU NORTHWEST SCIENTIFIC ASSOC
PI SEATTLE
PA JEFFREY DUDA, USGS, WESTERN FISHERIES RES CTR, 6505 NE 65 ST, SEATTLE,
WA 98115 USA
SN 0029-344X
EI 2161-9859
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 90
IS 3
BP 315
EP 327
PG 13
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DW8DH
UT WOS:000383883100006
ER
PT J
AU O'Dea, A
Lessios, HA
Coates, AG
Eytan, RI
Restrepo-Moreno, SA
Cione, AL
Collins, LS
de Queiroz, A
Farris, DW
Norris, RD
Stallard, RF
Woodburne, MO
Aguilera, O
Aubry, MP
Berggren, WA
Budd, AF
Cozzuol, MA
Coppard, SE
Duque-Caro, H
Finnegan, S
Gasparini, GM
Grossman, EL
Johnson, KG
Keigwin, LD
Knowlton, N
Leigh, EG
Leonard-Pingel, JS
Marko, PB
Pyenson, ND
Rachello-Dolmen, PG
Soibelzon, E
Soibelzon, L
Todd, JA
Vermeij, GJ
Jackson, JBC
AF O'Dea, Aaron
Lessios, Harilaos A.
Coates, Anthony G.
Eytan, Ron I.
Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A.
Cione, Alberto L.
Collins, Laurel S.
de Queiroz, Alan
Farris, David W.
Norris, Richard D.
Stallard, Robert F.
Woodburne, Michael O.
Aguilera, Orangel
Aubry, Marie-Pierre
Berggren, William A.
Budd, Ann F.
Cozzuol, Mario A.
Coppard, Simon E.
Duque-Caro, Herman
Finnegan, Seth
Gasparini, German M.
Grossman, Ethan L.
Johnson, Kenneth G.
Keigwin, Lloyd D.
Knowlton, Nancy
Leigh, Egbert G.
Leonard-Pingel, Jill S.
Marko, Peter B.
Pyenson, Nicholas D.
Rachello-Dolmen, Paola G.
Soibelzon, Esteban
Soibelzon, Leopoldo
Todd, Jonathan A.
Vermeij, Geerat J.
Jackson, Jeremy B. C.
TI Formation of the Isthmus of Panama
SO SCIENCE ADVANCES
LA English
DT Review
ID CENTRAL-AMERICAN SEAWAY; TROPICAL EASTERN PACIFIC; NORTHERN-HEMISPHERE
GLACIATION; MARINE SPECIES FLOCK; BOCAS-DEL-TORO; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY;
EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; SOUTH-AMERICA; NEW-WORLD
AB The formation of the Isthmus of Panama stands as one of the greatest natural events of the Cenozoic, driving profound biotic transformations on land and in the oceans. Some recent studies suggest that the Isthmus formed many millions of years earlier than the widely recognized age of approximately 3 million years ago (Ma), a result that if true would revolutionize our understanding of environmental, ecological, and evolutionary change across the Americas. To bring clarity to the question of when the Isthmus of Panama formed, we provide an exhaustive review and reanalysis of geological, paleontological, and molecular records. These independent lines of evidence converge upon a cohesive narrative of gradually emerging land and constricting seaways, with formation of the Isthmus of Panama sensu stricto around 2.8 Ma. The evidence used to support an older isthmus is inconclusive, and we caution against the uncritical acceptance of an isthmus before the Pliocene.
C1 [O'Dea, Aaron; Lessios, Harilaos A.; Coates, Anthony G.; Collins, Laurel S.; de Queiroz, Alan; Stallard, Robert F.; Leigh, Egbert G.; Rachello-Dolmen, Paola G.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
[Eytan, Ron I.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Marine Biol, Galveston, TX 77553 USA.
[Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Dept Geociencias & Medio Ambiente, Bogota, Colombia.
[Restrepo-Moreno, Sergio A.] Univ Florida, Dept Geol Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Cione, Alberto L.; Gasparini, German M.; Soibelzon, Esteban; Soibelzon, Leopoldo] Museo La Plata, Div Paleontol Vertebrados, B1900FWA, La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
[Collins, Laurel S.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[Collins, Laurel S.] Florida Int Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Miami, FL 33199 USA.
[de Queiroz, Alan] Univ Nevada, Dept Biol, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Farris, David W.] Florida State Univ, Dept Earth Ocean & Atmospher Sci, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA.
[Norris, Richard D.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Scripps Inst Oceanog, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA.
[Stallard, Robert F.] US Geol Survey, 3215 Marine St Suite E127, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
[Woodburne, Michael O.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Geol Sci, Riverside, CA 92507 USA.
[Aguilera, Orangel] Univ Fed Fluminense, Inst Biol, Campus Valonguinho,Outeiro Sao Joao Batista,S-N, BR-24020141 Niteroi, RJ, Brazil.
[Aubry, Marie-Pierre; Berggren, William A.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 610 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA.
[Budd, Ann F.] Univ Iowa, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
[Cozzuol, Mario A.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Biol Geral, Lab Paleozool, Ave Antonio Carlos,6627, BR-31270010 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
[Coppard, Simon E.] Hamilton Coll, Dept Biol, 198 Coll Hill Rd, Clinton, NY 13323 USA.
[Duque-Caro, Herman] Acad Colombiana Ciencias Exactas Fis & Nat, Bogota, Colombia.
[Finnegan, Seth] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Integrat Biol, 3040 Valley Life Sci Bldg 3140, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Grossman, Ethan L.; Rachello-Dolmen, Paola G.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Johnson, Kenneth G.; Todd, Jonathan A.] Nat Hist Museum, Dept Earth Sci, London SW7 5BD, England.
[Keigwin, Lloyd D.] Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
[Knowlton, Nancy] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Invertebrate Zool, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Leonard-Pingel, Jill S.] Washington & Lee Univ, Dept Geol, 204 West Washington St, Lexington, VA 24450 USA.
[Marko, Peter B.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Dept Biol, 2538 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA.
[Pyenson, Nicholas D.; Jackson, Jeremy B. C.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Dept Paleobiol, Washington, DC 20013 USA.
[Vermeij, Geerat J.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP O'Dea, A (reprint author), Smithsonian Trop Res Inst, Box 0843-03092, Balboa, Panama.
EM odeaa@si.edu
RI Stallard, Robert/H-2649-2013
OI Stallard, Robert/0000-0001-8209-7608
NR 225
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 13
U2 13
PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 2375-2548
J9 SCI ADV
JI Sci. Adv.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 2
IS 8
AR e1600883
DI 10.1126/sciadv.1600883
PG 11
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA DW6CP
UT WOS:000383734300039
ER
PT J
AU Sexson, MG
Petersen, MR
Breed, GA
Powell, AN
AF Sexson, Matthew G.
Petersen, Margaret R.
Breed, Greg A.
Powell, Abby N.
TI Shifts in the distribution of molting Spectacled Eiders (Somateria
fischeri) indicate ecosystem change in the Arctic
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE Indigirka-Kolyma; Ledyard Bay; Mechigmenskiy Gulf; molting; Norton
Sound; postbreeding distribution; Somateria fischeri; Spectacled Eider
ID NORTHERN BERING-SEA; NORTHEASTERN CHUKCHI SEA; WINTERING COMMON EIDERS;
PACK ICE; PERCUTANEOUS ANTENNAE; RADIO TRANSMITTERS; PROTECTED AREAS;
NORTON SOUND; KING EIDERS; WING MOLT
AB Shifts in the distribution of benthivorous predators provide an indication of underlying environmental changes in benthic-mediated ecosystems. Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri) are benthivorous sea ducks that spend the nonbreeding portion of their annual cycle in the Bering, Chukchi, Beaufort, and East Siberian seas. Sea ducks generally molt in biologically productive areas with abundant prey. If the distribution of eiders at molting areas matches prey abundance, spatial shifts may indicate changes in environmental conditions in the Arctic. We used a randomization procedure to test for shifts in the distribution of satellite telemetry locations received from Spectacled Eiders in the 1990s and 2008-2011 within 4 late-summer, ice-free molting areas: Indigirka-Kolyma, northern Russia; Ledyard Bay, eastern Chukchi Sea; Norton Sound, northeastern Bering Sea; and Mechigmenskiy Gulf, northwestern Bering Sea. We also tested for interannual and interdecadal changes in dive depth required to reach prey, which might affect the energetic costs of foraging during the molting period. Transmitter-marked birds used each molting area in each year, although the distribution of Spectacled Eiders shifted within each area. Interdecadal shifts in Ledyard Bay and Norton Sound decreased dive depth in recent years, although minor differences in depth were biologically negligible in relation to the energetic expense of feather growth. Shifts in Mechigmenskiy Gulf and Indigirka-Kolyma did not occur consistently within or among decades, which suggests greater interannual variability among environmental factors that influence distribution in these areas. Shifts in each molting area suggest dynamic ecosystem processes, with implications for Spectacled Eiders if changes result in novel competition or predation, or in shifting prey regimes.
C1 [Sexson, Matthew G.; Petersen, Margaret R.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
[Sexson, Matthew G.; Breed, Greg A.; Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Breed, Greg A.; Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Sexson, MG (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.; Sexson, MG (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM msexson@usgs.gov
FU U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management; U.S. Bureau of Land Management;
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
North Pacific Research Board
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, U.S.
Bureau of Land Management, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation,
the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the North Pacific Research
Board. Logistical support was provided by ConocoPhillips-Alaska, Inc.
In-kind support was provided by the Columbus Zoo and Aquarium, the
Mesker Park Zoo and Botanic Garden, and the Point Defiance Zoo and
Aquarium. None of the agencies that provided funding or support
influenced the content of the manuscript or required approval of the
final manuscript to be published.
NR 70
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U2 9
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 463
EP 476
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-139.1
PG 14
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000002
ER
PT J
AU Latty, CJ
Hollmen, TE
Petersen, MR
Powell, AN
Andrews, RD
AF Latty, Christopher J.
Hollmen, Tuula E.
Petersen, Margaret R.
Powell, Abby N.
Andrews, Russel D.
TI Biochemical and clinical responses of Common Eiders to implanted
satellite transmitters
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE biomarker; platform transmitter terminal; radio telemetry; sea duck;
Somateria mollissima; transmitter effect
ID FEMALE BARROWS GOLDENEYES; COLUMBA-LIVIA-DOMESTICA; RADIO-TRANSMITTERS;
SELENIUM CONCENTRATIONS; PERCUTANEOUS ANTENNAS; SOMATERIA-MOLLISSIMA;
HARLEQUIN DUCKS; ENERGETIC COST; MOURNING DOVES; BODY CONDITION
AB Implanted biologging devices, such as satellite-linked platform transmitter terminals (PTTs), have been used widely to delineate populations and identify movement patterns of sea ducks. Although in some cases these ecological studies could reveal transmitter effects on behavior and mortality, experiments conducted under controlled conditions can provide valuable information to understand the influence of implanted tags on health and physiology. We report the clinical, mass, biochemical, and histological responses of captive Common Eiders (Somateria mollissima) implanted with PTTs with percutaneous antennas. We trained 6 individuals to dive 4.9 m for their food, allowed them to acclimate to this dive depth, and implanted them with PTTs. We collected data before surgery to establish baselines, and for 3.5 mo after surgery. The first feeding dive took place 22 hr after surgery, with 5 of 6 birds diving to the bottom within 35 hr of surgery. Plumage waterproofing around surgical sites was reduced <= 21 days after surgery. Mass; albumin; albumin: globulin ratio; aspartate aminotransferase; beta(1)-, beta(2)-, and gamma-globulins; creatine kinase; fecal glucocorticoid metabolites; heterophil: lymphocyte ratio; and packed cell volume changed from baseline on one or more of the postsurgery sampling dates, and some changes were still evident 3.5 mo after surgery. Our findings show that Common Eiders physiologically responded for up to 3.5 mo after surgical implantation of a PTT, with the greatest response occurring within the first few weeks of implantation. These responses support the need for postsurgery censor periods for satellite telemetry data and should be considered when designing studies and analyzing information from PTTs in sea ducks.
C1 [Latty, Christopher J.; Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Hollmen, Tuula E.; Andrews, Russel D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Alaska SeaLife Ctr, Seward, AK USA.
[Hollmen, Tuula E.; Andrews, Russel D.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Seward, AK USA.
[Petersen, Margaret R.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, US Geol Survey, Alaska Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Latty, Christopher J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arctic Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Powell, Abby N.] Univ Florida, US Geol Survey, Florida Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Gainesville, FL USA.
RP Latty, CJ (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Latty, CJ (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arctic Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
EM christopher_latty@fws.gov
FU ASLC; U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center; Alaska Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; USFWS
FX This study would not have been possible without the financial and
in-kind support of the ASLC, U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science
Center and Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, and
USFWS.
NR 81
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 489
EP 501
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-16-7.1
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000004
ER
PT J
AU Gorzo, JM
Pidgeon, AM
Thogmartin, WE
Allstadt, AJ
Radeloff, VC
Heglund, PJ
Vavrus, SJ
AF Gorzo, Jessica M.
Pidgeon, Anna M.
Thogmartin, Wayne E.
Allstadt, Andrew J.
Radeloff, Volker C.
Heglund, Patricia J.
Vavrus, Stephen J.
TI Using the North American Breeding Bird Survey to assess broad-scale
response of the continent's most imperiled avian community, grassland
birds, to weather variability
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE drought; Bayesian; climate; weather; breeding; STI; SPI; INLA
ID DROUGHT SEVERITY INDEX; UNITED-STATES; BAIRDS SPARROW; GREAT-PLAINS;
PRECIPITATION; CLIMATE; PRODUCTIVITY; PROJECTIONS; POPULATION;
VEGETATION
AB Avian populations can respond dramatically to extreme weather such as droughts and heat waves, yet patterns of response to weather at broad scales remain largely unknown. Our goal was to evaluate annual variation in abundance of 14 grassland bird species breeding in the northern mixed-grass prairie in relation to annual variation in precipitation and temperature. We modeled avian abundance during the breeding season using North American Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data for the U.S. Badlands and Prairies Bird Conservation Region (BCR 17) from 1980 to 2012. We used hierarchical Bayesian methods to fit models and estimate the candidate weather parameters standardized precipitation index (SPI) and standardized temperature index (STI) for the same year and the previous year. Upland Sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda) responded positively to within-year STI (beta = 0.101), and Baird's Sparrow (Ammodramus bairdii) responded negatively to within-year STI (beta = -0.161) and positively to within-year SPI (beta = 0.195). The parameter estimates were superficially similar (STI beta = -0.075, SPI beta = 0.11) for Grasshopper Sparrow (Ammodramus savannarum), but the best-selected model included an interaction between SPI and STI. The best model for both Eastern Kingbird (Tyrannus tyrannus) and Vesper Sparrow (Pooecetes gramineus) included the additive effects of within-year SPI (beta = -0.032 and beta = -0.054, respectively) and the previous-year's SPI (beta = -0.057 and -0.02, respectively), although for Vesper Sparrow the lag effect was insignificant. With projected warmer, drier weather during summer in the Badlands and Prairies BCR, Baird's and Grasshopper sparrows may be especially threatened by future climate change.
C1 [Gorzo, Jessica M.; Pidgeon, Anna M.; Allstadt, Andrew J.; Radeloff, Volker C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Thogmartin, Wayne E.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Heglund, Patricia J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, La Crosse, WI USA.
[Vavrus, Stephen J.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Climat Res, Dept Atmospher Sci, Madison, WI USA.
RP Gorzo, JM (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Forest & Wildlife Ecol, SILVIS Lab, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
EM gorzo@wisc.edu
RI Thogmartin, Wayne/A-4461-2008
OI Thogmartin, Wayne/0000-0002-2384-4279
FU NASA Biodiversity Program; Climate and Biological Response
[NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM]
FX We gratefully acknowledge support by the NASA Biodiversity Program and
the Climate and Biological Response funding opportunity
(NNH10ZDA001N-BIOCLIM). Any use of trade, product, or firm names are for
descriptive purposes only and do not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. P.J.H. is the principal investigator (P.I.) of this grant,
and A.M.P., W.E.T., S.J.V., and V.C.R. are co-P.I.s. J.M.G. is currently
a Ph.D. candidate, and A.J.A. is currently a post-doctoral research
associate, both funded by this grant.
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 502
EP 512
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-180.1
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000005
ER
PT J
AU Gorresen, PM
Brinck, KW
Camp, RJ
Farmer, C
Plentovich, SM
Banko, PC
AF Gorresen, P. Marcos
Brinck, Kevin W.
Camp, Richard J.
Farmer, Chris
Plentovich, Sheldon M.
Banko, Paul C.
TI State-space modeling of population sizes and trends in Nihoa Finch and
Millerbird
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE abundance; Bayesian modeling; legacy survey counts; Nihoa Island;
single-island endemic; state-space model
ID HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS; HABITAT USE; VARIABILITY
AB Both of the 2 passerines endemic to Nihoa Island, Hawai'i, USA-the Nihoa Millerbird (Acrocephalus familiaris kingi) and Nihoa Finch (Telespiza ultima)-are listed as endangered by federal and state agencies. Their abundances have been estimated by irregularly implemented fixed-width strip-transect sampling from 1967 to 2012, from which area-based extrapolation of the raw counts produced highly variable abundance estimates for both species. To evaluate an alternative survey method and improve abundance estimates, we conducted variable-distance point-transect sampling between 2010 and 2014. We compared our results to those obtained from strip-transect samples. In addition, we applied state-space models to derive improved estimates of population size and trends from the legacy time series of strip-transect counts. Both species were fairly evenly distributed across Nihoa and occurred in all or nearly all available habitat. Population trends for Nihoa Millerbird were inconclusive because of high within-year variance. Trends for Nihoa Finch were positive, particularly since the early 1990s. Distance-based analysis of point-transect counts produced mean estimates of abundance similar to those from strip-transects but was generally more precise. However, both survey methods produced biologically unrealistic variability between years. State-space modeling of the long-term time series of abundances obtained from strip-transect counts effectively reduced uncertainty in both within-and between-year estimates of population size, and allowed short-term changes in abundance trajectories to be smoothed into a long-term trend.
C1 [Gorresen, P. Marcos; Brinck, Kevin W.; Camp, Richard J.] Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
[Farmer, Chris] Amer Bird Conservancy, Kilauea Field Stn, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
[Plentovich, Sheldon M.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Isl Coastal Program, Honolulu, HI USA.
[Banko, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, Pacific Isl Ecosyst Res Ctr, Hawaii Natl Pk, HI USA.
RP Gorresen, PM (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, Hawaii Cooperat Studies Unit, Hilo, HI 96720 USA.
EM mgorresen@usgs.gov
OI Camp, Richard/0000-0001-7008-923X
FU U.S. Geological Survey (USGS); U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS)
through project of the Science Support Partnership (SSP) [11-R1-01];
USFWS Pacific Island Coastal Program; National Fish and Wildlife
Foundation; American Bird Conservancy
FX Funding statement: The study was funded jointly by the U.S. Geological
Survey (USGS) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) through
project 11-R1-01 of the Science Support Partnership (SSP), with
additional support provided by the USFWS Pacific Island Coastal Program,
National Fish and Wildlife Foundation, and American Bird Conservancy.
Only the USGS required approval of the manuscript before submission or
publication.
NR 47
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U1 1
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PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 542
EP 557
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-214.1
PG 16
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000008
ER
PT J
AU Roche, EA
Shaffer, TL
Dovichin, CM
Sherfy, MH
Anteau, MJ
Wiltermuth, MT
AF Roche, Erin A.
Shaffer, Terry L.
Dovichin, Colin M.
Sherfy, Mark H.
Anteau, Michael J.
Wiltermuth, Mark T.
TI Synchrony of Piping Plover breeding populations in the US Northern Great
Plains
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE synchrony; abundance; Piping Plover; shorebird; Great Plains
ID MIGRATING SHOREBIRDS; NEST SURVIVAL; HABITAT USE; DYNAMICS; DISPERSAL;
PRAIRIE; METAPOPULATION; CONSERVATION; WETLANDS; DISTRIBUTIONS
AB Local populations that fluctuate synchronously are at a greater risk of extinction than those that do not. The closer the geographic proximity of populations, the more prone they are to synchronizing. Shorebird species select habitat broadly, and many breed across regions with diverse nesting habitat types. Under these conditions, nearby populations may experience conditions sufficiently different to prevent population synchrony, despite dispersal. In the U.S. Northern Great Plains, the Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus), federally listed as Threatened, is a migratory shorebird species that nests on the shorelines of rivers, reservoirs, and alkaline lakes. We assessed the degree to which local plover breeding population abundances were correlated (population synchrony), changed over time (population stability), and were influenced by environmental factors such as available habitat, precipitation, and within-season reservoir level rise. We found that the abundances of breeding populations nesting in riverine and reservoir habitats were the most synchronous, while populations nesting in alkaline lake habitats exhibited the greatest stability. Changes in local breeding population abundances were not explained by a single factor across habitat types. However, the abundances of local populations nesting in alkaline lake and river shoreline habitats were positively correlated with changes in nesting habitat availability. Our results suggest that dispersal among populations nesting in either river or reservoir and alkaline lake shoreline habitat may have an overall stabilizing effect on the persistence of the Great Plains Piping Plover metapopulation.
C1 [Roche, Erin A.; Shaffer, Terry L.; Dovichin, Colin M.; Sherfy, Mark H.; Anteau, Michael J.; Wiltermuth, Mark T.] US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
RP Roche, EA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, Jamestown, ND 58401 USA.
EM eroche@usgs.gov
OI Wiltermuth, Mark/0000-0002-8871-2816
FU Lostwood Complex of the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers' Missouri River Recovery Program from the Corps' Omaha
District Threatened and Endangered Species Section; Garrison Project
Office
FX This study was funded by the Lostwood Complex of the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Missouri River
Recovery Program through financial and logistical support from the
Corps' Omaha District Threatened and Endangered Species Section and
Garrison Project Office. None of the funders had any input into the
content of the manuscript, nor required approval of the manuscript prior
to submission or publication.
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U1 5
U2 5
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 558
EP 570
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-195.1
PG 13
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000009
ER
PT J
AU Perkins, M
Ferguson, L
Lanctot, RB
Stenhouse, IJ
Kendall, S
Brown, S
Gates, HR
Hall, JO
Regan, K
Evers, DC
AF Perkins, Marie
Ferguson, Lisa
Lanctot, Richard B.
Stenhouse, Iain J.
Kendall, Steve
Brown, Stephen
Gates, H. River
Hall, Jeffery O.
Regan, Kevin
Evers, David C.
TI Mercury exposure and risk in breeding and staging Alaskan shorebirds
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Article
DE mercury; shorebirds; Arctic; Alaska; blood; feathers
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; NORTH-AMERICA; COMMON LOONS; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS;
SEASONAL-VARIATION; INCLUDING MERCURY; ARCTIC SHOREBIRDS;
CALIDRIS-ALPINA; 17 ELEMENTS; METHYLMERCURY
AB Mercury contamination has become a major concern in the Arctic, where elevated mercury deposition has led to large increases in mercury exposure for some Arctic wildlife over the past century. Chronic mercury exposure in birds is known to reduce reproductive success, which may ultimately result in population declines. Many species of Arctic-breeding shorebirds are declining, and exposure to environmental contaminants, such as mercury, may be an important factor. We quantified mercury exposure in 10 shorebird species breeding and staging in Alaska. We analyzed 229 blood and 73 feather samples collected in 2008-2009 for total mercury concentrations. Mercury in blood represents local exposure, whereas mercury in feathers reflects exposure during feather development. Concentrations of mercury ranged from 0.03 to 2.20 mu g g(-1) in shorebird blood and from 0.16 to 3.66 mu g g(-1) in shorebird feathers. Most shorebirds sampled during staging had relatively low blood mercury, but some breeding species had sufficiently high concentrations for potential adverse effects. Overall, blood mercury concentrations of breeding shorebirds differed by moisture content of their predominant foraging habitat, with the highest concentrations found in species using wet to aquatic habitats. We also found variation in mercury concentrations by age class and sex for some species, with females showing lower concentrations than males, but we found no relationship between the amount of mercury in feathers and in blood. The degree of mercury exposure seen in Arctic-breeding shorebirds may be of particular concern when combined with other ecological stressors, such as habitat loss, predation, disturbance, and climate change.
C1 [Perkins, Marie; Ferguson, Lisa; Stenhouse, Iain J.; Regan, Kevin; Evers, David C.] Biodivers Res Inst, Portland, ME 04103 USA.
[Lanctot, Richard B.; Gates, H. River] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Migratory Bird Management Div, Anchorage, AK USA.
[Kendall, Steve] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arctic Natl Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Brown, Stephen] Manomet Inc, Saxtons River, VT USA.
[Hall, Jeffery O.] Utah State Vet Diagnost Lab, Logan, UT USA.
[Perkins, Marie] McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada.
[Ferguson, Lisa] Wetlands Inst, Stone Harbor, NJ USA.
[Kendall, Steve] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hakalau Forest Natl Wildlife Refuge, Hilo, HI USA.
RP Perkins, M (reprint author), Biodivers Res Inst, Portland, ME 04103 USA.; Perkins, M (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Ste Anne De Bellevue, PQ, Canada.
EM mariemperkins@gmail.com
FU Biodiversity Research Institute; Manomet Center for Conservation
Sciences; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX Funding for the collection of shorebird samples and mercury analysis was
provided by the Biodiversity Research Institute, Manomet Center for
Conservation Sciences, and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
Individuals from each of the funding organizations are authors on the
manuscript, but none of the funders had influence on the content of the
manuscript or required approval of the final manuscript. The conclusions
in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily
represent the views of the U.S. government.
NR 56
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 7
U2 7
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 571
EP 582
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-16-36.1
PG 12
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000010
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, DH
AF Johnson, Douglas H.
TI Comment on "No evidence of displacement due to wind turbines in breeding
grassland songbirds''
SO CONDOR
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE behavior; grassland birds; statistical analysis; wind energy development
AB A recent article published in The Condor: Ornithological Applications by Hale et al. (2014) is entitled, "No evidence of displacement due to wind turbines in breeding grassland songbirds.'' The conclusion stated in that title, unfortunately, is based on inappropriate statistical analysis of data collected by the authors. In fact, their data provide evidence of potential displacement by wind turbines in 2 of the 3 species considered.
C1 [Johnson, Douglas H.] Univ Minnesota, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Johnson, DH (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Northern Prairie Wildlife Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
EM douglas_h_johnson@usgs.gov
NR 4
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 9
U2 9
PU COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0010-5422
EI 1938-5129
J9 CONDOR
JI Condor
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 118
IS 3
BP 674
EP 675
DI 10.1650/CONDOR-15-84.1
PG 2
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA DV7BN
UT WOS:000383091000017
ER
PT J
AU Yang, Z
Dominguez, F
Gupta, H
Zeng, XB
Norman, L
AF Yang, Zhao
Dominguez, Francina
Gupta, Hoshin
Zeng, Xubin
Norman, Laura
TI Urban Effects on Regional Climate: A Case Study in the Phoenix and
Tucson "Sun Corridor''
SO EARTH INTERACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE Models and modeling; Coupled models; Land surface model; Mesoscale
models; Regional models
ID HEAT-ISLAND; ST-LOUIS; PRECIPITATION; ARIZONA; MODEL; VARIABILITY;
SENSITIVITY; PATTERNS; RAINFALL; IMPACTS
AB Land-use and land-cover change (LULCC) due to urban expansion alter the surface albedo, heat capacity, and thermal conductivity of the surface. Consequently, the energy balance in urban regions is different from that of natural surfaces. To evaluate the changes in regional climate that could arise because of projected urbanization in the Phoenix-Tucson corridor, Arizona, this study applied the coupled WRF Model-Noah-Urban Canopy Model (UCM; which includes a detailed urban radiation scheme) to this region. Land-cover changes were represented using land-cover data for 2005 and projections to 2050, and historical North American Regional Reanalysis (NARR) data were used to specify the lateral boundary conditions. Results suggest that temperature changes will be well defined, reflecting the urban heat island (UHI) effect within areas experiencing LULCC. Changes in precipitation are less robust but seem to indicate reductions in precipitation over the mountainous regions northeast of Phoenix and decreased evening precipitation over the newly urbanized area.
C1 [Yang, Zhao; Zeng, Xubin] Univ Arizona, Dept Atmospher Sci, Tucson, AZ USA.
[Dominguez, Francina] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 101 Atmospher Sci Bldg,105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Gupta, Hoshin] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Norman, Laura] US Geol Survey, Western Geog Sci Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA.
RP Dominguez, F (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, 101 Atmospher Sci Bldg,105 S Gregory St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
EM francina@illinois.edu
RI Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010;
OI Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839; Zeng, Xubin/0000-0001-7352-2764
FU EU [294947]
FX This work was supported by the EU-funded project "Sustainable Water
Action (SWAN): Building Research Links Between EU and US''
(INCO-20011-7.6 Grant Number 294947). We thank APS, TEP, and SRP for
providing electric load data.
NR 50
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 10
U2 10
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 1087-3562
J9 EARTH INTERACT
JI Earth Interact.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 20
AR 20
DI 10.1175/EI-D-15-0027.1
PG 25
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DV8GV
UT WOS:000383176400001
ER
PT J
AU Celebi, M
Ulusoy, HS
Nakata, N
AF Celebi, Mehmet
Ulusoy, Hasan S.
Nakata, Nori
TI Responses of a Tall Building in Los Angeles, California, as Inferred
from Local and Distant Earthquakes
SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEM-IDENTIFICATION; SEISMIC INTERFEROMETRY; REFLECTION; ALGORITHMS;
ANCHORAGE; MOTION; ALASKA
AB The increasing inventory of tall buildings in the United States and elsewhere may be subjected to motions generated by near and far seismic sources that cause long-period effects. Multiple sets of records that exhibited such effects were retrieved from tall buildings in Tokyo and Osaka,350 km and 770 km, respectively, from the epicenter of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake. In California, very few tall buildings have been instrumented. An instrumented 52-story building in downtown Los Angeles recorded seven local and distant earthquakes. Spectral and system identification methods exhibit significant low frequencies of interest (similar to 0.17 Hz, 0.56 Hz, and 1.05 Hz). These frequencies compare well with those computed by transfer functions; however, small variations are observed between the significant low frequencies for each of the seven earthquakes. The torsional and translational frequencies are very close and are coupled. Beating effect is observed in at least two of the seven earthquake data.
C1 [Celebi, Mehmet] USGS, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Nakata, Nori] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Celebi, M (reprint author), USGS, Earthquake Sci Ctr, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
NR 35
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U1 2
U2 2
PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INST
PI OAKLAND
PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA
SN 8755-2930
EI 1944-8201
J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA
JI Earthq. Spectra
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 32
IS 3
BP 1821
EP 1843
DI 10.1193/05051EQS065M
PG 23
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological
SC Engineering
GA DU4KA
UT WOS:000382180300025
ER
PT J
AU Middleton, BA
AF Middleton, Beth A.
TI Effects of salinity and flooding on post-hurricane regeneration
potential in coastal wetland vegetation
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; Delmarva Peninsula; fresh marsh; Hurricane Sandy;
Juniperus communis; maritime forest; Phragmites australis; Poaceae;
salt-marsh; Spartina alterniflora; Taxodium distichum
ID TAXODIUM-DISTICHUM SWAMPS; FRESH-WATER MARSHES; RISING SEA-LEVEL; SEED
BANKS; FOREST STRUCTURE; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS; ELEVATIONAL GRADIENT;
TIDAL MARSHES; SALT-MARSH; GULF-COAST
AB REMISE OF THE STUDY: The nature of regeneration dynamics after hurricane flooding and salinity intrusion may play an important role in shaping coastal vegetation patterns.
METHODS: The regeneration potentials of coastal species, types and gradients (wetland types from seaward to landward) were studied on the Delmarva Peninsula after Hurricane Sandy using seed bank assays to examine responses to various water regimes (unflooded and flooded to 8 cm) and salinity levels (0, 1, and 5 ppt). Seed bank responses to treatments were compared using a generalized linear models approach. Species relationships to treatment and geographical variables were explored using nonmetric multidimensional scaling.
KEY RESULTS: Flooding and salinity treatments affected species richness even at low salinity levels (1 and 5 ppt). Maritime forest was especially intolerant of salinity intrusion so that species richness was much higher in unflooded and low salinity conditions, despite the proximity of maritime forest to saltmarsh along the coastal gradient. Other vegetation types were also affected, with potential regeneration of these species affected in various ways by flooding and salinity, suggesting relationships to post-hurricane environment and geographic position.
CONCLUSIONS: Seed germination and subsequent seedling growth in coastal wetlands may in some cases be affected by salinity intrusion events even at low salinity levels (1 and 5 ppt). These results indicate that the potential is great for hurricanes to shift vegetation type in sensitive wetland types (e.g., maritime forest) if post-hurricane environments do not support the regeneration of extent vegetation.
C1 [Middleton, Beth A.] US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
RP Middleton, BA (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Wetland & Aquat Res Ctr, 700 Cajundome Blvd, Lafayette, LA 70506 USA.
EM middletonb@usgs.gov
FU U. S. Geological Survey, GS2-5A, "Evaluating ecosystem resilience:
assessing wetland ecosystem functions and processes in response to
Hurricane Sandy impacts. Task 1. Hurricane Sandy Mitigation, Round 2"
FX Thanks to Mike Schofield and William Koth of the Maryland and Delaware
Department of Natural Resources, respectively, for logistical support.
This study was funded by the U. S. Geological Survey, GS2-5A,
"Evaluating ecosystem resilience: assessing wetland ecosystem functions
and processes in response to Hurricane Sandy impacts. Task 1. Hurricane
Sandy Mitigation, Round 2". Darren Johnson gave statistical advice,
Evelyn Anemaet field and greenhouse support, and Elijah Ramsey and
anonymous reviewers gave comments on earlier versions of the manuscript.
Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Government.
NR 70
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U1 34
U2 34
PU BOTANICAL SOC AMER INC
PI ST LOUIS
PA PO BOX 299, ST LOUIS, MO 63166-0299 USA
SN 0002-9122
EI 1537-2197
J9 AM J BOT
JI Am. J. Bot.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 103
IS 8
BP 1420
EP 1435
DI 10.3732/ajb.1600062
PG 16
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA DU4FI
UT WOS:000382167600005
PM 27539261
ER
PT J
AU Manies, KL
Harden, J
Fuller, CC
Turetsky, MR
AF Manies, Kristen L.
Harden, JenniferW.
Fuller, Christopher C.
Turetsky, Merritt R.
TI Decadal and long-term boreal soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration
rates across a variety of ecosystems
SO BIOGEOSCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
ID BLACK SPRUCE FOREST; INTERIOR ALASKA; PEAT ACCUMULATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
DIOXIDE EXCHANGE; ORGANIC-MATTER; ARCTIC REGIONS; PERMAFROST;
DECOMPOSITION; PEATLANDS
AB Boreal soils play a critical role in the global carbon (C) cycle; therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms that control soil C accumulation and loss for this region. Examining C & nitrogen (N) accumulation rates over decades to centuries may provide additional understanding of the dominant mechanisms for their storage, which can be masked by seasonal and interannual variability when investigated over the short term. We examined longer-term accumulation rates, using Pb-210 and C-14 to date soil layers, for a wide variety of boreal ecosystems: a black spruce forest, a shrub ecosystem, a tussock grass ecosystem, a sedge-dominated ecosystem, and a rich fen. All ecosystems had similar decadal C accumulation rates, averaging 84 +/- 42 gCm(-2) yr(-1). Long-term (century) C accumulation rates were slower than decadal rates, averaging 14 +/- 5 gCm(-2) yr(-1) for all ecosystems except the rich fen, for which the long-term C accumulation rates was more similar to decadal rates (44 +/- 5 and 76 +/- 9 gCm(-2) yr(-1), respectively). The rich fen also had the highest long-term N accumulation rates (2.7 gNm(-2) yr(-1)). The lowest N accumulation rate, on both a decadal and long-term basis, was found in the black spruce forest (0.2 and 1.4 gNm(-2) yr(-1), respectively). Our results suggest that the controls on long-term C and N cycling at the rich fen is fundamentally different from the other ecosystems, likely due to differences in the predominant drivers of nutrient cycling (oxygen availability, for C) and reduced amounts of disturbance by fire (for C and N). This result implies that most shifts in ecosystem vegetation across the boreal region, driven by either climate or succession, will not significantly impact regional C or N dynamics over years to decades. However, ecosystem transitions to or from a rich fen will promote significant shifts in soil C and N storage.
C1 [Manies, Kristen L.; Harden, JenniferW.; Fuller, Christopher C.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Turetsky, Merritt R.] Univ Guelph, Dept Integrat Biol, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Manies, KL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM kmanies@usgs.gov
OI Fuller, Christopher/0000-0002-2354-8074
FU US Geological Survey Climate Research and Development program; National
Science Foundation [DEB-0425328]; NSF [DEB-0620579]; USDA Forest Service
Pacific Northwest Research Program [PNW01-JV11261952-231]
FX We thank the Bonanza Creek Long-term Ecological Research program for
granting us access to these research sites. Their personnel, especially
Jamie Hollingsworth, have been instrumental in providing support for
this research. Thank you to Lee Pruett, Renata Mendieta, and Pedro
Rodriguez for assisting with core collection, sample processing, or
analyzing samples. We also thank Claire Treat, M. Braakhekke, F. S.
Chapin, and two anonymous reviewers for providing helpful comments on an
earlier version of this manuscript. Funding for this work was provided
by the US Geological Survey Climate Research and Development program and
the National Science Foundation (DEB-0425328). The Bonanza Creek
Long-term Ecological Research program is funded jointly by NSF
(DEB-0620579) and the USDA Forest Service Pacific Northwest Research
Program (PNW01-JV11261952-231).
NR 86
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U1 27
U2 27
PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH
PI GOTTINGEN
PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY
SN 1726-4170
EI 1726-4189
J9 BIOGEOSCIENCES
JI Biogeosciences
PD AUG 1
PY 2016
VL 13
IS 15
BP 4315
EP 4327
DI 10.5194/bg-13-4315-2016
PG 13
WC Ecology; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA DV3MW
UT WOS:000382827700001
ER
PT J
AU Inman, RD
Esque, TC
Nussear, KE
Leitner, P
Matocq, MD
Weisberg, PJ
Dilts, TE
AF Inman, Richard D.
Esque, Todd C.
Nussear, Kenneth E.
Leitner, Philip
Matocq, Marjorie D.
Weisberg, Peter J.
Dilts, Thomas E.
TI Impacts of climate change and renewable energy development on habitat of
an endemic squirrel, Xerospermophilus mohavensis, in the Mojave Desert,
USA
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Xerospermophilus mohavensis; Mojave ground squirrel; Climate change;
Dispersal; Renewable energy; Species distribution modeling
ID LAND-COVER CHANGE; SPECIES DISTRIBUTIONS; GROUND-SQUIRRELS;
UNITED-STATES; SPERMOPHILUS-MOHAVENSIS; CONSERVATION; MODELS;
BIODIVERSITY; PROJECTIONS; COMMUNITIES
AB Predicting changes in species distributions under a changing climate is becoming widespread with the use of species distribution models (SDMs). The resulting predictions of future potential habitat can be cast in light of planned land use changes, such as urban expansion and energy development to identify areas with potential conflict. However, SDMs rarely incorporate an understanding of dispersal capacity, and therefore assume unlimited dispersal in potential range shifts under uncertain climate futures. We use SDMs to predict future distributions of the Mojave ground squirrel, Xerospermophilus mohavensis Merriam, and incorporate partial dispersal models informed by field data on juvenile dispersal to assess projected impact of climate change and energy development on future distributions of X. mohavensis. Our models predict loss of extant habitat, but also concurrent gains of new habitat under two scenarios of future climate change. Under the B1 emissions scenario-a storyline describing a convergent world with emphasis on curbing greenhouse gas emissions-our models predicted losses of up to 64% of extant habitat by 2080, while under the increased greenhouse gas emissions of the A2 scenario, we suggest losses of 56%. New potential habitat may become available to X. mohavensis, thereby offsetting as much as 6330 km(2) (50%) of the current habitat lost. Habitat lost due to planned energy development was marginal compared to habitat lost from changing climates, but disproportionately affected current habitat. Future areas of overlap in potential habitat between the two climate change scenarios are identified and discussed in context of proposed energy development. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Inman, Richard D.; Esque, Todd C.] US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Nussear, Kenneth E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Geog, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
[Leitner, Philip] Calif State Univ Stanislaus, Endangered Species Recovery Program, Turlock, CA 95382 USA.
[Matocq, Marjorie D.; Weisberg, Peter J.; Dilts, Thomas E.] Univ Nevada, Dept Nat Resources & Environm Sci, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
RP Inman, RD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Western Ecol Res Ctr, Las Vegas Field Stn, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
EM rdinman@usgs.gov
FU California Energy Commission, CEC [50010027]; USGS Ecosystems Mission
Area; Western Ecological Research Center
FX Funding for this work was provided by the California Energy Commission,
CEC Agreement 50010027 and from the USGS Ecosystems Mission Area, and
Western Ecological Research Center. We thank Russell Scofield - USDI,
Bureau of Land Management for encouraging us to pursue this research, as
well as David Stoms - CEC and Nate Stephenson - USGS, Josep Serra-Diaz -
Harvard University, Janet Franklin - Arizona State University, and three
anonymous reviewers for the careful reading and thoughtful comments. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 89
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U1 12
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 200
BP 112
EP 121
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.05.033
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DT2QK
UT WOS:000381325300013
ER
PT J
AU Gerber, BD
Kendall, WL
AF Gerber, Brian D.
Kendall, William L.
TI Considering transient population dynamics in the conservation of slow
life-history species: An application to the sandhill crane
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Non-equilibrium; Perturbation; Population management; Projection matrix;
Stage structure; Vital rate sensitivity
ID WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT; AFRICAN ELEPHANTS; PLANT-POPULATIONS; MATRIX
MODELS; SENSITIVITY; AGE; PERTURBATION; MOMENTUM; HARVEST; RATES
AB The importance of transient dynamics of structured populations is increasingly recognized in ecology, yet these implications are not largely considered in conservation practices. We investigate transient and long-term population dynamics to demonstrate the process and utility of incorporating transient dynamics into conservation research and to better understand the population management of slow life-history species; these species can be theoretically highly sensitive to short-and long-term transient effects. We are specifically interested in the effects of anthropogenic removal of individuals from populations, such as caused by harvest, poaching, translocation, or incidental take. We use the sandhill crane (Grus canadensis) as an exemplar species; it is long-lived, has low reproduction, late maturity, and multiple populations are subject to sport harvest. We found sandhill cranes to have extremely high potential, but low likelihood for transient dynamics, even when the population is being harvested. The typically low population growth rate of slow life-history species appears to buffer against many perturbations causing large transient effects. Transient dynamics will dominate population trajectories of these species when stage structures are highly biased towards the younger and non-reproducing individuals, a situation that may be rare in established populations of long-lived animals. However, short-term transient population growth can be highly sensitive to vital rates that are relatively insensitive under equilibrium, suggesting that stage structure should be known if perturbation analysis is used to identify effective conservation strategies. For populations of slow life-history species that are not prone to large perturbations to their most productive individuals, population growth may be approximated by equilibrium dynamics. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gerber, Brian D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Kendall, William L.] Colorado State Univ, US Geol Survey, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Gerber, BD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, 201 Wagar, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM bgerber@colostate.edu
OI Gerber, Brian/0000-0001-9285-9784
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Webless Migratory Game Bird Program
[F10AC00593]; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Mountain-Prairie Migratory
Bird Office
FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's (Award #:
F10AC00593) Webless Migratory Game Bird Program and their
Mountain-Prairie Migratory Bird Office. We are grateful to I. Stott for
helping interpret transient indices and for J. Tack, M. Hooten, Y. Wei,
P. Doherty, M. Kelly, and three anonymous reviewers for providing highly
beneficial editorial comments on a previous version of this manuscript.
Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for descriptive purposes
only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 50
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U1 27
U2 27
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
EI 1873-2917
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 200
BP 228
EP 239
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2016.06.014
PG 12
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DT2QK
UT WOS:000381325300026
ER
PT J
AU McMullin, SL
DiCenzo, V
Essig, R
Bonds, C
DeBruyne, RL
Kaemingk, MA
Mather, ME
Myrick, C
Phelps, QE
Sutton, TM
Triplett, JR
AF McMullin, Steve L.
DiCenzo, Vic
Essig, Ron
Bonds, Craig
DeBruyne, Robin L.
Kaemingk, Mark A.
Mather, Martha E.
Myrick, Christopher
Phelps, Quinton E.
Sutton, Trent M.
Triplett, James R.
TI Are We Preparing the Next Generation of Fisheries Professionals to
Succeed in their Careers? A Survey of AFS Members
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID UNITED-STATES; WILDLIFE EDUCATION; CONSERVATION; PERSPECTIVE; PROGRAMS;
NEEDS; ACCREDITATION; BIOLOGISTS; EMPLOYERS
AB Natural resource professionals have frequently criticized universities for poorly preparing graduates to succeed in their jobs. We surveyed members of the American Fisheries Society to determine which job skills and knowledge of academic topics employers, students, and university faculty members deemed most important to early-career success of fisheries professionals. Respondents also rated proficiency of recently hired, entry-level professionals (employers) on how well their programs prepared them for career success (students and faculty) in those same job skills and academic topics. Critical thinking and written and oral communication skills topped the list of important skills and academic topics. Employers perceived recent entry-level hires to be less well-prepared to succeed in their careers than either university faculty or students. Entry-level hires with post-graduate degrees rated higher in proficiency for highly important skills and knowledge than those with bachelor's degrees. We conclude that although universities have the primary responsibility for developing critical thinking and basic communication skills of students, employers have equal or greater responsibility for enhancing skills of employees in teamwork, field techniques, and communicating with stakeholders. The American Fisheries Society can significantly contribute to the preparation of young fisheries professionals by providing opportunities for continuing education and networking with peers at professional conferences.
C1 [McMullin, Steve L.; DiCenzo, Vic] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 108 Cheatham Hall 0321, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
[Essig, Ron] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Hadley, MA USA.
[Bonds, Craig] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, 4200 Smith Sch Rd, Austin, TX 78744 USA.
[DeBruyne, Robin L.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Kaemingk, Mark A.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand.
[Mather, Martha E.] Kansas State Univ, US Geol Survey, Kansas Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
[Myrick, Christopher] Colorado State Univ, Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, Jackson, MO USA.
[Sutton, Trent M.] Univ Alaska, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK 99701 USA.
[Triplett, James R.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Biol, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA.
RP McMullin, SL (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, 108 Cheatham Hall 0321, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM smcmulli@vt.edu
OI DeBruyne, Robin L./0000-0002-9232-7937
FU Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Kansas State
University; U.S. Geological Survey; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service;
Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism, and Wildlife
Management Institute)
FX The Kansas Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit (Kansas State
University, U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service,
Kansas Department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism, and Wildlife
Management Institute) provided support during article preparation. Any
use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only
and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 44
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U1 3
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
SI SI
BP 436
EP 449
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1199218
PG 14
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DU9PF
UT WOS:000382549100004
ER
PT J
AU Kaemingk, MA
Essig, R
McMullin, SL
Bonds, C
DeBruyne, RL
Myrick, C
Phelps, QE
Sutton, TM
Triplett, JR
AF Kaemingk, Mark A.
Essig, Ron
McMullin, Steve L.
Bonds, Craig
DeBruyne, Robin L.
Myrick, Christopher
Phelps, Quinton E.
Sutton, Trent M.
Triplett, James R.
TI Examining the Relevancy and Utility of the American Fisheries Society
Professional Certification Program to Prepare Future Fisheries
Professionals
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID UNDERGRADUATE WILDLIFE PROGRAMS; UNITED-STATES; EDUCATION; STATISTICS;
SCIENCE; NEEDS
C1 [Kaemingk, Mark A.] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, 396 Esplanade, Wellington 6023, New Zealand.
[Essig, Ron] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife & Sport Fish Restorat Div, Hadley, MA USA.
[McMullin, Steve L.] Virginia Tech, Dept Fish & Wildlife Conservat, Blacksburg, VA USA.
[Bonds, Craig] Texas Parks & Wildlife Dept, 4200 Smith Sch Rd, Austin, TX 78744 USA.
[DeBruyne, Robin L.] Univ Toledo, Dept Environm Sci, 2801 W Bancroft St, Toledo, OH 43606 USA.
[Myrick, Christopher] Colorado State Univ, Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, Jackson, MO USA.
[Sutton, Trent M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, Fairbanks, AK USA.
[Triplett, James R.] Pittsburg State Univ, Dept Biol, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA.
RP Kaemingk, MA (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, 396 Esplanade, Wellington 6023, New Zealand.
EM mkaemingk2@unl.edu
OI DeBruyne, Robin L./0000-0002-9232-7937
NR 22
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U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
SI SI
BP 458
EP 461
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1199231
PG 4
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DU9PF
UT WOS:000382549100006
ER
PT J
AU Essig, R
AF Essig, Ron
TI US Federal Fish Biologist Educational Requirements
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Essig, Ron] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife & Sport Fish Restorat Program Northeast, 300 Westgate Ctr Dr, Hadley, MA 01035 USA.
RP Essig, R (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Wildlife & Sport Fish Restorat Program Northeast, 300 Westgate Ctr Dr, Hadley, MA 01035 USA.
EM Ron_essig@fws.gov
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
SI SI
BP 462
EP 462
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1199834
PG 1
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DU9PF
UT WOS:000382549100007
ER
PT J
AU Sutton, TM
Bertrand, KN
Jackson, JR
Jolley, JC
Phelps, QE
Reynolds, JB
Wuellner, MR
AF Sutton, Trent M.
Bertrand, Katie N.
Jackson, James R.
Jolley, Jeffrey C.
Phelps, Quinton E.
Reynolds, James B.
Wuellner, Melissa R.
TI Where Do We Go from Here? ICE Connects Employers and Educators to Bring
Fisheries to the Next Level
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Sutton, Trent M.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 905 N Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Bertrand, Katie N.; Wuellner, Melissa R.] South Dakota State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Management, Brookings, SD USA.
[Jackson, James R.] Cornell Univ, Cornell Biol Field Stn, Dept Nat Resources, Bridgeport, NY USA.
[Jolley, Jeffrey C.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Columbia River Fisheries Program Off, Vancouver, WA USA.
[Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, Jackson, MO USA.
RP Sutton, TM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Sch Fisheries & Ocean Sci, 905 N Koyukuk Dr, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM tmsutton@alaska.edu
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
SI SI
BP 463
EP 463
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1199831
PG 1
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DU9PF
UT WOS:000382549100008
ER
PT J
AU Bonar, SA
AF Bonar, Scott A.
TI Biological and Communication Skills Needed for Introduced Fish
Biologists
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
C1 [Bonar, Scott A.] Univ Arizona, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Introduced Fish Sect,US Geol Survey, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
RP Bonar, SA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Arizona Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Sch Nat Resources & Environm, Introduced Fish Sect,US Geol Survey, 104 Biol Sci East, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
EM sbonar@ag.arizona.edu
NR 7
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 3
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0363-2415
EI 1548-8446
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 41
IS 8
SI SI
BP 466
EP 467
DI 10.1080/03632415.2016.1199223
PG 2
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA DU9PF
UT WOS:000382549100010
ER
PT J
AU Crow, JC
Forstner, MRJ
Ostrand, KG
Tomasso, JR
AF Crow, Justin C.
Forstner, Michael R. J.
Ostrand, Kenneth G.
Tomasso, Joseph R.
TI THE ROLE OF TEMPERATURE ON SURVIVAL AND GROWTH OF THE BARTON SPRINGS
SALAMANDER (EURYCEA SOSORUM)
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation; critical thermal maxima; endangered; loss of righting
response; optimal growth; Plethodontidae
ID CRITICAL THERMAL MAXIMUM; ECOLOGY; TEXAS; PLETHODONTIDAE; ECTOTHERMS;
SIZE
AB The Barton Springs Salamander (Eurycea sosorum) is listed federally as endangered and is an obligate aquatic salamander with a substantial population occurring in a few spring outflows located in a highly urbanized recreational area near downtown Austin, Texas, USA. The purpose of this study was to gain essential information regarding the response of E. sosorum to several thermal manipulations. All salamanders used in this study were produced at the San Marcos Aquatic Resources Center (United States Fish and Wildlife Service) in San Marcos, Texas, USA, as part of a captive breeding program. To examine the effects of thermal stressors, we subjected salamanders to a nominal temperature increase of 0.5 degrees C per day until we observed a loss of righting response (LRR). Additionally, we assessed salamander growth following a 69-d trial in which we reared young E. sosorum at five temperature treatments (nominal 15, 18, 21, 24 and 27 degrees C). The cumulative ET50 (Effective Temperature at which half of the salamanders experienced a LRR [mean +/- SD]) for the combined replicates observed in E. sosorum was 32.6 +/- 0.08 degrees C. The optimal temperature for growth of E. sosorum based on weight and total length was estimated to be 18.7 degrees C and 18.3 degrees C, respectively. These results will aid in the conservation, management, and ongoing efforts to culture E. sosorum in captivity. Further, our results may provide insight to the potential thermal tolerances of other perennibranchiate Eurycea salamanders in central Texas thought to be sensitive to thermal fluctuations in their habitats.
C1 [Crow, Justin C.; Ostrand, Kenneth G.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Forstner, Michael R. J.] Texas State Univ, Dept Biol, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
[Tomasso, Joseph R.] Auburn Univ, Sch Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
RP Crow, JC (reprint author), US Fish & Wildlife Serv, San Marcos Aquat Resources Ctr, San Marcos, TX 78666 USA.
EM justin_crow@fws.gov
FU Williamson County Conservation Foundation; Magellan Midstream Partners,
L.P.
FX The Williamson County Conservation Foundation provided funds for this
study. Magellan Midstream Partners, L.P. provided support for the Barton
Springs Salamander refugium. Thomas Brandt, Valentin Cantu, Erica
Molina, Shawntel Lopez, Matthew Winn, Jarrod McFattin, and Taylor Quiros
provided advice and technical assistance. Thermal manipulation
experiments were conducted under permits from the US Fish and Wildlife
Service (TE676811-8) and Texas Parks and Wildlife Department
(SPR-0390-045). The findings and conclusions in this article are those
of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the United
States Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 36
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 11
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 2
BP 328
EP 334
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DU4DX
UT WOS:000382163500009
ER
PT J
AU Villena, OC
Royle, JA
Weir, LA
Foreman, TM
Gazenski, KD
Grant, EHC
AF Villena, Oswaldo C.
Royle, J. Andrew
Weir, Linda A.
Foreman, Tasha M.
Gazenski, Kimberly D.
Grant, Evan H. Campbell
TI SOUTHEAST REGIONAL AND STATE TRENDS IN ANURAN OCCUPANCY FROM CALLING
SURVEY DATA (2001-2013) FROM THE NORTH AMERICAN AMPHIBIAN MONITORING
PROGRAM
SO HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amphibians; calling survey; NAAMP; occupancy modeling; occupancy trends
ID ESTIMATING SITE OCCUPANCY; POPULATIONS; MODELS; ERRORS; USA
AB We present the first regional trends in anuran occupancy for eight states of the southeastern United States, based on 13 y (2001-2013) of North American Amphibian Monitoring Program (NAAMP) data. The NAAMP is a longterm monitoring program in which observers collect anuran calling observation data at fixed locations along random roadside routes. We assessed occupancy trends for 14 species. We found weak evidence for a general regional pattern of decline in calling anurans within breeding habitats along roads in the southeastern USA over the last 13 y. Two species had positive regional trends with 95% posterior intervals that did not include zero (Hyla cinerea and Pseudacris crucifer). Five other species also showed an increasing trend, while eight species showed a declining trend, although 95% posterior intervals included zero. We also assessed state level trends for 107 species/ state combinations. Of these, 14 showed a significant decline and 12 showed a significant increase in occupancy (i. e., credible intervals did not include zero for these 26 trends).
C1 [Villena, Oswaldo C.; Royle, J. Andrew; Weir, Linda A.; Foreman, Tasha M.; Gazenski, Kimberly D.] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
[Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Silvio O Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, 1 Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Villena, OC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, 12100 Beech Forest Rd, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
EM oswaldo.villena@gmail.com
OI Royle, Jeffrey/0000-0003-3135-2167
NR 28
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 5
U2 5
PU HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION & BIOLOGY
PI CORVALLIS
PA C/O R BRUCE BURY, USGS FOREST & RANGELAND, CORVALLIS, OR 00000 USA
SN 2151-0733
EI 1931-7603
J9 HERPETOL CONSERV BIO
JI Herpetol. Conserv. Biol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 11
IS 2
BP 373
EP 383
PG 11
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DU4DX
UT WOS:000382163500015
ER
PT J
AU Lumme, J
Makinen, H
Ermolenko, AV
Gregg, JL
Zietara, MS
AF Lumme, Jaakko
Makinen, Hannu
Ermolenko, Alexey V.
Gregg, Jacob L.
Zietara, Marek S.
TI Displaced phylogeographic signals from Gyrodactylus arcuatus, a parasite
of the three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus, suggest
freshwater glacial refugia in Europe
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Ectoparasite; Flatworm; Phylogeography
ID SALMON SALMO-SALAR; ATLANTIC SALMON; THREESPINE STICKLEBACK; HOST
SWITCH; POPULATION-GENETICS; 1ST REPORT; SEA; MONOGENEA; SPECIATION;
EVOLUTION
AB We examined the global mitochondrial phylogeography of Gyrodactylus arcuatus, a flatworm ectoparasite of three-spined stickleback Gasterosteus aculeatus. In accordance with the suggested high divergence rate of 13%/million years, the genetic variation of the parasite was high: haplotype diversity h = 0.985 and nucleotide diversity pi = 0.0161. The differentiation among the parasite populations was substantial (Phi(st) = 0.759), with two main allopatric clades (here termed Euro and North) accounting for 54% of the total genetic variation. The diversity center of the Euro Glade was in the Baltic Sea, while the North Glade was spread across the Barents and White Seas. A single haplotype within the North Glade was found in the western and eastern Pacific Ocean. Divergence of main clades was estimated to be circa 200 thousand years ago. Each main Glade was further divided into six distinct subclades, estimated to have diverged in isolation since 135 thousand years ago. This second division corresponds approximately to the Eemian interglacial predating the last glacial maximum. A demographic expansion of the subclades is associated with colonisation of northern Europe since the last glacial maximum, circa 15-40 thousand years ago. The parasite phylogeny is most likely explained by sequential isolated bottlenecks and expansions in numerous allopatric refugia. The postglacial intermingling and high variation in the marine parasite populations, separately in the Baltic and Barents Seas, suggest low competition of divergent parasite matrilines, coupled with a large population size and high rate of dispersal of hosts. The genetic contribution of the assumed refugial fish populations maintaining the parasite during the last glacial maximum was not detected among the marine sticklebacks, which perhaps were infected after range expansion. (C) 2016 Australian Society for Parasitology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Lumme, Jaakko; Zietara, Marek S.] Univ Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
[Makinen, Hannu] Univ Turku, Turku, Finland.
[Ermolenko, Alexey V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Biol & Soil Sci, Vladivostok, Russia.
[Gregg, Jacob L.] US Geol Survey, Marrowstone Marine Field Stn, Nordland, WA USA.
[Zietara, Marek S.] Univ Gdansk, Fac Biol, Gdansk, Poland.
RP Makinen, H (reprint author), Univ Turku, Dept Biol, Div Genet & Physiol, Pharmac, Turku 20014, Finland.
EM hasama@utu.fi
FU Academy of Finland
FX Jussi Kuusela collected samples from Narpio (Finland) and Dr. Anti
Vasemagi from Purtse (Estonia). Support from the Academy of Finland (JL,
MZ) is appreciated.
NR 52
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0020-7519
EI 1879-0135
J9 INT J PARASITOL
JI Int. J. Parasit.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 46
IS 9
BP 545
EP 554
DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2016.03.008
PG 10
WC Parasitology
SC Parasitology
GA DT5QP
UT WOS:000381538000002
PM 27155331
ER
PT J
AU Moore, DE
Lockner, DA
Hickman, S
AF Moore, Diane E.
Lockner, David A.
Hickman, Stephen
TI Hydrothermal frictional strengths of rock and mineral samples relevant
to the creeping section of the San Andreas Fault
SO JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Frictional strengths; San Andreas Fault; SAFOD; Great Valley sequence;
Franciscan complex; Saponite
ID BLIND THRUST-FAULT; DEPTH SAFOD CORE; CENTRAL CALIFORNIA; CLAY-MINERALS;
NORMAL STRESS; RICH GOUGE; ZONE; SLIP; SERPENTINITE; GEOMETRY
AB We compare frictional strengths in the temperature range 25-250 degrees C of fault gouge from SAFOD (CDZ and SDZ) with quartzofeldspathic wall rocks typical of the central creeping section of the San Andreas Fault (Great Valley sequence and Franciscan Complex). The Great Valley and Franciscan samples have coefficients of friction, mu > 035 at all experimental conditions. Strength is unchanged between 25 and 150 degrees C, but mu increases at higher temperatures, exceeding 0.50 at 250 degrees C. Both samples are velocity strengthening at room temperature but show velocity-weakening behavior beginning at 150 degrees C and stick-slip motion at 250 degrees C. These rocks, therefore, have the potential for unstable seismic slip at depth. The CDZ gouge, with a high saponite content, is weak (mu = 0.09-0.17) and velocity strengthening in all experiments, and mu decreases at temperatures above 150 degrees C. Behavior of the SDZ is intermediate between the CDZ and wall rocks mu < 0.2 and does not vary with temperature. Although saponite is probably not stable at depths greater than similar to 3 km, substitution of the frictionally similar minerals talc and Mg-rich chlorite for saponite at higher temperatures could potentially extend the range of low strength and stable slip down to the base of the seismogenic zone. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Moore, Diane E.; Lockner, David A.; Hickman, Stephen] US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,Mail Stop 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
RP Moore, DE (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Earthquake Sci Ctr, 345 Middlefield Rd,Mail Stop 977, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM dmoore@usgs.gov; dlockner@usgs.gov; hickman@usgs.gov
NR 68
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 13
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0191-8141
J9 J STRUCT GEOL
JI J. Struct. Geol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 89
BP 153
EP 167
DI 10.1016/j.jsg.2016.06.005
PG 15
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DT5PO
UT WOS:000381535300012
ER
PT J
AU Davenport, JM
Hossack, BR
AF Davenport, J. M.
Hossack, B. R.
TI Reevaluating geographic variation in life-history traits of a widespread
Nearctic amphibian
SO JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bergmann's rule; biogeography; climate change; clutch size; cogradient
selection; countergradient selection; ectotherm; egg size
ID FROG RANA-SYLVATICA; FOLLOW BERGMANNS RULE; WOOD FROG; BODY-SIZE;
COUNTERGRADIENT VARIATION; ALTITUDINAL VARIATION; LATITUDINAL CLINES;
LARVAL DEVELOPMENT; EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE; NATTERJACK TOADS
AB Animals from cold environments are usually larger than animals from warm environments, which often produce clines in body size. Because variation in body size can lead to trade-offs between growth and reproduction, life-history traits should also vary across climatic gradients. To determine if life-history traits of wood frogs Rana sylvatica vary with climate, we examined female and male body length, clutch size, and ovum size from 37 locations across an unprecedented 32 degrees of latitude. In conflict with recent research, body size, and ovum size decreased in cold climates and at higher latitudes. Clutch size did not vary with climate or latitude, but reproductive effort (clutch size:female size) did, suggesting selection for a life-history traits that favors maximizing propagule number over propagule size in cold climates. With accelerating climate change that will expose populations to novel environmental conditions, it is important to identify the limits of adaptation, which can be informed by greater understanding of variation in life-history traits.
C1 [Davenport, J. M.] Southeast Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 USA.
[Hossack, B. R.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Aldo Leopold Wilderness Res Inst, Missoula, MT USA.
RP Davenport, JM (reprint author), Southeast Missouri State Univ, Dept Biol, Cape Girardeau, MO 63701 USA.
EM jdavenport@semo.edu
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 13
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0952-8369
EI 1469-7998
J9 J ZOOL
JI J. Zool.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 299
IS 4
BP 304
EP 310
DI 10.1111/jzo.12352
PG 7
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA DU8YH
UT WOS:000382501900008
ER
PT J
AU Ruiz-Gutierrez, V
Hooten, MB
Grant, EHC
AF Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana
Hooten, Mevin B.
Grant, Evan H. Campbell
TI Uncertainty in biological monitoring: a framework for data collection
and analysis to account for multiple sources of sampling bias
SO METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE bias; detection; false-negative; false-positive; monitoring; occupancy;
probit link
ID CITIZEN-SCIENCE; SPECIES OCCURRENCE; OCCUPANCY MODELS;
HIERARCHICAL-MODELS; ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH; OBSERVATION ERROR;
CLIMATE-CHANGE; DETECTIONS; DYNAMICS; CONSERVATION
AB Biological monitoring programmes are increasingly relying upon large volumes of citizen-science data to improve the scope and spatial coverage of information, challenging the scientific community to develop design and model-based approaches to improve inference. Recent statistical models in ecology have been developed to accommodate false-negative errors, although current work points to false-positive errors as equally important sources of bias. This is of particular concern for the success of any monitoring programme given that rates as small as 3% could lead to the overestimation of the occurrence of rare events by as much as 50%, and even small false-positive rates can severely bias estimates of occurrence dynamics. We present an integrated, computationally efficient Bayesian hierarchical model to correct for false-positive and false-negative errors in detection/non-detection data. Our model combines independent, auxiliary data sources with field observations to improve the estimation of false-positive rates, when a subset of field observations cannot be validated a posteriori or assumed as perfect. We evaluated the performance of the model across a range of occurrence rates, false-positive and false-negative errors, and quantity of auxiliary data. The model performed well under all simulated scenarios, and we were able to identify critical auxiliary data characteristics which resulted in improved inference. We applied our false-positive model to a large-scale, citizen-science monitoring programme for anurans in the north-eastern United States, using auxiliary data from an experiment designed to estimate false-positive error rates. Not correcting for false-positive rates resulted in biased estimates of occupancy in 4 of the 10 anuran species we analysed, leading to an overestimation of the average number of occupied survey routes by as much as 70%. The framework we present for data collection and analysis is able to efficiently provide reliable inference for occurrence patterns using data from a citizen-science monitoring programme. However, our approach is applicable to data generated by any type of research and monitoring programme, independent of skill level or scale, when effort is placed on obtaining auxiliary information on false-positive rates.
C1 [Ruiz-Gutierrez, Viviana; Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 109 Wagar Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] US Geol Survey, Colorado Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, 201 Wagar Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Hooten, Mevin B.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Stat, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Grant, Evan H. Campbell] US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, SO Conte Anadromous Fish Lab, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376 USA.
RP Ruiz-Gutierrez, V (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Fish Wildlife & Conservat Biol, 109 Wagar Bldg, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
EM vr45@cornell.edu
NR 53
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 18
U2 18
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2041-210X
EI 2041-2096
J9 METHODS ECOL EVOL
JI Methods Ecol. Evol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 7
IS 8
BP 900
EP 909
DI 10.1111/2041-210X.12542
PG 10
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA DU8ZO
UT WOS:000382505900003
ER
PT J
AU Saglam, IK
Baumsteiger, J
Smith, MJ
Linares-Casenave, J
Nichols, AL
Rourke, SMO
Miller, MR
AF Saglam, Ismail K.
Baumsteiger, Jason
Smith, Matt J.
Linares-Casenave, Javier
Nichols, Andrew L.
Rourke, Sean M. O'
Miller, Michael R.
TI Phylogenetics support an ancient common origin of two scientific icons:
Devils Hole and Devils Hole pupfish
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ABBA-BABA; critically endangered; divergence estimates; multispecies
coalescent; RAD sequencing; SNP assays
ID GENERATION SEQUENCING DATA; CYPRINODON-DIABOLIS; MILANKOVITCH THEORY;
DIVERGENCE TIMES; SPECIES TREES; VEIN CALCITE; RAD MARKERS; WATER-LEVEL;
NEVADA; RECORD
AB The Devils Hole pupfish (Cyprinorion diabolis; DHP) is an icon of conservation biology. Isolated in a 50 m(2) pool (Devils Hole), DHP is one of the rarest vertebrate species known and an evolutionary anomaly, having survived in complete isolation for thousands of years. However, recent findings suggest DHP might be younger than commonly thought, potentially introduced to Devils Hole by humans in the past thousand years. As a result, the significance of DHP from an evolutionary and conservation perspective has been questioned. Here we present a high-resolution genomic analysis of DHP and two closely related species, with the goal of thoroughly examining the temporal divergence of DHP. To this end, we inferred the evolutionary history of DHP from multiple random genomic subsets and evaluated four historical scenarios using the multispecies coalescent. Our results provide substantial information regarding the evolutionary history of DHP. Genomic patterns of secondary contact present strong evidence that DHP were isolated in Devils Hole prior to 20-10 ka and the model best supported by geological history and known mutation rates predicts DHP diverged around 60 ka, approximately the same time Devils Hole opened to the surface. We make the novel prediction that DHP colonized and have survived in Devils Hole since the cavern opened, and the two events (colonization and collapse of the cavern's roof) were caused by a common geologic event. Our results emphasize the power of evolutionary theory as a predictive framework and reaffirm DHP as an important evolutionary novelty, worthy of continued conservation and exploration.
C1 [Saglam, Ismail K.; Baumsteiger, Jason; Rourke, Sean M. O'; Miller, Michael R.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Saglam, Ismail K.] Hacettepe Univ, Dept Biol, Ecol Sci Res Labs, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey.
[Baumsteiger, Jason; Nichols, Andrew L.; Miller, Michael R.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Smith, Matt J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Abernathy Fish Technol Ctr, 1440 Abernathy Creek Rd, Longview, WA 98632 USA.
[Linares-Casenave, Javier] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Pacific Southwest Reg, 2800 Cottage Way W-2606, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA.
RP Saglam, IK; Miller, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.; Saglam, IK (reprint author), Hacettepe Univ, Dept Biol, Ecol Sci Res Labs, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey.; Miller, MR (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Watershed Sci, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM iksaglam@ucdavis.edu; micmiller@ucdavis.edu
FU U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
FX We would like to thank the Ash Meadows Fish Conservation Facility
(AMFCF) for supplying us with fin clips of DHP and AMP and Amanda Finger
of Genomic Variation Lab, University of California, Davis for OWP DNA
samples. We would also like to thank Christian Smith of Abernathy Fish
Technology Center for his assistance with SNP assays. We are also very
grateful to Paul Hohenlohe, Andrew Martin, Chris Burridge, Anthony
Echelle and two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments which
greatly strengthened the study. This study was funded by the U.S. Fish
and Wildlife Service. The findings and conclusions in this article are
those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.
NR 76
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 13
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0962-1083
EI 1365-294X
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 25
IS 16
BP 3962
EP 3973
DI 10.1111/mec.13732
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA DT6FD
UT WOS:000381578200013
PM 27314880
ER
PT J
AU Soares, MA
Li, HY
Bergen, M
da Silva, JM
Kowalski, KP
White, JF
AF Soares, Marcos Antonio
Li, Hai-Yan
Bergen, Marshall
da Silva, Joaquim Manoel
Kowalski, Kurt P.
White, James Francis
TI Functional role of an endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens in enhancing
growth and disease protection of invasive English ivy (Hedera helix L.)
SO PLANT AND SOIL
LA English
DT Article
DE Lipopeptide; Biological control; Plant growth promotion; Invasive plants
ID ZEA-MAYS L.; PLANT-GROWTH; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; PROMOTING RHIZOBACTERIA;
GENETIC DIVERSITY; SUBTILIS STRAINS; ITURIN-A; LIPOPEPTIDES; SURFACTIN;
BACTERIA
AB We hypothesize that invasive English ivy (Hedera helix) harbors endophytic microbes that promote plant growth and survival. To evaluate this hypothesis, we examined endophytic bacteria in English ivy and evaluated effects on the host plant.
Endophytic bacteria were isolated from multiple populations of English ivy in New Brunswick, NJ. Bacteria were identified as a single species Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. One strain of B. amyloliquefaciens, strain C6c, was characterized for indoleacetic acid (IAA) production, secretion of hydrolytic enzymes, phosphate solubilization, and antibiosis against pathogens. PCR was used to amplify lipopeptide genes and their secretion into culture media was detected by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Capability to promote growth of English ivy was evaluated in greenhouse experiments. The capacity of C6c to protect plants from disease was evaluated by exposing B+ (bacterium inoculated) and B- (non-inoculated) plants to the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria tenuissima.
B. amyloliquefaciens C6c systemically colonized leaves, petioles, and seeds of English ivy. C6c synthesized IAA and inhibited plant pathogens. MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry analysis revealed secretion of antifungal lipopeptides surfactin, iturin, bacillomycin, and fengycin. C6c promoted the growth of English ivy in low and high soil nitrogen conditions. This endophytic bacterium efficiently controlled disease caused by Alternaria tenuissima.
This study suggests that B. amyloliquefaciens plays an important role in enhancing growth and disease protection of English ivy.
C1 [Soares, Marcos Antonio] Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Bot & Ecol, Ave Fernando Correa da Costa 2367, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.
[Li, Hai-Yan] Kunming Univ Sci & Technol, Fac Life Sci & Technol, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, Peoples R China.
[Bergen, Marshall; White, James Francis] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[da Silva, Joaquim Manoel] Univ State Mato Grosso, Fac Agr Sci Biol & Appl Social, BR-78690000 New Xavantina, Mato Grosso, Brazil.
[Kowalski, Kurt P.] US Geol Survey, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, 1451 Green Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Soares, MA (reprint author), Univ Fed Mato Grosso, Dept Bot & Ecol, Ave Fernando Correa da Costa 2367, BR-78060900 Cuiaba, MT, Brazil.; White, JF (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Dept Plant Biol & Pathol, 59 Dudley Rd, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
EM drmasoares@gmail.com; lhyxrn@163.com; mbergen@aesop.rutgers.edu;
joaquimmanoel@unemat.br; kkowalski@usgs.gov; jwhite3728@gmail.com
OI Kowalski, Kurt/0000-0002-8424-4701; Soares, Marcos/0000-0002-8938-3188
FU John E. and Christina C. Craighead Foundation; USDA-NIFA Multistate
Project [W3147]; New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station
FX The Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Department of Plant
Biology and Pathology of Rutgers University; The Brazilian National
Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) for Post
Doctoral Fellowship; International Institute of Science and Technology
in Wetlands (INAU); and Sr. Qiang Chen for confocal microscopy
assistance were acknowledged. The authors are also grateful to the
support from the John E. and Christina C. Craighead Foundation,
USDA-NIFA Multistate Project W3147, and the New Jersey Agricultural
Experiment Station. Any use of trade, product or firm names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government. This article is Contribution 1957 of the USGS Great Lakes
Science Center.
NR 106
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 27
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0032-079X
EI 1573-5036
J9 PLANT SOIL
JI Plant Soil
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 405
IS 1-2
BP 107
EP 123
DI 10.1007/s11104-015-2638-7
PG 17
WC Agronomy; Plant Sciences; Soil Science
SC Agriculture; Plant Sciences
GA DT0ZF
UT WOS:000381210800009
ER
PT J
AU Brown, DRN
Jorgenson, MT
Kielland, K
Verbyla, DL
Prakash, A
Koch, JC
AF Brown, Dana R. N.
Jorgenson, Mark T.
Kielland, Knut
Verbyla, David L.
Prakash, Anupma
Koch, Joshua C.
TI Landscape Effects of Wildfire on Permafrost Distribution in Interior
Alaska Derived from Remote Sensing
SO REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE wildfire; permafrost; remote sensing; boreal forest; Alaska
ID BOREAL CATCHMENT UNDERLAIN; SURFACE SOIL-MOISTURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; FIRE;
FOREST; DEGRADATION; REGION; FLOW; USA; VULNERABILITY
AB Climate change coupled with an intensifying wildfire regime is becoming an important driver of permafrost loss and ecosystem change in the northern boreal forest. There is a growing need to understand the effects of fire on the spatial distribution of permafrost and its associated ecological consequences. We focus on the effects of fire a decade after disturbance in a rocky upland landscape in the interior Alaskan boreal forest. Our main objectives were to (1) map near-surface permafrost distribution and drainage classes and (2) analyze the controls over landscape-scale patterns of post-fire permafrost degradation. Relationships among remote sensing variables and field-based data on soil properties (temperature, moisture, organic layer thickness) and vegetation (plant community composition) were analyzed using correlation, regression, and ordination analyses. The remote sensing data we considered included spectral indices from optical datasets (Landsat 7 Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus (ETM+) and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI)), the principal components of a time series of radar backscatter (Advanced Land Observing Satellite-Phased Array type L-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (ALOS-PALSAR)), and topographic variables from a Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-derived digital elevation model (DEM). We found strong empirical relationships between the normalized difference infrared index (NDII) and post-fire vegetation, soil moisture, and soil temperature, enabling us to indirectly map permafrost status and drainage class using regression-based models. The thickness of the insulating surface organic layer after fire, a measure of burn severity, was an important control over the extent of permafrost degradation. According to our classifications, 90% of the area considered to have experienced high severity burn (using the difference normalized burn ratio (dNBR)) lacked permafrost after fire. Permafrost thaw, in turn, likely increased drainage and resulted in drier surface soils. Burn severity also influenced plant community composition, which was tightly linked to soil temperature and moisture. Overall, interactions between burn severity, topography, and vegetation appear to control the distribution of near-surface permafrost and associated drainage conditions after disturbance.
C1 [Brown, Dana R. N.; Kielland, Knut] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Brown, Dana R. N.; Kielland, Knut] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Jorgenson, Mark T.] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA.
[Verbyla, David L.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Nat Resources Management, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Prakash, Anupma] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
[Koch, Joshua C.] US Geol Survey, Alaska Sci Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA.
RP Brown, DRN (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.; Brown, DRN (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA.
EM drnossov@alaska.edu; ecoscience@alaska.net; kkielland@alaska.edu;
dlverbyla@alaska.edu; aprakash@alaska.edu; jkoch@usgs.gov
OI Koch, Joshua/0000-0001-7180-6982
FU Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the U.S. Geological Survey's
Ecosystem Mission Area; U.S. Geological Survey's Land Carbon Program
through Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Institute of
Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks
FX This research was funded by the Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of
the U.S. Geological Survey's Ecosystem Mission Area and the U.S.
Geological Survey's Land Carbon Program, through the Alaska Cooperative
Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the Institute of Arctic Biology at
the University of Alaska Fairbanks. We thank Amy Marsh for help with
fieldwork, Bruce Wylie for providing the LiDAR data, Rudy Gens for
assistance with SAR data processing, Stephanie Ewing and Kimberly
Wickland for contributing soil moisture data, and Eugenie Euskirchen,
Neal Pastick, Vladimir Romanovsky, and Roger Ruess for insightful
reviews of the manuscript. Any use of trade names is for descriptive
purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.
NR 66
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 29
U2 29
PU MDPI AG
PI BASEL
PA ST ALBAN-ANLAGE 66, CH-4052 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 2072-4292
J9 REMOTE SENS-BASEL
JI Remote Sens.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 8
IS 8
AR 654
DI 10.3390/rs8080654
PG 22
WC Remote Sensing
SC Remote Sensing
GA DU8JI
UT WOS:000382458700041
ER
PT J
AU Wright, WJ
Irvine, KM
Rodhouse, TJ
AF Wright, Wilson J.
Irvine, Kathryn M.
Rodhouse, Thomas J.
TI A goodness-of-fit test for occupancy models with correlated
within-season revisits
SO ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE Acoustic surveys; bats; independence assumption; join count; Markov
occupancy model; model assessment; monitoring; serial correlation
ID WIND ENERGY FACILITIES; BATS; LANDSCAPE; DESIGN; BIRDS
AB Occupancy modeling is important for exploring species distribution patterns and for conservation monitoring. Within this framework, explicit attention is given to species detection probabilities estimated from replicate surveys to sample units. A central assumption is that replicate surveys are independent Bernoulli trials, but this assumption becomes untenable when ecologists serially deploy remote cameras and acoustic recording devices over days and weeks to survey rare and elusive animals. Proposed solutions involve modifying the detection-level component of the model (e.g., first-order Markov covariate). Evaluating whether a model sufficiently accounts for correlation is imperative, but clear guidance for practitioners is lacking. Currently, an omnibus goodness-of-fit test using a chi-square discrepancy measure on unique detection histories is available for occupancy models (MacKenzie and Bailey, Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics, 9, 2004, 300; hereafter, MacKenzie-Bailey test). We propose a join count summary measure adapted from spatial statistics to directly assess correlation after fitting a model. We motivate our work with a dataset of multinight bat call recordings from a pilot study for the North American Bat Monitoring Program. We found in simulations that our join count test was more reliable than the MacKenzie-Bailey test for detecting inadequacy of a model that assumed independence, particularly when serial correlation was low to moderate. A model that included a Markov-structured detection-level covariate produced unbiased occupancy estimates except in the presence of strong serial correlation and a revisit design consisting only of temporal replicates. When applied to two common bat species, our approach illustrates that sophisticated models do not guarantee adequate fit to real data, underscoring the importance of model assessment. Our join count test provides a widely applicable goodness-of-fit test and specifically evaluates occupancy model lack of fit related to correlation among detections within a sample unit. Our diagnostic tool is available for practitioners that serially deploy survey equipment as a way to achieve cost savings.
C1 [Wright, Wilson J.] Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.
[Irvine, Kathryn M.] US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
[Rodhouse, Thomas J.] Natl Pk Serv, Upper Columbia Basin Network, Bend, OR 97702 USA.
RP Wright, WJ (reprint author), Montana State Univ, Dept Math Sci, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA.; Irvine, KM (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Northern Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA.
EM wilson.wright@msu.montana.edu; kirvine@usgs.gov
FU US Fish and Wildlife Service [IA4500064857]; National Park Service
[P12PG70586]
FX US Fish and Wildlife Service (Grant/Award Number: IA4500064857) and
National Park Service (Grant/Award Number: P12PG70586).
NR 35
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 8
U2 15
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 2045-7758
J9 ECOL EVOL
JI Ecol. Evol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 6
IS 15
BP 5404
EP 5415
DI 10.1002/ece3.2292
PG 12
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA DT1BI
UT WOS:000381216300024
PM 27551392
ER
PT J
AU Lokupitiya, E
Denning, AS
Schaefer, K
Ricciuto, D
Anderson, R
Arain, MA
Baker, I
Barr, AG
Chen, G
Chen, JM
Ciais, P
Cook, DR
Dietze, M
El Maayar, M
Fischer, M
Grant, R
Hollinger, D
Izaurralde, C
Jain, A
Kucharik, C
Li, Z
Liu, S
Li, L
Matamala, R
Peylin, P
Price, D
Running, SW
Sahoo, A
Sprintsin, M
Suyker, AE
Tian, H
Tonitto, C
Torn, M
Verbeeck, H
Verma, SB
Xue, Y
AF Lokupitiya, E.
Denning, A. S.
Schaefer, K.
Ricciuto, D.
Anderson, R.
Arain, M. A.
Baker, I.
Barr, A. G.
Chen, G.
Chen, J. M.
Ciais, P.
Cook, D. R.
Dietze, M.
El Maayar, M.
Fischer, M.
Grant, R.
Hollinger, D.
Izaurralde, C.
Jain, A.
Kucharik, C.
Li, Z.
Liu, S.
Li, L.
Matamala, R.
Peylin, P.
Price, D.
Running, S. W.
Sahoo, A.
Sprintsin, M.
Suyker, A. E.
Tian, H.
Tonitto, C.
Torn, M.
Verbeeck, Hans
Verma, S. B.
Xue, Y.
TI Carbon and energy fluxes in cropland ecosystems: a model-data comparison
SO BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE Carbon and energy fluxes; Cropland ecosystems; Land-atmosphere exchange;
Model-data comparison; Cropland carbon and energy exchange
ID RAIN-FED MAIZE; BIOSPHERE MODEL; VEGETATION DYNAMICS; DIOXIDE EXCHANGE;
BALANCE CLOSURE; CLIMATE-CHANGE; WATER BUDGETS; CO2; FOREST; SOIL
AB Croplands are highly productive ecosystems that contribute to land-atmosphere exchange of carbon, energy, and water during their short growing seasons. We evaluated and compared net ecosystem exchange (NEE), latent heat flux (LE), and sensible heat flux (H) simulated by a suite of ecosystem models at five agricultural eddy covariance flux tower sites in the central United States as part of the North American Carbon Program Site Synthesis project. Most of the models overestimated H and underestimated LE during the growing season, leading to overall higher Bowen ratios compared to the observations. Most models systematically under predicted NEE, especially at rain-fed sites. Certain crop-specific models that were developed considering the high productivity and associated physiological changes in specific crops better predicted the NEE and LE at both rain-fed and irrigated sites. Models with specific parameterization for different crops better simulated the inter-annual variability of NEE for maize-soybean rotation compared to those models with a single generic crop type. Stratification according to basic model formulation and phenological methodology did not explain significant variation in model performance across these sites and crops. The under prediction of NEE and LE and over prediction of H by most of the models suggests that models developed and parameterized for natural ecosystems cannot accurately predict the more robust physiology of highly bred and intensively managed crop ecosystems. When coupled in Earth System Models, it is likely that the excessive physiological stress simulated in many land surface component models leads to overestimation of temperature and atmospheric boundary layer depth, and underestimation of humidity and CO2 seasonal uptake over agricultural regions.
C1 [Lokupitiya, E.] Univ Colombo, Dept Zool & Environm Sci, Fac Sci, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
[Denning, A. S.; Baker, I.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
[Schaefer, K.] Univ Colorado, NSIDC, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Ricciuto, D.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Anderson, R.; Running, S. W.] Univ Montana, Numer Terradynam Simulat Grp, Missoula, MT 59812 USA.
[Arain, M. A.] McMaster Univ, Sch Geog & Earth Sci, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Arain, M. A.] McMaster Univ, McMaster Ctr Climate Change, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.
[Barr, A. G.] Environm Canada, Sci & Technol Branch, Natl Hydrol Res Ctr, Innovat Blvd, Saskatoon, SK S7N 3H5, Canada.
[Chen, G.; Tian, H.] Auburn Univ, Sch Forestry & Wildlife Sci, Ecosyst Dynam & Global Ecol Lab, Auburn, AL 36849 USA.
[Chen, J. M.] Univ Toronto, Dept Geog, Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada.
[Ciais, P.; Peylin, P.] UVSQ, CNRS, CEA, LSCE, F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette, France.
[Cook, D. R.; Matamala, R.] Argonne Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Lemont, IL 60439 USA.
[Dietze, M.] Boston Univ, Dept Earth & Environm, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
[El Maayar, M.] Cyprus Inst, Energy Environm & Water Res Ctr, Nicosia, Cyprus.
[Fischer, M.; Torn, M.] Lawrence Berkley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA 94718 USA.
[Grant, R.] Univ Alberta, Dept Renewable Resources, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E3, Canada.
[Hollinger, D.] US Forest Serv, Northern Res Stn, USDA, Durham, NH 03824 USA.
[Izaurralde, C.] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Izaurralde, C.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Jain, A.] Univ Illinois, Dept Atmospher Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Kucharik, C.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Agron, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Kucharik, C.] Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Inst Ctr Sustainabil & Global Environm, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Li, Z.] Teleobservat Res LLC, Columbia, MD 21044 USA.
[Liu, S.] US Geol Survey, Earth Resources Observat & Sci EROS Ctr, Sioux Falls, SD 57198 USA.
[Li, L.] Univ Technol Sydney, Sch Life Sci, POB 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia.
[Price, D.] Nat Resources Canada, Northern Forestry Ctr, 5320-120 St, Edmonton, AB T6H3S5, Canada.
[Sahoo, A.] Princeton Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, E324 Engn Quad, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA.
[Sprintsin, M.] Jewish Natl Fund Keren Kayemet LeIsrael, Forest Management & GIS Dept, Jerusalem, Israel.
[Suyker, A. E.; Verma, S. B.] Univ Nebraska, Sch Nat Resources, 807 Hardin Hall, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
[Tonitto, C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA.
[Verbeeck, Hans] Univ Ghent, Fac Biosci Engn, CAVElab Computat & Appl Vegetat Ecol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[Xue, Y.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Lokupitiya, E (reprint author), Univ Colombo, Dept Zool & Environm Sci, Fac Sci, Colombo 03, Sri Lanka.
EM erandi@sci.cmb.ac.lk
RI Torn, Margaret/D-2305-2015; Ricciuto, Daniel/I-3659-2016; Jain,
Atul/D-2851-2016;
OI Ricciuto, Daniel/0000-0002-3668-3021; Jain, Atul/0000-0002-4051-3228;
Kucharik, Christopher/0000-0002-0400-758X
FU U.S. Department of Energy (DoE) [DE-FG02-06ER64317, DE-AC02-05CH11231];
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration [NA07OAR4310115]; Office
of Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of
Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231]; Center for Multiscale Modeling of
Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP) [NSF-ATM-0425247]
FX We would like to thank the North American Carbon Program Site-Level
Interim Synthesis team, the Modeling and Synthesis Thematic Data Center,
and the Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distributed Active Archive Center
for collecting, organizing, and distributing the model output and flux
observations required for this analysis. We acknowledge the comments
given by Dr. Andrew Richardson during the initial stages of this
manuscript. This research was partly funded by the U.S. Department of
Energy (DoE; under contract Nos DE-FG02-06ER64317 and DE-AC02-05CH11231)
and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Award
NA07OAR4310115. Data from the US-ARM site was supported by the Office of
Biological and Environmental Research of the U.S. Department of Energy
(under grant or contract DE-AC02-05CH11231) as part of the Atmospheric
Radiation Measurement Program. We also acknowledge the support from the
Center for Multiscale Modeling of Atmospheric Processes (CMMAP;
NSF-ATM-0425247). Any use of trade, firm, or product names is for
descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S.
Government.
NR 72
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 11
U2 13
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0168-2563
EI 1573-515X
J9 BIOGEOCHEMISTRY
JI Biogeochemistry
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 129
IS 1-2
BP 53
EP 76
DI 10.1007/s10533-016-0219-3
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology
GA DT2BY
UT WOS:000381287000004
ER
PT J
AU Lewicki, JL
Caudron, C
van Hinsberg, VJ
Hilley, GE
AF Lewicki, Jennifer L.
Caudron, Corentin
van Hinsberg, Vincent J.
Hilley, George E.
TI High spatio-temporal resolution observations of crater lake temperatures
at Kawah Ijen volcano, East Java, Indonesia
SO BULLETIN OF VOLCANOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Thermal infrared camera; Volcanic lake; Structure-from-Motion; Heat
flux; Kawah Ijen
ID STRUCTURE-FROM-MOTION; HEAT; RUAPEHU; PHOTOGRAMMETRY; ERUPTION; COPAHUE;
POAS
AB The crater lake of Kawah Ijen volcano, East Java, Indonesia, has displayed large and rapid changes in temperature at point locations during periods of unrest, but measurement techniques employed to date have not resolved how the lake's thermal regime has evolved over both space and time. We applied a novel approach for mapping and monitoring variations in crater lake apparent surface ("skin") temperatures at high spatial (similar to 32 cm) and temporal (every 2 min) resolution at Kawah Ijen on 18 September 2014. We used a ground-based FLIR T650sc camera with digital and thermal infrared (TIR) sensors from the crater rim to collect (1) a set of visible imagery around the crater during the daytime and (2) a time series of co-located visible and TIR imagery at one location from pre-dawn to daytime. We processed daytime visible imagery with the Structure-from-Motion photogrammetric method to create a digital elevation model onto which the time series of TIR imagery was orthorectified and georeferenced. Lake apparent skin temperatures typically ranged from similar to 21 to 33 degrees C. At two locations, apparent skin temperatures were similar to 4 and 7 degrees C less than in situ lake temperature measurements at 1.5 and 5-m depth, respectively. These differences, as well as the large spatio-temporal variations observed in skin temperatures, were likely largely associated with atmospheric effects such as the evaporative cooling of the lake surface and infrared absorption by water vapor and SO2. Calculations based on orthorectified TIR imagery thus yielded underestimates of volcanic heat fluxes into the lake, whereas volcanic heat fluxes estimated based on in situ temperature measurements (68 to 111 MW) were likely more representative of Kawah Ijen in a quiescent state. The ground-based imaging technique should provide a valuable tool to continuously monitor crater lake temperatures and contribute insight into the spatio-temporal evolution of these temperatures associated with volcanic activity.
C1 [Lewicki, Jennifer L.] US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Caudron, Corentin] Univ Cambridge, Bullard Labs, Madingley Rd, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England.
[van Hinsberg, Vincent J.] McGill Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, 3450 Univ St, Montreal, PQ H3A 2A7, Canada.
[Hilley, George E.] Stanford Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
RP Lewicki, JL (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 345 Middlefield Rd, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
EM jlewicki@usgs.gov
OI Caudron, Corentin/0000-0002-3748-0007
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0258-8900
EI 1432-0819
J9 B VOLCANOL
JI Bull. Volcanol.
PD AUG
PY 2016
VL 78
IS 8
AR 53
DI 10.1007/s00445-016-1049-9
PG 11
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA DU2BM
UT WOS:000382015800001
ER
EF