FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™
VR 1.0
PT S
AU Brugnach, M
Pahl-Wostl, C
Lindenschmidt, KE
Janssen, JAEB
Filatova, T
Mouton, A
Holtz, G
van der Keur, P
Gaber, N
AF Brugnach, M.
Pahl-Wostl, C.
Lindenschmidt, K. E.
Janssen, J. A. E. B.
Filatova, T.
Mouton, A.
Holtz, G.
van der Keur, P.
Gaber, N.
BE Jakeman, AJ
Voinov, AA
Rizzoli, AE
Chen, SH
TI COMPLEXITY AND UNCERTAINTY: RETHINKING THE MODELLING ACTIVITY
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING, SOFTWARE AND DECISION SUPPORT: STATE OF THE ART
AND NEW PERSPECTIVES
SE Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID INTEGRATED RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; IMPACTS; SYSTEMS; ACTORS
C1 [Brugnach, M.; Pahl-Wostl, C.; Holtz, G.] Univ Osnabruck, Inst Environm Syst Res, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany.
[Lindenschmidt, K. E.] Geoforschungszentrum Potsdam, Sekt 5 4, D-14473 Potsdam, Germany.
[Janssen, J. A. E. B.; Filatova, T.] Univ Twente, Fac Engn Technol, Civil Engn Dept Water Engn & Management, NL-7500 AE Enschede, Netherlands.
[Mouton, A.] Univ Ghent, Dept Environm Biol & Appl Ecol, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
[van der Keur, P.] Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland GEUS, Dept Hydrol, DK-1350 Copenhagen K, Denmark.
[Gaber, N.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Brugnach, M (reprint author), Univ Osnabruck, Inst Environm Syst Res, Barbarastr 12, D-49069 Osnabruck, Germany.
NR 37
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-101X
BN 978-0-08-091530-2
J9 DEV INTEG ENVIRON
PY 2008
VL 3
BP 49
EP 68
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BCO90
UT WOS:000310922300005
ER
PT S
AU Liu, Y
Mahmoud, M
Hartmann, H
Stewart, S
Wagener, T
Semmens, D
Stewart, R
Gupta, H
Dominguez, D
Hulse, D
Letcher, R
Rashleigh, B
Smith, C
Street, R
Ticehurst, J
Twery, M
van Delden, H
White, D
AF Liu, Y.
Mahmoud, M.
Hartmann, H.
Stewart, S.
Wagener, T.
Semmens, D.
Stewart, R.
Gupta, H.
Dominguez, D.
Hulse, D.
Letcher, R.
Rashleigh, B.
Smith, C.
Street, R.
Ticehurst, J.
Twery, M.
van Delden, H.
White, D.
BE Jakeman, AJ
Voinov, AA
Rizzoli, AE
Chen, SH
TI FORMAL SCENARIO DEVELOPMENT FOR ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT STUDIES
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING, SOFTWARE AND DECISION SUPPORT: STATE OF THE ART
AND NEW PERSPECTIVES
SE Developments in Integrated Environmental Assessment
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID UNCERTAINTY; FUTURE; METHODOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; RIVER; LAND; TOOL
C1 [Liu, Y.] NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
[Mahmoud, M.; Stewart, S.; Gupta, H.] Univ Arizona, Dept Hydrol & Water Resources, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.
[Hartmann, H.] Univ Arizona, Arid Lands Informat Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA.
[Wagener, T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Semmens, D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
[Stewart, R.] Univ Tennessee, Inst Environm Modeling, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
[Dominguez, D.] Swiss Fed Inst Aquat Sci & Technol, Eawag, CH-8600 Dubendorf, Switzerland.
[Dominguez, D.] ETH, Inst Environm Engn, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
[Hulse, D.] Univ Oregon, Dept Landscape Architecture 5234, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
[Ticehurst, J.] Australian Natl Univ, Fenner Sch Environm & Soc, Integrated Catchment Assessment & Management Ctr, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia.
[Rashleigh, B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Smith, C.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Anthropol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Street, R.] UKCIP OUCE, Ocford OX1 3QY, England.
[Twery, M.] US Forest Serv, No Res Stn Program, USDA, S Burlington, VT 05403 USA.
[van Delden, H.] RIKS, NL-6200 AL Maastricht, Netherlands.
[White, D.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Liu, Y (reprint author), NOAA, Off Hydrol Dev, Natl Weather Serv, 1325 EW Highway, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA.
RI Gupta, Hoshin/D-1642-2010
OI Gupta, Hoshin/0000-0001-9855-2839
NR 29
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA SARA BURGERHARTSTRAAT 25, PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-101X
BN 978-0-08-091530-2
J9 DEV INTEG ENVIRON
PY 2008
VL 3
BP 145
EP 162
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA BCO90
UT WOS:000310922300010
ER
PT J
AU Daigneault, AJ
Sohngen, B
Sedjo, R
AF Daigneault, Adam J.
Sohngen, Brent
Sedjo, Roger
TI Exchange rates and the competitiveness of the United States timber
sector in a global economy
SO FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE timber supply; timber markets; welfare; competitive advantage;
industrial roundwood production
ID LUMBER TRADE; EXPORTS
AB This article examines the competitiveness of the US timber industry under different exchange rate policies using a dynamic optimization model of global timber markets. Recent exchange rate adjustments by economies that compete with the United States in the timber sector suggest that it is important to consider how future trends in exchange rates may affect roundwood producers in the US that are already facing competitive pressures from abroad due to differences in capital and labor costs, environmental restrictions, and other factors. We assume that exchange rates affect the cost structure of harvesting and managing forests and simulate the model for baseline conditions and six additional real exchange rate policies. Two policies consider a strengthening United States dollar (US $) scenario, two policies examine weak South American currencies, and two scenarios assume a persistently weak US $. The results indicate that US competitiveness in the forestry sector is sensitive both to strong US $ policies and to the weak currency policies pursued by South American governments, as well as a weak dollar policy that is intended to improve the United States' competitiveness in the global timber market and reduce the large trade gap and account deficit. A 20% increase in value of the US $ compared to all other currencies can reduce harvests by 4-7% in the United States over the next 50 years, while a similar reduction in currency values in South America can reduce U.S. production less than 1%. A 20% devaluation of the US $ can increase annual domestic timber harvests by 2-3% and net present value of producer surplus by 3-10%. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Daigneault, Adam J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Sohngen, Brent] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Daigneault, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave,NW MC 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM Daigneault.Adam@epa.gov; Sohngen.l@osu.edu; Sedjo@rff.org
NR 22
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1389-9341
J9 FOREST POLICY ECON
JI Forest Policy Econ.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 3
BP 108
EP 116
DI 10.1016/j.forpol.2007.07.001
PG 9
WC Forestry
SC Forestry
GA 261OR
UT WOS:000253090000003
ER
PT J
AU Bonini, MG
Stadler, K
Chatterjee, S
Dallas, S
Santos, JH
Mason, RP
AF Bonini, Marcelo G.
Stadler, Krisztian
Chatterjee, Saurabh
Dallas, Shannon
Santos, Janine H.
Mason, Ronald P.
TI Mnsod (SOD2) Peroxidase Activity, a Novel Mitochondrial Redox Sensor,
Linking Oxidative Stress and Energetic Metabolism
SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 15th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine
CY NOV 19-23, 2008
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med
C1 [Bonini, Marcelo G.; Stadler, Krisztian; Chatterjee, Saurabh; Dallas, Shannon; Mason, Ronald P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Santos, Janine H.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0891-5849
J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED
JI Free Radic. Biol. Med.
PY 2008
VL 45
SU 1
BP S14
EP S15
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 371YF
UT WOS:000260867900027
ER
PT J
AU Miyakawa, H
Mason, RP
Jiang, JJ
Kadiiska, MB
AF Miyakawa, Hisako
Mason, Ronald P.
Jiang, Jin-Jie
Kadiiska, Maria B.
TI Lipid-Derived Free Radical Production in Superantigen-Induced
Interstitial Pneumonia
SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 15th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine
CY NOV 19-23, 2008
CL Indianapolis, IN
SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med
C1 [Miyakawa, Hisako; Mason, Ronald P.; Jiang, Jin-Jie; Kadiiska, Maria B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0891-5849
J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED
JI Free Radic. Biol. Med.
PY 2008
VL 45
SU 1
BP S47
EP S48
PG 2
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 371YF
UT WOS:000260867900130
ER
PT J
AU Grigorovich, IA
Angradi, TR
Emery, EB
Wooten, MS
AF Grigorovich, Igor A.
Angradi, Ted R.
Emery, Erich B.
Wooten, Matthew S.
TI Invasion of the Upper Mississippi River system by saltwater amphipods
SO FUNDAMENTAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Amphipod; Apocorophium lacustre; Echinogammarus ischnus; Gammarus
tigrinus; Invasive species; Ohio River; Upper Mississippi River
ID MUSSEL DREISSENA-POLYMORPHA; NATIVE GAMMARUS-FASCIATUS; FRESH-WATER
INVASIONS; ECHINOGAMMARUS-ISCHNUS; GREAT-LAKES; OHIO RIVER; PREDATION;
HABITAT; MACROINVERTEBRATES; COMMUNITIES
AB Zoobenthic surveys of the large rivers of the Upper Mississippi River basin (Missouri, Upper Mississippi, and Ohio Rivers) in 2004-2006 revealed new invasions by euryhaline amphipods. The gammarid amphipods Echinogammarus ischnus and Gammarus tigrinus were discovered in the Ohio Upper Mississippi Rivers in 2004. The corophiid amphipod Apocorophium lacustre was first found in the Ohio River in 1996, and first detected in the Upper Mississippi River in 2005. None of these invaders was collected in the Missouri River. The presence of breeding adults of all three species suggests they are permanently established on the Ohio and Upper Mississippi. The range and occurence of all three species increased in the basin from 2004 through 2006. The contribution of the three invaders to total amphipod catch in the Upper Mississippi River increased from <1 % in 2004, to 5.4 % in 2005, and 15.2% in 2006, and in the Ohio River increased from 4.8% in 2004, to > 23 % in 2005 and 2006. The establishment of nonindigenous amphipods will likely contribute to alterations of food webs and native faunal diversity in the invaded rivers.
C1 [Angradi, Ted R.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA.
[Grigorovich, Igor A.] Wilson Environm Labs Inc, Duluth, MN USA.
[Emery, Erich B.] Ohio River Valley Water Sanitat Commiss, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[Wooten, Matthew S.] No Kentucky Sanitat Dist 1, Ft Wright, KY USA.
RP Angradi, TR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN USA.
EM angradi.theodore@epa.gov
NR 44
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 13
PU E SCHWEIZERBARTSCHE VERLAGS
PI STUTTGART
PA NAEGELE U OBERMILLER, SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, JOHANNESSTRASSE 3A, D 70176
STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 1863-9135
J9 FUND APPL LIMNOL
JI Fundam. Appl. Limnol.
PY 2008
VL 173
IS 1
BP 67
EP 77
DI 10.1127/1863-9135/2008/0173-0067
PG 11
WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 386KW
UT WOS:000261883100007
ER
PT S
AU Varma, RS
AF Varma, Rajender S.
BE Tundo, P
Esposito, V
TI 'Greener' organic syntheses under non-traditional conditions using
microwave and ultrasound irradiation and mechanochemical mixing
SO GREEN CHEMICAL REACTIONS
SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on New Organic Chemistry
Reactions and Methodologies for Green Production
CY OCT 29-NOV 10, 2006
CL Lecce, ITALY
SP NATO
DE green chemistry; organic synthesis; solvent-free reactions; microwave
irradiation; ultrasonic irradiation; mechanochemical mixing; aqueous
media
ID SOLVENT-FREE CONDITIONS; SOLID-STATE SYNTHESIS; BETA-KETO SULFONES;
IONIC LIQUIDS; IODOBENZENE DIACETATE; CARBONYL-COMPOUNDS; AQUEOUS-MEDIA;
ALKYL AZIDES; NUCLEOPHILIC-SUBSTITUTION; PHTHALAZINE DERIVATIVES
AB Solvent-free mechanochemical methods that involve the use of hypervalent iodine reagents at room temperature are described for the synthesis of heterocyclic entities and conversion of ketones into (beta-keto sulfones in high yields. A solvent-free approach that involves microwave (MW) exposure of neat reactants (undiluted) catalyzed by the surfaces of less-expensive and recyclable mineral supports such as alumina, silica, clay, or 'doped' surfaces is presented; it is applicable to a wide range of cleavage, condensation, cyclization, rearrangement, oxidation, and reduction reactions, including rapid one-pot assembly of heterocyclic compounds from in situ generated reactive intermediates. The strategy is adaptable to multicomponent reactions, e.g. Ugi and Biginelli reactions, for rapid assembly of a library of compounds. Synthesis of a wide variety of significant precursors and intermediates, namely enones, imines, enamines, nitroalkenes, and oxidized sulfur species, is possible and their value in concise MW synthesis of 2-aroylbenzofurans and thiazole derivatives is illustrated. Ultrasound and MW-assisted solventless preparation of ionic liquids and their application in alkylation and metal-catalyzed multi-component reactions is described. Efficient reaction of epoxides with carbon dioxide (CO2) provides ready access to cyclic carbonates using only a catalytic amount of recyclable indium-based ionic liquid. MW heating in aqueous reaction media enables expeditious N-alkylation reactions of amines and hydrazines to afford a series of heterocyclic ring systems, such as N-azacycloalkanes, 4,5-dihydropyrazoles, and pyrazolidines. A general and expeditious MW-enhanced nucleophilic substitution approach uses easily accessible starting materials, such as halides or tosylates, in reaction with alkali azides, thiocyanates, or sulfinates in the absence of any phase transfer catalyst to produce azides, thiocyanates, and sulfones, respectively, wherein a variety of reactive functional groups are tolerated.
C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
NR 59
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 24
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8456-0
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2008
BP 155
EP 171
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8457-7_7
PG 17
WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA BHV67
UT WOS:000256865800007
ER
PT J
AU Nadagouda, MN
Varma, RS
AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Green synthesis of silver and palladium nanoparticles at room
temperature using coffee and tea extract
SO GREEN CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID GOLD; NANORODS; NANOCOMPOSITES; NANOCRYSTALS; GROWTH; BULK; OIL; AG
AB An extremely simple green approach that generates bulk quantities of nanocrystals of noble metals such as silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd) using coffee and tea extract at room temperature is described. The single-pot method uses no surfactant, capping agent, and/or template. The obtained nanoparticles are in the size range of 20-60 nm and crystallized in face centered cubic symmetry. The method is general and may be extended to other noble metals such as gold (Au) and platinum (Pt).
C1 [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Nadagouda, MN (reprint author), Pegasus Tech Services, 46 E Hollister St, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
NR 27
TC 230
Z9 231
U1 12
U2 108
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9262
J9 GREEN CHEM
JI Green Chem.
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 8
BP 859
EP 862
DI 10.1039/b804703k
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 331UN
UT WOS:000258038200007
ER
PT J
AU Varma, RS
AF Varma, Rajender S.
TI Chemical activation by mechanochemical mixing, microwave and ultrasonic
irradiation
SO GREEN CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SOLVENT-FREE CONDITIONS; BETA-KETO SULFONES; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS;
EXPEDITIOUS SYNTHESIS; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL; SUPPORTED REAGENTS; REACTION
MEDIA; GREEN; CHEMISTRY; CATALYST
C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov
NR 29
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 9
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1463-9262
J9 GREEN CHEM
JI Green Chem.
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 11
BP 1129
EP 1130
DI 10.1039/b817559b
PG 2
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 365LS
UT WOS:000260408700001
ER
PT J
AU Field, MS
AF Field, Malcolm S.
TI Calculation of elapsed decimal time for tracing studies
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID JULIAN PERIOD; ORIGIN
AB Calculation of time of travel from tracing studies in hydrologic systems is critical to establishing pollutant arrival times from points of inflow to points outflow, calculating subsurface flow velocities, and determining other important transport parameters such as longitudinal dispersion. In addition, breakthrough curve modeling demands accurate time of travel calculations if model results are to have any realistic meaning. However, accurate time of travel calculations are very difficult for long tracer tests in which sampling schedules are not consistent, or when there are major disruptions such as may occur when adverse weather conditions cause automatic sampling equipment to fail. Long and inconsistent sampling times may be accurately converted to decimal times of travel by converting the conventionally recorded Coordinated Universal Time for sampling date and time event to a baseline time standard. By converting to a baseline time standard, all recorded dates and times are linked to the established baseline standard so that each succeeding sampling date and time are correctly determined relative to the previous sampling date and time and to the injection date and time.
C1 [Field, Malcolm S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Field, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM field.malcolm@epa.gov
OI Field, Malcolm/0000-0002-8350-417X
NR 10
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 1
BP 156
EP 159
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2007.00400.x
PG 4
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 244IX
UT WOS:000251860700019
PM 18181874
ER
PT J
AU Li, HL
Boufadel, MC
Weaver, JW
AF Li, Hailong
Boufadel, Michel C.
Weaver, James W.
TI Quantifying Bank Storage of Variably Saturated Aquifers
SO GROUND WATER
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLUTE TRANSPORT; HYPORHEIC ZONE; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY;
NUMERICAL-SOLUTION; RESPONSE FUNCTIONS; TRANSIENT STORAGE; STREAM-STAGE;
STEADY-STATE; FLOW; SIMULATION
AB Numerical simulations were conducted to quantify bank storage in a variably saturated, homogenous, and anisotropic aquifer abutting a stream during rising stream stage. Seepage faces and bank slopes ranging from 1/3 to 100/3 were simulated. The initial conditions were assumed steady-state flow with water draining toward the stream. Then, the stream level rose at a constant rate to the specified elevation of the water table given by the landward boundary condition and stayed there until the system reached a new steady state. This represents a highly simplified version of a real world hydrograph. For the specific examples considered, the following conclusions can be made. The volume of surface water entering the bank increased with the rate of stream level rise, became negligible when the rate of rise was slow, and approached a positive constant when the rate was large. Also, the volume decreased with the dimensionless parameter M (the product of the anisotropy ratio and the square of the domain's aspect ratio). When M was large (> 10), bank storage was small because most pore space was initially saturated with ground water due to the presence of a significant seepage face. When M was small, the seepage face became insignificant and capillarity began to play a role. The weaker the capillary effect, the easier for surface water to enter the bank. The effect of the capillary forces on the volume of surface water entering the bank was significant and could not be neglected.
C1 [Li, Hailong; Boufadel, Michel C.] Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Weaver, James W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Li, Hailong] China Univ Geosci, Sch Environm Studies, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
[Li, Hailong] China Univ Geosci, MOE & Biogeol & Environm Geol Lab, Wuhan 430074, Peoples R China.
RP Boufadel, MC (reprint author), Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 1947 N 12th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
EM hailong@temple.edu; boufadel@temple.edu; weaver.jim@epamail.epa.gov
RI Li, Hailong/H-8484-2013
OI Li, Hailong/0000-0002-2894-0817
FU U. S. Department of Agriculture [PENR-003-01280]; National Natural
Science Foundation of China [40672167]
FX Funding for this work was provided by the U. S. Department of
Agriculture under Grant PENR-003-01280. This research is also partially
supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.
40672167). However, no official endorsement from any funding source
should be inferred. Comments from two anonymous reviewers were helpful
in revising the article.
NR 38
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 7
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0017-467X
J9 GROUND WATER
JI Ground Water
PY 2008
VL 46
IS 6
BP 841
EP 850
DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2008.00475.x
PG 10
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Geology; Water Resources
GA 364LB
UT WOS:000260336100012
PM 18657116
ER
PT B
AU Daniels, JJ
Vendl, M
Ehsani, MR
Allred, BJ
AF Daniels, Jeffrey J.
Vendl, Mark
Ehsani, M. Reza
Allred, Barry J.
BE Allred, BJ
Daniels, JJ
Ehsani, MR
TI Electromagnetic Induction Methods
SO HANDBOOK OF AGRICULTURAL GEOPHYSICS
SE Books in Soils Plants and the Environment
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Daniels, Jeffrey J.] Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Daniels, Jeffrey J.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Ehsani, M. Reza] Univ Florida, Inst Food & Agr Sci, Ctr Citrus Res & Educ, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
[Ehsani, M. Reza; Allred, Barry J.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Food Agr & Biol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Allred, Barry J.] ARS, USDA, Soil Drainage Res Unit, Columbus, OH USA.
[Vendl, Mark] US EPA, Chicago, IL USA.
RP Daniels, JJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
NR 11
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 0
PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP
PI BOCA RATON
PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA
BN 978-0-8493-3728-4
J9 BOOKS SOIL PLANT ENV
PY 2008
BP 109
EP 128
PG 20
WC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Soil Science
SC Plant Sciences; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture
GA BKI52
UT WOS:000268213600006
ER
PT J
AU Paul, JF
McDonald, ME
Hedtke, SF
AF Paul, John F.
McDonald, Michael E.
Hedtke, Steven F.
TI Stream condition and infant mortality in US mid-atlantic states
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE stream condition; infant mortality; conditional probability; public
health; ecological condition; statistical analysis
ID AIR-POLLUTION; DRINKING-WATER; CONFIDENCE-INTERVALS; METHEMOGLOBINEMIA;
NITRATES; QUALITY; GROUNDWATER; INDICATORS; CALIFORNIA; CHEMICALS
AB Infant mortality rate (IMR) serves as a summary measure of the health of a nation's population. The U.S. IMR has declined over the past several decades (to 6.85 per 1000 in 2003), but remains high compared with other developed countries. We hypothesized a relationship between IMR and poor water quality at a local scale. We used degraded stream condition, represented by a multimetric index of biotic condition, as a metric for poor water quality. Using conditional probability analysis on county-aggregated data for the state of Maryland, we show that there is a significant association between the extent of a county's stream miles in poor ecological condition and the probability of a county's IMR exceeding the national norm. The overall relationship appears to be robust, as similar associations were also found for the states of West Virginia and Pennsylvania. We are not implying that IMR and degraded stream condition are directly causally related, but rather that there may be common factors that affect both of them. We hypothesize that attributes and activities at the county scale (e.g., socioeconomic conditions, land use, human activities) may contribute to both stream degradation and increased IMR.
C1 [Paul, John F.; McDonald, Michael E.; Hedtke, Steven F.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Paul, JF (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, RTP,Mail Code B343-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM paul.john@epa.gov
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
EI 1549-7860
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 4
BP 728
EP 741
DI 10.1080/10807030802235144
PG 14
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 331GR
UT WOS:000258001200005
ER
PT J
AU Efroymson, RA
Peterson, MJ
Jones, DS
Suter, GW
AF Efroymson, Rebecca A.
Peterson, Mark J.
Jones, Daniel S.
Suter, Glenn W., II
TI The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground:
Introduction and Problem Formulation for a Multiple Stressor Risk
Assessment
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE problem formulation; military; ecological risk assessment; Sonoran
desert; mule deer; desert wash
ID DESERT MULE DEER; ALTITUDE AIRCRAFT OVERFLIGHTS; ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK;
MILITARY MANEUVERS; ECOLOGICAL RISKS; MOJAVE DESERT; HABITAT USE;
LANDSCAPES
AB An ecological risk assessment was conducted at Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona, as a demonstration of the Military Ecological Risk Assessment Framework (MERAF). The focus of the assessment was a testing program at the Cibola Range, which involved an Apache Longbow helicopter firing Hellfire missiles at moving targets, that is, M60-A1 tanks. The problem formulation for the assessment included conceptual models for three component activities of the test, helicopter overflight, missile firing, and tracked vehicle movement, and two ecological endpoint entities, woody desert wash communities and desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus crooki) populations. An activity-specific risk assessment framework was available to provide guidance for assessing risks associated with aircraft overflights. Key environmental features of the assessment area include barren desert pavement and tree-lined desert washes. The primary stressors associated with helicopter overflights were sound and the view of the aircraft. The primary stressor associated with Hellfire missile firing was sound. The principal stressor associated with tracked vehicle movement was soil disturbance, and a resulting, secondary stressor was hydrological change. Water loss to desert washes and wash vegetation was expected to result from increased ponding, infiltration, and/or evaporation associated with disturbances to desert pavement. A plan for estimating integrated risks from the three military activities was included in the problem formulation.
C1 [Efroymson, Rebecca A.; Peterson, Mark J.; Jones, Daniel S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Suter, Glenn W., II] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov
OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X
FU U. S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This article has been authored by a contractor of the U. S. Government
under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U. S. Government
retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S.
Government purposes.
NR 34
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 5
BP 854
EP 870
DI 10.1080/10807030802387457
PG 17
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 378QC
UT WOS:000261338000002
ER
PT J
AU Efroymson, RA
Hargrove, WW
Suter, GW
AF Efroymson, Rebecca A.
Hargrove, William W.
Suter, Glenn W., II
TI The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground:
Ecological Risk Assessment for Helicopter Overflight
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE ecological risk assessment; aircraft overflight; mule deer; noise;
noise; contour; sound
ID ALTITUDE AIRCRAFT OVERFLIGHTS; MULE DEER; ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK; MOUNTAIN
SHEEP; RESPONSES; CARIBOU
AB A multi-stressor risk assessment was conducted at Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona, as a demonstration of the Military Ecological Risk Assessment Framework. The focus of the assessment was a testing program at Cibola Range, which involved an Apache Longbow helicopter firing Hellfire missiles at moving targets, that is, M60-A1 tanks. This article focuses on the wildlife risk assessment for the helicopter overflight. The primary stressors were sound and the view of the aircraft. Exposure to desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus crooki) was quantified using Air Force sound contour programs NOISEMAP and MR NMAP, which gave very different results. Slant distance from helicopters to deer was also used as a measure of exposure that integrated risk from sound and view of the aircraft. Exposure-response models for the characterization of effects consisted of behavioral thresholds in sound exposure level or maximum sound level units or slant distance. Available sound thresholds were limited for desert mule deer, but a distribution of slant-distance thresholds was available for ungulates. The risk characterization used a weight-of-evidence approach and concluded that risk to mule deer behavior from the Apache overflight is uncertain, but that no risk to mule deer abundance and reproduction is expected.
C1 [Efroymson, Rebecca A.; Hargrove, William W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Suter, Glenn W., II] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov
OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X
FU U. S. Government [DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This article has been authored by a contractor of the U. S. Government
under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. Accordingly, the U. S. Government
retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the
published form of this contribution, or allow others to do so, for U. S.
Government purposes.
NR 31
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
EI 1549-7860
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 5
BP 871
EP 897
DI 10.1080/10807030802387481
PG 27
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 378QC
UT WOS:000261338000003
ER
PT J
AU Jones, DS
Efroymson, RA
Hargrove, WW
Suter, GW
Pater, LL
AF Jones, Daniel S.
Efroymson, Rebecca A.
Hargrove, William W.
Suter, Glenn W., II
Pater, Larry L.
TI The Apache Longbow-Hellfire Missile Test at Yuma Proving Ground:
Ecological Risk Assessment for Missile Firing
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE ecological risk assessment; impulsive sound; blast noise; missile; mule
deer; Sonoran desert; military
ID MILITARY
AB A multiple stressor risk assessment was conducted at Yuma Proving Ground, Arizona, as a demonstration of the Military Ecological Risk Assessment Framework. The focus was a testing program at Cibola Range, which involved an Apache Longbow helicopter firing Hellfire missiles at moving targets, that is, M60-A1 tanks. This article describes the ecological risk assessment for the missile launch and detonation. The primary stressor associated with this activity was sound. Other minor stressors included the detonation impact, shrapnel, and fire. Exposure to desert mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus crooki) was quantified using the Army sound contour program BNOISE2, as well as distances from the explosion to deer. Few effects data were available from related studies. Exposure-response models for the characterization of effects consisted of human "disturbance" and hearing damage thresholds in units of C-weighted decibels (sound exposure level) and a distance-based No-Observed-Adverse-Effects Level for moose and cannonfire. The risk characterization used a weight-of-evidence approach and concluded that risk to mule deer behavior from the missile firing was likely for a negligible number of deer, but that no risk to mule deer abundance and reproduction is expected.
C1 [Jones, Daniel S.; Efroymson, Rebecca A.; Hargrove, William W.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Suter, Glenn W., II] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Pater, Larry L.] USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61824 USA.
RP Efroymson, RA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
EM efroymsonra@ornl.gov
OI Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X
FU U. S. Department of Defense Strategic Environmental Research and
Development Program (SERDP) [CS-1054]; A Risk Assessment Framework for
Natural Resources on Military Training and Testing Lands; Oak Ridge
National Laboratory (ORNL); UT-Battelle; LLC; U. S. Department of Energy
[DE-AC05-00OR22725]
FX This research was funded by a contract from the U. S. Department of
Defense Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (SERDP)
project CS-1054, A Risk Assessment Framework for Natural Resources on
Military Training and Testing Lands, to Oak Ridge National Laboratory
(ORNL), which is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, for the U. S. Department
of Energy under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725. We thank Bob Holst and John
Hall for serving as project sponsors and Winifred Hodge Rose and Keturah
Reinbold of the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers Construction Engineering
Research Laboratory (CERL) for serving as Co-Principal Investigators. We
also acknowledge the contributors of data, guidance, manuals,
programming advice, text reviews, activity descriptions, and other
assistance: Valerie Morrill, Chuck Botdorf, and Junior Kerns from YPG
Environmental Sciences Division; Sergio Obregon, David McIntyre, and
Bruce Goff from Jason & Associates, YPG Office; Rick Douglas and Bert
Evans from YPG Aviation and Airdrop Systems; Dick Gebhart and Kim
Majerus from CERL; Todd Kuiken, Paul Hanson, and Robert Washington-Allen
from ORNL; and Catherine Stewart from the U. S. Army Center for Health
Promotion and Preventive Medicine.
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PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
EI 1549-7860
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 5
BP 898
EP 918
DI 10.1080/10807030802387507
PG 21
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 378QC
UT WOS:000261338000004
ER
PT J
AU Kahn, H
Stralka, K
AF Kahn, Henry D.
Stralka, Kathleen
TI Estimates of Water Ingestion for Women in Pregnant, Lactating, and
Non-Pregnant and Non-Lactating Child-Bearing Age Groups Based on USDA's
1994-96, 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE water ingestion; risk assessment; pregnant and lactating women; CSFII
data
AB Women in the child-bearing age of 15 to 44 years and, in particular, pregnant and lactating women in this age cohort are considered a sensitive subpopulation when assessing risk from ingestion of water because water borne contaminants may pose a risk not only to the mother but to the fetus or infant. This article presents estimates of daily average per capita water ingestion for women of child-bearing age and in three subgroups: pregnant, lactating, and non-pregnant/non-lactating women. Estimates of means and upper percentiles of subgroup ingestion distributions were generated using participant responses and survey weights from the United States Department of Agriculture's (USDA) 1994-96 and 1998 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals (CSFII). The ingestion estimates are empirical and not based on an assumed parametric distribution of daily average amount of water ingestion. Water occurring naturally in foods or added by manufacturers to commercial products is not included in the estimates presented. These estimates of water ingestion by women of child-bearing age are compared to those attributed to Ershow and Cantor (1989) by Burmaster (1998). These estimates, based on data collected in 1978, were used by Burmaster to characterize the distribution of daily average per capita ingestion as lognormal. The lognormal estimates of total water ingestion are generally greater than the total water ingestion estimates based on the CSFII data. Possible explanations for the differences are discussed.
C1 [Kahn, Henry D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC USA.
[Stralka, Kathleen] Sci Applicat Int Corp, Falls Church, VA USA.
RP Kahn, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, MC 8623P, Washington, DC USA.
EM kahn.henry@epa.gov
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PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PY 2008
VL 14
IS 6
BP 1273
EP 1290
AR PII 906308146
DI 10.1080/10807030802494618
PG 18
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 378QD
UT WOS:000261338100010
ER
PT J
AU Sint, T
Donohue, JF
Ghio, AJ
AF Sint, Thaw
Donohue, James F.
Ghio, Andrew J.
TI Ambient air pollution particles and the acute exacerbation of chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CASE-CROSSOVER ANALYSIS; HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS; DAILY MORTALITY;
RESPIRATORY-DISEASES; TERM EXPOSURE; TIME-SERIES; CITIES; LUNG;
ASSOCIATION; SHANGHAI
AB Investigation has repeatedly demonstrated an association between exposure to ambient air pollution particles and numerous indices of human morbidity and mortality. Individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are among those with an increased sensitivity to air pollution particles. Current and ex-smokers account for 80 to 85% of all those with COPD. The human breathing in an urban site with a significant level of particulate matter (PM) may be exposed to 720 mu g daily. A single cigarette introduces 15,000 to 40,000 mu g particle into the respiratory tract of the smoker. It is subsequently confounding why such a relatively small mass of airborne PM should have any biological effect in the patient with COPD, as these individuals are repeatedly exposed to particles (with a similar size and composition) at perhaps a thousandfold the mass of ambient PM. Regarding this increased sensitivity of COPD patients to air pollution particles, there are several possible explanations for this seeming contradiction, including correlations of PM levels with other components of air pollution, an accumulation of multiple independent risk factors in a patient, changes in individual activity patterns, disparities in dosimetry between healthy subjects and COPD patients, and some unique characteristic of an ambient air pollution PM. Regardless of the underlying mechanism for the increased sensitivity of COPD patients, exposures of these individuals to elevated levels of PM should be discouraged. To provide a greater awareness of PM levels, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency now includes levels of air pollution particles in an air quality index.
C1 [Sint, Thaw; Donohue, James F.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Ghio, AJ (reprint author), US EPA, Human Studies Div, Campus Box 7315,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM ghio.andy@epa.gov
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U1 2
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 1
BP 25
EP 29
DI 10.1080/08958370701758759
PG 5
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 286BW
UT WOS:000254821400004
PM 18236218
ER
PT J
AU Ayres, JG
Borm, P
Cassee, FR
Castranova, V
Donaldson, K
Ghio, A
Harrison, RM
Hider, R
Kelly, F
Kooter, IM
Marano, F
Maynard, RL
Mudway, I
Nel, A
Sioutas, C
Smith, S
Baeza-Squiban, A
Cho, A
Duggan, S
Froines, J
AF Ayres, Jon G.
Borm, Paul
Cassee, Flemming R.
Castranova, Vincent
Donaldson, Ken
Ghio, Andy
Harrison, Roy M.
Hider, Robert
Kelly, Frank
Kooter, Ingeborg M.
Marano, Francelyne
Maynard, Robert L.
Mudway, Ian
Nel, Andre
Sioutas, Constantinos
Smith, Steve
Baeza-Squiban, Armelle
Cho, Art
Duggan, Sean
Froines, John
TI Evaluating the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles
by measuring oxidative stress potential - A workshop report and
consensus statement
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; BRONCHOALVEOLAR
LAVAGE FLUID; COARSE AMBIENT PARTICLES; ENRICHMENT SYSTEM VACES;
FREE-RADICAL ACTIVITY; SIMULTANEOUS IN-VIVO; AIR-POLLUTION
AB Background: There is a strong need for laboratory in vitro test systems for the toxicity of airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles. The measurement of oxidative stress potential offers a promising way forward. Objectives: A workshop was convened involving leading workers from the field in order to review the available test methods and to generate a Consensus Statement. Discussions: Workshop participants summarised their own research activities as well as discussion the relative merits of different test methods. Conclusions: In vitro test methods have an important role to play in the screening of toxicity in airborne particulate matter and nanoparticles. In vitro cell challenges were preferable to in vitro acellular systems but both have a potential major role to play and offer large cost advantages relative to human or animal inhalation studies and animal in vivo installation experiments. There remains a need to compare tests one with another on standardised samples and also to establish a correlation with the results of population-based epidemiology.
C1 [Harrison, Roy M.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
[Ayres, Jon G.] Liberty Safe Work Res Ctr, Aberdeen, Scotland.
[Cassee, Flemming R.] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[Castranova, Vincent] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Donaldson, Ken] Queens Med Res Inst, Ctr Inflammt Res, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland.
[Ghio, Andy] US EPA, Human Studies Facil, Clin Res Branch, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Hider, Robert] Kings Coll London, Sch Biomed & Hlth Sci, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Kooter, Ingeborg M.] Ctr Environm Hlth Res MGO, Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, Dept Inhalat Toxicol, Bilthoven, Netherlands.
[Marano, Francelyne] Lab Cytophysiol & Toxicol Cellulaire, Paris, France.
[Maynard, Robert L.] Ctr Radiat Chem & Environm Hazards, Chem Hazards & Poisons Div, Hlth Protect Agcy, Chilton Didcot, Oxon, England.
[Mudway, Ian; Duggan, Sean] Sch Biomed & Hlth Sci, London, England.
[Nel, Andre; Cho, Art; Froines, John] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
[Sioutas, Constantinos] Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Smith, Steve] Kings Coll London, Dept Life Sci, London WC2R 2LS, England.
[Baeza-Squiban, Armelle] Lab Cytophysiol & Toxicol Cellulaire, Paris, France.
RP Harrison, RM (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Sch Geog Earth & Environm Sci, Div Environm Hlth & Risk Management, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
EM r.m.harrison@bham.ac.uk
RI Harrison, Roy/A-2256-2008; Kelly, Frank/C-6125-2009; Nel,
Andre/J-2808-2012
OI Harrison, Roy/0000-0002-2684-5226; Kelly, Frank/0000-0003-2558-8392;
NR 124
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U1 15
U2 83
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 1
BP 75
EP 99
DI 10.1080/08958370701665517
PG 25
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 286BW
UT WOS:000254821400011
PM 18236225
ER
PT J
AU Teeguarden, JG
Bogdanffy, MS
Covington, TR
Tan, C
Jarabek, AM
AF Teeguarden, Justin G.
Bogdanffy, Matthew S.
Covington, Tammie R.
Tan, Cecilia
Jarabek, Annie M.
TI A PBPK model for evaluating the impact of aldehyde dehydrogenase
polymorphisms on comparative rat and human nasal tissue acetaldehyde
dosimetry
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; INSPIRATORY AIR-FLOW; MUCOSAL BLOOD-FLOW;
INHALATION TOXICITY; VINYL-ACETATE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; RESPIRATORY-TRACT;
HUMAN NOSE; METABOLISM; VAPOR
AB Acetaldehyde is an important intermediate in the chemical synthesis and normal oxidative metabolism of several industrially important compounds, including ethanol, ethyl acetate, and vinyl acetate. Chronic inhalation of acetaldehyde leads to degeneration of the olfactory and respiratory epithelium in rats at concentrations >50 ppm (90 day exposure) and respiratory and olfactory nasal tumors at concentrations >= 750 ppm, the lowest concentration tested in the 2-yr chronic bioassay. Differences in the anatomy and biochemistry of the rodent and human nose, including polymorphisms in human high-affinity acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2), are important considerations for interspecies extrapolations in the risk assessment of acetaldehyde. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model of rat and human nasal tissues was constructed for acetaldehyde to support a dosimetry-based risk assessment for acetaldehyde (Dorman et al., 2008). The rodent model was developed using published metabolic constants and calibrated using upper-respiratory-tract acetaldehyde extraction data. The human nasal model incorporates previously published tissue volumes, blood flows, and acetaldehyde metabolic constants. ALDH2 polymorphisms were represented in the human model as reduced rates of acetaldehyde metabolism. Steady-state dorsal olfactory epithelial tissue acetaldehyde concentrations in the rat were predicted to be 409, 6287, and 12,634 mu M at noncytotoxic (50 ppm), and cytotoxic/tumorigenic exposure concentrations (750 and 1500 ppm), respectively. The human equivalent concentration (HEC) of the rat no-observed-adverse-effect level (NOAEL) of 50 ppm, based on steady-state acetaldehyde concentrations from continual exposures, was 67 ppm. Respiratory and olfactory epithelial tissue acetaldehyde and H+ (pH) concentrations were largely linear functions of exposure in both species. The impact of presumed ALDH2 polymorphisms on human olfactory tissue concentrations was negligible; the high-affinity, low-capacity ALDH2 does not contribute significantly to acetaldehyde metabolism in the nasal tissues. The human equivalent acetaldehyde concentration for homozygous low activity was 66 ppm, 1.5% lower than for the homozygous full activity phenotype. The rat and human acetaldehyde PBPK models developed here can also be used as a bridge between acetaldehyde dose-response and mode-of-action data as well as between similar databases for other acetaldehyde-producing nasal toxicants.
C1 [Teeguarden, Justin G.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Bogdanffy, Matthew S.] Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceut Inc, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA.
[Covington, Tammie R.] USAF, Res Lab, Dayton, OH USA.
[Tan, Cecilia] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth Effects Res Lab, Expt Toxicol Div,Pharmacokinet Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Teeguarden, JG (reprint author), Pacific NW Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd,P7-56, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
EM justin.teeguarden@pnl.gov
OI Teeguarden, Justin/0000-0003-3817-4391
NR 39
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U1 1
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 4
BP 375
EP 390
DI 10.1080/08958370801903750
PG 16
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 269IN
UT WOS:000253642800002
PM 18302046
ER
PT J
AU Gilmour, MI
Duvall, RM
Devlin, RB
Gordon, T
AF Gilmour, M. Ian
Duvall, Rachelle M.
Devlin, Robert B.
Gordon, Terry
TI Comments on Gilmour et al., "Comparative Toxicity of Size-Fractionated
Airborne Particulate Matter" - Reply
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Gilmour, M. Ian; Duvall, Rachelle M.; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Gordon, Terry] NYU, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA.
RP Gilmour, MI (reprint author), US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 2
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U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 4
BP 459
EP 459
DI 10.1080/08958370801904469
PG 1
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 269IN
UT WOS:000253642800010
ER
PT J
AU Gottipolu, RR
Landa, ER
Schladweiler, MC
Mcgee, JK
Ledbetter, AD
Richards, JH
Wallenborn, GJ
Kodavanti, UP
AF Gottipolu, Reddy R.
Landa, Edward R.
Schladweiler, Mette C.
McGee, John K.
Ledbetter, Allen D.
Richards, Judy H.
Wallenborn, Grace J.
Kodavanti, Urmila P.
TI Cardiopulmonary responses of intratracheally instilled tire particles
and constituent metal components
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OIL FLY-ASH; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; PULMONARY ZINC EXPOSURE; ACUTE
LUNG INJURY; MITOCHONDRIAL ACONITASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ORGANIC AEROSOL; SOLUBLE METALS; RAT STRAINS
AB Tire and brake wear particles contain transition metals, and contribute to near-road PM. We hypothesized that acute cardiopulmonary injury from respirable tire particles (TP) will depend on the amount of soluble metals. Respirable fractions of two types of TP (TP1 and TP2) were analyzed for water and acid-leachable metals using ICP-AES. Both TP types contained a variety of transition metals, including zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), aluminum, and iron. Zn and Cu were detected at high levels in water-soluble fractions (TP2 TP1). Male Wistar Kyoto rats (12-14 wk) were intratracheally instilled, in the first study, with saline, TP1 or TP2 (5 mg/kg), and in the second study, with soluble Zn, Cu (0.5 mol/kg), or both. Pulmonary toxicity and cardiac mitochondrial enzymes were analyzed 1 d, 1 wk, or 4 wk later for TP and 4 or 24 h later for metals. Increases in lavage fluid markers of inflammation and injury were observed at d 1 (TP2 TP1), but these changes reversed by wk 1. No effects on cardiac enzymes were noted with either TP. Exposure of rats to soluble Zn and Cu caused marked pulmonary inflammation and injury but temporal differences were apparent (Cu effects peaked at 4 h and Zn at 24 h). Instillation of Zn, Cu, and Zn+ Cu decreased the activity of cardiac aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, cytochrome-c-oxidase and superoxide dismutase suggesting mitochondrial oxidative stress. The observed acute pulmonary toxicity of TP could be due to the presence of water soluble Zn and Cu. At high concentrations these metals may induce cardiac oxidative stress.
C1 [Schladweiler, Mette C.; McGee, John K.; Ledbetter, Allen D.; Richards, Judy H.; Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Pulm Toxicol Branch, Expt Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Gottipolu, Reddy R.] US EPA, Natl Res Council, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Landa, Edward R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 22092 USA.
[Wallenborn, Grace J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Kodavanti, UP (reprint author), US EPA, Pulm Toxicol Branch, Expt Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD V143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM kodavanti.urmila@epa.gov
NR 62
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 3
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 5
BP 473
EP 484
DI 10.1080/08958370701858427
PG 12
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 279ZS
UT WOS:000254395300002
PM 18368618
ER
PT J
AU Gong, H
Linn, WS
Clark, KW
Anderson, KR
Sioutas, C
Alexis, NE
Cascio, WE
Devlin, RB
AF Gong, Henry, Jr.
Linn, William S.
Clark, Kenneth W.
Anderson, Karen R.
Sioutas, Constantinos
Alexis, Neil E.
Cascio, Wayne E.
Devlin, Robert B.
TI Exposures of healthy and asthmatic volunteers to concentrated ambient
ultrafine particles in los angeles
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; OXIDE PARTICLES; FINE
PARTICLES; INDUCED SPUTUM; MAJOR HIGHWAY; INHALATION; MATTER; COARSE;
ADULTS
AB Adult volunteers (17 healthy, 14 asthmatic) were exposed in a controlled environmental chamber to concentrated ultrafine particles (UFP) collected in a Los Angeles suburb with substantial motor vehicle pollution. Exposures lasted 2 h with intermittent exercise. Inhaled particle counts (mean 145,000/cm3, range 39,000-312,000) were typically 7-8 times higher than ambient levels. Mass concentrations (mean 100 mu g/m(3), range 13-277) were not highly correlated with counts. Volunteers were evaluated for lung function, symptoms, exhaled nitric oxide (eNO), Holter electrocardiography, and inflammatory markers in peripheral blood and induced sputum. Relative to control (filtered air) studies, UFP exposures were associated with a 0.5% mean fall in arterial O(2) saturation estimated by pulse oximetry (p < .01), a 2% mean fall in forced expired volume in 1 sec (FEV(1)) the morning after exposure (p < .05), and a transient slight decrease in low-frequency (sympathetic) power in Holter recordings during quiet rest (p < .05). Healthy and asthmatic subjects were not significantly different across most endpoints. Thus, this initial experimental study of human volunteers exposed to concentrated Los Angeles area ambient UFP showed some acute deleterious cardiopulmonary responses, which, although generally small and equivocal as in previous studies of larger sized concentrated ambient particles, might help to explain reported adverse health effects associated with urban particulate pollution.
C1 Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA.
[Clark, Kenneth W.; Anderson, Karen R.] Los Amigos Res & Educ Inst, Downey, CA USA.
[Sioutas, Constantinos] Univ So Calif, Viterbi Sch Engn, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Alexis, Neil E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Cascio, Wayne E.] E Carolina Univ, Brody Sch Med, Greenville, NC USA.
[Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Linn, WS (reprint author), Environm Hlth Serv, MSB 51,Rancho Los Amigos NRC,76001 E Imperial Hig, Downey, CA 90242 USA.
EM linn@usc.edu
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5P30ES07048]
NR 44
TC 52
Z9 53
U1 0
U2 9
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 6
BP 533
EP 545
DI 10.1080/08958370801911340
PG 13
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 293YE
UT WOS:000255370500001
PM 18444007
ER
PT J
AU Yu, B
Kodavanti, UP
Takeuchi, M
Witschi, H
Pinkerton, KE
AF Yu, Bei
Kodavanti, Urmila P.
Takeuchi, Minoru
Witschi, Hanspeter
Pinkerton, Kent E.
TI Acute tobacco smoke-induced airways inflammation in spontaneously
hypertensive rats
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; SOLUBLE EPOXIDE
HYDROLASE; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; PARTICULATE MATTER; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
ANIMAL-MODELS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CELL APOPTOSIS; GUINEA-PIG
AB Common laboratory rats and mice fail to develop persistent, progressive pulmonary inflammation found in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a result of tobacco smoke exposure. We hypothesized that spontaneously hypertensive rats would be more susceptible than normal Wistar Kyoto rats to acute tobacco smoke-induced pulmonary inflammation due to impaired apoptosis. Spontaneously hypertensive rats display systemic oxidative stress, inflammation, hypercoagulation, and immunosupression, similar to humans with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Male spontaneously hypertensive rats and Wistar Kyoto rats were exposed whole-body to tobacco smoke (total particulate concentration 75-85 mg/m(3)) or filtered air for 6 h/day for 2 or 15 days (3 days/wk). Tobacco smoke caused an increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid neutrophils at both time points in each strain. Significantly more neutrophils were noted in spontaneously hypertensive rats at 15 days compared to Wistar Kyoto rats. There was a trend of increase for macrophages in spontaneously hypertensive rats at both time points (significant at 2 days). TUNEL assay detected apoptotic cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue sections. The number of apoptotic neutrophils in airway walls and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid increased at 2 days in both strains, but at 15 days the effect was much lower in spontaneously hypertensive rats than in Wistar Kyoto rats. Tobacco smoke induces a greater inflammatory response associated with lower apoptotic neutrophils in the lungs of spontaneously hypertensive rats compared to Wistar Kyoto rats. The spontaneously hypertensive rat may be a more relevant animal model of acute tobacco smoke-induced airway inflammation than other laboratory rats.
C1 [Yu, Bei; Witschi, Hanspeter; Pinkerton, Kent E.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Hlth & Environm, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Kodavanti, Urmila P.] US EPA, Pulm Toxicol Branch, Expt Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Off Res & De, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Takeuchi, Minoru] Kyoto Sangyo Univ, Div Biotechnol, Kyoto 603, Japan.
RP Pinkerton, KE (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Hlth & Environm, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM kepinkerton@ucdavis.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00169]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES05707, ES11634]
NR 63
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 1
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 7
BP 623
EP 633
DI 10.1080/08958370701861538
PG 11
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 304BX
UT WOS:000256086100001
PM 18464051
ER
PT J
AU Duvall, RM
Norris, GA
Dailey, LA
Burke, JM
McGee, JK
Gilmour, MI
Gordon, T
Devlin, RB
AF Duvall, Rachelle M.
Norris, Gary A.
Dailey, Lisa A.
Burke, Janet M.
McGee, John K.
Gilmour, M. Ian
Gordon, Terry
Devlin, Robert B.
TI Source apportionment of particulate matter in the US and associations
with lung inflammatory markers
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES; POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION;
AIR-POLLUTION; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; FINE PARTICLES; SIZE DISTRIBUTION;
DAILY MORTALITY; RECEPTOR MODEL; ACID AEROSOLS; UNITED-STATES
AB Size-fractionated particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from six U.S. cities and chemically analyzed as part of the Multiple Air Pollutant Study. Particles were administered to cultured lung cells and the production of three different proinflammatory markers was measured to explore the association between the health effect markers and PM. Ultrafine, fine, and coarse PM samples were collected between December 2003 and May 2004 over a 4-wk period in each city. Filters were pooled for each city and the PM samples were extracted then analyzed for trace metals, ions, and elemental carbon. Particle extracts were applied to cultured human primary airway epithelial cells, and the secreted levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8), heme oxygenase-1, and cyclooxygenase-2 were measured 1 and 24 h following exposure. Fine PM sources were quantified by the chemical mass balance (CMB) model. The relationship between toxicological measures, PM sources, and individual species were evaluated using linear regression. Ultrafine and fine PM mass were associated with increases in IL-8 (r(2) = .80 for ultrafine and r(2) = .52 for fine). Sources of fine PM and their relative contributions varied across the sampling sites and a strong linear association was observed between IL-8 and secondary sulfate from coal combustion (r(2) = .79). Ultrafine vanadium, lead, copper, and sulfate were also associated with increases in IL-8. Increases in inflammatory markers were not observed for coarse PM mass and source markers. These findings suggest that certain PM size fractions and sources are associated with markers of lung injury or inflammation.
C1 [Duvall, Rachelle M.; Norris, Gary A.; Burke, Janet M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Dailey, Lisa A.; McGee, John K.; Gilmour, M. Ian; Devlin, Robert B.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Gordon, Terry] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Environm Med, New York, NY USA.
RP Duvall, RM (reprint author), Mail Drop E205-03,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM duvall.rachelle@epa.gov
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES000260]
NR 46
TC 42
Z9 45
U1 0
U2 19
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 7
BP 671
EP 683
DI 10.1080/08958370801935117
PG 13
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 304BX
UT WOS:000256086100005
PM 18464055
ER
PT J
AU Wang, ZX
Neuberg, D
Su, L
Kim, JY
Chen, JC
Christiani, DC
AF Wang, Zhaoxi
Neuberg, Donna
Su, Li
Kim, Jee Young
Chen, Jiu-Chiuan
Christiani, David C.
TI Prospective Study of Metal Fume-Induced Responses of Global Gene
Expression Profiling in Whole Blood
SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; MONICA-AUGSBURG; RAINBOW-TROUT; ASSOCIATION;
MARKERS; EXPOSURE; PROJECT; MEN
AB Metal particulate inhalation causes pulmonary and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous results showed that systemic responses to short-term occupational welding-fume exposure could be assessed by microarray analyses in whole-blood total RNA sampled before and after exposure. To expand our understanding of the duration of particulate-induced gene expression changes, we conducted a study using a similar population 1 yr after the original study and extended our observations in the postexposure period. We recruited 15 individuals with welding fume exposure and 7 nonexposed individuals. Thirteen of the 22 individuals (9 in exposed group and 4 in nonexposed group) had been monitored in the previous study. Whole-blood total RNA was analyzed at 3 time points, including baseline, immediately following exposure (approximately 5 h after baseline), and 24 h after baseline, using cDNA microarray technology. We replicated the patterns of Gene Ontology (GO) terms associated with response to stimulus, cell death, phosphorus metabolism, localization, and regulation of biological processes significantly enriched with altered genes in the nonsmoking exposed group. Most of the identified genes had opposite expression changes between the exposure and postexposure periods in nonsmoking welders. In addition, we found dose-dependent patterns that were affected by smoking status. In conclusion, short-term occupational exposure to metal particulates causes systemic responses in the peripheral blood. Furthermore, the acute particulate-induced effects on gene expression profiling were transient in nonsmoking welders, with most effects diminishing within 19 h following exposure.
C1 [Wang, Zhaoxi; Su, Li; Christiani, David C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Neuberg, Donna] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Dept Biostat & Computat Biol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Kim, Jee Young] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Chen, Jiu-Chiuan] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Christiani, David C.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Pulm & Crit Care Unit,Dept Med, Boston, MA USA.
RP Wang, ZX (reprint author), 665 Huntington Ave,I-1404B, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM mikewang@hsph.harvard.edu
RI Chen, JC/I-2261-2016
FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [T32 ES07069];
National Institutes of Health [ES009860, ES00002]
FX This work was supported by grant T32 ES07069 from the National Institute
of Environmental Health Sciences, and by research grants ES009860 and
ES00002 from the National Institutes of Health.
NR 37
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0895-8378
J9 INHAL TOXICOL
JI Inhal. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 14
BP 1233
EP 1244
DI 10.1080/08958370802192874
PG 12
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 387GH
UT WOS:000261939200003
PM 18951227
ER
PT S
AU Lopez, RD
Nash, MS
Heggem, DT
Ebert, DW
AF Lopez, Ricardo D.
Nash, Maliha S.
Heggem, Daniel T.
Ebert, Donald W.
BE Jones, J
TI Using landscape metrics as indicators of surface water nutrient
parameters in the Ozark Mountains, USA
SO INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY, VOL 30,
PT 3, PROCEEDINGS
SE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF THEORETICAL AND APPLIED LIMNOLOGY -
PROCEEDINGS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT 30th Congress of the
International-Association-of-Theoretical-and-Applied-Limnology
CY AUG 12-18, 2007
CL Montreal, CANADA
SP Int Assoc Theoret & Appl Limnol
DE ammonia; landscape metrics; Ozark Mountains; phosphorus; watershed
ID FOREST; ECOSYSTEM; PATTERNS
C1 [Lopez, Ricardo D.; Nash, Maliha S.; Heggem, Daniel T.; Ebert, Donald W.] US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
RP Lopez, RD (reprint author), US EPA, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU E SCHWEIZERBART'SCHE VERLAGSBUCHHANDLUNG
PI STUTTGART
PA JOHANNESTRASSE 3, W-7000 STUTTGART, GERMANY
SN 0368-0770
BN 978-3-510-54074-7
J9 INT VER THEOR ANGEW
PY 2008
VL 30
BP 349
EP 356
PN 3
PG 8
WC Limnology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA BIC33
UT WOS:000258369900005
ER
PT J
AU Burns-Naas, LA
Hastings, KL
Ladics, GS
Makris, SL
Parker, GA
Holsapple, MP
AF Burns-Naas, Leigh Ann
Hastings, Kenneth L.
Ladics, Gregory S.
Makris, Susan L.
Parker, George A.
Holsapple, Michael P.
TI What's so special about the developing immune system?
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE developmental immunotoxicology; DIT; immune development immune system;
immune testing; immunopathology
ID DEVELOPMENTAL IMMUNOTOXICOLOGY ASSESSMENT; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; CRITICAL WINDOWS; RISK-ASSESSMENT;
EARLY-CHILDHOOD; ASTHMA PREVENTION; CHILDRENS HEALTH; NONHUMAN PRIMATE;
ADULT EXPOSURES
AB The evolution of the subdiscipline of developmental immunotoxicology (DIT) as it exists today has been shaped by significant regulatory pressures as well as key scientific advances. This review considers the role played by legislation to protect children's health, and on the emergence of immunotoxcity and developmental immunotoxicity guidelines, as well as providing some context to the need for special attention on DIT by considering the evidence that the developing immune system may have unique susceptibilities when compared to the adult immune system. Understanding the full extent of this potential has been complicated by a paucity of data detailing the development of the immune system during critical life stages as well as by the complexities of comparisons across species. Notably, there are differences between humans and nonhuman species used in toxicity testing that include specific differences relative to the timing of the development of the immune system as well as more general anatomic differences, and these differences must be factored into the interpretation of DIT studies. Likewise, understanding how the timing of the immune development impacts on various immune parameters is critical to the design of DIT studies, parameters most extensively characterized to date in young adult animals. Other factors important to DIT, which are considered in this review, are the recognition that effects other than suppression (e. g., allergy and autoimmunity) are important; the need to improve our understanding of how to assess the potential for DIT in humans; and the role that pathology has played in DIT studies in test animals. The latter point receives special emphasis in this review because pathology evaluations have been a major component of standard nonclinical toxicology studies, and could serve an important role in studies to evaluate DIT. This possibility is very consistent with recommendations to incorporate a DIT evaluation into standard developmental and reproductive toxicology (DART) protocols. The overall objective of this review is to provide a 'snapshot' of the current state-of-the-science of DIT. Despite significant progress, DIT is still evolving and it is our hope that this review will advance the science.
C1 [Burns-Naas, Leigh Ann] Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Drug Safety Res & Dev, San Diego, CA 92064 USA.
[Hastings, Kenneth L.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Off New Drugs, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
[Ladics, Gregory S.] DuPont Co Inc, Expt Stn, Wilmington, DE USA.
[Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Parker, George A.] WIL Biotech Inc, Hillsborough, NC USA.
[Holsapple, Michael P.] ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA.
RP Burns-Naas, LA (reprint author), Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Drug Safety Res & Dev, 10777 Sci Ctr Dr, San Diego, CA 92064 USA.
EM leighann.burns@pfizer.com
NR 130
TC 43
Z9 47
U1 1
U2 9
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 1091-5818
J9 INT J TOXICOL
JI Int. J. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 2
BP 223
EP 254
DI 10.1080/10915810801978110
PG 32
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 316HO
UT WOS:000256940400006
PM 18404545
ER
PT S
AU Darden, TA
AF Darden, T. A.
BA Shmueli, U
BF Shmueli, U
TI Extensions of the Ewald method for Coulomb interactions in crystals
SO INTERNATIONAL TABLES FOR CRYSTALLOGRAPHY, VOL. B: RECIPROCAL SPACE,
THIRD EDITION
SE International Tables for Crystallography Volume B
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID PERIODIC BOUNDARY-CONDITIONS; MOMENT CORRECTION TERM; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS
SIMULATIONS; PARTICLE MESH EWALD; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; EVALUATING
POTENTIALS; GLOBAL OPTIMIZATION; ELECTROSTATIC INTERACTION; BIOMOLECULAR
SIMULATIONS; INTERACTION ENERGIES
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Darden, TA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NR 75
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1574-8707
BN 978-1-4020-8205-4
J9 INT TABLES CRYSTALLO
PY 2008
VL B
SI 3
BP 458
EP 481
PG 24
WC Crystallography
SC Crystallography
GA BKE98
UT WOS:000267932200016
ER
PT J
AU Babin, SM
Burkom, HS
Mnatsakanyan, ZR
Ramac-Thomas, LC
Thompson, MW
Wojcik, RA
Lewis, SH
Yund, C
AF Babin, Steven M.
Burkom, Howard S.
Mnatsakanyan, Zaruhi R.
Ramac-Thomas, Liane C.
Thompson, Michael W.
Wojcik, Richard A.
Lewis, Sheri Happel
Yund, Cynthia
TI Drinking Water Security and Public Health Disease Outbreak Surveillance
SO JOHNS HOPKINS APL TECHNICAL DIGEST
LA English
DT Article
ID SYSTEMS
AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) strives to develop technologies and protocols to assist drinking water utilities in reducing the risks of potential terrorist attacks on our nation's infrastructure. Of particular interest are the development and feasibility testing of contamination warning systems that integrate existing public health surveillance and water quality measurements. In collaboration with the EPA, APL is developing a novel prototype warning system that employs sensor clustering and Bayesian Network analyses. These techniques address the challenges of synthesizing results from disparate data types with different data rates and complex environmental and operational responses into a warning system that can provide the user with a measure of the likelihood that data anomalies do or do not indicate a potential water-borne disease outbreak. These critical challenges and how this novel approach and its components address them will be described.
C1 [Babin, Steven M.; Mnatsakanyan, Zaruhi R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Natl Secur Technol Dept, Dis Surveillance Program, Laurel, MD 20703 USA.
[Mnatsakanyan, Zaruhi R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Ctr Excellence Publ Hlth, Laurel, MD 20703 USA.
[Thompson, Michael W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, NSTD, Acoust & Electromagnet Grp STX, Laurel, MD 20703 USA.
[Yund, Cynthia] US EPA, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Off Res & Dev, Laurel, MD USA.
RP Babin, SM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Natl Secur Technol Dept, Dis Surveillance Program, Laurel, MD 20703 USA.
EM steven.babin@jhuapl.edu
OI burkom, howard/0000-0003-0667-9467
FU Office of Research and Development [EP-C-06-074]
FX We thank Sean McKenna and David Hart at Sandia National Laboratories for
sharing an early version of the CANARY Event Detection Software. The
expert knowledge of personnel at the Washington Suburban Sanitary
Commission, Milwaukee Water Works, and the Milwaukee County, Montgomery
County, and Prince George's County Health Departments is gratefully
appreciated. We also express our appreciation to Charles Hodanics, Josh
Suereth, Raj Ashar, Logan Hauenstein, Mohammed Hashemian, Wayne Loschen,
and Larry Frank for their valuable assistance in this project. The EPA,
through its Office of Research and Development, funded and managed the
research described herein via Contract EP-C-06-074. This work has been
subjected to the EPA's administrative review and approved for
publication. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not
constitute endorsement or recommendations for use.
NR 13
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 4
PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV
PI LAUREL
PA APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY ATTN: TECHNICAL DIGEST JOHN HOPKINS RD, BLDG
1W-131, LAUREL, MD 20723-6099 USA
SN 0270-5214
J9 J HOPKINS APL TECH D
JI Johns Hopkins APL Tech. Dig.
PY 2008
VL 27
IS 4
BP 403
EP 411
PG 9
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary
SC Engineering
GA 556RL
UT WOS:000274608800013
ER
PT J
AU Tiwary, A
Reff, A
Colls, JJ
AF Tiwary, Abhishek
Reff, Adam
Colls, Jeremy J.
TI Collection of ambient particulate matter by porous vegetation barriers:
Sampling and characterization methods
SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE ambient particulate matter; functional groups; filtration efficiency;
vegetative barriers; FTIR
ID FUNCTIONAL-GROUP CHARACTERIZATION; LOS-ANGELES AEROSOL; SIZE
DISTRIBUTIONS; ORGANIC AEROSOL; PM2.5; CARBON; ORGANONITRATES;
SPECTROSCOPY; PARTICLES; AMMONIUM
AB Sampling and characterization methods for assessing the effect of vegetative barriers on particulate matter (PM10) concentrations and functional group composition were developed and applied in a case study. Ambient PM10 was concurrently sampled upwind and downwind of a hawthorn hedge at a rural location in the UK. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of PM10 samples were collected to characterize the functional group composition. Absorbances associated with sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, aliphatic carbon-hydrogen, and carbonyl functional groups were observed in the FTIR spectra. Calculations with gravimetric measurements show that the hedge collects PM10 mass with a collection efficiency of 34% on average. FTIR results suggest that individual functional groups might exhibit different behavior in the hedge, but further method development and sampling is necessary to calculate functional group results with more confidence. Current results show the potential of using hedges to mitigate ambient concentrations of airborne PM10, and applying these methods to a more statistically robust sample size is anticipated to aid in elucidating physico-chemical mechanisms driving collection of PM10 by hedge elements. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tiwary, Abhishek] Univ Manchester, Sch Chem & Analyt Sci, Environm Sustainable Technol Div, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England.
[Reff, Adam] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Colls, Jeremy J.] Univ Nottingham, Agr & Environm Sci Div, Sch Biosci, Nottingham NG7 2RD, England.
RP Reff, A (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Chem & Analyt Sci, Environm Sustainable Technol Div, PO Box 88,Sackville St, Manchester M60 1QD, Lancs, England.
EM reff.adam@epa.gov
NR 36
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 2
U2 16
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0021-8502
J9 J AEROSOL SCI
JI J. Aerosol. Sci.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 39
IS 1
BP 40
EP 47
DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.09.011
PG 8
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 264MJ
UT WOS:000253291300005
ER
PT J
AU Brock, B
Basha, R
DiPalma, K
Anderson, A
Harry, GJ
Rice, DC
Maloney, B
Lahiri, DK
Zawia, NH
AF Brock, Brian
Basha, Riyaz
DiPalma, Katie
Anderson, Amy
Harry, G. Jean
Rice, Deborah C.
Maloney, Bryan
Lahiri, Debomoy K.
Zawia, Nasser H.
TI Co-localization and distribution of cerebral APP and SP1 and its
relationship to amyloidogenesis
SO JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
LA English
DT Article
DE amyloid-beta; amyloidogenesis; amyloid-beta protein precursor; Brain;
immunohistochemistry; monkey; SP1; transcription
ID AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; INTRACELLULAR A-BETA; BOX-BINDING-PROTEINS;
ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; DNA-BINDING; GENE-EXPRESSION;
TRANSGENIC MICE; BACE PROMOTER; REGION
AB Alzheimer's disease is characterized by amyloid-beta peptide (A beta)-loaded plaques in the brain. A beta is a cleavage fragment of amyloid-beta protein precursor (APP) and over production of APP may lead to amyloidogenesis. The regulatory region of the APP gene contains consensus sites recognized by the transcription factor, specificity protein 1 (SP1), which has been shown to be required for the regulation of APP and A beta. To understand the role of SP1 in APP biogenesis, herein we have characterized the relative distribution and localization of SP1, APP, and A beta in various brain regions of rodent and primate models using immunohistochemistry. We observed that overall distribution and cellular localization of SP1, APP, and A beta are similar and neuronal in origin. Their distribution is abundant in various layers of neocortex, but restricted to the Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, and the pyramidal cell layer of hippocampus. These findings suggest that overproduction of A beta in vivo may be associated with transcriptional pathways involving SP1 and the APP gene.
C1 [Brock, Brian; Basha, Riyaz; DiPalma, Katie; Anderson, Amy; Zawia, Nasser H.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biomed & Pharmaceut Sci, Neurotoxicol & Epigenom Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Harry, G. Jean] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Maloney, Bryan; Lahiri, Debomoy K.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Inst Psychiat Res,Lab Mol Neurogenet, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA.
[Rice, Deborah C.] Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME 04333 USA.
RP Zawia, NH (reprint author), Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biomed & Pharmaceut Sci, Neurotoxicol & Epigenom Lab, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
EM nzawia@uri.edu
RI Maloney, Bryan/C-4924-2011
OI Maloney, Bryan/0000-0003-2364-9649
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR 016457]; NIA NIH HHS [AG
027246, AG R01 18379, AG R01 18884, R01 AG018379, R01 AG018884]; NIEHS
NIH HHS [ES 013022]
NR 54
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU IOS PRESS
PI AMSTERDAM
PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-2877
J9 J ALZHEIMERS DIS
JI J. Alzheimers Dis.
PY 2008
VL 13
IS 1
BP 71
EP 80
PG 10
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 278RG
UT WOS:000254303400008
PM 18334759
ER
PT J
AU Conklin, SD
Fricke, MW
Creed, PA
Creed, JT
AF Conklin, Sean D.
Fricke, Michael W.
Creed, Patricia A.
Creed, John T.
TI Investigation of the pH effects on the formation of methylated
thio-arsenicals, and the effects of pH and temperature on their
stability
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID;
ICP-MS; CHROMATOGRAPHIC-SEPARATION; ARSINOTHIOYL-SUGARS; ION
CHROMATOGRAPHY; WATER SAMPLES; ACETIC-ACID; HUMAN URINE
AB Thio-arsenicals have been discovered in both food and biological samples. During analysis, the potential exists for interconversion between the oxide and sulfide forms, raising questions regarding analytical factors which may influence the observed speciation. Within this context, the conversion of trimethylarsine oxide ( TMAO), dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) and monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) to their respective sulfide forms, in the presence of sulfide (Na(2)S) was investigated with respect to pH. All three arsenic oxides produced very little conversion to the corresponding sulfide above pH 8 while conversion to the sulfide form was observed at every pH <= 7. Less than 10% of the initial TMAO remained at every pH below eight, with the sulfide form trimethylarsine sulfide ( TMAS) accounting for more than 90%. Likewise, the mono- and di-thiolated forms of DMA (dimethylthioarsinic acid ( DMTA) and dimethyldithioarsinic acid (DMDTA) respectively) formed over the pH range 5-7, leaving less than 8% of the initial DMA in solution. In the pH range 5-7, MMA was converted to monomethylthioarsonic acid ( MMTA), with more than half of the MMA converted to an unidentified peak. This peak is thought to be monomethyldithioarsonic acid (MMDTA) but a positive identification was not possible due to lack of a synthetic standard. The primary species detected at pH 3 were the mono- thiolated forms MMTA and DMTA. Given the range of extraction and separation procedures ( specifically pH and temperatures) associated with speciation analysis, the stability of TMAS, DMTA and MMTA under such conditions is another area of concern. Room temperature sulfide to oxide conversion rates from 0.3% to 2.2% per week were observed in basic ( pH 10), neutral ( pH 7) and acidic ( pH 3) solutions, demonstrating very little pH-induced instability for all three thio-arsenicals. Elevated temperature accelerated the sulfide to oxide conversion rates to similar to 10% per week for all three thio-arsenicals, while refrigeration retarded it to < 0.4% per week.
C1 [Conklin, Sean D.; Fricke, Michael W.; Creed, Patricia A.; Creed, John T.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Creed, JT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM creed.jack@epamail.epa.gov
RI Creed, John/A-9187-2009
NR 43
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 1
U2 11
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 5
BP 711
EP 716
DI 10.1039/b713145c
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 292JY
UT WOS:000255263500008
ER
PT J
AU Nagourney, SJ
Wilson, SA
Buckley, B
Kingston, HMS
Yang, SY
Long, SE
AF Nagourney, Stuart J.
Wilson, Stephen A.
Buckley, Brian
Kingston, H. M. Skip
Yang, Shen-Yi
Long, Stephen E.
TI Development of a standard reference material for Cr(VI) in contaminated
soil
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL ATOMIC SPECTROMETRY
LA English
DT Article
ID ORE PROCESSING RESIDUE
AB Over the last several decades, considerable contamination by hexavalent chromium has resulted from the land disposal of Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR). COPR contains a number of hexavalent chromium-bearing compounds that were produced in high temperature industrial processes. Concern over the carcinogenic potential of this chromium species, and its environmental mobility, has resulted in efforts to remediate these waste sites. To provide support to analytical measurements of hexavalent chromium, a candidate National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Standard Reference Material(R) ( SRM 2701), having a hexavalent chromium content of approximately 500 mg kg(-1), has been developed using material collected from a waste site in Hudson County, New Jersey, USA. The collection, processing, preparation and preliminary physico-chemical characterization of the material are discussed. A two-phase multi-laboratory testing study was carried out to provide data on material homogeneity and to assess the stability of the material over the duration of the study. The study was designed to incorporate several United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) determinative methods for hexavalent chromium, including Method 6800 which is based on speciated isotope dilution mass spectrometry (SIDMS), an approach which can account for chromium species inter-conversion during the extraction and measurement sequence.
C1 [Long, Stephen E.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Analyt Chem, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
[Nagourney, Stuart J.] New Jersey Dept Environm Protect, OQA, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA.
[Wilson, Stephen A.] US Geol Survey, Denver, CO 80225 USA.
[Buckley, Brian] Rutgers State Univ, Environm Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Rutgers, NJ USA.
[Kingston, H. M. Skip] Duquesne Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA 15282 USA.
US EPA, Off Solid Waste, Arlington, VA 22222 USA.
RP Long, SE (reprint author), Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Chem Sci & Technol Lab, Div Analyt Chem, 100 Bur Dr,Stop 8391, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA.
EM stephen.long@nist.gov
NR 12
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 9
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 0267-9477
J9 J ANAL ATOM SPECTROM
JI J. Anal. At. Spectrom.
PY 2008
VL 23
IS 11
BP 1550
EP 1554
DI 10.1039/b808488b
PG 5
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy
SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy
GA 364AX
UT WOS:000260309700010
ER
PT J
AU Sochaski, MA
Jarabek, AM
Murphy, J
Andersen, ME
AF Sochaski, Mark A.
Jarabek, Annie M.
Murphy, John
Andersen, Melvin E.
TI 3-chlorotyrosine and 3,5-dichlorotyrosine as biomarkers of respiratory
tract exposure to chlorine gas
SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPOCHLOROUS ACID; HUMAN NEUTROPHILS; TYROSYL RESIDUES; MYELOPEROXIDASE;
PROTEINS; DISEASE; MARKER; MICE
C1 [Sochaski, Mark A.; Jarabek, Annie M.; Murphy, John; Andersen, Melvin E.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Sochaski, MA (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, 6 Davis Dr,POB 12137, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM MSochaski@thehamner.org
OI Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811
NR 19
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 4
PU PRESTON PUBL INC
PI NILES
PA 7800 MERRIMAC AVE PO BOX 48312, NILES, IL 60648 USA
SN 0146-4760
J9 J ANAL TOXICOL
JI J. Anal. Toxicol.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2008
VL 32
IS 1
BP 99
EP 105
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Toxicology
GA 260IV
UT WOS:000253004900017
PM 18269801
ER
PT J
AU Sarwar, G
Luecken, D
Yarwood, G
Whitten, GZ
Carter, WPL
AF Sarwar, Golam
Luecken, Deborah
Yarwood, Greg
Whitten, Gary Z.
Carter, William P. L.
TI Impact of an updated carbon bond mechanism on predictions from the CMAQ
modeling system: Preliminary assessment
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID QUALITY; URBAN
AB An updated and expanded version of the Carbon Bond mechanism (CB05) has been incorporated into the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system to more accurately simulate wintertime, pristine, and high-altitude situations. The CB05 mechanism has nearly 2 times the number of reactions relative to the previous version of the Carbon Bond mechanism (CB-IV). While the expansions do provide more detailed treatment of urban areas, most of the new reactions involve biogenics, toxics, and species potentially important to particulate formation and acid deposition. Model simulations were performed using the CB05 and the CB-IV mechanisms for the winter and summer of 2001. For winter with the CB05 mechanism, ozone, aerosol nitrate, and aerosol sulfate concentrations were within 1% of the results obtained with the CB-IV mechanism. Organic carbon concentrations were within 2% of the results obtained with the CB-IV mechanism. However, formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide concentrations were lower by 25% and 32%, respectively, during winter with the CB05 mechanism. For the summer, ozone concentrations increased by 8% with the CB05 mechanism relative to the CB-IV mechanism. The aerosol sulfate, aerosol nitrate, and organic carbon concentrations with the CB05 mechanism decreased by 8%, 2%, and 10%, respectively. The formaldehyde and hydrogen peroxide concentrations with the CB05 mechanism were lower by 12% and 47%, respectively, during summer. Model performance with the CB05 mechanism improved at high-altitude conditions and in rural areas for ozone. Model performance also improved for organic carbon with the CB05 mechanism.
C1 [Sarwar, Golam; Luecken, Deborah] US EPA, Natl Explos Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Yarwood, Greg] ENVIRON Int Corp, Novato, CA USA.
[Carter, William P. L.] Univ Calif Riverside, CE CERT, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
RP Sarwar, G (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Explos Res Lab, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM sarwar.golam@epa.gov
NR 16
TC 77
Z9 78
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 47
IS 1
BP 3
EP 14
DI 10.1175/2007JAMC1393.1
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 266BO
UT WOS:000253406500001
ER
PT J
AU Al-Saadi, J
Soja, A
Pierce, RB
Szykman, J
Wiedinmyer, C
Emmons, L
Kondragunta, S
Zhang, XY
Kittaka, C
Schaack, T
Bowman, K
AF Al-Saadi, Jassim
Soja, Amber
Pierce, R. Bradley
Szykman, James
Wiedinmyer, Christine
Emmons, Louisa
Kondragunta, Shobha
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Kittaka, Chieko
Schaack, Todd
Bowman, Kevin
TI Intercomparison of near-real-time biomass burning emissions estimates
constrained by satellite fire data
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE biomass burning; emission; wildfire; atmospheric composition
ID CARBON-MONOXIDE; SPECTROMETER
AB We compare biomass burning emissions estimates from four different techniques that use satellite based fire products to determine area burned over regional to global domains. Three of the techniques use active fire detections from polar-orbiting MODIS sensors and one uses detections and instantaneous fire size estimates from geostationary GOES sensors. Each technique uses a different approach for estimating trace gas and particulate emissions from active fires. Here we evaluate monthly area burned and CO emission estimates for most of 2006 over the contiguous United States domain common to all four techniques. Two techniques provide global estimates and these are also compared. Overall we find consistency in temporal evolution and spatial patterns but differences in these monthly estimates can be as large as a factor of 10. One set of emission estimates is evaluated by comparing model CO predictions with satellite observations over regions where biomass burning is significant. These emissions are consistent with observations over the US but have a high bias in three out of four regions of large tropical burning. The large-scale evaluations of the magnitudes and characteristics of the differences presented here are a necessary first step toward an ultimate goal of reducing the large uncertainties in biomass burning emission estimates, thereby enhancing environmental monitoring and prediction capabilities.
C1 [Al-Saadi, Jassim] NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
[Soja, Amber] Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA USA.
[Pierce, R. Bradley] NOAA, NESDIS, Madison, WI USA.
[Szykman, James] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Wiedinmyer, Christine; Emmons, Louisa] NCAR, Boulder, CO USA.
[Kondragunta, Shobha; Zhang, Xiaoyang] NOAA, NESDIS, Camp Springs, MD USA.
[Kittaka, Chieko] SSAI, Hampton, VA USA.
[Schaack, Todd] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Space Sci & Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA.
[Bowman, Kevin] CALTECH, Jet Prop Lab, Pasadena, CA USA.
RP Al-Saadi, J (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA.
EM j.a.al-saadi@nasa.gov
RI Pierce, Robert Bradley/F-5609-2010; Zhang, Xiaoyang/E-3208-2010;
Pfister, Gabriele/A-9349-2008; Kondragunta, Shobha/F-5601-2010; Emmons,
Louisa/R-8922-2016
OI Pierce, Robert Bradley/0000-0002-2767-1643; Kondragunta,
Shobha/0000-0001-8593-8046; Emmons, Louisa/0000-0003-2325-6212
NR 37
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 1
U2 12
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PY 2008
VL 2
AR 021504
DI 10.1117/1.2948785
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 417AG
UT WOS:000264046200004
ER
PT J
AU Pouliot, G
Pace, T
Roy, B
Pierce, T
Mobley, D
AF Pouliot, George
Pace, Tom
Roy, Biswadev
Pierce, Thomas
Mobley, David
TI Development of a biomass burning emissions inventory by combining
satellite and ground-based information
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED REMOTE SENSING
LA English
DT Article
DE Biomass Burning emission inventory; Satellite-based; Ground-based;
wildfires
AB A 2005 biomass burning (wildfire, prescribed, and agricultural) emission inventory has been developed for the contiguous United States using a newly developed simplified method of combining information from multiple sources for use in the US EPA's National Emission Inventory (NEI). Our method blends the temporal and spatial resolution of the remote sensing information with the ground based fire size estimate. This method is faster and considerably less expensive than the method used for the 2002 National Emissions Inventory and is more accurate than methods used for 2001 and prior years. In addition, the 2005 fire inventory is the first EPA inventory utilizing remote sensing information. A comparison with the 2002 inventory for wildfire, prescribed, and agricultural fires indicates a large year-to-year variability in wildfire emissions and less variation for prescribed and agricultural fires. Total PM2.5 emissions from wildfires, prescribed burning, and agricultural burning for the contiguous United States were estimated to be 109,000 short tons, 209,000 short tons, and 232,000 short tons, respectively, for 2005. Our total emission estimate for 2005 is 550,000 short tons. Our analysis shows that year-to-year spatial variability accounts for the substantial difference in the wildfire emission estimates.
C1 [Pouliot, George; Pierce, Thomas] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Air Resources Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Pace, Tom] US EPA, Office & Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Roy, Biswadev; Mobley, David] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Pouliot, G (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Air Resources Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM pouliot.george@epa.gov
NR 10
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 3
U2 10
PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA
SN 1931-3195
J9 J APPL REMOTE SENS
JI J. Appl. Remote Sens.
PY 2008
VL 2
AR 021501
DI 10.1117/1.2939551
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic
Technology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science &
Photographic Technology
GA 417AG
UT WOS:000264046200001
ER
PT J
AU Boyd, G
Dutrow, E
Tunnessen, W
AF Boyd, Gale
Dutrow, Elizabeth
Tunnessen, Walt
TI The evolution of the ENERGY STAR (R) energy performance indicator for
benchmarking industrial plant manufacturing energy use
SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE energy savings; ENERGY STAR; energy efficient products; energy efficient
production processes; energy performance indicator
AB ENERGY STAR(R) is a voluntary government/industry partnership that offers information to businesses and consumers on energy-efficient solutions, making it easier to save money and protect the environment for future generations. Introduced in 1992 by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), this voluntary labeling program was designed to identify and promote energy-efficient products as basic pollution prevention opportunities. The ENERGY STAR label can now be found on appliances, office equipment, lighting, buildings, and more. In 2002, ENERGY STAR was extended beyond its role in identifying energy efficient products to identifying energy-efficient production. The ENERGY STAR industry program focuses on encouraging and enabling sustainable corporate energy management. One of the three information tools EPA developed under ENERGY STAR, which also includes energy management networking and industry specific energy guides, is the energy performance indicator (EPI). The EPI is a statistical benchmarking tool that provides a "birds-eye" view of sector-specific plant-level energy use via a functional relationship between the level of energy use and the level and type of various production activities, material input's quality, and external factors, e.g. climate and material quality. The EPI uses stochastic frontier regression to estimate the lowest observed plant energy use, given these factors. This statistical model also provides a distribution of energy efficiency across the industry, which allows the user to answer the hypothetical but very practical question, "How would my plant compare to everyone else in my industry, if all other plants were similar to mine?" The result is a tool that can be used by corporate and plant energy managers to estimate the energy efficiency of their portfolio of plants. This paper describes the role of the EPI within the context of the overall goals of ENERGY STAR and gives examples of how this information tool was developed and is being used. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Boyd, Gale] Duke Univ, Dept Econ, Triangle Census Res Data Ctr, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Dutrow, Elizabeth; Tunnessen, Walt] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Boyd, G (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Econ, Triangle Census Res Data Ctr, Box 90097, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM gale.boyd@duke.edu
NR 4
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 5
U2 30
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6526
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 6
BP 709
EP 715
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.02.024
PG 7
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA 261HT
UT WOS:000253070400006
ER
PT J
AU Bare, JC
Gloria, TP
AF Bare, Jane C.
Gloria, Thomas P.
TI Environmental impact assessment taxonomy providing comprehensive
coverage of midpoints, endpoints, damages, and areas of protection
SO JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
LA English
DT Article
DE taxonomy; meta-model; impact assessment; midpoint; damage
AB Before conducting a comprehensive impact assessment, such as a life cycle impact assessment (LCIA), there is a need to discuss the range of impacts which could and should be included. Up to this point of time, there has not been a comprehensive list of impacts for potential inclusion available. This research builds upon previous work which surveyed a large component of the comprehensive impact assessment field for cataloging and analysis in greater detail and then expanded it to include those midpoints, endpoints, and damages which could be covered in a more comprehensive impact assessment. In this paper, a seminal effort in the form of a meta-model is presented to facilitate an expanded discussion of the taxonomy of this field. Upon using existing models it was apparent the taxonomy needed to be structured to represent midpoint, endpoint, damage, and weighted levels as they relate to areas of protection for the impact assessment phase. Contrary to recent use in the LCIA field, a distinction will be made between an endpoint measure (which is more of a "count" of impacts) and a damage measure (which is a value-weighted aggregation of two or more endpoints). The authors present a representation of all four levels of impact assessment: midpoint, endpoint, damage, and weighted. This taxonomy was developed to include the existing impacts found in LCIA literature, and then expanded to be more comprehensive and include a larger set of impacts than are normally included within LCIA. The authors recognize this is the first of many steps necessary to capture all potential impacts that should be considered when conducting a comprehensive environmental assessment. The intent is to propose a taxonomy that would greatly facilitate the accumulation and communication of empirical and theoretical knowledge gained by offering a standard vocabulary and structure. (c) Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Bare, Jane C.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Gloria, Thomas P.] Life Cycle Serv LLC, Newton, MA 02459 USA.
RP Bare, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM bare.jane@epa.gov; tom@life-cycle.org
NR 30
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 11
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0959-6526
J9 J CLEAN PROD
JI J. Clean Prod.
PY 2008
VL 16
IS 10
BP 1021
EP 1035
DI 10.1016/j.jclepro.2007.06.001
PG 15
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA 306KB
UT WOS:000256245800001
ER
PT J
AU Froede, CR
AF Froede, Carl R., Jr.
TI Changes to Dauphin Island, Alabama, brought about by Hurricane Katrina
(August 29, 2005)
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dauphin Island; Hurricane Katrina; overwash; beach erosion; channel
cuts; island scour
AB On the morning of August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina (a Category 3 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale) made landfall in southeastern Louisiana. Although Dauphin Island, Alabama, is located approximately 180 km to the northeast of where Katrina made landfall, it experienced greater coastal damage than from recent Category 3 hurricanes re closer to the island (e.g., Frederic in 1979 and Ivan in 2004). This is because the island was within the most intense area of the hurricane as it approached land (i.e., the top-right quadrant). The gulf side of Dauphin Island was impacted by a storm surge of 1.94 m coupled with even higher storm waves. Pelican-Sand Island, to the south of the eastern portion of the island, absorbed much of the storm wave energy, resulting in a lessening of storm water damage to this segment of Dauphin Island. The elevated storm surge and diminished storm waves carried plant debris and sand tens of meters landward across this portion of Dauphin Island. Conversely, with no offshore protection, much of the low-lying western section of the island was completely overwashed. In addition, numerous channels were cut through this section of the island. The greatest change to Dauphin Island was the creation of a 2.0-km wide channel cut through a segment of the undeveloped western end of the island. Hurricane Katrina demonstrated once again the island's fragile nature and precarious setting in the northern Gulf of Mexico.
C1 US EPA, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
RP Froede, CR (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 4,61 Forsyth St, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 5
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PY 2008
VL 24
IS 4C
SU S
BP 110
EP 117
DI 10.2112/06-0782.1
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 328SP
UT WOS:000257818400013
ER
PT J
AU Sedillo, JL
Quintana, A
Sousa, K
Oshima, KH
Smith, GB
AF Sedillo, Jennifer L.
Quintana, Ayshea
Sousa, Kathryn
Oshima, Kevin H.
Smith, Geoffrey B.
TI The development of point-of-use water filters as sampling devices in
bioforensics: extent of microbial sorption and elution
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
ID GRANULAR ACTIVATED CARBON; BACTERIA; SYSTEMS; CATTLE
AB The foundational idea for this project is that household faucet-mounted water filters may be used as bioforensic sampling devices to detect the extent of a potential bioagent release in domestic water supplies. An optimized eluent solution was determined experimentally by quantifying recoveries of microorganisms from point-of-use (POU) drinking water filters. The optimized extraction protocol was then used in mock bioagent release experiments to determine the feasibility of POU filters as bioforensic sampling devices. Bacillus atrophaeus spores, Escherichia coli and PP7 virus were exposed to filters and the number of attached organisms was determined by enumerating the unattached organisms on selective agar media. Subsequently, the filters were eluted and the percent of extracted organisms was determined based on the number of attached organisms. Two popular brands of carbon block filters retained 92%-99% of representative virus, spore and vegetative bacteria. In back-flush elutions of single filters, the most efficient eluent was identified as a combination of 1% peptone and 1% Tween-80, and extraction recovered 25.4% (+/- 17.5%) of attached E. coli, 20.4% (+/- 3.6%) of B. atrophaeus spores, and 9.4% (+/- 5.2%) of PP7 virions (+/- standard deviations). In bioagent release studies in which filters were challenged with 100 agents mL(-1), greater than 99% of the spores were retained by the filters, and the percent of attached spores that were recovered ranged from 10.4% at day 0 to 4.3% five days after the release event (averaged from five separate experiments). In contrast, E. coli, Salmonella typhimurium and PP7 virus were rapidly inactivated in the chlorinated tap water, indicating their improbable survival in chlorinated water supplies. It is therefore concluded that household water filters can be used as microbial sampling devices for bioforensic applications in the event of a bioagent release in domestic drinking water supplies.
C1 [Quintana, Ayshea; Sousa, Kathryn; Smith, Geoffrey B.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
[Sedillo, Jennifer L.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Microbiol, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Oshima, Kevin H.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Smith, GB (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Biol, MSC 300001, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA.
EM gsmith@nmsu.edu
NR 18
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 9
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1464-0325
J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR
JI J. Environ. Monit.
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 6
BP 718
EP 723
DI 10.1039/b718064k
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 309HF
UT WOS:000256450600025
PM 18528538
ER
PT J
AU Sather, ME
Mathew, J
Nguyen, N
Lay, J
Golod, G
Vet, R
Cotie, J
Hertel, T
Aaboe, E
Callison, R
Adam, J
Keese, D
Freise, J
Hathcoat, A
Sakizzie, B
King, M
Lee, C
Oliva, S
Miguel, GS
Crow, L
Geasland, F
AF Sather, Mark E.
Mathew, Johnson
Nguyen, Nghia
Lay, John
Golod, George
Vet, Robert
Cotie, Joseph
Hertel, Terry
Aaboe, Erik
Callison, Ryan
Adam, Jacque
Keese, Danielle
Freise, Jeremy
Hathcoat, April
Sakizzie, Brenda
King, Michael
Lee, Chris
Oliva, Sylvia
Miguel, George San
Crow, Leon
Geasland, Frank
TI Baseline ambient gaseous ammonia concentrations in the Four Corners area
and eastern Oklahoma, USA
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
LA English
DT Article
ID OPEN-LOT DAIRIES; PASSIVE SAMPLERS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION; EMISSION
FACTORS; AIR; CHEMISTRY; DIOXIDE; INPUTS; OZONE; FLUX
AB Ambient ammonia monitoring using Ogawa passive samplers was conducted in the Four Corners area and eastern Oklahoma, USA during 2007. The resulting data will be useful in the multipollutant management of ozone, nitrogen oxides, and visibility ( atmospheric regional haze) in the Four Corners area, an area with growing oil/gas production and increasing coal-based power plant construction. The passive monitoring data also add new ambient ammonia concentration information for the U. S. and will be useful to scientists involved in present and future visibility modeling exercises. Three week integrated passive ammonia samples were taken at five sites in the Four Corners area and two sites in eastern Oklahoma from December, 2006 through December, 2007 ( January, 2008 for two sites). Results show significantly higher regional background ammonia concentrations in eastern Oklahoma ( 1.8 parts per billion ( ppb) arithmetic mean) compared to the Four Corners area ( 0.2 ppb arithmetic mean). Annual mean ammonia concentrations for all Four Corners area sites for the 2007 study ranged from 0.2 ppb to 1.5 ppb. Peak ambient ammonia concentrations occurred in the spring and summer in both areas. The passive samplers deployed at the Stilwell, Oklahoma site compared favorably with other passive samplers and a continuous ammonia monitoring instrument.
C1 [Sather, Mark E.] US EPA, Air Qual Anal Sect, Dallas, TX 75202 USA.
[Mathew, Johnson; Nguyen, Nghia; Lay, John; Golod, George] US EPA, Houston Lab, Houston, TX 77099 USA.
[Vet, Robert] Environm Canada, Air Qual Res Div, Toronto, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Cotie, Joseph; Hertel, Terry; Aaboe, Erik] New Mexico Environm Dept, Santa Fe, NM 87507 USA.
[Callison, Ryan; Adam, Jacque; Keese, Danielle; Freise, Jeremy; Hathcoat, April] Cherokee Nation Environm Programs, Tahlequah, OK 74464 USA.
[Sakizzie, Brenda; King, Michael; Lee, Chris] So Ute Indian Tribe, Air Qual Program, Ignacio, CO 81137 USA.
[Oliva, Sylvia; Miguel, George San] Nat Resources, Mesa Verde, CO 81330 USA.
[Crow, Leon; Geasland, Frank] Quapaw Tribe Oklahoma, Quapaw, OK 74363 USA.
RP Sather, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Air Qual Anal Sect, Reg 6,1445 Ross Ave, Dallas, TX 75202 USA.
NR 25
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 10
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS,
ENGLAND
SN 1464-0325
J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR
JI J. Environ. Monit.
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 11
BP 1319
EP 1325
DI 10.1039/b807984f
PG 7
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 384KI
UT WOS:000261743300007
PM 18974901
ER
PT J
AU Hollister, JW
August, PV
Paul, JF
Walker, HA
AF Hollister, Jeffrey W.
August, Peter V.
Paul, John F.
Walker, Henry A.
TI Predicting estuarine sediment metal concentrations and inferred
ecological conditions: An information theoretic approach
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID ATMOSPHERIC DEPOSITION; MULTIMODEL INFERENCE; MODEL SELECTION;
CHESAPEAKE BAY; LANDSCAPE; CONTAMINATION; POLLUTION; RUNOFF
AB Empirically derived relationships associating sediment metal concentrations with degraded ecological conditions provide important information to assess estuarine condition. Resources limit the number, magnitude, and frequency of monitoring activities to acquire these data. Models that use available information and simple statistical relationships to predict sediment metal concentrations could provide an important toot for environmental assessment. We developed 45 predictive models for the total concentrations of copper, lead, mercury, and cadmium in estuarine sediments along the Southern New England and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. Using information theoretic model-averaging approaches, we found total developed land and percent silt/clay of estuarine sediment were the most important variables for predicting the presence of all four metals. Estuary area, river flow, tidal range, and total agricultural land varied in their importance. The model-averaged predictions explained 78.4, 70.5, 56.4, and 50.3% of the variation for copper, lead, mercury and cadmium, respectively. Overall prediction accuracies of selected sediment benchmark values (i.e., effects ranges) were 83.9, 84.8, 78.6, and 92.0% for copper, lead, mercury, and cadmium, respectively. Our results further support the generally accepted conclusion that sediment metal concentrations are best described by the physical characteristics of the estuarine sediment and the total amount of urban land in the contributing watershed. We demonstrated that broad-scate predictive models built from existing monitoring data with information theoretic model-averaging approaches provide valuable predictions of estuarine sediment metal concentrations and show promise for future environmental modeling efforts in other regions.
C1 [Hollister, Jeffrey W.; Walker, Henry A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[August, Peter V.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resources Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Paul, John F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Hollister, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM hollister.jeff@epa.gov
RI Mason, Robert/A-6829-2011;
OI Hollister, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9254-9740
NR 42
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2008
VL 37
IS 1
BP 234
EP 244
DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0105
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 254YX
UT WOS:000252625000026
PM 18178897
ER
PT J
AU Lu, XX
Wilson, JT
Shen, H
Henry, BM
Kampbell, DH
AF Lu, Xiaoxia
Wilson, John T.
Shen, Hai
Henry, Bruce M.
Kampbell, Donald H.
TI Remediation of TCE-contaminated groundwater by a permeable reactive
barrier filled with plant mulch (Biowall)
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT SETAC Asia/Pacific Conference 2006
CY SEP 18-20, 2006
CL Peking Univ, Peking, PEOPLES R CHINA
HO Peking Univ
DE trichloroethylene; remediation; Biowall; geochemistry; Dehalococcoides
DNA; groundwater; interface
ID REDUCTIVE DECHLORINATION; IRON SULFIDE; TRANSFORMATION; WATER
AB A pilot-scale permeable reactive barrier filled with plant mulch was installed at Altus Air Force Base in Oklahoma, USA to treat trichloroethylene (TCE) contamination in groundwater emanating from a landfill. The barrier was constructed in June 2002. It was 139 meters long, 7 meters deep, and 0.5 meters wide. The barrier is also called a Biowall because one of the mechanisms for removal of TCE is anaerobic biodegradation. This study aimed at evaluating the performance of the pilot-scale Biowall after its installation. Data from over four years' monitoring indicated that the Biowall greatly changed geochemistry in the study area and stimulated TCE removal. The concentration of TCE in the Biowall and downgradient of the Biowall was greatly reduced as compared to that in ground water upgradient of the Biowall, while the concentration of cis-DCE in the Biowall and downgradient of the Biowall was much higher than that observed upgradient of the Biowall. Over time, the concentration of vinyl chloride in the Biowall and downgradient of the Biowall increased. Dehalococcoides DNA was detected within and downgradient of the Biowall, corresponding to the observation that vinyl chloride was produced at these locations. Results from a tracer study indicated that the regional groundwater flow pattern ultimately determined the flow direction in the area around the Biowall. The natural groundwater velocity was estimated at an average of 0.060 +/- 0.015 m/d.
C1 Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
[Wilson, John T.; Kampbell, Donald H.] United States Environm Protect Agcy, Ada, OK USA.
[Shen, Hai] New Mexico Environm Dept, Santa Fe, NM USA.
RP Lu, XX (reprint author), Peking Univ, Coll Urban & Environm Sci, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China.
EM luxx@urban.pku.edu.cn
NR 21
TC 9
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 19
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-4529
J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A
JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng.
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 1
BP 24
EP 35
DI 10.1080/10934520701750421
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 251AY
UT WOS:000252344000004
PM 18161555
ER
PT J
AU Abbaszadegan, M
Monteiro, P
Nwachuku, N
Alum, A
Ryu, H
AF Abbaszadegan, Morteza
Monteiro, Patricia
Nwachuku, Nena
Alum, Absar
Ryu, Hodon
TI Removal of adenovirus, calicivirus, and bacteriophages by conventional
drinking water treatment
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
DE adenovirus; calicivirus; MS-2; fr; PRD-1; Phi X-174; conventional
drinking water treatment; pilot plant study
ID VIRUS ADSORPTION; COAGULATION
AB This study was conducted to evaluate the removal of adenovirus, feline calicivirus (FCV), and bacteriophages MS-2, fr, PRD-1, and Phi X-174 during conventional drinking water treatment using ferric chloride as a coagulant. Adenovirus and FCV were removed to a greater extent than PRD-1 and Phi X-174, indicating that these bacteriophages may be appropriate surrogates for both adenovirus and FCV. Of the four bacteriophages studied in the pilot plant, MS-2 was removed to the greatest extent (5.1 log), followed by fr (4.9 log), PRD-1 (3.5 log), and Phi X-174 (1.3 log). The virus removal trend in the pilot-scale testing was similar to the bench-scale testing; however, the bench-scale testing seemed to provide a conservative estimate of the pilot plant performance. In the pilot-scale testing, MS-2 and fr were removed with the greatest efficiency during filtration, whereas PRD-1 and Phi X-174 showed the greatest removal during sedimentation.
C1 [Abbaszadegan, Morteza; Alum, Absar; Ryu, Hodon] Arizona State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Natl Sci Fdn, Water Qual Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
[Monteiro, Patricia] Univ Brasilia, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
[Nwachuku, Nena] US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Abbaszadegan, M (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Natl Sci Fdn, Water Qual Ctr, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
EM abbaszadegan@asu.edu
RI Ryu, Hodon/E-4610-2011
OI Ryu, Hodon/0000-0002-6992-2519
NR 22
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 6
U2 16
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-4529
J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A
JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng.
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 2
BP 171
EP 177
DI 10.1080/10934520701781541
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 251BA
UT WOS:000252344200008
PM 18172809
ER
PT J
AU Subramanian, SB
Yan, S
Tyagi, RD
Surampalli, RY
Lohani, BN
AF Subramanian, S. Bala
Yan, S.
Tyagi, R. D.
Surampalli, R. Y.
Lohani, B. N.
TI Isolation and molecular identification of extracellular polymeric
substances (EPS) producing bacterial strains for sludge settling and
dewatering
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART A-TOXIC/HAZARDOUS
SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT IWA Specialist Conference on Facing Sludge Diversities
CY MAR 28-30, 2007
CL Antalya, TURKEY
SP IWA, Dokuz Eylul Univ, Environm Engn Dept, Middle E Tech Univ Turkey
DE bioflocculants; DNA sequencing; microorganisms; rRNA gene; sludge
dewatering; and sludge volume index
ID ACTIVATED-SLUDGE; BIOFLOCCULATION; WATER
AB One of the major problems in overall wastewater treatment process is sludge settling and dewatering. In general, sludge settling and dewatering is carried out using conventional physico-chemical methods that are known to be expensive, and these processes further increase the sludge volume and ultimate disposal costs. To overcome this problem, a suitable alternative could be the use of bioflocculants for sludge settling and dewatering. To achieve bioflocculation, extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) producing bacterial strains were isolated from the complex microbial community of wastewater sludge. Crude EPS produced in the form of bacterial broth was used to test kaolin flocculation activity. Three out of 10 bacterial strains (B2, B8 and B9) were pre-selected for sludge settling. Based on sludge settling and dewatering results, B8 possessed better flocculating property than other bacterial strains. These sludge microorganisms were identified based on their 16S rDNA sequences and bacterial strain B8 was identified as Serratia sps.
C1 [Subramanian, S. Bala; Yan, S.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
[Surampalli, R. Y.] US Dept Environm Protect Agcy, Kansas City, KS USA.
[Lohani, B. N.] Asian Dev Bank, Manila, Philippines.
RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
OI Sellamuthu, Balassubramanian/0000-0002-7018-6854
NR 23
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 24
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-4529
EI 1532-4117
J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL A
JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Part A-Toxic/Hazard. Subst. Environ. Eng.
PY 2008
VL 43
IS 13
SI SI
BP 1495
EP 1503
DI 10.1080/10934520802293602
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 354HP
UT WOS:000259630000004
PM 18821234
ER
PT J
AU Fu, PP
Xia, QS
Guo, L
Yu, HT
Chan, PC
AF Fu, Peter P.
Xia, Qingsu
Guo, Lei
Yu, Hongtao
Chan, Po-Chuen
TI Toxicity of kava kava
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH PART C-ENVIRONMENTAL
CARCINOGENESIS & ECOTOXICOLOGY REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
DE Kava; anti-anxiety herbal beverage; top-selling botanical;
hepatotoxicity; metabolism; mechanism
ID FULMINANT HEPATIC-FAILURE; HERB-DRUG INTERACTIONS; PERFORMANCE
LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; PIPER-METHYSTICUM; IN-VITRO; NATURAL THERAPY;
BEVERAGE KAVA; F344 RATS; KAVALACTONES; EXTRACT
AB Kava is a traditional beverage of various Pacific Basin countries. Kava has been introduced into the mainstream U.S. market principally as an anti-anxiety preparation. The effects of the long-term consumption of kava have not been documented adequately. Preliminary studies suggest possible serious organ system effects. The potential carcinogenicity of kava and its principal constituents are unknown. As such, kava extract was nominated for the chronic tumorigenicity bioassay conducted by the National Toxicology Program (NTP). At present toxicological evaluation of kava extract is being conducted by the NTP. The present review focuses on the recent findings on kava toxicity and the mechanisms by which kava induces hepatotoxicity.
C1 [Fu, Peter P.; Xia, Qingsu; Guo, Lei] Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
[Yu, Hongtao] Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Jackson, MS 39217 USA.
[Chan, Po-Chuen] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Fu, PP (reprint author), Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
EM peter.fu@fda.hhs.gov; chanp@niehs.nih.gov
RI Guo, Lei/E-9232-2011
NR 91
TC 36
Z9 36
U1 0
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1059-0501
J9 J ENVIRON SCI HEAL C
JI J. Environ. Sci. Health Pt. C-Environ. Carcinog. Ecotoxicol. Rev.
PY 2008
VL 26
IS 1
BP 89
EP 112
DI 10.1080/10590500801907407
PG 24
WC Oncology; Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Oncology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 270QJ
UT WOS:000253735000003
PM 18322868
ER
PT J
AU Mottaleb, MA
Zimmennan, JH
Moy, TW
AF Mottaleb, M. A.
Zimmennan, J. H.
Moy, T. W.
TI Biological transformation, kinetics and dose-response assessments of
bound musk ketone hemoglobin adducts in rainbow trout as biomarkers of
environmental exposure
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE biotransformation; kinetics; hemoglobin adducts; dose-response; nitro
musks; biomarker; fish
ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS SPECTROMETRY; NITRO MUSKS; AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT; CARP
HEMOGLOBIN; XYLENE; METABOLITES; BIOTRANSFORMATION; TOXICOKINETICS;
MUTAGENICITY; GENOTOXICITY
AB Low levels (ng/g) of musk ketone (MK), used as a fragrance additive in the formulation of personal care products, are frequently detected in the water and other environment. Thus, aquatic organisms can be continuously exposed to MK. In this study, kinetics and dose-response assessments of 2-amino-MK (AMK) metabolite, bound to cysteine-hemoglobin (Hb) in rainbow trout, formed by enzymatic nitro-reduction of MK have been demonstrated. Trout were exposed to a single exposure of 0.010, 0.030, 0.10, and 0.30 mg MK/g fish. Twenty-seven Hb samples were collected from exposed- and control fish subsequent to exposure intervals of 1 d (24 h), 3 d (72 h), and 7 d (168 h). Basic hydrolysis released bound AMK metabolite was extracted into n-hexane and then concentrated and analyzed by gas chromatography (GC) electron capture negative ion chemical ionization (NICI) mass spectrometry (MS) using selected ion monitoring (SIM). The presence of the AMK metabolite in Hb extracts was confirmed by agreement of similar mass spectral features and retention time with a standard. In the dose-response study, maximum adduct formation was obtained at the 0.10 mg/g dose with an average AMK metabolite concentration of 2.2 ng/g. For kinetics, the highest concentration of the AMK metabolite was found to be 32.0 ng/g at 0.030 mg/g dose in 3-d sample. Further elimination of the metabolite showed kinetics with a half-life estimated to be 2 d, assuming first-order kinetics. The metabolite was not detected in the control samples, non-hydrolyzed Hb, and reagent blank extracts. The detection limit for AMK in the Hb was approximately 0.30 ng/g, based on a signal to noise ratio of 3 (S/N = 3).
C1 [Mottaleb, M. A.] Baylor Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
[Zimmennan, J. H.; Moy, T. W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
RP Mottaleb, MA (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, POB 97348, Waco, TX 76798 USA.
EM Mohammad_Mottaleb@Baylor.Edu
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 10
PU SCIENCE PRESS
PI BEIJING
PA 16 DONGHUANGCHENGGEN NORTH ST, BEIJING 100717, PEOPLES R CHINA
SN 1001-0742
EI 1878-7320
J9 J ENVIRON SCI-CHINA
JI J. Environ. Sci.
PY 2008
VL 20
IS 7
BP 878
EP 884
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 327JD
UT WOS:000257724500017
PM 18814586
ER
PT J
AU Lorber, M
AF Lorber, Matthew
TI Exposure of Americans to polybrominated diphenyl ethers
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE polybrominated diphenyl ethers; PBDE; brominated flame retardants;
exposure modeling
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; HUMAN SERUM; HOUSE-DUST;
2,2',4,4'-TETRABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; TEMPORAL
TRENDS; DIETARY-INTAKE; UNITED-STATES
AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers, PBDEs, are a class of brominated flame retardants that, like other persistent organic pollutants (POPs), have been found in humans, wildlife, and biota worldwide. Unlike other POPs, however, the key routes of human exposure are not thought to be food and fish, but rather are from their use in household consumer products, and to the high levels of PBDEs found in house dust. The exposure of Americans to PBDEs was systematically evaluated in this study. First, exposure media data on PBDE congeners were compiled. Then, an adult intake dose was derived using exposure factors in combination with these data. The exposure pathways evaluated included food and water ingestion, inhalation, and ingestion and dermal contact to house dust. These intakes were converted to a body burden using a simple pharmacokinetic (PK) model. The predicted body burdens were compared with representative profiles of PBDEs in blood and milk. The adult intake dose of total PBDEs was estimated to be 7.7 ng/kg body weight/day, and children's estimated intakes were higher at 49.3 ng/kg/day for ages 1-5, 14.4 ng/kg/day for 6-11, and 9.1 ng/kg/day for 12-19. The much higher dose for the child age 1-5 was due to the doubling of dust ingestion from 50 to 100 mg/day. The predicted adult body burden of total PBDEs was 33.8 ng/kg lipid weight (lwt),compared to representative measurements in blood and milk at 64.0 and 93.7 ng/g lwt, respectively Most of this apparent underprediction in total concentration was due to an underprediction of the key congener, BDE 47. The value for BDE 47 half-life in the body was identified as the variable most likely in error in this exercise. Other congener predictions compared well with measurements, suggesting general validity with the approach. An important finding from this assessment is that the food intake estimate of about 1.3 ng/kg/day (of the 7.7 ng/kg/day total) cannot explain current US body burdens; exposures to PBDEs in house dust accounted for 82% of the overall estimated intakes.
C1 [Lorber, Matthew] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov
NR 93
TC 274
Z9 291
U1 8
U2 120
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 1
BP 2
EP 19
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500572
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 243TR
UT WOS:000251820700002
PM 17426733
ER
PT J
AU Tulve, NS
Egeghy, PP
Fortmann, RC
Whitaker, DA
Nishioka, MG
Naeher, LP
Hilliard, A
AF Tulve, Nicolle S.
Egeghy, Peter P.
Fortmann, Roy C.
Whitaker, Donald A.
Nishioka, Marcia G.
Naeher, Luke P.
Hilliard, Aaron
TI Multimedia measurements and activity patterns in an observational pilot
study of nine young children
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE multimedia; activity patterns; young children; pyrethroids;
chlorpyrifos; permethrin; cypermethrin; observational study; residential
ID ORGANOPHOSPHORUS PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS;
PROBABILITY-BASED SAMPLE; 1990/1992 GERES II; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN;
AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY; EVERYDAY ENVIRONMENTS; PYRETHROID PESTICIDES;
AGGREGATE EXPOSURES; WASHINGTON-STATE
AB A pilot observational exposure study was performed to evaluate methods for collecting multimedia measurements (air, dust, food, urine) and activity patterns to assess potential exposures of young children to pesticides in their homes. Nine children (mean age 5 years) and their caregivers participated in this study, performed in the Duval County, Florida, in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Duval County Health Department. For all nine children, the total time reported for sleeping and napping ranged from 9.5 to 14 h per day, indoor quiet time from 0 to 5.5 h per day, indoor active time from 0.75 to 5.5 h per day, outdoor quiet time from 0 to 1.5 h per day, and outdoor active time from 0.5 to 6.5 h per day. Each home had one to three pesticide products present, with aerosols being most common. Pesticide inventories, however, were not useful for predicting pesticide levels in the home. Synthetic pyrethroids were the most frequently identified active ingredients in the products present in each home. Fifteen pesticide active ingredients were measured in the application area wipes (not detected (ND) to 580 ng/cm(2)), 13 in the play area wipes (ND-117 ng/cm(2)), and 14 in the indoor air samples (ND-378 ng/m(3)) and the socks (ND-1000 ng/cm(2)). Cis-permethrin, trans-permethrin, and cypermethrin were measured in all nine homes. Chlorpyrifos was measured in all nine homes even though it was not reported used by the participants. All urine samples contained measurable concentrations of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA). The median 3-PBA urinary concentration for the nine children was 2.2 mu g/l. A wide variety of pesticide active ingredients were measured in these nine homes at median concentrations that were often higher than reported previously in similar studies. These data highlight the need for additional observational studies in regions where pesticides are used in order to understand the factors that affect young children's exposures and the education/mitigation strategies that can be used to reduce children's exposures.
C1 [Tulve, Nicolle S.; Egeghy, Peter P.; Fortmann, Roy C.; Whitaker, Donald A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Nishioka, Marcia G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
[Naeher, Luke P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Hilliard, Aaron] Duval Cty Hlth Dept, Div Environm Hlth & Engn, Jacksonville, FL 32211 USA.
RP Tulve, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, MD-E205-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM tulve.nicolle@epa.gov
NR 50
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 11
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 1
BP 31
EP 44
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500600
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 243TR
UT WOS:000251820700004
PM 17851450
ER
PT J
AU Ozkaynak, H
Palma, T
Touma, JS
Thurman, J
AF Oezkaynak, Haluk
Palma, Ted
Touma, Jawad S.
Thurman, James
TI Modeling population exposures to outdoor sources of hazardous air
pollutants
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE air toxics; commuting; hazardous air pollutants; microenvironment;
modeling; population exposure; time-activity
ID DAILY MORTALITY; POLLUTION; INDOOR; PARTICULATE; ASSOCIATION;
CALIFORNIA; BENZENE; TOXICS
AB Accurate assessment of human exposures is an important part of environmental health effects research. However, most air pollution epidemiology studies rely upon imperfect surrogates of personal exposures, such as information based on available central-site outdoor concentration monitoring or modeling data. In this paper, we examine the limitations of using outdoor concentration predictions instead of modeled personal exposures for over 30 gaseous and particulate hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) in the US. The analysis uses the results from an air quality dispersion model (the ASPEN or Assessment System for Population Exposure Nationwide model) and an inhalation exposure model (the HAPEM or Hazardous Air Pollutant Exposure Model, Version 5), applied by the US. Environmental protection Agency during the 1999 National Air Toxic Assessment (NATA) in the US. Our results show that the total predicted chronic exposure concentrations of outdoor HAPs from all sources are lower than the modeled ambient concentrations by about 20% on average for most gaseous HAPs and by about 60% on average for most particulate HAPs (mainly, due to the exclusion of indoor sources from our modeling analysis and lower infiltration of particles indoors). On the other hand, the HAPEM/ASPEN concentration ratio averages for on road mobile source exposures were found to be greater than 1 (around 1.20) for most mobile-source related HAPs (e.g. 1, 3-butadiene, acetaldehyde, benzene, formaldehyde) reflecting the importance of near-roadway and commuting environments on personal exposures to HAPs. The distribution of the ratios of personal to ambient concentrations was found to be skewed for a number of the VOCs and reactive HAPs associated with major source emissions, indicating the importance of personal mobility factors. We conclude that the increase in personal exposures from the corresponding predicted ambient levels tends to occur near locations where there are either major emission sources of HAPs or when individuals are exposed to either on-or nonroad sources of HAPs during their daily activities. These findings underscore the importance of applying exposure-modeling methods, which incorporate information on time-activity, commuting, and exposure factors data, for the purposes of assigning exposures in air pollution health studies.
C1 [Oezkaynak, Haluk] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Palma, Ted; Thurman, James] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Touma, Jawad S.] US EPA, Nat Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atmospher Sci Modelling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Ozkaynak, H (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM ozkaynak.haluk@epa.gov
NR 29
TC 57
Z9 58
U1 3
U2 25
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 1
BP 45
EP 58
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500612
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 243TR
UT WOS:000251820700005
PM 17878926
ER
PT J
AU Arega, F
Lee, JHW
Tang, HW
AF Arega, Feleke
Lee, Joseph H. W.
Tang, Hong-wu
TI Hydraulic jet control for river junction design of Yuen Long Bypass
Floodway, Hong Kong
SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
LA English
DT Article
ID CHANNEL JUNCTIONS; FLOW; MODEL; DISPERSION; SCHEMES
AB The Yuen Long Bypass Floodway (YLBF) was designed to collect flows from the Sham Chung River (SCR) and the San Hui Nullah (SHN) and to serve as a diversion channel of the Yuen Long Main Nullah (YLMN). Under a 200-year return period design condition, the floodway was designed (1) to divert a flow of approximately 38 m(3)/s from the supercritical YLMN flow and (2) to convey a total combined flow of 278 m(3)/s to downstream within acceptable flood levels. The success of the design depends critically on complicated junction flow interactions that cannot be resolved by 1D unsteady flow models. These features include the supercritical-subcritical flow transition at the San Hui-Floodway (SHN-YLBF) junction and the diversion of part of the supercritical flow from the Main Nullah (YLMN). A laboratory Froude scale physical model was constructed to study water stages and flow characteristics in the floodway and to investigate optimal design arrangements at channel junctions and transitions. This paper summarizes the main features of the unique river junction network, in particular the use of the hydraulic jet principle at the SHN-YLBF junction to lower flood levels. In addition, a numerical flow model is employed to study flow details at the river junctions. The model is based on the general 2D shallow water equations in strong conservation form. The equations are discretized using the total variation diminishing finite-volume method which captures the discontinuity in hydraulic jumps. The numerical model predictions are well supported by the laboratory data, and the theoretical and experimental results offer useful insights for the design of urban flood control schemes under tight space constraints.
C1 [Arega, Feleke] S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Columbia, SC 29201 USA.
[Tang, Hong-wu] Hohai Univ, Coll Water Conservancy & Hydropower Engn, Nanjing 210098, Peoples R China.
[Lee, Joseph H. W.] Univ Hong Kong, Dept Civil Engn, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
[Arega, Feleke] US EPA, NRC Res Associate, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Arega, F (reprint author), S Carolina Dept Nat Resources, Columbia, SC 29201 USA.
EM aregaf@dnr.gov; hreclhw@hkucc.hku.hk
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 3
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9429
EI 1943-7900
J9 J HYDRAUL ENG
JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 134
IS 1
BP 23
EP 33
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2008)134:1(23)
PG 11
WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 252GR
UT WOS:000252435500003
ER
PT J
AU Campbell, R
Cooper, GS
Gilkeson, GS
AF Campbell, R.
Cooper, G. S.
Gilkeson, G. S.
TI The economic burden of systemic lupus erythematosus among patients of
the carolina lupus study early in the course of disease
SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Southern Regional Meeting of the
American-Federation-for-Medical-Research
CY FEB 12-14, 2008
CL New Orleans, LA
SP Amer Federat Med Res, So Reg
C1 [Campbell, R.; Gilkeson, G. S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC USA.
[Cooper, G. S.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA.
[Gilkeson, G. S.] Ralph H Johnson Vet Adm Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU B C DECKER INC
PI HAMILTON
PA 50 KING STREET EAST, 2ND FLOOR, PO BOX 620, L C D 1, HAMILTON, ONTARIO
L8N 3K7, CANADA
SN 1081-5589
J9 J INVEST MED
JI J. Invest. Med.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 56
IS 1
MA 142
BP 390
EP 390
PG 1
WC Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 257IV
UT WOS:000252793301292
ER
PT J
AU Mundargi, RC
Patil, SA
Kulkarni, PV
Mallikarjuna, NN
Aminabhavi, TM
AF Mundargi, R. C.
Patil, S. A.
Kulkarni, P. V.
Mallikarjuna, N. N.
Aminabhavi, T. M.
TI Sequential interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel microspheres of
poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) for oral controlled drug
delivery to intestine
SO JOURNAL OF MICROENCAPSULATION
LA English
DT Article
DE microspheres; methacrylic acid; pH sensitive; ibuprofen; controlled
delivery
ID CONTROLLED-RELEASE; POLY(ACRYLIC ACID); IN-VITRO; SODIUM; WATER;
DIFFUSION; MICROGELS; IBUPROFEN; BEHAVIOR; BLENDS
AB Sequential interpenetrating networks of poly(methacrylic acid) and poly(vinyl alcohol) have been prepared and cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to obtain pH sensitive microspheres by a water-in-oil emulsification method. Microspheres have been used to deliver the chosen model anti-inflammatory drug viz., ibuprofen to the intestine. Ibuprofen was encapsulated up to 70% within polymeric matrices. The interpenetrating polymer network formed was analysed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Differential scanning calorimetry and X-ray diffraction analyses were done on drug-loaded microspheres to confirm the polymorphism of ibuprofen. Results of this study indicated the molecular level dispersion of ibuprofen in the developed microspheres. Scanning electron microscopy confirmed the spherical nature and smooth surfaces of the microspheres produced. Mean particle size of the microspheres as measured by laser light scattering ranged between 51-176 mu m. Swelling was performed in the simulated gastric as well as the intestinal conditions. Microspheres showed a pulsatile swelling behaviour when pH of the swelling media was altered. The swelling data have been fitted to an empirical equation to understand water transport trends as well as to calculate the diffusion coefficients. Values of diffusion coefficients in acidic media were lower than those found in the basic media. Values of diffusion coefficients decrease with increasing cross-linking of the matrix. In vitro release studies have been performed in 1.2 and 7.4 pH media to simulate the gastric and intestinal conditions. The in vitro release results indicated a dependence on the pH of the release media, extent of cross-linking and the amount of drug loading. The release data were fitted to an empirical relation to estimate the transport parameters and thereby to understand the transport mechanism.
C1 [Aminabhavi, T. M.] Karnatak Univ, Drug Delivery Div, Ctr Excellence Polymer Sci, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India.
[Mundargi, R. C.; Patil, S. A.] Karnatak Univ, Dept Chem, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India.
[Kulkarni, P. V.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390 USA.
[Mallikarjuna, N. N.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Mundargi, RC (reprint author), Karnatak Univ, Drug Delivery Div, Ctr Excellence Polymer Sci, Dharwad 580003, Karnataka, India.
EM aminabhavi@yahoo.com
NR 31
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 7
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI LONDON
PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND
SN 0265-2048
J9 J MICROENCAPSUL
JI J. Microencapsul.
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 4
BP 228
EP 240
DI 10.1080/02652040801896435
PG 13
WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Chemistry; Engineering; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 302UV
UT WOS:000255996200002
PM 18465310
ER
PT J
AU Nadagouda, MN
Varma, RS
AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Green synthesis of Ag and Pd nanospheres, nanowires, and nanorods using
vitamin B(2): Catalytic polymerisation of aniline and pyrrole
SO JOURNAL OF NANOMATERIALS
LA English
DT Article
ID WET CHEMICAL-SYNTHESIS; LARGE-SCALE SYNTHESIS; GOLD NANORODS; SILVER
NANOPARTICLES; METAL NANOPARTICLES; POLYOL SYNTHESIS; NANOCRYSTALS;
SHAPE; SIZE; CHEMISTRY
AB For the first time, we report green chemistry approach using vitamin B(2) in the synthesis of silver (Ag) and palladium (Pd), nanospheres, nanowires, and nanorods at room temperature without using any harmful reducing agents, such as sodium borohydride (NaBH(4)) or hydroxylamine hydrochloride and any special capping or dispersing agent. Vitamin B(2) was used as reducing agent as well as capping agent due to its high-water solubility, biodegradability, and low-toxicity compared with other reducing agents. The average particle size of nanoprticle was found to be Ag (average size 6.1 +/- 0.1nm) and Pd (average size 4.1 +/- 0.1 nm) nanoparticles in ethylene glycol and Ag (average size 5.9 +/- 0.1 nm, and average size 6.1 +/- 0.1) nanoparticles in acetic acid and NMP, respectively. The formation of noble multiple shape nanostructures and their self assembly were dependent on the solvent employed for the preparation. When water was used as solvent media, Ag and Pd nanoparticles started to self-assemble into rod-like structures and in isopropanol Ag and Pd nanoparticles yielded wire-like structures with a thickness in the range of 10 to 20 nm and several hundred microns in length. In acetone and acetonitrile medium, the Ag and Pd nanoparticles are self-assembled into a regular pattern making nanorod structures with thicknesses ranging from 100 to 200nm and lengths of a few microns. The so-synthesized nanostructures were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis, and UV spectroscopy. The ensuing Ag and Pd nanoparticles catalyzed the reactions of aniline and pyrrole to generate polyaniline and polypyrrole nanofibers and may find various technological and biological applications. This single-step greener approach is general and can be extended to other noble metals and transition metal oxides. Copyright (C) 2008 M. N. Nadagouda and R. S. Varma.
C1 [Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 4
U2 61
PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION
PI NEW YORK
PA 410 PARK AVENUE, 15TH FLOOR, #287 PMB, NEW YORK, NY 10022 USA
SN 1687-4110
J9 J NANOMATER
JI J. Nanomater.
PY 2008
AR 782358
DI 10.1155/2008/782358
PG 8
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
GA 299UY
UT WOS:000255781700001
ER
PT J
AU Menetrez, MY
Foarde, K
Webber, TD
Dean, R
Betancourt, DA
AF Menetrez, M. Y.
Foarde, K.
Webber, T. D.
Dean, R.
Betancourt, D. A.
TI Testing antimicrobial paint efficacy on gypsum wallboard contaminated
with Stachybotrys chartarum
SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
DE antimicrobial; biocontaminant; efficacy; encapsulant; mold; paint;
Stachybotrys chartarum
ID PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE; GROWTH
AB The goal of this research was to reduce occupant exposure to indoor mold through the efficacy testing of antimicrobial paints. An accepted method for handling Stachybotrys chartarum-contaminated gypsum wallboard (GWB) is removal and replacement. This practice is also recommended for water-damaged or mold-contaminated GWB but is not always followed completely. The efficacy of antimicrobial paints to eliminate or control mold regrowth on surfaces can be tested easily on nonporous surfaces. The testing of antimicrobial efficacy on porous surfaces found in the indoor environment, such as gypsum wallboard, can be more complicated and prone to incorrect conclusions regarding residual organisms. The mold S. chartarum has been studied for toxin production and its occurrence in water-damaged buildings. Research to control its growth using seven different antimicrobial paints and two commonly used paints on contaminated, common gypsum wallboard was performed in laboratory testing at high relative humidity. The results indicate differences in antimicrobial efficacy for the period of testing, and that proper cleaning and resurfacing of GWB with an antimicrobial paint can be an option in those unique circumstances when removal may not be possible.
C1 [Menetrez, M. Y.; Dean, R.; Betancourt, D. A.] US EPA, Indoor Environm Management Branch, Off Res & Dev,Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Foarde, K.; Webber, T. D.] Res Triangle Inst, Ctr Engn & Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Menetrez, MY (reprint author), US EPA, Indoor Environm Management Branch, Off Res & Dev,Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM menetrez.marc@epa.gov
NR 12
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1545-9624
J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG
JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg.
PY 2008
VL 5
IS 2
BP 63
EP 66
DI 10.1080/15459620701778762
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 250ZU
UT WOS:000252340800002
PM 18041646
ER
PT J
AU Sarang, SS
Lukyanova, SM
Brown, DD
Cummings, BS
Gullans, SR
Schnellmann, RG
AF Sarang, Satinder S.
Lukyanova, Svetlana M.
Brown, Daniel D.
Cummings, Brian S.
Gullans, Steven R.
Schnellmann, Rick G.
TI Identification, coassembly, and activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid
receptor subunits in renal proximal tubular cells
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Article
ID ADULT-RAT BRAIN; GABA(A) RECEPTORS; EXPRESSION; SUBTYPES; RABBIT;
POPULATIONS
AB Although the properties and functions of GABA A receptors in the mammalian central nervous system have been well studied, the presence and significance of GABA A receptors in non-neural tissues are less clear. The goal of this study was to examine the expression of GABA A receptor alpha(1), alpha(2), alpha(4), alpha(5), beta(1), gamma(1), gamma(2), and delta subunits in the kidney and to determine whether these subunits coassemble to form an active renal epithelial cell GABA A receptor. Using reverse transcriptase products from RNA isolated from rat and rabbit kidney cortex and brain or cerebellum through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing of the PCR products, we revealed that rat kidney cortex contained the alpha(1), alpha(5), beta(1), gamma(1), and gamma(2) subunits and that they were similar to the neuronal subunits. Sequencing of the PCR products revealed that the rabbit kidney cortex contained the alpha(1) and alpha(2) subunits and that they were similar to their neuronal counterparts. Immunoprecipitation and immunoblot studies using GABA(A) receptor subunit-specific antibodies and detergent-solubilized rat kidney cortex membranes identified a GABA(A) receptor complex containing alpha(5), beta(1), and gamma(1). Isolated rat renal proximal tubular cells exhibited GABA-mediated, picrotoxin-sensitive Cl-36(-) uptake. These studies demonstrate the presence of numerous GABA A receptor subunits in the kidneys of two species, the assembly of the subunits into at least one novel receptor complex, and an active GABA A receptor in renal proximal tubular cells.
C1 [Lukyanova, Svetlana M.; Cummings, Brian S.; Schnellmann, Rick G.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
[Sarang, Satinder S.; Gullans, Steven R.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Harvard Ctr Neurol Dis, Cambridge, MA USA.
[Brown, Daniel D.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Schnellmann, RG (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, 280 Calhoun St,POB 250140, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
EM schnell@musc.edu
FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK-10079, DK-52946]
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA
SN 0022-3565
J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER
JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 324
IS 1
BP 376
EP 382
DI 10.1124/jpet.107.129957
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 245GM
UT WOS:000251923100044
PM 17959749
ER
PT J
AU Cadle, SH
Ayala, A
Black, KN
Graze, RR
Koupal, J
Minassian, F
Murray, HB
Natarajan, M
Tennant, CJ
Lawson, DR
AF Cadle, Steven H.
Ayala, Alberto
Black, Kevin N.
Graze, R. Rob
Koupal, John
Minassian, Fred
Murray, Hannah B.
Natarajan, Mani
Tennant, Christopher J.
Lawson, Douglas R.
TI Real-world vehicle emissions: A summary of the seventeenth Coordinating
Research Council On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
AB The Coordinating Research Council, Inc. (CRC) held its 17th On-Road Vehicle Emissions Workshop in. March 2007, where results of the most recent on-road vehicle emissions research were presented. We summarize ongoing Work from researchers who are engaged in improving our understanding of the role and contribution of mobile sources to ambient air quality and emission inventories. Participants in the Workshop discussed efforts,to improve mobile source emission models, light- and heavy-duty vehicle emissions measurements, on- and off-road emissions measurements, effects of fuels and lubricating oils on emissions, as well as emerging issues and topics for future research.
C1 [Lawson, Douglas R.] NREL, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
[Cadle, Steven H.] Gen Motors R&D Ctr, Warren, MI USA.
[Ayala, Alberto] Calif Air Resources Board, Sacramento, CA USA.
[Black, Kevin N.] Fed Highway Adm, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Graze, R. Rob] Caterpillar Inc, Mossville, IL USA.
[Koupal, John] US EPA, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Minassian, Fred] S Coast Air Qual Management Dist, Diamond Bar, CA USA.
[Murray, Hannah B.] Toyota Tech Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
[Natarajan, Mani] Marathon Petr LLC, Findlay, OH USA.
[Tennant, Christopher J.] Coordinating Res Council Inc, Alpharetta, GA USA.
RP Lawson, DR (reprint author), NREL, 1617 Cole Blvd, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
EM doug_lawson@nrel.gov
NR 0
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 2
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 1
BP 3
EP 11
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.1.3
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 248PA
UT WOS:000252165100002
PM 18236789
ER
PT J
AU Cardoso, AJ
Levine, AD
Rhea, LR
AF Cardoso, Antonio J.
Levine, Audrey D.
Rhea, Lisa R.
TI Batch test assessment of waste-to-energy combustion residues impacts on
precipitate formation in landfill leachate collection systems
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID MUNICIPAL SOLID-WASTE; AIR-POLLUTION CONTROL; BOTTOM ASH; INCINERATION;
DISPOSAL; RELEASE; MSWI
AB Disposal practices for bottom ash and fly ash from waste-to-energy (WTE) facilities include emplacement in Ash monofills or co-disposal with municipal solid waste (MSW) and residues from water and wastewater treatment facilities. In some cases, WTE residues are used as daily cover in landfills that receive MSW. A recurring problem in many landfills is the development of calcium-based precipitates in leachate collection systems. Although MSW contains varying levels of calcium, WTE residues and treatment plant sludges have the potential to contribute concentrated sources of leachable minerals into landfill leachates. This study was conducted to evaluate the leachability of calcium and other minerals from residues generated by WTE combustion using residues obtained from three WTE facilities in Florida (two mass-burn and one refuse-derived fuel). Leaching potential was quantified as a function of contact time and lliquid-to-solid ratios with batch tests and longer term leaching tests using laboratory lysimeters to simulate an ash monofill containing fly ash and bottom ash. The leachate generated as a result of these tests had total dissolved solid (TDS) levels ranging from S to 320 mg TDS/g ash. Calcium was a major contributor to the TDS values, contributing from 20 to 105 g calcium/kg ash. Fly ash was a major contributor of leachable calcium. Precipitate formation in leachates from WTE combustion residues could be induced by adding mineral acids or through gas dissolution (carbon dioxide or air). Stabilization of residual calcium in fly ashes that are landfilled and/or the use of less leachable neutralization reagents during processing of acidic gases from WTE facilities could help to decrease the calcium levels in leachates and help to prevent precipitate formation in leachate collection systems.
C1 [Cardoso, Antonio J.] Arcadis US Inc, Tampa, FL 33637 USA.
[Levine, Audrey D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Rhea, Lisa R.] Jones Edmunds & Assoc Inc, Tampa, FL USA.
RP Cardoso, AJ (reprint author), Arcadis US Inc, 14055 Riveredge Dr,Suite 400, Tampa, FL 33637 USA.
EM Antonio.Cardoso@arcadis-us.com
NR 32
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 2
U2 10
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 1
BP 19
EP 26
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.1.19
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 248PA
UT WOS:000252165100004
PM 18236791
ER
PT J
AU Carter, C
Eatough, NL
Eatough, DJ
Olson, N
Long, RW
AF Carter, Cory
Eatough, Norman L.
Eatough, Delbert J.
Olson, Neal
Long, Russell W.
TI Comparison of speciation sampler and PC-BOSS fine particulate matter
organic material results obtained in Lindon, Utah, during winter
2001-2002
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID LOS-ANGELES BASIN; PM2.5 MASS; AEROSOL; PARTICLES; SYSTEM
AB The Particle Concentrator-Brigham Young University Organic Sampling System (PC-BOSS) has been previously verified as being capable of measuring total fine particulate matter (PM2.5), including semi-volatile species. The present study was conducted to determine if the simple modification of a commercial speciation sampler with a charcoal denuder followed by a filter pack containing a quartz filter and a charcoal-impregnated glass (CIG) fiber filter would allow for the measurement of total PM2.5, including semi-volatile organic material. Data were collected using an R&P (Rupprecht and Pastasnik Co., Inc.) Partisol Model 2300 speciation sampler; an R&P Partisol speciation sampler modified with a BOSS denuder, followed by a filter pack with a quartz and a CIG filter, a Met One spiral aerosol speciation sampler (SASS); and the PC-BOSS from November 2001 to March 2002 at a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science to Achieve Results (STAR) sampling site in Lindon, UT. Total PM2.5 mass, ammonium nitrate (both nonvolatile and semi-volatile), ammonium sulfate, organic carbon (both non-volatile and semi-volatile), and elemental carbon were determined on a 24-hr basis. Results obtained with the individual samplers were compared to determine the capability of the modified R&P speciation sampler for measuring total PM2.5 including semi-volatile components. Data obtained with the modified speciation sampler agreed with the PC-BOSS results. Data obtained with the two unmodified speciation samplers were low by an average of 26% because of the loss of semi-volatile organic material from the quartz filter during sample collection.
C1 [Carter, Cory; Eatough, Norman L.; Eatough, Delbert J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Olson, Neal] Utah State Dept Environm Qual, Air Monitoring Div, Salt Lake City, UT USA.
[Long, Russell W.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Eatough, DJ (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, E114 Benson Bldg,POB 25700, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM Delbert_eatough@byu.edu
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 1
BP 65
EP 71
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.1.65
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 248PA
UT WOS:000252165100008
PM 18236795
ER
PT J
AU Grover, BD
Kleinman, M
Eatough, NL
Eatough, DJ
Cary, RA
Hopke, PK
Wilson, WE
AF Grover, Brett D.
Kleinman, Michael
Eatough, Norman L.
Eatough, Delbert J.
Cary, Robert A.
Hopke, Philip K.
Wilson, William E.
TI Measurement of fine particulate matter nonvolatile and semi-volatile
organic material with the Sunset Laboratory Carbon Aerosol Monitor
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-POLLUTION; PM2.5; PARTICLES; MASS
AB Semi-volatile organic material (SVOM) in fine particles is not reliably measured with conventional semicontinuous carbon monitors because SVOM is lost from the collection media during sample collection. We have modified a Sunset Laboratory Carbon Aerosol Monitor to allow for the determination of SVOM. In a conventional Sunset monitor, gas-phase organic compounds are removed in the sampled airstream by a diffusion denuder employing charcoal-impregnated cellulose filter (CIF) surfaces. Subsequently, particles are collected on a quartz filter and the instrument then determines both the organic carbon and elemental carbon fractions of the aerosol using a thermal/optical method. However, some of the SVOM is lost from the filter during collection, and therefore is not determined. Because the interfering gas-phase organic compounds are removed before aerosol collection, the SVOM can be determined by filtering the particles at the instrument inlet and then replacing the quartz filter in the monitor with a charcoal-impregnated glass fiber filter (CIG), which retains the SVOM lost from particles collected on the inlet filter. The resulting collected SVOM is then determined in the analysis step by measurement of the carbonaceous material thermally evolved from the CIG filter. This concept was tested during field studies in February 2003 in Lindon, UT, and in July 2003 in Rubidoux, CA. The results obtained were validated by comparison with Particle Concentrator-Brigham Young University Organic Sampling System (PC-BOSS) results. The sum of nonvolatile organic material determined with a conventional Sunset monitor and SVOM determined with the modified Sunset monitor agree with the PC-BOSS results. Linear regression analysis of total carbon concentrations determined by the PC-BOSS and the Sunset resulted in a zero-intercept slope of 0.99 +/- 0.02 (R-2 = 0.92) and a precision of sigma = +/- 1.5 mu g C/m(3) (8%).
C1 [Grover, Brett D.; Kleinman, Michael; Eatough, Norman L.; Eatough, Delbert J.] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
[Cary, Robert A.] Sunset Lab Inc, Forest Grove, OR USA.
[Hopke, Philip K.] Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY USA.
[Wilson, William E.] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Eatough, DJ (reprint author), Brigham Young Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, E114 Benson Bldg,POB 25700, Provo, UT 84602 USA.
EM Delbert_eatough@byu.edu
RI Hopke, Philip/C-6020-2008
OI Hopke, Philip/0000-0003-2367-9661
NR 23
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 6
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1096-2247
EI 2162-2906
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 1
BP 72
EP 77
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.1.72
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 248PA
UT WOS:000252165100009
PM 18236796
ER
PT J
AU Solomon, PA
Hopke, PK
Froines, J
Scheffe, R
AF Solomon, Paul A.
Hopke, Philip K.
Froines, John
Scheffe, Richard
TI Key Scientific Findings and Policy- and Health-Relevant Insights from
the US Environmental Protection Agency's Particulate Matter Supersites
Program and Related Studies: An Integration and Synthesis of Results
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Review
ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; NEW-YORK-CITY; LOS-ANGELES BASIN; PITTSBURGH
AIR-QUALITY; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POSITIVE MATRIX
FACTORIZATION; SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; FINE-PARTICLE EMISSIONS;
SAN-JOAQUIN VALLEY; COMPREHENSIVE PERFORMANCE EVALUATION
AB In 1998, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated a major air quality program known as the Particulate Matter (PM) Supersites Program. The Supersites Program was a multiyear, $27 million air quality monitoring program consisting of eight regional air quality projects located throughout the United States, each with differing atmospheric pollution conditions resulting from variations in source emissions and meteorology. The overall goal of the program was to elucidate source-receptor relationships and atmospheric processes leading to PM accumulation on urban and regional scales; thus providing the scientific underpinning for modeling and data analysis efforts to support State Implementation Plans and more effective risk management approaches for PM. The program had three main objectives: (1) conduct methods development and evaluation, (2) characterize ambient PM, and (3) support health effects and exposure research. This paper provides a synthesis of key scientific findings from the Supersites Program and related studies. EPA developed 16 science/policy-relevant questions in conjunction with state and other federal agencies, Regional Planning Organizations, and the private sector. These questions were addressed to the extent possible, even given the vast amount of new information available from the Supersites Program, in a series of papers published as a special issue of the Journal of Air & Waste Management Association (February 2008).
This synthesis also includes discussions of: (1) initial Supersites Program support for air quality management efforts in specific locations throughout the United States; (2) selected policy-relevant insights, based on atmospheric sciences findings, useful to air quality managers and decision makers planning emissions management strategies to address current and future PM National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) and network planning and implementation; (3) selected health-relevant insights interpreted from atmospheric sciences findings in light of future directions for health and exposure scientists planning studies of the effects of PM on human health; and (4) selected knowledge gaps to guide future research. Finally, given the scope and depth of research and findings from the Supersites Program, this paper provides a reference source so readers can glean a general understanding of the overall research conducted and its policy-relevant insights. Supporting details for the results presented are available through the cited references. An annotated table of contents allows readers to easily find specific subject matter within the text.
C1 [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Hopke, Philip K.] Clarkson Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, CARES, Potsdam, NY USA.
[Froines, John] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Scheffe, Richard] US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
RI Hopke, Philip/C-6020-2008
OI Hopke, Philip/0000-0003-2367-9661
FU Canadian Government; Global Systems Division, Demonstration Branch, NOAA
(Margot H. Ackley, Division Chief); EPA through its Office of Research
and Development [CR828057-01]; Desert Research Institute, Reno, NV
[CR828058-01]; University of Washington, St. Louis, MO [CR828059-01];
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA [CR828060-01]; State
University of New York, Albany, NY [CR828061-01]; Carnegie Mellon
University, Pittsburgh, PA [CR828062-01]; University of Texas, Austin,
TX [CR828063-01]; University of Maryland, College Park, MD
[CR824849-01]; Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA
FX The authors thank the Supersites Program PIS and their colleagues who
assisted in the preparation of the technical papers in support of this
integrated synthesis and whose efforts throughout the Supersites Program
led to an extremely successful program. The authors also acknowledge
participation in the ESP and in the population of the SIRD by the many
related study Pis and colleagues who helped make the ESP and the overall
Supersites Program an even greater success than originally envisioned,
by expanding the scope of each program not only regionally, but
nationally and internationally. Support for Supersites Program related
studies came from the private and public sectors, the latter including
local, state, and federal agencies, as well as internationally with
cooperation from the Canadian Government. Support from the Global
Systems Division, Demonstration Branch, NOAA (Margot H. Ackley, Division
Chief) is greatly appreciated for their assistance to archive radar
profiler data during the entire ESP period for inclusion in SIRD.
Appreciation is given to Dr. Daniel Costa, National Program Manager for
Air Research, EPA, who provided internal peer-review of this manuscript.
EPA through its Office of Research and Development partially funded and
collaborated in the research described here under the following
assistance agreements: CR828057-01 to the Desert Research Institute,
Reno, NV; CR828058-01 to the University of Washington, St. Louis, MO;
CR828059-01 to the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA;
CR828060-01 to the State University of New York, Albany, NY; CR828061-01
to Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA; CR828062-01 to the
University of Texas, Austin, TX; CR828063-01 to the University of
Maryland, College Park, MD; and CR824849-01 to the Georgia Institute of
Technology, Atlanta, GA. This manuscript has been subjected to agency
review and approved for publication. Mention of trade names or
commercial products does not constitute endorsement, certification, or
recommendation for use.
NR 544
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 29
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1096-2247
EI 2162-2906
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 13
SU S
SI SI
BP S3
EP S92
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.13.S-3
PG 90
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 384KG
UT WOS:000261743100002
PM 19202993
ER
PT J
AU Solomon, PA
Hopke, PK
AF Solomon, Paul A.
Hopke, Philip K.
TI The US Environmental Protection Agency's Particulate Matter Supersites
Program: An Integrated Synthesis of Scientific Findings and Policy- and
Health-Relevant Insights INTRODUCTION
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Solomon, Paul A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Hopke, Philip K.] Clarkson Univ, CARES, Potsdam, NY USA.
RP Solomon, PA (reprint author), 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
RI Hopke, Philip/C-6020-2008
OI Hopke, Philip/0000-0003-2367-9661
NR 0
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PY 2008
VL 58
IS 13
BP S1
EP S2
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.58.13.S-1
PG 2
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 384KG
UT WOS:000261743100001
PM 19202992
ER
PT J
AU Rappold, AG
Gelfand, AE
Holland, DM
AF Rappold, Ana G.
Gelfand, Alan E.
Holland, David M.
TI Modelling mercury deposition through latent space-time processes
SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL STATISTICAL SOCIETY SERIES C-APPLIED STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE interpolation; misalignment; multivariate dynamic model; stationarity in
space; stationarity in time
ID AMBIENT PM10 FIELD; SPATIAL PREDICTION; OZONE; EXPOSURE
AB The paper provides a space-time process model for total wet mercury deposition. Key methodological features that are introduced include direct modelling of deposition rather than of expected deposition, the utilization of precipitation information (there is no deposition without precipitation) without having to construct a precipitation model and the handling of point masses at 0 in the distributions of both precipitation and deposition. The result is a specification that enables spatial interpolation and temporal prediction of deposition as well as aggregation in space or time to see patterns and trends in deposition. We use weekly deposition monitoring data from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program-Mercury Deposition Network for 2003 restricted to the eastern USA and Canada. Our spatiotemporal hierarchical model allows us to interpolate to arbitrary locations and, hence, to an arbitrary grid, enabling weekly deposition surfaces (with associated uncertainties) for this region. It also allows us to aggregate weekly depositions at coarser, quarterly and annual, temporal levels.
C1 [Rappold, Ana G.; Holland, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Gelfand, Alan E.] Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA.
RP Rappold, AG (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM rappold.ana@epa.gov
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES014843-01A2, R01 ES014843]
NR 28
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0035-9254
J9 J R STAT SOC C-APPL
JI J. R. Stat. Soc. Ser. C-Appl. Stat.
PY 2008
VL 57
BP 187
EP 205
DI 10.1111/j.1467-9876.2007.00608.x
PN 2
PG 19
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 267BT
UT WOS:000253484100004
PM 19173009
ER
PT J
AU Cote, I
Samet, J
Vandenberg, JJ
AF Cote, Ila
Samet, Jonathan
Vandenberg, John J.
TI US air quality management: Local, regional and global approaches
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 4th NERAM Colloquium on International Perspectives on Air Quality
CY JAN 31-FEB 01, 2005
CL Natl Inst Public Hlth, Cuernavaca, MEXICO
SP Network Environm Risk Assessment & Management
HO Natl Inst Public Hlth
AB The purpose of this article is to review approaches to air quality management (AQM) in the United States. To characterize AQM in the United States, four examples that addressed local, regional, and global scale air pollution are described. These examples include: (1) the Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs) program, (2) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) program, (3) "Cap & Trade" programs, and (4) U.S. global pollution control efforts. These four examples were chosen because each presents a different approach to AQM. This was not intended to be a comprehensive description of U.S. AQM programs, but rather representative of selected examples that highlight the themes of this program. Some general principles that are illustrated in the article and are considered important characteristics of U.S. AQM are:
Ensure open access to information and transparency in decision making.
Develop and sustain a well-trained workforce.
Facilitate training, networking, and technology transfer among air quality managers.
Integrate planning and coordination of efforts across jurisdictions (across federal, state, and local agencies).
Educate and encourage participation of stakeholders.
Balance of societal benefits and costs.
Apply innovative approaches, where possible.
Fund research to improve the scientific basis for problem identification and effective AQM strategy development.
C1 [Cote, Ila] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Samet, Jonathan] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA.
[Vandenberg, John J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Cote, I (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM cote.ila@epa.gov
OI Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 1-2
BP 63
EP 73
DI 10.1080/15287390701557917
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 249IG
UT WOS:000252220900011
PM 18080896
ER
PT J
AU Foos, B
Sonawane, B
AF Foos, Brenda
Sonawane, Babasaheb
TI Overview: Workshop on children's inhalation dosimetry and health effects
for risk assessment
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Foos, Brenda] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Sonawane, Babasaheb] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Foos, B (reprint author), US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, 1200 Penn Ave,NW,MC 1107A, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM foos.brenda@epa.gov
NR 8
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 147
EP 148
DI 10.1080/15287390701597855
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400001
PM 18097942
ER
PT J
AU Foos, B
Marty, M
Schwartz, J
Bennett, W
Moya, J
Jarabek, AM
Salmon, AG
AF Foos, Brenda
Marty, Melanie
Schwartz, Joel
Bennett, William
Moya, Jacqueline
Jarabek, Annie M.
Salmon, Andrew G.
TI Focusing on children's inhalation dosimetry and health effects for risk
assessment: An introduction
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; AMBIENT AIR-POLLUTION;
POSTNEONATAL INFANT-MORTALITY; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHILDREN; CHRONIC
RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN; DIESEL EXHAUST
PARTICLES; AEROSOL DEPOSITION; OZONE EXPOSURE
AB Substantial effort has been invested in improving children's health risk assessment in recent years. However, the body of scientific evidence in support of children's health assessment is constantly advancing, indicating the need for continual updating of risk assessment methods. Children's inhalation dosimetry and child-specific adverse health effects are of particular concern for risk assessment. When focusing on this topic within children's health, key issues for consideration include (1) epidemiological evidence of adverse effects following children's exposure to air pollution, (2) ontogeny of the lungs and effects on dosimetry, (3) estimation and variability of children's inhalation rates, and (4) current risk assessment methodologies for addressing children. In this article, existing and emerging information relating to these key issues are introduced and discussed in an effort to better understand children's inhalation dosimetry and adverse health effects for risk assessment. While much useful evidence is currently available, additional research and methods are warranted for improved children's health risk assessment.
C1 [Foos, Brenda] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Marty, Melanie; Salmon, Andrew G.] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA USA.
[Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Bennett, William] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lund Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Moya, Jacqueline; Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Foos, B (reprint author), US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, MC 1107A,1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM foos.brenda@epa.gov
NR 133
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 149
EP 165
DI 10.1080/15287390701597871
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400002
PM 18097943
ER
PT J
AU Ginsberg, GL
Asgharian, B
Kimbell, JS
Ultman, JS
Jarabek, AM
AF Ginsberg, Gary L.
Asgharian, Bahman
Kimbell, Julia S.
Ultman, James S.
Jarabek, Annie M.
TI Modeling approaches for estimating the dosimetry of inhaled toxicants in
children
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATIONAL FLUID-DYNAMICS; HUMAN RESPIRATORY-TRACT; MULTIPLE-PATH
MODEL; RAT NASAL PASSAGES; HUMAN-LUNG; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; AEROSOL
DEPOSITION; AIR-POLLUTION; RISK-ASSESSMENT; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE
AB Risk assessment of inhaled toxicants has typically focused upon adults, with modeling used to extrapolate dosimetry and risks from lab animals to humans. However, behavioral factors such as time spent playing outdoors may lead to more exposure to inhaled toxicants in children. Depending on the inhaled agent and the age and size of the child, children may receive a greater internal dose than adults because of greater ventilation rate per body weight or lung surface area, or metabolic differences may result in different tissue burdens. Thus, modeling techniques need to be adapted to children in order to estimate inhaled dose and risk in this potentially susceptible life stage. This paper summarizes a series of inhalation dosimetry presentations from the U.S. EPA's Workshop on Inhalation Risk Assessment in Children held on June 8-9, 2006 in Washington, DC. These presentations demonstrate how existing default models for particles and gases may be adapted for children, and how more advanced modeling of toxicant deposition and interaction in respiratory airways takes into account children's anatomy and physiology. These modeling efforts identify child-adult dosimetry differences in respiratory tract regions that may have implications for children's vulnerability to inhaled toxicants. A decision framework is discussed that considers these different approaches and modeling structures including assessment of parameter values, supporting data, reliability, and selection of dose metrics.
C1 [Ginsberg, Gary L.] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT 06134 USA.
[Asgharian, Bahman; Kimbell, Julia S.] Hammer Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Ultman, James S.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Ginsberg, GL (reprint author), Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, 410 Capitol Ave,Mail Stop 11 CHA, Hartford, CT 06134 USA.
EM gary.ginsberg@po.state.ct.us
NR 124
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 166
EP 195
DI 10.1080/15287390701597889
PG 30
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400003
PM 18097944
ER
PT J
AU Selgrade, MK
Plopper, CG
Gilmour, MI
Conolly, RB
Foos, BSP
AF Selgrade, MaryJane K.
Plopper, Charles G.
Gilmour, M. Ian
Conolly, Rory B.
Foos, Brenda S. P.
TI Assessing the health effects and risks associated with children's
inhalation exposures - Asthma and allergy
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID HOUSE-DUST MITE; INFANT RHESUS-MONKEYS; MESENCHYMAL TROPHIC UNIT;
BASEMENT-MEMBRANE ZONE; AIR-POLLUTION; POSTNATAL-DEVELOPMENT; OZONE
INHALATION; SENSITIZATION; RATS; RESPONSES
AB Adults and children may have different reactions to inhalation exposures due to differences in target tissue doses following similar exposures, and/or different stages in lung growth and development. In the case of asthma and allergy both the developing immune system and initial encounters with common allergens contribute to this differential susceptibility. Asthma, the most common chronic childhood disease, has significant public health impacts and is characterized by chronic lung inflammation, reversible airflow obstruction, and immune sensitization to allergens. Animal studies described here suggest that air pollutants exacerbate asthma symptoms and may also play a role in disease induction. Changes characteristic of asthma were observed in rhesus monkeys sensitized to house dust mite antigen (HDMA) as infants and exposed repeatedly thereafter to ozone (O-3) and HDMA. O-3 exposure compromised airway growth and development and exacerbated the allergen response to favor intermittent airway obstruction and wheeze. In Brown Norway rats a variety of air pollutants enhanced sensitization to HDMA such that symptoms elicited in response to subsequent allergen challenge were more severe. Although useful for assessing air pollutants effects on initial sensitization, the rodent immune system is immature at birth relative to humans, making this model less useful for studying differential effects between adults and children. Because computational models available to address children's inhalation exposures are limited, default adjustments and their associated uncertainty will continue to be used in children's inhalation risk assessment. Because asthma is a complex (multiple genes, phenotypes, organ systems) disease, this area is ripe for systems biology approaches.
C1 [Selgrade, MaryJane K.; Plopper, Charles G.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Selgrade, MaryJane K.; Gilmour, M. Ian] Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Conolly, Rory B.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Resp Dis Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
[Foos, Brenda S. P.] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Selgrade, MK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Off Res & Dev, MD-B14301, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM selgrade.maryjane@epa.gov
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES00628]
NR 63
TC 35
Z9 38
U1 0
U2 4
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 196
EP 207
DI 10.1080/15287390701597897
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400004
PM 18097945
ER
PT J
AU Firestone, M
Sonawane, B
Barone, S
Salmon, AG
Brown, JP
Hattis, D
Woodruff, T
AF Firestone, Michael
Sonawane, Babasaheb
Barone, Stanley, Jr.
Salmon, Andrew G.
Brown, Joseph P.
Hattis, Dale
Woodruff, Tracey
TI Potential new approaches for children's inhalation risk assessment
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID AGE-RELATED DIFFERENCES; BRONCHIAL RESPONSIVENESS; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE;
FLUX PREDICTIONS; VARIABILITY; DOSIMETRY; SUSCEPTIBILITY;
PHARMACOKINETICS; METHACHOLINE; FRAMEWORK
AB The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) practice of risk assessment is moving toward more thoroughly considering children's unique susceptibilities and exposure potential. Childhood is assessed as a sequence of life stages that reflects the fact that as humans develop, windows of susceptibility may appear that lead to enhanced sensitivity to exposure of environmental agents, while changes in behavior and physiology may increase exposure and dose. The U.S. EPA developed guidance in the past few years that addresses some aspects of increased susceptibility and exposure and dose. However, when it comes to considering inhalation exposure, dose, and risk, current U.S. EPA practice does not explicitly address children. The purpose here is to begin studying the adequacy of practice for children's health and to explore possible next steps in developing new methods to more accurately assess life-stage-specific differences. The existing guidelines and policies used to address potentially unique susceptibilities of children for inhaled environmental chemicals were considered, as well as what may be learned from examples of approaches that have been applied by state agencies (such as the California Environmental Protection Agency) or in the literature, to incorporate potentially unique susceptibilities and exposures to children. Finally, there is a discussion of possible approaches for considering inhalation exposure and susceptibility in U.S. EPA risk assessments.
C1 [Firestone, Michael] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Sonawane, Babasaheb; Barone, Stanley, Jr.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Salmon, Andrew G.; Brown, Joseph P.] Calif Environm Protect Agcy, Off Environm Hlth Hazard Assessment, Oakland, CA USA.
[Hattis, Dale] Clark Univ, George Perkins Marsh Inst, Worcester, MA 01610 USA.
[Woodruff, Tracey] US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Firestone, M (reprint author), US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect & Environm Educ, Mail Code 1107A,Ariel Rios Bldg,1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM firestone.michael@epa.gov
NR 66
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 208
EP 217
DI 10.1080/15287390701597905
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400005
PM 18097946
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, WD
Zeman, KL
Jarabek, AM
AF Bennett, William D.
Zeman, Kirby L.
Jarabek, Annie M.
TI Nasal contribution to breathing and fine particle deposition in children
versus adults
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID HALF-MICRON AEROSOLS; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; INHALED PARTICLES;
AIR-POLLUTION; BODY-SIZE; VENTILATION; EXERCISE; NOSE; RESISTANCE; RACE
AB Both the route of breathing, nasal versus oral, and the effectiveness of the nose to filter inhaled, fine particles may differ between children and adults. This study compared (1) the nasal contribution to breathing at rest and during mild to moderate exercise in children (age 6-10 yr) versus young adults and (2) the nasal deposition efficiency (NDE) of fine particles (1 and 2 m MMAD, GSD 1.2) under resting and light exercise breathing conditions in the same children and adults. Nasal contribution to breathing was assessed by respiratory inductance plethysmography and a nasal mask with flow meter during incremental exercise on a bicycle ergometer. Fine particle deposition fractions for nasal and oral breathing were assessed by inhalation of monodisperse carnauba wax particles and laser photometry to determine inhaled/exhaled concentrations. There was a trend for children to have a lesser nasal contribution to breathing at rest and during exercise, but the differences from adults were not statistically significant. Children did, however, have significantly decreased NDE for 2-m particles under light exercise breathing conditions compared to adults, suggesting less efficient nasal filtering for larger particles and higher flow conditions. These results suggest that the lungs of children may be exposed to higher concentrations of inhaled, ambient particles than adults.
C1 [Bennett, William D.; Zeman, Kirby L.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Jarabek, Annie M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Bennett, WD (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, CB 7310,104 Mason Farm Rd, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM William_Bennett@med.unc.edu
NR 32
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 2
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 227
EP 237
DI 10.1080/15287390701598200
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400007
PM 18097948
ER
PT J
AU Bateson, TF
Schwartz, J
AF Bateson, Thomas F.
Schwartz, Joel
TI Children's response to air pollutants
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; POSTNEONATAL
INFANT-MORTALITY; SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CHILDREN; CHRONIC RESPIRATORY
SYMPTOMS; DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA; PARTICULATE
MATTER; LUNG-FUNCTION; AMERICAN CHILDREN
AB It is important to focus on children with respect to air pollution because (1) their lungs are not completely developed, (2) they can have greater exposures than adults, and (3) those exposures can deliver higher doses of different composition that may remain in the lung for greater duration. The undeveloped lung is more vulnerable to assault and less able to fully repair itself when injury disrupts morphogenesis. Children spend more time outside, where concentrations of combustion-generated air pollution are generally higher. Children have higher baseline ventilation rates and are more physically active than adults, thus exposing their lungs to more air pollution. Nasal breathing in adults reduces some pollution concentrations, but children are more typically mouth-breathers - suggesting that the composition of the exposure mixture at the alveolar level may be different. Finally, higher ventilation rates and mouth-breathing may pull air pollutants deeper into children's lungs, thereby making clearance slower and more difficult. Children also have immature immune systems, which plays a significant role in asthma. The observed consequences of early life exposure to adverse levels of air pollutants include diminished lung function and increased susceptibility to acute respiratory illness and asthma. Exposure to diesel exhaust, in particular, is an area of concern for multiple endpoints, and deserves further research.
C1 [Bateson, Thomas F.] US EPA, NCEA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Bateson, TF (reprint author), US EPA, NCEA, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8623D, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM bateson.thomas@epa.gov
NR 83
TC 116
Z9 123
U1 5
U2 28
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 238
EP 243
DI 10.1080/15287390701598234
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400008
PM 18097949
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, CM
Grafstrom, RC
AF Thompson, Chad M.
Grafstrom, Roland C.
TI Mechanistic considerations for formaldehyde-induced bronchoconstriction
involving S-nitrosoglutathione reductase
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID EXHALED BREATH CONDENSATE; AIRWAY EPITHELIAL-CELLS;
ALCOHOL-DEHYDROGENASE; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE; NITRIC-OXIDE; ASTHMA;
NITROSOTHIOLS; EXPOSURE; ETHANOL; BRONCHODILATOR
AB Inhalation of formaldehyde vapor has long been suspected of producing airway pathophysiology such as asthma and hyperresponsivity, presumably via irritant mechanisms. Recent studies on asthma and airway biology implicate changes in nitric oxide (NO) disposition in the adverse effects of formaldehyde, principally because enzymatic reduction of the endogenous bronchodilator S-nitrosoglutathione (GSNO) is dependent upon GSNO reductase (formally designated as alcohol dehydrogenase-3, ADH3), which also serves as the primary enzyme for cellular detoxification of formaldehyde. Considering recent evidence that regulation of bronchodilators like GSNO might play a more important role in asthma than inflammation per se, formaldehyde also needs to be considered as influencing ADH3-mediated GSNO catabolism. This is due to changes in ADH3 cofactors and thiol redox state among several potential mechanisms. Data suggest that deregulation of GSNO turnover provides a plausible, enzymatically based mechanism by which formaldehyde might exacerbate asthma and induce bronchoconstriction.
C1 [Grafstrom, Roland C.] Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
[Thompson, Chad M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Grafstrom, RC (reprint author), Karolinska Inst, Inst Environm Med, Box 210, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
EM roland.grafstrom@ki.se
RI Grafstrom, Roland/N-7217-2016
NR 50
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 4
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 3
BP 244
EP 248
DI 10.1080/15287390701598259
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AA
UT WOS:000252341400009
PM 18097950
ER
PT J
AU Kenyon, EM
Benignus, V
Eklund, C
Highfill, JW
Oshiro, WM
Samsam, TE
Bushnell, PJ
AF Kenyon, Elaina M.
Benignus, Vernon
Eklund, Christopher
Highfill, Jerry W.
Oshiro, Wendy M.
Samsam, Tracey E.
Bushnell, Philip J.
TI Modeling the toxicokinetics of inhaled toluene in rats: Influence of
physical activity and feeding status
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID SIGNAL-DETECTION BEHAVIOR; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS;
PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; VOLATILE CHEMICALS; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; BLOOD-FLOW;
TRICHLOROETHYLENE; INHALATION; PARAMETERS; EXERCISE
AB Toluene is found in petroleum-based fuels and used as a solvent in consumer products and industrial applications. The critical effects following inhalation exposure involve the brain and nervous system in both humans and experimental animals, whether exposure duration is acute or chronic. The goals of this physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model development effort were twofold: (1) to evaluate and explain the influence of feeding status and activity level on toluene pharmacokinetics utilizing our own data from toluene-exposed Long Evans (LE) rats, and (2) to evaluate the ability of the model to simulate data from the published literature and explain differing toluene kinetics. Compartments in the model were lung, slowly and rapidly perfused tissue groups, fat, liver, gut, and brain; tissue transport was blood-flow limited and metabolism occurred in the liver. Chemical-specific parameters and initial organ volumes and blood flow rates were obtained from the literature. Sensitivity analysis revealed that the single most influential parameter for our experimental conditions was alveolar ventilation; other moderately influential parameters (depending upon concentration) included cardiac output, rate of metabolism, and blood flow to fat. Based on both literature review and sensitivity analysis, other parameters (e.g., partition coefficients and metabolic rate parameters) were either well defined (multiple consistent experimental results with low variability) or relatively noninfluential (e.g. organ volumes). Rats that were weight-maintained compared to free-fed rats in our studies could be modeled with a single set of parameters because feeding status did not have a significant impact on toluene pharmacokinetics. Heart rate (HR) measurements in rats performing a lever-pressing task indicated that the HR increased in proportion to task intensity. For rats acclimated to eating in the lab during the day, both sedentary rats and rats performing the lever-pressing task required different alveolar ventilation rates to successfully predict the data. Model evaluation using data from diverse sources together with statistical evaluation of the resulting fits revealed that the model appropriately predicted blood and brain toluene concentrations with some minor exceptions. These results (1) emphasize the importance of experimental conditions and physiological status in explaining differing kinetic data, and (2) demonstrate the need to consider simulation conditions when estimating internal dose metrics for toxicity studies in which kinetic data were not collected.
C1 [Kenyon, Elaina M.; Eklund, Christopher; Highfill, Jerry W.] US EPA, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Benignus, Vernon] US EPA, Human Studies Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Oshiro, Wendy M.; Samsam, Tracey E.; Bushnell, Philip J.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Kenyon, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Expt Toxicol Div, B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM kenyon.elaina@epa.gov
NR 39
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
EI 1087-2620
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 4
BP 249
EP 265
DI 10.1080/15287390701528363
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 264DH
UT WOS:000253265200001
PM 18253891
ER
PT J
AU DeWitt, JC
Copeland, CB
Luebke, RW
AF DeWitt, Jamie C.
Copeland, Carey B.
Luebke, Robert W.
TI An organotin mixture found in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe is not
immunotoxic to adult sprague-dawley rats
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID DI-NORMAL-OCTYLTINDICHLORIDE; THYMUS-DEPENDENT IMMUNITY; DRINKING-WATER;
BUTYLTIN COMPOUNDS; HEPATOTOXICITY; APOPTOSIS; TOXICITY; EXPOSURE; YOUNG
AB Organotin compounds used in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe production are of concern to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) because they leach from supply pipes into drinking water and are reported multisystem toxicants. Immune function was assessed in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the mixture of organotins used in PVC pipe production. Although several of these organotins are reported immunotoxicants, their immunotoxicity as a mixture when given by drinking water has not been evaluated. Adult male rats were given drinking water for 28 d containing a mixture of dibutyltin dichloride (DBTC), dimethyltin dichloride (DMTC), monobutyltin trichloride (MBT), and monomethyltin trichloride (MMT) in a 2:2:1:1 ratio, respectively, at 3 different concentrations (5:5:2.5:2.5, 10:10:5:5, or 20:20:10:10 mg organotin/L), MMT alone (20 or 40 mg MMT/L), or plain water as a control. Delayed-type hypersensitivity, antibody synthesis, and natural killer cell cytotoxicity were evaluated in separate endpoint groups (n = 8/dose; 24/endpoint) immediately after exposure ended. The evaluated immune functions were not affected by the mixture or by MMT alone. Our data suggest that immunotoxicity is unlikely to result from the concentration of organotins present in drinking water delivered via PVC pipes, as the concentrations used were several orders of magnitude higher than those expected to leach from PVC pipes.
C1 [DeWitt, Jamie C.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Copeland, Carey B.; Luebke, Robert W.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Expt Toxicol Div, Immunotoxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Luebke, RW (reprint author), US EPA, MDB143-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM luebke.robert@epa.gov
OI DeWitt, Jamie/0000-0002-0440-4059
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 5
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 4
BP 276
EP 282
DI 10.1080/15287390701613025
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 264DH
UT WOS:000253265200003
PM 18253893
ER
PT J
AU McLean, B
Barton, J
AF McLean, Brian
Barton, Jane
TI US-Canada cooperation: The US-Canada Air Quality Agreement
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
AB The impetus for the Canada-U.S. Air Quality Agreement was transboundary acid rain in eastern North America. This problem drove the parties to develop a bilateral agreement that not only addressed this issue, but also set up a broad and flexible framework to address other air quality problems. In 2000, the Ozone Annex to reduce smog and its precursor pollutants was negotiated. A transboundary particulate matter (PM) science assessment in 2004 led to the commencement of negotiation of a PM annex in late 2007. Over the course of 15 yr, Canada and the United States also developed innovative cooperative arrangements. Two transboundary airshed dialogues became important sources of practical on-the-ground cooperation in the Georgia Basin-Puget Sound and the Great Lakes Basin. In addition to providing the basis for ongoing international dialogue, these transboundary airshed projects resulted in changes to administrative practices as the parties exchange information and learn from each other in ways that benefit the airshed community. The nature of the Air Quality Agreement also enabled both Canada and the United States to address concerns each has had about specific pollutant sources and to address them in ways that avoided confrontation and resulted in air quality improvements for people living in the airsheds. Case studies of three of the "informal consultations" that have occurred under the agreement are described: where discussions occurred around a power plant in Michigan, a power plant in Saskatchewan, and a steel mill in Ontario. More than an agreement, this relationship has built a capacity to deal with common problems. Fostering such a relationship with its implicit transfer of knowledge and experience has opened doors for discussions on a new Clean Air framework in Canada and joint analyses of cross-border sulfur dioxide (SO2) and nitrogen oxides (NO,) emissions caps and trading. U.S. experience with cap and trading is highlighted for background and context. The flexibility inherent in the agreement provides a platform for future air quality issues and continued communication without borders.
C1 [McLean, Brian] US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Barton, Jane] Environm Canada, N Amer Smog Program Unit Retired, Air Pollut Prevent Directorate, Gatineau, ON, Canada.
RP McLean, B (reprint author), US EPA, Off Atmospher Programs, 1200 Penn Ave,6204J, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM mclean.brian@epa.gov
NR 1
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 9-10
BP 564
EP 569
DI 10.1080/15287390801997567
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 315NN
UT WOS:000256886800004
PM 18569627
ER
PT J
AU Tsuchiya, A
Hinners, TA
Burbacher, TM
Faustman, EM
Marien, K
AF Tsuchiya, Ami
Hinners, Thomas A.
Burbacher, Thomas M.
Faustman, Elaine M.
Marien, Koenraad
TI Mercury exposure from fish consumption within the Japanese and Korean
communities
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID SEYCHELLES CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; FOOD FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; NUTRITION
EXAMINATION SURVEY; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; CORD
BLOOD; HAIR MERCURY; SEAFOOD CONSUMPTION; INORGANIC MERCURY;
CHILDBEARING AGE
AB Public health guidance pertaining to fish consumption requires that we be cognizant of the health concerns associated with eating contaminated fish and the nutritional benefits obtained from fish consumption. In doing so, a need exists for an improved understanding of the extent of contamination within various fish species consumed by populations of concern and the extent of exposure to contamination by these populations. As part of the Arsenic Mercury Intake Biometric Study involving the Japanese and Korean communities, it was possible to obtain fish intake data, determine mercury (Hg) fish tissue concentrations for various species consumed, and examine hair for Hg levels of study participants. This longitudinal study (n=214) included 106 Japanese and 108 Korean women of childbearing age. Hair Hg levels for the two populations and weight-normalized, species-specific, individual-consumption pattern data that estimated Hg intake levels were compared with published National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ( NHANES) data. Sensitivity analyses and population-specific probabilistic assessments of exposure were conducted. The estimated Hg intake levels for the Japanese (0.09 mg/kg/d) and Koreans (0.05 mg/kg/d) were above the NHANES estimates (0.02 mg/kg/d), as were the hair Hg levels (1.23, 0.61, 0.2 ppm, respectively). Results indicate that (1) there are significant differences between the fish-species-consumption behavior of these two populations; (2) even when fish-consumption rates are equal between two populations, Hg intakes between them can vary significantly; and (3) these population and Hg intake differences present public health challenges when attempting to provide fish consumption guidance.
C1 [Tsuchiya, Ami; Burbacher, Thomas M.; Faustman, Elaine M.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Tsuchiya, Ami; Faustman, Elaine M.] Univ Washington, Inst Risk Anal & Risk Commun, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Hinners, Thomas A.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Marien, Koenraad] Washington State Dept Hlth, Olympia, WA USA.
RP Marien, K (reprint author), Off Environm Hlth Assessments, Dept Hlth, POB 47846, Olympia, WA 98504 USA.
EM koenraad@doh.wa.gov
OI Faustman, Elaine/0000-0002-3085-6403
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P50 ES012762]
NR 97
TC 26
Z9 27
U1 1
U2 12
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 15
BP 1019
EP 1031
DI 10.1080/01932690801934612
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 316IJ
UT WOS:000256942500006
PM 18569611
ER
PT J
AU DeAngelo, AB
Daniel, FB
Wong, DM
George, MH
AF DeAngelo, Anthony B.
Daniel, F. Bernard
Wong, Diana M.
George, Michael H.
TI The induction of hepatocellular neoplasia by trichloroacetic acid
administered in the drinking water of the male B6C3F1 mouse
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; HALOGENATED ACETIC-ACIDS; DICHLOROACETIC ACID;
PPAR-ALPHA; LIVER; MICE; RATS; HEPATOCARCINOGENESIS; PROLIFERATION;
MUTAGENICITY
AB The prevalence (percent of animals with a tumor) and multiplicity (number of tumors per animal) of hepatocellular neoplasia in the male B6C3F1 mouse exposed to trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in the drinking water were determined. Male mice were exposed to 0.05, 0.5, and 5 g/L TCA for 60 wk (Study 1), to 4.5 g/L TCA for 104 wk (Study 2) and to 0.05 and 0.5 g/L TCA for 104 wk (Study 3). Time-weighted mean daily doses measured for the low, medium, and high dose groups were consistent over the three studies, 6-8, 58-68, and 572-602 mg/kg-d for the 0.05, 0.5, and the 4.5-5 g/L treatment groups, respectively. No significant changes in animal survival were noted across the studies. A significant increase in the prevalence and multiplicity of hepatocellular tumors was found in the 58-68 and 572-602 mg/kg/d TCA dose groups. Nonhepatoproliferative changes (cytoplasmic alterations, inflammation, and necrosis) in mice treated with TCA were mild and dose related. A TCA-induced increase in liver palmitoyl CoA oxidase activity, a marker of peroxisome proliferation, correlated with tumor induction. A linear association was found between peroxisome proliferation and tumor induction. Sporadic increases in the labeling index of nuclei outside of proliferative lesions were observed at carcinogenic doses throughout the studies. Given that there are no compelling data demonstrating genotoxic activity of either TCA or any metabolite, data are consistent with an epigenetic mode of action. The studies provide dose-response data on the development of hepatocellular neoplasia in male mice over a lifetime exposure to TCA. A no-observed-effect-level (NOEL) of 6 mg/kg/d was calculated for neoplastic and nonproliferative liver pathology.
C1 [DeAngelo, Anthony B.; George, Michael H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Daniel, F. Bernard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[Wong, Diana M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, IRIS Program, Washington, DC USA.
RP DeAngelo, AB (reprint author), 109 TW Alexander Dr B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM deangelo.anthony@epa.gov
NR 47
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 16
BP 1056
EP 1068
DI 10.1080/15287390802111952
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 317OQ
UT WOS:000257029900002
PM 18569617
ER
PT J
AU Simmons, JE
Richardson, SD
Teuschler, LK
Miltner, RJ
Speth, TF
Schenck, KM
Hunter, ES
Rice, G
AF Simmons, Jane Ellen
Richardson, Susan D.
Teuschler, Linda K.
Miltner, Richard J.
Speth, Thomas F.
Schenck, Kathleen M.
Hunter, E. Sidney, III
Rice, Glenn
TI Research issues underlying the four-lab study: Integrated disinfection
by-products mixtures research
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID PUBLIC WATER-SUPPLIES; DRINKING-WATER; REVERSE-OSMOSIS; ORGANIC-MATTER;
SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; BLADDER-CANCER; PREGNANCY LOSS; BIRTH-WEIGHT;
RISK; TRIHALOMETHANES
AB Chemical disinfection of drinking water is a major public health triumph of the 20th century, resulting in significant decreases in morbidity and mortality from waterborne diseases. Disinfection by-products (DBP) are chemicals formed by the reaction of oxidizing disinfectants with inorganic and organic materials in the source water. To address potential health concerns that cannot be answered directly by toxicological research on individual DBPs or defined DBP mixtures, scientists residing within the various organizations of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development (the National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, the National Risk Management Research Laboratory, the National Exposure Research Laboratory, and the National Center for Environmental Assessment) engaged in joint investigation of environmentally realistic complex mixtures of DBP. Research on complex mixtures of DBP is motivated by three factors: (a) DBP exposure is ubiquitous to all segments of the population; (b) some positive epidemiologic studies are suggestive of potential developmental, reproductive, or carcinogenic health effects in humans exposed to DBP; and (c) significant amounts of the material that makes up the total organic halide portion of the DBP have not been identified. The goal of the Integrated Disinfection Byproducts Mixtures Research Project (the 4Lab Study) is provision of sound, defensible, experimental data on environmentally relevant mixtures of DBP and an improved estimation of the potential health risks associated with exposure to the mixtures of DBP formed during disinfection of drinking water. A phased research plan was developed and implemented. The present series of articles provides the results from the first series of experiments.
C1 [Simmons, Jane Ellen; Hunter, E. Sidney, III] Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Richardson, Susan D.; Rice, Glenn] Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA.
[Teuschler, Linda K.] Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[Miltner, Richard J.; Speth, Thomas F.; Schenck, Kathleen M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Simmons, JE (reprint author), Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
EM Simmons.Jane@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 3
U2 17
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1125
EP 1132
DI 10.1080/15287390802181906
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200001
PM 18636387
ER
PT J
AU Miltner, RJ
Speth, TF
Richardson, SD
Krasner, SW
Weinberg, HS
Simmons, JE
AF Miltner, Richard J.
Speth, Thomas F.
Richardson, Susan D.
Krasner, Stuart W.
Weinberg, Howard S.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
TI Integrated disinfection by-products mixtures research: Disinfection of
drinking waters by chlorination and ozonation/postchlorination treatment
scenarios
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID OZONATION; ION; TRIHALOMETHANES; BROMATE; OZONE
AB This article describes disinfection of the same source water by two commonly used disinfection treatment scenarios for purposes of subsequent concentration, chemical analysis, and toxicological evaluation. Accompanying articles in this issue of the Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health describe concentration of these finished waters by reverse osmosis techniques, chemical characterization of the resulting disinfection by-product (DBP) concentrates, in vivo and in vitro toxicological results, and risk assessment methods developed to analyze data from this project. This project, called the "Four Lab Study," involved participation of scientists from four laboratories/centers of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Research and Development as well as extramural collaborators from the water industry and academia. One of the two finished waters was prepared by conventional treatment and disinfected by chlorination. The other finished water was also prepared by conventional treatment and disinfected by ozonation followed by chlorination (ozonation/postchlorination). Chlorination conditions of dose, time and temperature were similar for both treatment scenarios, allowing for a comparison. Both finished waters had acceptably low levels of particulates and bacteria, representative pH and chlorine levels, and contained numerous DBP. Known effects of ozonation were observed in that, relative to the water that was chlorinated only, the ozonated/postchlorinated water had lower concentrations of total organic halogen, trihalomethanes (THM), haloacetic acids (HAA), and higher concentrations of bromate, and aldehydes.
C1 [Miltner, Richard J.; Speth, Thomas F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA.
[Krasner, Stuart W.] Metropolitan Water Dist So Calif, La Verne, CA USA.
[Weinberg, Howard S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Miltner, RJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 WML King Jr Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM miltner.richard@epa.gov
NR 49
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 5
U2 39
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1133
EP 1148
DI 10.1080/15287390802182060
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200002
PM 18636388
ER
PT J
AU Speth, TF
Miltner, RJ
Richardson, SD
Simmons, JE
AF Speth, Thomas F.
Miltner, Richard J.
Richardson, Susan D.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
TI Integrated disinfection by-products mixtures research: Concentration by
reverse osmosis membrane techniques of disinfection by-products from
water disinfected by chlorination and ozonation/postchlorination
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID DRINKING-WATER; ORGANIC-MATTER; IDENTIFICATION;
3-CHLORO-4-(DICHLOROMETHYL)-5-HYDROXY-2(5H)-FURANONE
AB To conduct the health-effect studies described in subsequent articles in this series, concentrated aqueous mixtures of disinfection by-products were required for the two water treatment trains described in the preceding article (Miltner et al., 2008). To accomplish this, the finished drinking waters from each treatment train were sent through cation-exchange resin columns to remove hardness and free chlorine. Reverse osmosis membranes were then used to concentrate approximately 2400 L of each finished water down to approximately 18 L. The resulting volumetric concentration factors for the chlorinated and ozonated/postchlorinated waters were 136- and 124-fold, respectively. The concentrates were spiked with select disinfection by-products (DBPs) that were lost during the concentration effort. The results, along with the rationale for choosing the method of concentration, are presented. After reintroduction of a select list of lost DBPs, the concentration methodology used herein was able to produce concentrates that retained large percentages of the DBPs that were in the initial finished drinking waters. Further, the distributions of the DBPs in the concentrates matched those found in the finished drinking waters.
C1 [Speth, Thomas F.; Miltner, Richard J.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA USA.
[Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Speth, TF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Speth.Thomas@epa.gov
NR 12
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 20
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1149
EP 1164
DI 10.1080/15287390802182219
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200003
PM 18636389
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, SD
Thruston, AD
Krasner, SW
Weinberg, HS
Miltner, RJ
Schenck, KM
Narotsky, MG
McKague, AB
Simmons, JE
AF Richardson, Susan D.
Thruston, Alfred D., Jr.
Krasner, Stuart W.
Weinberg, Howard S.
Miltner, Richard J.
Schenck, Kathleen M.
Narotsky, Michael G.
McKague, A. Bruce
Simmons, Jane Ellen
TI Integrated disinfection by-products mixtures research: Comprehensive
characterization of water concentrates prepared from chlorinated and
ozonated/postchlorinated drinking water
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; BIRTH OUTCOMES;
IDENTIFICATION; TRIHALOMETHANES; DEFECTS;
3-CHLORO-4-(DICHLOROMETHYL)-5-HYDROXY-2(5H)-FURANONE; TERATOLOGY;
SUPPLIES; EXPOSURE
AB This article describes the disinfection by-product (DBP) characterization portion of a series of experiments designed for comprehensive chemical and toxicological evaluation of two drinking-water concentrates containing highly complex mixtures of DBPs. This project, called the Four Lab Study, involved the participation of scientists from four laboratories and centers of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Office of Research and Development, along with collaborators from the water industry and academia, and addressed toxicologic effects of complex DBP mixtures, with an emphasis on reproductive and developmental effects that are associated with DBP exposures in epidemiologic studies. Complex mixtures of DBPs from two different disinfection schemes (chlorination and ozonation/postchlorination) were concentrated successfully, while maintaining a water matrix suitable for animal studies. An array of chlorinated/brominated/iodinated DBPs was created. The DBPs were relatively stable over the course of the animal experiments, and a significant portion of the halogenated DBPs formed in the drinking water was accounted for through a comprehensive qualitative and quantitative identification approach. DBPs quantified included priority DBPs that are not regulated but have been predicted to produce adverse health effects, as well as those currently regulated in the United States and those targeted during implementation of the Information Collection Rule. New by-products were also reported for the first time. These included previously undetected and unreported bromo- and chloroacids, iodinated compounds, bromo- and iodophenols, and bromoalkyltins.
C1 [Richardson, Susan D.; Thruston, Alfred D., Jr.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Krasner, Stuart W.] Metropolitan Water Dist So Calif, La Verne, CA USA.
[Weinberg, Howard S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Miltner, Richard J.; Schenck, Kathleen M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Narotsky, Michael G.; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[McKague, A. Bruce] CanSyn Chem Corp, Toronto, ON, Canada.
RP Richardson, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM richardson.susan@epa.gov
NR 52
TC 53
Z9 54
U1 3
U2 30
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1165
EP 1186
DI 10.1080/15287390802182417
PG 22
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200004
PM 18636390
ER
PT J
AU Claxton, LD
Pegram, R
Schenck, KM
Simmons, JE
Warren, SH
AF Claxton, Larry D.
Pegram, Rex
Schenck, Kathleen M.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
Warren, Sarah H.
TI Integrated disinfection by-products research: Salmonella mutagenicity of
water concentrates disinfected by chlorination and
ozonation/postchlorination
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID POTENT BACTERIAL MUTAGEN; TEST AMES-TEST; DRINKING-WATER; MUTATION
SPECTRA; RIVER WATER; GENOTOXIC ACTIVITY; ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; AZO-DYES;
ASSAY; 3-CHLORO-4-(DICHLOROMETHYL)-5-HYDROXY-2(5H)-FURANONE
AB Although chemical disinfection of drinking water is a highly protective public health practice, the disinfection process is known to produce toxic contaminants. Epidemiological studies associate chlorinated drinking water with quantitatively increased risks of rectal, kidney, and bladder cancer. One study found a significant exposure-response association between water mutagenicity and relative risk for bladder and kidney cancer. A number of studies found that several types of disinfection processes increase the level of mutagens detected by the Salmonella assay. As part of a comprehensive study to examine chlorinated and ozonated/postchlorinated drinking water for toxicological contaminants, the Salmonella mutagenicity assay was used to screen both volatile and nonvolatile organic components. The assay also compared the use of reverse osmosis and XAD resin procedures for concentrating the nonvolatile components. Companion papers provide the results from other toxicological assays and chemical analysis of the drinking water samples. The volatile components of the ozonated/postchlorinated and chlorinated water samples and a trihalomethane mixture were mutagenic to a Salmonella tester strain transfected with a rat theta-class glutathione S-transferase and predominantly nonmutagenic in the control strain. In this study, the nonvolatile XAD concentrate of the untreated water possessed a low level of mutagenic activity. However, compared to the levels of mutagenicity in the finished water XAD concentrates, the contribution from the settled source water was minimal. The mutagenicity seen in the reverse osmosis concentrates was < 50% of that seen in the XAD concentrates. Overall, mutagenic responses were similar to those observed in other North American studies and provide evidence that the pilot plant produced disinfection by-products similar to that seen in other studies.
C1 [Claxton, Larry D.; Warren, Sarah H.] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Pegram, Rex; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Expt Toxicol Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Schenck, Kathleen M.] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Claxton, LD (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, NHEERL, Mail Drop B143-08, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM claxton.larry@epa.gov
OI Claxton, Larry/0000-0001-7455-1583
NR 72
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1187
EP 1194
DI 10.1080/15287390802182508
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200005
PM 18636391
ER
PT J
AU Crosby, LM
Simmons, JE
Ward, WO
Moore, TM
Morgan, KT
DeAngelo, AB
AF Crosby, Lynn M.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
Ward, William O.
Moore, Tanya M.
Morgan, Kevin T.
DeAngelo, Anthony B.
TI Integrated disinfection by-products (DBP) mixtures research: Gene
expression alterations in primary rat hepatocyte cultures exposed to DBP
mixtures formed by chlorination and ozonation/postchlorination
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI; MALE B6C3F1 MOUSE; DRINKING-WATER; DICHLOROACETIC
ACID; F344/N RATS; PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; CHLORAL HYDRATE; INDUCTION;
CELLS; CARCINOGENICITY
AB Large-scale differential gene expression analysis was used to examine the biological effects of disinfected surface waters on cultured rat hepatocytes. Source water from East Fork Lake (Harsha Lake), a reservoir on the Little Miami River in Ohio, was spiked with iodide and bromide and disinfected by chlorination or ozonation/postchlorination. The chlorinated and ozonated/postchlorinated waters were concentrated, respectively, 136- and 124-fold (full strength) by reverse-osmosis membrane techniques. Volatile disinfection by-products (DBP) lost during concentration were restored to the extent possible. Primary rat hepatocytes were exposed to either full-strength or 1: 10 or 1: 20 dilutions of the concentrates for 24 h and assayed for cytotoxicity and gene expression alterations. The full-strength concentrates were cytotoxic, whereas the diluted samples exhibited no detectable cytotoxicity. Differential gene expression analysis provided evidence for the underlying causes of the severe cytotoxicity observed in rat hepatocytes treated with the full-strength ozonation/postchlorination concentrate (e. g., cell cycle arrest, metabolic stasis, oxidative stress). Many gene expression responses were shared among the hepatocyte cultures treated with dilutions of the ozonation/postchlorination and chlorination concentrates. The shift in the character of the response between the full-strength concentrates and the diluted samples indicated a threshold for toxicity. A small subset of gene expression changes was identified that was observed in the response of hepatocytes to peroxisome proliferators, phthalate esters, and haloacetic acids, suggesting a peroxisome proliferative response.
C1 [Crosby, Lynn M.; Simmons, Jane Ellen; Ward, William O.; Moore, Tanya M.; DeAngelo, Anthony B.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Crosby, Lynn M.] Univ N Carolina, US EPA, Chapel Hill Cooperat Training Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Morgan, Kevin T.] Sanofi Aventis, Drug Safety Evaluat, Bridgewater, NJ USA.
RP DeAngelo, AB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr,B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM deangelo.anthony@epa.gov
NR 37
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1195
EP 1215
DI 10.1080/15287390802182581
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200006
PM 18636392
ER
PT J
AU Narotsky, MG
Best, DS
Rogers, EH
McDonald, A
Sey, YM
Simmons, JE
AF Narotsky, Michael G.
Best, Deborah S.
Rogers, Ellen H.
McDonald, Anthony
Sey, Yusupha M.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
TI Integrated disinfection by-products mixtures research: Assessment of
developmental toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to concentrates of
water disinfected by chlorination and ozonation/postchlorination
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID MUNICIPAL DRINKING-WATER; INDUCED PREGNANCY LOSS; BROMODICHLOROMETHANE
BDCM; REPRODUCTIVE OUTCOMES; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; FISCHER-344 RATS;
RISK
AB Epidemiological and animal toxicity studies have raised concerns regarding possible adverse health effects of disinfection by-products (DBPs) found in drinking water. The classes and concentrations of DBPs are influenced by the choice of disinfection process (e. g., chlorination, ozonation) as well as source water characteristics (e. g., pH, total organic carbon, bromide content). Disinfected waters were found to contain more than 500 compounds, many of which remain unidentified. Therefore, a "whole- mixture" approach was used to evaluate the toxic potential of alternative disinfection scenarios. An in vivo developmental toxicity screen was used to evaluate the adverse developmental effects of the complex mixtures produced by two different disinfection processes. Water was obtained from East Fork Lake, Ohio; spiked with iodide and bromide; and disinfected either by chlorination or by ozonation/postchlorination, producing finished drinking water suitable for human consumption. These waters were concentrated approximately 130-fold by reverse osmosis membrane techniques. To the extent possible, volatile DBPs lost in the concentration process were spiked back into the concentrates. These concentrates were then provided as drinking water to Sprague-Dawley rats on gestation days 6-16; controls received boiled, distilled, deionized water. The dams (19-20 per group) were allowed to deliver and their litters were examined on postnatal days (PD) 1 and 6. All dams delivered normally, with parturition occurring significantly earlier in the ozonation/postchlorination group. However, no effects on prenatal survival, postnatal survival, or pup weight were evident. Skeletal examination of the PD-6 pups also revealed no treatment effects. Thus, similar to 130-fold higher concentrates of both ozonated/postchlorinated and chlorinated water appeared to exert no adverse developmental effects in this study.
C1 [Narotsky, Michael G.; Best, Deborah S.; Rogers, Ellen H.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Reprod Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[McDonald, Anthony; Sey, Yusupha M.; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Expt Toxicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Narotsky, MG (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL MD 67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM narotsky.michael@epa.gov
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1216
EP 1221
DI 10.1080/15287390802182623
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200007
PM 18636393
ER
PT J
AU Rice, G
Teuschler, LK
Speth, TF
Richardson, SD
Miltner, RJ
Schenck, KM
Gennings, C
Hunter, ES
Narotsky, MG
Simmons, JE
AF Rice, Glenn
Teuschler, Linda K.
Speth, Thomas F.
Richardson, Susan D.
Miltner, Richard J.
Schenck, Kathleen M.
Gennings, Chris
Hunter, E. Sidney, III
Narotsky, Michael G.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
TI Integrated disinfection by-products research: Assessing reproductive and
developmental risks posed by complex disinfection by-product mixtures
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; DRINKING-WATER; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION;
EXPOSURE; TOXICITY; RAT; IDENTIFICATION; CHLOROFORM;
BROMODICHLOROMETHANE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE
AB This article presents a toxicologically-based risk assessment strategy for identifying the individual components or fractions of a complex mixture that are associated with its toxicity. The strategy relies on conventional component-based mixtures risk approaches such as dose addition, response addition, and analyses of interactions. Developmental toxicity data from two drinking-water concentrates containing disinfection by-products (DBP) mixtures were used to illustrate the strategy. The results of this study showed that future studies of DBP concentrates using the Chernoff-Kavlock bioassay need to consider evaluating DBP that are concentrated more than 130-fold and using a rat strain that is more sensitive to chemically-induced pregnancy loss than Sprague-Dawley rats. The results support the planned experimental design of a multigeneration reproductive and developmental study of DBP concentrates. Finally, this article discusses the need for a systematic evaluation of DBP concentrates obtained from multiple source waters and treatment types. The development of such a database could be useful in evaluating whether a specific DBP concentrate is sufficiently similar to tested combinations of source waters and treatment alternatives so that health risks for the former may be estimated using data on the latter.
C1 [Rice, Glenn; Teuschler, Linda K.; Speth, Thomas F.; Miltner, Richard J.; Schenck, Kathleen M.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Athens, GA USA.
[Gennings, Chris] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA USA.
[Hunter, E. Sidney, III; Narotsky, Michael G.; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Rice, G (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM rice.glenn@epa.gov
NR 61
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 9
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 17
BP 1222
EP 1234
DI 10.1080/15287390802182649
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 335CK
UT WOS:000258268200008
PM 18636394
ER
PT J
AU Willson, PJ
Khozani, TT
Juurlink, BHJ
Senthilselvan, A
Rennie, DC
Gerdts, V
Gawaziuk, J
Schneberger, D
Burch, LH
Dosman, JA
AF Willson, P. J.
Khozani, T. Talaei
Juurlink, B. H. J.
Senthilselvan, A.
Rennie, D. C.
Gerdts, V.
Gawaziuk, J.
Schneberger, D.
Burch, Lauranell H.
Dosman, J. A.
TI In vitro production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha by human monocytes
stimulated with lipopolysaccharide is positively correlated with
increased blood monocytes after exposure to a swine barn
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID EPITHELIAL-CELLS; LUNG-FUNCTION; ORGANIC DUST; ENDOTOXIN; BACTERIAL;
TLR4; VOLUNTEERS; ASTHMA; TNF
AB Recently there has been interest in the air quality in and around intensive livestock production facilities, such as modern swine production barns, where agricultural workers and surrounding residents may be exposed to elevated levels of organic dusts. The health effects of these exposures are not completely understood. The study that is reported here is a component of a larger investigation of the relationships among the acute effects of high-concentration endotoxin exposure (swine barn dust), polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene, and respiratory outcomes following exposure to swine confinement buildings. The relationships among a mediator of acute lung inflammation, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), and clinical responses to acute swine barn exposure were characterized. Analysis of the results showed that in vitro stimulation of human monocytes with as little as 1 ng/ml of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) produced a significant increase in the monocytes that produced TNF-alpha. Although the proportion of TNF-alpha-positive monocytes after in vitro stimulation with 1 ng/ml of LPS was not associated with gender or TLR4 genotype, it was positively associated with the concentration of monocytes in blood after barn exposure. Thus, these two responses to different forms of LPS exposure are significantly correlated, and more responsive monocytes in vitro indicate a forthcoming relative monocytosis, post barn exposure, which may initiate a cascade of chronic inflammation.
C1 [Willson, P. J.; Rennie, D. C.; Schneberger, D.; Dosman, J. A.] Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Med, Canadian Ctr Hlth & Safety Agr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada.
[Willson, P. J.; Gawaziuk, J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Toxicol Ctr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada.
[Khozani, T. Talaei] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Anat, Shiraz, Iran.
[Senthilselvan, A.] Univ Alberta, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
[Gerdts, V.; Gawaziuk, J.] Univ Saskatchewan, Vaccine & Infect Dis Org, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada.
[Burch, Lauranell H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Dosman, JA (reprint author), Univ Saskatchewan, Coll Med, Canadian Ctr Hlth & Safety Agr, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W8, Canada.
EM james.dosman@usask.ca
OI Gawaziuk, Justin/0000-0002-0987-5909; talaei-khozani,
tahereh/0000-0002-8425-8871
FU Canadian Institutes of Health Research [MOP-57907, STP-53906]; National
Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the technical support provided by
Natasha Thiessen and Connie Wong for assistance with the
immunocytochemistry. This study was supported by a grant from the
Canadian Institutes of Health Research (grant MOP-57907) and the
intramural research program at the National Institutes of Health, U.S.
Department of Health and Human Services. J. Gawaziuk was supported by a
graduate training fellowship from "Public Health and the Agricultural
Rural Ecosystem (PHARE)" supported by the Canadian Institutes of Health
Research (grant STP-53906).
NR 25
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 21
BP 1401
EP 1406
DI 10.1080/15287390802241015
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 349WP
UT WOS:000259314300001
PM 18800289
ER
PT J
AU Roy, TA
Hammerstrom, K
Schaum, J
AF Roy, Timothy A.
Hammerstrom, Karen
Schaum, John
TI Percutaneous Absorption of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-beta-dioxin (TCDD)
from Soil
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART A-CURRENT ISSUES
LA English
DT Article
ID HUMAN-SKIN; DERMAL BIOAVAILABILITY; CONTAMINATED SOILS; RHESUS-MONKEY;
IN-VITRO; INVITRO; BENZOPYRENE; INVIVO; PCBS; RAT
AB Eight dermal absorption experiments (two in vivo; six in vitro) and one intravenous experiment were conducted using 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-beta-dioxin (TCDD) either neat (high dose at similar to 250 mg/cm(2) and low dose at 10 ng/cm(2)) or sorbed on a low organic soil (LOS) or high organic soil (HOS) at 1 ppm (10 ng TCDD/10 mg soil/cm(2)). After 96 h the percent of applied dose absorbed (PADA) for the neat low dose was 78% in vivo (rat) and 76% in vitro (rat). PADA for the equivalent TCDD dose sorbed on LOS were 16.3% (rat in vivo), 7.7% (rat in vitro) and 2.4% (human in vitro). The PADA for TCDD sorbed on HOS (1 ppm) was 1.0% (rat in vitro). Generally, rat skin was observed to be three to four times more permeable to TCDD than human skin. At steady state, the dermal flux of TCDD in neat form, sorbed on LOS at 1 ppm, and sorbed on HOS at 1 ppm (all in vitro, rat) was 120, 0.007, and 0.0007 ng/cm(2)/h, respectively (ratio = 1.7 x 10(5):10:1). Making adjustments to account for differences between in vitro and in vivo results and adjusting for application to monolayer loads, the 24-h TCDD absorption for human skin is estimated as 1.9% from LOS (1 ppm) and 0.24% from HOS (1 ppm).
C1 [Hammerstrom, Karen; Schaum, John] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Roy, Timothy A.] Port Royal Res, Hilton Head Isl, SC USA.
[Roy, Timothy A.] Univ S Carolina, Beaufort, SC USA.
RP Schaum, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM schaum.john@epamail.epa.gov
FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
FX The authors express their gratitude for the contributions of Joseph Yang
and Andrew Krueger, who did much of the original laboratory work
supporting this article. Funding for this project was provided by the
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The facility conducting the
studies was fully accredited by the AAALAC (Association for the
Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International).
All protocols were reviewed and approved by the IACUC (Internal Animal
Care and Use Committee) at the facility prior to the initiation of
studies.
NR 19
TC 2
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1528-7394
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL A
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health Part A
PY 2008
VL 71
IS 23
BP 1509
EP 1515
DI 10.1080/15287390802349875
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 360VI
UT WOS:000260085900001
PM 18923993
ER
PT J
AU Guyton, KZ
Barone, S
Brown, RC
Euling, SY
Jinot, J
Makris, S
AF Guyton, Kathryn Z.
Barone, Stanley, Jr.
Brown, Rebecca C.
Euling, Susan Y.
Jinot, Jennifer
Makris, Susan
TI Mode of action frameworks: A critical analysis
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID NONCANCER RISK ASSESSMENT; HUMAN RELEVANCE; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT;
LIVER-TUMORS; CANCER-RISK; TOXICOLOGY; FUTURE; INFORMATION; INHIBITION;
ASSESSMENTS
AB Mode of action (MOA) information is increasingly being applied in human health risk assessment. The MOA can inform issues such as the relevance of observed effects in laboratory animals to humans, and the variability of response within the human population. Several collaborative groups have developed frameworks for analyzing and utilizing MOA information in human health risk assessment of environmental carcinogens and toxins, including the International Programme on Chemical Safety, International Life Sciences Institute, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. With the goal of identifying gaps and opportunities for progress, we critically evaluate several of these MOA frameworks. Despite continued improvement in incorporating biological data in human health risk assessment, several notable challenges remain. These include articulation of the significant role of scientific judgment in establishing an MOA and its relevance to humans. In addition, binary (yes/no) decisions can inappropriately exclude consideration of data that may nonetheless be informative to the overall assessment of risk. Indeed, the frameworks lack a broad consideration of known causes of human disease and the potential for chemical effects to act additively with these as well as endogenous background processes. No integrated analysis of the impact of multiple MOAs over the same dose range, or of varying MOAs at different life stages, is included. Separate consideration of each MOA and outcome limits understanding of how multiple metabolites, modes, and toxicity pathways contribute to the toxicological profile of the chemical. An extension of the analyses across outcomes with common modes is also needed.
C1 [Guyton, Kathryn Z.; Barone, Stanley, Jr.; Brown, Rebecca C.; Euling, Susan Y.; Jinot, Jennifer; Makris, Susan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assesment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Guyton, KZ (reprint author), 1200 Pennsylvania Avem,NW,Mail Code 8623-D, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM guyton.kate@epa.gov
NR 63
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-7404
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev.
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 1
BP 16
EP 31
DI 10.1080/10937400701600321
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 251AX
UT WOS:000252343800002
PM 18176885
ER
PT J
AU Thompson, CM
Sonawane, B
Barton, HA
DeWoskin, RS
Lipscomb, JC
Schlosser, P
Chiu, WA
Krishnan, K
AF Thompson, Chad M.
Sonawane, Babasaheb
Barton, Hugh A.
DeWoskin, Robert S.
Lipscomb, John C.
Schlosser, Paul
Chiu, Weihsueh A.
Krishnan, Kannan
TI Approaches for applications of physiologically based pharmacokinetic
models in risk assessment
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID BIOLOGICAL EXPOSURE INDEXES; AIR PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; VOLATILE
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; UPPER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; NASAL TISSUE DOSIMETRY;
DOSE-RESPONSE MODEL; CANCER-RISK; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; POTENTIAL IMPACT;
PHARMACODYNAMIC MODEL
AB Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are particularly useful for simulating exposures to environmental toxicants for which, unlike pharmaceuticals, there is often little or no human data available to estimate the internal dose of a putative toxic moiety in a target tissue or an appropriate surrogate. This article reviews the current state of knowledge and approaches for application of PBPK models in the process of deriving reference dose, reference concentration, and cancer risk estimates. Examples drawn from previous U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) risk assessments and human health risk assessments in peer-reviewed literature illustrate the ways and means of using PBPK models to quantify the pharmacokinetic component of the interspecies and intraspecies uncertainty factors as well as to conduct route to route, high dose to low dose and duration extrapolations. The choice of the appropriate dose metric is key to the use of the PBPK models for the various applications in risk assessment. Issues related to whether uncertainty factors are most appropriately applied before or after derivation of human equivalent dose (or concentration) continue to be explored. Scientific progress in the understanding of life stage and genetic differences in dosimetry and their impacts on variability in susceptibility, as well as ongoing development of analytical methods to characterize uncertainty in PBPK models, will make their use in risk assessment increasingly likely. As such, it is anticipated that when PBPK models are used to express adverse tissue responses in terms of the internal target tissue dose of the toxic moiety rather than the external concentration, the scientific basis of, and confidence in, risk assessments will be enhanced.
C1 [Krishnan, Kannan] Univ Montreal, DSEST, Montreal, PQ H3T 1A8, Canada.
[Thompson, Chad M.; Sonawane, Babasaheb; Schlosser, Paul; Chiu, Weihsueh A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Barton, Hugh A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[DeWoskin, Robert S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Krishnan, Kannan] Univ Montreal, Grp Rech Interdisciplinaire Sante, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada.
RP Krishnan, K (reprint author), Univ Montreal, DSEST, 2375 Chemin Cote Ste Catherine Room 4105, Montreal, PQ H3T 1A8, Canada.
EM kannan.krishnan@umontreal.ca
OI Schlosser, Paul/0000-0002-9699-9108
NR 176
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-7404
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev.
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 7
BP 519
EP 547
DI 10.1080/10937400701724337
PG 29
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 319EL
UT WOS:000257146800001
PM 18584453
ER
PT J
AU Pleil, JD
AF Pleil, Joachim D.
TI Role of exhaled breath biomarkers in environmental health science
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Review
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TUBE MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TERTIARY-BUTYL
ETHER; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; INDOOR SWIMMING POOLS; HUMAN
EXPOSURE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; JET FUEL; GAS-EXCHANGE
AB As a discipline of public health, environmental health science is the study of the linkage from environmental pollution sources to eventual adverse health outcome. This progression may be divided into two components, (1) exposure assessment, which deals with the source terms, environmental transport, human exposure routes, and internal dose, and (2) health effects, which deals with metabolism, cell damage, DNA changes, pathology, and onset of disease. The primary goal of understanding the linkage from source to health outcome is to provide the most effective and efficient environmental intervention methods to reduce health risk to the population. Biomarker measurements address an individual response to a common external environmental stressor. Biomarkers are substances within an individual and are subdivided into chemical markers, exogenous metabolites, endogenous response chemicals, and complex adducts (e.g., proteins, DNA). Standard biomarker measurements are performed in blood, urine, or other biological media such as adipose tissue and lavage fluid. In general, sample collection is invasive, requires medical personnel and a controlled environment, and generates infectious waste. Exploiting exhaled breath as an alternative or supplement to established biomarker measurements is attractive primarily because it allows a simpler collection procedure in the field for numerous individuals. Furthermore, because breath is a gas-phase matrix, volatile biomarkers become more readily accessible to analysis. This article describes successful environmental health applications of exhaled breath and proposes future research directions from the perspective of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) human exposure research.
C1 [Pleil, Joachim D.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,MDAB, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab,MDAB, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov
OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796
FU U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research and
Development
FX The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency through its Office of Research
and Development funded and managed the research described here. It has
been subjected to Agency administrative review and approved for
publication.
NR 170
TC 44
Z9 44
U1 1
U2 20
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-7404
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev.
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 8
BP 613
EP 629
DI 10.1080/10937400701724329
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 354NM
UT WOS:000259646300001
PM 18821421
ER
PT J
AU Guyton, KZ
Barone, S
Brown, RC
Euling, SY
Jinot, J
Makris, SL
AF Guyton, Kathryn Z.
Barone, Stanley, Jr.
Brown, Rebecca C.
Euling, Susan Y.
Jinot, Jennifer
Makris, Susan L.
TI Re: Guyton,Kathryn Z., Barone,Stanley, Jr., Brown,Rebecca C.,
Euling,Susan Y., Jinot,Jennifer, Makris,Susan (2008). Mode of action
frameworks: A critical analysis. Journal of toxicology and environmental
health, part B, 11(1): 16-31
SO JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH-PART B-CRITICAL REVIEWS
LA English
DT Letter
ID DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; CHEMICAL CARCINOGENESIS; IARC
EVALUATION; KEY ISSUES
C1 [Guyton, Kathryn Z.; Barone, Stanley, Jr.; Brown, Rebecca C.; Euling, Susan Y.; Jinot, Jennifer; Makris, Susan L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Guyton, KZ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1093-7404
J9 J TOXICOL ENV HEAL B
JI J. Toxicol. Env. Health-Pt b-Crit. Rev.
PY 2008
VL 11
IS 8
BP 684
EP 685
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 354NM
UT WOS:000259646300006
ER
PT J
AU Gulson, B
Mizon, K
Taylor, A
Korsch, M
Stauber, J
Davis, JM
Louie, H
Wu, M
Antin, L
AF Gulson, Brian
Mizon, Karen
Taylor, Alan
Korsch, Michael
Stauber, Jennifer
Davis, J. Michael
Louie, Honway
Wu, Michael
Antin, Luminita
TI Longitudinal monitoring of selected elements in blood of healthy young
children
SO JOURNAL OF TRACE ELEMENTS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID IRON-DEFICIENCY; SERUM ZINC; LEAD CONCENTRATIONS; ERYTHROCYTE
PROTOPORPHYRIN; SUPPLEMENTATION; EXPOSURE; INFANTS; COPPER; LEVEL;
ASSOCIATION
AB There are limited data on essential nutrients in the whole blood of young children. As part of a longitudinal study of the impact on young children and the environment from the introduction of an organic Mn compund into unleaded gasoline in Australia. we have measured a suite of elements in whole blood. The children aged between 6 and 31 months at recruitment, have been monitored at 6-month intervals for up to 5 years. Blood samples were allalysed by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry for Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and Pb. Mixed model analyses of 665 blood samples using backward elimination showed significant positive relationships between Ca, Mg and Zn and Season. variable relationships with time, but no association with gender or traffic exposure. The elements Ca, Mg and Zn showed higher concentrations in summer compared with winter, whereas Fe and Pb showed lower concentrations in summer compared with winter. Concentrations of all elements except Fe showed significant effects over time: Ca. Cu, Mg, Pb and Mn showed decreases over time, whereas Zn showed and increase. The mixed model analyses with the individual elements as the dependent variable showed some interesting relationships and requiere further follow-up as some of these appear to conflict with pre-existing concepts, though the multi-element data on which these concepts are based are limited. The variance for blood Pb and blood Mn arising form the other elements was small with 0.5% in the case of blood Pb and 3.7% for blood Mn. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
C1 [Gulson, Brian; Mizon, Karen] Macquarie Univ, Grad Sch Environm, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Gulson, Brian; Korsch, Michael] CSIRO Explorat & Mining, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Taylor, Alan] Macquarie Univ, Dept Psychol, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
[Stauber, Jennifer] CSIRO Energy Technol, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
[Davis, J. Michael] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Louie, Honway; Wu, Michael; Antin, Luminita] Inst Natl Measurement Stand, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
RP Gulson, B (reprint author), Macquarie Univ, Grad Sch Environm, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia.
EM bgulson@gse.mq.edu.au
RI Davis, J Michael/B-3337-2009; Stauber, Jenny/G-8418-2011
NR 33
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG
PI JENA
PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY
SN 0946-672X
J9 J TRACE ELEM MED BIO
JI J. Trace Elem. Med. Biol.
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 3
BP 206
EP 214
DI 10.1016/j.jtemb.2008.04.001
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 356XL
UT WOS:000259810800005
PM 18755396
ER
PT J
AU Kopits, E
Cropper, M
AF Kopits, Elizabeth
Cropper, Maureen
TI Why have traffic fatalities declined in industrialised countries?
Implications for pedestrians and vehicle occupants
SO JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT ECONOMICS AND POLICY
LA English
DT Article
ID SEAT-BELT LAWS; SAFETY REGULATION; BEHAVIOR
AB This paper examines the relationship between traffic fatalities and income for vehicle occupants and pedestrians and investigates factors underlying the decline in fatalities per vehicle kilometre travelled (VKT) using panel data for 32 countries from 1963-2002. Results suggest the downward-sloping portion of the curve relating traffic fatalities per capita to per capita income is due primarily to improved pedestrian safety (Kopits and Cropper, 2005a). More detailed models shed light on factors influencing pedestrian fatalities/VKT but some of the long-term improvement remains unexplained. Declines in occupant fatalities/VKT are explained primarily by reductions in alcohol abuse, improved medical services, and fewer young drivers.
C1 [Kopits, Elizabeth] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Cropper, Maureen] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
[Cropper, Maureen] World Bank, Washington, DC 20433 USA.
RP Kopits, E (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM kopits.elizabeth@epa.gov
NR 30
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU UNIV BATH
PI BATH
PA JRNL OF TRANSPORT ECON & POL CLAVERTON DOWN, BATH BA2 7AY, AVON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-5258
J9 J TRANSP ECON POLICY
JI J. Transp. Econ. Policy
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 42
BP 129
EP 154
PN 1
PG 26
WC Economics; Transportation
SC Business & Economics; Transportation
GA 259JF
UT WOS:000252934900006
ER
PT J
AU Hinchey, EK
Nicholson, MC
Zajac, RN
Irlandi, EA
AF Hinchey, Elizabeth K.
Nicholson, Matthew C.
Zajac, Roman N.
Irlandi, Elizabeth A.
TI Marine and coastal applications in landscape ecology
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE benthic landscapes habitat; fragmentation; landscape ecology; larval
dispersal; marine coral reef reserves; polychaete species diversity;
reef fish communities; seagrass landscape pattern; sediment metal
concentrations
ID ENVIRONMENT; PATTERN
AB Landscape ecology traditionally has been limited to the study of terrestrial systems; however, the questions and methods defining the science are equally relevant for marine and coastal systems. The reciprocal relationship between spatial pattern and ecological processes and the overarching effect of scale on this relationship was being explored in some marine and coastal settings as the general discipline of landscape ecology was evolving throughout the latter two decades of the last century. As with all components of the biosphere, an understanding of these relationships is critical for successful management of marine and coastal systems. In these systems, widely dispersed field or ship-based observations and lack of broad scale data have historically precluded quantification of large-scale patterns and processes and hindered management efforts. However, relatively recent advances in geographic information systems, remote sensing and computer technologies have begun to address these issues and are now permitting assessments of pattern and process in oceans. The intent of this special issue is to highlight research that is adapting the tools of landscape ecology to answer ecological questions within marine and coastal systems, to address the unique challenges faced in these landscapes, and to stimulate an exchange of ideas and solutions to common problems. Inspiration for this special issue of Landscape Ecology began with a special session on "Marine and Coastal Applications in Landscape Ecology" that was held at the 19th Annual Symposium of the United States Regional Association of the International Association for Landscape Ecology, March 31-April 2, 2004 in Las Vegas, Nevada.
C1 [Hinchey, Elizabeth K.; Nicholson, Matthew C.] US EPA, Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Zajac, Roman N.] Univ New Haven, Dept Biol & Environm Sci, Grad Program Environm Sci, West Haven, CT 06516 USA.
[Irlandi, Elizabeth A.] Florida Inst Technol, Dept Marine & Environm Syst, Melbourne, FL 32901 USA.
RP Hinchey, EK (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Illinois Indiana Sea Grant Coll Program, 77 W Jackson Blvd G-17J, Chicago, IL 60604 USA.
EM hinchey.elizabeth@epa.gov
NR 17
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 28
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PY 2008
VL 23
SU 1
BP 1
EP 5
DI 10.1007/s10980-007-9141-3
PG 5
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 259EV
UT WOS:000252922800001
ER
PT J
AU Hollister, JW
August, PV
Paul, JF
AF Hollister, Jeffrey W.
August, Peter V.
Paul, John F.
TI Effects of spatial extent on landscape structure and sediment metal
concentration relationships in small estuarine systems of the United
States' Mid-Atlantic Coast
SO LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE scale; estuarine condition; landscape composition; estuarine sediment
metal concentrations; USEPA environmental monitoring and assessment
program (EMAP); national land cover dataset (NLCD)
ID ANCILLARY DATA SOURCES; THEMATIC MAPPER DATA; LAND-COVER DATA;
CHESAPEAKE BAY; WATER-QUALITY; TRACE-METALS; PATTERN; SCALE; ECOLOGY;
CONTAMINATION
AB Prior studies exploring the quantitative relationship between landscape structure metrics and the ecological condition of receiving waters have used a variety of sampling units (e.g., a watershed, or a buffer around a sampling station) at a variety of spatial scales to generate landscape metrics resulting in little consensus on which scales best describe land-water relationships. Additionally, the majority of these studies have focused on freshwater systems and it is not clear whether results are transferable to estuarine and marine systems. We examined how sampling unit scale controls the relationship between landscape structure and sediment metal concentrations, in small estuarine systems in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States. We varied the spatial extent of the contributing watersheds used to calculate landscape structure and assessed linear relationships between estuarine sediment metal concentrations and the total area of developed and agricultural lands at each scale. Area of developed lands was consistently related to sediment metals while total agricultural land was not. Developed land had strongest associations with lead and copper; weakest with arsenic and chromium; and moderate associations with cadmium, mercury, and zinc. Local (i.e., less than 15-20 km from a sampling station) land uses have a greater impact than more distant land uses on the amount of toxic metals reaching estuarine sediments.
C1 [Hollister, Jeffrey W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[August, Peter V.] Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Nat Resource Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[Paul, John F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Hollister, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM Hollister.Jeff@epa.gov
OI Hollister, Jeffrey/0000-0002-9254-9740
NR 63
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-2973
J9 LANDSCAPE ECOL
JI Landsc. Ecol.
PY 2008
VL 23
SU 1
BP 91
EP 106
DI 10.1007/s10980-007-9143-1
PG 16
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 259EV
UT WOS:000252922800008
ER
PT J
AU Parks, CG
Cooper, GS
Dooley, MA
Park, MM
Treadwell, EL
Gilkeson, GS
AF Parks, C. G.
Cooper, G. S.
Dooley, M. A.
Park, M. M.
Treadwell, E. L.
Gilkeson, G. S.
TI Childhood agricultural and adult occupational exposures to organic dusts
in a population-based case-control study of systemic lupus erythematosus
SO LUPUS
LA English
DT Article
DE systemic lupus erythematosus; endotoxins; hygiene hypothesis;
occupational exposure; livestock; epidemiology
ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; AUTOIMMUNE-DISEASES; CRYSTALLINE SILICA;
RISK-FACTORS; EARLY-LIFE; ASTHMA; MICE; WORKERS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE;
INFECTIONS
AB Organic dust exposure can influence the development and symptoms of immune-related diseases such as atopy and asthma, but has rarely been examined in relation to systemic autoimmunity. The present analyses explore the association of lifetime farm and occupational organic dust exposures with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in recently diagnosed patients (n = 265) compared with controls (n = 355) frequency matched by age, sex and state. Questionnaire data included childhood farm residence, childhood and adult experience with specific crops, and adult work in textiles, hog or poultry processing and paper or furniture manufacture. Adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (0) were estimated by logistic regression models including age, sex, state, race, education and silica exposure. Overall childhood or adult farm contact and childhood farm residence were not associated with SLE. Farm contact with livestock was inversely associated with SLE (OR = 0.55, 95% CI 0.35, 0.88). This effect was most pronounced among those with childhood farm residence and both childhood and adult livestock exposure (OR = 0.19; 95% CI 0.06, 0.63), but was difficult to separate from adult exposure to grains or corn. Other adult occupational exposures were not associated with SLE risk overall, regardless of childhood farm residence or livestock exposure, although an inverse association was seen among non-smokers (OR = 0.59; 95% CI 0.33, 1.1), particularly for textile work (OR = 0.34; 95% CI 0.19, 0.64). These exploratory findings support the development of studies to specifically investigate the effects of organic dust exposure on SLE risk, with particular attention to exposure assessment and characterization of demographics, smoking and other occupational exposures.
C1 [Parks, C. G.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Durham, NC 27709 USA.
[Parks, C. G.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV USA.
[Cooper, G. S.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Dooley, M. A.; Park, M. M.] Univ N Carolina, Div Rheumatol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Treadwell, E. L.] E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Greenville, NC USA.
[Gilkeson, G. S.] Med Univ S Carolina, Div Rheumatol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
RP Parks, CG (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233, Durham, NC 27709 USA.
EM parks1@mail.nih.gov
OI Parks, Christine/0000-0002-5734-3456
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
PI LONDON
PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND
SN 0961-2033
J9 LUPUS
JI Lupus
PY 2008
VL 17
IS 8
BP 711
EP 719
DI 10.1177/0961203308089436
PG 9
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA 337MT
UT WOS:000258440900003
PM 18625648
ER
PT J
AU Rosenberg, R
Gremare, A
Duchene, JC
Davey, E
Frank, M
AF Rosenberg, Rutger
Gremare, Antoine
Duchene, Jean Claude
Davey, Earl
Frank, Michael
TI Visualization and quantification of marine benthic biogenic structures
and particle transport utilizing computer-aided tomography
SO MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES
LA English
DT Article
DE benthos; bioturbation; macrofauna; tracer; sediment; Amphiura spp.
ID STAR AMPHIURA-FILIFORMIS; ORGANISM-SEDIMENT RELATIONS; IN-SITU;
ABRA-OVATA; NORTH-SEA; AXIAL TOMODENSITOMETRY; QUALITY ASSESSMENT; FOOD
AVAILABILITY; PROFILE IMAGERY; BALTIC SEA
AB Computer-aided tomography was used to visualize and quantify biogenic structures (e.g. burrows, shells) in 3 dimensions (3D) by scanning 9 replicate cores obtained from a 41 m deep station in the Gullmarsfjord (Skagerrak, western Sweden). The main objective was to visualize and quantify the biogenic structures and their volumes in the sediment. In addition, the particle transport was studied by adding an aluminum oxide tracer to the sediment-water interface (SWI), which was analysed after 57, 80 and 128 h, in 3 replicate cores each time. A new software programme was developed for rapid and accurate analysis. The fauna in the cores, analysed after scanning, were dominated by the brittle stars Amphiura filiformis and A. chiajei. The volumes of 'active' biogenic structures, defined as connecting to the SWI, were generally greatest close to the interface with some secondary peaks, probably related to the position of the disc chamber of the brittle stars. A mean volume of 560 cm(3) of biogenic structures per m(2) of sediment surface was recorded within the sediment (down to a mean depth of 137 mm, where the biogenic structures ceased to be 'active'). Ejection of particles to the SWI (mounding) was calculated to be between 4 and 40 mm(3) h(-1).
C1 [Rosenberg, Rutger] Univ Gothenburg, Kristineberg Marine Res Stn, Dept Marine Ecol, S-45034 Fiskebackskil, Sweden.
[Gremare, Antoine; Duchene, Jean Claude] Univ Bordeaux 1, EPOC, Stn Marine Arcachon, UMR 5805, F-33120 Arcachon, France.
[Davey, Earl] US EPA, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Frank, Michael] Lysekil Hosp, S-45325 Lysekil, Sweden.
RP Rosenberg, R (reprint author), Univ Gothenburg, Kristineberg Marine Res Stn, Dept Marine Ecol, S-45034 Fiskebackskil, Sweden.
EM rutger.rosenberg@marecol.gu.se
NR 59
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 2
U2 12
PU INTER-RESEARCH
PI OLDENDORF LUHE
PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY
SN 0171-8630
J9 MAR ECOL PROG SER
JI Mar. Ecol.-Prog. Ser.
PY 2008
VL 363
BP 171
EP 182
DI 10.3354/meps07463
PG 12
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology;
Oceanography
GA 336JI
UT WOS:000258359700015
ER
PT S
AU Kovalick, WW
AF Kovalick, Walter W., Jr.
BE Annable, MD
Teodorescu, M
Hlavinek, P
Diels, L
TI Review of characterization and remediation technologies for NAPL's in
groundwater
SO METHODS AND TECHNIQUES FOR CLEANING-UP CONTAMINATED SITES
SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Methods and Techniques for
Cleaning-up Contaminated Sites
CY OCT 09-11, 2006
CL Sinaia, ROMANIA
SP NATO
C1 US EPA, Chicago, IL USA.
RP Kovalick, WW (reprint author), US EPA, Chicago, IL USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-6873-7
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2008
BP 165
EP 175
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-6875-1_15
PG 11
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water
Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering; Water Resources
GA BHK43
UT WOS:000253839300015
ER
PT J
AU Veronesi, B
Tajuba, J
Saleh, N
Ward, W
Hester, S
Carter, J
Lowry, GV
AF Veronesi, Bellina
Tajuba, Julianne
Saleh, Naveh
Ward, William
Hester, Susan
Carter, Jackie
Lowry, G. V.
TI Functionally charged polystyrene particles activate immortalized mouse
microglia (BV2): cellular and genomic response
SO NANOTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Submicron-size particles; particle toxicity; surface charge; zeta
potential; microglia; oxidative stress; BV2
ID BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; SURFACE-CHARGE; SCAVENGER RECEPTOR; IN-VITRO;
EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; VANILLOID
RECEPTORS; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS
AB The effect of particle surface charge on the biological activation of immortalized mouse microglia (BV2) was examined. Same size (similar to 850-950 nm) spherical polystyrene microparticles (SPM) with net negative (carboxyl, COOH-) or positive (dimethyl amino, CH3)(2)-N-zeta potentials were exposed to BV2 microglia (5-20 mu l/ml). Both stimulated an oxidative burst, increased Caspase 3/7 activity and caused inflammatory cytokine release. Ultrastructure indicated that SPM particles were phagocytosed as single particles but formed large intra-cellular 4-6 mu m agglomerates. Microarray analysis indicated that negatively charged SPM-COOH-affected approximately 146 genes while the positively charged SPM-(CH3)(2)-N-affected approximately 2580 genes. Only 30 genes were significantly affected in common. Of the 48 genes associated with oxidative stress pathways, 33 genes were coordinately down-regulated by SPM-(CH3)(2)-N- and up-regulated by SPM-COOH-exposure. Together, these data indicate that functionally charged, inert submicron-size particles differentially activate BV2 microglia along oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways.
C1 [Veronesi, Bellina; Ward, William; Hester, Susan; Carter, Jackie] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Tajuba, Julianne] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Saleh, Naveh; Lowry, G. V.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Veronesi, B (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, B105-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Veronesi.Bellina@epa.gov
NR 53
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 7
PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE
PI NEW YORK
PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA
SN 1743-5390
J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY
JI Nanotoxicology
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 3
BP 130
EP 143
DI 10.1080/17435390802296347
PG 14
WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology
GA 363WG
UT WOS:000260297200004
ER
PT J
AU Mwanza, JC
Finley, D
Spivey, CL
Graff, JE
Herr, DW
AF Mwanza, Jean-Claude
Finley, Dana
Spivey, Christopher L.
Graff, Jaimie E.
Herr, David W.
TI Depression of the photic after discharge of flash evoked potentials by
physostigmine, carbaryl and propoxur, and the relationship to inhibition
of brain cholinesterase
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE carbaryl; brain cholinesterase; flash evoked potentials; photic after
discharge; physostigmine; propoxur
ID LATERAL GENICULATE-NUCLEUS; FREELY MOVING RATS; CAT VISUAL-CORTEX;
ALBINO-RAT; CHOLINERGIC MODULATION; SUBSTANCE GALANTHAMINE; SUPERIOR
COLLICULUS; PEAK N160; AFTERDISCHARGES; ACETYLCHOLINE
AB The effects of N-methyl carbamate pesticides on the photic after discharge (PhAD) of flash evoked potentials (FEPs) and the relationship between inhibition of brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity and the PhAD were evaluated. FEPs were recorded in Long Evans rats treated with physostigmine (s.c.) 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3 mg/kg (free base), in an ascorbic acid/saline vehicle, carbaryl (p.o.) 0, 1, 3, 10, 30, 50 or 75 mg/kg, or propoxur (p.o.) 0, 0.3, 3, 10, 20, 30, or 40 mg/kg in a corn oil vehicle. Physostigmine served as positive control based on literature data. Early (e.g. peak N-36) and late FEP components (peak N-166 and PhAD) are related to the initial retino-geniculate afferent volley and higher cortical processing of visual information, respectively. Compared to controls, the PhAD duration decreased following treatment with 0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg physostigmine, 75 mg/kg carbaryl or 30 mg/kg propoxur. Lesser changes were noted in FEP amplitudes or peak latencies. Treatment with 0.2 or 0.3 mg/kg physostigmine increased peak N-36 latency. Peak N-166 latency increased only following exposure to 40 mg/kg propoxur. None of the compounds altered peak N-36 or N-166 amplitudes. Hypothermia was observed at doses greater than 0.05 mg/kg physostigmine, at 30 or 50 mg/kg carbaryl, and after treatment with 10, 20 or 40 mg/kg propoxur. Inhibition of brain ChE activity occurred at dosages greater than 0.05 mg/kg physostigmine, 1 mg/kg carbaryl, and 0.3 mg/kg propoxur. Linear regression analysis indicated that the decrease in PhAD duration correlated with decrease in brain ChE activity. The results indicate that at 30 min after treatment, inhibition of brain ChE activity did not affect cortical processing of the input from the retino-geniculate volley (evidenced by unaltered peak N-36 amplitude). However, the data suggest that disruption of cortical processing of visual signals related to FEP late components, as indicated by depression of the PhAD, was related to inhibition of brain ChE activity. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Mwanza, Jean-Claude] CNR, Washington, DC 20001 USA.
[Finley, Dana] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Spivey, Christopher L.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
RP Mwanza, JC (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, NTD, NPTB, Res Triangle Pk,MD B105-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM jcmwanza@hotmail.com
NR 81
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 1
BP 87
EP 100
DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2007.09.004
PG 14
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 262ZO
UT WOS:000253187600010
PM 17950890
ER
PT J
AU Viberg, H
Mundy, W
Eriksson, P
AF Viberg, Henrik
Mundy, William
Eriksson, Per
TI Neonatal exposure to decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE 209) results in
changes in BDNF, CaMKII and GAP-43, biochemical substrates of neuronal
survival, growth, and synaptogenesis
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE decabrominated diphenyl ether; PBDE 209; neonatal; flame retardants;
neurotoxicity; BDNF; CaMKII; GAP-43
ID BROMINATED FLAME-RETARDANT; PROTEIN-KINASE-II; BRAIN MUSCARINIC
RECEPTORS; RAT-BRAIN; ADULT MICE; SPONTANEOUS BEHAVIOR; DEFINED PERIOD;
PERMANENT CHANGES; MESSENGER-RNA; 2,2',4,4',5-PENTABROMODIPHENYL ETHER
AB Mammals have a marked period of rapid brain growth and development (BGS), which is postnatal in mice and rats, spanning the first 3-4 weeks of life and reaching its peak around postnatal day 10. CaMKII, GAP-43 and BDNF play important roles during the BGS in mammals. One class of flame retardants, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), are present and increasing in the environment and in human milk, which is also true for the only congener still in use, decabrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE 209). In the present study, the brains from 1, 3, 7, 10, 14 and 28 days old mice, were analysed for CaMKII and GAP-43.The level of CaMKII increases continuously during the neonatal period, while GAP-43 has a be] I-shaped ontogeny curve, which peaks around postnatal day 10, in mouse brain. Furthermore, the effects of PBDE 209 on the developmental expression of CaMKII GAP-43 and BDNF were examined in mice. Neonatal NMRI-male mice were orally exposed on days 3-20.1 mg PBDE 209/kg body weight. The animals were euthanized 7 days after exposure to PBDE 209 and levels of CaMKII, GAP-43 and BDNF were analysed in different brain regions. The protein analysis showed that CaMKII increased significantly in hippocampus, but not in cortex, in animals 7 days after exposure to PBDE 209. GAP-43 showed a significant increase in hippocampus and a significant decrease in cortex of animals 7 days after exposure to PBDE 209. BDNF decreased significantly in hippocampus, but not in cortex, in mice 7 days after exposure to PBDE 209.This shows that PBDE 209 affects important proteins involved in normal maturation of the brain and further strengthen our findings concerning PBDE 209 as a developmental neurotoxicological agent. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All fights reserved.
C1 [Viberg, Henrik; Eriksson, Per] Uppsala Univ, Dept Environm Toxicol, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
[Mundy, William] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Viberg, H (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Environm Toxicol, Norbyvagen 18A, S-75236 Uppsala, Sweden.
EM Henrik.Viberg@ebc.uu.se
OI Viberg, Henrik/0000-0001-5435-2085
NR 71
TC 86
Z9 98
U1 0
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 1
BP 152
EP 159
DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2007.10.007
PG 8
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 262ZO
UT WOS:000253187600018
PM 18061678
ER
PT J
AU Warren, JM
Brooks, JR
Meinzer, FC
Eberhart, JL
AF Warren, Jeffrey M.
Brooks, J. Renee
Meinzer, Frederick C.
Eberhart, Joyce L.
TI Hydraulic redistribution of water from Pinus ponderosa trees to
seedlings: evidence for an ectomycorrhizal pathway
SO NEW PHYTOLOGIST
LA English
DT Article
DE common mycorrhizal network (CMN); ectomycorrhizal fungi; hydraulic lift;
ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa); water transport
ID ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL SYMBIOSIS; NORTHWEST CONIFEROUS FORESTS;
SOIL-WATER; DOUGLAS-FIR; TRANSPORT; PLANTS; LIFT; ROOTS; TRANSLOCATION;
PATTERNS
AB While there is strong evidence for hydraulic redistribution (HR) of soil water by trees, it is not known if common mycorrhizal networks (CMN) can facilitate HR from mature trees to seedlings under field conditions.
Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa) seedlings were planted into root-excluding 61-mu m mesh barrier chambers buried in an old-growth pine forest. After 2 yr, several mature trees were cut and water enriched in D2O and acid fuchsin dye was applied to the stumps.
Fine roots and mycorrhizal root tips of source trees became heavily dyed, indicating reverse sap flow in root xylem transported water from stems throughout root systems to the root hyphal mantle that interfaces with CMN. Within 3 d, D2O was found in mesh-chamber seedling foliage > 1 m from source trees; after 3 wk, eight of 10 mesh-chamber seedling stem samples were significantly enriched above background levels. Average mesh-chamber enrichment was 1.8x greater than that for two seedlings for which the connections to CMN were broken by trenching before D2O application.
Even small amounts of water provided to mycorrhizas by HR may maintain hyphal viability and facilitate nutrient uptake under drying conditions, which may provide an advantage to seedlings hydraulically linked by CMN to large trees.
C1 [Warren, Jeffrey M.; Meinzer, Frederick C.] US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[Warren, Jeffrey M.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
[Brooks, J. Renee] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Eberhart, Joyce L.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Forest Sci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Warren, JM (reprint author), US Forest Serv, Pacific NW Res Stn, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM warrenjm@ornl.gov
RI Warren, Jeffrey/B-9375-2012; Meinzer, Frederick/C-3496-2012;
OI Warren, Jeffrey/0000-0002-0680-4697; Brooks, Renee/0000-0002-5008-9774
NR 47
TC 55
Z9 60
U1 5
U2 56
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0028-646X
J9 NEW PHYTOL
JI New Phytol.
PY 2008
VL 178
IS 2
BP 382
EP 394
DI 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2008.02377.x
PG 13
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 279WE
UT WOS:000254385100017
PM 18298435
ER
PT B
AU Kelly, JR
AF Kelly, J. R.
BE Hatfield, JL
Follett, RF
TI Nitrogen Effects on Coastal Marine Ecosystems
SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND
EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID ESTIMATING PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTIVITY; SUBMERGED AQUATIC VEGETATION;
NUTRIENT OVER-ENRICHMENT; NORTH-ATLANTIC OCEAN; UPPER CHESAPEAKE-BAY;
PELAGIC FOOD WEBS; GULF-OF-MEXICO; FRESH-WATER; NARRAGANSETT-BAY;
UNITED-STATES
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Kelly, JR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
NR 209
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 978-0-08-056989-5; 978-0-12-374347-3
PY 2008
BP 271
EP 332
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00010-X
PG 62
WC Microbiology; Soil Science
SC Microbiology; Agriculture
GA BFN15
UT WOS:000320592600010
ER
PT J
AU Manale, AP
AF Manale, A. P.
BE Hatfield, JL
Follett, RF
TI New Policy Directions
SO NITROGEN IN THE ENVIRONMENT: SOURCES, PROBLEMS, AND MANAGEMENT, 2ND
EDITION
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID WATER-QUALITY; RESOURCE-MANAGEMENT; POLLUTION-CONTROL; NITROGEN-CYCLE;
CONSERVATION; LANDSCAPE; DECISIONS; CONSEQUENCES; AGRICULTURE;
UNCERTAINTY
C1 US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Manale, AP (reprint author), US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 155
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 978-0-08-056989-5
PY 2008
BP 649
EP 684
DI 10.1016/B978-0-12-374347-3.00022-6
PG 36
WC Microbiology; Soil Science
SC Microbiology; Agriculture
GA BFN15
UT WOS:000320592600022
ER
PT S
AU Godsey, C
AF Godsey, Cindi
BE Allee, BJ
TI National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit Process
SO NORTH ALEUTIAN BASIN ENERGY-FISHERIES, WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS
SE ALASKA SEA GRANT REPORT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT North Aleutian Basin Energy Fisheries Workshop
CY MAR 18-19, 2008
CL Anchorage, AK
C1 US EPA, Anchorage, AK 99577 USA.
RP Godsey, C (reprint author), US EPA, 222 W 7th Ave,Box 19, Anchorage, AK 99577 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU ALASKA SEA GRANT COLL PROGRAM
PI FAIRBANKS
PA UNIV ALASKA FAIRBANKS PO BOX 755040, FAIRBANKS, AK 99775-5040 USA
SN 0271-7069
BN 978-1-56612-137-8
J9 ALASKA SEA
PY 2008
VL 09-03
BP 113
EP 117
PG 5
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences; Fisheries
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Fisheries
GA BJG20
UT WOS:000265596600022
ER
PT J
AU Meng, L
Taylor, DL
Serbst, J
Powell, JC
AF Meng, Lesa
Taylor, David L.
Serbst, Jonathan
Powell, J. Christopher
TI Assessing habitat quality of Mount Hope Bay and Narragansett Bay using
growth, RNA : DNA, and feeding habits of caged juvenile Winter Flounder
(Pseudopleuronectes americanus Walbaum)
SO NORTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID OF-THE-YEAR; SIZE-DEPENDENT PREDATION; SHRIMP CRANGON-SEPTEMSPINOSA;
TAUTOG TAUTOGA-ONITIS; LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS; FIELD OBSERVATIONS;
DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; MARINE FISHES; MORTALITY; RATES
AB Somatic growth rates, RNA:DNA, and feeding habits of juvenile Pseudopleuronectes americanus (Winter Flounder) were used to asses small-scale spatio-temporal variations in the habitat quality of Mount Hope Bay and Narragansett Bay, RI. Three successive caging experiments (14-16 d each) were conducted with flounder (initial size = 25-35 mm total length) in June and July 2003 in shallow water habitats (<1 m) of Spar Island, Common Fence Point, and Hog Island; the first two sites were located in Mount Hope Bay, and the latter in Narragansett Bay. The average growth rate of flounder ranged between 0.51 and 0.95 mm d(-1) and was inversely related with increased incidences of hypoxic conditions (i.e., amount of time dissolved oxygen was <= 4.0 mg L-1). RNA:DNA, a surrogate measure of growth and feeding condition, corroborated somatic growth trends, and therefore exhibited similar spatio-temporal variability. In contrast to somatic growth, however, water temperature was the most important factor affecting flounder condition, such that RNA:DNA was inversely related to the amount of time water temperature was >20 degrees C. Benthic core samples indicated that food availability was greatest at Spar Island and was attributable to the numerical dominance of Crepidula fornicata Linnaeus (slipper limpet) during the early summer. Moreover, stomach contents of flounder reflected differences in prey species composition, whereby individuals from Spar Island consumed a higher percentage of molluscs relative to them other sites, where the preferred prey items were harpacticoid copepods and small decapods (primarily brachyuran crabs). Despite the observed discrepancies in feeding habits across sites, the extent of stomach fullness for flounder did not vary spatially (mean fullness = 44-49% across sites). It is concluded that the somatic growth, RNA:DNA, and feeding behavior of juvenile flounder in Mount Hope Bay and Narragansett Bay varies significantly across small spatio-temporal scales in response to changes in dissolved oxygen and thermal conditions.
C1 [Taylor, David L.] Roger Williams Univ, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, Bristol, RI 02809 USA.
[Meng, Lesa; Serbst, Jonathan] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Powell, J. Christopher] Ft Wetherill Marine Lab, Div Fish & Wildlife Marine Fisheries, Jamestown, RI 02835 USA.
RP Taylor, DL (reprint author), Roger Williams Univ, Dept Biol & Marine Biol, 1 Old Ferry Rd, Bristol, RI 02809 USA.
EM dtaylor@rwu.edu
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 3
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1092-6194
J9 NORTHEAST NAT
JI Northeast. Nat
PY 2008
VL 15
IS 1
BP 35
EP 56
DI 10.1656/1092-6194(2008)15[35:AHQOMH]2.0.CO;2
PG 22
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 288DS
UT WOS:000254967000004
ER
PT S
AU Li, Z
Lee, K
Kepkay, P
King, T
Yeung, W
Boufadel, MC
Venosa, AD
AF Li, Z.
Lee, K.
Kepkay, P.
King, T.
Yeung, W.
Boufadel, M. C.
Venosa, A. D.
BE Davidson, WF
Lee, K
Cogswell, A
TI Wave tank studies on chemical dispersant effectiveness: Dispersed oil
droplet size distribution
SO OIL SPILL RESPONSE: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO CCMS Workshop on Oil Spill Responde
CY OCT 11-13, 2006
CL Dartmouth, CANADA
SP NATO CCMS
DE wave tank; dispersant; oil droplet; LISST; waves
AB In evaluation of chemical dispersant effectiveness, the two most important factors that need to be addressed and fully characterized. in terms of efficacy are energy dissipation rate and particle size distribution. A wave tank facility was designed and constructed to specifically address these factors in controlled oil dispersion studies. The: particle size distribution of the dispersed oil was quantified by a laser in-situ scattering and transmissometer (LISST-100X). The size distribution and morphology of the dispersed oil were characterized by an image analysis system based on a microscope fitted with transmitted light and ultraviolet-epifluorescence illumination. Time-series particle size distribution during physical and chemical dispersion of crude oil. under a variety of non-breaking and breaking waves are presented.
C1 [Li, Z.; Lee, K.; Kepkay, P.; King, T.; Yeung, W.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ctr Offshore Oil & Gas Environm Res, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
[Boufadel, M. C.] Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Venosa, A. D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Li, Z (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ctr Offshore Oil & Gas Environm Res, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
NR 12
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8563-5
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2008
BP 143
EP 157
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8565-9_19
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BIB44
UT WOS:000258136600007
ER
PT S
AU Lee, K
Li, Z
King, T
Kepkay, P
Boufadel, MC
Venosa, AD
AF Lee, K.
Li, Z.
King, T.
Kepkay, P.
Boufadel, M. C.
Venosa, A. D.
BE Davidson, WF
Lee, K
Cogswell, A
TI Wave tank studies on formation and transport of OMA from the chemically
dispersed oil
SO OIL SPILL RESPONSE: A GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO CCMS Workshop on Oil Spill Responde
CY OCT 11-13, 2006
CL Dartmouth, CANADA
SP NATO CCMS
DE wave tank; dispersant; OMA; LISST; fluoremetry
ID MINERAL AGGREGATE FORMATION; BREAKING WAVES; CRUDE-OIL; SALINITY;
DROPLETS; SPILLS; SIZE; LOAD
AB The interaction of chemical dispersants and suspended sediments with crude oil influences the fate and transport of oil spills in coastal waters. A wave tank study was conducted to investigate the effects of chemical dispersants and mineral fines on dispersion of oil, formation of oil-mineral-aggregates (OMAs), and microbial activities in natural seawater. Results of ultraviolet fluoremetry (UVF) and gas chromatography-flame ionized detector (GC-FID) analysis indicate that both dispersants; and mineral fines, alone and in combination, stimulate the dispersion of oil slick from surface to water column. A laser in-situ scattering and transsiometer (LISST-100X) measurement shows that the presence of mineral fines increased the total concentration of the suspended particles from 4 to 10 mu L/L, whereas the presence of dispersants decreased the particle size (mass mean diameter) from 5070 to 20 mu m. Enumeration with epifluorescent microscope shows that the presence of either dispersants or mineral fines significantly increased the number of particles in water.
C1 [Lee, K.; Li, Z.; King, T.; Kepkay, P.] Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ctr Offshore Oil & Gas Environm Res, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
[Boufadel, M. C.] Temple Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA.
[Venosa, A. D.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Lee, K (reprint author), Fisheries & Oceans Canada, Ctr Offshore Oil & Gas Environm Res, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, Canada.
EM LeeK@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca; LeeK@mar.dfo-mpo.gc.ca
NR 35
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8563-5
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur.
PY 2008
BP 159
EP 177
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8565-9_20
PG 19
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BIB44
UT WOS:000258136600008
ER
PT J
AU Daniels, JL
Rowland, AS
Longnecker, MP
Crawford, P
Golding, J
AF Daniels, J. L.
Rowland, A. S.
Longnecker, M. P.
Crawford, P.
Golding, J.
TI Early cognitive development and maternal dental mercury exposure: why
not consider ethylmercury exposure? Reply
SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
C1 [Daniels, J. L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Daniels, J. L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Longnecker, M. P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Ser, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Rowland, A. S.] Univ New Mexico, Dept Family & Community Med, MPH Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
[Crawford, P.] Univ Bristol, Sch Dent, Dept Paediat Dent, Bristol, Avon, England.
[Golding, J.] Univ Bristol, Dept Community Based Med, Bristol, Avon, England.
RP Daniels, JL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM Julie_daniels@unc.edu
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-5022
J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP
JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 22
IS 1
BP 110
EP 111
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
GA 263CF
UT WOS:000253194500013
ER
PT J
AU Vergura, R
Balboni, G
Spagnolo, B
Gavioli, E
Lambert, DG
McDonald, J
Trapella, C
Lazarus, LH
Regoli, D
Guerrini, R
Salvadori, S
Calo, G
AF Vergura, Raffaella
Balboni, Gianfranco
Spagnolo, Barbara
Gavioli, Elaine
Lambert, David G.
McDonald, John
Trapella, Claudio
Lazarus, Lawrence H.
Regoli, Domenico
Guerrini, Remo
Salvadori, Severo
Calo, Girolamo
TI Anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like activities of
H-Dmt-Tic-NH-CH(CH2-COOH)-Bid (UFP-512), a novel selective delta opioid
receptor agonist
SO PEPTIDES
LA English
DT Article
DE UFP-512; DOP receptor; receptor binding; bioassay; forced swimming test;
light-dark aversion; elevated plus-maze test
ID FORCED-SWIMMING TEST; LEARNED HELPLESSNESS MODEL; MESSENGER-RNA
EXPRESSION; DMT-TIC PHARMACOPHORE; IN-VIVO; ENDOGENOUS ENKEPHALINS;
EMOTIONAL RESPONSES; MICE DEFICIENT; RAT-BRAIN; FQ
AB Knockout and pharmacological studies have shown that delta opioid peptide (DOP) receptor signalling regulates emotional responses. In the present study, the in vitro and in vivo pharmacological profile of the DOP ligand, H-Dmt-Tic-NH-CH(CH2-COOH)-Bid (UFP-512) was investigated. In receptor binding experiments performed on membranes of CHO cells expressing the human recombinant opioid receptors, UFP-512 displayed very high affinity (pK(i) 10.20) and selectivity (>150-fold) for DOP sites. In functional studies ([S-35]GTP gamma S binding in CHOhDOP membranes and electrically stimulated mouse vas deferens) UFP-512 behaved as a DOP selective full agonist showing potency values more than 100-fold higher than DPDPE. In vivo, in the mouse forced swimming test, UFP-512 reduced immobility time both after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) and intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration. Similar effects were recorded in rats. Moreover, UFP-512 evoked anxiolytic-like effects in the mouse elevated plus maze and light-dark aversion assays. All these in vivo actions of UFP-512 were fully prevented by the selective DOP antagonist naltrindole (3 mg/kg, s.c.). In conclusion, the present findings demonstrate that UFP-512 behaves as a highly potent and selective agonist at DOP receptors and corroborate the proposal that the selective activation of DOP receptors elicits robust anxiolytic- and antidepressant-like effects in rodents. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Vergura, Raffaella; Spagnolo, Barbara; Gavioli, Elaine; Regoli, Domenico; Calo, Girolamo] Univ Ferrara, Dept Expt & Clin Med, Pharmacol Sect, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Vergura, Raffaella; Spagnolo, Barbara; Gavioli, Elaine; Regoli, Domenico; Calo, Girolamo] Univ Ferrara, Natl Inst Neurosci, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Balboni, Gianfranco; Guerrini, Remo; Salvadori, Severo] Univ Ferrara, Dept Pharmaceut Sci & Biotechnol Ctr, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
[Balboni, Gianfranco] Univ Cagliari, Dept Toxicol, I-09124 Cagliari, Italy.
[Lambert, David G.; McDonald, John] Univ Leicester, Dept Cardiovasc Sci, Leicester LE1 7RH, Leics, England.
[Trapella, Claudio] UFPeptides srl, Ferrara, Italy.
[Lazarus, Lawrence H.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Chem Pharmacol Lab, Med Chem Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Calo, G (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dept Expt & Clin Med, Pharmacol Sect, Via Fossato Mortara 19, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy.
EM g.calo@unife.it
RI Gavioli, Elaine/G-5075-2012; Lambert, David/B-2629-2012; Trapella,
Claudio/I-2128-2012;
OI Gavioli, Elaine/0000-0001-8967-1369; Trapella,
Claudio/0000-0002-6666-143X; Guerrini, Remo/0000-0002-7619-0918;
SALVADORI, Severo/0000-0002-8224-2358
FU Intramural NIH HHS [NIH0010172798, Z01 ES090053-20, Z01 ES100472-06]
NR 43
TC 39
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0196-9781
J9 PEPTIDES
JI Peptides
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 29
IS 1
BP 93
EP 103
DI 10.1016/j.peptides.2007.10.012
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 254LR
UT WOS:000252588600013
PM 18069089
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, L
Ding, H
Yan, J
Hui, R
Wang, W
Kissling, GE
Zeldin, DC
Wang, DW
AF Zhang, Laxi
Ding, Hu
Yan, Jiangtao
Hui, Rutai
Wang, Wei
Kissling, Grace E.
Zeldin, Darryl C.
Wang, Dao Wen
TI Genetic variation in cytochrorne P450 2J2 and soluble epoxide hydrolase
and risk of ischemic stroke in a Chinese population
SO PHARMACOGENETICS AND GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE CYP2J2; cytochrorne P450; EPHX2; genetics; ischemic stroke; polymorphism
ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; EPOXYGENASE-DERIVED EICOSANOIDS; ACTIVATED
PROTEIN-KINASE; ARACHIDONIC-ACID; EPOXYEICOSATRIENOIC ACIDS; SIGNALING
PATHWAYS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; CYTOCHROME-P450; DISEASE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS
AB Objective Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids have been recognized for their protective effects on the cardiovascular system. This study investigated whether two common polymorphisms in genes believed to be influential in regulating circulating levels of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids, namely cytochrome P450 2J2 (CYP2J2) G-50T and soluble epoxide hydrolase (EPHX2) G860A, were associated with ischemic stroke risk in a Chinese population.
Methods and results Screening of 200 patients with ischernic stroke and 350 control participants revealed that CYP2J2-50T allele frequency was not significantly different in ischernic stroke cases versus controls. In contrast, EPHX2 860A allele frequency was 16.8% in ischemic stroke cases versus 21.7% in controls (P=0.047), and the presence of this variant allele was associated with a significantly lower risk of ischernic stroke after adjustment for sex, age and multiple cardiovascular risk factors (adjusted odds ratio=0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.29-0.86). Moreover, there was a significant interaction between the EPHX2 G860A polymorphism, smoking and ischernic stroke risk such that nonsmokers carrying the EPHX2 G860A variant allele were at the lowest risk of ischernic stroke (odds ratio= 0.33, 95% confidence interval,
Conclusions Collectively, these data indicate a protective influence of the G860A polymorphism of EPHX2 on ischemic stroke in Chinese nonsmokers. Pharmacogenetics and Genomics 18:45-51 (c) 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
C1 [Zhang, Laxi; Ding, Hu; Yan, Jiangtao; Wang, Wei; Wang, Dao Wen] Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Tongji Hosp, Dept Internal Med,Inst Hypertens, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
[Hui, Rutai] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
[Hui, Rutai] Fuwai Hosp, Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100037, Peoples R China.
[Kissling, Grace E.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Wang, DW (reprint author), Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol, Tongji Med Coll, Tongji Hosp, Dept Internal Med,Inst Hypertens, 1095 Jiefang Ave, Wuhan 430030, Peoples R China.
EM dwwang@tjh.tjmu.edu.cn
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES025034-13]
NR 42
TC 38
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 8
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1744-6872
J9 PHARMACOGENET GENOM
JI Pharmacogenet. Genomics
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 1
BP 45
EP 51
DI 10.1097/FPC.0b013e3282f313e8
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Pharmacology
& Pharmacy
GA 246KM
UT WOS:000252005900005
PM 18216721
ER
PT B
AU McDonald, J
Nelson, B
Olson, B
Iden, ME
Fritz, SG
Honc, RL
AF McDonald, Joseph
Nelson, Brian
Olson, Brian
Iden, Michael E.
Fritz, Steven G.
Honc, Randell L.
GP ASME
TI Locomotive exhaust temperatures during high altitude tunnel operation in
Donner Pass
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE SPRING TECHNICAL CONFERENCE OF THE ASME INTERNAL
COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Sprint Technical Conference
CY APR 27-30, 2008
CL Chicago, IL
SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div
AB Locomotives in heavy-haul service at high altitude and within unventilated tunnels operate under some of the most extreme conditions encountered in the U.S. with regard to high ambient temperatures and high locomotive exhaust temperatures. Consideration of such conditions is crucial to the design of future catalytic emission control systems for locomotives. Field testing was conducted on two locomotives certified to U.S. Federal Tier 2 locomotive emissions standards operating as part of a four-locomotive consist pulling a heavy-freight train west-bound through the Donner Pass Region in late August 2007. The highest post-turbine exhaust temperatures observed over the entire test route occurred within Union Pacific Tunnel 41 - an approximately two-mile-long, unventilated tunnel located near Norden, California. Engine protection measures within the electronic locomotive and engine management systems of both locomotives limited the peak exhaust temperatures encountered during the tests to less than 560 degrees C.
C1 [McDonald, Joseph; Nelson, Brian; Olson, Brian] US EPA, Off Transport & Air Qual, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP McDonald, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Transport & Air Qual, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA
BN 978-0-7918-4813-5
PY 2008
BP 375
EP 384
PG 10
WC Engineering, Mechanical
SC Engineering
GA BHU76
UT WOS:000256549300037
ER
PT J
AU Mamantov, A
AF Mamantov, Andrew
TI Possible new reaction mechanisms of dideoxynucleosides as anti-AIDS
drugs
SO PROGRESS IN REACTION KINETICS AND MECHANISM
LA English
DT Article
DE anti-AIDS drugs; dideoxynucleosides; ribonucleotide reductase; reverse
transcriptase; mechanisms
ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RIBONUCLEOSIDE-DIPHOSPHATE REDUCTASE;
HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS;
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC-ACID SYNTHESIS; ADENOSINE-DEAMINASE DEFICIENCY;
ELECTRON-SPIN-RESONANCE; HYDROGEN BOND-CLEAVAGE; MOUSE EMBRYO CELLS;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI
AB Evidence is presented that a major class of drugs, the dideoxynucleosides (ddNs) and nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, may inhibit the symptoms of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) by initiation of inactivation at the ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) enzyme stage and/or inactivation of reverse transcriptase enzyme or at a stage more initial than that of the currently accepted DNA chain termination hypothesis. For example, it has been previously shown that ribonucleotide diphosphate reductase (RDPR) and ribonucleotide triphosphate reductase (RTPR) are inactivated with 2'-chloro-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-diphosphate-([3'-H-3]ClUDP) and triphosphate ([3'-H-3]ClUTP) by reaction with an intermediate furanone, Scheme 2. RDPR has also been inactivated by 2'-azido-2'-deoxyuridine 5'-diphosphate (N3UDP). Furthermore, addition of hydroxyurea to RNR can inhibit DNA synthesis which results in a rapid depletion of limiting deoxynucleotide triphosphate (dNTP) pools. There are similar perturbations of dNTP pools upon interaction of human RNR with 3'-azido-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (AZT), in human cell studies involving AZT/HIV and in adenosine/coformycin experiments in relation to inherited immunodeficiency, Table 1. Also, the herein proposed reduction mechanisms of nucleotides by RNR (e.g., a single electron transfer from the nucleotide base to the phenol moiety of the tyrosyl radical of RNR via a pathway involving the thiyl radical of a cysteine residue) can also account for the chemistry of some antiretroviral drugs, the ddNs. Analyses are presented that the RNR reductions of regular unsubstituted nucleotides may occur predominantly via initial 2' C-H abstraction instead of the originally proposed 3' C-H abstraction mechanism. Also, it is noted that the fate of the phenol moiety of the tyrosyl unit in some RNR reactions with 2'-halo-2'-deoxynucleotides is not clear. The proposed reaction mechanisms may provide guidance for the development of potentially effective anti-AIDS drugs.
C1 US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Mamantov, A (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM mamantov.andy@epa.gov
NR 143
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SCIENCE REVIEWS 2000 LTD
PI ST ALBANS
PA PO BOX 314, ST ALBANS AL1 4ZG, HERTS, ENGLAND
SN 1468-6783
EI 1471-406X
J9 PROG REACT KINET MEC
JI Prog. React. Kinet. Mech.
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 2
BP 99
EP 143
DI 10.3184/146867807X310783
PG 45
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA 330TH
UT WOS:000257965200001
ER
PT J
AU Pawel, D
Preston, D
Pierce, D
Cologne, J
AF Pawel, David
Preston, Dale
Pierce, Donald
Cologne, John
TI Improved estimates of cancer site-specific risks for A-bomb survivors
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID SOLID CANCER; METAANALYSIS; BAYES
AB Simple methods are investigated for improving summary site-specific radiogenic risk estimates. Estimates in this report are derived from cancer incidence data from the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of A-bomb survivors that are followed up by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation (RERF). Estimates from the LSS of excess relative risk (ERR) for soli cancer sites have typically been derived separately for each site. Even though the data for this are extensive, the statistical imprecision in site-specific (organ-specific) risk estimates is substantial, and it is clear that a large portion of the site-specific variation in estimates is due to this imprecision. Empirical Bayes (EB) estimates offer a reasonable approach for moderating this variation. The simple version of EB estimates that we applied to the LSS data are weighted averages of a pooled overall estimate of ERR and separately derived site-specific estimates, with weights determined by the data. Results indicate that the EB estimates are most useful for sites such as esophageal or bladder cancer, for which the separately derived ERR estimates are less precise than for other sites. (c) 2008 by Radiation Research Society.
C1 [Pawel, David] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Preston, Dale] Hirosoft Int, Eureka, CA USA.
[Pierce, Donald] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA.
[Cologne, John] Radiat Effects Res Fdn, Hiroshima, Japan.
RP Pawel, D (reprint author), US EPA, 1200 Penn Ave,NW MC 6608J, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM pawel.david@epa.gov
OI Cologne, John/0000-0003-1540-6639
NR 25
TC 22
Z9 23
U1 0
U2 1
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 169
IS 1
BP 87
EP 98
DI 10.1667/RR1092.1
PG 12
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 247WH
UT WOS:000252112800010
PM 18159958
ER
PT J
AU Puskin, JS
AF Puskin, J. S.
TI What can epidemiology tell us about risks at low doses?
SO RADIATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID BREAST-CANCER MORTALITY; ATOMIC-BOMB SURVIVORS; IONIZING-RADIATION;
LOCAL FALLOUT; TECHA RIVER; EXPOSURE; COHORT; CHILDHOOD; WORKERS;
POPULATION
AB Limitations on statistical power preclude direct detection and quantification of radiogenic cancer risks at very low (environmental) levels of low-LET radiation through epidemiological studies. Given this limitation and our incomplete understanding of cellular processes leading to radiation carcinogenesis, an "effective threshold" in the dose range of interest for radiation protection cannot yet be ruled out. Ongoing epidemiological studies of chronically exposed individuals receiving very low daily doses of radiation can be used, however, together with radiobiological data, to critically test whether such a threshold is plausible. (c) 2008 by Radiation Research Society.
C1 US EPA, Ctr Sci & Risk Assessment, Radiat Protect Div, ORIA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Puskin, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Ctr Sci & Risk Assessment, Radiat Protect Div, ORIA, 6608J, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM puskin.jerome@epa.gov
NR 22
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 0
PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0033-7587
J9 RADIAT RES
JI Radiat. Res.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 169
IS 1
BP 122
EP 124
DI 10.1667/RR1187.1
PG 3
WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology,
Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 247WH
UT WOS:000252112800013
PM 18159960
ER
PT B
AU Dunson, DB
AF Dunson, David B.
BE Dunson, DB
TI Random Effect and Latent Variable Model Selection Preface
SO RANDOM EFFECT AND LATENT VARIABLE MODEL SELECTION
SE Lecture Notes in Statistics
LA English
DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Dunson, DB (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
EM dunson@stat.duke.edu; dunson@stat.duke.edu
NR 2
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-0-387-76720-8
J9 LECT NOTES STAT
PY 2008
VL 192
BP V
EP VII
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-76721-5
PG 3
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA BKF18
UT WOS:000267943100001
ER
PT B
AU Cai, B
Dunson, DB
AF Cai, Bo
Dunson, David B.
BE Dunson, DB
TI Bayesian Variable Selection in Generalized Linear Mixed Models
SO RANDOM EFFECT AND LATENT VARIABLE MODEL SELECTION
SE Lecture Notes in Statistics
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID LONGITUDINAL DATA; COVARIANCE-SELECTION; HIERARCHICAL-MODELS; COMPONENT;
MATRICES
C1 [Cai, Bo] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Dunson, David B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Cai, B (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM bocai@gwm.sc.edu
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-0-387-76720-8
J9 LECT NOTES STAT
PY 2008
VL 192
BP 63
EP 91
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-76721-5
PG 29
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA BKF18
UT WOS:000267943100005
ER
PT B
AU Ghosh, J
Dunson, DB
AF Ghosh, Joyee
Dunson, David B.
BE Dunson, DB
TI Bayesian Model Selection in Factor Analytic Models
SO RANDOM EFFECT AND LATENT VARIABLE MODEL SELECTION
SE Lecture Notes in Statistics
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID APPROXIMATIONS; DIMENSION
C1 [Ghosh, Joyee; Dunson, David B.] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Dunson, David B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Ghosh, J (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM joyee@stat.duke.edu; dunson1@niehs.nih.gov; dunson1@niehs.nih.gov
NR 28
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-0-387-76720-8
J9 LECT NOTES STAT
PY 2008
VL 192
BP 151
EP 163
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-76721-5
PG 13
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA BKF18
UT WOS:000267943100008
ER
PT S
AU Cormier, SM
AF Cormier, S. M.
BE Linkov, I
Ferguson, E
Magar, VS
TI A SYNOPSIS OF IMMEDIATE AND DELIBERATE ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENTS
SO REAL-TIME AND DELIBERATIVE DECISION MAKING: APPLICATION TO EMERGING
STRESSORS
SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Risk, Uncertainly and Decision
Analysis for Environmental Security and Non-Chemical Stressors
CY APR, 2007
CL Estoril, PORTUGAL
SP NATO
AB Environmental assessments can be classified by the urgency of the problem and therefore the amount of time allowed for the assessment before a decision is made to benefit environmental and social objectives. Deliberate (occurring in an unhurried fashion) and immediate (performed without delay) assessments have different constraints; and different value judgments or standards are used to judge their quality. Being aware of the differences and similarities can improve the quality of both deliberate and immediate environmental assessments. In particular, deliberate assessments can eventually provide knowledge or decision tools for future unanticipated emergencies.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 43268 USA.
RP Cormier, SM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 43268 USA.
EM cormier.susan@epa.gov
NR 17
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-9024-0
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2008
BP 21
EP 29
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Operations Research & Management
Science
GA BIP16
UT WOS:000261511600002
ER
PT S
AU Cormier, SM
Shaw-Allen, P
Paul, JF
Spehar, RL
AF Cormier, S. M.
Shaw-Allen, P.
Paul, J. F.
Spehar, R. L.
BE Linkov, I
Ferguson, E
Magar, VS
TI ESTIMATION OF EFFECT THRESHOLDS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF WATER QUALITY
CRITERIA
SO REAL-TIME AND DELIBERATIVE DECISION MAKING: APPLICATION TO EMERGING
STRESSORS
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Risk, Uncertainly and Decision
Analysis for Environmental Security and Non-Chemical Stressors
CY APR, 2007
CL Estoril, PORTUGAL
SP NATO
ID MANAGEMENT; STREAMS
AB Biological and ecological effect thresholds can be used for determining safe levels of nontraditional stressors. The U.S. EPA Framework for Developing Suspended and Bedded Sediments (SABS) Water Quality Criteria (WQC) [36] uses a risk assessment approach to estimate effect thresholds for unacceptable levels of SABS in water bodies. Sources of SABS include:
1. Erosion from agricultural, construction, forestry practices, and stream banks
2. Resuspension of deposited sediment
3. Direct discharge from municipal, industrial, and agricultural sources
Excessive levels of SABS can destroy habitat for plants and animals, reduce the quality of drinking water, impair the quality and safety of recreational waters, increase the costs associated with irrigation and navigation, and decrease aesthetics. The SABS Framework is intended as a guide to the development of water quality criteria (WQC) and restoration targets. The SABS Framework uses an eco-epidemiological perspective to incorporate information from field observations with data from controlled laboratory experiments. The combined information is used to develop relationships that estimate the levels of SABS that will impair aquatic life or pollute sources intended for drinking water. The SABS Framework uses several statistical procedures to compare the estimated effects levels derived from field and laboratory data. Protective levels and restoration goals are recommended based on scientific precedent, logical argument, and statistical resolution. The risk estimates that result from using this approach are readily applicable for use in future emergency situations.
C1 [Cormier, S. M.; Shaw-Allen, P.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Paul, J. F.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Spehar, R. L.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN USA.
RP Cormier, SM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM cormier.susan@epa.gov
FU U.S. EPA
FX The authors are indebted to the many federal and state scientists who
helped to develop methods for developing stressor-response associations
and guidance for developing WQC. The chapter was greatly improved by
editorial suggestions from Christopher Broyles and Michael Griffith. The
research described in this paper was funded by the U.S. EPA (the
Agency). This paper has not been subjected to Agency review; therefore,
it does not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency. Mention of
trade names or commercial products does not constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
NR 44
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-9024-0
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur.
PY 2008
BP 159
EP +
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Operations Research & Management Science
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Operations Research & Management
Science
GA BIP16
UT WOS:000261511600009
ER
PT S
AU Pouliot, G
Pierce, T
Zhang, XY
Kondragunta, S
Wiedinmyer, C
Pace, T
Mobley, D
AF Pouliot, George
Pierce, Thomas
Zhang, Xiaoyang
Kondragunta, Shobha
Wiedinmyer, Christine
Pace, Tom
Mobley, David
BE Hao, WM
TI The impact of satellite-derived biomass burning emission estimates on
air quality
SO REMOTE SENSING OF FIRE: SCIENCE AND APPLICATION
SE Proceedings of SPIE
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Remote Sensing of Fire - Science and Application
CY AUG 10, 2008
CL San Diego, CA
SP SPIE
DE Biomass burning emission inventory; satellite-based; ground-based;
wildfires
ID FIRE; AMERICA
AB Various methods to generate satellite-based biomass burning emission estimates have recently been developed for their use in air quality models. Each method has different assumptions, data Sources, and algorithms. This paper compares three different satellite-based biomass burning emission estimates against a control case of no biomass burning and ground-based biomass estimate in an air quality model. We have chosen August 2002 for comparison, since all data sets were readily available. In addition, there was significant wildfire activity during this month. Our results suggest that there is large uncertainty in the emission estimates which results in both under-prediction and over-prediction of PM2.5 concentration fields.
C1 [Pouliot, George; Pierce, Thomas; Zhang, Xiaoyang; Kondragunta, Shobha; Wiedinmyer, Christine; Pace, Tom; Mobley, David] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Pouliot, G (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM pouliot.george@epa.gov
RI Kondragunta, Shobha/F-5601-2010
OI Kondragunta, Shobha/0000-0001-8593-8046
NR 25
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING
PI BELLINGHAM
PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA
SN 0277-786X
BN 978-0-8194-7309-7
J9 PROC SPIE
PY 2008
VL 7089
AR 70890F
DI 10.1117/12.795395
PG 12
WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics
SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics
GA BIR90
UT WOS:000262362300010
ER
PT J
AU Knudsen, TB
AF Knudsen, Thomas B.
TI Untitled
SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Knudsen, Thomas B.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Knudsen, Thomas B.] Univ Louisville, Birth Defects Ctr, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
RP Knudsen, TB (reprint author), Univ Louisville, Birth Defects Ctr, Sch Dent, 501 S Preston St, Louisville, KY 40202 USA.
EM Thomas.Knudsen@Louisville.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0890-6238
J9 REPROD TOXICOL
JI Reprod. Toxicol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 25
IS 1
BP 1
EP 1
DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2007.11.009
PG 1
WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology
SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology
GA 261RO
UT WOS:000253097900001
ER
PT S
AU Knaak, JB
Dary, CC
Okino, MS
Power, FW
Zhang, XF
Thompson, CB
Tornero-Velez, R
Blancato, JN
AF Knaak, James B.
Dary, Curt C.
Okino, Miles S.
Power, Fred W.
Zhang, Xiaofei
Thompson, Carol B.
Tornero-Velez, R.
Blancato, Jerry N.
BE Whitacre, DM
TI Parameters for carbamate pesticide QSAR and PBPK/PD models for human
risk assessment
SO REVIEWS OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY, VOL 193
SE Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
ID HUMAN-SERUM-CHOLINESTERASE; IN-VITRO METABOLISM; FLAVIN-CONTAINING
MONOOXYGENASE; PLASMA PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; DRUG-DRUG INTERACTIONS;
ACTIVE-CENTER GORGE; N-METHYLCARBAMATE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; LOG-P;
ANTICHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY
C1 [Knaak, James B.] SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA.
[Dary, Curt C.; Okino, Miles S.; Power, Fred W.] US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
[Zhang, Xiaofei; Thompson, Carol B.] Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
[Tornero-Velez, R.; Blancato, Jerry N.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Knaak, JB (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, 3435 Main St, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA.
OI Blancato, Jerry/0000-0002-7023-5767
NR 310
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 17
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
SN 0179-5953
BN 978-0-387-73162-9
J9 REV ENVIRON CONTAM T
JI Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PY 2008
VL 193
BP 53
EP 210
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-73163-6_3
D2 10.1007/978-0-387-73163-6
PG 158
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA BHB57
UT WOS:000252096100003
PM 20614344
ER
PT J
AU Donohue, JM
Miller, WM
AF Donohue, Joyce Morrissey
Miller, Wynne Maynor
BE Howd, RA
Fan, AM
TI SUMMARY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF FEDERAL DRINKING WATER REGULATIONS AND
HEALTH-BASED GUIDELINES FOR CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS
SO RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Donohue, Joyce Morrissey] US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Miller, Wynne Maynor] US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Donohue, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-17338-1
PY 2008
BP 17
EP 33
PG 17
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA BCG85
UT WOS:000310172800004
ER
PT J
AU Lipscomb, JC
AF Lipscomb, John C.
BE Howd, RA
Fan, AM
TI TOXICOKINETICS FOR DRINKING WATER RISK ASSESSMENT
SO RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID VINYL-CHLORIDE; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS;
HUMAN-PREGNANCY; GLYCOL ETHERS; 2-BUTOXYETHANOL; HUMANS; RATS; TOXICITY;
PERCHLOROETHYLENE
C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Lipscomb, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
NR 70
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-17338-1
PY 2008
BP 91
EP 122
PG 32
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA BCG85
UT WOS:000310172800007
ER
PT J
AU Hertzberg, RC
Rice, GE
Teuschler, LK
Wright, JM
Simmons, JE
AF Hertzberg, Richard C.
Rice, Glenn E.
Teuschler, Linda K.
Wright, J. Michael
Simmons, Jane E.
BE Howd, RA
Fan, AM
TI HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL MIXTURES IN DRINKING WATER
SO RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; ADVERSE PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; PERINATAL PCB
EXPOSURE; JOINT TOXIC ACTION; INHALATION EXPOSURE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; TAP
WATER; TRIHALOMETHANE LEVELS; SPONTANEOUS-ABORTION; HALOACETIC ACIDS
C1 [Hertzberg, Richard C.] Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Rice, Glenn E.; Teuschler, Linda K.; Wright, J. Michael] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Simmons, Jane E.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Hertzberg, RC (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
NR 106
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-17338-1
PY 2008
BP 123
EP 170
PG 48
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA BCG85
UT WOS:000310172800008
ER
PT J
AU Donohue, JM
AF Donohue, Joyce Morrissey
BE Howd, RA
Fan, AM
TI RISK ASSESSMENT FOR ESSENTIAL NUTRIENTS
SO RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; DIETARY ZINC; COPPER; SUPPLEMENTATION
C1 US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Donohue, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci & Technol, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 22
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-17338-1
PY 2008
BP 201
EP 212
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA BCG85
UT WOS:000310172800010
ER
PT J
AU Macler, BA
AF Macler, Bruce A.
BE Howd, RA
Fan, AM
TI US EPA DRINKING WATER FIELD OFFICE PERSPECTIVES AND NEEDS FOR RISK
ASSESSMENT
SO RISK ASSESSMENT FOR CHEMICALS IN DRINKING WATER
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 US EPA, San Francisco, CA USA.
RP Macler, BA (reprint author), US EPA, San Francisco, CA USA.
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
PI OXFORD
PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-470-17338-1
PY 2008
BP 315
EP 323
PG 9
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA BCG85
UT WOS:000310172800015
ER
PT S
AU Cuthbertson, BJ
Blacksheart, PJ
AF Cuthbertson, Brandon J.
Blacksheart, Perry J.
BE Maquat, LE
Kiledjian, M
TI EVALUATING THE CONTROL OF MRNA DECAY IN FISSION YEAST
SO RNA TURNOVER IN EUKARYOTES: ANALYSIS OF SPECIALIZED AND QUALITY CONTROL
RNA DECAY PATHWAYS
SE Methods in Enzymology
LA English
DT Review; Book Chapter
ID AU-RICH ELEMENT; ZINC-FINGER PROTEINS; FACTOR-ALPHA PRODUCTION;
SCHIZOSACCHAROMYCES-POMBE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MAMMALIAN-CELLS;
POLYMERASE-II; CONFORMATIONAL-CHANGES; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;
IRON-DEFICIENCY
AB Abnormalities in rates of m RNA decay can lead to changes in steady-state levels of transcripts, which in turn can result in changes in protein production and abnormal phenotypes. For example, mice deficient in the gene encoding tristetraprolin (TTP), a tandem CCCH zinc finger domain protein, develop a complex syndrome that includes wasting, arthritis, and myeloid hyperplasia, all secondary to elevated levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). This in turn reflects elevated levels of TNF mRNA, which is a direct "target" of TTP binding and TTP-promoted deadenytation and decay. Three TTP-like proteins are expressed in human and four in mice, all of which bind mRNA and control transcript decay. In contrast, the Schizosoccharomyces pombe genome contains only one TTP-like protein, named Zfs1. Microarray analysis revealed that S. pombe cells deficient in zfs1 overexpress the arz1 mRNA, which has several ideal TTP-like binding sites in its 3'-untranslated region (UTR). We used the "no message in thiamine (nmt)" repressible system, in which thiamine rapidly shuts off gene transcription, to evaluate the relative stability of the arz1 mRNA in wild-type and zfs1-deficient cells. We found that the arz1 mRNA decayed much more rapidly in the presence of endogenous zfs1 than in its absence. The nmt system also proved useful for the study of mRNA sequence elements that are essential for interactions with zfs1, which eventually results in accelerated transcript decay. These studies illustrate the utility of the S. pombe nmt system for evaluating protein-mRNA interactions that affect mRNA decay in vivo and provide an alternative to the use of transcription inhibitors or heat-sensitive polymerase promoters that are used more commonly to evaluate mRNA decay in Saccharomyces cerevesiae. We hope to use this convenient experimental system to unravel the mechanism by which TTP family members, in this and other organisms, bind to mRNAs and promote their instability.
C1 [Cuthbertson, Brandon J.; Blacksheart, Perry J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Blacksheart, Perry J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Clin Res Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Cuthbertson, BJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
FU NIH; NIEHS
FX We thank Debbie Stumpo for help with Norhern blots and helpful
discussions, Yanhong Liao for help with S. pombe system, and Wi Lai for
insightful discussions. We also acknowledge the help of the NIEHS
Microarray Core. This work was supported by the Intramural Research
Program of the NIH, NIEHS.
NR 56
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0076-6879
BN 978-0-12-374584-2
J9 METHOD ENZYMOL
JI Methods Enzymol.
PY 2008
VL 449
BP 73
EP 95
DI 10.1016/S0076-6879(08)02404-X
PG 23
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA BIR48
UT WOS:000262253100004
PM 19215754
ER
PT J
AU Moudgal, CJ
Young, D
Nichols, T
Martin, T
Harten, P
Venkatapathy, R
Stelma, G
Siddhanti, S
Baier-Anderson, C
Wolfe, M
AF Moudgal, C. J.
Young, D.
Nichols, T.
Martin, T.
Harten, P.
Venkatapathy, R.
Stelma, G.
Siddhanti, S.
Baier-Anderson, C.
Wolfe, M.
TI Application of QSARs and VFARs to the rapid risk assessment process at
US EPA
SO SAR AND QSAR IN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE QSAR; VFAR; risk assessment; NHSRC; NRMRL
AB With continued development of new chemicals and genetically engineered microbes as potential agents for terrorism and industrial development, there is a great need for the continued development and application of quantitative structure activity relationships (QSARs) and virulence factor activity relationships (VFARs). Development and application of QSARs and VFARs will facilitate efficient and streamlined use of dwindling resources and assessment of risks associated with exposures to chemical and biological agents. To facilitate the continued development of QSARs and VFARs at US Environmental Protection Agency, a two day workshop was organized June 20-21, 2006, in Cincinnati, OH, USA. This article summarizes the workshop report by highlighting the importance of continued QSAR research, the current state of VFAR science, and the guidance provided to the National Homeland Security Research Center and National Risk Management Research Laboratory by an expert panel for the continued use and development of computational approaches.
C1 [Moudgal, C. J.] US EPA, TCAD, NHSRC, ENSV IO, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA.
[Young, D.; Martin, T.; Harten, P.] US EPA, Clean Proc Branch, NRMRL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Nichols, T.] US EPA, TCAD, NHSRC, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Stelma, G.] US EPA, Microbiol & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, NERL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Siddhanti, S.; Baier-Anderson, C.] Endyna Inc, Mclean, VA USA.
[Wolfe, M.] SAIC, Reston, VA USA.
RP Moudgal, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, TCAD, NHSRC, ENSV IO, Kansas City, KS 66101 USA.
EM moudgal.chandrika@epa.gov
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 7
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1062-936X
J9 SAR QSAR ENVIRON RES
JI SAR QSAR Environ. Res.
PY 2008
VL 19
IS 5-6
BP 579
EP 587
DI 10.1080/10629360802348944
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary
Applications; Environmental Sciences; Mathematical & Computational
Biology; Toxicology
SC Chemistry; Computer Science; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology; Toxicology
GA 359NZ
UT WOS:000259995500009
PM 18853303
ER
PT B
AU Evans, DA
Banzhaf, HS
Burtraw, D
Krupnick, AJ
Siikamaki, J
AF Evans, David A.
Banzhaf, H. Spencer
Burtraw, Dallas
Krupnick, Alan J.
Siikamaeki, Juha
BE Askins, RA
Dreyer, GD
Visgilio, GR
Whitelaw, DM
TI Valuing Benefits from Ecosystem Improvements using Stated Preference
Methods: An Example from Reducing Acidification in the Adirondacks Park
SO SAVING BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY: BALANCING PROTECTION OF ENDANGERED SPECIES
AND ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Saving Biological Diversity - Weighing the Protection of
Endangered Species vs Entire Ecosytems
CY APR 06-07, 2007
CL Connecticut Coll, New London, CT
HO Connecticut Coll
ID CONTINGENT VALUATION
AB Economists often use people's actions and choices to identify priorities for managing and protecting nature and for determining whether the benefit of :a particular activity is greater than its cost. However, the desire to protect and improve ecological resources is not entirely revealed by people's actions, but also reflects an intrinsic value that people place on the resource. This problem has given rise to the development of stated preference survey methods for eliciting monetized values for improving or protecting nature. We provide an introduction to stated preference methods and explain why economists feel that the are useful for government decision making. To provide context for this discussion, we describe a stated preference survey application that estimated the value of reducing acidification in the Adirondacks Park.
C1 [Evans, David A.; Banzhaf, H. Spencer; Burtraw, Dallas; Krupnick, Alan J.; Siikamaeki, Juha] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Evans, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
FU U.S.EPA [CX 826562-01-2, R832422]
FX The surveys and data analysis described in this chapter were supported
by the U.S.EPA (CX 826562-01-2 and R832422).
NR 29
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-0-387-09566-0
PY 2008
BP 101
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-09565-3_9
PG 3
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BIJ74
UT WOS:000260158900009
ER
PT B
AU Wigand, C
AF Wigand, Cathleen
BE Desbonnet, A
CostaPierce, BA
TI Coastal salt marsh community change in Narragansett Bay in response to
cultural eutrophication
SO SCIENCE FOR ECOSYSTEM-BASED MANAGEMENT: NARRAGANSETT BAY IN THE 21ST
CENTURY
SE SPRINGER SERIES ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on State of Science Knowledge of Nutrients in Narragansett Bay
CY NOV, 2004
CL Block Isl, RI
ID SEA-LEVEL RISE; MUMMICHOG FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; PHRAGMITES-AUSTRALIS
EXPANSION; NEW-ENGLAND; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; WAQUOIT BAY; COMMON REED;
RHODE-ISLAND; TIDAL MARSHES; NEW-JERSEY
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Wigand, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
NR 105
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 7
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES
BN 978-0-387-35298-5
J9 SPRINGER SER ENV MAN
JI Springer Ser. Environ. Manag.
PY 2008
BP 499
EP 521
DI 10.1007/978-0-387-35299-2_17
PG 23
WC Ecology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BHM67
UT WOS:000254291900017
ER
PT J
AU Singh, AP
Castranio, T
Scott, G
Guo, D
Harris, MA
Ray, M
Harris, SE
Mishina, Y
AF Singh, A. P.
Castranio, T.
Scott, G.
Guo, D.
Harris, M. A.
Ray, M.
Harris, S. E.
Mishina, Y.
TI Influences of reduced expression of maternal bone morphogenetic protein
2 on mouse embryonic development
SO SEXUAL DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE BMP2; decidualization; hypomorphic; neural tube closure; omphalocele
ID NEURAL CREST; WALL DEFECTS; BMP2; NEURULATION; MICE; RNA;
DECIDUALIZATION; DEFICIENT; CLOSURE; CELLS
AB Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) was originally found by its osteoinductive ability, and recent genetic analyses have revealed that it plays critical roles during early embryogenesis, cardiogenesis, decidualization as well as skeletogenesis. In the course of evaluation of the conditional allele for Bmp2, we found that the presence of a neo cassette, a selection marker needed for gene targeting events in embryonic stem cells, in the 3' untranslated region of exon 3 of Bmp2, reduced the expression levels of Bmp2 both in embryonic and maternal mouse tissues. Some of the embryos that were genotyped as transheterozygous for the floxed allele with the neo cassette over the conventional null allele (fn/-) showed a lethal phenotype including defects in cephalic neural tube closure and ventral abdominal wall closure. The number of embryos exhibiting these abnormalities was increased when, due to different genotypes, expression levels of Bmp2 in maternal tissues were lower. These results suggest that the expression levels of Bmp2 in both embryonic and maternal tissues influence the normal neural tube closure and body wall closure with different thresholds. Copyright (C) 2008 S. Karger AG, Basel.
C1 [Singh, A. P.; Castranio, T.; Mishina, Y.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Dev Biol Grp, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Scott, G.; Ray, M.; Mishina, Y.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Harris, M. A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA.
RP Mishina, Y (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Dev Biol Grp, Lab Reprod & Dev Toxicol, NIH, 111 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM mishina@niehs.nih.gov
RI Singh, Ajeet/G-3935-2013
FU NIEHS/NIH [ES071003-10]
FX We gratefully thank Drs. Hongbing Zhang and Allan Bradley for Bmp2
conventional null mice. We thank Ms. Leigh E. Davis, Ijeoma Nwosu,
Gloria MacDonald, and Kelly McCann for their technical support, Ms.
Tonya Miller for her excellent service of maintenance of the mouse
colonies. This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of
the NIEHS/NIH to Y.M. (ES071003-10).
NR 25
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 0
PU KARGER
PI BASEL
PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND
SN 1661-5425
J9 SEX DEV
JI Sex. Dev.
PY 2008
VL 2
IS 3
BP 134
EP 141
DI 10.1159/000143431
PG 8
WC Developmental Biology
SC Developmental Biology
GA 345GM
UT WOS:000258984300003
PM 18769073
ER
PT S
AU Luecken, D
AF Luecken, D.
BE Barnes, I
Kharytonov, MM
TI COMPARISON OF ATMOSPHERIC CHEMICAL MECHANISMS FOR REGULATORY AND
RESEARCH APPLICATIONS
SO SIMULATION AND ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICAL PROCESSES IN A MULTIPHASE
ENVIRONMENT
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Simulation and Assessment of Chemical
Processes in a Multiphase Environment
CY OCT 01-04, 2007
CL Alushta, UKRAINE
SP NATO Sci & Environm Affairs Div, European Sci Fdn, EUROCHAMP
DE Chemical mechanisms; CB4; CB05; SAPRC-99
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; MCM V3 PART; PHOTOCHEMICAL MECHANISMS;
TROPOSPHERIC DEGRADATION; CHEMISTRY; PROTOCOL
AB Four general types of chemical mechanisms that are used in atmospheric chemistry models are summarized, with a short description of the applications for which each type is most often used. Differences in the techniques used to develop these mechanisms can lead to some differences in their predictions of atmospheric pollutant concentrations. Three chemical mechanisms are used as an example to demonstrate how these predictions can differ both for absolute concentrations of pollutants and for their sensitivities of ozone and PM(2.5) to emission reductions.
C1 US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Luecken, D (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 20
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8844-5
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2008
BP 95
EP 106
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8846-9_8
PG 12
WC Chemistry, Applied; Environmental Sciences
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA BIM76
UT WOS:000260917300008
ER
PT J
AU Gardner, P
Primack, A
Rosenthal, JP
Bridbord, K
AF Gardner, Pierce
Primack, Aron
Rosenthal, Joshua P.
Bridbord, Kenneth
BE Mayer, KH
Pizer, HF
TI Principles of building the global health workforce
SO SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Gardner, Pierce] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
[Gardner, Pierce] Ctr Dis Control, Amer Coll Phys, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Gardner, Pierce] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Gardner, Pierce] CDC, Cent Nervous Syst Viral Surveillance Unit, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA.
[Gardner, Pierce] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Gardner, Pierce] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
[Gardner, Pierce] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA.
[Primack, Aron] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA.
[Primack, Aron] US Hlth Care Financing Adm, Program Integr, Washington, DC USA.
[Primack, Aron] US Hlth Care Financing Adm, Ctr Hlth Plans & Providers, Washington, DC USA.
[Primack, Aron] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
[Bridbord, Kenneth] US EPA, Washington, DC USA.
RP Gardner, P (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, New York, NY USA.
NR 3
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
BN 978-0-08-055714-4
PY 2008
BP 449
EP 463
DI 10.1016/B978-012370466-5.50022-4
PG 15
WC Infectious Diseases
SC Infectious Diseases
GA BFE74
UT WOS:000319510600019
ER
PT J
AU Hettiarachchi, GM
McLaughlin, MJ
Scheckel, KG
Chittleborough, DJ
Newville, M
Sutton, S
Lombi, E
AF Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.
McLaughlin, Mike J.
Scheckel, Kirk G.
Chittleborough, David J.
Newville, Mathew
Sutton, Steve
Lombi, Enzo
TI Evidence for different reaction pathways for liquid and granular
micronutrients in a calcareous soil
SO SOIL SCIENCE SOCIETY OF AMERICA JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID SMELTER-CONTAMINATED SOIL; MANGANESE; PHOSPHATE; SPECIATION;
SPECTROSCOPY; AVAILABILITY; PHOSPHORUS; SOLUBILITY; IFEFFIT; ZINC
AB The benefits of Mn and Zn fluid fertilizers over conventional granular products in calcareous sandy loam soils have been agronomically demonstrated. We hypothesized that the differences in the effectiveness between granular and fluid Mn and Zn fertilizers is due to different Mn and Zn reaction processes in and around fertilizer granules and fluid fertilizer bands. We used a combination of several synchrotron-based x-ray techniques, namely, spatially resolved micro-x-ray fluorescence (mu-XRF), micro-x-ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy (mu-XANES), and bulk-XANES and -extended x-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy, along with several laboratory-based x-ray techniques to speciate different fertilizer-derived Mn and Zn species in highly calcareous soils to understand the chemistry underlying the observed differential behavior of fluid and granular micronutrient forms. Micro-XRF mapping of soil-fertilizer reactions zones indicated that the mobility of Mn and Zn from liquid fertilizer was greater than that observed for equivalent granular sources of these micronutrients in soil. After application of these micronutrient fertilizers to soil, Mn and Zn from liquid fertilizers were found to remain in comparatively more soluble solid forms, such as hydrated Mn phosphate-like, Mn calcite-like, adsorbed Zn-like, and Zn silicate-like phases, whereas Mn and Zn from equivalent granular sources tended to transform into comparatively less soluble solid forms such as Mn oxide-like, Mn carbonate-fike, and Zn phosphate-like phases.
C1 [Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.; McLaughlin, Mike J.; Chittleborough, David J.] Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
[Hettiarachchi, Ganga M.; McLaughlin, Mike J.; Lombi, Enzo] CSIRO Land & Water, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
[Scheckel, Kirk G.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45224 USA.
[Newville, Mathew; Sutton, Steve] Univ Chicago, GSECARS, Chicago, IL 60637 USA.
RP Hettiarachchi, GM (reprint author), Univ Adelaide, Sch Earth & Environm Sci, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia.
EM ganga.hettiarachchi@adelaide.edu.au
RI McLaughlin, Mike/F-2931-2010; Scheckel, Kirk/C-3082-2009; Lombi,
Enzo/F-3860-2013; Hettiarachchi, Ganga/F-6895-2015
OI McLaughlin, Mike/0000-0001-6796-4144; Scheckel,
Kirk/0000-0001-9326-9241; Lombi, Enzo/0000-0003-3384-0375;
Hettiarachchi, Ganga/0000-0002-6669-2885
NR 25
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 12
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0361-5995
J9 SOIL SCI SOC AM J
JI Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J.
PD JAN-FEB
PY 2008
VL 72
IS 1
BP 98
EP 110
DI 10.2136/sssaj2007.0058
PG 13
WC Soil Science
SC Agriculture
GA 255TV
UT WOS:000252681300013
ER
PT J
AU Wilkes, AA
Cook, MM
DiGirolamo, AL
Eme, J
Grim, JM
Hohmann, BC
Conner, SL
McGill, CJ
Pomory, CM
Bennett, WA
AF Wilkes, Allison A.
Cook, Melissa M.
DiGirolamo, Anthony L.
Eme, John
Grim, Jeff M.
Hohmann, Bernadette C.
Conner, Sara L.
McGill, Cheryl J.
Pomory, Christopher M.
Bennett, Wayne A.
TI A Comparison of Damselfish Densities on Live Staghorn Coral (Acropora
cervicornis) and Coral Rubble in Dry Tortugas National Park
SO SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
ID REEF FISH COMMUNITIES; CARIBBEAN DAMSELFISHES; THREESPOT DAMSELFISH;
HABITAT; BEHAVIOR; FLORIDA; RECRUITMENT; DISTURBANCE; COMPETITION;
POPULATION
AB Over the past 30 years, cold events and disease have reduced much of the live Acropora cervicornis (Staghorn Coral) in Dry Tortugas National Park (DTNP), FL to fields of coral rubble. It is unclear how the resulting loss of three-dimensional reef structure has affected density and distribution of reef-dependent damselfishes. We compared densities of Stegastes adustus (Dusky Damselfish), Stegastes leucostictus (Beaugregory Damselfish), Microspathodon chrysurus (Yellowtail Damselfish), Stegastes planifrons (Three-spot Damselfish) and Stegastes variabilis (Cocoa Damselfish) inhabiting DTNP's last live Staghorn Coral formation with densities from surrounding coral rubble. Live Staghorn Coral supported a 65% higher damselfish density compared to coral rubble. Density of Dusky, Cocoa, Beaugregory, Yellowtail and Three-spot Damselfish on coral rubble(0.11, 0.58, 0.74, 0.02, and 0.06 fish/m(2), respectively) was less than that found on living Staghorn Coral colonies (2.03, 0.45, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.96 fish/m(2), respectively). Dusky Damselfish dominated the live Staghorn Coral site, the Cocoa and Beaugregory Damselfish dominated the coral rubble site. Juvenile density was ten times greater on coral rubble than on live Staghorn Coral, whereas adults had highest densitities on live Staghorn Coral.
C1 [Wilkes, Allison A.; Cook, Melissa M.; Conner, Sara L.; Pomory, Christopher M.; Bennett, Wayne A.] Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
[DiGirolamo, Anthony L.] Florida Fish & Wildlife, Jacksonville, FL 32221 USA.
[Eme, John] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA 92627 USA.
[Grim, Jeff M.] Ohio Univ, Athens, OH 45701 USA.
[Hohmann, Bernadette C.] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA.
[McGill, Cheryl J.] US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
RP Wilkes, AA (reprint author), Univ W Florida, Dept Biol, Pensacola, FL 32514 USA.
EM aaw9@students.uwf.edu
NR 42
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 13
PU HUMBOLDT FIELD RESEARCH INST
PI STEUBEN
PA PO BOX 9, STEUBEN, ME 04680-0009 USA
SN 1528-7092
J9 SOUTHEAST NAT
JI Southeast. Nat.
PY 2008
VL 7
IS 3
BP 483
EP 492
DI 10.1656/1528-7092-7.3.483
PG 10
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 357XA
UT WOS:000259879300008
ER
PT J
AU Dhungana, S
Crumbliss, AL
AF Dhungana, Suraj
Crumbliss, Alvin L.
BE Kaim, W
Klein, A
TI UV-Vis Spectroelectrochemistry of Selected Iron-Containing Proteins
SO SPECTROELECTROCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
ID HUMAN TRANSFERRIN RECEPTOR; FERRIC BINDING-PROTEIN; REDOX PROPERTIES;
CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; BACTERIAL TRANSFERRIN; SERUM TRANSFERRIN;
ELECTRON-TRANSFER; NITRIC-OXIDE; HEMOGLOBIN; REDUCTION
C1 [Dhungana, Suraj] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Crumbliss, Alvin L.] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Dhungana, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, DHHS, 111 TW Alexander Dr,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NR 73
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 1
PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-1-84755-840-4
PY 2008
BP 31
EP 67
DI 10.1039/9781847558404-00031
D2 10.1039/9781847558404
PG 37
WC Chemistry, Physical
SC Chemistry
GA BKW88
UT WOS:000269492400003
ER
PT S
AU Zucker, RM
AF Zucker, Robert M.
BE ReschGenger, U
TI Flow Cytometry Quality Assurance
SO STANDARDIZATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE IN FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS II:
BIOANALYTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS
SE Springer Series on Fluorescence
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
DE Alignment beads; Flow cytometry; Lasers; Multi-intensity beads; Quality
assurance; Quantification; Spectroscopy
ID SLIDE-BASED SYSTEMS; FLUORESCENCE SENSITIVITY; INTENSITY;
STANDARDIZATION; QUANTITATION; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION; IMAGES
AB A flow cytometer needs to be evaluated prior to its operation to insure that it is aligned with good sensitivity and the fluidics are functioning properly without any restrictions or blockage. Two simple performance tests have been described to determine if a flow cytometer is functional with good sensitivity. The first test determines if the system is properly aligned with a clean flow cell that contains no fluidic blockage. Using uniform single-intensity beads, the coefficients of variation (CVs), peak channels, and histogram distributions are measured to assess the system for alignment and functionality. The second test monitors the sensitivity of the system by using a series of four to six multi-intensity beads. The test measures dye contamination, the cleanliness of the system and the amount of background light scatter that may be contained in the system. By comparing the means and standard deviations of the first two peaks, a value can be determined which relates to the sensitivity of the system. Failure to obtain good CV and sensitivity values in these two tests will compromise the ability to detect dim fluorescence from the background and will ultimately affect the precision of the system. These multi-intensity beads can also be used to determine the linearity of the system. It is important to run these tests at the flow rate at which the samples will ultimately be measured, as the values will change as the flow rate increases.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div MD 67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Zucker, RM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div MD 67, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM zucker.robert@epa.gov
NR 26
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN
PI BERLIN
PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY
SN 1617-1306
BN 978-3-540-70570-3
J9 SPRINGER SER FLUORES
PY 2008
VL 06
BP 343
EP 370
DI 10.1007/4243_2008_047
PG 28
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical; Optics;
Spectroscopy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Optics; Spectroscopy
GA BJV84
UT WOS:000267284000013
ER
PT J
AU Pfeiffer, C
AF Pfeiffer, Caryl
BA Boscheck, R
BF Boscheck, R
TI How the clean air interstate rule will affect investment and management
decisions in the US electricity sector
SO STRATEGIES, MARKETS AND GOVERNANCE: EXPLORING COMMERCIAL AND REGULATORY
AGENDAS
LA English
DT Article; Book Chapter
C1 [Pfeiffer, Caryl] Wittenberg Univ, Springfield, OH 45501 USA.
[Pfeiffer, Caryl] Ohio State Univ, Sch Nat Resources Emphasis Econ & Energy Dev, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Pfeiffer, Caryl] Louisville Gas & Elect, Environm Affairs, Louisville, KY USA.
[Pfeiffer, Caryl] US EPA, FACA Subcomm Ozone Particulate Matter & Reg Haze, Washington, DC USA.
RP Pfeiffer, C (reprint author), Wittenberg Univ, Springfield, OH 45501 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
PI CAMBRIDGE
PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND
BN 978-0-521-86845-7
PY 2008
BP 151
EP 165
PG 15
WC Business; Management
SC Business & Economics
GA BAT50
UT WOS:000305473800010
ER
PT S
AU Russo, RC
Rashleigh, B
Ambrose, RB
AF Russo, Rosemarie C.
Rashleigh, Brenda
Ambrose, Robert B.
BE Gonenc, IE
Vadineanu, A
Wolflin, JP
Russo, RC
TI Watershed management in the United States
SO SUSTAINABLE USE AND DEVELOPMENT OF WATERSHEDS
SE NATO Science for Peace and Security Series C-Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Sustainable Use and Development of Watersheds for Human
Security and Peace
CY OCT 22-26, 2007
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP NATO SPS (NFA)
DE watershed management framework; water quality laws; water quality
databases; watershed models; watershed restoration
ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; DAILY LOAD DEVELOPMENT; NEUSE RIVER ESTUARY; MISSISSIPPI
RIVER; HYPOXIA; MODEL; ECOLOGY
AB A watershed approach provides an effective framework for dealing with water resources challenges. Watersheds provide drinking water, recreation, and ecological habitat, as well as a place for waste disposal, a source of industrial cooling water, and navigable inland water transport. Consequently, much depends on the health of watersheds. Watersheds are threatened by wastewater and nonpoint source runoff that load surface waters with excess organic matter, nutrients, pathogens, solids, and toxic substances. Physical alterations, such as paving and stream channelization, change both the hydrologic regime and habitat. Estuaries are of particular importance, since they have great economic, ecological, recreational, and aesthetic value. An approach to the protection, management, and restoration of these water resources in the United States, and the respective roles of federal, state, and local governments, as well as the private sector and volunteer groups, is discussed. Protecting and sustaining watersheds requires that water resource goals be prioritized within a coordinating framework.
C1 [Russo, Rosemarie C.] US EPA, Georgia Oklahoma Ctr, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
[Rashleigh, Brenda; Ambrose, Robert B.] U S Environm Protect Agcy, Ecosys Res Div, Athens, GA USA.
RP Russo, RC (reprint author), US EPA, Georgia Oklahoma Ctr, Washington, DC 20004 USA.
EM russo@charter.net; Rashleigh.brenda@epa.gov
NR 38
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8556-7
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
JI NATO Sci. Peace Secur. Ser. C- Environ. Secur.
PY 2008
BP 173
EP +
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8558-1_11
PG 4
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Management; Planning & Development;
Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering; Business & Economics;
Public Administration; Water Resources
GA BIB35
UT WOS:000258124000011
ER
PT S
AU Rashleigh, B
AF Rashleigh, Brenda
BE Gonenc, IE
Vadineanu, A
Wolflin, JP
Russo, RC
TI The role of ecological endpoints in watershed management
SO SUSTAINABLE USE AND DEVELOPMENT OF WATERSHEDS
SE Nato Science for Peace and Security Series C - Environmental Security
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Sustainable Use and Development of Watersheds for Human
Security and Peace
CY OCT 22-26, 2007
CL Istanbul, TURKEY
SP NATO SPS (NFA)
DE mulitmetric; multivariate; ecological endpoints; assessment
ID INTEGRITY B-IBI; UNITED-STATES; MACROINVERTEBRATE FAUNA; FISH; RIVERS;
INDEX; RESTORATION; QUALITY; MODELS; FRAMEWORK
AB Landscape change and pollution in watersheds affect ecological endpoints in receiving water bodies. Therefore, these endpoints are useful in watershed management. Fish and benthic macroinvertebrates are often used as endpoints, since they are easily measured in the field and integrate over time and stressors. A range of approaches are used to incorporate ecological endpoints into watershed management. A common approach is the use of metrics, such as species diversity and the presence of rare or unique species; metrics are also combined into multimetric indices. Multivariate analyses are used to relate endpoints to landscape characteristics. Detailed ecological models can be used to represent effects of multiple stressors and predict the response to ecological endpoints to future conditions and alternative management scenarios. Ecological endpoints are currently used to assess or classify sites or water bodies, to identify impaired sites and waters, support water quality permits or enforcement, identify areas for conservation, or to set restoration goals or monitor progress. In the future, it is likely that ecological endpoints will be incorporated with aspects of water quality and economic valuation to create sophisticated decision support tools for watersheds.
C1 [Rashleigh, Brenda] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
NR 69
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1871-4668
BN 978-1-4020-8556-7
J9 NATO SCI PEACE SECUR
PY 2008
BP 337
EP 348
DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-8558-1_20
PG 12
WC Ecology; Engineering, Environmental; Management; Planning & Development;
Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Engineering; Business & Economics;
Public Administration; Water Resources
GA BIB35
UT WOS:000258124000020
ER
PT S
AU Shamim, MT
Hoffmann, MD
Melendez, J
Ruhman, MA
AF Shamim, Mah T.
Hoffmann, Michael D.
Melendez, Jose
Ruhman, Mohammed A.
BE Gan, J
Spurlock, F
Hendley, P
Weston, DP
TI Ecological Risk Characterization for the Synthetic Pyrethroids
SO SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS
SE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Synthetic Pyrethroids and Surface Water Quality held at the
232nd ACS National Meeting
CY SEP 10-14, 2006
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem
AB In its reevaluation of pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) examines all major routes of exposure. As individual pyrethroids have been reevaluated, a distinct pattern of similarities and differences have emerged among them. The synthetic pyrethroids are characterized not only by similar environmental fate and transport properties, but also by their common toxicity endpoints. This chapter includes a discussion of these trends and provides innovative modeling approaches to estimate the exposure of pyrethroids to aquatic organisms in wastewater and freshwater from use of these pesticides in agricultural and urban environments. Also included is a discussion of potential risks to non-target aquatic and terrestrial organisms.
C1 [Shamim, Mah T.; Hoffmann, Michael D.; Melendez, Jose; Ruhman, Mohammed A.] US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Shamim, MT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, 1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 25
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0097-6156
BN 978-0-8412-7433-4
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 2008
VL 991
BP 257
EP 309
PG 53
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic; Environmental
Sciences; Water Resources
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BLH67
UT WOS:000270195300013
ER
PT S
AU Denton, DL
Moore, MT
Cooper, CM
Wrysinski, J
Williams, WM
Miller, JL
Reece, K
Crane, D
Robins, P
AF Denton, D. L.
Moore, M. T.
Cooper, C. M.
Wrysinski, J.
Williams, W. M.
Miller, J. L.
Reece, K.
Crane, D.
Robins, P.
BE Gan, J
Spurlock, F
Hendley, P
Weston, DP
TI Mitigation of Permethrin in Irrigation Runoff by Vegetated Agricultural
Drainage Ditches in California
SO SYNTHETIC PYRETHROIDS: OCCURRENCE AND BEHAVIOR IN AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
SE ACS Symposium Series
LA English
DT Proceedings Paper
CT Symposium on Synthetic Pyrethroids and Surface Water Quality held at the
232nd ACS National Meeting
CY SEP 10-14, 2006
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Agrochem
ID TOXICITY
AB As organophosphate use has decreased in California, a concomitant increase in their replacement insecticides (pyrethroids) has occurred. Although the probability of off-site movement of pyrethroids is less than their predecessors (organophosphates), transport of pyrethroids to aquatic receiving systems is still a potential threat. To mitigate possible harm, several in-field and edge-of-field management practices have been proposed, including conservation tillage, stiff grass hedges, riparian buffers, and constructed wetlands. By incorporating several individual components of these management practices, vegetated agricultural drainage ditches (VADD) have been proposed as a potential economical and environmentally efficient management practice to mitigate effects of pesticides in irrigation and storm runoff. A field trial was held in Yolo County, California, where three ditches (U-shaped vegetated; V-shaped vegetated; and V-shaped unvegetated) were constructed and amended for 8 h each with a mixture of permethrin and suspended sediment simulating an irrigation runoff event. Spatial and temporal collections of water, sediment, and plant samples were analyzed for cis and trans permethrin concentrations. Because the cis- isomer of permethrin is considered more toxic than the trans- isomer, only cis-permethrin results are reported herein. Cis-permethrin half-lives in water were similar between ditches ranging from 2.4-4.1 h. The differences between half-distances (distance required to reduce initial pesticide concentration by 50%) among the V-shaped vegetated and unvegetated ditches were two times more efficient with vegetation, indicating importance of vegetation in mitigation. Cis-permethrin half-distances ranged from 22 m (V-vegetated) to 50 m (V-unvegetated). These studies are being used to validate a computer simulation model that is being developed to design VADD for site-specific implementation. Utilizing features already present in the agricultural landscape, such as drainage ditches, will provide farmers with an economical alternative that still is protective of the receiving aquatic environment.
C1 [Denton, D. L.] US EPA, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
RP Denton, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 9, Sacramento, CA 95814 USA.
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 SIXTEENTH ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0097-6156
BN 978-0-8412-7433-4
J9 ACS SYM SER
PY 2008
VL 991
BP 417
EP 427
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Organic; Environmental
Sciences; Water Resources
SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA BLH67
UT WOS:000270195300019
ER
PT J
AU Pilgrim, EM
Von Dohlen, CD
AF Pilgrim, Erik M.
Von Dohlen, Carol D.
TI Phylogeny of the Sympetrinae (Odonata : Libellulidae): further evidence
of the homoplasious nature of wing venation
SO SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; RDNA SEQUENCES; COENAGRIONIDAE; ZYGOPTERA;
DAMSELFLIES; PERSPECTIVE; ANISOPTERA; ENALLAGMA; SIGNAL
AB Sympetrinae is the largest subfamily of the diverse dragonfly family Libellulidae. This subfamily, like most libellulid subfamilies, is defined currently by a few wing venation characters, none of which are synapomorphies for the taxon. In this study, we used DNA sequence data from the nuclear locus elongation factor-let and the mitochondrial loci 16S and 12S rRNA, together with 38 wing venation characters, to test the monophyly of the Sympetrinae and several other libellulid subfamilies. No analysis recovered Sympetrinae as monophyletic, partly because of the position of Leucorrhinia (of the subfamily Leucorrhininae) as a strongly supported sister to Sympetrum (of Sympetrinae) in all analyses. The subfamilies Brachydiplactinae, Leucorrhininae, Trameinae and Trithemistinae were also found not to be monophyletic. Libellulinae was the only subfamily supported strongly as monophyletic. Consistency indices and retention indices of wing venation characters used to define various subfamilies were closer to zero than unity, showing that many of these characters were homoplasious, and therefore not useful for a classification scheme within Libellulidae.
C1 [Pilgrim, Erik M.; Von Dohlen, Carol D.] Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Pilgrim, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Mol Ecol Res Branch, 26 Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM pilgrim.erik@epa.gov
NR 34
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 16
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0307-6970
J9 SYST ENTOMOL
JI Syst. Entomol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 33
IS 1
BP 159
EP 174
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3113.2007.00401.x
PG 16
WC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
SC Evolutionary Biology; Entomology
GA 263OZ
UT WOS:000253227700009
ER
PT J
AU Keenan, C
Elmore, S
Franckecarroll, S
Kemp, R
Kerlin, R
Pletcher, J
Rinke, M
Schmidt, P
Taylor, I
Wolf, D
AF Keenan, Charlotte
Elmore, Susan
Franckecarroll, Sabine
Kemp, Ramon
Kerlin, Roy
Pletcher, John
Rinke, Matthias
Schmidt, Peter
Taylor, Ian
Wolf, Douglas
TI STP Working Group for Historical Control Data of Proliferative Rodent
Lesions
SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Keenan, Charlotte] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, King Of Prussia, PA USA.
[Elmore, Susan] NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Franckecarroll, Sabine] US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA.
[Kemp, Ramon] Merck Res Labs, West Point, PA USA.
[Kerlin, Roy] Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Groton, CT USA.
[Pletcher, John] Charles River Labs, Frederick, MD USA.
[Rinke, Matthias] BayerHealthCare AG, Wuppertal, Germany.
[Schmidt, Peter] Pfizer Inc, Kalamazoo, MI USA.
[Wolf, Douglas] US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0192-6233
J9 TOXICOL PATHOL
JI Toxicol. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 1
MA P24
BP 157
EP 157
PG 1
WC Pathology; Toxicology
SC Pathology; Toxicology
GA 463UF
UT WOS:000267456900043
ER
PT J
AU Wyde, ME
Bordelon, NR
Mann, J
Hill, G
Painter, JT
Yoshizawa, K
Hebert, CD
Bucher, JR
Nyska, A
AF Wyde, Michael E.
Bordelon, Nancy R.
Mann, Jill
Hill, Georgette
Painter, J. Todd
Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko
Hebert, Charles D.
Bucher, John R.
Nyska, Abraham
TI Subchronic Administration of Indole-3-Carbinol in B6C3F1 Mice and
Fischer 344 Rats Is Associated with Increased Hepatic CYP 1A1 and 1A2
Activities, but without Liver Toxicity
SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Wyde, Michael E.; Bucher, John R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Hill, Georgette] ILS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Painter, J. Todd] EPL, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Yoshizawa, Katsuhiko] Astellas Pharma Inc, Osaka, Japan.
[Nyska, Abraham] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0192-6233
J9 TOXICOL PATHOL
JI Toxicol. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 1
MA P57
BP 168
EP 168
PG 1
WC Pathology; Toxicology
SC Pathology; Toxicology
GA 463UF
UT WOS:000267456900076
ER
PT J
AU Flagler, N
Ney, E
Johnson, K
Malarkey, D
AF Flagler, Norris
Ney, Eli
Johnson, Kennita
Malarkey, David
TI Comparison of Current Technologies for Capturing Photomicrographs for
Journal Submission
SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Flagler, Norris; Ney, Eli; Johnson, Kennita; Malarkey, David] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0192-6233
J9 TOXICOL PATHOL
JI Toxicol. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 1
MA P65
BP 171
EP 171
PG 1
WC Pathology; Toxicology
SC Pathology; Toxicology
GA 463UF
UT WOS:000267456900084
ER
PT J
AU Flagler, N
Ney, E
Mahler, B
Malarkey, D
AF Flagler, Norris
Ney, Eli
Mahler, Beth
Malarkey, David
TI Publication Images: To Adjust or Not to Adjust
SO TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Flagler, Norris; Ney, Eli; Malarkey, David] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Mahler, Beth] Expt Pathol Labs Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0192-6233
J9 TOXICOL PATHOL
JI Toxicol. Pathol.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 36
IS 1
MA P74
BP 174
EP 174
PG 1
WC Pathology; Toxicology
SC Pathology; Toxicology
GA 463UF
UT WOS:000267456900093
ER
PT J
AU Richard, AM
Yang, C
Judson, RS
AF Richard, Ann M.
Yang, Chihae
Judson, Richard S.
TI Toxicity data informatics: Supporting a new paradigm for toxicity
prediction
SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
LA English
DT Review
DE ACToR; data models; DSSTox; predictive toxicology; SAR;
structure-activity-relationships; toxicoinformatics; ToxML
ID NATIONAL-TOXICOLOGY-PROGRAM; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; RODENT
CARCINOGENICITY; RELATIONSHIP MODELS; CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE
AB Chemical toxicity data at all levels of description, from treatment-level dose response data to a high-level summarized toxicity "endpoint," effectively circumscribe, enable, and limit predictive toxicology approaches and capabilities. Several new and evolving public data initiatives focused on the world of chemical toxicity information - as represented here by ToxML (Toxicology XML standard), DSSTox (Distributed Structure-Searchable Toxicity Database Network), and ACToR (Aggregated Computational Toxicology Resource) - are contributing to the creation of a more unified, mineable, and modelable landscape of public toxicity data. These projects address different layers in the spectrum of toxicological data representation and detail and, additionally, span diverse domains of toxicology and chemistry in relation to industry and environmental regulatory concerns. For each of the three projects, data standards are the key to enabling "read-across" in relation to toxicity data and chemical-indexed information. In turn, "read-across" capability enables flexible data mining, as well as meaningful aggregation of lower levels of toxicity information to summarized, modelable endpoints spanning sufficient areas of chemical space for building predictive models. By means of shared data standards and transparent and flexible rules for data aggregation, these and related public data initiatives are effectively spanning the divides among experimental toxicologists, computational modelers, and the world of chemically indexed, publicly available toxicity information.
C1 [Richard, Ann M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Yang, Chihae] Leadscope Inc, Columbus, OH 43235 USA.
[Judson, Richard S.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Richard, AM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
OI Judson, Richard/0000-0002-2348-9633
NR 57
TC 43
Z9 43
U1 2
U2 11
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1537-6524
J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD
JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 2-3
BP 103
EP 118
DI 10.1080/15376510701857452
PG 16
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 279ZW
UT WOS:000254395700003
PM 20020908
ER
PT J
AU Martin, TM
Harten, P
Venkatapathy, R
Das, S
Young, DM
AF Martin, Todd M.
Harten, Paul
Venkatapathy, Raghuraman
Das, Shashikala
Young, Douglas M.
TI A hierarchical clustering methodology for the estimation of toxicity
SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR); hierarchical
clustering; genetic algorithm; computational toxicology
ID MINNOW PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; STRUCTURE-PROPERTY RELATIONSHIP; FATHEAD
MINNOW; TETRAHYMENA-PYRIFORMIS; QUANTITATIVE STRUCTURE; QSAR APPROACH;
ELECTROTOPOLOGICAL STATE; HETEROAROMATIC AMINES; MOLECULAR DESCRIPTORS;
ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS
AB A quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) methodology based on hierarchical clustering was developed to predict toxicological endpoints. This methodology utilizes Ward's method to divide a training set into a series of structurally similar clusters. The structural similarity is defined in terms of 2-D physicochemical descriptors (such as connectivity and E-state indices). A genetic algorithm-based technique is used to generate statistically valid QSAR models for each cluster (using the pool of descriptors described above). The toxicity for a given query compound is estimated using the weighted average of the predictions from the closest cluster from each step in the hierarchical clustering assuming that the compound is within the domain of applicability of the cluster. The hierarchical clustering methodology was tested using a Tetrahymena pyriformis acute toxicity data set containing 644 chemicals in the training set and with two prediction sets containing 339 and 110 chemicals. The results from the hierarchical clustering methodology were compared to the results from several different QSAR methodologies.
C1 [Martin, Todd M.; Harten, Paul; Young, Douglas M.] US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Venkatapathy, Raghuraman; Das, Shashikala] Pegasus Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Martin, TM (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, 26W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM martin.todd@epa.gov
NR 60
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 1
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1537-6524
J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD
JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 2-3
BP 251
EP 266
DI 10.1080/15376510701857353
PG 16
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 279ZW
UT WOS:000254395700014
PM 20020919
ER
PT J
AU Yang, C
Hasselgren, CH
Boyer, S
Arvidson, K
Aveston, S
Dierkes, P
Benigni, R
Benz, RD
Contrera, J
Kruhlak, NL
Matthews, EJ
Han, X
Jaworska, J
Kemper, RA
Rathman, JF
Richard, AM
AF Yang, C.
Hasselgren, C. H.
Boyer, S.
Arvidson, K.
Aveston, S.
Dierkes, P.
Benigni, R.
Benz, R. D.
Contrera, J.
Kruhlak, N. L.
Matthews, E. J.
Han, X.
Jaworska, J.
Kemper, R. A.
Rathman, J. F.
Richard, A. M.
TI Understanding genetic toxicity through data mining: The process of
building knowledge by integrating multiple genetic toxicity databases
SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE genetic toxicity; Databases; ToxML; SAR; QSAR; structural alerts
ID IN-VITRO; POTENTIAL CARCINOGENICITY; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY;
MUTAGENICITY; CHEMICALS; IDENTIFICATION; TOXICOLOGY; SOFTWARE; ASSAY
AB Genetic toxicity data from various sources were integrated into a rigorously designed database using the ToxML schema. The public database sources include the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) submission data from approved new drug applications, food contact notifications, generally recognized as safe food ingredients, and chemicals from the NTP and CCRIS databases. The data from public sources were then combined with data from private industry according to ToxML criteria. The resulting "integrated" database, enriched in pharmaceuticals, was used for data mining analysis. Structural features describing the database were used to differentiate the chemical spaces of drugs/candidates, food ingredients, and industrial chemicals. In general, structures for drugs/candidates and food ingredients are associated with lower frequencies of mutagenicity and clastogenicity, whereas industrial chemicals as a group contain a much higher proportion of positives. Structural features were selected to analyze endpoint outcomes of the genetic toxicity studies. Although most of the well-known genotoxic carcinogenic alerts were identified, some discrepancies from the classic Ashby-Tennant alerts were observed. Using these influential features as the independent variables, the results of four types of genotoxicity studies were correlated. High Pearson correlations were found between the results of Salmonella mutagenicity and mouse lymphoma assay testing as well as those from in vitro chromosome aberration studies. This paper demonstrates the usefulness of representing a chemical by its structural features and the use of these features to profile a battery of tests rather than relying on a single toxicity test of a given chemical. This paper presents data mining/profiling methods applied in a weight-of-evidence approach to assess potential for genetic toxicity, and to guide the development of intelligent testing strategies.
C1 [Yang, C.] Leadscope Inc, Columbus, OH 43215 USA.
[Hasselgren, C. H.; Boyer, S.] AstraZeneca R&D, Molndal 43183, Sweden.
[Arvidson, K.] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, Off Food Addit Safety, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.
[Aveston, S.; Dierkes, P.] Unilever Safety & Environm Assurance Ctr, Sharnbrook MK44 1LQ, Beds, England.
[Benigni, R.] Ist Super Sanita, Environm & Hlth Dept, I-00161 Rome, Italy.
[Benz, R. D.; Contrera, J.; Kruhlak, N. L.; Matthews, E. J.] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Off Pharmaceut Sci, Informat & Computat Safety Anal Staff, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
[Han, X.] DuPont Haskell Global Ctr Hlth & Environm Sci, Newark, DE 19714 USA.
[Jaworska, J.] Procter & Gramble, Cent Prod Safety, Strombeek Bever, Bever, Belgium.
[Kemper, R. A.] Boehringer Ingelheim Pharmaceut Inc, Ridgefield, CT 06877 USA.
[Rathman, J. F.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
[Richard, A. M.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Yang, C (reprint author), 1393 Dublin Rd, Columbus, OH 43215 USA.
EM cyang@leadscope.com
RI Dierkes, Peter/G-1461-2010
NR 33
TC 27
Z9 27
U1 2
U2 8
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1537-6524
J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD
JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 2-3
BP 277
EP 295
DI 10.1080/15376510701857502
PG 19
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 279ZW
UT WOS:000254395700016
PM 20020921
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, JW
Hoffman, AD
Fitzsimmons, PN
Lien, GJ
AF Nichols, John W.
Hoffman, Alex D.
Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.
Lien, Gregory J.
TI Quantification of phenol, phenyl glucuronide, and phenyl sulfate in
blood of unanesthetized rainbow trout by online microdialysis sampling
SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE microdialysis; phenol; phenyl glucuronide; phenyl sulfate; rainbow
trout; blood sampling; fish; kinetics; microdialysis; phenol; phenyl
glucuronide; phenyl sulfate; rainbow trout
ID IN-VIVO MICRODIALYSIS; QUANTITATIVE MICRODIALYSIS; ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS;
METABOLITES; CALIBRATION; VITRO; RETRODIALYSIS; EFFICIENCY; INVIVO;
PROBE
AB Free concentrations of phenol (PH), phenyl glucuronide (PG), and phenyl sulfate (PS) were measured in the bloodstream of unanesthetized rainbow trout by online microdialysis (MD) sampling. Preliminary studies were conducted to optimize the MD system and evaluate three retrodialysis calibration standards: p-nitrophenyl glucuronide (PNPG), p-nitrophenyl sulfate (PNPS), and [C-14]-phenol (C-14-PH). PG and PNPG exhibited nearly identical dialyzing properties in vitro (saline and plasma) and in vivo (muscle tissue and dorsal aorta). A similar result was obtained for PS and PNPS. In vivo studies were therefore performed using PNPG, PNPS, and C-14-PH as retrodialysis calibrators for PG, PS, and PH, respectively. The utility of MD sampling for kinetic studies with fish was investigated by implanting MD probes into the dorsal aorta of spinally transected rainbow trout. Each fish was then exposed to PH in water in a respirometer-metabolism chamber. The free concentration of PH in blood reached a steady-state level within 12 h of initiating the exposure. A steady state for PS was generally established within 24 h, while free concentrations of PG tended to increase throughout the exposure. Terminal plasma samples were dialyzed using the same probe employed in each experiment. Analyte concentrations determined in this manner were in good agreement with calculated in vivo values. The methods described in this study can be used to collect kinetic data sets of high temporal resolution while eliminating artifacts often associated with conventional blood sampling methods.
C1 [Nichols, John W.; Hoffman, Alex D.; Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.; Lien, Gregory J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Nichols, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM nichols.john@epa.gov
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1537-6524
J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD
JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods
PY 2008
VL 18
IS 5
BP 405
EP 412
DI 10.1080/15376510701511935
PG 8
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 317OK
UT WOS:000257029300003
PM 20020864
ER
PT J
AU Meador, MR
Whittier, TR
Goldstein, RM
Hughes, RM
Peck, DV
AF Meador, Michael R.
Whittier, Thomas R.
Goldstein, Robert M.
Hughes, Robert M.
Peck, David V.
TI Evaluation of an index of biotic integrity approach used to assess
biological condition in western US streams and rivers at varying spatial
scales
SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY
LA English
DT Article
ID FISH COMMUNITY STRUCTURE; UNITED-STATES; LAND-USE; WISCONSIN STREAMS;
SPECIES TRAITS; WATER-QUALITY; ASSEMBLAGES; OREGON; VALUES; IBI
AB Consistent assessments of biological condition are needed across multiple ecoregions to provide a greater understanding of the spatial extent of environmental degradation. However, consistent assessments at large geographic scales are often hampered by lack of uniformity in data collection, analyses, and interpretation. The index of biotic integrity (IBI) has been widely used in eastern and central North America, where fish assemblages are complex and largely composed of native species, but IBI development has been hindered in the western United States because of relatively low fish species richness and greater relative abundance of alien fishes. Approaches to developing IBIs rarely provide a consistent means of assessing biological condition across multiple ecoregions. We conducted an evaluation of IBIs recently proposed for three ecoregions of the western United States using an independent data set covering a large geographic scale. We standardized the regional IBIs and developed biological condition criteria, assessed the responsiveness of IBIs to basin-level land uses, and assessed their precision and concordance with basin-scale IBIs. Standardized IBI scores from 318 sites in the western United States comprising mountain, plains, and xeric ecoregions were significantly related to combined urban and agricultural land uses. Standard deviations and coefficients of variation revealed relatively low variation in IBI scores based on multiple sampling reaches at sites. A relatively high degree of corroboration with independent, locally developed IBIs indicates that the regional IBIs are robust across large geographic scales, providing precise and accurate assessments of biological condition for western U.S. streams.
C1 [Meador, Michael R.] US Geol Survey, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
[Whittier, Thomas R.; Goldstein, Robert M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Goldstein, Robert M.] US Geol Survey, Augusta, ME 04330 USA.
[Peck, David V.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Meador, MR (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 12201 Sunrise Valley Dr,Mail Stop 413, Reston, VA 20192 USA.
EM mrmeador@usgs.gov
NR 68
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 15
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 0002-8487
J9 T AM FISH SOC
JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 137
IS 1
BP 13
EP 22
DI 10.1577/T07-054.1
PG 10
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 274YV
UT WOS:000254039600002
ER
PT J
AU Lai, E
Lundie, S
Ashbolt, NJ
AF Lai, E.
Lundie, S.
Ashbolt, N. J.
TI Review of multi-criteria decision aid for integrated sustainability
assessment of urban water systems
SO URBAN WATER JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE multi-criteria decision aid; integrated framework; decision making;
shortcomings; sustainability assessment; urban water
ID MULTIPLE CRITERIA ANALYSIS; RESOURCES MANAGEMENT; SUPPORT; FRAMEWORK;
INDEPENDENCE; ISSUES; JORDAN; MCDA
AB Integrated sustainability assessment is part of a new paradigm for urban water decision making. Multi-criteria decision aid (MCDA) is an integrative framework used in urban water sustainability assessment, which has a particular focus on utilising stakeholder participation. Here MCDA is reviewed in the context of urban water management used in a decision making framework. Three other commonly used integrated approaches in urban water management (cost-benefit analysis, triple bottom line and integrated assessment) are compared with MCDA. Generic types of shortcomings associated with MCDA are discussed to provide an understanding of MCDA's limitation in urban water management decision making; including 1) preferential independency, 2) double counting and under-counting, and 3) transparency of MCDA methods and results.
C1 [Lai, E.; Lundie, S.; Ashbolt, N. J.] Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ctr Water & Waste Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
[Ashbolt, N. J.] US EPA, NERL, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Lai, E (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Ctr Water & Waste Technol, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
EM elai@civeng.unsw.edu.au
FU Australian Research Council (ARC); Water Services Association of
Australia (WSAA); Total Environmental Centre (TEC)
FX The authors wish to thank the following funding agencies that supported
this paper: Australian Research Council (ARC) linkage grant with the
Water Services Association of Australia (WSAA) and the Total
Environmental Centre (TEC). This paper has been subjected to the U. S.
Environmental Protection Agency review, but does not necessarily reflect
the views of the Agency nor should official endorsement be inferred.
NR 106
TC 28
Z9 28
U1 4
U2 21
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1573-062X
EI 1744-9006
J9 URBAN WATER J
JI Urban Water J.
PY 2008
VL 5
IS 4
BP 315
EP 327
DI 10.1080/15730620802041038
PG 13
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 394HS
UT WOS:000262437700004
ER
PT J
AU Mearns, AJ
Reish, DJR
Oshida, PS
Buchman, M
Ginn, T
Donnelly, R
AF Mearns, Alan J.
Reish, Donald J.
Oshida, Philip S.
Buchman, Michael
Ginn, Thomas
Donnelly, Robert
TI Effects of Pollution on Marine Organisms
SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; PRESTIGE OIL-SPILL; EXXON-VALDEZ OIL;
POLYCHAETE HYDROIDS-ELEGANS; SEDIMENT TOXICITY TESTS;
PRINCE-WILLIAM-SOUND; SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; NORTHWESTERN HAWAIIAN-ISLANDS;
COPEPOD CALANUS-FINMARCHICUS; ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT
C1 [Mearns, Alan J.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Emergency Response Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Reish, Donald J.] Calif State Univ Long Beach, Dept Biol Sci, Long Beach, CA 90840 USA.
[Oshida, Philip S.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Buchman, Michael] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Assessment & Restorat Div, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
[Ginn, Thomas] Exponent Inc, Sedona, AZ USA.
[Donnelly, Robert] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
RP Mearns, AJ (reprint author), Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Emergency Response Div, 7600 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98115 USA.
EM alan.mearns@noaa.gov
NR 283
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 25
PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA
SN 1061-4303
J9 WATER ENVIRON RES
JI Water Environ. Res.
PY 2008
VL 80
IS 10
BP 1918
EP 1979
DI 10.2175/106143008X328860
PG 62
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater
Biology; Water Resources
GA 375QM
UT WOS:000261128400036
ER
PT J
AU Morgan, C
Wolverton, A
AF Morgan, Cynthia
Wolverton, Ann
TI Water quality trading in the United States: trading programs and
one-time offset agreements
SO WATER POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE market-based trading; non-point source pollution; offset initiatives;
water quality
AB This paper provides a systematic overview of water quality trading programs and one-time offset agreements in the USA. The primary source of information for this overview is a detailed database, collected and compiled by a team of researchers at Dartmouth College. Details discussed include: sources of the pollutant, types of pollutants traded, legal liability, main regulatory drivers, market structure, trading ratios, transaction and administrative costs and difficulties encountered in trading. We find that trading has often been explored as a way to meet more stringent discharge limits or watershed-wide caps. The most common type of trading program in the United States is between point sources and non-point sources. Point sources are usually held liable for non-point source reductions. The pollutants most commonly traded in the USA are nutrients such as phosphorus and nitrogen and almost all offset and trading programs focus on one pollutant only. However, market structures, trading ratios and other details of the trading framework vary widely among programs. No single characteristic appears to be a good predictor of a successful trading program.
C1 [Morgan, Cynthia; Wolverton, Ann] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Morgan, C (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, 1200 Penn Av,NW,MC 1809T, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM morgan.cynthia@epa.gov
NR 15
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 8
PU I W A PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 1366-7017
J9 WATER POLICY
JI Water Policy
PY 2008
VL 10
IS 1
BP 73
EP 93
DI 10.2166/wp.2007.028
PG 21
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 253AS
UT WOS:000252490800005
ER
PT J
AU Chen, WR
Wu, C
Elovitz, MS
Linden, KG
Suffet, IHM
AF Chen, Wei R.
Wu, Chanylong
Elovitz, Michael S.
Linden, Karl G.
Suffet, I. H. Mel
TI Reactions of thiocarbamate, triazine and urea herbicides, RDX and
benzenes on EPA Contaminant Candidate List with ozone and with hydroxyl
radicals
SO WATER RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE rate constants; direct ozone reactions; indirect CH radical reactions;
ozonation; ozone/hydrogen peroxide advanced oxidation process;
Contaminant Candidate List (CCL)
ID NITROAROMATIC HYDROCARBON OZONATION; ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; RATE
CONSTANTS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; WATER; DEGRADATION;
PESTICIDES; PRODUCTS; ATRAZINE
AB Second-order rate constants of the direct ozone reactions (k(O3).(M)) and the indirect OH radical reactions (k(OH,M)) for nine chemicals on the US EPA's Drinking Water Contaminant Candidate List (CCL) were studied during the ozonation and ozone/hydrogen peroxide advanced oxidation process (O-3/H2O2 AOP) using batch reactors. Except for the thiocarbamate herbicides (molinate and EPTC), all other CCL chemicals (linuron, diuron, prometon, RDX, 2,4-dinitrotoluene, 2,6-dinitrotoluene and nitrobenzene) show low reactivity toward ozone. The general magnitude of ozone reactivity of the CCL chemicals can be explained by their structures and the electrophilic nature of ozone reactions. The CCL chemicals (except RDX) are highly reactive toward OH radicals as demonstrated by their high kOH,M values. Ozonation at low pH, which involves mainly the direct ozone reaction, is only efficient for the removal of the thiocarbamates. Ozonation at high pH and O-3/H2O2 AOP will be highly efficient for the treatment of all chemicals in this study except RDX, which shows the lowest OH radical reactivity. Removal of a contaminant does not mean complete mineralization and reaction byproducts may be a problem if they are recalcitrant and are likely to cause health concerns. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Chen, Wei R.; Suffet, I. H. Mel] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
[Wu, Chanylong; Linden, Karl G.] Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Elovitz, Michael S.] US EPA, Water Supply & Water Resources Div, Treatment Technol & Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Elovitz, Michael S.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Environm Sci & Engn Program, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
RP Chen, WR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM rwei2005@yahoo.com; msuffet@ucla.edu
OI Linden, Karl G./0000-0003-4301-7227
NR 23
TC 23
Z9 28
U1 0
U2 30
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0043-1354
J9 WATER RES
JI Water Res.
PD JAN
PY 2008
VL 42
IS 1-2
BP 137
EP 144
DI 10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.037
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 260YI
UT WOS:000253045900012
PM 17719074
ER
PT J
AU Surampalli, RY
Lai, KCK
Banerji, SK
Smith, J
Tyagi, RD
Lohani, BN
AF Surampalli, R. Y.
Lai, K. C. K.
Banerji, S. K.
Smith, J.
Tyagi, R. D.
Lohani, B. N.
TI Long-term land application of biosolids - a case study
SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biosolids; groundwater; heavy metals; land application;
nitrate-nitrogen; soil
ID SEWAGE SLUDGE; MOVEMENT
AB Impact of long-term land application of biosolids on groundwater and soil quality of an application site, which had been operated for 8-15 years, was evaluated in this study. During and after the biosolids application, biosolids- amended soil, groundwater, and background soil samples were collected mainly for pathogen, nitrogen, phosphorus, and heavy metal analyses. Soil test data showed that there was no heavy metal accumulation in the biosolids-amended soil even after 10 years of biosolids application. Similar results were also observed from the groundwater samples in which the heavy metal concentrations in all groundwater samples were well below the maximum contamination levels of the drinking water standards. In addition, bacteriological levels of the soil and groundwater samples were close to the background level and below the permissible limits, respectively, thereby showing no pathogen contamination. However, nitrate-nitrogen contamination of the groundwater was occasionally observed probably due to an excess loading of the biosolids in the past. This problem can be alleviated by applying biosolids at agronomic rates so that no excess nitrogen is available for leaching down to the groundwater.
C1 [Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
[Lai, K. C. K.] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA.
[Banerji, S. K.] Univ Missouri, Dept Civil Engn, Columbia, MO USA.
[Smith, J.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Ste Foy, PQ G1V 2M3, Canada.
[Lohani, B. N.] Asian Dev Bank, Manila, Philippines.
RP Surampalli, RY (reprint author), US EPA, POB 17-2141, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
EM Surampalli.Rao@epamail.epa.gov; chun.lai@engr.utexas.edu;
BanerjiS@missouri.edu; tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 17
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 10
PU I W A PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1223
J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL
JI Water Sci. Technol.
PY 2008
VL 57
IS 3
BP 345
EP 352
DI 10.2166/wst.2008.024
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 268KN
UT WOS:000253578800007
PM 18309211
ER
PT J
AU Drouin, M
Lai, CK
Tyagi, RD
Surampalli, RY
AF Drouin, M.
Lai, C. K.
Tyagi, R. D.
Surampalli, R. Y.
TI Bacillus licheniformis proteases as high value added products from
fermentation of wastewater sludge: pre-treatment of sludge to increase
the performance of the process
SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE alkaline protease; bacillus licheniformis; pre-treatment; wastewater
sludge
ID MICROBIAL ALKALINE PROTEASES
AB Wastewater sludge is a complex raw material that can support growth and protease production by Bacillus licheniformis. In this study, sludge was treated by different thermo-alkaline pretreatment methods and subjected to Bacillus licheniformis fermentation in bench scale fermentors under controlled conditions. Thermo-alkaline treatment was found to be an effective pre-treatment process in order to enhance the proteolytic activity. Among the different pre-treated sludges tested, a mixture of raw and hydrolysed sludge caused an increase of 15% in the protease activity, as compared to the untreated sludge. The benefit of hydrolysis has been attributed to a better oxygen transfer due to decrease in media viscosity and to an increase in nutrient availability. Foam formation was a major concern during fermentation with hydrolysed sludge. The studies showed that addition of a chemical anti-foaming agent ( polypropylene glycol) during fermentation to control foam could negatively influence the protease production by increasing the viscosity of sludge.
C1 [Drouin, M.; Lai, C. K.; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
[Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
RP Drouin, M (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Inst Natl Rech Sci, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM mathieu.drouin@ete.inrs.ca; tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 17
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 3
U2 8
PU I W A PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1223
J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL
JI Water Sci. Technol.
PY 2008
VL 57
IS 3
BP 423
EP 429
DI 10.2166/wst.2008.007
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 268KN
UT WOS:000253578800018
PM 18309222
ER
PT J
AU Yan, S
Subramanian, SB
Tyagi, RD
Surampalli, RY
AF Yan, S.
Subramanian, S. Bala
Tyagi, R. D.
Surampalli, R. Y.
TI Polymer production by bacterial strains isolated from activated sludge
treating municipal wastewater
SO WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE activated sludge; biodegradable plastics; isolation;
polyhydroxyalkanoates ( PHAs); storage polymer
ID MIXED MICROBIAL CULTURES; BETA-HYDROXYBUTYRATE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
POLY(3-HYDROXYBUTYRATE); POLYHYDROXYALKANOATES; PH
AB Polyhydroxyalkanoates ( PHAs) accumulating bacteria were isolated from activated sludge samples collected from municipal wastewater treatment plants in Quebec. Twelve bacterial strains were screened for PHA production with acetate as sole carbon source. PHA granules exhibited a strong orange fluorescence when stained with Nile blue A observed under microscope ( X100x). PHA was also analyzed by Gas Chromatography Linked to Mass Spectroscopy ( GCMS) to further confirm the presence and the concentration of PHA. To compare the abilities of these PHA accumulating bacterial strains, synthetic media with acetate as carbon source was prepared to accumulate PHA in 500mL Erlenmeyer flask containing 150 of the medium. These flasks were then inoculated with the isolated bacterial strains, incubated at 25 degrees C for 48 hours in a rotary shaker at 220 rpm. The results showed that the bacterial strains isolated from sludge possess different abilities for accumulating PHA. The maximum PHA content of 27.50% was obtained by strain PHA- SB3. The PHB/ PHV ratio of the copolymer produced in the study changed in accordance with operating time and strains.
C1 [Yan, S.; Subramanian, S. Bala; Tyagi, R. D.] Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
[Surampalli, R. Y.] US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
RP Yan, S (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, 490 de la Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
OI Sellamuthu, Balassubramanian/0000-0002-7018-6854
NR 13
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 2
U2 10
PU I W A PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 0273-1223
J9 WATER SCI TECHNOL
JI Water Sci. Technol.
PY 2008
VL 57
IS 4
BP 533
EP 539
DI 10.2166/wst.2008.029
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 281WQ
UT WOS:000254530000011
PM 18359992
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, JE
Marcovich, D
AF Rogers, John E.
Marcovich, Dragoslav
TI A simple method for the extraction and quantification of photopigments
from Symbiodinium spp.
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Symbiodinium; photopigments; methanol extraction; coral
ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; MARINE-PHYTOPLANKTON; CHLOROPHYLLS;
CAROTENOIDS
AB We have developed a simple, mild extraction procedure using methanol which, when coupled with HPLC analysis and diode array detection (DAD), can be used to quantify the major photopigments found in cultured Symbiodinium spp. Extracts were prepared by suspending, fresh or frozen (-70 degrees C), wet cell pellets in methanol and sonicating or not sonicating the cell suspensions before soaking the cells for 2 h in an ice bath. To assist the soaking process, cell suspensions were vortex mixed at 30 min intervals. After soaking, 0.5 M ammonium acetate buffer was added (1 part buffer to 9 parts methanol) before suspensions were stored over night at -20 degrees C. Greater than 92% the recoverable pigment was obtained in the initial extraction of the four major photopigments, chlorophyll c, peridinin, diadinoxanthin, and chlorophyll a. Neither sonication nor freezing substantially increased the recovery of photopigments extracted with methanol. Extraction by other commonly used solvents such as acetone or acetone:water with or without freezing and sonication were less effective. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Rogers, John E.; Marcovich, Dragoslav] US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
RP Rogers, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
EM Rogers.johne@epa.gov
NR 23
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 18
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD DEC 28
PY 2007
VL 353
IS 2
BP 191
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2007.08.022
PG 7
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 247IG
UT WOS:000252071200005
ER
PT J
AU Szmigielski, R
Surratt, JD
Gomez-Gonzalez, Y
Van der Veken, P
Kourtchev, I
Vermeylen, R
Blockhuys, F
Jaoui, M
Kleindienst, TE
Lewandowski, M
Offenberg, JH
Edney, EO
Seinfeld, JH
Maenhaut, W
Claeys, M
AF Szmigielski, Rafal
Surratt, Jason D.
Gomez-Gonzalez, Yadian
Van der Veken, Pieter
Kourtchev, Ivan
Vermeylen, Reinhilde
Blockhuys, Frank
Jaoui, Mohammed
Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.
Lewandowski, Michael
Offenberg, John H.
Edney, Edward O.
Seinfeld, John H.
Maenhaut, Willy
Claeys, Magda
TI 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid: An atmospheric tracer for
terpene secondary organic aerosol
SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICULATE PRODUCTS; ALPHA-PINENE; OXIDATION; MONOTERPENES;
PHOTOOXIDATION; FOREST; ISOPRENE; YIELDS; PM2.5; NOX
AB Highly oxygenated compounds assigned to be oxidation products of alpha-pinene have recently been observed in substantial concentrations in ambient aerosols. Here, we confirm the unknown alpha- pinene tracer compound with molecular weight (MW) 204 as the C-8-tricarboxylic acid 3-methyl-1,2,3-butanetricarboxylic acid. Its gas and liquid chromatographic behaviors and its mass spectral characteristics in electron ionization and negative ion electrospray ionization perfectly agree with those of a synthesized reference compound. The formation of this compound is explained by further reaction of cis-pinonic acid involving participation of the OH radical. This study illustrates that complex, multi-generation chemistry holds for the photooxidation of alpha-pinene in the presence of NOx.
C1 [Szmigielski, Rafal; Gomez-Gonzalez, Yadian; Van der Veken, Pieter; Kourtchev, Ivan; Vermeylen, Reinhilde; Claeys, Magda] Univ Antwerp, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
[Surratt, Jason D.] CALTECH, Dept Chem, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Blockhuys, Frank] Univ Antwerp, Dept Chem, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
[Jaoui, Mohammed] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.; Lewandowski, Michael; Offenberg, John H.; Edney, Edward O.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Chem Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Seinfeld, John H.] CALTECH, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA.
[Maenhaut, Willy] Univ Ghent, Inst Nucl Sci, Analyt Chem Lab, BE-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
RP Szmigielski, R (reprint author), Univ Antwerp, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, BE-2610 Antwerp, Belgium.
EM magda.claeys@ua.ac.be
RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Surratt, Jason/D-3611-2009; Maenhaut,
Willy/M-3091-2013; Van der Veken, Pieter/P-5819-2016
OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Surratt, Jason/0000-0002-6833-1450;
Maenhaut, Willy/0000-0002-4715-4627; Van der Veken,
Pieter/0000-0003-1208-3571
NR 23
TC 113
Z9 117
U1 10
U2 76
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0094-8276
EI 1944-8007
J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT
JI Geophys. Res. Lett.
PD DEC 27
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 24
AR L24811
DI 10.1029/2007GL031338
PG 6
WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
SC Geology
GA 246NE
UT WOS:000252012900001
ER
PT J
AU Sunderland, EM
Mason, RP
AF Sunderland, Elsie M.
Mason, Robert P.
TI Human impacts on open ocean mercury concentrations
SO GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEMICAL CYCLES
LA English
DT Article
ID EQUATORIAL PACIFIC-OCEAN; MARINE BOUNDARY-LAYER; AIR-SEA EXCHANGE;
MEDITERRANEAN SEA; ATLANTIC-OCEAN; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; ELEMENTAL
MERCURY; NORTH-ATLANTIC; ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES; ORGANIC-CARBON
AB [1] We develop an empirically constrained multicompartment box model for mercury cycling in open ocean regions to investigate changes in concentrations resulting from anthropogenic perturbations of the global mercury cycle. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we explicitly consider the effects of variability in measured parameters on modeled seawater concentrations. Our simulations show that anthropogenic enrichment in all surface (25%) and deep ocean waters (11%) is lower than global atmospheric enrichment (300 - 500%) and varies considerably among geographic regions, ranging from > 60% in parts of the Atlantic and Mediterranean to < 1% in the deep Pacific. Model results indicate that open ocean mercury concentrations do not rapidly equilibrate with atmospheric deposition and on average will increase if anthropogenic emissions remain at their present level. We estimate the temporal lag between changes in atmospheric deposition and ocean mercury concentrations will vary from decades in most of the Atlantic up to centuries in parts of the Pacific.
C1 [Sunderland, Elsie M.] US EPA Region 1, Boston, MA USA.
[Mason, Robert P.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Marine Sci, Groton, CT 06340 USA.
[Sunderland, Elsie M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Boston, MA USA.
RP Sunderland, EM (reprint author), US EPA Region 1, 1 Congress St, Suite 1100,Mail Code CWQ, Boston, MA USA.
EM sunderland.elsie@epa.gov
RI Sunderland, Elsie/D-5511-2014
OI Sunderland, Elsie/0000-0003-0386-9548
NR 73
TC 116
Z9 119
U1 6
U2 58
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0886-6236
J9 GLOBAL BIOGEOCHEM CY
JI Glob. Biogeochem. Cycle
PD DEC 27
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 4
AR GB4022
DI 10.1029/2006GB002876
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 246NJ
UT WOS:000252013400001
ER
PT J
AU Krahn, JM
Jackson, MR
DeRose, EF
Howell, EE
London, RE
AF Krahn, Joseph M.
Jackson, Michael R.
DeRose, Eugene F.
Howell, Elizabeth E.
London, Robert E.
TI Crystal structure of a type II dihydrofolate reductase catalytic ternary
complex
SO BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBSTRATE-ASSISTED CATALYSIS; HYDRIDE TRANSFER STEP; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
TRANSITION-STATE; LIGAND-BINDING; ACTIVE-SITE; DISSOCIATION-CONSTANTS;
PYRIDINE-NUCLEOTIDES; ENZYME CATALYSIS; R67
AB Type 11 dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) is a plasmid-encoded enzyme that confers resistance to bacterial DHFR-targeted antifolate drugs. It forms a symmetric homotetramer with a central pore which functions as the active site. Its unusual structure, which results in a promiscuous binding surface that accommodates either the dihydrofolate (DHF) substrate or the NADPH cofactor, has constituted a significant limitation to efforts to understand its substrate specificity and reaction mechanism. We describe here the first structure of a ternary R67 DHFR center dot DHF center dot NADP(+) catalytic complex, resolved to 1.26 angstrom. This structure provides the first clear picture of how this enzyme, which lacks the active site carboxyl residue that is ubiquitous in Type I DHFRs, is able to function. In the catalytic complex, the polar backbone atoms of two symmetry-related 168 residues provide recognition motifs that interact with the carboxamide on the nicotinamide ring, and the N3-O4 amide function on the pteridine ring. This set of interactions orients the aromatic rings of substrate and cofactor in a relative endo geometry in which the reactive centers are held in close proximity. Additionally, a central, hydrogen-bonded network consisting of two pairs of Y69-Q67-Q67'-Y69' residues provides an unusually tight interface, which appears to serve as a "molecular clamp" holding the substrates in place in an orientation conducive to hydride transfer. In addition to providing the first clear insight regarding how this extremely unusual enzyme is able to function, the structure of the ternary complex provides general insights into how a mutationally challenged enzyme, i.e., an enzyme whose evolution is restricted to four-residues-at-a-time active site mutations, overcomes this fundamental limitation.
C1 [Krahn, Joseph M.; DeRose, Eugene F.; London, Robert E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Jackson, Michael R.; Howell, Elizabeth E.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biochem Cellular & Mol Biol, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA.
RP London, RE (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM london@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES050147-13, Z01 ES050111-19]; PHS HHS
[HHSN273200700046U]
NR 67
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-2960
J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US
JI Biochemistry
PD DEC 25
PY 2007
VL 46
IS 51
BP 14878
EP 14888
DI 10.1021/bi701532r
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 242OG
UT WOS:000251734500015
PM 18052202
ER
PT J
AU Reddy, NM
Kleeberger, SR
Yamamoto, M
Kensler, TW
Scollick, C
Biswal, S
Reddy, SP
AF Reddy, Narsa M.
Kleeberger, Steven R.
Yamamoto, Masayuki
Kensler, Thomas W.
Scollick, Catherine
Biswal, Shyam
Reddy, Sekhar P.
TI Genetic dissection of the Nrf2-dependent redox signaling-regulated
transcriptional programs of cell proliferation and cytoprotection
SO PHYSIOLOGICAL GENOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE oxidative stress; antioxidants; lung; glutathione
ID OXIDATIVE STRESS; NRF2; LUNG; RECEPTOR; GLUTATHIONYLATION; INFLAMMATION;
ACTIVATION; EXPRESSION; PROTECTS; BETA
AB The beta zipper (bZip) transcription factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2, like 2 (Nrf2), acting via an antioxidant/electrophile response element, regulates the expression of several antioxidant enzymes and maintains cellular redox homeostasis. Nrf2 deficiency diminishes pulmonary expression of several antioxidant enzymes, rendering them highly susceptible to various mouse models of prooxidant-induced lung injury. We recently demonstrated that Nrf2 deficiency impairs primary cultured pulmonary epithelial cell proliferation and greatly enhances sensitivity to prooxidant-induced cell death. Glutathione (GSH) supplementation rescued cells from these defects associated with Nrf2 deficiency. To further delineate the mechanisms by which Nrf2, via redox signaling, regulates cellular protection and proliferation, we compared the global expression profiling of Nrf2-deficient cells with and without GSH supplementation. We found that GSH regulates the expression of various networks of transcriptional programs including 1) several antioxidant enzymes involved in cellular detoxification of reactive oxygen species and recycling of thiol status and 2) several growth factors, growth factor receptors, and integrins that are critical for cell growth and proliferation. We also found that Nrf2 deficiency enhances the expression levels of several genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines; however, GSH supplementation markedly suppressed their expression. Collectively, these findings uncover an important insight into the nature of genes regulated by Nrf2-dependent redox signaling through GSH that are involved in cellular detoxification and proliferation.
C1 [Reddy, Narsa M.; Kensler, Thomas W.; Scollick, Catherine; Biswal, Shyam; Reddy, Sekhar P.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
[Kleeberger, Steven R.] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Yamamoto, Masayuki] Tohoku Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Biochem Med, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan.
RP Reddy, NM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Rm E7547,615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM sreddy@jhsph.edu
RI Yamamoto, Masayuki/A-4873-2010; Kensler, Thomas/D-8686-2014
OI Kensler, Thomas/0000-0002-6676-261X
FU NCI NIH HHS [CA-94076]; NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-66109, HL-81205,
P50-HL-073994, R01 HL081205, R01 HL081205-03]; NIEHS NIH HHS
[P30-ES-038819]
NR 32
TC 61
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 1094-8341
J9 PHYSIOL GENOMICS
JI Physiol. Genomics
PD DEC 19
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 1
BP 74
EP 81
DI 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00126.2007
PG 8
WC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology
SC Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity; Physiology
GA 243FP
UT WOS:000251780900008
PM 17895394
ER
PT J
AU Holguin, F
Flores, S
Ross, Z
Cortez, M
Molina, M
Molina, L
Rincon, C
Jerrett, M
Berhane, K
Granados, A
Romieu, I
AF Holguin, Fernando
Flores, Silvia
Ross, Zev
Cortez, Marlene
Molina, Mario
Molina, Luisa
Rincon, Carlos
Jerrett, Michael
Berhane, Kiros
Granados, Alfredo
Romieu, Isabelle
TI Traffic-related exposures, airway function, inflammation, and
respiratory symptoms in children
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE air pollution; traffic; asthma; exhaled nitric oxide
ID EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; RESIDENTIAL EXPOSURE;
NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; POLLUTION; ROAD; HEALTH; CANADA;
HOSPITALIZATION
AB Rationale: Traffic-related emissions have been associated with respiratory symptoms in some studies. However, there is limited information on how traffic-related emissions relate to lung function and airway inflammation.
Objectives: To determine the differential association of traffic-related exposures with exhaled nitric oxide (NO) and lung volumes and symptoms in children with and without asthma.
Methods: We performed a longitudinal study of 200 children from ages 6 to 12 years of whom half had physician-diagnosed asthma. Two-week NO(2) and 48-hour average levels of elemental carbon and particulate matter of less than 2.5 mu m (PM(2.5)) were measured at participating schools. Road and traffic densities were determine at schools and at each participant's house.
Measurements and Main Results: In children with asthma, an inter-quartile increase in road density within the 50-, 100-, and 200-m home buffer areas was associated with increased exhaled NO (50 m: 28%; P = 0.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3-60; 100 m: 27%; P = 0.005; 95% Cl, 8-49; 200 m: 17%, P = 0.09, 95% Cl, -2 to 40), and reduced FEV(1) (50 m: -0.091 L; P = 0.038; 95% Cl, -0.174 to -0.007; 100 m: -0.072 L, P = -0.028, 95% Cl, -0.134 to -0.009; 200 in: -0.106L, P= 0.002,95%Cl, -0.171 to -0.041]). Exposure to NO(2) at schools was marginally associated with reduced FEV(1) (-0.020; P = 0.060; 95% Cl, -0.042 to 0.001). We did not observe significant associations with PM(2.5) or elemental carbon on exhaled NO. We did not observe significant reductions in lung volumes or changes in exhaled NO among healthy children.
Conclusions: Vehicular traffic exposures are associated with increased levels of exhaled NO and reduced lung volumes in children with asthma.
C1 [Holguin, Fernando] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Flores, Silvia; Cortez, Marlene; Romieu, Isabelle] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
[Ross, Zev] Zev Ross Spat Anal, Ithaca, NY USA.
[Molina, Mario] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA.
[Molina, Luisa] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
[Rincon, Carlos] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Berhane, Kiros] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Granados, Alfredo] Univ Autonoma Ciudad Juarez, Juarez, Mexico.
RP Holguin, F (reprint author), 550 Peachtree St,NE,Room 2331, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA.
EM fch@cdc.gov
NR 36
TC 80
Z9 83
U1 1
U2 18
PU AMER THORACIC SOC
PI NEW YORK
PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA
SN 1073-449X
J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE
JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med.
PD DEC 15
PY 2007
VL 176
IS 12
BP 1236
EP 1242
DI 10.1164/rccm.200611-1616OC
PG 7
WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System
SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System
GA 243PZ
UT WOS:000251811100011
PM 17641154
ER
PT J
AU Jones, WJ
Mazur, CS
Kenneke, JF
Garrison, AW
AF Jones, W. Jack
Mazur, Christopher S.
Kenneke, John F.
Garrison, A. Wayne
TI Enantioselective microbial transformation of the phenylpyrazole
insecticide fipronil in anoxic sediments
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CHIRAL PESTICIDES; DESULFINYL PHOTOPRODUCT; AMPHIASCUS-TENUIREMIS; FIELD
CONDITIONS; NATURAL-WATERS; DEGRADATION; SOIL; TOXICITY;
BIOTRANSFORMATION; DISSIPATION
AB Fipronil, a chiral insecticide, was biotransformed initially to fipronil sulfide in anoxic sediment slurries following a short lag period. Sulfidogenic or methanogenic sediments transformed fipronil with half-lives of approximately 35 and 40 days, respectively. In all microbially active sediment slurries tested, the transformation of fipronil to fipronil sulfide was enantioselective. In the sulfidogenic sediment slurry, the enantiomeric fraction (EF) of fipronil decreased from an initial racemic EF value of 0.46 to a value of 0.22 during the incubation period of active fipronil transformation, indicating preferential transformation of the S-(+)-enantiomer. A previously unidentified product, 5-amino-1-[2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl]-4-(trifluorometh-ylthio)-1-H-pyrazole-3-carboxyamide, or fipronil sulfide-amide, was detected in the sulfidogenic slurries and coincided with the loss of fipronil sulfide. Biota from methanogenic freshwater sediment slurries also transformed fipronil enantioselectively but with a preference for the R-( - )-enantiomer. In all microbially inhibited (autoclaved) sediment slurries tested, no changes in the enantiomeric fractions of fipronil were observed and only low levels (< 5% of the added fipronil) of the fipronil sulfide metabolite were detected. In defined (model) chemical experiments, solutions of pyrite (FeS2) and iron sulfide (FeS) non-enantioselectively transformed fipronil primarily to either 2,6-dichloro-4-(trifluoromethyl)-aniline or to fipronil sulfide and fipronil amide, respectively. This report provides the first experimental evidence of enantioselective microbial transformation of fipronil in a natural environment (soil, water, and sediment) as well as identification of a novel fipronil biotransformation product.
C1 [Jones, W. Jack; Mazur, Christopher S.; Kenneke, John F.; Garrison, A. Wayne] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Jones, WJ (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM jones.jack@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 8
U2 34
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 24
BP 8301
EP 8307
DI 10.1021/es071409s
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 240JB
UT WOS:000251582800018
PM 18200855
ER
PT J
AU Dindal, A
Thompson, E
Aume, L
Billets, S
AF Dindal, Amy
Thompson, Elizabeth
Aume, Laura
Billets, Stephen
TI Application of site-specific calibration data using the CALUX by XDS
bioassay for dioxin-like chemicals in soil and sediment samples
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; ENVIRONMENTAL-SAMPLES; WATER; TEQ
AB The Chemically Activated Luciferase Gene Expression (CALUX) by Xenobiotic Detection Systems (XDS) bioassay was evaluated for the determination of the presence of dioxin and dioxin-like compounds in soil and sediment in two studies conducted under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation Monitoring and Measurement Technologies Program. In the first study, the results were compared with those generated by established laboratory methods (EPA Method 161313) using high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The study results demonstrated that the technology could be used to screen for dioxin concentrations above and below threshold values (e.g., less than or greater than 1 or 50 picograms of toxicity equivalents per gram [pg TEQ/g]); however, the results were not linearly correlated to the HRMS results. A second study was initiated to evaluate performance on a site-specific basis. During the second study, the data from the XDS technology were evaluated in four ways: (1) uncalibrated to HRMS, (2) calibrated using an overall statistical model, (3) calibrated using statistical models generated on a site-specific basis, and (4) calibrated using site-specific calibration factors. The results showed that TEQ data produced by the XDS technology were more precise than the data reported during the first study. The second study also demonstrated that site-specific statistical models were better tools for understanding the relationship between the XDS and HRMS data than a single overall model generated from data from multiple sites. Ultimately, site-specific calibration was shown to be the best approach because it was a simple and accurate Way of correcting the XDS data and improving comparability with HRMS.
C1 [Dindal, Amy; Thompson, Elizabeth; Aume, Laura] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
[Billets, Stephen] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
RP Dindal, A (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
EM dindala@battelle.org
NR 15
TC 17
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 24
BP 8376
EP 8382
DI 10.1021/es071303x
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 240JB
UT WOS:000251582800029
PM 18200866
ER
PT J
AU Owens, CV
Lambright, C
Bobseine, K
Ryan, B
Gray, LE
Gullett, BK
Wilson, VS
AF Owens, Clyde V., Jr.
Lambright, Christy
Bobseine, Kathy
Ryan, Bryce
Gray, L. Earl, Jr.
Gullett, Brian K.
Wilson, Vickie S.
TI Identification of estrogenic compounds emitted from the combustion of
computer printed circuit boards in electronic waste
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID DIBENZO-PARA-DIOXINS; FLAME RETARDANTS; POLYBROMINATED DIBENZOFURANS;
PRODUCTS; CHINA; AIR
AB Rapid changes in technology have brought about a surge in demand for electronic equipment. Many of these products contain brominated flame-retardants (BFRs) as additives to decrease the rate of combustion, raising concerns about their toxicological risk. In our study; emissions from the combustion of computer-printed circuit boards were evaluated in the T47D-KBluc estrogen-responsive cell line at a series of concentrations. There was significant activity from the emission extract when compared to the positive control, 0.1 nM estradiol. After HPLC fractionation, GC/MS identified ten chemicals which included bisphenol A; the brominated derivates mono-, di-, and tribisphenol, triphenyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphine oxide, 4'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-ol, 3,5-dibromo-4-hydroxybiphenyl,3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxybiphenyl, and the oxygenated polyaromatic hydrocarbon benzanthrone. Commercially available samples of these ten compounds were tested. The compound 4'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-ol resulted in dose-dependent significant increases for luciferase activity at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 10 mu M in the T47D-KBluc assay. The chemical also demonstrated an affinity for binding to the estrogen receptor (ER) with an IC50 of 2 x 10(-7) M. To determine the uterotrophic activity, three doses (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg/day) of 4'-bromo-[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-ol were administered to adult ovariectomized Long-Evans rats for 3 days. Treatment of the animals with 200 mg/kg/day showed an increase in uterine weight. Hence one new chemical, released by burning of electrical wastes, was identified which displays estrogenic activity both in vitro and in vivo. However, it was about 1000-fold less potent than ethynyl estradiol.
C1 [Owens, Clyde V., Jr.; Gullett, Brian K.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Lambright, Christy; Bobseine, Kathy; Ryan, Bryce; Gray, L. Earl, Jr.; Wilson, Vickie S.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Owens, CV (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM owens.clyde@epa.gov
NR 25
TC 33
Z9 34
U1 4
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 24
BP 8506
EP 8511
DI 10.1021/es071425p
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 240JB
UT WOS:000251582800049
PM 18200886
ER
PT J
AU Ruhoy, IS
Daughton, CG
AF Ruhoy, Ilene Sue
Daughton, Christian G.
TI Types and quantities of leftover drugs entering the environment via
disposal to sewage - Revealed by coroner records
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE coroner; disposal; pharmaceuticals; patient compliance; environmental
pollution; sewage
ID PROMOTING HUMAN HEALTH; TO-CRADLE STEWARDSHIP; WASTE-WATER; AQUATIC
ENVIRONMENT; PHARMACEUTICALS; FATE; CONTAMINANTS; DISPOSITION;
MEDICATION; REMOVAL
AB Pharmaceuticals designed for humans and animals often remain unused for a variety of reasons, ranging from expiration to a patient's non-compliance. These leftover, accumulated drugs represent sub-optimal delivery of health care and the potential for environmentally unsound disposal, which can pose exposure risks for humans and wildlife. A major unknown with respect to drugs as pollutants is what fractions of drug residues occurring in the ambient environment result from discarding leftover drugs. To gauge the significance of leftover drugs as potential pollutants, data are needed on the types, quantities, and frequencies with which drugs accumulate. Absence of this data has prevented assessments of the significance of drug accumulation and disposal as a contributing source of drug residues in the environment. One particular source of drug accumulation is those drugs that become "orphaned" by the death of a consumer. A new approach to acquiring the data needed to assess the magnitude and extent of drug disposal as a source of environmental pollution is presented by using the inventories of drugs maintained by coroner offices. The data from one metropolitan coroner's office demonstrates proof of concept. Coroner data on leftover drugs are useful for measuring the types and amounts of drugs accumulated by consumers. This inventory also provides an accurate measure of the individual active ingredients actually disposed into sewage by coroners. The types of questions these data can address are presented, and the possible uses of these data for deriving estimates of source contributions from the population at large are discussed. The approach is proposed for nationwide implementation (and automation) to better understand the significance of consumer disposal of medications. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Nevada, Dept Environm Studies, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Environm Chem Branch, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
RP Daughton, CG (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Dept Environm Studies, 4505 Maryland Parkway,Box 45030, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
EM daughton.christian@epa.gov
OI Daughton, Christian/0000-0002-0302-7730
NR 33
TC 29
Z9 30
U1 1
U2 17
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD DEC 15
PY 2007
VL 388
IS 1-3
BP 137
EP 148
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.08.013
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 234SW
UT WOS:000251185300015
PM 17888494
ER
PT J
AU Woods, CG
Kosyk, O
Bradford, BU
Ross, PK
Burns, AM
Cunningham, ML
Qu, PP
Ibrahim, JG
Rusyn, I
AF Woods, Courtney G.
Kosyk, Oksana
Bradford, Blair U.
Ross, Pamela K.
Burns, Amanda M.
Cunningham, Michael L.
Qu, Pingping
Ibrahim, Joseph G.
Rusyn, Ivan
TI Time course investigation of PPAR alpha- and Kupffer cell-dependent
effects of WY-14,643 in mouse liver using microarray gene expression
SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE peroxisome proliferators; PPAR alpha; kupffer cells; toxicogenomics;
microarrays
ID ACTIVATED RECEPTOR-ALPHA; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; PEROXISOME
PROLIFERATOR; IN-VIVO; NADPH OXIDASE; HEPATOCYTE PROLIFERATION;
NONGENOTOXIC CARCINOGEN; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RAT
HEPATOCYTES
AB Administration of peroxisome proliferators to rodents causes proliferation of peroxisomes, induction of beta-oxidation enzymes, hepatocellular hypertrophy and hyperplasia, with chronic exposure ultimately leading to hepatocellular carcinomas. Many responses associated with peroxisome proliferators are nuclear receptor-mediated events involving peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor alpha (PPAR alpha). A role for nuclear receptor-independent events has also been shown, with evidence of Kupffer cell-mediated free radical production, presumably through NAPDH oxidase, induction of redox-sensitive transcription factors involved in cytokine production and cytokine-mediated cell replication following acute treatment with peroxisome proliferators in rodents. Recent studies have demonstrated, by using p47(phox)-null mice which are deficient in NADPH oxidase, that this enzyme is not related to the phenotypic events caused by prolonged administration of peroxisome proliferators. In an effort to determine the timing of the transition from Kupffer cell-to PPAR alpha-dependent modulation of peroxisome proliferator effects, gene expression was assessed in liver from Ppar alpha-null, p47(phox)-null and corresponding wild-type mice following treatment with 4-chloro-6-(2,3-xylidino)-pyrimidynylthioacetic acid (WY-14,643) for 8 h, 24 h, 72 h, 1 week or 4 weeks. WY-14,643-induced gene expression in p47(phox)-null mouse liver differed substantially from wild-type mice at acute doses and striking differences in baseline expression of immune related genes were evident. Pathway mapping of genes that respond to WY-14,643 in a time-and dose-dependent manner demonstrates suppression of immune response, cell death and signal transduction and promotion of lipid metabolism, cell cycle and DNA repair. Furthermore, these pathways were largely dependent on PPAR alpha, not NADPH oxidase demonstrating a temporal shift in response to peroxisome proliferators. Overall, this study shows that NADPH oxidase-dependent events, while detectable following acute treatment, are transient. To the contrary, a strong PPAR alpha-specific gene signature was evident in mice that were continually exposed to WY-14,643. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Michael Hooker Res Ctr 0031, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Rusyn, I (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Michael Hooker Res Ctr 0031, CB 7431, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM iir@unc.edu
RI Rusyn, Ivan/S-2426-2016
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P42 ES005948, P42 ES005948-150010, P42 ES005948-160010,
R01 ES012686, R01 ES012686-04, R01 ES015241, R01 ES015241-02, U19
ES011391, U19 ES011391-05]
NR 52
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0041-008X
J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM
JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
PD DEC 15
PY 2007
VL 225
IS 3
BP 267
EP 277
DI 10.1016/j.taap.2007.08.028
PG 11
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 239RI
UT WOS:000251535000005
PM 17950772
ER
PT J
AU Cooper, OR
Trainer, M
Thompson, AM
Oltmans, SJ
Tarasick, DW
Witte, JC
Stohl, A
Eckhardt, S
Lelieveld, J
Newchurch, MJ
Johnson, BJ
Portmann, RW
Kalnajs, L
Dubey, MK
Leblanc, T
McDermid, IS
Forbes, G
Wolfe, D
Carey-Smith, T
Morris, GA
Lefer, B
Rappengluck, B
Joseph, E
Schmidlin, F
Meagher, J
Fehsenfeld, FC
Keating, TJ
Van Curen, RA
Minschwaner, K
AF Cooper, O. R.
Trainer, M.
Thompson, A. M.
Oltmans, S. J.
Tarasick, D. W.
Witte, J. C.
Stohl, A.
Eckhardt, S.
Lelieveld, J.
Newchurch, M. J.
Johnson, B. J.
Portmann, R. W.
Kalnajs, L.
Dubey, M. K.
Leblanc, T.
McDermid, I. S.
Forbes, G.
Wolfe, D.
Carey-Smith, T.
Morris, G. A.
Lefer, B.
Rappengluck, B.
Joseph, E.
Schmidlin, F.
Meagher, J.
Fehsenfeld, F. C.
Keating, T. J.
Van Curen, R. A.
Minschwaner, K.
TI Evidence for a recurring eastern North America upper tropospheric ozone
maximum during summer
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID PARTICLE DISPERSION MODEL; STRATOSPHERIC OZONE; ART.; CLIMATE;
TRANSPORT; ENHANCEMENT; POLLUTION; FLEXPART; SURFACE; TRENDS
AB Daily ozonesondes were launched from 14 North American sites during August 2006, providing the best set of free tropospheric ozone measurements ever gathered across the continent in a single season. The data reveal a distinct upper tropospheric ozone maximum above eastern North America and centered over the southeastern USA. Recurring each year, the location and strength of the ozone maximum is influenced by the summertime upper tropospheric anticyclone that traps convectively lofted ozone, ozone precursors and lightning NOx above the southeastern USA. The North American summer monsoon that flows northward along the Rocky Mountains is embedded within the western side of the anticyclone and also marks the westernmost extent of the ozone maximum. Removing the influence from stratospheric intrusions, median ozone mixing ratios (78 ppbv) in the upper troposphere (> 6 km) above Alabama, near the center of the anticyclone, were nearly twice the level above the U. S. west coast. Simulations by an atmospheric chemistry general circulation model indicate lightning NOx emissions led to the production of 25-30 ppbv of ozone at 250 hPa above the southern United States during the study period. On the regional scale the ozone enhancement above the southeastern United States produced a positive all-sky adjusted radiative forcing up to 0.50 W m(-2).
C1 [Cooper, O. R.; Trainer, M.; Oltmans, S. J.; Johnson, B. J.; Portmann, R. W.; Wolfe, D.; Meagher, J.; Fehsenfeld, F. C.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
[Cooper, O. R.] Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Thompson, A. M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Meteorol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Tarasick, D. W.] Environm Canada, Meteorol Serv Canada, Expt Studies Res Div, Downsview, ON M3H 5T4, Canada.
[Witte, J. C.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Sci Syst & Applicat Inc, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
[Stohl, A.; Eckhardt, S.] Norwegian Inst Air Res, N-2027 Kjeller, Norway.
[Lelieveld, J.] Max Planck Inst Chem, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
[Newchurch, M. J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Atmospher Sci, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA.
[Kalnajs, L.] Univ Colorado, Atmospher & Space Phys Lab, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
[Dubey, M. K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA.
[Leblanc, T.; McDermid, I. S.] CALTECH, Jet Propuls Lab, Table Mt Facil, Wrightwood, CA 92397 USA.
[Forbes, G.] Meteorol Serv Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 2N6, Canada.
[Forbes, G.] Meteorol Serv Canada, Sable Island, NS, Canada.
[Morris, G. A.] Valparaiso Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Valparaiso, IN 46383 USA.
[Lefer, B.; Rappengluck, B.] Univ Houston, Dept Geosci, Houston, TX 77204 USA.
[Joseph, E.] Howard Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Washington, DC 20059 USA.
[Schmidlin, F.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Wallops Flight Facil, Wallops Isl, VA 23337 USA.
[Keating, T. J.] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Van Curen, R. A.] Calif Air Resources Board, Div Res, Atmospher Proc Res Sect, Sacramento, CA 95812 USA.
[Minschwaner, K.] New Mexico Inst Min & Technol, Dept Phys, Socorro, NM 87801 USA.
RP Cooper, OR (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA.
EM owen.r.cooper@noaa.gov
RI Stohl, Andreas/A-7535-2008; Portmann, Robert/C-4903-2009; Dubey,
Manvendra/E-3949-2010; Cooper, Owen/H-4875-2013; Trainer,
Michael/H-5168-2013; Fehsenfeld, Frederick/I-4876-2013; Eckhardt,
Sabine/I-4001-2012; Lelieveld, Johannes/A-1986-2013; Thompson, Anne
/C-3649-2014; Manager, CSD Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Stohl, Andreas/0000-0002-2524-5755; Portmann,
Robert/0000-0002-0279-6087; Dubey, Manvendra/0000-0002-3492-790X;
Tarasick, David/0000-0001-9869-0692; Eckhardt,
Sabine/0000-0001-6958-5375; Thompson, Anne /0000-0002-7829-0920;
NR 40
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 3
U2 23
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 11
PY 2007
VL 112
IS D23
AR D23304
DI 10.1029/2007JD008710
PG 12
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241YD
UT WOS:000251690800002
ER
PT J
AU Sillman, S
Marsik, FJ
Al-Wali, KI
Keeler, GJ
Landis, MS
AF Sillman, Sanford
Marsik, Frank J.
Al-Wali, Khalid I.
Keeler, Gerald J.
Landis, Matthew S.
TI Reactive mercury in the troposphere: Model formation and results for
Florida, the northeastern United States, and the Atlantic Ocean
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID GASEOUS ELEMENTAL MERCURY; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; CHEMICAL MECHANISM;
ATOMIC MERCURY; NORTH-AMERICA; AQUEOUS-PHASE; CMAQ MODEL; CHEMISTRY;
OZONE; SIMULATION
AB We describe the development of a model for transport and photochemistry of atmospheric mercury at the regional scale, along with an application to the eastern United States and adjacent Atlantic Ocean and Gulf of Mexico, and comparison with aircraft-based measurements in Florida. The model is the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ) with modifications to include an integrated solution for gas phase and aqueous photochemistry. The expanded chemistry includes O-3, NOx, organics, sulfur, halogens and mercury. Divalent reactive gaseous mercury (RGM) is formed slowly through gas phase reactions and removed rapidly by aqueous reactions in cloud water. Model results show that elevated RGM (up to 260 pg m(-3)) forms intermittently over the Atlantic Ocean in air masses that have a cloud-free history. Aircraft measurements in Florida show RGM varying between 10 and 250 pg m(-3) and increasing with altitude, a pattern that is consistent with model results. Ambient RGM would increase by 50% if aqueous reduction reactions were omitted. The model predicts that ambient elemental mercury and RGM anticorrelate in regions where RGM is produced photochemically and correlate in regions dominated by direct emissions. Model results also suggest positive correlations between RGM and SO2, reactive nitrogen and H2O2, which may be used to identify photochemically produced versus directly emitted RGM. RGM in the model is strongly correlated with O-3 during pollution events, and ozone formation from anthropogenic precursors is predicted to cause a significant increase in RGM.
C1 [Sillman, Sanford; Marsik, Frank J.; Al-Wali, Khalid I.; Keeler, Gerald J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Landis, Matthew S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Sillman, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Atmospher Ocean & Space Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM sillman@umich.edu
RI Landis, Matthew/P-5149-2014;
OI Landis, Matthew/0000-0002-8742-496X; Sillman,
Sanford/0000-0001-6250-1191
NR 74
TC 55
Z9 56
U1 0
U2 15
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD DEC 11
PY 2007
VL 112
IS D23
AR D23305
DI 10.1029/2006JD008227
PG 17
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 241YD
UT WOS:000251690800001
ER
PT J
AU Namboodiri, VV
Polshettiwar, V
Varma, RS
AF Namboodiri, Vasudevan V.
Polshettiwar, Vivek
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Expeditious oxidation of alcohols to carbonyl compounds using iron(III)
nitrate
SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE iron(III) nitrate; oxidation; solvent-free reaction; alcohols; carbonyl
compounds
ID MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; AQUEOUS N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; SUPPORTED
METAL NITRATES; CATALYZED OXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; OXIDIZING
REAGENT; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; EFFICIENT; CLAY; AZACYCLOALKANES
AB An efficient and solvent-free protocol for the oxidation of alcohols to corresponding carbonyl compounds using iron(III) nitrate nonahydrate has been developed. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Namboodiri, Vasudevan V.; Polshettiwar, Vivek; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Clean Proc Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Clean Proc Branch, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Varma.Rajender@epa.gov
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668
NR 29
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 11
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4039
J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT
JI Tetrahedron Lett.
PD DEC 10
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 50
BP 8839
EP 8842
DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.10.068
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 247SE
UT WOS:000252099500013
ER
PT J
AU Polshettiwar, V
Varma, RS
AF Polshettiwar, Vivek
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Tandem bis-aza-Michael addition reaction of amines in aqueous medium
promoted by polystyrenesulfonic acid
SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE aza-Michael reaction; polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSSA); aqueous medium;
microwave irradiation
ID MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; WATER; ACCELERATION; EFFICIENT; CHEMISTRY;
ALKENES; GREENER; SOLVENT; KETONES
AB An efficient and environmentally benign tandem bis-aza-Michael addition of amines catalyzed by polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSSA) is described. This operationally simple high yielding microwave assisted synthetic protocol proceeded in water in the absence of any organic solvent. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Polshettiwar, Vivek; Varma, Rajender S.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Tech Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Tech Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668
NR 24
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4039
J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT
JI Tetrahedron Lett.
PD DEC 3
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 49
BP 8735
EP 8738
DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.10.008
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 247RN
UT WOS:000252097400036
ER
PT J
AU Reichel, V
Masereeuw, R
van den Heuvel, JJMW
Miller, DS
Fricker, G
AF Reichel, Valeska
Masereeuw, Rosalinde
van den Heuvel, Jeroen J. M. W.
Miller, David S.
Fricker, Gert
TI Transport of a fluorescent cAMP analog in teleost proximal tubules
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE
PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE killifish; multidrug resistance-associated protein 4
ID ORGANIC ANION TRANSPORTER; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANCE;
CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; DRUG EFFLUX; SHORT-TERM; KIDNEY; SECRETION; FAMILY;
GENE
AB Previous studies have shown that killifish ( Fundulus heteroclitus) renal proximal tubules express a luminal membrane transporter that is functionally and immunologically analogous to the mammalian multidrug resistance-associated protein isoform 2 ( Mrp2, ABCC2). Here we used confocal microscopy to investigate in killifish tubules the transport of a fluorescent cAMP analog ( fluo-cAMP), a putative substrate for Mrp2 and Mrp4 ( ABCC4). Steady-state luminal accumulation of fluo-cAMP was concentrative, specific, and metabolism-dependent, but not reduced by high K + medium or ouabain. Transport was not affected by p-aminohippurate ( organic anion transporter inhibitor) or p-glycoprotein inhibitor ( PSC833), but cell-to-lumen transport was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner by Mrp inhibitor MK571, leukotriene C4 ( LTC4), azidothymidine ( AZT), cAMP, and adefovir; the latter two compounds are Mrp4 substrates. Although MK571 and LTC4 reduced transport of the Mrp2 substrate fluorescein-methotrexate ( FL-MTX), neither cAMP, adefovir, nor AZT affected FL-MTX transport. Fluo-cAMP transport was not reduced when tubules were exposed to endothelin-1, Na nitroprusside ( an nitric oxide generator) or phorbol ester ( PKC activator), all of which signal substantial reductions in cell-to-lumen FL-MTX transport. Fluo-cAMP transport was reduced by forskolin, and this reduction was blocked by the PKA inhibitor H-89. Finally, in membrane vesicles from Spodoptera frugiperda ( Sf9) cells containing human MRP4, ATP-dependent and specific uptake of fluo-cAMP could be demonstrated. Thus, based on inhibitor specificity and regulatory signaling, cell-to-lumen transport of fluo-cAMP in killifish renal tubules is mediated by a transporter distinct from Mrp2, presumably a teleost form of Mrp4.
C1 Univ Heidelberg, Inst Pharm & Mol Biotechnol, Heidelberg, Germany.
Radboud Univ Nijmegen Med Ctr, Nijmegen Ctr Mol Life Sci, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Chem Pharmacol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Fricker, G (reprint author), Inst Pharm & Mol Biotechnol, INF 366, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
EM gert.fricker@uni-hd.de
RI Masereeuw, Roos/N-3582-2014
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES-03828]
NR 34
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 0363-6119
J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I
JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 293
IS 6
BP R2382
EP R2389
DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00029.2007
PG 8
WC Physiology
SC Physiology
GA 237TT
UT WOS:000251400000027
PM 17855498
ER
PT J
AU Blackburn, JK
McNyset, KM
Curtis, A
Hugh-Jones, ME
AF Blackburn, Jason K.
McNyset, Kristina M.
Curtis, Andrew
Hugh-Jones, Martin E.
TI Modeling the geographic distribution of Bacillus anthracis, the
causative agent of anthrax disease, for the contiguous United States
using predictive ecologic niche modeling
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Article
ID CHAGAS-DISEASE; NATIONAL-PARK; POPULATION; DIVERSITY; AMERICA
AB The ecology and distribution of Bacillus anthracis is poorly understood despite continued anthrax outbreaks in wildlife and livestock throughout the United States. Little work is available to define the potential environments that may lead to prolonged spore survival and subsequent outbreaks. This study used the genetic algorithm for rule-set prediction modeling system to model the ecological niche for B. anthracis in the contiguous United States using wildlife and livestock outbreaks and several environmental variables. The modeled niche is defined by a narrow range of normalized difference vegetation index, precipitation, and elevation, with the geographic distribution heavily concentrated in a narrow corridor from southwest Texas northward into the Dakotas and Minnesota. Because disease control programs rely on vaccination and carcass disposal, and vaccination in wildlife remains untenable, understanding the distribution of B. anthracis plays an important role in efforts to prevent/eradicate the disease. Likewise, these results potentially aid in differentiating endemic/natural outbreaks from industrial-contamination related outbreaks or bioterrorist attacks.
C1 [McNyset, Kristina M.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Curtis, Andrew] Univ So Calif, Coll Letters Arts & Sci, Dept Geog, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA.
[Hugh-Jones, Martin E.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Coast & Environm, Dept Environm Studies, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
RP Blackburn, JK (reprint author), Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Geog, Spatial Epidemiol Ecol Res Lab, 800 N St Coll Dr, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA.
EM jablackburn@fullerton.edu
NR 42
TC 41
Z9 44
U1 3
U2 16
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 77
IS 6
BP 1103
EP 1110
PG 8
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 248AH
UT WOS:000252123200022
PM 18165531
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, GE
Baldauf, R
Isakov, V
Khlystov, A
Petersen, W
AF Bowker, George E.
Baldauf, Richard
Isakov, Vlad
Khlystov, Andrey
Petersen, William
TI The effects of roadside structures on the transport and dispersion of
ultrafine particles from highways
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE air quality; dispersion modeling; noise barriers; vegetation; mobile
sources; QUIC
ID MAJOR HIGHWAY; URBAN; PROXIMITY; VEHICLES; DENSITY; SIZE; AREA; AIR
AB Understanding local-scale transport and dispersion of pollutants emitted from traffic sources is important for urban planning and air quality assessments. Predicting pollutant concentration patterns in complex environments depends on accurate representations of local features (e.g., noise barriers, trees, buildings) affecting near-field air flows. This study examined the effects of roadside barriers on the flow patterns and dispersion of pollutants from a high-traffic highway in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA. The effects of the structures were analyzed using the Quick Urban & Industrial Complex (QUIC) model, an empirically based diagnostic tool which simulates fine-scale wind field and dispersion patterns around obstacles. Model simulations were compared with the spatial distributions of ultrafine particles (UFP) from vehicular emissions measured using a passenger van equipped with a Differential Mobility Analyzer/Condensation Particle Counter. The field site allowed for an evaluation of pollutant concentrations in open terrain, with a noise barrier present near the road, and with a noise barrier and vegetation present near the road. Results indicated that air pollutant concentrations near the road were generally higher in open terrain situations with no barriers present; however, concentrations for this case decreased faster with distance than when roadside barriers were present. The presence of a noise barrier and vegetation resulted in the lowest downwind pollutant concentrations, indicating that the plume under this condition was relatively uniform and vertically well-mixed. Comparison of the QUIC model with the mobile UFP measurements indicated that QUIC reasonably represented pollutant transport and dispersion for each of the study configurations. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Baldauf, Richard] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Bowker, George E.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Atmospher Model Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Baldauf, Richard] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Isakov, Vlad] NOAA, Atmospher Sci Model Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Khlystov, Andrey] Duke Univ, Pratt Sch Engn, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
[Petersen, William] William Petersen Consultants, Hurdle Mills, NC USA.
RP Baldauf, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, MD-E343-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM baldauf.richard@epa.gov
RI Khlystov, Andrey/C-6134-2009
OI Khlystov, Andrey/0000-0001-9606-3919
NR 34
TC 65
Z9 67
U1 5
U2 41
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 37
BP 8128
EP 8139
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.064
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 243XC
UT WOS:000251829600011
ER
PT J
AU Menetrez, MY
Foarde, KK
Dean, TR
Betancourt, DA
Moore, SA
AF Menetrez, M. Y.
Foarde, K. K.
Dean, T. R.
Betancourt, D. A.
Moore, S. A.
TI An evaluation of the protein mass of particulate matter
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE bioaerosols; allergens; total protein; PM
ID AIR-POLLUTION; INDOOR-AIR; ENDOTOXIN; PARTICLES; ASTHMA; INDUCTION;
OUTDOOR
AB This research study provides the characterization of mass percent of protein-based particulate matter in total ambient particulate matter collected in a metropolitan area of NC. The project determined the percentages of protein-based ambient bioaerosols for particles in the 2.5-10 mu m range and for particles in the range of 2.5 mu m or less in 298 samples taken over a six-month period. The analysis of total protein mass was used as an all-inclusive indicator of biologically based aerosols. These organic bioaerosols may have nucleated with inorganic non-biological aerosols, or they may be combined with inert aerosols. The source of these bioaerosols may be any combination of pollen, mold, bacteria, insect debris, fecal matter, or dander, and they may induce irritational, allergic, infectious, and chemical responses in exposed individuals. Ambient samples Of PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 were analyzed for gravimetric mass and total protein mass. The results for 19 of 24 sample periods indicated that between 1% and 4% Of PM10-2.5 and between 1% and 2% Of PM2.5 mass concentrations were made of ambient protein bioaerosols. (The remaining 5 of 24 sample periods yielded protein results which were below detectable limits.) Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Menetrez, M. Y.; Dean, T. R.; Betancourt, D. A.; Moore, S. A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Foarde, K. K.] Ctr Engn & Environm Sci, Res Triangle Inst, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Menetrez, MY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM menetrez.marc@epa.gov; kkf@rti.org
NR 27
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 3
U2 18
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 37
BP 8264
EP 8274
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.021
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 243XC
UT WOS:000251829600022
ER
PT J
AU Kleindienst, TE
Jaoui, M
Lewandowski, M
Offenberg, JH
Lewis, CW
Bhave, PV
Edney, EO
AF Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.
Jaoui, Mohammed
Lewandowski, Michael
Offenberg, John H.
Lewis, Charles W.
Bhave, Prakash V.
Edney, Edward O.
TI Estimates of the contributions of biogenic and anthropogenic
hydrocarbons to secondary organic aerosol at a southeastern US location
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE SOA; organic aerosol; biogenic hydrocarbons; anthropogenic hydrocarbons
ID UNITED-STATES; SESQUITERPENE EMISSIONS; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; ELEMENTAL
CARBON; HYDROXYL-GROUPS; ALPHA-PINENE; PM2.5; QUANTIFICATION;
IDENTIFICATION; GASOLINE
AB An organic tracer-based method containing laboratory and field study components was used to estimate the secondary organic aerosol (SOA) contributions of biogenic and anthropogenic hydrocarbons to ambient organic carbon (OC) concentrations in PM2.5 during 2003 in Research Triangle Park, NC. In the laboratory, smog chamber experiments were conducted where isoprene, alpha-pinene, beta-caryophyllene, and toluene were individually irradiated in the presence of NOx. In each experiment, SOA was collected and analyzed for potential tracer compounds, whose concentrations were used to calculate a mass fraction of tracer compounds for each hydrocarbon. In the field, 33 PM2.5 samples were collected and analyzed for (1) tracer compounds observed in the laboratory irradiations, (2) levoglucosan, a biomass burning tracer, and (3) total OC. For each of the four hydrocarbons, the SOA contributions to ambient OC concentrations were estimated using the tracer concentrations and the laboratory-derived mass fractions. The estimates show SOA formation from isoprene, a-pinene, beta-caryophyllene, and toluene contributed significantly to the ambient OC concentrations. The relative contributions were highly seasonal with biomass burning in the winter accounting for more than 50% of the OC concentrations, while SOA contributions remained low. However, during the 6-month period between May and October, SOA from the precursor hydrocarbons contributed more than 40% of the measured OC concentration. Although the tracer-based method is subject to considerable uncertainty due to the simplification of replacing the complex set of chemical reactions responsible for SOA with a laboratory-derived single-valued mass fraction, the results suggest this approach can be used to identify major sources of SOA which can assist in the development of air quality models. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Kleindienst, Tadeusz E.; Lewandowski, Michael; Offenberg, John H.; Lewis, Charles W.; Edney, Edward O.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Jaoui, Mohammed] Alion Sci & Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Bhave, Prakash V.] Natl Ocean & Atmospher Administ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Kleindienst, TE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM kleindienst.tad@epa.gov
RI Offenberg, John/C-3787-2009; Bhave, Prakash/L-1958-2013
OI Offenberg, John/0000-0002-0213-4024; Bhave, Prakash/0000-0002-2573-951X
NR 31
TC 189
Z9 197
U1 22
U2 145
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 37
BP 8288
EP 8300
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.06.045
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 243XC
UT WOS:000251829600024
ER
PT J
AU Landis, MS
Lewis, CW
Stevens, RK
Keeler, GJ
Dvonch, JT
Tremblay, RT
AF Landis, Matthew S.
Lewis, Charles W.
Stevens, Robert K.
Keeler, Gerald J.
Dvonch, J. Timothy
Tremblay, Raphael T.
TI Ft. McHenry tunnel study: Source profiles and mercury emissions from
diesel and gasoline powered vehicles
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE particulate matter; mercury speciation; receptor modeling
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EXHAUST PARTICULATE MATTER; SOURCE
APPORTION MERCURY; ATMOSPHERIC MERCURY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; URBAN
ATMOSPHERE; MOTOR-VEHICLES; LAKE MICHIGAN; AMBIENT AIR; PM2.5
AB During the fall of 1998, the US Environmental Protection Agency and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection sponsored a 7-day study at the Ft. McHenry tunnel in Baltimore, MD with the objective of obtaining PM2.5 vehicle source profiles for use in atmospheric mercury source apportionment studies. PM2.5 emission profiles from gasoline and diesel powered vehicles were developed from analysis of trace elements, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), and condensed aliphatic hydrocarbons. PM2.5 samples were collected using commercially available sampling systems and were extracted and analyzed using conventional well-established methods. Both inorganic and organic profiles were sufficiently unique to mathematically discriminate the contributions from each source type using a chemical mass balance source apportionment approach. However, only the organic source profiles provided unique PAH tracers (e.g., fluoranthene, pyrene, and chrysene) for diesel combustion that could be used to identify source contributions generated using multivariate statistical receptor modeling approaches. In addition, the study found significant emission of gaseous elemental mercury (Hg-o), divalent reactive gaseous mercury (RGM), and particulate mercury (Hg(p)) from gasoline but not from diesel powered motor vehicles. Fuel analysis supported the tunnel measurement results showing that total mercury content in all grades of gasoline (284 +/- 108 ng L-1) was substantially higher than total mercury content in diesel fuel (62 +/- 37 ng L-1) collected contemporaneously at local Baltimore retailers. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Landis, Matthew S.; Lewis, Charles W.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Stevens, Robert K.] Florida Dept Environm Protect, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA.
[Keeler, Gerald J.; Dvonch, J. Timothy] Univ Michigan, Air Qual Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
[Tremblay, Raphael T.] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
RP Landis, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM landis.matthew@epa.gov
RI Dvonch, Joseph/K-3632-2013; Landis, Matthew/P-5149-2014
OI Landis, Matthew/0000-0002-8742-496X
NR 59
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 3
U2 32
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 38
BP 8711
EP 8724
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.07.028
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 247SR
UT WOS:000252101300025
ER
PT J
AU Tong, D
Mathur, R
Schere, K
Kang, D
Yu, S
AF Tong, Daniel
Mathur, Rohit
Schere, Kenneth
Kang, Daiwen
Yu, Shaocal
TI The use of air quality forecasts to assess impacts of air pollution on
crops: Methodology and case study
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE crop loss; ozone damage; exposure; air quality model; cost benefit
analysis
ID PROTECT VEGETATION; OZONE EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; SURFACE OZONE;
GROWTH; MODEL; YIELD; STANDARDS; DIOXIDE; CHINA
AB It has been reported that ambient ozone (03), either alone or in concurrence with acid rain precursors, accounts for up to 90% of US crop losses resulting from exposure to all major air pollutants. Crop damage due to 03 exposure is of particular concern as ambient 03 concentrations remain high in many major food-producing regions. Assessing 03 damage to crops is challenging due to the difficulties in determining the reduction in crop yield that results from exposure to surface 03, for which monitors are limited and mostly deployed in non-rural areas. This work explores the potential benefits of using operational air quality forecast (AQF) data to estimate rural 03 exposure. Using the results from the first nationwide AQF as a case study, we demonstrate how the 03 data provided by AQF can be combined with concurrent crop information to assess 03 damages to soybeans in the United States. We estimate that exposure to ambient 03 reduces the US soybean production by 10% in 2005. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Tong, Daniel; Mathur, Rohit; Schere, Kenneth; Kang, Daiwen; Yu, Shaocal] US EPA, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27111 USA.
[Tong, Daniel; Kang, Daiwen; Yu, Shaocal] Sci & Technol Corp, Hampton, VA 23666 USA.
[Mathur, Rohit; Schere, Kenneth] US EPA, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27111 USA.
RP Tong, D (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, MD E243 03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27111 USA.
EM tong.daniel@epa.gov
RI Tong, Daniel/A-8255-2008; yu, shaocai/G-7806-2011; yu,
shaocai/F-1394-2014
OI Tong, Daniel/0000-0002-4255-4568;
NR 40
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 38
BP 8772
EP 8784
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.07.060
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 247SR
UT WOS:000252101300030
ER
PT J
AU Venkatram, A
Isakov, V
Thoma, E
Baldauf, R
AF Venkatram, Akula
Isakov, Vlad
Thoma, Eben
Baldauf, Richard
TI Analysis of air quality data near roadways using a dispersion model
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE air quality; line source; dispersion modeling; traffic emissions; mobile
sources
ID LINE-SOURCE; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; INDUCED TURBULENCE; MAJOR HIGHWAY;
URBAN AREAS; POLLUTION; EMISSIONS; MORTALITY; MOTORWAY; WIND
AB We used a dispersion model to analyze measurements made during a field study conducted by the U.S. EPA in July-August 2006, to estimate the impact of traffic emissions on air quality at distances of tens of meters from an eight-lane highway located in Raleigh, NC. The air quality measurements consisted of long path optical measurements of NO at distances of 7 and 17 in from the edge of the highway. Sonic anemometers were used to measure wind speed and turbulent velocities at 6 and 20m from the highway. Traffic flow rates were monitored using traffic surveillance cameras. The dispersion model [Venkatram, A., 2004. On estimating emissions through horizontal fluxes. Atmospheric Environment 38, 2439-2446] explained over 60% of the variance of the observed path averaged NO concentrations, and over 90% of the observed concentrations were within a factor of two of the model estimates.
Sensitivity tests conducted with the model indicated that the traffic flow rate made the largest contribution to the variance of the observed NO concentrations. The meteorological variable that had the largest impact on the near road NO concentrations was the standard deviation of the vertical velocity fluctuations, sigma(w). Wind speed had a relatively minor effect on concentrations. Furthermore, as long as the wind direction was within +/- 45 degrees from the normal to the road, wind direction had little impact on near road concentrations. The measurements did not allow us to draw conclusions on the impact of traffic-induced turbulence on dispersion. The analysis of air quality and meteorological observations resulted in plausible estimates of on-road emission factors for NO. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Isakov, Vlad] NOAA, Atomspher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Venkatram, Akula] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
[Thoma, Eben; Baldauf, Richard] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Baldauf, Richard] US Environm Protect Agcy, Off Air & Radiat, Off Transportat & Air Quality, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
RP Venkatram, A (reprint author), NOAA, Atomspher Sci Modeling Div, MD-E243-04,109 T N Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM lsakov.Vlad@epa.gov
NR 30
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 20
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 40
BP 9481
EP 9497
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.08.045
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 251FA
UT WOS:000252355700018
ER
PT J
AU Appel, KW
Gilliland, AB
Sarwar, G
Gilliam, RC
AF Appel, K. Wyat
Gilliland, Alice B.
Sarwar, Golam
Gilliam, Robert C.
TI Evaluation of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version
4.5: Sensitivities impacting model performance Part I - Ozone
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Air quality model; Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model; model
evaluation; ozone; synoptic cluster
ID CONTINENTAL UNITED-STATES; METEOROLOGY; CHEMISTRY; PATTERNS
AB This study examines ozone (O(3)) predictions from the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model version 4.5 and discusses potential factors influencing the model results. Daily maximum 8-h average O(3) levels are largely underpredicted when observed O(3) levels are above 85ppb and overpredicted when they are below 35ppb. Using a clustering approach, model performance was examined separately for several different synoptic regimes. Under the most common synoptic conditions of a typical summertime Bermuda High setup, the model showed good overall performance for O(3), while associations have been identified here between other, less frequent, synoptic regimes and the O(3) overprediction and underprediction biases. A sensitivity test between the CB-1V and CB05 chemical mechanisms showed that predictions of daily maximum 8-h average O(3) using CB05 were on average 7.3% higher than those using CB-IV. Boundary condition (BC) sensitivity tests show that the overprediction biases at low O(3) levels are more sensitive to the BC 03 levels near the surface than BC concentrations aloft. These sensitivity tests also show the model performance for O(3) improved when using the global GEOS-CHEM BCs instead of default profiles. Simulations using the newest version of the CMAQ model (v4.6) showed a small improvement in O(3) predictions, particularly when vertical layers were not collapsed. Collectively, the results suggest that key synoptic weather patterns play a leading role in the prediction biases, and more detailed study of these episodes are needed to identify further modeling improvements. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Appel, K. Wyat; Gilliland, Alice B.; Gilliam, Robert C.] US EPA, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Air Resources Lab, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Sarwar, Golam] US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Appel, KW (reprint author), US EPA, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Air Resources Lab, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Wyat.Appel@noaa.gov
RI Chem, GEOS/C-5595-2014
NR 34
TC 99
Z9 102
U1 2
U2 29
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 40
BP 9603
EP 9615
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.08.044
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 251FA
UT WOS:000252355700028
ER
PT J
AU Daston, GP
Seed, J
AF Daston, George P.
Seed, Jennifer
TI Skeletal malformations and variations in developmental toxicity studies:
Interpretation issues for human risk assessment
SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE human health risk assessment; skeletal development; skeletal variations
ID DETECT PRENATAL EXPOSURE; SUPERNUMERARY RIBS; MATERNAL TOXICITY;
RETINOIC ACID; FETAL MALFORMATIONS; ADULT SKELETONS; MICE; RAT;
OSSIFICATION; VERTEBRAE
C1 [Daston, George P.] Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Innovat Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45253 USA.
[Seed, Jennifer] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Daston, GP (reprint author), Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Innovat Ctr, POB 538707, Cincinnati, OH 45253 USA.
EM Daston.gp@pg.com
NR 34
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1542-9733
J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B
JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 80
IS 6
BP 421
EP 424
DI 10.1002/bdrb.20135
PG 4
WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 248GG
UT WOS:000252140000001
PM 18157902
ER
PT J
AU Tyl, RW
Chernoff, N
Rogers, JM
AF Tyl, Rochelle W.
Chernoff, Neil
Rogers, John M.
TI Altered axial skeletal development
SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART B-DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE axial skeleton; anomalies; terata; variations; ribs; vertebrae; human;
mouse; rat; rabbit
ID THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME; ZEALAND WHITE-RABBIT; CERVICAL RIBS; VALPROIC
ACID; BORIC-ACID; SPONTANEOUS MALFORMATIONS; SUPERNUMERARY RIBS; CD-1
MOUSE; TERATOGENICITY EVALUATION; REPRODUCTIVE-PERFORMANCE
AB The axial skeleton is routinely examined in standard developmental toxicity bioassays and has proven to be sensitive to a wide variety of chemical agents. Dysmorphogenesis in the skull, vertebral column and ribs has been described in both human populations and in laboratory animals used to assess potential adverse developmental effects. This article emphasizes vertebrae and rib anomalies both spontaneous and agent induced. Topics discussed include the morphology of the more common effects; incidences in both human and experimental animal populations; the types of anomalies induced in the axial skeleton by methanol, boric acid, valproic acid and others; the postnatal persistence of common skeletal anomalies; and the genetic control of the development of the axial skeleton. Tables of the spontaneous incidence of axial anomalies in both humans and animals are provided.
C1 [Tyl, Rochelle W.] Res Triangle Inst, Ctr Life Sci & Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Chernoff, Neil; Rogers, John M.] US EPA, Reprod Toxicol Div, Nat Hlth & Environm Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Tyl, RW (reprint author), RTI Int, HLB-124,3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM rwt@rti.org
NR 136
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 6
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1542-9733
J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES B
JI Birth Defects Res. Part B-Dev. Reprod. Toxicol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 80
IS 6
BP 451
EP 472
DI 10.1002/bdrb.20134
PG 22
WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 248GG
UT WOS:000252140000003
PM 18157900
ER
PT J
AU Wang, K
Richard, A
Rusyn, I
Tropsha, A
AF Wang, Kun
Richard, Ann
Rusyn, Ivan
Tropsha, Alexander
TI Toxico-cheminformatics and QSPR modeling of the carcinogenic potency
database
SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT Meeting of the Division of Chemical Toxicology of the
American-Chemical-Society held at the 234th ACS National Meeting
CY AUG 19-23, 2007
CL Boston, MA
SP Amer Chem Soc, Div Chem Toxicol
C1 [Wang, Kun] Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Richard, Ann] US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Rusyn, Ivan] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Tropsha, Alexander] Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Lab Mol Modeling, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM kunwang@email.unc.edu
RI Tropsha, Alexander/G-6245-2014; Rusyn, Ivan/S-2426-2016
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 2
U2 2
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0893-228X
J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL
JI Chem. Res. Toxicol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 20
IS 12
MA 116
BP 2013
EP 2013
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology
GA 242NW
UT WOS:000251733400147
ER
PT J
AU Wallis, MC
Waters, PD
Delbridge, ML
Kirby, PJ
Pask, AJ
Grutzner, F
Rens, W
Ferguson-Smith, MA
Graves, JAM
AF Wallis, M. C.
Waters, P. D.
Delbridge, M. L.
Kirby, P. J.
Pask, A. J.
Grutzner, F.
Rens, W.
Ferguson-Smith, M. A.
Graves, J. A. M.
TI Sex determination in platypus and echidna: autosomal location of SOX3
confirms the absence of SRY from monotremes
SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Ornithorhynchus anatinus; platypus; sex determination; SOX3; SRY;
Tachyglossus aculeatus
ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; EARLY FEMALE EMBRYOS; HUMAN X-CHROMOSOME;
MAMMALIAN SEX; Y-CHROMOSOME; DETERMINING GENE; TOKUDAIA-OSIMENSIS;
DETERMINING REGION; LINKED GENES; W-CHROMOSOME
AB In eutherian ('placental') mammals, sex is determined by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome-borne gene SRY, which triggers testis determination. Marsupials also have a Y-borne SRY gene, implying that this mechanism is ancestral to therians, the SRY gene having diverged from its X-borne homologue SOX3 at least 180 million years ago. The rare exceptions have clearly lost and replaced the SRY mechanism recently. Other vertebrate classes have a variety of sex-determining mechanisms, but none shares the therian SRY-driven XX female:XY male system. In monotreme mammals (platypus and echidna), which branched from the therian lineage 210 million years ago, no orthologue of SRY has been found. In this study we show that its partner SOX3 is autosomal in platypus and echidna, mapping among human X chromosome orthologues to platypus chromosome 6, and to the homologous chromosome 16 in echidna. The autosomal localization of SOX3 in monotreme mammals, as well as non-mammal vertebrates, implies that SRY is absent in Prototheria and evolved later in the therian lineage 210-180 million years ago. Sex determination in platypus and echidna must therefore depend on another male-determining gene(s) on the Y chromosomes, or on the different dosage of a gene(s) on the X chromosomes.
C1 [Wallis, M. C.; Waters, P. D.; Delbridge, M. L.; Kirby, P. J.; Grutzner, F.; Graves, J. A. M.] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Comparat Genom Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Kirby, P. J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Pask, A. J.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Zool, Melbourne, Vic 3010, Australia.
[Rens, W.; Ferguson-Smith, M. A.] Univ Cambridge, Dept Vet Med, Cambridge Resource Ctr Comparat Genom, Cambridge CB3 0ES, England.
RP Wallis, MC (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Comparat Genom Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
EM mary.wallis@anu.edu.au
RI Graves, Jennifer/A-1387-2008; Waters, Paul/D-1044-2009; Waters,
Paul/B-7871-2015;
OI Grutzner, Frank/0000-0002-3088-7314; Pask, Andrew/0000-0002-1900-2263
FU Wellcome Trust
NR 70
TC 39
Z9 40
U1 2
U2 22
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0967-3849
J9 CHROMOSOME RES
JI Chromosome Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 15
IS 8
BP 949
EP 959
DI 10.1007/s10577-007-1185-3
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 249TK
UT WOS:000252252500001
PM 18185981
ER
PT J
AU Kirby, PJ
Greaves, IK
Koina, E
Jennifer, PDW
Graves, JAM
AF Kirby, Patrick J.
Greaves, Ian K.
Koina, Edda
Jennifer, Paul D. Waters
Graves, Jennifer A. Marshall
TI Core-SINE blocks comprise a large fraction of monotreme genomes;
implications for vertebrate chromosome evolution
SO CHROMOSOME RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE core-SINE; echidna; fluorescence in-situ hybridization; Ornithorhynchus
anatinus; platypus; Tachyglossus
ID ELEMENTS; SEQUENCES; ALU; ORGANIZATION; HYBRIDIZATION; CONSERVATION;
MAMMALS; OPOSSUM; ORIGIN; BANDS
AB The genomes of the egg-laying platypus and echidna are of particular interest because monotremes are the most basal mammal group. The chromosomal distribution of an ancient family of short interspersed repeats (SINEs), the core-SINEs, was investigated to better understand monotreme genome organization and evolution. Previous studies have identified the core-SINE as the predominant SINE in the platypus genome, and in this study we quantified, characterized and localized subfamilies. Dot blot analysis suggested that a very large fraction (32% of the platypus and 16% of the echidna genome) is composed of Mon core-SINEs. Core-SINE-specific primers were used to amplify PCR products from platypus and echidna genomic DNA. Sequence analysis suggests a common consensus sequence Mon 1-B, shared by platypus and echidna, as well as platypus-specific Mon 1-C and echidna specific Mon 1-D consensus sequences. FISH mapping of the Mon core-SINE products to platypus metaphase spreads demonstrates that the Mon-1C subfamily is responsible for the striking Mon core-SINE accumulation in the distal regions of the six large autosomal pairs and the largest X chromosome. This unusual distribution highlights the dichotomy between the seven large chromosome pairs and the 19 smaller pairs in the monotreme karyotype, which has some similarity to the macro- and micro-chromosomes of birds and reptiles, and suggests that accumulation of repetitive sequences may have enlarged small chromosomes in an ancestral vertebrate. In the forthcoming sequence of the platypus genome there are still large gaps, and the extensive Mon core-SINE accumulation on the distal regions of the six large autosomal pairs may provide one explanation for this missing sequence.
C1 [Kirby, Patrick J.; Greaves, Ian K.; Koina, Edda; Jennifer, Paul D. Waters; Graves, Jennifer A. Marshall] Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Comparat Genom Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
[Kirby, Patrick J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Toxicol, Durham, NC 27709 USA.
RP Kirby, PJ (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Res Sch Biol Sci, Comparat Genom Grp, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia.
EM Kirbyp2@mail.nih.gov
RI Graves, Jennifer/A-1387-2008; greaves, ian/E-2220-2011
OI greaves, ian/0000-0003-3923-9740
NR 34
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0967-3849
J9 CHROMOSOME RES
JI Chromosome Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 15
IS 8
BP 975
EP 984
DI 10.1007/s10577-007-1187-1
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 249TK
UT WOS:000252252500003
PM 18185983
ER
PT J
AU Burnett, KG
Bain, LJ
Baldwin, WS
Callard, GV
Cohen, S
Di Giulio, RT
Evans, DH
Gomez-Chiarri, M
Hahn, ME
Hoover, CA
Karchner, SI
Katoh, F
MacLatchy, DL
Marshall, WS
Meyer, JN
Nacci, DE
Oleksiak, MF
Rees, BB
Singer, TD
Stegeman, JJ
Towle, DW
Van Veld, PA
Vogelbein, WK
Whitehead, A
Winn, RN
Crawford, DL
AF Burnett, Karen G.
Bain, Lisa J.
Baldwin, William S.
Callard, Gloria V.
Cohen, Sarah
Di Giulio, Richard T.
Evans, David H.
Gomez-Chiarri, Marta
Hahn, Mark E.
Hoover, Cindi A.
Karchner, Sibel I.
Katoh, Fumi
MacLatchy, Deborah L.
Marshall, William S.
Meyer, Joel N.
Nacci, Diane E.
Oleksiak, Marjorie F.
Rees, Bernard B.
Singer, Thomas D.
Stegeman, John J.
Towle, David W.
Van Veld, Peter A.
Vogelbein, Wolfgang K.
Whitehead, Andrew
Winn, Richard N.
Crawford, Douglas L.
TI Fundulus as the premier teleost model in environmental biology:
Opportunities for new insights using genomics
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
LA English
DT Review
DE Fundulus heteroclitus; physiological genomics; ecological genomics;
evolutionary genomics; toxicogenomics; environmental genomics
ID CREOSOTE-CONTAMINATED SITE; BLEACHED-KRAFT PULP; DIFFERENTIAL
GENE-EXPRESSION; ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTORS; ACID-BASE REGULATION;
POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HETEROCLITUS FOLLOWING TREATMENT;
GLUCOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE GPI; EURYHALINE ESTUARINE TELEOST; GLYCOLYTIC
ENZYME EXPRESSION
AB A strong foundation of basic and applied research documents that the estuarine fish Fundulus heteroclitus and related species are unique laboratory and field models for understanding how individuals and populations interact with their environment. In this paper we summarize an extensive body of work examining the adaptive responses of Fundulus species to environmental conditions, and describe how this research has contributed importantly to our understanding of physiology, gene regulation, toxicology, and ecological and evolutionary genetics of teleosts and other vertebrates. These explorations have reached a critical juncture at which advancement is hindered by the lack of genomic resources for these species. We suggest that a more complete genomics toolbox for F heteroclitus and related species will permit researchers to exploit the power of this model organism to rapidly advance our understanding of fundamental biological and pathological mechanisms among vertebrates, as well as ecological strategies and evolutionary processes common to all living organisms. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
Clemson Univ, Clemson Inst Environm Toxicol, Pendleton, SC 29670 USA.
Boston Univ, Dept Biol, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
San Francisco State Univ, Romberg Tiburon Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94120 USA.
San Francisco State Univ, Dept Biol, San Francisco, CA 94120 USA.
Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Fisheries Anim & Vet Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
Woods Hole Oceanog Inst, Dept Biol, Woods Hole, MA 02543 USA.
Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Fac Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
St Francis Xavier Univ, Dept Biol, Antigonish, NS B2G 2W5, Canada.
Wilfrid Laurier Univ, Fac Sci, Waterloo, ON N2L 3C5, Canada.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, Miami, FL 33149 USA.
Univ New Orleans, Dept Biol Sci, New Orleans, LA 70148 USA.
Univ Waterloo, Sch Optometry, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
Mt Desert Isl Biol Lab, Ctr Marine Funct Genom, Salsbury Cove, ME 04672 USA.
Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Coll William & Mary, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
Louisiana State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
Univ Georgia, Aquat Biotechnol & Environm Lab, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Burnett, KG (reprint author), Coll Charleston, Grice Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM burnettk@cofc.edu
RI Whitehead, Andrew/G-2122-2012;
OI Hahn, Mark/0000-0003-4358-2082
FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR016463-066829, P20 RR016463]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P42
ES007381, P42 ES007381-05S10007, P42 ES007381-130023, P42 ES010356, P42
ES010356-08, R01 ES011588, R01 ES011588-05]; NIGMS NIH HHS [S06
GM008012]
NR 392
TC 155
Z9 162
U1 3
U2 37
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1744-117X
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS D
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. D-Genomics Proteomics
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 2
IS 4
BP 257
EP 286
DI 10.1016/j.cbd.2007.09.001
PG 30
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 238WL
UT WOS:000251478800001
PM 18071578
ER
PT J
AU Nadagouda, MN
Varma, RS
AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.
Varma, Rajender S.
TI A greener synthesis of core (Fe, Cu)-shell (An, Pt, Pd, and Ag)
nanocrystals using aqueous vitamin C
SO CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; BIMETALLIC NANOPARTICLES; SHELL
NANOPARTICLES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; COLLOIDS; CLUSTERS; NANOSTRUCTURES;
FABRICATION; ABSORPTION; DEPOSITION
AB A greener method to fabricate novel core (Fe and Cu)-shell (noble metals) metal nanocrystals using aqueous ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is described. Transition metal salts such as Cu and Fe were reduced using ascorbic acid, a benign naturally available antioxidant, and then addition of noble metal salts resulted in the formation of the core-shell structure depending on the core and shell material used for the preparation. Pt yielded a tennis ball kind of structure with a Cu core, whereas Pd and Au formed regular spherical nanoparticles. Au, Pt, and Pd formed cube-shaped structures with Fe as the core. Inversely, transition metals with noble metals, such as Pd, as the core also formed interesting structures; these structures were brushlike with indium as the shell and needle-like when Cu was employed as the shell. The method is general uses no surfactant or capping agent and can be extended to noble metals as cores and transition metals as shells. The core-shell nanocrystals were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and UV-vis spectroscopy. These nanocrystals have unique properties that are not originally present in either the core or shell materials and may have potential functions in catalysis, biosensors, energy Storage systems, nanodevices, and ever-expanding other technological applications.
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
NR 46
TC 105
Z9 106
U1 14
U2 137
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1528-7483
J9 CRYST GROWTH DES
JI Cryst. Growth Des.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 7
IS 12
BP 2582
EP 2587
DI 10.1021/cg070554e
PG 6
WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science,
Multidisciplinary
SC Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
GA 238UM
UT WOS:000251473200038
ER
PT J
AU Grange, AH
Sovocool, GW
AF Grange, Andrew H.
Sovocool, G. Wayne
TI Identification of compounds in water above a pollutant plume by
high-resolution mass spectrometry
SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE exact mass; elemental formula; compound identification; ion composition
elucidation
ID ION CORRELATION PROGRAM; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITIONS; Q1
AB Identification of compounds in contaminated media is essential for determining sources of pollution and for assessing risks posed by the chemicals to ecosystems or human health. Eighty-five compounds were identified or tentatively identified in a 1-L extract of water sampled above a pollutant plume containing wastes from a chemical plant. Gas chromatography/high-resolution mass spectrometry determined exact masses of apparent molecular ions and the exact masses and RIAs (relative isotopic abundances) of their +1 and +2 isotopic mass peaks, which provided their elemental compositions. Ion compositions, mass spectral libraries, the presence of related compounds, and knowledge of organic chemistry provided tentative identifications, half of which were confirmed by comparison of analyte retention times and mass spectra with those of standards.
C1 [Grange, Andrew H.; Sovocool, G. Wayne] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NERL, Div Environm Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
RP Grange, AH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NERL, Div Environm Sci, POB 93478, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
EM grange.andrew@epa.gov; sovocool.wayne@epa.gov
NR 14
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
PI ABINGDON
PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1527-5922
J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS
JI Environ. Forensics
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 4
BP 391
EP 404
DI 10.1080/15275920701729340
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 247EM
UT WOS:000252060100011
ER
PT J
AU Krekeler, MPS
Probst, P
Samsonov, M
Tselepis, CM
Bates, W
Kearns, LE
Maynard, JB
AF Krekeler, Mark P. S.
Probst, Pete
Samsonov, Misha
Tselepis, Cynthia M.
Bates, William
Kearns, Lance E.
Maynard, J. Barry
TI Investigations of subsurface flow constructed wetlands and associated
geomaterial resources in the Akumal and Reforma regions, Quintana Roo,
Mexico
SO ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE constructed wetlands; mineralogy; carbonate aggregate; Akumal
ID GEOSYNTHETIC CLAY LINERS; TREATED WASTE-WATER; CORAL-REEFS; HYDRAULIC
CONDUCTIVITY; HAWTHORNE FORMATION; YUCATAN PENINSULA; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS;
SOUTHERN GEORGIA; GRAIN-SIZE; ADSORPTION
AB Subsurface flow constructed wetlands in the village of Akumal, Quintana Roo, Mexico were surveyed to determine the general status of the wetland systems and provide baseline information for long term monitoring and further study. Twenty subsurface flow wetlands were surveyed and common problems observed in the systems were overloading, poor plant cover, odor, and no secondary containment. Bulk mineral composition of aggregate from two subsurface flow constructed wetlands was determined to consist solely of calcite using bulk powder X-ray diffraction. Some soil structure is developed in the aggregate and aggregate levels in wetlands drop at an estimated rate between 3 and 10 cm/year for overloaded wetlands owing to dissolution. Mineral composition from fresh aggregate samples commonly is a mixture of calcite and aragonite. Trace amounts of Pb, Zn, Co, and Cr were observed in fresh aggregate. Coefficients of permeability (k) varied from 0.006 to 0.027 cm/s with an average values being 0.016 cm/s. Grain size analysis of fresh aggregate samples indicates there are unimodal and multimodal size distributions in the samples with modes in the coarse and fine sand being common. Investigations of other geologic media from the Reforma region indicate that a dolomite with minor amounts of Fe-oxide and palygorskite is abundant and may be a better aggregate source that the current materials used. A Ca-montmorillonite bed was identified in the Reforma region as well and this unit is suitable to serve as a clay liner to prevent leaks for new and existing wetland systems. These newly discovered geologic resources should aid in the improvement of subsurface flow constructed wetlands in the region. Although problems do exist in these wetlands with respect to design, these systems represent a successful implementation of constructed wetlands at a community level in developing regions.
C1 George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Chicago, IL 60607 USA.
US EPA, Water Div, Chicago, IL 60604 USA.
James Madison Univ, Dept Geol & Environm Sci, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Krekeler, MPS (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Policy, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM mark.krekeler@gmail.com
NR 55
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 10
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0943-0105
J9 ENVIRON GEOL
JI Environ. Geol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 53
IS 4
BP 709
EP 726
DI 10.1007/s00254-007-0684-z
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources
GA 234EC
UT WOS:000251142500001
ER
PT J
AU Collins, C
White, JC
Rock, S
AF Collins, Chris
White, Jason C.
Rock, Steve
TI Plant uptake of organic chemicals: Current developments and
recommendations for future research
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID SOILS
C1 Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England.
Connecticut Agr Expt Stn, New Haven, CT 06504 USA.
US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Collins, C (reprint author), Univ Reading, Reading, Berks, England.
RI Collins, Chris/F-3858-2011
OI Collins, Chris/0000-0002-8282-2803
NR 16
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 7
PU SOC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 12
BP 2465
EP 2466
DI 10.1897/07-311.1
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 231OQ
UT WOS:000250959300001
PM 18020699
ER
PT J
AU Mcconnell, LL
Rice, CP
Hapeman, CJ
Drakeford, L
Harman-Fetcho, JA
Bialek, K
Fulton, MH
Leight, AK
Allen, G
AF Mcconnell, Laura L.
Rice, Clifford P.
Hapeman, Cathleen J.
Drakeford, Leticia
Harman-Fetcho, Jennifer A.
Bialek, Krystyna
Fulton, Michael H.
Leight, Andrew K.
Allen, Gregory
TI Agricultural pesticides and selected degradation products in five tidal
regions and the main stem of Chesapeake Bay, USA
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Plant Uptake of Organic Pollutants
CY NOV, 2005
CL Baltimore, MD
SP SETAC
DE chesapeake bay; pesticides; herbicides; metolachlor; atrazine
ID SUSQUEHANNA RIVER; PATUXENT RIVER; ATRAZINE; HERBICIDE; SOIL;
METOLACHLOR; DEPOSITION; MOVEMENT; ALACHLOR; LOADINGS
AB Nutrients, sediment, and toxics from water sources and the surrounding airshed are major problems contributing to poor water quality in many regions of the Chesapeake Bay, an important estuary located in the mid-Atlantic region of the United States. During the early spring of 2000, surface water samples were collected for pesticide analysis from 18 stations spanning the Chesapeake Bay. In a separate effort from July to September of 2004, 61 stations within several tidal regions were characterized with respect to 21 pesticides and 11 of their degradation products. Three regions were located on the agricultural Delmarva Peninsula: The Chester, Nanticoke, and Pocomoke Rivers. Two regions were located on the more urban western shore: The Rhode and South Rivers and the Lower Mobjack Bay, including the Back and Poquoson Rivers. In both studies, herbicides and their degradation products were the most frequently detected chemicals. In 2000, atrazine and metolachlor were found at all 18 stations. In 2004, the highest parent herbicide concentrations were found in the upstream region of Chester River. The highest concentration for any analyte in these studies was for the ethane sulfonic acid of metolachlor (MESA) at 2,900 ng/L in the Nanticoke River. The degradation product MESA also had the greatest concentration of any analyte in the Pocomoke River (2,100 ng/L) and in the Chester River (1,200 ng/L). In the agricultural tributaries, herbicide degradation product concentrations were more strongly correlated with salinity than the parent herbicides. In the two nonagricultural watersheds on the western shore, no gradient in herbicide concentrations was observed, indicating the pesticide source to these areas was water from the Bay main stem.
C1 USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Natl Ocean Serv, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Oxford, MD 21654 USA.
US EPA, Chesapeake Bay Program Off, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA.
RP Mcconnell, LL (reprint author), USDA ARS, Environm Management & Byprod Utilizat Lab, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM aura.mcconnell@ars.usda.gov
NR 33
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 2
U2 14
PU SOC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 12
BP 2567
EP 2578
DI 10.1897/06-655.1
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 231OQ
UT WOS:000250959300012
PM 18020682
ER
PT J
AU Lake, JL
Ryba, SA
Serbst, J
Brown, CF
Gibson, L
AF Lake, James L.
Ryba, Stephan A.
Serbst, Jonathan
Brown, Charles F.
Gibson, Lori
TI Mercury and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen in mink
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Plant Uptake of Organic Pollutants
CY NOV, 2005
CL Baltimore, MD
SP SETAC
DE mercury; mink; mustela vison; carbon/nitrogen stable isotopes; wildlife
ID ECOLOGICAL RISK-ASSESSMENT; OTTER LONTRA-CANADENSIS; LARGE
RIVER-RESERVOIR; FRESH-WATER FISH; MUSTELA-VISON; WILD MINK;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; FOOD-CHAINS; MARINE; METHYLMERCURY
AB Total Hg concentrations and values of stable isotopes (delta N-15, delta C-13) in tissues of mink (Mustela vison) captured in Rhode Island (USA) during winters of 1999 to 2004 were statistically distinct based on location. Mink captured in salt marsh environments (salt marsh group mink [SMGM]) had significantly lower mean Hg concentrations in liver and muscle tissue, and significantly higher delta N-15 and delta C-13 values in muscle, than those in corresponding samples of mink from upland freshwater locations (upland group mink [UPGM]). Stomach content samples obtained from the mink carcasses showed that fish, frogs, and crayfish were the dominant food items in UPGM, but in SMGM, fish predominated. Significant correlations were found for total Hg concentrations and stable isotope values between stomach contents and tissues. Comparisons of increases in Hg concentrations and delta N-15 values from stomach contents to muscle tissue showed nonsignificant differences between UPGM and SMGM for Hg concentrations (SMGM, factor of 4.2; UPGM, factor of 3.9) and delta N-15 values (SMGM, difference of 3.9%; UPGM, difference of 3.1%). These results suggest that the length of the trophic step and the extent of accumulation of Hg were approximately equal in both mink groups despite the differences in dietary composition and possible differences in accumulation of organic and inorganic Hg. The correspondence of stable isotope values and Hg concentrations between mink tissues and their stomach contents indicates that use of stomach content analysis to identify major prey items, followed by collection and analysis of appropriate field prey, may represent an approach for estimating Hg exposure to mink.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
Rhode Isl Dept Environm Management, Div Fish & Wildlife, Kingston, RI 02892 USA.
RP Lake, JL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tazwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM lake.jim@epa.gov
NR 41
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 11
PU SOC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 12
BP 2611
EP 2619
DI 10.1897/06-607.1
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 231OQ
UT WOS:000250959300017
PM 18020681
ER
PT J
AU Biales, AD
Bencic, DC
Lazorchak, JL
Lattier, DL
AF Biales, Adam D.
Bencic, David C.
Lazorchak, Jim L.
Lattier, David L.
TI A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method for the
analysis of vitellogenin transcripts in model and nonmodel fish species
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Conference on Plant Uptake of Organic Pollutants
CY NOV, 2005
CL Baltimore, MD
SP SETAC
DE real time; vitellogenin; endocrine disrupting compounds; estrogen;
primers
ID MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; TROUT ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; RAINBOW-TROUT;
SIBERIAN STURGEON; LARGEMOUTH BASS; FATHEAD MINNOW; RT-PCR;
QUANTIFICATION; DISRUPTION; EXPRESSION
AB The measurement of vitellogenin (vtg) gene transcription has been shown to be a reliable indicator of exposure to estrogenic compounds. Unfortunately, the relatively poor molecular characterization of North American fish species has hindered its application to a larger number of ecologically important species. The current research aimed to demonstrate specific amplification of vtg gene transcripts in three model (zebrafish, rainbow trout, and medaka) and six nonmodel (emerald shiner, pearl dace, smallmouth bass, creek chub, white sucker, and golden redhorse) fish species. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR) primers for model species were designed from publicly available vtg sequences. Successful amplification of vtg was demonstrated in fish exposed to 17 alpha-ethinylestradiol (EE2) for all model species. Vitellogenin primers for selected nonmodel species were designed from published sequences of closely related species. Multiple primers were developed targeting different regions of the vtg gene. The successful amplification of vtg was confirmed through size and sequence analysis for all nonmodel species with the exception of the white sucker, in which amplifications failed. Furthermore, QPCR primers and conditions were quantitative over five orders of magnitude in at least one species (pearl dace) exposed to 5 ng/L of EE2 for 24 h. The selected species are found in a wide array of ecological habitats that span the United States. Inclusion of vtg transcriptional analysis for wild, ecologically relevant fish in monitoring studies may aid in understanding the extent of estrogenic exposure in aquatic ecosystems across the United States.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Lattier, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Mail Stop 642, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM lattier.david@epa.gov
NR 38
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 14
PU SOC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 12
BP 2679
EP 2686
DI 10.1897/07-101.1
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 231OQ
UT WOS:000250959300024
PM 18020687
ER
PT J
AU Hoffman, JC
Bronk, DA
Olney, JE
AF Hoffman, Joel C.
Bronk, Deborah A.
Olney, John E.
TI Contribution of allochthonous carbon to American shad production in the
Mattaponi River, Virginia, using stable isotopes
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Article
ID FRESH-WATER; FOOD WEBS; YORK RIVER; ORGANIC-MATTER; ESTUARY; GROWTH;
FRACTIONATION; MARINE; LARVAE; BAY
AB Our objective was to quantify the contribution of autochthonous, locally-produced phytoplankton, and allochthonous, terrestrial-derived organic matter (OM) to the production of young-of-year (YOY) American shad (Alosa sapidissima) using stable isotopes. We measured the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of YOY American shad in the tidal fresh water of the Mattaponi River, a tributary in the York River estuary, during three consecutive years. The isotopic ratios of larval American shad varied among years, indicating a switch from reliance on a primarily autochthonous food web pathway during low and moderate discharge years (50-90%; 2002, 2004) to a primarily allochthonous pathway during a high discharge year (< 35% phytoplankton; 2003). Reliance on phytoplankton by larval fish declined exponentially with increasing Mattaponi River discharge. In 2003, juvenile production was also supported by allochthonous OM, though autochthonous phytoplankton accounted for an increasingly large fraction during June through August, up to 40-55%. We also found a long-term, positive relationship between the duration of above average flow during April through June in the Mattaponi River and a corresponding index of juvenile American shad abundance. The largest American shad cohort recorded since 1967 was observed in 2003, a high discharge year. The production of this cohort was largely supported by allochthonous OM. The results suggest an important link between river discharge, energy flow, and recruitment, wherein high discharge favors reliance on terrestrial carbon by YOY American shad, owing to changes in zooplankton diet, macroinvertebrate abundance, or both, and also favors high American shad abundance.
C1 [Hoffman, Joel C.; Bronk, Deborah A.; Olney, John E.] Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA.
RP Hoffman, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM Hoffman.Joel@epa.gov
NR 47
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 30
IS 6
BP 1034
EP 1048
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 258TE
UT WOS:000252891600011
ER
PT J
AU Mudipalli, A
AF Mudipalli, Anuradha
TI Lead hepatotoxicity & potential health effects
SO INDIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE biochemical mechanisms; Chelation therapy; hepatotoxicity; lead
poisoning
ID LIVER-CELL PROLIFERATION; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE;
NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PROTEIN-KINASE-C; DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC-ACID;
NITRATE-TREATED RATS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; GENE-EXPRESSION;
CHELATION-THERAPY; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE
AB Occupational and environmental exposures to lead (Pb), one of the toxic metal pollutants, is of global concern. Health risks are increasingly associated with environmental exposures to Pb emissions from, for example, the widespread use of leaded gasoline in developing countries. Exposure occurs mainly through the respiratory and gastrointestinal systems, and the ingested and absorbed Pb is stored primarily in soft tissues and bone. Autopsy studies of Pb-exposed patients have shown a large amount (similar to 33%) of the absorbed Pb in soft tissue stored in liver. In addition to neuronal encephalopathy observed in persons after exposure to very high concentrations of Pb, gastrointestinal colic (abdominal pain, constipation, intestinal paralysis) is a consistent early symptom of Pb poisoning in humans. Such severe gastrointestinal effects are consistently observed in patients with a blood Pb range of 30 to 80 mu g/dl. Ingestion of Pb is one of the primary causes of its hepatotoxic effects. Hepatocarcinogenic effects of Pb reported in animal toxicology studies have led to new research into the biochemical and molecular aspects of Pb toxicology. Gains in the molecular understanding of Pb effects on hepatic drug metabolizing enzymes, cholesterol metabolism, oxidative stress, and hepatic hyperplasia suggest a potential role for Pb in damaging extrahepatic systems, including the cardiovascular system. This review also discusses the therapeutic potential of chelation therapy in treating Pb-induced hepatotoxicity in animals.
C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP Div, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Mudipalli, A (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP Div, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop B243-02,Res Triangle Pk, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM Mudipalli.anu@epa.gov
NR 78
TC 80
Z9 84
U1 4
U2 10
PU INDIAN COUNCIL MEDICAL RES
PI NEW DELHI
PA PO BOX 4911 ANSARI NAGAR, NEW DELHI 110029, INDIA
SN 0971-5916
J9 INDIAN J MED RES
JI Indian J. Med. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 126
IS 6
BP 518
EP 527
PG 10
WC Immunology; Medicine, General & Internal; Medicine, Research &
Experimental
SC Immunology; General & Internal Medicine; Research & Experimental
Medicine
GA 260QV
UT WOS:000253026100006
PM 18219078
ER
PT J
AU Lytle, DA
Chen, AS
Sorg, TJ
Phillips, S
French, K
AF Lytle, Darren A.
Chen, Abraham S.
Sorg, Thomas J.
Phillips, Sara
French, Ken
TI Microbial As(III) oxidation in water treatment plant filters
SO JOURNAL AMERICAN WATER WORKS ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ARSENIC REMOVAL; FERRIHYDRITE; COAGULATION; REDUCTION; BACTERIA; RATES
AB Arsenic exists in two oxidation states in water-arsenite [As(III)] and arsenate [As(V)]. As(III) is relatively mobile in water and difficult to remove by arsenic-removal treatment processes. Source waters that contain As(III) must add a strong oxidant such as free chlorine or permanganate to oxidize the arsenic. This article highlights an Ohio treatment plant where natural bacteria in the source water concentrate in filters and oxidize As(III), eliminating the need for a strong oxidant ahead of filtration. Microbial filtration also provides secondary benefits such as reduced chemical-handling issues, maintenance of nitrification capacity in the filters, elimination of nitrification potential in the distribution system, and reduced chlorine demand in the finished water.
Microbial treatment of drinking water is not widely accepted in the United States. Results of this research demonstrated that As(III) oxidation and its subsequent removal can occur microbially, offering an alternative, nonchemical approach to As(III) oxidation and a safe and relatively simple means of meeting the arsenic drinking water standard.
C1 [Lytle, Darren A.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Chen, Abraham S.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
[Sorg, Thomas J.] US EPA, Cincinnati, OH USA.
[Phillips, Sara] Miami Univ, Dept Environm Policy, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
[French, Ken] Greene Cty Sanitary Engn, Beavercreek, OH USA.
RP Lytle, DA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM lytle.darren@epa.gov
NR 42
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 2
U2 15
PU AMER WATER WORKS ASSOC
PI DENVER
PA 6666 W QUINCY AVE, DENVER, CO 80235 USA
SN 0003-150X
J9 J AM WATER WORKS ASS
JI J. Am. Water Work Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 12
BP 72
EP 86
PG 15
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 244DR
UT WOS:000251846700012
ER
PT J
AU Stork, LG
Gennings, C
Carter, WH
Johnson, RE
Mays, DP
Simmons, JE
Wagner, ED
Plewa, MJ
AF Stork, LeAnna G.
Gennings, Chris
Carter, Walter H., Jr.
Johnson, Robert E.
Mays, Darcy P.
Simmons, Jane Ellen
Wagner, Elizabeth D.
Plewa, Michael J.
TI Testing for additivity in chemical mixtures using a fixed-ratio ray
design and statistical equivalence testing methods
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE antagonism; enhanced toxicity; risk assessment; synergism
ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; QUASI-LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS; DRINKING-WATER;
THRESHOLD; MODELS; CYTOTOXICITY; EXPOSURE; TRIALS
AB Fixed-ratio ray designs have been used for detecting and characterizing interactions of large numbers of chemicals in combination. Single-chemical dose-response data are used to predict an "additivity curve" along an environmentally relevant ray. A "mixture curve" is estimated from the mixture dose response data along the ray. A test of additivity is equivalent to a test of coincidence of these two curves, which is based on the traditional hypothesis testing framework that assumes additivity in the null hypothesis and rejects with evidence of interaction. However, failure to reject may be due to lack of statistical power, making the claim of additivity problematic. As a solution we have developed rigorous methodology to test for additivity using statistical equivalence testing logic in which additivity is claimed based on pre-specified biologically important additivity margins, if the data support such a claim. Using the principle of confidence interval inclusion, a confidence region about the difference of meaningful functions of model parameters from the mixture model and that predicted under additivity is computed. When the confidence region is completely contained within the additivity margins then additivity is claimed with a Type I error rate chosen a priori to be some acceptably small value. The method is illustrated using an environmentally relevant fixed-ratio mixture of nine haloacetic acids where cytotoxic response is measured.
C1 Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA.
Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA USA.
Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Stat Sci & Operat Res, Richmond, VA USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ Illinois, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
RP Stork, LG (reprint author), Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO 63167 USA.
EM leanna.g.stork@monsanto.com
NR 36
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 8
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC & INT BIOMETRIC SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 I ST NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 1085-7117
J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST
JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 12
IS 4
BP 514
EP 533
DI 10.1198/108571107X249816
PG 20
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology; Mathematics
GA 232AI
UT WOS:000250990100006
ER
PT J
AU Blum, MJ
Bando, KJ
Katz, M
Strong, DR
AF Blum, Michael J.
Bando, K. Jun
Katz, M.
Strong, Donald R.
TI Geographic structure, genetic diversity and source tracking of Spartina
alterniflora
SO JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE admixture; biological invasions; hybridization; intertidal; North
America; phylogeography; secondary spread; smooth cordgrass; Spartina
alterniflora
ID SAN-FRANCISCO BAY; SALT-MARSH; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; GULF COASTS;
MULTILOCUS GENOTYPES; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; CHLOROPLAST DNA; SPECIES
POACEAE; INVASION; ATLANTIC
AB Aim To examine the distribution and structure of genetic variation among native Spartina alterniflora and to characterize the evolutionary mechanisms underlying the success of non-native S. alterniflora.
Location Intertidal marshes along the Atlantic, Gulf and Pacific coasts of North America.
Methods amova, parsimony analysis, haplotype networks of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences, neighbour-joining analysis, Bayesian analysis of population structure, and individual assignment testing were used.
Results Low levels of gene flow and geographic patterns of genetic variation were found among native S. alterniflora from the Atlantic and Gulf coasts of North America. The distribution of cpDNA haplotypes indicates that Atlantic coast S. alterniflora are subdivided into 'northern' and 'southern' groups. Variation observed at microsatellite loci further suggests that mid-Atlantic S. alterniflora are differentiated from S. alterniflora found in southern Atlantic and New England coastal marshes. Comparisons between native populations on the Atlantic and Gulf coasts and non-native Pacific coast populations substantiate prior studies demonstrating reciprocal interspecific hybridization in San Francisco Bay. Our results corroborate historical evidence that S. alterniflora was introduced into Willapa Bay from multiple source populations. However, we found that some Willapa Bay S. alterniflora are genetically divergent from putative sources, probably as a result of admixture following secondary contact among previously allopatric native populations. We further recovered evidence in support of models suggesting that S. alterniflora has secondarily spread within Washington State, from Willapa Bay to Grays Harbor.
Main conclusions Underlying genetic structure has often been cited as a factor contributing to ecological variation of native S. alterniflora. Patterns of genetic structure within native S. alterniflora may be the result of environmental differences among biogeographical provinces, of migration barriers, or of responses to historical conditions. Interactions among these factors, rather than one single factor, may best explain the distribution of genetic variation among native S. alterniflora. Comprehensive genetic comparisons of native and introduced populations can illustrate how biological invasions may result from dramatically different underlying factors - some of which might otherwise go unrecognized. Demonstrating that invasions can result from several independent or interacting mechanisms is important for improving risk assessment and future forecasting. Further research on S. alterniflora not only may clarify what forces structure native populations, but also may improve the management of nonnative populations by enabling post-introduction genetic changes and the rapid evolution of life-history traits to be more successfully exploited.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mol Ecol Res Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Genom Variat Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sect Evolut & Ecol, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
RP Blum, MJ (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
EM mjblum@tulane.edu
NR 60
TC 46
Z9 50
U1 6
U2 50
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0305-0270
J9 J BIOGEOGR
JI J. Biogeogr.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 12
BP 2055
EP 2069
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2699.2007.01764.x
PG 15
WC Ecology; Geography, Physical
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography
GA 231JF
UT WOS:000250942200006
ER
PT J
AU Froede, CR
AF Froede, Carl R., Jr.
TI Elevated waves erode the western end of the recently completed sand berm
on dauphin island, Alabama (USA)
SO JOURNAL OF COASTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Dauphin island; Hurrican katrina; storm waves; sand berm; eroding beach;
microtidal; barrier island
AB FROEDE, C.R., JR., 2007. Elevated waves erode the western end of the recently completed Sand berm on Dauphin Island, Alabama (U.S.A.). Journal of Coastal Research, 23(6), 1602-1604. West Palm Beach (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.
Dauphin island is a microtidal barrier island located approximately 8.0 km offshore from southwestern Alabama (U.S.A.). Morphological changes to the island, brought about by passing tropical storms and hurricanes, have been noted since it was first settled in 1699. On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina (a Category 3 hurricane) made landfall approximately 117 km west of Dauphin Island. Despite the extended distance, the storm impacted the island with waves that completely overwashed and flattened most of the western low-lying areas. The hurricane also segmented Dauphin Island into two distinct barrier islands, the undeveloped Dauphin Island West, and the residentially developed Dauphin Island East. Immediately following the storm, the Town of Dauphin Island recognized the need to take action to protect low-lying residential property on the western segment of Dauphin Island East. Sand berm construction began on January 29, 2007. The 6.4-km-long berm is to provide sufficient time to allow the Town of Dauphin Island to identify and possibly implement a more permanent solution to storm erosion along the low-lying western residential portion of the island before the sand wall will be lost. However, the western end of the sand berm experienced significant erosion due to elevated tides before construction was completed in May 2007. Several segments of the sand berm within this area have been completely lost while other sections are experiencing ongoing erosion. Under these conditions, the Town of Dauphin Island does not have much time to identify and implement one or more long-term solutions to beach erosion and property loss for the western segment of Dauphin Island East.
C1 US EPA, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
RP Froede, CR (reprint author), US EPA, Reg 4,61 Forsyth St, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM froede.carl@epa.gov
NR 3
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU COASTAL EDUCATION & RESEARCH FOUNDATION
PI LAWRENCE
PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA
SN 0749-0208
J9 J COASTAL RES
JI J. Coast. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 23
IS 6
BP 1602
EP 1604
DI 10.2112/07A-0019.1
PG 3
WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical; Geosciences,
Multidisciplinary
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography; Geology
GA 233WJ
UT WOS:000251120700027
ER
PT J
AU Hilal, SH
Saravanaraj, AN
Whiteside, T
Carreira, LA
AF Hilal, S. H.
Saravanaraj, A. N.
Whiteside, T.
Carreira, L. A.
TI Calculating physical properties of organic compounds for environmental
modeling from molecular structure
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER-AIDED MOLECULAR DESIGN
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 232nd National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society
CY SEP 10-14, 2006
CL San Francisco, CA
SP Amer Chem Soc
DE physical properties; molecular interaction; vapor pressure; activity
coefficient; partition coefficients; SPARC; SAR
ID WATER PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; CHEMICAL-REACTIVITY; SOLUBILITY;
PREDICTION
AB Mathematical models for predicting the transport and fate of pollutants in the environment require reactivity parameter values - that is the value of the physical and chemical constants that govern reactivity. Although empirical structure-activity relationships have been developed that allow estimation of some constants, such relationships are generally valid only within limited families of chemicals. The computer program, SPARC, uses computational algorithms based on fundamental chemical structure theory to estimate a large number of chemical reactivity parameters and physical properties for a wide range of organic molecules strictly from molecular structure. Resonance models were developed and calibrated using measured light absorption spectra, whereas electrostatic interaction models were developed using measured ionization pK(a)s in water. Solvation models (i.e., dispersion, induction, H-bonding, etc.) have been developed using various measured physical properties data. At the present time, SPARC's physical property models can predict vapor pressure and heat of vaporization (as a function of temperature), boiling point (as a function of pressure), diffusion coefficient (as a function of pressure and temperature), activity coefficient, solubility, partition coefficient and chromatographic retention time as a function of solvent and temperature. This prediction capability crosses chemical family boundaries to cover a broad range of organic compounds.
C1 [Hilal, S. H.] US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30613 USA.
[Saravanaraj, A. N.; Whiteside, T.; Carreira, L. A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Chem, Athens, GA USA.
RP Hilal, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30613 USA.
EM hilal.said@epa.gov
NR 28
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 14
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-654X
J9 J COMPUT AID MOL DES
JI J. Comput.-Aided Mol. Des.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 12
BP 693
EP 708
DI 10.1007/s10822-007-9134-y
PG 16
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Computer Science,
Interdisciplinary Applications
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Computer Science
GA 243WH
UT WOS:000251827500006
PM 17989931
ER
PT J
AU Agarwal, S
Al-Abed, SR
Dionysiou, DD
AF Agarwal, Shirish
Al-Abed, Souhail R.
Dionysiou, Dionysios D.
TI In situ technologies for reclamation of PCB-Contaminated sediments:
Current challenges and research thrust areas
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID REDUCE PCB; CARBON; INCIDENT; DIOXINS; HEALTH
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
RP Al-Abed, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM al-abed.souhail@epa.gov; dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu
NR 20
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 6
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9372
J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE
JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 12
BP 1075
EP 1078
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2007)133:12(1075)
PG 4
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 233DA
UT WOS:000251069400001
ER
PT J
AU Lewis, H
AF Lewis, Harry
TI Pollution prevention and community environmental health: Opening doors
through cooperation and partnerships
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US EPA, Renewed Environm Program, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Pollut Prevent Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Lewis, H (reprint author), US EPA, Renewed Environm Program, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Pollut Prevent Div, 1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM lewis.harry@epa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC
PI DENVER
PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA
SN 0022-0892
J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH
JI J. Environ. Health
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 5
BP 45
EP 46
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 238GZ
UT WOS:000251436800008
PM 18189040
ER
PT J
AU Bateson, TF
Coull, BA
Hubbell, B
Ito, K
Jerrett, M
Lumley, T
Thomas, D
Vedal, S
Ross, M
AF Bateson, Thomas F.
Coull, Brent A.
Hubbell, Bryan
Ito, Kazuhiko
Jerrett, Michael
Lumley, Thomas
Thomas, Duncan
Vedal, Sverre
Ross, Mary
TI Panel discussion review: session three - issues involved in
interpretation of epidemiologic analyses - statistical modeling
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant
Exposure and Health Effects
CY DEC 13-14, 2006
CL Chapel Hill, NC
SP Natl Ctr Environm Assessment Res Triangle Pk Div
DE epidemiology; air pollution; particulate matter; measurement error;
confounding; spatial analysis
ID EXPOSURE MEASUREMENT ERROR; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; TIME-SERIES;
DAILY MORTALITY; US CITIES; HEALTH; ASSOCIATION; UNCERTAINTY; CHILDREN;
GEOGRAPHIES
AB The Clean Air Act mandates that the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) develop National Ambient Air Quality Standards for criteria air pollutants and conduct periodic reviews of the standards based on new scientific evidence. In recent reviews, evidence from epidemiologic studies has played a key role. Epidemiologic studies often provide evidence for effects of several air pollutants. Determining whether there are independent effects of the separate pollutants is a challenge. Among the many issues confronting the interpretation of epidemiologic studies of multi-pollutant exposures and health effects are those specifically related to statistical modeling. The EPA convened a workshop on 13 and 14 December 2006 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA, to discuss these and other issues; Session Three of the workshop was devoted specifically to statistical modeling. Prominent statistical modeling issues in epidemiologic studies of air pollution include (1) measurement error across the co-pollutants; (2) correlation and multi-collinearity among the co-pollutants; (3) the timing of the concentration-response function; (4) confounding; and (5) spatial analyses. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily respect the views of policies of the US Environmental Protection Agency.
C1 [Bateson, Thomas F.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Coull, Brent A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
[Hubbell, Bryan] US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Ito, Kazuhiko] NYU, Sch Med, Nelson Inst Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA.
[Jerrett, Michael] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
[Lumley, Thomas] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Thomas, Duncan] Univ So California, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA USA.
[Vedal, Sverre] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
[Ross, Mary] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Bateson, TF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave,NW,Mail Code 8623D, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM bateson.thomas@epa.gov
OI Hubbell, Bryan/0000-0002-7963-3438
NR 45
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 6
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S90
EP S96
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500631
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900013
PM 18079770
ER
PT J
AU Brown, JS
Graham, JA
Chen, LC
Postlethwait, EM
Ghio, AJ
Foster, WM
Gordon, T
AF Brown, James S.
Graham, Judith A.
Chen, Lung Chi
Postlethwait, Edward M.
Ghio, Andrew J.
Foster, W. Michael
Gordon, Terry
TI Panel discussion review: session four - assessing biological
plausibility of epidemiological findings in air pollution research
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant
Exposure and Health Effects
CY DEC 13-14, 2006
CL Chapel Hill, NC
SP Natl Ctr Environm Assessment Res Triangle Pk Div
DE air pollution; mixtures; particulate matter; ozone; nitrogen oxides;
sulfur dioxide
ID CONCENTRATED AMBIENT PARTICLES; EPITHELIAL LINING FLUID; SULFURIC-ACID;
PULMONARY RESPONSES; HUMAN LUNG; SUBCHRONIC EXPOSURES; TRIANGULAR
PROFILES; MEMBRANE OXIDATION; OZONE EXPOSURE; SQUARE-WAVE
AB In December 2006, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) sponsored a 2-day workshop on "Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant Exposure and Health Effects'' in Chapel Hill, NC. The final session at this workshop was devoted to assessing the biological plausibility of epidemiological findings with regard to criteria air pollutants. The presentations and the panel contributions of this last session primarily focused on controlled exposure studies and led to wide-ranging discussions, some of which were provocative. The panel summary provides some guidance to future evaluations of the biological plausibility of the epidemiological reports on criteria pollutants and is intended to stimulate thinking, without drawing any definitive conclusions. This paper does not approach, nor was it intended to approach, the more formal analytical approach such as that used in EPA's development of its Integrated Science Assessment documents for the criteria pollutants.
C1 [Brown, James S.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Graham, Judith A.] Amer Chem Council, Arlington, VA USA.
[Chen, Lung Chi; Gordon, Terry] NYU, Sch Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY USA.
[Postlethwait, Edward M.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA.
[Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, Human Studies Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Foster, W. Michael] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA.
RP Brown, JS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP, B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Brown.James@epa.gov
RI Cjem, Lung-Chi/H-5030-2012;
OI Chen, Lung Chi/0000-0003-1154-2107
NR 49
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S97
EP S105
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500632
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900014
PM 18079771
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JY
Burnett, RT
Neas, L
Thurston, GD
Schwartz, J
Tolbert, PE
Brunekreef, B
Goldberg, MS
Romieu, I
AF Kim, Jee Young
Burnett, Richard T.
Neas, Lucas
Thurston, George D.
Schwartz, Joel
Tolbert, Paige E.
Brunekreef, Bert
Goldberg, Mark S.
Romieu, Isabelle
TI Panel discussion review: session two - interpretation of observed
associations between multiple ambient air pollutants and health effects
in epidemiologic analyses
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant
Exposure and Health Effects
CY DEC 13-14, 2006
CL Chapel Hill, NC
SP Natl Ctr Environm Assessment Res Triangle Pk Div
DE epidemiology; ambient air pollution; particulate matter; confounding;
source apportionment
ID PM SOURCE APPORTIONMENT; PARTICULATE MATTER; DAILY MORTALITY;
MEASUREMENT-ERROR; CANADIAN CITIES; TIME-SERIES; POLLUTION; COMPONENTS;
PARTICLES; DIOXIDE
AB Air pollution epidemiologic research has often utilized ambient air concentrations measured from centrally located monitors as a surrogate measure of exposure to these pollutants. Associations between these ambient concentrations and health outcomes such as lung function, hospital admissions, and mortality have been examined in short- and long-term cohort studies as well as in time-series and case-crossover studies. The issues related to interpreting the observed associations of ambient air pollutants with health outcomes were discussed at the US EPA sponsored workshop on December 13 and 14, 2006 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA. The second session of this workshop focused on the following topics: ( 1) statistical methodology and study designs that may improve understanding of multipollutant health effects; ( 2) ambient concentrations as surrogate measures of pollutant mixtures; and ( 3) source-focused epidemiologic research. New methodology and approaches to better distinguish the effects of individual pollutants include multicity hierarchical modeling and the use of case-crossover analysis to control for copollutants. An alternative approach is to examine the mixture as a whole using principal component analysis. Another important consideration is to what extent the observed health associations are attributable to individual pollutants, which are often from common sources and are correlated, versus the pollutant mixtures that the pollutants are representing. For example, several ambient air concentrations, such as particulate matter mass, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide, may be serving as surrogate measures of motor vehicle exhaust. Source apportionment analysis is one method that may allow further advancement in understanding the source components that contribute to multipollutant health effects.
C1 [Kim, Jee Young] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Burnett, Richard T.] Hlth Canada, Div Biostat, Environm Hlth Surveillance, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
[Neas, Lucas] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Thurston, George D.] NYU, Inst Environm Med, Dept Environm Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA.
[Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Exposure Epidemiol & Risk Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Tolbert, Paige E.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Brunekreef, Bert] Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
[Goldberg, Mark S.] McGill Univ, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada.
[Romieu, Isabelle] Natl Inst Publ Hlth, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
RP Kim, JY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Mail Drop B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM kim.jee-young@epa.gov
RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012; Tolbert, Paige/A-5676-2015;
OI brunekreef, bert/0000-0001-9908-0060
NR 29
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S83
EP S89
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500623
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900012
PM 18079769
ER
PT J
AU Kim, JY
Grant, LD
Burnett, RT
AF Kim, Jee Young
Grant, Lester D.
Burnett, Richard T.
TI Special issue on interpretation of epidemiologic studies of
multipollutant ambient air exposure and health effects
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 [Kim, Jee Young] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Burnett, Richard T.] Hlth Canada, Safe Environm Directorate, Ottawa, ON K1A 0L2, Canada.
RP Kim, JY (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, RTP Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM kim.jee-young@epa.gov
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S1
EP S1
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500622
PG 1
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900001
ER
PT J
AU Sarnat, JA
Wilson, WE
Strand, M
Brook, J
Wyzga, R
Lumley, T
AF Sarnat, Jeremy A.
Wilson, William E.
Strand, Matthew
Brook, Jeff
Wyzga, Ron
Lumley, Thomas
TI Panel discussion review: session one - exposure assessment and related
errors in air pollution epidemiologic studies
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant
Exposure and Health Effects
CY DEC 13-14, 2006
CL Chapel Hill, NC
SP Natl Ctr Environm Assessment Res Triangle Pk Div
DE exposure error; nitrogen dioxide; sulfur dioxide; particulate matter;
surrogate; personal exposure
ID HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; PARTICULATE MATTER EPIDEMIOLOGY; PERSONAL
EXPOSURE; OUTDOOR CONCENTRATIONS; PULMONARY-DISEASE; AMBIENT; PARTICLES;
CHILDREN; COMPONENTS; BALTIMORE
AB Examining the validity of exposure metrics used in air pollution epidemiologic models has been a key focus of recent exposure assessment studies. The objective of this work has been, largely, to determine what a given exposure metric represents and to quantify and reduce any potential errors resulting from using these metrics in lieu of true exposure measurements. The current manuscript summarizes the presentations of the co-authors from a recent EPA workshop, held in December 2006, dealing with the role and contributions of exposure assessment in addressing these issues. Results are presented from US and Canadian exposure and pollutant measurement studies as well as theoretical simulations to investigate what both particulate and gaseous pollutant concentrations represent and the potential errors resulting from their use in air pollution epidemiologic studies. Quantifying the association between ambient pollutant concentrations and corresponding personal exposures has led to the concept of de. ning attenuation factors, or a. Specifically, characterizing pollutant-specific estimates for a was shown to be useful in developing regression calibration methods involving PM epidemiologic risk estimates. For some gaseous pollutants such as NO2 and SO2, the associations between ambient concentrations and personal exposures were shown to be complex and still poorly understood. Results from recent panel studies suggest that ambient NO2 measurements may, in some locations, be serving as surrogates to traffic pollutants, including traffic-related PM2.5, hopanes, steranes, and oxidized nitrogen compounds (rather than NO2).
C1 [Sarnat, Jeremy A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Wilson, William E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Strand, Matthew] Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Div Biostat, Denver, CO USA.
[Wyzga, Ron] Elect Power Res Inst, Palo Alto, CA USA.
[Lumley, Thomas] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Sarnat, JA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
EM jsarnat@sph.emory.edu
NR 37
TC 24
Z9 25
U1 2
U2 9
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S75
EP S82
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500621
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900011
PM 18079768
ER
PT J
AU Schwartz, J
Sarnat, JA
Coull, BA
Wilson, WE
AF Schwartz, Joel
Sarnat, Jeremy A.
Coull, Brent A.
Wilson, William E.
TI Effects of exposure measurement error on particle matter epidemiology: a
simulation using data from a panel study in Baltimore, MD
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant
Exposure and Health Effects
CY DEC 13-14, 2006
CL Chapel Hill, NC
SP Natl Ctr Environm Assessment Res Triangle Pk Div
DE particles; air pollution; mortality; time series; measurement error
ID PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; INCREASED MORTALITY; EUROPEAN CITIES;
TIME-SERIES; AMBIENT; COMPONENTS; RISK; ADMISSIONS; PROJECT; BLOOD
AB Ascertaining the true risk associated with exposure to particulate matter ( PM) is difficult, given the fact that pollutant components are frequently correlated with each other and with other gaseous pollutants; relationships between ambient concentrations and personal exposures are often not well understood; and PM, unlike its gaseous co-pollutants, does not represent a single chemical. In order to examine differences between observed versus true health risk estimates from epidemiologic studies, we conducted a simulation using data from a recent multi-pollutant exposure assessment study in Baltimore, MD. The objectives of the simulation were twofold: ( a) to estimate the distribution of personal air pollutant exposures one might expect to observe within a population, given the corresponding ambient concentrations found in that location and; (b) using an assumed true health risk with exposure to one pollutant, to estimate the distribution of health risk estimates likely to be observed in an epidemiologic study using ambient pollutant concentrations as a surrogate of exposure as compared with actual personal pollutant exposures. Results from the simulations showed that PM2.5 was the only pollutant where a true association with its total personal exposures resulted in a significant observed association with its ambient concentrations. The simulated results also showed that true health risks associated with personal exposure to O-3 and NO2 would result in no significant observed associations with any of their respective ambient concentrations. Conversely, a true association with PM2.5 would result in a significant, observed association with NO2 (beta = 0.0115, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.0056, 0.0185) and a true association with exposure to SO42- would result in an observed significant association with O3 (beta = 0.0035, 95% CI: 0.0021, 0.0051) given the covariance of the ambient pollutant concentrations. The results provide an indication that, in Baltimore during this study period, ambient gaseous concentrations may not have been adequate surrogates for corresponding personal gaseous exposures to allow the question to be investigated using central site monitors. Alternatively, the findings may suggest that in some locations, observed associations with the gaseous pollutants should be interpreted with caution, as they may be reflecting associations with PM or one of its chemical components.
C1 [Schwartz, Joel] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
[Sarnat, Jeremy A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Coull, Brent A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA.
[Wilson, William E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Schwartz, J (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 401 Pk Dr,Suite 415 W,POB 15677, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
EM jschwrtz@hsph.harvard.edu
RI Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014
NR 27
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 7
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S2
EP S10
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500619
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900002
PM 18079760
ER
PT J
AU Van De Sandt, JJM
Dellarco, M
Van Hemmen, JJ
AF Van De Sandt, Johannes J. M.
Dellarco, Mike.
Van Hemmen, Joop J.
TI From dermal exposure to internal dose
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE bioavailability; dermal exposure; internal dose; modelling; (Q) SAR;
skin absorption
ID IN-VITRO; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; SKIN PERMEABILITY; RISK-ASSESSMENT;
MULTICENTER; PENETRATION; CHEMICALS
AB Exposure scenarios form an essential basis for chemical risk assessment reports under the new EU chemicals regulation REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and restriction of Chemicals). In case the dermal route of exposure is predominant, information on both exposure and dermal bioavailability is necessary for a proper risk assessment. Various methodologies exist to measure dermal exposure, providing quantitative or semiquantitative information. Although these studies may provide very specific and relevant information, it should be realized that case by case in-depth exposure assessment would be a very expensive process. Dermal bioavailability data are most often obtained from in vitro studies or animal experiments. For the design of studies, which generate data relevant for chemical risk assessment, detailed information on the exposure conditions is crucial (skin surface exposed, exposure duration, dose and physical state of the chemical). Results from non-testing methods for skin absorption, such as (Q)SARs, have been used only to a very limited extent for regulatory purposes. Suggestions are made in order to extend the use these methods to dermal risk assessment of chemical substances, thereby improving the practicability of REACH.
C1 [Van De Sandt, Johannes J. M.; Van Hemmen, Joop J.] TNO Qual Life, Zeist, Netherlands.
[Dellarco, Mike.] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Van De Sandt, JJM (reprint author), TNO Qual Life, Dept Food & Chem Risk Anal, PO Box 360, NL-3700 AJ Zeist, Netherlands.
EM han.vandesandt@tno.nl
NR 45
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 2
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 1
BP S38
EP S47
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500579
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 240AH
UT WOS:000251558900007
PM 17440485
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, WE
Mar, TF
Koenig, JQ
AF Wilson, William E.
Mar, Therese F.
Koenig, Jane Q.
TI Influence of exposure error and effect modi. cation by socioeconomic
status on the association of acute cardiovascular mortality with
particulate matter in Phoenix
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Workshop on Interpretation of Epidemiologic Studies of Multipollutant
Exposure and Health Effects
CY DEC 13-14, 2006
CL Chapel Hill, NC
SP Natl Ctr Environm Assessment Res Triangle Pk Div
DE exposure error; particulate matter; socioeconomic status; cardiovascular
mortality; PM
ID LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; AIR-POLLUTION; TIME-SERIES; PARTICLES; FINE;
MODIFIERS; DISEASE; CANADA; CANCER; COHORT
AB Using ZIP code-level mortality data, the association of cardiovascular mortality with PM2.5 and PM10-2.5, measured at a central monitoring site, was determined for three populations at different distances from the monitoring site but with similar numbers of deaths and therefore similar statistical power. The % risk and statistical significance for the association of mortality with PM2.5 fell off with distance from the monitor, as would be expected if exposure error increased with distance. However, the % risk for PM10-2.5 increased in going from the population in Central Phoenix, where the monitoring site was located, to a population in a Middle Ring around Phoenix and fell off in an Outer Ring population. The % risks for the Outer Ring were low for each of the six lag days (0-5) and for the 6-day moving average. The lag structures for PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 also differed for the Central Phoenix and Middle Ring populations. These differences led us to examine the socioeconomic status (SES) of the populations. On the basis of education and income, the population in Central Phoenix had a lower SES than the Middle Ring. Thus, the differences between Central Phoenix and the Middle Ring may be due to effect modi. cation by SES and differences in exposure error. However, the effect modi. cation by SES may be different for thoracic coarse particulate matter (PM) than for. ne PM. This study provides new information on the association of PM10-2.5 with cardiovascular mortality. In the Middle Ring, the % risk per 10 mu g/m(3) increase in PM10-2.5 concentration (lower and upper 95% confidence levels) for lag day 1 was 3.4 (1.0, 5.8) and for the 6-day distributed-lag was 3.8 (0.3, 7.5). The differences in lag structure for PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 provide evidence that the two particle size classes have health effects that are different and independent. This study also helps explain the high % risks for PM2.5 found for Central Phoenix, 6.6 (1.1, 12.5) for lag day 1, and 11.5 (2.8, 20.9) for the 6-day moving average. The smaller area may have a lower exposure error, and the lower SES population may be more susceptible to. ne PM as compared to the larger areas and more heterogeneous populations used in many studies.
C1 [Wilson, William E.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Mar, Therese F.; Koenig, Jane Q.] Univ Washington, Dept Environm Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
RP Wilson, WE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, MD B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM wilson.william@epa.gov
NR 24
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
SU 2
BP S11
EP S19
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500620
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 242UO
UT WOS:000251751900003
PM 18079759
ER
PT J
AU Trebitz, AS
Taylor, DL
AF Trebitz, Anett S.
Taylor, Debra L.
TI Exotic and invasive aquatic plants in great lakes coastal wetlands:
Distribution and relation to watershed land use and plant richness and
cover
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Great Lakes; coastal wetlands; aquatic plants; exotic; invasive;
anthropogenic disturbance; rapid survey
ID LOOSESTRIFE LYTHRUM-SALICARIA; LONG POINT; BASIN; CONSEQUENCES;
DIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; DETERMINANTS; RESTORATION; COMMUNITIES;
VARIABILITY
AB We use data from inundated-area surveys of 58 coastal wetlands spanning a gradient of anthropogenic impacts across all five Laurentian Great Lakes to describe the distribution of nine exotic and invasive taxa of aquatic plants. We found plants that were exotic or have invasive strains to be substantially more prevalent in wetlands in Lakes Erie and Ontario than in Lakes Superior and Huron, with Lake Michigan wetlands intermediate. Najas minor (slender naiad), Butomus umbellatus (flowering rush), and Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (European frogbit) were restricted to the lower lakes and rarely dominant. Myriophyllum spicatum (Eurasian milfoil), Potamogeton crispus (curly pondweed), Lythrum salicaria (purple loosestrife), Phalaris arundinacea (reed canary grass), Phragmites australis (common reed), and Typha sp. (cattail) were more widespread and except for P. crispus, often among the dominant taxa. None of the submerged or floating-leaf exotic taxa were associated with altered total plant cover or richness, although M. spicatum, P. crispus, and native Stuckenia pectinatus (sago pondweed) were positively associated with agricultural intensity in the watershed (a surrogate for nutrient loading). Emergent P. australis, L. salicaria, and Typha were more likely to be present and dominant as agricultural intensity increased, and were associated with elevated emergent cover and decreased emergent genera richness. Effects of dominant taxa on plant cover and richness were readily detected using ordinal data from 100 m inundated segments but were harder to discern with data aggregated to the wetland scale. The sum of shoreline-wide abundance scores for four easily identified taxa (S. pectinata, P. australis, Typha, and L. salicaria) is proposed as a rapidly-measured indicator of anthropogenic disturbance across the Great Lakes.
C1 [Trebitz, Anett S.; Taylor, Debra L.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Mid Contient Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Trebitz, AS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Mid Contient Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM trebitz.anett@epa.gov
NR 51
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 18
U2 121
PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 33
IS 4
BP 705
EP 721
DI 10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[705:EAIAPI]2.0.CO;2
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 252UZ
UT WOS:000252473500001
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Y
Adams, T
Bonta, JV
AF Zhang, Yu
Adams, Thomas
Bonta, James V.
TI Subpixel-scale rainfall variability and the effects on separation of
radar and gauge rainfall errors
SO JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID VERIFICATION; VARIANCE
AB This paper presents an extended error variance separation method (EEVS) that allows explicit partitioning of the variance of the errors in gauge- and radar-based representations of areal rainfall. The implementation of EEVS demonstrated in this study combines a kriging scheme for estimating areal rainfall from gauges with a sampling method for determining the correlation between the gauge- and radar-related errors. On the basis of this framework, this study examines scale- and pixel-dependent impacts of subpixel-scale rainfall variability on the perceived partitioning of error variance for four conterminous Hydrologic Rainfall Analysis Project ( HRAP) pixels in central Ohio with data from Next-Generation Weather Radar (NEXRAD) stage III product and from 11 collocated rain gauges as input. Application of EEVS for 1998-2001 yields proportional contribution of two error terms for July and October for each HRAP pixel and for two fictitious domains containing the gauges ( 4 and 8 km in size). The results illustrate the importance of considering subpixel variation of spatial correlation and how it varies with the size of domain size, number of gauges, and the subpixel locations of gauges. Further comparisons of error variance separation (EVS) and EEVS across pixels results suggest that accounting for structured variations in the spatial correlation under 8 km might be necessary for more accurate delineation of domain-dependent partitioning of error variance, and especially so for the summer months.
C1 [Zhang, Yu] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Adams, Thomas] Natl Weather Serv, Ohio River Forecast Ctr, Wilmington, OH USA.
[Bonta, James V.] USDA ARS, Coshocton, OH USA.
RP Zhang, Y (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM yu.zhang@noaa.gov
NR 19
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1525-755X
J9 J HYDROMETEOROL
JI J. Hydrometeorol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 6
BP 1348
EP 1363
DI 10.1175/2007JHM835.1
PG 16
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 247QT
UT WOS:000252095100010
ER
PT J
AU Trempus, CS
Dang, H
Humble, MM
Wei, SJ
Gerdes, MJ
Morris, RJ
Bortner, CD
Cotsarelis, G
Tennant, RW
AF Trempus, Carol S.
Dang, Hong
Humble, Margaret M.
Wei, Sung-Jen
Gerdes, Michael J.
Morris, Rebecca J.
Bortner, Carl D.
Cotsarelis, George
Tennant, Raymond W.
TI Comprehensive microarray transcriptome profiling of CD34-enriched mouse
keratinocyte stem cells
SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID HAIR FOLLICLE BULGE; ENRICHMENT; EXPRESSION; NICHE; SKIN
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Mol Toxicol Lab, Canc Biol Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Alpha Gamma Technol Inc, Raleigh, NC USA.
NCI, Cellular Carcinogenesis & Tumor Promot Lab, Canc Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Columbia Univ, Dept Dermatol, Med Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Trempus, CS (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Mol Toxicol Lab, Canc Biol Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
EM trempus@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCI NIH HHS [CA97957]
NR 18
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 0022-202X
J9 J INVEST DERMATOL
JI J. Invest. Dermatol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 127
IS 12
BP 2904
EP 2907
DI 10.1038/sj.jid.5700917
PG 4
WC Dermatology
SC Dermatology
GA 235XB
UT WOS:000251266500028
PM 17581618
ER
PT J
AU Namboodiri, VV
Vane, LM
AF Namboodiri, Vasudevan V.
Vane, Leland M.
TI High permeability membranes for the dehydration of low water content
ethanol by pervaporation
SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE pervaporation; poly(allylamine hydrochloride); dehydration; degree of
hydrolysis; PVA
ID COMPOSITE MEMBRANES; VAPOR PERMEATION; ALCOHOL MIXTURES; SILICA
MEMBRANES; PERFORMANCE; SEPARATION
AB Energy efficient dehydration of low water content ethanol is a challenge for the sustainable production of fuel-grade ethanol. Pervaporative membrane dehydration using a recently developed hydrophilic polymer membrane formulation consisting of a cross-linked mixture of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) and a blend of 99 and 88% hydrolyzed poly(vinyl alcohol) is found to be an attractive method. These polymeric membranes possess high water permeabilities at low feed water concentrations (<5 wt%) in ethanol compared to similar membranes in which all of the poly(vinyl alcohol) portion was 99% hydrolyzed. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Namboodiri, Vasudevan V.; Vane, Leland M.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Vane, LM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Vane.Leland@EPA.gov
NR 25
TC 39
Z9 39
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0376-7388
J9 J MEMBRANE SCI
JI J. Membr. Sci.
PD DEC 1
PY 2007
VL 306
IS 1-2
BP 209
EP 215
DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2007.08.050
PG 7
WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science
SC Engineering; Polymer Science
GA 242JZ
UT WOS:000251722700021
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, D
Zeldin, DC
Blackshear, PJ
AF Zhang, Donghui
Zeldin, Darryl C.
Blackshear, Perry J.
TI Regulatory factor X4 variant 3: A transcription factor involved in brain
development and disease
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE regulatory factor X; hydrocephalus; midline; brain development
ID DNA-BINDING; FACTOR RFX4; IDENTIFICATION; HYDROCEPHALUS; EXPRESSION;
PROTEIN; MOUSE; GENE; DIFFERENTIATION; DEFICIENCY
AB Regulatory factor X4 variant 3 (RFX4_v3) is a recently identified transcription factor specifically expressed in the brain. Gene disruption in mice demonstrated that interruption of a single allele (heterozygous, +/-) prevented formation of the subcommissural organ (SCO), resulting in congenital hydrocephalus, whereas interruption of two alleles (homozygous, -/-) caused fatal failure of dorsal midline brain structure formation. These mutagenesis studies implicated RFX4_v3 in early brain development as well as the genesis of the SCO. Rfx4_v3 deficiency presumably causes abnormalities in brain by altering the expression levels of many genes that are crucial for brain morphogenesis, such as the signaling components in the Wnt, bone morphogenetic protein, and retinoic acid pathways. RFX4_v3 might affect these critical signaling pathways in brain development. Cx3cl1, a chemokine gene highly expressed in brain, was identified as a direct target for RFX4_v3, indicating that RFX4_v3 possesses trans-acting activity to stimulate gene expression. RFX4_v3 is highly expressed in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and might be involved in regulating the circadian clock. One haplotype in RFX4_v3 gene is linked to a higher risk of bipolar disorder, suggesting that this protein might contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. This Mini-Review describes our current knowledge about RFX4_v3, an important protein that appears to be involved in many aspects of brain development and disease. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 [Zhang, Donghui; Blackshear, Perry J.] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neurobiol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Zhang, Donghui; Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Respirat Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Zhang, Donghui; Zeldin, Darryl C.; Blackshear, Perry J.] Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Off Clin Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Blackshear, Perry J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med Biochem, Durham, NC USA.
RP Blackshear, PJ (reprint author), NIEHS, A2-05,111 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM black009@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES101583-05]
NR 29
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 3
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0360-4012
J9 J NEUROSCI RES
JI J. Neurosci. Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 85
IS 16
BP 3515
EP 3522
DI 10.1002/jnr.21356
PG 8
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 243EP
UT WOS:000251778200002
PM 17510980
ER
PT J
AU Thornber, CS
DiMilla, P
Nixon, S
McKinney, R
AF Thornber, C. S.
DiMilla, P.
Nixon, S.
McKinney, R.
TI Natural vs. anthropogenic nitrogen uptake in ulva and gracilaria, two
bloom-forming macroalgae
SO JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Thornber, C. S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[DiMilla, P.; Nixon, S.] Univ Rhode Isl, Grad Sch Oceanog, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
[McKinney, R.] US EPA, Atlantic Div, Narragansett, RI USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 6
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-3646
J9 J PHYCOL
JI J. Phycol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 43
SU 1
MA 202
BP 62
EP 63
PG 2
WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 266YN
UT WOS:000253474200203
ER
PT J
AU Littles, CJ
Williford, D
Skoruppa, MK
Woodin, MC
Hickman, GC
AF Littles, Chanda Jones
Williford, Damon
Skoruppa, Mary Kay
Woodin, Marc C.
Hickman, Graham C.
TI Diet of western Burrowing Owls wintering in southern Texas
SO JOURNAL OF RAPTOR RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Burrowing owl; Athene cunicularia; diet; prey; Texas; winter
ID ATHENE-CUNICULARIA; FOOD-HABITS; INVERTEBRATE DIVERSITY;
SPEOTYTO-CUNICULARIA; IMPERIAL-VALLEY; TYTO-ALBA; ECOLOGY; POPULATION;
OKLAHOMA; PREY
AB Winter diets of the western Burrowing Owl (Athene cunicularia hypugaea) are little known. We determined the diet of western Burrowing Owls wintering in southern Texas by analyzing the contents of 182 pellets collected over four winters (1999-2000, 2001-2002, 2002-2003, and 2003-2004) in three habitat types (agricultural, mainland grassland, and barrier island). Remains of a total of 7476 prey items were recovered, 98% of which were arthropods. Gryllidae (crickets) formed the largest component (50%) of the prey, followed by lepidopteran larvae (13%), beetles (8%), spiders (7%), and earwigs (6%). Although vertebrates, primarily small mammals and birds, represented only 2% of prey items by number, they represented most (71%) of the biomass. Northern pygmy mice (Baiomys taylori) and fulvous harvest mice (Reithrodontomys fulvescens) were the two most frequently consumed vertebrate species. In all habitats, arthropods, especially orthopterans, were the primary prey item by number, whereas vertebrates, primarily small mammals, were the most important by biomass. Greater consumption of arthropods by Burrowing Owls in agricultural areas may be a factor contributing to owl use of these highly altered environments.
C1 [Littles, Chanda Jones; Williford, Damon; Hickman, Graham C.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Life Sci, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
[Skoruppa, Mary Kay; Woodin, Marc C.] US Geol Survey, Texas Gulf Coast Field Res Stn, Unit 5838, Corpus Christi, TX 78412 USA.
RP Littles, CJ (reprint author), US EPA, Water Management Div, Reg 4,61 Forsyth St SW, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA.
EM dwillifo@coastalbend.edu
NR 43
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 2
U2 14
PU RAPTOR RESEARCH FOUNDATION INC
PI HASTINGS
PA 14377 117TH STREET SOUTH, HASTINGS, MN 55033 USA
SN 0892-1016
J9 J RAPTOR RES
JI J. Raptor Res.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 4
BP 307
EP 313
DI 10.3356/0892-1016(2007)41[307:DOWBOW]2.0.CO;2
PG 7
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 251WE
UT WOS:000252406000006
ER
PT J
AU Cook, R
Touma, JS
Fernandez, A
Brzezinski, D
Bailey, C
Scarbro, C
Thurman, J
Strum, M
Ensley, D
Baldauf, R
AF Cook, Richard
Touma, Jawad S.
Fernandez, Antonio
Brzezinski, David
Bailey, Chad
Scarbro, Carl
Thurman, James
Strum, Madeleine
Ensley, Darrell
Baldauf, Richard
TI Impact of underestimating the effects of cold temperature on motor
vehicle start emissions of air toxics in the United States
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID AMBIENT-TEMPERATURE; TAILPIPE EMISSIONS; FUTURE YEARS
AB Analyses of U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) certification data, California Air Resources Board surveillance testing data, and EPA research testing data indicated that EPA's MOBILE6.2 emission factor model substantially underestimates emissions of gaseous air toxics occurring during vehicle starts at cold temperatures for light-duty vehicles and trucks meeting EPA Tier 1 and later standards. An unofficial version of the MOBILE6.2 model was created to account for these underestimates. When this unofficial version of the model was used to project emissions into the future, emissions increased by almost 100% by calendar year 2030, and estimated modeled ambient air toxics concentrations increased by 6-84%, depending on the pollutant. To address these elevated emissions, EPA recently finalized standards requiring reductions of emissions when engines start at cold temperatures.
C1 US EPA, Off Transportat & Air Qual, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA.
US EPA, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Comp Sci Corp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Cook, R (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Vehicle & Fuel Emiss Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48103 USA.
EM cook.rich@epa.gov
NR 24
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 5
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 57
IS 12
BP 1469
EP 1479
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.57.12.1469
PG 11
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 239MS
UT WOS:000251523000007
PM 18200932
ER
PT J
AU Cai, B
Dunson, DB
AF Cai, Bo
Dunson, David B.
TI Bayesian multivariate isotonic regression splines: Applications to
carcinogenicity studies
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE factor model; functional data analysis; monotone curves; multiple
outcomes; seemingly unrelated regression; tumor data
ID SEEMINGLY UNRELATED REGRESSIONS; NONPARAMETRIC REGRESSION; LONGITUDINAL
DATA; VARIABLE SELECTION; TUMOR-INCIDENCE; BODY-WEIGHT; MODELS; CURVES
AB In many applications, interest focuses on assessing the relationship between a predictor and a multivariate outcome variable, and there may be prior knowledge about the shape of the regression curves. For example, regression functions that relate dose of a possible risk factor to different adverse outcomes can often be assumed to be nondecreasing. In such cases, interest focuses on (1) assessing evidence of an overall adverse effect, (2) determining which outcomes are most affected, and (3) estimating outcome-specific regression curves. This article proposes a Bayesian approach for addressing this problem, motivated by multi site tumor data from carcinogenicity experiments. A multivariate smoothing spline model is specified, that accommodates dependency in the multiple curves through a hierarchical Markov random field prior for the basis coefficients, while also allowing for residual correlation. A Gibbs sampler is proposed for posterior computation, and the approach is applied to data on body weight and tumor occurrence.
C1 [Cai, Bo] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
[Dunson, David B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Cai, B (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM bocai@gwm.sc.edu; dunson1@niehs.nih.gov
NR 31
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 9
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0162-1459
J9 J AM STAT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 102
IS 480
BP 1158
EP 1171
DI 10.1198/016214506000000942
PG 14
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 243WY
UT WOS:000251829200011
ER
PT J
AU Sahu, SK
Gelfand, AE
Holland, DM
AF Sahu, Sujit K.
Gelfand, Alan E.
Holland, David M.
TI High-resolution space-time ozone modeling for assessing trends
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE dynamic model; forecasting/prediction; Markov chain Monte Carlo;
misalignment; spatial variability; stationarity
ID GROUND-LEVEL OZONE; EXPOSURE
AB This article proposes a space-time model for daily 8-hour maximum ozone levels to provide input for regulatory activities: detection, evaluation, and analysis of spatial patterns and temporal trend in ozone summaries. The model is applied to the analysis of data from the state of Ohio that contains a mix of urban, suburban, and rural ozone monitoring sites. The proposed space-time model is autoregressive and incorporates the most important meteorological variables observed at a collection of ozone monitoring sites as well as at several weather stations where ozone levels have not been observed. This misalignment is handled through spatial modeling. In so doing we adopt a computationally convenient approach based on the successive daily increments in meteorological variables. The resulting hierarchical model is specified within a Bayesian framework and is fitted using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. Full inference with regard to model unknowns as well as for predictions in time and space, evaluation of annual summaries, and assessment of trends are presented.
C1 [Sahu, Sujit K.] Univ Southampton, Sch Math, Southampton Stat Sci Res Inst, Southampton, Hants, England.
[Gelfand, Alan E.] Duke Univ, Inst Stat & Decis, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
[Holland, David M.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Sahu, SK (reprint author), Univ Southampton, Sch Math, Southampton Stat Sci Res Inst, Southampton, Hants, England.
EM S.K.Sahu@soton.ac.uk; alan@stat.duke.edu; holland.david@epa.gov
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES014843-01A2, R01 ES014843]
NR 22
TC 35
Z9 36
U1 2
U2 4
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0162-1459
J9 J AM STAT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 102
IS 480
BP 1221
EP 1234
DI 10.1198/016214507000000031
PG 14
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 243WY
UT WOS:000251829200016
PM 19759840
ER
PT J
AU Parker, R
Arnold, JG
Barrett, M
Burns, L
Carrubba, L
Neitsch, SL
Snyder, NJ
Srinivasan, R
AF Parker, Ronald
Arnold, J. G.
Barrett, Michael
Burns, Lawrence
Carrubba, Lee
Neitsch, S. L.
Snyder, N. J.
Srinivasan, R.
TI Evaluation of three watershed-scale pesticide environmental transport
and fate models
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE computational methods; simulation; transport and fate; pesticide; NAWQA;
SWAT; NPSM; HSPF; PRZM-RIVWQ
ID RIVER BASIN; VALIDATION
AB The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) has completed an evaluation of three watershed-scale simulation models for potential use in Food Quality Protection Act pesticide drinking water exposure assessments. The evaluation may also guide OPP in identifying computer simulation tools that can be used in performing aquatic ecological exposure assessments. Models selected for evaluation were the Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), the Nonpoint Source Model (NPSM), a modified version of the Hydrologic Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF), and the Pesticide Root Zone Model-Riverine Water Quality (PRZM-RIVWQ) model. Simulated concentrations of the pesticides atrazine, metolachlor, and trifluralin in surface water were compared with field data monitored in the Sugar Creek watershed of Indiana's White River basin by the National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) program. The evaluation not only provided USEPA with experience in using watershed models for estimating pesticide concentration in flowing water but also led to the development of improved statistical techniques for assessing model accuracy. Further, it demonstrated the difficulty of representing spatially and temporally variable soil, weather, and pesticide applications with relatively infrequent, spatially fixed, point estimates. It also demonstrated the value of using monitoring and modeling as mutually supporting tools and pointed to the need to design monitoring programs that support modeling.
C1 US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
USDA Agr Res Serv, Temple, TX 76502 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
Natl Oceanog & Atmosper Adm, Lajas, PR 00667 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77483 USA.
Waterborne Environm Inc, Leesburg, VA 20175 USA.
Texas A&I Univ, Spatial Sci Lab, College Stn, TX 77845 USA.
RP Parker, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM parker.ronald@epa.gov
RI Srinivasan, R/D-3937-2009
NR 52
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 5
U2 29
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 43
IS 6
BP 1424
EP 1443
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00101.x
PG 20
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 236UI
UT WOS:000251328500006
ER
PT J
AU Rubes, J
Selevan, SG
Sram, RJ
Evenson, DP
Perreault, SD
AF Rubes, Jiri
Selevan, Sherry G.
Sram, Radim J.
Evenson, Donald P.
Perreault, Sally D.
TI GSTM1 genotype influences the susceptibility of men to sperm DNA damage
associated with exposure to air pollution
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-FUNDAMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE gene-environment interaction; sperm DNA damage;
glutathione-S-transferase; SCSA; genetic susceptibility
ID CHROMATIN-STRUCTURE ASSAY; S-TRANSFERASE POLYMORPHISMS;
GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; HERITABLE MUTATIONS; CLINICAL-ASPECTS;
MALE-INFERTILITY; SEMEN QUALITY; ADDUCTS; FRAGMENTATION; CANCER
AB Previous studies have provided evidence for an association between exposure to high levels of air pollution and increased DNA damage in human sperm. In these studies DNA damage was measured using the sperm chromatin structure assay (SCSA) wherein the percentage of sperm with abnormal chromatin/fragmented DNA is determined and expressed as % DNA fragmentation index (%DFI). Here we extend these observations to address the following hypothesis: men who are homozygous null for glutathione-S-transferase M1 (GSTM1-) are less able to detoxify reactive metabolites of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (c-PAHs) found in air pollution. Consequently they are more susceptible to the effects of air pollution on sperm chromatin. Using a longitudinal study design in which men provided semen samples during periods of both low (baseline) and episodically high air pollution, this study revealed a statistically significant association between GSTM1 null genotype and increased SCSA-defined %DFI (beta = 0.309; 95% CI: 0.129, 0.489). Furthermore, GSTM1 null men also showed higher %DFI in response to exposure to intermittent air pollution (beta = 0.487; 95% CI: 0.243, 0.731). This study thus provides novel evidence for a gene-environment interaction between GSTM1 and air pollution (presumably c-PAHs). The significance of the findings in this study with respect to fertility status is unknown. However, it is biologically plausible that increases in %DFI induced by such exposures could impact the risk of male sub/infertility, especially in men who naturally exhibit high levels of %DFI. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Vet Res Inst, CS-62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
NCEA, US EPA, Washington, DC USA.
Inst Expt Med ASCR, CS-14220 Prague, Czech Republic.
S Dakota State Univ, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA.
US EPA, ORD, MD71, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Rubes, J (reprint author), Vet Res Inst, Hudcova 70, CS-62100 Brno, Czech Republic.
EM rubes@vri.cz
RI Sram, Radim/H-2455-2014
OI Sram, Radim/0000-0003-4256-3816
NR 35
TC 53
Z9 57
U1 2
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0027-5107
J9 MUTAT RES-FUND MOL M
JI Mutat. Res.-Fundam. Mol. Mech. Mutagen.
PD DEC 1
PY 2007
VL 625
IS 1-2
BP 20
EP 28
DI 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.05.012
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 238SL
UT WOS:000251467800002
PM 17714740
ER
PT J
AU Wang, A
Robertson, JL
Holladay, SD
Tennant, AH
Lengi, AJ
Ahmed, SA
Huckle, WR
Kligerman, AD
AF Wang, Amy
Robertson, John L.
Holladay, Steven D.
Tennant, Alan H.
Lengi, Andrea J.
Ahmed, S. Ansar
Huckle, William R.
Kligerman, Andrew D.
TI Measurement of DNA damage in rat urinary bladder transitional cells:
Improved selective harvest of transitional cells and detailed Comet
assay protocols
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE Comet assay; urinary bladder; transitional epithelium
ID EPITHELIAL-CELLS; UROTHELIAL CELLS; GENOTOXICITY; REPAIR; FORMALDEHYDE;
INDUCTION; HUMANS; ACID
AB Urinary bladder transitional epithelium is the main site of bladder cancer, and the use of transitional cells to study carcinogenesis/genotoxicity is recommended over the use of whole bladders. Because the transitional epithelium is only a small fraction of the whole bladder, the alkaline single cell get electrophoresis assay (Comet assay), which requires only a small number of cells per sample, is especially suitable for measuring DNA damage in transitional cells. However, existed procedures of cell collection did not yield transitional cells with a high purity, and pooling of samples was needed for Comet assay. The goal of this study was to develop an optimized protocol to evaluate DNA damage in the urinary bladder transitional epithelium. This was achieved by an enzymatic stripping method (trypsin-EDTA incubation plus gentle scraping) to selectively harvest transitional cells from rat bladders, and the use of the alkaline Comet assay to detect DNA strand breaks, alkaline labile sites, and DNA-protein crosslinks. Step by step procedures are reported here. Cells collected from a single rat bladder were sufficient for multiple Comet assays. With this new protocol, increases in DNA damage were detected in transitional cells after in vitro exposure to the positive control agents, hydrogen peroxide or formaldehyde. Repair of the induced DNA damage occurred within 4 h. This indicated the capacity for DNA repair was maintained in the harvested cells. The new protocol provides a simple and inexpensive method to detect various types of DNA damage and to measure DNA damage repair in urinary bladder transitional cells. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Virginia Tech, Dept Dairy Sci, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
RP Wang, A (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Virginia Tech, Virginia Maryland Reg Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Phase II,Duckpond Dr, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA.
EM amywang@vt.edu
NR 26
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5718
J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN
JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen.
PD DEC 1
PY 2007
VL 634
IS 1-2
BP 51
EP 59
DI 10.1016/j.nugentox.2007.06.004
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 238VW
UT WOS:000251477200006
PM 17686649
ER
PT J
AU Kissling, GE
Dertinger, SD
Hayashi, M
MacGregord, JT
AF Kissling, Grace E.
Dertinger, Stephen D.
Hayashi, Makoto
MacGregord, James T.
TI Sensitivity of the erythrocyte micronucleus assay: Dependence on number
of cells scored and inter-animal variability
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE erythrocyte micronucleus assay; flow cytometry; binomial counting error;
inter-animal variability; power calculation
ID PERIPHERAL-BLOOD RETICULOCYTES; FLOW-CYTOMETRIC ANALYSIS; VALIDATION;
INDUCTION; RODENT; DAMAGE; RAT
AB Until recently, the in vivo erythrocyte micronucleus assay has been scored using microscopy. Because the frequency of micronucleated cells is typically low, cell counts are subject to substantial binomial counting error. Counting error, along with inter-animal variability, limit the sensitivity of this assay. Recently, flow cytometric methods have been developed for scoring micronucleated erythrocytes and these methods enable many more cells to be evaluated than is possible with microscopic scoring. Using typical spontaneous micronucleus frequencies reported in mice, rats, and dogs we calculate the counting error associated with the frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes as a function of the number of reticulocytes scored. We compare this counting error with the interanimal variability determined by flow cytometric scoring of sufficient numbers of cells to assure that the counting error is less than the inter-animal variability, and calculate the minimum increases in micronucleus frequency that can be detected as a function of the number of cells scored. The data show that current regulatory guidelines allow low power of the test when spontaneous frequencies are low (e.g., <= 0.1%). Tables and formulas are presented that provide the necessary numbers of cells that must be scored to meet the recommendation of the International Working Group on Genotoxicity Testing that sufficient cells be scored to reduce counting error to less than the inter-animal variability, thereby maintaining a more uniform power of detection of increased micronucleus frequencies across laboratories and species. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Litron Labs, Rochester, NY 14623 USA.
Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Tokyo 1588501, Japan.
Toxicol Consulting Serv, Arnold, MD 21012 USA.
RP Kissling, GE (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM kissling@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES045003-11]
NR 22
TC 25
Z9 29
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5718
J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN
JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen.
PD DEC 1
PY 2007
VL 634
IS 1-2
BP 235
EP 240
DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.07.010
PG 6
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 238VW
UT WOS:000251477200026
PM 17851117
ER
PT J
AU Muse, GW
Gilchrist, DA
Nechaev, S
Shah, R
Parker, JS
Grissom, SF
Zeitlinger, J
Adelman, K
AF Muse, Ginger W.
Gilchrist, Daniel A.
Nechaev, Sergei
Shah, Ruchir
Parker, Joel S.
Grissom, Sherry F.
Zeitlinger, Julia
Adelman, Karen
TI RNA polymerase is poised for activation across the genome
SO NATURE GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION; IN-VIVO; DROSOPHILA-MELANOGASTER; HSP70 GENE;
HEAT-SHOCK; PROMOTER; COMPLEX; CELLS; NELF; INITIATION
AB Regulation of gene expression is integral to the development and survival of all organisms. Transcription begins with the assembly of a pre-initiation complex at the gene promoter(1), followed by initiation of RNA synthesis and the transition to productive elongation(2-4). In many cases, recruitment of RNA polymerase II ( Pol II) to a promoter is necessary and sufficient for activation of genes. However, there are a few notable exceptions to this paradigm, including heat shock genes and several proto-oncogenes, whose expression is attenuated by regulated stalling of polymerase elongation within the promoter-proximal region(5-13). To determine the importance of polymerase stalling for transcription regulation, we carried out a genome-wide search for Drosophila melanogaster genes with Pol II stalled within the promoter-proximal region. Our data show that stalling is widespread, occurring at hundreds of genes that respond to stimuli and developmental signals. This finding indicates a role for regulation of polymerase elongation in the transcriptional responses to dynamic environmental and developmental cues.
C1 Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Constella Grp, Durham, NC 27713 USA.
Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Microarray Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Express Anal, Durham, NC 27713 USA.
Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Nine Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
Stowers Inst Med Res, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA.
RP Adelman, K (reprint author), Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM adelmank@niehs.nih.gov
OI Gilchrist, Daniel/0000-0003-1668-2790
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES101987-02]
NR 30
TC 440
Z9 444
U1 2
U2 25
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1061-4036
J9 NAT GENET
JI Nature Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 39
IS 12
BP 1507
EP 1511
DI 10.1038/ng.2007.21
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 235XK
UT WOS:000251267400020
PM 17994021
ER
PT J
AU Zeitlinger, J
Stark, A
Kellis, M
Hong, JW
Nechaev, S
Adelman, K
Levine, M
Young, RA
AF Zeitlinger, Julia
Stark, Alexander
Kellis, Manolis
Hong, Joung-Woo
Nechaev, Sergei
Adelman, Karen
Levine, Michael
Young, Richard A.
TI RNA polymerase stalling at developmental control genes in the Drosophila
melanogaster embryo
SO NATURE GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID TRANSCRIPTION ELONGATION; MESODERM DEVELOPMENT; PROXIMAL REGION; TARGET
GENES; DORSAL; PROMOTER; EXPRESSION; PROTEIN; SNAIL; RECRUITMENT
AB It is widely assumed that the key rate-limiting step in gene activation is the recruitment of RNA polymerase II ( Pol II) to the core promoter(1). Although there are well-documented examples in which Pol II is recruited to a gene but stalls(2-12), a general role for Pol II stalling in development has not been established. We have carried out comprehensive Pol II chromatin immunoprecipitation microarray ( ChIP-chip) assays in Drosophila embryos and identified three distinct Pol II binding behaviors: active ( uniform binding across the entire transcription unit), no binding, and stalled ( binding at the transcription start site). The notable feature of the similar to 10% genes that are stalled is that they are highly enriched for developmental control genes, which are either repressed or poised for activation during later stages of embryogenesis. We propose that Pol II stalling facilitates rapid temporal and spatial changes in gene activity during development.
C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrat Genom, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Whitehead Inst Biomed Res, Nine Cambridge Ctr, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA.
Broad Inst Massachustts Inst Technol & Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA.
MIT, Comp Sci & Artificial Intelligence Lab, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.
RP Levine, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Integrat Genom, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM mlevine@berkeley.edu
RI Stark, Alexander/D-1473-2012; Young, Richard/F-6495-2012
OI Stark, Alexander/0000-0003-2611-0841; Young, Richard/0000-0001-8855-8647
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES101987-02]; NHGRI NIH HHS [R01 HG004037,
HG002668, R01 HG002668, R01 HG004037-01A1]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM069676,
GM34431, R01 GM046638, R01 GM069676, R37 GM046638]
NR 30
TC 429
Z9 435
U1 1
U2 21
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1061-4036
J9 NAT GENET
JI Nature Genet.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 39
IS 12
BP 1512
EP 1516
DI 10.1038/ng.2007.26
PG 5
WC Genetics & Heredity
SC Genetics & Heredity
GA 235XK
UT WOS:000251267400021
PM 17994019
ER
PT J
AU Sin, Y
Sigleo, AC
Song, E
AF Sin, Yongsik
Sigleo, Anne C.
Song, Eunsook
TI Nutrient fluxes in the microalgal-dominated intertidal regions of the
lower Yaquina Estuary, Oregon (USA).
SO NORTHWEST SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
ID BENTHIC MICROALGAE; CHESAPEAKE BAY; WATER COLUMN; SALT-MARSH; ECOLOGICAL
SIGNIFICANCE; SEASONAL-VARIATION; TEMPERATE ESTUARY; DIURNAL-VARIATION;
MARINE-SEDIMENTS; SOFT SEDIMENTS
AB The effects of benthic microalgae on sediment nutrient fluxes were investigated at three sites across the intertidal zone of lower Yaquina Bay. Study sites were selected where microalage were present but where seagrass and mud shrimp were absent. Sediment columns were collected seasonally from one to three stations from September 1999 through August 2000 to determine the seasonal and spatial range in benthic fluxes. Collected sediments were carried to the nearby laboratory for light and dark incubation experiments. Nitrate fluxes ranged from -122 to -4 mu mol N m(-2) hr(-1), whereas ammonia fluxes ranged from -52 to 101 mu mol N m(-2) hr(-1). The ranges for orthophosphate and silicate were -7.4 to 12 mu mol P m(-2) hr' and -93 to 283 pmol Si m(-2) hr(-1). The sediments were always a net sink for nitrate. Nitrate uptake rates were highest during the warmest month (August) and lowest during the coldest months (November and January). Nitrate fluxes were not statistically different for light and dark conditions. Ammonium was generally released from sediments into the water column in the dark, whereas it was taken up in the light. The sediments were a net sink for all tested nutrients under light conditions, whereas all nutrients except nitrate were released into the water column in the dark, indicating that ammonia, orthophosphate and silicate were utilized by benthic microalgae at the sediment-water interface in the light.
C1 US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Newport, OR 97365 USA.
Chonbuk Natl Univ, Coll Nat Sci, Dept Chem, Jeonju 561756, South Korea.
RP Sin, Y (reprint author), Mokpo Natl Maritime Univ, Div Ocean Syst Engn, Mokpo 530729, South Korea.
EM yongsik@mmu.ac.kr
NR 45
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 18
PU WASHINGTON STATE UNIV
PI PULLMAN
PA PO BOX 645020, PULLMAN, WA 99164-5910 USA
SN 0029-344X
J9 NORTHWEST SCI
JI Northwest Sci.
PD WIN
PY 2007
VL 81
IS 1
BP 50
EP 61
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 160IK
UT WOS:000245933900004
ER
PT J
AU Zhu, JL
Obel, C
Bech, BH
Olsen, J
Basso, O
AF Zhu, Jin Liang
Obel, Carsten
Bech, Bodil Hammer
Olsen, Jorn
Basso, Olga
TI Infertility, infertility treatment, and fetal growth restriction
SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NATIONAL BIRTH COHORT; IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PRETERM DELIVERY;
PREGNANCY; WEIGHT; RISK; TIME; IVF; SUBFERTILITY; CONCEPTION
AB OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between infertility, with or without treatment, and fetal growth, as well as perinatal and infant mortality.
METHODS: From the Danish National Birth Cohort (1997-2003), we identified 51,041 singletons born of fertile couples (time to pregnancy 12 months or less) 5,787 born of infertile couples conceiving naturally (time to pregnancy more than 12 months), and 4,317 born after treatment. We defined small for gestational age (SGA) as the lowest 5% of birth weight by sex and gestational age.
RESULTS: Crude estimates suggested an increased risk of perinatal mortality and SGA among infertile couples (treated and untreated), but the odds ratios (ORs) of perinatal mortality among infertile couples were attenuated after adjustment for maternal age and body mass index (1.32, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 0.95-1.84 among untreated and 1.26, 95% Cl 0.86-1.85 among treated couples). The elevated risk of SGA among infertile couples persisted after adjustment for maternal age, parity, and smoking (OR 1.24, 95% Cl 1.10-1.40 among untreated, and OR 1.40, 95% Cl 1.23-1.60 among treated). The risk of SGA increased with time to pregnancy, and a longer time to pregnancy was associated with a small reduction in birth weight across the whole distribution.
CONCLUSION: The increased risk of SGA observed among infertile couples with or without infertility treatment suggests that infertility may be a risk factor for intrauterine growth restriction. Treatment per se may have little effect on fetal growth. A small-to-moderate increased risk of perinatal mortality in infertile couples cannot be ruled out due to the small number of cases.
C1 Univ Aarhus, Danish Epidemiol Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
Aarhus Univ Hosp, Dept Gynaecol & Obstet, Perinatal Epidemiol Res Unit, DK-8000 Aarhus N, Denmark.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Zhu, JL (reprint author), Univ Aarhus, Danish Epidemiol Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Inst Publ Hlth, Vennelyst Blvd 6, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
EM zjl@soci.au.dk
RI Olsen, Jorn/F-8801-2015; Basso, Olga/E-5384-2010; Bech, Bodil
Hammer/B-9646-2016
OI Olsen, Jorn/0000-0001-7462-5140; Basso, Olga/0000-0001-9298-4921;
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999]
NR 28
TC 32
Z9 32
U1 1
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0029-7844
J9 OBSTET GYNECOL
JI Obstet. Gynecol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 110
IS 6
BP 1326
EP 1334
DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000290330.80256.97
PG 9
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 236LH
UT WOS:000251304000018
PM 18055728
ER
PT J
AU Markert, JA
Arnegard, ME
AF Markert, Jeffrey A.
Arnegard, Matthew E.
TI Size-dependent use of territorial space by a rock-dwelling cichlid fish
SO OECOLOGIA
LA English
DT Article
DE male-male competition; substrate quality; resource holding potential;
habitat shift; natural history
ID PSEUDOTROPHEUS-ZEBRA BOULENGER; LAKE VICTORIA CICHLIDS; SEXUAL
SELECTION; LABEOTROPHEUS-FUELLEBORNI; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MALE
COLORATION; FEMALE CHOICE; MALE QUALITY; MALAWI; PISCES
AB Territoriality fundamentally influences animal mating systems and patterns of population structure. Although territory ownership is already known to contribute importantly to male reproductive success and the ecological coexistence of African rock-dwelling cichlids, the significance of variation in territory features has received little attention in these fishes. In Lake Malawi, males of Pseudotropheus tropheops "orange chest" defend territories on either of two substrate classes at Harbour Island: flat rock slabs lacking crevices and caves, or structurally complex boulder fields containing cave shelters. Focal watches of this species demonstrated that both territory size and occupancy on either substrate type depend on the size of male residents. Males larger than a threshold size exclusively held the largest and most structurally complex territories. After removal of conspecific residents, more vacant territorial areas on cave-containing substrate were reoccupied by "orange chest" males in full breeding coloration compared to vacant areas on flat substrate. These findings suggest competition among "orange chest" males for complex rocky substrate. Defense of caves was associated with enhanced male courtship rates: the number of caves within a male's territory was a better predictor of courtship activity than was male size or territory area. In addition to territories being crucial for male reproductive success and therefore likely playing a role in sexual selection, male-male competition for caves in rock-dwelling cichlids may be promoted by the ecological advantage of enemy-free space. Smaller "orange chest" males lacking caves tended to move into adjacent boulder fields in the presence of predators, particularly at night. In contrast, males defending caves were more likely to remain on their territories when nocturnal predators were present. The territorial behaviors of P. tropheops "orange chest" that we observed in situ provide an instructive natural framework for testing the roles of substrate and ecology in the mating systems of rock-dwelling cichlid fishes.
C1 Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
US EPA, Atlantic Ecol Div, Populat Ecol Branch, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Arnegard, ME (reprint author), Univ British Columbia, Dept Zool, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
EM markert@fastmail.fm; arnegard@zoology.ubc.ca
NR 63
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0029-8549
J9 OECOLOGIA
JI Oecologia
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 154
IS 3
BP 611
EP 621
DI 10.1007/s00442-007-0853-5
PG 11
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 234FU
UT WOS:000251146900017
PM 17885765
ER
PT J
AU Ge, Y
Preston, RJ
Owen, RD
AF Ge, Yue
Preston, R. Julian
Owen, Russell D.
TI Toxicoproteomics and its application to human health risk assessment
SO PROTEOMICS CLINICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Review
DE cancer; environmental; mode of action; risk assessment; toxicology
ID 2-DIMENSIONAL GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MULTIPLEXED PROTEOMICS TECHNOLOGY;
MASS-SPECTROMETRIC IDENTIFICATION; TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES;
OXIDATIVE STRESS; PREFRACTIONATION TECHNIQUES; TOXICITY PROFILES;
SKELETAL-MUSCLE; TOTAL PROTEIN; RAT-LIVER
AB Toxicoproteomics is the use of proteomic technologies to better understand environmental and genetic factors, toxic mechanisms, and modes of action in response to acute exposure to toxicants and in the long-term development of diseases caused or influenced by these exposures. Use of toxicoproteomic technologies to identify key biochemical pathways, mechanisms, and biomarkers of exposure and toxicity will decrease the uncertainties that are associated with human health risk assessments. This review provides an overview of toxicoproteomics from human health risk assessment perspectives. Key toxicoproteomic technologies such as 2-D gel-based proteomic methods and toxicoproteomic approaches are described, and examples of applications of these technologies and methodologies in the risk assessment context are presented. The discussion includes a focus on challenges and future directions.
C1 [Ge, Yue; Preston, R. Julian; Owen, Russell D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Carcinogenesis Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Ge, Y (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Environm Carcinogenesis Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM ge.yue@epa.gov
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010
NR 71
TC 9
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 10
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1862-8346
J9 PROTEOM CLIN APPL
JI Proteom. Clin. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 1
IS 12
BP 1613
EP 1624
DI 10.1002/prca.200700490
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 244RN
UT WOS:000251883100009
PM 21136659
ER
PT J
AU Lambert, JC
Lipscomb, JC
AF Lambert, Jason C.
Lipscomb, John C.
TI Mode of action as a determining factor in additivity models for chemical
mixture risk assessment
SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mode of action; mechanism of action; key event; chemical mixture; human
health risk assessment
ID DOSE-DEPENDENT TRANSITIONS; TOXICITY; MECHANISMS
AB It is inevitable that in a lifetime humans will be exposed to a diverse array of chemical mixtures through occupational, recreational, and/or domestic activities. These mixtures may be simple, consisting of two or more definable compounds, or may be more complex containing several hundred related congeners and/or unrelated compounds. Due to a paucity of mixtures toxicity data, the estimation of risk of adverse health effects associated with mixtures typically comes from empirical observations of single chemical exposures. Under existing policy, characterizing the relative contribution of each compound depends on identification of the target organ or tissue dose, mode of action, and duration of effect. Currently, there is no consensus on what constitutes a toxic mode or mechanism of action, nor is there a universally accepted framework to determine similarity or independence of mode of action for mixtures risk assessment. This lack of a comprehensive classification paradigm for mode or mechanism of toxic action continues to be a major rate-limiting step in the advancement of mixtures risk assessment. A potential unifying approach to characterizing mode of action involves critical evaluation of data at all levels of biological organization for identification of 'key events'. Development of a biologically plausible weight of evidence description of the key obligatory steps in mechanistic pathways may facilitate selection of the most appropriate component-based mixtures risk assessment approach. Hypothetical case studies are presented to demonstrate the quantitative impact of the choice of dose addition or response addition to estimate risk. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Lipscomb, John C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Lambert, Jason C.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA.
RP Lipscomb, JC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr A-110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Lipscomb.john@epa.gov
NR 27
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0273-2300
J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM
JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 49
IS 3
BP 183
EP 194
DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2007.07.002
PG 12
WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 241HJ
UT WOS:000251647200005
PM 17804132
ER
PT J
AU Kopylev, L
Chen, C
White, P
AF Kopylev, Leonid
Chen, Chao
White, Paul
TI Towards quantitative uncertainty assessment for cancer risks: Central
estimates and probability distributions of risk in dose-response
modeling
SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE expected value of risk; probabilistic risk assessment; uncertainty;
MCMC; WinBugs
ID CARCINOGENICITY; FORMALDEHYDE; EXPOSURE; RATS
AB Regulatory agencies and the scientific community have been engaged in a long-term effort to strengthen health risk assessment procedures. Recently the momentum of this effort has accelerated to increasing biological information for a variety of toxic compounds and emphasis on the policy goal of broader characterization of scientific uncertainty (in contrast to providing only a single risk estimate). For example, the OMB Regulatory Analysis Guidelines [OMB, 2003. Office of Management and Budget. Circular A-4. Available from: < http://www.whitehouse.gov/omb/circulars/a004/a-4.html/>] suggest that a formal quantitative uncertainty analysis be performed for economic assessments in support of major regulatory analyses, a process that can utilize both expected values and probability distributions for risk estimates. Some efforts have been made in the past to provide probability distributions of risk estimates. In this article, we examine a procedure for constructing probability distributions and expected values of risk estimates using a Bayesian framework. This approach has the advantage of mathematical soundness and computational feasibility, given the Markov chain Monte Carlo software tools that are available today. Importantly, the Bayesian framework can serve as a unifying platform for uncertainty analysis in cancer risk assessment. This paper provides some initial applications of Bayesian methods in quantitative analysis of uncertainty in cancer risk assessment, including implementation with cancer dose-response data sets for two chemicals. The Bayesian expected risk calculations provide an approach to generating a central estimate of risk that does not have the instability problems that have often limited utility of MLE risk estimates. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Kopylev, Leonid; Chen, Chao; White, Paul] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Kopylev, L (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, 1200 Penn Ave,NW 8623D, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM kopylev.leonid@epa.gov
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0273-2300
J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM
JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 49
IS 3
BP 203
EP 207
DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2007.08.002
PG 5
WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 241HJ
UT WOS:000251647200007
PM 17905499
ER
PT J
AU Lane, CR
Flotemersch, JE
Blocksom, KA
Decelles, S
AF Lane, Charles R.
Flotemersch, Joseph E.
Blocksom, Karen A.
Decelles, Susanna
TI Effect of sampling method on diatom composition for use in monitoring
and assessing large river condition
SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE diatom; assessment; sampling method; large rivers; EMAP; NAWQA; water
quality; periphyton; phytoplankton
ID BIOTIC INTEGRITY; WATER-QUALITY; LAND-USE; INDICATORS; INDEX;
ASSEMBLAGES; EUTROPHICATION; STREAMS; MACROINVERTEBRATE; COMMUNITIES
AB Multiple diatom sampling methods exist for the assessment of lotic systems but few comparisons of their application efficacies in monitoring have been conducted. In this study 60 sites were sampled on four large, non-wadeable rivers in Ohio and Kentucky, USA, which varied in depth, flow rate, surrounding land use and hydrologic modification. Four algae sampling methods were tested: three methods U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program (EMAP), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS QUAL and USGS QUAN) collected algae from rocks, debris and sediment in the littoral zone along a 1-2 km reach, while one method (USGS PHYTO) consisted of three cross-river phytoplankton grab samples collected from a boat. Physical and chemical data were also collected. Little difference in diatom assemblage composition was found among the EMAP, QUAL and QUAN methods. Although compositionally similar, the PHYTO method collected a substantial proportion of relatively unique diatoms compared to the littoral zone methods.
Two disturbance gradients were calculated, one based on 1 km upstream land use within a 500 m buffer, and the other based on principal component analysis dimension reduction of measured water parameters (PCAWQ). Metrics, generally indicators of eutrophication, were calculated for each sampling method and correlated with the disturbance gradients. After Bonferroni corrections, the EMAP method had six metrics correlated with the PCAWQ, while the PHYTO and QUAL methods each had four correlated metrics. Two QUAN metrics were correlated with the PCAWQ. Few metrics were correlated with the land use measure of disturbance. While the EMAP method had the most correlated metrics, this method, along with QUAL and QUAN methods are time and labour intensive (>1 h), relative to the phytoplankton method (< 20 min). Resource managers may desire to weigh the benefits of two additional metrics with the EMAP method versus the costs associated with increased sampling time and effort. Published in 2007 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 [Lane, Charles R.; Flotemersch, Joseph E.; Blocksom, Karen A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Decelles, Susanna] US EPA, Dynam Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Lane, CR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr MS-642, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM lane.charles@epa.gov
NR 67
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 9
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 1535-1459
J9 RIVER RES APPL
JI River Res. Appl.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 23
IS 10
BP 1126
EP 1146
DI 10.1002/rra.1038
PG 21
WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources
GA 253PM
UT WOS:000252530100006
ER
PT J
AU Aoki, Y
Belin, RM
Clickner, R
Jeffries, R
Phillips, L
Mahaffey, KR
AF Aoki, Yutaka
Belin, Ruth M.
Clickner, Robert
Jeffries, Rebecca
Phillips, Linda
Mahaffey, Kathryn R.
TI Serum TSH and total T-4 in the United States population and their
association with participant characteristics: National Health and
Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2002)
SO THYROID
LA English
DT Article
ID THYROID-DISEASE; PREGNANCY; COMMUNITY; MORTALITY
AB Objective: Describe thyrotropin (TSH) and thyroxine (T-4) levels in the U. S. population and their association with selected participant characteristics. Design: Secondary analysis of data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) collected from 4392 participants, reflecting 222 million individuals, during 1999-2002. Results: Hypothyroidism prevalence (TSH> 4.5 mIU/L) in the general population was 3.7%, and hyperthyroidism prevalence (TSH < 0.1 mIU/L) was 0.5%. Among women of reproductive age (12-49 years), hypothyroidism prevalence was 3.1%. Individuals aged 80 years and older had five times greater odds for hypothyroidism compared to 12- to 49-year-olds (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 5.0, p = 0.0002). ORs were adjusted for sex, race, annual income, pregnancy status, and usage of thyroid-related medications (levothyroxine/thyroid, estrogen, androgen, lithium, and amiodarone). Compared to non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks had a lower risk for hypothyroidism (OR 0.46, p = 0.04) and a higher risk for hyperthyroidism (OR 3.18, p = 0.0005), while Mexican Americans had the same risk as non-Hispanic whites for hypothyroidism, but a higher risk for hyperthyroidism (OR 1.98, p = 0.04). Among those taking levothyroxine or desiccated thyroid, the adjusted risk for either hypothyroidism (OR 4.0, p = 0.0001) or hyperthyroidism (OR 11.4, p = 4x10(-9)) was elevated. Conclusions: Associations with known factors such as age, race, and sex were confirmed using this data set. Understanding the prevalence of abnormal thyroid tests among reproductive-aged women informs decisions about screening in this population. The finding that individuals on thyroid hormone replacement medication often remain hypothyroid or become hyperthyroid underscores the importance of monitoring.
C1 [Phillips, Linda; Mahaffey, Kathryn R.] US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[Aoki, Yutaka] Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA.
[Belin, Ruth M.] Eli Lilly & Co, Indianapolis, IN 46285 USA.
[Clickner, Robert; Jeffries, Rebecca] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
RP Mahaffey, KR (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci Coordinat & Policy, 7201M,120 Pennsylvania Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM mahaffey.kate@epa.gov
NR 25
TC 117
Z9 124
U1 2
U2 9
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1050-7256
J9 THYROID
JI Thyroid
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 12
BP 1211
EP 1223
DI 10.1089/thy.2006.0235
PG 13
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 251UT
UT WOS:000252401500005
PM 18177256
ER
PT J
AU Nadadur, SS
Miller, CA
Hopke, PK
Gordon, T
Vedal, S
Vandenberg, JJ
Costa, DL
AF Nadadur, Srikanth S.
Miller, C. Andrew
Hopke, Philip K.
Gordon, Terry
Vedal, Sverre
Vandenberg, John J.
Costa, Daniel L.
TI The complexities of air pollution regulation: The need for an integrated
research and regulatory perspective
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE air pollution; criteria pollutants; PM; monitoring; toxicity;
epidemiology; regulation
ID AMBIENT PARTICULATE MATTER; PULVERIZED-COAL COMBUSTION; SIZE
DISTRIBUTIONS; DIESEL EXHAUST; TIME-SERIES; FLY-ASH; PARTICLES;
INFLAMMATION; INHALATION; TOXICITY
AB The Clean Air Act mandates the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to periodically reassess existing and new science that underlie the regulation of major ambient pollutants-particulate matter (PM) and tropospheric ozone being most notable. While toxic effects have been ascribed individually to these and other pollutants in the air, it is clear that mixtures of these contaminants have the potential to interact and thereby influence their overall toxic outcomes. It follows that a more comprehensive assessment of the potential health effects of the air pollution complex might better protect human health; however, traditional regulatory drivers and funding constraints have impeded progress to such a goal. Despite difficulties in empirically conducting studies of complex mixtures of air pollutants and acquiring relevant exposure data, there remains a need to develop integrated, interdisciplinary research and analytical strategies to provide more comprehensive (and relevant) assessments of associated health outcomes and risks. The research and assessment communities are endeavoring to dissect this complexity using varied approaches Here we present five interdisciplinary perspectives of this evolving line of thought among researchers and those who use such data in assessment: (1) analyses that coordinate air quality-health analyses utilizing representative polluted U.S. air sheds to apportion source and component-specific health risks; (2) novel approaches to characterize air quality in terms of emission sources and how emission reduction strategies might effectively impact pollutant levels; (3) insights from present-day studies of effects of single ambient pollutants in animal and controlled clinical toxicology studies and how these are evolving to address air pollution; (4) refinements in epidemiologic health assessments that take advantage of the complexities of existent air quality conditions; and (5) new approaches to integrative analyses to establish the criteria for regulation of PM and other criteria pollutants. As these examples illustrate, implementing multidisciplined and integrative strategies offer the promise of more realistic and relevant science, greater reductions in uncertainty, and improved overall air pollution assessment. The regulatory mandate may lag behind the science, but real gains both in public health benefit and the science to dissect complex problems will result.
C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Clarkson Univ, Ctr Air Resources Engn & Sci, Potsdam, NY 13699 USA.
NYU, Sch Med, Tuxedo Pk, NY 10987 USA.
Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98105 USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Nadadur, SS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Nadadurs@niehs.nih.gov
RI Miller, Andrew/C-5777-2011; Hopke, Philip/C-6020-2008;
OI Hopke, Philip/0000-0003-2367-9661; Vandenberg, John/0000-0003-2619-9460
NR 25
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 15
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 2
BP 318
EP 327
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm170
PG 10
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 232RU
UT WOS:000251037800001
PM 17609539
ER
PT J
AU Selgrade, MK
AF Selgrade, MaryJane K.
TI Immunotoxicity - The risk is real
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE immunotoxicity; allergy; cigarette smoke; arsenic; polychlorinated
bipenyls
ID RHESUS MACACA-MULATTA; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES;
PRENATAL EXPOSURE; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MATERNAL SMOKING; HOST-RESISTANCE;
PASSIVE SMOKING; ADULT EXPOSURE; MICE
AB Several papers published over the last year represent significant progress in closing the gap between rodent immunotoxicity data and human risk and indicate that, at least for the developing immune system, the concern raised by rodent data is justified. The studies reviewed here show that suppression of immune responses in rodents is predictive of suppression of immune responses in humans and that there is a relationship between immune suppression following developmental exposure to the toxicants and enhanced risk of infectious or neoplastic disease in humans. The three cases highlighted here are remarkable in that they all deal with real-world environmental exposures that represent different media-air (cigarette smoke), water (arsenic), and food (polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs])-and constitute very real risks. Moreover, the arsenic and PCB studies actually demonstrate a quantitative relationship between human exposure and immune suppression. There is evidence that in utero exposure to cigarette smoke and arsenic but not PCBs is associated with increased risk of allergic disease as well. There is clearly potential for designing studies that could address both issues.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Selgrade, MK (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD B143-02, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM selgrade.maryjane@epa.gov
NR 47
TC 66
Z9 68
U1 2
U2 15
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 2
BP 328
EP 332
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm244
PG 5
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 232RU
UT WOS:000251037800002
PM 17878151
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, X
Tsang, AM
Okino, MS
Power, FW
Knaak, JB
Harrison, LS
Dary, CC
AF Zhang, Xiaofei
Tsang, Andy M.
Okino, Miles S.
Power, Frederick W.
Knaak, James B.
Harrison, Lynda S.
Dary, Curtis C.
TI A physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model for
carbofuran in Sprague-Dawley rats using the exposure-related dose
estimating model
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE carbofuran; PBPK/PD model; exposure-related; dose estimating model
(ERDEM); Monte Carlo simulation; risk assessment
ID PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID;
METABOLISM; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; INHIBITION; MOUSE;
INSECTICIDES; PREDICTION
AB Carbofuran (2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzofuranyl-N-methylcarbamate), a broad spectrum N-methyl carbamate insecticide, and its metabolite, 3-hydroxycarbofuran, exert their toxicity by reversibly inhibiting acetylcholinesterase (AChE). To characterize AChE inhibition from carbofuran exposure, a physiologically based pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) model was developed in the Exposure-Related Dose Estimating Model (ERDEM) platform for the Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. Experimental estimates of physiological, biochemical, and physicochemical model parameters were obtained or based on data from the open literature. The PBPK/PD model structure included carbofuran metabolism in the liver to 16 known metabolites, enterohepatic circulation of glucuronic acid conjugates, and excretion in urine and feces. Bolus doses by ingestion of 50 mu g/kg and 0.5 mg/kg carbofuran were simulated for the blood and brain AChE activity. The carbofuran ERDEM simulated a half-life of 5.2 h for urinary clearance, and the experimental AChE activity data were reproduced for the blood and brain. Thirty model parameters were found influential to the model outputs and were chosen for perturbation in Monte Carlo simulations to evaluate the impact of their variability on the model predictions. Results of the simulation runs indicated that the minimum AChE activity in the blood ranged from 29.3 to 79.0% (as 5th and 95th percentiles) of the control level with a mean of 55.9% (standard deviation = 15.1%) compared to an experimental value of 63%. The constructed PBPK/PD model for carbofuran in the SD rat provides a foundation for extrapolating to a human model that can be used for future risk assessment.
C1 Gen Dynam Informat Technol, Henderson, NV 89074 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
SUNY Buffalo, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA.
RP Okino, MS (reprint author), US EPA, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, 944 E Harmon, Las Vegas, NV 89193 USA.
EM okino.miles@epamail.epa.gov
NR 35
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 2
BP 345
EP 359
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm232
PG 15
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 232RU
UT WOS:000251037800004
PM 17804862
ER
PT J
AU Hornung, MW
Cook, PM
Fitzsimmons, PN
Kuehl, DW
Nichols, JW
AF Hornung, Michael W.
Cook, Philip M.
Fitzsimmons, Patrick N.
Kuehl, Douglas W.
Nichols, John W.
TI Tissue distribution and metabolism of benzo[a]pyrene in embryonic and
larval medaka (Oryzias latipes)
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE PAH; BaP; fish; metabolism; embryo
ID ARYL-HYDROCARBON RECEPTOR; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; EARLY-LIFE
STAGES; LASER-SCANNING MICROSCOPY; APOPTOTIC CELL-DEATH;
FUNDULUS-HETEROCLITUS; HYDROXYLASE-ACTIVITY; ZEBRAFISH EMBRYOS; BROWN
BULLHEAD; SPARUS-AURATA
AB The need to understand chemical uptake, distribution, and metabolism in embryonic and larval fish derives from the fact that these early life stages often exhibit greater sensitivity to xenobiotic compounds than do adult animals. In this study, a 6-h acute waterborne exposure immediately after fertilization was used to quickly load the egg with benzo[a]pyrene (BaP). This exposure was used to mimic the initial egg concentration of a persistent bioaccumulative toxicant that could result from maternal transfer. We used multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM) in combination with conventional analytical chemistry methods to characterize the tissue distribution of BaP and its principal metabolites in medaka embryos and post-hatch larvae. Embryonic metabolism of BaP was evident by MPLSM prior to liver formation or heart development. A major product of this metabolism was identified by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry as BaP-3-glucuronide. MPLSM showed that metabolites were sequestered within the yolk, biliary system, and gastrointestinal tract. When the gastrointestinal tract became patent a few days after hatch, the metabolites were rapidly eliminated. These findings indicate that some of the earliest embryonic tissues are metabolically competent and that redistribution of BaP and its metabolic products occurs throughout development. Rapid metabolism of BaP substantially reduces the body burden of parent chemical in the developing embryo, potentially reducing toxicity. It remains unclear whether metabolism of BaP in medaka embryos leads to the formation of DNA adducts associated with genotoxic effects or yields metabolites that later lead to other toxicity in juveniles or adults.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Hornung, MW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM hornung.michael@epa.gov
NR 56
TC 21
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 19
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 2
BP 393
EP 405
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm231
PG 13
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 232RU
UT WOS:000251037800008
PM 17804863
ER
PT J
AU Sen, B
Wolf, DC
Turpaz, Y
Bugrim, A
Retief, J
Hester, SD
AF Sen, Banalata
Wolf, Douglas C.
Turpaz, Yaron
Bugrim, Andrej
Retief, Jacques
Hester, Susan D.
TI Identification of interspecies concordance of mechanisms of
arsenic-induced bladder cancer
SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
LA English
DT Article
DE dimethylarsinic acid; toxicogenomics; interspecies extrapolation; risk
assessment
ID TRIAZOLE CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES; FOCAL ADHESION KINASE; MALE F344 RATS;
DIMETHYLARSINIC ACID; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL-PROLIFERATION;
TRANSCRIPTIONAL PROFILES; RISK-ASSESSMENT; DNA-DAMAGE; TOXICITY
AB Exposure to arsenic causes cancer by inducing a variety of responses that affect the expression of genes associated with numerous biological pathways leading to altered cell growth and proliferation, signaling, apoptosis and oxidative stress response. Affymetrix Gene-Chip(R) arrays were used to detect gene expression changes following dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) exposure to human bladder cells (UROtsa) or rat bladder cells (MYP3) and rat bladder epithelium in vivo at comparable doses. Using different experimental models coupled with transcriptional profiling allowed investigation of the correlation of mechanisms of DMA-induced toxicity between in vitro and in vivo treatment and across species. Our observations suggest that DMA-induced gene expression in UROtsa cells is distinct from that observed in the MYP3 cells. Principal component analysis shows a more distinct separation by treatment and dose in MYP3 cells as compared to UROtsa cells. However, at the level of pathways and biological networks, DMA affects both common and unique processes in the bladder transitional cells of human and rats. Twelve pathways were found common between human in vitro, rat in vitro and rat in vivo systems. These included signaling pathways involved in adhesion, cellular growth and differentiation. Fifty-five genes found to be commonly expressed between rat in vivo and rat in vitro systems were involved in diverse functions such as cell cycle regulation, lipid metabolism and protein degradation. Many of the genes, processes and pathways have previously been associated with arsenic-induced toxicity. Our finding reiterates and also identifies new biological processes that might provide more information regarding the mechanisms of DMA-induced toxicity. The results of our analysis further suggest that gene expression profiles can address pertinent issues of relevance to risk assessment, namely interspecies extrapolation of mechanistic information as well as comparison of in vitro to in vivo response. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 [Sen, Banalata; Wolf, Douglas C.; Hester, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Turpaz, Yaron] Affymetrix, Santa Clara, CA 95051 USA.
[Bugrim, Andrej] GeneGo Inc, St Joseph, MI 49085 USA.
[Retief, Jacques] Iconix Pharmaceut Inc, Mountain View, CA 94043 USA.
RP Sen, B (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, MD B243-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM sen.banalata@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 4
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0887-2333
J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO
JI Toxicol. Vitro
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 8
BP 1513
EP 1529
DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.06.021
PG 17
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 239ZZ
UT WOS:000251558100019
PM 17720352
ER
PT J
AU Watkins, JA
Meacham, CA
Crofton, KM
Shafer, TJ
AF Watkins, Jennifer A.
Meacham, Connie A.
Crofton, Kevin M.
Shafer, Timothy J.
TI Concentration-dependent accumulation of [H-3]-deltamethrin in sodium
channel Na(v)1.2/beta(1) expressing Xenopus laevis oocytes
SO TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
LA English
DT Article
DE pyrethroid; deltamethrin; sodium channel; accumulation; oocytes
ID PYRETHROID INSECTICIDES; IN-VITRO; RESISTANCE; MUTATION; BINDING;
CYPERMETHRIN; TOXICITY
AB Disruption of neuronal voltage-sensitive sodium channels (VSSCs) by pyrethroid insecticides such as deltamethrin (DLT) has been widely studied using Xenopus laevis oocytes transfected with VSSC. However, the extent of pyrethroid accumulation in VSSC-expressing oocytes is unknown. Therefore, accumulation of [H-3]-DLT in non-transfected, sham (water)-transfected and VSSC (Na(v)1.2 + beta 1)-transfected oocytes after a 1 h exposure was measured using liquid scintillation counting. Successful transfection of Na(v)1.2 + beta(1) VSSCs in X. laevis oocytes was confirmed by two-electrode voltage-clamp; inward, tetrodotoxin (TTX)-sensitive currents were obtained in 98% of all oocytes examined (n = 60 in nine experiments). DLT (1.0 mu M) induced tail currents in all VSSC-transfected oocytes; TTX also blocked these DLT-induced tail currents. In 0.1 mu M DLT solution, non-transfected oocytes accumulated 0.098 +/- 0.01 ppm [H-3]-DLT, sham-transfected oocytes accumulated 0.06 +/- 0.01 ppm DLT, and VSSC-transfected oocytes accumulated 0.050 +/- 0.009 ppm DLT. In 1.0 mu M DLT solution, non-transfected oocytes accumulated 0.62 +/- 0.08 ppm DLT, sham-transfected oocytes accumulated 0.60 +/- 0.09 ppm DLT, and VSSC-transfected oocytes accumulated 0.51 +/- 0.07 ppm DLT. There was a significant difference in DLT accumulation between VSSC-transfected oocytes and non-transfected controls, where the transfected oocytes consistently had less accumulation. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Meacham, Connie A.; Crofton, Kevin M.; Shafer, Timothy J.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Neurotoxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Watkins, Jennifer A.] N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Shafer, TJ (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Neurotoxicol Div, MD-BI05-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM shafer.tim@epa.gov
RI Shafer, Timothy/D-6243-2013; Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015
OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971
NR 25
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 0
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0887-2333
J9 TOXICOL IN VITRO
JI Toxicol. Vitro
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 8
BP 1672
EP 1677
DI 10.1016/j.tiv.2007.05.002
PG 6
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 239ZZ
UT WOS:000251558100036
PM 17574382
ER
PT J
AU Pascual, P
AF Pascual, Pasky
TI Avoiding tragedies of the intellectual commons through Integrated Impact
Assessments
SO WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE environmental models; integrated water resources management; integrated
impact assessment; mercury
AB This paper suggests that an ex ante assessment of future social, environmental, and economic impacts i.e., an Integrated Impact Assessment, as advocated by the European Commission might be precisely the sort of interdisciplinary and numerate analytical tool to give administrative reality to the principles of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM). For these assessments to be an effective administrative tool for IWRM, the general public must be able to use them to transparently compare environmental, social, and economic values and to compel states to pursue policies consistent with their underlying analyses. In making this argument, this paper compares the use of integrated assessments by the European Union and the United States in addressing mercury pollution.
C1 [Pascual, Pasky] US EPA, CREM, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Pascual, P (reprint author), US EPA, CREM, 1200 Penn Ave,MC-8701F, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM pascual.pasky@epa.gov
NR 19
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0920-4741
J9 WATER RESOUR MANAG
JI Water Resour. Manag.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 12
BP 2005
EP 2013
DI 10.1007/s11269-006-9130-3
PG 9
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 241FK
UT WOS:000251642100003
ER
PT J
AU Verma, M
Brar, SK
Tyagi, RD
Surampalli, RY
Valero, JR
AF Verma, Mausam
Brar, Satinder K.
Tyagi, Rajeshwar Dayal
Surampalli, Rao Y.
Valero, Jose R.
TI Industrial wastewaters and dewatered sludge: rich nutrient source for
production and formulation of biocontrol agent, Trichoderma viride
SO WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biocontrol; conidia; entomotoxicity; Trichoderma viride; wastewater;
sludge
ID CELLULASE-FREE XYLANASE; THERMOMYCES-LANUGINOSUS; WASTE-WATER;
HARZIANUM; CULTURE; FUNGI; ENZYMES
AB Axenic cultivation of biocontrol fungus Trichoderma viride was conducted on a synthetic medium and different wastewaters and wastewater sludges in shake flasks to search for a suitable raw material resulting in higher biocontrol activity. Soluble starch based synthetic medium, dewatered municipal sludge, cheese industry wastewater sludge, pre-treated and untreated pulp and paper industry wastewater and slaughter house wastewater (SHW) were tested for T. viride conidia and protease enzyme production. The maximum conidia production followed the order, soluble starch medium (> 10 9 c.f.u./mL), untreated pulp and paper industry wastewater (4.9 x 10 7 c.f.u./mL) > cheese industry wastewater (1.88 x 10 7 c.f.u./mL) approximate to SHW (1.63 x 10 7 c.f.u./mL) > dewatered municipal sludge (3.5 x 10 6 c.f.u./mL) > pre-treated pulp and paper industry wastewater (1.55 x 10 6 c.f.u./mL). The protease activity of T. viride was particularly higher in slaughterhouse wastewater (2.14 IU/ mL) and dewatered municipal sludge (1.94 IU/ mL). The entomotoxicity of soluble starch based synthetic medium was lower (approximate to 6090 SBU/mu L) in contrast to other raw materials. The entomotoxicity inversely decreased with carbon to nitrogen ratio in the growth medium and the conidia concentration and protease activity also contributed to the entomotoxicity. The residual c.f.u./g formulation of T. viride conidia were up to approximately, 90% after 1 month at 4 +/- 1 degrees C and about 70% after 6 months at 25 +/- 1 degrees C. Thus, production of T. viride conidia would help in marketability of low cost biopesticide from the sludge and safe reduction of pollution load.
C1 Univ Quebec, INRS, ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS, ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 10
U1 4
U2 6
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0959-3993
J9 WORLD J MICROB BIOT
JI World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
PD DEC
PY 2007
VL 23
IS 12
BP 1695
EP 1703
DI 10.1007/s11274-007-9417-4
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 217AX
UT WOS:000249921900006
PM 27517824
ER
PT J
AU Ekman, DR
Teng, Q
Jensen, KM
Martinovic, D
Villeneuve, DL
Ankley, GT
Collette, TW
AF Ekman, D. R.
Teng, Q.
Jensen, K. M.
Martinovic, D.
Villeneuve, D. L.
Ankley, G. T.
Collette, T. W.
TI NMR analysis of male fathead minnow urinary metabolites: A potential
approach for studying impacts of chemical exposures
SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE NMR spectroscopy; fathead minnow; metabolomics; metabolite profiling;
vinclozolin
ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; MULTIPLE-QUANTUM NMR; VIVO P-31 NMR; DRUG
TOXICITY; H-1-NMR METABOLOMICS; BLOOD-PLASMA; SPECTROSCOPY;
METABONOMICS; TOXICOLOGY; GENOMICS
AB The potential for profiling metabolites in urine from male fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) to assess chemical exposures was explored using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Both one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectroscopy was used for the assignment of metabolites in urine from unexposed fish. Because fathead minnow urine is dilute, we lyophilized these samples prior to analysis. Furthermore, 1D H-1 NMR spectra of unlyophilized urine from unexposed male fathead minnow and Sprague-Dawley rat were acquired to qualitatively compare rat and fish metabolite profiles and to provide an estimate of the total urinary metabolite pool concentration difference. As a small proof-of-concept study, lyophilized urine samples from male fathead minnows exposed to three different concentrations of the antiandrogen vinclozolin were analyzed by 1D H-1 NMR to assess exposure-induced changes. Through a combination of principal components analysis (PCA) and measurements of H-1 NMR peak intensities, several metabolites were identified as changing with statistical significance in response to exposure. Among those changes occurring in response to exposure to the highest concentration (450 mu g/L) of vinclozolin were large increases in taurine, lactate, acetate, and formate. These increases coincided with a marked decrease in hippurate, a combination potentially indicative of hepatotoxicity. The results of these investigations clearly demonstrate the potential utility of an NMR-based approach for assessing chemical exposures in male fathead minnow, using urine collected from individual fish. Published by Elsevier B.V
C1 US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Ekman, DR (reprint author), US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, 960 Coll Stn Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM ekman.drew@epa.gov
OI Martinovic-Weigelt, Dalma/0000-0002-9973-4965
NR 29
TC 40
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 26
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-445X
J9 AQUAT TOXICOL
JI Aquat. Toxicol.
PD NOV 30
PY 2007
VL 85
IS 2
BP 104
EP 112
DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.08.005
PG 9
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
GA 227OP
UT WOS:000250667800003
PM 17897733
ER
PT J
AU Nelson, GM
Ahlborn, GJ
Delker, DA
Kitchin, KT
O'Brien, TG
Chen, Y
Kohan, MJ
Roop, BC
Ward, WO
Allen, JW
AF Nelson, Gail M.
Ahlborn, Gene J.
Delker, Don A.
Kitchin, Kirk T.
O'Brien, Thomas G.
Chen, Yan
Kohan, Michael J.
Roop, Barbara C.
Ward, William O.
Allen, James W.
TI Folate deficiency enhances arsenic effects on expression of genes
involved in epidermal differentiation in transgenic K6/ODC mouse skin
SO TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE epidermal differentiation; folate deficiency; gene expression; ODC
transgenic mouse; skin; sodium arsenite
ID FINGER TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS; SODIUM ARSENITE; OXIDATIVE STRESS;
KERATINOCYTE DIFFERENTIATION; TUMOR PROGRESSION; FOLIC-ACID; C-FOS;
CELLS; CANCER; CARCINOGENESIS
AB Chronic arsenic exposure in humans is associated with cancers of the skin, lung, bladder and other tissues. There is evidence that folate deficiency may increase susceptibility to arsenic effects, including skin lesions. K6/ODC mice develop skin tumors when exposed to 10 ppm sodium arsenite for 5 months. In the current study, K6/ODC mice maintained on either a folate deficient or folate sufficient diet were exposed to 0, 1, or 10 ppm sodium arsenite in the drinking water for 30 days. Total RNA was isolated from skin samples and gene expression analyzed using Affymetrix Mouse 430 2.0 GeneChips. Data from 24 samples, with 4 mice in each of the 6 treatment groups, were RMA normalized and analyzed by two-way ANOVA using GeneSpring (TM). Top gene ontology (GO) categories for genes responding significantly to both arsenic treatment and folate deficiency include nucleotide metabolism and cell organization and biogenesis. For many of these genes, folate deficiency magnifies the response to arsenic treatment. In particular, expression of markers of epidermal differentiation, e.g., loricrin, small proline rich proteins and involucrin, was significantly reduced by arsenic in the folate sufficient animals, and reduced further or at a lower arsenic dose in the folate deficient animals. In addition, expression of a number of epidermal cell growth/proliferation genes and cellular movement genes was altered. These results indicate that arsenic disrupts the normal balance of cell proliferation and differentiation, and that folate, deficiency exacerbates these effects, consistent with the view that folate deficiency is a nutritional susceptibility factor for arsenic-induced skin tumorigenesis. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
ODC Mouse Grp Inc, Drexel Hill, PA USA.
RP Allen, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Environm Carcinogenesis Div, 109 TW Alexander Dr B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM allen.james@epa.gov
NR 69
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0300-483X
J9 TOXICOLOGY
JI Toxicology
PD NOV 30
PY 2007
VL 241
IS 3
BP 134
EP 145
DI 10.1016/j.tox.2007.08.094
PG 12
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 233QM
UT WOS:000251105400004
PM 17928125
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, Q
Streets, DG
He, K
Wang, Y
Richter, A
Burrows, JP
Uno, I
Jang, CJ
Chen, D
Yao, Z
Lei, Y
AF Zhang, Qiang
Streets, David G.
He, Kebin
Wang, Yuxuan
Richter, Andreas
Burrows, John P.
Uno, Itsushi
Jang, Carey J.
Chen, Dan
Yao, Zhiliang
Lei, Yu
TI NOx emission trends for China, 1995-2004: The view from the ground and
the view from space
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID SIMULATED TROPOSPHERIC NO2; GOME-SATELLITE DATA; ENERGY-CONSUMPTION;
ANTHROPOGENIC EMISSIONS; POLICY IMPLICATIONS; FUEL COMBUSTION; CO2
EMISSIONS; ASIA; INVENTORIES; SO2
AB A rapid increase of NO2 columns over China has been observed by satellite instruments in recent years. We present a 10-a regional trend of NOx emissions in China from 1995 to 2004 using a bottom-up methodology and compare the emission trends with the NO2 column trends observed from GOME and SCIAMACHY, the two spaceborne instruments. We use a dynamic methodology to reflect the dramatic change in China's NOx emissions caused by energy growth and technology renewal. We use a scenario analysis approach to identify the possible sources of uncertainties in the current bottom-up inventory, in comparison with the satellite observation data. Our best estimates for China's NOx emissions are 10.9 Tg in 1995 and 18.6 Tg in 2004, increasing by 70% during the period considered. NOx emissions and satellite-based NO2 columns show broad agreement in temporal evolution and spatial distribution. Both the emission inventory data and the satellite observations indicate a continuous and accelerating growth rate between 1996 and 2004 over east central China. However, the growth rate from the emission inventory is lower than that from the satellite observations. From 1996 to 2004, NOx emissions over the region increased by 61% according to the inventory, while a 95% increase in the NO2 columns measured by satellite was observed during the same period. We found good agreement during summertime but a large discrepancy during wintertime. The consistency between the summertime trends suggests that the bias cannot be due to systematic error of activity data or emission factors. The reasons for the discrepancy cannot yet be fully identified, but possible explanations include an underestimation in seasonal emission variations, variability of meteorology, NOx injection height, and the increasing trend of sulfate aerosols.
C1 Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
Tsinghua Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Argonne Natl Lab, Decis & Informat Sci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA.
Kyushu Univ, Res Inst Appl Mech, Fukuoka 8168580, Japan.
Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA.
RP Zhang, Q (reprint author), Univ Bremen, Inst Environm Phys, D-28359 Bremen, Germany.
RI Lei, Yu/G-6247-2013; Uno, Itsushi/B-5952-2011; Richter,
Andreas/C-4971-2008; Wang, Yuxuan/C-6902-2014; Zhang, Qiang/D-9034-2012;
Kyushu, RIAM/F-4018-2015; U-ID, Kyushu/C-5291-2016; lei, yu/D-3274-2016;
Chen, Dan/R-4486-2016; Burrows, John/B-6199-2014
OI Streets, David/0000-0002-0223-1350; Richter,
Andreas/0000-0003-3339-212X; Wang, Yuxuan/0000-0002-1649-6974; Burrows,
John/0000-0002-6821-5580
NR 84
TC 231
Z9 261
U1 22
U2 113
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 2169-897X
EI 2169-8996
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD NOV 29
PY 2007
VL 112
IS D22
AR D22306
DI 10.1029/2007JD008684
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 237AX
UT WOS:000251346100002
ER
PT J
AU Cisneros, GA
Elking, D
Piquemal, JP
Darden, TA
AF Cisneros, G. Andres
Elking, Dennis
Piquemal, Jean-Philip
Darden, Thomas A.
TI Numerical fitting of molecular properties to Hermite Gaussians
SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
LA English
DT Article
ID INTERMOLECULAR INTERACTION ENERGY; ELECTROSTATIC POTENTIALS;
BIOMOLECULAR SIMULATION; CHARGE-DISTRIBUTION; MODEL; MECHANICS; DENSITY;
COMPUTATIONS
AB A procedure is presented to fit gridded molecular properties to auxiliary basis sets (ABSs) of Hermite Gaussians, analogous to the density fitting (DF) method (Dunlap; et al. J. Chem. Phys. 1979, 71, 4993). In this procedure, the ab initio calculated properties (density, electrostatic potential, and/or electric field) are fitted via a linear- or nonlinear-least-squares procedure to auxiliary basis sets (ABS). The calculated fitting coefficients from the numerical grids are shown to be more robust than analytic density fitting due to the neglect of the core contributions. The fitting coefficients are tested by calculating intermolecular Coulomb and exchange interactions for a set of dimers. It is shown that the numerical instabilities observed in DF are caused by the attempt of the ABS to fit the core contributions. In addition, this new approach allows us to reduce the number of functions required to obtain an accurate fit. This results in decreased computational cost, which is shown by calculating the Coulomb energy of a 4096 water box in periodic boundary conditions. Using atom centered Hermite Gaussians, this calculation is only I order of magnitude slower than conventional atom-centered point charges.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Univ Paris 06, CNRS, UMR 7616, Chim Theor Lab, F-75252 Paris, France.
RP Cisneros, GA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RI Cisneros, Gerardo/B-3128-2010; Piquemal, Jean-Philip/B-9901-2009
OI Piquemal, Jean-Philip/0000-0001-6615-9426
FU Intramural NIH HHS [NIH0011757912, Z01 ES043010-22]
NR 40
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1089-5639
J9 J PHYS CHEM A
JI J. Phys. Chem. A
PD NOV 29
PY 2007
VL 111
IS 47
BP 12049
EP 12056
DI 10.1021/jp074817r
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical
SC Chemistry; Physics
GA 234DK
UT WOS:000251140700015
PM 17973464
ER
PT J
AU Courtney, LA
Fisher, WS
Raimondo, S
Oliver, LM
Davis, WP
AF Courtney, Lee A.
Fisher, William S.
Raimondo, Sandy
Oliver, Leah M.
Davis, William P.
TI Estimating 3-dimensional colony surface area of field corals
SO JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE 3D modeling; coral 3D surface area; coral morphology; coral
reconstruction; Diploria; hemispheric surrogate; log-linear model;
Montastraea; photogrammetry; surface area estimation
ID REEF CORALS; RED-SEA; POCILLOPORA-DAMICORNIS; HERMATYPIC CORALS; SPECIES
DIVERSITY; GROWTH; ZOOXANTHELLAE; RESPIRATION; NITROGEN; ALGAE
AB Colony surface area is a critical descriptor for biological and physical attributes of reef-building (scleractinian, stony) corals. The three-dimensional (3D) size and structure of corals are directly related to many ecosystem values and functions. Most methods to estimate colony surface area have been limited to laboratory settings and cannot be used for field corals. Photographic methods for digital 3D reconstruction were applied here to determine the accuracy of three different approaches for estimating colony surface area of field corals from simple underwater measurements. The approaches include a volumetric size-class method, a hemispherical surrogate and a suite of log-linear models generated from stepwise multiple regression analyses of digitally-reconstructed colonies. For each approach, surface area values were calculated from field measurements of colony size and the accuracy was determined by comparison with digitally-derived values for the same colonies. Accuracy varied among approaches; log-linear models (12% difference) were most accurate, followed by the hemispherical surrogate (17% difference) and size-classes (40% difference). The log-linear and hemispherical surrogate approaches are potentially applicable to at least nine common coral species. The photographic reconstruction method, although time-consuming and not intended for routine application, was shown by comparison with laser-scanned images to provide a highly accurate method for determining 3D colony surface area. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
RP Courtney, LA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Gulf Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
EM courtney.lee@epa.gov
NR 32
TC 25
Z9 26
U1 1
U2 16
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0022-0981
J9 J EXP MAR BIOL ECOL
JI J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol.
PD NOV 23
PY 2007
VL 351
IS 1-2
BP 234
EP 242
DI 10.1016/j.jembe.2007.06.021
PG 9
WC Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 220JG
UT WOS:000250152400022
ER
PT J
AU Monteith, DT
Stoddard, JL
Evans, CD
de Wit, HA
Forsius, M
Hogasen, T
Wilander, A
Skjelkvale, BL
Jeffries, DS
Vuorenmaa, J
Keller, B
Kopacek, J
Vesely, J
AF Monteith, Donald T.
Stoddard, John L.
Evans, Christopher D.
de Wit, Heleen A.
Forsius, Martin
Hogasen, Tore
Wilander, Anders
Skjelkvale, Brit Lisa
Jeffries, Dean S.
Vuorenmaa, Jussi
Keller, Bill
Kopacek, Jiri
Vesely, Josef
TI Dissolved organic carbon trends resulting from changes in atmospheric
deposition chemistry
SO NATURE
LA English
DT Article
ID NITROGEN DEPOSITION; HUMIC SUBSTANCES; FOREST; EXPORT; SOILS; FINLAND;
CLIMATE; SULFATE; STREAMS; MATTER
AB Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain recent, widespread increases in concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the surface waters of glaciated landscapes across eastern North America and northern and central Europe(1-3). Some invoke anthropogenic forcing through mechanisms related to climate change(3-5), nitrogen deposition(6) or changes in land use(7), and by implication suggest that current concentrations and fluxes are without precedent. All of these hypotheses imply that DOC levels will continue to rise, with unpredictable consequences for the global carbon cycle. Alternatively, it has been proposed that DOC concentrations are returning toward pre-industrial levels as a result of a gradual decline in the sulphate content of atmospheric deposition(8-10). Here we show, through the assessment of time series data from 522 remote lakes and streams in North America and northern Europe, that rising trends in DOC between 1990 and 2004 can be concisely explained by a simple model based solely on changes in deposition chemistry and catchment acid-sensitivity. We demonstrate that DOC concentrations have increased in proportion to the rates at which atmospherically deposited anthropogenic sulphur and sea salt have declined. We conclude that acid deposition to these ecosystems has been partially buffered by changes in organic acidity and that the rise in DOC is integral to recovery from acidification. Over recent decades, deposition-driven increases in organic matter solubility may have increased the export of DOC to the oceans, a potentially important component of regional carbon balances(11). The increase in DOC concentrations in these regions appears unrelated to other climatic factors.
C1 UCL, Environm Change Res Ctr, London WC1E 6BT, England.
US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales.
Norwegian Inst Water Res, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
Finnish Environm Inst, FI-00251 Helsinki, Finland.
Dept Environm Assessment SLU, SE-75007 Uppsala, Sweden.
Environm Canada, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
Laurentian Univ, Ontario Minist Environm, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada.
Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Hydrobiol, Ctr Biol, Ceske Budejovice 37005, Czech Republic.
Czech Geol Survey, Prague 15200, Czech Republic.
RP Monteith, DT (reprint author), UCL, Environm Change Res Ctr, Mortimer St, London WC1E 6BT, England.
EM dmonteit@geog.ucl.ac.uk
RI Evans, Christopher/F-2087-2010; Monteith, Donald/C-1534-2008; Keller,
Wendel/G-1533-2012; Kopacek, Jiri/A-7373-2014;
OI Evans, Christopher/0000-0002-7052-354X; Monteith,
Donald/0000-0003-3219-1772; Stoddard, John/0000-0002-2537-6130
NR 30
TC 664
Z9 677
U1 56
U2 519
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 0028-0836
J9 NATURE
JI Nature
PD NOV 22
PY 2007
VL 450
IS 7169
BP 537
EP U9
DI 10.1038/nature06316
PG 5
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 234JW
UT WOS:000251158500044
PM 18033294
ER
PT J
AU Chattopadhyay, R
Iacob, R
Majumder, R
Tomer, KB
Lentz, BR
AF Chattopadhyay, Rima
Iacob, Roxana
Majumder, Rinku
Tomer, Kenneth B.
Lentz, Barry R.
TI Functional and structural characterization of factor Xa dimer in
solution
SO BLOOD
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology
CY DEC 08-11, 2007
CL Atlanta, GA
SP Amer Soc Hematol
C1 [Chattopadhyay, Rima; Majumder, Rinku; Lentz, Barry R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biochem & Biophys, Program Mol & Cellular Biophys, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Iacob, Roxana; Tomer, Kenneth B.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0006-4971
J9 BLOOD
JI Blood
PD NOV 16
PY 2007
VL 110
IS 11
MA 2698
BP 792A
EP 792A
PN 1
PG 1
WC Hematology
SC Hematology
GA 233OS
UT WOS:000251100803480
ER
PT J
AU Graziewicz, MA
Bienstock, RJ
Copeland, WC
AF Graziewicz, Maria A.
Bienstock, Rachelle J.
Copeland, William C.
TI The DNA polymerase gamma Y955C disease variant associated with PEO and
parkinsonism mediates the incorporation and translesion synthesis
opposite 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine
SO HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
ID PROGRESSIVE EXTERNAL OPHTHALMOPLEGIA; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA NEURONS; P55
ACCESSORY SUBUNIT; STEADY-STATE KINETICS; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; OXIDATIVE
DAMAGE; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; NUCLEIC-ACIDS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE;
NUCLEOTIDE INSERTION
AB Mitochondrial DNA is replicated and repaired by DNA polymerase gamma (pol gamma), encoded by the POLG gene. The Y955C substitution in POLG leads to autosomal dominant progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO) with other severe phenotypes. PEO patients with this mutation can further develop parkinsonism or premature ovarian failure. Mouse and yeast models with this mutation show enhanced amounts of oxidative lesions and increased mtDNA damage. In DNA pol gamma, Tyr955 plays a critical role in catalysis and high fidelity DNA synthesis. 7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2 '-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) is one of the most common oxidative lesions in DNA and can promote transversion mutations. Mitochondria are thought to be a major source of endogenous reactive oxygen species that can react with dG to form 8-oxo-dG as one of the more common products. DNA polymerases can mitigate mutagenesis by 8-oxo-dG through allosteric interactions from amino acid side chains, which limit the anti-conformation of the 8-oxo-dG template base during translesion DNA synthesis. Here, we show that the Y955C pol g displays relaxed discrimination when either incorporating 8-oxo-dGTP or translesion synthesis opposite 8-oxo-dG. Molecular modeling and biochemical analysis suggest that this residue, Tyr955, in conjunction with Phe961 helps attenuate the anti-conformation in human pol g for error free bypass of 8-oxo-dG and substitution to Cys allows the mutagenic syn conformation. Collectively, these results offer a biochemical link between the observed oxidative stress in model systems and parkinsonism in patients, suggesting that patients harboring the Y955C POLG mutation may undergo enhanced oxidative stress and DNA mutagenesis.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comp Sci Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Copeland, WC (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM copelan1@niehs.nih.gov
OI Bienstock, Rachelle/0000-0001-5228-3610
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES065078-14]
NR 68
TC 51
Z9 52
U1 0
U2 0
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0964-6906
J9 HUM MOL GENET
JI Hum. Mol. Genet.
PD NOV 15
PY 2007
VL 16
IS 22
BP 2729
EP 2739
DI 10.1093/hmg/ddm227
PG 11
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 227SZ
UT WOS:000250679400009
PM 17725985
ER
PT J
AU Kimura, T
Perry, J
Anzai, N
Pritchard, JB
Moaddel, R
AF Kimura, T.
Perry, J.
Anzai, N.
Pritchard, J. B.
Moaddel, R.
TI Development and characterization of immobilized human organic anion
transporter-based liquid chromatographic stationary phase: hOAT1 and
hOAT2
SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL
AND LIFE SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE hOAT1; hOAT2; drug transporters; affinity chromatography
ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; CATION TRANSPORTERS;
MOLECULAR-CLONING; KIDNEY; MEDIATE; FAMILY; EXPRESSION; CIDOFOVIR;
TOXICITY; ADEFOVIR
AB This paper reports the development of liquid chromatographic columns containing immobilized organic anion transporters (hOAT1 and hOAT2). Cellular membrane fragments from MDCK cells expressing hOAT1 and S2 cells expressing hOAT2 were immobilized on the surface of the immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) liquid chromatographic stationary phase. The resulting stationary phases were characterized by frontal affinity chromatography, using the marker ligand [H-3]-adefovir for the hOAT1 and [C-14]-p-aminohippurate for the hOAT2 in the presence of multiple displacers. The determined binding affinities (K-d) for eight OAT1 ligands and eight OAT2 ligands were correlated with literature values and a statistically significant correlation was obtained for both the hOAT1 and hOAT2 columns: r(2) = 0.688 (p < 0.05) and r(2) = 0.9967 (p < 0.0001), respectively. The results indicate that the OAT1 and OAT2 have been successfully immobilized with retention of their binding activity. The use of these columns to identify ligands to the respective transporters will be presented. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, NIH, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Kyorin Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Tokyo 1818611, Japan.
RP Moaddel, R (reprint author), NIA, Gerontol Res Ctr, NIH, Bioanalyt & Drug Discovery Unit, 5600 Nathan Shock Dr, Baltimore, MD 21224 USA.
EM moaddelru@grc.nia.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 AG999999, Z01 ES048014-08, Z99 ES999999]
NR 27
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1570-0232
J9 J CHROMATOGR B
JI J. Chromatogr. B
PD NOV 15
PY 2007
VL 859
IS 2
BP 267
EP 271
DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.09.039
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry
GA 237VU
UT WOS:000251405300017
PM 17977807
ER
PT J
AU White, LD
Cory-Slechta, DA
Gilbert, ME
Tiffany-Castiglioni, E
Zawia, NH
Virgolini, M
Rossi-George, A
Lasley, SM
Qian, YC
Basha, MR
AF White, L. D.
Cory-Slechta, D. A.
Gilbert, M. E.
Tiffany-Castiglioni, E.
Zawia, N. H.
Virgolini, M.
Rossi-George, A.
Lasley, S. M.
Qian, Y. C.
Basha, Md. Riyaz
TI New and evolving concepts in the neurotoxicology of lead
SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 45th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Toxicology
CY MAR 05-09, 2006
CL San Diego, CA
SP Soc Toxicol
DE lead; stress; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; synaptic plasticity;
long-term potentiation; chaperones; conformational disease; Alzheimer's
disease; amyloid protein
ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; AMYLOID PRECURSOR PROTEIN; RAT GLIOMA-CELLS;
ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM STRESS; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; GYRUS IN-VIVO;
HIPPOCAMPAL SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY; GLUTAMINE-SYNTHETASE ACTIVITY;
D-ASPARTATE RECEPTORS; ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE
AB Lead (Pb) is a xenobiotic metal with no known essential function in cellular growth, proliferation, or signaling. Decades of research characterizing the toxicology of Pb have shown it to be a potent neurotoxicant, especially during nervous system development. New concepts in the neurotoxicology of Pb include advances in understanding the mechanisms and cellular specificity of Pb. Experimental studies have shown that stress can significantly alter the effects of Pb, effects that could potentially be mediated through alterations in the interactions of glucocorticoids with the mesocorticolimbic dopamine system of the brain. Elevated stress, with corresponding elevated glucocorticoid levels, has been postulated to contribute to the increased levels of many diseases and dysfunctions in low socioeconomic status populations. Cellular models of learning and memory have been utilized to investigate the potential mechanisms of Pb-induced cognitive deficits. Examination of long-term potentiation in the rodent hippocampus has revealed Pb-induced increases in threshold, decreases in magnitude, and shorter retention times of synaptic plasticity. Structural plasticity in the form of adult neurogenesis in the hippocampus is also impacted by Pb exposure. The action of Pb on glutamate release, NMDA receptor function, or structural plasticity may underlie perturbations in synaptic plasticity and contribute to learning impairments. In addition to providing insight into potential mechanisms of Pb-induced cognitive deficits, cellular models offer an opportunity to investigate direct effects of Pb on isolated biological substrates. A target of interest is the 78-kDa molecular chaperone glucose-regulated protein (GRP78). GRP78 chaperones the secretion of the cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) by astrocytes. In vitro evidence shows that Pb strongly binds to GRP78, induces GRP78 aggregation, and blocks IL-6 secretion in astroglial cells. These findings provide evidence for a significant chaperone deficiency in Pb-exposed astrocytes in culture. In the long term, chaperone deficiency could underlie protein conformational diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Lead exposure in early life has been implicated in subsequent progression of amyloidogenesis in rodents during old age. This exposure resulted in an increase in proteins associated with AD pathology viz., beta-amyloid precursor protein (beta-APP), and beta-amyloid (A). These four new lines of research comprise compelling evidence that exposures to Pb have adverse effects on the nervous system, that environmental factors increase nervous system Susceptibility to Pb, and that exposures in early life may cause neurodegeneration in later life. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Joint Inst Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci Inst, Newark, NJ 07103 USA.
Rutgers State Univ, Piscataway, NJ 08855 USA.
US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Texas A&M Univ, Ctr Environm & Rural Hlth, Dept Integrat Biosci, College Stn, TX USA.
Univ Rhode Isl, Dept Biomed & Pharmaceut Sci, Kingston, RI 02881 USA.
Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Canc Biol & Pharmacol, Peoria, IL 61656 USA.
RP White, LD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Environm Media Assessment Grp, Room B220L,109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Code B243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM white.lori@epa.gov
RI Qian, Yongchang/A-6968-2009;
OI Virgolini, Miriam/0000-0002-0784-2468
FU NIA NIH HHS [AG027246]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES013022, P30-ES09106, P42
ES004917, P42 ES04917]
NR 238
TC 163
Z9 170
U1 8
U2 40
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0041-008X
J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM
JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol.
PD NOV 15
PY 2007
VL 225
IS 1
BP 1
EP 27
DI 10.1016/j.taap.2007.08.001
PG 27
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 230AH
UT WOS:000250847200001
PM 17904601
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, JM
Ghio, AJ
Gao, MX
Wei, K
Rosen, GD
Upadhyay, D
AF Zhang, Jingmei
Ghio, Andrew J.
Gao, Mingxing
Wei, Ke
Rosen, Glenn D.
Upadhyay, Daya
TI Ambient particulate matter induces alveolar epithelial cell cycle
arrest: Role of G1 cyclins
SO FEBS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ambient air pollution particle; cell cycle arrest CDKs; G1 cyclins;
particulate matter
ID DEPENDENT KINASE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; AIR-POLLUTION; DNA-DAMAGE; LUNG;
CDK; TRANSITION; COMPLEXES
AB We hypothesized that the ambient air pollution particles (particulate matter; PM) induce cell cycle arrest in alveolar epithelial cells (AEC). Exposure of PM (25 mu g/cm(2)) to AEC induced cells cycle arrest in G1 phase, inhibited DNA synthesis, blocked cell proliferation and caused decrease in cyclin E, A, D1 and Cyclin E- cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-2 kinase activity after 4 h. PM induced upregulation of CDK inhibitor, p21 protein and p21 activity in AEC. SiRNAp21 blocked PM-induced downregulation of cyclins and AEC G1 arrest. Accordingly, we provide the evidence that PM induces AEC G1 arrest by altered regulation of G1 cyclins and CDKs. (C) 2007 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Zhang, Jingmei; Gao, Mingxing; Wei, Ke; Rosen, Glenn D.; Upadhyay, Daya] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
[Ghio, Andrew J.] US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Upadhyay, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pulm & Crit Care Med, 300 Pasteur Dr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM upadhyay@stanford.edu
OI Rosen, Glenn/0000-0001-8281-5446
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL010487, F32 HL010487, K08 HL076674, K08 HL076674-03]
NR 18
TC 18
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-5793
J9 FEBS LETT
JI FEBS Lett.
PD NOV 13
PY 2007
VL 581
IS 27
BP 5315
EP 5320
DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.10.020
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 267CU
UT WOS:000253487700023
PM 17977533
ER
PT J
AU Gawande, MB
Polshettiwar, V
Rajender, SVB
Jayaram, RV
AF Gawande, Manoj B.
Polshettiwar, Vivek
Rajender, S. Varma B.
Jayaram, Radha V.
TI An efficient and chemoselective Cbz-protection of amines using
silica-sulfuric acid at room temperature
SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cbz-protection; silica-sulfuric acid; solvent-free; greener synthesis
ID SOLVENT-FREE CONDITIONS; N-BENZYLOXYCARBONYL DERIVATIVES;
MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; AQUEOUS-MEDIUM;
HETEROGENEOUS SYSTEM; SUPPORTED REAGENTS; ORGANIC SYNTHESES; MILD
CONDITIONS; CATALYST
AB A simple, facile, and chemoselective N-benzyloxycarbonylation of amines using silica-sulfuric acid that proceeds under solvent-free conditions at room temperature has been achieved. These reactions are applicable to a wide variety of primary (aliphatic and cyclic) secondary amines, amino alcohols, and heterocyclic amines. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Polshettiwar, Vivek; Rajender, S. Varma B.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Gawande, Manoj B.; Jayaram, Radha V.] Inst Chem Technol, Dept Chem, Bombay, Maharashtra, India.
RP Rajender, SVB (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov; rvjayaram@udct.org
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012; Gawande, Dr. Manoj /K-4655-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668;
NR 34
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4039
J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT
JI Tetrahedron Lett.
PD NOV 12
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 46
BP 8170
EP 8173
DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.09.091
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 247RK
UT WOS:000252097100019
ER
PT J
AU Smolarkiewicz, PK
Sharman, R
Weil, J
Perry, SG
Heist, D
Bowker, G
AF Smolarkiewicz, Piotr K.
Sharman, Robert
Weil, Jeffrey
Perry, Steven G.
Heist, David
Bowker, George
TI Building resolving large-eddy simulations and comparison with wind
tunnel
SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
LA English
DT Article
DE urban boundary layers; terrain-following coordinates; immersed-boundary
approach; flow past a building
ID ADVECTION TRANSPORT ALGORITHM; PAST 3-DIMENSIONAL OBSTACLES; COORDINATE
TRANSFORMATION; GEOPHYSICAL FLOWS; MESH ADAPTIVITY; STRATIFIED FLOW;
ANELASTIC MODEL; EQUATIONS; BOUNDARY; MPDATA
AB We perform large-eddy simulations (LES) of the flow past a scale model of a complex building. Calculations are accomplished using two different methods to represent the edifice. The first method employs the standard Gal-Chen and Somerville terrain-following coordinate transformation, common in mesoscale atmospheric simulations. The second method uses an immersed boundary approach, in which fictitious body forces in the equations of motion are used to represent the building by attenuating the flow to stagnation within a time comparable to the time step of the model. Both methods are implemented in the same hydrodynamical code (EULAG) using the same nonoscillatory forward-in-time (NFT) incompressible dow solver based on the multidimensional positive definite advection transport algorithms (MPDATA). The two solution methods are compared to wind tunnel data collected for neutral stratification. Profiles of the first-and second-order moments at various locations around the model building show good agreement with the wind tunnel data. Although both methods appear to be viable tools for LES of urban flows, the immersed boundary approach is computationally more efficient. The results of these simulations demonstrate that, contrary to popular opinion, continuous mappings such as the Gal-Chen and Somerville transformation are not inherently limited to gentle slopes. Calculations for a strongly stratified case are also presented to point out the substantial differences from the neutral boundary layer flows. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
Univ Colorado, Cooperat Inst Res Environm Sci, Boulder, CO 80309 USA.
NOAA, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Atmospher Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Smolarkiewicz, PK (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA.
EM smolar@ucar.edu
NR 54
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 1
U2 6
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0021-9991
J9 J COMPUT PHYS
JI J. Comput. Phys.
PD NOV 10
PY 2007
VL 227
IS 1
BP 633
EP 653
DI 10.1016/j.jcp.2007.08.005
PG 21
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Physics, Mathematical
SC Computer Science; Physics
GA 234DE
UT WOS:000251140100031
ER
PT J
AU Miller, TA
Schaefer, FW
AF Miller, Thomas A.
Schaefer, Frank W., III
TI Changes in mouse circulating leukocyte numbers in C57BL/6 mice
immunosuppressed with dexamethasone for Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst
production
SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cryptosporidium parvurn; immunosuppression; leukocytes; T-lymphocytes;
dexamethasone; spleen; thymus; methylprednisolone acetate
ID GUT INTRAEPITHELIAL LYMPHOCYTES; ADULT MICE; T-CELLS; INFECTION; MURIS;
IMMUNITY; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; IMMUNOCOMPETENT; APOPTOSIS; WATER
AB The Iowa strain of Cryptosporidium parvum will not propagate in immunocompetent mice, but will successfully infect genetically immunocompromised nude or SCID mice as well as immunocompetent mice which have been immunosuppressed with glucocorticoids. Using dexamethasone-tetracycline is one published method for immunosuppressing mice for the production of C. parvum oocysts. However, dexamethasone-induced immunosuppression is variable, because it is dependent on the total daily water consumption of each individual mouse. The changes in circulating leukocytes and other immune system associated organs before, during and after dexamethasone suppression were analyzed for comparison with a new single injection methylprednisolone acetate (MPA) suppression model. The dexamethasone-induced immunocompromised state was associated with a greater than 90% sustained drop in circulating T-lymphocytes, a greater than 700% increase in circulating mature segmented neutrophils and a severe depletion of circulating monocytes. The thymus and spleen decreased in size by over 80%. Oocyst shedding in suppressed mice started within 4 days of oocyst inoculation and persisted for 6 days post-dexamethasone treatment. Seven days after dexamethasone withdrawal, circulating neutrophils still were 549% higher than controls. Circulating CD3 and CD4 lymphocytes remained depressed by 85-90% while on dexamethasone and for 7 days after discontinuing dexamethasone. CD8 lymphocyte numbers initially decreased by 90%, but rose even while on dexamethasone and even with severe thymic involution. At day 7 post-dexamethasone treatment, the spleen was 119 mm 3, approximating the same size as controls. Fourteen days post-dexamethasone treatment, which was 8 days after oocyst shedding had ceased, the CD8 counts per 5000 events were only 1.6% below controls, while the CD3 and CD4 counts were still depressed by 66%. The thymus now was about one quarter smaller than the controls. The rise in circulating CD8 lymphocytes, when oocyst production stopped, suggests that CD8 positive lymphocytes may play a significant role in vivo in clearing the parasite. The overall pattern of immunosuppression was nearly identical to that observed with the methylprednisolone acetate immunosuppression model. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Schaefer, FW (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Schaefer.Frank@EPA.GOV
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4017
J9 VET PARASITOL
JI Vet. Parasitol.
PD NOV 10
PY 2007
VL 149
IS 3-4
BP 147
EP 157
DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.08.017
PG 11
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 227JW
UT WOS:000250654000002
PM 17904293
ER
PT J
AU Polshettiwar, V
Molnar, A
AF Polshettiwar, Vivek
Molnar, Arpad
TI Silica-supported Pd catalysts for Heck coupling reactions (vol 63, pg
6949, 2007)
SO TETRAHEDRON
LA English
DT Correction
C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
[Molnar, Arpad] Univ Szeged, Dept Organ Chem, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary.
RP Polshettiwar, V (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM vivekpol@yahoo.com
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668
NR 6
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 2
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4020
J9 TETRAHEDRON
JI Tetrahedron
PD NOV 5
PY 2007
VL 63
IS 45
BP 11223
EP 11223
DI 10.1016/j.tet.2007.08.045
PG 1
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 247QK
UT WOS:000252094200044
ER
PT J
AU Chou, JW
Zhou, T
Kaufmann, WK
Paules, RS
Bushel, PR
AF Chou, Jeff W.
Zhou, Tong
Kaufmann, William K.
Paules, Richard S.
Bushel, Pierre R.
TI Extracting gene expression patterns and identifying co-expressed genes
from microarray data reveals biologically responsive processes
SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; CHECKPOINT; PROFILES; CANCER
AB Background: A common observation in the analysis of gene expression data is that many genes display similarity in their expression patterns and therefore appear to be co-regulated. However, the variation associated with microarray data and the complexity of the experimental designs make the acquisition of co-expressed genes a challenge. We developed a novel method for Extracting microarray gene expression Patterns and Identifying co-expressed Genes, designated as EPIG. The approach utilizes the underlying structure of gene expression data to extract patterns and identify co-expressed genes that are responsive to experimental conditions.
Results: Through evaluation of the correlations among profiles, the magnitude of variation in gene expression profiles, and profile signal-to-noise ratio's, EPIG extracts a set of patterns representing co-expressed genes. The method is shown to work well with a simulated data set and microarray data obtained from time-series studies of dauer recovery and LI starvation in C. elegans and after ultraviolet (UV) or ionizing radiation (IR)-induced DNA damage in diploid human fibroblasts. With the simulated data set, EPIG extracted the appropriate number of patterns which were more stable and homogeneous than the set of patterns that were determined using the CLICK or CAST clustering algorithms. However, CLICK performed better than EPIG and CAST with respect to the average correlation between clusters/patterns of the simulated data. With real biological data, EPIG extracted more dauer-specific patterns than CLICK. Furthermore, analysis of the IR/UV data revealed 18 unique patterns and 2661 genes out of approximately 17,000 that were identified as significantly expressed and categorized to the patterns by EPIG. The time-dependent patterns displayed similar and dissimilar responses between IR and UV treatments. Gene Ontology analysis applied to each pattern-related subset of co-expressed genes revealed underlying biological processes affected by IR-and/or UV-induced DNA damage.
Conclusion: EPIG competed with CLICK and performed better than CAST in extracting patterns from simulated data. EPIG extracted more biological informative patterns and co-expressed genes from both C. elegans and IR/UV-treated human fibroblasts. Using Gene Ontology analysis of the genes in the patterns extracted by EPIG, several key biological categories related to p53-dependent cell cycle control were revealed from the IR/UV data. Among them were mitotic cell cycle, DNA replication, DNA repair, cell cycle checkpoint, and G(0)-like status transition. EPIG can be applied to data sets from a variety of experimental designs.
C1 [Chou, Jeff W.; Paules, Richard S.; Bushel, Pierre R.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Microarray Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Zhou, Tong; Kaufmann, William K.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Environm Hlth & Susceptibil, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Zhou, Tong; Kaufmann, William K.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
RP Bushel, PR (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Microarray Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM chou@niehs.nih.gov; tzhou@email.unc.edu; bill_kaufmann@med.unc.edu;
paules@niehs.nih.gov; bushel@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIEHS NIH HHS [U19 ES011391]
NR 30
TC 22
Z9 25
U1 1
U2 3
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2105
J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS
JI BMC Bioinformatics
PD NOV 2
PY 2007
VL 8
AR 427
DI 10.1186/1471-2105-8-427
PG 16
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 253XJ
UT WOS:000252550600001
PM 17980031
ER
PT J
AU Bonner, MR
Coble, J
Blair, A
Freeman, LEB
Hoppin, JA
Sandler, DP
Alavanja, MCR
AF Bonner, Matthew R.
Coble, Joseph
Blair, Aaron
Freeman, Laura E. Beane
Hoppin, Jane A.
Sandler, Dale P.
Alavanja, Michael C. R.
TI Malathion exposure and the incidence of cancer in the agricultural
health study
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE malathion; neoplasms; pesticides
ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS INSECTICIDE MALATHION;
CHROMOSOMAL-ABERRATIONS; PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; IN-VITRO; MICRONUCLEUS
ASSAY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; PROSTATE-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; WORKERS
AB Malathion is the most common organophosphate insecticide applied in the United States, and while some studies suggest that it may be clastogenic, its carcinogenicity has not been demonstrated in rodents. However, malathion has been associated with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in several epidemiologic studies. The authors investigated associations between malathion exposure and cancer among 19,717 pesticide applicators enrolled in the Agricultural Health Study between 1993 and 1997. Information on lifetime years and days per year of use and intensity of malathion exposure was obtained with self-administered questionnaires prior to the onset of any cancer. The average follow-up time was 7.5 years (1993-2002). Rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Poisson regression, adjusting for potential confounders. Overall, lifetime days of malathion use (top tertile of exposure, >39 days) was not associated with all cancers combined (rate ratio = 0.97, 95% confidence interval: 0.81, 1.15). The risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was not associated with malathion use, although the number of cases was small. The risk of melanoma with more than 39 lifetime exposure-days was 0.39 (95% confidence interval: 0.14, 1.03). In summary, malathion exposure was not clearly associated with cancer at any of the sites examined. Although the rate ratios for melanoma were reduced, small numbers and lack of experimental evidence suggest that the observed reductions may have arisen by chance.
C1 NCI, Natl Inst Hlth, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 20892 USA.
RP Alavanja, MCR (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 2160 Executive Blvd, Bethesda, MD USA.
EM alavanjm@exchange.nih.gov
RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015;
OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Sandler,
Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 62
TC 40
Z9 44
U1 2
U2 13
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 166
IS 9
BP 1023
EP 1034
DI 10.1093/aje/kwm182
PG 12
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 223VN
UT WOS:000250400700006
PM 17720683
ER
PT J
AU Pongsiri, M
AF Pongsiri, Montira
TI The US EPA's multidisciplinary approach to examining the links between
biodiversity and human health
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 56th Annual Meeting of the
American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene
CY NOV 04-08, 2007
CL Philadelphia, PA
SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg
C1 [Pongsiri, Montira] US Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE
PI MCLEAN
PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA
SN 0002-9637
J9 AM J TROP MED HYG
JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 77
IS 5
SU S
MA 721
BP 207
EP 207
PG 1
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine
GA 228UN
UT WOS:000250758201182
ER
PT J
AU Sen, K
Schable, NA
Lye, DJ
AF Sen, Keya
Schable, Nancy A.
Lye, Dennis J.
TI Development of an internal control for evaluation and standardization of
a quantitative PCR assay for detection of Helicobacter pylori in
drinking water
SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COCCOID FORMS; HYPOCHLOROUS ACID; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DIAGNOSTIC PCR; DNA;
ENVIRONMENT; SURVIVAL; AMPLIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; VIABILITY
AB Due to metabolic and morphological changes that can prevent Helicobacter pylori cells in water from growing on conventional media, an H. pylori-specific TaqMan quantitative PCR (qPCR) assay was developed that uses a 6-carboxyfluorescein-labeled probe (A. E. McDaniels, L. Wymer, C. Rankin, and R. Haugland, Water Res. 39:4808-4816, 2005). However, proper internal controls are needed to provide an accurate estimate of low numbers of H. pylori in drinking water. In this study, the 135-bp amplicon described by McDaniels et al. was modified at the probe binding region, using PCR mutagenesis. The fragment was incorporated into a single-copy plasmid to serve as a PCR-positive control and cloned into Escherichia coli to serve as a matrix spike. It was shown to have a detection limit of five copies, using a VIC dye-labeled probe. A DNA extraction kit was optimized that allowed sampling of an entire liter of water. Water samples spiked with the recombinant E. coli cells were shown to behave like H. pylori cells in the qPCR assay. The recombinant E. coli cells were optimized to be used at 10 cells/liter of water, where they were shown not to compete with 5 to 3,000 cells of H. pylori in a duplex qPCR assay. Four treated drinking water samples spiked with H. pylori (100 cells) demonstrated similar cycle threshold values if the chlorine disinfectant was first neutralized by sodium thiosulfate.
C1 US EPA, Off Water, Tech Support Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Sen, K (reprint author), US EPA, Off Water, Tech Support Ctr, MLS 140,26 W ML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM sen.keya@epa.gov
NR 44
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0099-2240
J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB
JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 73
IS 22
BP 7380
EP 7387
DI 10.1128/AEM.00687-07
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 233PR
UT WOS:000251103300033
PM 17905876
ER
PT J
AU Carlton, AG
Turpin, BJ
Altieri, KE
Seitzinger, S
Reff, A
Lim, HJ
Ervens, B
AF Carlton, Annmarie G.
Turpin, Barbara J.
Altieri, Katye E.
Seitzinger, Sybil
Reff, Adam
Lim, Ho-Jin
Ervens, Barbara
TI Atmospheric oxalic acid and SOA production from glyoxal: Results of
aqueous photooxidation experiments
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE secondary organic aerosol; aqueous-phase atmospheric chemistry; glyoxal;
oxalic acid; organic PM; cloud processing
ID SECONDARY ORGANIC AEROSOL; DICARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; OLIGOMER FORMATION;
HYDROXYL RADICALS; MARINE ATMOSPHERE; RATE CONSTANTS;
OXIDATION-PRODUCTS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PHASE REACTIONS; GLYOXYLIC-ACID
AB Aqueous-phase photooxidation of glyoxal, a ubiquitous water-soluble gas-phase oxidation product of many compounds, is a potentially important global and regional source of oxalic acid and secondary organic aerosol (SOA). Reaction kinetics and product analysis are needed to validate and refine current aqueous-phase mechanisms to facilitate prediction of in-cloud oxalic acid and SOA formation from glyoxal. In this work, aqueous-phase photochemical reactions of glyoxal and hydrogen peroxide were conducted at pH values typical of clouds and fogs (i.e., pH = 4-5). Experimental time series concentrations were compared to values obtained using a published kinetic model and reaction rate constants from the literature. Experimental results demonstrate the formation of oxalic acid, as predicted by the published aqueous phase mechanism. However, the published mechanism did not reproduce the glyoxylic and oxalic acid concentration dynamics. Formic acid and larger multifunctional compounds, which were not previously predicted, were also formed. An expanded aqueous-phase oxidation mechanism for glyoxal is proposed that reasonably explains the concentration dynamics of formic and oxalic acids and includes larger multifunctional compounds. The coefficient of determination for oxalic acid prediction was improved from 0.001 to > 0.8 using the expanded mechanism. The model predicts that less than 1% of oxalic acid is formed through the glyoxylic acid pathway. This work supports the hypothesis that SOA forms through cloud processing of glyoxal and other water-soluble products of alkenes and aromatics of anthropogenic, biogenic and marine origin and provides reaction kinetics needed for oxalic acid prediction. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 [Carlton, Annmarie G.] NOAA, ASMD, ARL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Turpin, Barbara J.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Environm Sci, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Altieri, Katye E.; Seitzinger, Sybil] Rutgers State Univ, NOAA, Inst Marine & Coastal Sci, CMER Program, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA.
[Reff, Adam] US EPA, AMD, NERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Lim, Ho-Jin] Kyungpook Natl Univ, Dept Environm Engn, Taegu 702701, South Korea.
[Ervens, Barbara] Colorado State Univ, Dept Atmospher Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA.
RP Turpin, BJ (reprint author), NOAA, ASMD, ARL, Mail Drop E-243-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM turpin@envsci.rutgers.edu
RI Carlton, Annmarie/A-7867-2011; Turpin, Barbara /D-8346-2012; Ervens,
Barbara/D-5495-2013; Altieri, Katye/M-5231-2014; Manager, CSD
Publications/B-2789-2015
OI Carlton, Annmarie/0000-0002-8574-1507; Ervens,
Barbara/0000-0002-6223-1635; Altieri, Katye/0000-0002-6778-4079;
NR 75
TC 220
Z9 221
U1 11
U2 137
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
EI 1873-2844
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 35
BP 7588
EP 7602
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.035
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 243WZ
UT WOS:000251829300018
ER
PT J
AU Vitorino, R
Calheiros-Lobo, MJ
Williams, J
Ferrer-Correia, AJ
Tomer, KB
Duarte, JA
Domingues, PM
Amado, FM
AF Vitorino, Rui
Calheiros-Lobo, Maria Joao
Williams, Jason
Ferrer-Correia, Antonio J.
Tomer, Kenneth B.
Duarte, Jose A.
Domingues, Pedro M.
Amado, Francisco M.
TI Peptidomic analysis of human acquired enamel pellicle
SO BIOMEDICAL CHROMATOGRAPHY
LA English
DT Article
DE acquired enamel pellicle; whole saliva; LC-MS/MS; salivary peptides;
proteolytic activity
ID PROLINE-RICH PROTEINS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IN-VITRO; SALIVARY PEPTIDES;
CROSS-LINKING; HYDROXYAPATITE; ADSORPTION; STATHERIN; IDENTIFICATION;
HISTATINS
AB Human acquired enamel pellicle is the result of a selective interaction of salivary proteins and peptides with the tooth surface. In the present work, the characterization of the peptides as well as the type of interactions established with the enamel surface was performed. Peptides from in vivo bovine enamel implants in the human oral cavity were sequentially extracted using guanidine and trifluoroacetic acid solutions and the fractions obtained were analysed by LC-MS and LC-MS/MS. Based on the LC-MS data, six phosphorylated peptides were identified in an intact form, strongly adsorbed to the enamel surface. Data from the LC-MS/MS analyses allowed us to identified 30 fragment peptides non-covalently bonded to enamel [basic proline-rich proteins, histatins (I and 3) and acidic proline-rich protein classes]. The tandem mass spectrometry experiments showed the existence of a pattern of amide bond cleavage for the different identified peptide classes suggesting a selective proteolytic activity. For histatins, a predominance of cleavage at Arg, Lys and His residues was observed, while for basic proline-rich proteins, cleavage at Arg and Pro residues prevailed. In the case of acidic proline-rich proteins, a clearly predominance of cleavage of the Gln-Gly amide bond was evident. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
C1 Univ Aveiro, Dept Chem, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Univ Porto, Fac Sport, CIAFEL, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, DHHS, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Amado, FM (reprint author), Univ Aveiro, Dept Chem, P-3810193 Aveiro, Portugal.
EM famado@dq.ua.pt
RI Tomer, Kenneth/E-8018-2013; Domingues, Pedro/E-5202-2010; Duarte,
Jose/F-1443-2013; PTMS, RNEM/C-1589-2014; Vitorino, Rui/G-7356-2014;
Amado, Francisco/M-5337-2015
OI Domingues, Pedro/0000-0002-8060-7675; Duarte, Jose/0000-0003-4756-5917;
Vitorino, Rui/0000-0003-3636-5805; CALHEIROS-LOBO, MARIA
JOAO/0000-0003-1692-9108; Amado, Francisco/0000-0001-8256-1749
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 45
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD
PI CHICHESTER
PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND
SN 0269-3879
J9 BIOMED CHROMATOGR
JI Biomed. Chromatogr.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 11
BP 1107
EP 1117
DI 10.1002/bmc.830
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology;
Chemistry, Analytical; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 237FE
UT WOS:000251358800001
PM 17516463
ER
PT J
AU Yokley, KA
Evans, MV
AF Yokley, Karen A.
Evans, Marina V.
TI An example of model structure differences using sensitivity analyses in
physiologically based pharmacokinetic models of trichloroethylene in
humans
SO BULLETIN OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE trichloroethylene (TCE); PBPK; sensitivity analysis
ID OXIDATIVE METABOLITES; KIDNEY TUMORIGENESIS; TRICHLOROACETIC-ACID;
CHLORAL HYDRATE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; ISSUES; MICE; EXPOSURE
AB Trichloroethylene (TCE) is an industrial chemical and an environmental contaminant. TCE and its metabolites may be carcinogenic and affect human health. Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models that differ in compartmentalization are developed for TCE metabolism in humans, and the focus of this investigation is to evaluate alternative models. The two models formulated differ in the compartmentalization of metabolites; more specifically, one model has compartments for all chemicals and the other model has only a generalized body compartment for each the metabolites and contains multiple compartments for the parent, TCE. The models are compared through sensitivity analyses in order to selectively discriminate with regards to model structure. Sensitivities to a parameter of cardiac output (Q (cc) ) are calculated, and the more compartmentalized model predictions for excretion show lower sensitivity to changes in this parameter. Values of Q(cc) used in the sensitivity analyses are specifically chosen to be applicable to adults of ages into the low 60s. Since information about cardiac output across a population is not often incorporated into a PBPK model, the more compartmentalized ("full") model is probably a more appropriate mathematical description of TCE metabolism, but further study may be necessary to decide which model is a more reasonable option if distributional information about Q (cc) is used. The study is intended to illustrate how sensitivity analysis can be used in order to make appropriate decisions about model development when considering physiological parameters than vary across the population.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
US EPA, ORD NHEERL ETD PKB, RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Yokley, KA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
EM Yokley.Karen@epamail.epa.gov
NR 29
TC 1
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0092-8240
J9 B MATH BIOL
JI Bull. Math. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 69
IS 8
BP 2591
EP 2625
DI 10.1007/s11538-007-9233-x
PG 35
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology
GA 224RB
UT WOS:000250463000007
PM 17896160
ER
PT J
AU Robertson, SL
Smedley, JG
Singh, U
Chakrabarti, G
Van Itallie, CM
Anderson, JM
McClane, BA
AF Robertson, Susan L., III
Smedley, James G.
Singh, Usha
Chakrabarti, Ganes
Van Itallie, Christina M.
Anderson, James M.
McClane, Bruce A.
TI Compositional and stoichiometric analysis of Clostridium perfringens
enterotoxin complexes in Caco-2 cells and claudin 4 fibroblast
transfectants
SO CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TIGHT-JUNCTION STRANDS; STAPHYLOCOCCAL ALPHA-HEMOLYSIN; HEPTAMERIC
TRANSMEMBRANE PORE; MAMMALIAN PLASMA-MEMBRANE; PERMEABILITY ALTERATIONS;
A ENTEROTOXIN; VERO CELLS; GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; MOLECULAR WEIGHTS; DEATH
PATHWAYS
AB Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) binds to host cell receptors, forming a small complex precursor for two large complexes reportedly having molecular masses of similar to 155 or similar to 200 kDa. Formation of the similar to 155 kDa complex causes a Ca2+ influx that leads to apoptosis or oncosis. CPE complex composition is currently poorly understood, although occludin was identified in the similar to 200 kDa complex. The current study used heteromer gel shift analysis to show both CPE large complexes contain six CPE molecules. Ferguson plots and size exclusion chromatography re-sized the similar to 155 and similar to 200 kDa complexes as similar to 425-500 kDa and similar to 550-660 kDa respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation and electroelution studies demonstrated both CPE-binding and non-CPE-binding claudins are associated with all three CPE complexes in Caco-2 cells and with small complex and similar to 425-500 kDa complex of claudin 4 transfectants. Fibroblast transfectants expressing claudin 4 or C-terminal truncated claudin 4 were CPE-sensitive and formed the similar to 425 kDa complex, indicating claudin-induced cell signalling is not required for CPE action and that expression of a single receptor claudin suffices for similar to 425-500 kDa CPE complex formation. These results identify CPE as a unique toxin that combines with tight junction proteins to form high-molecular-mass hexameric pores and alter membrane permeability.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Struct Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Mol Genet & Biochem, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
Roche Pharmaceut, Dept Metab Dis, Nutley, NJ USA.
Zydus Res Ctr, Moraiya Ahmedabad, India.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Cell & Mol Phys, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP McClane, BA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Struct Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM bamcc@pitt.edu
FU NIAID NIH HHS [R37-AI019844-24]; NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 45134]
NR 74
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 3
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1462-5814
EI 1462-5822
J9 CELL MICROBIOL
JI Cell Microbiol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 9
IS 11
BP 2734
EP 2755
DI 10.1111/j.1462-5822.2007.00994.x
PG 22
WC Cell Biology; Microbiology
SC Cell Biology; Microbiology
GA 215QO
UT WOS:000249824300016
PM 17587331
ER
PT J
AU Princiotta, F
AF Princiotta, Frank
TI Mitigating global climate change through power-generation technology
SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING PROGRESS
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Princiotta, F (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 13
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER INST CHEMICAL ENGINEERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 3 PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5901 USA
SN 0360-7275
J9 CHEM ENG PROG
JI Chem. Eng. Prog.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 103
IS 11
BP 24
EP 32
PG 9
WC Engineering, Chemical
SC Engineering
GA 230YQ
UT WOS:000250912700017
ER
PT J
AU Glaser, JA
AF Glaser, J. A.
TI US renewable energy consumption
SO CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
LA English
DT News Item
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Glaser, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Glaser.John@EPA.gov
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1618-954X
J9 CLEAN TECHNOL ENVIR
JI Clean Technol. Environ. Policy
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 9
IS 4
BP 249
EP 252
DI 10.1007/s10098-007-0117-4
PG 4
WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Environmental;
Environmental Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering; Environmental Sciences
& Ecology
GA 371IV
UT WOS:000260825900003
ER
PT J
AU Polshettiwar, V
Varma, RS
AF Polshettiwar, Vivek
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Greener and sustainable approaches to the synthesis of pharmaceutically
active heterocycles
SO CURRENT OPINION IN DRUG DISCOVERY & DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Review
DE aqueous medium; drug discovery; green chemistry; heterocycles; microwave
irradiation
ID MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; AQUEOUS N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; SOLVENT-FREE
SYNTHESIS; ONE-POT; ORGANIC-SYNTHESIS; 1,3-DIPOLAR CYCLOADDITION;
STEREOSELECTIVE-SYNTHESIS; SUPPORTED REAGENTS; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; WATER
AB Green chemistry is a rapidly developing field providing a proactive avenue for the sustainable development of future science and technology. Green chemistry can be applied to the design of highly efficient, environmentally benign synthetic protocols to deliver life-saving medicines, and to accelerate lead optimization processes in drug discovery, while minimizing environmental impact. It also offers enhanced chemical process economics, concomitant with a reduced environmental burden. This review summarizes relatively environmentally benign protocols for the synthesis of pharmaceutically active heterocycles that highlight the advantages of using green chemistry, for example, by proceeding under microwave irradiation or in aqueous reaction media.
C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668
NR 52
TC 71
Z9 71
U1 2
U2 15
PU THOMSON SCIENTIFIC
PI LONDON
PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND STREET, LONDON, W1T 4JE, ENGLAND
SN 1367-6733
J9 CURR OPIN DRUG DISC
JI Curr. Opin. Drug Discov. Dev.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 10
IS 6
BP 723
EP 737
PG 15
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 228IR
UT WOS:000250724100007
PM 17987524
ER
PT J
AU Wang, MZ
Wu, JQ
Bridges, AS
Zeldin, DC
Kornbluth, S
Tidwell, RR
Hall, JE
Paine, MF
AF Wang, Michael Zhuo
Wu, Judy Qiju
Bridges, Arlene S.
Zeldin, Darryl C.
Kornbluth, Sally
Tidwell, Richard R.
Hall, James Edwin
Paine, Mary F.
TI Human enteric microsomal CYP4F enzymes o-demethylate the antiparasitic
prodrug pafuramidine
SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
LA English
DT Article
ID ARACHIDONIC-ACID; HUMAN LIVER; IN-VITRO; INHIBITION; METABOLISM; RAT;
CYP2J2; 2,5-BIS(4-AMIDINOPHENYL)FURAN-BIS-O-METHYLAMIDOXIME;
INVOLVEMENT; ACTIVATION
AB CYP4F enzymes, including CYP4F2 and CYP4F3B, were recently shown to be the major enzymes catalyzing the initial oxidative O-demethylation of the antiparasitic prodrug pafuramidine (DB289) by human liver microsomes. As suggested by a low oral bioavailability, DB289 could undergo first-pass biotransformation in the intestine, as well as in the liver. Using human intestinal microsomes (HIM), we characterized the enteric enzymes that catalyze the initial O-demethylation of DB289 to the intermediate metabolite, M1. M1 formation in HIM was catalyzed by cytochrome P450 (P450) enzymes, as evidenced by potent inhibition by 1-aminobenzotriazole and the requirement for NADPH. Apparent K-m and V-max values ranged from 0.6 to 2.4 mu M and from 0.02 to 0.89 nmol/ min/mg protein, respectively (n = 9). Of the P450 chemical inhibitors evaluated, ketoconazole was the most potent, inhibiting M1 formation by 66%. Two inhibitors of P450-mediated arachidonic acid metabolism, HET0016 (N-hydroxy-N-'-(4-n-butyl-2-methylphenyl) formamidine) and 17-octadecynoic acid, inhibited M1 formation in a concentration-dependent manner (up to 95%). Immunoinhibition with an antibody raised against CYP4F2 showed concentration-dependent inhibition of M1 formation (up to 92%), whereas antibodies against CYP3A4/5 and CYP2J2 had negligible to modest effects. M1 formation rates correlated strongly with arachidonic acid omega-hydroxylation rates (r(2) = 0.94, P < 0.0001, n = 12) in a panel of HIM that lacked detectable CYP4A11 protein expression. Quantitative Western blot analysis revealed appreciable CYP4F expression in these HIM, with a mean (range) of 7 (3-18) pmol/mg protein. We conclude that enteric CYP4F enzymes could play a role in the first-pass biotransformation of DB289 and other xenobiotics.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Canc Biol, Durham, NC USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Resp Biol, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Paine, MF (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Pharm, 311 Pharm Lane,CB 7360, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM mpaine@med.unc.edu
RI BRIDGES, ARLENE/N-4534-2013
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES025034-13]
NR 31
TC 32
Z9 34
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA
SN 0090-9556
J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS
JI Drug Metab. Dispos.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 11
BP 2067
EP 2075
DI 10.1124/dmd.107.016428
PG 9
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 222FV
UT WOS:000250282400013
PM 17709372
ER
PT J
AU Compton, JE
Hooker, TD
Perakis, SS
AF Compton, Jana E.
Hooker, Toby D.
Perakis, Steven S.
TI Ecosystem N distribution and delta N-15 during a century of forest
regrowth after agricultural abandonment
SO ECOSYSTEMS
LA English
DT Article
DE delta N-15; soil nitrogen; secondary succession; root biomass; foliar
nitrogen; chronosequence; nitrogen isotopes; ecosystem nitrogen; white
pine
ID N-15 NATURAL-ABUNDANCE; SUB-ARCTIC PLANTS; PRECIPITATION GRADIENT;
NITROGEN AVAILABILITY; PRIMARY SUCCESSION; SURFACE SOILS; ORGANIC-C;
DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; CARBON
AB Stable isotope ratios of terrestrial ecosystem nitrogen (N) pools reflect internal processes and input-output balances. Disturbance generally increases N cycling and loss, yet few studies have examined ecosystem delta N-15 over a disturbance-recovery sequence. We used a chronosequence approach to examine N distribution and delta N-15 during forest regrowth after agricultural abandonment. Site ages ranged from 10 to 115 years, with similar soils, climate, land-use history, and overstory vegetation (white pine Pinus strobus). Foliar N and delta N-15 decreased as stands aged, consistent with a progressive tightening of the N cycle during forest regrowth on agricultural lands. Over time, foliar delta N-15 became more negative, indicating increased fractionation along the mineralization-mycorrhizal-plant uptake pathway. Total ecosystem N was constant across the chronosequence, but substantial internal N redistribution occurred from the mineral soil to plants and litter over 115 years (> 25% of ecosystem N or 1,610 kg ha(-1)). Temporal trends in soil delta N-15 generally reflected a redistribution of depleted N from the mineral soil to the developing O horizon. Although plants and soil delta N-15 are coupled over millennial time scales of ecosystem development, our observed divergence between plants and soil suggests that they can be uncoupled during the disturbance-regrowth sequence. The approximate 2 parts per thousand decrease in ecosystem delta N-15 over the century scale suggests significant incorporation of atmospheric N, which was not detected by traditional ecosystem N accounting. Consideration of temporal trends and disturbance legacies can improve our understanding of the influence of broader factors such as climate or N deposition on ecosystem N balances and delta N-15.
C1 US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
Forest & Rangeland Ecosyst Sci Ctr, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Compton, JE (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, Western Ecol Div, 300 SW 35Th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM compton.jana@epa.gov
NR 49
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 2
U2 48
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1432-9840
J9 ECOSYSTEMS
JI Ecosystems
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 10
IS 7
BP 1197
EP 1208
DI 10.1007/s10021-007-9087-y
PG 12
WC Ecology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 235HJ
UT WOS:000251224000010
ER
PT J
AU Hoven, J
Garelick, B
AF Hoven, John
Garelick, Barry
TI Singapore math
SO EDUCATIONAL LEADERSHIP
LA English
DT Article
C1 US Dept Justice, Antitrust Div, Washington, DC 20530 USA.
US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Hoven, J (reprint author), US Dept Justice, Antitrust Div, Washington, DC 20530 USA.
EM jhoven@gmail.com; barryg99@yahoo.com
NR 2
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 5
PU ASSOC SUPERVISION CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1703 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA
SN 0013-1784
J9 EDUC LEADERSHIP
JI Educ. Leadership
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 65
IS 3
BP 28
EP 31
PG 4
WC Education & Educational Research
SC Education & Educational Research
GA 232IS
UT WOS:000251013000008
ER
PT J
AU Noland, RB
Thomas, JV
AF Noland, Robert B.
Thomas, John V.
TI Multivariate analysis of trip-chaining behavior
SO ENVIRONMENT AND PLANNING B-PLANNING & DESIGN
LA English
DT Article
ID URBAN TRAVEL; DEMAND; DESIGN; FORM
AB This paper examines the relationship between patterns of trip chaining and urban form. The goal is to examine whether lower density environments are related to more frequent reliance upon trip chaining and more complex tours. The analysis uses the 2001 National Household Travel Survey to evaluate household individual travel and trip characteristics alongside a basic measure of residential density. Two estimation techniques, the ordered probit and the negative binomial model, are used to evaluate the factors associated with the tendency to combine trips into more complex tours, measured as the number of stops. The results indicate that, accounting for key household and traveler characteristics, lower density environments lead both to a greater reliance upon trip chaining and to tours that involve more stops along the way. This is followed by a household level analysis of tour generation. Crane and Krizek have suggested that more accessible areas will tend to generate more tours. However, we found no evidence for this in our analysis.
C1 [Noland, Robert B.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ctr Transport Studies, London SW7 2AZ, England.
[Thomas, John V.] US EPA, Dev Community & Environm Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Noland, RB (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Ctr Transport Studies, London SW7 2AZ, England.
EM r.noland@imperial.ac.uk; thomas.john@epa.gov
OI Noland, Robert/0000-0003-0775-0624
NR 21
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 1
PU PION LTD
PI LONDON
PA 207 BRONDESBURY PARK, LONDON NW2 5JN, ENGLAND
SN 0265-8135
J9 ENVIRON PLANN B
JI Environ. Plan. B-Plan. Des.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 6
BP 953
EP 970
DI 10.1068/b32120
PG 18
WC Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 251BZ
UT WOS:000252346900004
ER
PT J
AU Srinivasan, R
Lu, Q
Sorial, GA
Venosa, AD
Mullin, J
AF Srinivasan, Rangesh
Lu, Qiuli
Sorial, George A.
Venosa, Albert D.
Mullin, Joseph
TI Dispersant effectiveness of heavy fuel oils using the baffled flask test
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE baffled flask test; dispersant; dispersant effectiveness; heavy fuel
oils; oil spill; oil spill dispersants
ID EFFECTIVENESS PROTOCOL
AB Dispersants have been widely used as a primary response measure for marine oil spills around the world. Recently, the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA) developed an improved laboratory dispersant testing protocol, called the Baffled Flask Test ( BFT). The BFT protocol was used to determine the effectiveness of three commercially available dispersants on two heavy fuel oils, namely IFO 180 and IFO 380. The dispersants tested were C9500 ( Corexit 9500), SD25 ( Superdispersant 25), and Agma ( AGMA Superconcentrate DR379). A factorial experimental design was conducted to study the effect of different variables. The factors and levels of each test variable were three dispersant to oil ratios ( DOR) ( 1: 100, 2: 100, and 4: 100), two temperatures ( 16 C and 5 C), and three flask rotation speeds ( 150, 200, and 250 rpm). The percent effectiveness encountered ranged from less than 5% for untreated IFO oils to around 80% for one IFO and one dispersant at high mixing at 16 C. In general, dispersion effectiveness increased with increase temperature, DOR, and mixing rate. Statistical analysis was performed on the experimental data to determine the significant factors. Mixing speed was found to be a significant factor in all the oil-dispersant combinations and DOR in all tests involving two of the dispersants. The effect of temperature was observed for all combinations involving IFO 180 and a few involving IFO 380, and a significant two-way interaction was observed between temperature and the other two factors in almost all the cases. The experimental data were also compared with results from other laboratory and wave-tank dispersant effectiveness studies conducted on the two IFO oils. For both IFO 180 and IFO 380, the BFT compared well with the various laboratory and wave-tank tests.
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Technol Assessment & Res Branch, Minerals Management Serv, Herndon, VA 20170 USA.
RP Sorial, GA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM George.Sorial@uc.edu
NR 22
TC 13
Z9 14
U1 1
U2 19
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1092-8758
J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI
JI Environ. Eng. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 24
IS 9
BP 1307
EP 1320
DI 10.1089/ees.2006.0251
PG 14
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 231GS
UT WOS:000250935200010
ER
PT J
AU Bell, ML
Kim, JY
Dominici, F
AF Bell, Michelle L.
Kim, Jee Young
Dominici, Francesca
TI Potential confounding of particulate matter on the short-term
association between ozone and mortality in multisite time-series studies
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE confounding; mortality; ozone; particulate matter; PM10; PM2.5;
sensitivity analysis
ID AIR-POLLUTION; US CITIES; FINE; METAANALYSIS; PARTICLES; EXPOSURE;
PROJECT
AB BACKGROUND: A critical question regarding the association between short-term exposure to ozone and mortality is the extent to which this relationship is confounded by ambient exposure to particles.
OBJECTIVES: We investigated whether particulate matter < 10 and < 2.5 mu m in aerodynamic diameter (PM10 and PM2.5) is a confounder of the ozone and mortality association using data for 98 U.S. urban communities from 1987 to 2000.
METHODS: We a) estimated correlations between daily ozone and daily PM concentrations stratified by ozone or PM levels; b) included PM as a covariate in time-series models; and c) included PM as a covariate as in a), but within a subset approach considering only days with ozone below a specified value. RESULTS: Analysis was hindered by data availability. In the 93 communities with PM10 data, only 25.0% of study days had data on both ozone and PM10. In the 91 communities with PM2.5 data, only 9.2% of days in the study period had data on ozone and PM2.5. Neither PM measure was highly correlated with ozone at any level of ozone or PM. National and community-specific effect estimates of the short-term effects of ozone on mortality were robust to inclusion of PM10 or PM(2.)5 in time-series models. The robustness remains even at low ozone levels (< 10 ppb) using a subset approach.
CONCLUSIONS: Results provide evidence that neither PM10 nor PM(2.)5 is a likely confounder of observed ozone and mortality relationships. Further investigation is needed to investigate potential confounding of the short-term effects of ozone on mortality by PM chemical composition.
C1 Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD USA.
RP Bell, ML (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Forestry & Environm Studies, 205 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA.
EM michelle.bell@yale.edu
RI Wang, Linden/M-6617-2014
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R01 ES015028, R01-ES015028]
NR 22
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 1
U2 7
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 115
IS 11
BP 1591
EP 1595
DI 10.1289/ehp.10108
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 228YY
UT WOS:000250769700025
PM 18007990
ER
PT J
AU Long, TC
Tajuba, J
Sama, P
Saleh, N
Swartz, C
Parker, J
Hester, S
Lowry, GV
Veronesi, B
AF Long, Thomas C.
Tajuba, Julianne
Sama, Preethi
Saleh, Navid
Swartz, Carol
Parker, Joel
Hester, Susan
Lowry, Gregory V.
Veronesi, Bellina
TI Nanosize titanium dioxide stimulates reactive oxygen species in brain
microglia and damages neurons in vitro
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE BV2; environmental nanotoxicity; neurotoxicity; oxidative stress; P25;
titanium dioxide
ID ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS; ULTRAFINE PARTICLES;
OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TIO2; TOXICITY; CYTOTOXICITY;
NEUROTOXICITY; PULMONARY
AB BACKGROUND: Titanium dioxide is a widely used nanomaterial whose photo-reactivity suggests that it could damage biological targets (e.g., brain) through oxidative stress (OS).
OBJECTIVES: Brain cultures of immortalized mouse microglia (BV2), rat dopaminergic (DA) neurons (N27), and primary cultures of embryonic rat striatum, were exposed to Degussa P25, a commercially available TiO2 nanomaterial. Physical properties of P25 were measured under conditions that paralleled biological measures.
FINDINGS: P25 rapidly aggregated in physiological buffer (800-1,900 nm; 25 degrees C) and exposure media (similar to 330 nm; 37 degrees C), and maintained a negative zeta potential in both buffer (-12.2 +/- 1.6 mV) and media (-9.1 +/- 1.2 mV). BV2 microglia exposed to P25 (2.5-120 ppm) responded with an immediate and prolonged release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hoechst nuclear stain was reduced after 24-hr ( >= 100 ppm) and 48-hr (>= 2.5 ppm) exposure. Microarray analysis on P25-exposed BV2 microglia indicated up-regulation of inflammatory, apoptotic, and cell cycling pathways and down-regulation of energy metabolism. P25 (2.5-120 ppm) stimulated increases of intracellular ATP and caspase 3/7 activity in isolated N27 neurons (24-48 hr) but did not produce cytotoxicity after 72-hr exposure. Primary cultures of rat striatum exposed to P25 (5 ppm) showed a reduction of immunohistochemically stained neurons and microscopic evidence of neuronal apoptosis after 6-hr exposure. These findings indicate that P25 stimulates ROS in BV2 microglia and is nontoxic to isolated N27 neurons. However, P25 rapidly damages neurons at low concentrations in complex brain cultures, plausibly though microglial generated ROS.
C1 US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Constella Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Veronesi, B (reprint author), US EPA, NHEERL, NTD B105-06,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM veronesi.bellina@epa.gov
NR 46
TC 265
Z9 282
U1 11
U2 77
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 115
IS 11
BP 1631
EP 1637
DI 10.1289/ehp.10216
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 228YY
UT WOS:000250769700031
PM 18007996
ER
PT J
AU Balbus, JM
Maynard, AD
Colvin, VL
Castranova, V
Daston, GP
Denison, RA
Dreher, KL
Goering, PL
Goldberg, AM
Kulinowski, KM
Monteiro-Riviere, NA
Oberdorster, G
Omenn, GS
Pinkerton, KE
Ramos, KS
Rest, KM
Sass, JB
Silbergeld, EK
Wong, BA
AF Balbus, John M.
Maynard, Andrew D.
Colvin, Vicki L.
Castranova, Vincent
Daston, George P.
Denison, Richard A.
Dreher, Kevin L.
Goering, Peter L.
Goldberg, Alan M.
Kulinowski, Kristen M.
Monteiro-Riviere, Nancy A.
Oberdoerster, Guenter
Omenn, Gilbert S.
Pinkerton, Kent E.
Ramos, Kenneth S.
Rest, Kathleen M.
Sass, Jennifer B.
Silbergeld, Ellen K.
Wong, Brian A.
TI Meeting report: Hazard assessment for nanoparticles - Report from an
interdisciplinary workshop
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE nanomaterials; nanoparticle; nanotechnology; nanotoxicology; particle
toxicology
ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; PARTICULATE MATTER
AB In this report we present the findings from a nanotoxicology workshop held 6-7 April 2006 at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, DC. Over 2 days, 26 scientists from government, academia, industry, and nonprofit organizations addressed two specific questions: what information is needed to understand the human health impact of engineered nanoparticles and how is this information best obtained? To assess hazards of nanoparticles in the near-term, most participants noted the need to use existing in vivo toxicologic tests because of their greater familiarity and interpretability. For all types of toxicology tests, the best measures of nanoparticle dose need to be determined. Most participants agreed that a standard set of nanoparticles should be validated by laboratories worldwide and made available for benchmarking tests of other newly created nanoparticles. The group concluded that a battery of tests should be developed to uncover particularly hazardous properties. Given the large number of diverse materials, most participants favored a tiered approach. Over the long term, research aimed at developing a mechanistic understanding of the numerous characteristics that influence nanoparticle toxicity was deemed essential. Predicting the potential toxicity of emerging nanoparticles will require hypothesis-driven research that elucidates how physicochemical parameters influence toxic effects on biological systems. Research needs should be determined in the context of the current availability of testing methods for nanoscale particles. Finally, the group identified general policy and strategic opportunities to accelerate the development and implementation of testing protocols and ensure that the information generated is translated effectively for all stakeholders. Key words: nanomaterials, nanoparticle, nanotechnology, nanotoxicology, particle toxicology.
C1 Environm Def, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
Woodrow Wilson Int Ctr Scholars, Washington, DC 20560 USA.
Rice Univ, Houston, TX 77251 USA.
NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA.
Procter & Gamble Co, Cincinnati, OH USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA.
Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA.
Union Concerned Sci, Cambridge, MA USA.
Nat Resources Def Council, Washington, DC USA.
Hammer Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Balbus, JM (reprint author), Environm Def, 1875 Connecticut Ave NW 600, Washington, DC 20009 USA.
EM jbalbus@environmentaldefense.org
RI Maynard, Andrew/D-1076-2010;
OI Omenn, Gilbert S./0000-0002-8976-6074; Maynard,
Andrew/0000-0003-2117-5128
NR 13
TC 153
Z9 163
U1 5
U2 41
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 115
IS 11
BP 1654
EP 1659
DI 10.1289/chp.10327
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 228YY
UT WOS:000250769700034
PM 18007999
ER
PT J
AU Smith, PN
Cobb, GP
Godard-Codding, C
Hoff, D
McMurry, ST
Rainwater, TR
Reynolds, KD
AF Smith, Philip N.
Cobb, George P.
Godard-Codding, Celine
Hoff, Dale
McMurry, Scott T.
Rainwater, Thomas R.
Reynolds, Kevin D.
TI Contaminant exposure in terrestrial
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Review
DE exposure; terrestrial; vertebrate; contaminant; assessment
ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; CROCODILE
CROCODYLUS-MORELETII; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL CONGENERS; GLOBAL
DISTRIBUTION MODEL; TURTLE TRACHEMYS-SCRIPTA; LONG-RANGE TRANSPORT;
BLACK-FOOTED FERRETS; TOAD BUFO-AMERICANUS; MINK MUSTELA-VISON
AB Here we review mechanisms and factors influencing contaminant exposure among terrestrial vertebrate wildlife. There exists a complex mixture of biotic and abiotic factors that dictate potential for contaminant exposure among terrestrial and semi-terrestrial vertebrates. Chemical fate and transport in the environment determine contaminant bioaccessibility. species-specific natural history characteristics and behavioral traits then play significant roles in the likelihood that exposure pathways, from source to receptor, are complete. Detailed knowledge of natural history traits of receptors considered in conjunction with the knowledge of contaminant behavior and distribution on a site are critical when assessing and quantifying exposure. We review limitations in our understanding of elements of exposure and the unique aspects of exposure associated with terrestrial and semi-terrestrial taxa. We provide insight on taxa-specific traits that contribute, or limit exposure to, transport phenomenon that influence exposure throughout terrestrial systems, novel contaminants, bioavailability, exposure data analysis, and uncertainty associated with exposure in wildlife risk assessments. Lastly, we identify areas related to exposure among terrestrial and semi-terrestrial organisms that warrant additional research. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Texas Tech Univ, Inst Environm & Human Hlth, Dept Environm Toxicol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN USA.
US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Arizona Ecol Serv Field Off, Phoenix, AZ USA.
RP Smith, PN (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Inst Environm & Human Hlth, Dept Environm Toxicol, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA.
EM phil.smith@ttu.edu
NR 352
TC 61
Z9 64
U1 6
U2 42
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
EI 1873-6424
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 150
IS 1
BP 41
EP 64
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.06.009
PG 24
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 236AU
UT WOS:000251276200006
PM 17706848
ER
PT J
AU Pierik, FH
Klebanoff, MA
Brock, JW
Longnecker, MP
AF Pierik, Frank H.
Klebanoff, Mark A.
Brock, John W.
Longnecker, Matthew P.
TI Maternal pregnancy serum level of heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene,
and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane and risk of cryptorchidism in offspring
SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE cryptorchidism; organochlorine pesticides; environment; children;
endocrine disruptors
ID TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; CONGENITAL
CRYPTORCHIDISM; BREAST-MILK; HYPOSPADIAS; TESTIS; PREVALENCE; TRENDS
AB Prenatal exposure to environmental endocrine disrupters has been postulated to cause adverse effects on male reproductive health. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides with anti-androgenic and estrogenic potency has been shown to interfere with the sex-hormone-dependent process of testicular descent in animal models. We examined the relation between serum levels of the pesticides heptachlor epoxide (HCE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCCH) in pregnant women, and the occurrence of cryptorchidism in their sons. These three pesticides were previously suggested as risk factors for cryptorchidism. In a nested case-control design, we compared serum levels between mothers of cases (n = 219) and controls (n =: 564), selected from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a US birth cohort study of pregnancies in 1959-1966. The offspring of mothers with HCE levels above the 90th percentile compared to those below the 10th percentile had an adjusted odds ratio of cryptorchidisin of 1.2 (95% confidence interval 0.6-2.6); for beta-HCCH the odds ratio was 1.6 (0.7-3.6). For HC13 the adjusted odds ratio was near one. These results provide little support for an association of cryptorchidism with exposure to low levels of HCE or HCB. For beta-HCCH the findings were somewhat suggestive of an association but were inconclusive. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 TNO Qual Life, Dept Reprod & Perinatol, Leiden, Netherlands.
Erasmus MC, Univ Med Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Rockville, MD USA.
Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Pierik, FH (reprint author), TNO Environm & Hlth, Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6,POB 49, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands.
EM frank.pierik@tno.nl
OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES049016-12]
NR 45
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 2
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0013-9351
J9 ENVIRON RES
JI Environ. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 105
IS 3
BP 364
EP 369
DI 10.1016/j.envres.2007.04.005
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 230FD
UT WOS:000250860700009
PM 17532317
ER
PT J
AU Menetrez, MY
Foarde, KK
Webber, TD
Dean, TR
Betancourt, DA
AF Menetrez, Marc Y.
Foarde, Karin K.
Webber, Tricia D.
Dean, Timothy R.
Betancourt, Doris A.
TI Testing antimicrobial cleaner efficacy on gypsum wallboard contaminated
with Stachybotrys cbartarum
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE antimicrobial efficacy; biocontaminant; cleaners; gypsum wallboard;
mold; Stachybotrys chartarum
ID COMPOSTING FACILITIES; PULMONARY HEMORRHAGE; CHARTARUM; ENVIRONMENT;
GROWTH; (M)VOC
AB Goal, Scope and Background. Reducing occupant exposure to indoor mold is the goal of this research, through the efficacy testing of antimicrobial cleaners. Often mold contaminated building materials are not properly removed, but instead surface cleaners are applied in an attempt to alleviate the problem. The efficacy of antimicrobial cleaners to remove, eliminate or control mold growth on surfaces can easily be tested on non-porous surfaces. However, the testing of antimicrobial cleaner efficacy on porous surfaces, such as those found in the indoor environment such as gypsum board can be more complicated and prone to incorrect conclusions regarding residual organisms. The mold Stachybotrys chartarum has been found to be associated with idiopathic pulmonary hemorrhage in infants and has been studied for toxin production and its occurrence in water damaged buildings. Growth of S. chartarum on building materials such as gypsum wallboard has been frequently documented.
Methods. Research to control S. cbartarum growth using 13 separate antimicrobial cleaners on contaminated gypsum wallboard has been performed in laboratory testing. Popular brands of cleaning products were tested by following directions printed on the product packaging.
Results. A variety of gypsum wallboard surfaces were used to test these cleaning products at high relative humidity. The results indicate differences in antimicrobial efficacy for the six month period of testing.
Discussion. Results for the six types of GWB surfaces varied extensively. However, three cleaning products exhibited significantly better results than others. Lysol All-Purpose Cleaner-Orange Breeze (full strength) demonstrated results which ranked among the best in five of the six surfaces tested. Both Borax and Orange Glo Multipurpose Degreaser demonstrated results which ranked among the best in four of the six surfaces tested.
Conclusions. The best antimicrobial cleaner to choose is often dependent on the type of surface to be cleaned of S. cbartarum contamination. For Plain GWB, no paint, the best cleaners were Borax, Lysol All-Purpose Cleaner-Orange Breeze (full strength), Orange Glo Multipurpose Degreaser, and Fantastik Orange Action. Re
Recommendations and Perspectives. These results are not meant to endorse the incomplete removal of mold contaminated building materials. However, it is recognized that complete removal may not always be possible and solutions to control mold regrowth may contribute to reduced occupant exposure. Current recommendations of removal and replacement of porous building materials should be followed.
It is not the intension of this discussion to endorse any product. Reporting on the performance of these products under the stated conditions was and remains the only purpose.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Res Triangle Inst, Ctr Engn & Environm Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Menetrez, MY (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Air Pollut Prevent & Control Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM menetrez.marc@epa.gov
NR 13
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 14
PU ECOMED PUBLISHERS
PI LANDSBERG
PA JUSTUS-VON-LIEBIG-STR 1, D-86899 LANDSBERG, GERMANY
SN 0944-1344
J9 ENVIRON SCI POLLUT R
JI Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 14
IS 7
BP 523
EP 528
DI 10.1065/espr2007.03.397
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 229PW
UT WOS:000250817500019
PM 18062486
ER
PT J
AU Pyke, CR
Bierwagen, BG
Furlow, J
Gamble, J
Johnson, T
Julius, S
West, J
AF Pyke, Christopher R.
Bierwagen, Britta G.
Furlow, John
Gamble, Janet
Johnson, Thomas
Julius, Susan
West, Jordan
TI A decision inventory approach for improving decision support for climate
change impact assessment and adaption
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
LA English
DT Article
DE decision support; decision making; climate change; climate adaptation;
knowledge management
ID RATIONAL CHOICE; UNITED-STATES; RISK COMMUNICATION; SYSTEMS; TECHNOLOGY;
KNOWLEDGE; POLICY; ORGANIZATIONS; DYNAMICS; MANAGERS
AB Assessing and adapting to the impacts of climate change requires balancing social, economic, and environmental factors in the context of an ever-expanding range of objectives, uncertainties, and management options. The term decision support describes a diverse class of resources designed to help manage this complexity and assist decision makers in understanding impacts and evaluating management options. Most climate-related decision support resources implicitly assume that decision making is primarily limited by the quantity and quality of available information. However, a wide variety of evidence suggests that institutional, political, and communication processes are also integral to organizational decision making. Decision support resources designed to address these processes are underrepresented in existing tools. These persistent biases in the design and delivery of decision support may under-mine efforts to move decision support from research to practice. The development of new approaches to decision support that consider a wider range of relevant issues is limited by the lack of information about the characteristics, context, and alternatives associated with climate-related decisions. We propose a new approach called a decision assessment and decision inventory that will provide systematic information describing the relevant attributes of climate-related decisions. This information can be used to improve the design of decision support resources, as well as to prioritize research and development investments. Application of this approach will help provide more effective decision support based on a balanced foundation of analytical tools, environmental data, and relevant information about decisions and decision makers. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 CTG Energet Inc, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
US EPA, Global Change Res Program, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
US Agcy Int Dev, Climate Change Program, Washington, DC 20523 USA.
RP Pyke, CR (reprint author), CTG Energet Inc, 101 N Columbus St,Suite 401, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
EM cpyke@ctgenergetics.com
RI Bierwagen, Britta/G-5943-2010
NR 92
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1462-9011
J9 ENVIRON SCI POLICY
JI Environ. Sci. Policy
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 10
IS 7-8
BP 610
EP 621
DI 10.1016/j.envsci.2007.05.001
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 236LZ
UT WOS:000251305800003
ER
PT J
AU Usenko, S
Landers, DH
Appleby, PG
Simonich, SL
AF Usenko, Sascha
Landers, Dixon H.
Appleby, Peter G.
Simonich, Staci L.
TI Current and historical deposition of PBDEs, pesticides, PCBs, and PAHs
to rocky mountain national park
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PERSISTENT ORGANOCHLORINE COMPOUNDS; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS;
BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; ORGANIC CONTAMINANTS; NITROGEN DEPOSITION;
LAKES; SEDIMENTS; SNOW; COLORADO; TRENDS
AB An analytical method was developed for the trace analysis of 98 semivolatile organic compounds (SOCs) in remote, high-elevation lake sediment. Sediment cores from Lone Pine Lake (west of the Continental Divide) and Mills Lake (east of the Continental Divide) in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, were dated using Pb-210 and Cs-137 and analyzed for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), organochlorine pesticides, phosphorothioate pesticides, thiocarbamate pesticides, amide herbicides, triazine herbicides, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) using this method. SOC deposition profiles were reconstructed, and deposition half-lives and doubling times were calculated, for U.S. historic-use pesticides (HUPs) and current-use pesticides (CUPs) as well as PBDEs, PCBs, and PAHs. Sediment records indicate that the deposition of CUPs has increased in recent years, while the deposition of HUPs has decreased since U.S. restriction, but has not been eliminated. This is likely due to the revolatilization of HUPs from regional soils, atmospheric transport, and deposition. Differences in the magnitude of SOC sediment fluxes, flux profiles, time trends within those profiles, and isomeric ratios suggest that SOC deposition in high-elevation ecosystems is dependent on regional upslope wind directions and site location with respect to regional sources and topographic barriers.
C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Univ Liverpool, Environm Radioact Res Ctr, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England.
RP Simonich, SL (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Chem, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM Staci.Simonich@orst.edu
RI Usenko, Sascha/N-8730-2015;
OI Usenko, Sascha/0000-0003-3303-2909
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30ES00210]
NR 46
TC 55
Z9 60
U1 4
U2 42
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 21
BP 7235
EP 7241
DI 10.1021/es0710003
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 225ZE
UT WOS:000250556100013
PM 18044494
ER
PT J
AU Pleil, JD
Lorber, MN
AF Pleil, Joachim D.
Lorber, Matthew N.
TI Relative congener scaling of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and
dibenzofurans to estimate building fire contributions in air, surface
wipes, and dust samples
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID WORLD-TRADE-CENTER; POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; TOXIC EQUIVALENCY
FACTORS; NEW-YORK-CITY; LOWER MANHATTAN; CLUSTER-ANALYSIS; CENTER
DISASTER; HEALTH
AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency collected ambient air samples in lower Manhattan for about 9 months following the September 11, 2001 World Trade Center (WTC) attacks. Measurements were made of a host of airborne contaminants including volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, asbestos, lead, and other contaminants of concern. The present study focuses on the broad class of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (COOS) and dibenzofurans (CDFs) with specific emphasis on the 17 CDD/CDF congeners that exhibit mammalian toxicity. This work is a statistical study comparing the internal patterns of CDD/CDFs using data from an unambiguous fire event (WTC) and other data sets to help identify their sources. A subset of 29 samples all taken between September 16 and October 31, 2001 were treated as a basis set known to be heavily impacted by the WTC building fire source. A second basis set was created using data from Los Angeles and Oakland, CA as published by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and treated as the archetypical background pattern for CDD/CDFs. The CARB data had a congener profile appearing similar to background air samples from different locations in America and around the world and in different matrices, such as background soils. Such disparate data would normally be interpreted with a qualitative pattern recognition based on congener bar graphs or other forms of factor or cluster analysis that group similar samples together graphically. The procedure developed here employs aspects of those statistical methods to develop a single continuous output variable per sample. Specifically, a form of variance structure-based cluster analysis is used to group congeners within samples to reduce collinearity in the basis sets, new variables are created based on these groups, and multivariate regression is applied to the reduced variable set to determine a predictive equation. This equation predicts a value for an output variable, OPT: the predicted value of OPT is near zero (0.00) for a background congener profile and nearone (1.00)for the profile characterized by the WTC air profile. Although this empirical method is calibrated with relatively small sets of airborne samples, it is shown to be generalizable to other WTC, fire source, and background air samples as well as other sample matrices including soils, window films and other dust wipes, and bulk dusts. However, given the limited data set examined, the method does not allow further discrimination between the WTC data and the other fire sources. This type of analysis is demonstrated to be useful for complex trace-level data sets with limited data and some below-detection entries.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Pleil, JD (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM pleil.joachim@epa.gov
OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796
NR 34
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 21
BP 7286
EP 7293
DI 10.1021/es070714a
PG 8
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 225ZE
UT WOS:000250556100020
PM 18044501
ER
PT J
AU Hakala, JA
Chin, YP
Weber, EJ
AF Hakala, J. Alexandra
Chin, Yu-Ping
Weber, Eric J.
TI Influence of dissolved organic matter and Fe(II) on the abiotic
reduction of pentachloronitrobenzene
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID SUBSTITUTED NITROBENZENES; FE-II; IRON; TRANSFORMATION; KINETICS;
PESTICIDES; GOETHITE; ACID; DEGRADATION; HERBICIDES
AB Nitroaromatic pesticides (NAPS) are hydrophobic contaminants that can accumulate in sediments by the deposition of suspended solids from surface waters. Fe(II) and dissolved organic matter (DOM), present in suboxic and anoxic zones of freshwater sediments, can transform NAPs in natural systems. We studied the reduction of pentachloronitrobenzene (PCNB) to pentachloroaniline (PCA) in controlled studies using Fe(II) and surface water DOM isolates from Pony Lake, Antarctica, and Suwannee River, GA, in unfiltered and 0.45 mu m filtered solutions. We observed rapid reduction of PCNB to PCA in the presence of Fe(II)) and DOM (t(1/2) approximate to 30 min to 4 h) and very limited reduction in DOM-only systems. DOM in unfiltered systems inhibited iron colloid formation and potentially limited the formation of reactive Fe(II)-iron colloid surface complexes, causing reductive transformation in Fe(II)-DOM media. to be slower in some cases relative to Fe(II)-only controls. Conversely, in 0.45 mu m filtered solutions, PCNB reduction in Fe(II)-DOM media was faster than the Fe(II)-only controls, suggesting that DOM enhances the reductive capacity of Fe(II)) in the absence of iron colloids. This work shows that DOM may significantly affect the reactivity of Fe(II) toward NAPS under suboxic and anoxic conditions in natural wetland sediments.
C1 Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Chin, YP (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Sch Earth Sci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
EM yo@geology.ohio-state.edu
NR 30
TC 42
Z9 46
U1 6
U2 36
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 21
BP 7337
EP 7342
DI 10.1021/es070648c
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 225ZE
UT WOS:000250556100027
PM 18044508
ER
PT J
AU Choi, H
Antoniou, MG
Pelaez, M
De la Cruz, AA
Shoemaker, JA
Dionysiou, DD
AF Choi, Hyeok
Antoniou, Maria G.
Pelaez, Miguel
De la Cruz, Armah A.
Shoemaker, Jody A.
Dionysiou, Dionysios D.
TI Mesoporous nitrogen-doped TiO2 for the photocatalytic destruction of the
cyanobacterial toxin Microcystin-LR under visible light irradiation
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE; DEGRADATION; OXIDATION; HEPATOTOXINS; MEMBRANES;
TOXICITY; REMOVAL; WATERS; OXIDES; PH
AB The presence of the harmful cyanobacterial toxins in water resources worldwide drives the development of an innovative and practical water treatment technology with great urgency. This study deals with two important aspects: the fabrication of mesoporous nitrogen-doped TiO2 (N-TiO2) photocatalysts and their environmental application for the destruction of microcystin-LR (MC-LR) under visible light. In a nanotechnological sol-gel synthesis method, a nitrogen-containing surfactant (dodecylammonium chloride) was introduced as a pore templating material for tailor-designing the structural properties of TiO2 and as a nitrogen dopant for its visible light response. The resulting N-TiO2 exhibited significantly enhanced structural properties including 2-8 nm mesoporous structure (porosity 44%) and high surface area of 150 m(2)/g. Red shift in light absorbance up to 468 nm, 0.9 eV lower binding energy of electrons in Ti 2p state, and reduced interplanar distance of crystal lattices proved nitrogen doping in the TiO2 lattice. Due to its narrow band gap at 2.65 eV, N-TiO2 efficiently degraded MC-LR under visible spectrum above 420 nm. Acidic condition (pH 3.5) was more favorable for the adsorption and photocatalytic degradation of MC-LR on N-TiO2 due to electrostatic attraction forces between negatively charged MC-LR and +6.5 mV charged N-TiO2. Even under UV light, MC-LR was decomposed 3-4 times faster using N-TiO2 than control TiO2. The degradation pathways and reaction intermediates of MC-LR were not directly related to the energy source for TiO2 activation (UV and visible) and nature of TiO2 (neat and nitrogen-doped). This study implies a strong possibility for the in situ photocatalytic remediation of contaminated water with cyanobacterial toxins and other toxic compounds using solar light, a sustainable source of energy.
C1 Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Dionysiou, DD (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA.
EM dionysios.d.dionysiou@uc.edu
OI Antoniou, Maria G./0000-0003-0738-6068
NR 33
TC 148
Z9 155
U1 10
U2 104
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 21
BP 7530
EP 7535
DI 10.1021/es0709122
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 225ZE
UT WOS:000250556100056
PM 18044537
ER
PT J
AU Chang, MW
Toghrol, F
Bentley, WE
AF Chang, Matthew Wook
Toghrol, Freshteh
Bentley, William E.
TI Toxicogenomic response to chlorination includes induction of major
virulence genes in staphylococcus aureus
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; DNA-DAMAGE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; HYPOCHLOROUS ACID;
HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; PROTEIN; STRESS; IDENTIFICATION; RECOMBINATION;
DISINFECTION
AB Despite the widespread use of chlorination for microbial control in aqueous environments, cellular response mechanisms of human pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, against chlorination remain unknown. In this work, genome-wide transcriptional analysis was performed to elucidate cellular response of S. aureus to hypochlorous acid, an active antimicrobial product of chlorination in aqueous solution. Our results suggest that hypochlorous acid repressed transcription of genes involved in cell wall synthesis, membrane transport, protein synthesis, and primary metabolism, while amino acid synthesis genes were induced. Furthermore, hypochlorous acid induced transcription of genes encoding major virulence factors of S. aureus, such as exotoxins, hemolysins, leukocidins, coagulases, and surface adhesion proteins, which all play essential roles in staphylococcal virulence. This work implies that chlorination may stimulate production of virulence factors, which provides new insight into host-pathogen interactions and effects of chlorine application for microbial control.
C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Biosyst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Chem & Biomed Engn, Singapore 637459, Singapore.
US EPA, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microarray Res Lab, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA.
RP Toghrol, F (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Biosyst Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
EM toghrol.freshteh@epa.gov
RI Chang, Matthew/G-6220-2010
NR 37
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 15
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 21
BP 7570
EP 7575
DI 10.1021/es070929k
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 225ZE
UT WOS:000250556100062
PM 18044543
ER
PT J
AU Ramirez-Alvarez, N
Macias-Zamora, JV
Burke, RA
Rodriguez-Villanueva, LV
AF Ramirez-Alvarez, Nancy
Macias-Zamora, Jose Vinicio
Burke, Roger A.
Rodriguez-Villanueva, Luz Veronica
TI Use of delta(13)c, delta(15)n, and carbon to nitrogen ratios to evaluate
the impact of sewage-derived particulate organic matter on the benthic
communities of the Southern California Bight
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE stable isotope ratios; organic matter; wastewater; benthos
ID STABLE-ISOTOPE RATIOS; FOOD-WEB; SEDIMENTS; ESTUARY; COAST;
HYDROCARBONS; INDICATORS; POLLUTION; ANIMALS; SULFUR
AB We measured stable isotope ratios (delta C-13 and delta N-15) of particulate organic matter (POM) sources and benthic organic matter compartments as well as sediment C to N ratios from the coastal area of the southern end of the Southern California Bight (SCB). We used the isotopic values to evaluate the relative importance of the major POM sources to the sediment and two benthic macroinvertebrates. Application of a simple model to sediment delta C-13 values suggested that sewage-derived POM (SDPOM) supplies an average of 48% of the organic C to study area sediments. Application of a similar model to Spiophanes duplex delta C-13 values suggested that SDPOM from wastewater treatment plants discharging into the SCB could supply up to 57% of the C assimilated by this important benthic macro invertebrate in areas as far away as 26 km from SDPOM inputs. The stable isotope data for Amphiodia urtica were more difficult to interpret because of the complex feeding habits of this organism.
C1 Inst Invest Oceanol, Dept Oceanog Quim, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Macias-Zamora, JV (reprint author), Inst Invest Oceanol, Dept Oceanog Quim, Km 107 Carr Tij Ens, Ensenada 22860, Baja California, Mexico.
EM vmacias@uabc.mx
NR 39
TC 8
Z9 9
U1 1
U2 19
PU SOC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 11
BP 2332
EP 2338
DI 10.1897/06-651R.1
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 221XM
UT WOS:000250260700010
PM 17941733
ER
PT J
AU Verma, M
Brar, SK
Tyagi, RD
Sahai, V
Prevost, D
Valero, JR
Surampalli, RY
AF Verma, Mausam
Brar, Satinder K.
Tyagi, R. D.
Sahai, V.
Prevost, D.
Valero, J. R.
Surampalli, R. Y.
TI Bench-scale fermentation of Trichoderma viride on wastewater sludge:
Rheology, lytic enzymes and biocontrol activity
SO ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biocontrol agent; entomotoxicity; fermentation; lytic enzyme; rheology;
Trichoderma viride
ID FUNGAL FERMENTATION; HARZIANUM; PURIFICATION
AB Conidiation and lytic enzyme production by Trichoderma viride at different solids concentration of pre-treated municipal wastewater sludge was examined in a 15-L fermenter. The maximum conidia concentration (5.94 x 10(7) CFU mL(-1) at 96 h) was obtained at 30 g L-1 suspended solids. The maximum lytic enzyme activities were achieved around 12-30 h of fermentation. Bioassay against a fungal phytopathogen, Fusarium sp. showed maximum activity in the sample drawn around 96 h of fermentation at 30 g L-1 suspended solids concentration. Entornotoxicity against spruce budworm larvae showed maximum value approximate to 17290 SBU mu L-1 at 30 g L-1 suspended solids concentration at the end of fermentation (96 h). Plant bioassay showed dual action of T viride, i.e., disease prevention and growth promotion. The rheological analyses of fermentation sludges showed the pseudoplastic behaviour. In order to maintain required dissolved oxygen concentration >= 30%, the agitation and aeration requirements significantly increased at 35 g L-1 compared to 30 and 25 g L-1. The oxygen uptake rate and volumetric oxygen mass transfer coefficient, kLa at 35 g L-1 did not increase in comparison to 30 g L-1 due to theological complexity of the broth during fermentation. Thus, the successful fermentation operation of the biocontrol fungus T viride is a rational indication of its potential for mass-scale production for agriculture and forest sector as a biocontrol agent. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Quebec, INRS, ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
Indian Inst Technol, Dept Biochem Engn & Biotechnol, Delhi 110016, India.
Agr & Agro Alimentaire Canada, CRDSGC, Quebec City, PQ G1V 213, Canada.
US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS, ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 29
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 4
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0141-0229
J9 ENZYME MICROB TECH
JI Enzyme Microb. Technol.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 6-7
BP 764
EP 771
DI 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2007.06.013
PG 8
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 218VA
UT WOS:000250042000015
ER
PT J
AU Kuller, LH
Goldstein, BD
AF Kuller, Lewis H.
Goldstein, Bernard D.
TI Suggestions for STROBE Recommendations
SO EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
AB The STROBE initiative is an excellent approach to improving observational epidemiologic studies. Our concerns include: 1) the need for further emphasis on presenting a clear definition of the hypothesis, its biologic rationale, and its implication to the health of the public; 2) correction of the glaring omission in the STROBE guidelines of the necessity to consider the incubation periods for risk factors and diseases and to review other biologically relevant issues that often have a major impact on the plausibility of the observed association; 3) the essential importance of guidance about a careful definition of host factors, including a clear statement of results specific to race, sex and ethnicity rather than merely stating: "The interaction term was not significant"; 4) the importance of specifying that all studies should present the actual rates or numbers of events in relation to the size of the population, including the actual numbers for each independent variable in a multiple regression analysis, rather than solely presenting a hazards ratio; and 5) the need to restrict the P value only to those hypotheses that were generated prior to the data analysis, reserving retrospective analyses to point estimates and confidence limits.
C1 [Kuller, Lewis H.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA.
[Goldstein, Bernard D.] US EPA, Washington, DC USA.
RP Goldstein, BD (reprint author), A710 Crabtree Hall,130 DeSoto St, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA.
NR 2
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1044-3983
J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY
JI Epidemiology
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 18
IS 6
BP 792
EP 793
DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3181571e16
PG 2
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 392EO
UT WOS:000262285900024
PM 18049191
ER
PT J
AU Phlips, EJ
Hendrickson, J
Quinlan, EL
Cichra, M
AF Phlips, Edward J.
Hendrickson, John
Quinlan, Erin L.
Cichra, M.
TI Meteorological influences on algal bloom potential in a nutrient-rich
blackwater river
SO FRESHWATER BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE El Nino; eutrophication; La Nina; residence time; St Johns River
ID NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; SHALLOW SUBTROPICAL LAKE; UNITED-STATES
STREAMFLOW; PHYTOPLANKTON BIOMASS; LIGHT AVAILABILITY;
CYLINDROSPERMOPSIS-RACIBORSKII; CHLOROPHYLL-A; CYANOBACTERIUM;
ZOOPLANKTON; COMMUNITY
AB 1. The effect of variability in rainfall on the potential for algal blooms was examined for the St Johns River in northeast Florida. Water chemistry and phytoplankton data were collected at selected sites monthly from 1993 through 2003. Information on rainfall and estimates of water turnover rates were used in the analyses of trends in phytoplankton biomass.
2. Major trends in rainfall and runoff within the lower St Johns River catchment over the 10-year study period were marked by both significant drought and flood periods. Autumn and winter rainfall patterns were strongly correlated with the range of Pacific sea surface temperature anomalies associated with El Nino events and La Nina periods. The effect of these major shifts in rainfall was evident in the strong relationship to replacement rates for water within the lower St Johns River.
3. The eutrophic status of the river was reflected in the high concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus observed at all sampling sites, with total nitrogen concentrations up to 3100 mu g L-1 and total phosphorus concentrations up to 180 mu g L-1.
4. While it is clear that the high phytoplankton biomass and frequent blooms that characterize the freshwater portions of the lower St Johns River are fundamentally based on nutrient status, the expression of that potential was strongly correlated to water replacement rates, as revealed by the inverse relationship between phytoplankton biovolume increase and water turnover rate, with an R-2 of 0.80 for the major bloom season. The sensitivity of algal blooms to rainfall patterns over the 10-year study period suggest that longer-term temporal and spatial shifts in rainfall, such as multi-decadal cycles and the global-warming phenomenon, will also influence the frequency and intensity of algal blooms.
C1 Univ Florida, Dept Fisheries & Aquat Sci, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
St Johns River Water Management Dist LSJRB, Palatka, FL USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Phlips, EJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Fisheries & Aquat Sci, 7922 NW 71st St, Gainesville, FL 32653 USA.
EM phlips@ufl.edu
NR 56
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 2
U2 18
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0046-5070
J9 FRESHWATER BIOL
JI Freshw. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 52
IS 11
BP 2141
EP 2155
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2427.2007.01844.x
PG 15
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 220GQ
UT WOS:000250145600007
ER
PT J
AU Gavin, DG
Hallett, DJ
Hu, FS
Lertzman, KP
Prichard, SJ
Brown, KJ
Lynch, JA
Bartlein, P
Peterson, DL
AF Gavin, Daniel G.
Hallett, Douglas J.
Hu, Feng Sheng
Lertzman, Kenneth P.
Prichard, Susan J.
Brown, Kendrick J.
Lynch, Jason A.
Bartlein, Patrick
Peterson, David L.
TI Forest fire and climate change in western North America: insights from
sediment charcoal records
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Review
ID BOREAL FOREST; HOLOCENE FIRE; RAIN-FORESTS; FUTURE FIRE; HISTORY;
VEGETATION; REGIMES; PERSPECTIVE; ECOSYSTEMS; CANADA
AB Millennial-scale records of forest fire provide important baseline information for ecosystem management, especially in regions with too few recent fires to describe the historical range of variability. Charcoal records from lake sediments and soil profiles are well suited for reconstructing the incidence of past fire and its relationship to changing climate and vegetation. We highlight several records from western North America and their relevance in reconstructing historical forest dynamics, fire-climate relationships, and feedbacks between vegetation and fire under climate change. Climatic effects on fire regimes are evident in many regions, but comparisons of paleo-fire records sometimes show a lack of synchrony, indicating that local factors substantially affect fire occurrence, even over long periods. Furthermore, the specific impacts of vegetation change on fire regimes vary among regions with different vegetation histories. By documenting the effects on fire patterns of major changes in climate and vegetation, paleo-fire records can be used to test the mechanistic models required for the prediction of future variations in fire.
C1 Univ Oregon, Dept Geog, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
Queens Univ, Dept Geog, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Queens Univ, Sch Environm Studies, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.
Univ Illinois, Dept Plant Biol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
Simon Fraser Univ, Sch Resource & Environm Management, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada.
Univ Washington, Coll Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
Geol Survey Denmark & Greenland, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Royal British Columbia Mus, Victoria, BC V8W 9W2, Canada.
US EPA, Clear Air Mkt Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
USDA Forest Serv, Pacific Wildland Fire Sci Lab, Seattle, WA 98103 USA.
RP Gavin, DG (reprint author), Univ Oregon, Dept Geog, Eugene, OR 97403 USA.
EM dgavin@uoregon.edu
RI Gavin, Daniel/C-9214-2009; Bartlein, Patrick/E-4643-2011; Hallett,
Douglas/G-4968-2011
OI Gavin, Daniel/0000-0001-8743-3949; Bartlein,
Patrick/0000-0001-7657-5685;
NR 50
TC 72
Z9 74
U1 3
U2 33
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1540-9295
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 5
IS 9
BP 499
EP 506
DI 10.1890/060161
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 227MD
UT WOS:000250659900008
ER
PT J
AU Nichols, J
Erhardt, S
Dyer, S
James, M
Moore, M
Plotzke, K
Segner, H
Schultz, I
Thomas, K
Vasiluk, L
Weisbrod, A
AF Nichols, John
Erhardt, Susan
Dyer, Scott
James, Margaret
Moore, Margo
Plotzke, Kathleen
Segner, Helmut
Schultz, Irvin
Thomas, Karluss
Vasiluk, Luba
Weisbrod, Annie
TI Use of in vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion
(ADME) data in bioaccumulation assessments for fish
SO HUMAN AND ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE fish; bioaccumulation; bioconcentration; metabolism; biotransformation;
absorption
ID RAINBOW-TROUT LIVER; AQUATIC FOOD-WEBS; HEPATIC BIOTRANSFORMATION DATA;
HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; INTESTINAL CACO-2 CELLS; INTRINSIC
CLEARANCE; DRUG-METABOLISM; CHANNEL CATFISH; BENZOPYRENE METABOLITES;
DI-2-ETHYLHEXYL PHTHALATE
AB A scientific workshop was held in 2006 to discuss the use of in vitro Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion (ADME) data in chemical bioaccumulation assessments for fish. Computer-based (in silico) modeling tools are widely used to estimate chemical bioaccumulation. These in silico methods have inherent limitations that result in inaccurate estimates for many compounds. Based on a review of the science, workshop participants concluded that two factors, absorption and metabolism, represent the greatest sources of uncertainty in current bioaccumulation models. Both factors can be investigated experimentally using in vitro test systems. A variety of abiotic and biotic systems have been used to predict chemical accumulation by invertebrates, and dietary absorption of drugs and xenobiotics by mammals. Research is needed to determine whether these or similar methods can be used to better predict chemical absorption across the gills and gut of fish. Scientists studying mammals have developed a stepwise approach to extrapolate in vitro hepatic metabolism data to the whole animal. A series of demonstration projects was proposed to investigate the utility of these in vitro-in vivo extrapolation procedures in bioaccumulation assessments for fish and delineate the applicability domain of different in vitro test systems. Anticipating research progress on these topics, participants developed a "decision tree" to show how in vitro information for individual compounds could be used in a tiered approach to improve bioaccumulation assessments for fish and inform the possible need for whole-animal testing.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
Dow Chem Co USA, Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI USA.
Procter & Gamble Co, Cent Prod Safety, Cincinnati, OH USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Med Chem, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
Simon Fraser Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Burnaby, BC, Canada.
Dow Corning Corp, Midland, MI USA.
Univ Bern, Ctr Fish & Wildlife Hlth, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland.
Pacific NW Natl Lab Marine Res OPerat, Sequim, WA USA.
ILSI, Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC USA.
Univ Guelph, Dept Land Resource Sci, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
RP Nichols, J (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM nicholsjohn@epa.gov
RI Segner, Helmut/D-5714-2014;
OI Segner, Helmut/0000-0002-1783-1295; James, Margaret/0000-0001-8778-9427
NR 103
TC 14
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 22
PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA
SN 1080-7039
J9 HUM ECOL RISK ASSESS
JI Hum. Ecol. Risk Assess.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 6
BP 1164
EP 1191
DI 10.1080/10807030701655897
PG 28
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 239IF
UT WOS:000251511300002
ER
PT J
AU Voutetakis, A
Zheng, C
Wang, J
Goldsmith, CM
Afione, S
Chiorini, JA
Wenk, ML
Vallant, M
Irwin, RD
Baum, BJ
AF Voutetakis, A.
Zheng, C.
Wang, J.
Goldsmith, C. M.
Afione, S.
Chiorini, J. A.
Wenk, M. L.
Vallant, M.
Irwin, R. D.
Baum, B. J.
TI Gender differences in serotype 2 adeno-associated virus biodistribution
after administration to rodent salivary glands
SO HUMAN GENE THERAPY
LA English
DT Article
ID MOUSE SUBMANDIBULAR-GLAND; SEXUAL-DIMORPHISM; GENE-EXPRESSION; VIRAL
VECTORS; SJOGRENS-SYNDROME; MICE; THERAPEUTICS; TRANSDUCTION;
TESTOSTERONE; DISEASE
AB Salivary glands (SGs) have proven useful targets for clinical applications of gene therapeutics. In this toxicology and biodistribution study, which conforms to U. S. Food and Drug Administration Good Laboratory Practice regulations, four doses (10(7)-10(10) particles) of a serotype 2 adeno-associated viral (AAV2) vector encoding human erythropoietin were directly administered to the right submandibular gland of male and female BALB/c mice ( n = 21 per gender dose group). Control-treated (saline administered; n = 66) and vectortreated ( n = 168) animals did not differ in clinical appearance, morbidity and mortality rates, food and water consumption, weight gain ratios, and final weight. Clinical hematology values also were unaffected by AAV2 administration except for parameters influenced by the expression of the recombinant protein (e. g., hematocrit). Mice were killed on days 3, 30, 55, and 92. No major vector-related toxicity was uncovered after complete pathology and histopathology review. However, a significant gender-related difference in vector biodistribution was revealed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In male mice vector (group receiving 1010 particles/animal) effectively transduced, and was primarily confined within, the SGs (i.e., similar to 800 times more copies in SGs than in liver; day 3) and long lived. In contrast, in female mice, SG transduction was less efficient (260-fold less than in males; day 3) and short lived, and vector was disseminated widely via both the bloodstream (SG: liver copy ratio, similar to 1) and saliva (30-fold greater than in males). The observed vector biodistribution is likely due to differences in AAV2 receptor targets and structural differences affecting SG integrity. Sexual dimorphism is a factor of major significance that could potentially affect gene therapy clinical applications in SGs.
C1 NIH, NIDCR, GTTB, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
BioReliance Invitrogen Bioserv, Div Toxicol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA.
NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Baum, BJ (reprint author), NIH, NIDCR, GTTB, Bldg 10,Rm 1N113, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM bbaum@mail.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 0
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1043-0342
J9 HUM GENE THER
JI Hum. Gene Ther.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 18
IS 11
BP 1109
EP 1118
DI 10.1089/hum.2007.072
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine,
Research & Experimental
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research &
Experimental Medicine
GA 232WP
UT WOS:000251051700001
PM 17939749
ER
PT J
AU Liu, Z
Lobdell, DT
Myers, SL
He, L
Yang, M
Kwok, RK
Mumford, JL
Mendola, P
AF Liu, Z.
Lobdell, D. T.
Myers, S. L.
He, L.
Yang, M.
Kwok, R. K.
Mumford, J. L.
Mendola, P.
TI Pregnancy and perinatal health in Inner Mongolia, China, 1996-1999
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GYNECOLOGY & OBSTETRICS
LA English
DT Article
DE perinatal health; maternal health; prenatal care; Inner Mongolia
ID PRENATAL-CARE; BIRTH OUTCOMES; WEIGHT
AB Objective: To obtain descriptive measures of maternal and perinatal health in the Ba Men Region of Inner Mongolia, China. Methods: Data collected from the Examination Chart for Pregnant Women for approximately 22,000 pregnancies in a three-county area of Inner Mongolia, China from December 1, 1996 through December 31, 1999 were analyzed for maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes. Results: Compared to selected developing countries, a higher percentage of women (99%) in this region received at least one prenatal care visit. This region was also characterized by a low percentage of low birthweight (<2.5 kg) infants (1%) and neonatal mortality rate (5 deaths per 1000 live births). Conclusions: Maternal and neonatal health outcomes in this region of Inner Mongolia were better than those in selected developing countries. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. on behalf of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Ba Men Anti Epidem Stn, Ba Men, Inner Mongolia, Peoples R China.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Lobdell, DT (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD58A, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM lobdell.danelle@epa.gov
RI Kwok, Richard/B-6907-2017;
OI Kwok, Richard/0000-0002-6794-8360; Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844
NR 12
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0020-7292
J9 INT J GYNECOL OBSTET
JI Int. J. Gynecol. Obstet.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 2
BP 127
EP 131
DI 10.1016/j.ijgo.2007.04.030
PG 5
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology
GA 235IB
UT WOS:000251225900011
PM 17618632
ER
PT J
AU Zeldin, DC
Card, JW
Carey, MA
Voltz, JW
AF Zeldin, Darryl C.
Card, Jeffrey W.
Carey, Michelle A.
Voltz, James W.
TI Rebuttal from Dr. Mitzner
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID AIRWAY RESPONSIVENESS; INFLAMMATION; MICE
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Zeldin, DC (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NR 6
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA
SN 8750-7587
J9 J APPL PHYSIOL
JI J. Appl. Physiol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 103
IS 5
BP 1906
EP 1906
PG 1
WC Physiology; Sport Sciences
SC Physiology; Sport Sciences
GA 224WZ
UT WOS:000250480400061
PM 18098389
ER
PT J
AU Zou, R
Carter, S
Shoemaker, L
Parker, A
Henry, T
AF Zou, Rui
Carter, Stephen
Shoemaker, Leslie
Parker, Andrew
Henry, Thomas
TI Closure to "integrated hydrodynamic and water quality modeling system to
support nutrient total maximum daily load development for Wissahickon
Creek, Pennsylvania" by Rui Zou, Stephen Carter, Leslie Shoemaker,
Andrew Parker, and Thomas Henry
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Tetra Tech Inc, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
US EPA, Water Protect Div, Philadelphia, PA 19103 USA.
RP Zou, R (reprint author), Tetra Tech Inc, 10306 Eaton Pl, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA.
EM rui.zou@tetratech-ffx.com
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 7
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9372
J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE
JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 11
BP 1073
EP 1074
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2007)132:4(555)
PG 2
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 222SR
UT WOS:000250318000009
ER
PT J
AU Brown, SL
Compton, H
Basta, N
AF Brown, S. L.
Compton, H.
Basta, N.
TI Field test ofln situ soil amendments at the tar creek national
priorities list superfund site
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SMELTER-CONTAMINATED SOIL; WATER TREATMENT RESIDUALS; IN-SITU; LEAD
BIOAVAILABILITY; REDUCE; REMEDIATION; BIOSOLIDS; PHOSPHATE; CADMIUM;
IMMOBILIZATION
AB A range of soil amendments including diammonium phosphate fertilizer (DAP), municipal biosolids (BS), biosolids compost, and Al- and Fe-based water treatment residua;s were tested on Pb- Zn- and cd-contaminated yard soils and tailings at the Tar Creek NPL site in Oklahoma to determine if amendments could restore a vegetative cover and reduce metal availability in situ. For the yard soils, all amendments reduced bioaccessible (assessed with a physiologic-based extraction method) Pb, with reductions 57% (Compost+Al). Plant Zn (Cynadon dactylon L.) and HN4No3-extractable Cd and Zn were also reduced by a number of amendments. For the tailings, all amendments excluding BS reduced bioaccessible Pb, with the largest reductions observed in the DAP 3% and DAP3%+BS treatments (75 and 84%). Plant growth was supressed in all treatments that contained DAP for the first season, with the highest growth in the treatments that included compost and biosolids. In the second year, growth was vigorous for all treatments. Plant Zn and Cd and extractable metal concentaration were also reduced. A number of treatments were also identified that reduced biooaccessible Pb and sustained a healthy plant with reduced metal concentrations. For the yard soil, Compost+Al was the most effective treatment tested. These results indicate that in situ amendments offer remedial alternative for the Tar Creek site.
C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
US EPA, Environm Response Team, Edison, NJ 08837 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Brown, SL (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM slb@u.washington.edu
NR 30
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 2
U2 16
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1537-2537
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 36
IS 6
BP 1627
EP 1634
DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0018
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 231TR
UT WOS:000250972400009
PM 17940262
ER
PT J
AU Glassmeyer, ST
Ware, MW
Schaefer, FW
Shoemaker, JA
Kryak, DD
AF Glassmeyer, Susan T.
Ware, Michael W.
Schaefer, Frank W., III
Shoemaker, Jody A.
Kryak, David D.
TI An improved method for the analysis of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts by
matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass
spectrometry
SO JOURNAL OF EUKARYOTIC MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Cryptosporidium parvum; excysted sporozoite; MALDI-TOF MS; mass spectra;
oocysts; sample preparation
ID BIOMARKERS; PURIFICATION; PROTEINS; QUALITY; SPECTRA; SPORES; CELLS
AB Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts were analyzed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Sample preparation proved to be a crucial step in the acquisition of acceptable mass spectra. Oocysts of C. parvum and the matrix were mixed and held for at least 45 min to produce reproducible, representative mass spectra. Sporozoites were also excysted from oocysts, purified, and analyzed using MALDI-TOF MS. The mass spectra of the intact oocysts contained many of the same peaks found in the mass spectra of the sporozoites, suggesting that during analysis, the internal constituents, not just the oocyst wall, are ablated by the laser.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Glassmeyer, ST (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 564, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM glassmeyer.susan@epa.gov
RI Glassmeyer, Susan/E-5004-2017
OI Glassmeyer, Susan/0000-0002-0538-5793
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1066-5234
J9 J EUKARYOT MICROBIOL
JI J. Eukaryot. Microbiol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 54
IS 6
BP 479
EP 481
DI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.2007.00287.x
PG 3
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 237PA
UT WOS:000251386300003
PM 18070325
ER
PT J
AU Chambers, JE
Boone, JS
Davis, MK
Moran, JE
Tyler, JW
AF Chambers, Janice E.
Boone, J. Scott
Davis, M. Keith
Moran, John E.
Tyler, John W.
TI Assessing transferable residues from intermittent exposure to flea
control collars containing the organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE chlorpyrifos; organophosphate; insecticide; flea control; transferable
residue; dog fur; human exposure
ID HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; INHIBITION; PESTICIDES; SURFACES; CHILDREN; URINE;
DOGS; FUR
AB Children can be exposed to pesticides from numerous residential sources such as carpet, house dust, toys and clothing from treated homes, and. ea control remedies on pets. In the present studies, 48 pet dogs (24 in each of two studies) of different breeds and weights were treated with over-the-counter flea collars containing chlorpyrifos (CP), an organophosphorus insecticide. Transferable insecticide residues were quantified on cotton gloves used to rub the dogs for 5 min and on cotton tee shirts worn by a child ( Study 2 only). First morning urine samples were also obtained from adults and children in both studies for metabolite (3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol) quantification. Blood samples were obtained from treated dogs in Study 1 and plasma cholinesterase (ChE) activity was monitored. Transferable residues on gloves for all compounds were highest near the neck of the dogs and were lowest in areas most distant from the neck. Rubbing samples (over the collar) at two weeks post-collar application contained 447 +/- 757 mu g CP/glove while samples from the fur of the back contained 8 +/- 2 mu g CP/glove. In Study 2, cotton tee shirts worn by children at 15 days post-collar application for 4 h showed CP levels of 134 +/- 66 ng/g shirt. There were significant differences between adults and children in the levels of urinary metabolites with children generally having higher urinary levels of metabolites than adults (grand mean +/- SE; 11.6 +/- 1.1 and 7.9 +/- 0.74 ng/mg creatinine for children and adults, respectively, compared to 9.4 +/- 0.8 and 6.9 +/- 0.5 ng/mg creatinine before collar placement). Therefore, there was little evidence that the use of this flea collar contributed to enhanced CP exposure of either children or adults.
C1 Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
US EPA, Environm Chem Branch, Stennis Space Ctr, MS USA.
Western Univ Hlth Sci, Pomona, CA USA.
RP Chambers, JE (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Environm Hlth Sci Ctr, POB 6100, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
EM chambers@cvm.msstate.edu
NR 26
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 3
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
EI 1559-064X
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 7
BP 656
EP 666
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500570
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 231RJ
UT WOS:000250966400007
PM 17392689
ER
PT J
AU Isakov, V
Touma, JS
Khlystov, A
AF Isakov, Vlad
Touma, Jawad S.
Khlystov, Andrey
TI A method of assessing air toxics concentrations in urban areas using
mobile platform measurements
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID ULTRAFINE PARTICLES; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; ELECTRICAL MOBILITY; EFFECTIVE
DENSITY; AEROSOL; VARIABILITY; HEALTH; POLLUTANTS; EMISSIONS; POLLUTION
AB The objective of this paper is to demonstrate an approach to characterize the spatial variability in ambient air concentrations using mobile platform measurements. This approach may be useful for air toxics assessments in Environmental justice applications, epidemiological studies, and environmental health risk assessments. In this study, we developed and applied a method to characterize air toxics concentrations in urban areas using results of the recently conducted field study in Wilmington, DE. Mobile measurements were collected over a 4-x 4-km area of downtown Wilmington for three components: formaldehyde (representative of volatile organic compounds and also photochemically reactive pollutants), aerosol size distribution (representing fine particulate matter), and water-soluble hexavalent chromium (representative of toxic metals). These measurements were used to construct spatial and temporal distributions of air toxics in the area that show a very strong temporal variability, both diurnally and seasonally. An analysis of spatial variability indicates that all pollutants varied significantly by location, which suggests potential impact of local sources. From the comparison with measurements at the central monitoring site, we conclude that formaldehyde and fine particulates show a positive correlation with temperature, which could also be the reason that photochemically generated formaldehyde and fine particulates over the study area correlate well with the fine particulate matter measured at the central site.
C1 US EPA, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Duke Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
RP Isakov, V (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Isakov.Vlad@epa.gov
RI Khlystov, Andrey/C-6134-2009
OI Khlystov, Andrey/0000-0001-9606-3919
NR 32
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 7
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 57
IS 11
BP 1286
EP 1295
DI 10.3155/1047-389.57.11.1286
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 228YL
UT WOS:000250768400001
PM 18069452
ER
PT J
AU Laraia, B
Messer, L
Evenson, K
Kaufman, JS
AF Laraia, Barbara
Messer, Lynne
Evenson, Kelly
Kaufman, Jay S.
TI Neighborhood factors associated with physical activity and adequacy of
weight gain during pregnancy
SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE neighborhood context; pregnancy; physical activity diet; weight gain
ID GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; IRVINE-MINNESOTA INVENTORY; MEASURE BUILT
ENVIRONMENTS; DIET QUALITY INDEX; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; PRETERM BIRTH;
CIGARETTE-SMOKING; MATERNAL SMOKING; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; WHITE WOMEN
AB Healthy diet, physical activity, smoking, and adequate weight gain are all associated with maternal health and fetal growth during pregnancy. Neighborhood characteristics have been associated with poor maternal and child health outcomes, yet conceptualization of potential mechanisms are still needed. Unique information captured by neighborhood inventories, mostly conducted in northern US and Canadian urban areas, has been shown to reveal important aspects of the community environment that are not captured by the demographic quantities in census data. This study used data from the Pregnancy, Nutrition, and Infection (PIN) prospective cohort study to estimate the influences of individual-level and neighborhood-level characteristics on health behaviors and adequacy of weight gain during pregnancy. Women who participated in the PIN study and who resided in Raleigh, North Carolina and its surrounding suburbs were included (n=703). Results from a neighborhood data collection inventory identified three social constructs, physical incivilities, territoriality, and social spaces, which were hypothesized to influence maternal health behaviors. The physical incivility scale was associated with decreased odds (adjusted OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.57, 0.98) in participating in vigorous leisure activity before pregnancy after controlling for several individual con founders, and a crude association for decreased odds of excessive weight gain (OR=0.79, 95% CI=0.64, 0.98). The social spaces scale was associated with decreased odds for inadequate (adjusted OR=0.74, 95% CI=0.56, 0.98) and excessive (adjusted OR=0.69, 95% CI=0.54, 0.98) gestational weight gain. The social spaces scale was also associated with decreased odds of living greater than 3 miles from a supermarket (adjusted OR=0.03, 95% CI=0.00, 0.27). Territoriality was not associated with any pregnancy-related health behavior. None of the neighborhood constructs were associated with smoking or diet quality. Physical incivilities and social spaces neighborhood characteristics may be important to measure to improve our understanding of the potential mechanisms through which neighborhood environments influence health.
C1 [Laraia, Barbara] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Hlth & Community, Div Prevent Sci, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
[Messer, Lynne] US EPA, Human Studies Div, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Evenson, Kelly; Kaufman, Jay S.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Laraia, B (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr Hlth & Community, Div Prevent Sci, Campus Box 0844,3333 Calif St,Suite 465, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA.
EM laraiab@chc.ucsf.edu
FU NCI NIH HHS [R01 CA109804, R01 CA109804-01]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000046,
RR00046]; NICHD NIH HHS [HD28684, K01 HD047122, HD28684A]; PHS HHS
[U64/CCU412273]
NR 59
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 6
U2 12
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1099-3460
J9 J URBAN HEALTH
JI J. Urban Health
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 84
IS 6
BP 793
EP 806
DI 10.1007/s11524-007-9217-z
PG 14
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General &
Internal
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine
GA 247OO
UT WOS:000252089400005
PM 17710552
ER
PT J
AU Rossman, LA
AF Rossman, Lewis A.
TI Discussion of "Solution for water distribution systems under
pressure-deficient conditions" by Wah Khim Ang and Paul W. Jowitt
SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Rossman, LA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM rossman.lewis@epa.gov
NR 0
TC 18
Z9 20
U1 2
U2 3
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9496
EI 1943-5452
J9 J WATER RES PLAN MAN
JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 6
BP 566
EP 567
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2007)133:6(566.2)
PG 2
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 222SP
UT WOS:000250317800013
ER
PT J
AU Kumar, SV
Doby, TA
Baugh, JW
Brill, ED
Ranjithan, SR
AF Kumar, Sujay V.
Doby, Troy A.
Baugh, John W., Jr.
Brill, E. Downey
Ranjithan, S. Ranji
TI Closure to "Optimal design of redundant water distribution networks
using a cluster of workstations" by Sujay V. Kumar, Troy A. Doby, John
W. Baugh Jr., E. Downey Brill, and S. Ranji Ranjithan
SO JOURNAL OF WATER RESOURCES PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT-ASCE
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
US EPA, NRMRL, Sustainable Technol Div, Syst Analy Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Kumar, SV (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA.
EM sujay@hsb.gsfc.nasa.gov; doby.troy@epamail.epa.gov; jwb@ncsu.edu;
brill@ncsu.edu; ranji@ncsu.edu
RI Kumar, Sujay/B-8142-2015
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9496
J9 J WATER RES PL-ASCE
JI J. Water Resour. Plan. Manage.-ASCE
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 6
BP 580
EP 581
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(2007)132:5(374)
PG 2
WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources
SC Engineering; Water Resources
GA 222SP
UT WOS:000250317800021
ER
PT J
AU Nadagouda, MN
Varma, RS
AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Room temperature bulk synthesis of silver nanocables wrapped with
polypyrrole
SO MACROMOLECULAR RAPID COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE polypyrrole nanocomposites; silver nanocables; synthesis; X-ray
ID UNIAXIALLY ALIGNED ARRAYS; POLYANILINE NANOFIBERS; TELLURIUM NANOWIRES;
HOLLOW NANOFIBERS; NANOPARTICLES; GREEN; GOLD; NANOSTRUCTURES;
FABRICATION; NANOTUBES
AB Wet chemical synthesis of silver cables wrapped with polypyrrole is reported in aqueous media without use of any surfactant/capping agent and/or template. The method employs direct polymerization of pyrrole in an aqueous solution with AgNO3 as an oxidizing agent. The four probe conductivity results for the as-synthesized silver nanocables of polypyrrole films were found to be 3, 5, 5, and 9 S cm(-1) for a 1: 2, 1: 1, 1: 0.5, and 1: 0.1 silver-to-pyrrole ratio, respectively. This approach can be extended to other monomers such as aniline and N-methylaniline (NMA) to prepare different morphologies of silver nanostructures. Aniline monomer polymerization occurred at room temperature to produce a coating of a silver mirror on the side walls of the glass vial, as in the case of Tollen's process of making silver mirrors. The silver mirror coating strategy was extended to a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) surface and the resistivity of the polyaniline-coated Ag nanocomposites were measured and found to be semiconducting.
{graphics}
C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Varma.rajender@epa.gov
NR 29
TC 26
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 19
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1022-1336
J9 MACROMOL RAPID COMM
JI Macromol. Rapid Commun.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 21
BP 2106
EP 2111
DI 10.1002/marc.200700495
PG 6
WC Polymer Science
SC Polymer Science
GA 230UX
UT WOS:000250902700011
ER
PT J
AU Driehuys, B
Walker, J
Pollaro, J
Cofer, GP
Mistry, N
Schwartz, D
Johnson, GA
AF Driehuys, Bastiaan
Walker, Julia
Pollaro, Jim
Cofer, Gary P.
Mistry, Nilesh
Schwartz, David
Johnson, G. Allan
TI He-3 MRI in mouse models of asthma
SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
DE murine; asthma; airways hyperresponsiveness; broncho-constriction;
hyperpolarized He-3
ID MAGNETIC-RESONANCE MICROSCOPY; HYPERPOLARIZED HE-3; LUNG VENTILATION;
PROJECTION RECONSTRUCTION; CHALLENGE; METHACHOLINE; MICE;
BRONCHOCONSTRICTION; RELAXATION; MORPHOLOGY
AB In the study of asthma, a vital role is played by mouse models, because knockout or transgenic methods can be used to alter disease pathways and identify therapeutic targets that affect lung function. Assessment of lung function in rodents by available methods is insensitive because these techniques lack regional specificity. A more sensitive method for evaluating lung function in human asthma patients uses hyperpolarized (HP) He-3 MRI before and after bronchoconstriction induced by methacholine (MCh). We now report the ability to perform such He-3 imaging of MCh response in mice, where voxels must be similar to 3000 times smaller than in humans and He-3 diffusion becomes an impediment to resolving the airways. We show three-dimensional (313) images that reveal airway structure down to the fifth branching and visualize ventilation at a resolution of 125 x 125 x 1000 mu m(3). Images of ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice acquired after MCh show both airway closure and ventilation loss. To also observe the MCh response in naive mice, we developed a non-slice-selective 2D protocol with 187 x 187 mu m(2) resolution that was fast enough to record the MCh response and recovery with 12-s temporal resolution. The extension of He-3 MRI to mouse models should make it a valuable translational tool in asthma research.
C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr In Vivo Microscopy, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27706 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Driehuys, B (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr In Vivo Microscopy, Box 3302, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM driehuys@orion.duhs.duke.edu
OI Johnson, G.Allan/0000-0002-7606-5447
FU NCI NIH HHS [R24 CA092656-06, R24 CA092656]; NCRR NIH HHS [P41 RR005959,
P41 RR005959-18]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL055348, R01 HL055348-07]
NR 38
TC 42
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 7
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0740-3194
J9 MAGN RESON MED
JI Magn. Reson. Med.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 58
IS 5
BP 893
EP 900
DI 10.1002/mrm.21306
PG 8
WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
GA 226AQ
UT WOS:000250560000006
PM 17969115
ER
PT J
AU Shiotani, K
Miyazaki, A
Li, T
Tsuda, Y
Yokoi, T
Arnbo, A
Sasaki, Y
Bryant, SD
Jinsmaa, Y
Lazarus, LH
Okada, Y
AF Shiotani, Kimitaka
Miyazaki, Anna
Li, Tingyou
Tsuda, Yuko
Yokoi, Toshio
Arnbo, Akihiro
Sasaki, Yusuke
Bryant, Sharon D.
Jinsmaa, Yunden
Lazarus, Lawrence H.
Okada, Yoshio
TI Synthesis of opioidmimetics,
3-[H-Dmt-NH(CH2)(m)]-6-[H-Dmt-NH(CH2)(n)]2(1H)-pyrazinones, and studies
on structure-activity relationships
SO MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE opioidmimetic; 2 ',6 '-dimethyl-L-tyrosin (Dmt); pyrazinone platform;
Dmt-dimerization; opioid receptor affinity; mu-agonism;
delta-antagonism; structure-activity relationship
ID OPIOID RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; DELTA-OPIATE RECEPTOR;
CATALYTIC-HYDROGENATION; IMMEDIATE DEAMINATION; ENDOGENOUS AGONIST;
MEDIATED ANALGESIA; BETA-LIPOTROPIN; POTENT; PEPTIDES; ANALOGS
AB Opioidmimetics containing 3-[H-Dmt-NH-(CH2)(m)]-6-[H-Dmt-NH-(CH2)(n)]-2(1H)-pyrazinone symmetric (m = n, 1-4) (1 - 4) and asymmetric (m, n = 1 - 4) aliphatic chains (5 - 16) were synthesized using dipeptidyl chloromethylketone intermediates. They had high mu-affinity (K-i mu = 0.021 - 2.94 nM), delta-affinity (K-i delta = 1.06 - 152.6 nM), and mu selectivity (K-i delta/K-i mu = 14 - 3,126). The opioidmimetics (1 - 16) exhibited mu agonism, in proportion to their mu-receptor affinity. Agonism was essentially lacking in the compounds except (4) and (16), and (1) and (2) indicated weak 8 antagonism (pA(2) = 6.47 and 6.56, respectively). The data verify that a specific length of aliphatic linker is required between the Dint pharmacophore and the pyrazinone ring to produce unique t-opioid receptor ligands.
C1 Kobe Gakuin Univ, Grad Sch Food & Med Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6512180, Japan.
Kobe Gakuin Univ, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6512180, Japan.
Tohoku Pharmaceut Univ, Sendai, Miyagi 9818558, Japan.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, LPC, Med Chem Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Okada, Y (reprint author), Kobe Gakuin Univ, Grad Sch Food & Med Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 6512180, Japan.
EM okada@pharm.kobegakuin.ac.jp
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 45
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
PI SHARJAH
PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB
EMIRATES
SN 1573-4064
J9 MED CHEM
JI Med. Chem.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 3
IS 6
BP 583
EP 598
DI 10.2174/157340607782360272
PG 16
WC Chemistry, Medicinal
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 225BF
UT WOS:000250491400011
PM 18045209
ER
PT J
AU Das, M
Scappini, E
Martin, NP
Wong, KA
Dunn, S
Chen, YJ
Miller, SLH
Domin, J
O'Bryan, JP
AF Das, Margaret
Scappini, Erica
Martin, Negin P.
Wong, Katy A.
Dunn, Sara
Chen, Yun-Ju
Miller, Stephanie L. H.
Domin, Jan
O'Bryan, John P.
TI Regulation of neuron survival through an intersectin-phosphoinositide
3'-kinase C2 beta-AKT pathway
SO MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ENDOCYTIC PROTEIN INTERSECTIN; BIMOLECULAR FLUORESCENCE COMPLEMENTATION;
DENDRITIC SPINE DEVELOPMENT; GROWTH-FACTOR RECEPTOR; ADAPTER PROTEIN;
CLATHRIN; CDC42; CELLS; RAS; NETWORK
AB While endocytosis attenuates signals from plasma membrane receptors, recent studies suggest that endocytosis also serves as a platform for the compartmentalized activation of cellular signaling pathways. Intersectin (ITSN) is a multidomain scaffolding protein that regulates endocytosis and has the potential to regulate various biochemical pathways through its multiple, modular domains. To address the biological importance of ITSN in regulating cellular signaling pathways versus in endocytosis, we have stably silenced ITSN expression in neuronal cells by using short hairpin RNAs. Decreasing ITSN expression dramatically increased apoptosis in both neuroblastoma cells and primary cortical neurons. Surprisingly, the loss of ITSN did not lead to major defects in the endocytic pathway. Yeast two-hybrid analysis identified class II phosphoinositide 3 '-kinase C2 beta PI3K-C2 beta as an ITSN binding protein, suggesting that ITSN may regulate a PI3K-C2 beta-AKT survival pathway. ITSN associated with PI3K-C2 beta on a subset of endomembrane vesicles and enhanced both basal and growth factor-stimulated PI3K-C2 beta activity, resulting in AKT activation. The use of pharmacological inhibitors, dominant negatives, and rescue experiments revealed that PI3K-C2 beta and AKT were epistatic to ITSN. This study represents the first demonstration that ITSN, independent of its role in endocytosis, regulates a critical cellular signaling pathway necessary for cell survival.
C1 Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
US Dept HHS, Lab Signal Transduct, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
US Dept HHS, Neurobiol Lab, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Biomed Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Imperial Coll Sch Med, Div Med, London W12 0NN, England.
RP O'Bryan, JP (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, 835 S Wolcott,E403 M-C 868, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
EM obryanj@uic.edu
FU Intramural NIH HHS; Medical Research Council [G0500936]
NR 36
TC 48
Z9 57
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0270-7306
J9 MOL CELL BIOL
JI Mol. Cell. Biol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 27
IS 22
BP 7906
EP 7917
DI 10.1128/MCB.01369-07
PG 12
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 229KD
UT WOS:000250800900015
PM 17875942
ER
PT J
AU Londo, JP
Schaal, BA
AF Londo, J. P.
Schaal, B. A.
TI Origins and population genetics of weedy red rice in the USA
SO MOLECULAR ECOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE hybridization; weedy rice; Oryza sativa; Oryza rufipogon
ID ORYZA-SATIVA L; MULTILOCUS GENOTYPE DATA; CULTIVATED RICE; SSR MARKERS;
HYBRIDIZATION; FREQUENCIES; DIVERSITY; DISTANCES; EVOLUTION; INFERENCE
AB Weedy red rice (Oryza sativa spontonea) is a persistent and problematic weed of rice culture worldwide. A major hypothesis for the mechanism of production of this weed in South and Southeast Asia is hybridization between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and wild rice (Oryza rufipogon). However, weedy red rice can often be found outside the range of O. rufipogon leaving questions on the origin and process behind weedy rice infestations. In the USA, weedy red rice was first documented as early as 1846 and has continued to affect rice production areas. In this study, we attempt to identify the origin and population structure of weedy red rice sampled from the USA using both DNA sequence data from a neutral nuclear locus as well as microsatellite genotype data. Results suggest that two major accessions of weedy rice exist, strawhull and blackhull, and these forms may both hybridize with the cultivated rice of the USA, O. sativa japonica. Using population assignment of multilocus genotype signatures with principal component analysis and structure, an Asian origin is supported for US weedy rice. Additionally, hybridization between strawhull and blackhull varieties was inferred and may present the opportunity for the production of new weedy forms in the future.
C1 Washington Univ, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.
RP Londo, JP (reprint author), US EPA, 200 NW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM londo.jason@epa.gov
NR 36
TC 81
Z9 97
U1 1
U2 14
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0962-1083
J9 MOL ECOL
JI Mol. Ecol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 16
IS 21
BP 4523
EP 4535
DI 10.1111/j.1365-294X.2007.03489.x
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Environmental Sciences & Ecology;
Evolutionary Biology
GA 222CJ
UT WOS:000250273400010
PM 17887969
ER
PT J
AU Dewar, BJ
Gardner, OS
Chen, CS
Earp, HS
Samet, JM
Graves, LM
AF Dewar, Brian J.
Gardner, Olivia S.
Chen, Ching-Shih
Earp, H. Shelton
Samet, James M.
Graves, Lee M.
TI Capacitative calcium entry contributes to the differential
transactivation of the epidermal growth factor receptor in response to
thiazolidinediones
SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID PROTEIN-KINASE ACTIVATION; LIVER EPITHELIAL-CELLS; TYROSINE KINASE;
C-SRC; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; IN-VITRO; PROSTATE-CANCER; GAMMA; LIGAND;
PHOSPHORYLATION
AB Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are synthetic ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPAR gamma) but also elicit PPAR gamma-independent effects, most notably activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Ciglitazone rapidly activates extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) MAPK, an event requiring c-Src kinase-dependent epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) transactivation, whereas troglitazone only weakly activates Erk and does not induce EGFR transactivation; the mechanism underlying this difference remains unclear. In this study, both ciglitazone and troglitazone increased Src activation. Similar effects were observed with Delta 2-derivatives of each TZD, compounds that bind PPAR gamma but do not lead to its activation, further indicating a PPAR gamma-independent mechanism. Neither EGFR kinase nor Pyk2 inhibition prevented Src activation; however, inhibition of Src kinase activity prevented Pyk2 activation. Intracellular calcium chelation blocks TZD-induced Pyk2 activation; here, Src activation by both TZDs and ciglitazone-induced EGFR transactivation were prevented by calcium chelation. Accordingly, both TZDs increased calcium concentrations from intracellular stores; however, only ciglitazone produced a secondary calcium influx in the presence of extracellular calcium. Removal of extracellular calcium or inhibition of capacitative calcium entry by 2-APB prevented ciglitazone-induced EGFR transactivation and Erk activation but did not affect upstream kinase signaling pathways. These results demonstrate that upstream kinases (i. e., Src and Pyk2) are required but not sufficient for EGFR transactivation by TZDs. Moreover, influx of extracellular calcium through capacitative calcium entry may be an unrecognized component that provides a mechanism for the differential induction of EGFR transactivation by these compounds.
C1 [Dewar, Brian J.; Gardner, Olivia S.; Samet, James M.; Graves, Lee M.] Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
[Earp, H. Shelton; Graves, Lee M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pharmacol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
[Earp, H. Shelton] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Samet, James M.] United States Environm Protect Agcy, Natl Hlth Effects & Environm Res Lab, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
[Chen, Ching-Shih] Ohio State Univ, Coll Pharm, Div Med Chem, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Dewar, BJ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
NR 47
TC 14
Z9 14
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA
SN 0026-895X
J9 MOL PHARMACOL
JI Mol. Pharmacol.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 72
IS 5
BP 1146
EP 1156
DI 10.1124/mol.107.037549
PG 11
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 223PR
UT WOS:000250385300008
PM 17686966
ER
PT J
AU Claxton, LD
Woodall, GM
AF Claxton, Larry D.
Woodall, George M., Jr.
TI A review of the mutagenicity and rodent carcinogenicity of ambient air
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE mutagenicity; carcinogenicity; genotoxicity; ambient air; salmonella;
bioassays; ambient particles; traffic; combustion; plants; mammalian
cells; rodents; atmosphere; PAH; PM2.5; PM10; volatile organic chemicals
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE MATTER;
TRADESCANTIA-MICRONUCLEUS BIOASSAY; EXTRACTABLE ORGANIC-MATTER; DIRECTED
CHEMICAL-ANALYSIS; SISTER-CHROMATID EXCHANGES; AMERICAN-CANCER-SOCIETY;
HAIR MUTATION BIOASSAY; INDUCED LUNG-TUMORS; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE
AB Although ambient air was first shown to be carcinogenic in 1947 and mutagenic in 1975, no overarching review of the subsequent literature has been produced. Recently, Claxton et al. [L.D. Claxton, P.P. Matthews, S.H. Warren, The genotoxicity of ambient outdoor air, a review: Salmonella mutagenicity, Mutat. Res./Rev. Mutat. Res. 567 (2004) 347-399] reviewed the literature on the mutagenicity of urban air in the Salmonella mutagenicity assay. Here, we review the literature on the mutagenicity of urban air in other test systems and review the carcinogenicity of urban air in experimental systems. Urban air was carcinogenic in most of the reports involving rodents. Studies ascribed carcinogenic activity primarily to PAHs, nitroarenes, and other aromatic compounds. Atmospheric conditions, along with the levels and types of pollutants, contributed to the variations in carcinogenic and mutagenic activity of air from different metropolitan areas. The majority of the mutagenesis literature was in the Salmonella assay (50%), with plant systems accounting for most of the rest (31%). The present data give little support to the use of plant systems to compare air mutagenicity among multiple sites or studies. Studies in mice have shown that particulate air pollution causes germ-cell mutations. Air sheds contain similar types and classes of mutagens; however, the levels of these compounds vary considerably among air sheds. Combustion emissions were associated with much of the mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of urban air. Most studies focused on the particulate fraction; thus, additional work is needed on the volatile and semi-volatile fractions, metals, and atmospheric transformation. Smaller particles have greater percentages of extractable organic material and are more mutagenic than larger particles. Although hundreds of genotoxic compounds have been identified in ambient air, only a few (<25) are routinely monitored, emphasizing the value of coupling bioassay with chemistry in the monitoring of air for carcinogenic and mutagenic activities and compounds. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Claxton, Larry D.] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Woodall, George M., Jr.] US EPA, Hazardous Pollutant Assessment Grp, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Claxton, LD (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Mail Drop B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM claxton.larry@epa.gov
RI Woodall, George/M-5658-2014;
OI Claxton, Larry/0000-0001-7455-1583
NR 316
TC 79
Z9 81
U1 4
U2 33
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5742
J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT
JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 636
IS 1-3
BP 36
EP 94
DI 10.1016/j.murrev.2007.01.001
PG 59
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 245HK
UT WOS:000251925500004
PM 17451995
ER
PT J
AU Sen, B
Mahadevan, B
DeMarini, DM
AF Sen, Banalata
Mahadevan, Brinda
DeMarini, David M.
TI Transcriptional responses to complex mixtures - A review
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE microarray; cigarette smoke; diesel exhaust; urban air; carbon black;
gene expression; risk assessment
ID DIESEL EXHAUST PARTICLES; DIFFERENTIAL GENE-EXPRESSION; PARTICULATE
AIR-POLLUTION; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; NRF2 ENHANCES
SUSCEPTIBILITY; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; CDNA MICROARRAY ANALYSIS;
DENSITY DNA MICROARRAY; CIGARETTE-SMOKE; TOBACCO-SMOKE
AB Exposure of people to hazardous compounds is primarily through complex environmental mixtures, those that occur through media such as air, soil, water, food, cigarette smoke, and combustion emissions. Microarray technology offers the ability to query the entire genome after exposure to such an array of compounds, permitting a characterization of the biological effects of such exposures. This review summarizes the published literature on the transcriptional profiles resulting from exposure of cells or organisms to complex environmental mixtures such as cigarette smoke, diesel emissions, urban air, motorcycle exhaust, carbon black, jet fuel, and metal ore and fumes. The majority of the mixtures generally up-regulate gene expression, with heme oxygenase I and CYP1A1 being up-regulated by all of the mixtures. Most of the mixtures altered the expression of genes involved in oxidative stress response (OH-1, metallothioneins), immune/inflammation response (IL-1b, protein kinase), xenobiofic metabolism (CYP1A1, CYP1B1), coagulation and fibrinolysis (plasminogen activator/inhibitor), proto-oncogenes (FUS1, JUN), heat-shock response (HSP60, HSP70), DNA repair (PCNA, GADD45), structural unit of condensed DNA (Crf150rf16, DUSP 15), and extracellular matrix degradation (MMP1, 8,9, 11, 12). Genes involved in aldehyde metabolism, such as ALDH3, appeared to be uniquely modulated by cigarette smoke. Cigarette smoke-exposed populations have been successfully distinguished from control nonexposed populations based on the expression pattern of a subset of genes, thereby demonstrating the utility of this approach in identifying biomarkers of exposure and susceptibility. The analysis of gene-expression data at the pathway and functional level, along with a systems biology approach, will provide a more comprehensive insight into the biological effects of complex mixtures and will improve risk assessment of the same. We suggest critical components of study design and reporting that will achieve this goal. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Sen, Banalata] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Mahadevan, Brinda] Oregon State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
[DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM demarini.david@epa.gov
NR 92
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 5
U2 19
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5742
J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT
JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 636
IS 1-3
BP 144
EP 177
DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2007.08.002
PG 34
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 245HK
UT WOS:000251925500007
PM 17888717
ER
PT J
AU Richardson, SD
Plewa, MJ
Wagner, ED
Schoeny, R
DeMarini, DM
AF Richardson, Susan D.
Plewa, Michael J.
Wagner, Elizabeth D.
Schoeny, Rita
DeMarini, David M.
TI Occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging
disinfection by-products in drinking water: A review and roadmap for
research
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH
LA English
DT Review
DE N-nitrosodimethylamine; regulated and unregulated DBPs; total organic
halogen; total organic carbon
ID ABERRANT CRYPT FOCI; MALE F344/N RATS; N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE NDMA;
OXIDATIVE DNA-DAMAGE; JUNCTIONAL INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION;
SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM YG7108; MAMMALIAN-CELL CYTOTOXICITY; ADVERSE
PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; AMES-FLUCTUATION TEST
AB Disinfection by-products (DBPs) are formed when disinfectants (chlorine, ozone, chlorine dioxide, or chloramines) react with naturally occurring organic matter, anthropogenic contaminants, bromide, and iodide during the production of drinking water. Here we review 30 years of research on the occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of 85 DBPs, I I of which are currently regulated by the U.S., and 74 of which are considered emerging DBPs due to their moderate occurrence levels and/or toxicological properties. These 74 include halonitromethanes, iodo-acids and other unregulated halo-acids, iodo-trihalomethanes (THms), and other unregulated halomethanes, halofuranones (MX [3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone] and brominated MX DBPs), haloamides, haloacetonitriles, tribromopyrrole, aldehydes, and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and other nitrosamines. Alternative disinfection practices result in drinking water from which extracted organic material is less mutagenic than extracts of chlorinated water. However, the levels of many emerging DBPs are increased by alternative disinfectants (primarily ozone or chloramines) compared to chlorination, and many emerging DBPs are more genotoxic than some of the regulated DBPs. Our analysis identified three categories of DBPs of particular interest. Category I contains eight DBPs with some or all of the toxicologic characteristics of human carcinogens: four regulated (bromodichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, dibromoacetic acid, and bromate) and four unregulated DBPs (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, NIX, and NDMA). Categories 2 and 3 contain 43 emerging DBPs that are present at moderate levels (sub- to low-mu g/L): category 2 contains 29 of these that are genotoxic (including chloral hydrate and chloroacetaldehyde, which are also a rodent carcinogens); category 3 contains the remaining 14 for which little or no toxicological data are available. In general, the brominated DBPs are both more genotoxic and carcinogenic than are chlorinated compounds, and iodinated DBPs were the most genotoxic of all but have not been tested for carcinogenicity. There were toxicological data gaps for even some of the I I regulated DBPs, as well as for most of the 74 emerging DBPs. A systematic assessment of DBPs for genotoxicity has been performed for similar to 60 DBPs for DNA damage in mammalian cells and 16 for mutagenicity in Salmonella. A recent epidemiologic study found that much of the risk for bladder cancer associated with drinking water was associated with three factors: THM levels, showering/bathing/swimming (i.e., dermal/inhalation exposure), and genotype (having the GSTT1-1 gene). This finding, along with mechanistic studies, highlights the emerging importance of dermal/ inhalation exposure to the THMs, or possibly other DBPs, and the role of genotype for risk for drinking-water-associated bladder cancer. More than 50% of the total organic halogen (TOX) formed by chlorination and more than 50% of the assimilable organic carbon (AOC) formed by ozonation has not been identified chemically. The potential interactions among the 600 identified DBPs in the complex mixture of drinking water to which we are exposed by various routes is not reflected in any of the toxicology studies of individual DBPs. The categories of DBPs described here, the identified data gaps, and the emerging role of dermal/inhalation exposure provide guidance for drinking water and public health research. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 [Richardson, Susan D.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Plewa, Michael J.; Wagner, Elizabeth D.] Univ Illinois, Coll Agr Consumer & Environm Sci, Dept Crop Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA.
[Schoeny, Rita] US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
[DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Richardson, SD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM richardson.susan@epa.gov
NR 313
TC 913
Z9 998
U1 110
U2 719
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5742
J9 MUTAT RES-REV MUTAT
JI Mutat. Res.-Rev. Mutat. Res.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 636
IS 1-3
BP 178
EP 242
DI 10.1016/j.mrrev.2007.09.001
PG 65
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 245HK
UT WOS:000251925500008
PM 17980649
ER
PT J
AU Ryan, JC
Dechraoui, MYB
Morey, JS
Rezvani, A
Levin, ED
Gordon, CJ
Ramsdell, JS
Van Dolah, FM
AF Ryan, James C.
Dechraoui, Marie-Yasmine Bottein
Morey, Jeanine S.
Rezvani, Amir
Levin, Edward D.
Gordon, Christopher J.
Ramsdell, John S.
Van Dolah, Frances M.
TI Transcriptional profiling of whole blood and serum protein analysis of
mice exposed to the neurotoxin Pacific Ciguatoxin-1
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE ciguatoxin; microarray; gene expression; blood; ciguatera; biotoxin
ID PROTEASOME SYSTEM; ALLERGIC AIRWAYS; INTERFERON-GAMMA; IN-VIVO;
RECEPTORS; CYTOKINES; LEPTIN; CELLS; INFLAMMATION; OSTEOPONTIN
AB Ciguatoxins(CTX) are a suite of cyclic polyether toxins produced by the marine dinoflagellate Gambierdiscus sp., are potent activators of voltage-gated sodium channels and a leading cause of human poisoning from food fish. This report characterizes the genomic and proteomic response in whole blood of adult male mice exposed i.p. to 264 ng/kg of the Pacific congener of CTX (P-CTX-1) at 1, 4 and 24 h. Whole genome microarray expression data were filtered by tightness of fit between replicates, fold change (1.8) and p-value (10(-5)), resulting in 183 annotated genes used for trending analysis, K-means clustering and ontology classification. Genes involved with cytokine signaling, proteasome complex and ribosomal function were dominant. qPCR performed on 19 genes of interest had a correlation of 0.95 to array results by Pearson's correlation coefficient. Serum protein analysis showed small but significant changes in 6 of 60 proteins assayed: Cc12, Cc112, CD40, IL-10, leptin and M-CSF. In large part, the gene expression was consistent with a Th2 immune response with interesting similarities to expression seen in asthmatic models. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 [Ryan, James C.; Dechraoui, Marie-Yasmine Bottein; Morey, Jeanine S.; Ramsdell, John S.; Van Dolah, Frances M.] NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, Natl Ocean Serv, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
[Rezvani, Amir; Levin, Edward D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC USA.
[Gordon, Christopher J.] Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Ryan, JC (reprint author), NOAA, Ctr Coastal Environm Hlth & Biomol Res, Marine Biotoxins Program, Natl Ocean Serv, 219 Fort Johnson Rd, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
EM james.ryan@noaa.gov
OI Ryan, James/0000-0002-1101-3785
NR 52
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 9
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0161-813X
J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY
JI Neurotoxicology
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 28
IS 6
BP 1099
EP 1109
DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2007.05.013
PG 11
WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 239SJ
UT WOS:000251537700005
PM 17868886
ER
PT J
AU Ehman, KD
Phillips, PM
McDaniel, KL
Barone, S
Moser, VC
AF Ehman, K. D.
Phillips, P. M.
McDaniel, K. L.
Barone, S., Jr.
Moser, V. C.
TI Evaluation of developmental neurotoxicity of organotins via drinking
water in rats: Dimethyl tin
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE dimethyl tin; developmental neurotoxicity; Organotin; Behavior;
cognition; rats
ID SPONTANEOUS-ALTERNATION; TRIMETHYLTIN; EXTINCTION; TOXICITY; CELLS;
PERFORMANCE; 11-DAY-OLD; APOPTOSIS; REWARD
AB Dimethyltin (DMT) is one of several organotins that are detected in domestic water supplies due to their use as plastic stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and chlorinated PVC (CPVC) products. A limited number of in vitro and in vivo studies suggest that DMT may produce developmental neurotoxicity; therefore, we initiated studies to evaluate long-term neurobehavioral changes in offspring following perinatal exposure. In the first study, female Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed via drinking water to DMT (0, 3, 15, 74 ppm) before mating and throughout gestation and lactation. Male offspring were tested for changes in: 1) preweaning learning in an associative runway task, 2) motor activity ontogeny, 3) spatial learning and retention in the Morris water maze as adults, 4) brain weight, 5) biochemical evidence of apoptosis, and 6) neuropathology. DMT toxicity was expressed as depressed maternal weight gain (74 ppm), and in the offspring, decreased brain weight (3, 74 ppm), decreased apoptosis (all concentrations), mild vacuolation in adult offspring (all concentrations), and slower learning in the water maze (15 ppm) due to altered spatial search patterns. In a second study, DMT exposure (same concentrations) occurred from gestational day 6 to weaning. Male and female offspring were tested. The high concentration again depressed maternal weight gain, decreased offspring birth weight and preweaning growth, and decreased brain weight. Increased and decreased apoptotic markers were measured, depending on age. Learning deficits were observed in the runway at postnatal day I I (15, 74 ppm) and again in the adult offspring in the water maze (15 ppm). The results of both studies demonstrate a reproducible effect of 15 ppm perinatal DMT exposure on spatial learning. Changes in expression of apoptosis, brain weight, and the occurrence of neuropathological lesions also indicate potential neurotoxicity of DMT. These results were in contrast to earlier findings with monomethyl tin, for which only similar neuropathological lesions were observed. Thus, developmental neurotoxicity may be produced in offspring following gestational exposure to DMT in drinking water. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 [Ehman, K. D.; Phillips, P. M.; McDaniel, K. L.; Barone, S., Jr.; Moser, V. C.] US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Moser, VC (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM moser.ginger@epa.gov
NR 31
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 3
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0892-0362
J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL
JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
PD NOV-DEC
PY 2007
VL 29
IS 6
BP 622
EP 633
DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2007.07.004
PG 12
WC Neurosciences; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology
GA 242AP
UT WOS:000251697200004
PM 17764894
ER
PT J
AU Lomnicky, GA
Whitrier, TR
Hughes, RM
Peck, DV
AF Lomnicky, Gregg A.
Whitrier, Thomas R.
Hughes, Robert M.
Peck, David V.
TI Distribution of nonnative aquatic vertebrates in western US streams and
rivers
SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID FISH ASSEMBLAGES; UNITED-STATES; SPECIES RICHNESS; BIOTIC INTEGRITY;
COLORADO RIVER; FRESH-WATER; TROUT; HOMOGENIZATION; CALIFORNIA;
INVASIONS
AB Nonnative aquatic vertebrates have been widely introduced across the western United States. We analyzed data from the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program's western pilot study to determine the occurrence of normative fish and amphibians and the proportion of stream length they occupied in streams of 12 conterminous western states. A total of 1,361 sites (including both probability sites and candidate reference sites) were sampled from 2000 to 2004. Of these, 711 probability sites had sufficient sampling effort and vertebrates present, representing a total assessed stream length of 213,600 km. Native and normative species numbers and proportionate abundances based on this stream length are reported for the entire study area, for three large-scale ecoregions (Mountains, Xeric, and Plains), and for each state in the survey area. Sites with insufficient sampling effort or collection permit restrictions or in which no vertebrates were collected could not be assessed and represented an additional 90,000 kin of stream length. An estimated 52 +/- 4% (mean and 95% confidence interval) of the assessed stream length contained normative vertebrates. Normatives represented more than 50% of the individuals in 22 +/- 3% of the assessed stream length. Normative vertebrates were present in 59 +/- 10% of the assessed length represented by fourth-order rivers and in 83 +/- 6% of the assessed length represented by fifth-order and larger rivers. From 30 to 33 normative species were found in each of the three ecoregions. Brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, brown trout Salmo trutta, and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss were the most common normative aquatic vertebrates found in the study area based on the proportion of assessed stream length occupied. Of the 12 states surveyed, California accounted for the greatest number of normative taxa we collected (26) and Idaho the fewest (4).
C1 [Lomnicky, Gregg A.] Dynamac Corp, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Whitrier, Thomas R.; Hughes, Robert M.] Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
[Peck, David V.] US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Lomnicky, GA (reprint author), Dynamac Corp, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM lomnicky.gregg@epa.gov
NR 70
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 3
U2 8
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0275-5947
J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE
JI North Am. J. Fish Manage.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 27
IS 4
BP 1082
EP 1093
DI 10.1577/M06-155.1
PG 12
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 247GG
UT WOS:000252065400004
ER
PT J
AU Ehn, NL
Cooper, ME
Orr, K
Shi, M
Johnson, MK
Caprau, D
Dagle, J
Steffen, K
Johnson, K
Marazita, ML
Merrill, D
Murray, JC
AF Ehn, Nicole L.
Cooper, Margaret E.
Orr, Kristin
Shi, Min
Johnson, Marla K.
Caprau, Diana
Dagle, John
Steffen, Katherine
Johnson, Karen
Marazita, Mary L.
Merrill, David
Murray, Jeffrey C.
TI Evaluation of fetal and maternal genetic variation in the progesterone
receptor gene for contributions to preterm birth
SO PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID 17-ALPHA-HYDROXYPROGESTERONE CAPROATE; UNIFIED APPROACH;
GESTATIONAL-AGE; DISEASE GENES; ASSOCIATION; DELIVERY; PREVENTION;
PARTURITION; ISOFORM; RISK
AB Progesterone plays a critical role in the maintenance of pregnancy and has been effectively used to prevent recurrences of preterm labor. We investigated the role of genetic variation in the progesterone receptor (PGR) gene in modulating risks for preterm labor by examining both maternal and fetal effects. Cases were infants delivered prematurely at the University of Iowa. DNA was collected from the mother, infant, and father. Seventeen single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) and an insertion deletion variant in PGR were studied in 415 families. Results were then analyzed using transmission disequilibrium tests and log-linear-model-based analysis. DNA sequencing of the PGR gene was also carried out in 92 mothers of preterm infants. We identified significant associations between SNP in the PGR for both mother and preterm infant. No etiologic sequence variants were found in the coding sequence of the PGR gene. This study suggests that genetic variation in the PGR gene of either the mother or the fetus may trigger preterm labor.
C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Human Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Oral Biol, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA.
Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Craniofacial & Dent Genet, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Baptist Med Ctr, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA.
RP Murray, JC (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Pediat, S Grand Ave,2182 ML, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM jeff-murray@uiowa.edu
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000059, M01 RR000059-466795, M01-RR-59]; NICHD NIH
HHS [HD052953, R01 HD052953, R01 HD052953-02, R01 HD052953-03]; PHS HHS
[U50 CCU 713238]
NR 40
TC 45
Z9 51
U1 0
U2 1
PU INT PEDIATRIC RESEARCH FOUNDATION, INC
PI BALTIMORE
PA 351 W CAMDEN ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21201-2436 USA
SN 0031-3998
J9 PEDIATR RES
JI Pediatr. Res.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 62
IS 5
BP 630
EP 635
PG 6
WC Pediatrics
SC Pediatrics
GA 224WD
UT WOS:000250477000022
PM 17805208
ER
PT J
AU Wambaugh, JF
Behringer, RP
Matthews, JV
Gremaud, PA
AF Wambaugh, John F.
Behringer, Robert P.
Matthews, John V.
Gremaud, Pierre A.
TI Response to perturbations for granular flow in a hopper
SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPUTATION; DISCHARGE
AB We experimentally investigate the response to perturbations of circular symmetry for dense granular flow inside a three-dimensional right-conical hopper. These experiments consist of particle tracking velocimetry for the flow at the outer boundary of the hopper. We are able to test commonly used constitutive relations and observe granular flow phenomena that we can model numerically. Unperturbed conical hopper flow has been described as a radial velocity field with no azimuthal component. Guided by numerical models based upon continuum descriptions, we find experimental evidence for secondary, azimuthal circulation in response to perturbation of the symmetry with respect to gravity by tilting. For small perturbations we can discriminate between constitutive relations, based upon the agreement between the numerical predictions they produce and our experimental results. We find that the secondary circulation can be suppressed as wall friction is varied, also in agreement with numerical predictions. For large tilt angles we observe the abrupt onset of circulation for parameters where circulation was previously suppressed. Finally, we observe that for large tilt angles the fluctuations in velocity grow, independent of the onset of circulation.
C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
Duke Univ, Ctr Nonlinear & Complex Syst, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
Univ Tennessee Chattanooga, Dept Math, Chattanooga, TN 37403 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Ctr Res Sci Computat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Wambaugh, JF (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
OI Wambaugh, John/0000-0002-4024-534X
NR 23
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 3
U2 7
PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC
PI COLLEGE PK
PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA
SN 1539-3755
J9 PHYS REV E
JI Phys. Rev. E
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 76
IS 5
AR 051303
DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.76.051303
PN 1
PG 8
WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical
SC Physics
GA 236TK
UT WOS:000251326100039
PM 18233648
ER
PT J
AU Tingey, DT
Lee, EH
Phillips, DL
Rygiewicz, PT
Waschmann, RS
Johnson, MG
Olszyk, DM
AF Tingey, David T.
Lee, E. Henry
Phillips, Donald L.
Rygiewicz, Paul T.
Waschmann, Ronald S.
Johnson, Mark G.
Olszyk, David M.
TI Elevated CO2 and temperature alter net ecosystem C exchange in a young
Douglas fir mesocosm experiment
SO PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE global change; photosynthesis; respiration
ID SCRUB-OAK ECOSYSTEM; ATMOSPHERIC CO2; CARBON BALANCE; DARK RESPIRATION;
PLANT RESPIRATION; MODEL-ECOSYSTEMS; LEAF RESPIRATION; CLIMATE-CHANGE;
GAS-EXCHANGE; SOIL
AB We investigated the effects of elevated CO2 (EC) [ambient CO2 (AC) + 190 ppm] and elevated temperature (ET) [ambient temperature (AT) + 3.6 degrees C] on net ecosystem exchange (NEE) of seedling Douglas fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) mesocosms. As the study utilized seedlings in reconstructed soil-litter-plant systems, we anticipated greater C losses through ecosystem respiration (R-e) than gains through gross photosynthesis (GPP), i.e. negative NEE. We hypothesized that: (1) EC would increase GPP more than R-e, resulting in NEE being less negative; and (2) ET would increase R-e more than GPP, resulting in NEE being more negative. We also evaluated effects of CO2 and temperature on light inhibition of dark respiration. Consistent with our hypothesis, NEE was a smaller C source in EC, not because EC increased photosynthesis but rather because of decreased respiration resulting in less C loss. Consistent with our hypothesis, NEE was more negative in ET because R-e increased more than GPP. The light level that inhibited respiration varied seasonally with little difference among CO2 and temperature treatments. In contrast, the degree of light inhibition of respiration was greater in AC than EC. In our system, respiration was the primary control on NEE, as EC and ET caused greater changes in respiration than photosynthesis.
C1 US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
RP Phillips, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97330 USA.
EM phillips.donald@epa.gov
RI Phillips, Donald/D-5270-2011
NR 49
TC 13
Z9 13
U1 1
U2 8
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0140-7791
J9 PLANT CELL ENVIRON
JI Plant Cell Environ.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 30
IS 11
BP 1400
EP 1410
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2007.01713.x
PG 11
WC Plant Sciences
SC Plant Sciences
GA 215RJ
UT WOS:000249826400005
PM 17897410
ER
PT J
AU Lin, JA
Watanabe, J
Rozengurt, N
Narasimha, A
Martin, MG
Wang, J
Braun, J
Langenbach, R
Reddy, ST
AF Lin, James A.
Watanabe, Junji
Rozengurt, Nora
Narasimha, Ajay
Martin, Martin G.
Wang, Jenny
Braun, Jonathan
Langenbach, Robert
Reddy, Srinivasa T.
TI Atherogenic diet causes lethal ileo-ceco-colitis in cyclooxygenase-2
deficient mice
SO PROSTAGLANDINS & OTHER LIPID MEDIATORS
LA English
DT Article
DE COX-2; bile acids; Crohn's disease; inflammatory bowel disease;
intestinal inflammation
ID INFLAMMATORY-BOWEL-DISEASE; COLON-CANCER CELLS; INDUCIBLE
CYCLOOXYGENASE; CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS; DEOXYCHOLIC-ACID; CARCINOMA
CELLS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; STROMAL CELLS; INHIBITION; COX-2
AB Cyclooxygenases (COX) regulate a variety of inflammatory diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). While the pathological effects of COX-1 inhibition by NSAIDs on intestinal ulceration are well established, the role of COX-2 on intestinal inflammation remains under investigation. In this paper, we report a protective role for COX-2 against diet-mediated intestinal inflammation in mice. COX-2(-/-) mice fed an atherogenic diet or diet containing cholate, but not chow or fat alone, had a high mortality whereas COX-1(-/-) mice and wild-type mice were unaffected by the dietary changes. Histological analysis identified the cause of death in COX-2(-/-) mice due to severe intestinal inflammation that was surprisingly limited to the ileo-ceco-colic junction. COX-2 expression is induced in the cecum of wild-type mice fed an atherogenic diet. Our findings show that COX-2 plays an anti-inflammatory role at the ileo-ceco-colic junction in mice, and the pathology of diet-mediated intestinal inflammation in COX-2(-/-) mice offers an excellent model system to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of intestinal inflammation. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All tights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med Cardiol, Inst Mol Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Atherosclerosis Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mol & Med Pharmacol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Reddy, ST (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med Cardiol, Inst Mol Biol, A8-131 CHS,650 Charles E Young Dr S, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
EM sreddy@mednet.ucla.edu
RI Lin, James/E-4796-2010
FU NCI NIH HHS [P30 CA016042]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL071776-01, 1R01HL71776,
R01 HL071776, R01 HL082823, R01 HL082823-01A2]; NIAID NIH HHS [P30
AI028697]; NIDDK NIH HHS [5R33DK070328, R33 DK070328]
NR 47
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1098-8823
J9 PROSTAG OTH LIPID M
JI Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 84
IS 3-4
BP 98
EP 107
DI 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2007.04.004
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology
GA 239CY
UT WOS:000251497300002
PM 17991612
ER
PT J
AU Farraj, AK
Boykin, E
Haykal-Coates, N
Gavett, SH
Doerfler, D
Selgrade, M
AF Farraj, Aimen K.
Boykin, Elizabeth
Haykal-Coates, Najwa
Gavett, Stephen H.
Doerfler, Donald
Selgrade, MaryJane
TI Th2 cytokines in skin draining lymph nodes and serum IgE do not predict
airway hypersensitivity to intranasal isocyanate exposure in mice
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE isocyanates; airway hypersensitivity; Th2 cytokines; serum IgE; skin
draining lymph nodes; intranasal instillation; dermal exposure; mice;
dinitrochlorobenzene; hazard identification
ID DIISOCYANATE-INDUCED ASTHMA; MOLECULAR-WEIGHT COMPOUNDS; TOLUENE
DIISOCYANATE; TRIMELLITIC ANHYDRIDE; DERMAL SENSITIZATION; OCCUPATIONAL
ASTHMA; MURINE MODEL; MOUSE MODEL; A/J MICE; RESPIRATORY
HYPERSENSITIVITY
AB Isocyanate exposure in the workplace has been linked to asthma and allergic rhinitis. Recently, investigators have proposed that Th2 cytokine responses in lymph nodes draining the site of dermal application of chemicals including isocyanates may be used to identify sensitizers that cause asthma-like responses. The purpose of this study was to determine if the cytokine profile induced after dermal sensitization with isocyanates and serum IgE predict immediate (IHS) and methacholine-induced late (LHS) respiratory hypersensitivity responses after intranasal challenge. Dermal application of hexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI), toluene diisocyanate (TDI), or methylene diisocyanate (MDI) significantly increased interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13 secretion in parotid lymph node cells. Isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) increased IL-4 and IL-13, but not IL-5. Tolyl(mono)isocyanate (TMI), tetramethylene xylene diisocyanate (TMXDI), or the contact sensitizer dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB), only induced minor increases in some of the Th2 cytokines. HMDI, TDI, MDI, and IPDI elicited greater increases in total serum IgE than DNCB, TMI, and TMXDI. All chemicals except TMXDI caused IHS after intranasal challenge of sensitized female BALB/c mice. Only HMDI-, TMI-, or TMXDI-sensitized and challenged mice had increases in LHS. All chemicals elicited epithelial cytotoxicity indicative of nasal airway irritation. The discordance between dermal cytokine profiles and respiratory responses suggests that dermal responses do not necessarily predict respiratory responses. Serum IgE also was not predictive of the respiratory responses to the isocyanates, suggesting that other unknown mechanisms may be involved.
C1 US EPA, Div Expt Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Selgrade, M (reprint author), US EPA, Div Expt Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM selgrade.maryjane@epa.gov
NR 55
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 1
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 1
BP 99
EP 108
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm194
PG 10
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 227VT
UT WOS:000250686600013
PM 17693426
ER
PT J
AU Benignus, VA
Boyes, WK
Kenyon, EM
Bushnell, PJ
AF Benignus, Vernon A.
Boyes, William K.
Kenyon, Elaina M.
Bushnell, Philip J.
TI Quantitative comparisons of the acute neurotoxicity of toluene in rats
and humans
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE behavior; neurotoxicology; dose-response; risk assessment; volatile
organic compounds; agents
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; XENOPUS-OOCYTES;
EXPOSURE; AVOIDANCE; INHALATION; ACETONE; MODEL; TRICHLOROETHYLENE;
SCHEDULE
AB The behavioral and neurophysiological effects of acute exposure to toluene are the most thoroughly explored of all the hydrocarbon solvents. Behavioral effects have been experimentally studied in humans and other species, for example, rats. The existence of both rat and human dosimetric data offers the opportunity to quantitatively compare the relative sensitivity to acute toluene exposure. The purpose of this study was to fit dose-effect curves to existing data and to estimate the dose-equivalence equation (DEE) between rats and humans. The DEE gives the doses that produce the same magnitude of effect in the two species. Doses were brain concentrations of toluene estimated from physiologically based pharmacokinetic models. Human experiments measuring toluene effects on choice reaction time (CRT) were meta-analyzed. Rat studies employed various dependent variables: amplitude of visual-evoked potentials (VEPs), signal detection (SIGDET) accuracy (ACCU) and reaction time (RT), and escape-avoidance (ES-AV) behaviors. Comparison of dose-effect functions showed that human and rat sensitivity was practically the same for those two task regimens that exerted the least control over the behaviors being measured (VEP in rats and CRT in humans) and the sensitivity was progressively lower for SIGDET RT, SIGDET ACCU, and ES-AV behaviors in rats. These results suggested that the sensitivity to impairment by toluene depends on the strength of control over the measured behavior rather than on the species being tested. This interpretation suggests that (1) sensitivity to toluene would be equivalent in humans and rats if both species performed behaviors that were controlled to the same extent, (2) the most sensitive tests of neurobehavioral effects would be those in which least control is exerted on the behavior being measured, and (3) effects of toluene in humans may be estimated using the DEEs from rat studies despite differences in the amount of control exerted by the experimental regimen or differences in the behaviors under investigation.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Human Studies Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Benignus, VA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Human Studies Div, Mail Code B105-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM benignus.vernon@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 2
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 1
BP 146
EP 155
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm203
PG 10
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 227VT
UT WOS:000250686600018
PM 17698514
ER
PT J
AU Laws, SC
Stoker, TE
Ferrell, JM
Hotchkiss, MG
Cooper, RL
AF Laws, Susan C.
Stoker, Tammy E.
Ferrell, Janet M.
Hotchkiss, Michelle G.
Cooper, Ralph L.
TI Effects of altered food intake during pubertal development in male and
female wistar rats
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE pubertal development; food restriction; endocrine disruptors
ID STEROID-BIOSYNTHESIS INHIBITORS; I SCREENING BATTERY; THYROID
END-POINTS; FEED RESTRICTION; REPRODUCTIVE AXIS; SEXUAL-MATURATION; CD
RATS; ATRAZINE; TESTOSTERONE; PROTOCOL
AB The U. S. Environmental Protection Agency is currently validating assays that will be used in a Tier I Screening Battery to detect endocrine disrupting chemicals. A primary concern with the Protocols for the Assessment of Pubertal Development and Thyroid Function in Juvenile Male and Female Rats is that a nonspecific reduction in body weight (BWT) during the exposure period may potentially confound the interpretation of effects on the endocrine endpoints. Wistar rats were underfed 10, 20, 30, or 40% less than the ad libitum food consumed by controls from postnatal days ( PNDs) 22 to 42 ( females) or PNDs 23 to 53 ( males). Terminal BWT of females and males were 2, 4, 12, and 19% and 2, 6, 9, and 19% lower than controls, respectively. In the females, neither the age of pubertal onset nor any of the thyroid hormone endpoints were affected by food restriction ( FR) that led to a 12% decrease in BWT. Similarly, none of the male reproductive endpoints examined were altered by FR that led to a 9% BWT decrease. However, decreased triiodothyronine and thyroxin was observed in FR males with a 9% reduced BWT. While these data support the use of the maximum tolerated dose for BWT ( 10%) for the female protocol, effects on the male thyroid endpoints indicate that a slightly lower limit ( <= 6% BWT loss) may be appropriate for the male pubertal protocol, and in cases where the BWT loss approaches 9 - 10%, additional studies and/ or a weight of evidence approach should be used when interpreting the data for the thyroid endpoints.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NHEERL,Reprod Toxicol Div, Endocrinol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Laws, SC (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NHEERL,Reprod Toxicol Div, Endocrinol Branch, MD 72,Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM laws.susan@epa.gov
NR 38
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 1
BP 194
EP 202
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm219
PG 9
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 227VT
UT WOS:000250686600022
PM 17728285
ER
PT J
AU Claxton, LD
AF Claxton, L. D.
TI A review of conflict of interest, competing interest, and bias for
toxicologists
SO TOXICOLOGY AND INDUSTRIAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Review
DE academia; bias; competing interest; conflict of interest; editors;
ethics; government; industry; journals; law; non-profit organizations;
scientific societies; toxicology
ID TOBACCO INDUSTRY; LIFE SCIENCES; BIOMEDICAL-RESEARCH; US UNIVERSITIES;
VINYL-CHLORIDE; SOUND SCIENCE; ETHICS; SCIENTISTS; GUIDELINES; POLICIES
AB One of the issues often associated with scientific misconduct is conflict of interest. Although there is a lack of uniformity in the definition of conflict of interest, many express concerns that competing interests may bias research methods and the interpretation of data and conclusions. In extreme cases, conflict of interest activity could contribute to scientific misconduct, hinder the training of scientists, delay the dissemination of research results, lead to the harming of human health and the environment, and misdirect society's decisions that rely on science. This article is not a commentary or editorial but an attempt to supply an overview of what has been said, researched, and accomplished in the area of conflict of interest for toxicologists. Discussion of the financial, professional, and philosophical concerns associated with conflict of interest will be followed by brief discussion of general management approaches and the roles of scientists and organizations from all sectors (i.e., academia, industry, non-profit organizations, and government).
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Claxton, LD (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM claxton.larry@epa.gov
OI Claxton, Larry/0000-0001-7455-1583
NR 109
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
PI THOUSAND OAKS
PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA
SN 0748-2337
J9 TOXICOL IND HEALTH
JI Toxicol. Ind. Health
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 23
IS 10
BP 557
EP 571
DI 10.1177/0748233708089046
PG 15
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology
GA 322GN
UT WOS:000257363300001
PM 18717514
ER
PT J
AU Hotchkiss, AK
Furr, J
Makynen, EA
Ankley, GT
Gray, LE
AF Hotchkiss, A. K.
Furr, J.
Makynen, E. A.
Ankley, G. T.
Gray, L. E., Jr.
TI In utero exposure to the environmental androgen trenbolone masculinizes
female Sprague-Dawley rats
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE trenbolone; EDC; androgen; masculinization; female; reproductive
development
ID PRENATAL TESTOSTERONE PROPIONATE; ANOGENITAL DISTANCE; FATHEAD MINNOW;
SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; FEEDLOT EFFLUENT; MILL EFFLUENT;
17-BETA-TRENBOLONE; PHTHALATE; BEHAVIOR; VITRO
AB Recently, the occurrence of environmental contaminants with androgenic activity has been described from pulp and paper mill effluents and beef feedlot discharges. A synthetic androgen associated with beef production is trenbolone acetate, which is used to promote growth in cattle. A primary metabolite, 17(3 Trenbolone (TB), has been characterized as a potent androgen in both in vitro and in vivo studies with rats. The current study was designed to characterize the permanent morphological and functional consequences of prenatal TB exposure on female rats compared with those produced in an earlier study with testosterone propionate (TP). Female rat offspring were exposed to 0 mg/day, 0.1 mg/day, 0.5 mg/day, 1.0 mg/day, or 2.0 mg/day TB on gestational days 14-19. The 0.5 mg/day, 1.0 mg/day, or 2.0 mg/day TB groups displayed increases in neonatal anogenital distance (AGD) which persisted in the high dose group. Puberty was delayed in the high dose group and there were increased incidences of external genital malformations and the presence of male prostatic tissue in the 0.5 mg/day, 1.0 mg/day, or 2.0 mg/day groups. These changes were associated with amniotic fluid concentrations of TB that compare favorably with concentrations known to be active in both in vitro systems and in fish. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Endocrinol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Content Div, Tox Effects Charaterizat Res Branch, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
NCSU, US EPA, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
RP Gray, LE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Endocrinol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM gray.earl@epa.gov
NR 38
TC 29
Z9 32
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 174
IS 1-3
BP 31
EP 41
DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.08.008
PG 11
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 233QS
UT WOS:000251106000005
PM 17931805
ER
PT J
AU Blystone, CR
Lambright, CS
Furr, J
Wilson, VS
Gray, LE
AF Blystone, Chad R.
Lambright, Christy S.
Furr, Jfohnathan
Wilson, Vickie S.
Gray, L. Earl, Jr.
TI Iprodione delays male rat pubertal development, reduces serum
testosterone levels, and decreases ex vivo testicular testosterone
production
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE iprodione; steroidogenesis; puberty; testosterone; endocrine disruption
ID ANDROGEN-RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST; REPRODUCTIVE MALFORMATIONS;
SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; IMIDAZOLE DRUGS; IN-VITRO; KETOCONAZOLE;
PROCYMIDONE; VINCLOZOLIN; INHIBITION; FUNGICIDE
AB Iprodione (IPRO) is a dichlorophenyl dicarboximide fungicide similar to procymidone and vinclozolin. All three of these fungicides induce Leydig cell tumors in the rat testis in long-term studies and an endocrine mode of action has been hypothesized to mediate this effect. Although both procymidone and vinclozolin antagonize the androgen receptor (AR) in vitro and in vivo, IPRO does not appear to be an AR antagonist. We proposed that pubertal exposure to IPRO would delay male rat pubertal development and reduce testosterone production within the testis. Sprague-Dawley weanling rats were dosed by gavage with 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg/day of IPRO from post-natal day (PND) 23 to 51/52. The onset of puberty (progression of preputial separation (PPS)) was measured starting on PND 37. Organ weights, serum hormones, and ex vivo testis steroid hormone production under stimulated (+human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)) and unstimulated (-hCG) conditions were measured at necropsy. IPRO delayed PPS at 100 and 200 mg/kg/day and decreased androgen sensitive seminal vesicle and epididymides weights at 200 mg/kg/day. Furthermore, IPRO increased adrenal and liver weights at 200 mg/kg/day, presumably by different mechanism(s) of action. Serum testosterone levels were decreased along with serum 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone and androstenedione whereas serum LH was unaffected. IPRO reduced ex vivo testis production of testosterone and progesterone. Taken together, these results suggest that IPRO affects steroidogenesis within the testis, not through disruption of LH signaling, but possibly through enzyme inhibition of the steroidogenic pathway before CYP17. These data, along with the reported failure of IPRO to elicit an AR antagonism in vitro, provide evidence that IPRO differs from the dicarboximides procymidone and vinclozolin in that the effects on male rat pubertal development result from an inhibition of steroidogenesis and not AR antagonism. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Human & Environm Effects Res Labs, Reprod Toxicol Div,Endocrinol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Gray, LE (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM Gray.Earl@EPA.gov
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010;
OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481
NR 32
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 174
IS 1-3
BP 74
EP 81
DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.08.010
PG 8
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 233QS
UT WOS:000251106000009
PM 17931804
ER
PT J
AU Hartig, P
Cardon, MC
Lambright, CR
Bobseine, KL
Gray, LE
Wilson, VS
AF Hartig, P. C.
Cardon, M. C.
Lambright, C. R.
Bobseine, K. L.
Gray, L. E., Jr.
Wilson, V. S.
TI Substitution of synthetic chimpanzee androgen receptor for human
androgen receptor in competitive binding and transcriptional activation
assays for EDC screening
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE adenovirus; baculovirus; androgen; receptor; human; chimpanzee
ID BACULOVIRUS SYSTEM; STEROID-BINDING; INSECT CELLS; DNA-BINDING;
EXPRESSION; PURIFICATION; REPORTER; WILDLIFE; VECTORS
AB The potential effect of receptor-mediated endocrine modulators across species is of increasing concern. In attempts to address these concerns, we are developing androgen and estrogen receptor binding assays using recombinant hormone receptors from a number of species across different vertebrate classes. The United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) Office of Science Coordination and Policy (OSCP) requested that we develop a nonhuman mammalian receptor-binding assay for possible use in their Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program (EDSP). Since the chimpanzee androgen receptor is very similar to that of humans and thus possesses properties which could be exploited in future endocrine studies, we synthesized and expressed this gene in eukaryotic expression plasmids, baculovirus expression vectors and replication deficient adenovirus. In all ligand-binding and transcriptional activation assays tested, the chimpanzee receptor performed essentially identically to the human receptor. This suggests that the chimpanzee gene could substitute for the human gene in endocrine screening assays. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Reprod Toxicol Div,RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Hartig, P (reprint author), US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Reprod Toxicol Div,RTP, 2525 E Highway 54, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM hartig.phillip@epa.gov
OI Wilson, Vickie/0000-0003-1661-8481
NR 27
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD NOV 1
PY 2007
VL 174
IS 1-3
BP 89
EP 97
DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.08.013
PG 9
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 233QS
UT WOS:000251106000011
PM 17920789
ER
PT J
AU Cygan, RT
Stevens, CT
Puls, RW
Yabusaki, SB
Wauchope, RD
McGrath, CJ
Curtis, GP
Siegel, MD
Veblen, LA
Turner, DR
AF Cygan, Randall T.
Stevens, Caroline T.
Puls, Robert W.
Yabusaki, Steven B.
Wauchope, Robert D.
McGrath, Christian J.
Curtis, Gary P.
Siegel, Malcolm D.
Veblen, Linda A.
Turner, David R.
TI Research activities at US government agencies in subsurface reactive
transport modeling
SO VADOSE ZONE JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
ID URANYL(VI) ADSORPTION EQUILIBRIA; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATION;
CATION-EXCHANGE MODEL; SAVANNA RIVER SITE; OIL SPILL SITE; HANFORD SITE;
CRUDE-OIL; HYDROCARBON BIODEGRADATION; CONTAMINATED GROUNDWATER;
GEOCHEMICAL TRANSPORT
AB The fate of contaminants in the environment is controlled by both chemical reactions and transport phenomena in the subsurface. Our ability to understand the significance of these processes over time requires an accurate conceptual model that incorporates the various mechanisms of coupled chemical and physical processes. Adsorption, desorption, ion exchange, precipitation, dissolution, growth, solid solution, redox, microbial activity, and other processes are often incorporated into reactive transport models for the prediction of contaminant fate and transport. U. S. federal agencies use such models to evaluate contaminant transport and provide guidance to decision makers and regulators for treatment issues. We provide summaries of selected research projects and programs to demonstrate the level of activity in various applications and to present examples of recent advances in subsurface reactive transport modeling.
C1 [Cygan, Randall T.; Siegel, Malcolm D.] Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
[Puls, Robert W.] US EPA, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
[Puls, Robert W.] US EPA, Ada, OK 74820 USA.
[Yabusaki, Steven B.] Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
[Wauchope, Robert D.] USDA, Tifton, GA 31793 USA.
[McGrath, Christian J.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.
[Curtis, Gary P.] US Geol Survey, Menlo Pk, CA 94025 USA.
[Veblen, Linda A.] US Nucl Regulatory Commiss, Washington, DC 20555 USA.
[Turner, David R.] SW Res Inst, Ctr Nucl Waste Regulatory Anal, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA.
RP Cygan, RT (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM rtcygan@sandia.gov
NR 121
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 8
PU SOIL SCI SOC AMER
PI MADISON
PA 677 SOUTH SEGOE ROAD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 1539-1663
J9 VADOSE ZONE J
JI Vadose Zone J.
PD NOV
PY 2007
VL 6
IS 4
BP 805
EP 822
DI 10.2136/vzj2006.0091
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Soil Science; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Agriculture; Water Resources
GA 254OO
UT WOS:000252596100013
ER
PT J
AU Zhao, M
Choi, YS
Obrietan, K
Dudek, SM
AF Zhao, Meilan
Choi, Yun-Sik
Obrietan, Karl
Dudek, Serena M.
TI Synaptic plasticity (and the lack thereof) in hippocampal CA2 neurons
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE long-term potentiation; long-term depression; TREK-1 channels; STEP;
ERK; CREB
ID LONG-TERM POTENTIATION; SIGNAL-REGULATED KINASE; TYROSINE PHOSPHATASE
STEP; PAIRED-PULSE FACILITATION; NMDA RECEPTOR SUBTYPES; RAT
HIPPOCAMPUS; PYRAMIDAL CELLS; NONPYRAMIDAL CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION;
SECTOR CA2
AB The hippocampus is critical for some forms of memory and spatial navigation, but previous research has mostly neglected the CA2, a unique region situated between CA3 and CA1. Here, we show that CA2 pyramidal neurons have distinctive physiological characteristics that include an unprecedented synaptic stability. Although basal synaptic currents in CA1 and CA2 are quite similar, synaptic plasticity including long-term potentiation and long-term depression is absent or less likely to be induced with conventional methods of stimulation in CA2. We also find that CA2 neurons have larger leak currents and more negative resting membrane potentials than CA1 neurons, and consequently, more current is required for action potential generation in CA2 neurons. These data suggest that the molecular "conspiracy against plasticity" in CA2 makes it functionally distinct from the other hippocampal CA regions. This work provides critical insight into hippocampal function and may lead to an understanding of the resistance of CA2 to damage from disease, trauma, and hypoxia.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Ohio State Univ, Dept Neurosci, Columbus, OH 43210 USA.
RP Dudek, SM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, POB 12233,MD F2-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM dudek@niehs.nih.gov
OI Dudek, Serena M./0000-0003-4094-8368
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES100221-06]; NINDS NIH HHS [NS47176]
NR 51
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 0
U2 7
PU SOC NEUROSCIENCE
PI WASHINGTON
PA 11 DUPONT CIRCLE, NW, STE 500, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0270-6474
J9 J NEUROSCI
JI J. Neurosci.
PD OCT 31
PY 2007
VL 27
IS 44
BP 12025
EP 12032
DI 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4094-07.2007
PG 8
WC Neurosciences
SC Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 226HB
UT WOS:000250577600033
PM 17978044
ER
PT J
AU Orlando, EF
Bass, DE
Caltabiano, LM
Davis, WP
Gray, LE
Guillette, LJ
AF Orlando, Edward F.
Bass, Danielle E.
Caltabiano, Lisa M.
Davis, William P.
Gray, L. Earl, Jr.
Guillette, Louis J., Jr.
TI Altered development and reproduction in mosquitofish exposed to pulp and
paper mill effluent in the Fenholloway River, Florida USA
SO AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE complex mixtures; endocrine disrupting chemicals; environmental
androgen; viviparous
ID GAMBUSIA-AFFINIS-AFFINIS; SECONDARY SEX CHARACTERS; ANAL FIN; WESTERN
MOSQUITOFISH; APPENDICULAR SUPPORT; FEMALE MOSQUITOFISH;
POECILIA-RETICULATA; ABNORMAL EXPRESSION; MASCULINIZATION; HOLBROOKI
AB Female mosquitofish exposed to pulp and paper mill effluent (PME) in the Fenholloway River, Florida, USA have masculinized secondary sex characteristics and altered aromatase enzyme activity. We and others have shown that the Fenholloway River PME contains androgenic and progestogenic substance(s). The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that the development and reproductive health of PME-exposed Fenholloway River mosquitofish are altered compared to mosquitofish living in Econfina River, which is the reference site. Fish were collected on a single day from both sites in June and August 1999 and January and June 2000. We compared standard length, anal fin length and segment number; body, liver, and gonad mass; and number of eggs and embryos from Fenholloway and Econfina River mosquitofish. The data were analyzed collectively for generalized site effect, for site effects during reproductive and nonreproductive seasons, and for repeatability of site effects, between years. Mosquitofish exposed to PME in the Fenholloway River were generally smaller in length and mass, anal fin segment number was greater, and the number of embryos, but not oocytes, was significantly decreased compared to the reference site fish. Anal fin length and segment number and liver and testis masses were generally greater in Fenholloway compared to the Econfina River males. The importance of this study is that we have documented masculinized development and decreased embryo production in PME-exposed mosquitofish and that these site effects are generally consistent across seasons and between years. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Campus, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
Univ Florida, Dept Zool, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.
US EPA, NHEERI, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
US EPA, NHEERI, Res Triangle Div Endocrinol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Orlando, EF (reprint author), Florida Atlantic Univ, Harbor Branch Oceanog Inst Campus, 5775 Old Dixie Hwy, North, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
EM eorlando@fau.edu
NR 34
TC 33
Z9 37
U1 2
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0166-445X
EI 1879-1514
J9 AQUAT TOXICOL
JI Aquat. Toxicol.
PD OCT 30
PY 2007
VL 84
IS 4
BP 399
EP 405
DI 10.1016/j.aquatox.2007.06.018
PG 7
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology
GA 216JR
UT WOS:000249874800001
PM 17697720
ER
PT J
AU Liu, XB
Cheng, KT
Bandyopadhyay, BC
Pani, B
Dietrich, A
Paria, BC
Swaim, WD
Beech, D
Yildrim, E
Singh, BB
Birnbaumer, L
Ambudkar, IS
AF Liu, Xibao
Cheng, Kwong Tai
Bandyopadhyay, Bidhan C.
Pani, Biswaranjan
Dietrich, Alexander
Paria, Biman C.
Swaim, William D.
Beech, David
Yildrim, Eda
Singh, Brij B.
Birnbaumer, Lutz
Ambudkar, Indu S.
TI Attenuation of store-operated Ca2+ current impairs salivary gland fluid
secretion in TRPC1(-/-) mice
SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE transient receptor potential; canonical; Ca2+ entry; acinar cells;
muscarinic receptor
ID CRAC CHANNEL; CALCIUM-ENTRY; PLASMA-MEMBRANE; ORAI PROTEINS; TRPC
CHANNELS; ACINAR-CELLS; STIM1; RECEPTOR; INFLUX; DEPLETION
AB Agonist-induced Ca2+ entry via store-operated Ca2+ (SOC) channels is suggested to regulate a wide variety of cellular functions, including salivary gland fluid secretion. However, the molecular components of these channels and their physiological function(s) are largely unknown. Here we report that attenuation of SOC current underlies salivary gland dysfunction in mice lacking transient receptor potential 1 (TRPC1). Neurotransmitter-regulated salivary gland fluid secretion in TRPC1-deficient TRPC1(-/-) mice was severely decreased (by 70%). Further, agonist- and thapsigargin-stimulated SOC channel activity was significantly reduced in salivary gland acinar cells isolated from TRPC1(-/-) mice. Deletion of TRPC1 also eliminated sustained Ca2+-dependent potassium channel activity, which depends on Ca2+ entry and is required for fluid secretion. Expression of key proteins involved in fluid secretion and Ca2+ signaling, including STIM1 and other TRPC channels, was not altered. Together, these data demonstrate that reduced SOC entry accounts for the severe loss of salivary gland fluid secretion in TRPC1(-/-) mice. Thus, TRPC1 is a critical component of the SOC channel in salivary gland acinar cells and is essential for neurotransmitter-regulation of fluid secretion.
C1 NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Trasduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NIH, Natl Inst Dent & Craniofac Res, Gene Therapy & Therapeut Branch, Sectory Physiol Sect, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Univ N Dakota, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Grand Forks, ND 58202 USA.
Philipps Univ, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, D-35043 Marburg, Germany.
Univ Leeds, Inst Mem & Syst Biol, Leeds LS2 9JT, W Yorkshire, England.
RP Liu, XB (reprint author), NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Trasduct, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM lutz.birnbaumer@nih.hhs.gov; indu.ambudkar@nih.gov
RI Dietrich, Alexander/G-8619-2013;
OI Dietrich, Alexander/0000-0002-1168-8707; Singh, Brij/0000-0003-0535-5997
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR017699, P20 RR017699-077011];
NIDCR NIH HHS [DE017102, R01 DE017102, R01 DE017102-01A1, R01
DE017102-02, R01 DE017102-03]; Wellcome Trust [060988]
NR 48
TC 123
Z9 124
U1 0
U2 5
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0027-8424
J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA
JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A.
PD OCT 30
PY 2007
VL 104
IS 44
BP 17542
EP 17547
DI 10.1073/pnas.0701254104
PG 6
WC Multidisciplinary Sciences
SC Science & Technology - Other Topics
GA 227DW
UT WOS:000250638400056
PM 17956991
ER
PT J
AU Qu, W
Liu, J
Fuquay, R
Saavedra, JE
Keefer, LK
Waalkes, MP
AF Qu, Wei
Liu, Jie
Fuquay, Richard
Saavedra, Joseph E.
Keefer, Larry K.
Waalkes, Michael P.
TI The nitric oxide prodrug, V-PYRRO/NO, mitigates arsenic-induced liver
cell toxicity and apoptosis
SO CANCER LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE V-PYRRO/NO; arsenic; apoptotic resistance; in uitro; liver cells
ID ACUTE PROMYELOCYTIC LEUKEMIA; ACTIVATED PROTEIN-KINASES; INDUCED
HEPATOTOXICITY; TRIOXIDE AS2O3; METALLOTHIONEIN; DONOR; MICE;
EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; PATHWAY
AB Arsenite is an important cancer chemotherapeutic. The liver is a major target tissue of arsenic toxicity and hepatotoxicity may limit its chemotherapeutic efficacy. O-2 -vinyl 1-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)diazen-l-ium-1,2-diolate (V-PYRRO/NO) is a liver-selective nitric oxide (NO)-producing prodrug metabolized by hepatic P450 enzymes to release NO locally. V-PYRRO/NO protects against various organic or inorganic hepatotoxicants but any role in arsenic hepatotoxicity is undefined. Thus, we studied the effects of V-PYRRO/NO (0-1000 mu M) pretreatment on inorganic arsenic-induced toxicity in cultured rat liver (TRL 1215) cells. These cells metabolized the prodrug to release NO, producing extracellular nitrite levels to 41.7-fold above control levels (7.50 +/- 0.38 mu M) after 24 h V-PYRRO/NO (1000 mu M) exposure. The effect of pretreatment with V-PYRRO/NO (24 h) on the cytolethality of arsenic (as NaAsO2,) exposure (24 h) was assessed. Arsenic was markedly less toxic in V-PYRRO/NO pretreated cells (LC50 = 30.3 mu) compared to control (LC50 20.1 mu M) and the increases in LC50 showed a direct relationship to the level of NO produced (measured as nitrite). Consistent with the cytolethality data, V-PYRRO/NO pretreatment markedly reduced arsenic-induced apoptosis as assessed by DNA fragmentation. Activation of the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway can be critical to apoptosis and pretreatment with VPYRRO/NO suppressed arsenic-induced JNK activation. V-PYRRO/NO pretreatment modestly increased metallothionein (MT), a metal-binding protein, but greatly enhanced arsenic induction of MT. Thus, V-PYRRO/NO pretreatment directly mitigates arsenic toxicity in cultured liver cells, reducing cytolethality, apoptosis and related JNK pathway activation, apparently through generation of NO. The role of NO in reducing the hepatotoxicity of arsenical chemotherapeutics in vivo deserves additional study. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 NCI, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Inorgan Carcinogenet Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NCI, SAIC Frederick, Basic Res Program, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
NCI, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Chem Sect, Frederick, MD 21701 USA.
RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), NCI, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Inorgan Carcinogenet Sect, POB 12233,Mail Drop F0-09,111 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov
RI Keefer, Larry/N-3247-2014
OI Keefer, Larry/0000-0001-7489-9555
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 BC005488-21, Z99 ES999999]; NCI NIH HHS
[N01-C0-012400]; PHS HHS [N01-C012400]
NR 33
TC 9
Z9 9
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0304-3835
J9 CANCER LETT
JI Cancer Lett.
PD OCT 28
PY 2007
VL 256
IS 2
BP 238
EP 245
DI 10.1016/j.canlet.2007.06.009
PG 8
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 222VZ
UT WOS:000250327100009
PM 17658681
ER
PT J
AU Garantziotis, S
Palmer, SM
Snyder, LD
Ganous, T
Chen, BJ
Wang, T
Cook, DN
Schwartz, DA
AF Garantziotis, Stavros
Palmer, Scott M.
Snyder, Laurie D.
Ganous, Tonya
Chen, Benny J.
Wang, Tie
Cook, Donald N.
Schwartz, David A.
TI Alloimmune lung injury induced by local innate immune activation through
inhaled lipopolysaccharide
SO TRANSPLANTATION
LA English
DT Article
DE bronchiolitis obliterans; allograft rejection; innate immunity;
toll-like receptor-4.
ID IDIOPATHIC PNEUMONIA SYNDROME; BONE-MARROW-TRANSPLANTATION; STEM-CELL
TRANSPLANTATION; AIR-FLOW OBSTRUCTION; ALLOGRAFT-REJECTION; OBLITERATIVE
BRONCHIOLITIS; TOLL; RANTES; HYALURONAN; EXPRESSION
AB Background. Alloimmune lung injury, characterized by perivascular lymphocytic inflammation, lymphocytic bronchiolitis (LB), and obliterative bronchiolitis (OB), causes substantial morbidity and mortality after lung transplantation and bone marrow transplantation (BMT), but little is known regarding its pathogenesis. We have developed and pursued the hypothesis that local activation of pulmonary innate immunity through toll-like receptor (TLR)-4 is critical to the development of posttransplant alloimmune lung injury.
Methods. We developed a fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched murine BMT model without systemic graft-versus-host disease, and challenged mice with aerosolized lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a prototypic TLR4 agonist, to determine the effect upon pulmonary alloimmune lung injury.
Results. LPS-exposed allogeneic BMT recipient mice developed histological and biological features of LB and 013, which were not observed in non-LPS-exposed allogeneic controls or syngeneic LPS-exposed mice. LPS-induced lymphocytic lung inflammation was dependent upon intact TLR4 signaling in donor-derived hematopoietic cells but not recipient structural lung cells, demonstrating a distinct function for TLR4 on hematopoietic cells in mediating alloimmunity.
Conclusions. We demonstrate a critical role for localized, environmentally induced innate immune activation in promoting alloimmune lung injury. Local inhibition of TLR4 signaling in pulmonary resident
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
RP Garantziotis, S (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Box 12233,MD E1-03, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM garantziotis@niehs.nih.gov
RI Garantziotis, Stavros/A-6903-2009
OI Garantziotis, Stavros/0000-0003-4007-375X
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NHLBI NIH HHS [P50HL-084917, HL69978, K23 HL069978,
P50 HL084917]
NR 27
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0041-1337
J9 TRANSPLANTATION
JI Transplantation
PD OCT 27
PY 2007
VL 84
IS 8
BP 1012
EP 1019
DI 10.1097/01.tp.0000286040.85007.89
PG 8
WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation
SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation
GA 225CT
UT WOS:000250495400011
PM 17989607
ER
PT J
AU Laali, KK
Chun, JH
Okazaki, T
Kumar, S
Borosky, GL
Swartz, C
AF Laali, Kenneth K.
Chun, Joong-Hyun
Okazaki, Takao
Kumar, Subodh
Borosky, Gabriela L.
Swartz, Carol
TI Electrophilic chemistry of Thia-PAHs: Stable carbocations (NMR and DFT),
S-Alkylated onium salts, model electrophilic substitutions (Nitration
and bromination), and mutagenicity assay
SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID STRANDED NUCLEIC-ACIDS; DIHYDRODIOL METABOLITES; OXIDIZED METABOLITES;
SULFUR HETEROCYCLES; LIVER-MICROSOMES; DERIVATIVES; PHENANTHRIDINIUM;
ETHIDIUM; DNA
AB First examples of stable carbocations are reported from several classes of thia-PAHs with four fused rings, namely, benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene (1) and its 3-methoxy derivative (2), phenanthro[4,3-b]thiophene (3) and its 7-methoxy (4), 10-methoxy (5), and 9-methoxy (6) derivatives, phenanthro[3,4-b]thiophene (7) and its 7-methoxy (8) and 9-methoxy (9) derivatives, and 3-methoxybenzo[b]naphtha[1,2d]thiophene (11). In several cases, the resulting carbocations were also studied by GIAO-DFT. Charge delocalization modes in the resulting carbocations were probed. A series of S-alkylated onium tetrafluoroborates, namely, 1Me(+), 1Et(+), 2Et(+), and 7Me(+) (from 1, 2, and 7), 10Me(+) and 10Et(+) (from benzo [b] naphtha[1,2-d]thiophene 10), 12Me(+) and 12Et(+) (from phenanthro[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene 12), 13Me(+) (from 3-methoxyphenanthro[3,2-b]benzothiophene 13), 14Me(+) (from phenanthro[4,3-b][l]benzothiophene 14), and 15Me(+) (from 3-methoxyphenanthro[4,3-b][I]benzothiophene 15), were synthesized. PAH-sulfonium salts 1Me(+), 1Et(+), 10Me(+), 10Et+, 12Me(+), and 14Me(+) proved to be efficient akylating agents toward model nitrogen nucleophile receptors (imidazole and azaindole). Facile transalkylation to model nucleophiles (including guanine) is also supported by favorable reaction energies computed by DFT. Ring opening energies in thia-PAH-epoxides from 1, 3, and 7 and charge delocalization modes in the resulting carbocations were also evaluated. The four-ring-fused thia-PAHs 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 11 are effectively nitrated under extremely mild conditions. Nitration regioselectivity corresponds closely to protonation under stable ion conditions. Bromination of 4 and 6 is also reported. Comparative mutagenicity assays (Ames test) were performed on 1 versus 1NO(2), 5 versus 5NO(2), and 11 versus 11NO(2). Compound 5NO(2) was found to be a potent direct acting mutagen.
C1 Kent State Univ, Dept Chem, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
SUNY Coll Buffalo, Great Lakes Ctr, Environm Toxicol & Chem Lab, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA.
Univ Nacl Cordoba, Fac Ciencias Quim, INFIQC, Unidad Matemat & Fis, RA-5000 Cordoba, Argentina.
US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Laali, KK (reprint author), Kent State Univ, Dept Chem, Kent, OH 44242 USA.
EM klaali@kent.edu
FU NCI NIH HHS [2R15-CA078235-02A1, R15 CA078235, R15 CA078235-02A1]
NR 25
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 2
U2 14
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-3263
J9 J ORG CHEM
JI J. Org. Chem.
PD OCT 26
PY 2007
VL 72
IS 22
BP 8383
EP 8393
DI 10.1021/jo701502y
PG 11
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 223BJ
UT WOS:000250344300028
PM 17910504
ER
PT J
AU Smith, MV
Miller, CR
Kohn, M
Walker, NJ
Portier, CJ
AF Smith, Marjo V.
Miller, Chris R.
Kohn, Michael
Walker, Nigel J.
Portier, Chris J.
TI Absolute estimation of initial concentrations of amplicon in a real-time
RT-PCR process
SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID DNA AMPLIFICATION; QUANTITATIVE PCR; KINETIC PCR; CURVE; MODEL
AB Background: Since real time PCR was first developed, several approaches to estimating the initial quantity of template in an RT-PCR reaction have been tried. While initially only the early thermal cycles corresponding to exponential duplication were used, lately there has been an effort to use all of the cycles in a PCR. The efforts have included both fitting empirical sigmoid curves and more elaborate mechanistic models that explore the chemical reactions taking place during each cycle. The more elaborate mechanistic models require many more parameters than can be fit from a single amplification, while the empirical models provide little insight and are difficult to tailor to specific reactants.
Results: We directly estimate the initial amount of amplicon using a simplified mechanistic model based on chemical reactions in the annealing step of the PCR. The basic model includes the duplication of DNA with the digestion of Taqman probe and the re-annealing between previously synthesized DNA strands of opposite orientation. By modelling the amount of Taqman probe digested and matching that with the observed fluorescence, the conversion factor between the number of fluorescing dye molecules and observed fluorescent emission can be estimated, along with the absolute initial amount of amplicon and the rate parameter for re-annealing. The model is applied to several PCR reactions with known amounts of amplicon and is shown to work reasonably well. An expanded version of the model allows duplication of amplicon without release of fluorescent dye, by adding 1 more parameter to the model. The additional process is helpful in most cases where the initial primer concentration exceeds the initial probe concentration. Software for applying the algorithm to data may be downloaded at http://www.niehs.nih.gov/research/resources/software/pcranalyzer/
Conclusion: We present proof of the principle that a mechanistically based model can be fit to observations from a single PCR amplification. Initial amounts of amplicon are well estimated without using a standard solution. Using the ratio of the predicted initial amounts of amplicon from 2 PCRs is shown to work well even when the absolute amounts of amplicon are underestimated in the individual PCRs.
C1 [Smith, Marjo V.] Constella Grp, Durham, NC USA.
[Miller, Chris R.; Kohn, Michael; Walker, Nigel J.; Portier, Chris J.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Smith, MV (reprint author), Constella Grp, Suite 200,2605 Meridian Pky, Durham, NC USA.
EM msmith@constellagroup.com; MillerCR@appliedbiosystems.com;
kohn@niehs.nih.gov; Walker3@niehs.nih.gov; Portier@niehs.nih.gov
RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010; Walker, Nigel/D-6583-2012
OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279; Walker,
Nigel/0000-0002-9111-6855
FU PHS HHS [GS-00F-0003L]
NR 12
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 4
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2105
J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS
JI BMC Bioinformatics
PD OCT 23
PY 2007
VL 8
AR 409
DI 10.1186/1471-2105-8-409
PG 11
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 253WW
UT WOS:000252549300001
PM 17956631
ER
PT J
AU Church, CD
Wilkin, RT
Alpers, CN
Rye, RO
McCleskey, RB
AF Church, Clinton D.
Wilkin, Richard T.
Alpers, Charles N.
Rye, Robert O.
McCleskey, R. Blaine
TI Microbial sulfate reduction and metal attenuation in pH 4 acid mine
water
SO GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS
LA English
DT Article
ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; REDUCING BACTERIA; SPATIAL-PATTERNS; HEAVY-METALS;
SP-NOV; DRAINAGE; SULFIDE; SEDIMENTS; SULFUR; SYSTEM
AB Sediments recovered from the flooded mine workings of the Penn Mine, a Cu-Zn mine abandoned since the early 1960s, were cultured for anaerobic bacteria over a range of pH (4.0 to 7.5). The molecular biology of sediments and cultures was studied to determine whether sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) were active in moderately acidic conditions present in the underground mine workings. Here we document multiple, independent analyses and show evidence that sulfate reduction and associated metal attenuation are occurring in the pH-4 mine environment. Water-chemistry analyses of the mine water reveal: (1) preferential complexation and precipitation by H(2)S of Cu and Cd, relative to Zn; (2) stable isotope ratios of (34)S/(32)S and (18)O/(16)O in dissolved SO(4) that are 2-3 parts per thousand heavier in the mine water, relative to those in surface waters; (3) reduction/ oxidation conditions and dissolved gas concentrations consistent with conditions to support anaerobic processes such as sulfate reduction. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses of sediment show 1.5-micrometer, spherical ZnS precipitates. Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses of Penn Mine sediment show a high biomass level with a moderately diverse community structure composed primarily of iron-and sulfate-reducing bacteria. Cultures of sediment from the mine produced dissolved sulfide at pH values near 7 and near 4, forming precipitates of either iron sulfide or elemental sulfur. DGGE coupled with sequence and phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA gene segments showed populations of Desulfosporosinus and Desulfitobacterium in Penn Mine sediment and laboratory cultures.
C1 [Church, Clinton D.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
[Church, Clinton D.] USDA, Agr Res Serv, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.
[Wilkin, Richard T.] US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA.
[Alpers, Charles N.] US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95819 USA.
[Rye, Robert O.] US Geol Survey, Denver Fed Ctr, Lakewood, CO 80225 USA.
[McCleskey, R. Blaine] US Geol Survey, Boulder, CO 80303 USA.
RP Church, CD (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Calif Water Sci Ctr, 4165 Spruance Rd, San Diego, CA 92101 USA.
EM clinton.church@ars.usda.gov; wilkin.rick@epa.gov; cnalpers@usgs.gov;
rrye@usgs.gov; rbmccles@usgs.gov
OI Alpers, Charles/0000-0001-6945-7365
NR 74
TC 21
Z9 21
U1 2
U2 33
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1467-4866
J9 GEOCHEM T
JI Geochem. Trans.
PD OCT 23
PY 2007
VL 8
AR 10
DI 10.1186/1467-4866-8-10
PG 14
WC Geochemistry & Geophysics
SC Geochemistry & Geophysics
GA 255LR
UT WOS:000252660000001
PM 17956615
ER
PT J
AU Miller, TA
Schaefer, FW
AF Miller, Thomas A.
Schaefer, Frank W., III
TI Methylprednisolone acetate immune suppression produces differing effects
on Cryptosporidium muris oocyst production depending on when
administered
SO VETERINARY PARASITOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cqptosporidium muris; immunosuppression; glucocorticoids;
methylprednisolone acetate; oocysts; lymphocytes
ID FREEZE-FRACTURE; INFECTION; MICE; PARVUM; IMMUNOCOMPETENT; ANIMALS
AB At different times after inoculation with Cryptosporidium muris, infected CF-1 female mice were immunosuppressed with a single subcutaneous dose of methylprednisolone acetate (NIPA; 600 mg/kg). NIPA immunosuppression decreases circulating CD3, CD4 and CD8 T-lymphocytes and B-lymphocytes by greater than 90% for approximately 14 days with numbers not returning to pre-suppression levels until after 41 days post-suppression. Immuno suppression was initiated at selected times before, during, and after oocyst production. Immunosuppression initiated prior to oocyst production delayed the start of production by 4-5 days and extended oocyst shedding by 16 days. Initiation of immunosuppression during oocyst production both extended oocyst shedding and greatly increased the number of oocysts shed per day over most of the extended shedding period. Immunosuppression during the decline of oocyst production resulted in only a moderate extension of shedding and a moderate increase in oocyst numbers. Immunosuppression initiated soon after oocyst shedding had ceased resulted in the re-initiation of limited oocyst production for only a few days. Suppression initiated on days 40 and 46 post-infection, 11 and 17 days after oocysts could no longer be detected in the feces, did not result in a resumption of oocyst production. In all cases, where oocyst production was extended or reinitiated, the shedding of oocysts halted between days 45 and 53 post-oocyst inoculation. These studies demonstrate that the effect of NIPA immunosuppression depends on the immunologic conditions existing in the host at the time immunosuppression was initiated. Immunosuppression initiated during oocyst production allows an overwhelming parasitism to exist, implying that T- and B-lymphocytes play an important role in moving the host immune process along during this period of the infection. Conversely, severe suppression of T- and B-lymphocytes initiated as oocyst production is decreasing does not result in a complete relapse of the disease suggesting that T- and B-lymphocytes are not critical to the continuation of the immune process after this point. These studies also show that the C. muris infection persists beyond the end of the detection of oocysts in the feces. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Schaefer, FW (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Schaefer.Frank@epa.gov
NR 21
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0304-4017
J9 VET PARASITOL
JI Vet. Parasitol.
PD OCT 21
PY 2007
VL 149
IS 1-2
SI SI
BP 77
EP 84
DI 10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.07.005
PG 8
WC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
SC Parasitology; Veterinary Sciences
GA 220UN
UT WOS:000250182900010
PM 17719178
ER
PT J
AU DellaVecchia, MJ
Merrittt, WK
Peng, Y
Kirby, TW
DeRose, EF
Mueller, GA
Van Houten, B
London, RE
AF DellaVecchia, Matthew J.
Merrittt, W. Keither
Peng, Ye
Kirby, Thomas W.
DeRose, Eugene F.
Mueller, Geoffrey A.
Van Houten, Bennett
London, Robert E.
TI NMR analysis of [methyl-C-13]methionine UvrB from Bacillus caldotenax
reveals UvrB-domain 4 heterodimer formation in solution
SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE UvrB; nucleoticle excision repair (NER); NMR; surface plasmon; resonance
[methyl-C-13]methionine UvrB
ID NUCLEOTIDE EXCISION-REPAIR; PROBING PROTEIN-STRUCTURE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI;
SOLVENT PERTURBATION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; ATPASE ACTIVITY; DNA-REPAIR;
SIDE-CHAIN; THERMUS-THERMOPHILUS; COMPLEX
AB UvrB is a central DNA damage recognition protein involved in bacterial nucleotide excision repair. Structural information has been limited by the apparent disorder of the C-terminal domain 4 in crystal structures of intact UvrB; in solution, the isolated domain 4 is found to form a helix-loop-helix dimer. In order to gain insight into the behavior of UvrB in solution, we have performed NMR studies on [methyl(-13)C]methionine-labeled UvrB from Bacillus caldotenax(molecular mass=75 kDa). The 13 methyl resonances were assigned on the basis of site-directed mutagenesis and domain deletion. Solvent accessibility was assessed based on the relaxation and chemical shift responses of the probe methyl resonances to the stable nitroxide, 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPOL). M632, located at the potential dimer interface of domain 4, provides an ideal probe for UvrB dimerization behavior. The M632 resonance of UvrB is very broad, consistent with some degree of monomer-dimer exchange and/ or conformational instability of the exposed dimer interface. Upon addition of unlabeled domain 4 peptide, the M632 resonance of UvrB sharpens and shifts to a position consistent with a UvrB-domain 4 heterodimer. A dissociation constant (K-D) value of 3.3 mu M for the binding constant of UvrB with the domain 4 peptide was derived from surface plasmon resonance studies. Due to the flexibility of the domain 3-4 linker, inferred from limited proteolysis data and from the relaxation behavior of linker residue M607, the position of domain 4 is constrained not by the stiffness of the linking segment but by direct interactions with domains 1-3 in UvrB. In summary, UvrB homodimerization is disfavored, while domain 4 homodimerization and UvrB-domain 4 heterodimerization are allowed. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 NIH, Natl Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Van Houten, B (reprint author), NIH, Natl Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM vanhout1@niehs.nih.gov; london@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES050111-19, Z01 ES061060-09]
NR 40
TC 18
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 3
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2836
J9 J MOL BIOL
JI J. Mol. Biol.
PD OCT 19
PY 2007
VL 373
IS 2
BP 282
EP 295
DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.07.045
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 222MZ
UT WOS:000250302900005
PM 17822711
ER
PT J
AU Wang, DW
Xiao, B
Wang, Y
Xiong, XJ
Zeldin, DC
AF Wang, Dao Wen
Xiao, Bin
Wang, Yong
Xiong, Xiaojun
Zeldin, Darryl C.
TI Overexpression of arachidonic acid cytochrome p450 expoxygenases
prevents the development of high blood pressure via enhancing atrial
natriuretic peptide in spontaneously hypertensive rats
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 80th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association
CY NOV 04-07, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Heart Assoc
C1 [Wang, Dao Wen; Xiao, Bin; Wang, Yong; Xiong, Xiaojun] Tongji Hosp, Wuhan, Peoples R China.
[Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RI Xiao, Bin/E-1875-2015
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT 16
PY 2007
VL 116
IS 16
SU S
BP 14
EP 14
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 223TD
UT WOS:000250394300065
ER
PT J
AU Larsen, BT
Miura, H
Myers, CR
Campbell, WB
Zeldin, DC
Gutterman, DD
AF Larsen, Brandon T.
Miura, Hiroto
Myers, Charles R.
Campbell, William B.
Zeldin, Darryl C.
Gutterman, David D.
TI Hydrogen peroxide modulates bioavailability of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids
in the human coronary microcirculation by directly inhibiting cytochrome
p450 epoxygenases
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 80th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association
CY NOV 04-07, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Heart Assoc
C1 [Larsen, Brandon T.; Miura, Hiroto; Myers, Charles R.; Campbell, William B.; Gutterman, David D.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI USA.
[Zeldin, Darryl C.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT 16
PY 2007
VL 116
IS 16
SU S
MA 1136
BP 229
EP 229
PG 1
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 223TD
UT WOS:000250394301063
ER
PT J
AU Kohler, JJ
Hosseini, S
Day, B
Saada, A
Elpeleg, O
Copeland, W
Lewis, W
AF Kohler, James J.
Hosseini, Seyed
Day, Brian
Saada, Ann
Elpeleg, Orly
Copeland, William
Lewis, William
TI Cardiac targeted transgenic models of mutations in TK2 or Pol gamma
genes result in ultrastructural changes in mitochondria and cardiac
hypertrophy
SO CIRCULATION
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 80th Annual Scientific Session of the American-Heart-Association
CY NOV 04-07, 2007
CL Orlando, FL
SP Amer Heart Assoc
C1 [Kohler, James J.; Hosseini, Seyed; Lewis, William] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA.
[Day, Brian] Natl Jewish Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA.
[Saada, Ann; Elpeleg, Orly] Hadassah Univ, Med Ctr, Jerusalem, Israel.
[Copeland, William] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 0009-7322
J9 CIRCULATION
JI Circulation
PD OCT 16
PY 2007
VL 116
IS 16
SU S
MA 1473
BP 303
EP 304
PG 2
WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease
SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology
GA 223TD
UT WOS:000250394301399
ER
PT J
AU Verma, M
Brar, SK
Tyagi, RD
Surampalli, RY
Valero, JR
AF Verma, Mausam
Brar, Satinder K.
Tyagi, R. D.
Surampalli, R. Y.
Valero, J. R.
TI Antagonistic fungi, Trichoderma spp.: Panoply of biological control
SO BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
LA English
DT Review
DE antagonism; biocontrol agents; microbial propagules; Trichoderma spp.;
wastewater; wastewater sludge
ID EXTRACELLULAR ENZYME-ACTIVITIES; COMPOSTED CHICKEN MANURE; WASTE-WATER
SLUDGE; REESEI RUT C-30; RHIZOCTONIA-SOLANI; IN-VITRO; CELLULASE
PRODUCTION; BIOCONTROL AGENT; DAMPING-OFF; WOOD DECAY
AB Trichoderma spp. have been widely used as antagonistic fungal agents against several pests as well as plant growth enhancers. Faster metabolic rates, anti-microbial metabolites, and physiological conformation are key factors which chiefly contribute to antagonism of these fungi. Mycoparasitism, spatial and nutrient competition, antibiosis by enzymes and secondary metabolites, and induction of plant defence system are typical biocontrol actions of these fungi. On the other hand, Trichoderma spp. have also been used in a wide range of commercial enzyme productions, namely, cellulases, hemicellulases, proteases, and beta-1,3-glucanase. Information on the classification of the genus, Trichoderma, mechanisms of antagonism and role in plant growth promotion has been well documented. However, fast paced current research in this field should be carefully updated for the fool-proof commercialization of the fungi. The aim of this review is to sum up the BCA activity potential of these fungi and to shed light on commercial production processes. In this regard, this review focuses on Trichoderma spp. discussing different aspects-pest control, growth promotion, bioremediation, production processes and market values. Nevertheless, more research and review of the information regarding these biocontrol agents are needed to exploit their actual potential, which is the salient objective of this review. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K9A9, Canada.
US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRS ETE, 490,Rue de la Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 202
TC 164
Z9 190
U1 7
U2 66
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA
PI LAUSANNE
PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND
SN 1369-703X
J9 BIOCHEM ENG J
JI Biochem. Eng. J.
PD OCT 15
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 1
BP 1
EP 20
DI 10.1016/j.bej.2007.05.012
PG 20
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering, Chemical
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Engineering
GA 230VF
UT WOS:000250903500001
ER
PT J
AU Duirk, SE
Valentine, RL
AF Duirk, Stephen E.
Valentine, Richard L.
TI Bromide oxidation and formation of dihaloacetic acids in chloraminated
water
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NATURAL ORGANIC-MATTER; MONOCHLORAMINE; CHLORINATION; KINETICS; ION;
MODEL
AB A comprehensive reaction model was developed that incorporates the effect of bromide on monochloramine loss and formation of bromine and chlorine containing dihaloacetic acids (DHAAs) in the presence of natural organic matter (NOM). Reaction pathways accounted for the oxidation of bromide to active bromine (Br(I)) species, catalyzed monochloramine autodecomposition, NOM oxidation, and halogen incorporation into DHAAs. The reaction scheme incorporates a simplified reaction pathway describing the formation and termination of Br(l). In the absence of NOM, the model adequately predicted bromide catalyzed monochloramine autodecomposition. The Br(I). reaction rate coefficients are 4 orders of magnitude greater than HOCl for the same NOM sources under chloramination conditions. Surprisingly, the rate of NOM oxidation by Br(I) was faster than bromide catalyzed monochloramine autodecomposition by Br(I) so that the latter reactions could largely be ignored in the presence of NOM. Incorporation of bromine and chlorine into DHAAs was proportional to the amount of NOM oxidized by each halogen and modeled using simple bromine (alpha(Br)) and chlorine (alpha(Cl)) incorporation coefficients. Both coefficients were found to be independent of each other and alpha(Br) was one-half the value of alpha(Cl). This indicates that chlorine incorporates itself into DHAA precursors more effectively than bromine. Model predictions compared well with DHAA measurements in the presence of increasing bromide concentrations and is attributable to the increased rate of NOM oxidation, which is rate limited by the oxidation of bromide ion in chloraminated systems.
C1 Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Valentine, RL (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
EM richard-valentine@uiowa.edu
NR 23
TC 19
Z9 21
U1 0
U2 11
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 15
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 20
BP 7047
EP 7053
DI 10.1021/es070753m
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 219TJ
UT WOS:000250110800030
PM 17993146
ER
PT J
AU Curran, MA
AF Curran, Mary Ann
TI Studying the effect on system preference by varying coproduct allocation
in creating life-cycle inventory
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ECONOMIC ALLOCATION; PRODUCTS
AB How one models the input and output data for a life-cycle assessment (LCA) can greatly affect the results. Although much attention has been paid to allocation methodology by researchers in the field, specific guidance is still lacking. Earlier research focused on the effects of applying various allocation schemes to industrial processes when creating life-cycle inventories. To determine the impact of different allocation approaches upon product choice, this study evaluated the gas- and water-phase emissions during the production, distribution, and use of three hypothetical fuel systems (data that represent conventional gasoline and gasoline with 8.7 and 85% ethanol were used as the basis for modeling). This paper presents an explanation of the allocation issue and the results from testing various allocation schemes (weight, volume, market value, energy, and demand-based) when viewed across the entire system. Impact indicators for global warming, ozone depletion, and human health noncancer (water impact) were lower for the ethanol-containing fuels, while impact indicators for acidification, ecotoxicity, eutrophication, human health criteria, and photochemical smog were lower for conventional gasoline (impacts for the water-related human health cancer category showed mixed results). The relative ranking of conventional gasoline in relation to the ethanol-containing fuels was consistent in all instances, suggesting that, in this case study, the choice of allocation methodology had no impact on indicating which fuel has lower environmental impacts.
C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Curran, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM curran.maryann@epa.gov
OI Curran, Mary Ann/0000-0001-8565-9928
NR 18
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 10
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD OCT 15
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 20
BP 7145
EP 7151
DI 10.1021/es070033f
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 219TJ
UT WOS:000250110800045
PM 17993161
ER
PT J
AU Mahajan, R
Blair, A
Coble, J
Lynch, CF
Hoppin, JA
Sandler, DP
Alavanja, MCR
AF Mahajan, Rajeev
Blair, Aaron
Coble, Joseph
Lynch, Charles F.
Hoppin, Jane A.
Sandler, Dale P.
Alavanja, Michael C. R.
TI Carbaryl exposure and incident cancer in the Agricultural Health Study
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
LA English
DT Article
DE agriculture; carbamates; carbaryl; insecticides; neoplasms; occupational
exposure
ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; CHINESE-HAMSTER
CELLS; PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; CHROMATID EXCHANGES; NITROSO-COMPOUNDS;
GENE-EXPRESSION; RISK-FACTORS; AH RECEPTOR; COSTA-RICA
AB Carbaryl is a carbamate insecticide with a broad spectrum of uses in agricultural, commercial and household settings. It has previously been linked with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) but studies of cancer risk in humans are limited. We examined occupational carbaryl use and risk of all cancers in the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective study of a cohort of pesticide applicators in North Carolina and Iowa. This analysis included 21,416 subjects (1,291 cases) enrolled from 1993-1997 and followed for cancer incidence through 2003. Pesticide exposure and other data were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Poisson regression was used to calculate rate ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (Cls) while controlling for potential confounders. Carbaryl was not associated with cancer risk overall. Relative to subjects who never used carbaryl, melanoma risk was elevated with >175 lifetime exposure-days (RR = 4.11; 95%CI, 1.33-12.75; p-trend = 0.07), >10 years of use (RR 3.19; 95%CI, 1.28-7.92; p-trend = 0.04), or >10 days of use per year (RR = 5.50; 95%CI, 2.19-13.84; p-trend < 0.001). Risk remained after adjusting for sunlight exposure. Although not significant, there appeared to be a trend of decreasing prostate cancer risk with increasing level of exposure. A small increase in NHL risk was observed using some, but not all, exposure measures. No associations were observed with other examined cancer sites. Because the observed results were not hypothesized a priori and because of limited study of their biological plausibility, they should be interpreted with caution. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 Natl Canc Inst, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA.
Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA.
Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Alavanja, MCR (reprint author), 6120 Executive Blvd, EPS 8000, MSC, Rockville, MD 20852 USA.
EM alavanjm@mail.nih.gov
OI Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 45
TC 27
Z9 33
U1 2
U2 7
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0020-7136
J9 INT J CANCER
JI Int. J. Cancer
PD OCT 15
PY 2007
VL 121
IS 8
BP 1799
EP 1805
DI 10.1002/ijc.22836
PG 7
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 211EX
UT WOS:000249508200022
PM 17534892
ER
PT J
AU de Vlaming, V
Biales, A
Riordan, D
Markiewicz, D
Holmes, R
Otis, P
Zander, R
Lazorchak, J
AF de Vlaming, V.
Biales, A.
Riordan, D.
Markiewicz, D.
Holmes, R.
Otis, P.
Zander, R.
Lazorchak, J.
TI Screening California surface waters for estrogenic endocrine disrupting
chemicals (EEDC) trout liver vitellogenin with a juvenile rainbow mRNA
procedure
SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE estrogenic endocrine disruption; vitellogenin mRNA; rainbow trout;
California surface waters
ID MINNOWS PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ROACH RUTILUS-RUTILUS; SAND GOBY
POMATOSCHISTUS; MEDAKA ORYZIAS-LATIPES; ZEBRAFISH DANIO-RERIO;
ONCORHYNCHUS-MYKISS; END-POINTS; CYPRINODON-VARIEGATUS; REPRODUCTIVE
SUCCESS; PLASMA VITELLOGENIN
AB Concern regarding the occurrence of chemicals that disrupt endocrine system functions in aquatic species has heightened over the last 15 years. However, little attention has been given to monitoring for estrogenic endocrine disrupting chemicals (EEDCs) in California's freshwater ecosystems. The objective was to screen surface water samples for estrogenic activity using vitellogenin (Vtg) mRNA quantification in livers of juvenile rainbow trout by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (Q-RT PCR). Vtg mRNA analysis of livers from fish exposed to 113 ambient water samples collected from surface waters in California's Central Valley and northern area indicated that six samples (5% of total) may have contained EEDCs. The six samples induced marginal, but statistically significant, increases of Vtg mRNA. No ambient water sample evoked Vtg mRNA responses equivalent to those in positive controls (all responses were less than 2% of the positive control response). Thus, EEDC concentrations in these samples were low (at or near the threshold for the procedure) or results may have included false positives. To establish a more definitive assessment of EEDC occurrence, follow-up screening at sites where statistically significant, but weak, estrogenic activity was observed is recommended. Overall, results reveal that a majority of the California surface waters tested were below EEDC detection threshold concentration for the screening procedure utilized. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Div Environm Serv, Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA 95816 USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Aquat Toxicol Lab, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Cent Valley Reg Water Qualit Control Board, Rancho Cordova, CA 95670 USA.
N Coast Reg Water Qualit Control Board, Santa Rosa, CA 95403 USA.
RP de Vlaming, V (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, 1321 Haring Hall, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM vldevlaming@ucdavis.edu
NR 68
TC 19
Z9 19
U1 0
U2 8
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0048-9697
EI 1879-1026
J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON
JI Sci. Total Environ.
PD OCT 15
PY 2007
VL 385
IS 1-3
BP 66
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.06.026
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 223FP
UT WOS:000250355300008
PM 17644162
ER
PT J
AU Yan, J
Yang, XP
Kim, YS
Joo, JH
Jetten, AM
AF Yan, Jun
Yang, Xiao-Ping
Kim, Yong-Sik
Joo, Joung Hyuck
Jetten, Anton M.
TI RAP80 interacts with the SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 and is a novel
target for sumoylation
SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE RAP80; UBC9; SUMO-1; sumoylation
ID DNA-DAMAGE RESPONSE; KAPPA-B ACTIVATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR;
UBIQUITIN; PROTEIN; REPAIR; BRCA1; RECEPTOR; COMPLEX; ALPHA
AB RAP80, a nuclear protein with two functional ubiquitin-interaction motifs (UlMs) at its N-terminus, plays a critical role in the regulation of estrogen receptor alpha and DNA damage response signaling. A yeast two-hybrid screen identified the SUMO-conjugating enzyme UBC9 as a protein interacting with RAP80. The interaction of RAP80 with UBC9 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and GST pull-down analyses. The region between aa 122-204 was critical for the interaction of RAP80 with UBC9. In addition, we demonstrate that RAP80 is a target for SUMO-I modification in intact cells. Expression of UBC9 enhanced RAP80 mono-sumoylation and also induced multi-sumoylation of RAP80. In addition to SUMO-1, RAP80 was efficiently conjugated to SUMO-3 but was only a weak substrate for SUMO-2 conjugation. These findings suggest that sumoylation plays a role in the regulation of RAP80 functions. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Cell Biol Sect, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Jetten, AM (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Cell Biol Sect, Div Intramural Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM jetten@nichs.nih.gov
OI Jetten, Anton/0000-0003-0954-4445
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES100485-06]
NR 32
TC 20
Z9 24
U1 0
U2 1
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0006-291X
J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO
JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.
PD OCT 12
PY 2007
VL 362
IS 1
BP 132
EP 138
DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.07.158
PG 7
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics
GA 208ZK
UT WOS:000249357700022
PM 17698038
ER
PT J
AU Ward, WO
Swartz, CD
Porwollik, S
Warren, SH
Hanley, NM
Knapp, GW
McClelland, M
DeMarini, DM
AF Ward, William O.
Swartz, Carol D.
Porwollik, Steffen
Warren, Sarah H.
Hanley, Nancy M.
Knapp, Geremy W.
McClelland, Michael
DeMarini, David M.
TI Toxicogenomic analysis incorporating operon-transcriptional coupling and
toxicant concentration-expression response: analysis of MX-treated
Salmonella
SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS
LA English
DT Article
ID JUNCTIONAL INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE;
ESCHERICHIA-COLI; CDNA MICROARRAYS; LEXA-REGULON; BY-PRODUCT; IN-VITRO;
CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; GENES
AB Background: Deficiencies in microarray technology cause unwanted variation in the hybridization signal, obscuring the true measurements of intracellular transcript levels. Here we describe a general method that can improve microarray analysis of toxicant-exposed cells that uses the intrinsic power of transcriptional coupling and toxicant concentration-expression response data. To illustrate this approach, we characterized changes in global gene expression induced in Salmonella typhimurium TA100 by 3-chloro-4-(dichloromethyl)-5-hydroxy-2(5H)-furanone (MX), the primary mutagen in chlorinated drinking water. We used the co-expression of genes within an operon and the monotonic increases or decreases in gene expression relative to increasing toxicant concentration to augment our identification of differentially expressed genes beyond Bayesian-t analysis.
Results: Operon analysis increased the number of altered genes by 95% from the list identified by a Bayesian t-test of control to the highest concentration of MX. Monotonic analysis added 46% more genes. A functional analysis of the resulting 448 differentially expressed genes yielded functional changes beyond what would be expected from only the mutagenic properties of MX. In addition to gene-expression changes in DNA-damage response, MX induced changes in expression of genes involved in membrane transport and porphyrin metabolism, among other biological processes. The disruption of porphyrin metabolism might be attributable to the structural similarity of MX, which is a chlorinated furanone, to ligands indigenous to the porphyrin metabolism pathway. Interestingly, our results indicate that the lexA regulon in Salmonella, which partially mediates the response to DNA damage, may contain only 60% of the genes present in this regulon in E. coli. In addition, nanH was found to be highly induced by MX and contains a putative lexA regulatory motif in its regulatory region, suggesting that it may be regulated by lexA.
Conclusion: Operon and monotonic analyses improved the determination of differentially expressed genes beyond that of Bayesian-t analysis, showing that MX alters cellular metabolism involving pathways other than DNA damage. Because co-expression of similarly functioning genes also occurs in eukaryotes, this method has general applicability for improving analysis of toxicogenomic data.
C1 [Ward, William O.; Warren, Sarah H.; Hanley, Nancy M.; Knapp, Geremy W.; DeMarini, David M.] US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
[Swartz, Carol D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
[Porwollik, Steffen; McClelland, Michael] Sidney Kimmel Canc Ctr, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.
RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM ward.william@epa.gov; swartz.carol@epa.gov; sporwollik@skcc.org;
warren.sarah@epa.gov; hanley.nancy@epa.gov; knapp.geremy@epa.gov;
mmcclelland@skcc.org; demarini.david@epa.gov
RI McClelland, Michael/A-8583-2011;
OI McClelland, Michael/0000-0003-1788-9347
NR 33
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 1
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1471-2105
J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS
JI BMC Bioinformatics
PD OCT 9
PY 2007
VL 8
AR 378
DI 10.1186/1471-2105-8-378
PG 12
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Mathematical & Computational Biology
GA 259JY
UT WOS:000252936800001
PM 17925033
ER
PT J
AU Polshettiwar, V
Varma, RS
AF Polshettiwar, Vivek
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Biginelli reaction in aqueous medium: a greener and sustainable approach
to substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones
SO TETRAHEDRON LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE Biginelli reaction; 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1 H)-ones;
polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSSA); aqueous medium; microwave irradiation;
greener; sustainable
ID ONE-POT SYNTHESIS; MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; SOLVENT-FREE
CONDITIONS; OCTAHYDROQUINAZOLINONE DERIVATIVES;
NUCLEOPHILIC-SUBSTITUTION; N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; EFFICIENT; CATALYST;
WATER; ACID
AB An environmentally benign aqueous Biginelli protocol for the synthesis of substituted 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(l H) -ones using polystyrenesulfonic acid (PSSA) as a catalyst has been achieved. These microwave-assisted reactions proceed efficiently in water in the absence of organic solvent, with simple filtration as the product isolation step. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Sustainable Technol Div, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668
NR 27
TC 81
Z9 81
U1 0
U2 9
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0040-4039
J9 TETRAHEDRON LETT
JI Tetrahedron Lett.
PD OCT 8
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 41
BP 7343
EP 7346
DI 10.1016/j.tetlet.2007.08.031
PG 4
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 215ZD
UT WOS:000249846600022
ER
PT J
AU Lee, J
Wolf, D
Allen, J
Ward, W
Corton, C
AF Lee, Janice
Wolf, Douglas
Allen, James
Ward, William
Corton, Chris
TI Gene expression profiling in aging rats and mice reveals changes in
xenobiotic metabolism genes
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD OCT 7
PY 2007
VL 172
MA Z26
BP S231
EP S231
DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.05.582
PG 1
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 222CM
UT WOS:000250273700526
ER
PT J
AU Schoeny, R
AF Schoeny, Rita
TI A changing paradigm: US EPA's 2005 guidelines for cancer risk assessment
SO TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 US EPA, Off Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-4274
J9 TOXICOL LETT
JI Toxicol. Lett.
PD OCT 7
PY 2007
VL 172
BP S21
EP S21
DI 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.05.081
PG 1
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 222CM
UT WOS:000250273700049
ER
PT J
AU Thybaud, V
Aardema, M
Casciano, D
Dellarco, V
Embry, MR
Gollapudi, BB
Hayashi, M
Holsapple, MP
Jacobson-Kram, D
Kasper, P
MacGregor, JT
Rees, R
AF Thybaud, Veronique
Aardema, Marilyn
Casciano, Daniel
Dellarco, Vicki
Embry, Michelle R.
Gollapudi, B. Bhaskar
Hayashi, Makoto
Holsapple, Michael P.
Jacobson-Kram, David
Kasper, Peter
MacGregor, James T.
Rees, Robert
TI Relevance and follow-up of positive results in in vitro genetic toxicity
assays: An ILSI-HESI initiative
SO MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE genotoxicity; in vitro assays; carcinogenesis; workshop report
ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; BIOLOGICAL RELEVANCE;
CARCINOGENICITY DATA; GENOTOXICITY; TOXICOLOGY; CHEMICALS;
PHARMACEUTICALS; IDENTIFICATION; THRESHOLDS
AB In vitro genotoxicity assays are often used to screen and predict whether chemicals might represent mutagenic and carcinogenic risks for humans. Recent discussions have focused on the high rate of positive results in in vitro tests, especially in those assays performed in mammalian cells that are not confirmed in vivo. Currently, there is no general consensus in the scientific community on the interpretation of the significance of positive results from the in vitro genotoxicity assays. To address this issue, the Health and Environmental Sciences Institute (HESI), held an international workshop in June 2006 to discuss the relevance and follow-up of positive results in in vitro genetic toxicity assays. The goals of the meeting were to examine ways to advance the scientific basis for the interpretation of positive findings in in vitro assays, to facilitate the development of follow-up testing strategies and to define criteria for determining the relevance to human health. The workshop identified specific needs in two general categories, i.e., improved testing and improved data interpretation and risk assessment. Recommendations to improve testing included: (1) re-examine the maximum level of cytotoxicity currently required for in vitro tests; (2) re-examine the upper limit concentration for in vitro mammalian studies; (3) develop improved testing strategies using current in vitro assays; (4) define criteria to guide selection of the appropriate follow-up in vivo studies; (5) develop new and more predictive in vitro and in vivo tests. Recommendations for improving interpretation and assessment included: (1) examine the suitability of applying the threshold of toxicological concern concepts to genotoxicity data; (2) develop a structured weight of evidence approach for assessing genotoxic/carcinogenic hazard; and (3) re-examine in vitro and in vivo correlations qualitatively and quantitatively. Conclusions from the workshop highlighted a willingness of scientists from various sectors to change and improve the current paradigm and move from a hazard identification approach to a "realistic" risk-based approach that incorporates information on mechanism of action, kinetics, and human exposure. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
Sanofi Aventis, Drug Safety Evaluat, F-94400 Vitry Sur Seine, France.
Procter & Gamble Co, Miami Valley Innovat Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45239 USA.
Dan Casciano & Associates, Little Rock, AR 72223 USA.
US EPA, Off Pesticide Programs, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Dow Chem Co USA, Toxicol & Environm Res & Consulting, Midland, MI 48642 USA.
Natl Inst Hlth Sci, Div Genet & Mutagenesis, Setagaya Ku, Tokyo 1588501, Japan.
US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Off New Drugs, Silver Spring, MD 20993 USA.
Fed Inst Drugs & Med Devices, D-53175 Bonn, Germany.
Toxicol Consulting Serv, Arnold, MD 21012 USA.
GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Genet Toxicol, Ware SG12 0DP, Herts, England.
RP Embry, MR (reprint author), ILSI Hlth & Environm Sci Inst, 1 Thomas Circle,NW,9th Floor, Washington, DC 20005 USA.
EM membry@hesiglobal.org
NR 31
TC 20
Z9 21
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1383-5718
J9 MUTAT RES-GEN TOX EN
JI Mutat. Res. Genet. Toxicol. Environ. Mutagen.
PD OCT 4
PY 2007
VL 633
IS 2
BP 67
EP 79
DI 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2007.05.010
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 210XA
UT WOS:000249487700001
PM 17616430
ER
PT J
AU Chu, SH
AF Chu, Shao-Hang
TI Long-term probabilistic forecast of climate impact on air quality: Model
development and t* distribution
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID UNCERTAINTY
AB [1] Models are great tools to test ideas. Their usefulness, however, depends on their ability to simulate the current reality and to predict the future. In this study, I have derived a new t* distribution. I show that a statistical model based on the t* distribution of station temporal data is capable of predicting the probability of any future outcome to exceed a specific value using only the currently available sample statistics assuming a normal random variable. In an air quality management application the model has demonstrated categorically an average success rate of over 80% both in simulating the current ozone nonattainment areas and in forecasting the rate of future violation of the 8-hour ozone National Ambient Air Quality Standards in the United States for up to 12 years. While the predictability of deterministic climate models is still limited by large uncertainties, the probabilistic forecast by this model provides a promising alternative in assessing the climate impact on environment for decades.
C1 US EPA, Off Air Quality Plan & Standard, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Chu, SH (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Quality Plan & Standard, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM chu.shao-hang@epa.gov
NR 24
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD OCT 2
PY 2007
VL 112
IS D19
AR D19101
DI 10.1029/2007JD008564
PG 7
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 218WD
UT WOS:000250045800001
ER
PT J
AU Chen, HL
Richard, M
Sandier, DP
Umbach, DM
Kamel, F
AF Chen, Honglei
Richard, Marie
Sandier, Dale P.
Umbach, David M.
Kamel, Freya
TI Head injury and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; craniocerebral trauma; head injuries;
closed; head injuries; penetrating
ID MOTOR-NEURON-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; BRAIN-INJURY;
TRAUMA; ASSOCIATION; PLAYERS; HISTORY; SOCCER; ALS
AB Recent data showed that soccer players in Italy had an unusually high risk of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and that repeated head trauma might have contributed to this increase. The authors examined whether head injury was related to ALS risk in a case-control study of 109 New England ALS cases diagnosed in 1993-1996 and 255 matched controls. They also conducted a meta-analysis of the published literature. Overall, ever having experienced a head injury was nonsignificantly associated with a higher ALS risk. When compared with persons without a head injury, a statistically significant ALS risk elevation was found for participants with more than one head injury (odds ratio (OR) = 3.1, 95 percent confidence interval (Cl): 1.2, 8.1) and patients who had had a head injury during the past 10 years (OR = 3.2, 95 percent Cl: 1.0, 10.2). For participants who had had multiple head injuries with the latest occurring in the past 10 years, risk was elevated more than 11-fold. The meta-analysis also indicated a moderately elevated risk of ALS among persons with previous head injuries (OR = 1.7, 95 percent Cl: 1.3, 2.2). In this study population, physical injuries to other body parts, including the trunk, arms, or legs, were not related to ALS risk. These data support the notion that head injury may increase the risk of ALS.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Nat Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Westat Corp, Durham, NC USA.
Nat Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Chen, HL (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, 111 TW Alexander Dr,PO Box 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM chenh2@niehs.nih.gov
OI Kamel, Freya/0000-0001-5052-6615; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018;
Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES049005-16]
NR 29
TC 96
Z9 97
U1 2
U2 8
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD OCT 1
PY 2007
VL 166
IS 7
BP 810
EP 816
DI 10.1093/aje/kwm153
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 212PW
UT WOS:000249610300009
PM 17641152
ER
PT J
AU Cherney, DP
Ekman, DR
Dix, DJ
Collette, TW
AF Cherney, Daniel P.
Ekman, Drew R.
Dix, David J.
Collette, Timothy W.
TI Raman spectroscopy-based metabolomics for differentiating exposures to
triazole fungicides using rat urine
SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID CONAZOLE FUNGICIDES; CREATININE MEASUREMENT; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS;
NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; DRUG TOXICITY; BLOOD-PLASMA; MYCLOBUTANIL;
METABONOMICS; TRIADIMEFON; PROFILES
AB Normal Raman spectroscopy was evaluated as a metabolomic tool for assessing the impacts of exposure to environmental contaminants, using rat urine collected during the course of a toxicological study. Specifically, one of three triazole fungicides, myclobutanil, propiconazole, or triadimefon, was administered daily via oral gavage to male Sprague-Dawley rats at doses of 300, 300, or 175 mg/kg, respectively. Urine was collected from all three treatment groups and also from vehicle control rats on day six, following five consecutive days of exposure. Spectra were acquired with a CCD-based dispersive Raman spectrometer, using 785-nm diode laser excitation. To optimize the signal-to-noise ratio, urine samples were filtered through a stirred ultrafiltration cell with a 500 nominal molecular weight limit filter to remove large, unwanted urine components that can degrade the spectrum via fluorescence. However, a subsequent investigation suggested that suitable spectra can be obtained in a high-throughput fashion, with little or no Raman-specific sample preparation. For the sake of comparison, a parallel H-1 NMR-based metabolomic analysis was also conducted on the unfiltered samples. Results from multivariate data analysis demonstrated that the Raman method compares favorably with NMR in regard to the ability to differentiate responses from these three contaminants.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Collette, TW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM collette.tim@epa.gov
NR 38
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 4
U2 33
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0003-2700
J9 ANAL CHEM
JI Anal. Chem.
PD OCT 1
PY 2007
VL 79
IS 19
BP 7324
EP 7332
DI 10.1021/ac070856n
PG 9
WC Chemistry, Analytical
SC Chemistry
GA 216IF
UT WOS:000249871000020
PM 17718537
ER
PT J
AU Small, DA
Chang, W
Toghrol, F
Bentley, WE
AF Small, David A.
Chang, Wook
Toghrol, Freshteh
Bentley, William E.
TI Comparative global transcription analysis of sodium hypochlorite,
peracetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide on Pseudomonas aeruginosa
SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Pseudomonas aeruginosa; sodium hypochlorite; peracetic acid; hydrogen
peroxide; microarrays
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; GENE-CLUSTER; TAURINE;
CATABOLISM; RESISTANCE; IRON; DISINFECTANTS; DIOXYGENASE; INFECTIONS
AB Disinfectants are routinely used in hospitals and health care facilities for surface sterilization. However, the mechanisms by which these disinfectants kill and the extent to which bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are resistant remains unclear. Consequently, P. aeruginosa nosocomial infections result in considerable casualties and economic hardship. Previously, DNA microarrays were utilized to analyze the genome-wide transcription changes in P. aeruginosa after oxidative antimicrobial (sodium hypochlorite, peracetic acid, and hydrogen peroxide) exposure. Simultaneous analysis of these transcriptome datasets provided a comprehensive understanding of the differential responses to these disinfectants. An analysis of variance, functional classification analysis, metabolic pathway analysis, Venn diagram analysis, and principal component analysis revealed that sodium hypochlorite exposure resulted in more genome-wide changes than either peracetic acid or hydrogen peroxide exposures.
C1 US EPA, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microelect Res Lab, Off Pesticide Programs, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA.
Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Chem & Biomed Engn, Singapore, Singapore.
Univ Maryland, Ctr Biosyst Res, Inst Biotechnol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.
RP Toghrol, F (reprint author), US EPA, Biol & Econ Anal Div, Microelect Res Lab, Off Pesticide Programs, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA.
EM toghrol.freshteh@epa.gov
RI Chang, Matthew/G-6220-2010
NR 48
TC 28
Z9 30
U1 2
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0175-7598
J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT
JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 76
IS 5
BP 1093
EP 1105
DI 10.1007/s00253-007-1072-z
PG 13
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
GA 211KK
UT WOS:000249522500016
PM 17624526
ER
PT J
AU Lazorchak, JM
Smith, ME
AF Lazorchak, James M.
Smith, Mark E.
TI Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brook trout (Salvelinus
fontinalis) 7-day survival and growth test method
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ACUTE TOXICITY; AMMONIA; ZINC; SALMONIDS; MODEL
AB A short-term method was developed in this study for conducting subchronic survival and growth renewal toxicity tests with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Previously published early life-stage methods for various salmonid species involve test durations of 30 to 90 days. This trout method, however, follows a previously published 7-day fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) growth method. The tests performed in this study measured subchronic growth and survival effects using standard reference toxicants (ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, phenol, and zinc sulfate), receiving water, and effluent samples. The test results were compared with performance criteria and results for 7- day survival and growth tests with P. promelas to determine the level of comparability between the two species. The results from tests with both salmonid species indicated that this 7-day survival and growth test method using O. mykiss and S. fontinalis provides reproducible results with various reference toxicant materials and can be used successfully to detect potential toxicity in environmental samples. A short-term method was developed in this study for conducting subchronic survival and growth renewal toxicity tests with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis). Previously published early life-stage methods for various salmonid species involve test durations of 30 to 90 days. This trout method, however, follows a previously published 7-day fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas) growth method. The tests performed in this study measured subchronic growth and survival effects using standard reference toxicants (ammonium chloride, potassium chloride, phenol, and zinc sulfate), receiving water, and effluent samples. The test results were compared with performance criteria and results for 7-day survival and growth tests with P. promelas to determine the level of comparability between the two species. The results from tests with both salmonid species indicated that this 7-day survival and growth test method using O. mykiss and S. fontinalis provides reproducible results with various reference toxicant materials and can be used successfully to detect potential toxicity in environmental samples.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Lazorchak, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Drive, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM lazorchak.jim@epa.gov
OI Lazorchak, James/0000-0002-7354-7571
NR 22
TC 5
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 53
IS 3
BP 397
EP 405
DI 10.1007/s00244-006-0227-8
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 205RL
UT WOS:000249132200012
PM 17612785
ER
PT J
AU Peterson, SA
Peck, DV
Van Sickle, J
Hughes, RM
AF Peterson, Spencer A.
Peck, David V.
Van Sickle, John
Hughes, Robert M.
TI Mercury concentration in frozen whole-fish homogenates is insensitive to
holding time
SO ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE mercury; fish tissue; pre-analysis holding time; EMAP; CAAS mercury
analysis
AB Current recommended holding times for the analysis of total mercury (Hg) in fish tissue ranges from 28 to 180 days. In 2006, we evaluated the effect of an extended holding time on Hg concentrations by reanalyzing whole-fish wet homogenates that were analyzed originally in 2002 and had been stored frozen at -20 degrees C since that time. Seven species, 13-15 samples each, were reanalyzed. Comparisons of concentration differences between 2006 and 2002 indicated that no statistically significant changes in Hg concentrations occurred in any of the seven fish species. These results indicate that wet fish tissue homogenates can be held frozen for at least four years without affecting analytical results, thus extending holding times far beyond those currently recommended.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Peterson, SA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, 200 SW 35Th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM Peterson.spencer@epa.gov; Hughes.bob@epa.gov
NR 11
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 11
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0090-4341
J9 ARCH ENVIRON CON TOX
JI Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 53
IS 3
BP 411
EP 417
DI 10.1007/s00244-006-0237-6
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 205RL
UT WOS:000249132200014
PM 17657456
ER
PT J
AU Lin, CJ
Pongprueks, P
Rusell Bulock, O
Lindberg, SE
Pehkonen, SO
Jang, C
Braverman, T
Ho, TC
AF Lin, Che-Jen
Pongprueksa, Pruek
Russell Bullock, O., Jr.
Lindberg, Steve E.
Pehkonen, Simo O.
Jang, Carey
Braverman, Thomas
Ho, Thomas C.
TI Scientific uncertainties in atmospheric mercury models II: Sensitivity
analysis in the CONUS domain
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE atmospheric mercury; chemical transport modeling; sensitivity analysis;
model uncertainty; CMAQ-Hg
ID GASEOUS ELEMENTAL MERCURY; NORTHEAST UNITED-STATES; INITIATED REACTIONS;
SURFACE EXCHANGE; DEPOSITION; TRANSPORT; SIMULATION; EMISSION; AMERICA;
AIR
AB In this study, we present the response of model results to different scientific treatments in an effort to quantify the uncertainties caused by the incomplete understanding of mercury science and by model assumptions in atmospheric mercury models. Two sets of sensitivity simulations were performed to assess the uncertainties using modified versions of CMAQ-Hg in a 36-km Continental United States domain. From Set 1 Experiments, it is found that the simulated mercury dry deposition is most sensitive to the gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) oxidation product assignment, and to the implemented dry deposition scheme for GEM and reactive gaseous mercury (RGM). The simulated wet deposition is sensitive to the aqueous Hg(II) sorption scheme, and to the GEM oxidation product assignment. The inclusion of natural mercury emission causes a small increase in GEM concentration but has little impact on deposition. From Set 2 Experiments, it is found that both dry and wet depositions are sensitive to mercury chemistry. Change in model mercury chemistry has a greater impact on simulated wet deposition than on dry deposition. The kinetic uncertainty of GEM oxidation by O-3 and mechanistic uncertainty of Hg(II) reduction by aqueous HO2 pose the greatest impact. Using the upper-limit kinetics of GEM-O-3 reaction or eliminating aqueous Hg(II)-HO2 reaction results in unreasonably high deposition and depletion of gaseous mercury in the domain. Removing GEM-OH reaction is not sufficient to balance the excessive mercury removal caused by eliminating the HO2 mechanism. Field measurements of mercury dry deposition, better quantification of mercury air-surface exchange and further investigation of mercury redox chemistry are needed for reducing model uncertainties and for improving the performance of atmospheric mercury models. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
S China Univ Technol, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Guangzhou, Peoples R China.
NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA.
Univ Nevada, Reno, NV 89557 USA.
Natl Univ Singapore, Div Environm Sci & Engn, Singapore 117548, Singapore.
US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Stand, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Lamar Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
RP Lin, CJ (reprint author), Lamar Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Beaumont, TX 77710 USA.
EM Jerry.Lin@LAMAR.EDU
RI Lin, Che-Jen/K-1808-2013;
OI Lin, Che-Jen/0000-0001-5990-3093; Pehkonen, Simo/0000-0002-0362-9176
NR 58
TC 43
Z9 48
U1 1
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 31
BP 6544
EP 6560
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.04.030
PG 17
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 224PA
UT WOS:000250457700006
ER
PT J
AU Rizzo, MJ
Scheff, PA
AF Rizzo, Michael J.
Scheff, Peter A.
TI Utilizing the Chemical Mass Balance and Positive Matrix Factorization
models to determine influential species and examine possible rotations
in receptor modeling results
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE source apportionment; positive matrix factorization; chemical mass
balance; PM2.5; speciation trends network (STN); rotations; influential
species; receptor modeling
ID IN-SPACE RMAPS; AIRBORNE PARTICULATE SULFUR; SOURCE APPORTIONMENT
AB Data from two of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's Speciation Trends Network fine particulate matter sites within Chicago, Illinois were used to examine the influence that the results and profiles of the Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) receptor model have on the source contributions and profiles of the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model. This was accomplished using the target shape technique, which utilizes a priori information from the CMB source profiles inputted into the PMF model. The target shape methodology involves inputting specific information for the source profiles into the PMF model as it is resolving source profile and contribution matrices. The target shape results demonstrated it is possible to determine in both the CMB and PMF source profiles those species, which do not influence the solutions of either model.
A second method utilizing information from the CMB results was used to impose a condition where the Motor Vehicles source never had a zero contribution as was applied to the CMB model. This involved utilizing an edge rotation to rotate the PMF results to yield a different solution without worsening the fit of the original results. The purpose of this work is to achieve a rotation, which produced a PMF solution where all of the Motor Vehicles contributions were greater than zero. Comparing the rotated Motor Vehicles and Sulfates source contributions in PMF to those obtained from CMB showed a better correlation between the PMF Motor Vehicles contributions to the original CMB results than those prior to rotation. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Air Qual Anal Div, Air Qual Anal Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
RP Rizzo, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Air Qual Anal Div, Air Qual Anal Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM rizzo.michael@epa.gov
NR 10
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 0
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 33
BP 6986
EP 6998
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.008
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 231GE
UT WOS:000250933800007
ER
PT J
AU Camalier, L
Cox, W
Dolwick, P
AF Camalier, Louise
Cox, William
Dolwick, Pat
TI The effects of meteorology on ozone in urban areas and their use in
assessing ozone trends
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE ozone trends; generalized linear model; meteorological adjustment;
HYSPLIT; spatial patterns
AB The United States Environmental Protection Agency issues periodic reports that describe air quality trends in the US. For some pollutants, such as ozone, both observed and meteorologically adjusted trends are displayed. This paper describes an improved statistical methodology for meteorologically adjusting ozone trends as well as characterizes the relationships between individual meteorological parameters and ozone. A generalized linear model that accommodates the nonlinear effects of the meteorological variables was fit to data collected for 39 major eastern US urban areas. Overall, the model performs very well, yielding R-2 Statistics as high as 0.80. The analysis confirms that ozone is generally increasing with increasing temperature and decreasing with increasing relative humidity. Examination of the spatial gradients of these responses show that the effect of temperature on ozone is most pronounced in the north while the opposite is true of relative humidity. By including HYSPLIT-derived transport wind direction and distance in the model, it is shown that the largest incremental impact of wind direction on ozone occurs along the periphery of the study domain, which encompasses major NO, emission sources. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Natl Ocean & Atmospher Adm, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Camalier, L (reprint author), US EPA, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Camalier.Louise@epa.gov
NR 17
TC 117
Z9 122
U1 5
U2 58
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 33
BP 7127
EP 7137
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.04.061
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 231GE
UT WOS:000250933800018
ER
PT J
AU Awkerman, JA
Westbrock, MA
Huyvaert, KP
Anderson, DJ
AF Awkerman, Jill A.
Westbrock, Mark A.
Huyvaert, Kathryn P.
Anderson, David J.
TI Female-biased sex ratio arises after parental care in the sexually
dimorphic waved albatross (Phoebastria irrorata)
SO AUK
LA English
DT Article
DE bycatch; known fate; Phoebastria irrorata; provision; seabird; sex
ratio; Waved Albatross
ID TOOTHFISH LONGLINE FISHERY; SEABIRD MORTALITY; HABITAT USE; BIRD;
PERIOD; EGGS; AGE
AB In response to evidence of sexual segregation at foraging grounds as well as male-biased band recoveries, we investigated the ontogeny of the female-biased adult sex ratio in the Waved Albatross (Phoebastria irrorata), an IUCN "critically endangered species" essentially endemic to Isla Espa (n) over tilde ola, Galapagos, Ecuador. Using a molecular technique to determine the sex of chicks and adults and known fate analysis of chicks during rearing, we found no evidence of a sex-ratio bias at hatching or fledging in three consecutive years with variable reproductive success. Although male chicks were significantly larger than females at fledging, survival to fledging of a large sample of male and female chicks did not differ. The sex ratio among a cohort of young adults at approximately the age of first breeding (eight years) also did not differ significantly from parity. Differential adult mortality, including male-biased mortality in fisheries, is the most probable cause of a female-biased population sex ratio, and is at least partially responsible for an apparent reduction in the number of breeding pairs of this species.
C1 Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA.
Univ Missouri, Dept Biol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA.
RP Awkerman, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
EM awkerman.jill@epa.gov
RI Huyvaert, Kathryn/A-2710-2009
OI Huyvaert, Kathryn/0000-0003-3302-030X
NR 43
TC 5
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 25
PU AMER ORNITHOLOGISTS UNION
PI LAWRENCE
PA ORNITHOLOGICAL SOC NORTH AMER PO BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA
SN 0004-8038
J9 AUK
JI AUK
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 124
IS 4
BP 1336
EP 1346
DI 10.1642/0004-8038(2007)124[1336:FSRAAP]2.0.CO;2
PG 11
WC Ornithology
SC Zoology
GA 238KI
UT WOS:000251446100018
ER
PT J
AU Lu, HF
Campbell, D
Chen, J
Qin, P
Ren, H
AF Lu, Hongfang
Campbell, Daniel
Chen, Jie
Qin, Pei
Ren, Hai
TI Conservation and economic viability of nature reserves: An emergy
evaluation of the Yancheng Biosphere Reserve
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE conservation value; emergy synthesis; social self-sufficiency;
ecological-economic benefit
ID ECOSYSTEM SERVICES; PERSPECTIVE; MANAGEMENT; VALUATION; CHINA;
SUSTAINABILITY; BIOLOGY; MARSHES; SOILS; WATER
AB Evaluating the ecological and economic benefits of nature reserves in a fair way is a difficult problem confronting not only conservation scientists and managers but also governments and private land owners. Nature reserves and other social and economic land uses must be evaluated on an objective basis to provide an accurate measure of relative benefits for decision-making. The ecological and economic benefits of various land uses can be expressed in equivalent terms using emergy as a common denominator. Emergy synthesis is a biophysical, donor-based method of valuation that we used to assess the ecological-economic system of the Yancheng Biosphere Reserve (YBR) in North Jiangsu Province, China. In this paper, we introduce new emergy measures designed especially to capture the conservation value of natural lands, as well as a measure of the economic viability of nature reserves. The network structure of natural resources, economic production, and conservation activities in Yancheng reserve was examined and compared to the Maipo Nature Reserve (MNR) in Hong Kong, and a salt marsh ecological-engineering system also in Yancheng. This study showed that there is about a 10:1 return on the emergy invested by government in operating the Yancheng Biosphere Reserve, which is a major migratory stop-over and wintering site for the endangered red-crowned crane (Grus japonensis). Only 2.2% of the support for conservation in YBR comes from the private sector compared to 41.4% for MNR. One way to improve social self-sufficiency of the reserve is to develop ecotourism and private donors, which will increase economic vitality and mitigate the intense economic competition for reserve land. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI USA.
Chinese Acad Sci, Bot Gardens, Guangzhou 510650, Peoples R China.
Nanjing Univ, Environm Sch, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
Nanjing Univ, Halophyte Res Lab, Nanjing 210093, Peoples R China.
RP Campbell, D (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI USA.
EM luhf@scbg.ac.cn; campbell.dan@epa.gov; chenje509@tom.com;
qinpei@hrlab.org; renhai@scbg.ac.cn
NR 72
TC 31
Z9 42
U1 2
U2 24
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 139
IS 3-4
BP 415
EP 438
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.07.014
PG 24
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 222XE
UT WOS:000250330700016
ER
PT J
AU Darling, JA
Blum, MJ
AF Darling, John A.
Blum, Michael J.
TI DNA-based methods for monitoring invasive species: a review and
prospectus
SO BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
LA English
DT Review
DE detection; DNA barcode; DNA-based identification; DNA taxonomy; invasive
species; microarray; monitoring; PCR
ID FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; REAL-TIME PCR; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION;
MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTIC-TECHNIQUE; MICROBIAL DIVERSITY; OLIGONUCLEOTIDE
MICROARRAY; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; PLANKTON SAMPLES;
NUCLEAR MARKERS
AB The recent explosion of interest in DNA-based tools for species identification has prompted widespread speculation on the future availability of inexpensive, rapid, and accurate means of identifying specimens and assessing biodiversity. One applied field that may benefit dramatically from the development of such technologies is the detection, identification, and monitoring of invasive species. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of DNA-based tools for such important tasks as confirmation of specimen identity and targeted screening for known or anticipated invaders. However, significant technological hurdles must be overcome before more ambitious applications, including estimation of propagule pressure and comprehensive surveys of complex environmental samples, are to be realized. Here we review existing methods, examine the technical difficulties associated with development of more sophisticated tools, and consider the potential utility of these DNA-based technologies for various applications relevant to invasive species monitoring.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mol ecol Res Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Darling, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Mol ecol Res Branch, 27 W Martin Luther King Blvd, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM darling.john@epamail.epa.gov
RI Kumar, Vivek/B-8500-2011
NR 84
TC 94
Z9 99
U1 5
U2 62
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1387-3547
J9 BIOL INVASIONS
JI Biol. Invasions
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 9
IS 7
BP 751
EP 765
DI 10.1007/s10530-006-9079-4
PG 15
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210FZ
UT WOS:000249443400001
ER
PT J
AU Levine, KE
Essader, AS
Weber, FX
Perlmutter, JM
Milstein, LS
Fernando, RA
Levine, MA
Collins, BJ
Adams, JB
Grohse, PM
AF Levine, K. E.
Essader, A. S.
Weber, F. X.
Perlmutter, J. M.
Milstein, L. S.
Fernando, R. A.
Levine, M. A.
Collins, B. J.
Adams, J. B.
Grohse, P. M.
TI Determination of iodine in low mass human hair samples by inductively
coupled plasma mass spectrometry
SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID NUTRITION; ELEMENTS
C1 RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA.
RP Levine, KE (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Conrwallis Rd,PO Box 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM levine@rti.org
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [N01-ES-05455, N01-ES-65554]
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 4
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0007-4861
J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX
JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 79
IS 4
BP 401
EP 404
DI 10.1007/s00128-007-9264-x
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 219VH
UT WOS:000250115800009
PM 17721731
ER
PT J
AU Ghanayem, BI
Hoffler, U
AF Ghanayem, Burhan I.
Hoffler, Undi
TI Investigation of xenobiotics metabolism, genotoxicity, and
carcinogenicity using Cyp2e1-/-mice
SO CURRENT DRUG METABOLISM
LA English
DT Review
ID ETHYL CARBAMATE URETHANE; CYP2E1 KNOCKOUT MICE; CHRONIC
ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; FEMALE B6C3F1 MICE; MOUSE BONE-MARROW; WILD-TYPE
MICE; MICROSOMAL EPOXIDE HYDROLASE; CYTOCHROME-P450 2E1 CYP2E1; TANDEM
MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM
AB Cytochromes P450 (CYPs) comprise a number of enzyme subfamilies responsible for the oxidative metabolism of a wide range of therapeutic agents, environmental toxicants mutagens, and carcinogens. In particular, cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) is implicated in the oxidative bioactivation of a variety of small hydrophobic chemicals including a number of epoxide-forming drugs and environmentally important toxicants including urethane, acrylamide, acrylonitrile, benzene, vinyl chloride, styrene, I-bromopropane, trichloroethylene, dichloroethylene, acetaminophen, and butadiene. Until recently, chemical modulators (inducers and inhibitors) were used in order to characterize the enzymatic basis of xenobiotic metabolism and the relationships between CYP-mediated bioactivation and chemical- induced toxicity/carcinogen icity. With the advent of genetically engineered knockout mice, the ability to evaluate the roles of specific CYPs in the metabolism of xenobiotics has become more attainable. The main focus of the current review is to present studies that characterized the enzymatic, metabolic, and molecular mechanisms of toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of various xenobiotics using Cyp2e1-/- mice. Data presented in this review demonstrated that the most comprehensive studies using Cyp2e1-/- mice, encompassing the entire paradigm of metabolism to toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity were possible when a substrate was primarily metabolized via CYP2E1 (e.g. urethane and acrylamide). In contrast, when multiple CYP enzymes were prevalent in the oxidation of a particular substrate (e.g.: trichloroethylene, methacrylonitrile, crotononitrile), investigating the relationships between oxidative metabolism and biological activity became more complicated and required the use of chemical modulators. In conclusion, the current review showed that Cyp2e1-/- mice are a valuable animal model for the investigation of the metabolic and molecular basis of toxicity, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of xenobiotics.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Toxicol Program, Lab Pharmacol & Chem,Metab & Exposure Markers, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Ghanayem, BI (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Toxicol Program, Lab Pharmacol & Chem,Metab & Exposure Markers, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM Ghanayem@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 253
TC 28
Z9 38
U1 2
U2 12
PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
PI SHARJAH
PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB
EMIRATES
SN 1389-2002
J9 CURR DRUG METAB
JI Curr. Drug Metab.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 7
BP 728
EP 749
DI 10.2174/138920007782109760
PG 22
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 216GZ
UT WOS:000249867800010
PM 17979661
ER
PT J
AU Eltis-Hutchings, RG
Grey, BE
Norwood, J
Richards, JH
Lau, C
Rogers, JM
AF Eltis-Hutchings, R. G.
Grey, B. E.
Norwood, J., Jr.
Richards, J. H.
Lau, C.
Rogers, J. M.
TI Strain sensitivity to adverse health outcomes in adult offspring of
Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats undernourished in utero
SO EARLY HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
C1 [Eltis-Hutchings, R. G.; Grey, B. E.; Norwood, J., Jr.; Lau, C.; Rogers, J. M.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Div Reprod Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
[Richards, J. H.] US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Div Expt Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
EM rogers.john@epa.gov
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0378-3782
J9 EARLY HUM DEV
JI Early Hum. Dev.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 83
SU 1
BP S169
EP S169
PG 1
WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics
GA 232YS
UT WOS:000251058200476
ER
PT J
AU Busing, RT
Solomon, AM
McKane, RB
Burdick, CA
AF Busing, Richard T.
Solomon, Allen M.
McKane, Robert B.
Burdick, Connie A.
TI Forest dynamics in oregon landscapes: Evaluation and application of an
individual-based model
SO ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS
LA English
DT Article
DE climate change; fire; forest composition; natural disturbance; Pacific
Northwest; simulation; vegetation; watershed
ID PACIFIC-NORTHWEST; CLIMATIC-CHANGE; GAP MODELS; STAND DEVELOPMENT;
VEGETATION; GROWTH; GRADIENTS; TEMPERATURE; SUCCESSION; BIOMASS
AB The FORCLIM model of forest dynamics was tested against field survey data for its ability to simulate basal area and composition of old forests across broad climatic gradients in western Oregon, USA. The model was also tested for its ability to capture successional trends in ecoregions of the west Cascade Range. It was then applied to simulate present and future (1990-2050) forest landscape dynamics of a watershed in the west Cascades. Various regimes of climate change and harvesting in the watershed were considered in the landscape application. The model was able to capture much of the variation ill forest basal area and composition in western Oregon even though temperature and precipitation were the only inputs that were varied among simulated sites. The measured decline in total basal area from tall coastal forests eastward to interior steppe was matched by simulations. Changes in simulated forest dominants also approximated those in the actual data. Simulated abundances of a few minor species did not match actual abundances, however. Subsequent projections of climate change and harvest effects in a west Cascades landscape indicated no change in forest dominance as of 2050. Yet, climate-driven shifts in the distributions of some species were projected. The simulation of both stand-replacing and partial-stand disturbances across western Oregon improved agreement between simulated and actual data. Simulations with fire as an agent of partial disturbance suggested that frequent fires of low severity can alter forest composition and structure as much or more than severe fires at historic frequencies.
C1 US Geol Survey, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
USDA, US Forest Serv, Arlington, VA 22209 USA.
US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Busing, RT (reprint author), US Geol Survey, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM rtbusing@aol.com
NR 55
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 1
U2 10
PU ECOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1990 M STREET NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1051-0761
J9 ECOL APPL
JI Ecol. Appl.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 7
BP 1967
EP 1981
DI 10.1890/06-1838.1
PG 15
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 220FL
UT WOS:000250142500010
PM 17974335
ER
PT J
AU Fairbrother, A
Wenstel, R
Sappington, K
Wood, W
AF Fairbrother, Anne
Wenstel, Randall
Sappington, Keith
Wood, William
TI Framework for metals risk assessment
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
LA English
DT Review
DE risk assessment; inorganic metals; metals; framework; human health;
aquatic terrestrial; bioavailability; BAF; BCF
ID BIOTIC LIGAND MODEL; ACID-VOLATILE SULFIDE; MUSSEL MYTILUS-EDULIS; ACUTE
COPPER TOXICITY; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT SURVEY; ALGA
PSEUDOKIRCHNERIELLA-SUBCAPITATA; PHYSIOLOGICALLY-BASED MODELS; DISSOLVED
ORGANIC-MATTER; CADMIUM TROPHIC TRANSFER; ESSENTIAL TRACE-ELEMENTS
AB EPA recognized that metals present unique risk assessment issues, and saw the need to develop a framework document that puts forth key scientific principles for metals risk assessments to help ensure consistency in metals assessments across EPA programs and regional offices. This framework, called the "Framework for Metals Risk Assessment," is a science-based document that describes basic principles that address the special attributes and behaviors of metals and metal compounds to be considered when assessing their human health and ecological risks. The Risk Assessment Forum oversaw the development of this document, including input from stakeholders and experts throughout the Agency, and obtained through several expert workshops, followed by peer review by the EPA Science Advisory Board (SAB). The Framework for Metals Risk Assessment document is intended to serve as a guide for all EPA programs and regional offices to supplement or update the policies, practices and guidance they currently use in their respective metals assessments. This framework document is not a prescriptive guide on how any particular type of assessment should be conducted within an EPA program office. Rather, it outlines key metal principles and describes how they should be considered in conducting human health and ecological risk assessments to advance our understanding of metals impact and foster consistency across EPA programs and regions. Although the audience for the framework is primarily intended to be Agency risk assessors, it also will communicate principles and recommendations for metals risk assessment to stakeholders and the public. This framework will be used in conjunction with guidance developed by the programs and. regions for site-specific risk assessment, criteria derivation, ranking or categorization and other similar Agency activities related to metals. The Framework for Metals Risk Assessment document is intended to serve as a guide for all EPA programs and regional offices to supplement or update the policies, practices and guidance they currently use in their respective metals assessments. EPA assessments can vary in level of detail from simple, screening analyses to complex, definitive assessments. More complex scientific tools and metal specific methods should be applied as the complexity of the hazard assessment or risk assessment increases. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 US EPA, Off Sci Advisor, Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Wenstel, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Sci Advisor, Risk Assessment Forum, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM wentsel.randy@epa.gov
NR 408
TC 154
Z9 177
U1 10
U2 110
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0147-6513
EI 1090-2414
J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE
JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 2
BP 145
EP 227
DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.03.015
PG 83
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 222TV
UT WOS:000250321100001
PM 17889701
ER
PT J
AU Luo, N
Hatchett, DW
Rogers, KR
AF Luo, Ning
Hatchett, David W.
Rogers, Kim R.
TI Recognition of pyrene using molecularly imprinted electrochemically
deposited poly(2-mercaptobenzimidazole) or poly (resorcinol) on gold
electrodes
SO ELECTROANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE poly(resorcinol); poly(2-mercaptobenzimidazole); molecularly imprinted
polymer; pyrene; electrochemical detection
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CHROMATOGRAPHY; MONOLAYERS; SENSORS;
ELECTROOXIDATION; IMMUNOSENSOR; SEPARATION; BIOSENSOR; RECEPTOR; WATERS
AB The feasibility of using thiol chemistry to form molecularly imprinted polymer-coated gold electrodes to measure pyrene is reported. For the first approach, poly (2-mercaptobenzimidazole) (2-MBI) was electrochemically deposited on gold electrodes in the presence or absence of the template pyrene. For the second approach, the pyrene derivative N-(1-pyrenyl)maleimide was covalently bound to 1,3-propane thiol that had been previously self-assembled on a cleaned gold surface. Resorcinol was then electrochemically polymerized onto the electrode followed by electrochemical stripping of the thiolated pyrene from the polymer-coated electrode. For both electrode configurations, the binding of pyrene to the MIP-coated electrode was detected indirectly through pyrene-dependent access of a ferricyanide probe to the electrode surface as measured using square-wave voltammetry.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
Univ Nevada, Dept Chem, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA.
RP Rogers, KR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
EM rogers.kim@epa.gov
NR 27
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 17
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 1040-0397
J9 ELECTROANAL
JI Electroanalysis
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 19
IS 19-20
BP 2117
EP 2124
DI 10.1002/elan.200703930
PG 8
WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry
SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry
GA 220AK
UT WOS:000250129100016
ER
PT J
AU Rice, EW
Adcock, NJ
Sivaganesan, M
Brown, JD
Stallknecht, DE
Swayne, DE
AF Rice, Eugene W.
Adcock, Noreen J.
Sivaganesan, Mano
Brown, Justin D.
Stallknecht, David E.
Swayne, David E.
TI Chlorine inactivation of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1)
SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
LA English
DT Article
ID SURFACE-WATER; PERSISTENCE; TURKEYS; DUCKS
AB To determine resistance of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H5N1) virus to chlorination, we exposed allantoic fluid containing 2 virus strains to chlorinated buffer at pH 7 and 8, at YC. Free chlorine concentrations typically used in drinking water treatment are sufficient to inactivate the virus by > 3 orders of magnitude.
C1 US EPA, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
USDA, Athens, GA USA.
RP Rice, EW (reprint author), US EPA, Water Infrastruct Protect Div, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM rice.gene@epa.gov
NR 14
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 4
PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL
PI ATLANTA
PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA
SN 1080-6040
J9 EMERG INFECT DIS
JI Emerg. Infect. Dis
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 10
BP 1568
EP 1570
PG 3
WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases
GA 217QQ
UT WOS:000249962800026
PM 18258010
ER
PT J
AU Swartz, CD
Parks, N
Umbach, DM
Ward, WO
Schaaper, RM
DeMarini, DM
AF Swartz, Carol D.
Parks, Nick
Umbach, David M.
Ward, William O.
Schaaper, Roel M.
DeMarini, David M.
TI Enhanced mutagenesis of Salmonella tester strains due to deletion of
genes other than uvrB
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE ames test; mutagenic potency; Delta uvrB; molybdenum cofactor; moeA;
moaA
ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; BASE ANALOGS; TYPHIMURIUM; MUTAGENICITY; MUTANTS;
REPAIR
AB The standard Salmonella mutagenicify (Ames) tester strains are missing 15-119 genes due to the extended Delta(gal-bio-uvrB) mutations that render the strains excision-repair deficient (Delta uvrB). We constructed strains of Salmonella that are homologous to tester strains TA98 and TA100 except that in place of the uvrB deletion, they contain single-gene defects in either uvrB, moaA, moeA, or both uvrB and moeA. We then tested the following mutagens in these strains: 2-acetylaminofluorene, Glu-P-1, 4-aminobiphenyl, benzo[a]pyrene, MX, 1-nitropyrene, 6-hydroxylaminopurine (HAP), and 2-amino-6-hydroxylaminopurine (AHAP). We confirmed in Salmonella a previous finding in Escherichia coli. that the enhanced mutagenicity of the purine analogues HAP and AHAP is not due to the deletion of the uvrB gene but due to the deletion of moeA and/or moeA, which are involved in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis. The spontaneous mutant frequency and induced mutagenic potency of mutagens due to the extended Delta uvrB mutation are due largely to the deletion of uvrB and to some extent of moeA/moaA at the frame-shift hisD3052 allele of TA98 but involve other genes in addition to uvrB and moeA/moaA at the base-substitution hisG46 allele of TA100. The extended Delta uvrB mutation does not prevent the detection of mutagens that would have been detected in a strain containing a single uvrB defect. Because of the deletion of moeA/moaA, the extended uvrB deletion generally enhanced spontaneous and induced mutagenicity, especially at the base-substitution allele. This enhanced sensitivity may underlay the severe health effects in humans who have mutations in molybdenum cofactor biosynthesis genes. Environ. Mal. Mutagen. 48:694-705, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Environm Careers Org, Boston, MA USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Genet Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP DeMarini, DM (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, B143-06, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM demarini.david@epa.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 21
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 0893-6692
EI 1098-2280
J9 ENVIRON MOL MUTAGEN
JI Environ. Mol. Mutagen.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 48
IS 8
BP 694
EP 705
DI 10.1002/em.20343
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 222TZ
UT WOS:000250321500009
PM 17896788
ER
PT J
AU Sexton, K
Linder, SH
Marko, D
Bethel, H
Lupo, PJ
AF Sexton, Ken
Linder, Stephen H.
Marko, Dritana
Bethel, Heidi
Lupo, Philip J.
TI Comparative assessment of air pollution-related health risks in Houston
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Editorial Material
DE air pollution; air toxics; comparative risk; diesel particles; hazardous
pollutants; particulate matter; risk assessment
ID POLLUTANTS
AB BACKGROUND: Airborne emissions from numerous point, area, and mobile sources, along with stagnant meteorologic conditions, contribute to frequent episodes of elevated air pollution in Houston, Texas. To address this problem, decision makers must set priorities among thousands of individual air pollutants as they formulate effective and efficient mitigation strategies.
OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to compare and rank relative health risks of 179 air pollutants in Houston using an evidence-based approach supplemented by the expert judgment of a panel of academic scientists.
METHODS: Annual-average ambient concentrations by census tract were estimated from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's National-scale Air Toxics Assessment and augmented with measured levels from the Houston monitoring network. Each substance was assigned to one of five risk categories (definite, probable, possible, unlikely, uncertain) based on how measured or monitored concentrations translated into comparative risk estimates. We used established unit risk estimates for carcinogens and/or chronic reference values for noncarcinogens to set thresholds for each category. Assignment to an initial risk category was adjusted, as necessary, based on expert judgment about the quality and quantity of information available.
RESULTS: Of the 179 substances examined, 12 (6.7%) were deemed definite risks, 9 (5.0%) probable risks, 24 (13.4%) possible risks, 16 (8.9%) unlikely risks, and 118 (65.9%) uncertain risks.
CONCLUSIONS: Risk-based priority setting is an important step in the development of cost-effective solutions to Houston's air pollution problem.
C1 Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA.
Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Hlth Policy, Houston, TX USA.
US EPA, Off Drinking Water, Off Sci & Technol Hlth, Div Ecol, Washington, DC USA.
Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Houston, TX USA.
RP Sexton, K (reprint author), Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, 80 Ft Brown,RAHC Bldg, Brownsville, TX 78520 USA.
EM ken.sexton@utb.edu
RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015
OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284
NR 23
TC 38
Z9 39
U1 4
U2 21
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 115
IS 10
BP 1388
EP 1393
DI 10.1289/ehp.10043
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 216UQ
UT WOS:000249904900027
PM 17938725
ER
PT J
AU Benbrahim-Tallaa, L
Waterlandz, RA
Dill, AL
Webber, MM
Waalkes, MP
AF Benbrahim-Tallaa, Lamia
Waterlandz, Robert A.
Dill, Anna L.
Webber, Mukta M.
Waalkes, Michael P.
TI Tumor suppressor gene inactivation during cadmium-induced malignant
transformation of human prostate cells correlates with overexprression
of de Novo DNA methyltransferase
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
DE cadmium; carcinogenesis; DNA methylation; DNMT3b; p16; prostate; RASSF1A
ID P16INK4A PROMOTER HYPERMETHYLATION; FEMALE LUNG-CANCER;
EPITHELIAL-CELLS; METHYLATION STATUS; DNMT3B; EXPRESSION; 3B;
OVEREXPRESSION; CARCINOGENESIS; NEOPLASIA
AB BACKGROUND: Aberrant DNA methylation is common in carcinogenesis. The typical pattern appears to involve reduced expression of maintenance DNA methyltransferase, DNMT1, inducing genomic hypomethylation, whereas increased expression of de novo DNMT3a or 36 causes gene-specific hypermethylation.
OBJECTIVES: During cadmium-induced malignant transformation, an unusual pattern of genomic hypermethylation occurred that we studied to provide insight into the roles of specific DNMTs in oncogenesis.
METHODS: Gene expression and DNA methylation were assessed in control and chronic cadmium-transformed prostate epithelial cells (CTPE) using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot analysis, methylation-specific PCR, and methyl acceptance assay.
RESULTS: During the 10-weeks of cadmium exposure that induced malignant transformation, progressive increases in generalized DNMT enzymatic activity occurred that were associated with overexpression of DNMT3b without changes in DNMT1 expression. Increased DNMT3b expression preceded increased DNMT enzymatic activity. Procainamide, a specific DNMT1 inhibitor, reversed cadmium-induced genomic DNA hypermethylation. Reduced expression of the tumor suppressor genes, RASSF1A and p16 began about the time DNMT3b overexpression first occurred and progressively decreased thereafter. RASSF1A and p16 promoter regions were heavily methylated in CTPE cells, indicating silencing by hypermethylation, while the DNA demethylating agent, 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, reversed this silencing. DNMT1 inhibition only modestly increased RASSF1A and p16 expression in CTPE cells and did not completely reverse silencing.
CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that DNMT3b overexpression can result in generalized DNA hypermethylation and gene silencing but that DNMT1 is required to maintain these effects. The pattern of genomic DNA hypermethylation together with up-regulation of DNMT3b may provide a unique set of biomarkers to specifically identify cadmium-induced human prostate cancers.
C1 NCI, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, Inorgan Carcinogenesis Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Nutr Res Ctr, Dept Pediat & Mol & Human Genet, Houston, TX USA.
Michigan State Univ, Dept Med, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI USA.
RP Waalkes, MP (reprint author), NCI, NIEHS, Inorgan Carcinogenesis Sect, POB 12233,Mail Drop F0-09,111 Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM waalkes@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 31
TC 81
Z9 88
U1 0
U2 11
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 115
IS 10
BP 1454
EP 1459
DI 10.1289/ehp.10207
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 216UQ
UT WOS:000249904900037
PM 17938735
ER
PT J
AU Sailor, DJ
Dietsch, N
AF Sailor, David J.
Dietsch, Nikolaas
TI The urban heat island mitigation impact screening tool (MIST)
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE air quality; urban heat islands; atmospheric modeling; urban climate;
albedo; urban forestry
ID OZONE AIR-QUALITY; SHADE TREES; ENERGY USE; TEMPERATURES; SIMULATION;
AREAS; MODEL; CITY
AB A web-based software tool has been developed to assist urban planners and air quality management officials in assessing the potential of urban heat island mitigation strategies to affect the urban climate, air quality, and energy consumption within their cities. The user of the tool can select from over 170 US cities for which to conduct the analysis, and can specify city-wide changes in surface reflectivity and/or vegetative cover. The Mitigation Impact Screening Tool (MIST) then extrapolates results from a suite of simulations for 20 cities to estimate air temperature changes associated with the specified changes in surface characteristics for the selected city. Alternatively the user can simply define a nominal air temperature reduction that they hope to achieve with an unspecified mitigation scenario. These air temperature changes are then input to energy and ozone models to estimate the impact that the mitigation action may have on the selected city. The results presented by MIST include a high degree of uncertainty and are intended only as a first-order estimate that urban planners can use to assess the viability of heat island mitigation strategies for their cities. As appropriate, MIST analyses should be supplemented by more detailed modeling. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
US EPA, State & Local Branch, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Sailor, DJ (reprint author), Portland State Univ, PO Box 751-ME, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
EM sailor@cecs.pdx.edu
RI Sailor, David/E-6308-2014
OI Sailor, David/0000-0003-1720-8214
NR 31
TC 24
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 20
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-8152
J9 ENVIRON MODELL SOFTW
JI Environ. Modell. Softw.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 22
IS 10
BP 1529
EP 1541
DI 10.1016/j.envsoft.2006.11.005
PG 13
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering,
Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Computer Science; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 180YL
UT WOS:000247403800015
ER
PT J
AU Macauley, JM
Harwell, LC
Alafita, HV
AF Macauley, J. M.
Harwell, L. C.
Alafita, H. V.
TI The ecological condition of Veracruz, Mexico estuaries
SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE environmental assessment; environmental monitoring; Veracruz estuaries
ID RANGES
AB During June and July, 2002, forty-seven stations were sampled within estuaries along the gulf coast of the state of Veracruz, MX, using a probabilistic survey design and a common set of response indicators. The objective of the study was to collect information to assess the condition of estuarine waters within the state of Veracruz, and to provide data that would strengthen future assessments of Gulf of Mexico estuaries. Samples for water quality, sediment contaminants, sediment toxicity, and benthic populations were collected in a manner consistent with EPA's National Coastal Assessment (NCA). Data were evaluated by comparing indicator measurements to tropical waters threshold values cited in US EPA's National Coastal Condition Report II, 2004, for tropical waters. In Veracruz, 75% of the area sampled rated poor for water quality, attributed primarily to high concentrations reported for chlorophyll a, and dissolved nutrients. One percent of the area exhibited poor sediment quality, based on PAH and metals concentrations. Compared to US estuaries of the Gulf of Mexico, water quality observed in Veracruz estuaries was more affected by nutrient over-enrichment. The probabilitistic nature of the survey design allowed for the comparison of the condition of Veracruz and the US GOM estuaries.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
SC Ctr Corp Cancun, Consult Gestion Pol Plant Ambiental, Quintana Roo, Mexico.
RP Macauley, JM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Res Effects Res Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
EM macauley.john@epa.gov
NR 12
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-6369
J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS
JI Environ. Monit. Assess.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 1-3
BP 177
EP 185
DI 10.1007/s10661-006-9571-4
PG 9
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 209QU
UT WOS:000249403900018
PM 17295108
ER
PT J
AU Kan, E
Kim, S
Deshusses, MA
AF Kan, Eunsung
Kim, Seongyup
Deshusses, Marc A.
TI Fenton oxidation of TCE vapors in a foam reactor
SO ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS
LA English
DT Article
DE chemical oxidation; trichloroethylene; vapor phase reactor air pollution
control; advanced oxidation
ID GAS-PHASE TRICHLOROETHYLENE; BURKHOLDERIA-CEPACIA G4; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE;
COMETABOLIC DEGRADATION; EMULSION BIOREACTOR; MASS-TRANSFER; TOLUENE;
KINETICS; REAGENT; TIO2
AB Oxidation of dilute TCE vapors in a foam reactor using Fenton"s reagent was investigated. The new process relies on rapid mass transfer from, the gas undergoing treatment to a fine aqueous foam and oxidation by Fenton's reagents. Laboratory investigation demonstrated that TCE elimination capacity was as high as 56-61 g TCE m(-3) (reactor)h(-1) with a removal efficiency of 62% and TCE mineralization of 83% at gas retention time of 30 s and TCE inlet concentration of 0.6 g m(-3). Compared to oxidation in wet scrubbers packed with commercially available plastic packings and using the same composition of Fenton's reagents'. the foam reactor configuration provided a higher rate absorption and greater eliminination capacity of TCE vapors. The treatment perfromance jar exceeded those of current bioreactors and was comparable to those of advanced oxidation techniques such as TiO2/UVand ozone/UV. suggesting that Fenton oxidation in foam reactors may be a promising technique for treating TCE and other recalcitrant vapors. (C) 2007 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog.
C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Ada, OK 74820 USA.
RP Deshusses, MA (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Environm Chem & Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA.
EM mdeshuss@engr.ucr.edu
NR 36
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 5
U2 10
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0278-4491
J9 ENVIRON PROG
JI Environ. Prog.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 3
BP 226
EP 232
DI 10.1002/ep.10205
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical; Environmental
Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 216DG
UT WOS:000249857700002
ER
PT J
AU Hilborn, ED
Carmichael, WW
Soares, RM
Yuan, M
Servaites, JC
Barton, HA
Azevedo, SMFO
AF Hilborn, E. D.
Carmichael, W. W.
Soares, R. M.
Yuan, M.
Servaites, J. C.
Barton, H. A.
Azevedo, S. M. F. O.
TI Serologic evaluation of human microcystin exposure
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE microcystins; human serum; toxicokinetics; MMPB;
2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutyric acid
ID BLUE-GREEN-ALGA; BIOLOGICAL EVIDENCE; LIVER; LR; MICE; CYANOBACTERIA;
AERUGINOSA; EXCRETION; TOXINS; BLOOMS
AB Microcystins are among the most commonly detected toxins associated with cyanobacteria blooms worldwide. Two episodes of intravenous microcystin exposures occurred among kidney dialysis patients during 1996 and 2001. Analysis of serum samples collected during these episodes suggests that microcystins are detectable as free and bound forms in human serum. Our goal was to characterize the biochemical evidence for human exposure to microcystins, to identify uncertainties associated with interpretation of these observed results, and to identify research needs. We analyzed serum samples using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods to detect free microcystins, and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) to detect 2-methyl-3-methoxy-4-phenylbutyric acid (MMPB). MMPB is derived from both free and protein-bound microcystins by chemical oxidation, and it appears to represent total microcystins present in serum. We found evidence of free microcystins in patient serum for more than 50 days after the last documented exposure. Serum concentrations of free microcystins were consistently lower than MMPB quantification of total microcystins: free microcystins as measured by ELISA were only 8-51% of total microcystin concentrations as detected by the GC/MS method. After intravenous exposure episodes, we found evidence of microcystins in human serum in free and protein-bound forms, though the nature of the protein-bound forms is uncertain. Free microcystins appear to be a small but variable subset of total microcystins present in human serum. Research is needed to elucidate the human toxicokinetics of microcystins, in part to determine how observed serum concentrations can be used to estimate previous microcystin exposure. (c) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Wright State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Dayton, OH 45435 USA.
Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Carlos Chagas Filho Biophys Inst, Lab Ecophysiol & Toxicol Cyanobacteria, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Hilborn, ED (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM hilborn.e@epa.gov
RI Soares, Raquel /C-9863-2014
NR 26
TC 30
Z9 31
U1 3
U2 25
PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1520-4081
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL
JI Environ. Toxicol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 22
IS 5
BP 459
EP 463
DI 10.1002/tox.20281
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology; Water Resources
GA 208OJ
UT WOS:000249328800002
PM 17696142
ER
PT J
AU Rabalais, NN
Turner, RE
Sen Gupta, BK
Boesch, DF
Chapman, P
Murrell, MC
AF Rabalais, N. N.
Turner, R. E.
Sen Gupta, B. K.
Boesch, D. F.
Chapman, P.
Murrell, M. C.
TI Hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico: Does the science support the
plan to reduce, mitigate, and control hypoxia?
SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS
LA English
DT Review
ID MISSISSIPPI RIVER DELTA; LOUISIANA CONTINENTAL-SHELF; PARTICULATE
ORGANIC-CARBON; COASTAL EUTROPHICATION; BENTHIC FORAMINIFERA;
DISSOLVED-OXYGEN; CHESAPEAKE BAY; BOTTOM WATER; BLACK-SEA; HISTORICAL
TRENDS
AB We update and reevaluate the scientific information on the distribution, history, and causes of continental shelf hypoxia that supports the 2001 Action Plan for Reducing, Mitigating, and Controlling Hypoxia in the Northern Gulf of Mexico (Mississippi River/Gulf of Mexico Watershed Nutrient Task Force 2001), incorporating data, publications, and research results produced since the 1999 integrated assessment. The metric of mid-summer hypoxic area on the Louisiana-Texas shelf is an adequate and suitable measure for continued efforts to reduce nutrients loads from the Mississippi River and hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico as outlined in the Action Plan. More frequent measurements of simple metrics (e.g., area and volume) from late spring through late summer would ensure that the metric is representative of the system in any given year and useful in a public discourse of conditions and causes. The long-term data on hypoxia, sources of nutrients, associated biological parameters, and paleoindicators continue to verify and strengthen the relationship between the nitrate-nitrogen load of the Mississippi River, the extent of hypoxia, and changes in the coastal ecosystem (eutrophication and worsening hypoxia). Multiple lines of evidence, some of them representing independent data sources, are consistent with the big picture pattern of increased eutrophication as a result of long-term nutrient increases that result in excess carbon production and accumulation and, ultimately, bottom water hypoxia. The additional findings arising since 1999 strengthen the science supporting the Action Plan that focuses on reducing nutrient loads, primarily nitrogen, through multiple actions to reduce the size of the hypoxic zone in the northern Gulf of Mexico.
C1 [Rabalais, N. N.] Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
[Turner, R. E.; Sen Gupta, B. K.] Louisiana State Univ, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA.
[Boesch, D. F.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Environm Sci, Cambridge, MD 21613 USA.
[Chapman, P.] Texas A&M Univ, Coll Stn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA.
[Murrell, M. C.] US EPA, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
RP Rabalais, NN (reprint author), Louisiana Univ Marine Consortium, Chauvin, LA 70344 USA.
EM nrabalais@lumcon.edu
RI Chapman, Piers/C-7449-2013;
OI Chapman, Piers/0000-0003-0952-9392
NR 102
TC 187
Z9 192
U1 6
U2 91
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1559-2723
J9 ESTUAR COAST
JI Estuaries Coasts
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 30
IS 5
BP 753
EP 772
PG 20
WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 249BH
UT WOS:000252201300002
ER
PT J
AU Xu, ZL
Kaplan, NL
Taylor, JA
AF Xu, Zongli
Kaplan, Norman L.
Taylor, Jack A.
TI Tag SNP selection for candidate gene association studies using HapMap
and gene resequencing data
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE environmental genome project; HapMap; gene resequencing; tag SNP;
ethnic-mixed data; composite LD
ID SINGLE-NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; LINKAGE
DISEQUILIBRIUM; MULTIPLE POPULATIONS; SEQUENCE VARIATION; HAPLOTYPES;
PATTERNS; COVERAGE; PROJECT; SAMPLE
AB HapMap provides linkage disequilibrium (LD) information on a sample of 3.7 million SNPs that can be used for tag SNP selection in whole-genome association studies. HapMap can also be used for tag SNP selection in candidate genes, although its performance has yet to be evaluated against gene resequencing data, where there is near-complete SNP ascertainment. The Environmental Genome Project (EGP) is the largest gene resequencing effort to date with over 500 resequenced genes. We used HapMap data to select tag SNPs and calculated the proportions of common SNPs (MAF >= 0.05) tagged (rho(2)>= 0.8) for each of 127 EGP Panel 2 genes where individual ethnic information was available. Median gene-tagging proportions are 50, 80 and 74% for African, Asian, and European groups, respectively. These low gene-tagging proportions may be problematic for some candidate gene studies. In addition, although HapMap targeted nonsynonymous SNPs (nsSNPs), we estimate only similar to 30% of nonsynonymous SNPs in EGP are in high LD with any HapMap SNP. We show that gene-tagging proportions can be improved by adding a relatively small number of tag SNPs that were selected based on resequencing data. We also demonstrate that ethnic-mixed data can be used to improve HapMap gene-tagging proportions, but are not as efficient as ethnic-specific data. Finally, we generalized the greedy algorithm proposed by Carlson et al (2004) to select tag SNPs for multiple populations and implemented the algorithm into a freely available software package mPopTag.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Taylor, JA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, MD A3-05,111 Alexander Dr,POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM taylor@niehs.nih.gov
OI xu, zongli/0000-0002-9034-8902; taylor, jack/0000-0001-5303-6398
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 27
TC 23
Z9 26
U1 2
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND
SN 1018-4813
J9 EUR J HUM GENET
JI Eur. J. Hum. Genet.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 15
IS 10
BP 1063
EP 1070
DI 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201875
PG 8
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Genetics & Heredity
GA 215AB
UT WOS:000249778400011
PM 17568388
ER
PT J
AU Newsome, SD
del Rio, CM
Bearhop, S
Phillips, DL
AF Newsome, Seth D.
del Rio, Carlos Martinez
Bearhop, Stuart
Phillips, Donald L.
TI A niche for isotopic ecology
SO FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Review
ID STABLE-ISOTOPES; INDIVIDUAL SPECIALIZATION; CARBON; NITROGEN; MODELS;
SHIFTS; DIETS; DISCRIMINATION; SEGREGATION; PLEISTOCENE
AB Fifty years ago, GE Hutchinson defined the ecological niche as a hypervolume in n-dimensional space with environmental variables as axes. Ecologists have recently developed renewed interest in the concept, and technological advances now allow us to use stable isotope analyses to quantify these niche dimensions. Analogously, we define the isotopic niche as an area (in delta-space) with isotopic values (delta-values) as coordinates. To make isotopic measurements comparable to other niche formulations, we propose transforming delta-space to p-space, where axes represent relative proportions of isotopically distinct resources incorporated into an animal's tissues. We illustrate the isotopic niche with two examples: the application of historic ecology to conservation biology and ontogenetic niche shifts. Sustaining renewed interest in the niche requires novel methods to measure the variables that define it. Stable isotope analyses are a natural, perhaps crucial, tool in contemporary studies of the ecological niche.
C1 Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
Univ Wyoming, Dept Zool & Physiol, Laramie, WY 82071 USA.
Univ Exeter, Sch Biosci, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn TR10 9EZ, Cornwall, England.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Newsome, SD (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Sci, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA.
EM snewsome@ciw.edu
RI Phillips, Donald/D-5270-2011;
OI Bearhop, Stuart/0000-0002-5864-0129
NR 54
TC 378
Z9 389
U1 29
U2 195
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1540-9295
EI 1540-9309
J9 FRONT ECOL ENVIRON
JI Front. Ecol. Environ.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 5
IS 8
BP 429
EP 436
DI 10.1890/060150.1
PG 8
WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 217QJ
UT WOS:000249962100019
ER
PT J
AU Sayed, A
Nekl, ER
Siqueira, HAA
Wang, HC
Ffrench-Constant, RH
Bagley, M
Siegfried, BD
AF Sayed, A.
Nekl, E. R.
Siqueira, H. A. A.
Wang, H.-C.
ffrench-Constant, R. H.
Bagley, M.
Siegfried, B. D.
TI A novel cadherin-like gene from western corn rootworm, Diabrotica
virgifera virgifera (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae), larval midgut tissue
SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE cadherin; Diabrotica; Bt receptor; insect midgut; exon; intron
ID INSECTICIDAL CRYIA(A) TOXIN; THURINGIENSIS CRY1AB TOXIN;
BACILLUS-THURINGIENSIS; MANDUCA-SEXTA; CRYSTAL PROTEINS; PORE FORMATION;
RECEPTOR; IDENTIFICATION; RESISTANCE; BINDING
AB A cadherin-like gene associated with larval midgut tissues was cloned from western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera: Coleoptera), an economically important agricultural pest in North America and Europe and the primary target pest species for corn hybrids expressing Cry3 toxins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt). The full-length cDNA (5371 bp in length) encodes an open reading frame for a 1688 amino acid polypeptide. The putative protein has similar architecture to cadherin-like proteins isolated from lepidopteran midguts that have been shown to bind to Cry1 Bt toxins and have been implicated in Bt resistance. The D. v. virgifera cadherin-like gene is expressed primarily in the larval midgut and regulated during development, with high levels of expression observed in all instars and adults but not pupae. The corresponding genomic sequence spans more than 90 kb and is interspersed with 30 large introns. The genomic organization of the cadherin-like gene for this coleopteran species bears strong resemblance to lepidopteran cadherins suggesting a common molecular basis for susceptibility to Cry3 toxins in Coleoptera.
C1 US EPA, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
High Point Univ, Dept Biol, High Point, NC USA.
Univ Fed Rural Pernambuco, Dept Agron & Entomol, Recife, PE, Brazil.
Univ Nebraska, Dept Entomol, Lincoln, NE 68583 USA.
Univ Exter, Ctr Ecol & Conservat, Penryn, Cornwall, England.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Sayed, A (reprint author), US EPA, Dynamac Corp, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM sayed.abu@epa.gov
RI Siqueira, Herbert/C-6062-2013;
OI Siqueira, Herbert/0000-0002-8802-8977; ffrench-Constant,
Richard/0000-0001-5385-9888
NR 42
TC 18
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 11
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0962-1075
J9 INSECT MOL BIOL
JI Insect Mol. Biol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 16
IS 5
BP 591
EP 600
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2007.00755.x
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology
GA 214PM
UT WOS:000249750600008
PM 17725800
ER
PT J
AU Bay, S
Berry, W
Chapman, PM
Fairey, R
Gries, T
Long, E
MacDonald, D
Weisberg, SB
AF Bay, Steven
Berry, Walter
Chapman, Peter M.
Fairey, Russell
Gries, Tom
Long, Edward
MacDonald, Don
Weisberg, Stephen B.
TI Evaluating Consistency of Best Professional Judgment in the Application
of a Multiple Lines of Evidence Sediment Quality Triad
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Sediment quality triad; Contaminated sediments; Best professional
judgment; Uncertainty
AB The bioavailability of sediment-associated contaminants is poorly understood. Often, a triad of chemical concentration measurements, laboratory sediment toxicity tests, and benthic infaunal community condition is used to assess whether contaminants are present at levels of ecological concern. Integration of these 3 lines of evidence is typically based on best professional judgment by experts; however, the level of consistency among expert approach and interpretation has not been determined. In this study, we compared the assessments of 6 experts who were independently provided data from 25 California embayment sites and asked to rank the relative condition of each site from best to worst. The experts were also asked to place each site into 1 of 6 predetermined categories of absolute condition. We provided no guidance regarding assessment approach or interpretation of supplied data. The relative ranking of the sites was highly correlated among the experts, with an average correlation coefficient of 0.92. Although the experts' relative rankings were highly correlated, the categorical assessments were much less consistent, with only 1 site out of 25 assigned to the same absolute condition category by all 6 experts. Most of the observed categorical differences were small in magnitude and involved the weighting of different lines of evidence in individual assessment approaches, rather than interpretation of signals within a line of evidence. We attribute categorical differences to the experts' use of individual best professional judgment and consider these differences to be indicative of potential uncertainty in the evaluation of sediment quality. The results of our study suggest that specifying key aspects of the assessment approach a priori and aligning the approach to the study objectives can reduce this uncertainty.
C1 [Bay, Steven; Weisberg, Stephen B.] Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd,Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
[Berry, Walter] US EPA, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
[Chapman, Peter M.] Golder Associates, N Vancouver, BC V7P 2R4, Canada.
[Fairey, Russell] Moss Landing Marine Labs, Moss Landing, CA 95039 USA.
[Gries, Tom] Washington Dept Ecol, Lacey, WA 98503 USA.
[Long, Edward] ERL Environm, South Salem, OR 97306 USA.
[MacDonald, Don] MESL, Nanaimo, BC V9T 1W6, Canada.
RP Bay, S (reprint author), Southern Calif Coastal Water Res Project, 3535 Harbor Blvd,Suite 110, Costa Mesa, CA 92626 USA.
EM steveb@sccwrp.org
OI Weisberg, Stephen/0000-0002-0655-9425
FU California State Water Resources Control Board [01-274-250-0]
FX We thank Doris Vidal-Dorsch, Jeff Brown, and Ananada Ranasinghe of the
Southern California Coastal Water Research Project for assistance with
data compilation and statistical analysis. Work on this project was
funded by the California State Water Resources Control Board under
agreement 01-274-250-0.
NR 22
TC 11
Z9 13
U1 2
U2 9
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 3
IS 4
BP 491
EP 497
DI 10.1897/IEAM_2007-002.1
PG 7
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA V43XC
UT WOS:000209713100005
PM 18046798
ER
PT J
AU Bennett, RS
Etterson, MA
AF Bennett, Richard S.
Etterson, Matthew A.
TI Incorporating Results of Avian Toxicity Tests into a Model of Annual
Reproductive Success
SO INTEGRATED ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE Avian reproduction test; Annual reproductive success; Pesticide;
Population-level assessment; Markov chain models
AB Modeling the effects of pesticide exposure on avian populations requires knowledge of how the pesticide changes survival and fecundity rates for the population. Although avian reproduction tests are the primary source of information on reproductive effects in the pesticide risk assessment process, current tests cannot provide a direct estimate of the effects of a pesticide on fecundity rates. We present a mathematical model that integrates information on specific types of effects from reproduction tests with information on avian life history parameters, the timing of pesticide applications, and the temporal pattern of pesticide exposure levels to estimate pesticide effects on annual reproductive success. The model demonstration follows nesting success of females in no-pesticide or pesticide-exposed populations through a breeding season to estimate the mean number of successful broods per female. We demonstrate the model by simulating populations of a songbird exposed to 1 of 2 hypothetical pesticides during a breeding season. Finally, we discuss several issues for improving the quantitative estimation of annual reproductive success. Original Research
C1 [Bennett, Richard S.; Etterson, Matthew A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Bennett, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Midcontinent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM bennett.rick@epa.gov
FU USEPA
FX The information in this document has been funded wholly by the USEPA. It
has been subjected to review by the National Health and Environmental
Effects Research Laboratory and approved for publication. Approval does
not signify that the contents reflect the views of the Agency, nor does
mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or
recommendation for use.
NR 27
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI HOBOKEN
PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA
SN 1551-3777
EI 1551-3793
J9 INTEGR ENVIRON ASSES
JI Integr. Environ. Assess. Manag.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 3
IS 4
BP 498
EP 507
DI 10.1897/IEAM_2007-029.1
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA V43XC
UT WOS:000209713100006
PM 18046799
ER
PT J
AU Carreon, T
Kadlubar, FF
Ruder, AM
Schulte, PA
Hayes, RB
Waters, M
Grant, DJ
Boissy, R
Beii, DA
Hemstreet, GP
Yin, S
LeMasterS, GK
Rothman, N
AF Carreon, Tania
Kadlubar, Fred F.
Ruder, Avima M.
Schulte, Paul A.
Hayes, Richard B.
Waters, Martha
Grant, Delores J.
Boissy, Robert
Beii, Douglas A.
Hemstreet, George P., III
Yin, Songnian
LeMasterS, Grace K.
Rothman, Nathaniel
TI "N-Acetyltransferases and the susceptibility to benzidine-induced
bladder carcinogenesis" - Reply
SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
LA English
DT Letter
ID ACETYLBENZIDINE; GLUCURONIDATION; BINDING; DNA; METABOLISM; CANCER; RAT;
WORKERS; LIVER
C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
Univ Cincinnati, Acad Hlth Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA.
Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA.
Natl Canc Inst, Rockville, MD USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA.
Chinese Acad Prevent Med, Beijing, Peoples R China.
RP Carreon, T (reprint author), NIOSH, Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Div Surveillance, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mailstop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
EM carreota@ucmail.uc.edu
RI Carreon, Tania/A-6548-2008; Waters, Martha/B-7441-2011; Ruder,
Avima/I-4155-2012
OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664
NR 15
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0020-7136
J9 INT J CANCER
JI Int. J. Cancer
PD OCT 1
PY 2007
VL 121
IS 7
BP 1637
EP 1639
DI 10.1002/ijc.22906
PG 3
WC Oncology
SC Oncology
GA 205JK
UT WOS:000249109600032
PM 17583575
ER
PT J
AU Kleinstreuer, C
Zhang, Z
Kim, CS
AF Kleinstreuer, Clement
Zhang, Zhe
Kim, Chong S.
TI Combined inertial and gravitational deposition of microparticles in
small model airways of a human respiratory system
SO JOURNAL OF AEROSOL SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE inertial impaction; gravitational sedimentation; micron particle
deposition; small human airways; computational analysis; deposition
efficiency; stokes number; fronde number; sedimentation parameter;
deposition correlations
ID AIR-FLOW FIELDS; PARTICLE DEPOSITION; HUMAN-LUNG; AEROSOL DEPOSITION;
FLUID-DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; BIFURCATIONS; SIMULATION; TRANSPORT; GRAVITY
AB Focusing on relatively small airways in terms of the medium-size bronchial generations G6-G9, the interplay of impaction and sedimentation on micron particle transport and deposition has been simulated. A commercial finite-volume code, enhanced with user-supplied programs, has been employed. Although impaction is still a dominant deposition mechanism for microparticle in medium-size airways under normal breathing conditions (say, Q(in) = 15-30 L/ min), sedimentation may play a role as well. In turn, that can influence the local particle deposition patterns, efficiencies and fractions for a realistic range of Stokes numbers (0.001 <= St <= 0.33). However, deposition due to sedimentation is significantly amplified during slow inhalation; for example, the gravitational deposition may become dominant in the ninth bifurcation (i.e., generations G8-G9) for relatively large microparticles (say, d(p) > 5 mu m) at Q(in) = 3.75 L/ min. The occurrence of sedimentation changes the location of the deposition "hot spots" and reduces the order of the maximum deposition enhancement factor. The use of analytical formulas based on inclined tube models for predicting gravitational deposition in local bronchial airway segments as well as the combination of deposition by sedimentation and impaction has to be carefully examined. As shown, more prudent is the use of curve-fitted correlations generated from experimentally validated computer simulation results as a function of Stokes number and sedimentation parameter. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Human Studies Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Kleinstreuer, C (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM ck@eos.nesu.edu
RI Zhang, Zhe/B-3769-2012
NR 28
TC 19
Z9 22
U1 2
U2 3
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0021-8502
EI 1879-1964
J9 J AEROSOL SCI
JI J. Aerosol. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 38
IS 10
BP 1047
EP 1061
DI 10.1016/j.jaerosci.2007.08.010
PG 15
WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences;
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 236WO
UT WOS:000251334300004
ER
PT J
AU Daly, C
Smith, JW
Smith, JI
McKane, RB
AF Daly, Christopher
Smith, Jonathan W.
Smith, Joseph I.
McKane, Robert B.
TI High-resolution spatial modeling of daily weather elements for a
catchment in the Oregon Cascade Mountains, United States
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID COMPLEX TERRAIN; SOLAR-RADIATION; MINIMUM TEMPERATURE; PRECIPITATION;
ELEVATION; CLIMATE; BASIN; HUMIDITY; ERRORS; AREAS
AB High-quality, daily meteorological data at high spatial resolution are essential for a variety of hydrologic and ecological modeling applications that support environmental risk assessments and decision making. This paper describes the development, application, and assessment of methods to construct daily highresolution (similar to 50-m cell size) meteorological grids for the 2003 calendar year in the Upper South Santiam Watershed (USSW), a 500-km(2) mountainous catchment draining the western slope of the Oregon Cascade Mountains. Elevations within the USSW ranged from 194 to 1650 m. Meteorological elements modeled were minimum and maximum temperature; total precipitation, rainfall, and snowfall; and solar radiation and radiation-adjusted maximum temperature. The Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) was used to interpolate minimum and maximum temperature and precipitation. The separation of precipitation into rainfall and snowfall components used a temperature-based regression function. Solar radiation was simulated with the Image-Processing Workbench. Radiation-based adjustments to maximum temperature employed equations developed from data in the nearby H. J. Andrews Experimental Forest. The restrictive terrain of the USSW promoted cold-air drainage and temperature inversions by reducing large-scale airflow. Inversions were prominent nearly all year for minimum temperature and were noticeable even for maximum temperature during the autumn and winter. Precipitation generally increased with elevation over the USSW. In 2003, precipitation was nearly always in the form of rain at the lowest elevations but was about 50% snow at the highest elevations. Solar radiation followed a complex pattern related to terrain slope, aspect, and position relative to other terrain features. Clear, sunny days with a large proportion of direct radiation exhibited the greatest contrast in radiation totals, whereas cloudy days with primarily diffuse radiation showed little contrast. Radiation-adjusted maximum temperatures showed similar patterns. The lack of a high-quality observed dataset was a major issue in the interpolation of precipitation and solar radiation. However, observed data available for the USSW were superior to those available for most mountainous regions in the western United States. In this sense, the methods and results presented here can inform others performing similar studies in other mountainous regions.
C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, PRISM Grp, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
US EPA, Corvallis, OR USA.
RP Daly, C (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, PRISM Grp, 326 Strand Agr Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM daly@coas.oregonstate.edu
NR 47
TC 45
Z9 45
U1 1
U2 12
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 46
IS 10
BP 1565
EP 1586
DI 10.1175/JAM2548.1
PG 22
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 230IU
UT WOS:000250871000004
ER
PT J
AU Hayes, SL
Rodgers, MR
Lye, DJ
Stelma, GN
McKinstry, CA
Malard, JM
Vesper, SJ
AF Hayes, S. L.
Rodgers, M. R.
Lye, D. J.
Stelma, G. N.
McKinstry, C. A.
Malard, J. M.
Vesper, S. J.
TI Evaluating virulence of waterborne and clinical Aeromonas isolates using
gene expression and mortality in neonatal mice followed by assessing
cell culture's ability to predict virulence based on transcriptional
response
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Aeromonas; gene expression; host response; virulence
ID INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DRINKING-WATER; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA;
INFECTION; DIARRHEA; INTERLEUKIN-8; APOPTOSIS; CHILDREN; STRAINS
AB Aims: To assess the virulence of Aeromonas spp. using two models, a neonatal mouse assay and a mouse intestinal cell culture.
Methods and Results: After artificial infection with a variety of Aeromonas spp., mRNA extracts from the two models were processed and hydridized to murine microarrays to determine host gene response. Definition of virulence was determined based on host mRNA production in murine neonatal intestinal tissue and mortality of infected animals. Infections of mouse intestinal cell cultures were then performed to determine whether this simpler model system's mRNA responses correlated to neonatal results and therefore be predictive of virulence of Aeromonas spp. Virulent aeromonads up-regulated transcripts in both models including multiple host defense gene products (chemokines, regulation of transcription and apoptosis and cell signalling). Avirulent species exhibited little or no host response in neonates. Mortality results correlated well with both bacterial dose and average fold change of up-regulated transcripts in the neonatal mice.
Conclusions: Cell culture results were less discriminating but showed promise as potentially being able to be predictive of virulence. Jun oncogene up-regulation in murine cell culture is potentially predictive of Aeromonas virulence.
Significance and Impact of the Study: Having the ability to determine virulence of waterborne pathogens quickly would potentially assist public health officials to rapidly assess exposure risks.
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply Water Resources Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Microbial & Chem Exposure Assessment Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99352 USA.
RP Hayes, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Water Supply Water Resources Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 387, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM hayes.sam@epa.gov
NR 30
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 103
IS 4
BP 811
EP 820
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03318.x
PG 10
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 215QY
UT WOS:000249825300008
PM 17897183
ER
PT J
AU Brown, GS
Betty, RG
Brockmann, JE
Lucero, DA
Souza, CA
Walsh, KS
Boucher, RM
Tezak, MS
Wilson, MC
Rudolph, T
Lindquist, HDA
Martinez, KF
AF Brown, G. S.
Betty, R. G.
Brockmann, J. E.
Lucero, D. A.
Souza, C. A.
Walsh, K. S.
Boucher, R. M.
Tezak, M. S.
Wilson, M. C.
Rudolph, T.
Lindquist, H. D. A.
Martinez, K. F.
TI Evaluation of rayon swab surface sample collection method for Bacillus
spores from nonporous surfaces
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE sample recovery efficiency; spore sampling; surface sampling
ID MICROBIAL-CONTAMINATION; ANTHRACIS
AB Aim: To evaluate US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommended swab surface sample collection method for recovery efficiency and limit of detection for powdered Bacillus spores from nonporous surfaces.
Methods and Results: Stainless steel and painted wallboard surface coupons were seeded with dry aerosolized Bacillus atrophaeus spores and surface concentrations determined. The observed mean rayon swab recovery efficiency from stainless steel was 0.41 with a standard deviation (SD) of +/- 0.17 and for painted wallboard was 0.41 with an SD of +/- 0.23. Evaluation of a sonication extraction method for the rayon swabs produced a mean extraction efficiency of 0.76 with an SD of +/- 0.12. Swab recovery quantitative limits of detection were estimated at 25 colony forming units (CFU) per sample area for both stainless steel and painted wallboard.
Conclusions: The swab sample collection method may be appropriate for small area sampling (10 -25 cm(2)) with a high agent concentration, but has limited value for large surface areas with a low agent concentration. The results of this study provide information necessary for the interpretation of swab environmental sample collection data, that is, positive swab samples are indicative of high surface concentrations and may imply a potential for exposure, whereas negative swab samples do not assure that organisms are absent from the surfaces sampled and may not assure the absence of the potential for exposure.
Significance and Impact of the Study: It is critical from a public health perspective that the information obtained is accurate and reproducible. The consequence of an inappropriate public health response founded on information gathered using an ineffective or unreliable sample collection method has the potential for undesired social and economic impact.
C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
Orion Int Labs, Albuquerque, NM USA.
Amer Staff Augmentat Providers, Albuquerque, NM USA.
Tact Staffing Resources, Albuquerque, NM USA.
US EPA, Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA.
RP Brown, GS (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, POB 5800,MS 0734, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA.
EM gbrown@sandia.gov
NR 21
TC 31
Z9 31
U1 0
U2 9
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 103
IS 4
BP 1074
EP 1080
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03331.x
PG 7
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 215QY
UT WOS:000249825300037
PM 17897212
ER
PT J
AU Rogers, JV
Choi, YW
Richter, WR
Rudnicki, DC
Joseph, DW
Sabourin, CLK
Taylor, ML
Chang, JCS
AF Rogers, J. V.
Choi, Y. W.
Richter, W. R.
Rudnicki, D. C.
Joseph, D. W.
Sabourin, C. L. K.
Taylor, M. L.
Chang, J. C. S.
TI Formaldehyde gas inactivation of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus subtilis,
and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on indoor surface materials
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus subtilis; decontamination; formaldehyde;
Geobacillus stearothermophilus; spores
ID BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINETS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE VAPOR; SPORICIDAL
ACTIVITY; RELATIVE HUMIDITY; HEAT-RESISTANCE; DECONTAMINATION;
SPORULATION; PROTEINS; ACID; STERILIZATION
AB Aims: To evaluate the decontamination of Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus subtilis, and Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores on indoor surface materials using formaldehyde gas.
Methods and Results: B. anthracis, B. subtilis, and G. stearothermophilus spores were dried on seven types of indoor surfaces and exposed to approx. 1100 ppm formaldehyde gas for 10 h. Formaldehyde exposure significantly decreased viable B. anthracis, B. subtilis, and G. stearothermophilus spores on all test materials. Significant differences were observed when comparing the reduction in viable spores of B. anthracis with B. subtilis (galvanized metal and painted wallboard paper) and G. stearothermophilus (industrial carpet and painted wallboard paper). Formaldehyde gas inactivated >= 50% of the biological indicators and spore strips (approx. 1 x 10(6) CFU) when analyzed after 1 and 7 days.
Conclusions: Formaldehyde gas significantly reduced the number of viable spores on both porous and nonporous materials in which the two surrogates exhibited similar log reductions to that of B. anthracis on most test materials.
Significance and Impact of the Study: These results provide new comparative information for the decontamination of B. anthracis spores with surrogates on indoor surfaces using formaldehyde gas.
C1 Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Rogers, JV (reprint author), Battelle Mem Inst, 505 King Ave,JM-7, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
EM rogersjv@battelle.org
NR 35
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 6
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1364-5072
J9 J APPL MICROBIOL
JI J. Appl. Microbiol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 103
IS 4
BP 1104
EP 1112
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03332.x
PG 9
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology
GA 215QY
UT WOS:000249825300040
PM 17897215
ER
PT J
AU Mutlu, GM
Green, D
Bellmeyer, A
Baker, CM
Burgess, Z
Rajamannan, N
Christman, JW
Foiles, N
Kamp, DW
Ghio, AJ
Chandel, NS
Dean, DA
Sznajder, JI
Budinger, GRS
AF Mutlu, Goekhan M.
Green, David
Bellmeyer, Amy
Baker, Christina M.
Burgess, Zach
Rajamannan, Nalini
Christman, John W.
Foiles, Nancy
Kamp, David W.
Ghio, Andrew J.
Chandel, Navdeep S.
Dean, David A.
Sznajder, Jacob I.
Budinger, G. R. Scott
TI Ambient particulate matter accelerates coagulation via an IL-6-dependent
pathway
SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
LA English
DT Article
ID C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; AIR-POLLUTION; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE;
MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; PULMONARY INFLAMMATION;
MEDICARE BENEFICIARIES; PERIPHERAL THROMBOSIS; FACTOR-VIII;
INTERLEUKIN-6
AB The mechanisms by which exposure to particulate matter increases the risk of cardiovascular events are not known. Recent human and animal data suggest that particulate matter may induce alterations in hemostatic factors. In this study we determined the mechanisms by which particulate matter might accelerate thrombosis. We found that mice treated with a dose of well characterized particulate matter of less than 10 mu M in diameter exhibited a shortened bleeding time, decreased prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times (decreased plasma clotting times), increased levels of fibrinogen, and increased activity of factor II, VIII, and X. This prothrombotic tendency was associated with increased generation of intravascular thrombin, an acceleration of arterial thrombosis, and an increase in bronchoalveolar fluid concentration of the prothrombotic cytokine IL-6. Knockout mice lacking IL-6 were protected against particulate matter-induced intravascular thrombin formation and the acceleration of arterial thrombosis. Depletion of macrophages by the intratracheal administration of liposomal clodronate attenuated particulate matter-induced IL-6 production and the resultant prothrombotic tendency. Our findings suggest that exposure to particulate matter triggers IL-6 production by alveolar macrophages, resulting in reduced clotting times, intravascular thrombin formation, and accelerated arterial thrombosis. These results provide a potential mechanism linking ambient particulate matter exposure and thrombotic events.
C1 Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Hematol & Oncol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
Univ Illinois, Sect Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med, Chicago, IL USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Mutlu, GM (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 240 E Huron St,McGaw M-300, Chicago, IL 60611 USA.
EM g-mutlu@northwestern.edu
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [P01 HL071643, HL059956, HL071643, P01 HL071643-030005,
R01 HL059956, R01 HL059956-08]; NIEHS NIH HHS [ES013995, ES015024, R01
ES013995, R01 ES015024]
NR 48
TC 143
Z9 143
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA
SN 0021-9738
J9 J CLIN INVEST
JI J. Clin. Invest.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 117
IS 10
BP 2952
EP 2961
DI 10.1172/JCI30639
PG 10
WC Medicine, Research & Experimental
SC Research & Experimental Medicine
GA 216QP
UT WOS:000249894400026
PM 17885684
ER
PT J
AU Topper, H
AF Topper, Henry Hank
TI US EPA's community action for a renewed environment program and
collaboration with CDC/ATSDR
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US EPA, Community Act Renewed Environm Program, CoChair, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox Subs, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Topper, H (reprint author), US EPA, Community Act Renewed Environm Program, CoChair, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox Subs, 1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM topper.henry@epa.gov
NR 1
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC
PI DENVER
PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA
SN 0022-0892
J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH
JI J. Environ. Health
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 3
BP 56
EP 57
PG 2
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
GA 219QD
UT WOS:000250098800008
PM 17941404
ER
PT J
AU Koehler, DA
Spengler, JD
AF Koehler, Dinah A.
Spengler, John D.
TI The toxic release inventory: Fact or fiction? A case study of the
primary aluminum industry
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
LA English
DT Article
ID ENVIRONMENTAL-REGULATION; INFORMATIONAL REGULATION; UNITED-STATES;
PERFORMANCE; POLLUTION; PROTECTION; EMISSIONS; PARADIGM; HEALTH
AB Since 1989 manufacturing facilities across the USA must report toxic chemical emissions to the EPA's toxic release inventory (TRI). Public release of this information and increased public scrutiny are believed to significantly contribute to the over 45% reduction in toxic chemical releases since inception of the program and to growing support for this type of informational regulation instead of traditional command-and-control. However, prior research indicates a tendency to under-report emissions. We find specific evidence of under-reporting of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) to the TRI by primary aluminum facilities after promulgation of the industry's maximum available control technology (MACT) standard in 1997. We also find evidence of dislocation of emission overseas due to these regulatory requirements. Additionally, changes in energy prices affected aluminum production and further distort reported PAH emissions levels. This suggests the possibility of more widespread under-reporting that is modulated by various factors, including market conditions and new regulations, and which may partially explain the downward trend in TRI emissions. It also suggests that the quality of TRI data may improve once facilities are subject to monitoring of emissions of a TRI listed pollutant due to command-and-control regulation.(c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Univ Penn, Wharton Sch, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA.
RP Koehler, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Res, 8722F,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM Koehler.dinah@epa.gov; spengler@hsph.harvard.edu
NR 51
TC 24
Z9 26
U1 0
U2 7
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0301-4797
EI 1095-8630
J9 J ENVIRON MANAGE
JI J. Environ. Manage.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 85
IS 2
BP 296
EP 307
DI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2006.09.025
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 210ZS
UT WOS:000249494700004
PM 17240526
ER
PT J
AU Varughese, EA
Wymer, LJ
Haugland, RA
AF Varughese, Eunice A.
Wymer, Larry J.
Haugland, Richard A.
TI An integrated culture and real-time PCR method to assess viability of
disinfectant treated Bacillus spores using robotics and the MPN
quantification method
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacillus; disinfection; MPN; robotics; recovery of injured spores
ID QUANTITATIVE PCR; ANTHRACIS CONTAMINATION; SUBTILIS SPORES;
STEAROTHERMOPHILUS; CHLORINATION; INACTIVATION; ENVIRONMENTS; SURFACES;
RECOVERY; SAMPLES
AB Using robotics and the MPN technique, a 96-microwell method was developed to compare two procedures for enumeration of viable chlorine-treated B. atrophaeus spores: broth-culture enrichment followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis; and filter plating on agar. Recoveries of chlorine-treated spores were improved by broth enrichment over filter plating, whereas recoveries of non-treated spores were not different in the two procedures. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varughese, EA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varughese.eunice@epa.gov
NR 27
TC 9
Z9 10
U1 0
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 71
IS 1
BP 66
EP 70
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2007.07.011
PG 5
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 224DL
UT WOS:000250426100010
PM 17804100
ER
PT J
AU Riner, DK
Mullin, AS
Lucas, SY
Cross, JH
Lindquist, HDA
AF Riner, Diana K.
Mullin, Andrew S.
Lucas, Sasha Y.
Cross, John H.
Lindquist, H. D. Alan
TI Enhanced concentration and isolation of Cyclospora cayetanensis oocysts
from human fecal samples
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Cyclospora cayetanensis; detachment solution; flow cytometry;
renocal-sucrose gradient
ID DIAGNOSIS
AB Cyclospora cayetanensis is the causative agent of cyclosporiasis, an emerging infectious disease. We present a new method for the purification of C cayetanensis oocysts from feces using a modified detachment solution and Renocal-sucrose gradient sedimentation. This method yields oocysts free from adherent fecal debris and amenable to processing using flow cytometry. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 US EPA, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Pegasus Tech Serv Inc, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA.
Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA.
RP Lindquist, HDA (reprint author), US EPA, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM lindquist.alan@epa.gov
NR 14
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 71
IS 1
BP 75
EP 77
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2007.06.021
PG 3
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 224DL
UT WOS:000250426100012
PM 17698229
ER
PT J
AU Marczak, ED
Jinsmaa, Y
Li, T
Bryant, SD
Tsuda, Y
Okada, Y
Lazarus, LH
AF Marczak, Ewa D.
Jinsmaa, Yunden
Li, Tingyou
Bryant, Sharon D.
Tsuda, Yuko
Okada, Yoshio
Lazarus, Lawrence H.
TI [N-Allyl-Dmt(1)]-Endomorphins are mu-opioid receptor antagonists lacking
inverse agonist properties
SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT International Narcotics Research Conference
CY JUL 09-14, 2006
CL St Paul, MN
ID BASAL SIGNALING ACTIVITY; ETHANOL-CONSUMPTION; NEUTRAL ANTAGONISTS;
NARCOTIC DEPENDENCE; CHRONIC MORPHINE; KNOCKOUT MICE; UP-REGULATION;
NEURAL CELLS; WILD-TYPE; NALOXONE
AB [N-Allyl- Dmt(1)]-endomorphin-1 and -2 ([N-allyl-Dmt(1)]-EM-1 and -2) are new selective mu-opioid receptor antagonists obtained by N-alkylation with an allyl group on the amino terminus of 2 ', 6 '-dimethyl- L-tyrosine (Dmt) derivatives. To further characterize properties of these compounds, their intrinsic activities were assessed by functional guanosine 5 '-O-(3-[S-35] thiotriphosphate) binding assays and forskolin-stimulated cyclic AMP accumulation in cell membranes obtained from vehicle, morphine, and ethanol-treated SK-N-SH cells and brain membranes isolated from naive and morphine-dependent mice; their mode of action was compared with naloxone or naltrexone, which both are standard nonspecific opioid-receptor antagonists. [N-Allyl-Dmt(1)]-EM-1 and -2 were neutral antagonists under all of the experimental conditions examined, in contrast to naloxone and naltrexone, which behave as neutral antagonists only in membranes from vehicle-treated cells and mice but act as inverse agonists in membranes from morphine- and ethanol-treated cells as well as morphine- treated mice. Both endomorphin analogs inhibited the naloxone- and naltrexone-elicited withdrawal syndromes from acute morphine dependence in mice. This suggests their potential therapeutic application in the treatment of drug addiction and alcohol abuse without the adverse effects observed with inverse agonist alkaloid-derived compounds that produce severe withdrawal symptoms.
C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Pharm, Div Med & Nat Prod Chem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA.
Jilin Univ, Dept Chem, Changchun, Jilin, Peoples R China.
Kobe Gakuin Univ, Dept Med Chem, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 65121, Japan.
Kobe Gakuin Univ, High Technol Res Ctr, Fac Pharmaceut Sci, Kobe, Hyogo 65121, Japan.
RP Marczak, ED (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Med Chem Grp, Lab Pharmacol & Chem, POB 12233,MD C304, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
EM marczake@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 39
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 0
U2 4
PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA
SN 0022-3565
J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER
JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 323
IS 1
BP 374
EP 380
DI 10.1124/jpet.107.125807
PG 7
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 212IF
UT WOS:000249588900042
PM 17626793
ER
PT J
AU Yan, S
Subramanian, SB
Mohammedi, S
Tyagi, RD
Surampalli, RY
Lohani, BN
AF Yan, S.
Subramanian, S. Bala
Mohammedi, S.
Tyagi, R. D.
Surampalli, R. Y.
Lohani, B. N.
TI Wastewater sludge as a raw material for biopesticides production-impact
of seasonal variations
SO JOURNAL OF RESIDUALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
CT IWA Specialist Conference on Facing Sludge Diversities
CY MAR 28-30, 2007
CL Antalya, TURKEY
SP IWA, Dokuz Eylul Univ, Environm Engn Dept, Middle E Tech Univ Turkey
ID THURINGIENSIS-BASED BIOPESTICIDES
AB Wastewater sludge is a very good nutritional source for growth of industrial microorganisms to produce value added products such as Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) based biopesticides. Biopesticides production using synthetic medium is expensive. Therefore sludge (containing high nutritive values) could replace the commercial synthetic medium, which is economical due to low or zero cost of the raw material. Due to extreme seasonal variations in municipal wastewater treatment plants, the sludge characteristics may change and consequently affect the biopesticide yield when sludge is used as a raw material. Therefore, it was essential to study the reproducibility of entomotoxicity and other Bt growth related parameters with seasonal variations of sludge characteristics. Municipal wastewater sludge samples were collected from wastewater treatment plant over a period of one year at different times and were used for the production of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt kurstaki HD-1) based biopesticide in shake flask experiments. The composition of sludge was found to vary during different seasons. The progress of biopesticide production process was studied by measuring total viable cell count (TC), total viable spore count (VS) and entornotoxicity (Tx). The values of TC varied from 6.00E+07 to 2.40E+08 CFU/ml, the generation time changed between 0.8 to 1.3 h and sporulation varied from 80-88%. The entomotoxicity value also varied but the variation was not high. There was no correlation of entomotoxicity with spore or viable cell concentration.
C1 Univ Quebec, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Inst Natl Rech Sci, Quebec City, PQ GIK 9A9, Canada.
US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
Asian Dev Bank, Manila, Philippines.
RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Ctr Eau Terre & Environm, Inst Natl Rech Sci, 490 Couronne, Quebec City, PQ GIK 9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 11
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC
PI LANCASTER
PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA
SN 1544-8053
J9 J RESIDUALS SCI TECH
JI J. Residuals Sci. Technol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 4
IS 4
BP 179
EP 184
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental
SC Engineering
GA 232EI
UT WOS:000251000700004
ER
PT J
AU Bouali, H
Nietert, P
Nowling, TM
Pandey, J
Dooley, MA
Cooper, G
Harley, J
Kamen, DL
Oates, J
Gilkeson, G
AF Bouali, Henda
Nietert, Paul
Nowling, Tamara M.
Pandey, Janardan
Dooley, Mary Anne
Cooper, Glinda
Harley, John
Kamen, Diane L.
Oates, Jim
Gilkeson, Gary
TI Association of the G-463A myeloperoxidase gene polymorphism with renal
disease in African Americans with systemic lupus erythematosus
SO JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE systemic lupus erythematosus; myeloperoxidase; polymorphism; African
American; lupus nephritis
ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISMS; RISK; MICE; DNA;
ATHEROSCLEROSIS; PEROXIDASES; EXPRESSION; KIDNEY; MPO
AB Objective. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is an enzyme expressed in neutrophils that is involved in tissue damage in inflammatory renal diseases. A functional G to A single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is present at position -463 of the MPO promoter region and is associated with altered MPO expression. We hypothesized that the G-463A MPO SNP is a risk factor for developing lupus nephritis (LN) due to its potential influence on the inflammatory response.
Methods. DNA from 229 patients with SLE and 277 controls from the Carolina Lupus cohort, 58 African American patients from the Sea Island Lupus Cohort, and 51 African American patients from the Lupus Multiplex Registry and Repository were genotyped by PCR. A linear regression model was used to examine relationships between the MPO genotype, case/control status, demographic characteristics, and LN.
Results. There was no association of MPO genotype with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, the odds of developing LN were significantly higher among those with an A allele, compared to those without, in African American cases of all 3 cohorts. When the likelihood of developing LN was compared across MPO genotypes, the risk of developing LN was significantly higher among cases with a GA genotype versus GG (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.12 to 3.97) and even higher with AA versus GG (OR 3.52, 95% CI 1.41 to 8.77).
Conclusion. While the G-463A MPO SNP is not a risk factor for developing SLE, the low expressing A allele is a significant risk factor for developing LN that is gene dosage-dependent in African Americans.
C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Affiliated Hosp, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Oklahoma Med Res Fdn, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA.
Ralph H Johnson VA Med Ctr, Charleston, SC USA.
RP Gilkeson, G (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Rheumatol, 96 Jonathan Lucas St,Suite 912,POB 250623, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
EM gilkeson@musc.edu
OI Nietert, Paul/0000-0002-3933-4986
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR001070-280263, M01 RR001070-220263, M01
RR001070-25A10263, M01 RR001070-240263, M01 RR001070, M01
RR001070-24S50263, M01 RR001070-25A1S20263, M01 RR001070-230263, M01
RR001070-260263, M01 RR001070-270263, M01 RR001070-25A1S10263]; NIAMS
NIH HHS [P60 AR049459, AR47469, P30 AR053483]
NR 49
TC 15
Z9 18
U1 0
U2 0
PU J RHEUMATOL PUBL CO
PI TORONTO
PA 920 YONGE ST, SUITE 115, TORONTO, ONTARIO M4W 3C7, CANADA
SN 0315-162X
J9 J RHEUMATOL
JI J. Rheumatol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 34
IS 10
BP 2028
EP 2034
PG 7
WC Rheumatology
SC Rheumatology
GA 217OB
UT WOS:000249956100015
PM 17896805
ER
PT J
AU Jones, SE
Axelrad, R
Wattigney, WA
AF Jones, Sherry Everett
Axelrad, Robert
Wattigney, Wendy A.
TI Healthy and safe school environment, part II, physical school
environment: Results from the school health policies and programs study
2006
SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
ID CLASSROOM FLOORS; ALLERGENS; ASTHMA; DUST; MITE; DAMPNESS; CHILDREN;
SYSTEM; MOLD; AIR
AB BACKGROUND: As society continues to focus on the importance of academic achievement, the physical environment of schools should be addressed as 1 of the critical factors that influence academic outcomes. The School Health Policies and Programs Study (SHPPS) 2006 provides, for the first time, a comprehensive look at the extent to which schools have health-promoting physical school environment policies and programs.
METHODS: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducts the SHPPS every 6 years. In 2006, computer-assisted telephone interviews or self-administered mail questionnaires were completed by state education agency personnel in all 50 states and the District of Columbia and among a nationally representative sample of school districts (n = 424). Computer-assisted personal interviews were conducted with personnel in a nationally representative sample of elementary, middle, and high schools (n = 992).
RESULTS: One third (35.4%) of districts and 51.4% of schools had an indoor air quality management program; 35.3% of districts had a school bus engine-idling reduction program; most districts and schools had a policy or plan for how to use, label, store, dispose of, and reduce the use of hazardous materials; 24.5% of states required districts or schools to follow an integrated pest management program; and 13.4% of districts had a policy to include green design when building new school buildings or renovating existing buildings.
CONCLUSIONS: SHPPS 2006 results can guide education and health agency actions in developing and implementing evidence-based tools, policies, programs, and interventions to ensure a safe and healthy physical school environment.
C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
US EPA, Off Air & Radiat, Indoor Environm Div 6609J, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Agcy Toxis Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS-K33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
EM sce2@cdc.gov; axelrad.bob@epa.gov; wwattigney@cdc.gov
NR 69
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 10
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0022-4391
J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH
JI J. Sch. Health
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 77
IS 8
BP 544
EP 556
DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2007.00234.x
PG 13
WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines;
Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health
SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services;
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 215RC
UT WOS:000249825700010
PM 17908107
ER
PT J
AU Chow, JC
Watson, JG
Feldman, HJ
Nolen, JE
Wallerstein, B
Hidy, GM
Lioy, PJ
Mckee, H
Mobley, D
Baugues, K
Bachmann, JD
AF Chow, Judith C.
Watson, John G.
Feldman, Howard J.
Nolen, Janice E.
Wallerstein, Barry
Hidy, George M.
Lioy, Paul J.
Mckee, Herbert
Mobley, David
Baugues, Keith
Bachmann, John D.
TI Will the circle be unbroken: A history of the US national ambient air
quality standards
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
ID EASTERN UNITED-STATES; STATIONARY SOURCES; ENVIRONMENTAL-IMPACT; SIZE
DISTRIBUTION; POLLUTION CONTROL; OZONE PRECURSORS; DIESEL-ENGINES;
EMISSION; HEALTH; LINES
C1 Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
American Petroleum Inst, Washington, DC USA.
Amer Lung Assoc, Raleigh, NC USA.
S Coast Air Quality Management Dist, Diamond Bar, CA USA.
Envair Aerochem, Placitas, NM USA.
Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Rutgers Univ, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Piscataway, NJ USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
KERAMIDA Environm, Indianapolis, IN USA.
Vis Air Consulting, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Chow, JC (reprint author), Univ Nevada, Desert Res Inst, Reno, NV 89506 USA.
RI Watson, John/E-6869-2010; Lioy, Paul/F-6148-2011
OI Watson, John/0000-0002-1752-6899;
NR 122
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 11
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 57
IS 10
BP 1151
EP 1163
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.57.10.1151
PG 13
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 220MK
UT WOS:000250160600001
PM 17972760
ER
PT J
AU Lough, GC
Christensen, CG
Schauer, JJ
Tortorelli, J
Mani, E
Lawson, DR
Clark, NN
Gabele, PA
AF Lough, Glynis C.
Christensen, Charles G.
Schauer, James J.
Tortorelli, James
Mani, Erin
Lawson, Douglas R.
Clark, Nigel N.
Gabele, Peter A.
TI Development of molecular marker source profiles for emissions from
on-road gasoline and diesel vehicle fleets
SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
ID AIR-POLLUTION SOURCES; PARTICULATE MATTER; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
MOTOR-VEHICLES; EXHAUST; AEROSOL; CARBON; TRUCKS; PHASE; RATES
AB As part of the Gasoline/Diesel PM Split Study, relatively large fleets of gasoline vehicles(53) and diesel vehicles(34) were tested on a chassis dynamometer to develop chemical source profiles for source attribution of atmospheric particulate matter in California's South Coast Air Basin. Gasoline vehicles were tested in cold-start and warm-start conditions, and diesel vehicles were tested through several driving cycles. Tailpipe emissions of particulate matter were analyzed for organic tracer compounds, including hopanes, steranes, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Large intervehicle variation was seen in emission rate and composition, and results were averaged to examine the impacts of vehicle ages, weight classes, and driving cycles on the variation. Average profiles, weighted by mass emission rate, had much lower uncertainty than that associated with intervehicle variation. Mass emission rates and elemental carbon/organic carbon (EC/OC) ratios for gasoline vehicle age classes were influenced most by use of cold-start or warm-start driving cycle (factor of 2-7). Individual smoker vehicles had a large range of mass and EC/OC (factors of 40 and 625, respectively). Gasoline vehicle age averages, data on vehicle ages and miles traveled in the area, and several assumptions about smoker contributions were used to create emissions profiles representative of on-road vehicle fleets in the Los Angeles area in 2001. In the representative gasoline fleet profiles, variation was further reduced, with cold-start or warm-start and the representation of smoker vehicles making a difference of approximately a factor of two in mass emission rate and EC/OC. Diesel vehicle profiles were created on the basis of vehicle age, weight class, and driving cycle. Mass emission rate and EC/OC for diesel averages were influenced by vehicle age (factor of 2-5), weight class (factor of 2-7), and driving cycle (factor of 10-20). Absolute and relative emissions of molecular marker compounds showed levels of variation similar to those of mass and EC/OC.
C1 Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI USA.
Natl Renewable Energy Lab, Golden, CO USA.
W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Schauer, JJ (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705 USA.
EM jjschauer@wisc.edu
OI Lough, Glynis/0000-0002-9152-6520
NR 21
TC 72
Z9 72
U1 9
U2 39
PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC
PI PITTSBURGH
PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA
SN 1047-3289
J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE
JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 57
IS 10
BP 1190
EP 1199
DI 10.3155/1047-3289.57.10.1190
PG 10
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology &
Atmospheric Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric
Sciences
GA 220MK
UT WOS:000250160600005
PM 17972764
ER
PT J
AU Mohamoud, YM
AF Mohamoud, Yusuf M.
TI Enhancing hydrological simulation program - FORTRAN model channel
hydraulic representation
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE channel hydraulic representation; hydraulic processes; flow velocity;
sediment modeling; Manning roughness; FTABLE
ID NORTH REELFOOT CREEK; RIVER-BASIN; HSPF; TRANSPORT; SWAT
AB The hydrological simulation program - FORTRAN ( HSPF) is a comprehensive watershed model that employs depth- area- volume- flow relationships known as the hydraulic function table ( FTABLE) to represent the hydraulic characteristics of stream channel cross- sections and reservoirs. An accurate FTABLE determination for a stream cross- section site requires an accurate determination of mean flow depth, mean flow width, roughness coefficient, longitudinal bed slope, and length of stream reach. A method that uses regional regression equations to estimate mean flow depth, mean flow width, and roughness coefficient is presented herein. FTABLES generated by the proposed method ( Alternative Method) and FTABLES generated by Better Assessment Science Integrating Point and Nonpoint Sources ( BASINS) were compared. As a result, the Alternative Method was judged to be an enhancement over the BASINS method. First, the Alternative Method employs a spatially variable roughness coefficient, whereas BASINS employs an arbitrarily selected spatially uniform roughness coefficient. Second, the Alternative Method uses mean flow width and mean flow depth estimated from regional regression equations whereas BASINS uses mean flow width and depth extracted from the National Hydrography Dataset ( NHD). Third, the Alternative Method offers an option to use separate roughness coefficients for the in- channel and floodplain sections of compound channels. Fourth, the Alternative Method has higher resolution in the sense that area, volume, and flow data are calculated at smaller depth intervals than the BASINS method. To test whether the Alternative Method enhances channel hydraulic representation over the BASINS method, comparisons of observed and simulated streamflow, flow velocity, and suspended sediment were made for four test watersheds. These comparisons revealed that the method used to estimate the FTABLE has little influence on hydrologic calibration, but greatly influences hydraulic and suspended sediment calibration. The hydrologic calibration results showed that observed versus simulated daily streamflow comparisons had Nash- Sutcliffe efficiencies ranging from 0.50 to 0.61 and monthly comparisons had efficiencies ranging from 0.61 to 0.84. Comparisons of observed and simulated suspended sediments concentrations had model efficiencies ranging from 0.48 to 0.56 for the daily, and 0.28 to 0.70 for the monthly comparisons. The overall results of the hydrological, hydraulic, and suspended sediment concentration comparisons show that the Alternative Method yielded a relatively more accurate FTABLE than the BASINS method. This study concludes that hydraulic calibration enhances suspended sediment simulation performance, but even greater improvement in suspended sediment calibration can be achieved when hydrological simulation performance is improved. Any improvements in hydrological simulation performance are subject to improvements in the temporal and spatial representation of the precipitation data.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Mohamoud, YM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 960 Coll Rd, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM mohamoud.yusuf@epa.gov
NR 29
TC 3
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 5
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 43
IS 5
BP 1280
EP 1292
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00113.x
PG 13
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 210XI
UT WOS:000249488500017
ER
PT J
AU Faustini, JM
Kaufmann, PR
AF Faustini, John M.
Kaufmann, Philip R.
TI Adequacy of visually classified particle count statistics from regional
stream habitat surveys
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE aquatic habitat; streambed sediment; monitoring; pebble counts; visual
classification; sampling precision
ID FINE SEDIMENT; PEBBLE COUNTS; BED-LOAD; RIVERS; SALMONIDS; PROGRAMS;
SURVIVAL; CHANNELS; EROSION; QUALITY
AB Streamlined sampling procedures must be used to achieve a sufficient sample size with limited resources in studies undertaken to evaluate habitat status and potential management- related habitat degradation at a regional scale. At the same time, these sampling procedures must achieve sufficient precision to answer science and policy- relevant questions with an acceptable and statistically quantifiable level of uncertainty. In this paper, we examine precision and sources of error in streambed substrate characterization using data from the Environmental Monitoring and Assessment Program ( EMAP) of the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, which uses a modified "pebble count'' method in which particle sizes are visually estimated rather than measured. While the coarse ( 2 phi) size classes used in EMAP have little effect on the precision of estimated geometric mean ( D-gm) or median ( D-50) particle diameter, variable classification bias among observers can contribute as much as 0.3 phi, or about 15-20%, to the root- mean- square error (RMSE) of D-gm or D-50 estimates. D-gm and D-50 estimates based on EMAP data are nearly equal when fine sediments (< 2 mm) are excluded, but otherwise can differ by up to a factor of 2 or more, with D-gm < D-50 for gravel- bed streams. The RMSE of reach- scale particle size estimates based on visually classified particle count data from EMAP surveys, including variability associated with reoccupying unmarked sample reaches during revisits, is up to five to seven times higher than that reported for traditional measured pebble counts by multiple observers at a plot scale. Nonetheless, a variance partitioning analysis shows that the ratio of among site to revisit variance for several EMAP substrate metrics exceeds 8 for many potential regions of interest, suggesting that the data have adequate precision to be useful in regional assessments of channel morphology, habitat quality, or ecological condition.
C1 Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Western Ecol Div, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Faustini, JM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Dept Fisheries & Wildlife, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
EM faustini.john@epa.gov
RI Faustini, John/A-8378-2009
NR 59
TC 23
Z9 24
U1 1
U2 12
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1093-474X
J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS
JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 43
IS 5
BP 1293
EP 1315
DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2007.00114.x
PG 23
WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources
GA 210XI
UT WOS:000249488500018
ER
PT J
AU Melendi, GA
Zavala, F
Buchholz, UJ
Boivin, G
Collins, PL
Kleeberger, SR
Polack, FP
AF Melendi, Guillermina A.
Zavala, Fidel
Buchholz, Ursula J.
Boivin, Guy
Collins, Peter L.
Kleeberger, Steven R.
Polack, Fernando P.
TI Mapping and characterization of the primary and anamnestic
H-2(d)-restricted cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte response in mice against human
metapneumovirus
SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; PRIMARY INFECTION; TRACT DISEASE; BALB/C
MICE; PROTEIN; EPITOPE; CELLS; IMMUNIZATION; PATHOGENESIS; ANTIBODIES
AB Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) are important for the control of virus replication during respiratory infections. For human metapneumovirus (hMPV), an H-2(d) -restricted CTL epitope in the M2-2 protein has been described. In this study, we screened the hMPV F, G, N, M, M2-1, and M2-2 proteins using three independent algorithms to predict H-2(d) CTL epitopes in BALB/c mice. A dominant epitope (GYIDDNQSI) in positions 81 to 89 of the antitermination factor M2-1 and a subdominant epitope (SPKAGLLSL) in N307-315 were detected during the anti-hMPV CTL response. Passive transfer of CD8(+) T-cell lines against M2-1(81-89) and N307-315 protected Ragl(-/-) mice against hMPV challenge. Interestingly, diversification of CTL targets to include multiple epitopes was observed after repetitive infections. A subdominant response against the previously described M2-2 epitope was detected after the third infection. An understanding of the CTL response against hMPV is important for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies against the virus.
C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Fdn INFANT, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol, Baltimore, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA.
Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA.
NIH, NIAID, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Univ Quebec, Cent Hosp, Res Ctr Infect Dis, Quebec City, PQ, Canada.
NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Polack, FP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, 615 N Wolfe St,E5202, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA.
EM fpolick@jhsph.edu
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI054952, AI-054952, R21
AI054952]
NR 28
TC 16
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA
SN 0022-538X
J9 J VIROL
JI J. Virol.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 81
IS 20
BP 11461
EP 11467
DI 10.1128/JVI.02423-06
PG 7
WC Virology
SC Virology
GA 218MK
UT WOS:000250019400059
PM 17670840
ER
PT J
AU Lorber, M
Gibb, H
Grant, L
Pinto, J
Pleil, J
Cleverly, D
AF Lorber, Matthew
Gibb, Herman
Grant, Lester
Pinto, Joseph
Pleil, Joachim
Cleverly, David
TI Assessment of inhalation exposures and potential health risks to the
general population that resulted from the collapse of the World Trade
Center towers
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE inhalation exposure; risk assessment; World Trade Center
ID TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; CENTER DISASTER; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; LOWER
MANHATTAN; CENTER SITE; FIREFIGHTERS; DIOXINS; COUGH; FIRE; AIR
AB In the days following the collapse of the World Trade Center (WTC) towers on September 11, 2001 (9/11), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) initiated numerous air monitoring activities to better understand the ongoing impact of emissions from that disaster. Using these data, EPA conducted an inhalation exposure and human health risk assessment to the general population. This assessment does not address exposures and potential impacts that could have occurred to rescue workers, firefighters, and other site workers, nor does it address exposures that could have occurred in the indoor environment. Contaminants evaluated include particulate matter (PM), metals, polychlorinated biphenyls, dioxins, asbestos, volatile organic compounds, particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, silica, and synthetic vitreous fibers (SVFs). This evaluation yielded three principal findings. (1) Persons exposed to extremely high levels of ambient PM and its components, SVFs, and other contaminants during the collapse of the WTC towers, and for several hours afterward, were likely to be at risk for acute and potentially chronic respiratory effects. (2) Available data suggest that contaminant concentrations within and near ground zero (GZ) remained significantly elevated above background levels for a few days after 9/11. Because only limited data on these critical few days were available, exposures and potential health impacts could not be evaluated with certainty for this time period. (3) Except for inhalation exposures that may have occurred on 9/11 and a few days afterward, the ambient air concentration data suggest that persons in the general population were unlikely to suffer short-term or long-term adverse health effects caused by inhalation exposures. While this analysis by EPA evaluated the potential for health impacts based on measured air concentrations, epidemiological studies conducted by organizations other than EPA have attempted to identify actual impacts. Such studies have identified respiratory effects in worker and general populations, and developmental effects in newborns whose mothers were near GZ on 9/11 or shortly thereafter. While researchers are not able to identify specific times and even exactly which contaminants are the cause of these effects, they have nonetheless concluded that exposure to WTC contaminants (and/or maternal stress, in the case of developmental effects) resulted in these effects, and have identified the time period including 9/11 itself and the days and few weeks afterward as a period of most concern based on high concentrations of key pollutants in the air and dust.
C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Sci Int, Alexandria, VA 22314 USA.
Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Lorber, M (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM lorber.matthew@epa.gov
OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796
NR 42
TC 27
Z9 28
U1 1
U2 13
PU WILEY-BLACKWELL
PI MALDEN
PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1203
EP 1221
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2007.00956.x
PG 19
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA 237ZU
UT WOS:000251417000012
PM 18076491
ER
PT J
AU Subramaniam, RP
Crump, KS
Van Landingham, C
White, P
Chen, C
Schlosser, PM
AF Subramaniam, Ravi P.
Crump, Kenny S.
Van Landingham, Cynthia
White, Paul
Chen, Chao
Schlosser, Paul M.
TI Uncertainties in the CIIT model for formaldehyde-induced carcinogenicity
in the rat: A limited sensitivity analysis-I
SO RISK ANALYSIS
LA English
DT Article
DE cell replication; DNA protein cross-links; formaldehyde; mutation;
two-stage model
ID PROTEIN CROSS-LINKS; CLONAL EXPANSION MODEL; INHALED FORMALDEHYDE;
LONG-TERM; CELL-PROLIFERATION; FLUX PREDICTIONS; RISK-ASSESSMENT;
CANCER; INHALATION; TOXICITY
AB Scientists at the CIIT Centers for Health Research (Conolly et al., 2000, 2003; Kimbell et al., 2001a, 2001b) developed a two-stage clonal expansion model of formaldehyde-induced nasal cancers in the F344 rat that made extensive use of mechanistic information. An inference of their modeling approach was that formaldehyde-induced tumorigenicity could be optimally explained without the role of formaldehyde's mutagenic action. In this article, we examine the strength of this result and modify select features to examine the sensitivity of the predicted dose response to select assumptions. We implement solutions to the two-stage cancer model that are valid for nonhomogeneous models (i.e., models with time-dependent parameters), thus accounting for time dependence in variables. In this reimplementation, we examine the sensitivity of model predictions to pooling historical and concurrent control data, and to lumping sacrificed animals in which tumors were discovered incidentally with those in which death was caused by the tumors. We found the CIIT model results were not significantly altered with the nonhomogeneous solutions. Dose-response predictions below the range of exposures where tumors occurred in the bioassays were highly sensitive to the choice of control data. In the range of exposures where tumors were observed, the model attributed up to 74% of the added tumor probability to formaldehyde's mutagenic action when our reanalysis restricted the use of the National Toxicology Program (NTP) historical control data to only those obtained from inhalation exposures. Model results were insensitive to hourly or daily temporal variations in DNA protein cross-link (DPX) concentration, a surrogate for the dose-metric linked to formaldehyde-induced mutations, prompting us to utilize weekly averages for this quantity. Various other biological and mathematical uncertainties in the model have been retained unmodified in this analysis. These include model specification of initiated cell division and death rates, and uncertainty and variability in the dose response for cell replication rates, issues that will be considered in a future paper.
C1 US EPA, NCEA, ORD, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
ENVIRON Int Corp, Monroe, LA USA.
RP Subramaniam, RP (reprint author), US EPA, NCEA, ORD, Mailcode 8623-D,1200 Penn Ave NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM Subrama-niam.Ravi@epa.gov
OI Schlosser, Paul/0000-0002-9699-9108
NR 47
TC 15
Z9 15
U1 0
U2 2
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0272-4332
J9 RISK ANAL
JI Risk Anal.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 27
IS 5
BP 1237
EP 1254
DI 10.1111/j.1539-6924.2007.00968.x
PG 18
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics,
Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical
Methods In Social Sciences
GA 237ZU
UT WOS:000251417000014
PM 18076493
ER
PT J
AU Kan, HD
Heiss, G
Rose, KM
Whitsel, E
Lurmann, F
London, SJ
AF Kan, Haidong
Heiss, Gerardo
Rose, Kathryn M.
Whitsel, Eric
Lurmann, Fred
London, Stephanie J.
TI Traffic exposure and lung function in adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk
in Communities study
SO THORAX
LA English
DT Article
ID URBAN AIR-POLLUTION; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS;
AUTOMOBILE EXHAUST; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA;
NITROGEN-DIOXIDE; CHILDREN; HEALTH; SMOKING
AB Background: Traffic exposure is a major contributor to ambient air pollution for people living close to busy roads. The relationship between traffic exposure and lung function remains inconclusive in adults.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the association between traffic exposure and lung function in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, a community based cohort of 15 792 middle aged men and women. Traffic density and distance to major roads were used as measures of traffic exposure.
Results: After controlling for potential confounders including demographic factors, personal and neighbourhood level socioeconomic characteristics, cigarette smoking and background air pollution, higher traffic density was significantly associated with lower forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) in women. Relative to the lowest quartile of traffic density, the adjusted differences across increasing quartiles were 5.1, -15.4 and -21.5 ml for FEV(1) (p value of linear trend across the quartiles = 0.041) and 1.2, -23.4 and -34.8 ml for FVC (p trend = 0.010). Using distance from major roads as a simpler index of traffic related air pollution exposure, the FEV(1) was -15.7 ml (95% CI -34.4 to 2.9) lower and the FVC was -24.2 ml (95% CI -46.2 to -2.3) lower for women living within 150 m compared with subjects living further away. There was no significant effect of traffic density or distance to major roads on lung function in men. The FEV(1)/FVC ratio was not significantly associated with traffic exposure in either men or women.
Conclusions: This is the largest published study of traffic exposure and pulmonary function in adults to date. These results add to growing evidence that chronic exposure to traffic related air pollution may adversely affect respiratory health.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Sonoma Technol Inc, Petaluma, CA USA.
RP London, SJ (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM london2@niehs.nih.gov
OI London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES043012-09]; NHLBI NIH HHS [N01-HC-55019, N01
HC55015, N01 HC55016, N01 HC55018, N01 HC55019, N01 HC55020, N01
HC55021, N01 HC55022, N01-HC-55015, N01-HC-55016, N01-HC-55018,
N01-HC-55020, N01-HC-55021, N01-HC-55022]; NIEHS NIH HHS [Z01 ES043012]
NR 59
TC 58
Z9 64
U1 1
U2 12
PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP
PI LONDON
PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND
SN 0040-6376
J9 THORAX
JI Thorax
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 62
IS 10
BP 873
EP 879
DI 10.1136/thx.2006.073015
PG 7
WC Respiratory System
SC Respiratory System
GA 216HE
UT WOS:000249868300009
PM 17442705
ER
PT J
AU Lau, C
Anitole, K
Hodes, C
Lai, D
Pfahles-Hutchens, A
Seed, J
AF Lau, Christopher
Anitole, Katherine
Hodes, Colette
Lai, David
Pfahles-Hutchens, Andrea
Seed, Jennifer
TI Perfluoroalkyl acids: A review of monitoring and toxicological findings
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Review
DE perfluoroalkyl acids; PFOS; biomonitoring
ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONIC-ACID; PERFLUORINATED FATTY-ACIDS; ACTIVATED
RECEPTOR-ALPHA; BEARS URSUS-MARITIMUS; CARBON-CHAIN LENGTH; JUNCTIONAL
INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION; FLUOROTELOMER ALCOHOL BIODEGRADATION;
HEPATIC PEROXISOME PROLIFERATION; IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
MAMMARY-GLAND DEVELOPMENT
AB In recent years, human and wildlife monitoring studies have identified perfluoroalkyl acids ( PFAA) worldwide. This has led to efforts to better understand the hazards that may be inherent in these compounds, as well as the global distribution of the PFAAs. Much attention has focused on understanding the toxicology of the two most widely known PFAAs, perfluorooctanoic acid, and perfluorooctane sulfate. More recently, research was extended to other PFAAs. There has been substantial progress in understanding additional aspects of the toxicology of these compounds, particularly related to the developmental toxicity, immunotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and the potential modes of action. This review provides an overview of the recent advances in the toxicology and mode of action for PFAAs, and of the monitoring data now available for the environment, wildlife, and humans. Several avenues of research are proposed that would further our understanding of this class of compounds.
C1 US EPA 7403M, Risk Assessment Div, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Seed, J (reprint author), US EPA 7403M, Risk Assessment Div, Off Pollut Prevent & Tox, 1200 Penn Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM jennifer@epa.gov
NR 292
TC 995
Z9 1050
U1 58
U2 427
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 2
BP 366
EP 394
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm128
PG 29
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 216NW
UT WOS:000249885900002
PM 17519394
ER
PT J
AU Barton, HA
Chiu, WA
Setzer, RW
Andersen, ME
Bailer, AJ
Bois, FY
Dewoskin, RS
Hays, S
Johanson, G
Jones, N
Loizou, G
MacPhail, RC
Portier, CJ
Spendiff, M
Tan, YM
AF Barton, Hugh A.
Chiu, Weihsueh A.
Setzer, R. Woodrow
Andersen, Melvin E.
Bailer, A. John
Bois, Frederic Y.
DeWoskin, Robert S.
Hays, Sean
Johanson, Gunnar
Jones, Nancy
Loizou, George
MacPhail, Robert C.
Portier, Christopher J.
Spendiff, Martin
Tan, Yu-Mei
TI Characterizing uncertainty and variability in physiologically based
pharmacokinetic models: State of the science and needs for research and
implementation
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling; uncertainty; population
variability; nonlinear modeling; risk assessment; Bayesian models
ID RISK-ASSESSMENT; SENSITIVITY-ANALYSIS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; METABOLISM;
TOXICOKINETICS; COEFFICIENTS; SIMULATION; DIAZEPAM; EXERCISE; CHLORIDE
AB Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models are used in mode-of-action based risk and safety assessments to estimate internal dosimetry in animals and humans. When used in risk assessment, these models can provide a basis for extrapolating between species, doses, and exposure routes or for justifying nondefault values for uncertainty factors. Characterization of uncertainty and variability is increasingly recognized as important for risk assessment; this represents a continuing challenge for both PBPK modelers and users. Current practices show significant progress in specifying deterministic biological models and nondeterministic (often statistical) models, estimating parameters using diverse data sets from multiple sources, using them to make predictions, and characterizing uncertainty and variability of model parameters and predictions. The International Workshop on Uncertainty and Variability in PBPK Models, held 31 Oct-2 Nov 2006, identified the state-of-the-science, needed changes in practice and implementation, and research priorities. For the short term, these include (1) multidisciplinary teams to integrate deterministic and nondeterministic/statistical models; (2) broader use of sensitivity analyses, including for structural and global (rather than local) parameter changes; and (3) enhanced transparency and reproducibility through improved documentation of model structure(s), parameter values, sensitivity and other analyses, and supporting, discrepant, or excluded data. Longer-term needs include (1) theoretical and practical methodological improvements for nondeterministic/statistical modeling; (2) better methods for evaluating alternative model structures; (3) peer-reviewed databases of parameters and covariates, and their distributions; (4) expanded coverage of PBPK models across chemicals with different properties; and (5) training and reference materials, such as cases studies, bibliographies/glossaries, model repositories, and enhanced software. The multidisciplinary dialogue initiated by this Workshop will foster the collaboration, research, data collection, and training necessary to make characterizing uncertainty and variability a standard practice in PBPK modeling and risk assessment. Key Words: physiologically based pharmacokinetic modeling; uncertainty; population variability; nonlinear modeling; risk assessment; Bayesian models.
C1 US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, ORD, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, ORD, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Miami Univ, Oxford, OH 45056 USA.
Unite Toxicol Expt, Natl Environm Ind & Risques, F-60550 Vernuil En Halatte, France.
Summit Toxicol, Lyons, CO 80540 USA.
Karolinska Inst, Stockholm, Sweden.
EC R Inc, Chapel Hill, NC 27517 USA.
Hlth & Safety Lab, Buxton S17 9JN, England.
US EPA, ORD, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Barton, HA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, ORD, B205-01,109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM barton.hugh@epa.gov
RI Portier, Christopher/A-3160-2010; Bois, Frederic/E-9241-2012;
OI Portier, Christopher/0000-0002-0954-0279; Bois,
Frederic/0000-0002-4154-0391; Andersen, Melvin/0000-0002-3894-4811;
Johanson, Gunnar/0000-0002-8759-9567
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 40
TC 64
Z9 64
U1 0
U2 26
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 2
BP 395
EP 402
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm100
PG 8
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 216NW
UT WOS:000249885900003
PM 17483121
ER
PT J
AU Leavens, TL
Blount, BC
DeMarini, DM
Madden, MC
Valentine, JL
Case, MW
Silva, LK
Warren, SH
Hanley, NM
Pegram, RA
AF Leavens, Teresa L.
Blount, Benjamin C.
DeMarini, David M.
Madden, Michael C.
Valentine, John L.
Case, Martin W.
Silva, Lalith K.
Warren, Sarah H.
Hanley, Nancy M.
Pegram, Rex A.
TI Disposition of bromodichloromethane in humans following oral and dermal
exposure
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE bromodichloromethane; pharmacokinetics; dermal absorption; oral
absorption
ID CHLORINATION BY-PRODUCTS; DRINKING-WATER SOURCE; TAP WATER;
TRIHALOMETHANE LEVELS; TRANSFERASE-THETA; MASS-SPECTROMETRY;
BLADDER-CANCER; TREATED WATER; BUTYL ETHER; GLUTATHIONE
AB Exposure to bromodichloromethane (BDCM), one of the most prevalent disinfection byproducts in drinking water, can occur via ingestion of water and by dermal absorption and inhalation during activities such as bathing and showering. The objectives of this research were to assess BDCM pharmacokinetics in human volunteers exposed percutaneously and orally to (13)C-BDCM and to evaluate factors that could affect disposition of BDCM. Among study subjects, CYP2E1 activity varied fourfold; 20% had the glutathione S-transferase theta 1-1 homozygous null genotype; and body fat ranged from 7 to 22%. Subjects were exposed to (13)C-BDCM in water (target concentration of 36 mu g/l) via ingestion and by forearm submersion. Blood was collected for up to 24 h and analyzed for (13)C-BDCM by solid-phase microextraction and high-resolution GC-MS. Urine was collected before and after exposure for mutagenicity determinations in Salmonella. After ingestion (mean dose 5 146 ng/kg), blood (13)C-BDCM concentrations peaked and declined rapidly, returning to levels near or below the limit of detection (LOD) within 4 h. The T(max) for the oral exposure ranged from 5 to 30 min, and the C(max) ranged from 0.4 to 4.1 ng/l. After the 1 h dermal exposure (estimated mean dose 5 155 ng/kg), blood concentrations of (13)C-BDCM ranged from 39 to 170 ng/l and decreased to levels near or below the LOD by 24 h. Peak postdose urine mutagenicity levels that were at least twice that of the predose mean level occurred in 6 of 10 percutaneously exposed subjects and 3 of 8 orally exposed subjects. These results demonstrate a highly significant contribution of dermal absorption to circulating levels of BDCM and confirm the much lower oral contribution, indicating that water uses involving dermal contact can lead to much greater systemic BDCM doses than water ingestion. These data will facilitate development and validation of physiologically based pharmacokinetic models for BDCM in humans.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, NHEERL, Human Studies Div, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA.
US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Div Environm Carcinogenesis, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, ORD, NHEERL, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Pegram, RA (reprint author), Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM pegram.rex@epa.gov
NR 62
TC 36
Z9 37
U1 3
U2 11
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 2
BP 432
EP 445
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm190
PG 14
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 216NW
UT WOS:000249885900007
PM 17656487
ER
PT J
AU Boyes, WK
Bercegeay, M
Krantz, QT
Kenyon, EM
Bale, AS
Shafer, TJ
Bushnell, PJ
Benignus, VA
AF Boyes, William K.
Bercegeay, Mark
Krantz, Quentin Todd
Kenyon, Elaina M.
Bale, Ambuja S.
Shafer, Timothy J.
Bushnell, Philip J.
Benignus, Vernon A.
TI Acute toluene exposure and rat visual function in proportion to
momentary brain concentration
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE neurotoxicity; PBPK model; volatile organic compound; organic solvent;
visual evoked potential
ID VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PHARMACOKINETIC MODEL; TRICHLOROETHYLENE
TCE; REPEATED INHALATION; EVOKED-POTENTIALS; IN-VITRO; TOLERANCE; ABUSE;
VALUES; BLOOD
AB Acute exposure to toluene was assessed in two experiments to determine the relationship between brain toluene concentration and changes in neurophysiological function. The concentration of toluene in brain tissue at the time of assessment was estimated using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic model. Brain neurophysiological function was measured using pattern-elicited visual evoked potentials (VEP) recorded from electrodes located over visual cortex of adult male Long-Evans rats. In the first experiment, VEPs were recorded before and during exposure to control air or toluene at 1000 ppm for 4 h, 2000 ppm for 2 h, 3000 ppm for 1.3 h, or 4000 ppm for 1 h. In the second experiment, VEPs were recorded during and after exposure to clean air or 3000 or 4000 ppm toluene. In both experiments, the response amplitude of the major spectral component of the VEP (F2 at twice the stimulus rate in steady-state responses) was reduced by toluene. A logistic function was fit to baseline-adjusted F2 amplitudes from the first experiment that described a significant relationship between brain toluene concentration and VEP amplitude deficits. In the second experiment, 3000 ppm caused equivalent VEP deficits during or after exposure as a function of estimated brain concentration, but 4000 ppm showed a rapid partial adaptation to the acute effects of toluene after exposure. In general, however, the neurophysiological deficits caused by acute toluene exposure could be described by estimates of the momentary concentration of toluene in the brain at the time of VEP evaluation.
C1 US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Human Studies Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Boyes, WK (reprint author), US EPA, Div Neurotoxicol, B105-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM boyes.william@epa.gov
RI Shafer, Timothy/D-6243-2013;
OI Shafer, Timothy/0000-0002-8069-9987
NR 40
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 2
BP 572
EP 581
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm172
PG 10
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 216NW
UT WOS:000249885900019
PM 17623699
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, TC
Dahab, MF
Nunes, GS
Hu, C
Surampalli, R
AF Zhang, Tian C.
Dahab, Mohamed F.
Nunes, Germana S.
Hu, Cong
Surampalli, Rao
TI Phosphorus fate and transport in soil columns loaded intermittently with
influent of high phosphorus concentrations
SO WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE phosphorus; fate and transport; adsorption; land treatment system; life
expectancy
ID LAND TREATMENT SYSTEM; PACKED-BED REACTOR; PHOSPHATE; ADSORPTION;
KINETICS; SPECTROSCOPY; SPECIATION
AB In this study, several columns of different lengths were filled with composite soils sampled from the field at corresponding depths and then loaded intermittently with influent of a high phosphorus concentration to evaluate phosphorus fate and transport in soil. The results indicate that the height of the mass transfer zone, solvent pore velocity, and soil's life expectancy for phosphorus removal increased with depth, while the retained phosphorus per kilogram of soil and the linear adsorption equilibrium coefficient, R, decreased with depth. An equation was developed to link liquid-phase phosphorus with solvent traveling time and soil depth. The results of X-ray diffraction and washout tests indicate that, calcium-phosphorus precipitation and/or crystal growth, occurred in the columns. The new protocol is useful for evaluation of phosphorus fate and transport in other subsurface systems, because it allows flexible adjustments in hydraulic loadings, feed solution, and sampling schemes.
C1 PKI, CE Dept, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE USA.
US EPA, Reg 7 Off, Kansas City, KS USA.
RP Zhang, TC (reprint author), PKI, CE Dept, 205D,1110 S 67th St, Omaha, NE 68182 USA.
EM tzhang1@unl.edu
NR 26
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 5
PU WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 601 WYTHE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1994 USA
SN 1061-4303
J9 WATER ENVIRON RES
JI Water Environ. Res.
PD OCT
PY 2007
VL 79
IS 11
BP 2343
EP 2351
DI 10.2175/106143007X184195
PG 9
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water
Resources
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater
Biology; Water Resources
GA 218NE
UT WOS:000250021400012
PM 17966702
ER
PT J
AU Rosen, MB
Thibodeaux, JR
Wood, CR
Zehr, RD
Schmid, JE
Lau, C
AF Rosen, Mitchell B.
Thibodeaux, Julie R.
Wood, Carmen R.
Zehr, Robert D.
Schmid, Judith E.
Lau, Christopher
TI Gene expression profiling in the lung and liver of PFOA-exposed mouse
fetuses
SO TOXICOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE gene profiling; fetus; liver; lung; perfluorooctanoic acid; PFOA; PPAR
alpha
ID ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-ALPHA; AMMONIUM PERFLUOROOCTANOATE APFO; UNCONJUGATED
BILE-ACIDS; PEROXISOME-PROLIFERATOR; PPAR-ALPHA; FATTY-ACIDS;
X-RECEPTOR; CHOLESTEROL 7-ALPHA-HYDROXYLASE; NUCLEAR RECEPTORS; GLYCEROL
METABOLISM
AB Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a stable perfluoroalkyl acid used to synthesize fluoropolymers during the manufacture of a wide variety of products. Concerns have been raised over the potential health effects of PFOA because it is persistent in the environment and can be detected in blood and other tissues of many animal species, including humans. PFOA has also been shown to induce growth deficits and mortality in murine neonates. To better understand the mechanism of PFOA induced developmental toxicity, lung and liver gene expression profiling was conducted in PFOA-exposed full-term mouse fetuses. Thirty timed-pregnant CD-1 mice were orally dosed from gestation days 1-17 with either 0, 1, 3, 5, or 10 mg/(kg day) PFOA in water. At term, fetal lung and liver were collected, total RNA prepared, and samples pooled from three fetuses per litter. Five biological replicates consisting of individual litter samples were then evaluated for each treatment group using Affymetrix mouse 430_2 microarrays. The expression of genes related to fatty acid catabolism was altered in both the fetal liver and lung. In the fetal liver, the effects of PFOA were robust and also included genes associated with lipid transport, ketogenesis, glucose metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, cholesterol biosynthesis, steroid metabolism, bile acid biosynthesis, phospholipid metabolism, retinol metabolism, proteosome activation, and inflammation. These changes are consistent with transactivation of PPAR alpha, although, with regard to bile acid biosynthesis and glucose metabolism, non-PPAR alpha related effects were. suggested as well. Additional studies will be needed to more thoroughly address the role of PPAR alpha, and other nuclear receptors, in PFOA mediated developmental toxicity. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Reprod Texicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Rosen, MB (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Reprod Texicol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, MD 72, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM rosen.mitch@epa.gov
NR 79
TC 49
Z9 50
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
PI CLARE
PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000,
IRELAND
SN 0300-483X
J9 TOXICOLOGY
JI Toxicology
PD SEP 24
PY 2007
VL 239
IS 1-2
BP 15
EP 33
DI 10.1016/j.tox.2007.06.095
PG 19
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 214BO
UT WOS:000249711200002
PM 17681415
ER
PT J
AU Qian, L
Xu, Z
Zhang, W
Wilson, B
Hong, JS
Flood, PM
AF Qian, Li
Xu, Zongli
Zhang, Wei
Wilson, Belinda
Hong, Jau-Shyong
Flood, Patrick M.
TI Sinomenine, a natural dextrorotatory morphinan analog, is
anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective through inhibition of microglial
NADPH oxidase
SO JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
LA English
DT Article
ID LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE-INDUCED NEUROTOXICITY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ALKALOID
SINOMENINE; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; NITRIC-OXIDE; DOPAMINERGIC-NEURONS;
ACTIVATED MICROGLIA; TETRAZOLIUM SALT; GENE-EXPRESSION; RAT-BRAIN
AB Background: The mechanisms involved in the induction and regulation of inflammation resulting in dopaminergic (DA) neurotoxicity in Parkinson's disease (PD) are complex and incompletely understood. Microglia-mediated inflammation has recently been implicated as a critical mechanism responsible for progressive neurodegeneration.
Methods: Mesencephalic neuron-glia cultures and reconstituted cultures were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of sinomenine (SN)-mediated anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects in both the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-and the 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-mediated models of PD.
Results: SN showed equivalent efficacy in protecting against DA neuron death in rat midbrain neuron-glial cultures at both micro-and sub-picomolar concentrations, but no protection was seen at nanomolar concentrations. The neuroprotective effect of SN was attributed to inhibition of microglial activation, since SN significantly decreased tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha, prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production by microglia. In addition, from the therapeutic point of view, we focused on sub-picomolar concentration of SN for further mechanistic studies. We found that 10(-14) M of SN failed to protect DA neurons against MPP+-induced toxicity in the absence of microglia. More importantly, SN failed to show a protective effect in neuron-glia cultures from mice lacking functional NADPH oxidase (PHOX), a key enzyme for extracellular superoxide production in immune cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that SN reduced LPS-induced extracellular ROS production through the inhibition of the PHOX cytosolic subunit p47phoxtranslocation to the cell membrane.
Conclusion: Our findings strongly suggest that the protective effects of SN are most likely mediated through the inhibition of microglial PHOX activity. These findings suggest a novel therapy to treat inflammation-mediated neurodegenerative diseases.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Comprehens Ctr Inflammatory Disorders, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Neuropharmacol Sect, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Flood, PM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Comprehens Ctr Inflammatory Disorders, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM qianl2@niehs.nih.gov; xuz@niehs.nih.gov; zw671104@yahoo.com;
wilson3@niehs.nih.gov; hong3@niehs.nih.gov; pat_flood@dentistry.unc.edu
OI xu, zongli/0000-0002-9034-8902
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIDCR NIH HHS [DE-13079, P60 DE013079]
NR 41
TC 59
Z9 66
U1 0
U2 13
PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD
PI LONDON
PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND
SN 1742-2094
J9 J NEUROINFLAMM
JI J. Neuroinflamm.
PD SEP 19
PY 2007
VL 4
AR 23
DI 10.1186/1742-2094-4-23
PG 14
WC Immunology; Neurosciences
SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 230JQ
UT WOS:000250873200001
PM 17880684
ER
PT J
AU Iovanna, R
Newbold, SC
AF Iovanna, Richard
Newbold, Stephen C.
TI Ecological sustainability in policy assessments: A wide-angle view and a
close watch
SO ECOLOGICAL ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT Forum on Sustainability Well Being and Environmental Protection
CY DEC 02, 2005
CL Washington, DC
SP US EPA, Office Res Develop
ID ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT; OPTIMIZATION; RESILIENCE
AB We give a perspective from two practitioners on some of the challenges of addressing sustainability concerns in environmental policy assessments. We focus on the ecological dimension of sustainability, which is closely related to the concept of "ecosystem resilience." First, we discuss several recent benefit-cost analyses conducted by EPA that illustrate many of the practical difficulties analysts have faced when attempting to assess the ecological benefits of proposed regulations. Next, we discuss the importance of increased coordination of policy assessments among offices and agencies that traditionally operate more or less independently. We conclude by using a stylized model to illustrate how using an "adaptive management" approach to designing and evaluating policies can help to avoid some of the limitations of standard policy assessments highlighted in this special section of Ecological Economics and elsewhere.
C1 USDA, FSA, Econ & Policy Anal Staff, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Econ, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Iovanna, R (reprint author), USDA, FSA, Econ & Policy Anal Staff, 3722 S Agr Bldg,Stop Code 0519,1400 Independence, Washington, DC 20250 USA.
EM Rich.Iovanna@wdc.usda.gov; newbold.steve@epa.gov
NR 46
TC 4
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 6
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0921-8009
J9 ECOL ECON
JI Ecol. Econ.
PD SEP 15
PY 2007
VL 63
IS 4
BP 639
EP 648
DI 10.1016/j.ecolecon.2007.02.011
PG 10
WC Ecology; Economics; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Business & Economics
GA 202DW
UT WOS:000248883200002
ER
PT J
AU Dye, JA
Venier, M
Zhu, L
Ward, CR
Hites, RA
Birnbaum, LS
AF Dye, Janice A.
Venier, Marta
Zhu, Lingyan
Ward, Cynthia R.
Hites, Ronald A.
Birnbaum, Linda S.
TI Elevated PBDE levels in pet cats: Sentinels for humans?
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYBROMINATED DIPHENYL ETHERS; BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; FELINE
HYPERTHYROIDISM; TEMPORAL TRENDS; HOUSE-DUST; FOOD; CONSUMPTION;
ENVIRONMENT; EXPOSURE; DIETARY
AB Co-incident with the introduction of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) into household materials nearly 30 years ago, feline hyperthyroidism (FH) has increased dramatically. Risk of developing FH is associated with indoor living and consumption of canned catfood. We hypothesized that increases in FH were, in part, related to increased PBDE exposure, with key routes of exposure being diet and ingestion of house dust. This study was designed to determine whether body burdens of PBDEs in hyperthyroid (HT) cats were greater than that of young or sick non-HT cats. Serum samples and clinical information were collected from 23 cats. Serum and dry and canned cat food were analyzed for PBDEs. A spectrum of BDIE congeners was detected in all cats, with BDE-47, 99, 207, and 209 predominating. Mean +/- standard error (and median) cumulative Sigma PBDE serum concentrations of young, old non-HT, and HT cats were 4.3 +/- 1.5 (3.5), 10.5 +/- 3.5 (5.9), and 12.7 +/- 3.9 (6.2) ng/mL, respectively. Due to high variability within each group, no association was detected between HT cats and Sigma PBDE levels. Indicative of age- or disease-dependent changes in PBDE metabolism, BDE-47/99 ratios were inversely correlated with age, and 47/99 and 100/99 ratios in HT cats were significantly lower than those in the other cats. Overall, Sigma PBDE levels in cats were 20- to 100-fold greater than median levels in U.S. adults. Our results support the hypothesis that cats are highly exposed to PBDEs; hence, pet cats may serve as sentinels to better assess human exposure and adverse health outcomes related to low-level but chronic PBDE exposure.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA.
Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA.
RP Dye, JA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM dye.janice@epa.gov
NR 37
TC 61
Z9 62
U1 2
U2 30
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 15
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 18
BP 6350
EP 6356
DI 10.1021/es0708159
PG 7
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 211CA
UT WOS:000249500700013
PM 17948778
ER
PT J
AU Abdelrhman, MA
AF Abdelrhman, Mohamed A.
TI Embayment characteristic time and biology via tidal prism model
SO ESTUARINE COASTAL AND SHELF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE embayment; tidal prism model; characteristic time; concentration;
threshold; biology; exposure
ID RESIDENCE TIMES; SCALES; BAY; AGE
AB Transport time scales are often offered by scientists, and accepted by ecologists, as qualitative indicators of the susceptibility of ecological components within an embayment. However, rigorous quantitative methods were never presented to confirm this intuition. Transport time scales in water bodies are classically based on their physical and chemical aspects rather than their ecological and biological character. The direct connection between a physical time scale and an ecological effect has to be investigated in order to quantitatively relate a transport time scale to ecology. This concept is presented here with some general guidelines and clarifying examples. To be able to relate physical time scales to biological processes, a simple tidal prism model is developed that calculates temporal changes in concentration and the related exposure. This approach provides a quick method to calculate the characteristic time for transport in a large number of embayments, which can also help in classification endeavors. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
RP Abdelrhman, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Atlantic Ecol Div, 27 Tarzwell Dr, Narragansett, RI 02882 USA.
EM abdelrhman.mohamed@epa.gov
NR 13
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 1
U2 8
PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI LONDON
PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND
SN 0272-7714
J9 ESTUAR COAST SHELF S
JI Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci.
PD SEP 15
PY 2007
VL 74
IS 4
BP 742
EP 755
DI 10.1016/j.ecss.2007.05.008
PG 14
WC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Oceanography
GA 211VZ
UT WOS:000249552700014
ER
PT J
AU Polshettiwar, V
Varma, RS
AF Polshettiwar, Vivek
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Tandem bis-aldol reaction of ketones: A facile one-pot synthesis of
1,3-dioxanes in aqueous medium
SO JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
ID MICROWAVE-ASSISTED SYNTHESIS; PRINS REACTION; CYCLIZATION REACTIONS;
N-HETEROCYCLIZATION; SULFONIC-ACID; DERIVATIVES; AZACYCLOALKANES;
CONDENSATION; EFFICIENT; MECHANISM
AB [GRAPHICS]
A novel tandem bis-aldol reaction of ketone with paraformaldehyde catalyzed by polystyrenesulfonic acid in aqueous medium delivers 1,3-dioxanes in high yield. This one-pot, operationally simple microwave-assisted synthetic protocol proceeds efficiently in water in the absence of organic solvent, with excellent yield.
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
RI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/D-3159-2012
OI POLSHETTIWAR, VIVEK/0000-0003-1375-9668
NR 25
TC 77
Z9 77
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0022-3263
J9 J ORG CHEM
JI J. Org. Chem.
PD SEP 14
PY 2007
VL 72
IS 19
BP 7420
EP 7422
DI 10.1021/jo701337j
PG 3
WC Chemistry, Organic
SC Chemistry
GA 209EG
UT WOS:000249371200049
PM 17696550
ER
PT J
AU Sickles, J
Shadwick, DS
AF E. Sickles, Joseph, II
Shadwick, Douglas S.
TI Changes in air quality and atmospheric deposition in the eastern United
States: 1990-2004
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DRY DEPOSITION; TRENDS-NETWORK; AEROSOL NITRATE; ACT AMENDMENTS;
PHASE-I; NITROGEN; USA; SULFUR; EMISSIONS; WET
AB Data collected in the eastern United States (U.S.) between 1990 and 2004 at 34 dry and paired wet monitoring sites are examined. A goal is to evaluate the air quality impacts occurring between 1990 and 2004 resulting from legislatively mandated changes in emissions. Three 5-year periods, 1990-1994 (P1), 1995-1999 (P2), and 2000-2004 (P3) are considered. Period-to-period changes in selected pollutant metrics are examined, focusing on P1-to-P3 changes. Data are composed from reported weekly measurements into estimates of means for year, site, and season. The mean squared error derived from analysis of variance applied to these means for atmospheric concentration, dry deposition velocity, precipitation rate, and dry, wet and total deposition is used to examine differences between periods for seasons and predefined regional groupings of sites. Results suggest that relationships exist at the current scale between changes in both concentration and deposition of relevant atmospheric pollutants and changes in SO2 emissions that are generally less than 1:1 and that these disparities are more pronounced for SO42- (a reaction product) than SO2 (the primary pollutant). Coincident timing and location suggest that legislatively mandated summertime reductions in estimated NOx emissions contributed strongly to observed reductions of atmospheric HNO3 concentration and dry deposition in the eastern U. S. Less than 1: 1 relationships are also indicated at the current scale between changes in both concentration and deposition of the relevant measured secondary atmospheric pollutants, HNO3 and NO3-, and changes in NOx emissions. In the face of P1-to-P3 reductions in estimated emissions of both SO2 and NOx, wintertime changes in the sum of atmospheric SO42-, NO3-, and NH4+ concentrations, relative to those for corresponding SO42- concentrations, range from reductions that are less than 1:1 to actual increases.
C1 US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Landscape Characterizat Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Comp Sci Corp, Durham, NC USA.
RP Sickles, J (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Landscape Characterizat Branch, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 31
TC 25
Z9 25
U1 0
U2 8
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 5
PY 2007
VL 112
IS D17
AR D17301
DI 10.1029/2006JD007843
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 209CB
UT WOS:000249364800001
ER
PT J
AU Sickles, JE
Shadwick, DS
AF Sickles, Joseph E., II
Shadwick, Douglas S.
TI Seasonal and regional air quality and atmospheric deposition in the
eastern United States
SO JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
LA English
DT Article
ID DRY DEPOSITION; TRENDS-NETWORK; WET DEPOSITION; CANOPY INTERACTIONS;
AEROSOL NITRATE; NITROGEN-OXIDES; FOREST CANOPY; SULFUR; PRECIPITATION;
MODEL
AB The atmospheric concentration, wet deposition, and inferred dry deposition of selected air pollutants reported over two 5-year periods in the 1990s at or near 34 rural Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) sites located in the eastern United States (U.S.) are adjusted for known biases, composed into seasonal values, and examined. Several terms are defined for the current study, where OxN is the measured oxidized nitrogen (i.e., airborne OxN is the sum of airborne HNO3 and NO3-, expressed as nitrogen), NH4 is the measured reduced nitrogen (ie., airborne NH4 is the aerosol NH4+, expressed as nitrogen), N is the sum of measured oxidized and reduced forms of nitrogen, expressed as nitrogen, and S is the measured oxidized sulfur (i.e., airborne S is the sum of airborne SO2 and SO42-, expressed as sulfur). The atmospheric NH3 concentration is not monitored in the current study. Similar patterns of seasonal and regional behavior are found consistently in both periods. In the east, atmospheric concentration, estimated deposition velocity, precipitation rate, inferred dry deposition, wet deposition, and total (dry plus wet) deposition estimates of each of the monitored chemical constituents display regular seasonal cycles of behavior. High and low seasonal values occur in summer and winter, respectively, for atmospheric concentration and dry deposition of SO42-, NH4+, O-3, HNO3, and N; for dry OxN deposition; for wet S and H+ deposition; and for total OxN and N deposition. In contrast, high seasonal values of SO2 concentration and dry deposition, and atmospheric NO3- concentration occur in winter. In the east, SO2 composes a major portion (approximate to 70%) of the atmospheric S concentration and is the dominant (>85%) contributor to dry S deposition. Although aerosol NH4+ represents a major portion of the measured atmospheric N concentration (approximate to 67%), HNO3 dominates estimates of both dry OxN (>90%) and N (>75%) deposition. Dry deposition contributes approximate to 15%, 38%, and 43% to total deposition of NH4, OxN, and S, and these appear to be conservative estimates. Wet deposition is a major contributor to total deposition, generally peaking in summer or spring. Total S, OxN, and N deposition peak in summer. Although mean O-3 concentration is approximate to 70% larger in summer than winter, dry O-3 deposition estimates in the east are >5 times higher in summer. Within the uncertainty of current conservative estimates, dry deposition of SO42-, HNO3, OxN, N, and O-3 appears to be highest at the high-elevation subset of sites. This underscores the potential importance of dry deposition as a stressor to high-elevation ecosystems in the eastern U.S.
C1 US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Landscape Characterizat Branch, Nalt Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Comp Sci Corp, Durham, NC USA.
RP Sickles, JE (reprint author), US EPA, Div Environm Sci, Landscape Characterizat Branch, Nalt Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM sickles.joseph@epa.gov
NR 51
TC 20
Z9 20
U1 1
U2 7
PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA
SN 0148-0227
J9 J GEOPHYS RES-ATMOS
JI J. Geophys. Res.-Atmos.
PD SEP 5
PY 2007
VL 112
IS D17
AR D17302
DI 10.1029/2006JD008356
PG 19
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 209CB
UT WOS:000249364800003
ER
PT J
AU Zhang, J
Ghio, AJ
Chang, W
Kamdar, O
Rosen, GD
Upadhyay, D
AF Zhang, J.
Ghio, A. J.
Chang, W.
Kamdar, O.
Rosen, G. D.
Upadhyay, D.
TI Bim mediates mitochondria-regulated particulate matter-induced apoptosis
in alveolar epithelial cells
SO FEBS LETTERS
LA English
DT Article
DE ambient air pollution particle; apoptosis; bim; particulate matter
ID JUN NH2-TERMINAL KINASE; AIR-POLLUTION; BCL-2 FAMILY; LUNG-CANCER;
PARTICLES; PROTEINS; TRIGGERS; MEMBERS; DAMAGE; DEATH
AB We studied the role of Bim, a pro-apoptotic BCL-2 family member in Airborne particulate matter (PM 2.5 mu m)-induced apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells (AEC). PM induced AEC apoptosis by causing significant reduction of mitochondrial membrane potential and increase in caspase-9, caspase-3 and PARP-1 activation. PM upregulated pro-apoptotic protein Bim and enhanced translocation of Bim to the mitochondria. ShRNABim blocked PM-induced apoptosis by preventing activation of the mitochondrial death pathway suggesting a role of Bim in the regulation of mitochondrial pathway in AEC. Accordingly, we provide the evidence that Bim mediates PM-induced apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway. (c) 2007 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
US EPA, NHEERL, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Upadhyay, D (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, 300 Pasteur Dr,Rm H3143, Stanford, CA 94305 USA.
EM upadhyay@stanford.edu
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [F32 HL010487, HL 010487, K08 HL076674, K08 HL076674-01A2,
K08 HL076674-02, K08 HL076674-03, K08 HL076674-04]
NR 21
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 2
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0014-5793
J9 FEBS LETT
JI FEBS Lett.
PD SEP 4
PY 2007
VL 581
IS 22
BP 4148
EP 4152
DI 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.07.080
PG 5
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology
GA 210SW
UT WOS:000249476900004
PM 17716672
ER
PT J
AU Shirazi, MA
Reporter, M
AF Shirazi, Mostafa A.
Reporter, Minocher
TI A diurnal refletance model using grass: Surface-substrate inferaction
and inverse solution
SO AGRONOMY JOURNAL
LA English
DT Article
ID LEAF-AREA INDEX; REFLECTANCE; ALBEDO
AB The accuracy of using remote sensing data from earth orbiting radiometers can be improved by using a model that helps to separate the green-fraction in a canopy reflectance (p) from thatch and soil background, accounts for their diurnal changes, and inverts to a solution of a biophysical plant property of interest. Previous studies addressed one or more of these needs separately. Because reflectance components are interdependent, difficulties remain in obtaining a combined inverse solution. We combined a conditional probability method with a novel experimental procedure to predict grass dry weight (dw). Using simple ratio (SR) = near-infrared reflectance (NIR)/red that varied with the normalized time T = (local time sunset)/daylength, we predicted the mean differential grass dry weight, Delta dw = dw(1) - dw(2), of two grass patches. SR1 and dw(1) defined the first patch, which included a background and the second, SR2 and dw(2), a predefined background. The inverted solution for Delta dw was an ellipse with axes formed by the diurnal reflectance SR1 and SR2 coordinates. It described previously studied soil line and the zone of canopy X canopy X ground interactions. The standard error of predicting Delta dw was 17%. We separately tested for plant height SR = f(h) or fresh weight SR = f(fw) using SR, and for dw as a function of normalize difference vegetation index NDVI = f(dw). SR = f(dw) produced superior results. Potential applications include noninvasive prediction of other biophysical plant properties in a single or in hyperspectral bidirectional reflectance in agronomic and ecological remote sensing.
C1 US EPA, Western Ecol Div, NHEERL, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Oregon State Univ, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
RP Shirazi, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Western Ecol Div, NHEERL, 200 SW 35th St, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
EM Shirazi.Mostafa@epa.gov
NR 27
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0002-1962
J9 AGRON J
JI Agron. J.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 5
BP 1278
EP 1287
DI 10.2134/agronj2006.0211
PG 10
WC Agronomy
SC Agriculture
GA 212IJ
UT WOS:000249589600012
ER
PT J
AU Weisskopf, MG
O'Reilly, E
Chen, H
Schwarzschild, MA
Ascherio, A
AF Weisskopf, M. G.
O'Reilly, E.
Chen, H.
Schwarzschild, M. A.
Ascherio, A.
TI Plasma urate and risk of Parkinson's disease
SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Parkinson disease; prospective studies; uric acid
ID URIC-ACID LEVELS; EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; BRAIN-BARRIER
DYSFUNCTION; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS; SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA; PEROXYNITRITE; BLOOD;
IRON; CONSUMPTION; PROTECTION
AB Oxidative stress contributes to dopaminergic neuron degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Urate, a potent antioxidant, could be neuroprotective. To determine whether higher plasma concentrations of urate predict a reduced risk of Parkinson's disease, the authors conducted a nested case-control study among participants in the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, a cohort comprising over 18,000 men who provided blood samples in 1993-1995. Eighty-four incident cases of Parkinson's disease were diagnosed through 2000, and each was randomly matched to two controls by year of birth, race, and time of blood collection. Rate ratios of Parkinson's disease according to quartile of uricemia were estimated by use of conditional logistic regression. The mean urate concentration was 5.7 mg/dl among cases and 6.1 mg/dl among controls (p = 0.01). After adjustment for age, smoking, and caff eine, the rate ratio of Parkinson's disease for the highest quartile of uricemia compared with the lowest was 0.43 (95% confidence interval: 0.18, 1.02; P-trend = 0.017). This association was stronger in analyses excluding cases diagnosed within 4 years (median) from blood collection (rate ratio = 0.17, 95% confidence interval: 0.04, 0.69; P-trend = 0.010). These results suggest that high plasma urate concentrations may decrease the risk of Parkinson's disease, and they raise the possibility that interventions to increase plasma urate may reduce the risk and delay the progression of Parkinson's disease.
C1 Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Neurol, Boston, MA 02114 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
RP Weisskopf, MG (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Landmark Ctr,3rd Floor E,POB 15697, Boston, MA 02215 USA.
EM mweissko@hsph.harvard.edu
OI Chen, Honglei/0000-0003-3446-7779
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES101986-02]; NIEHS NIH HHS [K01 ES012653, K01
ES012653-01]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS048517, R01 NS048517-01A2]
NR 39
TC 156
Z9 168
U1 1
U2 18
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
PI CARY
PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA
SN 0002-9262
J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL
JI Am. J. Epidemiol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2007
VL 166
IS 5
BP 561
EP 567
DI 10.1093/aje/kwm127
PG 7
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 203YT
UT WOS:000249010700010
PM 17584757
ER
PT J
AU Cao, Y
Hawkins, CP
Larsen, DP
Van Sickle, J
AF Cao, Yong
Hawkins, Charles P.
Larsen, David P.
Van Sickle, John
TI Effects of sample standardization on mean species detectabilities and
estimates of relative differences in species richness among assemblages
SO AMERICAN NATURALIST
LA English
DT Article
DE species richness; mean species detectability; statistical estimators;
species-occurrence distributions; sample representativeness;
Lincoln-Petersen model
ID OCCUPANCY FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS; ACCUMULATION CURVES; SPATIAL
HETEROGENEITY; DETECTION PROBABILITY; DIVERSITY PATTERNS;
CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; MIXTURE-MODELS; BIODIVERSITY; ABUNDANCE; COMMUNITIES
AB Ecological surveys provide the basic information needed to estimate differences in species richness among assemblages. Comparable estimates of the differences in richness between assemblages require equal mean species detectabilities across assemblages. However, mean species detectabilities are often unknown, typically low, and potentially different from one assemblage to another. As a result, inferences regarding differences in species richness among assemblages can be biased. We evaluated how well three methods used to produce comparable estimates of species richness achieved equal mean species detectabilities across diverse assemblages: rarefaction, statistical estimators, and standardization of sampling effort on mean taxonomic similarity among replicate samples (MRS). We used simulated assemblages to mimic a wide range of species-occurrence distributions and species richness to compare the performance of these three methods. Inferences regarding differences in species richness based on rarefaction were highly biased when richness estimates were compared among assemblages with distinctly different species-occurrence distributions. Statistical estimators only marginally reduced this bias. Standardization on MRS yielded the most comparable estimates of differences in species richness. These findings have important implications for our understanding of species-richness patterns, inferences drawn from biological monitoring data, and planning for biodiversity conservation.
C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Western Ctr Monitoring & Assessment Freshwater Ec, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
US EPA, Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commiss, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
US EPA, Western Ecol Div, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
RP Cao, Y (reprint author), Utah State Univ, Dept Watershed Sci, Western Ctr Monitoring & Assessment Freshwater Ec, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
EM yong.cao@usu.edu; chuck.hawkins@usu.edu; larsen.phil@epa.gov;
vansickle.john@epa.gov
RI Hawkins, Charles/A-4530-2008
OI Hawkins, Charles/0000-0003-1247-0248
NR 98
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 2
U2 19
PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS
PI CHICAGO
PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA
SN 0003-0147
J9 AM NAT
JI Am. Nat.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 170
IS 3
BP 381
EP 395
DI 10.1086/520117
PG 15
WC Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Evolutionary Biology
GA 203GV
UT WOS:000248964000008
PM 17879189
ER
PT J
AU Svendsen, ER
Yeatts, KB
Peden, D
Orton, S
Alexis, NE
Creason, J
Williams, R
Neas, L
AF Svendsen, Erik R.
Yeatts, Karin B.
Peden, David
Orton, Susan
Alexis, Neil E.
Creason, John
Williams, Ronald
Neas, Lucas
TI Circulating neutrophil CD14 expression and the inverse association of
ambient particulate matter on lung function in asthmatic children
SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID ANTIINFLAMMATORY MEDICATION USE; EXHALED BREATH CONDENSATE;
AIR-POLLUTION PARTICLES; EXPIRATORY FLOW-RATE; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES;
FINE PARTICLES; NASAL INFLAMMATION; INHALED ENDOTOXIN; SYMPTOM SEVERITY;
PANEL
AB Background: Identifying baseline inflammatory biomarkers that predict susceptibility to size-specific particulate matter (PM) independent of gaseous pollutants could help us better identify asthmatic subpopulations at increased risk for the adverse health effects of PM.
Objective: To evaluate whether the association between lung function and exposure to ambient levels of PM less than 2.5 Am in diameter (PM2.5) (fine) and 10 to 2.5 mu m in diameter (PM10-2.5) (coarse) in children with persistent asthma differed across baseline measures of inflammation and innate immune activation. Methods: We performed a panel study on a local population of 16 children with persistent asthma and evaluated daily pulmonary function (percentage of predicted peak expiratory flow and forced expiratory volume in I second) while concurrently measuring daily PM2.5 and PM10-2.5 exposure from a central site in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The children underwent a baseline medical evaluation that included assessment of several immunoinflammatory biomarkers in peripheral blood.
Results: Children without measurable CD14 expression on circulating neutrophils had significantly reduced pulmonary function (forced expiratory volume in I second and peak expiratory flow) with each interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM2.5 (IQR = 8.5 mu g/m(3)) and PM10-2.5 (IQR = 4.1 mu g/m(3)) concentration, unlike children with measurable CD14 expression (P <.001 for interaction).
Conclusions: Asthmatic children with muted surface expression of CD14 on circulating neutrophils may have a decreased capacity to respond to bacterial components of PM.
C1 Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Svendsen, ER (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 800 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA.
EM svendsee@gwm.sc.edu
RI Neas, Lucas/J-9378-2012;
OI Svendsen, Erik/0000-0003-3941-0907
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01HL62624]
NR 50
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY
PI ARLINGTON HTS
PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA
SN 1081-1206
J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM
JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 3
BP 244
EP 253
PG 10
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 210VZ
UT WOS:000249485000008
PM 17910328
ER
PT J
AU Pilgrim, EM
Von Dohlen, CD
AF Pilgrim, Erik M.
Von Dohlen, Carol D.
TI Molecular and morphological study of species-level questions within the
dragonfly genus Sympetrum (Odonata : Libellulidae)
SO ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA
LA English
DT Article
DE Odonata; Sympetrum; Libellulidae; Sympetrinae; taxonomy
ID DNA-SEQUENCES
AB This study combines morphological and molecular data to address several questions of species validity within the dragonfly genus Sympetrum. We compared morphological characters (genitalia and other putatively diagnostic characters) and DNA sequences from mitochondrial cytocbrome oxidase I (COI) and nuclear internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions between these disputed taxa and their close relatives. Specimens of Sympetrum nigrescens Lucas shared COI haplotypes with Sympetrum striolatuin (Charpentier), and no morphological characters consistently diagnosed S. nigrescens, which therefore becomes a junior synonym of S. striolatum. Similarly, Sympetrum occidentale Bartenev shared identical COI and ITS sequences with Sympetrum semicinctum (Say), and the supposed diagnostic morphological characters overlapped with the intraspecific variation within S. semicinctum. Sympetrum accidentale becomes a junior synonym of S. semicinctum. in a third case, the genetic distance between Sympetrum signiferum, Cannings & Garrison and Sympetrum vicinum (Hagen) was lower than that found between most undisputed species. However, the morphological characters that distinguish S. signiferum from S. vicinum were distinct and consistent, and they supported the retention of S. signiferum as a valid species. In the fourth case, neither morphological nor genetic data were able to distinguish Sympetrum janeae Carle consistently from Sympetrum internum Montgomery, or Sympetrum rubicundulum (Say); in addition, genetic distances between individuals of S. internum and S. rubicundulum were small or nonexistent. Further studies are necessary to test the species status of S. janeae and its close relatives.
C1 Utah State Univ, Dept Biol, Logan, UT 84322 USA.
RP Pilgrim, EM (reprint author), US EPA, Mol Ecol Res Branch, 26 Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM anisopteran@biology.usu.edu
NR 19
TC 10
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 8
PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER
PI LANHAM
PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA
SN 0013-8746
J9 ANN ENTOMOL SOC AM
JI Ann. Entomol. Soc. Am.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 100
IS 5
BP 688
EP 702
DI 10.1603/0013-8746(2007)100[688:MAMSOS]2.0.CO;2
PG 15
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 207LO
UT WOS:000249252800010
ER
PT J
AU Lobscheid, AB
McKone, TE
Vallero, DA
AF Lobscheid, Agnes B.
McKone, Thomas E.
Vallero, Daniel A.
TI Exploring relationships between outdoor air particulate-associated
polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and PM2.5: A case study of
benzo(a)pyrene in California metropolitan regions
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE toxic air pollutants; particulate matter; regression models; combustion
sources
ID ATMOSPHERIC PARTICLES; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; TOXICS CONCENTRATIONS; SOURCE
APPORTIONMENT; UNITED-STATES; AMBIENT AIR; URBAN AIR; SIZE; PAHS; MATTER
AB Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and particulate matter (PM) are co-pollutants emitted as by-products of combustion processes. Convincing evidence exists for PAHs as a primary toxic component of fine PM (PM2.5). Because PM2.5 is listed by the US EPA as a "Criteria Pollutant", it is monitored regularly at sites nationwide. In contrast, very limited data is available on measured ambient air concentrations of PAHs. However, between 1999 and 2001, ambient air concentrations Of PM2.5 and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) are available for California locations. We use multivariate linear regression models (MLRMs) to predict ambient air levels of BaP in four air basins based on reported PM2.5 concentrations and spatial, temporal and meteorological variables as variates. We obtain an R-2 ranging from 0.57 to 0.72 among these basins. Significant variables (p < 0.05) include the average daily PM2.5 concentration, wind speed, temperature and relative humidity, and the coastal distance as well as season, and holiday or weekend. Combining the data from all sites and using only these variables to estimate ambient BaP levels, we obtain an R-2 of 0.55. These R-2-values, combined with analysis of the residual error and cross validation using the PRESS-statistic, demonstrate the potential of our method to estimate reported outdoor air PAH exposure levels in metropolitan regions. These MLRMs provide a first step towards relating outdoor ambient PM2.5 and PAH concentrations for epidemiological studies when PAH measurements are unavailable, or limited in spatial coverage, based on publicly available meteorological and PM2.5 data. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Lobscheid, AB (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Indoor Environm Dept, Environm Energy Technol Div, MS90R3058, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
EM ablobscheid@lbl.gov
NR 50
TC 10
Z9 10
U1 1
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 27
BP 5659
EP 5672
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.02.042
PG 14
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205WH
UT WOS:000249144800009
ER
PT J
AU Olson, DA
Norris, GA
Seila, RL
Landis, MS
Vette, AF
AF Olson, David A.
Norris, Gary A.
Seila, Robert L.
Landis, Matthew S.
Vette, Alan F.
TI Chemical characterization of volatile organic compounds near the World
Trade Center: Ambient concentrations and source apportionment
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE World Trade Center; receptor modeling; source apportionment; building
fire
ID CENTER DISASTER SITE; DEL-NORTE OZONE; LOWER MANHATTAN; RECEPTOR MODEL;
CENTER COUGH; NEW-YORK; CONSEQUENCES; PARTICLES; COLLAPSE; AEROSOL
AB Concentrations of 53 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are reported from four locations near the World Trade Center (WTC) (New York, USA) complex for canister samples collected from September 2001 through January 2002. Across the four sampling sites, mean concentrations ranged from 94.5 to 219 mu g m(-3) for total VOCs. The hi best mean concentrations 9 for individual VOCs at any site were for ethane (18.7 mu g m(-3)), isopentane (17.1 mu g m(-3)), and m,p-xylenes (17.0 mu g m(-3)). VOC concentrations were generally highest for samples collected north and west of the WTC complex. Concentrations of total VOCs (and most individual VOCs) decreased from the period when fires were present at the WTC complex (before 19 December 2001) to the period after fires. The EPA Unmix Version 5.0 receptor model was used to assess the impact of WTC fires and recovery efforts on ambient VOC concentrations. Four factors were identified: burning of building debris, a mixed recovery/heating source, motor vehicle exhaust, and a mixed gasoline source. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Olson, DA (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM olson.david@epa.gov
RI Vette, Alan/A-7330-2012; Landis, Matthew/P-5149-2014
OI Vette, Alan/0000-0001-6749-1252; Landis, Matthew/0000-0002-8742-496X
NR 30
TC 11
Z9 12
U1 1
U2 12
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 27
BP 5673
EP 5683
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.02.047
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205WH
UT WOS:000249144800010
ER
PT J
AU Tillman, FD
Weaver, JW
AF Tillman, Fred D., Jr.
Weaver, James W.
TI Parameter sets for upper and lower bounds on soil-to-indoor-air
contaminant attenuation predicted by the Johnson and Ettinger vapor
intrusion model
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE vapor intrusion; Johnson and Ettinger model; risk assessment
ID BUILDINGS; TRANSPORT; EXPOSURE
AB Migration of volatile chemicals from the subsurface into overlying buildings is known as vapor intrusion (VI). Under certain circumstances, people living in homes above contaminated soil or ground water may be exposed to harmful levels of these vapors. A popular VI screening-level algorithm widely used in the United States, Canada and the UK to assess this potential risk is the "Johnson and Ettinger" (J&E) model. Concern exists over using the J&E model for deciding whether or not further action is necessary at sites, as many parameters are not routinely measured (or are un-measurable). Using EPA-recommended ranges of parameter values for nine soil-type/source depth combinations, input parameter sets were identified that correspond to bounding results of the J&E model. The results established the existence of generic upper and lower bound parameter sets for maximum and minimum exposure for all soil types and depths investigated. Using the generic upper and lower bound parameter sets, an analysis can be performed that, given the limitations of the input ranges and the model, bounds the attenuation factor in a VI investigation. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Weaver, JW (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecosyst Res Div, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
EM Weaver.Jim@epa.gov
OI Tillman, Fred/0000-0002-2922-402X
NR 14
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 2
U2 7
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 27
BP 5797
EP 5806
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.05.033
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 205WH
UT WOS:000249144800021
ER
PT J
AU McBride, SJ
Williams, RW
Creason, J
AF McBride, Sandra J.
Williams, Ron W.
Creason, John
TI Bayesian hierarchical modeling of personal exposure to particulate
matter
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE statistical model; Bayesian hierarchical model; human exposure;
particulate matter; air pollution
ID AIR-POLLUTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY-EXPOSURE; BALTIMORE; MORTALITY; PM2.5;
PARTICLES
AB In the US EPA's 1998 Baltimore Epidemiology-Exposure Panel Study, a group of 16 residents of a single building retirement community wore personal monitors recording personal fine particulate air pollution concentrations (PM2.5) for 27 days, while other monitors recorded concurrent apartment, central indoor, outdoor and ambient site PM2.5. concentrations. Using the Baltimore panel study data, we develop a Bayesian hierarchical model to characterize the relationship between personal exposure and concentrations Of PM2.5 indoors and outdoors. Personal exposure is expressed as a linear combination of time spent in microenvironments and associated microenvironmental concentrations. The model incorporates all available monitoring data and accounts for missing data and sources of uncertainty such as measurement error and individual differences in exposure. We discuss the implications of using personal versus ambient PM2.5 measurements in characterization of personal exposure to PM2.5. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP McBride, SJ (reprint author), Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM mcbride@duke.edu
NR 26
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 6
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 29
BP 6143
EP 6155
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.04.005
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 214QE
UT WOS:000249752400005
ER
PT J
AU Rizzo, MJ
Scheff, PA
AF Rizzo, Michael J.
Scheff, Peter A.
TI Fine particulate source apportionment using data from the USEPA
speciation trends network in Chicago, Illinois: Comparison of two source
apportionment models
SO ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
LA English
DT Article
DE source apportionment; Positive matrix factorization; Chemical mass
balance; PM2.5; Speciation trends network (STN); Receptor modeling
ID POSITIVE MATRIX FACTORIZATION; RESOLVED CARBON FRACTIONS; IMPROVING
SOURCE IDENTIFICATION; VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; FACTOR-ANALYTIC
MODELS; CHEMICAL MASS-BALANCE; SOURCE PROFILES; EMISSION INVENTORY;
RECEPTOR MODEL; US AREA
AB Data from two of the United States Environmental Protection Agency's speciation trends network fine particulate matter sites within Chicago, Illinois were analyzed using the chemical mass balance (CMB) and positive matrix factorization (PMF) models to determine source contributions to the ambient fine particulate concentrations. The results from the two models were compared to determine the similarities and differences in the source contributions. This included examining the differences in the magnitude of the individual source contributions as well as the correlation between the contribution values from the two methods. The results showed that both models predicted sulfates, nitrates and motor vehicles as the three highest fine particle contributors for the two sites accounting for approximately 80% of the total. The PMF model attributed a slightly greater amount of fine particulate to the road salt, steel and soil sources while vegetative burning contributed more in the CMB results. Correlations between the contribution results from the two models were high for sulfates, nitrates and road salt with very good correlations existing for motor vehicles and petroleum refineries. The predicted PMF profiles agreed well with measured source profiles for the major species associated with each source. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Air Qual Anal Grp, Air Qual Anal Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA.
RP Rizzo, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Air Qual Anal Grp, Air Qual Anal Div, Off Air Qual Planning & Standards, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM rizzo.michael@epa.gov
NR 37
TC 48
Z9 49
U1 1
U2 15
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 1352-2310
J9 ATMOS ENVIRON
JI Atmos. Environ.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 29
BP 6276
EP 6288
DI 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.03.055
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 214QE
UT WOS:000249752400015
ER
PT J
AU Etterson, MA
Etterson, JR
Cuthbert, FJ
AF Etterson, Matthew A.
Etterson, Julie R.
Cuthbert, Francesca J.
TI A robust new method for analyzing community change and an example using
83 years of avian response to forest succession
SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION
LA English
DT Article
DE bird communities; rank-permutation; forest succession; eastern deciduous
forest
ID TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS FOREST; NORTHERN LOWER MICHIGAN; BIRD POPULATION
TRENDS; AMPHIBIAN DECLINE; CONSERVATION; PATTERNS; ECOLOGY
AB The composition of animal communities changes over time in response to natural processes (disease dynamics, plant community succession) and anthropogenic disturbances (habitat fragmentation, climate change). Detection and analysis of community change is important for regional and site-specific management and for conservation planning. However, formal time series of animal community composition are rare. We describe a distribution-free method for compiling time series from separate studies to test for changes in community composition. The method, based on rank-permutation, is robust to many problems associated with data from separate studies, including unequal sampling effort, variable-length intervals between sampling, and different sampling protocols. We apply the technique to a time series constructed from five surveys of land bird community composition spanning 83 years of forest succession in northern lower Michigan, USA. We found increases in neotropical migrants, area-sensitive birds, and woodland birds. Despite high species turnover, the overall taxonomic composition of the land bird community did not show significant changes. Although more powerful tests can be applied when data are collected under consistent protocols, our approach is a useful alternative when such data are lacking. In the example provided, our method produced coherent results that are consistent with other published studies from the region. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Minnesota, Conservat Biol program, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
Univ Minnesota, Dept Fisheries, St Paul, MN 55108 USA.
RP Etterson, MA (reprint author), US EPA, Mid Ecol Continent Div, 6201 Cangdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM etterson.matthew@epa.gov; jetterso@d.umn.edu; cuthb001@umn.edu
NR 53
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 1
U2 13
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0006-3207
J9 BIOL CONSERV
JI Biol. Conserv.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 138
IS 3-4
BP 381
EP 389
DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.05.003
PG 9
WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences
SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 207MV
UT WOS:000249256100009
ER
PT J
AU Nadagouda, MN
Varma, RS
AF Nadagouda, Mallikarjuna N.
Varma, Rajender S.
TI Synthesis of thermally stable carboxymethyl cellulose/metal
biodegradable nanocomposites for potential biological applications
SO BIOMACROMOLECULES
LA English
DT Article
ID SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES; COPPER(II)
COMPLEXES; GLASS-CERAMICS; SILVER; FLUORESCENT; POLYMERS; PROBE
AB A green approach is described that generates bulk quantities of nanocomposites containing transition metals such as Cu, Ag, In, and Fe at room temperature using a biodegradable polymer, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), by reacting respective metal salts with the sodium salt of CMC in aqueous media. These nanocomposites exhibit broader decomposition temperatures when compared with control CMC, and Ag-based CMC nanocomposites exhibit a luminescent property at longer wavelengths. The noble metals such as An, Pt, and Pd do not react at room temperature with aqueous solutions of CMC, but do so rapidly under microwave irradiation (MW) conditions at 100 degrees C. This environmentally benign approach, which provides facile entry to the production of multiple shaped noble nanostructures without using any toxic reducing agent such as sodium borohydride (NaBH4), hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and so forth, and/or a capping/surfactant agent, and which uses a benign biodegradable polymer CMC, could find widespread technological and medicinal applications. The ensuing nanocomposites derived at room temperature and MW conditions were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray mapping, energy-dispersive analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis.
C1 US EPA, Natl Risl Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Varma, RS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risl Management Res Lab, Sustainable Technol Div, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr,MS 443, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM varma.rajender@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 85
Z9 87
U1 2
U2 31
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 1525-7797
J9 BIOMACROMOLECULES
JI Biomacromolecules
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 9
BP 2762
EP 2767
DI 10.1021/bm700446p
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Organic; Polymer Science
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Polymer Science
GA 209EH
UT WOS:000249371300019
PM 17665946
ER
PT J
AU Johnson, CS
Zucker, RM
Hunter, ES
Sulik, KK
AF Johnson, Corey S.
Zucker, Robert M.
Hunter, Edward Sidney, III
Sulik, Kathleen K.
TI Perturbation of retinoic acid (RA)-mediated limb development suggests a
role for diminished RA signaling in the teratogenesis of ethanol
SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article; Proceedings Paper
CT 44th Annual Meeting of the Japanese-Teratology-Society
CY JUL 15-17, 2004
CL Saga, JAPAN
SP Japanese Teratol Soc
DE ethanol; limb defects; retinoic acid; limb development; fetal alcohol
spectrum disorders
ID FETAL ALCOHOL SYNDROME; LASER-SCANNING MICROSCOPY; APICAL ECTODERMAL
RIDGE; SONIC-HEDGEHOG; POTENTIAL MECHANISM; RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST;
POLARIZING ACTIVITY; VERTEBRATE LIMB; MOUSE EMBRYOS; VITAMIN-A
AB BACKGROUND: A proposed mechanism for ethanol teratogenicity entails ethanol-mediated reductions in retinoic acid (RA). This premise was investigated utilizing a mouse model, with limb reduction defects as the teratogenic end point. METHODS: Ethanol, Disulfiram, or BMS-189453 was administered to C57BL/6J mice on the 9(th) day of pregnancy. Forelimb morphology was assessed on gestation day 18 using Alcian blue and Alizarin red staining. Nile blue sulfate or LysoTracker Red (LTR) vital staining identified cell death in the limb bud. The ability of RA to prevent ethanol-induced cell death was assessed by coadministration followed by laser scanning confocal microscopic examination of LTR-staining. In situ hybridization and qPCR were used to examine gene expression in treated limb buds. RESULTS: Ethanol, Disulfiram, and BMS-189453 resulted in postaxial ectrodactyly, intermediate ectrodactyly, and other digital defects. Excessive Nile blue sulfate staining was evident in the presumptive AER following each of the three exposures. Ethanol-induced LTR staining was prevented by RA supplementation. Both in situ hybridization and qPCR illustrated decreases in Shh and Tbx5 in ethanol-exposed embryos as compared to control. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to studies of prolonged RA deficiency, acute exposure to functional antagonists of RA results in limb defects that are morphologically similar to those caused by ethanol. The rescue of ethanol-induced cell death by RA and similar changes in Shh transcription further suggest that RA contributes to ethanol-induced limb dysmorphology. Moreover, the repression of key mediators of limb development soon after ethanol exposure adds to the existing knowledge of the pathogenic effects of ethanol.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reproduct Toxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Cell & Dev Biol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Univ N Carolina, Bowles Ctr Alcohol Studies, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
RP Hunter, ES (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reproduct Toxicol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM Hunter.Sid@epa.gov
FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R01 AA11605]
NR 55
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 2
U2 16
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 1542-0752
J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A
JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 79
IS 9
BP 631
EP 641
DI 10.1002/bdra.20385
PG 11
WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology
SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology
GA 210OH
UT WOS:000249465000002
PM 17676605
ER
PT J
AU Freemark, KE
Meyers, M
White, D
Warman, LD
Kiester, AR
Lumban-Tobing, P
AF Freemark, Kathryn E.
Meyers, Mark
White, Denis
Warman, Leanna D.
Kiester, A. Ross
Lumban-Tobing, Pago
TI Species richness and biodiversity conservation priorities in British
Columbia, Canada (vol 84, pg 20, 2006)
SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY-REVUE CANADIENNE DE ZOOLOGIE
LA English
DT Correction
C1 Environm Canada, Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, Ottawa, ON K1A 0H3, Canada.
Oregon State Univ, Dept Geosci, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA.
US EPA, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
Univ British Columbia, Biodivers Res Ctr, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Biodivers Futures Consulting, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA.
ING Clar, New York, NY 10169 USA.
RP Freemark, KE (reprint author), Environm Canada, Strateg Informat Integrat Directorate, Knowledge Integrat Strategies Div, 70 Cremazie St, Gatineau Hull, PQ K1A 0H3, Canada.
EM Kathryn.Lindsay@ec.gc.ca
NR 1
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS
PI OTTAWA
PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA
SN 0008-4301
J9 CAN J ZOOL
JI Can. J. Zool.-Rev. Can. Zool.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 85
IS 9
BP 1014
EP 1014
DI 10.1139/Z07-109
PG 1
WC Zoology
SC Zoology
GA 239HA
UT WOS:000251508200010
ER
PT J
AU Ulrich, EM
AF Ulrich, Elin M.
TI Pesticide exposure and chiral chemistry: the pyrethroid family
SO CHIMICA OGGI-CHEMISTRY TODAY
LA English
DT Article
ID AQUATIC TOXICITY; DEGRADATION; CYPERMETHRIN; ENANTIOMERS; PERMETHRIN;
SEPARATION; SEDIMENT
AB Advances in chiral chromatography significantly advanced the ability to analyze individual enantiomers of chiral compounds. These techniques are being employed at the U. S. EPA for human exposure and ecological research studies. Enantiomer fractions (EFs) were measured for cis-permethrin, a pyrethroid insecticide. Nonracemic EFs in some environmental samples indicate that some enantioselective biological degradation has occurred, either in the indoor environment or prior to translocation indoors. These results highlight the importance of chiral methods because some degradation pathways can change the distribution of enantiomers in the environment and may lead to differential exposure. The toxicity of enantiomers can also vary. When these two factors are combined, a differential risk to humans and other organisms may be revealed.
C1 US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Ulrich, EM (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr Maildrop D205-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NR 19
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 2
U2 4
PU TEKNOSCIENZE PUBL
PI MILAN
PA VIA AURELIO SAFFI 23, 20123 MILAN, ITALY
SN 0392-839X
J9 CHIM OGGI
JI Chim. Oggi-Chem. Today
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 25
IS 5
SU 2
BP 37
EP 39
PG 3
WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Chemistry
GA 305QK
UT WOS:000256192700009
ER
PT J
AU Watanabe, KH
Jensen, KM
Orlando, EF
Ankley, GT
AF Watanabe, Karen H.
Jensen, Kathleen M.
Orlando, Edward F.
Ankley, Gerald T.
TI What is normal? A characterization of the values and variability in
reproductive endpoints of the fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas
SO COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY C-TOXICOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE biological variability; fathead minnow; reproduction; steroid hormones
ID GROWTH-HORMONE; PLASMA-LEVELS; CYCLE; 17-BETA-TRENBOLONE; ENDOCRINOLOGY;
FISH; 17-BETA-ESTRADIOL; SPERMATOGENESIS; VITELLOGENIN; CYPRINIDAE
AB Jensen et al. [Jensen, K.M., Korte, J.J., Kahl, M.D., Pasha, M.S., Ankley, G.T., 2001. Aspects of basic reproductive biology and endocrinology in the fathead minnow (Pimephales promelas). Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C 128, 127-141.] investigated aspects of the normal reproductive biology of the fathead minnow (FHM, P. promelas), and subsequent studies have generated a large amount of additional reproductive data for endpoirits such as plasma steroid hormone and vitellogenin concentrations, spawn interval, and secondary sex characteristics (i.e., nuptial tubercle score and fat pad weight). These data were analyzed and fitted with statistical distributions to improve understanding of the variability in normal, unexposed, adult male (n = 154) and female (n = 186) FHM. Summary statistics for most endpoints were consistent with results from other more limited studies of FHMs. Male fat pad weight, and in both sexes gonad and liver weights were found to be proportional to body weight. Multiple statistical distributions were found to characterize each endpoint with the exception of spawn interval. Based on one of the largest datasets ever compiled for controlled studies, results presented herein provide a robust point of reference for the quantitative assessment of reproductive processes in the fathead minnow. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
C1 Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, OGI Sch Sci & Engn, Dept Environm & Biomol Syst, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA.
US EPA, Midcontinenet Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
Florida Atlantic Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Ft Pierce, FL 34946 USA.
RP Watanabe, KH (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, OGI Sch Sci & Engn, Dept Environm & Biomol Syst, 20000 NW Walker Rd, Beaverton, OR 97006 USA.
EM watanabe@ebs.ogi.edu
NR 38
TC 32
Z9 33
U1 3
U2 15
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 1532-0456
J9 COMP BIOCHEM PHYS C
JI Comp. Biochem. Physiol. C-Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 146
IS 3
BP 348
EP 356
DI 10.1016/j.cbpc.2007.04.015
PG 9
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism;
Toxicology; Zoology
GA 205UP
UT WOS:000249140400009
PM 17600770
ER
PT J
AU Garcia-Diaz, M
Bebenek, K
Krahn, JM
Pedersen, LC
Kunkel, TA
AF Garcia-Diaz, Miguel
Bebenek, Katarzyna
Krahn, Joseph M.
Pedersen, Lars C.
Kunkel, Thomas A.
TI Role of the catalytic metal during polymerization by DNA polymerase
lambda
SO DNA REPAIR
LA English
DT Article
DE DNA polymerase lambda; DNA repair; nucleotidyl transfer; phosphoryl
transfer; X-ray crystallography; crystal structure; divalent metal;
catalysis; manganese; non-hydrolyzable nucleotide
ID BASE EXCISION-REPAIR; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MECHANISM; FIBROBLASTS;
DEPENDENCE; FIDELITY; SYSTEM; BETA
AB The incorporation of dNMPs into DNA by polymerases involves a phosphoryl transfer reaction hypothesized to require two divalent metal ions. Here we investigate this hypothesis using as a model human DNA polymerase lambda (Pol lambda), an enzyme suggested to be activated in vivo by manganese. We report the crystal structures of four complexes of human Pol X. In a 1.9 angstrom structure of Pol lambda containing a 3'-OH and the non-hydrolyzable analog dUpnpp, a non-catalytic Na+ ion occupies the site for metal A and the ribose of the primer-terminal nucleotide is found in a conformation that positions the acceptor 3'-OH out of line with the a-phosphate and the bridging oxygen of the pyrophosphate leaving group. Soaking this crystal in MnCl2 yielded a 2.0 angstrom structure with Mn2+ occupying the site for metal A. In the presence of Mn2+, the conformation of the ribose is C3'-endo and the 3'-oxygen is in line with the leaving oxygen, at a distance from the phosphorus atom of the alpha-phosphate (3.69 angstrom) consistent with and supporting a catalytic mechanism involving two divalent metal ions. Finally, soaking with MnCl2 converted a pre-catalytic Pol lambda/Na+ complex with unreacted dCTP in the active site into a product complex via catalysis in the crystal. These data provide pre- and post-transition state information and outline in a single crystal the pathway for the phosphoryl transfer reaction carried out by DNA polymerases. Published by Elsevier B.V.
C1 [Garcia-Diaz, Miguel; Bebenek, Katarzyna; Krahn, Joseph M.; Pedersen, Lars C.; Kunkel, Thomas A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
[Garcia-Diaz, Miguel; Bebenek, Katarzyna; Kunkel, Thomas A.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Mol Genet Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Kunkel, TA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Struct Biol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM kunkel@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES065070-17]
NR 34
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 1
U2 1
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1568-7864
J9 DNA REPAIR
JI DNA Repair
PD SEP 1
PY 2007
VL 6
IS 9
BP 1333
EP 1340
DI 10.1016/j.dnarep.2007.03.005
PG 8
WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology
GA 208PR
UT WOS:000249332200011
PM 17475573
ER
PT J
AU Godin, SJ
Crow, JA
Scollon, EJ
Hughes, MF
DeVito, MJ
Ross, MK
AF Godin, Stephen J.
Crow, J. Allen
Scollon, Edward J.
Hughes, Michael F.
DeVito, Michael J.
Ross, Matthew K.
TI Identification of rat and human cytochrome P450 isoforms and a rat serum
esterase that metabolize the pyrethroid insecticides deltamethrin and
esfenvalerate
SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION
LA English
DT Article
ID IN-VITRO METABOLISM; HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; HYDROLYTIC METABOLISM;
CARBOXYLESTERASES; PREDICTION; INDUCTION; PURIFICATION; HEPATOCYTES;
TOXICITY; ENZYMES
AB The metabolism of ( alpha S)-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl (1R, 3R)-cis-3( 2,2-dibromovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane carboxylate ( deltamethrin) and ( alpha S)-cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3methylbutyrate( esfenvalerate) by rat and human liver microsomes differs with respect to the biotransformation pathway ( oxidation versus hydrolysis) responsible for their clearance. This study aims to further explore the species differences in the metabolism of these chemicals. Using a parent depletion approach, rat and human cytochromes P450 (P450s) were screened for their ability to eliminate deltamethrin or esfenvalerate during in vitro incubations. Rat P450 isoforms CYP1A1, CYP2C6, CYP2C11, and CYP3A2 and human P450 isoforms CYP2C8, CYP2C19, and CYP3A5 were capable of metabolizing either pyrethroid. Human CYP2C9 metabolized esfenvalerate but not deltamethrin. Rat and human P450s that metabolize esfenvalerate and deltamethrin do so with similar kinetics. In addition to the liver, a potential site of metabolic elimination of pyrethroids is the blood via serum carboxylesterase (CE) hydrolysis. The serum of rats, but not humans, contains significant quantities of CE. Deltamethrin and esfenvalerate were metabolized effectively by rat serum and a purified rat serum CE. In contrast, neither pyrethroid was metabolized by human serum or purified human serum esterases ( acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase). These studies suggest that the difference in rates of oxidative metabolism of pyrethroids by rat and human hepatic microsomes is dependent on the expression levels of individual P450 isoforms rather than their specific activity. Furthermore, these studies show that the metabolic elimination of deltamethrin and esfenvalerate in blood may be important to their disposition in rats but not in humans.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Resource Lab, Expt Toxicol Div,Pharmacokinet Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Curriculum Toxicol, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Ctr Environm Hlth Sci, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA.
RP DeVito, MJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Resource Lab, Expt Toxicol Div,Pharmacokinet Branch, MD B143-01, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM devito.mike@epa.gov
FU NCRR NIH HHS [P20 RR017661]
NR 32
TC 69
Z9 69
U1 6
U2 14
PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS
PI BETHESDA
PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA
SN 0090-9556
J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS
JI Drug Metab. Dispos.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 9
BP 1664
EP 1671
DI 10.1124/dmd.107.015388
PG 8
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 202RM
UT WOS:000248920800031
PM 17576809
ER
PT J
AU Villeneuve, DL
Ankley, GT
Makynen, EA
Blake, LS
Greene, KJ
Higley, EB
Newsted, JL
Giesy, JP
Hecker, M
AF Villeneuve, Daniel L.
Ankley, Gerald T.
Makynen, Elizabeth A.
Blake, Lindsey S.
Greene, Katie J.
Higley, Eric B.
Newsted, John L.
Giesy, John P.
Hecker, Markus
TI Comparison of fathead minnow ovary explant and H295R cell-based
steroidogenesis assays for identifying endocrine-active chemicals
SO ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
LA English
DT Article
DE endocrine disruption; steroid hormones; fungicides; prometon; fadrozole;
hormone synthesis
ID AROMATASE CYP19 ACTIVITY; ADRENOCORTICAL CARCINOMA-CELLS; IN-VITRO;
FUNGICIDE PROCHLORAZ; STEROID-BIOSYNTHESIS; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; SHALLOW
GROUNDWATER; RAINBOW-TROUT; INHIBITION; PESTICIDES
AB An in vitro steroidogenesis assay using H295R human adenocarcinoma cells has been suggested as a possible alternative to gonad explant assays for use as a Tier I screening assay to detect endocrine active chemicals capable of modulating steroid hormone synthesis. This study is one of the first to investigate the utility of the H295R assay for predicting effects and/or understanding mechanisms of action across species and tissues. Six chemicals, including one selective aromatase inhibitor (fadrozole), four fungicides (fenarimol, ketoconazole, prochloraz, and vinclozolin), and one herbicide (prometon), were tested in both the H295R steroidogenesis assay, and an in vitro steroidogenesis assay using fathead minnow ovary explants. All six chemicals caused significant alterations in 17 ss-estradiol (E2) and/or testosterone (T) production in vitro. Effects of ketoconazole, prochloraz, and prometon were similar in both assays. However, there were differences in the profile of responses for T for fadrozole and fenarimol, and for T and E2 for vinclozolin. In terms of sensitivity, steroid production in the H295R assay was most sensitive for detecting the effects of fadrozole, fenarimol, and prochloraz, but was less sensitive than the fathead minnow ovary explant assay to the effects of ketoconazole and vinclozolin. The H295R assay was consistently less variable (among replicates) than the fathead minnow ovary explant assay. However, the ovary explant assay was more predictive of in vivo effects of the six chemicals on fathead minnows than the H295R system. Further characterization of autoregulatory capacities, interaction of steroid-hormone receptor pathways with steroidogenesis, and metabolic capabilities of each system are needed for either system to provide clear and informative insights regarding a chemical's mechanism of action. Overall, however, results of this study suggest that both the H295R and fathead minnow ovary explant assays have utility for identifying endocrine-active chemicals in screening-type applications. Published by Elsevier Inc.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Natl Food Safety & Toxicol Ctr, Ctr Integrat Toxicol, Dept Zool, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Entrix Inc, Okemos, MI 48864 USA.
Univ Saskatchewan, Toxicol Ctr, Dept Vet Biomed Sci, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
City Univ Hong Kong, Ctr Coastal Pollut & Conservat, Dept Biol & Chem, Kowloon, Hong Kong, Peoples R China.
RP Villeneuve, DL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, 6201 Congdon Blvd, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
EM villeneuve.dan@epa.gov
RI Moreira, Eder/B-2309-2010
NR 58
TC 44
Z9 46
U1 0
U2 16
PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
PI SAN DIEGO
PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA
SN 0147-6513
J9 ECOTOX ENVIRON SAFE
JI Ecotox. Environ. Safe.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 68
IS 1
BP 20
EP 32
DI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2007.03.001
PG 13
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 213NK
UT WOS:000249674200003
PM 17449096
ER
PT J
AU Meyer, DE
Sikdar, SK
Hutson, ND
Bhattacharyya, D
AF Meyer, D. E.
Sikdar, S. K.
Hutson, N. D.
Bhattacharyya, D.
TI Examination of sulfur-functionalized, copper-doped iron nanoparticles
for vapor-phase mercury capture in entrained-flow and fixed-bed systems
SO ENERGY & FUELS
LA English
DT Article
ID FLUE-GAS; ACTIVATED CARBON; REMOVAL; ADSORPTION; OXIDATION; SORPTION
AB The use of copper-doped Fe nanoaggregates silanized with organic sulfur as bis-(triethoxy silyl propyl)tetra sulfide has been investigated for the capture of elemental mercury (Hg-0) from the vapor phase for potential power plant applications. Silanization procedures resulted in 70% deposition of the targeted sulfur level, with particles containing approximately 4 wt % S. The addition of copper was found to increase the fixed-bed (total) capacity of this type of sorbent from 170 +/- 20 mu g Hg center dot g sorbent(-1) with no copper doping to 2730 +/- 80 mu g Hg center dot g sorbent(-1) at 1.2 wt % Cu. When no S is deposited, the capacity of Fe/Cu nanoaggregates was only 180 mu g Hg center dot g sorbent(-1). These findings suggest that a combined Cu-S mechanism is responsible for Hg capture. Moving-bed (injection) testing of the Fe-based sorbents in a simulated flue gas stream showed that the 1.2 wt % Cu sample was able to achieve significant removal of the Hg. At a modest sorbent injection rate of 3.6 x 10(-3) g center dot L-1 center dot h(-1), this material showed a steady-state removal capacity of 107.5 mu g Hg center dot g sorbent(-1) for an inlet concentration of 17.8 mu g center dot m(-3). On the basis of only 4% usage of the total capacity during single-pass injection, it might be beneficial to develop methods to separate and recycle these materials to reduce power plant operation costs for Hg emissions control.
C1 Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Bhattacharyya, D (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem & Mat Engn, Lexington, KY 40506 USA.
EM db@engr.uky.edu
NR 16
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 1
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0887-0624
J9 ENERG FUEL
JI Energy Fuels
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 5
BP 2688
EP 2697
DI 10.1021/ef070120t
PG 10
WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical
SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering
GA 212PC
UT WOS:000249608300028
ER
PT J
AU Tarter, DC
Chaffee, DL
Bailey, JE
Raimondo, S
AF Tarter, Donald C.
Chaffee, Dwight L.
Bailey, Jeffery E.
Raimondo, Sandy
TI New state record of the mayfly Baetisca laurentina McDunnough for West
Virginia (Ephemeroptera : Baetiscidae) and new county records for
species of Baetisca in Kentucky and West Virginia, USA
SO ENTOMOLOGICAL NEWS
LA English
DT Article
DE Ephemeroptera; Baetisca; state and county records; Kentucky; West
Virginia
AB Baetisca laurentina McDunnough is reported for the first time from West Virginia. One male imago was collected near Twelvepole Creek, Wayne County, West Virginia. This record extends the range of this species eastward to the Mid-Atlantic coastal region. New distributional records (57) of Baetisca spp. are reported for Kentucky (15) and West Virginia (42). The following county records have been added to the list of Baetisca spp. from the two states: Baetisca berneri Tarter and Kirchner (KY/1 and WV/13), B. carolina Traver (WV/3), B. gibbera (WV/1), B. lacustris McDunnough KY/14 and (WV/22), B. laurentina McDunnough (WV/1), and B. rubescens Provancher (WV/2). Baetisca lacustris is the most widespread baetiscid in West Virginia (26 counties) and Kentucky (25 counties). This species was found in six drainage basins (I, II, IV, V, VI, VII) in West Virginia. Only one baetiscid mayfly, B. rubescens, was recorded for drainage basin III.
C1 Marshall Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
W Virginia Dept Environm Protect, Charleston, WV 25304 USA.
US EPA, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
RP Tarter, DC (reprint author), Marshall Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Huntington, WV 25755 USA.
EM tarter@marshall.edu; jbailey@wvdep.org; sandyraimondo@yahoo.com
NR 19
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER ENTOMOL SOC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1900 BENJ FRANKLIN PARKWAY, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-1195 USA
SN 0013-872X
J9 ENTOMOL NEWS
JI Entomol. News
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2007
VL 118
IS 4
BP 407
EP 416
DI 10.3157/0013-872X(2007)118[407:NSROTM]2.0.CO;2
PG 10
WC Entomology
SC Entomology
GA 232HH
UT WOS:000251008800013
ER
PT J
AU Fuentes, M
Chaudhuri, A
Holland, DM
AF Fuentes, Montserrat
Chaudhuri, Arin
Holland, David M.
TI Bayesian entropy for spatial sampling design of environmental data
SO ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECOLOGICAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayesian inference; matern covariance; national air quality standards;
nonstationarity; simulated annealing; spatial statistics
ID NETWORKS; INFORMATION
AB We develop a spatial statistical methodology to design national air pollution monitoring networks with good predictive capabilities while minimizing the cost of monitoring. The underlying complexity of atmospheric processes and the urgent need to give credible assessments of environmental risk create problems requiring new statistical methodologies to meet these challenges. In this work, we present a new method of ranking various subnetworks taking both the environmental cost and the statistical information into account. A Bayesian algorithm is introduced to obtain an optimal subnetwork using an entropy framework. The final network and accuracy of the spatial predictions is heavily dependent on the underlying model of spatial correlation. Usually the simplifying assumption of stationarity, in the sense that the spatial dependency structure does not change location, is made for spatial prediction. However, it is not uncommon to find spatial data that show strong signs of nonstationary behavior. We build upon an existing approach that creates a nonstationary covariance by a mixture of a family of stationary processes, and we propose a Bayesian method of estimating the associated parameters using the technique of Reversible Jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo. We apply these methods for spatial prediction and network design to ambient ozone data from a monitoring network in the eastern US.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
SAS, Cary, NC USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Fuentes, M (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM fuentes@stat.ncsu.edu; holland.david@epamail.epa.gov
NR 24
TC 29
Z9 31
U1 1
U2 8
PU SPRINGER
PI DORDRECHT
PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS
SN 1352-8505
J9 ENVIRON ECOL STAT
JI Environ. Ecol. Stat.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 14
IS 3
BP 323
EP 340
DI 10.1007/s10651-007-0017-0
PG 18
WC Environmental Sciences; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications;
Statistics & Probability
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Mathematics
GA 201IN
UT WOS:000248824800009
ER
PT J
AU Sibrell, PL
Chambers, MA
Deaguero, AL
Wildeman, TR
Reisman, DJ
AF Sibrell, Philip L.
Chambers, Marissa A.
Deaguero, Andria L.
Wildeman, Thomas R.
Reisman, David J.
TI An innovative carbonate coprecipitation process for the removal of zinc
and manganese from mining impacted waters
SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
DE acid mine drainage; limestone coprecipitation; carbon dioxide;
alkalinity; metal removal; manganese; zinc
ID CALCITE PRECIPITATION; MINE DRAINAGE; LIMESTONE; SEAWATER; SURFACE
AB Although mine drainage is usually thought of as acidic, there are many cases where the water is of neutral pH, but still contains metal species that can be harmful to human or aquatic animal health, such as manganese (Mn) and zinc (Zn). Typical treatment of mine drainage waters involves pH adjustment, but this often results in excessive sludge formation and removal of nontoxic species such as magnesium and calcium. Theoretical consideration of the stability of metal carbonate species suggests that the target metals could be removed from solution by coprecipitation with calcium carbonate. The U. S. Geological Survey has developed a limestone-based process for remediation of acid mine drainage that increases calcium carbonate saturation. This treatment could then be coupled with carbonate coprecipitation as an innovative method for removal of toxic metals from circumneutral mine drainage waters. The new process was termed the carbonate coprecipitation (CCP) process. The CCP process was tested at the laboratory scale using a synthetic mine water containing 50 mg/L each of Mn and Zn. Best results showed over 95% removal of both Mn and Zn in less than 2 h of contact in a limestone channel. The process was then tested on a sample of water from the Palmerton zinc superfund site, near Palmerton, Pennsylvania, containing over 300 mg/L Zn and 60 mg/L Mn. Treatment of this water resulted in removal of over 95% of the Zn and 40% of the Mn in the limestone channel configuration. Because of the potential economic advantages of the CCP process, further research is recommended for refinement of the process for the Palmerton water and for application to other mining impacted waters as well.
C1 USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
Colorado Sch Mines, Dept Chem & Geochem, Golden, CO 80401 USA.
US EPA, ORD Engn Tech Support Ctr MLK489, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Sibrell, PL (reprint author), USGS, Leetown Sci Ctr, 11649 Leetown Rd, Kearneysville, WV 25430 USA.
EM psibrell@usgs.gov
OI Sibrell, Philip/0000-0001-5666-1228
NR 25
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 2
U2 11
PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC
PI NEW ROCHELLE
PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA
SN 1092-8758
J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI
JI Environ. Eng. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 24
IS 7
BP 881
EP 895
DI 10.1089/ees.2006.0126
PG 15
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 214ZR
UT WOS:000249777400003
ER
PT J
AU Stevens, RG
Blask, DE
Brainard, GC
Hansen, J
Lockley, SW
Provencio, I
Rea, MS
Reinlib, L
AF Stevens, Richard G.
Blask, David E.
Brainard, George C.
Hansen, Johnni
Lockley, Steven W.
Provencio, Ignacio
Rea, Mark S.
Reinlib, Leslie
TI Meeting report: The role of environmental lighting and circadian
disruption in cancer and other diseases
SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
LA English
DT Article
ID SHORT-WAVELENGTH SENSITIVITY; CHRONIC JET-LAG; BREAST-CANCER; ENDOCRINE
SYSTEMS; MAMMALIAN RETINA; ACTION SPECTRUM; GANGLION-CELLS;
ELECTRIC-POWER; BLIND MICE; MELATONIN
AB Light, including artificial light, has a range of effects on human physiology and behavior and can therefore alter human physiology when inappropriately timed. One example of potential light-induced disruption is the effect of light on circadian organization, including the production of several hormone rhythms. Changes in light-dark exposure (e.g., by nonday occupation or transmeridian travel) shift the timing of the circadian system such that internal rhythms can become desynchronized from both the external environment and internally with each other, impairing our ability to sleep and wake at the appropriate times and compromising physiologic and metabolic processes. Light can also have direct acute effects on neuroendocrine systems, for example, in suppressing melatonin synthesis or elevating cortisol production that may have untoward long-term consequences. For these reasons, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences convened a workshop of a diverse group of scientists to consider how best to conduct research on possible connections between lighting and health. According to the participants in the workshop, there are three broad areas of research effort that need to be addressed. First are the basic biophysical and molecular genetic mechanisms for phototransduction for circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral regulation. Second are the possible physiologic consequences of disrupting these circadian regulatory processes such as on hormone production, particularly melatonin, and normal and neoplastic tissue growth dynamics. Third are effects of light-induced physiologic disruption on disease occurrence and prognosis, and how prevention and treatment could be improved by application of this knowledge.
C1 Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Community Med, Farmington, CT 06030 USA.
Bassett Res Inst, Cooperstown, NY USA.
Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA.
Danish Canc Soc, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA.
Univ Virginia, Dept Biol, Charlottesville, VA USA.
Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Lighting Res Ctr, Troy, NY USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Div Extramural Res & Traning, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Stevens, RG (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Community Med, 263 Farmington Ave, Farmington, CT 06030 USA.
EM bugs@uchc.edu
FU NIEHS NIH HHS [R21 ES011659, ES11659]
NR 60
TC 142
Z9 145
U1 3
U2 16
PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE
PI RES TRIANGLE PK
PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233,
RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA
SN 0091-6765
J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP
JI Environ. Health Perspect.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 115
IS 9
BP 1357
EP 1362
DI 10.1289/ehp.10200
PG 6
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 206RM
UT WOS:000249200600034
PM 17805428
ER
PT J
AU Brown, S
DeVolder, P
Compton, H
Henry, C
AF Brown, Sally
DeVolder, Pam
Compton, Harry
Henry, Chuck
TI Effect of amendment C : N ratio on plant richness, cover and metal
content for acidic Pb and Zn mine tailings in Leadville, Colorado
SO ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
LA English
DT Article
DE in situ soil amendment; mine tailings; Carbon : nitrogen ratio; native
plants
ID AMENDED SOILS; BIOSOLIDS; CADMIUM; RECLAMATION; WILDLIFE; GROWTH
AB Biosolids and woody debris were applied with target C:N ratios of 8:1 to 50:1 to phytotoxic, acidic, high metal mine tailings to test the effect of amendment C:N ratio on native plant restoration. Total soil C decreased over time indicating an active microbial community. The 8:1 treatment initially had no growth, the highest plant cover for the final sampling (86.8 +/- 13.8%) and the lowest number of species (3.33 +/- 0.4). The greatest number of species was in the 30:1 treatment (5.44 +/- 0.45). Plant cover increased over time for all treatments from 44.7% in 2001 to 71 % in 2005. This response was consistent across all except for the 30:1 treatment, which showed a slight decrease in the final year (65 +/- 11%). Volunteer species and evidence of animal grazing were observed in all amended plots. Results indicate that a C:N ratio >= 20:1 increased species diversity. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
US Foreign Serv, Dulles, VA 20189 USA.
US EPA, Edison, NJ 08837 USA.
RP Brown, S (reprint author), Univ Washington, Box 352100, Seattle, WA 98195 USA.
EM slb@u.washington.edu; pamdevo@hotmail.com; compton.harry@epa.gov;
clh@u.washington.edu
NR 25
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 5
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-7491
J9 ENVIRON POLLUT
JI Environ. Pollut.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 149
IS 2
BP 165
EP 172
DI 10.1016/j.envpol.2007.01.008
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 212MS
UT WOS:000249601200005
PM 17368677
ER
PT J
AU Fang, YX
Al-Abed, SR
AF Fang, Yuanxiang
Al-Abed, Souhail R.
TI Partitioning, desorption, and dechlorination of a PCB congener in
sediment slurry supernatants
SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; HYDROPHOBIC ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS;
POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; NATURAL SEDIMENTS; SORPTION KINETICS; WATER;
COEFFICIENTS; EQUILIBRIUM; ADSORPTION; POLLUTANTS
AB Partitioning and desorption played specific roles in the dechlorination of 2-chlorobiphenyl (2-CIBP) in sediment slurry supernatants, which are suspensions of dissolved organic matter (DOM). In short-term experiments, the partition coefficient (K-p) was related to the apparent dechlorination rate constant. The Kp value (160 L g(DOC)(-1)), which is independent of the DOM concentration, was determined based on the decrease of the apparent rate constant with the increase of the DOM concentration. In the long-term experiments, the overall rate of dechlorination can be described with a two-compartment model. The time constant for the sediment compartment was related to Kp and the desorption rate constant (k(d)). The kd value (0.21 h(-1)) was determined based on the decrease of the time constant values with an increasing DOM concentration. The use of DOM suspensions allowed a short time for equilibrium. Separation of the aqueous and DOM phases was not needed due to the dechlorination of 2-CIBP. The fundamental relationships between overall dechlorination rate constant and properties of the contaminant and sediment were established.
C1 US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Al-Abed, SR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, 26 W Martin Luther King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM al-abed.souhail@epa.gov
NR 32
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 2
U2 13
PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA
SN 0013-936X
J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL
JI Environ. Sci. Technol.
PD SEP 1
PY 2007
VL 41
IS 17
BP 6253
EP 6258
DI 10.1021/es070167t
PG 6
WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 207GR
UT WOS:000249240100058
PM 17937311
ER
PT J
AU Meylan, W
Boethling, R
Aronson, D
Howard, P
Tunkeli, J
AF Meylan, Willian
Boethling, Robert
Aronson, Dallas
Howard, Philip
Tunkeli, Jay
TI Chemical structure-based predictive model for methanogenic anaerobic
biodegradation potential
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE biodegradation; anaerobic; fragment contribution; erum bottle test;
chemical structure
ID READY BIODEGRADABILITY; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS;
ORGANIC-CHEMICALS; TRANSFORMATIONS; DEGRADATION; TOXICITY; SYSTEMS; SOIL
AB Many screening-level models exist for predicting aerobic biodegradation potential from chemical structure, but anaerobic biodegradation generally has been ignored by modelers. We used a fragment contribution approach to develop a model for predicting biodegradation potential under methanogenic anaerobic conditions. The new model has 37 fragments (substructures) and classifies a substance as either fast or slow, relative to the potential to be biodegraded in the "serum bottle" anaerobic biodegradation screening test (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Guideline 311). The model correctly classified 90, 77, and 91% of the chemicals in the training set (n = 169) and two independent validation sets (n = 35 and 23), respectively. Accuracy of predictions of fast and slow degradation was equal for training-set chemicals, but fast-degradation predictions were less accurate than slow-degradation predictions for the validation sets. Analysis of the signs of the fragment coefficients for this and the other (aerobic) Biowin (c) models suggests that in the context of simple group contribution models, the majority of positive and negative structural influences on ultimate degradation are the same for aerobic and methanogenic anaerobic biodegradation.
C1 US EPA, Off Polut Prevent & Tox, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Syracuse Res Corp, Ctr Environm Sci, New York, NY 13212 USA.
RP Boethling, R (reprint author), US EPA, Off Polut Prevent & Tox, 1200 Penn Ave, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM boethling.bob@epa.gov
NR 41
TC 17
Z9 17
U1 1
U2 18
PU SOCIETY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 9
BP 1785
EP 1792
DI 10.1897/06-579R.1
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 202EX
UT WOS:000248885900001
PM 17702545
ER
PT J
AU Wilson, VS
Cardon, MC
Gray, LE
Hartig, PC
AF Wilson, Vickie S.
Cardon, Mary C.
Gray, L. Earl, Jr.
Hartig, Phillip C.
TI Competitive binding comparison of endocrine-disrupting compounds to
recombinant androgen receptor from fathead minnow, rainbow trout, and
human
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE anclrogen receptor; fathead minnow; rainbow trout; human; ndocrine
disruptors
ID REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY; PIMEPHALES-PROMELAS; ATLANTIC CROAKER; MILL
EFFLUENT; CDNA CLONING; IN-VITRO; VINCLOZOLIN; IDENTIFICATION;
TESTOSTERONE; GOLDFISH
AB Typically, in vitro hazard assessments for the identification of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs), including those Outlined in the Endocrine Disruptor Screening and Testing Advisory Committee (EDSTAC) Tier I Screening protocols, utilize mammalian receptors. Evidence, however, exists that fish sex steroid hormone receptors differ from mammalian receptors both structurally and in their binding affinities for some steroids and environmental chemicals. Most of the binding studies to date have been conducted using cytosolic preparations from various tissues. In the present Study, we compare competitive binding of a set of compounds to full-length recombinant rainbow trout androgen receptor a (rtAR), fathead minnow androgen receptor (fhAR), and human androgen receptor (hAR), each expressed in COS cells. Saturation binding and subsequent Scatchard analysis using [H-3]R 1881, a high-affinity synthetic androgen, revealed an equilibrium dissociation constant (K-d) Of 0.11 nM for the rtAR, 1.8 nM for the fhAR. and 0.84 nM for the hAR. Compounds, including endogenous and synthetic steroids, known mammalian antiandrogens, and environmental compounds, were tested for competitive binding to each of the three receptors. Overall, agreement existed across receptors as to binding versus nonbinding for all compounds tested in this study. Minor differences, however, were found in the relative order of binding of the compounds to the individual receptors. Studies such as these will facilitate the identification of EDCs that may differentially affect specific species and aid in the development and support of future risk assessment protocols.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Wilson, VS (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Reprod Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM wilson.vickie@epa.gov
NR 36
TC 40
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 14
PU SOCIETY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 9
BP 1793
EP 1802
DI 10.1897/06-593R.1
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 202EX
UT WOS:000248885900002
PM 17705648
ER
PT J
AU Albers, PH
Koterba, MT
Rossmann, R
Link, WA
French, JB
Bennett, RS
Bauer, WC
AF Albers, Peter H.
Koterba, Michael T.
Rossmann, Ronald
Link, William A.
French, John B.
Bennett, Richard S.
Bauer, Wayne C.
TI Effects of methylmercury on reproduction in American kestrels
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE methylmercury; American kestrel; reproduction; toxic effects; egg
ID SMALL MAMMALS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; PEREGRINE FALCON;
NORTH-AMERICA; MERCURY; EGGS; BIRDS; INSECTICIDE; RESIDUES; CADMIUM
AB Sixty breeding pairs of captive American kestrels (Falco sparverius) were exposed to a range of sublethal dietary concentrations of mercury (Hg), in the form of methylmercuric chloride, and their subsequent reproduction was measured. Egg production, incubation performance, and the number and percent of eggs hatched decreased markedly between 3.3 and 4.6 mg/kg dry weight of Hg (1.2 and 1.7 mg/kg wet wt), in the diet. The number of fledglings and the percent of nestlings fledged were reduced markedly at 0.7 mg/kg dry weight (0.3 mg/kg wet wt) and declined further between 2 and 3.3 mg/kg dry weight (0.7 and 1.2 mg/kg wet wt). Dietary concentrations of >= 4.6 rng/kg dry weight (1.7 mg/kg wet wt) were associated with total fledging failure. The estimated decline in fledged young per pair (24%, Bayesian regression) for kestrels consuming 0.7 mg/kg dry weight (0.3 mg/kg wet wt) raises concerns about population maintenance in areas subject to high inputs of anthropogenic Hg. Mercury concentrations in 20 second-laid eggs collected from all groups were related to dietary concentrations of Hg, and the Hg concentrations in 19 of these eggs were related to eggs laid and young fledged. Concentrations of Hg in eggs from the highest diet group (5.9 mg/kg dry wt; 2.2 mg/kg wet wt) were higher than egg concentrations reported for either wild birds or for captive birds (nonraptors) fed dry commercial food containing 5 mg/kg methylmercury. Accumulation ratios of Hg from diets to eggs were higher than those reported for feeding studies with other species.
C1 Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Beltsville Lab, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
US Geol Survey, Maryland Sci Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21237 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab,Large Lakes, Mid Continent Ecol Div,Large Lakes & Rivers Forec, Grosse Ile, MI 48128 USA.
US Geol Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, Gabrielson Lab, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Albers, PH (reprint author), Beltsville Agr Res Ctr E, Beltsville Lab, Patuxent Wildlife Res Ctr, US Geol Survey, Bldg 308,10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA.
EM palbers@usgs.gov
NR 44
TC 46
Z9 47
U1 3
U2 11
PU SOCIETY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 9
BP 1856
EP 1866
DI 10.1897/06-592R.1
PG 11
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 202EX
UT WOS:000248885900009
PM 17702546
ER
PT J
AU Raimondo, S
Montague, BJ
Barron, MG
AF Raimondo, Sandy
Montague, Brian J.
Barron, Mace G.
TI Determinants of variability in acute to chronic toxicity ratios for
aquatic invertebrates and fish
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE acute/chronic ratios; aquatic organisms; mode of action; aquatic
toxicity
ID CHEMICAL-STRUCTURE; ORGANISMS
AB Variability in acute to chronic ratios (ACRs; median lethal or effect concentration divided by chronic value) has been of continuing interest in aquatic toxicology because of the reliance on ACRs to estimate chronic toxicity for chemicals and species with known acute toxicity data but with limited or no information for chronic toxicity. To investigate the variability and significant differences in ACRs, an extensive data set was compiled of 456 same-species pairs of acute and maximum acceptable toxicant concentrations for metals. narcotics, pesticides, and other organic chemicals. The overall median value for 456 aquatic invertebrate and fish ACRs analyzed in the present study was 8.3, with a 16,000-fold range in values (1.1-18,550) and a 32-fold range in 10th and 90th percentile values (2.5-79.5). Median ACRs for taxa. ambient habitat media, chronic test end point, and chemical mode of action (MOA)/class categories generally were similar but, in some cases, extremely variable (ranges of I to >10,000). No significant differences (p <= 0.05) were found in median ACRs between taxa, although invertebrate ACRs generally were more variable than fish ACRs. Freshwater organisms had median ACRs significantly greater than those of saltwater species and also were more variable. No significant differences were found in median ACRs among chemical MOA/class data sets; however, ACR variance differed significantly among MOAs. Although few significant differences occurred among median ACRs for different groups. those categories that were highly variable are at an increased risk of underestimated chronic toxicity when mean or median ACRs are used.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
US EPA 7507P, Off Pesticides Programs, Environm Fate & Effects Div, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Raimondo, S (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Lab, Gulf Ecol Div, 1 Sabine Isl Dr, Gulf Breeze, FL 32561 USA.
EM raimondo.sandy@epa.gov
NR 20
TC 41
Z9 42
U1 5
U2 19
PU SOCIETY ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC
PI PENSACOLA
PA 1010 NORTH 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA
SN 0730-7268
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM
JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 26
IS 9
BP 2019
EP 2023
DI 10.1897/07-069R.1
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology
GA 202EX
UT WOS:000248885900030
PM 17705662
ER
PT J
AU Crofton, KM
Paul, KB
De Vito, MJ
Hedge, JM
AF Crofton, Kevin M.
Paul, Katie B.
De Vito, Michael J.
Hedge, Joan M.
TI Short-term in vivo exposure to the water contaminant triclosan: Evidence
for disruption of thyroxine
SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE Triclosan; thyroxine (T-4); thyroid hormone (TH); endocrine disruptor
ID PERSONAL CARE PRODUCTS; PREGNANE-X-RECEPTOR; THYROID-HORMONE;
BRAIN-DEVELOPMENT; ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICALS; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTERS;
NUCLEAR RECEPTOR; RISK-ASSESSMENT; WASTE-WATER; INDUCTION
AB Triclosan (5-chioro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) is a chlorinated phenolic antibacterial compound found as an active ingredient in many personal care and household products. The structural similarity of triclosan to thyroid hormones and recent studies demonstrating activation of the human pregnane X receptor (PXR) and inhibition of diiodothyronine (T-2) sulfotransferases, have raised concerns about adverse effects on thyroid homeostasis. The current research tested the hypothesis that triclosan alters circulating concentrations of thyroxine. The hypothesis was tested using a 4-day oral triclosan exposure (0-1000 mg/kg/day) in weanling female Long-Evans rats, followed by measurement of circulating levels of serum total thyroxine (T-4). Dose-dependent decreases in total T4 were observed. The benchmark dose (BMD) and lower bound on the BMD (BMDL) for the effects on T4 were 69.7 and 35.6 mg/kg/day, respectively. These data demonstrate that triclosan disrupts thyroid hormone homeostasis in rats. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Expt Toxicol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Crofton, KM (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Div Neurotoxicol, Off Res & Dev, MD-B 105-04, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM crofton.kevin@epa.gov
RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015
OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971
NR 36
TC 102
Z9 105
U1 5
U2 36
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 1382-6689
J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL PHAR
JI Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 24
IS 2
BP 194
EP 197
DI 10.1016/j.etap.2007.04.008
PG 4
WC Environmental Sciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology
GA 203NG
UT WOS:000248980700018
PM 21783810
ER
PT J
AU Chen, A
Basso, O
AF Chen, Aimin
Basso, Olga
TI Does low maternal blood pressure during pregnancy increase the risk of
perinatal death?
SO EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID HYPOTENSION; HYPERTENSION
AB Background: A recent report described an association between low maximum diastolic blood pressure (DBP) during pregnancy and perinatal death (stillbirth and death in the first week combined). The authors did not account for gestational length, a strong predictor of perinatal death. Methods: We studied 41,089 singleton pregnancies from the U.S. Collaborative Perinatal Project (1959-1966). Results: We observed an association between low maximum DBP and elevated risk of perinatal death. However, this association disappeared after accounting for reverse causation related to gestational length. At any given gestational week, women whose offspring ultimately experienced perinatal death did not have significantly lower maximum DBP than women whose offspring survived the perinatal period. When accounting for the trend of increasing DBP during late pregnancy through gestational-age-specific DBP standardized score, we saw no association between low diastolic blood pressure and perinatal death. Conclusions: Low maximum maternal DBP during pregnancy is a post hoc correlate of perinatal death, not a true risk factor.
C1 Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Pub Hlth, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Chen, A (reprint author), Creighton Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Pub Hlth, 2500 Calif Plaza, Omaha, NE 68178 USA.
EM aiminchen@creighton.edu
RI Basso, Olga/E-5384-2010
OI Basso, Olga/0000-0001-9298-4921
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 ES999999]
NR 15
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 2
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1044-3983
J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY
JI Epidemiology
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 18
IS 5
BP 619
EP 622
DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e31812713e6
PG 4
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 203UW
UT WOS:000249000500016
PM 17879438
ER
PT J
AU Wen, HT
Hogaboam, CM
Lukacs, NW
Cook, DN
Lira, SA
Kunkel, SL
AF Wen, Haitao
Hogaboam, Cory M.
Lukacs, Nicholas W.
Cook, Donald N.
Lira, Sergio A.
Kunkel, Steven L.
TI The chemokine receptor CCR6 is an important component of the innate
immune response
SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE chemokine; macrophage; sepsis
ID INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN 3-ALPHA; DENDRITIC CELLS; BONE-MARROW;
CCR6-DEFICIENT MICE; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN
MONOCYTES; UNITED-STATES; SEVERE SEPSIS; HOST-DEFENSE
AB In our initial studies we found that naive CCR6-deficient (CCR6(-/-)) C57BL/6 mice possessed significantly lower number of both F4/80(+) macrophages and dendritic cells (DC), but higher number of B cells in the peritoneal cavity, as compared to naive wild type (WT) controls. Furthermore, peritoneal macrophages isolated from CCR6-/- mice expressed significantly lower levels of inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation, as compared to WT macrophages. In a severe experimental peritonitis model induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), CCR6-/- mice were protected when compared with WT controls. At 24 h following the induction of peritonitis, CCR6-/- mice exhibited significantly lower levels of inflammatory cytokines/chemokines in both the peritoneal cavity and blood. Interestingly, DC recruitment into the peritoneal cavity was impaired in CCR6(-/-) mice during the evolution of CLP-induced peritonitis. Peritoneal macrophages isolated from surviving CCR6-/- mice 3 days after CLP-induced peritonitis exhibited an enhanced LPS response compared with similarly treated WT peritoneal macrophages. These data illustrate that CCR6 deficiency alters the innate response via attenuating the hyperactive local and systemic inflammatory response during CLP-induced peritonitis.
C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Immunobiol Ctr, New York, NY 10029 USA.
RP Kunkel, SL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, 4071 BSRB,109 Zina Pitcher Pl, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA.
EM slkunkel@umich.edu
RI hogaboam, cory /M-3578-2014
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL74024, HL31237, HL31963]
NR 54
TC 15
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 1
PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
PI WEINHEIM
PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY
SN 0014-2980
J9 EUR J IMMUNOL
JI Eur. J. Immunol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 37
IS 9
BP 2487
EP 2498
DI 10.1002/eji.200737370
PG 12
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 214MV
UT WOS:000249743200018
PM 17694574
ER
PT J
AU Adams, PB
Botsford, LW
Gobalet, KW
Leidy, RA
McEwan, DR
Moyle, PB
Smith, JJ
Williams, JG
Yoshiyama, RM
AF Adams, Peter B.
Botsford, Louis W.
Gobalet, Kenneth W.
Leidy, Robert A.
McEwan, Dennis R.
Moyle, Peter B.
Smith, Jerry J.
Williams, John G.
Yoshiyama, Ronald M.
TI Coho salmon are native south of San Francisco Bay: A reexamination of
north American Coho salmon's southern range limit
SO FISHERIES
LA English
DT Article
ID CALIFORNIA; VARIABILITY; POPULATIONS; FISHERIES; CLIMATE; RATES
AB Kaczynski and Alvarado (2006) have challenged the established southern boundary of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) at the San Lorenzo River. They conclude that it is improbable coho salmon maintained self-sustaining populations south of San Francisco Bay, based primarily on evidence from early museum collections and literature, the archaeological record, analyses of ocean conditions, and suitability of habitat. They suggest that hatchery plantings were the source of these coho salmon south of San Francisco Bay. Using the same and new information, we are able to counter these statements. Our examination of existing records found no reason to discount the coho salmon collections made in 1895 from streams south of San Francisco. Early distributional records state that coho salmon were abundant from San Francisco northward, but did not indicate coho salmon were absent south of San Francisco. Recent archeological evidence documents the presence of coho salmon in middens south of San Francisco prior to European habitation of the region. Furthermore, we found no creditable climatic, oceanographic, or ecological evidence for habitat differences between areas immediately north and south of San Francisco Bay. In fact, we believe that there is a more reasonable habitat and faunal break south of the San Lorenzo River, encompassing the allegedly controversial southern range of the coho salmon.
C1 NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Calif State Univ, Dept Biol, Bakersfield, CA USA.
US EPA, San Francisco, CA USA.
Calif Dept Water Resources, Sacramento, CA USA.
San Jose State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, San Jose, CA 95192 USA.
RP Adams, PB (reprint author), NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, SW Fisheries Sci Ctr, Santa Cruz, CA USA.
EM Pete.Adams@noaa.gov
NR 58
TC 6
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 5
PU AMER FISHERIES SOC
PI BETHESDA
PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA
SN 0363-2415
J9 FISHERIES
JI Fisheries
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 9
BP 441
EP 451
DI 10.1577/1548-8446(2007)32[441:CSANSO]2.0.CO;2
PG 11
WC Fisheries
SC Fisheries
GA 224DS
UT WOS:000250427100008
ER
PT J
AU Auclair, BA
Benoit, YD
Rivard, N
Mishina, Y
Perreault, N
AF Auclair, Benoit A.
Benoit, Yannick D.
Rivard, Nathalie
Mishina, Yuji
Perreault, Nathalie
TI Bone morphogenetic protein signaling is essential for terminal
differentiation of the intestinal secretory cell lineage
SO GASTROENTEROLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID CRYPT-VILLUS AXIS; ENTEROENDOCRINE CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; SUPPRESSION;
COLON; REQUIREMENT; PATHWAY; CANCER; MICE
AB Background & Aims: Bone morphogenetic proteins (Bmps) are morphogens known to play key roles in gastrointestinal development and pathology. Most Bmps are produced primarily by the mesenchymal compartment and activate their signaling pathways following a paracrine or autocrine route. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of epithelial Bmp signaling in intestinal morphogenesis and maintenance of adult epithelial cell functions. Methods: With the use of tissue-specific gene ablation, we generated mice lacking the Bmp receptor type IA (Bmprla) exclusively in the intestinal epithelium. Bmprla mutant and control mice were sacrificed for histology, immunofluorescence, Western blot analysis, electron microscopy, and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results: As well as showing increased proliferation and altered intestinal epithelial morphology, Bmpr1a mutant mice revealed that epithelial Bmp signaling is associated with impaired terminal differentiation of cells from the secretory lineage but not with the determination of cell fate. Loss of Bmp signaling exclusively in the epithelial compartment is not sufficient for the initiation of the de novo crypt phenomenon associated with juvenile polyposis syndrome. Conclusions: Epithelial Bmp signaling plays an important role in the terminal differentiation of the intestinal secretory cell lineage but not in de novo crypt formation. These findings emphasize the importance of delineating the contribution of the stroma vs the epithelium in gastrointestinal physiology and pathology.
C1 Univ Sherbrooke, Fac Med Sci, Canadian Inst Hlth Res Team Digest Epithelium, Dept Anat & Biol Cellulaire, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Reprod & Dev Toxicol Lab, Dev Biol Sect, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Perreault, N (reprint author), Univ Sherbrooke, Fac Med Sci, Dept Anat & Biol Cellulaire, 3001 12E Ave Nord, Sherbrooke, PQ J1H 5N4, Canada.
EM Nathalie.Perreault@USherbrooke.ca
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 30
TC 80
Z9 83
U1 0
U2 2
PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA
SN 0016-5085
J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY
JI Gastroenterology
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 3
BP 887
EP 896
DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.06.066
PG 10
WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology
GA 208NQ
UT WOS:000249326900022
PM 17678919
ER
PT J
AU Job, C
AF Job, Charles
TI Trends in inorganic contaminant violations at ground water systems
SO GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Job, C (reprint author), US EPA, Off Ground Water & Drinking Water, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 0
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1069-3629
J9 GROUND WATER MONIT R
JI Ground Water Monit. Remediat.
PD FAL
PY 2007
VL 27
IS 4
BP 42
EP +
PG 3
WC Water Resources
SC Water Resources
GA 233TA
UT WOS:000251112000002
ER
PT J
AU Karn, B
Mathews, HS
AF Karn, Barbara
Mathews, H. Scott
TI Nanoparticles without macroproblems - Now is the time to anticipate
adverse effects.
SO IEEE SPECTRUM
LA English
DT Article
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Engn & Publ Policy, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
Carnegie Mellon Univ, Green Design Inst, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA.
RP Karn, B (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
NR 0
TC 3
Z9 3
U1 0
U2 1
PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
PI PISCATAWAY
PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA
SN 0018-9235
J9 IEEE SPECTRUM
JI IEEE Spectr.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 44
IS 9
BP 54
EP 58
PG 5
WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
SC Engineering
GA 206WW
UT WOS:000249214600017
ER
PT J
AU Hollingsworth, JW
Whitehead, G
Berman, KG
Tekippe, EM
Gilmour, MI
Larkin, JE
Quackenbush, J
Schwartz, DA
AF Hollingsworth, John W.
Whitehead, Gregory
Berman, Katherine Gray
Tekippe, Erin McElvania
Gilmour, M. Ian
Larkin, Jennie E.
Quackenbush, John
Schwartz, David A.
TI Genetic basis of murine antibacterial defense to streptococcal lung
infection
SO IMMUNOGENETICS
LA English
DT Article
DE tlr2; tlr4; innate immunity; lung; Streptococcus zooepidemicus;
interstrain differences
ID CELL WALL COMPONENTS; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-4; PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA;
CUTTING EDGE; HOST-DEFENSE; MICE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; RECOGNITION;
RESISTANCE; TLR4
AB To evaluate the effect of genetic background on antibacterial defense to streptococcal infection, eight genetically diverse strains of mice (A/J, DBA/2J, CAST/Ei, FVB/NJ, BALB/cJ, C57BL/6J, 129/SvImJ, and C3H/HeJ) and tlr2-deficient mice (C57BL/6(tlr2-/-)) were infected with three doses of Streptococcus zooepidemicus (500, 5,000, or 50,000 colony-forming units) by alveolar challenge. There was a range of susceptibility between the strains at each dose and time point (6, 24, and 96 h). At the lowest dose, the 129/SvImJ and C3H/HeJ strains had significantly higher bacterial counts at all time points after infection, when compared to A/J, DBA/2J, CAST/Ei, FVB/NJ, which were resistant to infection at the low dose of innoculum. At the medium dose, 129/SvImJ and C3H/HeJ had higher bacterial counts, while A/J, DBA/2J, and BALB/cJ showed reduced streptococcal growth. After the highest dose of Streptococcus, there were minimal differences between strains, suggesting the protective impact of modifier genes can be overcome. TLR2-deficient animals contained increased bacterial load with reduced cytokines after 96 h when compared to C57BL/6J controls suggesting a role of innate immunity in late antibacterial defense. Overall, we identify vulnerable (129/SvlmJ and C3H/HeJ) and resistant (A/J, FVB, and DBA) mouse strains to streptococcal lung infection, which demonstrate divergent genetic expression profiles. These results demonstrate that innate differences in pulmonary host defense to S. zooepidemicus are dependent on host genetic factors.
C1 Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
US EPA, Raleigh, NC USA.
Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD USA.
RP Hollingsworth, JW (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pulm Allergy & Crit Care Med, POB 3136, Durham, NC 27710 USA.
EM holli017@mc.duke.edu
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL67467, HL91335]; NIAID NIH HHS [AI58161]; NIEHS NIH HHS
[ES11375, ES11961, ES12496, ES12717]
NR 35
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 0
U2 0
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0093-7711
J9 IMMUNOGENETICS
JI Immunogenetics
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 59
IS 9
BP 713
EP 724
DI 10.1007/s00251-007-0242-6
PG 12
WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology
SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology
GA 211CZ
UT WOS:000249503200003
PM 17701033
ER
PT J
AU Fan, H
Williams, DL
Zingarelli, B
Breuel, KF
Teti, G
Tempel, GE
Spicher, K
Boulay, G
Birnbaumer, L
Halushka, PV
Cook, JA
AF Fan, Hongkuan
Williams, David L.
Zingarelli, Basilia
Breuel, Kevin F.
Teti, Giuseppe
Tempel, George E.
Spicher, Karsten
Boulay, Guylain
Birnbaumer, Lutz
Halushka, Perry V.
Cook, James A.
TI Differential regulation of lipopolysaccharide and Gram-positive bacteria
induced cytokine and chemokine production in macrophages by G alpha(i)
proteins
SO IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE endotoxin; G(i) protein-deficient mice; group B streptococci;
Staphylococcus aureus; toll-like receptor signalling
ID SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION EVENTS; NITRIC-OXIDE PRODUCTION;
TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCI; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS;
MURINE MACROPHAGES; TYROSINE KINASE; CUTTING EDGE; RECEPTOR; ACTIVATION
AB Heterotrimeric G(i) proteins play a role in signalling activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), Staphylococcus aureus (SA) and group B streptococci (GBS), leading to production of inflammatory mediators. We hypothesized that genetic deletion of G(i) proteins would alter cytokine and chemokine production induced by LPS, SA and GBS stimulation. LPS-induced, heat-killed SA-induced and heat-killed GBS-induced cytokine and chemokine production in peritoneal macrophages from wild-type (WT), G alpha(-/-)(i2) or G alpha(-/-)(i1/3) mice were investigated. LPS induced production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10 and interferon-gamma-inducible protein-10 (IP-10); SA induced TNF-alpha, and IL-1 beta production; and GBS induced TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1 beta, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) and keratinocyte chemoattract (KC) production were all decreased (P < 0.05) in G alpha(-/-)(i2) or G alpha(-/-)(i1/3) mice compared with WT mice. In contrast to the role of G(i) proteins as a positive regulator of mediators, LPS-induced production of MIP-1 alpha and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) were increased in macrophages from G alpha(-/-)(i1/3) mice, and SA-induced MIP-1 alpha production was increased in both groups of G alpha(i) protein-depleted mice. LPS-induced production of KC and IL-1 beta, SA-induced production of GM-CSF, KC and IP-10, and GBS-induced production of IL-10, GM-CSF and IP-10 were unchanged in macrophages from G alpha(-/-)(i2) or G alpha(-/-)(i1/3) mice compared with WT mice. These data suggest that G(i2) and G(i1/3) proteins are both involved and differentially regulate murine inflammatory cytokine and chemokine production in response to both LPS and Gram-positive microbial stimuli.
C1 Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurosci, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med & Pharmacol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
E Tennessee State Univ, James H Quillen Coll Med, Dept Surg, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Crit Care Med, Cincinnati, OH USA.
E Tennessee State Univ, James H Quillen Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA.
Med Univ Messina, Dept Expt Pathol & Microbiol, Messina, Italy.
Univ Dusseldorf, Sch Med, Inst Biochem & Mol Biol, D-4000 Dusseldorf, Germany.
Univ Sherbrooke, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol, Sherbrooke, PQ J1H 5N4, Canada.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Lab Signal Transduct, Transmembrane Signaling Grp, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Cook, JA (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Neurosci, 173 Ashley Ave,BSB Room 403, Charleston, SC 29425 USA.
EM cookja@musc.edu
FU Intramural NIH HHS; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK19318]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM27673, R01
GM027673, R01 GM067202, R01 GM053522, GM67202, GM53522]
NR 39
TC 17
Z9 20
U1 0
U2 1
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0019-2805
J9 IMMUNOLOGY
JI Immunology
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 122
IS 1
BP 116
EP 123
DI 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2007.02619.x
PG 8
WC Immunology
SC Immunology
GA 204JU
UT WOS:000249040700013
PM 17484771
ER
PT J
AU Morris, J
AF Morris, Jeff
TI Untitled
SO ISSUES IN SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Off Sci Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Morris, J (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Off Sci Policy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM Morris.Jeff@epamail.epa.gov
NR 0
TC 16
Z9 16
U1 0
U2 0
PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES
PI WASHINGTON
PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA
SN 0748-5492
J9 ISSUES SCI TECHNOL
JI Issues Sci. Technol.
PD FAL
PY 2007
VL 24
IS 1
BP 9
EP 10
PG 2
WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial;
Multidisciplinary Sciences; Social Issues
SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Social Issues
GA 221NK
UT WOS:000250234400005
ER
PT J
AU Chiu, WA
Bois, FY
AF Chiu, Weihsueh A.
Bois, Frederic Y.
TI An approximate method for population toxicokinetic analysis with
aggregated data
SO JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL STATISTICS
LA English
DT Article
DE 1-3 butadiene; Bayesian; inter-individual variability; Markov chain
Monte; Carlo simulation; population pharmacokinetics
ID CHAIN MONTE-CARLO; BAYESIAN-APPROACH; RANDOM-VARIABLES;
PHARMACOKINETICS; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; BENZENE; HUMANS; MODELS; SUMS; MICE
AB Standard statistical models for analyzing inter-individual variability in clinical pharmacokinetics (nonlinear mixed effects; hierarchical Bayesian) require individual data. However, for environmental or occupational toxicants only aggregated data are usually available, so toxicokinetic analyses typically ignore population variability. We propose a hierarchical Bayesian approach to estimate inter-individual variability from the observed mean and variance at each time point, using a bivariate normal (or lognormal) approximation to their joint likelihood. Through analysis of both simulated data and real toxicokinetic data from 1,3-butadiene exposures, we conclude that given information on the form of the individual-level model, useful information on inter-individual variability may be obtainable from aggregated data, but that additional sensitivity and identifiability checks are recommended.
C1 US Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Inst Natl Environm Ind, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France.
Risque Unite Toxicol Expt Parc Alata, F-60550 Verneuil En Halatte, France.
RP Chiu, WA (reprint author), US Environm Protect Agcy, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM chiu.weihsueh@epa.gov; Frederic.Bois@ineris.fr
RI Bois, Frederic/E-9241-2012
OI Bois, Frederic/0000-0002-4154-0391
NR 30
TC 2
Z9 2
U1 0
U2 3
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC & INT BIOMETRIC SOC
PI WASHINGTON
PA 1444 I ST NW, STE 700, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA
SN 1085-7117
J9 J AGR BIOL ENVIR ST
JI J. Agric. Biol. Environ. Stat.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 12
IS 3
BP 346
EP 363
DI 10.1198/108571107X229340
PG 18
WC Biology; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability
SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Mathematical & Computational
Biology; Mathematics
GA 204YT
UT WOS:000249080600003
ER
PT J
AU Lay, JC
Alexis, NE
Kleeberger, SR
Roubey, RAS
Harris, BD
Bromberg, PA
Hazucha, MJ
Devlin, RB
Peden, DB
AF Lay, John C.
Alexis, Neil E.
Kleeberger, Steven R.
Roubey, Robert A. S.
Harris, Bradfrd D.
Bromberg, Philip A.
Hazucha, Milan J.
Devlin, Robert B.
Peden, David B.
TI Ozone enhances markers of innate immunity and antigen presentation on
airway monocytes in healthy individuals
SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY
LA English
DT Letter
ID IN-VIVO; EXPOSURE; ASTHMA; VOLUNTEERS
C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth, Lab Res Biol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
US EPA, Natl Hlth Environm Effects Res Lab, Human Studies Div, Clin Res Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Lay, JC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Ctr Environm Med Asthma & Lung Biol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA.
EM jcl@med.unc.edu
RI Lay, John/A-6380-2012
FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000046-461441, M01 RR000046]; NIEHS NIH HHS [R01
ES012706, R01 ES012706-03]
NR 9
TC 33
Z9 33
U1 0
U2 1
PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER
PI NEW YORK
PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA
SN 0091-6749
J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN
JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 120
IS 3
BP 719
EP 722
DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.05.005
PG 4
WC Allergy; Immunology
SC Allergy; Immunology
GA 211DV
UT WOS:000249505400037
PM 17586033
ER
PT J
AU Isakov, V
Irwin, JS
Ching, J
AF Isakov, Vlad
Irwin, John S.
Ching, Jason
TI Using CMAQ for exposure Modeling and characterizing the subgrid
variability for exposure estimates
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE -
ID HAZARDOUS AIR-POLLUTANTS; SCALE
AB Atmospheric processes and the associated transport and dispersion of atmospheric pollutants are known to be highly variable in time and space. Current air-quality models that characterize atmospheric chemistry effects, for example, the Community Multiscale Air Quality model (CMAQ), provide volume-averaged concentration values for each grid cell in the modeling domain given the stated conditions. Given the assumptions made and the limited set of processes included in any model's implementation, there are many sources of "unresolved" subgrid variability. This raises the question of the importance of the unresolved subgrid variations on exposure assessment results if such models were to be used to assess air toxics exposure. In this study, the Hazardous Air Pollutant Exposure Model (HAPEM) is applied to estimate benzene and formaldehyde inhalation exposure using ambient annually averaged concentrations predicted by CMAQ to investigate how within-grid variability can affect exposure estimates. An urban plume dispersion model was used to estimate the subgrid variability of annually averaged benzene concentration values within CMAQ grid cells for a modeling domain centered on Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Significant (greater than a factor of 2) increases in maximum exposure impacts were seen in the exposure estimates in comparison with exposure estimates generated using CMAQ grid-averaged concentration values. These results consider only one source of subgrid variability, namely, the discrete location and distribution of emissions, but they do suggest the importance and value of developing improved characterizations of subgrid concentration variability for use in air toxics exposure assessments.
C1 NOAA, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
John S Irwin & Assoc, Raleigh, NC USA.
RP Ching, J (reprint author), US EPA, ADM, NERL, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM isakov.vlad@epa.gov
NR 24
TC 35
Z9 35
U1 0
U2 6
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 46
IS 9
BP 1354
EP 1371
DI 10.1175/JAM2538.1
PG 18
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 218HF
UT WOS:000250005900004
ER
PT J
AU Bowker, GE
Gillette, DA
Bergametti, G
Marticorena, B
Heist, DK
AF Bowker, George E.
Gillette, Dale A.
Bergametti, Gilles
Marticorena, Beatrice
Heist, David K.
TI Sand flux Simulations at a small scale over a heterogeneous mesquite
area of the northern chihuahuan desert
SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED METEOROLOGY AND CLIMATOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID MECHANICAL RESUSPENSION MECHANISMS; THRESHOLD FRICTION VELOCITY; GRASS
SECALE-CERCELE; WIND EROSION; NEW-MEXICO; AEOLIAN TRANSPORT;
UNITED-STATES; SALTATION; FIELD; PARTICLES
AB Within areas of the Chihuahuan Desert dominated by honey mesquite bushes (Prosopis glandulosa), soil erosion causes open eroded patches and the formation of large coppice dunes. The airflow patterns around the dunes and through the open areas are correlated with sand flux and erosion. This study uses wind velocity simulations from the Quick Urban and Industrial Complex (QUIC) model in combination with a sand flux parameterization to simulate sand fluxes for each of eight storms occurring in the springs of 2003 and 2004. Total sand fluxes based on the sum of all the sand collectors located within the study domain were usually within 50% of the measured values for each of the storms, with simulations for individual sand collectors also often within 50% of the measured values. Simulated fluxes based on two different sand flux parameterizations were generally within 10% of each other, differing substantially only when the sand flux was low (near the threshold velocity). Good agreement between the field observations with a Sensit instrument and QUIC simulations for the same location and time series suggests that QUIC could be used to predict the spatial and temporal variation of sand flux patterns for a domain.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Model Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Univ Paris 07, CNRS, Lab Interuniv Syst Atmospher, Creteil, France.
NOAA, Air Resources Lab, Atmospher Sci Modeling Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Bowker, GE (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Atmospher Model Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM bowker.george@epa.gov
NR 43
TC 11
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 5
PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
PI BOSTON
PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA
SN 1558-8424
J9 J APPL METEOROL CLIM
JI J. Appl. Meteorol. Climatol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 46
IS 9
BP 1410
EP 1422
DI 10.1175/JAM2537.1
PG 13
WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
GA 218HF
UT WOS:000250005900008
ER
PT J
AU Parashar, R
Govindaraju, RS
Hantush, MM
AF Parashar, Rishi
Govindaraju, Rao S.
Hantush, Mohammed M.
TI Temporal moment analysis for volatile organic compounds in dual-porosity
porous media: Loss fractions and effective parameters
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE
LA English
DT Article
ID SCALE MASS-TRANSFER; THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT; UNSATURATED SOIL; SOLUTE
TRANSPORT; CHEMICALS; MODEL; DISPERSION; DEGRADATION; SEDIMENTS; COLUMNS
AB Using transform techniques, analytical expressions for potential losses by volatilization and degradation are developed for several organic compounds in dual porosity porous media. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to study the importance of different physical/chemical processes on volatilization, degradation, and leaching losses. To obtain estimates for overall solute behavior, expressions for effective Peclet numbers and degradation rates for organic contaminants are presented using method of moments. Results indicate that large fractions of many organic compounds are likely to volatilize into the atmosphere for sandy and clayey soils under typical flow conditions. It is found that nondimensional degradation influences both advective and dispersive effects. Thus, the Peclet number from effective-parameter equation tends to be enhanced when the nondimensional degradation is rather high. The simple expressions for moments and effective parameters can be used as screening tools to assess the behavior of volatile compounds in vadoze zone of soils.
C1 Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Parashar, R (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Civil Engn, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.
OI Govindaraju, Rao/0000-0003-3957-3319
NR 23
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
PI RESTON
PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA
SN 0733-9372
J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE
JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 133
IS 9
BP 879
EP 890
DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372
PG 12
WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences
SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 201JH
UT WOS:000248826800003
ER
PT J
AU Nevers, MB
Whitman, RL
Frick, WE
Ge, ZF
AF Nevers, Meredith B.
Whitman, Richard L.
Frick, Walter E.
Ge, Zhongfu
TI Interaction and influence of two creeks on Escherichia coli
concentrations of nearby beaches: Exploration of predictability and
mechanisms
SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
LA English
DT Article
ID SOUTHERN LAKE-MICHIGAN; FECAL INDICATOR BACTERIA; COASTAL WATER-QUALITY;
HUNTINGTON-BEACH; SURF ZONE; ENTEROCOCCI; INACTIVATION; CALIFORNIA;
TRANSPORT; SEAWATER
AB The impact of river outfalls on beach water quality depends on numerous interacting factors. The delivery of contaminants by multiple creeks greatly complicates understanding of the source contributions, especially when pollution might originate up- or down-coast of beaches. We studied two beaches along Lake Michigan that are located between two creek outfalls to determine the hydrometeorologic factors influencing near-shore microbiologic water quality and the relative impact of the creeks. The creeks continuously delivered water with high concentrations of Escherichia colt to Lake Michigan, and the direction of transport of these bacteria I was affected by current direction. Current direction reversals were associated with elevated E coli concentrations at Central Avenue beach. Rainfall, barometric pressure, wave height, wave period, and creek specific conductance were significantly related to E coli concentration at the beaches and were the parameters used in predictive models that best described E coli variation at the two beaches. Multiple inputs to numerous beaches complicates the analysis and understanding of the relative relationship of sources but affords opportunities for showing how these complex creek inputs might interact to yield collective or individual effects on beach water quality.
C1 USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
US EPA, Ecosyst Res Div, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
RP Nevers, MB (reprint author), USGS, Great Lakes Sci Ctr, Lake Michigan Ecol Res Stn, 1100 N Mineral Springs Rd, Porter, IN 46304 USA.
EM mnevers@usgs.gov
OI Nevers, Meredith/0000-0001-6963-6734
NR 33
TC 29
Z9 29
U1 0
U2 7
PU AMER SOC AGRONOMY
PI MADISON
PA 677 S SEGOE RD, MADISON, WI 53711 USA
SN 0047-2425
J9 J ENVIRON QUAL
JI J. Environ. Qual.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2007
VL 36
IS 5
BP 1338
EP 1345
DI 10.2134/jeq2007.0025
PG 8
WC Environmental Sciences
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 217CY
UT WOS:000249927200014
PM 17636296
ER
PT J
AU Lakind, JS
Wilkins, AA
Bates, MN
AF Lakind, Judy S.
Wilkins, Amy A.
Bates, Michael N.
TI Human breast biomonitoring and environmental chemicals: use of breast
tissues and fluids in breast cancer etiologic research
SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Review
DE breast biomonitoring; cancer; environmental chemicals; NAF; breast milk
ID NIPPLE ASPIRATE FLUID; POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL RESIDUES; POLYCYCLIC
AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; MAMMARY-GLAND CARCINOGENESIS; DUCTAL
EPITHELIAL-CELLS; HUMAN-MILK SURVEILLANCE; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; RISK-FACTORS;
DNA-ADDUCTS; UNITED-STATES
AB Extensive research indicates that the etiology of breast cancer is complex and multifactorial and may include environmental risk factors. Breast cancer etiology and exposure to xenobiotic compounds, diet, electromagnetic fields, and lifestyle have been the subject of numerous scientific inquiries, but research has yielded inconsistent results. Biomonitoring has been used to explore associations between breast cancer and levels of environmental chemicals in the breast. Research using breast tissues and fluids to cast light on the etiology of breast cancer is, for the most part, predicated on the assumption that the tissue or fluid samples either contain measurable traces of the environmental agent(s) associated with the cancer or that they retain biological changes that are biomarkers of such exposure or precursors of carcinogenic effect. In this paper, we review breast cancer etiology research utilizing breast biomonitoring. We first provide a brief synopsis of the current state of understanding of associations between exposure to environmental chemicals and breast cancer etiology. We then describe the published breast cancer research on tissues and fluids, which have been used for biomonitoring, specifically human milk and its components, malignant and benign breast tissue, nipple aspirate fluid (NAF) and breast cyst fluid. We conclude with a discussion on recommendations for biomonitoring of breast tissues and fluids in future breast cancer etiology research. Both human milk and NAF fluids, and the cells contained therein, hold promise for future biomonitoring research in to breast cancer etiology, but must be conducted with carefully delineated hypotheses and a scientifically supportable epidemiological approach.
C1 LaKind Assoc, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA.
Milton S Hershey Med Ctr, Penn State Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA 17033 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Environm Hlth Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.
RP Lakind, JS (reprint author), LaKind Assoc, 106 Oakdale Ave, Catonsville, MD 21228 USA.
EM lakindassoc@comcast.net
NR 116
TC 5
Z9 5
U1 2
U2 5
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1559-0631
J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID
JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 17
IS 6
BP 525
EP 540
DI 10.1038/sj.jes.7500548
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Toxicology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Toxicology
GA 209PQ
UT WOS:000249400900004
PM 17356564
ER
PT J
AU Pauer, JJ
Taunt, KW
Melendez, W
Kreis, RG
Anstead, AM
AF Pauer, James J.
Taunt, Katherine W.
Melendez, Wilson
Kreis, Russell G., Jr.
Anstead, Amy M.
TI Resurrection of the lake Michigan Eutrophication model, MICH1
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE lake Michigan; mathematical model; phosphorus; chlorophyll-a
ID GREAT-LAKES; PHYTOPLANKTON; DYNAMICS; ONTARIO
AB The Lake Michigan model, MICH1, was developed more than 30 years ago. This framework was evaluated using field data collected in 1976 and was later applied to predict total phosphorus and phytoplankton concentrations in Lake Michigan during the 1980s and early 1990s. With a renewed interest in the interaction of phytoplankton with toxics and the applicability to Total Maximum Daily Load studies, several new models have been developed and older models have been revived. As part of our interest in plankton dynamics in Lake Michigan, the MICH1 model was resurrected. The model was evaluated over the 1976-1995 period, with a surprisingly good model fit to lake-wide average total phosphorus (TP) field data. However, the model was less successful in mimicking the chlorophyll-a measurements, especially in the hypolimnion. Given the results, the model was applied to perform a few long-term TP model simulations. Using the model with average 1994-95 phosphorus loadings, a steady state was reached within approximately 20 years, and the lakewide phosphorus concentration was below the International Joint Commission water quality guideline of 7,mu g/L. This exercise demonstrated that a relatively simple, four-segment model was able to mimic the TP lake-wide data well. However, this model was less suitable to predict future chlorophyll-a concentrations due to the limitation in the representation of the foodchain and the difficulty of the coarse segmentation of the model to capture the deep chlorophyll-a layer. Strengths and limitations of this model can guide future development of eutrophication models for Lake Michigan and the other Great Lakes.
C1 Z Tech Corp, USEPA Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA.
Welso Fed Serv LLC, USEPA Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA.
Comp Sci Corp, USEPA Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA.
US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Mid Continent Ecol Div,Large Lakes & Rivers Forec, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA.
RP Pauer, JJ (reprint author), Z Tech Corp, USEPA Large Lakes Res Stn, Grosse Ile, MI 48138 USA.
EM Pauer.james@epa.gov
NR 37
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 4
PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 33
IS 3
BP 554
EP 565
DI 10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[554:ROTLME]2.0.CO;2
PG 12
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 223JE
UT WOS:000250365400004
ER
PT J
AU Watkins, JM
Dermott, R
Lozano, SJ
Mills, EL
Rudstam, LG
Scharold, JV
AF Watkins, James M.
Dermott, Ronald
Lozano, Stephen J.
Mills, Edward L.
Rudstam, Lars G.
Scharold, Jill V.
TI Evidence for remote effects of dreissenid mussels on the amphipod
Diporeia: analysis of Lake Ontario Benthic Surveys, 1972-2003
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE amphipod; diporeia; Dreissena; lake Ontario; competition
ID GREAT-LAKES; MONOPOREIA-AFFINIS; KEWEENAW PENINSULA; NEPHELOID LAYER;
MICHIGAN; POLYMORPHA; COMMUNITY; SUPERIOR; ERIE; FOOD
AB The status of invasive dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis) and native amphipods (Diporeia spp.) in Lake Ontario was assessed in 2003 and compared with historical data. D. polymorpha (zebra mussels) were rarely observed in 2003, having been displaced by D. bugensis (quagga mussels). D. bugensis expanded its depth range from 38 m depth in 1995 to 174 m in 2003 and this dreissenid reached densities averaging 8,000/m(2) at all sites < 90 m. During the same time period, Diporeia populations almost completely disappeared from 0-90 m depth, continuing a declining trend from 1994-1997 reported in previous studies. The average density of Diporeia in the 30-90 m depth interval decreased from 1,380/m(2) to 63/m(2) between 1997 and 2003. Prior to 2003, areas deeper than 90 m represented a refuge for Diporeia, but even these deep populations decreased, with densities declining from 2,181/m(2) in 1999 to 545/m(2) in 2003. Two common hypotheses for the decline of Diporeia in the Great Lakes are food limitation and a toxin/pathogen associated with dreissenid pseudofeces. The Diporeia decline in deep waters preceded the expansion of D. bugensis to these depths, and suggests that shallow dreissenid populations remotely influence profundal habitats. This pattern of decline is consistent with mechanisms that act from some distance including nearshore dreissenid grazing and downslope transport of pseudofeces.
C1 Cornell Biol Field Stn, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
Canada Ctr Inland Waters, Dept Fisheries & Oceans, Burlington, ON L7R 4A6, Canada.
NOAA, Great Lakes Environm Res Lab, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
US EPA, Mid Continent Ecol Div, Duluth, MN 55804 USA.
RP Watkins, JM (reprint author), Cornell Biol Field Stn, 900 Shackelton Pt Rd, Bridgeport, NY 13030 USA.
EM jmw237@cornell.edu
NR 49
TC 49
Z9 49
U1 4
U2 22
PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 33
IS 3
BP 642
EP 657
DI 10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[642:EFREOD]2.0.CO;2
PG 16
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 223JE
UT WOS:000250365400011
ER
PT J
AU Tepolt, CK
Blum, MJ
Lee, VA
Hanson, ED
AF Tepolt, Carolyn K.
Blum, Michael J.
Lee, Victoria A.
Hanson, Erik D.
TI Genetic analysis of the Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)
introduced to the North American Great Lakes and St. Lawrence seaway
SO JOURNAL OF GREAT LAKES RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE Chinese mitten crab; eriocheir sinensis; great lakes; invasive species;
multiple introductions; St. Lawrence seaway
ID CONTINENTAL EUROPE; INVASION; POPULATIONS; PATTERNS; INDIVIDUALS
AB The Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) is an invasive organism of concern, with established non-native populations in Europe and California, USA. The species is thought to pose a risk to other North American waterways, including the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway. Since 1965, there have been sixteen confirmed adult E. sinensis caught in the North American Great Lakes or adjoining waterways. Analysis of their mitochondrial DNA sequence variation for part of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I gene discerned three haplotypes among seven individuals (caught between 1973 and 2005), identical to common haplotypes in Europe. Analysis of mitochondrial haplotype frequencies and shipping patterns suggests that E. sinensis has been introduced to the Great Lakes from Europe, although we are unable to preclude native Asian populations as putative sources. The species is catadromous, migrating between salt and fresh water to complete its life cycle. This trait makes it unlikely that E. sinensis will establish a breeding population in the Great Lakes proper, which are separated from saltwater by a considerable distance and significant instream barriers such as waterfalls and navigation locks. However, the recent discovery of two confirmed mitten crabs in the St. Lawrence River, which could be more readily colonized, underscores the risk posed by the repeated introduction of this species into the Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Tulane Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA.
Lake Erie Management Unit, Wheatley, ON N0P 2P0, Canada.
Portland State Univ, Ctr Lakes & Reservoirs, Portland, OR 97207 USA.
RP Tepolt, CK (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Ecol Exposure Res Div, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM carolyn.tepolt@gmail.com
NR 30
TC 8
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 6
PU INT ASSOC GREAT LAKES RES
PI ANN ARBOR
PA 2205 COMMONWEALTH BLVD, ANN ARBOR, MI 48105 USA
SN 0380-1330
J9 J GREAT LAKES RES
JI J. Gt. Lakes Res.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 33
IS 3
BP 658
EP 667
DI 10.3394/0380-1330(2007)33[658:GAOTCM]2.0.CO;2
PG 10
WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology
GA 223JE
UT WOS:000250365400012
ER
PT J
AU Pfaller, SL
Aronson, TW
Holtzman, AE
Covert, TC
AF Pfaller, Stacy L.
Aronson, Timothy W.
Holtzman, Alan E.
Covert, Terry C.
TI Amplified fragment length polymorphism analysis of Mycobacterium avium
complex isolates recovered from southern California
SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NONTUBERCULOUS MYCOBACTERIA; SUBSP
PARATUBERCULOSIS; RESTRICTION; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; STRAINS;
IS1245; TUBERCULOSIS; DIVERSITY
AB Fine-scale genotyping methods are necessary in order to identify possible sources of human exposure to opportunistic pathogens belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis was evaluated for fingerprinting 159 patient and environmental MAC isolates from southern California. AFLP analysis accurately identified strains belonging to M. avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare and differentiated between strains within each species. The method was also able to differentiate strains that were presumed to be genetically identical in two previous studies using large RFLP analysis with PFGE, or PCR-amplification of DNA segments located between insertion sequences IS 1245 and IS 1311. For M. avium, drinking-water isolates clustered more closely with each other than with patient or food isolates. Patient isolates were more genetically diverse. None of the environmental isolates shared identical AFLP patterns with patient isolates for either species. There were, however, environmental isolates that shared identical patterns, and patient isolates that shared identical patterns. A subset of the isolates, which are referred to as MX isolates due to their ambiguous identification with the Gen-Probe system, produced AFLP patterns similar to those obtained from M. intracellulare isolates. Sequence analysis of 16S rDNA obtained from the MX isolates suggests that they are strains of M. intracellulare that were not correctly identified by the M. intracellulare AccuProbe from Gen-Probe.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
Olive View Univ Calif Los Angeles, Med Ctr, Educ & Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA.
SHAW Environm & Infrastruct Inc, Cincinnati, OH USA.
RP Pfaller, SL (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM pfaller.stacy@epa.gov
NR 51
TC 7
Z9 8
U1 1
U2 2
PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY
PI READING
PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG,
BERKS, ENGLAND
SN 0022-2615
J9 J MED MICROBIOL
JI J. Med. Microbiol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 56
IS 9
BP 1152
EP 1160
DI 10.1099/jmm.0.47075-0
PG 9
WC Microbiology
SC Microbiology
GA 213YK
UT WOS:000249703000004
PM 17761476
ER
PT J
AU Lindquist, HDA
Harris, S
Lucas, S
Hartzel, M
Riner, D
Rochele, P
DeLeon, R
AF Lindquist, H. D. Alan
Harris, Stephanie
Lucas, Sasha
Hartzel, Margaret
Riner, Diana
Rochele, Paul
DeLeon, Ricardo
TI Using ultrafiltration to concentrate and detect Bacillus anthracis,
Bacillus atrophaeus subspecies globigii, and Cryptosporidium parvum in
100-liter water samples
SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS
LA English
DT Article
DE Bacillus anthracis; Bacillus atrophaeus subspecies globigii;
Cryptosporidium parvum; ultrafiltration; sampling; water
ID POPULATION; RECOVERY; OOCYSTS; VIRUSES; GIARDIA
AB A strategy that uses ultrafiltration (UF) to concentrate microorganisms from water samples has been developed and tested. This strategy was tested using 100-liter water samples with volume reduction achieved through ultrafiltration and recycling the microorganisms of interest through a retentate vessel, rather than returning them to the sample container, where they might pose an incremental hazard to sample takers or the environment. Three protocols based on this strategy were tested. The first protocol entailed sample volume reduction and collection of the final reduced sample. The second and third protocols both incorporated pretreatment of the filter and fluid lines with a solution to prevent microorganisms from adhering. In the second protocol, the filter was back flushed with a surfactant solution to recover microorganisms. The third protocol used recirculation of a surfactant solution to recover microorganisms. Tests were undertaken using 100-liter water samples spiked with approximately 100 or 1000 microorganisms (1 or 10 per liter). Test microorganisms included Bacillus anthracis Sterne strain, Bacillus atrophaeus subsp. globigii, and Cryptosporidium parvum. The first protocol had significantly lower recovery than the other two. Back flushing resulted in higher recovery than forward flushing, but the difference was not statistically significant. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
US EPA, Port Orchard, WA USA.
Pegasus Tech Serv, Cincinnati, OH USA.
Metropolitan Dist So Calif, La Verne, CA USA.
RP Lindquist, HDA (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Homeland Secur Res Ctr, 26 W M L King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM Lindquist.alan@epa.gov
NR 24
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 12
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0167-7012
J9 J MICROBIOL METH
JI J. Microbiol. Methods
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 70
IS 3
BP 484
EP 492
DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2007.06.007
PG 9
WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology
GA 212DM
UT WOS:000249573800012
PM 17669525
ER
PT J
AU Taylor, MM
Stokes, WS
Bajuscak, R
Serdula, M
Siegel, KL
Griffin, B
Keiser, J
Agate, L
Kite-Powell, A
Roach, D
Humbert, N
Brusuelas, K
Shekar, SS
AF Taylor, Melanie M.
Stokes, William S.
Bajuscak, Ronald
Serdula, Mary
Siegel, Karen L.
Griffin, Brian
Keiser, Jeffrey
Agate, Lisa
Kite-Powell, Aaron
Roach, David
Humbert, Nancy
Brusuelas, Kristin
Shekar, Sam S.
TI Mobilizing mobile medical units for hurricane relief: The United States
Public Health Service and Broward County Health Department response to
hurricane Wilma, Broward county, Florida
SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE
LA English
DT Article
DE disaster relief; hurricane; mobile medical units; syndromic surveillance
ID KATRINA
AB Objectives: To describe the outcomes Of a collaborative response of federal, state, county, and local agencies in conducting syndromic surveillance and delivering medical care to persons affected by the storm through the use of mobile medical units. Methods: Nine mobile medical vans were staffed with medical personnel to deliver care in communities affected by the storm. Individual patient encounter information was collected. Results: A total of 14 033 housing units were approached and checked for occupants. Of residents with whom contact was made, approximately 10 percent required medical assessment in their homes; 3 218 clients were medically evaluated on the mobile medical vans. Sixty-two percent of clients were female. The most common presenting complaints included normal health maintenance (59%), upper respiratory tract illness (10%), and other illness (10%). Injuries occurred in 9 percent. A total of 1 531 doses of medications were dispensed from the mobile medical units during the response. Conclusion: Mobile medical units provided an efficient means to conduct syndromic surveillance and to reach populations in need of medical care who were unable to access fixed local medical facilities.
C1 United States Publ Hlth Serv Commissioned Corps, Rockville, MD USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Inst Hlth, Natl Toxicol Program Interagency Evaluat Alternat, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
United States Publ Hlth Serv Commissioned Corps, Natl Consultant Oral Med Pathol, Rockville, MD USA.
Broward Ctr Hlth Dept, Florida Dept Hlth, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA.
Broward Epidemiol Florida, Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA.
Bureau Epidemiol Florida, Dept Hlth, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA.
Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA.
US Publ Hlth Serv Commiss Corps, Bethesda, MD USA.
Natl Inst Hlth, Clin Res Grants, Off Extramural Res, Bethesda, MD USA.
RP Taylor, MM (reprint author), Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, United States Publ Hlth Serv, Off Infect Dis Serv, 150 N 18th Ave,Suite 140, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA.
EM taylorm@azdhs.gov
RI Siegel, Karen Lohmann/B-5898-2008;
OI Siegel, Karen Lohmann/0000-0002-0788-6612
NR 8
TC 6
Z9 6
U1 1
U2 3
PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
PI PHILADELPHIA
PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA
SN 1078-4659
J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN
JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 5
BP 447
EP 452
PG 6
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
GA 203RU
UT WOS:000248992500003
PM 17762687
ER
PT J
AU Yuan, LL
AF Yuan, Lester L.
TI Maximum likelihood method for predicting environmental conditions from
assemblage composition: The R package bio.infer
SO JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL SOFTWARE
LA English
DT Article
DE maximum likelihood; paleolimnology; weighted averaging; environmental
prediction; R
ID REGRESSION; DIATOMS; PH; CALIBRATION; INFERENCES; ERROR
AB This paper provides a brief introduction to the R package bio. infer, a set of scripts that facilitates the use of maximum likelihood (ML) methods for predicting environmental conditions from assemblage composition. Environmental conditions can often be inferred from only biological data, and these inferences are useful when other sources of data are unavailable. ML prediction methods are statistically rigorous and applicable to a broader set of problems than more commonly used weighted averaging techniques. However, ML methods require a substantially greater investment of time to program algorithms and to perform computations. This package is designed to reduce the effort required to apply ML prediction methods.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Yuan, LL (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
EM yuan.lester@epa.gov
NR 13
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU JOURNAL STATISTICAL SOFTWARE
PI LOS ANGELES
PA UCLA DEPT STATISTICS, 8130 MATH SCIENCES BLDG, BOX 951554, LOS ANGELES,
CA 90095-1554 USA
SN 1548-7660
J9 J STAT SOFTW
JI J. Stat. Softw.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 22
IS 3
BP 1
EP 20
PG 20
WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics &
Probability
SC Computer Science; Mathematics
GA 252EP
UT WOS:000252429700001
ER
PT J
AU Billets, S
Dindal, A
AF Billets, Stephen
Dindal, Amy
TI History and accomplishments of the US environmental protection agency's
superfund innovative technology evaluation (SITE) monitoring and
measurement technology (MMT) program
SO JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION
LA English
DT Article
DE US EPA; SITE program; monitoring technologies; technology evaluation
AB This manuscript presents a detailed narrative of the history, accomplishments, and evolution of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's (EPA) Superfund Innovative Technology Evaluation (SITE) Monitoring and Measurement Technology (MMT) Verification Program. This includes a discussion of how fundamental concepts of a performance testing/verification program were developed in response to the 1986 Congressional legislation that was enacted to bring together technology developers, users, and EPAs credibility in a national testing program. One impetus for the program was the technology developers' need for a cost effective and technically credible program for showcasing the performance of their technologies to EPA regions, other federal agencies, and other clients. The SITE Program was EPAs first technology verification program and it has served as a model for subsequent evaluation programs. The performance characteristics of 70 technologies have been verified by the SITE MMT Program. A survey of developers that have participated in the program indicated their overall satisfaction and a summary of their observations is presented. The outcome of the program and its legacy represents an important contribution to the EPA Superfund Program and the use of field analytical technologies.
C1 US EPA, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA.
RP Billets, S (reprint author), US EPA, 944 E Harmon Ave, Las Vegas, NV 89119 USA.
NR 2
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 2
PU AMER SOC TESTING MATERIALS
PI W CONSHOHOCKEN
PA 100 BARR HARBOR DR, W CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA
SN 0090-3973
J9 J TEST EVAL
JI J. Test. Eval.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 5
BP 486
EP 495
PG 10
WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
SC Materials Science
GA 208ME
UT WOS:000249322600005
ER
PT J
AU Rappold, AG
Lavine, M
Lozier, S
AF Rappold, Ana Grohovac
Lavine, Michael
Lozier, Susan
TI Subjective likelihood for the assessment of trends in the ocean's
mixed-layer depth
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Article
DE Bayes; climate change; elicitation; foundations; likelihood;
oceanography.
AB This article describes a Bayesian statistical analysis of long-term changes in the depth of the ocean's mixed layer. The data are thermal profiles recorded by ships. For these data, there is no good sampling model and thus no obvious likelihood function. Our approach is to elicit posterior distributions for training data directly from the expert. We then infer the likelihood function and use it on large datasets.
C1 Duke Univ, US EPA, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
Duke Univ, Sch Environm Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Rappold, AG (reprint author), Duke Univ, US EPA, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM ana@stat.duke.edu; michael@stat.duke.edu; mslozier@duke.edu
NR 5
TC 4
Z9 4
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0162-1459
J9 J AM STAT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 102
IS 479
BP 771
EP 780
DI 10.1198/016214507000000761
PG 10
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 214QD
UT WOS:000249752300001
ER
PT J
AU Rappold, AG
Lavine, M
Lozier, S
AF Rappold, Ana Grohovac
Lavine, Michael
Lozier, Susan
TI Rejoinder
SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION
LA English
DT Editorial Material
C1 Duke Univ, US EPA, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm & Earth Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
RP Rappold, AG (reprint author), Duke Univ, US EPA, Durham, NC 27708 USA.
EM ana@stat.duke.edu; rnichael@stat.duke.edu; mslozier@duke.edu
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 0
PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC
PI ALEXANDRIA
PA 1429 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA
SN 0162-1459
J9 J AM STAT ASSOC
JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 102
IS 479
BP 785
EP 787
DI 10.1198/016214507000000824
PG 3
WC Statistics & Probability
SC Mathematics
GA 214QD
UT WOS:000249752300005
ER
PT J
AU Fristachi, A
Rice, G
AF Fristachi, Anthony
Rice, Glenn
TI Estimation of the total daily oral intake of NDMA attributable to
drinking water
SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE DBPs; disinfection by-products; drinking water; exposure assessment;
NDMA; N-Nitrosodimethylamine
ID N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE NDMA; BY-PRODUCTS; LOGNORMAL DISTRIBUTIONS;
NITROSO COMPOUNDS; NITROSAMINES; FOODS; BEVERAGES; SMOKE; BACON; RISK
AB Disinfection with chlorine and chloramine leads to the formation of many disinfection by-products including N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA). Because NDMA is a probable human carcinogen, public health officials are concerned with its occurrence in drinking water. The goal of this study was to estimate NDMA concentrations from exogenous (i.e., drinking water and food) and endogenous (i.e., formed in the human body) sources, calculate average daily doses for ingestion route exposures and estimate the proportional oral intake (POI) of NDMA attributable to the consumption of drinking water relative to other ingestion sources Of NDMA. The POI is predicted to be 0.02% relative to exogenous and enclogenous NDMA sources combined. when only exogenous sources are considered, the POI was predicted to be 2.7%. The exclusion of endogenously formed NDMA causes the POI to increase dramatically, reflecting its importance as a potentially major source of exposure and uncertainty in the model. Although concentrations of NDMA in foods are small and human exposure to NDMA from foods is quite low, the contribution from food is predicted to be high relative to that of drinking water. The mean concentration of NDMA in drinking water would need to increase from 2.1 X 10(-3) mu g/L to 0.10 mu g/L, a 47-fold increase, for the POI to reach 1%, relative to all sources of NDMA considered in our model, suggesting that drinking water consumption is most likely a minor source of NDMA exposure.
C1 US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
RP Fristachi, A (reprint author), US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 26 W,Martin Luther King Dr,MS-A110, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA.
EM afristac@jhsph.edu
NR 55
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 1
U2 15
PU I W A PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 1477-8920
J9 J WATER HEALTH
JI J. Water Health
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 5
IS 3
BP 341
EP 355
DI 10.2166/wh.2007.030
PG 15
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Microbiology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Microbiology; Water Resources
GA 204EE
UT WOS:000249025600002
PM 17878549
ER
PT J
AU Vesper, SJ
Rogers, ME
Neely, AN
Haugland, RA
AF Vesper, S. J.
Rogers, M. E.
Neely, A. N.
Haugland, R. A.
TI Opportunistic Aspergillus pathogens measured in home and hospital tap
water by quantitative PCR (QPCR)
SO JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH
LA English
DT Article
DE Aspergillus; immunocompromised; quantitative PCR; tap water
ID DRINKING-WATER; DISTRIBUTION-SYSTEMS; POTABLE WATER; PULMONARY
ASPERGILLOSIS; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; TERREUS; MOLDS
AB opportunistic fungal pathogens are a concern because of the increasing number of patients. The goal of this research was to test a simple extraction method immunocompromised and rapid quantitative PCR (QPCR) measurement of the occurrence of potential pathogens, Aspergillus fumigatus, A. flavus, A. terreus and A. niger, in home tap water and a hospital water supply.
Water samples were taken from the kitchen tap in the homes of 60 patients who were diagnosed with legionellosis. Water samples were also taken from three locations in a hospital that generated all of its hot water by flash heating. Opportunistic infectious agents Aspergillus A. flavus, A. terreus and A. niger were measured using QPCR. Aspergillus terreus DNA fumigatus was found in 16.7% and A. fumigatus DNA in 1.7% of the samples taken from the kitchen tap. None of the Aspergillus species were found in any of the hospital water samples.
The development of a simple DNA extraction method along with QPCR analysis is suitable for rapid screening of tap water for opportunistic fungal pathogens. This simple method can be used to obtain pathogen occurrence results in about 3 h, instead of waiting days to weeks for culture data. Obtaining pathogen occurrence data in a timely manner could promote the elimination of the pathogens from the water supply of immunocompromised patients.
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45216 USA.
Xavier Univ, Dept Biol, Cincinnati, OH 45207 USA.
Shriners Burns Hosp, Cincinnati, OH 45219 USA.
RP Vesper, SJ (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 26 W ML King Dr, Cincinnati, OH 45216 USA.
EM vesper.stephen@epa.gov
NR 25
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 11
PU I W A PUBLISHING
PI LONDON
PA ALLIANCE HOUSE, 12 CAXTON ST, LONDON SW1H0QS, ENGLAND
SN 1477-8920
J9 J WATER HEALTH
JI J. Water Health
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 5
IS 3
BP 427
EP 431
DI 10.2166/wh.2007.038
PG 5
WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health;
Microbiology; Water Resources
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational
Health; Microbiology; Water Resources
GA 204EE
UT WOS:000249025600010
PM 17878557
ER
PT J
AU Fiehn, O
Robertson, D
Griffin, J
van der Werf, M
Nikolau, B
Morrison, N
Sumner, LW
Goodacre, R
Hardy, NW
Taylor, C
Fostel, J
Kristal, B
Kaddurah-Daouk, R
Mendes, P
van Ommen, B
Lindon, JC
Sansone, SA
AF Fiehn, Oliver
Robertson, Don
Griffin, Jules
van der Werf, Mariet
Nikolau, Basil
Morrison, Norman
Sumner, Lloyd W.
Goodacre, Roy
Hardy, Nigel W.
Taylor, Chris
Fostel, Jennifer
Kristal, Bruce
Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima
Mendes, Pedro
van Ommen, Ben
Lindon, John C.
Sansone, Susanna-Assunta
TI The metabolomics standards initiative (MSI)
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE standardization; metabolomics; metabonomics; metabolite profiling;
databases ontology
ID GENOMICS; WORK
AB In 2005, the Metabolomics Standards Initiative has been formed. An outline and general introduction is provided to inform about the history, structure, working plan and intentions of this initiative. Comments on any of the suggested minimal reporting standards are welcome to be sent to the open email list Msi-workgroups-feedback@lists.sourceforge.net
C1 Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
Pfizer Global Res & Dev, Mol Profiling, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge CB2 1QW, England.
TNO Qual Life, Zeist, Netherlands.
Iowa State Univ, Ames, IA USA.
Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
NERC, Environm Bioinformat Ctr, Oxford Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford OX1 3SR, England.
Samuel Roberts Noble Fdn Inc, Ardmore, OK USA.
Univ Manchester, Sch Chem, Manchester, Lancs, England.
Univ Coll Wales, Dept Comp Sci, Aberystwyth SY23 3DB, Dyfed, Wales.
EMBL EBI European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Neurosurg, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
Duke Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Durham, NC USA.
Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Biomol Med, London SW7 2AZ, England.
RP Fiehn, O (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Genome Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA.
EM ofiehn@ucdavis.edu
RI Goodacre, Roy/J-1600-2012; Sumner, Lloyd/A-3270-2013; Smith,
Barry/A-9525-2011;
OI Goodacre, Roy/0000-0003-2230-645X; Smith, Barry/0000-0003-1384-116X;
Sansone, Susanna-Assunta/0000-0001-5306-5690
NR 13
TC 122
Z9 124
U1 7
U2 61
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 3
IS 3
BP 175
EP 178
DI 10.1007/s11306-007-0070-6
PG 4
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 217JZ
UT WOS:000249945500001
ER
PT J
AU van der Werf, MJ
Takors, R
Smedsgaard, J
Nielsen, J
Ferenci, T
Portais, JC
Wittmann, C
Hooks, M
Tomassini, A
Oldiges, M
Fostel, J
Sauer, U
AF van der Werf, Mariet J.
Takors, Ralf
Smedsgaard, Jorn
Nielsen, Jens
Ferenci, Tom
Portais, Jean Charles
Wittmann, Christoph
Hooks, Mark
Tomassini, Alberta
Oldiges, Marco
Fostel, Jennifer
Sauer, Uwe
TI Standard reporting requirements for biological samples in metabolomics
experiments: microbial and in vitro biology experiments
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE microbiology; in vitro biology; metabolomics; minimal reporting
standards; sample context
ID PLANT METABOLOMICS
AB With the increasing use of metabolomics as a means to study a large number of different biological research questions, there is a need for a minimal set of reporting standards that allow the scientific community to evaluate, understand, repeat, compare and re-investigate metabolomics studies. Here we propose, a first draft of minimal requirements to effectively describe the biological context of metabolomics studies that involve microbial or in vitro biological subjects. This recommendation has been produced by the microbiology and in vitro biology working subgroup of the Metabolomics Standards Initiative in collaboration with the yeast systems biology network as part of a wider standardization initiative led by the Metabolomics Society. Microbial and in vitro biology metabolomics is defined by this sub-working group as studies with any cell or organism that require a defined external medium to facilitate growth and propagation. Both a minimal set and a best practice set of reporting standards for metabolomics experiments have been defined. The minimal set of reporting standards for microbial or in vitro biology metabolomics experiments includes those factors that are specific for metabolomics experiments and that critically determine the outcome of the experiments. The best practice set of reporting standards contains both the factors that are specific for metabolomics experiments and general aspects that critically determine the outcome of any microbial or in vitro biological experiment.
C1 TNO Qual Life, Dept Microbiol, Zeist, Netherlands.
Degussa AG, Hanau, Germany.
Tech Univ Denmark, Ctr Microbial Biotechnol, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
Inst Natl Sci Appl, Biosyst Adn Proc Engn Lab, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
Univ Saarland, Syst Biotechnol Grp, D-6600 Saarbrucken, Germany.
Univ Coll N Wales, Sch Biol Sci, Bangor LL57 2UW, Gwynedd, Wales.
Sigma Tau Pharmaceut Co, Sci Dept, Rome, Italy.
Forschungszentrum Julich, D-5170 Julich, Germany.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
ETH, Inst Mol Syst Biol, Zurich, Switzerland.
RP van der Werf, MJ (reprint author), TNO Qual Life, Dept Microbiol, POB 360, Zeist, Netherlands.
EM Mariet.vanderwerf@tno.n1; ralf.takors@degussa.com; js@biocentrum.dtu.dk;
jn@biocentrum.dtu.dk; t.ferenci@microbio.usyd.edu.au;
jean-charles.portais@insa-toulouse.fr; e.wittmann@mx.uni-saarland.de;
bss606@bangro.ac.uk; alfredo.miccheli@uniromal.it;
m.oldiges@fz-juelich.de; Fostel@niehs.nih.gov; sauer@imsb.biol.ethz.ch
RI Ferenci, Tom/A-1177-2010; Oldiges, Marco/C-8871-2013;
OI Wittmann, Christoph/0000-0002-7952-985X; Oldiges,
Marco/0000-0003-0704-5597
NR 11
TC 23
Z9 23
U1 3
U2 29
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 3
IS 3
BP 189
EP 194
DI 10.1007/s11306-007-0080-4
PG 6
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 217JZ
UT WOS:000249945500003
ER
PT J
AU Morrison, N
Bearden, D
Bundy, JG
Collette, T
Currie, F
Davey, MP
Haigh, NS
Hancock, D
Jones, OAH
Rochfort, S
Sansone, SA
Stys, D
Teng, Q
Field, D
Viant, MR
AF Morrison, Norman
Bearden, Dan
Bundy, Jacob G.
Collette, Tim
Currie, Felicity
Davey, Matthew P.
Haigh, Nathan S.
Hancock, David
Jones, Oliver A. H.
Rochfort, Simone
Sansone, Susanna-Assunta
Stys, Dalibor
Teng, Quincy
Field, Dawn
Viant, Mark R.
TI Standard reporting requirements for biological samples in metabolomics
experiments: environmental context
SO METABOLOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE metabolomics; standard; environmental; reporting requirements; minimum
ID NMR-BASED METABOLOMICS; ONTOLOGY; URINE; MICE
AB Metabolomic technologies are increasingly being applied to study biological questions in a range of different settings from clinical through to environmental. As with other high-throughput technologies, such as those used in transcriptomics and proteomics, metabolomics continues to generate large volumes of complex data that necessitates computational management. Making sense of this wealth of information also requires access to sufficiently detailed and well annotated meta-data. Here we provide standard reporting requirements for describing biological samples, taken from an environmental context and involved in metabolomic experiments. It is our intention that these reporting requirements should guide and support the standardised annotation, dissemination and interpretation of environmental metabolomics metadata.
C1 Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
NERC, Environm Bioinformat Ctr, Oxford Ctr Ecol & Hydrol, Oxford OX1 3SR, England.
NOAA, Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Charleston, SC 29412 USA.
Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Fac Med, Div Surg Oncol Reprod Biol & Anaesthet, London SW7 2AZ, England.
US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Athens, GA 30605 USA.
Univ Manchester, Manchester Interdisciplinary Bioctr, Manchester M1 7DN, Lancs, England.
Univ Manchester, Sch Chem, Manchester M1 7DN, Lancs, England.
Univ Sheffield, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England.
Univ Cambridge, Dept Biochem, Cambridge CB2 1QW, England.
Primary Ind Res Victoria, Dept Primary Ind, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia.
European Bioinformat Inst, Cambridge CB10 1SD, England.
Univ S Bohemia, Inst Phys Biol, Nove Hrady 37333, Czech Republic.
Acad Sci Czech Republic, Inst Syst Biol & Ecol, Nove Hrady 37333, Czech Republic.
Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England.
RP Morrison, N (reprint author), Univ Manchester, Sch Comp Sci, Kilburn Bldg,Oxford Rd, Manchester M13 9PL, Lancs, England.
EM norman.morrison@manchester.ac.uk
RI Bundy, Jacob/C-2131-2008; Watson-Haigh, Nathan/B-9833-2008; Field,
Dawn/C-1653-2010; Viant, Mark/B-6339-2009; Stys, Dalibor/G-5213-2015;
Jones, Oliver/B-9778-2008;
OI Bundy, Jacob/0000-0002-1164-8465; Watson-Haigh,
Nathan/0000-0002-7935-6151; Viant, Mark/0000-0001-5898-4119; Rochfort,
Simone/0000-0001-8442-6081; Jones, Oliver/0000-0002-4541-662X; Sansone,
Susanna-Assunta/0000-0001-5306-5690
NR 22
TC 37
Z9 37
U1 4
U2 31
PU SPRINGER
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 1573-3882
J9 METABOLOMICS
JI Metabolomics
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 3
IS 3
BP 203
EP 210
DI 10.1007/s11306-007-0067-1
PG 8
WC Endocrinology & Metabolism
SC Endocrinology & Metabolism
GA 217JZ
UT WOS:000249945500005
ER
PT J
AU Newbold, RR
Jefferson, WN
Grissom, SF
Padilla-Banks, E
Snyder, RJ
Lobenhofer, EK
AF Newbold, Retha R.
Jefferson, Wendy N.
Grissom, Sherry F.
Padilla-Banks, Elizabeth
Snyder, Ryan J.
Lobenhofer, Edward K.
TI Developmental exposure to diethylstilbestrol alters uterine gene
expression that may be associated with uterine neoplasia later in life
SO MOLECULAR CARCINOGENESIS
LA English
DT Article
DE early development; estrogen-regulated genes; endocrine disruptors;
neonatal imprinting; epigenetics; carcinogenesis; hormonal
carcinogenesis
ID ENDOMETRIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ADENOSIS-LIKE LESIONS; C-JUN
PROTOONCOGENE; MOUSE UTERUS; IN-UTERO; ESTROGEN DIETHYLSTILBESTROL;
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTION; REPRODUCTIVE-TRACT; DES EXPOSURE; CD-1 MICE
AB Previously, we described a mouse model where the well-known reproductive carcinogen with estrogenic activity, diethylstilbestrol (DES), caused uterine adenocarcinoma following neonatal treatment. Tumor incidence was dose-dependent reaching >90% by 18 mo following neonatal treatment with 1000 mu g/kg/d of DES. These tumors followed the initiation/promotion model of hormonal carcinogenesis with developmental exposure as initiator, and exposure to ovarian hormones at puberty as the promoter. To identify molecular pathways involved in DES-initiation events, uterine gene expression profiles were examined in prepubertal mice exposed to DES (1, 10, or 1000 mu g/kg/d) on days 1-5 and compared to controls. Of more than 20 000 transcripts, approximately 3% were differentially expressed in at least one DES treatment group compared to controls; some transcripts demonstrated dose-responsiveness. Assessment of gene ontology annotation revealed alterations in genes associated with cell growth, differentiation, and adhesion. When expression profiles were compared to published studies of uteri from 5-d-old DES-treated mice, or adult mice treated with 17 beta estradiol, similarities were seen suggesting persistent differential expression of estrogen responsive genes following developmental DES exposure. Moreover, several altered genes were identified in human uterine adenocarcinomas. Four altered genes [lactotransferrin (Ltf), transforming growth factor beta inducible (Tgfb1), cyclin D1 (Ccnd1), and secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (Sfrp4)], selected for real-time RT-PCR analysis, correlated well with the directionality of the microarray data. These data suggested altered gene expression profiles observed 2 wk after treatment ceased, were established at the time of developmental exposure and maybe related to the initiation events resulting in carcinogenesis. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
C1 NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Dev Endocrinol & Endocrine Disruptor Sect, Mol Toxicol Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NIH, Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Microarray Grp, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
RP Newbold, RR (reprint author), NIEHS, 111 Alexder Dr, S Campus, PO Box 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES070060-34, Z99 ES999999]
NR 61
TC 38
Z9 41
U1 0
U2 4
PU WILEY-LISS
PI HOBOKEN
PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA
SN 0899-1987
J9 MOL CARCINOGEN
JI Mol. Carcinog.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 46
IS 9
BP 783
EP 796
DI 10.1002/mc.20308
PG 14
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology
GA 214XT
UT WOS:000249772300005
PM 17394237
ER
PT J
AU Tanno, T
Bhanu, NV
Oneal, PA
Goh, SH
Staker, P
Lee, YT
Moroney, JW
Reed, CH
Luban, NLC
Wang, RH
Eling, TE
Childs, R
Ganz, T
Leitman, SF
Fucharoen, S
Miller, JL
AF Tanno, Toshihiko
Bhanu, Natarajan V.
Oneal, Patricia A.
Goh, Sung-Ho
Staker, Pamela
Lee, Y. Terry
Moroney, John W.
Reed, Christopher H.
Luban, Naomi L. C.
Wang, Rui-Hong
Eling, Thomas E.
Childs, Richard
Ganz, Tomas
Leitman, Susan F.
Fucharoen, Suthat
Miller, Jeffery L.
TI High levels of GDF15 in thalassemia suppress expression of the iron
regulatory protein hepcidin
SO NATURE MEDICINE
LA English
DT Article
ID MACROPHAGE INHIBITORY CYTOKINE-1; BONE MORPHOGENETIC PROTEIN;
FACTOR-BETA SUPERFAMILY; SERUM; ERYTHROPOIESIS; METABOLISM; ABSORPTION;
ACTIVATION; PREGNANCY
AB In thalassemia, deficient globin-chain production during erythropoiesis results in anemia(1-3). Thalassemia may be further complicated by iron overload (frequently exacerbated by blood transfusion), which induces numerous endocrine diseases, hepatic cirrhosis, cardiac failure and even death(4). Accumulation of iron in the absence of blood transfusions may result from inappropriate suppression of the iron-regulating peptide hepcidin by an erythropoietic mechanism(5). To test this hypothesis, we examined erythroblast transcriptome profiles from 15 healthy, nonthalassemic donors. Growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), a member of the transforming growth factor-beta superfamily, showed increased expression and secretion during erythroblast maturation. Healthy volunteers had mean GDF15 serum concentrations of 450 +/- 50 pg/ml. In comparison, individuals with beta-thalassemia syndromes had elevated GDF15 serum levels (mean 66,000 +/- 9,600 pg/ml; range 4,800-248,000 pg/ml; P < 0.05) that were positively correlated with the levels of soluble transferrin receptor, erythropoietin and ferritin. Serum from thalassemia patients suppressed hepcidin mRNA expression in primary human hepatocytes, and depletion of GDF15 reversed hepcidin suppression. These results suggest that GDF15 overexpression arising from an expanded erythroid compartment contributes to iron overload in thalassemia syndromes by inhibiting hepcidin expression.
C1 NIDDK, Mol Med Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA.
Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Lab Med Pathol, Washington, DC 20010 USA.
NIDDK, Genet Dev & Dis Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Carcinogenesis Lab, Natl Inst Hlth, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NHLBI, Hematol Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pathol & Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA.
Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
Mahidol Univ, Inst Sci & Technol Res & Dev, Thalassemia Res Ctr, Phuttamonthon 73170, Nakornpathom, Thailand.
RP Miller, JL (reprint author), NIDDK, Mol Med Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, 10 Ctr Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA.
EM jm7f@nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 30
TC 422
Z9 437
U1 4
U2 23
PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
PI NEW YORK
PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA
SN 1078-8956
J9 NAT MED
JI Nat. Med.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 13
IS 9
BP 1096
EP 1101
DI 10.1038/nm1629
PG 6
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research &
Experimental
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental
Medicine
GA 208XS
UT WOS:000249353100037
PM 17721544
ER
PT J
AU Brynczka, C
Merrick, BA
AF Brynczka, Christopher
Merrick, Bruce Alex
TI Nerve growth factor potentiates p53 DNA binding but inhibits nitric
oxide-induced apoptosis in neuronal PC12 cells
SO NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
DE NO; PC12; mitochondria; differentiation; NGF; p53
ID HUMAN LYMPHOBLASTOID-CELLS; WILD-TYPE P53; PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA CELLS;
SYMPATHETIC NEURONS; HEME OXYGENASE-1; MEMBRANE PERMEABILIZATION;
NEUROTROPHIC FACTORS; NEURITE OUTGROWTH; SIGNALING PATHWAY;
SUBSTANTIA-NIGRA
AB NGF is recognized for its role in neuronal differentiation and maintenance. Differentiation of PC12 cells by NGF involves p53, a transcription factor that controls growth arrest and apoptosis. We investigated NGF influence over p53 activity during NO-induced apoptosis by sodium nitroprusside in differentiated and mitotic PC12 cells. NGF-differentiation produced increased p53 levels, nuclear localization and sequence-specific DNA binding. Apoptosis in mitotic cells also produced these events but the accompanying activation of caspases 1-10 and mitochondrial depolarization were inhibited during NGF differentiation and could be reversed in p53-silenced cells. Transcriptional regulation of PUMA and survivin expression were not inhibited by NGF, although NO-induced mitochondrial depolarization was dependent upon de novo gene transcription and only occurred in mitotic cells. We conclude that NGF mediates prosurvival signaling by increasing factors such as Bcl-2 and p21(Waf1/Cip1) without altering p53 transcriptional activity to inhibit mitochondrial depolarization, caspase activation and apoptosis.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Ctr Toxicogenom, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
N Carolina State Univ, Dept Environm & Mol Toxicol, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA.
RP Merrick, BA (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Natl Ctr Toxicogenom, NIH, POB 12233, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM merrick@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES023012-13]
NR 76
TC 10
Z9 11
U1 1
U2 2
PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS
PI NEW YORK
PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA
SN 0364-3190
J9 NEUROCHEM RES
JI Neurochem. Res.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 32
IS 9
BP 1573
EP 1585
DI 10.1007/s11064-007-9362-5
PG 13
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology
GA 192GZ
UT WOS:000248190200018
PM 17592775
ER
PT J
AU Gee, J
Moser, V
AF Gee, J. R.
Moser, V. C.
TI Developmental evaluations of C57BL/6 mice exposed to 2,2 ',4,4
'-brominated diphenyl ether (DE47) on postnatal day 10
SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY
LA English
DT Meeting Abstract
CT 31st Annual Meeting of the Neurobehavioral-Teratology-Society/26th
Annual Meeting of the Behavioral-Toxicology-Society held in Conjunction
with the 47th Annual Meeting of the Teratology-Society/20th
Organization-of-Teratology-Information-Specialists
CY JUN 23-27, 2007
CL Pittsburgh, PA
SP Neurobehav Teratol Soc, Behav Toxicol Soc, Teratol Soc, Org Teratol Informat Specialists
C1 NC State Univ, Dept Mol Biomed Sci, Raleigh, NC USA.
US EPA, NHEERL ORD, Div Neurotoxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
NR 0
TC 1
Z9 1
U1 0
U2 1
PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND
SN 0892-0362
J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL
JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol.
PD SEP-OCT
PY 2007
VL 29
IS 5
BP 589
EP 589
DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2007.08.023
PG 1
WC Neurosciences; Toxicology
SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology
GA 237EM
UT WOS:000251356600012
ER
PT J
AU Hou, EW
Prasad, R
Asagoshi, K
Masaoka, A
Wilson, SH
AF Hou, Esther W.
Prasad, Rajendra
Asagoshi, Kenjiro
Masaoka, Aya
Wilson, Samuel H.
TI Comparative assessment of plasmid and oligonucleotide DNA substrates in
measurement of in vitro base excision repair activity
SO NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
LA English
DT Article
ID POLYMERASE-BETA; INDUCED CYTOTOXICITY; MAMMALIAN-CELLS; MISMATCH REPAIR;
UP-REGULATION; PROTEIN; RECONSTITUTION; EXTRACTS; PATHWAY; SITE
AB Mammalian base excision repair (BER) is mediated through at least two subpathways designated single-nucleotide (SN) and long-patch (LP) BER (2-nucleotides long/more repair patch). Two forms of DNA substrate are generally used for in vitro BER assays: oligonucleotide- and plasmid-based. For plasmid-based BER assays, the availability of large quantities of substrate DNA with a specific lesion remains the limiting factor. Using sequence-specific endonucleases that cleave only one strand of DNA on a double-stranded DNA substrate, we prepared large quantities of plasmid DNA with a specific lesion. We compared the kinetic features of BER using plasmid and oligonucleotide substrates containing the same lesion and strategic restriction sites around the lesion. The K-m for plasmid DNA substrate was slightly higher than that for the oligonucleotide substrate, while the V-max of BER product formation for the plasmid and oligonucleotide substrates was similar. The catalytic efficiency of BER with the oligonucleotide substrate was slightly higher than that with the plasmid substrate. We conclude that there were no significant differences in the catalytic efficiency of in vitro BER measured with plasmid and oligonucleotide substrates. Analysis of the ratio of SN BER to LP BER was addressed using cellular extracts and a novel plasmid substrate.
C1 Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Wilson, SH (reprint author), Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Struct Biol Lab, NIH, 101 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM wilson5@niehs.nih.gov
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 37
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 3
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 0305-1048
J9 NUCLEIC ACIDS RES
JI Nucleic Acids Res.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 35
IS 17
AR e112
DI 10.1093/nar/gkm639
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
GA 227UO
UT WOS:000250683500005
PM 17720705
ER
PT J
AU Zawiski, B
AF Zawiski, Bill
TI Transparency tube monitoring as an indicator of fish community health
SO OHIO JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
LA English
DT Article
AB Transparency tubes have been shown to be useful tools for suspended solids estimation in flowing waters. Suspended solids and turbidity can impact streams in a number of ways from habitat smothering to visual impairments. Comparison of transparency tube data to the Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) as measured by the Ohio Environmental Protection Agency shows a strong correlation. Additional data must be gathered to determine whether this is a true relationship.
C1 US EPA, Div Surface Water, NE Dist Off, Twinsburg, OH 44087 USA.
RP Zawiski, B (reprint author), US EPA, Div Surface Water, NE Dist Off, 2110 Aurora Rd, Twinsburg, OH 44087 USA.
NR 4
TC 0
Z9 0
U1 0
U2 2
PU OHIO ACAD SCIENCE
PI COLUMBUS
PA 1500 W 3RD AVE SUITE 223, COLUMBUS, OH 43212-2817 USA
SN 0030-0950
J9 OHIO J SCI
JI Ohio J. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 107
IS 4
BP 82
EP 83
PG 2
WC Ecology; Zoology
SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Zoology
GA 239NF
UT WOS:000251524300005
ER
PT J
AU Daniels, JL
Rowland, AS
Longnecker, MP
Crawford, P
Golding, J
AF Daniels, Julie L.
Rowland, Andrew S.
Longnecker, Matthew P.
Crawford, Peter
Golding, Jean
CA ALSPAC Study Team
TI Maternal dental history, child's birth outcome and early cognitive
development
SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
LA English
DT Article
DE maternal dental treatment; mercury; X-rays; birthweight; gestation;
child development
ID NATIONAL-WILMS-TUMOR; MERCURY EXPOSURE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; OCCUPATIONAL
EXPOSURE; PERIODONTAL HEALTH; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; ORAL-HEALTH; IN-UTERO;
METHYLMERCURY; WEIGHT
AB Prenatal exposure to high levels of mercury, radiation and inflammation have been associated with adverse reproductive outcomes such as increases in preterm delivery, low birthweight and delayed neurodevelopment. Few data are available to evaluate the potential effects of prenatal low-level exposure to these factors as may occur during dental care. We evaluated maternal dental history prior to and during pregnancy in relation to birth outcomes and early communicative development among offspring in a large cohort (n = 7375) of British children born in 1991-92. Dental history was assessed by questionnaire. The child's communicative development was assessed using the MacArthur Communicative Development Inventory at 15 months of age. Total mercury was measured in umbilical cord tissue for a subset of the children.
Overall, dental care, including amalgam fillings, was not associated with birth outcomes or language development. Having X-rays taken during pregnancy was not associated with birthweight measured continuously (b = 14.7, P = 0.4), but was associated with slightly increased odds of having a term, low-birthweight baby (OR 1.9, [95% confidence interval 1.0, 3.4]). More detailed evaluation of the potential adverse effects of elective dental treatment during pregnancy, particularly dental X-rays, may be warranted.
C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
Univ N Carolina, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA.
Univ New Mexico, Dept Family & Community Med, MPH Program, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA.
Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA.
Univ Bristol, Dept Community Based Med, Bristol, Avon, England.
Univ Bristol, Sch Dent, Dept Paediat Dent, Bristol, Avon, England.
RP Daniels, JL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA.
EM juliedaniels@unc.edu
OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322
FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES049021-12]; Medical Research Council
[G9815508]; NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES010126, P30 ES10126, P30 ES012072]
NR 53
TC 22
Z9 22
U1 0
U2 7
PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING
PI OXFORD
PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 0269-5022
J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP
JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 21
IS 5
BP 448
EP 457
DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2007.00819.x
PG 10
WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology;
Pediatrics
GA 206PZ
UT WOS:000249196700008
PM 17697075
ER
PT J
AU Motsinger, AA
Ritchie, MD
Reif, DM
AF Motsinger, Alison A.
Ritchie, Marylyn D.
Reif, David M.
TI Novel methods for detecting epistasis in pharmacogenomics studies
SO PHARMACOGENOMICS
LA English
DT Review
DE data-mining; epistasis; gene-environment; interactions; gene-gene;
interactions; novel; computational methods; pharmacogenomics
ID MULTIFACTOR-DIMENSIONALITY REDUCTION; GENE-GENE INTERACTIONS;
GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE ASSOCIATIONS; HARDY-WEINBERG EQUILIBRIUM; ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTIONS; COMPLEX TRAITS; LINKAGE DISEQUILIBRIUM; QUANTITATIVE
TRAIT; HUMAN-DISEASES; HUMAN GENOME
AB The importance of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions in the underlying genetic architecture of common, complex phenotypes is gaining wide recognition in the field of pharmacogenomics. In epidemiological approaches to mapping genetic variants that predict drug response, it is important that researchers investigate potential epistatic interactions. In the current review, we discuss data-mining tools available in genetic epidemiology to detect such interactions and appropriate applications. We survey several classes of novel methods available and present an organized collection of successful applications in the literature. Finally, we provide guidance as to how to incorporate these novel methods into a genetic analysis. The overall goal of this paper is to aid researchers in developing an analysis plan that accounts for gene-gene and gene-environment in their own work.
C1 N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
Vanderbilt Univ, Ctr Human Genet Res, Dept Mol Physiol & Biophys, Nashville, TN 37232 USA.
US EPA, Natl Ctr Computat Toxicol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
RP Reif, DM (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Bioinformat Res Ctr, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.
EM reif.david@epa.gov
OI Reif, David/0000-0001-7815-6767
FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL65962]; NIA NIH HHS [AG20135]
NR 69
TC 32
Z9 34
U1 3
U2 4
PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD
PI LONDON
PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3
1QB, ENGLAND
SN 1462-2416
J9 PHARMACOGENOMICS
JI Pharmacogenomics
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 8
IS 9
BP 1229
EP 1241
DI 10.2217/14622416.8.9.1229
PG 13
WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy
GA 225VQ
UT WOS:000250546700019
PM 17924838
ER
PT J
AU Adjalle, KD
Brar, SK
Verma, M
Tyagi, RD
Valero, JR
Surampalli, RY
AF Adjalle, K. D.
Brar, S. K.
Verma, M.
Tyagi, R. D.
Valero, J. R.
Surampalli, R. Y.
TI Ultrafiltration recovery of entomotoxicity from supernatant of Bacillus
thuringiensis fermented wastewater and wastewater sludge
SO PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
LA English
DT Article
DE bacillus thuringiensis; entomotoxicity; enzymes; ultrafiltration;
wastewater wastewater sludge
ID RAW-MATERIAL; BIOPESTICIDES; PROTEIN
AB The study investigates the recovery of active components (crystal proteins, spores and other factors of virulence) of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) based biopesticides from centrifuged supernatant, by ultrafiltration. The centrifuged fermented broths comprised, starch industry wastewater, nonhydrolyzed and hydrolyzed wastewater sludge and semi-synthetic soya medium (as control). The ultrafiltration membrane of 5 kDa gave highest recovery of the active components and increased the entomotoxicity in the retentates by 7.9%, 10.5%, 9.0%, 5.7%, for semi-synthetic soya medium, starch industry wastewater, non-hydrolyzed and hydrolyzed wastewater sludge, respectively. However, the retention of suspended solids on the membrane (measured via mass balance) varied with the type of fermented broths and was very high for hydrolyzed sludge (soya-15%; starch industry wastewater-12%; non-hydrolyzed sludge-7% and hydrolyzed sludge-68%). This reflected the deposit on the membrane. In the given context, scale-up of the ultrafiltration process will give better efficacy for non-hydrolyzed sludge and starch industry wastewater in comparison to soya and hydrolyzed sludge medium. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
C1 Univ Quebec, INRA, ETE, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
US EPA, Kansas City, KS 66117 USA.
RP Tyagi, RD (reprint author), Univ Quebec, INRA, ETE, 490 Rue Couronne, Quebec City, PQ G1K 9A9, Canada.
EM tyagi@ete.inrs.ca
NR 30
TC 12
Z9 12
U1 0
U2 5
PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD
PI OXFORD
PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND
SN 1359-5113
J9 PROCESS BIOCHEM
JI Process Biochem.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 42
IS 9
BP 1302
EP 1311
DI 10.1016/j.procbio.2007.06.014
PG 10
WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Engineering, Chemical
SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology;
Engineering
GA 214CX
UT WOS:000249714700007
ER
PT J
AU Tulve, NS
Jones, PA
McCurdy, T
Croghan, CW
AF Tulve, Nicolle S.
Jones, Paul A.
McCurdy, Thomas
Croghan, Carry W.
TI A pilot study using an accelerometer to evaluate a caregiver's
interpretation of an infant or toddler's activity level as recorded in a
time activity diary
SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT
LA English
DT Article
DE exposure; human activity; young children
ID DOUBLY LABELED WATER; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; CHILDREN;
EXPOSURE; CALIBRATION; PREDICTION; VALIDATION; AGE
C1 US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
RP Tulve, NS (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, 109 T W Alexander Dr,Res Triangle Pk, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
EM tulve.nicolle@epa.gov
RI Schmoelz, Camilie/D-1707-2012
OI Schmoelz, Camilie/0000-0003-2221-9954
NR 26
TC 7
Z9 7
U1 0
U2 1
PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE
PI RESTON
PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA
SN 0270-1367
J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT
JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 78
IS 4
BP 375
EP 383
PG 9
WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology;
Sport Sciences
SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences
GA 212RF
UT WOS:000249613800012
PM 17941542
ER
PT J
AU Van Houtven, G
Powers, J
Pattanayak, SK
AF Van Houtven, George
Powers, John
Pattanayak, Subhrendu K.
TI Valuing water quality improvements in the United States using
meta-analysis: Is the glass half-full or half-empty for national policy
analysis?
SO RESOURCE AND ENERGY ECONOMICS
LA English
DT Article
DE water quality valuation; meta-analysis; meta-regression analysis;
benefit transfer
ID WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; CONTINGENT VALUATION; CLEAN WATER; RIVER;
MANAGEMENT; DEMAND
AB The literature estimating the economic value for water quality changes has grown considerably over the last 30 years, resulting in an expanded pool of information potentially available to support national and regional policy analysis. Using 131 willingness to pay estimates from 18 studies that use a similar definition of water quality, we performed a meta-regression analysis and found mixed results. We find that WTP varies in systematic and expected ways with respect to factors such as the size of the water quality changes, average household income, and use/nonuse characteristics of respondents. As a whole, we conclude that our metaregression results provide a reasonable basis for estimating expected WTP values for defined changes in water quality. However, despite a large number of existing economic valuation studies, relatively few could be meaningfully combined through meta-analysis due to heterogeneity in the commodities being valued in the original studies. Based on these findings, we provide recommendations for future research, including suggestions regarding more standardized approaches for defining water quality and reporting information in valuation studies. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
C1 RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA.
RP Van Houtven, G (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwalls Rd,POB 12194,Res Triangle Pk, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM gvh@rti.org
NR 53
TC 58
Z9 62
U1 2
U2 25
PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
PI AMSTERDAM
PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS
SN 0928-7655
J9 RESOUR ENERGY ECON
JI Resour. Energy Econ.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 29
IS 3
BP 206
EP 228
DI 10.1016/j.reseneeco.2007.01.002
PG 23
WC Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies
SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
GA 216QS
UT WOS:000249894700004
ER
PT J
AU Fostel, JM
Burgoon, L
Zwickl, C
Lord, P
Corton, JC
Bushel, PR
Cunningham, M
Fan, LJ
Edwards, SW
Hester, S
Stevens, J
Tong, WD
Waters, M
Yang, CH
Termant, R
AF Fostel, Jennifer M.
Burgoon, Lyle
Zwickl, Craig
Lord, Peter
Corton, J. Christopher
Bushel, Pierre R.
Cunningham, Michael
Fan, Liju
Edwards, Stephen W.
Hester, Susan
Stevens, James
Tong, Weida
Waters, Michael
Yang, ChiHae
Termant, Raymond
TI Toward a checklist for exchange and interpretation of data from a
toxicology study
SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES
LA English
DT Article
DE toxicogenomics; MIAME; data integration; database
ID MICROARRAY DATA; ACETAMINOPHEN TOXICITY; HEPATOTOXICITY; MIAME; MICE;
METABOLISM; LIVER; RATS
AB Data from toxicology and toxicogenomics studies are valuable, and can be combined for meta-analysis using public data repositories such as Chemical Effects in Biological Systems Knowledgebase, ArrayExpress, and Gene Expression Omnibus. In order to fully utilize the data for secondary analysis, it is necessary to have a description of the study and good annotation of the accompanying data. This study annotation permits sophisticated cross-study comparison and analysis, and allows data from comparable subjects to be identified and fully understood. The Minimal Information About a Microarray Experiment Standard was proposed to permit deposition and sharing of microarray data. We propose the first step toward an analogous standard for a toxicogenomics/toxicology study, by describing a checklist of information that best practices would suggest be included with the study data. When the information in this checklist is deposited together with the study data, the checklist information helps the public explore the study data in context of time, or identify data from similarly treated subjects, and also explore/identify potential sources of experimental variability. The proposed checklist summarizes useful information to include when sharing study data for publication, deposition into a database, or electronic exchange with collaborators. It is not a description of how to carry out an experiment, but a definition of how to describe an experiment. It is anticipated that once a toxicology checklist is accepted and put into use, then toxicology databases can be configured to require and output these fields, making it straightforward to annotate data for interpretation by others.
C1 NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
NIEHS, LMIT ITSS Contract, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA.
Johnson & Johnson PRD, Raritan, NJ 08869 USA.
US EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA.
NIEHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Ontology Worshop LLC, Columbia, MD 21045 USA.
Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA.
Integrated Life Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
Leadscope, Columbus, OH 43212 USA.
RP Fostel, JM (reprint author), NIEHS, POB 12233, 111 Alexander Drive, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA.
EM fostel@niehs.nih.gov
OI Burgoon, Lyle/0000-0003-4977-5352
FU Intramural NIH HHS
NR 18
TC 12
Z9 13
U1 0
U2 5
PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS
PI OXFORD
PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND
SN 1096-6080
J9 TOXICOL SCI
JI Toxicol. Sci.
PD SEP
PY 2007
VL 99
IS 1
BP 26
EP 34
DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfm090
PG 9
WC Toxicology
SC Toxicology
GA 205XK
UT WOS:000249148300004
PM 17442663
ER
EF